THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
U^C^^yty^^^
^ES
-1616, WHICH
MERICA BY
V ENGLAND
' OCCUPIED
miOUGH
printcb
TRACTS,
, AND
"ES
15-1616, WHICH
A3IERICA BY
;EN ENGLAND
OW OCCUPIED
H THROUGH
fir^t printcti
rEOUS TRACTS,
NOTES, AND
OBICAL ASSOCIATION
LANS
»ANY
//
/
THE GENESIS
OF THE
UNITED STATES
A NARRATIVE OF THE MOVEMENT IN ENGLAND, 1605-1616, WHICH
RESULTED IN THE PLANTATION OF NORTH AMERICA BY
ENGLISHMEN, DISCLOSING THE CONTEST BET\yEEN ENGLAND
AND SPAIN FOR THE POSSESSION OF THE SOIL NOW OCCUPIED
BY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; SET FORTH THROUGH
311 M^cvk^ of ]^iiSftorical a^aim.scriptjai note firjsft ptintcb
TOGETHER WITH A REISSUE OF RARE C0NTEMP0RANT:0US TRACTS,
ACCOMPANIED BY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL MEMORANDA, NOTES, AND
^ 23ricf 25iograpf)ic^
COLLECTED, ARRANGED, AND EDITED BY
ALEXANDER BROWN
Member op the Viegima Historical Societt and op the American Histoeical Association
Fellow op the Royal Historical Society of England
WITH 100 PORTRAITS, MAPS, AND PLANS
IN TWO VOLUMES
VOL. IL
BOSTON AND NEW YORK
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY
MDCCCXCI
Copyright, 1890,
Br ALEXANDER BROWN.
All rights reserved.
The Riverside, Press, Cnmhrirlt;e, l^lnss., U. S. A.
EJectrotj-pcd and I'rinted by U. 0. lioughton & Company.
PERIOD III. (concluded.)
FROM THE RETURN OF THE FLEET IN NOVEMBER, 1609, TO
THE RETURN OF ARGALL IN JULY, 1614.
. CLXXXV. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
PARCEL 2641.
Copy of two extracts from a letter of the King of Spain to
Don Alonso de Velasco, dated El Pardo, November 15,
1611.
" For Don Alonso de Velasco.
" A earavela having sailed under orders from the Gov-
ernor of the Havana in search of a ship, which left the Port
of Cartagena of the Indies with some artillery, which there
was taken out of a galleon, which stranded on the coast of
Buenos Ayres — and having passed along the coast of ^ la
Florida ' on this errand — and three men, in good faith,
going on shore from the same earavela, called Diego de
Molino, Marco Antonio Perez and Master Antonio, some
Enghshmen took them prisoners, who say that under orders
from the King of Great Britain they have made a settlement
on a part of that coast, which they call Virginia. Of which
I have desired to have you informed and instructed, as I do
herewith ; that you will inform the said king of my just
resentment at this imprisonment of these men, and that it
will be best to give orders by the shortest way that from
there may be accessible, so that they be set at liberty, Avith-
out any further injury being done them, in order that they
may return and carry out the commission entrusted to them
by the Governor of the Havana. You will report to me at
once what steps you have taken and what may result from
them."
279509
526 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CLXXXVI. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
The second extract, in cipher, deciphered.
" For Don Alonso de Velasco : — In another letter which
is sent with this you are ordered to take steps with that
king as to the hberty of three prisoners, whom Englishmen
in Virginia have captured;, and here in cipher, and for your-
self alone, I have wished to inform you that those aforesaid
prisoners are the Alcayde Don Diego do Molino, Ensign
Marco Antonio Perez and Francisco Lembri, an English
pilot, who by my orders went to reconnoitre those ports ;
but you must not give their names otherwise than you were
told in said letter, as long as you do not obtain their lib-
erty, which you will exert yourself to the utmost to secure,
employing all your skill and dexterity to prevent that king
from finding out the purpose for which those three men
went there, and you will promptly report to me what may
be doing [going on]."
CLXXXVII. MORE TO WINWOOD.
WIN WOOD MEMORIALS, III. PAGE 309.
November — , 1611. [Probably about the 20th, as it was
" received on the 29th of November, 1611."]
Extract from a letter of John Moore in London to Sir
Ralph Winwood at The Haghe. . . .
" There are some fears among the weaker sort, of some
foreign attempts on Virginia and Ireland, but the State doth
not apprehend it, as appears by Lord Carew's cashiering
one half of all the Irish forces. Neither is there care taken
to supply Sir Thomas Dale with the 2000 men whom he
demandeth. Neither is it likely indeed that the King of
Spain will break so profitable a peace for that which may
cost him dear the getting, and much dearer the keeping."
This has been printed before in this country in " Collec-
tions Mass. Hist. Soc." ix. fourth series, 1871, p. 6, note.
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. 527
CLXXXVIII. VELASCO TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2588, FOLIO 94.
Copy of an original letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to the
King of Spain, dated London, December 14, 1611.
Sire.
" On the 15'^ [5th] of last month I reported to Y. M.
what I had heard by a vessel which came a few da3's before
from Virginia, touching the Caravela that went there and
the three Spanish sailors that were left there on shore, as
hostage for the pilot, whom they gave them so that he
might guide them to the mouth of the river (a duplicate of
lohich accompanies tJiis letter). Having received your let-
ter of November 15'^, I expressed on the 7*^ of this month
[i. e., November 28, English], to the Council here the re-
sentment which Y. M. ordered me to convey for the reten-
tion of these sailors, and Count SaHsbury replied to me,
that they would at once order them to be brought here and
handed over to me, we returning likewise their pilot to them.
Y. M. will be pleased to command what I am to reply to this
and in the meantime I will solicit the brinofins" over of these
men, lest they should perish in Virginia with the necessities
and the hard work to which those who are there are sub-
jected.
" May our Lord preserve the Catholic Person of Y. M. as
all Christendon requires. London, Dec"" 14. 1611.
" Don Alonso de Velasco."
CLXXXIX. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
BIRCH'S COURT AND TIMES OF JAMES L VOLUME L PAGES
150, 152.
Chamberlain to Carleton, November 27, 1611.
" The Spanish ambassador went to the king the last
week at Newmarket, without acquainting any of the Coun-
cil, which is thought somewhat a strange course."
528 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
December 4, 1611. " The Earl of Southampton's jour-
ney into Spain is laid aside, and the ceremony of condoling
[on the death of the Queen of Spain] shall be left to the
ambassador resident there," etc.
" The Spanish ambassador was sent for lately before the
Council, where it was roundly told him what criminal
wrongs and injustice our nation was still offered in Spain,
with this conclusion, that if there was not present redress,
the king was fully minded to recall his ambassador," etc.
CXC. LAWS FOR VIRGINIA.
" December IS*** 1611 entered, at Stationers Hall, for
publication, under the handes of Sir Edward Cecill, knight.
Articles, Lawes and Orders, dyvyne pohtique and martiall
for the Colonye of Virginia ; first established by Sir
Thomas Gates, Knight and Leiftenant Generall the 2Jf^ of
May 1610 ; exemplified and approved by the Right Honor-
able Lord Governor and Captayne General, the 12^^' of June
1610; agayne exemplified and enlarged by Sir Thomas
Dale, knight and Deputy Governor the 22"^^ of June 1611^
These laws were published with the following title-
page : —
" For / The Colony in Virginea / Britannia. / Lcaoes
DivinCf Morall and I Martiall, &c.
Alget qui non Ardet.
Res nostrce suhinde non sunt, quales quis ojJtaret,
sed quales esse j^ossunt.
Printed at London for Walter Burre. 1612."
The printed book was probably sent to Virginia by the
John and Francis, which sailed February 27, 1612, or by
the Treasurer, July 23, 1612.
These laws were reprinted by Peter Force (vol. iii.),
Washington, D. C, 1844. The laws in this reprint, pp.
9-28 (CII.), were sent from England by Gates in June,
1609, and those, pp. 28-62 (CLIX.), were sent by Dale in
March, 1611 ; those on pp. 9-28 were first established by
LAWS FOR VIRGINIA. 529
Sii' Thomas Gates May 24, 1610, and the rest added by
Dale June 22, 1611. The whole body is said to have been
sent back to England by William Strachey, who arrived
late in October or early in November. They were probably
revised by General Cecil before he entered them for publi-
cation on December 13, 1611. Gates, Dale, and Cecil had
all served long in the Low Countries, and these laws were
" cheifely extracted out of the Lawes for governing the
armye in the Low Contreyes." They seem terrible to us
now ; but really they were not much, if any, more severe
than the Draconic code, which then obtained in England,
in which nearly three hundred crimes, varying from mur-
der to keeping company with a gypsy, were punishable with
death.
The author of " The New Life of Virginea " [CCX.]
says : " Their first and chiefest care was shewed in settling
Lawes divine and morall, for the honour and service of
God, for daily frequenting the church, the house of prayer,
at the tolling of the bell, for preaching, catechizing, and the
religious observation of the Sabbath day, for due reverence
to the Ministers of the Word and to all superiours, for peace
and love among themselves, and enforcing the idle to paines
and honest labours, against blasphemie, contempt and dis-
honour of God, against breach of the Sabbath by gaming :
and otherwise against adulterie, sacriledge and felonie ; and
in a word, against all wrongfull dealing amongst them-
selves, or injurious violence against the Indians. Good are
these beginnings, wherein God is thus before, good are
these lawes, and long may they stand in their due execu-
tion.^^
Other authorities of the period approved of these laws,
and assert that they were justified by the circumstances,
etc., but in the bitter dissensions in the company in 1622-
1624, Sir Thomas Smith was much abused for having intro-
duced these severe laws, and, in defending himself before
the Grievance Committee in Parliament, he asserted that
" Lord De la Warre, Sir Thomas Dale, Sir Thomas Gates,
530 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
and Captain Argall all saw the necessity of such laws, in
some cases ad terror em, and in some to be truly executed."
On the 7th of May, 1623, the Sandys party drew up many
specific charges against Sir Thomas Smythe ; among them :
" That there were few orders and lawes made in Sir T. S.
tyme for government of the Company and Colony," to
which he replied : " There were Icaoes for the Company
here, And none for the Colony since, hut were made then;"
and, " That Sir T. S. sufPered a Book of lawes for Govern-
ment of the Colony cheifely extracted out of the Lawes for
governing the armye in the Low Country es," to Avhich he
repHed : " This was answered before the Lords arid
allowed^
They also asserted, "That these lawes were printed at
home, and with great Honour dedicated to Sir Thomas
Smith," etc. Smith does not notice this charge, and Force's
tract (reprint) was not dedicated to him. I have never
seen an oris'inal. I have never even seen one advertised
for sale ; but there is one in the John Carter-Brown Li-
brary. I have no idea what an original would be worth.
William Strachey, who seems to have been the editor,
gives a poetical dedication " To The Right Honorable, the
Lords of the Councell of Virginia," and a preface in prose,
" To the constant, mighty, and worthie friends, the Com-
mitties, Assistants unto his Maiesties Councell for the
Colonic in Virginea-Britannia."
This severe body of " Lawes " ends very appropriately
with a very long " Praier " of nearly 3,000 words, which
was to be " duly said Morning and Evening upon the Court
of Guard, either by the Captaine of the watch himselfe, or
by some one of his principall officers."
CXCI. DIGBY TO SALISBURY.
December 13, 1611. Madrid. Digby to Salisbury.
" The Advertisement I gave your Lordship concerning
the Englishman that was brought from Virginia to the
ROBERT HEATH
Chit't Just ire
VELASCO TO PHILIP III. 531
Havana is true, and I have spoken with another English-
man that sawe him and spake with him there. And the
man is himself kept prisoner in one of the Gallions at
Lisbone. I humblie beseech yonr Lordship, that I may
receave directions in what manner I shall behave myself
herein : for that I beleeve this accident of demaundinjre
his hbertie, will sett the mayne question on foote." ^
CXCIL VELASCO TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME S5SS, FOLIO 99.
Copy of an original letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to the
King of Spain, dated London, December 24, 1611.
"Sire —
" Having represented to the Council here the just resent-
ment which Y. M. felt on account of the 3 seamen, whom
Englishmen had detained in Virginia, the Earl of Salisbury
replied that orders would be issued to bring them quickly
here and to hand them over to me, if we would return to
them the pilot who guided the ship that left them on shore,
as I reported to Y. M. on the 15'^ inst. Now the king has
sent me word through the said Count that with the first
ship that should sail for Virginia, he would send orders to
the Governor to put them on Spanish soil and leave them
entirely free — if in like manner I should use my good
offices with Y. M. that you should be pleased to order the
liberation of the subjects of this crown, who may be de-
tained on the galleys and in prisons as pirates or for other
crimes. That with such an understanding, the King would
write to Y. M., moved by the prayers and petitions, which
daily reach him from their wives and kinsmen. In case he
should write this special letter, Y. M. will be pleased to give
orders to inquire into the expediency of granting him this
favor, since there may other opportunities present tliem-
^ I. e., the question of the right of England to form settlement in territory
claimed by Spain.
532 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
selves here, to return such courtesy and to resort to such
pleasant interchange of kindness.
" Our Lord preserve Y. M. in His CathoHc Person as the
Church needs it.
" London. December 24. 1611.
" Don Alonso de Velasco."
[Mem. — I do not know when Harley and Hobson
returned from their voyage to New England, but they
" brought away the Salvadges from the river of Canada,"
which were "showed in London for a wonder" in the
spring of 1612.]
CXCIII. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
Chamberlain to Carleton, London, December 18, 1611.
..." Newport the Admirall of Virginia is newly come
home, and brings word of the arrival there of Sir Thomas
Gates and his Companie ; but his Lady died by the way in
some part of the West Indies, he hath sent his daughters
back againe, which I doubt is a peece of a prognostication
that himself meanes not to tarry long after.
" The Lord Treasurer [Cecil] is well recovered. All
business betwixt the king and him in his absence pass by
the Earl of Pembroke, who is communis terminus between
them."
[Mem. — "In last December, Captaine Newport in the
Starre and since that [prior to May, 1612] five other shippes
are arived heere from the Colonic," etc., CCX.]
CXCIV. DALE TO THE COUNCIL.
Strachey (CCXVII.) gives the following extract from
one of Dale's letters. When this letter was written or
received in England I do not know.
" It would easihe raise a well-stayed Judgement into
BIARD TO THE PROVINCIAL. 533
wonder (as Sir Thomas Dale liath writt sometimes uiito his
Majesty's Counsell here for Virginia) to behold the goodly
vines burthening every neighbour bush, and clymbing the
toppes of highest trees, and those full of clusters of the
grapes in their kind, however dreeped and shadowed soever
from the sun, and though never pruned or manured " \_i. e.,
cultivated].
CXCV. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2571, FOLIO 302.
Copy of an extract from a rough draft of a letter of His
Majesty to Don Alonso de Velasco, dated Madrid, Jan-
uary 6, 1612.
" I shall order the. Virginia Pilot, who is in the Havannah
to be brought here, so that he may be surrendered when
they hand over to us the three Spanish sailors, who were
kept in Virginia." . . .
CXCVL BIARD TO THE PROVINCIAL.
January 21. Letter wi'itten by Father Pierre Biard to
the Right Rev. Provincial at Paris. (Copied from the auto-
graph preserved in the Archives of Jesus at Rome.) Port
Royal, January 31, 1612.
..." I have made two voyages with M. de Biancourt,
one lasting nearly twelve days, the other of a month and a
half, and we have examined the whole coast from Port Royal
as far as Kinibequi, West-South-West. We have sailed up
the large rivers St. John, the Holy Cross (Saincte Croix),
Pentegoet and the above mentioned Kinibequi. [Kennebec
or Sagadahock.] We have visited the French, who have
wintered here this year, in two divisions, on the River St.
Jean and that of Sainte Croix ; the Malouins in the river
St. Jean, and Captain Plastrier at Sainte Croix. . . .
" Two main causes induced M. de Biancourt to do this ;
the first to obtain news about the English and to know if it
534 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
would be possible to get the better of them ; the second
to exchange ' Armonchiquoys ' wheat so as to preserve us
during the winter, and keep us from dying of hunger, in case
we should receive no aid from France. In order to under-
stand the first motive, it ought to be known that shortly
before, Captain Platrier of Honfleur, before mentioned,
wishing to go to Kinibequi, was taken prisoner by two
English vessels, that were near an island, called Emmetenic,
8 leagues from aforesad Kennebec. He was released by
means of some presents, (this was the way they mildly called
it), and the promise he gave to comply with the prohibi-
tions imposed upon him, not to trade along that whole
coast. For the English claim to be masters here, and in
support of this they exhibit Patents of their King, which we,
however, believe to be false. Now M. de Biancourt, hav-
ing heard all this from the lips of Captain Patrier himself,
represented very earnestly to these people, how important it
was to him, an officer of the Crown and a lieutenant of his
father, how important also to every good Frenchman, to go
and prevent this usurpation of the English, which was so
very contrary to the rights and possessions of his Majesty.
" For, said he, it is well known to all men (not to speak
of higher views of the matter) that the great Henry, whom
God may save in His mercy, according to rights acquired
by him and his predecessors, bestowed upon M. des Monts,
in the year 1604, all this country from the 40''' degree of
latitude to the 46*^^. Since this grant the aforesaid Seign-
eur des Monts, in his own person and through M. de
Potrincourt, my most honored Father, his lieutenant, and
thro' others, has often taken real possession of the whole
country and this three and four years before ever the Eng-
lish had set forth, or any one had ever heard anything of
this claim of theirs. These and several other things the
aforesaid Sieur de Biancourt found out and made known,
thus encouraging his people.
" I, for my part, had two other motives which urged me
to this same voyage : one, to accompany, as a spiritual
BIARD TO THE PROVINCIAL. 535
assistant the aforesaid Sieur de Biancourt, and his people,
the other, to find out and to see myself the disposition of
these nations to accept the Holy Gospel. These, then, were
the motives of our voyage.
" We arrived at Kennebec, 80 leagues from Port Royal,
on the 28*'' October, the day of St. Simon and St. Jude, of
the same year 1611. Immediately, our men went on shore,
desirous to see the fort of the English ; [see LVIII.] for
we had heard, on the way, that there was no one there.
Now, as at first everything looks fine, they went to work
praising and boasting of this enterprise of the English and
to enumerate the advantages of the place ; everybody
praised in it what he valued most. But a few days later
they changed their views ; for there was seen a fair chance
of raising a counter-fort, Avliich would have imprisoned
them and cut them off from the river and the sea ; item,
that even if they had been left there, they would neverthe-
less not have enjoyed the commodities of the river, since it
had several other and finer estuaries, at some distance from
there. . . .
" But, since I here have made mention of the English,
some one may perchance wish to hear of their adventures,
which we were told here. It is, therefore, thus, that in the
year 1608 the Enghsh, began to settle down at one of the
mouths of this river Kennebec ; as has been said before.
They had then as their head a very honest man, who got
along remarkably well with the natives of the country.
They say, however, that the Armonche-quois were afraid of
such neighbors, and on that account murdered this Captain,
of Avhom I have spoken. These people are accustomed to
this business, to kill people by Magic. Now, in the second
year, 1609, the English, under another Captain, changed
their policy. They repelled the natives most dishonorably,
they beat them, and committed excesses of every kind, with-
out much restraint ; hence, these poor, ill treated people,
impatient with the present, and fearing more from the
future, resolved, as the saying is, to kill the whelp before
536 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
he should have more powerful claws and teeth. The op-
portunity offered one day, when three sloops had gone to a
distant place, in order to fish. My conspirators followed
them upon their track, and drawing near with many signs
of friendship (for thus they always are most friendly when
they are nearest to treachery) they entered and, at a given
signal, each chose his man and killed him with his big knife.
Thus perished eleven EngHshmen. The others, intimidated,
abandoned their enterprise that same year, and have not
continued it since, being content to come in the summer to
fish near this island of Emetenic, which, as we mentioned
before, was 8 leagues fi-om the fort they had begun.
" On this account, therefore, the outrage committed in
the person of Captain Platrier by said Englishmen, having
been perpetrated on this island of Emetenic, M. de Bian-
court considered the expediency of going to reconnoitre it
and to leave there some token of having re-claimed it. This
he did by erecting in the harbour a very fine Cross, with
the arms of France. Some of his people suggested to him
to burn the sloops which he found there, but as he is gen-
tle and humane, he would not do it, considering that they
were not men-of-war but fishing vessels.
"^ From there since the season pressed us, for it was al-
ready November 6*^ we made sail to return to Port-Royal.
Stopping at Pentegoet, as we had promised the Sav-
ages. . . .
" From Port-Royal the last of January 1612.
"Pierre Biard."
CXCVII. DIGBY TO SALISBURY.
February 2, 1612. Madrid. Sir John Digby to Sahs-
bury.
..." Departure of 800 men out of Portugal and the
transporting of 3200 more so that the whole number of
men to be sent is 4000. All which though I conceive are
to be carried into Flanders, yet I am advertized from one
PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. 537
that I appointed to be amongst them, that divers of the
Masters of the Ships are discontented, and that they suspect
they shall be forced to a far longer journey. The which if
it be so, I can only suspect some enterprize of thehs ao-ainst
Virginia, the which I do not think Hkely, but in regard
that divers write unto me, though uncertainly, that there is
something now in hand against it, I omit not to advertise it
unto your Lordship." ♦
CXCVIII. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
Chamberlain to Carleton, London, February 12, 1612.
..." We heard yesterday of nine ships, wdth 1500
Spaniards, come into the Downs, and going into the Low
Countries to reinforce their garrisons. The Spanish am-
bassador's sister and daughter-in-law, whom you met upon
Barham Downs, went away the last week towards Brussels,
without taking leave, or bidding the Queen Farewell. . . .
There is a lotterie in hand for the furthering of the Vir-
ginia Voiage, and an under-companie erecting for the trade
of the Bermudes, which have chaunged theyre name twise
within this moneth, beeing first christned Virginiola as a
member of that plantation, but now lastly resolved to be
called Sommer Hand as well in respect of the continuall
temporal ayre, as in remembrance of Sir George Somraers
that died there." ...
CXCIX. PHILIP HI. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2571, FOLIO S09.
Copy of an extract from a deciphered letter of His Majesty
to Don Alonso de Velasco, dated Madrid, February 25,
1612.
" What you report on the subject of Virginia has been
received; also what you say of the people they send out
538 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
there, the merchandise for which this crowd of men hastens
thither (as you state) — and I shall be pleased if you will
most carefully try to find out whatever else may appear on
that subject, and to report to me the day on which the
ships will sail — on board which those aforesaid people will
sail — and whatever else they carry and whether in any
suitable way some trustworthy person [see CLXIX.] might
be put among them. This AW)uld be very important and
therefore I order you to arrange it so, since this seems to
be the best way to ascertain the nature of that enterprise
— this said person coidd then return in the ships which
may come back from Vu'ginia to England — also the ex-
change of prisoners who are still there is to be carried out
as you have been ordered."
[Mem. — February 24, 1612, Master Welby entered at
Stationers' Hall for pubHcation " under the handes of Sir
Thomas Smithe and Mr. Lownes, warden. A booke or
thinge called the Publicacon of the Lottery for Virginia."
No copy of this publication is now known to be in exist-
ence. CXCVIII. mentions that the " lottery was in hand,"
and the charter (already granted) which passed the seals
March 12, 1612, authorizes these lottery pubHcations.]
CC. LETTER TO THE GOVERNOR AND COMPANY OF
VIRGINIA, FEBRUARY, 1612.
" A Letter to the Governor and Company for Virginia
affairs to suffer Daniell Tucker who hath ben a personall
adventurer ever since the first plantation there to pass by
the next Shipp that shall come for England.
" Subscr. and procur. by Mr. May."
The letter referred to in this minute is now missing ; it
was probably sent to Virginia by the John and Francis,
which sailed February 27, 1612.
FROM THE TRINITY HOUSE RECORDS. 539
CCI. DIGBY TO SALISBURY.
March 9, 1612. Madrid. Digby to Salisbury.
" My L**. I am not hasty to advertise anything upon
bare rumors, which hath made me hitherto to forbeare to
write what I had generally heard, of their intents against
Virginia, but now I have been from good P.*® advertised
that without question they will speedily attempt against our
plantation there. And that it is a thing resolved of, that
ye King of Spaine must runne any hazard with England
rather than permitt ye English to settle there : for upon
Late consultation, I assure your Lordship they apprehend
it to be of much more danger to their West Indies than I
conceave it. especially for ther returne of ye West Indian
Fleete, & therupon (as I am informed) have determined,
that since ye buisines of itselfe hath not fallen as they
expected, they must with speed prevent ye further growing
of it. Whatsoever is attempted, I conceive will be from ye
Havana, where ye rendevous shall be of all those provisions
& shipps, which for that effect goe from ye severall ports
of Spaine. In Sevil they prepare shipping, but that is
as your Lordship knoweth, under color of ye West Indian
Fleete. In Portugal likewise there is order for ye making
ready speedily of two Gallions. At ye Passo by St. Sebas-
tians in all hast they make ready foure. And there are two
shipps built by ye Marchants of foure or five hundred tun
a peece which I heare ye King will Hkewise buye. As I
shall herein come to ye knowledge of more particulars your
Lordship shall receeve advertisement."
ecu. EXTRACT FROM THE TRINITY HOUSE RECORDS.
"March IV" 1611 [0. S.]. Letter from Sir Thomas
Smyth to The Trinity House, asking for payment of the
second of the three years' subscription to the Virginia
Adventure." Extract.
540 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
"March — ,1611 [0. S.]. A bill of adventure issued
to The Trinity House. Agreement that The Trinity House
shall have rateably according to their adventure for Vir-
ginia their full part of all such lands as shall be recovered,
planted and inhabited, and of such mines and minerals of
gold and silver, and other metals or treasure, pearls, pre-
cious stones or other kind of wares which shall be obtained
or gotten in the said voyage."
[Mem. — Chamberlain to Carleton, March 11, 1612.
, . . "There is a Httle Treatise of the North-West Pas-
sage, written by Sir Dudley Digges. . . . Some of his good
friends say he had better have given five hundred pounds
than published such a pamphlet. But he is wonderfully
possessed with the opinion and hopes of that passage."
The title of Dio:2:es' tract I believe was " A Discourse
concernina- the circumference of the earth, or a North- West
passage. 1612."]
CCIII. THE THIRD CHARTER.^
" A third charter of King James to the Treasurer and
Company for Virginia."
Article I. [Recital of former charters.]
II. [Former boundaries recited.]
" III. Now, forasmuch as we are given to understand,
that in those seas, adioininof to the said coast of
Preamble __. . . i • i i pi
Virgmia, and "v^^thout the compass ot those two
hundred miles, by us so granted unto the said Treasurer
and Company, as aforesaid, and yet not far distant from the
said colony in Virginia, there are, or may be, divers islands,
lying desolate and uninhabited, some of which are already
made known and discovered, by the industry, travel, and
expences of the said company, and others also are supposed
to be and remain, as yet, unknown and undiscovered, all
^ This document was drawn np, I first published by the Rev. William
suppose, by Sir Edwin Sandys ; it was Stith in 1747. (See Preface, vii.)
PHILIP HERBERT
First Earl of Monlffnim-rY
/
THE THIRD CHARTER. 541
and every of which it may import the said colony, both in
safety and pohcy of trade, to populate and plant, in regard
whereof, as well for the preventing of peril, as for the bet-
ter commodity and prosperity of the said colony, they have
been humble ^ suitors unto us, that we would be pleased to
grant unto them an enlargement of our said former letters
patents, as well for a more ample extent of their limitts and
territories into the seas, adjoining to and upon the coast of
Virginia, as also for some other matters and articles, con-
cerning the better government of the said Company and
Colony, in which point our said former letters patents do
not extend so far, as time and experience hath found to be
needful and convenient : — "
IV. [Extension of boundaries, so as to include all the
islands lying within three hundred leagues of the continent,
"and being within or between the one and fortieth and
thirtieth degrees of northerly latitude," and "provided
always, that the said Islands &c, be not actually possessed
or inhabited by any other Christian Prince or estate, nor be
within the bounds, limits, or territories of the Northern
Colony heretofore by us granted to be planted by divers of
our loving subjects, in the north parts of Virginia " etc.]
" V. And further, our will and pleasure is, and we do,
by these presents, grant and confirm, for the
good and weKare of the said plantation, and that adventurers
posterity may hereafter know who have adven-
tured and not heen sparing of their purses in such a noble
and generous action for the general good of their country,
and at the request, and with the consent, of the Company
aforesaid, that our trusty and well beloved subjects,
^ George [Abbot] Lord Archbishop of Canterbury
^ I have not found this petition. It must have been considerable delay in
was presented to the king some time obtaining the additional adventurers,
in the year 1611, I suppose. The whose names were to be inserted be-
charter had certainly been granted fore it was signed and sealed by the
before February 12, 1612, and possi- king. See CLXXIV.
bly a considerable time before, as the ^ A complete list of these names
outlook was not promising, and there has never been published. Stith only
542 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Gilbert [Talbot] Earle of Slirewsbury,
Mary [Cavendish-Talbot] Countesse of Shrewsbury,
Elizabeth [Vere-Stanley] Countesse of Derby,
Margarette [Russell-Clifford] Countesse of Cumberland,
Henry [Hastings] Earle of Huntingdon,
Edward [Russell] Earle of Bedford,
Lucy [Harrington-Russell] Countesse of Bedford,
Mary [Sidney] Countesse of Pembroke,
Richard [Bourke] Earl of Clanricard,
Lady Elizabeth Graie,
William [Cecil] Lord Viscount Cranborne,
William [James] Lord Byshopp of Duresme,
Henry [Parry] Lord Byshopp of Worseter,
John [Bridges] Lord Bishop of Oxenford,
William Lord Pagett,
Dudley Lord North,
Francis Lord Norreis,
William Lord Knollys,
John Lord Harrington,
Robert Lord Spencer,
Edward Lord Denny,
William Lord Cavendishe,
James Lord Hay,
Elian or Lady Carre,
Maistres Elizabeth Scott, widdow,
Edward Sackvill Esqre.
Sir Henry Nevill of Abergavenny, Knight,
gives " George, Lord Archbishop of ter, while three fourths of these belong
Canterbury, Henry, Earl of Hunting- to the gentry ; but the gentry did not
ton, Edward, Earl of Bedford, Rich- pay their subscriptions so well as the
ard, Earl of Clanrickard," etc. merchants. Of the names in this
Tliis charter contains the names of charter about 125 paid £37 10s. or
six corporations and 325 persons, of more, about 83 paid less than £37
whom about 25 were in the peerage, 10., and about 117 paid nothing.
Ill knights, 10 doctors, ministers. About 120 of them served at some
etc., 66 esquires, 30 gentlemen, and time in the House of Commons ; of
83 citizens and others not classified, these about 60 were members of the
but mostly merchants. The trades, first Parliament of King James I.
etc., predominated in the second char-
THE THIRD CHARTER. 543
Sir Robert Riche,
Knight,
" John Harrington,
((
" Raphe Winwood,
a
" John Graie
ti
" Henry Riche
iC
" Henry Wotten
<c
Peregrine Berty Esqre,
Sir Edward PhelHpps, Master of the Rolls,
" Moile ffinch
Knight,
" Thomas Mansell
a
" John St John
u
" Richard Spenser
tc
" ffrancis Barrington
it
" George Carie of Devonshire, Knight,
" William Twisden
Knight,
*' John Leveson
i(
" Thomas Walsingham
a
" Edward Carre
ie
^' Arthur Manwareing
((
" Thomas Jermyn
((
*' Valentine Knightley
((
" John Dodderidge
a
" John Hungerford
(t
" John Stradlinge
<6
" John Bourchier,
iC
" John Bennet,
tc
" Samuell Leonard,
Ci
" ffrauncis Goodwin,
«
" Wareham St Leiger
i(
" James Scudamore
tc
" Thomas Mildmay
iC
*' Percivall Willoughby
a
" ffrauncis Leigh
i(
*' Henry Goodere
u
" John Cutts
u
" James Parrett
<(
" William Craven
«
544 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Sir John Sames K
jiigt
" Carew Raleigh
((
" WiUiam Maynard
it
" Edmund Bowyer
a
" William Cornewallis
a
" Thomas Beomont
it
" Thomas Cunningsby
cc
" Henry Beddingfield
a
" David Murray
u
" William Poole
ti
" William Throgmorton
i(
" Thomas Grantham
((
" Thomas Stewkley
((
" Edward Heron
a
" Raphe Shelton
«
" Lewis Thesam
iC
" Walter Aston
66
" Thomas Denton
66
" Ewstace Hart
66
" John Ogle
66
" Thomas Dale
66
" William Boulstrode
66
" William ffleetwood
li
" John Acland
66
" John Hanham
66
" Robert Millor
66
" Thomas Wilford
66
" WilHam Lower
66
" Thomas Leedes
66
'' ffrauncis Barneham
16
" Walter Chute
66
" Thomas Tracy
66
" Marmaduke Darrell
66
" William Harrys
66
" Thomas Gerrard
«
" Peter ffreetchville
U
" Richard Trevor
66
THE THIRD CHARTER. 545
Sir Amias Bamfield Knight,
" William Smyth of Essex "
" Thomas Hewit "
" Richard Smith "
" John Heyward "
'* Christopher Harris *'
« John Pettus "
" WilHam Strode "
" Thomas Harfleets, "
" Walter Vaughan, "
" William Herrick "
" Samuell Saltonstall "
" Richard Cooper "
" Henry ffane '*
" ffrauncis Egiok ''
" Robert Edolph "
" Arthur Harris "
" George Huntley "
" George Chute ''
" Robert Leigh "
'' Richard Lovelace "
" William Lovelace "
" Robert Yaxley "
" ffrancis Wortly "
" ffrancis Heiborne "
" Guy Palme "
" Richard Bingley "
" Ambrose Turville "
*' Nicholas Stoddard "
" William Gee "
" Walter Coverte "
" Thomas Eversfeild "
« Nicholas Parker "
" Edward Culpeper "
" William AylifPe " and
" John Keile " .
Doctor George Mountaine, Deane of Westminster,
546
PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Lawrence Bohun Docktor in pliisick,
Anthony Hinton, Docktor in Phisick.
John Pawlett, Arthur Ingram
Anthony Irby,
John Walter,
[Esquires]
Anthony Dyott,
Thomas Warre,
Lawrence Hide,
Thomas Stevens,
Thomas Coventry,
Robert Askwith,
Francis Jones,
Henry Cromewell,
John Culpeper,
Walter FitzWilliams,
Wilham Roscarrock,
Edward Carne,
Nicholas Lickfeild,
John Weld,
John Harris,
Wm. Ravenscrofte,
William Hackwell,
Nicholas Hide,
ffrauncis Tate,
John Hare,
George Sandys,
Tho^ Wentworth
John Arundell,
John Hoskins,
Walter Kirkham,
Richard Carmerden
Thomas Merry
John Middleton,
John Smith and Thomas Smith the sonnes of Sir Thomas
Smith,
George Gerrard,
John Drake,
Oliver Nicholas,
John Vaughan,
Lamarock Stradling,
John Kettleby,
Lionell Cranfeild,
William Litton,
George Thorpe,
Henry Sandys and Edwin Sandys the sonnes of Sir Edwin
Sandys,
Thomas Conway Captaine, Owinn Gwin Captaine,
Giles Hawkridge, Edward Dyer,
Richard Connock, Benjamin Brand,
Richard Leigh and Thomas Pelham Esquires.
Thomas Digges and John Digges Esquires, the sonnes of
Sir Dudley Diggs, Knight.
Peter Franke,
Gregory Sprinte,
Roger Puleston,
Richard Monyngton,
John Evelin,
John Riddall,
Warren Towneshend
Edward Salter,
Humfrey May,
THE THIRD CHARTER.
547
[Ministers]
ffrauncis Bradley, Richard Buck,
ffrauncis Burley, John Prockter,
Alexander Whitaker, Thomas tfrake the elder, and Henry
tfreake the elder j\Ilnisters of God's Woi'd.
The Maior and Cittizens of Chichester, [Corpora-
The Maior and Jurates of Dover, *^°°"J
The Bayliffes, Burgesses and Cominalty of Ipswich,
The Maior & Cominalty of Lyme Regis,
The Maior and Cominalty of Sandwich,
The Wardens Assistants and Companie of The trinity
House.
Thomas Martin,
Augustine Steward,
Humfrey Jobson,
Robert Barkley,
Edward Barkley,
Henry Wolstenholme,
George Tucker,
Thomas Gouge,
Wniiam Hall,
George Sams,
WiUiam Tucker,
William Hodges,
Phineas Pett Captaine,
William Beck,
ffrauncis Heiton and Samuell Holliland Gents.
Richard Chamberlaine, George Chamberlaine,
[Gentlemen]
ffrauncis Smallman,
Richard Tomlms,
John Legats,
John Crowe,
WilHam Ffleet,
Edmund Alley ne,
ffrauncis Glanville,
John Evelin,
John Smithe,
John Robinson,
John Wolstenholme Esquire,
Jonathan Nuttall,
John King Captaine,
Giles Alington,
Hewett Staper,
Raph ffreeman,
Richard Piggott,
Roger Harris,
Edward Baber,
Thomas Shilds,
Robert Garsett,
William Bright,
Peter Bartley,
Humfrey Smith,
Humfrey Handford,
George Swinhoe,
Elias Roberts,
De\ ereaux Wogan,
William Greenewell,
Nicholas Hooker,
Thomas Cordell,
John Reynolds,
John Willet,
Roger Dye,
[Merchants
and citizens
of London]
548
PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Nicholas Leate,
Lewes Tate,
Robert Peake,
Sebastian Vittars,
Richard Warner,
Warner . . . ,
Andrew Throughton,
Thomas Hodges,
Richard HarjDcr,
WilliaA Haselden,
WiUiam Burrell,
Richard ffishborne,
Edward Cooke,
Richard Hall ankersmith,
Richard ffranckline,
John Britton,
Edmund Pond,
Robert Bell,
William fferrers
Anthony Abdy
Benjamyne Decrowe,
Humfrey Basse,
Richard Moorer,
Richard Pontsonne,
John Beomont, clothier,
Thomas Wale,
Humfrey Merrett,
Powell Isaackson,
Jarvis Mundes,
Gresham Hogan,
Daniell Dernley,
William Barrett,
John Downes,
Thomas ffoxall,
James Harrison,
John Hodsall,
John Miller,
Richard Hall marehant,
John Delbridge,
Edmund Scott,
Robert Strutt,
Edward James,
Richard Heme,
William Millet,
Robert Gore,
Henry Tunberly,
Abraham Speckart,
William Compton,
William Wolaston,
Alexander Childe,
WilHam ^d\Ao,ffishmonger, ffrauncis Baldwine,
John Jones, marchant,
Edward Plomer marchants.
John Stoickden,
Peter Erundell,
Thomas Hampton and
Thomas Plomer, and
Robert Tindall,
Ruben Bourne,
ffrauncis Carter
Cittizens of London, who since our said last letters patents
are become adventurers, etc. etc.
Additional " ^^- ^^^ ^^ ^^® further pleased, and we do,
Councillors. \,y thesc prescuts, grant and confirm, thdt
^ Philip [Herbert] Earle of Montgomery,
* A complete list of these has not been published. Stith only gives three
THE THIRD CHARTER. 549
William Lord Paget,
Sir John Harrington, Knight,
' " William Cavendish, "
" John Sammes, "
" Samuel Sandys, "
" Thomas ffreke, "
" William St John, "
" Richard Grobham, "
" Thomas Dale "
" Cavalliero Maycott, "
Richard Martin, Esquire,
John Bingley, "
Thomas Watson "
and Arthur Ingram "
whom the said Treasurer and Company have, since the said
last letters 2^atents, nominated and set down as worthy and
discreet persons, fit to serve us as Counsellors, to be of our
Council for the said plantation, shall be reputed, deemed
and taken as persons of our said Council for the said first
Colony, in such manner and sort, to all intents and pur-
poses, as those who have been formerly elected and nomi-
nated, as our Counsellors for that Colony, and whose names
have been or are inserted and expressed in our said for-
mer letters patents."
VII. [' Courts or meetings of the treasurer and company
to assemble " once every week or oftener^^ to be constituted
names, and one of these he gives in- to convey an idea of the article num-
correctly, viz. : " Philip. Earl of Mont- bered, as this seems to answer all pur-
goraery, William Lord Paget, Sir John poses.
SStarrington, Knt.," etc. Starrington No one was admitted to share in
should be Harrington. the Virginia colony for a less sum than
^ In the copy made for me at the £12 10s. This amount finally entitled
British Museum, the name of " Sir the payer to a share of not less than
William Cavendish, Knight," does not 100 acres in Virginia. Of those who
appear ; but this may be an oversight paid their subscriptions and took there-
of the copyist, as the name is found in for bills of adventure, it may be stated,
the list as copied for me from the Kim- as approximately correct, that about
bolton manuscripts. one third came to Virginia themselves
2 The words in [ ] are only intended and settled on their lands ; about one
550 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
of not less than five members of his majesty's council for
the first colony in Virginia (of which the treasurer, or his
deputy, to be always one) and not less than fifteen " of the
generality of the said Company " shall be a sufficient court
for handling casual occurrences, etc.]
VIII. [For matters of greater weight, such as concern
the weal publick, etc. Four great and general courts were to
be held yearly upon the last Wednesday save one of Hillary
(Winter) term, Easter (Spring), Trinity (Summer), and
Michaelmas (Fall) terms. These courts had power to regu-
late the government (appoint or remove officers, make laws,
etc.) of the colony in Virginia, to dispatch the affairs of the
said company, to expulse from the company all persons who
failed to pay their dues as adventurers, subscribers, etc.]
IX. [The judges at Westminster and elsewhere to favor
suits brought by the company against non-paying sub-
scribers.]
X. [The treasurer and company may admit new mem-
bers, etc.]
XI. [May encourage migration. May send things neces-
sary for the plantation free of duty for seven years from
12th March, 1612.]
XII. [The oath of supremacy and allegiance to be ad-
ministered to every one going to Vu-ginia.]
XIII. [Certain oaths to be administered to the officers of
the colony for faithfully discharging the matters committed
to them for the good of said colony.]
XIV. [Whereas divers persons, having received wages,
etc., from the company, and agreed to serve the colony, have
afterwards refused to go thither; and divers others who
have been employed in Virginia by the Company, and hav-
ing there misbehaved themselves by mutinies, sedition, or
other notorious misdemeanors, have come back to England
third sent over their agents, or finally the lands. These classes were the
their heirs, to occupy theirs ; while landed gentry, and they brought, or
the remaining third sold their shares sent, over another class as servants,
to others, who generally settled on etc.
WILLIAM HERBERT
Third Earl of Peiitbrokc
THE THIRD CHARTER. 551
in some treacherous way, or by stealth, or without licence
from the governor of Virginia, or having been sent hither
as misdoers and offenders, have shown no respect to the
Council of the Company ; and others for the colouring of
their lewdness and misdemeanors committed in Viririnia,
have endeavored, by most vile and slanderous reports of the
country, of the government and estate of the colony, to
bring the plantation into disgrace and contempt, whereby
" the utter overthrow and ruin of the said enterprise hath
been greatly endangered, which cannot miscarry without
some dishonour to us and our kingdom.]
XV. [" Now, forasmuch as it appeareth unto us, that
these msolences, misdemeanors, and abuses, not to be toler-
ated in any civil government, have, for the most part,"
proceeded from the fact that said council have not had
authority to correct and chastise such offenders ; we there-
fore, for the speedy reformation of so great and enonnous
abuses and misdemeanors heretofore practised and com-
mitted, and for the prevention of the like hereafter, do, by
these presents, authorize the said Council or any two of
them (whereof the Treasurer, or his deputy, to be always
one), by warrant under their hands, to cause to be appre-
hended any person hereafter guilty of said offences, to
examine them, and if found guilty upon just proof made by
oath, the said Council, or any two of them, shall have full
power and authority either here to bind them over with
good sureties for their good behavior, and further therein
to proceed, to all intents and purposes, as it is used, in other
like cases, within our realm of England ; or else, at their
discretion, to remand and send them back to the said colony
in Virginia, there to be proceeded against and punished, as
the governor, deputy, or council there shall think meet, etc.]
" XVI. And for the more effectual advancing of the said
plantation, we do further, for us, our heirs, and L^^j^^gj^gg
successors, of our especial gfrace and favour, by authorized
„ ^ . ^ ^ ' "^ for the bene-
virtue or our prerogative royal, and by the assent fit of the
and consent of the Lords and others of our privy ° ^"^'
552 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
council, give and grant unto the said treasurer and company
full power and authority, free leave, liberty, and licence, to
set forth, erect, and pubhsh, one or more lottery or lotteries,
to have continuance, and to endure and be held, for the
space of one whole year, next after the opening of the same ;
and after the end and expiration of the said term, the said
lottery or lotteries to continue and be fm^ther kept, dur-
ing our Avill and pleasure only, and not otherwise. And
yet nevertheless, we are contented and pleased for the good
and welfare of the said plantation, that the said treasurer
and company shall, for the dispatch and finishing of the said
lottery or lotteries, have six months warning after the said
year ended, before our will and pleasure shall, for and on
that behalf, be construed, deemed and adjudged, to be in
anywise altered and determined.
" XVII. And our further will and pleasure is, that the
Where Said lottery and lotteries shall and may be opened
opened. ^^^ held, witliiu our city of London, or in any
other city or town or elsewhere, within this our realm of
England, with such prizes, articles, conditions, and limita-
tions, as to them, the said Treasurer and Company, in their
discretion shall seem convenient :
" XVIII. And that it shall and may be lawful, to and
^ for the said Treasurer and Company, to elect and
Ireasiirer . . i ^ ^
and Com- clioosc rcccivcrs, auditors, surveyors, commission-
appoint offi- ers, or any other officers, whatsoever, at their will
du^cVthe°° ^^^^ pleasure, for the better marshalling, dispos-
Lotteriesand {^10- ffuidinsf, and ffoverninof of the said lottery
administer ©-"o . . , .
oaths to and lotteries ; and that it shall likewise be lawful,
to and for the said Treasurer and any two of the
said council, to minister to all and every such person so
elected and chosen for officers, as aforesaid, one or more
oaths, for their good behaviour, just and true dealing, in
and about the said lottery or lotteries, to the intent and
purpose, that none of our loving subjects, putting in their
names, or otherwise adventuring in the said general lottery
and lotteries, may be, in any wise, defrauded and deceived
PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. 553
of their said monies, or evil and indirectly dealt withal in
their said adventures.
" XIX. And we further grant in manner and form
aforesaid, that it shall and may be lawful, to and May publish
for the said treasurer and company, under the seal orthdr Lot-
of the said council for the plantation, to publish, *«"<^3-
or to cause and procure to be published, by proclamation or
otherwise (the said proclamation, to be made in their name,
by virtue of these presents) the said lottery or lotteries in
all cities, towns, boroughs, and other places within
our said realm of England ; and we will and command all
mayors, justices of peace, sheriffs, baihffs, constables, and
other ofiicers and loving subjects, whatsoever, that, in no
wise, they hinder or delay the progress and 'proceedings of
the said lottery or lotteries, but be therein touching the
premises, aiding and assisting, by all honest good and law-
ful means and endeavours."
XX. [Construction of charters to be made in the most
ample and beneficial manner for the company.]
XXI. [Former privileges confirmed, etc.] " In witness
whereof we have caused these our letters to be made patents.
Witness ourself, at Westminster, the twelfth day of March,
in the ninth year of our reign of England, France, and Ire-
land, and of Scotland the five and fortieth.'*
CCIV. PHILIP TIL TO VELASCO.
GENER^iL ARCHIVES OF SHfANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2571, FOLIO 312.
Copy of a rough draft of a letter of His Majesty to Don
Alonso de Velasco, dated Madrid, April 1, 1612.
" In a letter of February 25'^ I ordered you to write to
me in matters relating to Virginia, what you may have
learned, and since afterwards the subject has again been dis-
cussed on account of a paper presented by a person zealous
to serve me, which treats of the serious troubles likely to
arise if the English get a footing in that region, and pro-
r)D4: PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
poses the way and the means which might be employed in
order to drive them out from there.^ I order you and charge
you to proceed most carefully in ascertaining the precise
condition of things there and to report to me — also that
the pilot [Clark] who now is in the Havannah comes over
promptly for the purposes of the exchange, which you know
— and you will act with dispatch in all that concerns this
matter."
CCV. VELASCO TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL AECHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 25S9, FOLIO 25.
Copy of a deciphered letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to the
Eang of Spain, dated London, April M, 1612.
" Sire. —
"On the 8*'* of last month [February 27] two ships ^
sailed from here with the first assistance which I reported
to Y. M., was preparing for Virginia, they took not more
than 100 men, and the second is understood not to reach
1000, they will sail from here in eight ships in the last
days of this month. It is however, still doubted whether
Lord de la Warre, the former Governor there, will go with
the expedition as had been reported. Those who are inter-
ested in this Colony show, however, that they wish to push
this enterprise very earnestly and the Prince of Wales
lends them very warmly his support and assistance towards
it. If a suitable person could be found, he [ I ] would
send him with these vessels to establish friendly relations
with all [i. e. while really acting the spy] as Y. M. com-
mands me in the letter of February 25 [15], [CLXIX.
and CXCIX.]
" May our Lord " etc.
* This important paper has not been ^ The John and Francis and the
found. Was this an Entrlishman, Sarah, I suppose,
who was so anxious to serve Philip III.
of Spain ?
SANDYS TO THE MAYOR OF SANDWICH. 555
CCVI. SANDYS TO THE MAYOR OF SANDWICH.
FROM " VIRGINIA AND VIRGINIOLA," BY REV. E. D. NEILL,
187S, PAGE U-
" To the Right Worthie, my very loviiig friends, The Mayor
and Jurates of Sandwich : —
" Gentlemen. — I am required by his Majesties Counsel
for Virginia, to call on you for the twenty five pounds which
long since you promised to adventure with them, towards
the furthering of that plantation. And have received from
them a Bill of adventure under their scale to be delivered
unto you upon paiment of that sum, which Bill I have sent
you^ by M" Parke to be disposed accordingly.
*' I am also in their names very earnestly to pray your fur-
therance towards the furthering of a Lotterie lately granted
to them by his Majestic. The use and nature thereof you
shall perceive by the proclamation concerning it,^ which I
have also sent. And Mr. Mayor of Sandwick is particularly
desired to receive and return such monies as men shall be
disposed to adventure in it, according to such instructions as
are contained in a book,^ sent to you for that purpose : pre-
suming greatly of you affectionate rediness to aid and
advance so worthie an enterj^rise tending so greatly to the
enlargement of the Christian truth, the honor of our nation,
and benefit of English peojjle, as by God's assistance the
sequell in short time will manifest. The example also
hereof, how beneficiall in your best and most needful occa-
sions, it may prove unto yourselves. I know in your wis-
dome you will easily see and consider. So with my very
hartie salutations I commend you to the divine tuition and
rest. Y'^ Very loving friend.
"Edwin Sandys.
" Northborn, 8 Aprile, 1612."
^ 2 ^ These documents are not now " Booke or tliinge ' ' entered at Sta-
preserved among the muniments of tioners' Hall, February 24, 1611.
Sandwich, * or ^ was probably the
556 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCVII. DIGBY TO SALISBURY.
Madrid, April 18, 1612. Sir John Digby to my Lord
Salisbury.
An extract from a letter indorsed : " Touching our Re-
nouncins: the Plantation in Virgfinia."
" It is thought, he [Don Pedro de C'uniga ^] will be
directed, to use many Instances unto his Majesty, for the
Removing of the Plantation in Virginia, and which they
thinke fit first to assay by fayre meanes and Intreaty to his
Majesty, tho' I should be sorry, in the meane tyme, they
should be trusted ; ffor that I know, they have had many
consultations for the supplanting of our men. But I cannot
learne, that there is any particular Resolution taken therein,
but that in generall it is concluded, that our setling there
is not to be permitted."
[Mem. — The deserters of Captain Hudson, after their
return to England in October, 1611, convinced many that
they had found the long looked for and greatly desired
northwest passage, and in April or May, 1612, an expedi-
tion was sent out, consisting of two ships under the command
of Captain Thomas Button, namely, the Resolution, Francis
Nelson, master, and the Discovery, Captain John Ingram,
to explore the said passage and with special instructions to
search for Hudson and his friends. Robert Byleth, one of
those who had deserted him in the summer of 1611, was
sent along to aid in the search. Henry, Prince of Wales,
who took especial interest in Hudson's fate, drew up the
instructions for this expedition.]
1 Zuniga was sent to England at this came to offer the hand of Philip III.
time as ambassador extraordinary, for himself to the Princess Elizabeth of
special purposes. Velaseo was still England. See Gardiner's History of
the resident ambassador. Among England, vol. ii. p. 151.
other pieces of diplomacy, Zuiiiga
EXTRACT FROM THE GROCERS' RECORD. 557
CCVIII. MOORE'S COMMISSION.
April 27, 1612. " A Commission graunted by us the
undertakers for the Plantacon of Somer Islands unto our
welbeloved f rend M"^ Richard Moore and the rest of the men
and mareniers imployed upon the said voyage whome wee
beseeche God to preserve." Commencing : —
" Imprimis. 1. Whereas, we whose names are hereunder
written togfeather with divers others have to the gflorie of
God and good of our Countrye undertaken the Plantacon of
Somer Islands (some times called Bermudaes) " etc.
The document is given in Lefroy's " Memorials of the
Bermudas," vol i. pp. 58-63. Moore was to be governor
for three years. Among his assistants were Mr. George
Keth, preacher of the word, and Mr. Edwin Kendall. The
ship in which he sailed, the Plough, was commanded by
Captain Robert Daviss. They sailed April 28th. Their
seal was " a Scale Ring with Sir Thomas Smythes Amies
engraven."
[Mem. — Howes in his Chronicle says, "In the Spring
of 1612 there were sent to Virginia more supplies [by the
John and Francis and the Sarah ?] besides a particular sup-
ply for the English in the Bermodes."]
CCIX. EXTRACT FROM THE GROCERS' RECORDS.
" Court of Assistants. Grocers Company. Tent die
Mercurii xxix die Aprilis 1612.
" Present : — Sir Stephen Soame, Sir Tho^ Middleton K'\
"M^ Nicholas Stile, M' George BoUes, and M' Richard
Pyott. Aldermen.
" M' Richard Burrell, M-" Robert Morer and M' Wm.
Pennifather, Wardens.
M' Robert Sandy. M' George Holman.
" John Newman. " Hugh Gold.
" Rich*^ Denman. " Robert Cox.
558 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
M"" Humphrey Walcott. M"" Gyles Parslowe.
" Rich*^ Aldworth. " Rob* Bowyer.
" Richard Cox. " Thomas Nutt.
" Anthony Soda. " Roger Gwyn.
" Thomas Longston. " Tho* Westraw.
" This day upon the special motion and request of Sir
Thomas Smyth K* it is consented and agreed that this
Company will adventure £62, 10. for Yi^ lotts in the Lotterye
for Virginia, and that the sayd adventure shall be made by
Wardens with the Comen Goodes of this House and that
the benefitt happening shall be whoUye employed to the use
of this House & Companye." . . .
[Mem. — May 16, 1612, Master Welby entered for publi-
cation at Stationers' Hall, " under the handes of Sir Thomas
Smithe, &c. A publication by his Maiesties Councell of Vii--
ginea, touchinge the deferringe of the Lotterye."
No copy of this pubHcation is known to be in existence.]
CCX. THE NEW LIFE OF VIRGINIA.
May 1, 1612, Master Welby entered at Stationers' Hall
for publication, " under the handes of Sir Thomas Smith,
Sir Dudley Digges, Master Robert Johnson and the War-
dens. The Lotterys best prize, declaring the former suc-
cesse and present estate of Viriginia's Plantation." The
tract is dedicated " to The Right worshipfuU Sir Thomas
Smith," by R. I. It was reprinted by Peter Force, at Wash-
ington, in 1836 [No. 7 in vol. i.] ; and also m vol. viii. 2d
series, Mass. Hist. Collections.
Originals, which are worth about $160 each, are pre-
served in the Library of Congress, of Harvard College, of
John Carter-Brown, and of Mr. Kalbfleisch.
It was published with the following title-page : —
THE NEW LIFE OF VIRGINIA.
559
THE
NEW LIFE
of Virginea:
DECLARING THE
FORMER SVCCESSE AND PRE-
fent eftate of that plantation being the fecond
part of Naua Britannia.
Publifhed by the authoritie of his Maieflies
Counfell of Virginea,
L ND N,
Imprinted by Felix Kyngston for William JVelby^ dwelling at the
figne of the Swan in Pauls Churchyard, i 6 i 2.
560 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULy, 1614.
CCXI. FROM THE MERCERS' RECORDS.
At a court of the Mercers' Company held on May 20,
1612, it was agreed at the request of Sir Thomas Smith,
knight, that the company shoidd adventure £50 in this pres-
ent lottery for Virgmia.
CCXII. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2571, FOLIO 317.
Copy of an extract from a deciphered letter of His Majesty
to Don Alonso de Yelasco, dated Madrid, June 6, 1612.
" I approve of your plan to send to Virginia in the first
vessels that should sail some trustworthy person, who should
brino- a reliable account of how matters stand there — and
as to the matter of Don Roberto Sirley, nothing more is to
be done than to report to me whatever else may present
itself."
CCXIII. VELASCO TO PHILIP IIL
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANACS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2589, FOLIO 50.
Copy of a deciphered letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to
the King of Spain, dated London, June 18, 1612.
" Sire. —
" In order to encourage the settlement of Virginia and to
progress there with a more solid foundation they have
determined here to send and estabHsh a post in the Ber-
muda, for which purpose they are preparing 300 men and
60 women, who will sail certainly during the month of July
in a ship which will also take out whatever is necessary to
erect a fort, where they can secure a better footing and con-
tinue more conveniently in their design.
" God grant " etc.
SIR vVILLIAM HERICKE
FROM THE GROCERS' RECORDS.
561
CCXIV. DIGBY TO CARLETON.
Madrid, June 20, 1612. Digby to Carleton.
..." Thei are very much displeased with our new dis-
coverie of the North-Weste passage ; but more particularly
with our plantation in Virginia. Which thei stick not now
to say, that yf his Majestie will not cause yt to bee recalled,
this King will bee forced by a strong hande to assay ye
removall of yt. And I heare that Don Pedro de Cunega
liathe commission to move his Majestie that his subjects may
desiste from any farther proceeding therein. If hee have,
I doubt not but hee will receive a cold answeare. And for
their doing anything by ye way of hostihtie, I concive thei
will be very slowe to give England (who is very apte to lay
holde on any occasion) so juste a pretence to bee doing with
them."
Under
Wardens of the Misterie of the
Grocerie of the Cittie of London.
CCXV. FROM THE GROCERS' RECORDS.
From Wardens' Accounts, Grocers' Company,
head of " Casual paymentes " in
*^ Th' accompte and Reconing of
Richard Burrell,
Robert Morer,
W" Pennyfather,
From 22. July a. d. 1611 to 20 July 1612.
" Paid to Sir Thomas Smyth K* 23^*^ day of
June 1612 for the Companys adventure for
5 lottes in the presente Lottery for Planta-
tion in Viroinia according- to an order of
Court made 24. April 1612, as by acquit-
tance may appeare."
(■
LXij. X.
[£62 10.]
562 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCXVI. STRACHEY'S VIRGINIA. —I.
Stracliey's " Virginia " — Asbmole MS. 1758.^ Collated
and extracted by G. Parker, Bodleian Library, August 25,
1885.
[£ol. 1.] Tbe^ First Booke of tbe First Decade con-
tayning tbe Historic of Travaile into Virginia
Britania, expressing togitber witb tbe conditions, manners
and Quallities of tbe Inbabitauntes, Tbe CosmogTapbie, &
commodities of tbe Country : obtayned and gatbered by
Wilbam Stracbey gent, tbree yeares tbetber Imployed,
Secretarie unto tbe State, and of Counsell, witb tbe Rigbt
Hono:**^^ tbe Lord La Warre, bis Ma:*'^^ Lord Governour
and Captayne Generall for tbe Colonic./
" Alget, quj non ardet. / W St : /
[fob 2.] ^ " To tbe rigbt wortbie and noble gent, covet-
ous of all knowledge, Sir Allen Apsley Knigbt
Purveyor for His Majesties Navie Roy all.
"Wortby Sir.
" It is common, if not natural! to worldlings, wbere tbings
succeed not according to tbe beat of tbeir large expecta-
tions, not only to fall from tbeir resolutions (in a Busines
1 There are two copies of the MS. ^ xhe Sloane (CCXVII.) title-page
of Strachey's Virginia ; the one in the is somewhat different.
Bodleian Library at Oxford which has ^ There has been some doubt as to
never been printed — from which I am when this treatise was written ; but
now giving these extracts ; the other it seems very evident to me that the
(CCXVII.) in the British Museum, original was written between the date
Sloane Collection, No. 1622, which of Strachey's return from Virginia
was published by the Hakluyt Soci- and July 23, 1612 (before Captain
ety of London, England, in 1849. At Argall sailed for Virginia), and that
the request of Mr. Kingdon of Lon- the Ashmolean copy was presented to
don, Mr. Parker of the Bodleian Li- Sir Allen Apsley before the death of
brary compared the Ashmole MS. 1758 Henry, Prince of Wales (November 6,
with the Hakluyt publication for me, 1612). The original Sloane, evidently
and I have given in this document written about the same time, was
most of the differences of any conse- afterwards presented to Lord Bacon
queuce. The text in each is nearly in 1618 (after July 11), with several
identical. I also had the Sloane MS. alterations in the text, rendered neees-
1622 examined at the Museum. sary by the lapse of time. See note
1, page 565.
STRACHEY'S VIRGINIA. 563
how well-weyed soever in Counsaile, or full o£ fame, honour,
or goodnes,) and first grounds ; but to quarrell all meanes
that gave heart (almost connivaunce) to the setting on :
so testy is the insatiate passioun and that ymmeasurable
hope which will needes convert ytselfe into deluding assur-
aune : as low Hillocks, such are such men, covered with
snow, let the least sunn or Wind give them up naked
though no worse thenn they were, yet the mountannous
Imagynatioun not satisfied turnes into such a Laughter as
mad-men take up, an unkindly and bastard Laughter, lit-
tle different from madnes ytselfe : I confesse I would ever
be free from the fury of such, yet what I can speak of
goodnes I must not be ashamed nor feare, and all good
Angells deceave me, if any Aviso in that, returne the
Reader distraction, or me a chiding : and can my voice be
exalted in any tune more full of pietie and happines tlien^
in the Busines for Virginia ? Which was once a thing so
full of expectaunce (and that not above three years since ^)
as not a yeare of a romain-jubile, no nor the Ethnick-
Queene of Ephesus, can be said to have beene followed
with more heate and zeale ; the discourse and visitatioun of
yt tooke up all meetings, times, termes, all degrees, all
purses, and such throngs and concourse of personall under-
takers, as the aire seemed not to have more Lights thenn
that holie Cause inflamed Spiritts to partake with yt, almost
every religious Subject that stood sound indeed at the
coare within to Loialtie and to the professioun of the present
Faith brought his Free-will-offring, and professed thenn to
throw his bread upoun those waters, however, (alas) now in
these tymes the back and worse face of Janus with the repy-
ning eye, and tongue of slaunder, hath bene turned upoun
yt. When yet yt transcends the Reach of such who both
will and doe understand yt, what rubbish Interpositioun
should so straungely chaunge her former concey ved felicity,
or whie the Plenulune and fulnes of her hopes should suffer
under so many petulent new-Feares, and falce Freinds.
^ This is a reference to the great rush for Virginia in the spring of 1609.
564 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
" I will councell no man?i in the waies of the world, but
where my reasoun may tell me, that I maie advise of prof-
fitt, since interposing hazardes maie meete (there being on
permanent or reall happines under the Sun?i) and thenn
maie I be well assured of hastie and sinister judgment, cen-
sured a partie to the least losse though no Competitour in
any gaine : only yet let me dare to publish to any one that
hath adventured in this sprightly and pious actioun, espe-
cially [fob 2^] to such who have assumed that for their rav-
isht love to faire vertue, that the Former endes and first
motives to the undertaking stand yet. as apparant and prof-
itable as at first, whether be respected a natioun to blesse
with knowledge, a fruictfuU and pleasant country to seat
and settle the swarmes of our ranck multitude, who tast in
this our owne clyme nothing but of Idlenes, Prophannes,
and want ; or wliither be respected a secure and necessary
Retreyt for our manie sliipps, when the insolent Enemy of
those Seas shall at any tyme quarrell us ; or wliither be re-
spected, the commodities and materialls for shipping, so
much exhausted, and so dearely obteyned from the easterly
Countries, as Flax for Cordage, Pitch and Tarr, Pine and
Firre for mastage, &c, or whither be respected the hopes
of the upland-country amongest the mountaynes, we con-
ceave of many sorts of mineralls, fynding alreddy in the
surface and upper crust the sparre of good proufe, and
worthie the expence of Triall ; or lastly whither be re-
spected that more thenn likelyhood of the discovery that
waie, westerly the great and hopefull discent into the mar
del Ziir or South-Sea, of which the late discourse pub-
lished in print by an able and understanding gentleman/i
of Qualitie, of the Nor-West passadge,^ gives so chere and
undoubted Testimonie.
" But worthie S"" I doe forget myself to openn a Book
unto your knowledge which is full of Love and understand-
ing of the true endes of this great action, yet so yt maie be
that these geathered observations thus bungled, bound up,
1 Written by Sir Dudley Digges, see March 11, 1612.
STRACHEY'S VIRCxINIA. 565
and to your view alone intended hy me male fall into such
liandes c>,s male put some doubtes which even this entraunce
may resolve them in, and so begett towards the further
reading hereof a better opinion : Be yt only your honour to
pardoun me the appealing of you from your more serious
affaires to the perusall of these infirme and scatterd collec-
tions, since yf I have offended, the noblenes & Bountie of
your faire Disposicioun (expressed evenn in my knowledge
to manie of my best Freindes) makes me presume that I
cannot (in any actioun, which hath reUsh of virtue and
goodnes) too much challenge or provoak your patience.
" And so not striving to be unnecessarily troublesome I
wish unto you the iust accompUshment of your owne ver-
tuous desires : by him who is truly to you divoted.
" William Strachey.
" ECCLESIAE, ET REIPUB : ffol. 3.1
Wild as they ar, accept them, so were wee :
To make them civil, will our Honour be :
And if good workes, be the effects of myndes,
That like good-angells be, let our Designes,
As we ar Angli, make us angells too :
No better worck, can church, or statesman do.
W. St.
" We call Cape Henry, in honour of our most [fol. 16.]
royall prince.* . . .
" We call Cape Charles in honour of our [fol. 16^.]
princely Duk of York.* . . .
" Yt being the place wherein our aboad and habitatioun
hath now (well neere) six yeares consisted.*
now at that tyme
* These passages were originally "in honour of our^princely^Duk of
written in the same way in the Sloane York." . . . ...
MS. ; but before presentation to Ba- « Our aboad & habitation hath now
con it was necessary to correct them, , ., . V- • ^ i »
J ., "^ • i.1 .. ivrc! (well neere) «i yeares consisted,
and they now appear m that Mb. as'^^^,^ .,., e
o ,y ["I have copied the foregouig
aetly as they occur in the MS. The
rrections are most certainly in a dif-
ferent handwriting from that of the
folio
ws
that our d.cca.ed Bxactly as they occur in the MS. The
" in honour of ^s? most royall.prince." corrections are most certainly in a dif-
566
PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-.1ULY, 16
[fol. 56.] "The^ Second Book of the F.
the Historie of Travaile into Vi
expressing the severall voyages, and Coloni'^
these partes of America, now by us inti
whose Chardges first undertaken, an'
therein imployed, with what their s
adventures ; gathered by William Str
" Alget, qui non ardet." /
" Wee seek not yours, but you :
" Res nostrae sub inde non su
quales esse possunt.' /
i
.la,
into
iia, at
ptaines
dlKes &
&c./
s optaret, sed
"W. St.
[fol. 57.] «CaT.. T
" A collection, necessarily the most
matteriall perticulers, of evury oevervtii Colonic, & voyage
addressed by the English ' -mj tym^, into these partes of
America which hath gotten tii;» Donjmination of Virginia. /
" Whether that ever famous Ge^ioese Christopher Colum-
bus," etc. [about as in the Hakluyt volume ; but with the
marginal note, " Of the first finders out of Virginia, the
Captaynes thether Imployed, & by whom," etc.]
CCXVI. has also the following introduction to the
" Dictionary of the Indian Language," which is not given
in CCXVII. (See Hakluyt Society volume for 1849, pp.
181-196.)
text, and are written by the same per-
son who added the marginal notes ;
but possibly these corrections were
made at a later day by the original
writer of the MS." E. Salmon, Brit.
Mus. April 17, 1884.]
^ The Sloane title is different
(CCXVII.).
^ These same mottoes were used by
Strachey on the title-page of Lawes
Divine, Morall and Martiall, etc.
(CXC). The Sloane motto is the
same on both title-pages ; namely :
Psalm cii. ver. 18.
The Prsemonition to the reader, of
about 7,000 words, defends the enter-
prise against the claims of Spain,
etc. The first book, containing about
35,000 words, is mainly descriptive ;
but it also gives something of events
in Virginia from April, 1G07, to about
August, 1611. Tlie second book, con-
taining about 14,000 words, goes over
American discoveries, etc., from 1492
to 1606, and then gives an account of
the Northern Colony (1607-8) nearly
as in XXXVI. Then there is a Dic-
tionarie of the Indian Language, The
second book was published in Mass.
Hist. Soc. Coll. 4th series, vol. i. 1852.
STRACHEY'S VIRGINIA. 567
" A Short Dictionary, added unto the former Discourses,
of the Indian Language, used within the Chessiopioch Bay ;
more perticiderly about the Tract and amongst the Inhabi-
taunts of the first River, called by them Powhaton, and by
us, the Kings River, wherin as yet our Townes, and Fortes,
ar seated. By which, such who shall be Imployed thether
may know the readyer how to confer, and how to truck and
Trade with the People."
CCXVII. STRACHEY'S VIRGINIA. — II.
The Strachey MS. in the Sloane Collection, No. 1G22,
already referred to in my notes on CCXVI., was published
by the Hakluyt Society of London in 1849, to which pub-
lication the reader is referred.
The following are the title-pages of the two books : —
''The First Booke of The Historic of Travaile into Vir-
ginia Britannia, expressing The Cosmographie and Como-
dities of The Country, Togither with the Manners And
Customes of The People : — Gathered And Observed As
Well By Those who went First Thither, As Collected By
William Strachey, gent., Three yeares thither Imployed
secretarie of State, And of Counsaile with the Right Hon-
orable The Lord La-Warre, His Majesties Lord Governor
and Capt. Generall of The Colony. Psalm. CII. Ver. 18.
This shalbe written for the generation to come : and The
people which shalbe created shall praise the Lord."
" The Second Book of The First Decade of The Historic
of Travaile into Virginia-Britannia, entreating of the First
Discoverie of The Country, and of the first Colonic, Trans-
ported by Sir Richard Greenville, Knight, upon the Island
of Roanoak, at the Expence and charge of Sir Walter Ral-
eigh, knight.
" As also of the Northern Colonic, seated upon the River
of Sachadehoc, Transported Anno 1585, [1607 ?], at the
charge of Sir John Popham, Knight, Late Lord Chiefe
Justice of England, gathered by William Strachey, gent.
568 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
" Psalm CII, Ver. 18. This shalbe written for the gen-
eration to come ; and the people which shalbe created shall
praise the Lord."
I think Straehey refers to this compilation in his prose
preface to CXC, where he promises in the course of time to
submit to the views of "The Committies," etc., " The full
Star ley ^ both of Virginia and the Bermudas. He evidently
planned a large work, but whether his plan was carried out
or not is uncertain. Only the manuscript of the first and
second books of the first decade has been found. It was
evidently a personal venture, and Straehey certainly met
with no encouragement in publishing such a work at this
time, from The Committies of the Company, and after sev-
eral trials he failed to find a patron elsewhere. We know
but little of Straehey ; his command of language seems to
me very striking, and his initials, W. S., are the most inter-
esting of the period.
CCXVIII. FROM STOWS CHRONICLE.
" The 29. of June 1612 [at the West end of Saint Paules
Church] began a great Lottery in London, the greatest Lot
or prize was a thousand pound in plate." — Stow's Chroni-
cle abridged by Howes.
The following^ relates to one of the first lotteries which I
have found mentioned in English history : —
" A great Lotterie being holden at London in Paules
Church yard, at the West doore was begun to be drawne the
11. of Januarie and continued day and night till the V^ of
May 1569, when the said drawing was fully ended. The
prizes consisted of plate, and the profits were appropriated
to the repair of the sea-ports." The troubles with Spain
were then brewing over the Hawkins incident at Vera Cruz,
etc.
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. 569
CCXIX. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
Chamberlain to Carleton, July 9, 1612.
" My very goode Lorde : the Spanish ambassador, Don
Pedro de Cuniga marques de villa Flores had his first audi-
ence on Sonday last at Hampton court, wherin he was very
short and in a manner did only shew his letters of credence,
referring the rest of his message to a more private hearing :
which is appointed him tomorrow at Whitehall, whether the
K. comes this day for that purpose, having past all this
weeke at Windsor and therabout. The K. makes haste to
dispatch him, and when he hath heard what he can say,
meanes to invite him to Tiballs [Theobalds] and feast him
there on Sonday, and so to dismisse him.
" I have yt from a goode hand that besides matter of
ceremonie and acquainting the K. with the reasons of these
late contracts with Fraunce a principall part of his errand
is to cleere him self e of some imputations laide upon him by
the Lord Treasurer [Cecil] about the powder treason, and
to have cried quittance with him (yf he had ben alive) in
accusing him of some unwarrantable practises. He lies at
the Ambassador lidgers^ house, refusing to be lodged or
defrayed by the King because he understoode his entertain-
ment was not like to be aunswerable in every point to that
of the D. of Buillon. Yt is generally looked for that he
will expostulate about our planting in Virginia, wherin
there will need no great contestation, seeing yt is to be
feared that that action will fall to the ground of ytself, by
the extreem beastly ydlenes of our nation, which (notwith-
standing any cost or diligence used to support them) will
rather die and starve then be brought to any labor or Indus-
trie to maintain themselves, two or three of the last ships
that came thence bring nothing but discomfort, and that
Sir Thomas Gates and Sir Thomas Dale are quite out of
hart, and to mend the matter not past five days since here
^ Velasco.
570 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
arrived a sliip^ with ten men, (who being sent foorth to fish
for theyre releife and having taken great store) have given
them the sHp and run away, and fill the towne with yll
reports, which will hinder that business more then the Lot-
terie or any other art they can use for the present will fur-
ther yt. and yet they have taken goode order to have these
runaways apprehended and punished or at least sent backs
again. . . .
" From London this 9*^ of July 1612.
" Your Lordships to command
" John Chamberlaine."
CCXX. THE LOTTERY DRAWING.
" The King's Majestie in special favor for the present
plantation of Eng-lish Collonies in Virgfinia,
A Lottery. ^ ° , . fe> '
granted a liberall Lottery, in which was con-
tained five thousand pound in prizes certayne, besides re-
T. ,. .1 wardes of casualtie and beo^an to be drawne, in a
It began the _ " "^
29. of June new built house at the West end of Paul's the 29.
the 20. of of June 1612 ; But of which Lottery, for want
^^' of filling uppe the number of lots, there were
then taken out and throwne away three score thousande
blanckes, without abating of any one prize -, and by the
twenteth of July, all was drawne and finished. This Lot-
tery was so plainely carryed and honestly performed that it
gave full satisfaction to all persons. Thomas Sharplisse, a
Taylor of London, had the chiefe prize, viz ; foure thou-
sand crownes in fayre plate, which was sent to his house in
very stately manner, during the whole tyme of drawing of
^ The Trial, I suppose, which ship England to displant the French CoUo-
had arrived in Virginia in August, nie there, the which as I after heard
1611, and probably remained there was Valliantly performed." See " A
until Percy returned in her for Eng- Trewe Relacyon of the procedeinges
land, April 22, 1612, and after a long and ocurentes of momeute which have
and dangerous voyage " anchored in hapened in Virginia . . . 1609 untill
Dover Roade where we did mete with . . . 1612," by George Percy, writ-
s' Samuell Argall bownde for New ten about 1626.
SIR HENRY HOBART
Chief Justice
RECORDS OF ST. MARY, COLECHURCH 571
this Lottery, tliere was alwaies present divers worsliipfuU
Knights and Esquiers accompanied with sundry grave dis-
creet Cittizens." — Howes' Chronicle, edition of 1615. See
CCXVIII. also.
" A Lottery granted for the Plantation of Virginia,
1612.
" About this time [June, 1612] the King, in special
favour to the present plantation of the English Colonies in
Virginia, granted a Lottery, to be held at the West-end of
Paul's whereof one Thomas Sharplys a Taylor of London,
had the chief prize, which was four thousand crowns in fair
plate." — Baker's Chronicles.
" One byrcle in the hande is worth two in the woode
If we get the great lot, it will do us goode."
July 2, 1612. "Master Welby, entered at Stationer's
Hall for publication. Under the hands of Sir Thomas
Smithe — A booke called, The Lottery for Virginea opened
the xxix*^ of June 1612, declaringe the names of suche as
have prices or rewardes."
July 17. " Master Welbye entred for his copy in full
courte holden this day, and under the hand of Sir Thomas
Smithe, Knighte.
" The Articles sett downe for the Second Lottery." —
From the Register of the Stationers.
No copies of these two publications, I believe, are now
known to be in existence.
CCXXI. RECORDS OF ST. MARY, COLECHURCH.
Extract from the vestry minutes of the Church of St.
Mary, Colechurch, "which anciently stood on the north
side of the Poultry, at the South-West Corner of the Old
Jewry, London, England. It was destroyed by the Great
Fire, a. d. 1666."
'' Att A vestry Houlden the vij*^ daye of June 1612 it is
279509
572 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
agreed to adventur sixe pounde of the proffitt of our
churclie stocke in the lottrey for the plantacion of Vergenya
and what benifitt shall hapen thereby shalbe for the good
of our church."
After which is written : —
" For this adventure above written our church had twoe
sjwnes price twentye shillinge as apereth in the accoumpt
of Edward Draper then Elder Church Warden."
CCXXII.
Extract from the Churchwarden's book of St. Mary,
Woolchurch Hawe, 1612—13 : " Received from the lottery
for 50 lotts which was by order of the parish to be drawn
in twelve penny lotts. <£0. 10s. Od."
CCXXIIT. FLORES (ZUNIGA) TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2589, FOLIO 61.
Copy of a deciphered letter of the Marquess of Flores to the
King of Spain, dated London, August 1, 1612. Received
August 18 (8).
" Sire. —
" A ship has arrived here from Viginia, and altho' the
well-informed and others think that that business does not
grow, but rather continues to diminish ; I have been told
by a friend, who tells me the truth, that some of the people
who have gone there, think now some of them should marry
the women of the savages of that country ; and he tells me
that there are already 40 or 50 thus married, and other Eng-
lishmen after being put among them have become savages,
and that the women whom they took out, have also gone
among the savages, and they have received and treated them
well — that a zealous minister of their sect was seriously
wounded in many places, because he reprehended them.
" They have estabUshed a lottery from which they will
CHARTER OF THE N. W. P. COMPANY. 573
obtain sixty thousand ducats, and by these means they will
dispatch six ships, with as many people as they can get by
such pretexts.
" In this beginning it will be easy to drive those people
out from there, and the not punishing hereof is the cause
why they so boldly attempt other things, and Y. M. will see
this, because already they have houses and begin another
Colony in Newfoundland, in those regions where they have
their fisheries. Now is a very favorable time for their pun-
ishment, because if it is done, they will see that Y. M. will
not proceed with them altogether by demands (requests,
petition &c) which has only made them more haughty than
they could hope, if relying upon their own strength alone.
" God preserve Y. M." etc.
[Mem. — Captain Samuel Argall in the Treasurer was
" dispatched with Commission to displace the French, who
had taken the opportunitie to settle themselves within our
limits." . . . See " A Briefe Relation of the Discoverie and
Plantation of New-England . . . 1607 ... to the present
year 1622," and Mr. Neill's preface to " Virginia Vetusta,"
p. x. Argall's commission, I fear, is now lost. He sailed
some time before the 23d of July, 1612, on which day " he
departed from the coast of England."]
CCXXIV. CHARTER OF THE N. W. P. COMPANY.
SAINSBURY'S CALENDAR OF STATE PAPERS, COLONIAL,
EAST INDIES, 1513-1616, NUMBER 616.
Bletsoe, July 26, 1612. Grant incorporating the North
West Passage Company.
The grant recites that in Hudson's voyage, April, 1610, to
October, 1611, they had found a strait or narrow sea by
which they hope and purpose to advance a trade to the great
kingdoms of Tartary, China, Japan, Solomon's Islands, Chili,
the Philippines, and other countries, for the better accom-
plishment and discovery of which they have sued for license
574 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
to be incorporated into a company. " In regard, it is an
enterprize tending to so worthy an end, and which now at
last after many proofs hath obtained so happy and Hkely a
beginning, we have thought of some extraordinary means to
grace and honour the same ; " and do constitute " our dear
son [Prince Henry] immediately under ourselves (whose pro-
tection is universal) supreme protector of the discovery and
company," and 22 peers, three sons of peers, 36 knights,
one lady, 38 esquires, and 188 merchants, etc., a body corpo-
rate and politic by the name of the " Governor and Company
of the Merchants of London, discoverers of the North- West
Passage." Sir Thomas Smythe, Sir Dudley Diggs, and John
Wolstenholme having been the first movers and principal
instruments of setting forth ships to sea for accomplishing
the discovery. Sir Thomas Smythe is appointed first gov-
ernor. Sir Robert Mansell, Sir Ja^ Lancaster, Sir Dudley
Diggs, Wm. Cockayne, Fra^ Jones alderman, John Wol-
stenholme Esq., Wm. Greenwell, John Eldred, Nic Leate,
Nic. Salter, Robt. Offley, Hewett Stapers, William Russell,
Ric. Wyche, Raphe Freeman, Wm. Stone, Rob* Middleton,
Wm. Harrison, Morris Abbott, Humfrey Hanforde, Philip
Burlamachi, Abrah. Chamberlain, Rob* Bell, and Wm. Bur-
rell, merchants, the first twenty-four committees and direc-
I tors. This Company was " to enjoy forever the whole entire
and only trade into the North West passage, and unto the
lands, territories, and dominions aforesaid," — i. e., the
northern parts of America — and " unto the very territories
of Tartaria, China, Japan, Coray, &c." Most of the incor-
porators of this company were also members of the East
India, the Muscovy, and the Virginia companies of London.
FLORES (ZU5riGA) TO PHILIP III. 575
CCXXV. FLORES (ZUNIGA) TO PHILIP IIL
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2589, FOLIO 67.
Copy of an original letter o£ the Marquess de Floras to the
Kmg of Spain, dated August 16, 1612.
" Sire. —
" I reported to Y. M. that they have obtained from a lot-
tery sixty thousand ducats for Virginia matters ; now per-
mission has been granted for another lottery worth 120.000
ducats, and they will make great haste to finish it and will
send more than two thousand men to that country, because
they msli to make another fortification on the river below.
In order to get the footing there, which they desire to
obtain, they wiU sell their own children, to put the Colony
into the best possible condition, which even the well-in-
formed cannot deny !
" Don Alonso de Velasco has been told that it is an object
of ridicule (a laughing stock, a shame), that this business
will never come to bear fruit in any way, for this Kingdom.
I myself have been assured by friends, that in their ojjinion,
they will very soon open the port and let them go out to sea
as pirates. This is a very shameless (highhanded) matter,
as I have already told Y. M. ; and if Y. M, will command
them to leave that country at this time, it will appear to
them as if it had been most courteously done ; because if
they should be broken to pieces, they have no right to com-
plain of it. — the whole thing is building up stones without
any foundation [castles in the air]."
" Our Lord preserve the Catholic Person of Y. M. as all
Christendom feels the need. London. Aug* 16. 1612.
" The Marques de Flores."
576 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCXXVI. PURCHAS HIS PILGRIMAGE.
August 7, 1612, there was entered at Stationers' Hall,
for publication, " Purchas his Pilgrimage, or Relations of
The World and the Religions observed in all Ages and
places Discovered, from the Creation unto this Present. In
Foure Partes. This first contayning a Theologicall and
Geographicall Historie of Asia, Africa and America, with
the Hands adjacent. Declaring the ancient Religions before
the Floud, the Heathenish, Jewish, and Saracenicall in all
Ages since, in those parts professed, with their severaU
opinions. Idols, Oracles, Temples, Priests, Fasts, Feasts,
sacrifices, and Rites Religious : Their beginnings, Proceed-
ings, Alterations, Sects, Orders and Successions.
" With briefe Descriptions of The Countries, Nations,
States, Discoveries : Private and publike Customs, and the
most remarkable Rarities of Nature, or Humane Industrie,
in the same "... " By Samuel Purchas, Minister at Est-
wood in Essex. Unus Deus, una Veritas. London. Printed
by William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone . . . 1613."
Dedicated to George, Archbishop of Canterbury.
The preface is dated November 5, 1612, and the work
probably issued from the press soon after. There was a
second edition in 1614, a third, " much enlarged with
Additions through the whole Worke," in 1617, and a
fourth in 1626, which latter edition generally accompanies
" Purchas his Pilgrimes " as a fifth volume.
In the edition of 1614, Purchas gives probably 1,000
words regarding the Northern Colony, apparently compiled
from the writings of Christopher Fortescue, Thomas Hanham,
James Davies, John Eliot, George Popham, " Let[ter] to
S[ir] J. Gilbert and E. S[eymour]," Ralegh Gilbert, and
Edward Ilarley.
About 2,500 words regarding the Southern Colony,
chiefly compiled from CCXLV., but with several extracts
from CLXXI. and CCX. ; and with reference also to XLIX.
and CCXXX. He evidently gives us only what met his
DIGBY TO JAMES I. 577
own approbation and, therefore, only his own opinions. He
then gives about 8,000 words describing the country, people,
religious rites, etc., the marvelous always preferred.
CCXXVII. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
August 21, 1612. Madrid. Digby to James I.
" I have formerly advertised your Majestie of a report
come unto Sevill that three or foure of this Kings Galleons
should be cast away upon the Coast of Florida, which went
forth with an intent to have attempted somewhat against
the Enoflish Plantation in Virg-inea. But thouoh this newes
be not absolutely contradicted, yet I can learne so smale
grownde for the report therof, that I can conceave it to be
likelyer to be untrue then otherwise."
CCXXVIII. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
September 1, 1612. Madrid. Digbye to James I.
..." Has endeavoured to inform himself of the reasons
for the stay of Don Pedro de Cunega in England being
longer than His Majesty expected. That when he was sent
from hence he had three businesses in which he was in-
structed to carry himself according to the state he should
find them in at his coming thither. . . . His second busi-
ness was concerning Virginea ; in which he was likewise not
to make any proposition unto your Majestie, but upon sec-
ond directions from hence, when he should have learned and
advertised, what Your Majesties inclination Avas and what
your answer was like to be, for that in case he should per-
ceave that your Majestie was not likely to give way to that
which by this King should be propounded, he should avoyd
the having of a peremptory negative given unto his Master."
[Mem. — A ship which left Virginia after the 28th of July
arrived in England some time in September, it seems, bring-
ing Whitaker's letter (CCXXIX.) and book (CCXXX.), and
other documents unknown.
578 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
No news from Virginia was received in England from the
date of the arrival of this ship (probably the John and
Francis or the Sarah), about September, 1612, until the
arrival of the EHzabeth on the 20th of July, 1613. And
this period was the darkest hour " m all that time of three
years disaster."]
CCXXIX. WHITAKER TO SIR THOMAS SMYTHE.
Neither of the following has ever been published in Amer-
ica, I believe. I can only give extended extracts from
CCXXX., as it is too long to publish entire. The fact that
it was written in Virginia gives it an additional interest. I
quote from the book as pubUshed later (CCLVIII.) noting
the page extracted from.
" To the Right Worshipfull Sir Thomas Smith, Knight,
Treasurer of the English Colonic in Virginia : Grace and
Peace be multipUed.
" Right worshipfull, the noblest attemps have alwaies had
the most doubtfull beginnings, most dangerous enemies.
For wheresoever any goodnesse shall begin to bud forth,
the Divell will labour by all meanes to nip it in the head.
Wherefore, I doe not marvell though there have been great
discouragements, and many adversaries of this Plantation.
For the Divell knomng that where Christ wins, he loseth,
doth with all his might and policie hinder the publishing,
and propagation of the Gospell. Such was his practise to
discourage the Israelites from the conquest of Canaan, rais-
ing up ten of their owne Princes, that weakened the hand
of their brethren. By his meanes also there stood up some
of the Disciples that spake against Peter, for preaching the
Gospell to the Gentiles. Yea, God himselfe of purpose suf-
fers the divell to rage thus for a while, that those that are
his mijrht bee tried. And this hath been the case hitherto
of this godly Plantation, this the successe. But since the
affairs of this Colony have now taken better footing and are
WHITAKER'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA. 579
advanced by the lielpes of so many honorable Adventurers,
I was greatly emboldened to write these few lines of Exhor-
tation, to encourage the noble Spirits of so many worthy men,
to goe forward in Wel-doing, wherefore (honored Sii-) since
all the dispatches of our affaires passes through your hand, I
request of you to accept of my poore endeavoui's, and to pub-
lish it to the view of our Adventurers that the prejudicate
opinion of some, and the disheartened mind of others may be
reformed. The God of heaven and earth crowne your un-
danted spirit with his heavenly reward. And Let the beautie
of the Lord our God be upon us : and direct thou the workes
of our hands upon us, even direct thou our handie workes.
" From Henrico, this 28. of Jidy 1612.
" Pie that daily prayeth for the prosperitie of this Plan-
tation. Alexander Whitaker."
CCXXX. WHITAKER'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA.
" Good Newes From Virginia. [p. 1.]
Text. " Ecclesiastes 11. 1. Cast Thy bread upon the
Waters : for after many daies thou shalt finde it.
" Aude hospes contemnere opes & te quoque dignum
Fingfe Deo.
" Be bould my Hearers to contemme riches, and frame
yourselves to walke worthie of God ; for none other be w^or-
thie of God, but those that lightly esteeme of riches. Na-
kednesse is the riches of nature ; vertue is the only thing-
that makes us rich and honourable in the eyes of wise men.
Povertie is a thing which most men feare, and covetous men
cannot endure to behold : yet povertie with a contented
mind is great riches : hee truly is the onely poore man, not
that hath little, but which continually desireth more.
Riches (as they are esteemed) have no hmits, but still crie,
plus ultra, still more. Neither is any man absolutely rich,
but in comparison of a poorer man, of one (I meane) that hath
lesse then he : for if he make diligent enquirie, he may finde
580 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
divers richer then himselfe : if riches of gold and the like,
had bin such as the world doth esteeme them, it is not likely
that Jesus Christ would have taken so poore a state upon him :
when we esteeme them at the best, they are but an heavy
burthen to some, an IdoU to others, and profitable to few."
He continues in the same line (pp. 1-4). On the fourth
page of his discourse, referring to his text, he says, " The
words naturally divide themselves into two principal parts.
A Commandment to be Liberall and Charitable : and a
promise of reward, which hereafter we shall find. The
Commandment also containeth in it five points, touching
the doctrine of Liberalitie.
*^ 1. The dutie to be performed, Cast thy bread : be lib-
erall to all.
" 2. The manner of bestowing our almes, by casting it
away.
" 3. What is to be given, Bread ; all things needfuU, yea,
and of the best kind.
'^ 4. Who may be liberall : even those that have it : Thy
bread, it must be thine owne.
"5. To whom we must be liberall ; to all, yea, to the
Waters.
" First, we wil briefly speake of the five points of this
Commandment as they lie in order ; and then directly come
unto the Promise more particularly. The enjoyned dutie is
Liberalitie, which sometimes is termed almes : sometimes is
more largely used for all Kind of good workes, and very often
is signified by the names of Charitie and Brotherly love," etc.
On pp. 4 to 8, he continues his discourse on the first point,
The Duty.
On pp. 8 to 14, on the second point, ^' the manner." For
this he lays down five rules : " First, that we give in faith ; "
second, " in love ; " third, " bountifully and with a cheerfuU
minde ; " fourth, " with discretion," and " the last rule of
giving is, that we give in Justice."
On pp. 14 to 17 he discourses on " thirdly what is to be
given " . . . " according to the several necessities of those
HENRY HOWARD
First Earl nf Northamptnu
WHITAKEll'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA. 581
that want. The wants of men bee divers ; some are of
the minde, some of the bodie, and some be of the outward
goods."
On pp. 17 to 19, on fourthly, " Who may properlie give
almes, which may easihe be determined, if we consider the
divers kinds of good workes which wee have now kitely
rehearsed. For hee that is not able to bee liberall in one
kinde may be fit for another." . . .
" And remember the poore estate of the igno- [p. 18.]
rant inhabitants of Virginia. Cast forth your
almes (my brethren of England) and extend your liberality
on these charitable workes, which God hath called you to
performe. Let not the servants of superstition,
that tliinke to merit by their good workes (as [p. 19.]
they terme them) goe beyond us in well doing ;
neither let them be able to open their mouths against us,
and to condemne the religion of oiu^ Protestation, for want
of charitable deeds.
" It may bee some men will say the worke is great, I am
not able to relieve it ; I answer the work is such and such
order is now taken, that those that cannot give much, may
be liberall in a little. Those that cannot helj)e in monies
by reason of their poverty, may venture their persons hither,
and lieere not only serve God, but helpe also these poore
Indians, and build a sure foundation for themselves, but if
you can do neither of these, then send your earnest prayers
to God for the prosperity of this worke."
On pp. 19 to 28 he dwells on the fifth point, " To whome
we are to bee liberall." Under this heading he says, on p.
21 : " Wherfore, since God hath opened the doore of Vir-
ginia, to our Countrey of England, we are to thinke that
God hath, as it were, by word of mouth called us in, to
bestow our severall charity on them." He then goes on
(pp. 21 to 28) to make an earnest appeal in behalf of the
enterprise ; and the Apostle does not forget to send from
Henrico, in Virginia, to the men of means in (pp. 24-28)
England, a fervent prayer in behalf of the Indians, " the
582 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
naked slaves of the divell." Mr. Neill, in his " Virginia
Company of London," pp. 78-81, has made some extracts
from Whitaker's discourse on the fifth point.
Pages 28 to 44 he devotes to " the promise more partic-
ularly " — " For after many days thou shalt find it." — He
prepares the way with a scriptural discourse, and then makes
his point : '' Let then your liberall minds (you
[p. 32.] honorable and charitable Adventm-ers of Virginia)
be stirred up to cast your almes on the waters of
Virginia, without hope of present profit. . . . The husband-
man casting his seed into the earth, waiteth upon God untill
Harvest for a fruitful crop. . . . God will not yet reward
you, that he may make you more famous in the world. . . .
The worke is honourable, and now more then ever, sustained
by most honorable men. let us not then be weary of
well-doing : fortie yeares were expired, before Israel could
plant in Canaan, and yet God had called them by the word
of his mouth, had led them himself e by an high
[p. 33.] hand. . . . Shall our Nation, hitherto famous for
noble attempts, and the honorable finishing of
what they have undertaken, be now taxed for inconstancie,
and blamed by the enemies of our protestation, for unchari-
tableness? Yea, shall we be a scorne among Princes, and
a laughing stocke among our neighbour Nations, for basely
leaving what we honorably began ; yea, for beginning a
Discoverie, which riches other men shall gather, so soone as
we have forsaken it ? Awake you true hearted Englishmen,
you servants of Jesus Christ, remember that the Plantation
is Gods, and the reward your countries."
He then goes on to strengthen his position (pp. 34—35)
with scriptural illustrations ; and then tells of the various
rewards of faith, of love, " the [p. 36] meanes to helpe our
soules forward in their passage to heaven," of good works,
etc.
" Thus shall the Lord abundantly reward our soules for
our liberalitie, and many waies more besides if we bee truly
charitable. But the bountie of God would have us to tast
WHITAKER'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA. 583
of some temporall blessings besides, and after a [p, 37.]
few daies, if we be cheeref uU givers, returne a plen-
tiful! reward home unto us. Wherefore that I mio;ht con-
tent the longing minds of every man, I thought it fit in
the last place to recite a few commodities which in short
time we may finde here in Virginia, for the charitie bestowed
in this Plantation.
^ " The whole Continent of Virg-inia situate within the
degrees of 34. and 47. is a place beautified by God, with all
the ornaments of nature, and enriched with his earthly
treasures : that part of it, which we already possesse, begin-
ning at the Bay of Chesapheac, and stretching itselfe in
Northerly latitude to the degrees of 39. and 40. is interlined
with seven most goodly Rivers, the least whereof is equall
to our River of Thames : " etc. He describes the location
and convenience of these rivers, etc.
" The River which we inhabit (commonly called [p. 38.]
Powhatans River) ebbeth and floweth 140. miles
into the maine ; at the mouth whereof are the two Forts
of Henrico and Charles : 42 miles upwards is the first and
mother Christian towne seated, called James-Towne, and 70.
miles beyond that upwards is the new towne of Henrico buUt,
and so named in the memorie of the Noble Prince Henry
of lasting and blessed memorie : ^ tenne miles beyond this
Towne is a place called the Fals, because the River hath
there a great descent falling downe betweene many mineral
Rocks which bee there: twelve miles farther beyond this
place there is a Christall Rocke wherewith the Indians doe
head many of their arrowes : Three dayes journey from
thence there is a rocke or stonie hill ^ found, which is in the
1 The Narration of the Present State ^ The day's journey is indefinite.
af that Countrey, and our Colonies there, The English, probably about fifteen
mentioned on the published title-page miles, the Indian, much farther. This
(see CCLVIII.) begins here and con- mine is said to have been found by a
tinues to the end. Dutcliman. The locality was in what
^ Crashaw evidently revised this is now known as the eastern gold belt
before publication, as Whitaker could of Virginia. We are again giving
not have known of the death of Prince proper attention to our minerals in
Henry when he wrote. Virginia.
584 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
top covered all over with a perfect and most rich silver oare.
Our men that went to discover those parts had but two iron
pickaxes with them, and those so ill tempered that the
points of them turned againe and bowed at every stroake,
so that wee could not search the entrailes of ye place, yet
some triall was made of that oare with good successe, and
argument of much hope. Sixe daies journey beyond this
Mine a ofreat rido^e of liiofh hils ^ doe runne along; the maine
land, not farre from whom the Indians report a great Sea
doth runne, which we commonly call a South Sea, but in
respect of our habitation is a West Sea, for there the sunne
setteth from us. The higher ground is much like unto the
molde of France, clay and sand being proportionably mixed
together at the top ; but if we digge any depth (as
[p. 39.] wee have done for our bricks) wee finde it to bee
redde clay, full of glistering spangles. There bee
many rockie places in all quarters ; and more than probable
likehehoods of rich Mines of all sorts : though I kncAv all, yet
it were not convenient at this time that I should utter all,
neither have we had meanes to search for anything as wee
ought, thorough present want of men, and former wants of
provision for the belly. As for Iron, Steele, Antimonium,
and Terra sigillata, they have rather offered themselves to
our eyes and hands, then bin sought for of us. The aire of
the Countrey (especially about Henrico and upward) is very
temperate and agreeth v/ell with our bodies. The extremitie
of Sommer is not so hot as Spaine, nor the colde of Winter
so sharpe as the frosts of England. The Spring and Har-
vest are the two longest seasons and most pleasant, the
Summer and Winter are both but short : The Winter is for
the most part drie and faire, but the Summer watered often
with many great and suddaine shewers of raine ; whereby
the cold of Winter is warmed, and the heate of Summer
cooled. . . .
^ The Appalachian system, in a miles ; but Whitaker's day's journey
direct line, is about 100 miles from the probably applied to the devious route
falls, westward — 12 miles -\- 3 days' of the Indians,
journey -|- 6 days' journey = say, 150
"WHITAKER'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA. 585
" The naturall people of the Land are to be [p. 40.]
feared of those that come upon them without defen-
sive Armour, but otherwise faint-hearted (if they see their
Arrowes cannot pearce) and easie to be subdued. Shirts of
Male, or quilted cotton coates are the best defence against
them. There is but one or two of their pettie Kings, that
for feare of us have desired our friendship. . . . Our eldest
friends bee Pipsco and Choapoke, who are our over thwart
neighbors at James-Towue, and have been friendly to us in
oiu* great want. The other is the Werewance of Chescheak^
who but lately traded Avith us peaceably. If we were once
the masters of their Countrey, and they stood in feare of us
(which might with few hands imployed about nothing else,
be in short time brought to passe) it were an easie matter to
make them willingly to forsake the divell, to embrace the
faith of Jesus Christ, and to be baptized. Besides, you can-
not easihe judge how much they would be availeable to us in
our discoveries of the Countrey, in our buildings and plant-
ings, and quiet provisions for ourselves, when we may peace
ably passe from place to place without neede of amies or
guarde.
" The meanes for our people to Uve and subsist [p. 41.]
here of themselves are many and most certaine
both for Beasts, Birds, Fish and Hearbes. The beasts of
the countrey are for the most part wilde : as Lions, Beares,
Wolves and Deare : Foxes blacke and red, Rakowns, Be-
vers, Possowns, Squerrels, Wilde-Cats, whose skinnes are of
great price, and Muske-Rats which yeelde Muske as the
Muske-Cats doe. There be two kindes of beasts amongst
these most strange : one of them is the female Possown,
which will let forth her young out of her bellie and take
them up into her bellie againe at her pleasure without hurt
to herselfe, neither think this to be a Travellers tale,^ but
' Doubtless the people In England traits has created in Virginia a new
heard many " a traveler's tale " from word, nearly allied to "a traveler's
Virginia; but the "Possown" (opos- tale," namely, "possuming," i. e., de-
sum) is a curious animal, one of whose ceiving.
586 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
the very truth ; for nature hath framed her fit for that
Service, my eyes have been witnes unto it, and we have sent
of them and their young ones into England. The other
strange conditioned creature is the flying squirrell, which
through the helpe of certaine broad flaps of skin growing on
each side of her forelegs, will flie from tree to tree 20. or 30.
paces at one flight and more, if we have the benefit of a
small breath of winde. Besides these, since our coming
hither, wee have brought both Kine, Goats and Hogges,
which prosper well, and would multiplie exceedingly if they
might be provided for. This countrey besides is replenished
with birds of al sorts which have bin the best sustenance of
flesh, which our men have had since they came ; also Eagels,
and Hawkes of all sorts, amongst whom are Ausprech, fish-
ing Hawke, and the Cormorant. The woods be every where
ful of wilde Turkies which abound, and will runne
[p. 42.] as swift as a Grey-hound. In Winter our fields be
full of Cranes, Herons, Pigeons, Partridges and
Blackbirds : the rivers and creekes bee over spread every-
where with water-foule of the greatest and least sort, as
Swans, flocks of Geese & Brants, Duck and Mallard, Shel-
drakes, Dyvers, &c. besides many other kinds of rare and
delectable birds, whose names and natures I cannot yet
recite, but we want the means to take them. The Rivers
abound with Fish both small and great : the sea Fish come
into our Rivers in March and continue untill the end of
September : great seniles of Herings come in first : shads of
a great bignesse, and the Rock-fish follow them. Trouts,
Base, Flounders, and other daintie fish come in before the
others be gone : then come multitudes of great sturgeons,
whereof we catch many, and should do more ; but that we
want good nets answerable to the breadth and deapth of our
Rivers : besides our channels are so foule in the bottom with
great logs and trees, that we often break our nets upon
them : I cannot reckon nor give proper names to the divers
kinds of fresh fish in our rivers ; I have caught with mine
angle, Pike, Carpe, Eele, Perches of sixe severall kindes,
WHITAKER'S GOOD NEWS FROM VIRGINIA. 587
Crea-fish and the Torope or little Turtle, besides many
smaller kinds. Wherefore, since God hath filled the ele-
ments of the earth, aire and waters with his creatures, good
for our food and nourishment, let not the feare of starving
hereafter, or any great want, dishearten your valiant minds
from comming to a place of so great plentie : if the Countrey
were ours, and meanes for the taking of them
(which shortly I hojDe shall bee brought to passe.) [p. 43.]
then all these shall be ours : we have them now,
but we are fain to fight for them, then should we have them
without that trouble. . . .
"But these are not all the commodities which we may
finde heere : for the earth Avill yeelde much more fruit to
our industrial labours, as hath been proved by the Corne and
other things which wee have planted this last yeare. I have
made proofe of it with the helpe of three more, being a
strano'er to that business and havino; not a bodie inured to
such labour, and set so much corne horis sitcclsinis iinius
sejjtimance, in the idle howers of one weeke, as will suffice
me for bread one quarter of a yeare : and one commoditie
is besides in this corne, that from the time of setting, unto
the time of gathering, five moneths will abundantly suffice :
for we set corne from the beginninge of March, until the
end of May, and reape or gather in Julie, August & Sep-
tember. Our English seeds thrive very well heere, as Peas,
Onions, Turnips, Cabbages, Coleflowers, Garrets, Time,
Parseley, Hysop, Marjoram, and many other whereof I have
tasted and eaten.
" What should I name unto you the divers sorts of trees,
sweete woods and Physicall plants : the divers kind of
Oakes and Walnut trees. The Pines, Pitch-Trees, Soape-
aslies trees, Sassafras, Cedar, Ash, Maple, Cypress,
and many more which I dailie see and admire at [p. 44.]
the beautie and riches which God hath bestowed,
upon this people, that yet know not how to use them.
" Wherefore you (right wise and noble Adventurers of
Virginia) whose hearts God hath stu-red up to build him a
588 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Temple, to make him an house, to conquer a Kingclome for
him heere : be not discouraged with those many lamentable
assaults that the divell hath made against us : he now
rageth most, because he knoweth this Kingdome is to have
a short end. Goe forward boldly, and remember that you
fight under the banner of Jesus Christ, that you plant his
Kingdome, who hath already broken the Serpents head :
God may deferre his temporall reward for a season, but be
assured that in the end you shall find riches and honour in
this world, and blessed immortality in the world to come.
And you my brethren, my fellow labourers, send up your
earnest prayers to God for his church in Virginia, that since
his harvest heere is great, but the labourers few, hee would
thrust forth labourers into his harvest ; and pray also for
me that the ministration of his Gospell may be powerfull
and effectuall by me to the salvation of many, and advance-
ment of the Kingdome of Jesus Christ to whom with the
Father and the holy Spirit, bee all honour and glorie for
evermore, Amen."
CCXXXI. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
September 13, 1612. Madrid. Digby to James I.
..." It is here held for certayne that this King will
not permit Our plantation at Virginea, and the Bermudas,
in so much that it is here publiquely and avowedly spoken
in the Court, that they will shortly attempt the removing of
them. And I have Letters from some in the Fleete with
Don luys de Fajardo, who is now at Cales ready to put to
sea, that so soone as he hath conducted home the West
Indian Fleet, he shall goe to the Havana and winter there ;
and from thence in the begmning of the Spring shall
attempt Verginea. But therunto I give not much credit,
for that I ^m informed here from good part, that there
hath beene of late, a consultation and almost a resolution
taken, that one Don Diego Brochero, now of the Councell
of Warre, and a greate Commander at Sea, shall have the
NORTHAMPTON TO JAMES I. 589
conducting of this enterprise, and that he shall goe from
Portugall, where this King's Navie is commanded to meete,
under CuUor and pretence of the King's remayning at Lis-
bone. But of these thins^s I shall use all the dillic^ence I
may, to attayne unto the truthe."
CCXXXII. NORTHAMPTON TO JAMES I.
The whole letter is published in " The Magazine of
American History," vol. viii. pp. 505-507 (1882). It was
evidently written after the return of the Plough from the
Bermudas early in September, 1612, probably on Sunday,
September 14.
" Henry Earl of Northampton to the Kinges (Jame I.)
sacred and Royall Maiesty.
" From Greenwich, Sunday at xii.
" Most excellent, most gratiouse, most redoubted and
deer soveraine." [Sends three advertisements, which re-
mind him of the roses, violets, and gilly flowers he used to
send to his Majesty from thence. The first concerns the
archduke ; the second, the Muscovy Company, who have
prospered strangely, got within nine degrees of the pole,
saw 700 whales, and brought home seventeen ; the third ;]
" Another companie are in like sorte advertised of the safe
arrivall of their shippes in the Bermudos upon which Hand
the Spaniardes affrighted and dismaied with the frequencie
of Hurricanes wliich they ever meete about that place durst
not adventur but calle it Dcemoniorinn insulam. But from
this Hand of Devilles our men have sent some amber and
some seede perles for an assaie which the Devilles of the
Bermudos love not better to retaine then the Angeles of
Castile doo to recover. The place aboundes in swine in
fowle and fishe, which moves our men to growe more con-
fident in the safe possessione of a place which they have
possessed so peaceably." [Wonders the people who thrive
so well under his Majesty are not more thankful to him,
590 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
etc.] " I humbly and affectionately Kisse your M"^ faire
hande and prayinge for your preservation as for my sowle
live and die.
" Your M*'^ most affectionat humble and loyall servant
and subject till death.
" H. Northampton."
CCXXXIII. DIGBY TO CARLETON.
September 22. " Sir John Digby to S"" Dudley Carleton.
. . . There is nothing so generally spoaken of in this Courte
as their intent to remove Our plantation in Virginia. And
for myne owne parte, I am of beliefe, that the Spaniards
will serve us, as tliei did the Frenchmen in Florida, unles
wee undertake ye business much more throughly and
roundely, then hitherto wee have donne. But heereof,
thei have had sufficient warning in England."
CCXXXIV. FROM GROCERS' RECORDS.
As CCXXXIV., CCXXXV., and CCXXXVI. relate to
" the same Salt," I have placed them together, regardless of
their dates.
Court of Assistants, Grocers' Company.
" Die Martis xxix die Septembris 1612.
" Present : — M' Giles Parslowe, M"^ William Millett, M^
Roger Gwyn, Wardens.
M' John Newman, M' Rich'' Denman, "|
" Robert Cocks, " Robert Morer, V Assistants.
u -yym Pennyfather " Laurence Greene, J
" W"' Barrett, " Robert Johnson, "|
" Cha^ Glascock, " John Farmer, |
" Edw-^ Jennings, " Arthur Blakemore, } Livery.
" George Scott, " Jeffrey Kirby, |
" Thomas Foxall, " John West, Junior. J
" To day M'" Wardens made knowen to their Brethren as
THOMAS HOWARD
First Earl of Sujfo/k
FROM GROCERS' RECORDS. 591
well of the Assistants as Livery of this Company here pre-
sente in the Hall, of the some of thu-teene pounds and ten
shilhngs that was due to the Companye for theyr adventure
in the late Lottery made for the plantaeon in Virginia. In
which Lottery was putt of the Companyes Comen Goodes
of this house Lxij" x^ and asked theyr opinions whether M""
Wardens should accept of the said xiij^' x^ soe due unto
them and to abate after x^' per cent, or to accept of a faire
rounde Salt with a cover of Silver all gilt poiz 44"'^ ^ 1*^ at
G* 7"^ per oz amounting to the some xiiij" xix' vi*^.
" The which Salt they all agreed that Mr. Wardens should
accept both in respect it would not be so much losse to the
Company as to take the xiij'' x^ with the sayd abatement,
and alsoe in regard this Company want Salts, and alsoe that
M' Wardens shall paye the overplus being xxix^ vi*^ of the
Comen Goodes of this House in full discharge for the same
Salt."
CCXXXV. FROxAI GROCERS' RECORDS.
Court of Assistants, Grocers' Company.
" Curia Assisten. tent die veneris xviij die Decembris
1612. 10. James.
" Present : — Sir Stephen Soame and Sir Thomas Middle-
ton. Kt'
" M' Nicholas Stile, M'" George Bolles and M' Richard
Pyott, Aldennen.
" M-^ Giles Parslowe, M"^ William Millett and M' Roger
Gwyn. Wardens.
M" George Holman, M"" John Newman,
" Robert Cocks, " Humfrey Walcott,
" Richard Burrell, " Wm. Dale,
" Richard Aldworth, " Robert Bowyer,
" Richard Cox, " Robert Morer,
" Anthony Soday, " Thomas Longston,
" Thomas Westrowe, " Laurence Greene,
" Richard Bourne, " Danyel Wynche.
" To day Mr. Wardens acknowledges the receipt of one
592 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1G09-JULY, 1614.
faire rounde Salt and Cover all of silver guilt weighing
xliiij oz one quarter of an oz and a pennyweight to the use
of this Company — which this company hath in regard of
xiij" x' happening to them in the late Lottery made for
plantacon in Virginia upon their adventure or putting in
Ixij " x' and for xxix' vi*^ more payd by M' Wardens for the
same praying allowance thereof whereof this court allowed
accordingly."
CCXXXVI. FROM GROCERS' RECORD.
From Wardens' Account under " Casual payments," July
20, 1612, to July, 1613.
" Item paid to Clement Fryer the some of xxix'
vi'^ which was added to the xiij" x' happen-
ing to this Companye for Lxij" x* adventured
in y*' late Lotterye for plantacon in Virginia . ^ ^- g -d
to by a Silver and gilt Salt for this Company
as by order of Courte made the xviij*'' day of
December 1612 as '^ acquittance may ap-
peare."
CCXXXVII. DIG BY TO CARLETON.
October 10, 1612. Madrid. Digbye to Carleton.
. . . '' Others say, that these forces united in Portugal, shall
under the commaunde of Don Diego Brochero attempte
the removing of our plantation in Virginia. ... I have
lately received advertisement from Lisborne, that there ar-
rived there a shipp, which coming from the Havana bring-
ethe worde. That there were diverse soldiers there botlie of
those parties and others, which this laste Spring were sente
from hence out of Andalusia, which were ready to goe to
attempte Virginia. And that to this ende all shipps that
for some monthes before had arrived there were imbargued.
Since, there is newes come from Sevill, that the Spaniards
have overthrowen our men in Virginia. To which though
I give little beliefe, yet I thought fitt to sende unto ye
DIGBY TO JAMES I. 593
Secretarye of State to give him notice of what I heard.
Hee sent me worde, I might fully assure myselfe, that there
was no suche thino- hitherto to their knowledo-e. But that
yt was true iudeede, that the King of Spaines people were
muohe discontent and muttered, that ye plantation was per-
mitted. And that yt had beene likewise handled in the
Councell of State heere ; and that this helde yt very unfitt,
that a Companie of Voluntarye and loose people (as hee
tearmed them) without the commaunde or interposition of
their King, should goe forward with that which mighte in
tyme prove of so muche inconvenience to the King of
fepaine.
CCXXXVIII. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2571, FOLIO 328.
Copy of a deciphered letter of H. M. to Don Alonso de
Velasco, dated Valladolid, November 3, 1612.
" Your letters of June IS*'^ [CCXIII.] informed me of the
martyrdom which two priests underwent there — also of
what you state concerning the affairs of Savoy — and of
the post which it was proposed to take in the Bermuda,
so as to encourao^e the colonisation of Virginia — and I
thank you much for the zeal Avhich you show in keeping me
hif ormed of what is going on — and I charge you to con-
tinue, so that here may be done whatever may appear to be
necessary." . . .
[Mem. — November 5. The prayers of the church for
Prince Henry. November 6. Henry of Wales, the patron
of Virginia, died.]
CCXXXIX. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
November 12, 1612. Madrid. Diobve to James I.
..." I got a \4ew of his (Don Pedro de Cuiiega) dispatch.
The chief matters were . . . That there was no cause to
594 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
apprehend so much danger in Virginea as they did in Spaine,
there being only as he certaynly learned, five hundred men,
who had of late suffered great extremitie and miserie, and
that the first undertakers were grown e so weary of supply-
ing the charge, that they were faine to make a generall
kynde of beggmg (for so he tearmed it) by the way of a
Lottery for the furnishing out of those sliipps and men
which were now sent ; so that he judged it not fit to make
any kynde of mention thereof unto your Majestic, both for
that he held it not unlikely that the Business might sinke
of itselfe, since it was maynteyned but by these shifts,
which could last but for a yeare or two, and liliewise for
that he was certeynly informed, that yf he should propound
'the having of the plantation revoked, it would in no kynde
be condiscended unto."
[Mem. — The 25th day of November, 1612, the Virginia
Company of London sold the Somer Islands, " for £2.000 of
lawfull English money," to " Sir Wilham Wade, Sir Dudley
Diggs, Sir Baptist Hicks knights, Richarde Martin of the
Middle Temple, London Esquier, John Wolstenholme, Es-
quier, Richard Chamberlaine, Robte Offley, Robte Johnson,
Jerome Hey don, George Scott and George Barkeley of Lon-
don, Merchants."]
CCXL. CHAPMAN'S AN EPICEDE.
By George Chapman.
" An Epicede, or funerall Song, on the most disastrous
death of the high borne. Prince of Men, Henry Prince of
Wales, with the Funerals and representation of the Herse of
the same high and mighty Prince ; Prince of Wales, Duke
of Cornwaile, and Rothsay, Count Palatine of Chester, Earle
of Caricke, and late Knight of the most noble order of the
Garter. Which noble Prince deceased at St. James, the
sixt day of November, 1612, and was most princely in-
terred the seventh day of December, following within the
EXTRACT FROM THE FRENCH MERCURY.
595
Abbey of Westminster, in the eighteenth yere of his age.
London, printed by T. S. for John Budge, and are to bee
sould at his shop at the great south dore of Paules, and at
Brittames bursse, 1612." " With a large folding plate of
the Hearse and Representation of the Prince by Wm.
Hole." . . . Extract.
[Fever is impersonated instilling her venom into the
prince, and the poet exclaims :]
" Was there a sight so pale, and desperate
Ever before seene, in a thrust-through state ?
The poore Virginian, miserable sayle
A long-long-Night turn'd Day, that lived in Hell
Never so pourtrayecl, where the Billowes strove
(Blackt like so many Devils) which should prove
The dammed Victor, all their furies heighting :
Their Drum the thunder : and their colours lightning :
To drown the waves in noyse : the other spending
His Hel-hot sulphurous flames to drink them dry :
When heaven was lost, when not a teare wi'acked eye
Could tell in all that dead time, if they were
Sincking or sayling : till a quickening chere
Gave light to save them by the ruth of Rocks
At the Bei'mudas : where the tearing shocks
And all the miseries before, more felt
Than here halfe told : all, all this did not melt
Those desperate few, still dying more in tears
Then this Death, all men, to the marrow weares,
All that are men." . . .
"Description
of the tem-
pest that
cast Sir Th.
Gates on the
Bermudas
and the State
of his ship
and men to
this Kino;-
domes plight
applyed in
the
Princes
Death."
CCXLI. EXTRACT FROM THE FRENCH MERCURY.
EXTRACT FROM THE MERCURE FRANCOIS, VOLUME III., 1612
TO 1615, PAGE 179.
Translation. " The English in their voyages to Vir-
ginia were badly treated by the Spaniards : for having
wished to settle an Island near Virginia and having com-
menced to fortify themselves there, the Spaniards, who did
not want neighbours for the West Indies, went with sev-
eral ships of war to attack them and to bombard them so
vigorously that entering the Island, they (the Spaniards)
596 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
put to the edge of the sword all the English. This being
reported to the King of Great Britain, and that the EngHsh
Colony in Virginia is becoming enfeedled, he sent thither a
new Governor with men of war, munitions and two hundred
women with as many daughters to re-enforce this Colony."
CCXLII. AND CCXLIII. SMITH'S MAP OF VIRGINIA.
A map of Virginia (CCXLII.) " Discovered and Discribed
by Captayn John Smith, graven by WiUiam Hole."
I do not know exactly when this map was engraved ; but
as it is mentioned (in CCXXVI.) as then " printed," it was
probably engraved prior to August 7, or quite certainly be-
fore November 5, 1612.
The various editions of this map are discussed by Mr.
James Lenox and Mr. Charles Deane, in " The Curiosities
of American Literature," — " Norton's Literary Gazette,"
March 15 and May 18, 1854.
It was a part of " The Oxford Tract" (CCXLIV.), and was
evidently published under the same auspices, without the
authority of the Virginia Council. When Smith was presi-
dent in Virginia copies of the surveys must have come into
his hands, and he probably furnished William Hole with the
drawing from which the engraving was made ; but I do not
believe that Smith made the drawing himself. He does not
always claim to have done so. In CCCLV. he alludes to
CCXLIV. and CCXLII. as the "Booke and Map printed
in my name." It seems to me certain that this map was
engraved from a copy of the Virginia part of CLVIII. Cor-
rect maps must be alike ; but when one inaccurate map fol-
lows so closely another, as in this case, it furnishes quite
conclusive proof that the latter was copied from the former.
As a further evidence that Smith did not make the draw-
ing for the map (CCXLII.), it may be noted that the dis-
tances given in the text of his work do not always corre-
spond with the distances on the map. I have found no real
evidence that Smith could draw a map. In 1618, " to
.*>
^1
£
c
,«N"^
>
11
^
CCXLIII
Colonial rapfrs. V-ol. I, No. 42,. II.
"A description of the land of Vir^nla."
m r
1Mt^
^
4
,/^hA.^'^
r?^^ -fc fy-^^*-* ^'-^ T-^^'^^y-
o
4 /) 'VW' ■A' -.""^"J"
£1^,
10 /;•/«.» ,»<«s rt^
13 iX^t^^-p^^^-^^ yinynh
Here is 3 fathom of wftter.
Secotan,
Tills ^oeth to a great towii celled Nepoke.
This to Warrea.
Pomaioke.
Fresli water with, great store of flsh.
Here were great store of great red grapes. Very pleasant.
The grass that bearetli the silk groweth here plentif ally.
Te Kings ill
The gailU art found here.
Wococan.
Here groweth ye rind that dieth red.
Thp Port of Saynt Marls, where we arrived flrat.
TAfi fij/wreai, 2, 3, <
n tMe original draieing.
m fll>
r
r
"THE OXFORD TRACTS." 597
show the difference betwixt Virginia and New England,"
Smith sent Lord Bacon " maps of them both." The map
of New England is missing ; I give the map of Virginia
(CCXLIII.). I believe it to be an illustration of Smith's
capacity as a draughtsman as it is probably an attempt by
Smith to copy from some drawing of our present North
Carolina coast.
CCXLIV. AND CCLV. "THE OXFORD TRACTS."
CCLIV. and CCXLV. were published at Oxford some
time between the 5th of November, 1612, and 25th March,
1613. The exact date is not known. Smith had evidently
secured the sympathy and interest of certain clergymen and
ladies in Enofland, who thouoht that he deserved more credit
than he had received from the managers of the Virginia
enterprise ; and as this was the most trying time in the
history of the colony, there were very many disappointed
adventurers m sympathy with fault-finders. CCXLIV. is
chiefly descriptive, and need not be reviewed at length.
The avowed object of CCXLV. was to " give satisfaction
to all indifferent readers, how the businesse hath beene
carried," and " ho we it came to passe there was no better
speed and successe in those proceedings." It is a eulogy of
Smith. It is a partisan criticism of the management of the
enterprise ; it attempts to prove that the troubles which
happened while Smith was in Virginia could not have been
prevented, and that the troubles which had happened since
he left, had happened because he was not there to prevent
them. The Stationers' Company of London was a member
of the Virginia Company, and it was evidently against their
interest to license the publication of such tracts and maps
as these (CCXLIL, CCXLIV., and CCXLV.) at that time,
and we are probably indebted to the sympathy of Crashaw,
Symonds, and Purchas for having them printed by the cler-
ical press at Oxford. If so, the sympathy of these clergy-
men may speak well for their hearts ; but their judgment in
this matter was certainly at fault.
598 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1G09-JULY, 1614.
I have carefully collated CCXLV. with the same as pub-
lished by Smith in his " General History," and as pubhshed
by Purchas in his " Pilgrimes," and also with all the other
evidences which I have found in the premises ; and without
doubt the narrative is inaccurate and unjust. The summing
uj) of the case on the title-pages and in the prefaces is very
strong, and of course the evidence is also, if we accept it
(as has been done sometimes) without question ; but a cross-
examination will reveal its inaccuracy and injustice, and
sustain the judgment of the managers of the enterprise.
For instance, we are lead to believe that the tract was a dis-
interested compilation by Richard Pots ; but as Pots was
clerk to Smith while in Virginia, their interests were probably
identical. We are assured that the authors were many and
that their " particular discourses are signed by their names ; "
yet the discourse relating to events between September,
1607, and January, 1608 (where we are told that Smith pre-
vented the abandonment of the colony three times, and did
other wonderful things), is signed by Thomas Studley, alone,
who had died August 28, 1607, before any of these won-
derful things happened. Of course Studley's death is not
mentioned in the tract, and he is again used as a witness
for events as late as June, 1608. Another leading witness
was Ananias Todkill, who had been a servant to Captain
John Martin, and evidently bore Martin malice ; but enough.
CCXLV. is embraced in the fourth book of Smith's " Gen-
eral History," where it is somewhat altered and enlarged.
It is partisan evidence. It was against the interest of the
managers of the enterprise, and of the enterprise itself, that
affairs should be made public at this time, and this is the
only publication of the period which pretends to give a
detailed account of events in Virginia, during the time that
Smith was there. The managers had the correct accounts.
This account is not correct ; but the public had no other.
As to the witnesses to this tract then in England, it must
be remembered that many of those sent to Virginia by the
company had been guilty of a breach of trust by returning
"THE OXFORD TRACTS." 599
to England, and that the company had no adequate laAV for
protection in these premises, until after the passage of the
fifteenth article of the third charter. The enterprise was
then going through the crucial test, which " enterprizes of
this nature, especially in the Infancie thereof, are subject
unto " (Kimbolton MSS. No. 344), and doubtless there were
many swift witnesses in England among those referred to in
the fourteenth article of the third charter (CCIIL).
Although we cannot rely on this tract when it is relating
the acts of Smith or criticising the acts of others, it is evi-
dently more trustworthy than the same account as given in
the " General History." It is curious to note how Smith
continually alters it to his own advantage in the latter work.
I will give a single illustration. It is a subject of illustra-
tion in Smith's History.
The account of how " Smith taketli the King of Paspa-
heigh prisoner."
From CCXLV. — "long they^ struggled in the water,
from whence the King j)erceimng tico of the Poles^ upon
the scmdes loould have fled ; hut the President held him
hy his haire and throat till the Poles came in ; then see-
ing howe pittifully the poore Salvage begged his life, they
conducted him prisoner to the fort^
From Smith's History. — " long they struggled in the
water, till the President got such a hold on his throat, he
neare strangled the King ; hut having drawn his faucheon
to cut off his head seeing howe pittifully he begged his life,
he led him prisoner to Jainestoione and put him in
chaynes."
The following is the title-page of CCXLIV. : —
" A Map of Virginia, with a description of the Countrey,
The Commodities, People, Government and Religion. Writ-
ten by Captaine Smith, sometimes Governour of the Countrey.
^ The president, Captain John Smith, Smith's life, as Newport had done ;
and the Indian king. but they get neither acknowledgment
- Evidently the Poles aided in mak- nor thanks in Smith's History ; nor do
ing the capture, and probably saved they appear in the picture.
600 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1G09-JULY, 1614.
" Wliereunto is annexed The proceedings of those Colo-
nies, [CCXLV.] since their first departure from England,
with the discourses, orations, and relations of the Salvages,
and the accidents that befell them in all their Journies and
discoveries.
" Taken faithfully as they were written out of the writ-
ing's of
Doctor Russell. Richard Wiffin.
Tho. Studley. Will. Phettiplace.
Anas Todkill. Nathaniel Powell.
JefPra Abot. Richard Pots.
And the relations of divers other diligent observers there
present then, and now many of them in England.
"By W. S.
"At Oxford, Printed by Joseph Barnes. 1612."
The larger part of this title really refers to CCXLV.
CCXLIV. was, as stated, a description of the country, etc.,
accompanied with Smith's map (CCXLII.) which had been
previously engraved.
These t^o tracts and the map belong together. Origi-
nals are various priced, as to condition, etc. Mr. Quaritch
priced a complete and perfect set in 1885 at $650. Origi-
nals are preserved in this country in the following libraries :
Charles Deane, of Cambridge, Mass. ; of Congress, at Wash-
ington ; John Carter-Brown, Providence, R. I. ; Mr. Kalb-
fleisch, and The Lenox, New York.
CCXLIV. was again printed nearly as in the original in
the second book of Smith's " History of Virginia," and in
this shape is reprinted in Rice's reprint of Smith's Works,
Richmond, Virginia, 1819. The next, CCXLV., has been
reprinted in England (by Mr. Arber) but not in America, I
believe, except as it is in his " General History." It con-
tains about 27,000 words. As in his " General History "
(Smith having erased about 3,000 words and then added
about 16,000 words) the tract contains about 40,000 words.
I
BIONDI TO CARLETON. gQl
The following is the title-page of CCXLV. : —
" The Proceedings of The English Colonie in Viro-inia
since their first beginning from England in the yeare of
our Lord 1606, till this present 1612, with all their acci-
dents that befell them in their Journies and Discoveries.
Also the Salvages discourses, orations and relations of the
Bordering neighbours, and how they became subject to the
English. Unfolding even the fundamental! causes from
whence have sprung so many miseries to the under-takers,
and scandals to the businesse : taken faithfully as they
were written out of the writings of Thomas Studley the
first provant maister, Anas Todkill, Walter Russell Doctor
of Phisicke, Nathaniell Pow^ell, William Phettyplace, Eich-
ard Wyffin, Thomas Abbay, Tho. Hope, Rich : Pots and
the labours of divers other diligent observers, that were
resident in Virginia. And perused and confirmed by
diverse now resident in England that were actors in this
busines. By W. S. At Oxford, printed by Joseph Barnes.
1612."
CCXLIV. is dedicated " To the Hand," and the dedica-
tion is signed " T. A." CCXLV. has an introductory
address " To The Reader," signed " T. Abbay." Of course
I cannot be perfectly sure, but it does seem to me that this
dedication and address was written by the same hand,
whosesoever it was, that wrote all of the works known as
Captain John Smith's.
CCXLVI. BIONDI TO CARLETON.
January 7, 1613. London. Giov. Franc. Biondi to
Carleton.
..." Much talk about a Spanish Armada which is gath-
ering; some say it is for Virginia; some for England;
some for Ireland. The latter most probable, because of the
intelligence of Spain with Ireland ; but the Hebrides Islands
might afford a counterpoise." . . .
602 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
[Mem. — CCLVII. mentions letters from Velasco of Jan-
uary 22 Q-iid 23? 1613, which I have not found.]
CCXLVII. VELASCO TO PHILIP IIL
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO 92.
Copy of an original letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to the
King of Spain, dated London, January 25, 1613.
" Sire. —
" The Embassador of the King here, who resides at
your Court, has informed him, that Y. M. is fitting out a
great fleet for this summer, with the intent to send the lar-
ger part of it to dismantle the forts of Virginia and of Ber-
muda. This report has been confirmed to them and thus
they are now making ready five ships with fifteen hundred
men, much ammunition and two engineers, to reinforce
those posts, and they say, these vessels will sail towards the
middle of March. They go with the understanding, that if
those reports should continue, still larger forces would be
sent, altho' they feel very confident, that Y. M's fleet will
not be strong enough to drive them out from there. May
Our Lord preserve Y. M. as is required by all Christendom.
" London, January 25. 1613.
"Don Alonso de Velasco."
[Mem. — About the last of January, 1613, the com-
panies sent out two ships to the Bermudas, warning the
colony there " to prepare with all expedition for their de-
fence against the Spaniards, whom they understood ere
long would visit them." These vessels were sent "the
speedier, by reason of some distrusts they tooke of the
Spaniards soudaine supplantinge of it in its birth (as not
likely to endure patiently such a thorne in his West Indies
sides)." One of these ships, the Elizabeth, went on to Vir-
ginia, reacliing there May 14, 1613. The other went only
1
PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. 603
to the Bermudas and returned to England prior to May 20,
1613. See CCLXVIIL]
CCXLVIIL EDMONDES TO JAMES I.
January 26, 1613. Paris, France. Sir Thomas Ed-
mondes ^ to James I.
..." Though I make no doubt but that your Majestie
is otherwise sufficiently advertised of that which passeth in
Spayne ; nevertheless I holde it my duetie to make knowne
unto your Majestie that manie advertisements which I have
scene both out of Italic and from other partes, doe report,
that the intent of the preparations which the King of
Spayne maketh by Sea, is certainely to employe the same
this Springe for the removing of our plantation in Vir-
ginia."
CCXLIX. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 3.
Copy of a rough draft of a letter of H. M. to Don Alonso
de Velasco, dated February 13, 1613.
"In a letter dated December 14:*'' of the last year of
1611 [CLXXXVIII.] you wrote me that the Ministers of
Great Britain had replied to you, that they would order the
three prisoners of ours to be brought to London, whom
they held in Virginia, and that they would hand them over
to you, whereupon we would restore to them the pilot who
was taken from the English on the same occasion — and
because this man has already been brought to this court, I
charge and command you to complete the exchange of
aforesaid prisoners, asking that our men be handed over to
you and assuring said King or his ministers that the pilot,
for whom they ask, will be given up here to their ambassa-
dor, 6r to any one they may select — and you will promptly
inform me of what may be done in this matter."
^ The English ambassador to France.
604: PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCL. THE MASK AT WHITE HALL.
" The Memorable Maske of the two Honorable Houses
or Inns of Court ; The Middle Temple and Lyncoln's Inne,
as it was performed before the King, at White-Hall on
Shrove Munday at night ; being the 15^^ of February 1613.
At the Princely celebration of the most Royall Nuptialls of
the Palsgrave, and this thrice gratious Princesse Elizabeth.
Invented and fashioned with the ground and speciall struc-
ture of the whole worke, by our Kingdomes most Artful!
and Ingenious Architect lamgo Jones. Supplied, Aplied,
Digested and Written, by Geo. Chcqwian. London,
Printed by G. Eld for George Norton, and are to be sould
at his shoppe, neere Temple Bar."
Howes says : " At the Mask of The Middle Temple and
Lincolnes Inne came two chariots Triumphat, very pleasant
and full of state, wherein rode the choyce musicians of this
Kingdome in robes llJie to the Vh^ginian priests, with sun-
dry devises, all pleasant and significant, with two rankes of
Torches," etc.
Mr. Neill, in his " Virginia Company of London " (pp.
'61, 62), quoting from " Nichols's Progresses, etc., of King
James," says : " The chief maskers were in Indian habits,
w4th high spriged feathers on their heads, their vezirds of
olive coUour, hayre black and lardge waving downe to their
shoulders." The musicians were attired like Virginian
priests, who Avere supposed to adore the sun, and therefore
called Phoebades. On the stage was the representation of
rocks and caves, and Plutus, god of riches, was a principal
person in the play. The following speech is made by one
named Capriccio : " With this dull deity Riches, a rich
island lying in the South Sea called Poeana, being for
strength and riches called the navill of that South Sea is by
Earth's round motion moved near this Brittan shore, in
which island being yet in command of the Virginian Cbnti-
nent, a troupe of the noblest Virginians inhabiting at-
THE MASK AT WHITE HALL. 605
tended hither the God of Riches all tryumphantly shining
in a mine of goiild. For hearing of the most royal solem-
nity of these sacred nuptials, they crost the Ocean in their
honour and are here arrived."
In the course of the play Honor and Eunomia allude to
the Virginian priests.
Honor. " Plutus, the Princes of the Virgine land
Whom I made crosse the Britain Ocean
To this most famed ile of all the world
To do due homage to the sacred nuptials
Of Law and Vertue celebrated here
By this howre of the holy eve, I know
Are ready to perform the rights they owe."
After the Virginian princes sing they are addressed by
Eunomia. " Virginian Princes, ye must now renounce
Your superstitious worship of the Sun,
Subject to cloudy darknings and descents ;
And of your sweet devotions turne the events
To this our Britain Phoebus, whose bright skie
Enlighted with a Christian piety
Is never subject to black error's night.
And hath already offer'd Heaven's true light
To your darke region ; which acknowledge now
Descend, and to him all your homage vow."
Of this celebrated mask, in which the Virginian idea
obtained so largely, John Chamberlain wrote to Mrs. Alice
Carleton : " London, 18. Feby 1613. ... On Monday
night, was the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn Masque
prepared in the hall of Court, whereas the lords was in
the banqueting room. It went from the Rolls, all up Fleet
street and the Strand, and made such a gallant and glorious
show, that it is highly commended. They had forty gentle-
men of best choice out of both houses, and the twelve
masquers, with their torch-bearers and pages, rode likewise
upon horses exceedingly well trapped and furnished, besides
a dozen little boys, dressed like baboons, that served for an
anti-masque, and, they say, performed it exceedingly well
when they came to it j and three open chariots, drawn Avitli
606 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1G09-JULY, 1614.
four horses a piece, that carried their musicians and other
personages that had parts to speak. All which, together
with their trumpeters and other attendants, were so well set
out, that it is generally held for the best show that hath
been seen many a day. The King stood in the gallery to
behold them, and made them ride about the Tilt Yard, and
then they were received into St. James's Park, and so out,
all along the galleries, into the hall, where themselves and
their devices, which they say were excellent, made such a
glittering show, that the King and all the company were
exceedingly pleased, and especially with their dancing, which
was beyond all that hath been seen yet. The King made
the Masters kiss his hand on parting, and gave them many
thanks, saying, he never saw so many proper men together,
and himself accompanied them at the banquet, and took
care it should be well ordered, and speaks much of them
behind their backs, and strokes the Master of the rolls [Sir
Edward Phillips] and Dick Martin, who were chief doers
and uiider-takers."
[Mem. — Frederick Prince Palatyne and the Lady Eliza-
beth were married on Shrove-Sunday [Saint Valentine's
day] the 14th of February, 1613, in his Majesty's Chapell
Royall at White Hall, by the Right Reverend father in God,
George, Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by James Mon-
tague, Bishop of Bathe and Welles.]
CCLI. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
February 18, 1613. Madrid. Digbye to James I.
..." It is true that they do make ready their Fleet at
Lisbone. . . . The only action which I conceave jDOSsible
(and indeed something probable) for them to enter into, is
to Essay the removing of the English from their Plantation
in Verginea ; the which they here generally profess, touch-
eth this King (both in Honor and likewise in prevention of
the inconvenience, which the English setling there may pro-
LETTER FROM LISBON. 607
cure to their "West Indies) not to permitt. And this verie
day, they have clapped vip into close prison Clarke the
English Pilot, whome two yeares since they brought from
Virginea, having formerly used him well, and permitted him
his libertie, only being attended by a keeper. . . .
" yf they attempt anything against Verginea it will be
the West Indian gaUeons from the Havana, in the island of
Cuba, with the forces of those parts. I do meane presently
to send downe a couple of fitt persons, whome I have pro-
vided to enter themselves into this King's service in his
Navie, who I hope mlbe able to attaine in some part, to the
knowledge of their intents, and to advertise me from time
to tune, of such things as they shalbe able to learne."
CCLIL LETTER FROM LISBON.
February 11, 1613. " An abstract out of a letter written
from Lisborne bearing date the 21. of februarye 1613. st'do
novo.
" Here is upon the suddaine comaundment geven for the
preparinge thirteene sayle of shippinge to bee readye to sett
sayle by the 25'*' of march next : — First they are to sayle
unto Cadiz there to take in soldiers munition and victuals ;
from thence it is divulo-ed among^st the common sort that
they are to goe unto the Bermudas there to inhabit, others
say playnelye that they goe where the English shall pay
for it, which is for Virginia, for that is the marke they
shoote at, as theire owne proceedings doe manifest. For in
theire entertainment they receive of all nations that will
offer themselves to goe m this ser\dce : Almains, Italians,
French and Irish ; but neyther English, Scottish nor Dutch
wiU be permitted nor entertayned to goe in the voyadge.
To such straungers as will come . . . there shall be geven
9 months pay before hand."
608 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCLIII. A BROADSIDE BY THE COUNCIL.
Written between February and May, 1613. It is No.
135 in the " Catalogue of Broadsides " in the possession of
the Society of Antiquaries of London, 1866. I know of no
other copy.
" By his Maiesties Councell for Virginia.
" Whereas sundrie the adventurers to Virginia in their
zeale to that memorable worke, the plantation of that coun-
try with an EngHsh Colonic, for the establishing of the
Gospell there, and the Honour of our King and Country,
have published a little standing Lotterie consisting but of
12 pence for every Lot. And therein have proportioned
to the adventurers more then the one halfe to be repayed in
money, of faire Prizes without any abatement, besides sundry
other Welcomes and Rewards ; hoping that the inhabitants
of this honourable citie adventuring even but small summes
of money, would have soone supplied so little a summe
appointed to so good a worke : Which wee did purpose to
draw out in Candlemas Tearme last ; yet now seeing that the
slow bringing in of their money hath crossed our intents,
either because there was no certaine day nominated for the
drawing thereof, or for some lewd aspertions that no good
successe was likely to ensue to this action.
" Wee doe therefore signifie, that a month past, We sent
away a ship thither with her competent number of good men
and munition, and doe purpose continually to supply them
to the utmost of our meanes. The rather for that wee have
information from them, that they are now able to subsist of
themselves, and want only more able labouring men, and
convenient clothing for them.
" In consideration whereof. We do certifie all men, that
we do purpose (God willing) to begin the drawing of this
Lotterie the 10. day of May next. And that the last day
of bringing in any money shall be the 3. day of the same
moneth. Betwixt which times the books shall be brought
in, and made up, and the Lots written out proportionable
according to the moneys that shall come in.
CHARTER GRANTED TO THE RUSSIA COMPANY. 609
" Imprinted by Felix Kingston for William Well)y, dwell-
ing at the Signe of the Swanne in Pauls Churchyard, 1613."
CCLIV. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
March 5, 1613, Madrid. Digbye to James I.
..." I am advertised from Sevill and Lisbone, that they
use all possible dilligence for the making ready of the ship-
ping and soldiers ... so that by the end of Aprill they in-
tend certeynely to put to Sea. Those that I imploye send
me word that they every day growe more to doubt, that
there wilbe something attempted against the Plantation in
Verginea, and they are strengthened in tliis their beleife,
for that though they have so greate want of men, that they
have made publique Proclamations, that whosoever will serve
in this voyage shall receave nine monethes pay beforehand,
yet they refuse to admitt of English, Scottish and Holland-
ers, but not of Irish. But men of good judgement here in
Court (and in whome I have reason to have some confidence)
assure me that there is no such intent : But howsoever it
wilbe requisite that those of Verginea live in a Continuall
expectation of being assailed, for first or last, the Spaniards
will certeynely attempt them, for therof they make already
publique profession."
CCLV. CHARTER GRANTED TO THE RUSSIA COMPANY.
March 13, 1613. King James granted new letters
patents to the Muscovy Company " enlarging their Priv-
ileges."
" As the Company had been at vast charges in fitting out
great Numbers of ships for the discovery of New Countries,
Isles &c. And had discovered several countiies, the trade
whereof, is of very great advantage to this Nation, viz ;
Cherry Islands, Greenland, Nova Zembla, Davyes's Streights,
Grooneland, Hudson's Bay, New foundland, the North of
America : as will at large appear by the Journals kept by
610 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1G14.
• their commanders, in the said voyages, and registered in the
High Court of Admii-alty." — Strype.
This charter exchided all others from the seal and whale
fisheries of the northern ocean, Greenland, Spitzbergen, etc.
This company was managed by nearly the same officers as
the East India and Virginia companies.
CCLVI. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
London, March (14-25?), 1613.
..." The elder Taylor, that was in the Gate-house, hath
found the means to escape, so that now they are both gone.
The keeper is committed, and a Florentine that served the
Lord Vaux, as suspected to be privy to his escape. For
my part, I am not sorry to be rid of them ; for, though
they were notorious rascals, yet I know not what we should
have done ^dth them. Yet it was in consultation to send
them to Virginia; but I see not to what purpose." . . .
CCLVII. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMAXCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 7.
Copy of an extract from a letter of H. M. to Don Alonso
de Velasco, dated Madrid, April 1, 1613.
" There has been received what you say in your letters
of January 22^ and 23^ as to the subject of the marriage
of the Palatine — and as to the ^^reparations made for Vir-
ginia — and I am well pleased with the zeal which you
show in keeping me informed of all that comes to your
knowledge — and I shall be still more so, if you succeed in
finding out what really goes on so as to give me an account
of it — and if you can find decent and secret means for it,
I shall be glad for you to prevent that marriage. " *
^ Tlie marriage had already taken King, bishop of London, wrote to
place, at an earlier day, I take it, than Carletou : " The festivals have passed,
expected. On February 27, John not without caution against some prae-
RICHARD HUMBLE, EsQUiRE
CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 611
[Mem. — " James by his letters patent dated March 29,
1613, in his eleventh year, incorporated the Irish Society,
by the name of ' The Governor and Assistants of the New
Plantation in Ulster, within the realm of Ireland.' * A
new county was thereby erected, which, uniting the old
name of Derry with its new Masters, the Corporations and
Companies of London, is now called London-Derry.' This
new settlement was mapped and divided by the Irish So-
ciety, as nearly as could be, into twelve equal parts; and
the twelve companies,^ who had equally contributed to the
raising of the £60,000, drew lots for their several shares." —
Herbert's " Hist, of the Twelve Livery Companies of Lou-
don."]
CCLVIII. CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
I do not know the exact date of pubhcation of CCXXIX.,
CCXXX., and CCLVIII., as it seems they were not entered
for publication at Stationers' Hall; but as CCLIX. was
probably published in April, 1613, and as CCLVIII., which
probably preceded it, was evidently printed after CCXLV.
I suppose we may place their publication about February
or March, 1613. I have already given Whitaker's letter
(CCXXIX.) and extracts from his book (CCXXX.). They
were published with the following title : —
" Good Newes from Viroinia. Sent to the Councell and
o
Company of Virginia, resident in England. From Alex-
ander Whitaker, The Minister of Henrico in Virginia.
Wherein Also is a Narration of the present State of that
country, and our Colonies there. Perused and published by
direction from that counsell. And a Preface prefixed of
tise so nmch prognosticated. The in the American enterprise ; but these
King shows his people that he will companies, as corporate bodies, soon
not be surprised sleeping. Rome transferred their interest in the far
would be mistress of the Church, and distant Virginia plantations, and de-
Spain of Nations." voted tht mselves to their lands in
^ Very many merchants of London Ireland, nearer at hand,
as individuals continued their interest
612 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
some matters touching that Plantation very requisite to be
made knowne. At London. Imprinted by Felix Kyngston
for William Welby, and are to be sold at his shop in Paul's
Churchyard at the signe of the Swanne. 1613."
The "Preface prefixed" is really W. Crashaw's "Epistle
Dedicatorie" (CCLVIII.).
Originals, worth over $500 each, are preserved in the
hbraries of Congress, Carter-Brown, and Mr. Kalbfleisch.
I have never seen a complete reprint. Some extracts are
given by Mr. Neill in his " Virginia Company," and by
Professor Tyler in his " History of American Literature."
Crashaw had a wonderful command of language and used
a great many words in expressing his ideas. His " Epistle
Dedicatorie " contains over 7,000 words. I cannot give
the whole of it ; but as it has never been printed in this
country I will give enough of it to show its character, and
then make some extracts from the remainder.
I quote from the book as printed, noting the pages ex-
tracted from.
[p. ii.] " To The Right Honorable, My very Good Lord,
Raph Lord Uere, Lord President of Wales : Con-
tinuance and encrease of all Honor and happinesse, from
Christ Jesus.
" Right Honorable, amongst the many discouragements
that have attended this glorious businesse of the Virginian
plantation ; none hath been so frequent, and so forcible, as
the calumnies and slanders, raised upon our Colonies, and
the Countrey it selfe. These being debased by the Divell
and set abroach by idle and base companions, are blowen
abroad by Papists, Players and such like, till they have
filled the vulgar eares : And having once entred, then
they run (like wilde fire) from man to man : for as wilde
fire, hardly findes a house which is not matter combus-
tible ; so these idles tales hardly meete a man who gives
not (passage at the least, if not) credit to them : where-
CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 613
upon the Divell and his cassociates (of all sorts) [p. iii.]
hold and practise this rule, as a sure Maxime,
speake anything, some will beleeve it : be it never so
false, some will entertaine it, Truth and Inno- Caiumniare
ceneie shall never so wipe it off, but some thino" ^^/i^cter,
A ' o ahqiud
will stick behind. Our onely Comforts is (next bseret.
« to the assurance of God's acceptation of the worke) that men
of honourable minds, and ingenuous dispositions, and all
that are godly-wise, will check and controule these idle and
slanderous surmises, as they meet with them : and for their
better assistance, encouragement and direction in so doing,
our Counsell and Govern ours hold it needfuU to make
knowne to the world, such relations and informations as we
receive from thence, from men of judgement and experience,
and of approved faithfulnesse and integritie. And there-
fore though this ensuing Treatise (written by Master
Whitaker, one of our Ministers in Virginia) was spoken
there, and sent hither rather for the private use and en-
couragement of such, whose purses heere, or persons there,
were engaged in the action, then with any intent to make
it publike : yet for the reasons aforesaid, it was held fit
after mature consideration to divulge it, that so the naked
and plaine truth, may give a just affront to the cunning and
coloured falsehoods devised by the enemies of this Planta-
tion. And because the man was once so well knowne to
me (as he is still, and ever shall be beloved of me) I was
desired by them, that may command mee, to peruse the
originall itself e, and for that I had (as they probably thought)
some knowledge of his hand, to consider whether
truly or suspiciously it bore his name. And if [p. iv.]
I found cause of the least suspicion, to reject it :
but if, by true and infallible tokens, to be his hand, then
to give some testimony to the world of a truth so evi-
dent ?
" Two points therefore I perceive needfull to bee made
knowne, which I desire all men to take notice of, from mee,
who have pecuhar reason to know them both, so well, as
614 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
few or no other can : first, who the Author is ; and then,
The first whether this come undoubtedly from him or no.
MasteTwhit- " The Author is Master Alexander Whitaker,
akeristhat Preaclicr to the Colonic at Henrico, under the
wrote this '
Treatise. govcmment of tlic valorous and worthy Knight
Sir Thomas Dale, with whom also he went: he was sonne
to that reverend renowned Doctor Whitaker : a Master of
Arts of five or six yeares standing in Cambridge ; was
seated in the North-Countrey, where he was well approved
by the greatest, and beloved of his people, and had com-
petent allowance to his good liking, and was in a good pos-
sibility of better living, as any of his time : he had also
some meanes of his owne left him by his parents : all
which notwithstanding, he meerely of himselfe, for ought I
know, entertained a purpose of going to Virginia, to assist
that Christian plantation in the function of a Preacher of
the Gospell. And having after many distractions and com-
bates with himselfe (as he told me) settled his resolution,
that God called him thither, and therefore he would goe :
He accordingly made it good notwithstanding the earnest,
diswasions of many his nearest friends, and the great dis-
couragements which he daily heard of, touch-
[p. v.] ing the businesse and Countrey itselfe : and ar-
rived there with Sir Thomas Dale, by a very
speedy and safe passage (scarce of eight weekes long) in May
1611. from whence he hath since then written many com-
fortable letters, both to the Counsell and Committies, and
his private friends : and of late (after he had beene there a
yeare and more) hath sent us this little Treatise, which as I
The Second ^uow assurcdly to come from him, and to be a
point: That great part of it written, and all of it subscribed
ediy his, and with liis owuc liaud. So I dare say if he had
h^'owne" ^ thought wcc would liavc published it, he would
hand. otherwise have adorned it : for I know (and so
do others that know him) hee is able to have written it in
Latine or in Greeke, and so to have decked it both for
phrase and stile, and other ornaments of learning and Ian-
CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 615
guage, as might shew him no unworthye soiine of so wor-
thy a father : And I dare say, if he live (be it in England
or Virginia) he will in due time manifest to the world by
true and good evidence, that God hath made him heire, as
of divers of the holy vertues, so of a good part of the
learning of his renowned father. And the more liberall am
I in giving him his due, the further he is off mee, and by
that meanes can be the lesse sensible of it.
" Nor speake I this so much for his sake (though I love
him above many, and know it above any other) whose owne
deeds will sufficiently approve him. As for the truth which
is so much suppressed, and that Christian plantation so
much disparaged in this base world : for are they not so
impudent as to say ; who go thither but base
and bankerupt persons, and who have no meanes [p. vi.]
of their owne ? or else such as are perswaded and
wrought upon to go ? And when they come there, are
they not starved, and do they not die Hke dogges? But
how false this is in respect of the Countrey, the narration
interlaced in this discourse from him that lives there, will
declare : and how slanderous the other is to the persons, I
shall in some sort make it appeare.
" I therefore hereby let all men know (and malice itselfe
shall never disprove it) that a Schollar, a Graduate, a
Preacher, well borne, and friended in England, not in debt
nor disgrace, but competently provided for, and Hked, and
beloved where he Hved, not in want, (but for a scholler, and
as these days be) rich in possession, and more in possibilitie,
of himselfe without any perswasion (but Gods, and his
owne heart) did voluntarily leave his warme nest, and to
the wonder of his kindred, and amazement of them that
knew him, undertooke this hard, but in my Judgement,
heroicall resolution to go to Virginia, and helpe to beare
the name of God unto the Gentiles. Men may muse at it ;
some may laugh, and others wonder at it. But will you
know the reason? God will be g-lorified in his owne
workes, and what he hath determined to do, hee will find
616 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
meanes to bring to passe, for the perfecting- therefore, of
this blessed worke ; he hath stirred up able and worthie
men to undertake the manning and managing of it : Magis-
tracie and Ministery are the strength and sinewes ; nay the
very life and being of a Christian body politique. There-
fore seeing without these all emptying of purses heere,
and ventering of persons thither, is to no pur-
[p. vii.] pose. God in his wisdome provided, and in his
mercie provoked, godly and able men to furnish
both these functions : and such as miaht at home have
lived in place of honour and command, or in fashion com-
petent and convenient to their conditions.
" And this. Right Honorable, is one of the foure Argu-
ments, and as it were plaine demonstrations, that have con-
vinced mee to beleeve that assuredly God himselfe is the
founder, and favourer of this Plantation. And I will crave
leave of your Lordship to put them downe, because I am of
minde, that the want either of knowledge, cr consideration
hereof, hath beene, and is the cause of the error and mis-
prision of the world, touching this busmes ; and do thinke
that if men did ruminate, and advisedly consider of these
particulars, they would reprove themselves for their former
thoughts, and say plainly. Digitus Dei est hie.
" 1. The marvellous and indeed miraculous deliverance
of our worthy Governours, Sir Thomas Gates, Liefetenant
generall, and Sir George Somers, Admirall, with all their
Company, of some hundred and fiftie persons, upon the
feared and abhorred Hands of the Barmudaes, without
losse of one person, when the same houre nothing was
before their eyes, but imminent and inevitable death ; as
never ship came there that perished not, so never was it
hoard of, that any ship wrackt there, but with the death of
all or most of the people, save onely this of ours. Oh how
the world should have rung of it ere this, if a
[p. viii.] farre lesse deliverance had happened to any of
the Jesuiticall plantations : and surely the Coun-
sell of Virjrinia doe wronof themselves and the businesse :
CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 617
nay they must oive me leave to tell them they obscure the
glorie of God, if they take not order, that a full compleate
and ijlaine narration of that whole action, both danger and
deliverance be published to the world. [See CCLIX.]
" 2. The full disco verie (by meanes of their former
deliverance) of those Barmuda Hands, which hitherto have
beene held in the world, as inaccessible . . . and [Extracts
given up to the divels power . . . are found a ^'^s'"-^
habitation of such safetie and securitie (having no enemie
within nor any to be feared without, because the entrance
is so difficult :) and of such plentie of all things for life.
... as for the present they bee even as a new
life [CCX.] and a seminarie to Virginia. . . . [p. ix.]
" 3. The speciall and most fatherly providence
of God over this action, in upholding it when man had for-
saken it, and giving it life againe when man had left it for
dead : for had not Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Som-
ers come into Virginia from the Barmudaes even when they
did, the poore Colonic (which during that year of their
absence, by enduring the miserie of mis-government,^ had
fallen into all extremitie of distresse) had been gone away,
and our Plantation possessed by the Savages : and (which
was much more miraculous) when they being come in, and
in all about 240. persons, and in such extreame miserie and
faminine, as the Honorable Commander was even forced to
yeeld to that which others moved (but himselfe had rather
have died then done) namely to put themselves to the Sea
to come for England, and quit the countrey : and when
this (full sore against his heart) was put in execution, and
every man aboord, their Ordenance and Armour buried,
and not an English soule left in James Towne, and giving
1 The disasters of this time made stating the fact that the trouble was
"varnished reports," as the managers really " the sickness " and not " misgov-
of the enterprise called them, neces- ernment" As a further proof of this
sary, and the truth was not then fact, when De la Warr left Virginia in
known to Crashaw <ir generally in March, 1611, he made especial selec-
England. Some years after. Sir tion of Captain George Percy, in ap-
Thomas Sniythe was taken to task for proval of his government of 1G09-1610.
618 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 16U.
by their peale of shot, their last and wofull farewell to that
pleasant land, were now with sorrowf ull hearts going downe
the River : Behold the hand of heaven from above, at the
very instant, sent in the Right Honorable La-War to meet
them even at the rivers mouth, with provisions and com-
forts of all kind : Who, if hee had staled but two
[p. X.] Tydes longer had come into Virginia, and not
found one Enghshman : whereupon they all with
as much joy returned, as with sorrow they had come away,
and making as it were a new entrie and possession, tooke
up their Ordnance and their Armour and the next day
received their Honorable Lord Generall, with all joy and
applause, and from that day by Gods blessing they never
Avanting government, they never wanted bread, for him
that would take paines and do his dutie. If ever the hand
of God appeered in action of man, it was heere most evi-
dent : for when man had forsaken this businesse, God tooke
it in hand ; and when men said, now hath all the earth cast
off the care of this Plantation, the hand of heaven hath
taken hold of it : God therefore bee glorified in his owne
worke."
Crashaw then goes on to give his version of the cause why
the colony "should fall in such extremities of want."
[p. xi.] " When the two forenamed Commanders, in the
great shippe (called the Sea -Venture) were lost,
and yet saved upon the Barmudaes, then* Fleet consist-
ing of sixe or seven ships more, and fraught with almost
foure hundred men landed (after a long and terrible tem-
pest) in Virginia, where so many men wanting their Gov-
ernors, and being too many to be commanded by the Col-
ony they found there before them, fell first into factions,
and at last into plaine distractions : and so one yeare of
misgovernment overthrew that body, which till then had
prospered, and by good government was brought to so
good a state, as at their landing they had corne sufficient in
store,^ a harvest in the ground, good store of living cattell,
1 This statement is not sustained by the facts.
CRASHAW'S EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 619
and had the Savages in good correspondeneie : but this one,
yea our want of government (the most disasterous accident
that ever befell that businesse) brought all to nothing, for
it hindered the building of houses, and planting of corne,
nay it burnt up the houses, and consumed the provisions ;
so that of good store of poultrie, it left not one alive, and
of six hundred living Swine, not three : and which was
worse, consumed our men, and which was worst of all, it
lost us the Savages, which since has cost many a man his
blood, and to this day is not recovered.
" All this while were the Commanders, and their Com-
pany in the Barmudas," etc.
" My fourth and last Argument [that the planta- [p. xiii.]
tion was God's work] is, the stirring up of so many
Honorable and worthy persons of all conditions, to disburse
so freely and so willingly, such faire summes of money, and
some of them even a good part of their estate, and that with-
out any certaine or apparent hope of speedie profit," etc.
On p. XV. he gives a sketch of Mr. Glover, who " went
away with Sir Thomas Gates in June, 1611." On p. xvi.,
of Master Whitaker, and on p. xvii., of Master Bucke, who
went to Virginia " with the commendation of a right rev-
erned Prelate. Doctor Ravis, Lord Bishop of
London." " And thus (Right Honorable) you [p. xviii.]
have the reason that have satisfied my conscience,
that this worke is of God, and will therefore stand, though
man should unfaithfully forsake it," etc.
In conclusion he writes : " It may hereby
appeare they have God their friend and pro- [p. xxiii.]
tector, they have honorable and worthie Govern-
ours, godly and pamefull Preachers, a goodly Countrle and
no want of necessaries, since they had government, they
onely want the hands and helpe of men \silling and able to
do such duties of men, as be requisite in a Plantation, and
the expence that principally and almost onely noAv lyes
upon us, is the charge of sending away, a competent num-
ber of men, the charge whereof will be about 20. pound a
620 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 16M.
man. If this were done, it would soone appeare, that our
cares and costs were at an end, and that a glorious and
Comfortable Issue is shortly to bee looked for ; which how-
soever it may be deferred, through the backwardnesse of
some, back sliding of others, and coldnesse of all: yet that
it will come assuredly in the end, the goodnesse, riches, and
excellency of the Countrey, doth undoubtedly promise us,
as may appeare (beside others) in the booke lately put out,
[CCXLIV.] of Captaine Smithes^ who was there divers
yeares, (and whose paines and service there, deserves in my
judgement high commendations,) and by this exhortation
and narration of Master Whitaker, who now is there." The
editor has placed in a side - note, opposite the reference to
Captain Smithes book : " See the booke called. The New
life of Virginia." [CCX.]
Crashaw ends with a courteous address to the Lord
Eure : —
[p. xxiv.] " And these true and welcome newes from
Virginia, as they go out to the world ushered,
and attended with this my poore preface, So I send them
first to Your Lordship, as having a peculiar interest both in
them and me : . . .
*' Your Lordships devoted in Christ.
" W. Crashawe."
CCLIX. A PLAIN DESCRIPTION OF BERMUDA.
" A plaine Description of the Barmudas, now called Som-
mer Hands. With the manner of their discoverie Anno
1609. by the shipwrack and admirable deliverance of Sir
Thomas Gates, and Sir George Sommers, wherein are truly
set forth the commodities and profits of that Rich, Pleasant
and Healthf nil countrie. With an Addition, or more ample
relation of divers other remarkable matters concerning those
1 This shows from whnt source Cra- Crashaw evidently thought Smith
shaw obtained his incorrect ideas ex- deserved more commendation than he
pressed on p. xi. had received.
WILLIAM KNOLLYS
First Earl of Banbury
REPORT OF THE SPANISH COUNCIL. 621
' Hands since then experienced, lately sent from tlience by
one of the Colonic now there resident.
" Ecclesiastes iii. 11. God hath made everything beaiiti-
full in his time.
"London: Printed by W. Stansby, for W. Welby.
1613."
This tract was reprinted by Peter Force, in 1844, in vol. iii.
It consists of " The Epistle-Dedicatorie " (to Sir Thomas
Smith, " Treasurer for the Colonies and Companies of Vir-
ginia, and Governour of Muscovia, East India, North-west
Passage and Sommer Hands Companies ") which was written
just before the Martha sailed (in April, 1613 ?), and signed
" your servant in Christ Jesus. W. C." (the initials of the
Rev. Wm. Crashaw). Then Jourdan's relation (CXXXVII.)
followed by " An addition sent home by the last ships
from our Colonic in the Barmudas." April to August,
1612.
Originals, worth about $150 each, are preserved in the
John Carter-Brown Library, and in the library of Mr. Kalb-
fleisch.
CCLX. REPORT OF THE SPANISH COUNCIL.
April 20, 1613. " Madrid, Spain. Advertisements sent
from Don Alonso de Velasco, Ambassador in England, with
the Councils opinion of them and the King's direction.
April 30^^ 1613:
" Three matters of great consideration in the despatches
of Don Velasco. . . .
" The Thirde, for exchange of the Prisoners, it is good to
procure that, that may take effect which hath byne agreed
upon, and that perfect and true information be ])rocured of
the estate of Virginia, which yf the Ambassador alreadie
have not hee must procure speedilie, and accordinglie the
fittinge remedie must bee ordayned, and in case ytt doe
certainelie appeare to bee a matter of Consequence, provi-
sion must bee made to remoove tlie Enoflish from thence.
622 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, IGOO-JULY, 1614.
" The Marques of Velado agreeth with Don Juan de
Idiaques and holdeth itt convenient that this matter of Vir-
ginia bee lookt unto with much care, for that yf itt shoulde
bee soe prejudicial! for the Indies (as some doe saye) a rem-
edie may bee provided speediHe.
" The Duke de Infantado agreeth with Don Juan de
Idiaques, and addeth concerning the Prisoners, that the
change of them was longe since agreed uppon and to this
effect. The Spaniards shoulde bee sent into England and
the Englishman to this Courte, and for which Don Alonso
de Velasco ought so have laboured itt more earnestlie, and
that ytt may bee Avritten unto him, hee loose not tune in
procuringe performance of the agreement, and that hee hath
understoode yt this Pylote, all whoe will, may see him,
wherby hee judged the Spanish Prisoners to bee alreadie in
England, hee holds itt meete this Englishman be restrained,
and kept with more strictness ; because this care appearinge,
they in Englande may esteeme him the more, and seek to
procure him Release.
" The Marques de Villa Franca and the Marques de la
Laguna agreeth. . . .
" The Kinges decree was that order shoulde bee given in
aU the particulars accordinge to the opinion of the Lordes."
CCLXL EDMONDES TO JAMES I.
April 24, 1613. Paris, France. Sir Thomas Edmondes
to James I.
'• Word brought to him that Mons"" de Hauterive a nephew
of Mon"" de Villeroy's, who is newely arrived out of Spayne,
is certainly informed that the fleete which is there prepar-
ing for the West Indies is intended to be employed for the
removing of our Plantation in Virginia."
BROOKE TO ELLESMERE. 623
CCLXn. EDMONDES TO JAMES I.
April 28, 1613. Paris, France. Sir Thomas Edmondes
to James I.
..." I have agaiiie understood that parte o£ the forces
which are prepared in Sjiayne are certainely intended to
remove our plantation in Vii-ginia." . . .
CCLXIII. BROOKE TO ELLESMERE.
The following is one of the documents preserved by Mr.
John Smith of Nibley. A copy was presented to me by Mr.
Kalbfleisch of New York. It has never been printed.
April 28, 1613. Clapham. " To the Right Honourable
Thomas Lord Ellesmere Lord Chauncellor of England.
" Evelyn p. def .
" Complaynynge shewen unto your Lordshippe your dayly
oratours the Treasurer and Company of Adventurers and
Planters of the cytty of London for the first Colony in
Virginia That whereas diverse of his Majesties subjects in
the tyme of the late Queene Elizabeth of happy and famous
memory, did discover and finde out that parte of America
which was then uppon that first discovery named Virginia
in honour of the saide late Qneene and is now generallie
called and knowne by the same name and did after such
discovery made continewe from tyme to tyme to plante and
inhabite the saide countrey to theire greate charge and ex-
pences untill the tyme of the happy goverment [sic) of our
gracious soveraigne the Kings Majestie that no we is Who
beinge informed by the said planters and adventurers as
well of theire greate charge bestowed in that discovery and
plantacon, as of the greate comodities and advantages like
to arise to his Majestie and this Kingdome by the saide
plantacon did by his Letters patents under the greate scale
of England bearino-e date att Westminster the three and
624 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
twentith day of May in the seventh yeare of his raigne of
England ffraunce and Ireland and of Scotland the twoe and
ffortith, for the propagacon of Xtian religyon and reclaym-
ynge of people barbarons to civilitie and hmnanitie, give
and graunte that they the saide planters and Adventurers
and all such and soe many as shoulde from tune to tyme
forever after be joyned with them as planters and Adven-
turers in the saide plantacon and theire successors forever
shoulde bee one bodie politique incorporated by the name of
the Treasurer and Company of Adventurers and planters of
the cittie of London for the first Colony in Virgynya with
diverse graunts liberties ffranchises preheminences, privi-
ledges, profiitts, benefitts and comodities graunted in and by
the saide Letters patents as by the same more att large ytt
doth and may appeare And where as allsoe his gracious
Majestie by other his Letters patents under the greate scale
of England bearinge date att Westminster the twelveth day
of March in the ninthe yeare of his raigne of England,
ffraunce and Ireland, and of Scotland the live and ffortithe,
tendringe the good and happy successe of the saide plantacon
both in regard of the generall weale of humane society as in
respecte of the good of his Majesties owne state and King-
domes and beinge willinge to geve furthrance to all good
meanes that might advance the benefitt of the saide Com-
pany and which might secure the safetie of his subjects
planted in the saide Colony under the favour and protection
of God allmightie, and his Majesties royall power and
authoritie, did likewise geve graunte and confirme unto the
saide Treasurer and Company the said Countrey of Virgynya
with further extent of grounde and islands adjacent in the
saide last letters patents menconed and granted togeather
with such further privyledges as to his gracious Majestie
did seeme convenient for thadvancinge of so noble an
action And his saide Majestie of his more abundant grace
and favour to the saide plantation did allsoe cause a peculier
and speciall clause to bee incerted in the saide Letters patents
namely that whereas the faylinge and none payment of
BROOKE TO ELLESMERE. 625
such monies as have benne promised in adventure for the
advancement of the saide plantacon hath benne often by
experience founde to bee dangerous and prejudicial! to the
same and much to have hindered the progresse and pro-
ceedinge of the saide pLmtacon And for that ytt seemed
unto his Majestie a thinge reasonable that such persones as
by theire handwritinge have ingaged themselves for the pay-
ment of theire Adventures and afterwards neglectinge theire
faithe and promise shoulde be compellable to make good and
keepe the same that therefore his Majesties will and pleas-
ure was that in any suyte or suytes comenced or to bee
comenced in any of his Majesties Courts att Westminster or
elsewhere by the saide Treasurer and Companie or other-
wise against any such persones, that his Judges for the tyme
beinge both in the Courte of Chauncerie and att the Comon
Lawe shoulde favor and further the saide suyttes soe farre
fourth as lawe and equitie will in any wise suffer and per-
mitt as in and by the saide last recited letters patents
amongst diverse other favours and pryvyledges therein con-
teyned ytt doth and may more att large appeare And after
the saide first grauute of Incorporacon soe obteyned the
saide Treasurer and Company did sett f ourthe diverse shippes
fraught and furnished with all kinde of necessary provisyon
and munition and well manned with soldiers and persons of
other qualities and conditions fitt for such an enterprise
hopinge and intendinge by that greate charge and prepa-
ration to have perfected and setled that plantacon Butt
findinge ytt afterwards to bee a worke of greater difficultie,
and beinge informed by S" Thomas Gates knight whom
they had imployed there with the charge and title of Gen-
erall of that Colony who was newly sent home from Vir-
ginia for that purpose, that greater supply of men and
money was requisite and necessary for the accomplishment
of that honourable action and the establishment of the saide
plantacon the saide Company entred into a ncAve counsell
and findinge that without a newe aide and supply to bee
sent unto Virginia such as was required by the saide
626 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
S" Thomas Gates in the name of the Lord Governour and
Colony there, soe honourable and religious an action must
fall to the grounde to the utter overthrowe of the saide
Company, the losse of all theire former charges and expences
the detriment of Christian religion and greate prejudice
unto this Kingdome ytt was finallie concluded and agreed
that as well all those who had benne former adventurers in
the saide plantacon and free of the saide Company as those
who were to bee received into the freedome, society and
ffellowshippe of the saide Company for the tyme to come
shold severallie and particulerly adventure and lay downe
towards a newe supply to bee sent for the relief of the saide
Colony in Virginia the some of three-score and fiifteene
pounds att the least for every particuler mans adventure, the
saide some to bee paide in three yeares. that is to say the
some of five and twentie pounds every yeare and the first
payment thereof to begynne and bee at the tyme of such
persons underwritinge
" Whereuppon the same beinge made knowne diverse and
sundiy persons as well of those who were free of the saide
company as others that desired to bee free of the saide ffel-
lowshippe and corporacon in consideracon of theu-e ft'ree-
dome and for that theire names shoulde bee incerted as free-
men and adventurers in the saide second Letters patents
and for diverse other good causes and consideracons them
thereunto movinge did promise unto the saide Treasurer and
Company that they woulde disburse, pay in and deliver
unto the saide Treasurer everie one of them the some of
tlireescore and fiifteene pounds att least and diverse other
persons out of theire good affection and inclynation to soe
honourable and Christian an action did promise to disburse
and pay unto the saide Treasurer greater somes of mony
whereof the payments were to bee made in three years pro-
portionably in manner aforesaide
" And thereuppon in the months of November and Decem-
lier in the eight yeare of his Majesties raigne and att diverse
tymes sciuce in a booke and in certeine roUes to that purpose
BROOKE TO ELLESMERE. 627
made by generall advise and consent with a title and in-
scription in the begynnynge of the saide booke and severall
rolles conteyuynge the purpose and premisses of the saide
adventurers every one of the saide adventurers that had soe
promised to adventure did write downe his name with the
some that he did promise to adventure for the three yeares
insuinge thereby testifieenge the saide agreement and prom-
ises of purpose more assuredlie to binde themselves to the
saide Treasurer and Company for the true performance of
tlieire promised adventures and to geve incouragement and
assurance of indempnitie to the saide Treasurer and Com-
pany for the disbursinge and layinge out of such greate
somes of money as shoulde bee thought requisite and nec-
essary for the relief and supply of the saide Colony And
afterwards accordinge to the saide promise agreement and
underwritinge many reverend prelates Earles Lords honour-
able and vertuous ladies knights gentlemen cittizens of
good accompt and quallitie and others did pay in unto the
Treasurer of the said Company such somes of mony as they
had agreed and underwritten to pay — who uppon such pay-
ment delivered them billes of receipt and infranchisement
sealed with the comon scale of the saide Company After
which severall agreements and promises soe made and ex-
ecuted in manner aforesaide the saide Treasurer and Com-
pany did undertake to furnish the saide Colony with all
things necessary, and did from time to time sende out
shippes for the advancement of the saide plantacon suffi-
ciently furnished with able governours and comaunders both
att sea and land with sufficient nombers of men as well say-
lers soldiers husbandmen ffishermen as artezans of sundry
kindes for the necessitie of that busines with all sorts of
victualls and severall kinds of cattle with other necessaries
and conveniences of severall natures requisite for the set-
hnge of that plantacon and for the sustenance and well
beinge of the colony to theire greate and excessive charge,
which charge amountinge to many thousand poundes more
then they had ready meanes to satisfie the saide Treasurer
628 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
and Company were inforced to ingage themselves and theire
creditts for very greate somes of money which they the
more readiHe and wilHngHe did adventure to doe for the
generall cause in hope to bee freed and saved harmeles by
the monies to bee received from the saide adventurers, which
they assured themselves everie one as hee was bounde in
honestie and conscience, woulde pay in his due tyme ac-
cordinofe to that which hee had underwritten But nowe soe
ytt is, may ytt please your good Lordshippe, that many of
the said adventurers out of a carelesse and covetous disposi-
tion have not only refused to sende in theire saide adven-
tures att the times due by theire owne agreement and under-
writinge but being required and sent unto for the same
monies some of them doe make slight and dilatorie an-
sweares and others doe utterlie deny to pay the same unles
they shalbee hereunto by lawe compelled as namelie S'
Henry Nevill of [a blank, slc~\ in the countie of Kent
knight, havinge in November 1610 in and towards the saide
adventure and plantacon and for the consideracons aforc-
saide promised att the tymes and dayes of payment afore-
menconed to pay in the some of threescore and fifteene
poundes and havinge in November aforesaide underwritten
for the payment of the same hath not paide in the saide
some of threescore and ffifteene pounds nor anye parte
thereof accordinge to his saide promise and underwritinge
and likewise S"" Henrye Carye S"^ William Cornewallis S''
John Cutts the younger Sir George Huntley S'" John Rad-
cliffe S"" Walter Chute S' Arthur Manwaringe S'" John S*
John and S"" Thomas ffreake kniohts John Vauofhan Rich-
ard Monyngton, John Smithe and Arthur Ingram Esquires
William Hall and Edmond Allen havynge in like manner
about the same time everie one of them the saide Knights
Esquires and others for himselfe severallie and respectivelie
in and towards the saide adventures and plantacon for the
consideracons aforesaid promised att the tymes and dales of
payment before menconed to pay in and deliver everye of
them severalhe the some of threescore and ffifteene poundes
BROOKE TO ELLESMERE. 629
a piece which they the aforesaid S' Henry Carey and the
lest of the aforesaid Knights, esquires and others did every
one of them severally and respectivelie assume and promise
to pay in accordinglie Yet never the les neither they the
saide parties nor any of them have att all made payment
of the saide some accordinge to theire severall promisses nor
of any parte or parcell thereof But are all and everye of
them behinde and areare with theire saide severall and re-
spective somes of three score and fEfteene pounds a piece
and with everye parte thereof
" And further S'" Thomas Connyngsby of [^sic, a
blank] in the Countie of Heref knight and Richard Hall
of London marchant haA-ynge likewise about the tyme
aforesaide either of them severallie for hiinselfe in and
towards the saide adventures and plantacon and for the
consideracons aforesaide promised att the dayes and tymes
before menconed by equall payments either of them sever-
allie to pay in and deliver the some of f&ftie poundes a
piece And likewise S"" Willm Boulestrode of in the
Countie of \_slc, blanks] knighte havynge allsoe in
November aforesaide promised and underwritten for the
intent and causes aforesaide to pay in the some of five and
twentie poundes att three severall dayes by equall payments
proportioned and devided And allsoe Nicholas Wheeler of
\_sic, blank] havynge allsoe promised about the tyme
aforesaide to pay in the some of twelve pounds and tenne
shillmges att a day by him agreed and underwritten, they
the saide Sir Thomas Connyngsby Richard Hall Sir Will??!
Boulestrode and Nicholas Wheeler nor any of them have
made payment of the saide last menconed severall somes of
mony nor any parte thereof soe by them severallie prom-
ised as aforesaide but are all and everie of them likewise
behinde and areare with theire saide severall and respective
somes and Avitli every parte thereof
" By meanes of all which promisses not only your Lord-
shippes ora tours are like greately to bee prejudiced in theire
owne estates and utterly overthrowne in theire creditts
630 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
and this soe honourable and Christian an action which
was in soe greate forwardnes of prosequucon utterly relin-
quished and neglected to the greate dishonour and detri-
ment of this Kingdome but allsoe many of his Majesties
subjects in a farre countrey must bee abandoned and lefte
to the dang-er of famishina;e and to the cruell rag'e of the
barbarous infidels. In tender consideracon whereof and
for the avoidinge of multiplicitie of suytes att the comon
Lawes wherein your Oratours cannot hope for soe certeine
and speedy a remedy as the extremytie of theire case and
the present necessitie and importance of the busines re-
quireth Your Lordshippes Oratours doe in all humblenes
beeseche your Lordshippe accordinge to his Majesties afore-
saide direccon menconed and recomended unto Your Lord-
ship and other his Judges in the saide last recited letters
patents and of your accustomed goodnes to graunte unto
your saide Orators his Majesties most gracious writte of
supna to bee directed to the said S'" Henry Nevill. S"" Henry
Carey, S"" Wilb/i Cornewallisj S" John Cutts the younger,
S-^ George Huntley, S"" John RadclifiPe, S"" Walter Chute, S"^
Arthm' Manwaringe, S" John S* John, S'" Thomas ffreake,
John Vaughan, Richard Monyngton John Smythe Arthur
Ingram, Will«2 Hall, S' Willm Boulestrode and Nicholas
Wheeler [Edmond Allen, Sir Thomas Connyngsby, and
Richard Hall are not named ; but their names have been
probably omitted by an oversight.] comandinge them and
every of them att a certeine day and under a certeine j)ayne
therein to bee lymitted to bee and personallie to appeare
before your Lordshippe in his Majesties highe Courte of
Chauncery then and there to answeare the premisses and
to sett downe uppon theire Corporall oathes wheather they
and every of them have not made such promise or under-
written theire names in such booke or rolles [a word torn
off] aforesaide as adventurers towards the saide plantacon
or supply of the saide Colony of Virgynya And whether
they or any of them have paide the saide severall somes
which they severally promised as aforesaide and for which
NICHOLAS LEATE
PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. 631
they underwritt or how much thereof they or anie of them
have paide and what or how much thereof is behinde and
unpaide And to abide such further order and direccon
herein as to your Lordship etc.
" Chris : Brooke."
[Mem. — On the 26*'* of April 1613 seven good ships
sailed from London and on the 13*"^ of May, set sail from
Queenborough — set forth by the Muscovy Company, under
their charter of March 13*^ last to fish for whale, to drive
away interlopers and to make further discovery. [See
the account of this voyage in " Archaeologia Americana,"
vol. iv. pp. 239-314, and Purchas, vol. iii. pp. 716-
720.] They returned to England September 6. See
CCLXXXVIIL]
CCLXIV. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SI}fANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 10.
Copy of a part of a decij)hered letter of H. M. to Don
Alonso de Velasco, dated Madrid, May 19, 1613.
" You will make every effort to carry into effect the
exchange of the prisoners of Virginia, since it is so long-
ago now that it was agreed upon and the pilot of the Eng-
lish is detained here all the time to surrender him here as
soon as over there they shall surrender to us our men — and
you will not take your hand from it till it is accomplished."
CCLXV. PHILIP ni. TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 11.
Copy of a deciphered letter of H. j\L to Don Alonso de
Velasco, dated Madrid, May 23, 1613.
" Although it is understood that for the present the col-
onization and the fortification of Virginia by the English
632 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
cannot cause any appreliension, nevertheless I shall be glad
to hear all the details that can be ascertained about this
matter — and thus I charge and command you to try to find
them out by all possible means — also the plans which they
now have there, since the death of the Prince of Wales,
on the same subject — and you will report to me all about
this and about anything else that may present itself."
CCLXVI. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
May 13, 1613. Madrid. Digby to James I.
..." They have further the last weeke had a Consulta-
tion concerninge Virginia, but theire resolution is not to
stirre therein untill they shall bee better informed of ye true
state thereof. For that here, by the advertisements that
they have had out of Englande, they are yet in a greate hope
that the businesse will fall of ittselfe. Though Don Pedro
de Cufiiga att his Laste beeing in England, mooved that the
remoovinge of our Plantation might bee noe longer deferred
as your Majestic shall see by the Copie of a Letter sent from
him in September laste." [CCLXVII. ; but see CCXXIII.
of July 22, 1612, which is evidently the same.]
CCLXVII. ZUNIGA TO PHILIP III.
The following was inclosed in the foregoing letter ; it is
a contemporary translation.
" A Letter from Don Pedro de Cunega of ye 22. of 7^"^^
1612, concerning Verginia, to the King of Spain.
" S' There is come hether a shippe from Virginia and
although some principall men and others suppose that the
Plantation there doth rather diminish then increase, I have
understoode by a friende of good Credit, that they treate
and have a determination to marrie some of ye People that
goe thether with the Virginians ; and hee telleth mee that
there are fortie or fiftie persons alreadie married there and
VELASCO TO PHILIP III. 633
other En<jllsli interming-led with them and that the weomen
which were sent over live amongst the Virginians and are
reeeaved and used kindelie by them, and that they wonded a
certain zealous Minister of their secte for reprehendinge itt.
They have made a Lotterie out of which they will raise 20.
thousande Ducattes and herewith sende away six shippes
with all the People the}^ can procure, uppon this pretext of
their turninge Infidels, itt wilbee an easie matter to remove
tlieise People from thence in the beginninge, for the not
punishinge hereof is the cawse why they soe boldelie attempt
others, as your Majestic may well perceave, for they have
alreadie howses and begin another Plantation in Terra Nova,
in the partes where the greate fishinges are, and now itt will
bee to ye purpose to punish itt, which if itt may bee done
they shall perceave that your Majestic will not proceed with
them altogether by intreatie, which hath alreadie made them
more presumptions, then theire owne forces can promise
them.
" London 22. of Septem'".
" God preserve Your Majestie."
CCLXVIII. VELASCO TO PHILIP III,
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO 66.
Copy of a letter from Don Alonso de Velasco to the King of
Spain, dated London, May 30, 1613.
" Sire. —
" Of the two ships which sailed from here for Bermuda at
the end of January [21] of this year, one has returned and
the report which it brings, is tliat the Country is good and
healthy, and that all they had planted brought forth much
fruit — that on the East and the West side of this island
the Coast is steep and and there is no port ; but on the
North they have found a very good harbour, altho' the
entrance to it was very difficult — that there fell also a
634 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
river, that could be sounded and had good water, into this
harbour. They had commenced to settle at this port the
peoj)le who remained behind, who might be about two hun-
dred and fifty persons. With a view to this, some mer-
chants are now exerting themselves to put two other ships
in order, in which every kind of workmen shall go, who will
receive a share in the distribution of land. From Viro-inia
no news has been received for several months, and from the
straights in which they were according to the last reports
from there, great fears are entertained that hunger may
have made an end of those people. The Indians were hold-
ing them in such strict confinement that they could not leave
their forts without running great danger. Thus they are
here discouraged about this plan, on account of the heavy
expenses they have incurred, and the disappointment, that
there is no passage from there to the South Sea, as they had
hoped, nor mines of gold or silver.
"May our Lord preserve Y. M. as all Christendom
needeth.
" London. May 30. 1613.
"Don Alonso de Velasco."
CCLXIX. DIGBY TO CARLETON.
May 22, 1613. Madrid. Digbye*to Carleton.
..." Concerning our plantation of Virginia (which I
have often written unto your Lordship is a greate eye-sore
unto them) thei have lately had severall consultations about
yt. Their resolution is, that yt must bee removed, though
thei have thought yt fitt for a while to suspende ye execu-
tion, till thei gett perfect information of the state thereof.
For that thei are not yet out of hope, that the businesse
may fall of ytselfe, since thei see yt not mantayned by the
King nor State, but only uphelde by Lotteries, and such like
uncertaine shiftes. For our new plantation in ye Bermudos
(whereof your Lordship will have formerly heard) yt yet
prospereth better then that of Virginia, and giveth greater
I
DIGBY TO LAKE. 635
iiicoiiragement to prosecute yt. For that good commodities
have aUready been brought from thence. And yt is ^^Titten
unto me for eertaine, that a poore fellowe by stealth con-
voyed home mto Engknde as muche Amber-greece, as was
sokle in London for six hundred pound starhng. The
Spaniards had thought to have attempted this yeare the
removino- of us from thence ; and to that ende, the laste
summer sent a shipp thither to make discoverye; and to
inform e them of ye fittest course that was to be helde for
the assayUng of us. But the sayd shipp is returned without
having donne anything. AUeaging, that thei by no nieanes
coukl finde the Islande. But by examination yt is probable,
that thei were afrayd to come neere yt, by cause of the Eng-
lishe. Moste of the men are clapped up in prison at Sevill.
And the Captaine and eight more of the clieife of them are
brought up to this Towne in cheiues, where yt is thought
thei will bee proceeded against with muche rigour."
CCLXX. DIGBY TO LAKE.
May 26, 1613. Madrid. Digbye to Sir Thomas Lake.
..." They have latelie had here severall Consultations
about our Plantation inVirginia, The resolution is — That itt
must bee remooved but they thinke itt fitt to suspende the ex-
ecution of itt 'till they receave perfect information in what
state itt nowe is, for that they are in hope that itt will fall of
ittselfe. They have geven precise order to tlieire Ambassa-
dour speediHe to advertise what hee can learne of itt, and that
hee use all meanes for the restitution of the Spaniards that
were left there. And to this ende have clapt upp Clarke the
Englishe Pilote into close Prison, and I heare they meane to
sende him to the Galleis, hopmge therebie that Clarke's
freinds, to redeeme him will labour for the restitution of the
other, by whome they hope to discover the true State of
Virofinia."
636 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCLXXI. DIGBY TO JA^LES I.
June 4, 1613. Madrid. Digbye to James I.
..." There went from hence ye Spanish Ambassadour ^
in England with directions to this effect : that though yt was
conceived by ye King of Spayne that the plantation and
fortifications of the Englishe m Virginia neede not (in the
case yt now standeth) give muche cause of feare, yet to the
ende, that heere may bee taken ye fittest resolutions, hee
commaundethe him to procure a true and certains informa-
tion of the present estate thereof. And what the intent of
your Majestie and the Enghshe is in this pointe. And
whether bussinesses of that nature growe not muche colder
since the deathe of the late Prince. And Kkewise, that
hee informe himself very particularly concerning the Ber-
mudos, and give speedy advertisement hither."
CCLXXII. INSTRUCTIONS TO GONDOMAR.
1613. " Extract from the Secret Instructions of Don Diesfo
Sarmiento de Acuiia, sent by the King of Spain as his
Ambassador into England." (Translation.)
" And itt shalbee fitt for you having perused those copies
(of despatches sent heretofore to Don Pedro de Quniga,^
Marques de Flores et Avila) and informed yourselfe uppon
them from the said Marques and Don Alonso de Velasco in
what estate these matters (the marriages made with France)
stande, as also these others specified in the saide Copies
about the League of ye Protestants, the Peopling of Vir-
ginia, the suits of ye English, of ye Py rates, and of ye
ConsuUs and that yowe prosecute al those matters, as yf
they were here given yowe in your Instruction, and that
yowe advertize mee often of whatsoever shall succeede
thereuppon."
^ This was the celebrated Diego mar, going to try to suppress English
Sarmiento de Acuna, Count de Gondo- colonization in America.
2 Ziihifra.
SHAKESPEARE'S HENRY VIIL 637
[Mem. — Rev. Thomas Lorkin to Sir Thomas Puckering,
Bart.
" London, June 30. 1613. ... No longer since than yes-
terday, while Burbage's Company were acting at the Globe
the play of Henry VIIL, and there shooting off certain
chambers in way of triumph, the fire catched and fastened
upon the thatch of the house, and there burn so furiously,
as it consumed the whole house, all in less than two hours,
the people having enough to do to save themselves."
Burbage and Shakespeare had been associated in this
house, in which the latter gained his great reputation, and
" the play of Henry VIIL" was Shakespeare's. Cranmer's
prophecy, act v. scene 4, contains these words : —
" But as when
The bird of wonder dies, the maiden phoenix,
Her ashes new create another heir,
As great in admiration as herself ;
So shall she [Queen Elizabeth] leave her blessedness to one,
(When heaven shall call her from this cloud of darkness.)
Who, from the sacred ashes of her honour,
Shall star-like rise, as great in fame as she was,
And so stand fix'd : Peace, plenty, love, truth, terror,
That were the servants to this chosen infant,
Shall then be his [King James I.], and like a vine grow to him;
Wherever the bright sun of heaven shall shine,^
His honour and the greatness of his name
Shall be, and make new nations : He shall flourish,
And, like a inountain cedar, reach Ms branches
To all the plains about him : ^ Our children's children
Shall see this, and bless heaven."]
1 We find this idea also in Bacon's the New World by the plantation of
Advertisement touching an Holy War: Virginia and the Summer Islands.
" As one saith in a brave kind of And certainly, it is with the kingdoms
expression, the sun never sets in the on earth as it is in the kingdom of
Spanish dominions, but ever shines heaven ; sometimes a grain of mus-
upon one pait or other of them." tard-seerf proves n great tree. Who can
2 Bacon, in his celebrated speech to tell ? "
the speaker of the House of Commons, The Virginia Council, in CXIV.,
January 30, 1621, when enumerating prayed to God "So to nourish this
the " benefits, attributes and acts of graine of seed, that it may spread till
government " of James I., says, " This all people of the earth admire the
kingdom now first in his Majesty's greatnesse, and seek the shades and
times hath gotten a lot or portion in fruite thereof."
638 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCLXXIII. VELASCO TO PHILIP HI.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO 52.
Copy of an original letter from Don Alonso de Velasco to
the King of Spain, dated London, July 12, 1613.
The italicized part is in cipher in the original.
Sire.
" In a letter of May 23d. [13] which I received two days
ago, Y. M. commands me, without ever taking my hand
from it, to insist with the King here upon granting their
freedom to the prisoners in Virginia, in exchange for the
English pilot who is at your Court.
" I have reported to Y. M. the last effort I made in a
special audience which the King gave me, and how he
ordered that they should at once write to the Governor of
Virginia, that he should send the prisoners here, and how
this order went out in a ship which sailed for Bermuda
about a month after, in order to reinforce the colony which
they have been establishing on a large harbour, which, how-
ever, is difficult of access, and which they discovered in the
northern part of the island, because all the rest of the
island is inaccessible. From there it was to sail from Vir-
ginia, but now for more than nine months no news of it
have been received, and according to the last reports it is
believed that the people must have perished, partly from
disease, to which the country is subject and partly from
starvation, with which they were threatened, as the Indians
kept them so closely besieged, that they could not come out
from the fort to search for provisions. Thus this planta-
tion has lost much ground, as it was sustained by companies
of merchants, who were disappointed at finding no gold,
nor silver mines, nor the passage to the South sea, which
they had hoped for. They now fix their eyes upon the
colony in Bermuda, partly because of its fertility and being
DALE TO SIR THOMAS SMITH. 639
unoccupied (by savages) so that they will meet with no
opposition. When as it seems to them that in the course
of time titer e must he a rupture loith Y. M., they will he
able from this island, which lies right in the way of
ships returning from the Indies^ to take many prizes,
especially as there is hut one safe harhor in the island, if
they have time to fortify that, as they mean to do with
great earnestness. May our Lord preserve Y. M., as
Christendom needeth it. London July 12. 1613.
"Don Alonso de Velasco."
[Mem. — The Elizabeth, Captain Adams, left Virginia
about June 28, 1613, and arrived in England about July
20, 1613, bringing the following documents : Dale to
Sir Thomas Smith (CCLXXIV.), Argall to Hawes
(CCLXXV.), Molina to Velasco, May }i (CCLXXVIIL),
Molina to Velasco, June 28 (CCLXXIX.), and probably
other documents now lost.
This ship brought the first news from Virginia which
had reached England since about September, 1612, " which
put some life into that action, that before was almost at the
last cast." See CCLXXXI. She also, probably, brought
to England Rolfe's crop of tobacco of 1612 ; which is said
to have been the first crop cultivated by an Englishman in
America, and the first third of '' the amber-greece " from
the Bermudas.]
CCLXXIV. DALE TO SIR THOMAS SMITH.
Sir Thomas Dale's letter to Sir Thomas Smith, dated June,
1613. An extract only, but all that remains.
" Let me tell you all at home this one thing, and I pray
remember it ; if you give over this country and loose it,
you, with your wisdoms, will leap such a gudgeon as our
state hath not done the like since they lost the Kingdom of
France ; be not gulled with the clamorous report of base
people ; believe Caleb and Joshua ; if the glory of God
640 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
have no power with them and the conversion of these poor
infidels, yet let the rich mammons' deshe eg'ge them on to
inhabit these countries. I protest unto you, by the faith of
an honest man, the more I range the country the more I
admire it. I have seen the best countries in Europe ; I
protest unto you, before the Living God, put them all to-
gether, this country will be equivalent unto them if it be
inhabitant with good people."
See also Stith's " History of Vii-ginia," pp. 132, 287.
CCLXXV. ARGALL TO HAWES.
" A Letter of Sir Samuell ArgoU touching his Voyage to
Virginia, and Actions there : Written to Master Nicholas
Hawes. June 1613." [From Purchas, iv. pp. 1764—
1765.]
" Master Hawes, within seven weekes after my depart-
ure from the Coast of England, being the three and
twentieth of July, 1612. I fell with the Coast of Virginia,
in the Latitude of fortie degrees, the twelfth of September,
with all my men in good health, the number being sixtie
two, and all my victualls very well conditioned : my course
being fiftie leagues to the Northward of the Azores. The
seventeenth, I arrived at Point Comfort, where by the dis-
creet and provident government of Sir Thomas Gates, and
great paines and hazard of Sir Thomas Dale, I found both
the countrey and people in farre better estate there, then
the report was by such as came home in Sir Robert Mans-
field's ship. From my arrivall untill the first of Novem-
The Deliver- ber, I Spent my time in helping to repaire such
ance. ships and Boats, as I found lieere decayed for
lacke of Pitch and Tarre : and in pursuing the Indians with
_, . . Sir Thomas Dale, for theire corne, of which we
Inis was in ... . ,
the river of got somc quautitic, wliicli wc wcrc like to have
bought very deerely : for by the Providence of
God, Sir Thomas Dale escaped killing very narrowly. Then
KICriARO MARTIN, Esquire
ARGALL TO HA WES. 641
about the beginning of November, by the advice His voyage
of Sir Thomas Gates, I carried Sir Thomas Dale ^i^Jhs^'
to Sir Thomas Smiths Island to have his opinion ^^^"'*-
of the inhabiting of it ; who, after three dayes march in
discovering it, approved very well of the place : and so much
the better, because we found abundance of fish there, and
very great Cod, which Ave caught in five fathome water, of
which we are in hope to get a great quantitie this Summer,
for the reHefe of our men, as also to find safe passage for
Boats and Barges thither, by a cut out of the bottome of
our Bay, into the De la Warre Bay. For which De la War
fishing and better Discovery, I have my ship ^^^'
readie, with my Company in as good health, as at my arri-
val!, and as they have continued ever since : for which God
be glorified, to whom we give daily thankes, for the contin-
uance of his mercy.
" After my returne from Sir Thomas Smiths Hand, I
fitted my ship to fetch corne from Patowomeck, ^^ ^^^ ^^
by trading Avith the Indians, and so set sayle ^s^ ^° ^^^^-
from Point Comfort the first of December : and Penbrooke
being entred into Penbrooke River, I met with
the King of Pastancie a. hunting, who went pres- Ayapassus
ently aboord with me, seeming to be very glad anee of
of my comming, and told me thatt all the Indians P=i^*^°"e-
there were my very great friends, and that they had good
store of corne for mee, which they had provided the yeere
before, which we found to be true. Then I carried my
ship presently before his Towne, and there built me a stout
shallop, to get the corne aboord withall, which being done,
and having concluded a peace Avith divers other Indian
Lords, and likewise given and taken * Hostages : * q y^^^
I hasted to James Towne, beeing: the first ^"?!.s°^
ro-i -1 . . Swift,
[31. ?] of January, and arrived at Point Com- Rob. Sparkes
fort the first of February.
" In this Voyage I got 1100. bushels of Corne, which I
delivered into the severaU storehouses, according unto the
direction of Sir T. Gates : besides the quantitie of 300.
642 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
bushels, reserved for mine Company. As soone I had
unladen this Corne, I set my 'men to the felHng of Timber,
for the building of a Frigat, which I left half e finished in
The second the liauds of the Carpenters at Point Comfort,
PeuEoke t^^ 1^- ^* March : and returned myselfe with the
River. gj^ip ii^to Pcmbrook River, and so discovered to
the head of it, which is about 65. leagues into the land,
Note — ^^^ navigable for any ship. And then marching
Great store ijjto tlic Couutric, I f ouud OTcat store of Cattle as
01 Oxen in . . ^ , _, " . ^
Peubrooke big as Kiuc [Bisou], of wliich, the Indians that
were my guides, killed a couple which wee found
to be very good and wholesome meate, and are very easie to
be killed in regard they are heavy, slow, and not so wild as
A Myne. otlier bcasts of the wildernesse. In this Journie
A medici- ^ Hkewisc f ouud a Myne, of which I have sent a
nabie Earth, ti'iall iuto Engj-land : and hkewise a strang-e kind
of Earth, the vertue whereof I know not ; but the Indians
A water that ©ate it f or Pliysickc, alleaging that it curetli the
testVof^ sicknesse and paine of the belly. I likewise
AUum. found a kind of water issuing out of the Earth,
which hath a tart taste much like unto Allum-water, it is
good and wholesome : for my men did drinke much of it.
An Earth and ucvcr found it otherwise. I also found an
like Gumme. gj^j.^}^ j^g ^ Guiume, wliitc and cleere ; another
HkrTe^r*^ sort red like Terra sigillata ; another very white,
sigiiiata. and of so light a substance, that being cast into
the water, it swimmeth.
" Whilst I was in this businesse, I was told by certaine
Indians, my friends, that the Great Powhatans
The great -r-w i t. i i • • i i
Kinj,- Pato- Daughter Pokahuntis was with the great Kmg
-ftomec . Patowoneck, whether I presently repaired, resolv-
ing to possesse myselfe of her by any stratagem that I could
use, for the ransoming of so many Englishmen as were pris-
oners with Powhatan ; as also to get such armes and tooles,
as hee, and other Indians had got by murther and stealing
from others of our Nation, with some quantitie of corne,
for the Colonies relief e. So soone as I came to an anchor
ARGALL TO HAWES. 643
before the Towne, I manned my Boate and sent on shoare,
for the King of Pastancy and Ensigne S\^dft (whom I had
left as a pledge of our love and truce, the Voyage before)
who presently came and brought my pledge with him :
whom after I had received, I brake the matter to this King,
and told him, that if he did not betray Pokohuntis into my
hands ; wee would be no longer brothers nor friends. Hee
alleaged, that if hee should undertake this businesse, then
Powhatan would make warres upon him and his people ;
but upon my promise, that I would joyne with him against
him, hee repaired presently to his brother, the great King
of Patowomeck, who being made acquainted with the mat-
ter, called his Counsell together: And after some few
houres deliberation, concluded rather to deliver her into
my hands, then lose my friendship, so presently, poeahuntis
he betrayed her into my Boat, wherein I car- *^^®'^-
ried her aboord my ship. This done, an Indian was dis-
patched to Powhatan, to let him know, that I had taken
his Daug-hter : and if he would send home the EnarHshmen
(whom he deteined in slaverie, with such armes and tooles,
as the Indians had gotten, and stolne) and also a great
quantitie of come, that then he should have his daughter re-
stored, otherwise not. This newes much grieved this great
King, yet, without delay, he returned the messenger with
this answer. That he desired me to use his Daughter well,
and bring my ship into his River, and there he would give
mee my demands : wdiich being performed, I should deliver
him his Daughter, and we should be friends.
" Having received this answer, I presently departed from
Patowomeck, being the 13. of Aprill, and repayred with all
speed to Sir T. Gates, to know of him upon what condition
he would conclude this peace, and what he would demand :
to whom I also delivered my prisoner, towards whose ran-
some within few dayes, this King sent home seven of our
men, who seemed to be very joy full for that they
were freed from the slavery and feare of cruell
murther, which they daily before lived in. They brought
644 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
also three pieces, one broad Axe, and a long whip-saw, and
one canow of Corne. I beeing quit of my prisoner, went
forward with the Frigat which I had left at Point Comfort,
and finished her.
" Thus having put my ship in hand to be fitted for an in-
tended fishing Voyage, I left that businesse to be followed
by my Master with a ginge of men, and my Lieutenant for-
tified on slioare with another ginge to fell timber, and
cleave plankes to build a fisliing Boat ; my Ensigne with
another giuge was imployed in the Frigat, for getting of
fish at Cape Charles, and transporting it to Henries Towne
for the reliefe of such men as were there : and myselfe with
a fourth ginge departed out of the River in my shallop, the
His third ^^^^ ^^ ^^J? ^^^ ^^ discovcr the East side of our
Discovery. Bay, whicli I fouiid to have many small Rivers
in it, and very good harbours for Boats and Barges, but
not for ships of any great burthen ; and also great store of
Inhabitants, who seemed very desirous of our love, and so
much the rather, because they had received good reports
from the Indians of Pembrock River, of our courteous
usage of them, whom I found trading with me for corne,
whereof they had great store. We also discovered a mul-
titude of Hands bearing good Medow ground, and as I
thinke, Salt might easily be made there, if there Avere any
Kerned Salt po^ds digged, for that I found Salt kerned where
found. i\^Q water had over-flowne in certain places. Here
is also great store of fish, both shel-fish and other. So
having discovered along the shore some f ortie leagues North-
ward, I returned againe to my ship, the twelfth
^^ ' ""' of May, and hasted forward my businesse left in
hand at my departure : and fitted up my ship, and built
my fishing Boate, and made readie to take the first oppor-
tunitie of the wind for my fishing Voyage, of which I be-
seech God of his mercy to blesse us."
He was going fisliing for Frenchmen.
VELASCO TO PHILIP III. 645
CCLXXVI. PORTION OF VIRGINIA AND SUMMER
ISLAND HISTORY.
KIMBOLTON MS. NUMBER 205.
March 12, 1612-3, to June, 1613. Portion of what ap-
pears to have been a liistory of the Virginian and Summer
Islands settlements. The eight pages remaining consist
chiefly of an abstract of the ^'thu'd charter" to the Vir-
ginia Company, dated March 12, 9 James I. Mention is
made also of the " separation of the Summer Islands from
the Virginian body," of Captain Argall's voyage in 1612,
and of a letter from him to Mr. Nicholas Hawes in June,
1613, in which he gave a more favorable account of the
colonies than had been expected.
CCLXXVII. VELASCO TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO 46.
Copy of a holographic letter of Don Alonso de Velasco to
H. M., dated London, August 2, 1613.
Sire.
" Three days ago, [July 20 ?] came to this city a ves-
sel from Virginia, after more than nine months, during
which no news had reached here from that country, and
as this special opportunity offers, I send herewith a letter
[CCLXXVIIL] which I have received from Don Diego de
MoHna, whom I believed to be dead with the others who
were with him. The bearer of the letter is sick ; as soon
as he gets better I shall make him come to me and I will
open communications with the others as to what is doing, of
which I shall render an account to Your Majesty, ascertain-
ing as positively as it can possibly be done that all I can
see so far shows that what I have written to Y. M. about
that country, has come true. From the Bermuda this ship
646 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
brings a few pearls and some amber, and they are every
day more bent upon aiding that Colony.
" May Ou'^ Lord protect Y. M. as is needful.
" From London, August 2*^ 1613.
"Don Alonso de Velasco."
CCLXXVIII. MOLINA TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO 47 {CONNECTED WITH FOLIO 46).
Copy of a holographic letter of Don Diego de Molina (it is
not said to whom it is directed), dated Vu-ginia, May 28,
1613. (It must have been addressed to Don Alonso de
Velasco.)
" The person who will hand you this is perfectly trust-
worthy and you can rely upon all he tells you, and thus I
shall not say much in this letter, but only state what is most
important.
" Altho' my miprisonment followed by such extraordinary
adventures will have opened H. M.'s eyes and led him to see
this new Algiers in America, which is being established here,
I do not marvel that he should not have corrected this evil
in all this long time, since the delivery would require a
voyage — especially as there is wanting all certain knowl-
edge for its carrying out — altho' I believe that with your
own great intelligence and with the going of thlg Caravel to
Spain, H. M. will have been able to decide what is of most
importance, and that this would be to cut short the advance
of a Hydra in its infancy, since the intention is the destruc-
tion of the whole West, by sea as well as on land, and I do
not doubt that great results will follow, because the advan-
tages of this place are such as to make it a rendezvous of all
the pirates of Europe, Avliere they will be well received.
This nation has great ideas of a league Avith them and it will
be very powerful, even by itself alone, because on the day,
when there shall be produced here a sufficiency of grain
MOLINA TO VELASCO. 647
iiiid an abundance of cattle, there will not be a man of
whatever quality he may be, who will not, alone or in com-
pany with others, arm a vessel to come out here and join
the others — because as you know, this Kingdom abouud^^
with poor people, who abhor peace, and this is necessarily S(^
because in peace they perish — and the rich are so haughty
and so selfish that they even covet the wealth of the Indies,
their s^old and their silver — altlio' this will not be wantmsf
much here, as they have discovered some mines which are
considered productive, altho' they have not yet been able to
benefit much by them, until they shall be well established
here. There are great expectations of what they will find
in the mountains in great abundance ; so say the Indians
and offer to show the places which they know. They say
that at the lieadwaters of the rivers, after they have come
forth from the mountains, there is a great quantity of grains
of silver and gold ; but as they do not attach any value to
them, but only to copper which they esteem very highly,
they do not collect them. Until now these men have not
been able to go out to discover them, however eagerly they
may desire it — and to pass beyond towards New Mexico,
and from thence to the South Sea, where they think of
establishing great colonies, and fit out fleets, with which to
make themselves masters of those waters ; as of this Sea, by
colonizing a few islands of those that he Easterly of the
Bahama Channel, and by conquering others like Portorico,
San Domingo and Cuba. Altho' this may be difficult for
them at least we have already seen evidences of these pur-
poses in the settlement of Bermuda, where it is said, they
have strong fortifications, because the conformation of the
land is such that a few can defend themselves ao;ainst a
large number, especially by preventing a landing and dis-
embarking troops. According to what is understood, the
depth is not great enough for ships of a hundred tons, but
I believe they make it shallower than it is, because I have
described that island from the relation of Captain Diego
Ramirez, who was stranded there, and it seems to me that
648 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614,
other and larger vessels may enter. I do not remember it
well, because it is long ago, but the description is in the
house of Don Rodrigo de Aguiar, of the India Board, and
the [padron?] in Sevilla, in the house of the Licentiate
Antonio Moreno, Cosmographer of the same. But above
all this Captain will give you a sufficient account of the isl-
and, and this is very important on account of the military
measures which may hereafter be taken there. Its fertility
is great ; fish and game abound infinitely, and pork is there
as much as they can wish, and thus they are very comfort-
able in that Colony, because they have little need of Eng-
land, since they are likewise rich in amber and pearls, of
which they say they have in very few months sent to this
Kingdom more than fifty thousand ducats in value, counting
the ounce at a moderate value. About four days ago there
arrived here a vessel which brought them men and supplies,
and they do not cease praising the good features of this
island and its advantages.
" The soil here is fertile, good for every variety of e^^pl^
except for such as require very great heat, because it is cold
here. There is much hunting and fishing, but as they have
not yet had any profit from the mines, — except only in tim-
ber which is very good, the merchants have not been able
to support this colony with such liberality as is required,
and thus they have suffered much want with only a miser-
able supply of wheat or maiz and dressing wretchedly, so
that if to-day three hundred men should come the first year
consumes a hundred and fifty of them, and there is no year
that half of them do not die. Last year there were seven
hundred people here, and only three hundred and fifty
remain, because the hard work and the scanty food, on pub-
lic works kills them, and increases the discontent in which
they live, seeing themselves treated like slaves, with great
cruelty. Hence a good many have gone to the Indians, of
whom, some have died at their hands, and others have gone
out to sea, being sent out to fish, and those who remain do
so by force and are anxious to see a fleet come from Spain
MOLINA TO VELASCO. 649
to release them from this misery, because from the griev-
ance which they suffer they call upon God and appeal to
Your Majesty, in whom they place great hopes. And thus
let a fleet come and give them a passage to that Kingdom,
not a single person will take up arms. They will rather
give up all respect and obedience to their rulers, who think
they can keep this up until death, and altho' there it is
understood that the merchants are abandoning this Colony,
it is not so, because this is a stratagem, by which they think
they mislead Y. M., making it look as if this matter were to
finish by itself and that thus there would be no necessity for
going to the expense of fitting out a fleet of any size that
might come with eight hundred or a thousand men and set-
tle the matter with great facility — and even with five hun-
dred, because no succor is expected from England to resist,
and the fortifications which they have are ie°vli and so fragile
that a kick would destroy them, and when they are once
supported by walls, those on the outside are better than those
within because their beams and loopholes are common to
both parts, a fortification without skill, and made by people
who do not understand it. Nor are the men soldiers, altlio'
the rulers and Captains make a great profession of them,
because of the great assistance they have rendered in Flan-
ders, in favor of Holland, where some of them have com-
panies and castles. The men are badly disciplined and not
drilled at all, altho' their hopes are based upon one of two
colonies, which they have established twenty leagues from
here, up the river, in a turn of the river on a peninsula,
which is very rovigh, with a small harbour for landing, and
they are convinced that there they can defend themselves
against the whole world. I have not seen it, but I know
that the fortifications are like the others, and that one night
the Indians broke in and took the whole place without resist-
ance being made, shooting arrows in at all the doors, so that
I do not fear any difficulty in taking this place nor Bermuda,
especially if my advice is taken in both cases, as coming
from a person who has resided here two years and who
650 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
has examined all most carefully. I am looking for the
decision of Y. M, desirous of being of some service, and I
lay no stress upon my captivity nor the suffering which I
have endured as a prisoner, by hunger, pain and illness,
because he who suffers from love, looks upon his afflictions
with indifference. The Ensign Marco Antonio Perez died
fifteen months ago, more from hunger than from sickness,
but certainly with the patience of a Saint and the spirit of a
srood soldier.
o
" I have not suffered excessively, altho' considerably,
because since I came here I have been acceptable to the
people here, and they have sympathised with me, in propor-
tion to their own misery, but with real good will. The sailor,
who came with me, is said to be an Englishman and a pilot.
He claims to be from Aragon and really no one would take
him to be a foreigner.
" This country Hes in the midst of thirty-seven degrees
and a third, in which lies also the bay which /^g^ call Santa
Maria ; five rivers fall into it, very wide and very deep ;
this one measures at the entrance nine fathoms, and inside
from five to six.
" The others measure five, seven, eight and twelve. The
bay measures eight at the mouth, but in some parts it is
very wide, up to thirty leagues. There is much valuable
timber there and material for shijDbuilchng ; trees fit for
such purposes as they may desire — very dark walnut wood,
which they esteem very highly, together with other kinds of
valuable trees.
" The bearer is a gentleman from Venice, very honor-
able, who, having fallen into certain grave errors, is now
restored to his first religion, and says that God has made me
His instrument in this change, for which I am deeply grate-
ful. He desires to go to SjDain and to make amends for his
sins. If I am restored to freedom, I think, I shall assist him
as far as I can. I beseech you to do me the favor and to
make him some present, since I believe it will be a kindness
very acceptable to Our Lord. You see, Sire, that I do not
HENRY MONTAGUE
/•■;>5/ Earl of Mmirhn^ln
MOLINA TO VELASCO. 651
believe Charity to be extinct yet in Spain, and think it must
be excited in you by a man who leaves here poor and sick,
who cannot make any use of his good parts, and i£ I shall
have to remain here long-, I shall be no less in need of your
assistance. By the information of this man, who will tell
you what I endure you might assist me with some shipstores,
such as brought here for certain private persons, and espe-
cially linen and cloth for clothing ourselves, this man and
myself, since we go naked or so ragged, that it amounts to
the same ; not being able to change shnts for a month,
because as the soldiers say, my shirts are odd and do not
amount to three. I trust in God, who will assist me, since
He begins already by giving me health after eleven months,
during which I had none. I have not space enough to
write to His Majesty and you will be able to do it, inform-
ing him of all I state.
" May God preserve you, as I desire it. From Virginia,
May 28"' (as it is counted in Spain) 1613.
" K you have the Key to my cipher you can Avrite to me
in the same cipher ; but this letter goes between the soles of
a shoe, where it is sewed in, and thus I trust to God that I
have not done wrong in writing in this manner. At first
when I came here, I wrote to His Majesty a letter which
required some interpretation and I addressed it, with some
others to you. I do not know if you have received it. I
hoped I would be able to send a description of this country^
but the public nature of my lodging does not permit it ;
but the most important feature is the Bay which extends
N. W. - S. E — and at the distance of four leagues from the
mouth is this river in a Southerly direction, with 9 fathoms
depth. At the entrance there is a fort, or, to say more cor-
rectly a [flaco de tablas ?] ten hands high, with 25 soldiers
and 4 iron ofuns. Half a leaofue from here there is another
one, but smaller, with 15 soldiers, without artillery. There is
still another smaller one, all of which are inland, half a league
off, against the Indians ; this has 15 soldiers more. Twenty
leagues higher up is this Colony with 150 persons and 6 guns.
652 PERIOD in. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Still higher up, twenty leagues off, is another strongly situ-
ated settlement, to which all of them will be taken, when the
occasion arrives, because there they place their hope. Here
there are a hundred persons more and among them as
among the peo]3le here there are women, boys and field
labourers, so that there remain not quite two hundred effec-
tive men and they are badly disciphned.
"Don Diego de Molino."
CCLXXIX. MOLINA TO VELASCO.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMAXCAS. DEPARTMEXT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIO Ul.
Copy o£ a holographic letter of Don Diego de Molina to
Don Alonso de Velasco, dated Virginia, July 8, 1613.
" When I was captured in this province I wrote to you
and to His Majesty, and addressed my letters to the care of
the President of the Merchants Board, who have repeatedly
assured me that they were handed to you — on which
account I am very much astonished, that you have never
replied to me, even as a comfort in so long a capti^dty —
and thus I determined not to do it again, but to leave in
God's hands as in the hands of a Father of Mercy and
Compassion all my affairs. But ha\ing asked Mr Thomas
Guietz [Gates] the Governor of this countr}^, to send me on
board the ship that is now saihng, to that kingdom, he has
replied to me and actually ordered me to write to you
beseeching you to manage it so that Master Clare [Clark]
be restored and I be at once taken to Spain. If it be not
for any other reason of yours, I shoidd venture to trust the
word of the Boaid, because the men of this nation, who do
not like to bind themselves much, pride themselves much to
keep their word, and thus it seems to me that if they offer
to send me to Spain as soon as the others (are surrendered)
in England this exchange might be made without any diffi-
culty whatever. I understand very well that you will have
MOLINA TO YELASCO. 653
left no means iintiied, but one who is suffering, always likes
to speak of liis own affairs and suggest something that
might be of advantage to him. I beseech you to do in this
matter all that you can do, since it is a righteous cause.
Here they have certainly treated me with great courtesy
and Mr. Thomas Guiets has been a father to me, to whom
I am greatly indebted, — and everybody here in particular,
have shown me such love, that if I had been in need, they
would have assisted me with everything that I coidd have
needed — but as all the necessaries of life are provided by
the Government and as there are many private persons
here, there are given out to them every year provisions and
cloth and fine linen for clothes, and I have desired to
request that the same be done to me, so that I may not be
compelled to weary the Governor and to exhaust the good
will which he shows to myself and to the sailor who came
with me, and who they say is an Englishman and a pilot —
a thing very new to me who have always taken him for a
Spaniard of Aragon, as he himself asserts. — and as Marco
Antonio Perez the soldier who died here fifteen months
ago, told me, has assured him that he came from the same
country and on account of their intimacy, asked him to
embark and to provide him with something from the Havan-
nah to Spain. His captivity and mine are very free and
we go about in the same manner as if we were Enghshmen.
They are certainly courteous and kindly disposed. Captain
Adams, who sails in this vessel and it is understood will
soon retume in it, I have asked to speak with you about
my business, primary and secondary, about food and wear-
ing apparel, because with that, they say, troubles are less.
He will carry everything you may give him, for so he has
promised me, and above all I beseech you, write to me, and
if you do not do it, upon my word, this is my last, because,
although a prisoner, I have my [juntos y collares ?]. Par-
don me, I pray, my eccentricity, and may Our Lord protect
you as I desire, since all my affairs are summed up in this
letter, and in my previous letters I gave you an account of
654 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
all that I did until I was captured and the manner in which
my misfortune came about.
" From Virginia, July S*'^ 1613, according to the Grego-
rian Calendar.
"Don Diego de Molina."
CCLXXIX. was probably not forwarded to Philip III. ;
it was evidently only a bHnd intended to be shown for the
purpose of deceiving the EngHsh.
CCLXXX. PHILIP III. TO GONDOMAR.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 17.
Copy of a draft of a letter of H. M. to Don Diego Sarmi-
ento de Acuria, dated San Lorenzo, August 10, 1613.
" I have these last days, written to the Ambassador Don
Alonso de Velasco in reply to another letter of his what
you will see in the enclosed copy on the subject of the free-
dom of three sailors from Spain, who had been captured in
Virginia — and since it is not known as yet whether they
have come back to that kingdom, nor what is done in this
special case — I charge and command you to ascertain the
state of this question. You will endeavour with great
energy to secure these three sailors their freedom, taking
for this purpose all such measures as may be most efficient,
in conformity with the contents of the aforesaid copy —
and you will promptly inform me of whatever may . . ."
CCLXXXI. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
Chamberlain to Carleton. " From Ware-Parke this first
of August 1613."
..." Arthur Ingram for his good service was Knighted
before the Kings going. I heard not long since that the
younge Lady Rich is brought a bed of a daughter at Ken-
sington. The Countesse of Cumberland wife of the now
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. 655
Earle is lately dead and so is old Simons of Oxfordshire.
. . . There is a ship come from Virginia with newes of
theyre well doing, which puts some life into that action,
that before was almost at the last cast. They have taken
a daughter of a King that was theyre greatest ennemie, as
she was going a feasting upon a river to visit certain
frends : for whose ransome the father offers whatsoever is
in his power, and to become theyre frend, and to bring
them where they shall meet with gold mines : they pro-
pound unto him three conditions, to deliver all the English
fugitives, to render all manner of amies or weapons of
thevrs that are come to his handes and to g-eve them 300
quarters of corne. The two first he performed redehe and
promiseth the other at theyre harvest. Yf his daughter
maybe well used in the meanetime. But this Ship brought
no commodities from thence but only these fayre tales and
hopes. Marrie touching at the Bermudaes she hath brought
thence some quantitie of perle, and between 20 and 30
pound weight of ambergreece worth £900. at least ; and
by the next that is to come thence they are' promised to
have a return of fowre times as much.
" When the business of Virginia was at the highest, in
that heat, many gentlemen and others were drawn by pei"-
swasion and importunitie of frends to underwrite theyre
names for adventurers, but when yt came to the payment
(specially the second or third time) theyre handes were not
so redy to go to theyre purses as they were to the paper,
and in the end flatly refused, wherupon they are sued by
the companie in the Chauncerie, where this action findes such
favor that they have redy dispatch, and the underwriters
are forced to make payment, which amounts to a round
summe, between three and fowre thousand pound : among
the rest your cousen Will. Lytton was drawne on by Sir
Walter Cope with perswasion that he shold not neede to
adventure anything unles he list, but only to geve his
name for incouragement to others and for a countenance to
the cause : but now yt comes to the reckening he is faine
656 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULy, 1G14.
to disburse £40. and his frend Sir Walter cannot protect
him, et sic solet heare (sic) amicus." . . .
CCLXXXII. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
August 15, 1613. Madrid. Digbye to James I.
. . . "'Desire of this State to maintain peace : they med-
dle not in slight or uncertain enterprises : if they were fit
for war, and that any occasion of important advantage
were ofPered, they would not omit to layhold of it ; But
herein I restraine myself to these parts of the world, for
that I knowe they would have attempted the removing of
the English from Verginea, but that they are certeynly
informed ; the Buisines will fall of itself. And within these
two daies I knowe both the Councell of Warr and of State,
have satt about the over throwing of our new plantation in
the Bermudas ; of the resolution taken therin, your Majes-
tic shall, I hope, by my next, be particularly advertised."
[Mem. — " Gondomar (to call him by a title not yet con-
ferred on him as count, though he possessed the name
seignorially) landed at Portsmouth, as Philip the Third's
Ambassador, at the close of July, 1613." — " Life of Ra-
legh," by Edwards, vol. i. p. 571.
The exact date of his arrival in London I do not know.
In his letter to the king, of September 25 (0. S.),
(CCLXXXVIL), he mentions having previously written
regarding the English- American colonies on the 27th of
August (0. S.) ; but I have not found a copy of this letter,
which was probably his first on the subject. In the same
letter (CCLXXXVIL) he mentions having received from
the king, on August 30 (0. S.), two letters, one CCLXXX.,
and the other of August 2o> which has not been found.]
PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. 657
CCLXXXIII. THE HARCOURT COLONY.
August 28, 1613. " Grant to Robert Harcourt, Sir
Thomas Challoner and John Rovenson [Robenson], and to
the heirs of Harcourt, of all that part of Guiana or continent
of America, between the rivers Amazon and Dollesquebe,"
etc. — Grant Book, Domestic, Jac. I., p. 126.
" A Relation of a Voyage to Guiana, Describing the
Climat, Situation &c of that Country. . . . The Pattent
for the Plantation of which Country, his Maiestie hath
ofranted to the said Robert Harcourt under the Great Seale.
... At London Printed by John Beale, for W. Welby.
. . . 1613."
Dedicated to Prince Charles. Now worth $125.
CCLXXXIV. DIGBY TO JAMES L
Madrid, September 3, 1613. Digbye to James I.
..." Touching Verginea ; The Spanish Ambassador in
England hath receaved Letters from Molina the Spaniard
that is there, of the misery and distress in which they live ;
So that it is determined by this Councell, not to speake any
more in that Buisines, being a thing (they suppose) which
will die of itself ; only it is ordered that the Spanish Ambas-
sador shall represent unto your Majestic, the yll usage that
the Spaniards have had in Verginea, and that one of them
is dead with Huno^er, notwithstandinof that the Ensflish
Pilot which was brought from thence and is here, hath beene
verie well used."
CCLXXXV. PHILIP III. TO VELASCO. ^
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 22.
Copy of a deciphered letter of H. M. to Don Alonso de
Velasco, dated San Lorenzo, September 14, 1613.
"I have seen your letter of the 2*^ ult. [CCLXXVH.]
658 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
and also that which came with it from Virginia from Don
Diego de MoHna [CCLXXVIII.], and I am thus made
aware of all that is there said of the state of things in those
countries. It will be well and I charge you, to succour
him in the way which he suggests to you, with all the
stores, cloth and Hnen he asks for, so that his sufferings
may be somewhat relieved and his captivity eased. I also
charge you to present to your King new and urgent remon-
strances, so that they may as promptly as possible bring the
said Don Diego over here, telling him how the Ensign
Marco Antonio has died there (calling him however a
sailor), and how his pilot here is well treated, and that in
justice the treatment ought to be the same, Molina being-
treated there as his pilot is treated here — and you will
report to me all that ..."
[Mem. — The Martha returned from the Bermudas about
the 19th of September, bringing the second third part of
the " amber-greece."]
CCLXXXVI. DIGBY TO JAMES L
Madrid, September 22, 1613. Digby to James I. (In
cypher-deciphered.)
..." Heere is lately amved a Poste from the newe
Spanish Ambassadour,^ And I have founde meanes to come
by a sighte of his dispatche.^ . . .
" Hee (the ambassador) advertizethe further diverse things
concerninge Don Alonso de Velasco's departure and your
Majesties bountie in presenting him : As likewise of ye state
of our people in Virginia. And of ye course which is helde
in ye newe Plantation of ye Vermudos."
1 Gondomar, who has succeeded had bribed Yelasco. I suppose this is
Velasco. the letter of i'LPV"'''2?.'' mentioned in
2 From this it seems that Gondomar CCLXXXVII., which has not been
insinuated that the King of England found.
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 659
CCLXXXVII. GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2590, FOLIOS 118, 119.
Copy of an original letter of Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuiia
to H. M., dated London, October 5, 1613.
" Sire.
" Y. M.'s letters of the 10"^ ^ and 20*^ ^ August were re-
ceived by me on the 9'^ ult : Avith a copy of what Y. M. or-
dered to be written to Don Alonso de Velasco, on February
7"' of this year/ concerning the release of Don Diego de
MoHna, who is a prisoner in Virginia — in which Y. M. com-
mands me to make every effort that may be necessary, until
the desired result be obtained. In compliance with this I
have tried to inform myself as to the condition in which this
matter is, and I have ascertained that more than a year ago
this Kinsf here ordered Don Dieoo de Molina and his com-
panions to be exchanged for the English pilot, who is in
Spain and that this order has not been carried out because
nothing was known of this pilot until now and because there
was no opportunity of getting Don Diego de Molina here.
And havino[" renewed now the remonstrances which Don
Alonso de Velasco had presented on this subject, I have
caused the merchants of the Vu-ginia-Board to be compelled
to have Don Diego de Molina and his companions brought
over here to be put into my hands, with the first ship that
comes, and now Antonio de Acosta, a Portuguese merchant,
an honorable man, who resides here, thro' who at the same
time the English pilot in Spain will be handed over to the
ambassador of this King, with which an order will be dis-
patched by a vessel * which sails within 20 days from here to
1 Philip III.'s letter of aS^'o, 1613, * The Elizabeth, which sailed Octo-
CCLXXX. bor 14th, on the nineteenth day there-
2 Philip III.'s letter of Au^st J^th, after, thus showing that Gondoraar
1G13. Not found. was correctly informed on tliis point.
8 Philip III.'s letter of /ebTJjIth, But he is not generally more accurate
1613. Not found. than the previous ambassadors.
660 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Virginia, that the Governor shall send Diego de Molina to
this city, him and his companions by the first opportunity
that may offer. By this vessel I shall send him some sup-
plies of cloth and linen and some money, so that he may be
able to dress himself more suitably than he says he is now
able to do. Y. M. commands me to have him brought over
and I hope that within six months this shi2) will be back
here and that these men will come in her.
" Considering that Colony and Bermuda I reported to
Y. M. on the 6"* ult : ^ as to the state in which they are, and
desirous to ascertain the correctness of that information, I
have examined several persons of those who have come from
Virginia in the last ship, and they all agree upon this : That
there is a good bar and the entry into the harbour is by a
river higher up — that upon the river they have erected five
fortifications : the first Gomes [James] which is the name
of this King here in English ; the second is called ' Hen-
erique ' after the Prince who died ; the third is Charles, like
the one who came to-day ; ^ Point Comfort the fourth, and
Fort Henry the fifth ; and these forts are surrounded with
earthworks, on which they plant their artillery. The Com-
mander is now Don Thomas Gates, and Marshall Don
Thomas Dale; there are about three hundred men there
more or less ; and the majority sick and badly treated,
because they have nothing to eat but bread of maize, with
fish ; nor do they drink anything but water — all of which
is contrary to the nature of the English — on which
account they all wish to return and would have done so if
they had been at liberty.
" The cattle which they take with them from here does
not produce, nor does it improve, because there is but scanty
and bad grazing on the fields.
" The Savages and natives of the Country stand in bad
^ Gondomar's letter to Philip III. of had found out something of the con-
Sf ptcmber 6
not found. It was received tents. See CCLXXXVI.
prior to September 22d, when Digby ^ That is, the third is called Charles
after the present prince.
Bishol> "/BU,t/i and If •.//,<
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 661
relations to them and no Englishman can leave his fort with-
out runninsT ffreat risk of his Hfe. When the General some-
times goes a hunting, he takes a guard with him to protect
Iiis person.
" Nothing is brought from Virginia, of any importance,
but there is an abundance of good timber for ship building.
" In Bermuda there is as a Captain and Governor, a Mas-
ter Mour, who was a carpenter in this city. It is about six
days that a ship ^ from there arrived here, and it brings
sixty-four pounds of Ambergris, which is sold in this city at
fourteen ducats an ounce ; it also brings some of the wheat
that has been sown there, which, however, I am told, does
not produce very well.
" They have erected there a fort which is well intrenched,
and with some few pieces of artillery and eighty persons,
counting men and women, as I reported to Y. M., in my let-
ter of the 6"' ult : and on this subject there is nothing new
to be added.
" Don Thomas Esmit [Smith] who is President of the
Merchants' Council and Board, who have maintained and
still maintain those Colonies at their own expense, has given
us to understand that they have spent as much as forty-six
thousand pound sterling in this enterprise, which make in
our money a hundred and eighty four thousand dollars,
countinjr the dollar at ten reales. All this has been contrib-
uted by merchants and has been obtained by some lotteries
which they have had here, and without costing the King a
single real. But weary of spending so much money without
any hope of reaping a profit, because the soil produces
nothing, they now think of carrying all the people that are
there to Bermuda or to Ireland by the coming Spring.^
For the ship Avhich they now are dispatching, they have
1 The Martha. quently very few, if any, people out-
2 A great deal of this talk was evi- side of the council were correctly in-
dently intended to mislead the Span- formed as to the facts. Thus it hap-
iard. From the beginning the enter- pened people were misinformed then,
prise was necessarily carried on with and have been misled since.
great diplomacy and secrecy. Conse-
662 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1G14.
found only low and lost people to sail in it, because it has
become known that of the thousand persons who last year
went there, and of the few who were still there, up to now
more than eight hundred have died, so that there remained
there only three hundred.
" May God preserve Your Catholic Majesty, as all Chris-
tendom needs it !
" London, October 5*^ 1613.
" Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna."
CCLXXXVIII. EDMONDES TO JAMES I.
Sir Thomas Edmondes to King James. Paris, France,
October 11, 1613.
..." I understand, that they are nothing well satisfied
here, . . . that the french shippes were hindred this yeare
by the English from the making of anie benefitt of the
whale fishing at Greenland ; ^ which discontentment is also
further aggravated by another advertisement which is come
hither that the English shippes at Virginia ^ tooke a french
shipe, which was going to make a plantation in those
partes, and killed diverse of the men ; but as they here say,
used greatest crueltie against certaine Jesuittes which were
in the said shippe."
CCLXXXIX. DIGBY TO JAMES I.
Madrid, Spain, October 13, 1613. Sh John Digbye to
James I.
In reference to the dispatch of the Spanish ambassador,
he says : " It is appointed, That for the business of Vir-
^ These voyages of Captain Joseph ter of March 13, 1613 ; accounts of
and Captain Argall caused a great the voyage will be found in Purchas,
commotion at the time. The first will iii. pp. 716, etc., and Archreologia
be mentioned several times hereafter Americana, iv. pp. 239-314. Argall's
in these documents. It only belongs voyage is of course frequently men-
to this work in an illustrative way. tioned hereafter.
The expedition sailed under the char-
PHILIP III. TO GONDOMAR. 663
ofinea and the Bermudos, his advertisements be made
known unto the Counsell of the Indies, and that ye Spanish
Ambassador bee willed to advertise what hee shall farther
heare of them ; and that ye Spanish Ambassador particu-
larly labour to gett the liberty of Don Diego Mohna, the
Spaniard that was left in Virginea."
[Mem. — On the 14th of October, 1613, the EKzabeth,
Captain Adams, sailed from England to Virginia via the
Bermudas, taking potatoes to the island and silkworms to
Virginia.]
CCXC. PHILIP III. TO GONDOMAR.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2572, FOLIO 27.
Copy of an extract from a deciphered letter of H. M. to
Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna, dated Ventosa, October
24, 1613.
" It was well in you to give me an account of what has
become known concerning Bermuda and Virginia, and I
shall be pleased if you continue, so that here may be done
whatever may be proper — and you will carry out the
exchange which has been agreed upon, of Don Diego de
Molina and the sailor with him, for the EngUsh pilot who
is here — remembering that the said Don Diego is likewise
called a sailor, which you must use instead of the other
name, so as to prevent any difficulty in the exchange — and
you will attend to the matter of clothing and provisions as
he has requested." ^
1 This request was made in move the EngUsh from Virginia by
CCLXXVIII. The contrast between force, as Zuiiiga did. To the contrary
CCLXXVIII. and CCLXXIX., which his letters seem to be intended to pro-
were written by the same person, pos- duce the impression that the colony
sibly to the same person, but for dif- would be abandoned. He was thus
ferent purposes, will show very clearly " playing into the hands " of the Eng-
what little reliance there is to be lish ; but whether intentionally, or
placed in partisan evidence. Gondo- not, I cannot say.
mar does not urge Philip III. to re-
664 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCXCI. MONTMORENCY TO JAMES I.
H. de Montmorency, Admiral of France, to King James.
" Sire.
"I thought it was my duty to accompany the letters^
which the King my master wrote you, with some o£ my
own, in order to have the honor to offer to your Majesty
my very humble service, and to entreat you to be favorable,
(since as Admiral under the authority of the King, I have
the charge of the marine affairs of this Kingdom,) that I
represent to you the just complaint and the injury which
the French have received from some of your subjects who,
being in an English ship called the Treasurer, whereof
Samuel d'Argail is Captain, went to that country of Can-
ada, called New France, to the harbor of Pentagoet, where
they found a small settlement, which was begun by per-
mission of the King with our leave, and at the expense of
Madame La Marquis de Guercheville, lady of honor to the
Queen, through a good and holy zeal to lead the poor Sav-
ages of the said country to a civil conversation, and to
preach to them the doctrine of Jesus Christ, and for that
purpose, a number of Jesuit fathers were there-
" But your said subjects have ruined this plan ; they
have attacked the colony ; they have slain many men, and
among others, two of the said Jesuits ; and besides, they
carried away two others with them into Virginia, (by what
people say) ; and have abandoned the rest of the people to
the mercy of the waters, in a small skiff. We know well
enough, Sire, the goodness, and the usual clemency with
which you are filled, and that you are so far removed from
such inhumanity that you will assuredly do justice in this
matter, when you are informed of it. Therefore in the
name of France, and of the private parties interested in
^ I suppose these were the " French ceedings of the Mass. Hist. Society,
Complaints." (See CCCXVIII.) 1884.
CCXCI. was published in the Pro-
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. (j()5
these Countries, I heg your Majesty for three things : —
One, that you will command the two Jesuit fathers to be
returned in safety with the other prisoners ; the other, that
restitution shall be made for so remarkable a robbery,
which costs the said dame Marquise more than a hundred
thousand Hvres of loss. And the third, that your Council
or the Company of Virginia may be obliged to declare and
explain as far as where they understand to be carried, the
boundaries and confines of the said country of Virginia, in
asmuch as we thought the difficulty might have come on
account of the neighborhood of the two Colonies. But your
Majesty knows that for more than eighty years, the French
have been in possession of it, and have given to it, the name
of New France. The hope that your Majesty will be . . .
how prudently to remedy this, and find it good, if it please
you, that Mons. de Buisseaux, Ambassador may be inter-
ested more particularly with it, to give us an answ^er to it as
favorable as the complaint of it is reasonable, and full of
justice.
" Nevertheless I pray God, Sire, That he may give your
Majesty a very long and very happy life.
" Your very humble Servant,
" H. De Montmorency.
" At Fontainebleau the xxviij of October. 1613."
Indorsed : To the King of Great Britain : " A letter
from the Admiral of France to his Majestic concerning
Samuel Argall," etc.
CCXCII. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
... "I have heard underhand that Sig' Fabritio [Sir
Henry Wotton] is like to be sent into Spaine about some
match, which I beleve the rather for that the Spanish
Ambassador hath ben heard to say that he marvailes we
shold tre:it or incline to Savoy or Fraunce, wheras his mas-
ter is able to part with more then they both. Yesterday
666 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
here arrived an ambassador from the new elected emperor
of Moscovie, he had a peale of ordinance at his landing at
towre-wharfe, and was receved bj a 100 citizens on hors-
baek in velvet coates and chaines of gold and most of the
Aldermen in scarlet, with about twenty coaches furnished
with courtiers and gallants : The Spanish, the Archdukes
and Savoy ambassadors stoode in windowes not far asunder
to see him passe. . . . Our Companie of Moscovie have for
these three or foure yeares found out a new and rich trade
of fishing for the whale, about green-land or certain ylands
there along, which yeelds above cento pro cento, with a
short return and small charge, they in joyed yt quietly till
this yeare that both Hollanders, French-men and Spaniards
wold have come in for a share, but our men having some
inckling of yt went well appointed with seven goode ships
and so put them by, and sent them away, wlierat there is
much murmuring and complaint specially by the Holland-
ers, who have sent certain deputies hither about yt, but our
men pretend possession, and mean to maintain yt, though
peradventure yt will come to blowes : this yeare they killed
almost fowre-score whales, and almost ten times as many
morses or seahorses, whose oyle, finnes and teeth are a
great commoditie.
" From the Bermudas or Sommer ylands there hath come
great store of amber-greece this yeare, which is the only
commoditie they have thence as yet, but they hope for
more hereafter of many kindes though nothing so rich, and
begin to nestle and plant there very handsomely : wher-
with the Spaniard is nothing pleased but threatens the next
yeare to remove them, which advertisement they have by
goode meanes and many wayes, but they seeme nothing
dismayed therewith trusting rather to the difficultie of
accesse, then to any other strength of theyre owne : the
greatest peece of amber in one lumpe that hath ben heard
of was found there this yeare, beeing as bigge as the body
of a giant and aunswerable or resembling almost in all
points saving for the want of the head and one arme : but
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. 667
they handled the matter so foolishly that they brake yt in
peeces, and the biggest they brought home was not above
()S ounces : which sells better by twelve of fifteen shillings
in an ounce then that which is smaller. Since Michaelmas
we have had fowre ships come from the east Indies well
and richly laden, and though they have ben long missing
yet this return doth recompence theyre stay. . . . Ned Blunt
tells me he hath sent you Sir Fra : Bacons essais and other
bookes, which I was willing to have provided according as
you gave order in one of your former letters. There went
a ship away in my absence, which I coidd not heare of till
yt was gon. For almanachs I will send you one in a letter
so soon as they come forth, for I cannot yet meet with any
better conveyance. So with all due remembrance to my
Lady I commend you to the protection of the Almighty.
From London this 27"" of October 1613.
" Your Lordships to commaund
"John Chamberlain."
Addressed : " To the right honorable S"" Dudley Carleton
K* L*^ Ambassador for his Ma*'^ at Venice."
[Mem. — October 29. The Lord Mayor's pageant " The
Triumphs of Truth " (the triumph of England's true pol-
icy?) was emblematical of the new trades, traffics and dis-
coveries.
October 30, 1613. Digby wrote to King James from
Madrid : " Concerning the North-West Passage to the
East Indies, the Spaniards always conceived that it would
never prove matter of any consequence, but they are very
glad now to be freed of this care, and that the Spanish
Ambassador in England be thanked for his vigilancy
therein." This, I suppose, is based on Captain Button's
report. He returned to England from Hudson's and But-
ton's Bay early in the autumn of 1613 ; but the exact date
of his arrival is not known to me.]
668 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCXCIII. DIGBY TO CARLETON.
Madrid, Spain, November 3, 1613. Digbye to Carleton.
Describes his interview with the Spanish Secretary of
State, who " fell soddainelie into a very great complaint of
his Majesties proceeding with this King, that hee woulde
(as hee sayd) cause so great an Innovation as that the
Spaniards, which had for so manie yeares fished in the
Northerne-Seas over which hitherto no Prince had chal-
lenged any particular Dominion shoulde now by his Maj-
esties Subjects bee prohibited. And yet that his Majestic
would give permission to his subjects to plante & inhabite
in Virginia, and the Ilandes of ye Bermudos which had for
manie yeares byne esteemed & knowne to belong unto
the Conquest of Castile, for that hee thought yt strange
that his Majestic should att the same tyme suffer his people
to possesse themselves of what was rightlie the King of
Spaynes and shoulde forbidd the Spaniards from that which
they had long used & to which hee knewe not what partic-
ular clayme his majestic coulde pretend."
Digbye's reply : " I told him, that first I conceaved hee
had byne misenformed, that the Spaniards had divers yeares
used to theise parts now spoken of ; which had byne of late
discovered & the Spaniards were never there untill the last
Summer, when an Englishman lead them thither. — Second-
he, I could no way yeeld unto him that eyther Virginia or
ye Bermudos were . . . parts of the conquest of Castile but
that the . . . selves the first Possidents. — Soe that I sup-
posed what is sayd of the Whale-fishing was to bee debated
& disputed in the same nature the Indies were, which the
Crown of Castile without controversie discovered and pos-
sessed. And that then hee would see that his Majestic
onelie followed theire owne foote steppes. For that there
were att the present divers of his Majesties subjects in
theire Gaily es for having off red to trade to the Indies beeing
onlie taken in the way thither. And that I conceaved the
same reason of beeing the first Possident was equallie to
LIMITS OF THE SPANISH POSSESSIONS. 669
holde in both. And that as his Majestie had followed
theire example in reserving the trade of his discoveries unto
his owne subjects, so hee would willinglie give free accesse
unto them, when they should hold yt litt to permitt the like
unto theirs And that for the Pope's donation it
was grown to be so lightly esteemed, that it was almost
left to be alleadged by them."
Digby says there were arguments on both sides ; and that
he ' desired the Secretary would provide against the English
merchants being wronged by way of fact, and that disputes
as to title might be decided by fair courses between the two
kings.'
CCXCiyi. AND CCXCIV2 LIMITS OF THE SPANISH
POSSESSIONS.
These papers are apparently rough notes for a reply to
the Spanish claims to America. They are from the Eng-
lish State Paper Office. — Colonial Papers, vol. i. No. 32.
They are filed under 1613 ; but their date is indicated as
questionable thus, " 1613 ? " They were written after
December, 1609, and I am mclined to think before 1613 ;
but I place them here about as I find them in the State Paper
Office. The name of the author is not given, but the doc-
uments were evidently written either by the Rev. Richard
Hakluyt, or with his assistance, or were compiled from his
works. They contain many of his ideas, expressed almost
in the same words as in his publications.
CCXCIV^
"The true limites of all the countries & provinces at
this present actually possessed by the Spaniards & Portu-
gales in the West Indias.
" All that parte of the West Indias which at this day is
inhabited by the Spaniards & Portugales is almost included
within the two Tropiques ; excepting the two small townes
of Sant Augustin & Santa Helena in Florida & the province
(570 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1G14.
of Nuova Biscaia northward, & 5 townes in the river, namely
Buenos Aeres, Santo Spirito, Santa Anna, the city of Ascen-
sion, & Santa Fee beyond the Southerne tropique, as also in
the Kingdome of Chili upon the South Sea, the townes of
Coquimbo, Penco, Angol, Sant Jago, La miperial. Villa
rica, and Villa del lago.
" I doe not deny, but that northward & southward they
have discovered much farther : but that they have no farther
actual possession then before is specified, their own later
histories, ruttiers & Journals which We have to shew, &
our Englishmens manifold experience do assure us.
" The most Northerly provinces of Nueva Espanna within
and near the Tropique, are Nueva Galicia upon the South
Sea & Guastecan upon the bay of Mexico. The most north-
erly Spanish towne in Culiacan a province of Nueva Ga-
licia is S* Michael situate in 24 degrees of North latitude
and the Northernmost Spanish townes in Guastecan are
Tampico, Panuco, Sant Jago de las Valles ; as evidently
appeareth by the 8*^ & 9*^ mappes seen in the last edition of
Ortelius his Theatrum Orbis, who was the sworne cosmog-
rapher of the King of Spaine.
" Southward of these lyeth the Kingdome of Mexico com-
prehending in it the provinces of Yucatan, the Honduras,
Guatimala & Veragua on the east parte, as likewise Mechu-
acan, Colima & Sacatula on the west, & downe more south-
erly the provinces of Soconusco, Chiapa, Nicaragua & Costa
ricas besides other inf eriour provinces ; and it streatcheth to
the townes of Panama and Nombre de dios standing both
upon the Istmus or Neck-land of Darien.
" The second general part of the West Indias called by the
Spaniards Tierra firma beginneth upon the North Sea at the
gulfe of Uraba [Darien] & is inhabited eastward by the
Spaniards both on the sea coast, & within the land as far as
the isle of Trinidad. Their principal inland townes are
Mompox, Santa Fee, Caly, Angerma, Popaian, Pasto, Victo-
ria, Carthago, Timana, Meriola, Pamplon, Tunxa, Santa Fe,
Tocayma, St Jago de Leon, &et. Their chief townes &
GEORGE MONTAIGNE
Arrhhishof' ol I'.xl:
LIMITS OF THE SPANISH POSSESSIONS. 671
havens on the sea-coast are Cartagena, Santa Marta, Rio de
Hacha, Coro, Burburate, Caracos, Cumana, wherunto may
be added the isles of Margarita & Trinidad.
" From the isle of Trinidad standing- in 10 & 9 desfrees
of North latitude all along the coast to the Equinoctial line,
& thence forward to Paraiba, Petiguaras, & Fernambuck
situate in 7. & 8. degrees of southerly latitude, to the space
of 500 leags, there are no Christians at all inhabiting, as we
are taught by our owne late & yearly experience.
" From Paraiba in 7 degrees of latitude southward, the
Portugales doe inhabite upon the Coste of Brasill the townes
of Fernambuc, Baija de todos Santos which is the seat of
the vizroy & bishop of Brasil, the towne of Baija das Ilhas,
Porto Seguro, Baija del Spirito Santo, with the townes of
Santos & Sant Vincente, which towne of Sant Vincente
standeth in 24 degrees of south latitude.
"From Sant Vincente to the streiohts of Maofellan all
along the sea-coast, for the space of 700 leags ther are no
Christian inhabitants : onely the Spanniards have planted 5
inland townes before mentioned upon the river of Plate.
" Within the streights of Magellan they have not anie
towne either upon the North or South shore. And as for
the townes of Nombre de Jesus, & ciudad del Rey Phil-
ippe, they have bin found long smce by M"^ Candish in both
his voiages & by diverse others of our notion, to be utterly
ruined and dispeopled.
" Also from the streig-hts of Magellan to the Isle of Santa
Maria standing within the South Sea in 37 degrees, to witt,
for the space of 300 leags they have no habitation at all.
" From this isle to the Tropique of Capricorne streatch-
etli the lande of CliiH containing; the 7 townes before men-
tioned.
" At this tropique beginneth the province of Peru which
extendeth between the sea-coast & the mountaines called
Andes somewhat to the northward of the Equinoctial. And
here the Spaniards have many townes & cities both upon
the coast & also within the country. On the coast they
672 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
have Arica, Arequipa, Pisca, Lima, the seat of the Vizroy
containing 2000 housholds, & the townes of Santos, Tru-
xillo, Cherepe, Paita, & the isle of Puna. The chief places
of the inland are Potossi, Charcas, Cusco, & Quito.
" From Quito to Panama the coast lieth in a manner
desolate.
" These before mentioned are the principal provinces,
cities & townes actually possessed by the Spaniards upon
the maine of America.
" The chief islands that they possesse as parte of this
new World are St Juan de Puerto rico, Hispaniola, Cuba &
Jamaica. As for the great multitude of those other small
Isles called Las Antillas adjoining to these 4, they are either
utterly desolate, or inhabited by a few Salvages.
" So that besides all those huge coasts & mighty inlandes
lying southward of the Tropique of Cancer, which hitherto
are quite free from any Spanish government ; all those large
& spatious countries on the East parte of America from 32
to 72. degrees of northerly latitude, have not nor never had
any one Spanish Colonic planted in them ; but are both by
right of first discovery performed by Sebastian Cabota at the
cost of King Henry the 7*^ & also of later actual possession
taken in the behalfe & under the sovereign authority of her
Majesty, by the several deputies of Su' Walter Ralegh, & by
the two English Colonies thither deducted (wherof the later
is yet ther remaining) as likewise by Sir Humfry Gilbert,
Sir Martin Frobisher, M'" John Davis, & others, most justly
& inseparably belonging to the Crowne of England. Which
countries being greater then all Europe, & in goodnes of soile
nothing inferiour therunto, are by no meanes by us to be
given over unto them, who have already a great deal more
then they can well wield.
" Lastly on the backside or west of America, beyond
Cape Cahfornia, from 24 degrees of Northerly latitude to
43 degrees (all which coast Sir Francis Drake in his voiage
about the world discovered & took possession tlierof for her
Majestic in 38 degrees, calling the country Nova Albion)
LIMITS OF THE SPANISH POSSESSIONS. 673
they have not one foot of actual possession, much lesse more
Northerly. And therfore in time to come they shall have
no pretense of cavillation against a Northwest passage, if
it should please God to lay open the same.
CCXCIV2.
" Whither an Englishman may trade into the West In-
dies, with certain answers to the Popes Bull.^
" First it is to be understood that the King of Spaines
title to the Indias dependeth upon a guift or bull of Pope
Alexander the 0"' dated 1493. Against which it may be
said that the Pope had no authority to subject temporally
the infidels, or to take away their landes without a cause.
" Secondly the consent of the pope if it ever ratified, was
only conditional, and is to be understood, that ^, ^
, "^ 1 he Story of
things already safe should be kept. And the very Bartiioiome
wordes of the Bull be not to grant a conquest or
such an absolute power, but a meanes to converte & reduce
them to Christianity; although the usage of the Spaniard
hath bin otherwise, & so the grante voide.
" Thirdli) the Bull or grante is to be understood in cases
lawfull, & not tending to the prejudice of a thirde person.
" All princes & estates had & have by the laws of nations
the right of navigation in the sea, & the right of traffique,
which the Pope by the fulnes of his authority cannot take
from them : & the wordes of the said Bull are express
that the Pope did not intende to take from any Christian
Prince such rig-ht as he had obtained.
"Fourthly in case any such guift or inhibition of the
Pope were lawfull, & the right were soly in the King of
Spaine, as he pretendeth : yet wheras after the date of the
same bull his auncesters accorded & covenanted with the
King and crowne of England, that the subjects on both
1 This paper is indorsed " Certayne tion, with reasons why the English
briefe answeres to the Bui of Dona- may trade into the West Indies."
674 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
sides might freely traffique in the Kingdomes & dominions
of both the parties contracting-, ther is no doubt but that
Englishmen may lawfully repaire into the West Indias being
parcel of the dominions for trade & traffique of marchandise.
For the wordes of the treaties with King Ferdinand & his
wife Queen Isabell of Castile, & Hkewise with the Emperor
Charles are general & generally to be understood. And as
it would be hardly taken, that the King of England con-
tracting of free traffique, & commerce in his kmgdomes
& dominions, should (for examples sake) inhibite the Span-
iard to come into Irland : so the like reason is, that the
King of Spaine contracting in lili;e sorte should permitt
onely a traffique in Spaine & in no other places.
" Seing therfore, that the Sea & trade are common by
the lawe of nature and of nations, it was not lawfull for
the Pope, nor, is it lawfull for the Spaniard to prohibite
other nations from the communicatio & participatlo of
this lawe.
*' And if they do prohibite them from those things which
are allowed by the lawe of nations, that is from marchan-
dise, which also are due by special consideration, every man
may defend himselfe & resist violence by violence.
" And therfore the Spanish lawiers themselves have con-
cluded that the Venetians cannot inhibite that none but
themselves shall naviofate and trade within their Gulfe in
the Adriatick Sea : neither can the Spaniards or Portugales
make any such prohibition of their Indies, to prohibite law-
full & orderly traffique ; which right appertameth unto all
nations, by the lawe of nations, as well as unto them.
" Such were the first navigations of Sir John Hawkins,
Sir Francis Drake, and others.
" And considering that the hostility & injuries offered
unto them traffiquing peaceably & lawfully (which are to
be sett downe) were both against the lawe of nations, and
also special treaties between both nations ; they might de-
fend themselves, & lawfully continue traffique with the In-
dians both subject & not subject to the King of Spaine.
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 675
" And SO much may be alleaged for the excuse of Sir
Francis Drakes first voiaores into the West Indias.
o
" For the maintenance of the justice of his two last voiages
thither with some of her Majesties ships, the first to St
Domingo & Cartagena & the second (in which he died)
to Nombre de Dios being no private but publique actions,
another course must be holden. Viz : of injuries & hos-
tihties declared by the open actions of the King of Spaine
from time to time against her Majesty & her realme, & this
to be deducted particularly & at large.
" Besides the cruel usage of her Majesties subjects law-
fully & peaceably traffiquing into Spaine, without offence,
by inquisicion against the lawe of nations, & the treaties.
And this point is to be amplified by examples : and the evil
usage of her subjects traffiquing unto the Indias.
" The preparation of an intended conquest, as appeared
afterwards by the fleet sent under the charge of the duke
of Medina Sidonia, & such like.
" FINIS."
CCXCV. GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL AliCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 8590, FOLIO IS.
Copy of an original letter of Don Diego Sarmiento de
Acufia to the King of Spain, dated London, November
16, 1613.
" Sire —
"The ship^ which I reported to Y. M. on the 5th ult :
[September 25] as getting ready for Virginia, sailed from
here on the 24th [October 14] and carried the supplies
of cloth and hnen, which Diego de Molino asked for, and
some money to treat himself with. I hope that he will come
to this country, with the return of this vessel, which from
what I hear, will be in four or five months.
1 The Elizabeth.
676 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
" May God protect the Catholic person of Y. M. as Chris-
tendom needeth so much. London, November 16, 1613.
"Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna."
[Mem. — In November, 1613, the English merchants
went " roundly to work and in less than a fortnight sub-
scribed £400,000 [equal to about $10,000,000 present val-
ues] to be employed in the trade to East India."
In 1613, Champlain published his journals, maps, etc., of
his voyages to America made in 1601-1613. This work
gives the result of his surveys along the coast of Massa-
chusetts and Maine, made in the summers of 1604, 1605,
and 1606. Purchas had Champlain's works, and gave
translations from them. Translations have also been pub-
lished in this country by the Prince Society of Boston in
1878, 1880, and 1882.
" The Description and use of the Sphsere Devided into
three principal Partes : . . . By Edward Wright . . . Lon-
don, Printed for John Tap, dwelling at S. Magnus corner.
1613." I merely call attention to the above work as a
sample of sundry books which were appearing from year
to year, having an indirect bearing on the enterprises of
which we write.]
CCXCVI. ORDER IN THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
From London " Documents relating to the Colonial His-
torv of the State of New York," vol. iii. p. 1. Albany,
1853.
Order in Council respecting certain complaints against
Captain Argall, etc.
" At the Court at Whitehall the 2. of January 1613.
being Sunday before noone.
Present.
[Geo. Abbot] Lo. Archbp. oi Cant. [Wm.] E. of Pembroke.
[Thos. Egerton] Lo. Chancellor. [Edwd.] Lo. Zouche.
EDMONDES TO JAMES I. 677
[Robt. Carr] Lo. Privie Seale. [Wm.] Lo. Knollis.
[Tlios. Howard] Lo. Chamberlaine. [John] Lo. Stanhope.
[Edwd. Somerset] E. of Worcester. S"" Jul : Caesar.
[Sir Edwd. Coke] Lo. Chiefe Justice."
This council sent the following letter to Sir Thomas
Smythe : —
" We have latelie received divers Complaints -exhibited by
the French Ambassador on the behalfe of certaine French-
men of Rochelle, St. John de Luz, and others, some of
them concerninge outrages committed upon them (as is
alleged) on the coast of Canada by Captain Argall em-
ployed for Virginia, others on their fishing voyage towards
Greenlands by one Captain Benjamin Joseph, who com-
manding a ship of the Moscovie Companie this last summer,
found some of those Frenchmen in those parts and tooke
from them a great quantitie of Traine and whalebones,
wherewith they had laden their shipp, and sent them away
emptie, as appeareth by the memorialls presented by the
French Ambassador, which we send you here withall.
" Forasmuche as it will be expected that His Majestie
should forthwith o"ive some satisfaction to the said Ambas-
sador, touchinge both complaints we have thought good
first to require you to acquainte some of the Councell of
Virginia herewithall, as also some of the Moscovie Com-
panie so far as it concernes eyther of them respectively and
to returne us their severall and particular answers unto
eache of them with all expedition, that the ambassador,
may likewise receive his answer from his Majestie or his
Boord." . . .
CCXCVII. EDMONDES TO JAMES I.
Sir Thomas Edmondes to King James. Paris, France
January 2, I6I4.
" Sire.
..." Finding Mons' de Villeroy, that tyme, in a better
moode, then when I formerly debated these matters with
him, I made it appeare unto him by manie instances, that
678 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
the interest which they (the French) pretended to have in
the discoveries which we had made with great perill and
charge (concerning the which he had before spoken to me
much out of square) was contrarie to the received custome
and practise of all nations, wherewith he was so well satis-
fied, as he said, that he would no more dispute that matter
with me." . •. .
CCXCVIII. THE MASK OF FLOWERS.
January 6, 1614. " The Maske of Flowers, presented
by the Gentlemen of Graies-Inne, at the Court of White
Hall at the Banquetting House, upon Twelfe-Night 1613.
Being the last of the Solemnities and Magnificences which
were performed at the marriage of the Earle of Somerset
and Lady Frances, daughter of the Earl of Suffolke. Lon-
don. Printed by N. 0. for Robert Wilson . . . 1614."
This mask was prepared by Sir Francis Bacon. In it
Florida Indians and tobacco are made to play important
parts. There is a colloquy between Silenus (in praise of
wine), and Kawasha, the god of the Florida Indians (in
praise of tobacco) : —
" Silenus. Kawasha comes in majestie,
Was never such a God as he:
He 's come from a farre countrie
To make our nose a chimney.
Kawasha. The Wine takes the contrary way
To get into the hood,
But good Tobacco makes no stay
But seizeth where it should.
More incense hath burned at
Great Kawashae's foote
Than to Silen and Bacchus both,
And take in Jove to boote.
Silemts. The Worthies they were nine, 't is true,
And lately Arthurs' knights I knew,
But now are come up Worthies new.
The roaring boys, Kawashae's crew.
Kawasha. Silenus toppes the barrel, but
ORDER IN THE PRIVY COUNCIL. 679
Tobacco toppes the braine,
And makes the vapours fire and soote,
That man revives againe —
Nothing but fumigation
Doth charm away ill spirites,
Kawasha and his nation
Found out these holy rites."
CCXCIX. ORDER IN THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
From London " Documents relating to the Colonial His-
tory of the State of New York," vol. iii. p. 2. Albany,
1853.
"At the Court, Whitehall the 23. of January 1613.
being Sonday afternoone.
Present.
Lo. Arehb. of Cant. Lo. Knollys.
Lo. Chancellor. [Thos.] Lo. Wotton.
Lo. Pr. Seale. Lo. Stanhope.
Lo. Chamberlaine. S"" Jul : Caesar.
" The answer of the Lords of His Majesties unto the com-
pleynts exhibited by the Lord Embassador of France touch-
inge spoyles and other violences supposed to be committed
by His Majesties subjects of Great Brittaine upon the sub-
jects of France on the Coast of Greeneland and Cannada.
. . . [The part relating to Greenland is omitted.] For the
matter of Cannada, their Lordships having required The
Treasurer and Councell of Virginia, whom it concernes, to
make answer thereunto, they say, that since the month of
June, they have not received any shipp or advice from Vir-
ginia, whereby they cannot be informed of any such misde-
meanors, but upon Captain Argall's returne, which they
expect about the beginning of the Spring, or upon any
other notice of the fact, (whereof they will seeke to be
niformed by all the means they may,) they will certifie their
Lordships, whereupon such course shall be taken for resti-
tution and punishment of the ojffenders as shall be to the
680 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
good satisfaction of the sayd Lord Embassador, and the
parties interested."
[Mem. — Court minutes, East India Company. February
26, 1614. '* Permission to Sir Thomas Dale, now employed
in Vu'ginia, to adventure £100. in the joint stock, at the
request of Sir Wm. Throgmorton." March 3. " Lent two
culverins to The Virginia Company."
In March the States General grant the Dutch charters,
for making discoveries, trading, etc., in America.
Captain Marmaduke Roydon, Captain George Langam,
Master John Buley, and Master William Skelton sent two
ships from London, under Master Thomas Hunt and Cap-
tain John Smith, for our New England coast. They went
from the Downes the third of March, 1614, " Set out by
certaine Merchants for the love of gaine."
The Somers Islands Company sent out about this time
for the Bermudas, the Blessing, the Starr, the Margaret,
and two pinnaces, the Thomas and the Edwin.]
CCC. GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME S592, FOLIO U-
Copy of an original letter of Don Diego Sarmiento de
Acuna to the King of Spain, dated London, March 17,
1614.
" Sire.
" Since I have come here I have continued reporting to
Y. M. about the condition of the Colonies of Virginia and
Bermuda, as far as I have heard. About Virginia they
tell me that a resolution has been passed to abandon that
colony, and carry the people to Bermuda ; because Virginia
does not in any way answer to what had been expected,
and is on the contrary very expensive to the company here,
which sustains it, and the King gives nothing but Patents
and Titles towards the establishment of these Colonies.
SIR HENRY NEVILLE
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 681
The members of the Virginia Company have now asked
permission from the King and the Council, to mthdraw the
people from there this Spring, before the few siu'vivors
should die. Tliis permission has not been granted, (has
been refused) with the suggestion that it was well to pre-
serve that place, altho' it be good for nothing more than to
kill people and to afford an outlet to them from here ;
since in this Kingdom here, they grow and multiply so as
to be innumerable. Thus they have gone back and tried a
kind of fortune, which here they call a Lottery, to succor
and maintain that colony of Virginia, which as Y. M. no
doubt has heard had its beginning more than twenty years
ago. He who first brought the English here was Captain
* Don Guater Rale ' [Sir Walter Raleigh] a great favorite
of the Queen Elizabeth, and for her sake he called it Vir-
ginia. We expect Don Diego de Molina very shortly here
and he will surely tell us what there is in all this ; but some
of the Eno^lish themselves who have been over there have
spoken to me about it exactly as I have informed Y. M.
" It is three years since the English have had a footing
in Bermuda, by the accidental loss of a ship on that coast.
It was coming from Virginia ; the Captain was called ' Neo-
porte,' a famous sailor ; with a part of the timber and the
rigging of the wrecked ship they built themselves on the
island of Bermuda another small vessel, and in this ship
building and in well reconnoitreing the country they spent
ten months. Here they say that of old that Country was
called the Land of the Devils on account of the danofers of
the Sea, the coast and the harbour ; but now this Colony
appears with great power, and here they speak of it with
great consideration. A company has already been formed
of [if'giro'url of this city, for its benefit, which counts, I am
told, more than four hundred Members, and among them
the Earl of Pembroke of the Council of State, the Earl of
Southampton, Count Montgomery, Baron Walden, eldest
son of the Earl of Suffolk and other great lords and
knights ; but the majority are merchants, and great hopes
682 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
are entertained from this discovery, i£ the peace with Spain
should ever be broken. The people that were there last
year, were one hundred persons men and women. There
will probably leave here three hundred persons, two hun-
dred and fifty men, and a few women, most of them lost
people, or put in jail as vagabonds, and thus now they send
them out to help in Bermuda. These people go out in a
ship and in two pinnaces ; the ship is called ' The Star,' of
two hundred and sixty tons, carries twenty-four pieces of
artillery. The pinnaces are of 20 tons each and in each of
them go some twenty five men ; they also carry some very
small little pieces of artillery. They also send out in this
ship some engineers and skilled workmen, who know how
to throw up fortifications (earth-works), with some elderly
men to be put in charge of these ships and to govern on
shore, with a list, and the rank of those who are, each one
to succeed others, precisely as if they were dying men and
failing ; because he who has so far been the Head of the
English in Bermuda, is Master * Mun ' [Moor] a carpenter.
They go to this place with the intention of well fortifying
that post and to keep putting into it up to a thousand
Englishmen, and thus they propose very shortly to send
another ship there, which is called ' Mateo ' of two hun-
dred and fifty tons, with twenty two pieces of artillery and
carrying out a hundred settlers. They say that there is
but one single channel by which you can enter the port,
that this channel is one ' mile ' long in passing, which is
the third part of a league. They go to the entrance of
this channel intending to erect a fort on each side, and to
furnish them with much artillery. They have destroyed
and shut up every other landing place in the whole island,
so that in no part of it a vessel can come to the shore,
unless it be thro' this one channel, the entrance of which is
on the Northside, or on the other side, almost directly oppo-
site of it towards the South, which they have not been able to
close entirely. Nor do they trouble themselves much about
this, because, they say that no large ship can approach it.
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 683
but only launches and small boats. It is for this pui-pose
that they carry the two pinnaces, because it seems to them
that they will be sufficient to prevent any one from entering
that Road and little harboiu-. Those who are now going
out carry with them power and authority to distribute lands
as heulooms to private Englishmen, as it may appear best
to them in order that they may work them and reap the
benefit, as if they were their own. They find in this island
of Bermuda such a number of pigs that they need not
much meat ; there is also a great abundance of birds and
fishes there. The principal hope of profit which they cher-
ish of this Colony is in the amber, which has been found in
abundance, and in Pearls likewise, because in a very shallow
water and without its being necessary to ^l^-^^ they have
already found a large number, and have brought some
home with them, wdiich have been sold at forty reales each
pearl ; while they hope in deeper water they will find more
of them and larger ones. For this purpose they take out
with them some famous divers, and as they have also been
told, that it was on this coast Don Luis de Cordoba was
lost with the four silver-Galleons, they go with the inten-
tion of making these swimmers and divers search carefully,
if they may discover some of these ships, which they pre-
sume must hold great treasures. In pursuing the pearl
fishery within the sea they meet on the coast of Bermuda
with one great difficulty which has prevented them so far
from fishing except on the coast, and this is a great quan-
tity of certain fishes larger than dogs, which it is said the
Enghsh call from their form ' Jarques ' [sharks] and the
latter say that they attack and at once, dispatch any man.
The Enghsh, how^ever, are also full of hope, to catch them
and clear the coast of them. This Company continues to
possess much property and thus that Colony will be liber-
ally assisted and helped with everything that may be neces-
sary.
" They tell me that the Embassador of this king here, at
your Court, has written to him that Y. M. w^as bent upon
684 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
destroying this Colony of the English and to drive them
out of Bermuda. Now Count Somerset has also thus
informed the members of the Bermuda-Company, in order
that in conformity with this they may arrange matters, pre-
pare all that may be necessary and send succour promj)tly.
It is this which makes this vessel sail now with the two
pinnaces, and the other ship will also sail very shortly. All
the Members of this Company, therefore, tell me, that they
are filled with anxiety, especially as they have also been
told that there are several English pilots in the navy of Y.
M., who know that coast perfectly well, as also the harbour,
having been there themselves ; on this account it is that,
altho' they had given orders to these ships who are now
carrying these people over there, after having landed them
in Bermuda, to go and catch codfish at Newfoundland ;
they have now, after this warning, changed their plan and
ordered those sliips to lie by and assist in guarding the
island.
" Y. M. will see from all these statements what may be
most important to be done for His Royal service, and if it
should be necessary for me here to take any special meas-
ures, Y. M. will be pleased to command me.
" May God protect the Catholic person of Y. M. etc.
"London March 17. 1614.
" Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna."
[Mem. — Entered at Stationers' Hall, March 9, 1614, by
Felix Kinsrston — under the handes of Sir Thomas Smitlie
and M"^ Warden Feild. " A declaration of the present estate
of the English in Virginia, with the final resolucon of the
Great Lotterye intended for their supply."
Copies of this publication seem to have been sent to
all the city companies of London ; and it has been said
that none can now be found ; but I am convinced that
CCCXLH. was a later issue of the same publication. The
reference in CCCXLI. is certainly to CCCXLIL, and the
reference in CCCI. is certainly to this publication, and I
PRIVY COUNCIL TO CITY COMPANIES. 685
am sure that both references are to the same publication.
See, also, the remarks on CCCXLII. and that number
itself. The following letter was sent with this Declara-
tion (of March 9, 1G14), to the several city companies of
London.]
CCCI. PRIVY COUNCIL TO CITY' COMPANIES.
" To Our very loving frindes the Master Wardens and As-
sistants of the Company of . . .
" After our harty commendations, wee send you herewith
a true declaration of the present estate of the English Colony
planted in Virginia together with a project by help of a
lottery to bring at length that work to the successe desired.
Wee shall not need to commend unto you that worthy and
Christian enterprize full of honour and profitt to His Majes-
tic and the whole realme, yf the endes in the sayd declara-
tion expressed may in processe of tyme be attained unto,
whereof the hopes (as you may perceave) nowe are great
for advancing and bringing whereof to some good perfec-
tion, we hartily pray you to employ your good endeavours
amongst the Brethren of your Company to adventure in the
sayd Lottery destined to soe good a purpose such reason-
able sumes of money as each of them may conveniently and
can willingly spare, nothing doubting but that excited by
your good example and persuasion they will shew them-
selves forward to adventure in soe faire a Lottery wherein
hapily they may be gainers, and what soever any shall loose
shall be bestowed on soe good a worke and so behovef ull to
the w^liole realme.
" You shall alsoe receave herewith from the Treasurer and
Councell of Virginia such Bookes as are requisite for the
registring of the sayd sumes adventured which we pray you
with as much expedition as may be (in regarde of their
present wants to sett forth a shippe thither this Springe) to
return with the money gathered to the sayd Treasurer, from
whom wee will take notice of your proceedings herein that
686 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
we may accordingly give you deferred thanks for the same.
And so we bid you hartily farewell.
" From the Court of Whitehall this first of April 1614.
" Your loving friends.
G. Cant, Exeter,
Lenox, Pembroke,
T. SUFFOLKE. W. KnOLLYS,
E. Worcester. J. Stanhope.
Jul. C^sar."
[Mem. — "Chamberlain to Carleton, London, 7. April,
1614. ... On Tuesday the 5"' of this present, the King,
Prince and Lords, rode in their robes to the Parliament
. . . The King made a long and excellent speech, consist-
ing of three principal parts wherein all his care lay — to
continue to his subjects bona animi, hona corporis, et bona
fortimce, by maintaining religion, preserving of peace, and
seeking their prosperity, by increasing of trades and traf-
ficsr
In the spring of 1614 Captain William Gibbons, who had
been with Button the previous year, sailed on a voyage for
the discovery of the northwest passage ; but took shelter in
" Gibbons his hole " on the coast of Labrador, and returned
to England in the autumn.]
CCCII. EXTRACT FROM GROCERS' RECORDS.
Court of Assistants — Grocers' Company.
"Curia Assist: die veneris scilt. 15. die Aprilis 1614
anno . . . xij. . . . Jacobi aug.
" Present : —
Sir Thomas Middleton K* Lo*^ Mayor.
Sir Robert Napier K'' & Baronet.
M"^ Nicholas Stile and M' George Bolles, Aldermen.
W Wm. Dale, M' Tho" Longston and M' Tho^ Westrow.
Wardens.
EXTRACT FROM GROCERS' RECORDS. 687
M' John Newman, M"^ Richard Denman,
" Robert Cox, " Humphrey Walcott,
" Richard Burrell, " Richard Aldworth,
" Anthony Soday, " Edmond Westall,
" Robert Bowyer, " W" Pennyfather,
" Roger Gwyn, " Laurence Grene,
" Richard Bourne, " Danyel Wynche,
" Thomas Moulson, " Humfrey Robinson,
" Robert Johnson, " Robert Mildmay.
" Wm. Barrett,
" This day alsoe were read openly to the generallitye of
the Company here assembled the letters of the right Hon-
om-able the lordes and others [CCCI.] of his Majesties most
Honourable privy Counsaile directed to M"^ Wardens for
adventures in Lottery by the several Brothers of this Com-
pany for supporting the plantation in Vh^ginia which letters
are dated primo ApriHs 1614. The tenour whereof ensueth
in these wordes viz*. [See CCCL]
" Alsoe was then publickly read to the whole Assembly a
declaration printed of the present estate of the EngHsh
Colony planted in Virginia with a finall resolution of the
great Lottery entended for their supply sett forth by his
Majesties Councell for Virginia [see 9th March, 1614].
Together with a Lottery Booke with certen directions sent
to Mr. Wardens and Assistants of this Company by the
Treasurer and Counsell of Virginia for Registring the
names of the adventiu-ers with their several somes of money
to be adventured therein.
" And thereupon Mr. Warden Dale with many forcible
reasons for the general advancement of Christianity and
good of the common-wealth moved and persuaded the whole
assembly then present to write perticulerly with their owne
handes how much every of them would willingly sett-downe
severally to adventure in the sayd Lottery entended to soe
good a purpose.
^'Whereupon it then pleased the Right Honourable Sir
688 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Thomas Middleton, K* Lord Mayor of this city and many
other Brethren of this Company with their several handes
to write in the sayd booke ho we muehe they woulde therein
voluntary adventure as by the sayd booke may appear."
[There are no more entries in minute books nor war-
dens' accounts of the Virginia Company after this. The
book mentioned is not now among the muniments of the
Grocers' Company. It is presumed that whatever was done
after this was by Grocers in their individual and not in their
corporate capacity. The Irish plantation is mentioned at
nearly every court for some years following this date as a
serious business of the company as a body ; not so the Vir-
ginia plantation. — J. A. Kingdon, 1885.]
CCCIII. THE LORD MAYOR TO CITY COMPANIES.
A letter from Sir Thomas Middleton, Lord Mayor, directed
to the master and wardens of the city companies.
" After my hearty Comendacons.
" These are to lett you understand that I am required by
the Lords of his Majesties most honorable privy Counsell to
recommend unto your care the effecting of their Lordships
desires for the furtherance of the Virginia plantacon, as by
their Lordshipps letters [CCCL] herewithall sent may ap-
peare.
" Wherefore I pray and require you forthAvith to call a
Courte and to use your best endeavours to accomplishe their
Lordshipps pleasures in regard it is for soe charitable and
Christian a worke, and by wliich meanes wee maybe dis-
burthened of many idle and vagrant persons which other-
wise are, and wilbe more and more, chargeable, dangerous,
and troublesome unto the state.
" And soe I bid you hartely farwell. xx*'' of April, 1614.
" Your Loving ffreiud. Tho : Midleton, Maior."
EXTRACT FROM COMMONS JOURNAL. 689
[Mem. — The Elizabeth, Captain Adams, which sailed
from England October 14, 1613 (see CCXCV.), taking the
first potatoes to the Bermudas, reached Virginia, bringing
silkworms, etc., in the winter of 1613-14. She sailed from
Virofiiiia in March followino- havins: on board Sir Thomas
Gates, the Sieur de la Motte, etc.
Gates carried to Eno-land the official accounts of " Aro-all's
Voyages to the Northward," and other documents now un-
known. He certainly reached England some time before
the 12th of May, and I am inclined to think before the
20th of April, 1614. Howes says : " This yeere 1614. Sir
Th : Gates came from Virginia into England, using his best
meanes for more supplies to continue theii- plantation, hav-
ing left behind him not full 400. men of all that were sent
thither, over whom Sir Th : Dale, Knight, a valiant souldier
and discreet Governour had the full charge and rule."]
CCCIV. EXTRACT FROM COMMON'S JOURNAL.
The Muscovy Company was now upon the question, with
Spain, France, and Holland. The English-American enter-
prise was " between two fires," France and Spain. The
colony was in jeopardy, and the company wished to yield
up their patent, and have the colony attached more directly
to the crown. Among the '" Bills to be drawn by liis Maj-
esties most gracious direction for the good and comfort of
his people upon certain of the propositions exhibited to his
Majesty [about February, 161|], and to be offered to the
[next] Parliament," was " An act for tho better plantation
of Virginia and supply thereof." — See Bacon's " Letters
and Life by Spedding," vol. v. p. 17.
Mr. Neill in his " Virginia Company of London," pp. 67,
68, says : " Sir Thomas Smith, a member of the House of
Commons, in a debate on the 20th of April, said that
if he as the Governor of the Company could influence
the members, the patent should be brought in. Sergeant
Montague declared that the patent was against law, and
690 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
a member by the name of Middleton said, ' That the Com-
pany were willing to yield up their patent, that it had
not been their intention to use it otherwise than for the
good of aU parties, and confessed that there had been some
miscarriages. The shopkeepers of London sent over all
kinds of goods, for which they received tobacco mstead of
coin, infinitely to the prejudice of the Commonwealth.
Many of the divines now smell of tobacco, and poor men
spend 4d. of their day's wages at night in smoke, and wished
that this patent may be damned, and an act of Parliament
passed for the government of the Colony by a Company.'
" After considerable discussion it was ordered by the
House of Commons that the patent should be brought the
next day."
CCCV. EXTRACT FROM MERCHANT TAYLORS' RECORDS.
From the minutes of a court of assistants of the Merchant
Taylors' Company, held May 6, 1614.
" At this Courte was openly read a letter receaved from
the Lords of his Majesties most honorable privy Counsell,
the words whereof are these, viz : [See CCCI.]
" Alsoe another letter from the right honorable the Lord
Maior directed to the Master and Wardens in these words,
viz* : [See CCCIIL]
" Alsoe a paper booke under the hand of Sir Thomas
Smyth Knight, and the Virginia Companyes Scale, for such
as shalbe disposed to make any Adventure in the Lottery to
sett their hands to such somes of money as they purpose to
putt into the Lottery.
" And lastly there was alsoe presented to this Courte a
true declaration in print of the present estate of the EngHsh
Colony planted in Virginia. [See March 9, 1614.]
" All wliich letters and printed declaration being openly
read and duely considered of — It is ordered and agreed at
this Court as well in respect of the Coun sells letters, as in
regard of the future good that may come thereby. That
SIR JOHN OGLE
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON. 691
the some o£ ffifty pounds shalbe putt into the Lottery, out
of the stock of this howse, and what prizes or other proffitt
soever may growe or come thereby to be truely aunswered
agayne to the use of the howse, Our Master to pay the same,
and have it allowed in his Accompt. And soe many of the
assistants as please in particular to make any adventure in
the said Lottery to sett their hands and somes to the said
booke. And after the assistants have done, It is ordered
that our Mr. and Wardens shall cause the whole Livery and
all of the Batchellers Company to be sommoned unto the
Hall, and there to lett them understand, what the Counsells
pleasure is, and what hath bin done by the assistants, that
as many as have any desire to further, this worke intended,
may sett their hands and somes to the booke before men-
tioned."
CCCVI. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
John Chamberlain to the right honorable Sir Dudley Carle-
ton, Knight, Lord Ambassador for his Majestic at
Venice.
..." Sir Thomas Gates is come from Virginia and brings
word that that plantation will fall to the ground yf yt be
not presently supplied. He speakes of wonderfull commod-
ities that are to be had there, yf we could have the patience
and would be at the cost to bring them to perfection. . . .
" From London May 12"' 1614."
There was so much diplomacy in the management of the
enterprise, and in the various reports given out — so many
" stratagems," as Molina calls them, — that it is really im-
possible to know exactly how much reliance to place in the
various contemporary letters, reports, publications, etc.
692 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
CCCVII. EXTRACT FROM COMMONS JOURNAL.
Mr. Neill in his " Vii-ginia Company of London," on p.
6S, gives the following. [See CCCIV.]
" On the 12"' of May the Council for Virginia presented
a petition for aid, which was read, and the next Monday
[16th], at nine o'clock in the morning, was designated as the
time to hear the case ; but on the 16*'' M"" Brooke moved
that the Virginia business should be taken up the next day
at seven o'clock.
" On the 17**" of May it was ordered that Lords South-
ampton, Sheffield, and others, should come in to hear the
discussion of Virginia affairs, and shall sit with uncovered
heads until otherwise requested by the Speaker. It was
further ordered that any member that stood in the entry
should pay a fine of 12d. to the Sergeant-at-arms, and that
there should be great silence while the Lords were present."
[See CCCVIIL]
CCCVIII. EXTRACT FROM COMMONS JOURNAL.
COMMONS JOURNAL, VOLUME L PAGES 4S7-4S9.
I give CCCVIIL ; and CCCIX. as they are in the Com-
mons Journal, in " the short hand " of the period, without
attempting to fill them out. The report is a mere outhne ;
but it probably affords a fair idea of the debate.
" Martis. IT*'' Maii. 12.<^ Jacobi. A. 1614. . . .
*'Mr. Martyn of Counsel with the Company cometh in
before the Lords — The Bar, first down taken up at the
Lords coming in. The Lords stood bare, till after M"" Mar-
tyn had begun. Then M'' Speaker spake to him to stay ;
And then, in the name of the House, spake to them, signi-
fying to them the pleasure of the House, that they should
sit down, and be covered.
[Mr. Martyn continuing.] " Queen Eliz. of ever-growing
memory, compared by the King to Augustus. That the
EXTRACT FROM COMMONS JOURNAL. 693
Lady of the Seas, whole fleet stooping — the Reel Cross
ill one of her Ships. The discovery by her subjects, of all
the Seas about the Avorld.
" Amadis. And after, Whyte, Employed by Sir W. Ra-
leighe, in those Discoveries. He termed a subject of Envy,
in his Greatness ; now a Mirror of the Vanity of all Earthly
thino's.
" This Plantation began 1606. Religion. Captain New-
port. Sir Tho. Gates. Virginia, a Bridle for the Neopoli-
tane Courser, if our Youth of England able to sit him ; for
which they will give them golden spurs.
" L. d' la Warre.
" That now a settled Plantation : all things necessary
for food.
" That this conquest just. The Spanyards course in the
Indyes — Don John D'Aquyla in Ireland. Our usage of
the Indyes merciful & respective — That this country never
yet felt the yoke of the plow.
" 1. Objection, that, if this undertaken by this House, and
King, this might prove to a War.
" Ans. That this no just cause of offence. The name
given by the Queen. The Spanyards defend the West In-
dyes ; the Por'. the East ; the French the River of . . .
The Hollander their forts in the Moluccos.
" That the Spanyard, by our Forces, di'awn to that ex-
tremity, that they would —
" That this city hath not three Armourers —
" This time of Relief for the King: —
" That they require, is but a few honest Labourers, bur-
thened with children.
" Moveth, a committee may consider of the means for this,
for seven years ; at which some of then* Company may be
present.
" Columbus his offer to H. VII. neglected, because no pre-
ent Profit.
" That this Country giveth Hope of all those commodities
which a Southern Country can promise." . . .
694 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
[Old Fuller, says of Martin, " He is eminent, as for
many speeches, so especially for that he made in parHa-
ment in the tenth [twelfth ?] year of King James, when ac-
count was taken of forty gentlemen in the house which
were not twenty, and some of them not sixteen, years of
age. * Formerly,^ said this Recorder Martyn, ^ it was the
custom of old men to make laws for young ones ; but now
nature is invaded and inverted, seeing young men enact laws
to govern their fathers.' "]
When Martin concluded.
"Sir Roger Owen. [Moved.] That the Treasurer of
Virginia, and those that be of that Company, shall with-
draw themselves, 'till the matter be debated.
" Mr, Brooke^ contra : For, if a Bill here that concerneth
Yorke, he not to be withdrawn ; for that it concerneth the
Commonwealth.
" Mr. Edw. Montague : That the Speech of Mr. Martyn
the most unfitting that ever was spoken in this House."
[Here follows a debate on the unfitness of Mr Martyn's
speech.]
" Sir E. Hohy was for calling him to the bar.
"Mr. Dimcomhe said he patronized as a schoolmaster-
teaching his scholars.
" Sir R. Phillips, while admitting that he had made a
great mistake, spoke in the defensive.
" Sir G. Moore, said it was an extraordinary step to ad-
mit counsel in the House upon the hearing of a petition,
and that the speech was still more strange." . . .
It was finally.
" Ordered. He (Martyn) shall come to the Bar to-mor-
row, standing (not kneeling).
" Mr. Speaker to charge him : He to make his submis-
sion."
CCCIX. EXTRACT FROM COMMONS JOURNAL.
" Mercurii. 18° Maii 12° Jacobi. ... He offered to kneel.
EXTRACT FROM COMMOXS JOURNAL. 695
[Sir Randolph Crewe.] "Mr Speaker. That he had
done himself much Right in the Beginning. Petition of
Viro'inia. Order for the Counsel. That he then for Coun-
sel appeared, with divers Lords. That at first prepared to
hear him with all Resj^ect and Love. The remembrances of
the Plantation well accepted, and looked upon with eyes of
our love.
" That after unfortunately digressed to matters of much
weight, impertinent. That took upon him to censure some-
things and advise.
" That the House took this for a great Presumption, and
did disdain and contemn it. That the House, zealous of
the honour of the House, hath thought fit to convene him
to the Place, where his offence, to receive satisfaction from
him. That hath many Friends here ; yet now all look upon
him with Eyes as Judges, not as private Friends.
" Mr Martyn : That all mens actions subject to Error ;
his more, because so weak. Yet not in Love with Error,
and is willing, as any man, to be divorced from it. Con-
fesseth, he hath digressed from order and from his own
Purpose.
" This occasioned by the Presense of the Lords, he not
well instructed in the Business. That when he came, Hke
to a ship, that cutteth the Cable, and putteth to Sea — So
he, to cut his memory and trust to his Invention.
" That never knew of the Lords Presence.
" When here, the zeal of this House eat up his judgment.
That he f orgat himself e — Acknowledge his Error, not for
Fear of Punishment.
" Glad, be Example to all others.
" Submitteth himself to their censure.
" Doth it not mth dejected countenance ; for cannot but
receive Comfort in acknowleging of his error."
[Here follows short debate.]
" Sir Wm. Maijnard. Glad the House yesterday in-
clined to mercy — Commended the carriage and answer.
" Sir Bo.Phill'qypes. . . . moveth, he may now be called
696 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
for, and the Pleasure of the House signified to him. That
the House taketh his offence great, and of a high Pitch :
That they have Hkewise incHned to the Height of Mercy ;
resj)ecting his Person, good affections, and former service
here. They, upon his acknowledgement here really made,
are pleased to be remitted, presuming, he will sin no more
in the like.
" J/r. Martin. That this Doom sheweth, they not per-
suaded he came to offend with a high Hand. Thanks for
their Favour. Petitioneth, that, to fill up the Measure of
their Grace, they would be pleased to appoint a Committee,
to consider of the Virginia Business."
This Parliament did not take the Virg^inia business in
hand. It is known in history as the " Addled Parliament,"
from the circumstance that it never passed a single measure.
It will be noted that the Lords are mentioned in the trou-
ble with Martin. The Parliament was dissolved June 7tli
following, in consequence of the quarrel with the House of
Lords arising out of the question of the legality of certain
impositions or exactions, which the Commons insisted should
be removed before supplies were voted.
CCCX. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON.
..." On tewsday Dick Martin came to the Parliament
house as a Counsaillor to plead for some course to be held
for the upholding of Virginia, and to countenance the cause
the Earle of Southampton, the Lord Sheffield and the Lord
De la Ware, came with him and were admitted to be present :
but after a while having spoken but little in the cause he
came for, he fell to ripping up what had passed since theyre
sitting, taxing them for theyre slow proceeding, for theyre
disorderly cariage, and schooling them what they shold do,
with divers odde glaunces, wherwith he so discontented
them that after he was gon there was much arguing what
course they shold take with him, and in the end yt was
LORKIN TO PUCKERING. 697
airreed he sliold be called to the barre and aunswer his mis-
demean lire : so yesterday he appeared there and with much
shew of hiimilitie and submission did so insinuate himself
into them that after a while they remitted his kneeling-, and
in respect of hissgoode service heretofore in that house did
after some admonition cleerly release him : but the Lords
that accompanied him are more angry mth him then all
the rest, and will not be satisfied. Thus you see though
he abstained from beeing of the parlement for feare of
being transported and doing himself harme, yet yt was in
fails that he should shame himself in that house. . . .
" Sir John Digby carries himself high and lookes after
great matters, sayeing he hath ben in the greatest emplo}--
ment the King hath except the Deputiship of Ireland, and
yet his allowance exceeds that : yt seemes he can stoope no
lower from his cloth of state that he used in Spame, as like-
wise his Lady, but I know not ^^er quam regidare : he de-
maunds a £1.000 for his transportation or ayudas de costa
for his comming home, but he is like to get yt at leasure.
So with all due remembrance to my Lady, I commend you
to the protection of the Almighty. From London this 19"*
of May 1614.
" Your Lordship's to commaund.
"John Chamberlain."
Addressed : " To the right honorable S"" Dudley Carleton,
Kt L*^ Ambassador for his Ma"^ at Venice."
CCCXI. LORKIN TO PUCKERING.
Rev. Thomas Lorkin to Sir Thomas Puckering, Bart., at
Madrid. [From London, May 28, 1614.]
..." Not many days since, Mr. Martin, the lawyer, pre-
suming to tax the House, incurred the danger of a severe
censure, if many friends, accompanied by an humble submis-
sion of his own, had not the more powerfully mediated for
him. He was no member of the House ; but entertained by
the Virginia Company to recommend unto the House a
G98 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
favourable consideration of something that imported that
adventure. Coming therefore to speak, he left his theme
which was appointed him, and began to reprove the House
for wasting so much time, to so little purpose ; and then, as
if had had more brain than all, undertook to become their
pedagogue, and to instruct them (chiefly the younger sort,
whereof there is some number) in what steps they ought to
tread, and in what order they are to proceed. The next
day he was called to the bar, and there arraigned for his
presumption ; where, upon the earnest mediation of many
friends, and his own submissive acknowledgment upon his
knees, he was pardoned his offence ; the House contenting
themselves to have remonstrated unto him his temerity and
arrogance, without inflicting further punishment." . . .
CCCXII. EXTRACT FROM CARAYON.
Extract from " Primiere Mission des Jesuites au Canada,"
page 1, note 1. See CLXVHL and CXCVI.
"We shall add to the letters of our first missionaries in
Canada a fragment of a memoir, entitled : Monumenta
JVovce Franclce, ah anno 1607, ad annum 1737. Insuloe
3IartiniccB, ah anno 1678. Insulce Cayemiensis, ah anno
1668.
" The translation of the second chapter of this MS., pre-
served in our Archives at Rome, will give a collection of
facts concerning New France, which is not found in the let-
ters which we publish. . . .
" The year following their arrival, two more of our So-
ciety [Jesuits] went to join them : they were Father Quentin
and the Brother-Coadjutor Gilbert du Thet.
" Two years spent at Port-Royal convinced our Fathers
that it was impossible to make this the centre of their mis-
sion, partly because of the difficulty to draw to that place a
great concourse of Savages, partly because of the trouble
caused by those who were in command.
*^ They transferred the seat of their mission to another
EXTRACT FROM CARAYOK 699
})oint of the same Coast, under the 45"' degree 30 minutes
of Latitude, and this upon a Command of the King-. This
establishment took the name of Saint Sauveur.
'^^ They had been but recently established there, when the
English, coming upon them unexpectedly, took possession of
the French vessel, seized the Commander's Letters Patent,
and by signal wickedness, treated him as a pirate. At the
time of the attack several Frenchmen were killed, and
among them Brother Gilbert du Thet, a man remarkable for
his courage and his piety.
" The triumphant English, after having leisurely plun-
dered everybody, abandoned a portion of the French in a
wretched bark, and carried the Fathers Biard and Quentin
with them to Virginia. Our two prisoners expected to be
condemned to death, especially, when, upon being brought
back to Port Royal, they refused to betray the retreat of
those Frenchmen, who kept themselves concealed in the
neighborhood. Sent back once more to Virginia, they
would there probably have met their death, if Divine Prov-
idence had not defeated all efforts made by the English
sailors to effect a landing. The violence of the storm
driving them back upon the Azores, which belong to the
Portuguese, and where, in spite of them, they were compelled
to go ashore.
" The English themselves were compelled to admire the
loyalty and the charity of our Fathers, who, by simply
showing themselves to the Portuguese, might have brought
about the seizure of the ship and the condemnation to death
of the EngHsh, by being declared j^irates. Before entering
the harbor, they had exacted from their prisoners the
promise that they would not denounce them, and would keep
themselves in concealment durino- the whole time of their
stay at the Azores. During the \4sit which the Portuguese
paid to the ship the Fathers remained down in the hold,
where they escaped all curious eyes. This generosity and
this faithfulness in keeping the promise they had made,
surprised the English so greatly, that they immediately
700 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
changed tlieir behavior towards their pnsoners and carried
them directly to England, where they praised them aloud.
" The French Ambassador, when he heard of their arrival,
hastened to reclaim them officially, and caused them to be
honorably carried back to their native land in the month
of May, 16M." . . .
CCCXIII. BIARD TO ACQUAVIVA.
From Carayon's " Premiere Mission," etc., pages 106-
116. (See CLXVIII.)
" Letter written by Father Pierre Biard, to the very Rev**
Father Claude Acquaviva, General of the Society of Jesus."
Translated from the Latin original preserved in the Ar-
chives of Jesus at Rome.
"Amiens, May l^, 1614.
" My Very Reverend Father !
" Pax Christi !
" Since thanks to a special blessing of God and to the
prayers of your Fatherhood, we have quite recently escaped
from various most serious dangers, both gi-atitude and duty
compel me this day to throw myself, as fully as I can at the
feet of your Fatherhood, filled with most lively thankfulness
and most earnestly, in order to present to you my regard
and to prove to you my affection. I must, in fact, look
upon myself as chosen by the Lord Himself, both to repent
and to show the triumph of Grace, so very great are the
dangers from which I now see myself delivered, to my
great joy and surprise — but this is scarcely the time to
mention all the events in detail ; and I think your Father-
hood must have heard many things already from Father
Ennemond Masse ; leaving other things aside, I shall be
content to tell you to-day, how, after our capture by the
English in New France, we were dragged from place to
place and finally restored to our own Country.
"During the last year, 1613, we were in all, as your
Fatherhood knows, four (Fathers Biard, Masse, Quentin
CAPTAIN GEORGE PERCY
BIARD TO ACQUAVIVA. 701
and Brother clu Thet) members of the Society in New
France. At that time, we laid at last at a suitable place,
the foundations for a new estabhshment, and for a new
Colony.
" Just then, all of a sudden, I know not by what fortuitous
chance (for certainly it was not a premeditated plan) the
English of Virginia throw themselves upon our coast, take
possession, with great fury, of our ship, whilst almost all
our defenders were busy on shore. After some resistance,
we were compelled to surrender ; two Frenchmen were killed
in the fight and four wounded, without counting our brother
Gilbert du Thet, who was mortally wounded. He died
piously in my arms on the next day.
" When the vessel was taken and everything else stolen,
they did us, priests and Jesuits, a great favor by not taking
our lives ! However, under such circumstances, life is
something more cruel even than any kind of death. Stripped
of everything and in w^ant of everything what could we
have done at this place so completely deserted and unculti-
vated ? The Savages, to be sure, came to see us secretly at
night. They grieved over our misfortune, and promised
most heartily and sincerely, that they would do for us all
they could do, but such was the state of things and the
nature of the place that we saw nothing but Death around
us, or a wretchedness worse even than death. We were
thirty people, suffering the same anguish. What made our
Englishmen less cruel, was that one of our boats, evading
their vigilance, had escaped. They saw themselves com-
pelled to spare us, because they knew very well, that there
were witnesses now abroad who could testify to the violence
they had done us. They feared the lex talionis and the
vengeance that our King might take. They told us at last
(a noble favor indeed!) that for us thirty who remained,
they would leave at our disposal a boat, in which we might
sail along the coast and try to meet some French vessel,
that could take us back to our own country. They were
shown that this boat could not hold more than 15 persons,
702 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
but they would not grant us any more, not even one of our
own vessels.
" There was no time to lose. In this perplexity, each
one did what he could for his safety. Father Ennemond
Masse got mth 14 others into the boat, of which we have
spoken, and God has protected him, as your Fatherhood
has already heard.
" I went to see the English Commander ; and obtained for
myself and Father Jacques Quentin, my companion, as well
as for Jean Dixon, who had been admitted into the Society,
and for one servant, that we should be carried to some
island near by, where the EngHsh are in the habit of fish-
ing, and that we should be recommended to these fisher-
ermen in order that they might carry us to England, from
whence we could easily return to France. I obtained this,
I say, as a promise, but they did not keep their word. In
fact, we and the other Frenchmen who remained, fifteen in
number, were taken straight to Virginia,^ nearly 250 post-
leagues from where we had been taken prisoners. There,
new dangers ! The Governor of this fort wanted to hang
us all, but especially the Jesuits. The Captain who had
taken us prisoners opposed this, pleading the promise he had
given. This pledge or the fear of the King finally pre-
vailed.
" This Captain was afterwards ordered to return to that
part of New France where he had plundered us, to destroy
all French vessels that he might find there, and to burn all
forts and all houses.
" In fact, the French had there still two settlements, that
of Saint Croix, and that of Port Royal, where I had lived
two years. They fitted out three ships for this expedition,
two of them had been taken from us ; the third, larger and
fitted out for war, was that which had made us prisoners.
^ The situation at Jamestown in (Molina), a renegade Englishman who
August, 1613, was very interesting, pretended to be a Spaniard (Lymbry),
There were fifteen Frenchmen, includ- and the Indian maiden Pocahontas, all
ing two Jesuit fathers, naval officers prisoners there,
and others ; a Spaniard of distinction
BIARD TO ACQUAVIVA. 703
They allowed only eight Frenchmen to get on board these
vessels ; with the intention of availing themselves of the
first opportunity to send us back to our native land.
These ships sailed first to the place where we had been
made prisoners, and the English destroyed the crosses which
we had erected, but the punishment was not long delayed ;
before we left one of them, convicted I know not of what
crime, was hanged at the very same place. A Cross avenged
the Crosses ! We found here also new dangers. The Eng-
lish, as I said above, wanted to sail to the settlement of
Sainte-Croix, altho' there was then nobody there ; but they
had left there a supply of salt. I was the only one who
knew the way, and the English knew that I had lived there
formerly. They ask me to show them the way. I do all I
can to invent pretexts and to escape from their demands.
But I achieved nothing. Seeing clearly that I would not
conduct them there, the Captain broke out into great wrath,
and the danger became more imminent for me, when they
unexpectedly discovered the place without me. They plun-
dered it and reduced everything to ashes. Besides, they suc-
ceeded on this occasion in catching a Savage who led them
to Port Royal. If this accident relieved me of a great dan-
ger, it exposed me likewise to another, that was still greater.
In fact, after they had plundered and burnt Port-Royal,
which they found, I do not know why, abandoned by the
French, one of the very men who had left this post brought
a charge against me. He said I was a true and pure Span-
iard and did not dare return to France, because of certain
crimes which I had committed there. The Captain, already
inimical, seized this new pretext to rage, and asked his com-
panions what they thought of it ? Did it not seem just to
them, that I should be cast on shore and there be aban-
doned ? The opinion of the majority prevailed : They
wanted me to be carried back to Virginia, and that there,
in due form, and according to law, I should be restored to
the gallows from which I had escaped. Thus I was saved
for the time at least j we resumed at once our voyage to
70J: PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Virginia ; but two days later we were assailed by such a
tempest that our ships were dispersed. We do not know
what has become of the others.
" After having battled with the storm for three weeks, the
Captain [William Turner] of our ship, seeing how many
things were wanting, especially water, and that there was
no hope of our reaching Virginia soon, determined to take
refuge at the Portuguese islands called the Azores. This
decision once formed, I, who thought I had escaped the
rope that was prepared for me, fell once more into still
greater and very much greater peril, since now I had com-
panions who shared it with me. In fact, the English as
they came near these islands, began to reflect that they
were lost, if we were discovered, we, priests and Jesuits ;
that we would be set free by the Cathohc Portuguese and
that they, on the contrary, would be punished as pirates
and persecutors of priests. This anxiety troubled us much.
What were we going to do ? Would they throw us into
the water ? Would it be enough to hide us ? In the midst
of this anguish and these hesitations the Captain sent for
me and explained the matter to me. I replied, that for my-
self the greatest misfortune in my death was, that I should
become the occasion of a crime for others. I promised him,
that, if he wished to conceal us, I would further his wishes
in all sincerity.
" What thoughts did the Lord instill in his mind, that he
shoidd trust my words ? I really do not know, but what I
do know, is that if he had foreseen the dangers which he
had to face thereafter, he would not have listened to me.
" He conceals us therefore in the depth of the hold. For
three weeks we did not see daylight ; but in the harbor of
the island of Fayal there arose so many difficulties and the
ship was so often examined, that it is astonishing we should
not have been discovered ; the Lord permitted it for the
gi-eater Glory of our Society. The English themselves saw
clearly, that if we had desired to show ourselves and to
denounce them, we had frequent opportunities to do so.
-
BIARD TO ACQUAVIVA. 705
They subsequently, in England and even in the presence of
theii- ministers, praised our loyalty in keeping our word, to
the great surprise of the enemies of the Faith.
" The Enghsh, after their escape from this danger, de-
cided to sail for England rather than for Virginia, which
was much farther oft'. They were in want of all that was
most necessary for such a voyage.
" We steer therefore in the direction of England. The
voyage was long and unpleasant. Fogs and darkness made
us lose the right way, and we were driven to Wales, not far
from Ireland. Our Captam had gone on shore in the little
town of Pembroke, in order to procure provisions, when cer-
tain appearances made him to be looked upon as a pirate
and he was thrown into prison : in order to clear himself he
protested that he was no pirate, and in support of his inno-
cence, he appealed to the two Jesuits who were on board
his ship, saying that if they were questioned, they would
make known the truth. What goodness of Divine Provi-
dence ! We were in the middle of winter and everything
was wantino- on board. If we had not received some assist-
ance, we should have perished from cold and suffering.
What happened? They immediately sent for the Jesuits
and brought them into town, to the great astonishment of
everybody. They questioned us as witnesses ; we depose
what we knew, that is to say, that the Captain was a King's
officer and not a pirate, and that his conduct towards us was
an act of obedience and not the result of his own will.
" Our Captain was thus restored to liberty, and we with
him. They kept us in town with great consideration, until
an answer should come from London. We had long to
wait. During this time we have had frequent controversies
with the ministers, but more frequently still with simple
protestants. Everybody was at Hberty to call on us, altho'
we were not allowed to leave the house. In everything else
we were well treated, as I have said before.
" At last we receive order to embark for London. It was
a long voyage, and theve occurred several very provoking de-
706 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
lays. Not to enumerate all these details, let it suffice to say
that the Kino; of Eno^land sent us to the town of Dover and
made us cross from there to Calais, in France. The Gov-
ernor of the town of Calais and the Mayor received us very
kindly and kept us three days, to recover from our fatigues.
We reached afterwards Amiens, where we now are.
" We have thus been prisoners for nine and a half
months, always on board ship, with the exception, as I said,
of the days we spent at Pembroke. For three months we
received daily only two ounces of bread and a small piece of
salt-fish, and water which was almost always brackish. Hence
we were surprised not to be taken sick, while the majority
of the Enghsh were sick and some of them even succumbed.
Surely, the Lord has kept us, thanks to the prayers of your
Fatherhood and of those of our Society. May Heaven in
His goodness turn all this to His greater glory, to the im-
provement of my life, and to my salvation ! I hope for that,
assisted by the prayers and the blessing of your Fatherhood,
which I implore most humbly and on my knees, and with all
the fervor of which I am capable.
" May the Lord Jesus always protect Your Fatherhood
and deign to grant you His Mercy, my Very Reverend and
very kind Father I
" Your Fatherhood's obedient son and unworthy servant.
"Pierre Biard.
"Amiens, May 26*^^ 1614."
CCCXIV. BIARD TO LOUIS XIII.
Documents CCCXIV. and CCCXV. were probably not
written until 1615 ; but as CCCXII. to CCCXVL, inclusive,
are illustrative of each other, I have determined to disregard
the dates at which they were written, and to place them all
together as being the most convenient arrangement. Biard's
Tract, " Relation de la Nouvelle-France ; de ses Terres, Nat-
urel du Pays, et de ses Habitans, item du Voyage des Peres
Jesuites aux dictes coutrees, et de ce qu' ils y ont faict jus-
BIARD TO LOUIS XIII. 707
ques a leur prinse par les Anglois. Faicte par le P. Pierre
Biard, grenoblois, de la C'" Cy-dessus," was published at
Lyons, France, in 1G16, under the following privilege :
" Michel Coyssard, Vice-Provincial of the society of Jesus in
the Province of Lyons (under the Privilege granted by the
most christian kings to the said society) authorizes Louis
Muguet, to print and to sell the Relation, for the term of
four years. Done at Lyons the 23"^*^ of January 1616 "
[i. e. 13th January, English style]. This tract was reprinted,
under the auspices of the Canadian government, at Quebec,
in 1858, from a copy of the original edition, preserved in
the Imperial Library, Paris, France. In 1871 Dr. O'Calla^
ghan had printed at Albany, N. Y., twenty-five copies m fac-
simile, from a copy owned by Rufus King, of Jamaica, L. I.
Originals are very rare. I have never seen mention of
the sale of a perfect copy ; but I suppose one would be worth
$250 or more.
The tract contains thirty-seven chapters and an index of
the most remarkable things, the whole being about 50,000
words. Much of it does not come within the scope of my
work. I will only give the part that does. The tract has
been used by several American historians, who have pubhshed
extracts therefrom ; but we have no English translation of
the whole, as far as I know.
Letter Dedicatory of Father Peter Biard of Grenoble of the
S. of J.
"To the King^ [of France].
" Sire,
" If I present to your Majesty this relation of your New
France, the description of the country, and a recital of the
manners and strana'e customs of the savagfe life of the Can-
adians, I am bound to do so by many kinds of duty. Your
express order, added to that of your Most Honored Mother,^
then Regent of France, have carried me there, with a few
1 Louis XIII. 2 Mary de Medici was regent from
May 14, 1610, to October 2, 1614.
708 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
companions, more effectively than the winds and the tides.
Your Royal liberality has maintained me there for several
years, and your powerful authority has rescued me from the
hands of certain English pirates, who being enemies of our
Faith (some seeds of which we cast upon these new Lands in
the hope of reaping an abundant harvest, the sole motive of
our going and of your command, Sire) caused us to leave
the place to our great regret, who have kept us prisoners
for several months in their vessel, and a hundred times pre-
pared the rope and the gallows to deprive us of life, the
respect for Your Majesty alone keeping them from carrying
out their wicked designs, especially against my person, whom
perhaps divine providence wished to preserve by your inter-
position, to be commanded to sail once more for these same
regions and to continue the civilisation of this savao^e race.
" Having thus escaped from this danger, and still wet
from having been shipwrecked in this port of your France,
I present on my knees these few sheets as a token of most
humble gratitude, for, if I live, if I write, this is (next to
God) due to your aid and favor. And having this signal
obligation ever before my eyes, I shall unceasingly pray
God, with all my brethren of the robe, that your Majesty,
increasing in years and in piety, may one day see the Banner
of the Cross, with your own Royal Lilies, wave over the most
distant lands of the heathen, whilst the great King of Kings
prepares for you in heaven a crown of everlasting honor and
glory, which I desire for you, after having born your earthly
crown long and happily, with the same heart and affection,
with which I am,
" Your Majesty's very humble and very obedient subject
and servant
"Pierre Biard."
BIARD'S RELATION. 709
CCCXV. BIARD'S RELATION.
Chapter XXV. — Our Capture by the English.
" Vh'giiiia is that Continent which the Ancients called
Morosa, between Florida and New France under the 36. 37
and 38 degrees N. L. This land had been first discovered
and taken possession of by Jean Verazan, in the name of
Francis I., as has been stated before; but the Eng-Hsh hav-
ing afterwards explored it in 1593 and 1594,^ have finally
come to inhabit it. Their principal settlement, which they
call Jemton, is in a direct line about 250 leagues distant
from St. Sauveur, where we were staying. See now, if there
was any reason for quarelling w4th us.
*• Now these Virginians are in the habit of coming every
year to the Pencoit islands, which lie 25 leagues from St.
Sauveur, to provide themselves with food (fish) for their
winters. Travelling thither ^ in the summer of the year of
which we are speaking, 1613, according to their habit, it
happened that while at sea they were overtaken by fogs
and mists, which, as has been stated, often spread in sum-
mer over these lands and seas. As they continued for sev-
eral days, the current drove them insensibly much farther
N. E. than they thought, for they were perhaps 20 leagues
farther into New France than they thought in the neigh-
borhood of our harbor, but did not recognise the place.
Unfortunately some savages passed by there and went to
meet them, thinking that they Avere Frenchmen in search of
ourselves. The English understood nothing of their lan-
^ These dates are not correct. well-armed man-of-war to do exactly
2 The English were in this habit of what he did do, — rescue the grant
fishing on that coast, and in this way of the North Virginia Colony from
they knew something of the move- the encroachment of the French. If
ments of the French in those parts, this movement of the French had not
There was necessity for secrecy and been stopped in the beginning, it is
subterfuge in a matter of this kind ; interesting to think what might have
but if we take a full view of the been the history of this country. Even
whole case it seems evident that Ar- the least little act of the English in
gall went properly commissioned and America at this time was very instru-
properly equipped in every way in a mental in shaping its future destiny.
710 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
guage, but from tlieir gestures they gathered easily, that
they were given to understand by signs, that there was a
ship in the neighborhood, and that this ship was French,
for they heard the word Normandia, by which they call us ;
and they recognized the ceremonies, which the Savages per-
formed in order to please them, as ceremonies of French
politeness and courtesy. Hence the English, who were in
want of victuals and of all things, ragged, half naked and
in search of booty, inquired carefully how large our ship
was, how many boats we had how many men, and meeting
with ample and very satisfactory information, they uttered
joyous cries, showing that that was what they were looking
for, and that they should be conducted to us as they wished
for nothing better ; and thus they did altho' it was not in
the way in which the Savages understood it, for the latter
took them to be certain good friends of ours, who were
anxious about us and who from friendship desired to see us
above all things ; thus one of them remained in their ship
with them to conduct them to us ; and this he did the wind
having become favorable. The English, as soon as they
discovered us, began to prepare for battle, and now the
poor fellow of a Savage found out that he had been de-
ceived ; upon which he began to weep at his blunder and
to curse those who had thus deceived him. Often since
has he wept and asked to be pardoned for his adventure by
us and by the other Savages, because the other Savages
intended to avenge themselves on him for our misfortune
thinking that he had been the malicious cause of it.
" Now we, when we saw this vessel coming from afar off
with full sails, did not know what to think of them,
whether they were friends or enemies, French or foreigners,
and for this reason the pilot went off in advance in a boat
to reconnoitre, while the others took up arms. La Saus-
saye remained on shore, with the greater part of the men.
Lieutenant La Motte, Ensign Ronfere and Sergeant Jou-
bert, and all the more thoughtful went on board the ship.
For it was there that the good men among us were to be
employed.
THE PRINCESS POCAHONTAS
BIARD'S RELATION. 711
" The English vessel came on swifter than an arrow, be-
ing favored by the wind, the Flag of England displayed, all
dressed in red [the red cross of St. George] and three trum-
pets and two drums making a great noise. Our pilot, who
had gone out to discover who they were, did not return to
his ship, because, as he said, the English had the wind on
him, and hence, in order not to fall uito their hands he
went to make the circuit around an island ; thus it came
about that on this occasion the ship was without one half
of her crew, and had only ten men to defend herself ; more-
over not one of them understood naval warfare unless it
was Captain Flory, who certainly was not lacking in cour-
age nor skill ; but he had neither time enough to prepare,
nor men, so that he could not raise anchor to free liimself,
which is, of course, the first thing to be done before begin-
ning a battle at sea. It would, besides, have been in vain
to raise anchor, because all the sails were secured, for this
being summer and as the vessel was lying in port, fearing
nothing, they had been stretched in the form of an awning
from bord to bord, so as to give shade on deck, and thus
they could not easily be loosened in so short a time. But
this mishap turned out very fortunate, for our people were
well sheltered during the fight, so that the English being-
unable to take aim at them with their fire arms fewer men
were killed and wounded.
" As it is usual when vessels approach each other, to sum-
mon them to say who they are, our people cried out sailor-
fashion 0. ! But the EngHsli did not reply in the same
manner, but far more furiously, with loud discharges of
muskets and guns. They had 14 pieces of artillery and 60
musketeers, trained to serve on board ship, who came and
charged on deck, on the bowsprit and wherever it was neces-
sary, quite as well as soldiers do on land.
" The first fire of the English was terrible ; the whole
vessel was on fire and full of smoke. From outside came a
cool reply ; the artillery was silent. Captain Flory cried in
vain : Fire ! Fire the gun ! the gunner was not there. But
712 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Gilbert du Thet, who in his whole life had never felt fear
nor shown himself a coward, when he heard the order and
saw that nobody obeyed, took the match and caused us to
speak as loud as the enemy ; the misfortune was, that he did
not take aim, and if he had done so, perhaps something
worse might have happened, than the mere noise.
" The Englishman after this first discharge moved his
ship aside and held an anchor ready to board us. Captain
Flory very opportunely withdrew his vessel, which stopped
the enemy and made him turn aside, for he was afraid that
if he persued, he might be drawn upon shoals ; then seeing
our ship in motion and being thus reassured, he began the
attack once more with musketry fire as before. It was dur-
ing this second discharge that Father du Thet received a
shot that passed thro' his body, and fell backwards on the
deck ; Captain Flory also was wounded in the foot and three
other places, whereupon they made signs and cried out that
they surrendered. Surely the parties were ill matched. At
this cry the English jumped into their boat to reach the ship;
our people, mislead by bad advice, also jumped into their
boat to reach land, for they were afraid of the coming of
the victors. These, however, were on board our ship before
they had gotten away ; so they took to crying out to them,
to return, and to enforce the order, they opened fire upon
them ; two of our people were so frightened by this, that
they threw themselves into the water, as I think, in order to
swim to shore ; but they were drowned, either because they
were already wounded, or, what is more likely, because they
were hit and killed in the water. These were two very
promising young companions, one from Dieppe, called Le
Moine, the other called Neven, from the town of Beauvais.
Their bodies were not recovered till nine days later ; means
were found to draw them on land and to bury them
decently.
" Such was the capture of our vessel."
BIARD'S RELATION. 713
" Chapter XXVI. — The plundering of our ship and
our people, the anguish we endured.
"The victorious English came on shore, where we had
our tents and our houses, just begun, and sent out in all
directions in search of our Captain, saying that they wanted
to see our commissions ; that this land belonged to them,
wherefor they had fallen upon us, when they found us
here ; but that if we should be able to show that we had
acted in good faith, and that we had come there under
authority from our sovereign, they would respect that, as
they wished in no way to imperil the good understanding
between our two kinsfs. The misfortune was that La Saus-
saye could not be found, whereupon the shrewd and cun-
ning Englishman seized our trunks, broke them open indus-
triously, and having found in them our commissions and
Royal Patents, seized them ; then putting everything else
back in its place, just as they had found it, they nicely
locked the boxes again. When Captain La Saussaye
appeared on the day following, the English Captain, who
had learnt his lesson well, received him kindly and asked
him the first questions with great urbanity, but then com-
ing to the point, he demanded to see his commissions, so
that there might be no doubt whatever, when they should
really have before them the words and the authority of our
Master, the King. La Saussaye replied that the papers
were in his boxes. They brought these boxes in and
before he opened them with his keys, they warned him to
look well if anybody had touched them ; for, they them-
selves went very simply to work. La Saussaye acknowl-
edged that everything was in perfect order, but he could
not find his letters ! Now the English Captain changed his
looks and his voice and, becoming very stiff, he said : How
is this ? You are an impostor ! You give us to understand
that you are commissioned by your king and yet you can-
not produce any evidence. You are, all of you, outlaws
and pirates. You deserve death ! And thereupon he
divided out the booty among his soldiers, consuming the
714 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, IGOO^ULY, 1614.
whole afternoon in this business. . . . [Describes the
plundering of the English.]
" I have told you that Father Du Thet was pierced by a
musket ball during the fight ; when the English boarded our
ship, they put him, as well as the other wounded, in the
hands of their surgeon. This surgeon was a Catholic and
known as such ; he was a very kind hearted person and
rendered us a thousand kind services. . . . [Personal mat-
ters,^ — the brave death of Father Gilbert du Thet ; — the
Jesuits, their services, etc.]
" Now he [Captain Argall] had a thorn in his side which
gave him great trouble : this was that the pilot and the
sailors had run away, and he could hear nothing of them.
This pilot, called le Bailleur, from the town of Rouen, having
gone off to reconnoitre as was stated above. ... I fancied
that this was the reason why the English Captain deter-
mined not to treat us worse, altlio' he was strongly inclined
to do so, as I afterwards concluded from our experience.
He was, to be sure, a very clever and cunning captain, but
still a gentleman, with truly noble courage ; his men also
were neither inhuman nor cruel in their treatment of any
of us." . . .
" Chapter XXVII. — The means discovered to return
to France and how thirty of our peoj)le reached there after
many difficulties.
" The English Captain, called Samuel Argal and his lieu-
tenant, called William Turnel, began to treat with our Cap-
tain La Saussaye about our return, as they had promised.
The English offered very unfair conditions, but to cut the
matter short, the conclusion was that they left us the one
sloop which remained of the two we had before, and told
us to go wherever God might lead us. The English Cap-
tain, a very cautious man, wanted a written acknowlgedment,
^ I havo omitted several passages of things, however, are spoken of in
a personal character, and others of no CCCXII. and CCCXIII.
special interest to us. Some of these
BIARD'S RELATION. 715
signed by Captain La Saussaye, in which he admitted that
this decision had been come to by his own choice. . . .
[Father Biard then explains that 30 persons could not sail
in so small a vessel.] The English replied that this was
not the impression of Captain La Saussaye, but that if we
wished to lighten the sloop he would find means to do so,
by taking back to Virginia those artisans who were willing,
provicted that they were not compelled to change their reli-
gion and that they were to be sent back to France after a
years service. Three accepted this offer.
" The Sieur de la Motte had in like manner consented from
the beginning to accompany the English Captain to Vir-
ginia, who had fancied him much, because he found him
sword in hand, and discovered in him several other good
qualities — which was very profitable to our men. He was,
moreover, allowed to take with him several other persons
who were to enjoy the same favor as he did. Captain
Flory finally decided to try his fortune in the same way, as
hopes were held out to him that thus he might recover his
vessel. Father Biard requested that four of them, viz ;
two Jesuits and two others, might be taken to Pencoit Island
and that there they might be recommended to the English,
fishermen who are usually there, so that in this way they
might be enabled to return to France — a request which the-
English Captain most readily granted. In this way the
sloop was entirely relieved and our own men were divided
into three equal parties : fifteen remained with the pilot j fif-
teen stayed with the English, and fifteen went on board the
sloop left to them. Of these fifteen Father Ennemond Masse
was one. . . . [Biard then tells of the adventures, the com-
ing together, etc., of the fifteen under La Saussaye and the
pilot's party, and of their return to France, where they
arrived probably late in September, 1613.]
" Chapter XXVIII. — The voyage to Virginia and the
return to New France.
" God be blessed. Here were now two thirds of our com-
716 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-nJULY, 1614.
pany safely back in France, among- their Friends and tlieir
Kindred, who hsten to them as they tell their great adven-
tures. Hence you would naturally wish to know what had
become of the remaining third who had been left behind in
the hands of the EngHsh. Certainly a much longer and
more varied fate awaits them and they will not escape with-
out serious losses.
" The English had now three vessels ; viz, their own with
which they had captured us, of a hundred and thhty tons,
ours, which they had taken, of a hundred tons, and a bark
of twelve tons, which they had likewise obtained from us
and would not let us have again to enable us to return.
They filled these three vessels with their own people, and
distributed us among them. The Sieur de la Motte, Cap-
tain Flory, and one half of the whole remainder, amounting
in all to eight persons, remained on board the Capitanesse,
and the others, numbering seven, remained on board the
captured vessel of which Lieutenant Turnel was made com-
mander.
" Now, as a beginning of our misfortunes, they did not
take the Jesuits to the Pencoit Islands, as had been prom-
ised, but carried them straight to Virginia, with the rest of
the troop, comforting them with pleasant hopes, in as much
as, said they, the Marshall of Virginia [Dale] who had full
power and authority of jurisdiction, was a great friend of
the French, having won all of his principal distinctions
by the recommendation of the late Henry the Great, and
having been his soldier and his pensioner. This they fre-
quently preached to us. But our preachers did not take
their text from the Gospels. For this fine Marshall, who
as they said, was such a friend and patron of the French,
when he heard an account of us, spoke of nothing but of
ropes and gallows and of hanging every one of us. We
were frightened terribly and some lost their peace expect-
ing nothing less but that they would have to mount a lad-
der ignominiously and dangle miserably by a rope. But
Captain Argal showed himself generous in our defence ; for
BIARD'S RELATION. 717
he resisted the aforesaid Marshall, insisting upon the pledge
he had given, and when he found himself too weak to op-
pose, he made known publicly our commissions and Royal
Patents, which I mentioned to you before, and which he
had surreptitiously obtained from La Saussaye's boxes.
And this was the way we found out that he had employed
such a ruse, for otherwise we should never have heard any-
thinof about it. The Marshall, seeinq; these Patents of His
Most Christian Majesty, and the determination of the Cap-
tain, did not dare go any farther ; and thus after some days
spent in great apprehension, they informed us that their
promises should be kept.
" Now, how they would keep them, and what means they
would find to send us back to France that was the great
question. The General [Gates], the Marshall [Dale] and
all the chief officers of Virg-inia assembled in Council. The
result thereof and the conclusion to which they came, was
to do worse than ever, since they thought they had it in
their power ; for it was resolved that Captain Argal, should,
with his three ships, go back to New France, pillage and
raze to the oround all the fortifications and settlements of
the French which he might find on the whole way up to
Cape Breton, that is to say, as far as the 46^ degree N. L.,*
as they lay claim to the whole territory ; that he should
hang La Saussaye and all of his men whom he might find to
have remained within these limits ; that he should likemse
plunder all the vessels he might meet with, allowing, how-
ever, such persons as should make no resistance, to return
to France ; and that we, old prisoners, should be treated in
the same way as these people, whose lives were thus to be
spared. Such were their conclusions. But God was on
High ; and as you will hear, He decreed it other^ase, with
regard to several points. According to this decision, Argal
resumed once more the voyage to New France ; but this
time stronger than before, in as much as he had three ships,
1 Cape Breton is in about 40° N. L. Biard stretches his points as a person
They only laid claim as far as 4o° N. L. making a special plea is prone to do.
718 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
and greater expectations, because the booty he had obtamed
from us increased his cujDidity and his hopes. But he took
only one half of our people with him, I do not know why.
On board his ship Avere Captain Flory and four others ; on
board Lieutenant Turnels, which was our boat captured by
them, were the two Jesuits and a boy.
" The first stopping-place was St. Sauveur, for they ex-
pected here to encounter La Saussaye, and a recently ar-
rived shi]3. They were mistaken, in as much as La Saus-
saye was in France, as has been said ; they burnt our works
and cut down our Cross, but erected another as a siofn that
they had taken possession of the land, as rightful owners.
" This cross had the name of the Kino- of Great Britain
carved on it. They also hanged here one of their men,
charged with conspiracy, at the very place, at which eight
days before they had cut down our first Cross. From St.
Sauveur they sailed for St. Croix, a former settlement of the
Sieur de Monts. . . . [Argall asked Biard to guide them,
and he refused.] Nevertheless Argal searched high and
low, and examined all of their places so carefully, that by
comparing them with the maps which he had taken from
us, he at last discovered the place himself ; he carried away
from there a good supply of salt, which he found there,
burnt the dwelling, and destroyed every token of French
names and French claims, as he had been commanded
to do.
" Chapter XXIX. — The taking and burning of Port
Royal.^ Two great dangers threatening Father Biard.
" Captain Argal had destroyed St. Croix, but did not know
how to reach and sail for Port Royal, according to the orders
he had received, and this all the more as he feared he might
be lost on such a dangerous coast without a pilot. . . .
[Knowing it to be useless to ask Biard or any Frenchman, he
looks for and finds an Indian Sagamo, and under his guid-
ance he reached Port Royal. See CCCXVI.] When the
^ Now called Annapolis.
BIARD'S RELATION. 719
English landed they found not a soul in the fort, and shoes
and clothinof scattered all about.
" Thus they rejoiced doubly at this capture first because
they met, contrary to all expectation, with no resistance at
all, and secondly because they secured a good deal of booty,
which they had not expected. . . . [Personal matters relative
to Father Biard. He mentions that it was the end of Octo-
ber ^ when Argall was searching for Port Royal ; an Eng-
lish Piu'itan, the master of the large shij), more malicious
than the others all together agamst the Jesuits ; Frenchmen
at Port Royal unfriendly to Biard, etc.]
" Now the aforesaid Captain having carried off from Port
Royal whatever seemed to huu convenient down to the
planks, latches, locks, and nails, set fire to it, a very pitiable
thing, for thus, in an hour or two were reduced to ashes the
work and expenditure of many years and of meritorious per-
sons. Oh that it would please the Lord to let that same fire
destroy in Hke manner all the sins that may have been com-
mitted at this place,^ so that they might never arise again
in any other place, nor ever provoke the just and fearful
veng-eance of our Lord !
" The English, as I have stated elsewhere, destroyed every-
where the monuments and all other evidences of French
supremacy ; nor did they forget to do so here, going so far
as to use pick and chisel in a large, massive stone, on which
were enoTaved the names of the Sieur de Monts with other
Captains, and the liHes of France.
" This being done, they raised anchor to leave the place,
but they were kept by bad weather for three or four days,
at the mouth of the harbour.
" Whilst they were lying here at anchor, a Frenchman
belonging to this port . . . [shows his unfriendliness to
Biard by telling the English that he was a ' genuine Span-
iard ; ' and other personal matters].
^ Biard's dates are, of course, New Port Royal had not always been pleas-
Style, ant. SeeCCCXVI.
^ His relations with the officers at
720 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
" Chapter XXX. — Dei3arture from Port Royal ; divers
adventures of the ships, and how we were compelled to stop
at the Azores.
" On the ninth of November of this year 1613, the Eng-
lish left Port Royal intending to return to their Virginia
and there to enjoy their booty during the coming winter. . . .
" On the second day after our departure on the eve of St.
Martin, so terrible a storm arose, that it scattered our three
vessels in such a way, that they never encountered each
other afterwards, but sailed, every one in a different direc-
tion.
" The bark has never been seen since, and no report has
ever reached us from her, so that nobody doubts but she
has gone down, with the six Englishmen, who were on board.
" The new Captainesse, which Argal commanded in spite
of the tempest, safely reached Virginia in three weeks or
thereabouts. The Marshall, of whom we have spoken before,
heard with delight from Captain Argal all that had hap-
pened. . . .
" The two Jesuits and a French boy were in the captured
vessel, which had been handed over to Captain Turnel. . . .
[Biard describes the storm ; the ship driven by it for six-
teen days; then provisions get low; they finally determine to
give up trying to reach Virginia, and to sail directly to the
Azores ; kill the horses taken at Port Royal ; horseflesh
quite pleasing to the taste of the Jesuits ; Cajjtain Turnel
* spoke good French and several other common languages,
besides Greek and Latin which he understood well, being a
man of fine intellect, who had studied well ; ' the many good
qualities of Father Biard, etc.]
" Chapter XXXI. — How the vessel was visited at the
Azores and the good faith of the Jesuits towards the Eng-
lish.
[This chapter is devoted to showing the faithfulness of
the Jesuits, while the English were at the Azores. It gives
the same story, but much more particularly than in CCCXII.
and CCCXIIL]
JOHN POULETT
Fir^t Pnron Pmi/rlf
BIARD'S RELATION. 721
" Chapter XXXII. — Arrival in England and Libera-
tion of the Jesuits.
" The EngHsh were kept busy three whole weeks at this
island, which we call Fayal, during which time the poor
Jesuits never saw the sun. Now because the aforesaid Eng-
Hsh were without money, they could not there reprovision
themselves, and this determined them not to try the return
to Virginia ; but to sail back to England, and this all the
more as they now found themselves in this year 1G14, which
was the term of their service.
*^ Now when we were thus trying to make for England,
the tempest cast us out of La Manche (as it is called), that is
out of the channel which is between England and France and
compelled us to seek shelter in the harbour of Milfier [Mil-
ford], in the Province of Wales. There once more our pro-
visions gave out, which compelled our Captain to go to Pem-
broke, the principal city of this district and Vice- Admiralty ;
but at Pembroke he was arrested falling under the suspicion
of piracy. This suspicion arose from the fact that he and
his men were Englishmen, and yet their vessel was built
after French models, which made them think he had come
from the port of Gryp, on the Larcin Islands beyond Cape
Escumant. The Captain explained as well as he could by
simply telling the truth, but they would not believe him,
especially because he had no commission, nor could he have
any since, being only a lieutenant, he followed his captain
and had only by accident been separated from him, by the
storm of which you have heard.
" On this account he was finally compelled to produce in
evidence of his uprightness the two Jesuits which he had
on board his ship, men without reproach, as he said, and as
they were.
" Immediately by order of the Magistrate the aforesaid
Jesuits were summoned on shore and examined in court with
great respect. They stated the actual facts, and upon the
strength of their deposition the Captain was acknowledged
to be a gentleman and a man of honour, provided only that
722 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
our difficulties concernino' New France were to be submitted
to the ldng\ Nevertheless we had to remain a very long
time at this place Pembroke, awaiting answers from Lon-
don ; for it had become necessary to send there partly in
order to obtain money, and partly to report the matter to
the High Admiral and the Company of Merchants, who were
in charge of Virginia.
" And here it is that my admiration is stopped with my
breath and with my steps, to exclaim with the Wise Man :
That the dispensations of Divine Providence are truly made
by compass, counted by Nvmiber, measured by weig-ht and
Balance down to the half of a grain. For this call of the
Jesuits was, no doubt, a contrivance of this paternal Provi-
dence, which everywhere assisted them ; and this all the more
so as, if they had remained on board ship, being in entire des-
titution in the midst of winter (for this was in February), and
for four weeks uninterruptedly, it is probable they would
have perished with cold and starvation ; but now, by means
of this summons, they became known to the Judge, who
being a very great and honorable personage, having under-
stood how badly they were off on board the ship, gave them
lodgings at the Mayor's house, and paid for them, saying
that they might pay him back, when they had the means to
do so, for otherwise, he said, it would be a great disgrace to
us, if such honest and learned men should not meet com-
mon courtesy among us. This good ' Seigneur ' is called
Nicholas Adams, vice-Admiral of said Pembroke.
" Now during this detention, all kinds of people came to
call upon them and some from a distance, curious as they
were to see Jesuits in their costume, such as they wore then
and always have worn till their return to France.
"Ministers, magistrates, gentlemen and others came to
confer with them. Even a Lord of the Privy Council
wanted to have the pleasure of seeing them meet four min-
isters in public disputation : I call them ministers so as to
be understood by the French, for in England they call them
Priests. At the head of the meeting was an Archdeacon,
BIARD'S RELATION. 723
because the English still retain much of the CathoHc Church,
as the order of the hierarchy of the Church, Archbishops
Bishops, Priests, Archpriests, Archdeacons, Curates, Canons,
&c., the Laying on of hands by Bishoj^s in the consecration
of priests, and the minor orders, as well as in the confirma-
tion of children, the Holy Oil and ceremonies, the sign of
the cross, its image and other images, the singing of psalms
and the Litany, the prescribed holidays of male and female
saints, Vigils, Fasts, Lent, the abstinence from meat on Fri-
days and Saturdays, the sacerdotal costumes and consecrated
vessels. And those who condemn all these things, as the
Calvinists of Scotland and France do, and call them dam-
nable superstitions and inventions of the Antichrist, are by
the Eno'lish called Puritans and detested like an abominable
o
plague.
" When at last a reply came from London it was found
that the French Ambassador had been informed of the
arrival of the vessel, and was now negotiating the surrender,
especially of the Jesuits, as he had been commanded to do by
His Most Christian Majesty.
" This was another result of Divine Providence, that by
means of our arrest and detention in the province of Wales,
it should become known to everybody, for we had very clear
indications, of which you will presently see some, that if the
merchants in whose hands is the administration of Virginia,
had had their way, not one foreigner who had ever been
found within the said Virginia, would ever have been
allowed to return to his own country.
" To make a quick end to our relation, note that the
Jesuits were carried by a long round-about way to the har-
bour of Sandwich, and from thence, by order of the King,
back again to Dover, and from Dover to Calais, where they
thanked God for so many signal mercies of His, and for
His special providence, having good ground for this, since
they had been kept nine months and a half ^ in the hands
of the Enoflish.
^ The Jesuits were taken at St. Saviour about the middle of July, 1G13;
724 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
" The Sieur d' Arquien, governor of this aforesaid Calais,
and Monsieur la Boulaye, mayor, gave them a most hearty
welcome and furnished them with the means required to
enable them to return to their college at Amiens.
" Chapter XXXIII. — Retmn of the Sieur de la Motte
[April, 1614], of Captain Flory [July, 1614] and of some
others, and the surrender of the vessel.
" Soon after this liberation of the Jesuits, God also res-
cued in His Mercy almost the whole remaining number of
shipwrecked men in this way : —
" The boy that was with the Jesuits, caUed Guillaume
Crito, was taken to London, and from thence sent back to
his father at Honfleur.
" At the same time the Sieur de la Motte came also back
to England on board a vessel from the Bermudas, which
had stopped in Virginia.
" Captain Argal contended most generously with Marshall
Thomas Deel (of whose great bitterness of temper you have
heard us speak) so as to secure permission for the aforesaid
Sieur de la Motte to return Hkewise and obtained it at last.
" Now the said Sieur de la Motte was very much aston-
ished to find that suddenly from the time of his arrival
in England, no one spoke to him any longer, no one came
to see him, he was forsaken by everybody, and the worst
was that he was taken sick on board the vessel. He at
once suspected the danger which threatened him, and from
whence it came, namely, from the Virginia Merchants, wlio
in Virginia in August and Septem- James, to Dover and to Calais, where
ber; again on New England coast in they probably arrived about the first
October; sailed from Port Royal Oc- week in May (0. S.), 1614.
tober 30 ; at Fayal three weeks until As I have said, it seems that Lieu-
January, 1614; at Milford Haven in tenant William Turner and the Jesuits,
February ; four weeks at Pembroke, Sir Thomas Gates and the Sieur de la
awaiting answers from London until Motte from Virginia, and Captain La
March (?). They were taken around to Saussaye from France, all reached the
Sandwich about April ; and being re- neighborhood of london about April
leased were sent thence (late in April 1614, probably, just before the debate
or early in May), by order of King in Parliament of April 20, 1014.
BIENCOURT'S COMPLAINT. 725
would have liked to get rid of liim, and did not know how.
He tried, therefore, very cunningly, and in the end success-
fully, to make his condition known to Monsieur de Bisseaux,
the very worthy ambassador of his most Christian Majesty,
who immediately sent two gentlemen to him, so that he was
set free and well treated, as he fully deserved by his courage
and liis valor.
"At this same time [April, 1614] also Madame de
Guerche\'ille sent La Saussaye to London, there to solicit
the liberation of the vessel, and compensation for such in-
iquitous robbery. The vessel has been restored, but noth-
ing else has up to the present moment been received.
" And now at the very moment when our ship, being once
more set free, was winging its way towards France, its
native land, here comes Captain Flory, [in July, 1614:] its
Master, as if by special appointment, to take charge of it
and to assume command. Captain Argal, had once more
freed it from the hands of the Marshall, coming back to
England with him (Flory) and two other Frenchmen. Cer-
tainly this said Argal has shown himself such that we de-
sii'e hmi to have an opportunity of serving a better cause,
and one in which his true nobility of heart may show itself,
not in the ruin but in the support of honorable men.
" Out of our whole number three died in Virginia, and
four are there still, everything being done that can be done
towards their liberation also. May God in His mercy give
them patience and let them derive from our affliction all
the good that His providence and loving kindness may in-
tend. Amen ! "
CCCXVI. BIENCOURT'S COMPLAINT.
July 8, (0. S.) 1614. An extract from the " History of
New France" by Marc Lescarbot. Paris, 1618, 8vo, pp.
686-690.
..." Now, if in justice, the first plaintiff and informer
is accepted to the prejudice of him, who comes recrim-
726 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1609-JULY, 1614.
Defence of inatiiig, the Sieur de Poutrincourt will beyond
the Jesuits, doubt have the question decided in his favor.
For the apology of Father Biart dates only from the year
sixteen hundred and sixteen/ and the complaint of the
aforesaid ^ Sieur ' j^resented to the Judge of the Admiralty
of ' Guyenne au siege de la Rochelle/ is dated the eight-
eenth of July sixteen hundred and fourteen, of which these
are the contents : —
" ^ Messire Jean de Biencourt, Knight Lord of Poutrin-
court, Baron of Samt Just, lord of Port-Royal and the ad-
jacent lands in New-France, reports to you that on the last
day of the month of December last he left this city and
sent out of this port and harbour a vessel of sixty-two tons,
or there abouts, called ' La prime de la tremblade/ to sail and
to go straightways in the direction of Port Royal, where it
arrived on the seventeenth of last March, and being there,
he fomid out by the report of Charles de Biencourt, his
eldest son, vice-Admiral and Lieutenant-General in the lands.
Countries and Seas of all New France, that the commander
of some Englishmen being in Virginia, distant one hundred
and twenty leagues, or thereabouts, from aforesaid harbour,
sent by persuasion of Pierre Biart, a Jesuit, to said port one
large vessel, of two to three hundred tons, another of one
hundred tons or thereabouts, and one large bark, with a
number of men, Avho on the day of the feast of AUsaints
last, landed there, and guided by the said Biart, went to
where the said Sieur de Poutrincourt made his habitation,
^ CCCXVI., I believe, is only to Port Royal in October, 1G13, as given
be found in the 1618 edition of Les- in CCCXVI., is very different from
carbot. CCCXIII., CCCXV., and his own account given in CCCXIII.
CCCXVI. strongly illustrate the un- and CCCXV.
certainty of data where there is any Of course there are other illustra-
controversy, and the necessity of hav- tive materials for Argall's voyages in
ing all the evidence before us when Champlain's and other works ; but I
we attempt to pass a just verdict; and am only attempting to give data writ-
even then, when the controversy is de- ten before 1617 ; and only such as has
cidedly partisan, we can scarcely ever a special bearing on the English in
decide with any certainty. The ac- America,
count of Father Biard's conduct at
BIENCOURT'S COMPLAINT. 727
and for the convenience of the latter, and of the French
dwellers there, had built a small, square fort, which had
been left without protection, the said Sieur de Biencourt
having gone along the coast to visit his people, with the
greater part of his men, in order to keep them in amity
and good will ; besides that at this place there was no rea-
son to fear anything, since there was no war against any
one, and hence there was no probability that at that very
time any foreign vessels should come to this said port and
settlement : and as for all his other men, they were two
leagues from there, cultivating the ground. And upon this
encounter the said English plundered all that there was in
this said settlement, took all the ammunition that was there,
and all the provisions, merchandise and other articles, de-
molished and took to pieces the timber for building and for
carpenter's work which they thought might be useful to
tliem and carried them to their ships. This being done,
they moreover set fire to the place. And not content with
this (impelled and led by the said Biart) they destroyed,
with a sledge-hammer, the King's Coat of Arms, engraved
on a rock, together with the arms of the said Sieur de
Poutrincourt, and those of the Sieur de Monts. Then, they
went to a distant wood, a league off, from said settlement
and took a number of SAvine, which had been driven there,
to pasture and to eat the mast, and beyond that, to a
meadow, where they kept the horses, mares and foals and
took all. Then under the guidance of said Biard they, went
to the place wdiere the farm work was going on, to seize
those who were there, whose sloop they took and not being
able to take them (because they retired under a hill side)
The said Biart left the English and went to this same hill,
to induce those who were there to abandon the said de
Biancourt, and to go with him and the aforesaid English,
to that before mentioned place of Virginia. To which they
not being willing to agree, he withdrew with the said Eng-
lish, and embarked in one of the aforesaid vessels. But
before they sailed, the said de Biencourt arrived there ; who,
728 PERIOD III. NOVEMBER, 1G09-JULY, 1614.
seeing what had happened, took himself to a wood, and sent
for the Captain of said EngUsh, pretending that he wished
to treat with him, so as to be able to surround him, and to
try by these means to gain some advantage for the evil he
had done. But he conceived some mistrust and was not
willing to come on shore. When the said Sieur de Bien-
court saw this, he showed himself, and then when the said
Captain said that he wished to speak to him, he replied to
him, that, if he would come on shore, he would not repent
of it. Thereupon, after they had mutually pledged their
word and promised not to act nor to speak treacherously,
the said Captain came on shore, with one companion, and
remained for nearly two hours with the said de Biencourt,
to whom, the same Captain explained the artifices which the
said Biart employed in order to induce the Commander of
said Englishmen to go to that afore mentioned place.
Where said de Biencourt remained with his men from the
day and feast of All Saints to the twenty-seventh of March ^
(when the said Sieur de Poutrincourt, his father, went there)
without any provisions, compelled to eat roots, herbs and the
buds of trees. And when the ground was frozen and they
could find neither herbs, nor roots, nor go through the for-
ests, they were forced to go among the rocks in search of the
herbs growing on them, by which means some and these
among the most robust, not being able to support themselves,
had died of starvation, and the others had been very sick,
and would have likewise died, without the assistance they
received upon the arrival of said Sieur de Poutrincourt, to
whom all the above has been represented on several and vari-
ous occasions by his said son and others, who were with him,
in the presence of those of the crew of said vessel, called La
Prime, which he had taken there from this town, i,7wwcii he
arrived on the . . . day of this month [July, 1614]. And
altho.' he and his said son, having formally deposed all the
above — to whom credit is due — in consideration of their
^ Sr."Jer1, 1613, to March JI, 161^
BIENCOURT'S COMPLAINT. 729
rank, nevertheless desire to submit them to His Majesty,
and to Monseigneur the Admiral, whose lieutenant the said
de Bieneourt is in those countries, so as to testify to the
whole of it, as may be needed, in order that their truth-
fulness may be the less doubted. And for this end the
said Sieur de Poutrincourt would like to have the afore-
said crew examined and questioned on these above-men-
tioned facts and on the condition in which he found the
place, where that said settlement, called Port-Royal, was,
according to the deposition which he caused to have drawn
up about this matter. In consideration of this &c. Let it
be communicated to the King's Attorney General &c.
July 18'^ 1614.
" ^ Signed. P. Guillaudeau.' "
[Mem. — I have found no very clear account of the voy-
ages of the Harlies and Hobson to our New England coast ;
but I believe there were two, one in 1611 by Captain
Edward Harlie and Captain Nicholas Hobson, and another,
which sailed in June, 1614, under Captain Henrie Harlie
(or Hawley) and Captain Nicholas Hobson. The exact date
of the return is not known to me.]
PERIOD IV.
FROM THE RETURN OF ARGALL IN JULY, 1614, TO THE
RETURN OF DALE IN JULY, 161G.
From the beginning the existence of the colony had
really depended on the managers of the enterprise in Eng-
land ; but during this period it became evident that the
colony would finally be more than self-sustaining. Day
was breaking. Spain saw that England would never give
up her hold on America, and the destiny of this continent
was firmly vested in the hands of the Anglo-Saxon.
[Mem. — The Treasurer, Captain Argall, sailed from Vir-
ginia about the 18th of June, 1614, and arrived in England
in July following, bringing Ralph Hamor, the author of
CCCXXVII., Rolfe's letter to Dale (CCCXXVIII.), Dale
to Rev. D. M. (CCCXXIX.), Whitaker to Master G.
(CCCXXX.), Molina's letter of April ^ (CCCXXV.), Mo-
lina's letter of June it CCCXXVI.) ; the depositions of the
French in Virginia, and other documents now unknown ;
also Captain Flory and two other Frenchmen.]
CCCXVII. VIRGINIA COUNCIL TO PRIVY COUNCIL.
Soon after Argall returned, to the letter of the Privy
Council (CCXCVL), the Council of Virginia sent the fol-
lowing reply.
The reply of the Virginia Council, 1614, in defense of
Argall. [Cotton MSS. Otho E. 829.] From the " Boston
Daily Advertiser " of August 31, 1870, and the " Proceed-
ings of the Mass. Hist. Society," 1884.
..." To the substance of the first complaint : That it
SIR WALTER RALEGH
VIRGINIA COUNCIL TO PRIVY COUNCIL. 731
is true Captain Argall did take a French ship within the
hmits of our Colony, who went about to plant contrary to
the extent and privilege of his Majesty's letters patent to
us granted. That he did it by the command of the gov-
ernor of our Colony by his commission to him given under
the seal of the Colony, and by virtue of such authority as is
to him derived from his Majesty's great seal of England.
" That whereas it is said, it was 200 leagues from our
plantation, intimating thereby that it was out of our limits,
we say the coast lying next E. N. E. and W. S. W. many
more hundred leagues will not deliver them without our
borders, we havmg granted unto us from 34 to 45 degrees
of north latitude ; and from E. to W. from one sea to an-
other, with a certain clause that if any other nations should
get land to the north of 45 degrees, and by any river or
lake, or by land travel should come to the southwards, to
plant behmd our backs, that it should be lawful for our
governor to resist, displant, and take by force any that
should make such attempt.
" And we do further avow that the said ship was taken
between 43 and 44 degi*ees, which in express limitation is
within his Majesty's grant and is annexed to his royal
crown. And that this is proved by the several confessions
of divers of the French examined by Sir Thomas Dale, and
certified accordingly unto us by him. And that the said
Captam Argall, besides his several commissions for his jus-
tification to us showed, hath further produced unto [us] a
testimonial or certificate under the seal of our Colony, that
he hath in these his voyages no way exceeded the commis-
sions to him given . . . that upon the cross-examination
. . . certified the said ship and other . . . Letters Patents,
and that therefore we suppose [he should] be wholly for
the fact excusable.
" Concerning the aggravation of circumstances. AVe [re-
ply] Argall had not above 60. men in his ship. That the
[French] first shot at him ; and that all the ^-ictuals, mu-
nition, utensils for plantation, besides the ship and her
732 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
app[urtenances], which was redelivered at the request of
the French A[mbassador], was not to the value of £200.
sterUng-, as we are [able to] prove by the several inventories
delivered by the F[rencli to] the Marshall of Virginia, and
together with their [examinations] unto us certified.
" Secondly, to the imputation of inhumanity used by him
[to his] prisoners, we say it is wholly false. That neither
Monsieur Saussaye nor any other were detained as prison-
ers, but that he went and returned from ship to shore at
pleasure. That Captain Argall did propound to them three
offers, —
"1. First, to give them a small pinnace, with sufficient
victuals [to] carry them all into France.
" 2. Secondly, to give them passage from thence to the
bank, 120 leagues from Cape Brittayne, there to meet cer-
tayne French shipping.
" 3. Thirdly, to give Monsieur Saussy, their Captain, a
shallop, and as [many] of his men as he would choose, with
sufficient provision to their own wage, and to carry the resi-
due [with him] into Virginia. [And] that condition was
chosen by the Captain, and accordingly performed.
" These offers are proved by the confession of Monsieur
Saussay, his two Jesuits, the Master, and at least ten other
of the Company, which are ready to be shown, with many
attestations of great humanity and . . . courtesy showed to
them. . . .
" And tliat these our reasonable answers considered, the
King of France is neither in his Homs' [Honours ?] nor
title any way injured by the just defense of our own, and
maintenance of those limits and extent of territory given
unto us by his Majesty's Letters Patents many years before
the French had any footing to the south of Canada.
" Neither hath Madame de Guercheville any reason to
expect reparation having entered without our leave, within
our limits and dominion, by force to plant or trade, con-
trary to the good correspondence and league of these two
most royal Kings. And that if any particular be hereof
REPLY OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL. 733
doubted or replied unto, we will be ready to give testimony
and further answer thereunto."
CCCXVIII. REPLY OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
After receiving CCCXVIL, the Privy Council made the
following reply to the French complaints.
Published in the " Proceedings of the Mass. Hist. Soci-
ety/' 1884. My copy was made for me (in the original
French) at the British Museum in 1883, and translated for
me by Professor Scheie De Vere of the University of Vir-
ginia. This translation is a little different from that pub-
Hslied by the Massachusetts Historical Society.
" Reply to the complaints presented to the King by
the Sieur de Bisseaux, resident Ambassador to the King.
From the most Christian King. [See note to CCXCL]
" First as to the complaint concerning Newfoundland."
The reply to this complaint reviews the history of New-
foundland from the year 1496, when " Robert Thorne and
Hugh Eliot, merchants of the city of Bristow, sent to sea
certain ships for discovery under the conduct of Sebastian
Cabot," to the year 1614.
" The reply to the third complaint concerning the whale
fishery." See CCLXXXVIII. and CCXCVI.
" Reply to the fourth complaint concerning Virginia.
"Captain Argol admits that he has taken the French
ship in question, within the limits of our Colony on account
of this, that contrary to the privileges granted the said
Company by Letters Patent from the King, it attempted to
intrude and establish itself there by force, and that what he
has done in this matter, has been done by virtue of the
commission, which had been granted to him under the seal
of the said Company for that very purpose, which authority
is derived from the special powers granted by His Majesty
to said Colony under his Great Seal, and that nevertheless
the said vessel has been returned at the request of the
734 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
Ambassador. Notwithstanding which reply His Majesty
wishing to show the Ambassador the wish he cherishes to
give him all the contentment and satisfaction possible, has
caused orders to be issued, that the said Captain Argol
shall be produced to account for what he has done, at any
time and whenever the Ambassador shall desire it. And
that Turner, his lieutenant, shall in like manner be pro-
duced as soon as he can be apprehended." . . .
" The Reply to the sixth complaint was touching the
arrest and seizure of vessels," and " the Reply to the eighth
complaint was touching The Marchioness de Guerche-
ville : — As to Madame the Marchioness of Guercheville,
she has no reason to complain ; nor to hope for any repara-
tion ; seeing that her ship entered by force the territory of
the said Colony to settle there, and to trade without their
permission, to the prejudice of our treaties and of the good
understanding there is between our kings." . . .
Indorsed : " D[elivere]d ye Fr[ench] Amb[assador by]
Mons" Edmo[ndes].^ 1614. Answer to the French Com-
playntes."
CCCXIX. LORKIN TO PUCKERING.
Rev. Thomas Lorkin to Sir Thomas Puckering, Bart.,
July 21, 1614.
..." From the Bermudas news is freshly arrived,^ that
there have been there lately two Spanish ships, with a little
frigate sounding the way before them. Upon the first dis-
covery of them, the Governor of the island sent forth a
small vessel towards them, to learn what they were, who,
perceiving them to be Spaniards, presently returned and
advertised the Governor thereof, who presently saluting
them with a friendly shot of artillery, they rendered him
his salute, and instantly retired." — From Birch's " Court
and Times of James I." vol. i. p. 337.
1 Sir Thomas Edmonds, ambassa- ^ This news probably " 3.rrived " on
dor of the king of England, resident the vessel which brought Captain Dan-
in France, embarked for France in iel Elfrith.
the ship Answer, on the '25th July,
16U. — 3d Kept. MS. Com. p. 292b.
JAMES I. TO STATES GENERAL. 735
[Mem. — " July 29'\ Court Minutes of the East India
Company. Sale by the Candle of Calicoes, Silks, &c ; also
of two boxes of ambergris, belonging to the Virginia Com-
pany, at £3. 1* and <£3. 2* an oz."]
CCCXX. JAMES I. TO STATES GENERAL.
From London " Documents relating to the Colonial His-
tory of New York," Albany, 1853, vol. iii. p. 9.
" High and Mighty Lords, Our good Friends and Al-
lies !
" We cannot but acknowledge the favor, which through
regard for us, you have done to Sir Thomas Dale, Mar-
shall of Virginia, by permitting him to absent himself for
some time from your service, to which he should have
already returned, had not all of that Colony, where he has
right worthily comported himself, perceiving the necessity
of his remaining among them, to settle and give stability to
that enterprize, supplicated Us to interpose again with you,
and to request you to permit his absence for two or three
years more, in order that he may complete the work, so
well begun ; which, by his recal, cannot but run great risk
of miscarriage. This We have right willingly undertaken
for so good an object, and doubt not but you will consent
with like promptness, not only in this case, but in all that
depends on you for the advancement of so laudable an
undertaking ; the success of which, as in all probability it
will be productive of advantage to our Realms, will, in like
manner, not fail to communicate the Hke to your Provinces.
" Therefore We remain Your very affectionate Friend.
" James R.
" From our Court at Leicester, the 19*^ of Augt 1614."
Addressed : " To the High and Mighty Lords, The
States General of the United Netherland Provinces."
Mem. : " Date 19 August (0. S.) 1 -j^-, < „
Received 30 Septr (N. S.) j
736 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
[Mem, — Captain John Smith sailed from our New Eng-
land coast on the 18th of July and arrived in England the
latter end of August, 1614.
Lorkin to Puckering, London, September 11, 1614. . . .
" The present affords no news at all, more than that two or
three days since, wee were put into an alarm by the discov-
ery of a fleet upon our coasts, of three score sail, which at
the first were feared to be Spaniards, destined for England ;
but since prove either to be Easterlings, or, if Spaniards,
destined for Embden. The council upon this bruit de-
spatched commissioners into all parts of England, to muster
the train-soldiers, and to command them to be in a readi-
ness, which whether it shall go forward or not I cannot
affirm, that other fear being cleared." — From Birch's
" Court and Times of James I." vol. i. p. 347.]
CCCXXI. LETTER TO SIR THOMAS DALE.
September 20, 1614. " Letter to Sir Tho^ Dale, Mar-
shall of the Colony in Virginia, To send home by the next
ship Eliezer Hopkins." — Docquet, Domestic, James 1.
The whole of this letter has not been found.
CCCXXII. EXTRACT FROM PRESENT STATE OF IRE-
LAND.
Extract from " A Discourse of the present estate of Ire-
land," by George Lord Carew. Written in 1614.
..." The Spanish king can never want pretences to
blind the world for the defence of the breach of his league,
which by the Catholics will be applauded ; and if no other
shift were to be found to preserve his honour, the planta-
tions in the Bermudas and in Virginia, or his obedience to
the church (being incited to a war by the Pope) will be
enforce^ as sufficient." — From " Carew Papers," Lambeth.
GONDO^IAR TO PHILIP III. 737
• CCCXXIII. RESOLUTION OF THE STATES GENERAL.
From London " Documents relating to the Colonial His-
tory of the State of New York," Albany, 1853, vol. iii»
p. 9.
Resolution of the States General on CCCXX.
" Tuesday the last of September, 1614.
" Received and read a Letter from the King of Great
Britain, dated at Leicester the 19*^ of August Old Style, in
favor of Captain Sir Thomas Dale, Marshall of Virginia, to
the effect that their High Mightinesses would please to give
leave of Absence to the said Captain for two or three years
more, in order that he may continue his residence in Vii*-
ginia meanwhile, to bring affairs there uito thorough secur-
ity, for which he has laid good foundation, and commence-
ment. After deUberation, and on the aforesaid high
reeoumiendation by his Majesty and the aforesaid Ambas-
sador, their High Mightinesses have agreed and consented
that the said Captain may continue his residence in Vir-
ginia, on the previous footing, until it shall be otherwise
ordered by their High Mightinesses."
CCCXXIV. GONDOMAR TO PHILIP IIL
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2591, FOLIO 115.
Copy of a deciphered letter from Don Diego Sarmiento y
Acuiia to the King of Spain, dated London, October 17,
1614.
" Sire —
" The ship in which they offered me that Don Diego de
Molino should be brought in, has returned without him.
Two Enoflishmen, who were in the same vessel and whom I
had charged, without the one knowing of the other, to bring
me a very detailed account of the state in which matters
were over there — to see if it agreed with what I have been
738 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
told by others — and likewise informing me of all that had
occurred there, why Don Diego de Mohno did not come, ot
whether he had died. I had charged them moreover, that
without making themselves known to Don Diego, or to the
other sailor whom they took with them, and who is called
Antonio Perez, they should find out how they were and should
comfort and assist them, both for the pur230se of bringing
thsm over and in any other way that they might be able.
They have returned and brought me letters from Don Diego,
which one had sewed between the soles of his shoes, while
the other had them in a coil of rope, as I herewith send it to
Y. M. ; because they knew that they would be searched and
carefully examined, and if they found that they carried let-
ters from Don Diego, they would hang them, Avithout saying
a word, and besides would learn what Don Diego had written.
Don Diego is well but they keep him with great precautions,
not letting him speak to any one, altho' he is permitted to
go out and fish on the shore with four or five men who are
always with liuu on guard. Don Diego, however, had per-
suaded them to escape with him, if there should turn up any
boat or any way to do it, (by water) ; because some who
have attempted to go by land towards ' la Florida,' so 'tis
said, were killed by the Indians ; whilst on the other hand
this is said to be a report manufactured by the Enghsh, in
order to create a terror so as to prevent others from making
the like attempt ; and for those who have gone towards * la
Florida,' they lay the blame upon Don Diego de Molino.
" I have taken here special pains to find out why they
should have returned without bringing Don Diego, and I
have found out, as a great secret, that notwithstanding the
orders which were given, the Enghshman has been permitted
to die in Spain, and resenting this, they keep Don Diego de
Molino in Virginia ; that having requested (as they tell me)
Y. M. in the name of the King here, to hand over the Eng-
lishman to their Embassador, smce he had come over first
and was already in Madrid, and that the King here gave his
word to send for Don Diego, and to hand him over here, to
GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III. 739
Y. M.'s Embassador ; and that, seeing Y. M. had not been
willing to trust this king in this, and knowing likewise very
well, that the persons were very different persons, Don Diego
being a gentleman, as here everybody knows full well, bet-
ter than I myself, the Council has resolved to let the thing
have its way and interpose delays and postponements with-
out doing anything. My knowing this so perfectly has been
of importance in getting it mended ; and thus I have already
in my possession a special order of the King in which he
commands that without another word, he shall be sent in any
[a ?] vessel that may [will probably] sail from here within 8
days to Virginia,^ and return within five or six months ; the
Captain of which ship has assured me that he will bring him
without fail. I, also, endeavour to have the sailor brought.
But here they know that he is an Englishman, where he
was born and raised : besides, a Member of the Council has
told me that at the request of the Embassador of the King
here, Y. M. ordered him years ago to be imprisoned for im-
proper words which he had used against the King here. I
therefore proceed cautiously 'till we shall see Don Diego de
Molino restored to freedom, and after that it seems to me it
will be very right to ask for, that other man's Hberty as a
favor or in whatever manner may seem best.
" The condition in which Virginia affairs are just now, is
the same as that I reported to Y. M. on the first ; those who
are there, are so against their free will, which I have been
certified by one of those who come from there. Don Diego
de Molino also gives me to understand this, adding that they
would be very much delighted if Y. M. would send there
even the shadow of a fleet, to drive them out of that coun-
try ; that if some attack was made upon those of the first
fort, and then an offer were made to take them all back to
England, all the others would surrender without firing a
shot, upon the same condition ; and here this Colony is in
such bad repute that not a human being can be found to go
^ I suppose this has reference to the probably sailed for Virginia about the
John and Francis. If so, the vessel middle of October, 1615.
740 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
there in any way whatever. So much so that a person who
was present, has told me how in a Court of the Mayor —
who is the ' Correofidor ' of London — when the case of
two Moorish [black ?] thieves came up, the Mayor told them,
impressing upon them their offences, that they ought to be
hanged ; but that, taking pity upon them, he wished to par-
don them, with this condition, that they should go and serve
the King and the Queen in Virginia — and that they rejihed
at once, decidedly and with one accord, that they would much
rather die on the gallows here, and quickly, than to die slowly
so many deaths as was the case in Virginia. I am told, they
will be hanged ; also, that most of those who sail in this
ship of to-day, go with the express condition and agreement,
that they must return in it again.
" The Colony of Bermuda has a very different and cred-
itable reputation ; and thus is assisted both in men and in
money ; they speak very seriously of fortifying it, and send-
ing Colonists there, as I have very much in detail reported
to Y. M., whose CathoHc Person," etc.
For a more correct view of affairs in Virginia at this time
see Hamor's Narration (CCCXXVII.).
CCCXXV. MOLINA TO GONDOMAR.
GENERAL ABCBIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPABTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2591, FOLIO 116 {INCLOSED IN FOLIO 115).
Copy of a holographic letter from Don Diego de Molina to
Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna, dated in Virginia, April
30, 1614:. (Inclosed in a letter from said Don Diego
Sarmiento to the King of Spain, of October 17, 1614.)
" Your letter. Sir, and the favor which you did me in suc-
couring me, caused me a satisfaction, which I cannot ex-
press, since it alone was the means to relieve me of a disease
which for seventeen months had afflicted me sadly. For all
this fell upon me on account of the wrong which the Gov-
HENRY RICH
First Earl oj F toll and
MOLINA TO GONDOMAR. 741
ernor ^ did me in not taking me with him to the kingdom
where you are, f aihng thus to comply with the order he had
received, which I had so long wished for and solicited from
you, and for which I thank you most sincerely. Because, so
great a man, only to comply with this wish, without my ever
having obUged him by any service of mine, has interested
himself so warmly in doing me a favor. I trust however, I
shall still be able one of these days to serve you.
" When the Governor left here, he told me he had no
orders to take me with him, as he should go in the first ves-
sel — a decision which was not made known to me 'till he
was about to embark, so that I might not find means to send
a reply to you ; because they fancy that every word of mme
contains some crafty device ; and thus, of whatever trifle I
may speak, they call it tale bearing, and interpret it as de-
ceit concealed under falsehood. I beg our Lord He may
well rid me of them. The Chief Marshall has told me that
I shall go with him ; but I rely but little on his good inten-
tions, and therefore I have wished to write this letter, and
leave it with a friend of mine who will hand it to you, as
they mean to carry me to a new Colony which they have
established this Summer fifteen leagues from here, up the
river, and I shall not be able to write after that.
" The sailor who came with me has been taken on board
a man of war ^ that is here, where they treat him liberally
and use much persuasion to make him confess that he is an
Englishman. And if this does not succeed they have as-
sured me they think of making him drunk and then to exam-
ine him once more (fine Christian principles !). Captain
Argol, who commands the ship of which I speak, went last
year as high as the 44°, where he found a French ship,
which had come there with some French people, to establish
a new Colony. After some little fighting he overcame them
and captured fifteen persons ; the others fled with their
governor. After having burnt all their buildings he re-
1 Sir Thomas Gates, who left Vir- 2 The Treasurer,
ginia in March, 1614.
742 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
turned to this river, with his ship and a captured pinnace,
with much wheat, clothing, horses, and working tools. After
this he made a second voyage reacliing 45° and a half,
and burnt another small fort twenty leagues from the other
settlement. All this you will probably have heard already,
because the ship and the pinnace which he took with him,
on the second expedition, lost their way in a storm and it is
understood, went to your city with a few prisoners. Fathers
of the Jesuits. It may be that the Governor has taken over
others also. Thus it seems to me, these men will have a new
cause of complaint with the King of France. As those
who commit the offence think they will never be within his
reach, these poor people who suffer from no fault of their
own have nothing to rely upon. Thus they commit here
shameless actions as if the forces of Rome and Carthao^e
united were here assembled. I say this with much solici-
tude, for they have also the intention of going to ' la Florida '
and doing the same thing there ; but their plans are formed
recklessly and without sufficient thought, and thus God will
finally pay them according to their works. All this I write
as I get the opportunity to write without having what I write
pryed into. In Hke manner, to see, as they give me a new
opportunity, without noticing what I may see. I have asked
the Marshall to leave me here, because I have no desire to
see his new colonies, nor his new fortifications and small
forts, for if they keep me a prisoner without charge against
me, but merely for having seen what they themselves have
shown me, I should not wish theu mistakes and ignorances
to redound to my injury.
" Of myself in special, I have nothing to say, thinking
only of the favor which I am anxious you should do me,
since I have left all my affairs in the hands of God, I no
longer think of brothers, relatives, property, or honours, be-
cause all is fleeting and passes away like the wind. I only
wish to do the duty of a good Catholic and to be able to do
it among Catholics.
" May God enable me to see them thro' His mercy, and I
MOLINA TO GONDOMAR. 743
will serve you as I ought to do — whom may He preserve
as I desire.
" From Virginia. April 30. 1614.^
" Diego de Molino.
" for Seiior Don Sarmiento de Acuna."
CCCXXVI. MOLINA TO GONDOMAR.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 2591, FOLIOS 112, 113.
Copy of a holographic paper which reads thus : " For Don
Diego Sarmiento de Acuiia — Virginia — Don Diego de
Molina. June M*"^ 1614."
" Until now I had hoped to go in this ship of Captain
Argol ; but now they tell me, it sailed two days ago ^ and I
am not going in it because the Marshall General had many
times offered to take me. From this may be seen the want
of truthfulness in these men ; and that they only mean to
deceive us. I am amazed at what they have done and how
little they have attended to the order of the council, unless
it is, as they say, the wellknown proverb of the monkey
and the cat &c.^ I assume it must be so, that all these are
stratagems, for which reason I wish you not to trouble
yourself any farther doing me favors, for, altho' I am badly
treated and endure much suffering, I reflect that my sins
have been great and that I have deserved it all. But as
the father of a family, who, while grieving for his own sor-
rows, suffers those of his children — and considering the
intimacy in which I have lived these three years with these
poor people, held captives by their masters, I look upon
them as my brothers, whose sorrows I feel more than my
1 This letter was written April 20, Molina, and Lyrabry were there,
1614 (O. S.), about fifteen days after though probably not at the wedding,
the marriage of Rolfe and Pocahontas. "^ The sliip really sailed about the
The Jesuit fathers cannot be placed in 18th of June.
the picture, as they had left James- ^ That is, the Spaniards were being
town ; but Captain Flory and possibly made dupes of, — cat's-paws,
nine other Frenchnaen, Don Diego de
744 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
own, because living in their midst and seeing their suffer-
ings, they look me in the face and ask : what is the King
of Spain doing ? where is his mercy ? why does he not show
it to so many unfortunate ones by releasing us from our
chains or by cutting off all our heads — for would it be
more tolerable for us, for every man to take up arms to
defend and maintain our captivity? Certainly not, but to
receive with bright faces such a great benefit with all kinds
of thanks and everlasting gratitude. Now what is there,
Sir, that I can answer ? Except that in a most Catholic
manner the King, our Lord, is bound to reply to this peti-
tion with a marvellous effect of his Christian mind [?].^
There are here three settlements : this in which I have been
three years, altho' now they have ordered us to a prison in
a stockade a mile distant, with orders not to speak to me,
because the Marshall, says, I persuade and have persuaded
Edward ' Colaque ' [Coles] that he should flee Avith five
other persons to Florida, as he put him to work, and I
believe he did go for the good it did him to escape from
here, and he took the complaint of them all, written in his
memory. He is a man who knew how to retain them.
They have now spread a report that the Indians have killed
them so as to terrify the peojile. The other settlement is
20 leagues up the river, which they made 3 years ago.
They have made still another three leagues higher up this
Sfu'ing, where almost all the people are, who altogether,
and in all parts amount to two hundred fifty persons, men,
women and children. Three stockades which they have at
the mouth of the river have been dismantled and thus there
are in them only six or seven men. I take it for granted
that the King, our Master, Avould do a work worthy of his
greatness, if he were to take these people away from here,
^ The Christian mind of Philip III. probably more evident to his Christian
sustained a wonderful amount of very mind than was the truth of the special
wonderful special pleading for the pleas of his servants and agents. He
removing of the English in Virginia, was probably aware of some things
The determination of the English to not yet known to us.
hold their grants in America was
MOLINA TO GONDOMAR. 745
and I am convinced that the Lord brought me hither by
such extraordinary and unheard of events in order to
become the Moses of these unfortunate people — not, as
they say, as a spy, because in Spain httle or nothing- was
Icnown of this country when I "was made a prisoner here.
Their own rulers have made it notorious in Spain by my
imprisonment, and in France by means of the three Forts
and settlements which Captain Argol has burnt in two
years that he has been here with a man-of-war. They have
nothing to complain of, but their own bad government,
because if they wish to settle the country, they ought to do
no harm to their neighbours. I, sir, cannot Avrite much
longer, because with great labor I have written this with
a root from the fields.
" I kiss your hands. Sir, for the favor you have done me,
All came safe and was a great comfort to me.
" From Virginia. June 14. 1614.
" They have landed the sailor who is here, today, from
the vessel on which he has been two months, and they will
take him to another stockade, two miles from this.
" May God preserve you, as I desire.
" Don Diego de Molina.
" To Seiior Don Diegro Sarmiento de Acuiia."
[Mem. — ^ On October 1 [0. S.], 1614, the States Gen-
eral granted a charter to certain Hollanders for the exclu-
sive trade (until January 1, 1618) to that part of America
between Virginia and New France, and now called New
Netherland, between 40° and 45° north Latitude.' See
" Holland Documents relating to the Colonial History of
New York," Albany, 1856, vol. i. pp. 10-12, 53, 149.
The Dutch claimed that they had been frequenting the
region of the South (Delaware) and North (Hudson) rivers
since the year 1598.
The map of the sea-coasts of America between New
France and Virginia (40° to 45° north latitude), now named
New Netherland, which was annexed to the grant of Octo-
746 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
ber n, 1614, is incorrectly placed in the volume between
pp. 12 and 13, and given a wrong date.
The grants of March and October, 1614, of the Dutch to
New Netherland, seem to have caused the English to enter
again in a more determined manner upon advancing and
securing their interest in New England, and we find an
increasing number of EngUsh vessels going each year to
those parts.
CCCXXVII. HAMOR'S NAREATION.
October 20, 1614, there was entered at Stationers' Hall
for publication, " A booke called an Narracon of the pres-
ente State of Virginia by Ralph Hammer." It was published
soon after with the foUowinof title : " A True Discourse of
The Present Estate of Virginia, and the successe of the
affaires there till the 18. of June 1614. Together with a
Relation of the Severall EngHsh Townes and Fortes, the
assured hopes of that countrie and the peace concluded with
the Indians. The christening of Powhatan's daughter and
her marriage with an English-man.
" Written by Raphe Hamor the yonger, late Secretarie in
that Colony.
" Alget, qui non ardet.
" Printed at London by John Beale for WilHam Welby
dwelling at the signe of the Swanne in Pauls church-yard |
1615." [/. e., after September 29, 1614.]
It is dedicated to Sir Thomas Smith. It was reprinted
at Albany, New York, in 1860.
Originals are preserved in the libraries of Mr. Charles
Deane, Mr. Kalbfleisch, the Lenox, and the John Carter-
Brown. An original in the Drake sale, March, 1883,
fetched $345. Quaritch prices a copy at $500.
John Rolfe, in CCCLVIIL, mentions this tract as having
been " faithfully written by a gent, of good merit, Mr.
Ralph Hamor," thus indorsing the account of his marriage,
and his letter (CCCXXVIIL).
WHITAKER TO MASTER G. 747
To this publication of Hamor's there was aiso added the
following- three letters : —
CCCXXVIII. ROLFE TO DALE.
" The Coppie of the Gentleman's [John Rolfe] letter to
Sir Thomas Dale, that after maried Powhatan's daughter,
containing the reasons moving him thereunto."
This letter, it seems, was delivered to Dale in March,
1614. It contains about 2,000 words, and has been re-
printed several times.
CCCXXIX. DALE TO D. M.
Sir Thomas Dale's letter " To the R. and my most
esteemed friend Mr. D. M. at his house at F. Ch. in Lon-
don." Dated " From Jamestowne in Virginia the 18. of
June 1614." It contains about 2,000 words, and was pos-
sibly written to J/aster Z)octor J/ocket in i^encAurch Street.
CCCXXX. WHITAKER TO MASTER G.
Rev. Alexander Whitaker's letter " To my verie deere
and loving Cosen M. [aster] G.[ouge] Minister of the
B.[lack] F[riars] in London." Dated " Virginia June 18*^
1614." It contains about 400 words.
The narrative proper (CCCXXVII.) contains about
14,000 words. All of these four numbers have been re-
printed together in this country, so I will not give any of
them in this collection.
This tract relates to events in Virginia from May, 1611,
to June, 1614, having several references, however, to earlier
dates. The leading items of the tract (and letters) are the
capture of Pocahontas, her marriage, and the negotiations
with the Indians. The account of the estate of the colony
in the summer of 1614 is important.
748 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
[Mem. — November 23, 1614. " Sir Wm. Wade, Sir
Dudley Diggs, Sir Baptist Hicks, Richard Martin Esq., John
Wolstenhohne Esq., Rich*^ Chamberlaine, Robte Offelev,
Robte Johnson, Jerome Heydon, George Scott, and George
Barkeley of London, Merchants, by and with the full con-
sent and agreement of William Lord Candishe, Sir John
Harrington, Sir Walter Cope, Sir Thomas Smythe, Sir Robte
Mansell, Sir Edwyn Sandys, knights and diverse other
persons therein interested, resigned The Somers Islands to
the Crown" [King James].
These individuals were influenced in thus resigning their
plantation to the crown by fear of the Spaniards. A com-
pany was afterwards incorporated and a royal charter was
granted to them on June 29, 1615. See CCCXLIX.]
CCCXXXI. HOWES' CHRONICLES.
" The Annales or Generall Chronicle of England, begun
first by Maister John Stow, and after him continued and
augmented with matters forreyne and domestique, auncient
and moderne, unto the ende of this present yeere 1614,
by Edmond Howes, gentleman. Londini Impensis Thomae
Adams 1615.
" Imprinted in London at the Three Cranes in the Vin-
tree, by Thomas Dawson, for Thomas Adams Anno. 1615.
" Dedicated to Prince Charles."
A perfect copy of these " Annales " is worth about J50,
I suppose. There was another edition of this work pub-
lished in 1631, but it does not contain a single word of ad-
ditional matter relating to the colony in America. The
latest reference to this colony is of November, 1614. The
following extracts contain the references to the English en-
terprises in America,
[p. 941.] " Virginia, is a country in America lying be-
tweene the degrees of thirtie f oure and forty five
The originaii of the Nortli Latitude. The bounds whereof on
tion ^of "the the East side, are the Ocean, on the South lyeth
HOWES' CHRONICLES. 749
Florida, on the North Nova Francia and New English in
Foundland, as for the West thereof the limits are "■^'"^•
unknowne/ of all this country, my occasion nor purpose is
not to speake, but onely of some parte, whereof the English,
viz, the Londoners and their Adherents, have made planta-
tion : which said Country was first discovered in the yeere
1584, as [p. 942] aforesayd, and Queen Elizabeth called it
Virginia, and assigned the same unto Syr Walter Raleigh,
as being the chiefe discoverer thereof. And in the yeere
1587. there were sent thither above an hundred men, wo-
men and children, and from that time untill the third yeere ^
of King James, all yeerely sending thither for plantation
ceased: and then uppon more exact discoveries, there were
yeerely supplies of men, women & children, sent thither with
all necessaries, under the conduct of Captaine Newport.
" And about three yeeres after this time, Captaine Sam-
uell Argall, discovered a direct passage through the ocean
to Virginia, and not to goe by the West India, as they did
formerly. Also in the moneth of May in the yeere last
above sayd, there were sent thither 9. ships with five hun-
dred men, women and children, with all necessarie provi-
sion, under commaund of Syr Thomas Gates, Knight, a
grave expert souldier, now appoynted Lieutenant Generall in
Virginia, Sir George Somers, Knight, a man very industri-
ous and forward, was nowe made admirall of Virginia, and
Captaine Newport an excellent Navigator was made Vice-
Admirall : with these at this time went other expert captaines
and very resolute gentlemen, these arrived at Virginia in the
yeere 1609, and likewise at the end of the yeere 1609 ^ there
was sent another supplie of 3. ships, with 150 men, being
for the most part Artificers, under commaund of the Lord
De la Ware, who by free election of the Treasurer and Coun-
sell of Virginia & with the full consent of the generalty of
^ Howes quotes several times from others for many things regarding
Smith's tract (CCXLV.), which for America,
cogent reasons was already the only ^ jgoG.
available authority to him and to ^ Lord De la Warr in April, 1610.
The end of the year was March 24.
750 PERIOD 17. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
that Company was constituted and authorized, during his
naturall life, to be Lord Governor & Captayne Generall of
all the English CoUonies planted or to bee planted in Vir-
ginia, according to the tenor of his Maiesties letters patents
granted that yeere 1609, unto that Company, Captaine Ar-
gall conducted the L. de la Ware by sea. The L. De la
Ware being arrived in Virginia, ordered all things in the
best manner he could, and with his forces marched up into
divers parts of ye country, with full purpose to make farther
discoveries ; build new townes & forts, and to bring the Sal-
vages unto his obedience : and sent Captaine Argall to the
Bermodes, & to discover ye north parts of Virginia. The
L. De la Ware used his best dilioence & industrie & there-
withall tooke such extraordinary paines that he fell into ex-
treame sickness, which prevented all his designes, and forced
him to goe thence & seeke a bath in ye West Indiaes ; but
being at Sea, his sickness so encreased, that he was con-
stray ned to bare up for the Isles of Assoris, where he recov-
ered some part of his strength, & so from thence he with
Captaine Argall came for England : the next yeere ^ follow-
ing Sir George Somers went from Virginia to ye Bermodes,
to fetch porke, where he dyed of a surfeit in eating of a pig.
Captaine Newport seeing the necessary yeerely supplies for
this plantation, not to proceed as was requisite for so honor-
able an action, he left ye service, being chosen one of ye
6. Masters of ye Navy royall, & being imployed by the
Company of the East India Marchants : he transported Sir
Robert Sherley into Persia.
" And this yeere 1614, Sir Th : Gates came from Vir-
ginia into England, using his best meanes for more supplies
to continue their plantation, having left behind him not full
400 men of all that were sent thither, over whom Sir Th.
Dale Knight, a valiant souldier & discreet Governour had the
full charge and rule.
1 This is an error. It shows how take. Argall and Somers, we now
close the affairs of the company were know, were sent to the Bermudas from
kept, and how little was really known Virginia at the same time in June,
to the public, that a chronicler of 1610.
events should have made such a mis-
ROBERT RICH
Second Earl of IVarv.'ick
i
HOWES' CHRONICLES. 751
" In this Plantation there were builded clivers townes &
forts, the first was called Jamestowne, builded by Captaine
Smith, the 2. other Townes were called Henricus & Charles,
which the L. De la Ware builded. At this time their sev-
erall discoveries up into the land were no further then to ye
fals, a place so called by reason of the fale of waters : of
which Captaine Smith, sometime president there, made a
map, and wrote a booke of every particular place, & of all
that happened there.^
" And amongst other of worthy memory in this plantation,
you shall understand that Captaine Gosnoll, a brave souldier
and very ingenious, spent much money & adventured his
person & drew in many others, at the beginning of this plan-
tation. Captaine Argall being an ingenious active, foward,
young gentleman, amongst other his discoveries & bringing
of victual, from the enemy to the CoUony, which at ye time
was Kke to have perished for want of food, he tooke a French
ship a pinace which had brought forces to plant within
the English Hmits : he razed their Forts & supplanted them,
for their comming was to have supplanted the English Col-
lonie. He also the last yeere tooke the daughter of the
great Powhatan prisoner, who being well en-
treated, became a Christian ; and then marryed hatan k Is it
Ma. Jo. Rolfe an English gentleman in James- '^'ZZ.d'^'
towne, by meanes whereof Powhatan discharo^ed commandeth
& sent home all English prisoners m most kmd
manner, besides the generall peace which ensued upon it.
Through the singular industrie & policy of Sir Tho. Dale
being marshall of Virginia & principal commander there.
And in July this yeere 1614. Captaine Argall brought let-
ters from Sir Tho. Dale & others certifying the Treasurer &
whole Company of Virginia, of the present estate of their
Collony & that the Eng'lish were nowe become ^ .
laborious & industrious & were plenteously stored time the Eng-
1 That is CCXLV. The disasters evidence for a time, especially during
which befell the colony and the uncer- 1612 - 15, " In which time of three
tain state of affairs there for some years disaster," he is favorably men-
years evidently strengthened Smith's tioued several times.
752 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
lish were with foode of their owne, & well furnished
sioathfuii with good houses in sundry places for their habi-
mtherperish tatiou & most juditiouslj manifested unto the
t'heif *^ros^er Company the just cause of good hope and great
by labour.i profit to cusue in short time by this plantation,
if they would speedily & competently supply the Collony,
whereupon there was sent the first week of Nov. this yeere
1614. a ship with 34 men & 11. women, with apparell &
other necessaries for the rest of the Collony there resident.
" And thus much at this time & in this place, touching
this plantation shall suffice, by reason Maister Hackluit,
Captaine Smith, and others, have written sundry ample dis-
courses thereof."
On page 942 Howes writes of Newfoundland.
On page 943 of Guiana and of the Northwest Passage.
On pages 943-945 of " The first plantation of the Eng-
lish in the Barmodes otherwise called the Somer Islands.
" In the yeare 1609 the Adventurers and comj)anie of
Virginia sent from London, a fleete of eight shi23pes with
people to supplie and make strong the Collonie in Virginia,
Sir Thomas Gates, being generall in a ship^Je of 300 tun, in
this ship was also Sir George Somers, who was AdmiraU,
and Captaine New-porte vice-Admirall, & with them about
160. persons, this ship was AdmiraU and kept Companie
with the rest of the Fleet to the height of 30. degrees &
being then assembled to consult touching divers matters,
they were surprised with a most extreme violent storme which
[p. 944] scattered the whole fleete, yet all the rest of the
fleet bent their course for Virginia, where by God's speciaU
favoure they arived safely, but this great shippe, though
new, and farre stronger then any of the rest, fell into a
great leake, so as Mariners, and passengers were forced for
^ I do not believe that men who had Council of Virginia was obliged to
the courage to cross the Atlantic in the give out in order to smooth over or
barks of those days were made of such conceal the real difficulties and dan-
stuff. This charge, and very many gers by which tliey were environed,
others like it, are directly traceable to the publicity of which might have been
the " varnishing reports," which the fatal to the enterprise.
HOWES' CHRONICLES. 753
three dayes space, to doe their utmost to save themselves,
from sudden sinking : but notwithstanding their incessant
pumping and casting out of water by Bucketts and all other
meanes, yet the water covered all the goods, within the hold,
and all men were utterly tired and spent in strengtli and
overcome with laboure and hopelesse of any succoure, most
of them were gone to sleepe, yeeldiug themselves to the mercy
of the Sea, being all very desierous to die upon any shoare,
wheresoever, Sir George Sommers sitting at the Stearne,
seeing the shippe desperat of reliefe looking every minute
when the shippe woulde sinke, hee espyed land, which ac-
cording to his and Captayne Newports oppinion, they judged
it should be that dreadfull coast of the Bermodes, which
Islande were of all Nations, said and supposed to be in-
chanted and inhabited with witches, and devills, which grew
by reason of accustomed monstrous Thunderstorme and
tempest, neere unto those Islands also for that the whole
coast is so wunderous daungerous of Rockes, that few can
approach them, but with unspeakeable hazard of shippe
wrack, S"" George Somers, Sir Thomas Gates, Captayne
Newport, and the rest, suddainely agreed of two evills to
chuse the least, and so in a kinde of desperat res- ^^ ^j^^g^ j^j
olution, directed the shippe maynely for these ^"'^^ *^« ^^
T 1 1 1-11 r^ 1 1- • -1 ^''^ "°* ^b
Islands, wnicn by Gods divme providence, at a and flow full
hie water ran right betweene two strong Rockes,
where it stuck fast without breaking, which gave leasure
and good oportunitie, for them to hoyce out their boate, and
to land all their people as well saylers, as souldiers, and
others in good safety, and beeing come a shoare, they were
soone refreshed and cheered, the soyle and aire being most
sweet and delicate. The salt water did great spoyle to most
of the shippes lading and victuall, yet some meale was well
recovered with many perticular thinges for theire common
use & they all humbly thanked God for his great mercy, in
so preserving them from destruction.
" Then presently they sought farther into the Island for
foode, which being never yet inhabited by any peoj)le, was
754 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
overgrowne with woods, and the woods replenished with
wilde swine, which swine as it is very probable sworn thither,
out of some shippe wracke, they found also great multitude
of fowle of sundry kindes, being then in a manner very
tame, they found some fruite, as mulberies, peares, and Pal-
mytoes, with stately Ceader Trees, & in the Sea, and in the
Rockes, great plenty of most pleasant and holsome fish.
" Here of necessity they were constrayned to stay, almost
ten moneths, in which space by the speciall Mercy, and
divine providence of almighty God, to make good the dis-
covery of these Islands unto them, that they by diligence
and Industry, saved so much of the timber, tacling, and
other things out of their great shippe which lay wrackt, and
stuck fast betweene two Rockes, as there withall, and with
such supply of stuffe as they found in those Islandes, they
builded there two vessels, the lesser ^ whereof so soone as it
was finished, it was manned and sent to goe to the Collony
in Virginia, to signifie unto them how all thinges had hap-
pened with their commaunders, and their Company, and
that they would shortly set sayle for Virginia, but what be-
came of this shippe & men was never yet knowne, and when
the bigger vessel was finished, and victualed with swines
flesh, and with what else that place would afford them, these
Commaunders, with all their Company imbarked them-
selves, and by Gods great mercy, arived safely at Virginia,
when all Englishmen deemed them to be utterly cast away.
" When these three worthy commaunders, had setled the
Collony, then Sir George Somers returned againe to the
Bermodies, where he dyed of a surfeit, viz, eating Porke :
his ship returned, having left three men there to keepe pos-
session of those Islands.
" These Islands are within the limits of Virginia, and the
Company finding land enough to plant uppon the maine in
Virginia, soulde these Islands of the Bermodyes unto 120
^ An error. This reference is to the shipwreck. Both of the vessels built
long boat which was sent " as a Barke on the island went to Virginia in May,
of Aviso for Virginia," soon after the IGIO.
HOWES' CHRONICLES. 755
persons * of the same Companie, who since that time they
obtayned a Charter," and so they now hold those Islands
from his Maiestie. And in April 1612. the sayd newe
Company sent thither a ship with 60. persons, who arryved
and remained there very safely.
" And when the said new Company was truly informed
of the wholesomnesse of the Ayre and pleasantnesse of the
soyle, and the aptnesse thereof, of itself e in all respects to
maintaine a Collony, the ground being so fertile that it will
yeeld two harvests in one yeere : great plentie of woods and
loftie Cedars : wellstored with fowle and great plenty of
good fish ; and that besides the f ertilitie of the soyle, which
they had tryed, would beare with great encrease, all kind
of English grayne, fruites, trees, beaches, and vines besides
the great store of Ambergreece, and some pearle, which is
found there : they sent yeerely supplies thither of men and
some women, with all things necessarie for so worthy a
plantation, so as at this time there are sixe hundred persons
well fortified, with plentie of great ordinance, being nowe
verie well able to resist a proud daring adversarie, by reason
there are but two Inlets, and they both so narrow, as but
one ship can come in at once into the harbour, and the Isl-
ands are invironed with Rockes unaccessable, and within
there is a most excellent harbour, for a Navie of great Ships.
"The great Island is divided into eight Cantons, or
Tribes, bearing the name of eight of the chiefe The Bermo-
Planters, viz. The Earle of Northampton's Tribe, abou^soo
The Earle of Pembrookes Tribe, The Lord Paffet, poo ?]
■' o •' leagues irom
The Lord Candish [p. 944 (? 945)], Lord Harring- Virginia.
ton, Syr Thomas Smith, Syr Robert Mansell and Syr Edmn
^ See under November 25, 1612. it confused with the Virginia charter
2 Their charter passed the seals June of March, 1612. Howes probably did
29, 1615. It was probably understood his best ; but he certainly makes sev-
that a charter would be granted at the eral errors. Reliable evidence was
time of the surrender to the crown on evidently not obtainable at that time,
November 23, 1614. But Howes' ac- nor afterwards ; but by collating to-
count is confusing ; he seems to place gether all the evidence now obtaina-
'ihe granting of this charter before ble, I believe correct ideas may be
April, 1612, and I suppose has gotten arrived at.
756 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
Sands Tribe. Some of the lesser Isles are one mile and
some 2. and 3. miles of ground, in which if they digge,
they find good fresh water. The Company hath by this
time spent twentie thousand jDOunds in this plantation and
purchase.
" The Company named these Islands by the name of the
Somer Islands : they lie in 32. degrees of the North Lati-
tude :
" Richard Moore was sent thither as Dej)utie Governor
there for the Company [?]. Syr Thomas Smith, Knight was
then [?] Governor, and Master William Caning the deputie
governor of this Company."
On page 945, Howes says : " Amongst the manifoulde
Tokens and Sig'nes of the infinite Blessinsfs of Almig-htie
God bestowed uppon this kingdome, by the wondrous and
mercifull establishing of peace within ourselves, and the
full benefitte of Concord with all Christian nations, and
others, of all which graces let no man dare to presume he
can speake too much, whereof in truth there can never be
enough said." Among the fruits of the peace he mentions,
" The universall increase of commerce, and trafique through-
out the kingdome, great building or royall shijjs by private
merchants, the repeopling of citties, Townes & Villages,
besides the undiscernable and sudden encrease of fayre and
costly buildings, as well within the citty of London, as in
the suburbs thereof : ... as also the Plantation of Eng-
lish in Ireland, Virginia, and Newfound Lande, and in the
Bermodes, the discovery of the North West passage," etc.
Howes published, about May, 1618, " The Abridgement
of the English Chronicle, First collected by M. John Stow,
and after him augmented with very many memorable An-
tiquities, and continued with matters forreine and domesti-
call, unto the beginning of the yeare, 1618. . . . Imprinted
at London for the Company of Stationers, 1618." I have
given tlie references to the Virginia enterprises in this work
under the various dates referred to. See extracts from
Howes' Chronicles, abridged.
COMPLAINTS AGAINST THE FRENCH. 757
CCCXXXII. EDMONDES TO WINWOOD.
Sir Thomas Edmoncles to Secretary Sir Ralph Winwood.
Paris, France, December 12, 1614.
[ Account of his conference Avith Mons. de ViUeroy and
audience of the King and Queen of France, in reference
to sundry complaints of the French against His Majesty's
subjects.]
..." Whereunto she [the Queen] made me no other
answeere then that the complaints were great which she
received of the spoyles which were committed upon the
ffrench by his Majesties subjects, as she was forced to make
an extraordinarie instance for the redresse of the same." —
English State Paper Ofiice.
CCCXXXIII. EXTRACT FROM STATIONERS' RECORDS.
" A further sum of £45. was subscribed to the Virginia
enterprise, from the trading stock of The Stationers in
1614 [exact date not given] ; but no return appears to
have been received."
Extract from a letter from the clerk of the company.
CCCXXXIV. EDMONDES TO WINWOOD.
Sir Thomas Edmondes to Secretary Sir Ralph Winwood.
Paris, France, December 30, 1614.
" I send your Honour herewith a Copie of the Memoriall
which I have exhibited to Monsieur de ViUeroy, of as many
both generall and particular Complaintes, as I could call to
remembrance."
CCCXXXV. COMPLAINTS AGAINST THE FRENCH.
[Inclosure.] "Memorial of Complaints concerning the
subjects of the King of Great Britain, which his Majesties
Ambassador presents to their Majesties [of France] and the
758 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
Lords of the Council, in order that it may please them to
give orders to have said complaints redressed and prevented
in future."
This is a document in French, of twenty-one pages, some
of the complaints dating back twenty-five years. They
include the following, namely : —
" In the year 1606 Sir Ferdinando Gorge (sic) Governor
of the city of Plimuth (sic) and some others having equipped
and put to sea a vessel of the said town called The Richard,
under the command of one called Captain Chalonour to
trade and obtain a footino; on the coast of Viro-inia, this
vessel, sailing on the high seas, was met with and taken
with all the merchandise and provisions that were on boord,
amounting to the value of 14.000 or 15.000 francs, by
another vessel, belonging to two merchants from St Malo,
called Louis and Servant Graves, being commanded by one
called Alphonse Camache, who took the foresaid vessel as a
prize, to Bordeaux, where as soon as the men of the crew
of the former saw themselves at liberty, one of them, called
Tucker, proceeded against the said Camache before the
Parhament of that place, so as to obtain justice against him.
But after having continued his lawsuit there for the space
of two years, he was non-suited by sentence of the 20*^ Feb-
ruary 1609, because he had not been able to furnish secur-
ity of such an amount and within such a time as was asked
of him, notwithstanding that he offered shortly after suffi-
cient security." — English State Paj)er Office.
CCCXXXVI. EXTRACT FROM ALEXANDER'S DOOMSDAY.
Extract from Sir William Alexander's poem called
" Doomsday," probably written in 1614 : —
" In this last age, Time doth new worlds display,
That Christ a church, o'er all the Earth may have,
His righteousness shall barbarous realms away,
If their first love, more civil lands will leave,
America to Europe may succeed,
God may of stones raise up to Abram, seed."
LETTER FROM LEWIS HUGHES. 759
CCCXXXVII. EXTRACT FROM COOKE'S TUQUOQUE.
Extract from " Greenes Tuquoqiie, or The Cittie Gal-
lant. As it hath beene divers times acted by the Queenes
Maiesties Servants. Written by John Cooke, gent, [the
actor] Printed at London . . . 1614."
One of the characters says : " I dare not walk abroad to
see my friends, for fear the sergeants should take acquaint-
ance of me ; my refuge is Ireland or Virginia."
[Mem. — The Margaret and other vessels returned from
the Bermudas in the summer, fall, and winter of 1614 ;
bringing back Master George Berkeley, Captain Daniel
Elfrith, and others.]
CCCXXXVIII. GONDOMAR TO PHILIP III.
GENERAL ARCHIVES OF SIMANCAS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
VOLUME 259S, FOLIO 23.
Copy of an extract from a deciphered letter of Don Diego
Sarmiento de Acuiia to the King of Spain, dated Lon-
don, February 10, 1615.
" Sire.
..." We expect Don Diego de Molino with the first
ship coming from Virginia. That Colony continues daily
losing more of its credit, and I am told that even the
energy with which the Colony of Bermuda began is no
longer as great, because they do not find there the advan-
tages which they expected." ...
CCCXXXIX. LETTER FROM LEWIS HUGHES.
" A Letter sent into England from the Summer Islands
written by M"" Lewis Hughes, Preacher of God's Word
there, 1615. Printed at London by J. B. for William
Welby, and'are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the
760 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
Swanne in Paules Church Yard 1615." The letter is dated
December 21, 1614, and extracts from it are given in Le-
froy's '" Memorials of the Bermudas," vol. ii. pp. 577-580.
[Mem. — Captain Argall in the Treasurer sailed for Vir-
ginia about February, 1615.]
CCCXL. MINUTE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
On February 19, I6I5, the Privy Council made the follow-
ing minute : —
" Whereas it pleased their Lordships some moneths past ^
at the humble suite of the Colony of Virginia to gyve order
for the writing of certaine letters unto the several cittyes and
Townes of the Kingdome inviting and persuading the In-
habitants thereof to adventure in a certeyne Lotterye, such
somes of moneye as they should think fitting according to
the rules enclosed in the sayd Letters, thereby the better to
enable ye sayd Comj)anye to proceede in that Plantation of
Virofinia : —
" And forasmuch as upon further consideration it was com-
manded by the Boarde, that staye should be made of the
sayd Letters, until further order might be given on that
behalfe. It was this day (upon the humble suite of Sir
Thomas Smith, with the rest of the Company of Virginia)
thought fitting, and so accordingly ordered, that the sayd
letters should forthwith be delivered unto Sir Thomas Smith,
to thj end they might be sent, and dispersed according to
their several directions." — From Neill's " Virginia Ve-
tusta," p. 199.
CCCXLI. PRIVY COUNCIL TO CANTERBURY.
FEOM GREEN'S AND SAINSBURY'S CALENDARS OF STATE
PAPERS.
White Hall, February 22, 1615.
" The Privy Council to the Mayor and Aldermen of Can-
terbury."
1 See CCCI.
CU
u
1)
^
eft
XJ
»
n!
&
--' o
- tr-
o ^ P. n
.5 ■£ ^
-5 .h '^ ~ •-
12 *j i3 OJ 5
J 1^
-a .s o -^ ^
(U (U
^ ,Q X) /3 C
>> Xl
OJ
>,
u
c
'I
rt
3
■^
rt
■"
o
0)
>
0)
_C
<i)
O
o
ai
i=
^
a
•
>.J3
f/;
0)
^
TD
&,
O
^
■^
s
U)
^
a)
C
'^
^
£
'•/
O
X
'?
o
(L>
3
S
Cfl
J3
^
T3
>
rt
C/J
—
1>
rt
C
05
S
^
K
<U
p.
cy
^
-O
O
(1)
h
3
in
o
(U
«)
f-H
P .5 S ^ ?
> :s "H "
J3 *J <U 3 -
*^ 3 irl C« 9
a to ^
rt <u iS = 1)
.c a a d 3
J- 3 J- — uj
■u .52 "a 5 0)
H) J3 rt rt 3
-C •„ O o
^ 0) O • —
cT ■£ Cfi <D V
E •=
a
.5 e
TO 4-* "^
= rt ^ .3
X O -3 ^
a *: lA :j3 g. js x;
o o
oooooooooo
OUOCJOUOOOtJ
ddddddoddd
OOOOOOOLOMw
Lo O O lo n ci »"
4) (U
^■^ '
3 r3 1- '3
a •
• 73 *^y=! !=
rtpq .
■ rt^ a;3
>r|
-!-=
•>^l-?
E<- U) -1-1 ■" ^ 1-H J-
_^ & OJ 0) 3 ti ^
-3 ^ ■£ ■£ !3 too ^
_N O o O
CU y <-> y
<U 4) <u o
^ tn uT -p •
O QJ CL) tU ^
N N [>j N rt
o
O j3
^
J=
o
TO
(Tt
OJ
<u
^■,n
t/)
«; N
<D
0)
n.t
Qj aj NJ N N *^
a •;: -c -u an
'PhPhJh
oooc
. . . . o o
i-i PI Tj- —
1-1 (t) 0) 'O -1,
22 > t; «j ^
p nj O il rt
c v^ u aj tz
2 -^^ •£
'^ "" t! "1
^ =" t« rt
c e -S
-q >2 Si
D
a> 1) "i; -
in o
O "^
ho
O) "" '-' 3
4.) 3 j_, i- <u
<u ^ a, S
£ "o -G t«
-• • • <u
-O ™ 3 O ^
-^ ^ ^ O g M
O lU
*; 0)
rt .3 S j:
.22 *
en- >^ 2 -
<U C VI.'
.2 "! C O
iH _ O)
f^ -S .S 3
5 3 ^ ca .x) -a °
en u3 <u (U i
*-• 0) u J-" —
3 ^ p rt >
a^^
^ 0)
--; . rt rt ■"
.2 ^ -5 .-a <u
3 i; <L) cj
OJ -- r-
5 tn
<l> ^ ^ H-i ^
3
^
V
.^
n!
o
T3
O
OJ
3
flj
-3
t^
-^
o
3
v-/
a
^O
^
O
''^J
i-i
.a
3
(U
>
O
U vS
"" (U -S
-3 t; ^
.-3 O 3
3 '^
"o
C
S-i
O
3
in
fn
3
(U
in
§
3
C
l-i
S
o
o"
-1
z; 3 a o
■s tp
S to is T3
^ i ;: T3 -3
3 ^ i; (J
rt _« -U o ^
^ u rt ^
5 — ^ E
>- "a c o
>, o o >-
5 .? w^
i. tfl 1) >> <u
P -S rt o i; ^
■^ i-B s ^ 1 i
.)1
^ o -
■^
O "S
o « ^
aj -' ■-: o 0) n s
J ^ ra 55 -^ ^ u
rt >
«J O , ^^
^ C S O O ==
■a -^ i>
-a -^ ^ ►P
*<" '3 •- "5: -"
? S ra -*-
3
rr
__
rt
rt
01
^
C
aj
Si
Ci
S)
^
o rt 2 o « o
*^ Ml o a,
s in
'5) '^
> s
<U o
fC u
It "?
O 4j
•5 •>' 5 5 -^
le
^ •£>. -3 " "^ £
2 5 1,
0)
-r: -c <"
5J i. --•
S < Ji £
J^ (U -53 c«
.- ^ na *i - j;
U Cm
— _c £ rt ij
Cu *^ '^ J= >-
:= =" zl (o ■" -5 rt
i ^ =«
e ^
o ^
(U o u
'" 3 .5
^ <U ^ J3
■5 £-
D ?; 0) .— .-3 o o
.N >
1) ■^
<u tj -j^
o '5 ■£
^ ^ 3 2 iJ c
CO c
" 2 73 (^ T3 iH -5
^" C cfl C <u '^
'§ jf p u .= i; °
fc- o —
o .-^
o = ^ IS
♦J •— o
V. P U
rt s ,>
r- — _- OJ !2 ^
ir
If-
t« .u
"S o
< £
M n
^ S S
000
■•<■ ro fi
S ^ ^ -3
a> I
3
5J c
0) —
0) HJ tn •
^ 2 '^
CJ OJ 23 ■"" M-i P-i
^ -S'^ ^ O ^
r; ciS J-. o
^ x: .js
■£=■££
<U ^ ^ r3 <!) C '+-<
•^ 3:2
tn 3
^ O 5 5^
f- C ^ U t.
f-l f-l i
o (u
1 &u^ o
i rt S « H
= o S= S- rt-i; Si
cj jfl
:3r
: 4- -a G te
. ^r:: . ^ ^-Hajt3:> .k/"
-"; °^ )I
' •" ^j ^-!^e~t-ro:;; ,-io
^ 'US ,
— . Cj C3
o 3 •"' 2 ■ — 2i —
-s == P-C^'
s <
^ i ^s lilies I
H P H
2Bo
^ o
V a u
■^ js ^ '■
m
Si rt wj
o -a D
-4-> «1
^ O D X!
O ^ 4) o
5 & o
J- > £ p
^ o ^
to ~ ^ o
,■* rt 'J- -JO
y -^ o rt
il 2-
t,. - -n ^
1) u
M-3 £
^ ■£ ■£ .S "* £ "*
•^ ^ '3 14-1 '^^ "S
i: o
^ '= ^ 13 5 S
■n rt ^
rt ^ ;=: tn
o&2c"o-£.22c2°
o ^ .«
^;5
— rt '5
P -5
D tn
'— 'C
<u PI
OS > iJ 3
.« rS rt
01
^ '5
o ^ >, — P
- 3 O SP 0) P
j3 o ir 3 >_■ U
;* ^5 ti T 3 .
*-"
c
P
3
>*--
c-i
-a
tn
tn
V
J5
1)
rt
^
tu
>^
53
:/:
bO
3
P
^
bO
3
IS
0)
.2
"tn
^
<4-l
rt
3
tl,
P ^
5 -C
*^ •£ ■
O 2:
53 73
a, -r
tn ?
O a.. •
^ O
e nS i>
<u 3 tn
•5 e
rt
tn
!U
UJ
XJ
3.
'J
•q.
tn
11
tn
0)
t5
c
0-
£
g
0)
.;<
^
u
St!
f)
c
^
ID
m
3
tn
3
3 ti = 3
Q (U rt o
U -^ £ tn
S •=
^ ly __
£ ^ ^ r=
<U ij ^ Cl, O --i
-p p _ o
^ .2
CO 3 r^ ^
30P<]J-P^^0-;::t;p
.. ■" -^ ? "^ O -P -3 ^ ■„ ti
-- S nj
^ ^ 2e
>
P
t-.
g
«-»-»
lU
rt
~
ID
n
tn
^
C
r^
br,
i~4
>
tn
P
r-
>>
>^
■a
-i^
Ci
2
'^
tn
w
rt
i"^ -£l^rt &.
> --; *j O) rt
J2 tn rg
•n (L) C /n O
H ^^ u B- ^ ^
3 x: rt ^
•^ ^ 5 -^
l) l-J
rt .ii ii
g ^ ^ 2 ■£ o
p o
2 cj
-C rt -5 ^' 3 "S >i5
S H -53
u to a
2 - >-
o rt o
O ■~
P ^" .P ,:<!
■g 3 tp 5
tu '— • — r?
e
i-J '-' -n 4-r
p I* -
tn ip ^
0) aj
" rt
= 5 0.
"^ J5 ,Q
A DECLARATION FOR THE LOTTERY. 761
Abstract : ' Send a True declaration of the state of the
English Colony in Virginia/ together with a project by help
of a lottery, to bring that work to the success desired.
* Commend that worthy and Christian enterprise to their
care, and retpiire that they will employ their best endeavors
to persuade persons of ability to adventure in the lottery.
Inclose from the Treasurer and Council of Virginia, books
requisite for registering the sums adventured, which it is
requested may be returned with the money collected.'
CCCXLIL A DECLARATION FOR THE LOTTERY.
I am convinced that this was first entered for publication
March 9, 1614 (see under that date), and was soon after
distributed among the London companies. It was probably
again printed February 22, 1615 (with the needed changes
in date, etc., I suppose), for distribution among the various
cities, towns, etc.
" A Declaration for the certaine time of drawing; the
great standing Lottery. — [With an engraved heading of
Eiatintomino and Matahan, the Council Seal and symbols
of the lottery.]
*' Once, in one State, as of one Stem,
Meere Strangers from Jerusalem,
As Wee, were Yee ; till Others Pittie
Sought, and brought You to That Cittie.
" Deere Britaines, now, be You as kinde ;
Bring Light, and Sight, to Us yet blinde :
Lead Us, by Doctrine and Behaviour,
Into one Sion, to one Saviour.
" It is apparent to the World, by how many former Pub-
lications we manifested our intents to have drawne out the
Great standing Lotterie long before this day : Which not
falling out as ourselves desired and others expected, whose
moneyes are already adventured therein, We thought good
therefore for avoiding all unjust and sinister constructions
1 CCCXLIL see also CCCL
762 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
to resolve tlie doubts of al indifferent minded in three
speciall points for their better satisfaction. The first is, for
as much as the adventures came in so slackly with such
poore and barren receits of moneys at the Lottery house for
this twelve moneth past, that without too much prejudice to
ourselves and the adventurers in lessening the blankes &
prizes, We found no meanes nor abiHty to proceed in any
competent proportion, but of necessity are driven to the
Honourable Lords by petition, Who out of their Noble care
and disposition to further that publike plantation of Vir-
ginia, have recommended their letters to the Counties, cities
and good Townes in England. Which we hope by sending
in their Voluntarie adventurers, will sufficiently make that
supply of helpe, which otherwise we should not in any rea-
sonable time have effected.
" The second poynt for satisfaction to all honest and wel
affected minds, is, that notwithstanding this our meanes of
Lottery, answered not our hopes, yet have we not failed in
that Christian care of the Colony in Virginia, to whom wee
have lately made tw^o sundry supplies of men and provi-
sions. Where wee doubt not but they are all in health and
in so good a way with corne and cattell to subsist of them-
selves, that were they now but a while supplied with more
hands and materials, we should tlie sooner resolve upon a
division of the country by lot, and so lessen the Generall
charge, by leaving each several tribe or family to husband
and manure his owne.
" The third and last is our constant resolution, that see-
ing our credits are now so farre engaged to the Honour-
able Lords & to the whole State for the drawing and accom-
plishment of this great standing Lotterie, Which we intend
shall be our last of all standing Lotteries for this Planta-
tion, that our time fixed and determined for accomplishing
thereof, shall be, if God permit, without longer delay, the
26. of June next, being in Trinity tearme, desiring all such
as have undertaken with bookes to soHcite their friends, and
all such as intend the prosperity of that worthie Plantation,
A DECLARATION FOR THE LOTTERY. 763
that they will not withhold their monies till the last weeke
or moneth be expired, lest we be unwillingly forced to pro-
portion a lesse value and number of our blankes and prizes
wiiich hereafter follow.
" And whosoever under one name or posie shall adventure
twelve pounds ten shillings or upward, if he please to leave
& remit his Prizes and Rewards, bee they more or lesse,
the Lottery being drawne out, he shall have a bill of Adven-
ture to Virginia, for the like sum he adventured, & shall
be free of that Company, & have his part in all Lands, &
all other profits hereafter arising thence according to his
adventure of twelve pounds ten shillings or upwards.
" Whosoever is behinde with the payment of any sum of
money promised heretofore to be adventured to Virginia,
if hee adventure in this Lotterie the double of that sum &
make payment thereof in ready money to Sir Thomas Smith,
Knight, Treasurer, for Virginia, he shall be discharged of
the foresaid summe so promised to have been adventured
to Virginia, and of all actions and damages therefrom aris-
ino% and have also the benefit of all Prizes and Rewards
whatsoever in this Lottery, due by reason of the like sum
which he shall bring in, and yet notwithstandinge, if after
the Lottery drawne, he list to remit all his said Prizes and
Rewards, he shall have a bill of Adventure to Virginia, for
the said entire summe according to the last preceding Ar-
ticle.
" And if upon too much delay of the adventurers to fur-
nish this Lottery, We be driven to draw the same before it
be full, then we purpose to shorten both blanks and Prizes
in an equall proportion, according to that wherein we shall
come short, bee it more or lesse, that neither the Adventur-
ers may be defrauded nor ourselves as in the former, any-
way wronged.
" The Prizes, Welcomes & Rewards shall be paid in ready
money, Plate, or other goods reasonably rated. If any dis-
like of the said Plate or other Goods, he shall have ready
money for the same, abating onely a tenth part ; except in
764
PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
small Prizes of tenne Crownes or under, wherein nothing
shall be abated them.
" The money for Adventures is to be paid to Sir Thomas
Smith, Knight, Treasurer for Virginia at his house in Phil-
pot lane ; or to such officers as shall be appointed to at-
tend for that purpose at the Lottery house : or to such other
as shall elsewhere, for the ease of the countrey, be author-
ized under the seale of the company, for receipt thereof.
" The Prizes, Welcomes & Rewards being drawne they
shall be jDaid by The Treasurer for Virginia, without delay,
whensoever they shall be demanded.
" And for the better expedition to make our sum compleat,
as wel to hasten the drawing of our Lottery, as chiefly to
inable us the sooner to make good supplies to the Colonic
in Virginia : Whosoever under one name or posie shall
bring in ready money three pounds, either to the Lottery
house, or to any Collector, the same party receiving their
money, for every three pounds so received, shall render them
presently a silver spoone of 6. shillings, 8 pence price, or 6.
shiUings 8. pence in money.
Welcomes.
To him that first shall bee drawne out with a Blanke 100. crownes.
To the second 50. crownes.
To the third
To him that every day during the drawing of this Lot- )
tery shall be first drawne out with a Blanke )
Prizes.
1. Great Prize of
2. Great Prizes, each of
4. Great Prizes, each of
6. Great Prizes, each of
10. Prizes, each of .
20. Prizes, each of
100. Prizes, each of .
200. Prizes, each of
400. Prizes, each of .
1,000. Prizes, each of
1,000. Prizes, each of .
1^5.
crownes.
10.
crownes.
4.500.
crownes.
2.000.
crownes.
1.000.
crownes.
500.
crownes.
300.
crownes.
200.
crownes.
100.
crownes.
50.
crownes.
20.
crownes.
10.
crownes.
8.
crownes.
A DECLARATION FOR THE LOTTERY.
765
1,000. Prizes, each of
4,000. Prizes, each of
1,000. Prizes, each of
1,000. Prizes, each of
6. crownes.
4. crownes.
3. crownes.
2. crownes.
25. crownes.
400. crownes.
Rewards.
To him that shall hee last drawne out with a Blanke
To him that putteth in the greatest number of Lots un-
der one name or Posie
To him that putteth in the second greatest number 300. crownes.
To him tliat putteth in the third greatest number 200. crownes.
To him tliat putteth in the fourth greatest number 100. crownes.
If divers bee of equall number, then these Rewards are to be divided
proportionably.
ADDITIOISr OF KEW REWARDS.
The Blanke that shall bee drawne out next before the >
greatest Prize, shal have j
The Blanke that shall bee drawne out next after the ")
said great Prize, shall have )
The Blankes that sliall be drawne out immediately be- >
fore the 2. next greatest Prizes, shall have each of them j
The severall Blankes next after them shall have also >
each of them j
The severall Blankes next before the foure Great Prizes,
shall have each of them
The severall Blankes next after them shall have also )
each of them j
The severall Blankes next before the six gi'eat Prizes, )
shall have each of them )
The severall Blankes next after them shall also have ]
each of them j
"}
25. crownes.
25. crownes.
20. crownes.
20. crownes.
15. crownes,
15. crownes.
10. crownes.
10. crownes.
" Imprinted at London by Felix Kyngston, for Willitara
Welby, the 22. of FebruarieJ 1615."
Smith extracts from CCCXLII. in his " Generall History,"
pp. 117-119. This lottery was drawn November 17, 1615,
and was really the Second Great Lottery ; the First Great
Virginian Lottery, as we have seen, was drawn in June and
July, 1612.
CCCXLII. is No. 151, Broadside of the Society of Anti-
quaries of London ; I know of no other original. It has
766 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
been wrongly catalogued under 1616. (See my remarks on
CXIV.) The year is not Old Style ; it would have borne
the date 1615, if printed in London between September 29,
1614, and September 29, 1615.
CCCXLIIL EXTRACT FROM THE TRADE'S INCREASE.
Some time prior to February 22, 1615, there issued from
the press a tract called " The Trades Increase. Printed by
Nicholas Okes, and are to be sold by Walter Burre." The
preface is signed with the initials I. R. It was written
against the East India Company. It contains the following
references to Virginia, viz. : —
On page 26. " I cannot finde any other worthy place
of forren anchorage. For the Bermudas, We know not yet
what they will doe ; and for Virginia we know not well
what to do with it : The present profit of those two Col-
onies not employing any store of shipping. The great ex-
pence that the nobility and gentry have been at in planting
Virginia is no way recompensed by the poor returns from
thence."
On page 53. " The Virginia Company pretend almost
all that Maine twixt it and New-found-land to bee their
Fee-Simple, whereby many honest and able mindes, dis-
posed to adventiu-e, are hmdred and stopped from repairing
to those places, that they either know or would discover,
even for fishing."
February 22, 1615. Extract from the Court Mmutes of
the East India Company.
" Report of M^ Leate and M^ Bell that Mr. Attorney
and another lawyer find some points in the book, called the
Trades Increase, very near to treason and all the rest very
dangerous. The opinion of M"" Sohcitor desired ; Sir Dud-
ley Diggs of opinion that a book should be set forth in
defence of the East India trade."
EXTRACT FROM BRITAIN'S BUSS. 767
CCCXLIV. EXTRACT FROM THE DEFENSE OF TRADE.
Soon after this, there appeared '' The Defence of Trade.
In a Letter to Sir Thomas Smith, Knight, Governour of the
East India Companie &c. From one of that Societie.
Vexat censura Cokunbas. London, Printed by William
Stansby for John Barnes, and are to be sold at his shop
over against Saint Sepulchres Church without Newgate.
1615." (Signed at the end of pamphlet, Dudley Digges.
In the tract he speaks of Sir Thomas Smythe as his kins-
man.) The tract is a defense of the merchant companies.
On page 30, Diggs, replying to the reflection on Virginia,
says : —
" This ready Companie (of Muscovie) to doe him service,
and to good their Countrie, May perhaps finde meanes, to
save home-store, by trying a conclusion in Virginia, which
this worthy author thinkes, men know not what to doe
withaU."
[Mem. — In March, 1615, Byleth and Baffin sailed on
their voyage for Discoverie of Seas, Lands and Hands to
the North- Westwards, etc.
The Welcome sailed for the Bermudas probably about
the same time.]
CCCXLV. EXTRACT FROM BRITAIN'S BUSS.
Extract from " Britain's Buss, or A computation as well
of the charge of a Buss or Herring Fishing ship ; as also
of the Gain and Profit thereby. By E. S. London.
Printed by Wilham Jaggard for Nicholas Bourne, and are
to be sold at his shop at the south entry of the Royal Ex-
change. 1615." . . .
" Timber and Plank. And for all the great and pitiful
waste of our English woods ; yet will England afford tim-
ber and plank enough for many Busses : but, to spare Eng-
768 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614^ULY, 1616.
land awhile, Ireland will yield us Busses enough, besides
many other good ships, if need be ; and Scotland will hel^^
us with masts. But if w^e would spare so near home, we
may help ourselves out of Virginia and Sommer Isl-
ands." . . .
As this tract mentions the " Trtide's Increase," as " now
newly come abroad," I suppose it was written early in
1615, soon after the " Trade's Increase.
CCCXLVI. CAREW TO ROE.
See "The Letters of Carew to Roe," printed for the
Camden Society of England in 1860, pp. 6, 7, and also pp.
53, 54.
April, 1615. " The Frenche, who were planted in an
Hand in the mouthe of the river Maraynor, are displanted
by the Portugals. There whole number were 400 French-
men, but 100 of them unserviceable by reason of sickness.
None were spared, but aU of them, allmost to a man, put to
the sword, and the women and children found no mercye.
The Portugal commander thatt tryumphes with this victorie
is the governor of Brasil, who surprised them thatt were
over negligent ; his forces consisted of 800 Portugals and
800 Indians. The French fort, which was well fortified, is
rased to the ground. I pray God thatt Virginia may not
drinke of the same cuppe ! "
CCCXLVII. EXTRACT FROM RECORDS OF DOVER.
From "Liber Vocatus A." Commencing 19th Elizabeth,
September 15, 1577. Contaming the Common Assembly
Minutes of this Borough of Dover.
" 8'^ May 1615. A Letter read from the Lords of the
Council to adventure in the Lottery for the Lottery for the
Plantation of Virginia. <£5. adventured out of the Towns
Yr. [Treasury ?] by 20 Lots to be made in the name of the
EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF WYCOMBE. 769
town of Dover. M' Mayor to send the same according to
direction. If any profit be had to be the corporations."
" ii'* July 1615. The <£5. adventure paid in London
by 20 Lotts and a receipt of the same and N*' of the Lots
produced."
CCCXLVIII. EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF
WYCOMBE.
FROM FIFTH BEPT. ROYAL HIST. COM. PAGE 559.
From Records of the Borough of High Wycombe. Folio
146b.
Under date May 27, 1615, a list is given " of the names
of the adventurers for Vii-gmia," ^. e. of persons who ven-
tured sums of money in the Lottery made on the new set-
tlement there ; the largest venture being that of Robert
Kempe, gent., who subscribes 40 shillings ; the smallest
sums subscribed being 5 shillings. The common clerk
probably made the entry, and does not appear to have very
favorably regarded the speculation, as he ends the hst with
" Posslbllla S2)es comitaturr After which is entered,
" Memorandum that it is agreed amongst the said Adven-
turers that Roberte Gray, seargeant, and Edward Randall,
Parishe Clarke, shall have eyther of them, the benefitt of a
lott of 5.S., for there paines in collecting of the abovesaid
somys of money, as well and fully as though they had
adventured there lottes." Many children's names having
been entered, each for a lot, the following is added : " It is
agreed the parents of the said children shall have and take
Sommes due to the children, and discharge the towne."
[Mem. — Four ships were sent out by the Londoners to
the New England coast in January, 1615. Returning, one
loaded with dry fish sailed for Spain, and was taken by the
Turks. One went to Virginia to relieve that colony, " and
two came for England with the greene fish, treine oyle and
furres, within sixe moneths." Captain John Smith sailed
770 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
from Plymouth in March with two ships, on his so-called
" second voyage to New England ; " he soon returned with
the large ship, but Master Dermer made the voyage safely
in the small bark. Smith again sailed (on his so-called
" thu'd voyage ") June 24, following ; but fell into the
hands of " Pyrats."
CCCXLIX. THE SOMERS ISLANDS CHARTER.
COLONIAL ENTRY BOOK, VOLUME XVIL PAGES 1-46.
On the 29'^ June, 1615, King James granted to Henry
Earl of Southampton, Lucy Countess of Bedford, William
Earl of Pembroke, William Lord Paget, William Lord Cav-
endish, Sir Ralph Winwood, Sir Robert Rich, Sir Thomas
Smith, Sir Robert Maunsell, Sir Edwyn Sandys, Su' Dudley
Diggs, Sir John Watts, Sir Anthony Archer, Sir Samuel
Sandys, Sir John Merrick, Sir Richard Smith, Sir Thomas
Howgan, Sir Lyonel Cranfeild, Sir John Heyward, Sir
Richard Grubham, Sir Lawrence Hyde, Knights.' John
Walter, Richard Martin, John Wroth, John Walstenholme,
Richard Chamberlaine, Nicholas Hyde, William Garraway,
George Thorpe, Jerom Heydon Esquires. George Cham-
berlane, Wm Caninge, Mei^cJiants. Anthony Hinton Doc-
tor in Physic, Richard Tomhns JEsquire, John Hayward
clerk, WiUiam Payne Esquire, Morris Abbot merchant,
Charles Anthony Goldsmith, Anthony Abdey, William
Aderley, Arthur Bromfeild, George Barkley merchants,
John Banks r)iercer, Christopher Baron, Edward Bishop,
Jo. Britton, Nicholas Benson, Thomas Church, Thomas
Covel, Abram Cartwright, Allen Cotton, Christopher CHth-
ere, Richard Caswell, Abram Chamberloin, Edw. Ditch-
feild Salter, Abram Dawes, Jo: Dike, John Delbridge,
George Etheridge, Nicholas Exton, Richard Edwards,
Nicholas Ferrer merchant, John Feme, Giles Francis,
AVilliam Felgate, Edward Fawcet, Jo. Fletcher, William
Greenwell merchant-tayler, Robert Gore merchant-tayler,
SIR THOMAS ROE
THE SOMERS ISLAND CHARTER. 771
Jo : Gearing Ralph Hamer merchant-tayJer, George Hol-
man, Leonard Harvvood, John Hodges, Robert Johnson
grocer, Thomas Jadwhi, Thomas Johnson, PhiL Jacobson.
Ralph King, Jo, Kirrell, Thomas Lever, Edward Lukin,
Richard Maplesden, Richard Morer, Thomas Noringcot,
William Nichols, Robert Offley mercltt, William Palmer,
Richard Paulson, Ileildebrand Pruson, William Quick,
Richard Rogers, Elias Roberts merchant-tayJor , George
Robins, George Scot, Edmund Scot, George Swinhoe,
Abram Speckard, Cleophas Smith, Robert Smith, Mat.
Sheppard, George Smith grocer, John Barnard, Henry
Timberlake, William Welby Stationer, Thomas Wale, Rich-
ard Webb haberdasher, Thomas Welles, Thomas Wheat-
ley, John West grocer, Jo. Weld, John Wooddall, William
Webster, Gideon Delaun, John Osborne, Warren Smith
and Robert Philips, a charter of incorporation, by the name
of the Governor and Company of the City of London for
the plantation of the Somers Islands, with sole government
and power to make laws, conformable to the Laws of Eng-
land, etc.
[Mem. — Richard Hawkins sailed on his voyage for New
England in October, 1615.
Court Minutes of the East India Company, September
12, 1615, mentions the " Benefit of the Trade to the East
Indies to the King — and His Majesty's gracious inclination
and favour towards the Company," etc. " The Royal cus-
toms for the two last shq)S returned was about .£14.000.
while in the Queen's time Mr. Customer Smythe farmed all
of the Royal customs at £12,000." November 3, 1615.
'*' The East India Company desires the discovery of things
yet unknown or micertain for the future good of Pos-
teritye."]
772 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
CCCL. TOBACCO MEMORANDA.
Among tlie manuscripts of the Right Honorable the
Earl De la Warr at Knowle Park, County Kent, are the
following, relating to tobacco : —
" March 22'''' 1613-4. W. Shipman to Sir John Feme :
He says there was spent yearly in this kingdom .£200.000
or more on tobacco. He offers £5.000 a year as a present
to a nobleman of the court for an exclusive patent."
" Se2it. SO. 1615. Certificate of the quantity of Tobacco
in Portsmouth in The Flying Horse of Flushing, from
Virginia, 30'^'' Sej)t. 1615 ; From W. Budcl, one great roll
containing 105 lbs of Midding Tobacco." There is also
another certificate of February 10, 1616, which gives the
number of pounds as 104, showing the loss of weight
with time, which those who deal in tobacco have long been
familiar vdth.
There was also published this year : " An advice how to
plant Tobacco in England : and How to bring it to colour
and perfection ; to whom it may be profitable, and to whom
harmfuU. The vertues of the Hearbe in generall, as well
in the outward application as taken in Fume. With the
danger of the Spanish Tobacco. Written by C. T. Lon-
don, Printed by Nicholas Okes, and are to be sold by Wal-
ter Burre. 1615."
There had been many tracts issued in England, on the
tobacco question [pro and con.) ; in one of them we are
told that it was
" Better to be chokt with English hemp,
Then poisoned with Indian Tabacco."
Several historians of Virginia, who seem to me to be ever
prone to go even out of their way to give King James a
rap, have insinuated that " A Counterblast to Tobacco," by
that king, was wTitten against Virginia tobacco ; but this
tract was pubhshed in 1604, even before any colony was
planted in Virginia.
CAREW TO ROE. 773
[Mem. — " November 17'^ 1615, began the drawing of
the second great Lottery for Virginia, at the West end of
Saint Paules chui-ch." — Howes' Abridgement.]
CCCLI. EAST INDIA COMPANY TO THE LORD MAYOR.
From Remembrancia, City of London (1579-1*664), An-
alytical Index, pp. 290, 291.
" A Letter from the Governor and Assistants of the East
India Company to the Lord Mayor of London, stating that
the Court of Aldermen had been pleased, in the 27. Eliza-
beth, to bestow upon Captain John Martyn the next office or
place that might fall void ; since which the office of Judge
of the sheriffs' Court, becoming void by the surrender of Mr.
Morgan, had been given, during Captain Martyu's absence
in Virginia, to Sir Edward Mosely, Knight, who held the
next reversion. They prayed the Court to restore him
[Martyn] to his ancient right according to his grant. [The
names of the Governor and eight Assistants are appended.]
" ir^ December, 1615."
CCCLII. CAREW TO ROE.
LETTERS FROM CAREW TO ROE. CAMDEN SOCIETY, 1860,
PAGE 27.
" There is nothinge this last sommer performed either by
the Norwest or Northeast for the discoverye of the passage
to the East Indies ; I pray God that this next yere may have
better successe. The plantation att Virginia and Bermuda
sleepes, frome whence I can send your Lordship no relation.
I thanke you for your letter from the Cape of Good Hope,
and as you may, I pray you to lett me understand of your
proceedinges in that eastern world. . . .
" Savoy, 24 Januarye 1615 " [0. S.].
[Mem. — Captain Daniel Tucker's commission as gov-
774 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
ernor of the Bermudas is dated February 15, 1616. See
the " Memorials of the Bermudas," by Lefroy.
March 6. " A Bill of Adventure of £12 10^ granted to
M" Simon Codrington, being one share of land in Virginia."
— From the Records of the Virginia Company. This is the
first entry of the kind which I have found. In 1617, and
after, these shares began to acquire a value, and were fre-
quently bought and sold.
March 19. " Sii' Walter Raleorhe is enlardgfed out of
the Tower, and is to go his journey to Guiana ; but re-
maynes unpardoned untill his retourne ; he left his man-
sion in the Tower the 19"' day of this monethe " [March,
1616]. — Carew to Roe.]
CCCLIII. A BRIEF DECLARATION.
In 1885, while hunting for the tract, " State of the Col-
ony and affaires in Virginia. London, 1616," which is
mentioned in. the Ternaux Compans Catalogue, I received
the following note from a friend in England, which explains
itself : —
British Museum, July 17, 1885.
. . . '* With regard to the entry in the Ternaux Com-
pans Catalogue, I have found in the Grenville Collection a
small tract of 8 pages ; but the said tract is without title-
page. There is a date of ^ April 1616,' written upon page 1,
and the Museum authorities have queried the date [1616?].
" I beheve this to be the work mentioned in the Ternaux
Catalogue. Yours obediently,
'' R. English."
As it refers to " Nova Britannia " [LXVIII.] as having
been written " about seaven yeares before," and then speaks
of June 25 as in the future, I suppose it was written be-
tween February and June, 1616, probably in " April 1616."
Possibly the writer of this date got it from the title-page,
now lost. The original in the Museum is the only one that
I know of. It is a valuable official document.
A BRIEF DECLARATION. 775
" By His Maiesties Counseil for Virginia.
" A Briefe Declaration of the present state of things in
Virginia, and of a Division to be now made, of some part of
those Lands in our actuall possession, as well to all such as
have adventured their money es, as also to those that are
Planters there.
" When first it pleased God to move his Maiesties minde,
at the humble suit of sundry his loving subjects, to yeeld
unto them his gracious Priviledge for the Virginia Planta-
tion, it was a thing seeming strange and doubtfuU in the
eye of the World, that such and so few Vnder-takers should
enterprise a charge of that waight, as rather beseemed a
whole State and Commonwealth to take in hand. But such
was the successe of their sundry attempts, in the happy dis-
coverey of so goodly a Land, the Description of which, for
the excellencie of the climate and fertihtie tliereof , had soone
obtayned to lay such an assured ground of future hope, in
the sence and understanding of all men rightly weighing it,
that not long after, their new Letters Patents, with more
ample priviledges granted by his Maiestie, were almost filled
with many hundred Names, both Honourable, and others of
all sorts, that gave their hands and consent to further and
uphold that honourable action.
" Vpon which encouragement of so many worthy Patrons,
the Companie very deepely engaged themselves, in sending
Men and Ships, Cattle, and all kinde of provisions, with
Governours and Captaines for peace and war, insomuch as
no earthly meanes seemed then wanting for the speedy re-
ducing of that barbarous Nation, and savage people, to a
quiet Christian Common-wealth.
" But such was the will of Almighty God, as the world
well knoweth, that this great hope and preparation, by
many disasters on Sea and Land, too long to be here recited,
was in a manner cleane defeated, and there onely remained
a poore remnant of those Men and Women, Cattle and pro-
visions, that escaped the danger and which are now remayn-
ing there to rayse and build up that intended Colonie.
776 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
" Which when those Gentlemen th' adventurers here saw,
and that the expectance of so great a preparation brought
nothino- home but adverse successe and bad reports, they
for the most part withdrew themselves, in despaire of the
enterprize, and so gave it over, not enduring to repay re the
mines, nor to supply what themselves had underwritten, to
discharge the deepe engagement, whereinto the Company
was drawne by their encouragement.
" By whose Vnconstancie and irresolution, the hope of
that Plantation, together with the lives of our people there,
had then utterly perished, had not God's secret purpose
beene more strongly fixed to uphold the same, by stirring
up the mindes and undaunted spirits of a very small rem-
nant of constant Adventurers, that with Sir Thomas Smith
(their Treasurer and Governor from the beginning) in all
that time of three yeares disaster, were never discouraged,
nor withdrew themselves from weekly Courts and meetings,
yeelding their purses, credit and Counseil, from time to time,
to make new supplies, even beyond their proportion, to up-
hold the Plantation.
" Insomuch as by the favourable assistance of God, who
in his owne wisdome doth oftentimes effect the greatest ends
by weakest means, it is now come to passe, that our English
Colonic there, subsisteth in a very good and prosperous con-
dition : They sow and reape their Corne in sufficient propor-
tion, without want or impeachment ; their Kine multiply al-
ready to some hundreds, their Swine to many thousands,
their Goates and Poultry in great numbers, every man hath
house and ground to his owne use, and now being able to
maintaine themselves with food, they are also prepared and
ready, once having the meanes, to set upon the Minerals,
whereof there are many sorts ; as also to plant and how such
severall Kindes of Seeds and Fruits, as may best befit the
Soyle and Climate, to make the Land profitable to them-
selves and th' Adventurers.
" This being a true Relation of the present state and hope
of things in Virginia, wee thought good in this short man-
A BRIEF DECLARATION. 777
ner to mention it by the way, as well to give those worthy
Governors in Virginia their deserved praise, for the unspeak-
able paines and hazzard which they have endured there, in
framing the people and Plantation to so happy a forme, as
also to withdraw the despayring thoughts of such old re-
tyred Adventurers, that make no other reckoning, but what-
soever hath beene si)ent upon the name of Virginia to be
lost and cast away ; the special purpose of this our Publica-
tion, being to another end, which for the further satisfying
of all reasonable minded, wee wiU now in few words deliver.
" It was published to the world, about seaven years since,^
and the time is now expired, wherein wee promised to cause
a Di\ddent to be made of the Lands in Virginia, as well to
every mans person that went himselfe to the Plantation, as
to every particular man that had adventured his money.
" And in as much as we are now by the Natives liking
and consent, in actuall possession of a great part of the
Country, the other part not as yet freed from encumber of
woods and trees, nor thoroughly survayed,^ whereby to
make a Divident of the whole : yet of that part which is
now fit for Plantation, we intend, God willing to beginne a
present Division by Lot to every man that hath already
adventured his money or person, for every single share of
twelve pounds tenne shillings, fifty Acres of Land, till fur-
ther opportunitie vd\[ afford to divide the rest, which we
doubt not will bring at least two hundred Acres to every
single share.
" This Division is intended to be done by a new Gov-
ernor with Commissioners and surveyers to be sent from
hence to ioyne with others that are there already,^ to give
every man his Lot in due proportion, according to such
indifferent ^ Directions as shall be oriven them in charjje.
1 This evidently refers to LXVIII., ^ That is, impartial.
" Nova Britannia," February 18, 1609. Charles Campbell, hi his History of
' The council evidently had surveys Virginia (edition 18G0, p. 116), refer-
of the rivers and adjacent lands. ring to Chalmers' Introduction, vol. i.
It was afterwards determined to p. 10, says : " The year of 161.5 is
send Captain Argall as the new gov- remarkable in Virginia history for the
ernor. first establishment of a fixed property
778 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
" And for as much as this course of sending a Governor
with Commissioners and a Survayor, with Men, Shij)s, and
sundry provisions, for fortifications and other occasions ;
as all men may conceive, cannot bee effected without great
charge and expence to the Company ; it is therefore thought
requisite, and determined, that so many Adventurers as will
partake of this first Divident, shall present their Names,
with their number of shares, into a Booke remayning at
Sir Thomas Smith's for that purpose, before the 25. of
June next.
" And they shall also promise under their handes, to con-
tribute to the said charge, the summe of twelve pounds ten
shillings to be paid within one Monetli after subscrij)tion,
whether his shares be more or lesse, except any man shall
be pleased to adventure more, and for which twelve pound
ten shillings (or more if hee will) he shall also have a further
Divident of land in proportion, as for all other his monies
formerly adventured. But for such as are not able to lay
downe present monie, if they shall desire favour, it is agreed
for them, that the Treasurer may receive the one half e of their
said adventure in present money, after their underwriting,
to furnish out the ships, and the other halfe at six moneths
after that.
" And that no man may hereafter excuse himselfe by
ignorance, nor taxe the Company for concealing their pur-
pose, we declare to all men, that this present Division is to
be onely in the Lands lying along the Kings River on both
sides, and all about the new Townes erected ; in which so
many as shall give in their names as aforesaid, may have
their parts, and those that will not, may at their pleasure
forbeare till hereafter, to take their Lot upon the same
tearmes in places more remote.
" The Names of all such as will partake of this Divident,
shall be given in writing to the Commissioners before they
in the soil, fifty acres of land being reform was brought about mainly by
granted by the company to every free- the influence of Sir Thomas Dale, one
man in absolute right. This salutary of the best of the early governors."
A BRIEF DECLARATION. 779
goe hence, at whose returne they shall bring with them a
perfect Map and Description of the said lands and ground
di\aded, that every man may see and know in what condi-
tion and where his land lyeth, that accordingly he may dis-
pose thereof at his pleasure, eyther by going himselfe in
person to possesse it, or by sending famihes to manure it
for yearely rent, or for haKe the cleare profits as many
others doe.
" And furthermore, every man's portion allotted to him,
shall be confirmed as state of inheritance to him and his
heyers for ever, with bounds and limits under the Compa-
nies Scale, to be holden of his Maiestie, as of his Manour of
East Greenwich, in Socage Tenure, and not in Capite,
according to his Maiesties gracious Letters Patents already
granted to the Virginia Company in that behalfe.
" And notwithstanding, as we hope, the chiefe brunt and
doubt of that Plantation is now overpast, whereof to their
great charofe and hazzard the old Adventurers have endured
the most difficult part, and might therefore iustly appropri-
ate this present Divident to themselves, yet at the motion
and desire of many Gentlemen and others intending to be
new-adventurers, it is resolved and granted by the Com-
pany, that all new-Adventurers, subscribing and performing
the conditions before mentioned, for twelve pounds tenne
shillings, or more, shall, partake in proportion as freely in
this present Divident, and in any other priviledge and free-
dome in Virginia, as if with the Old Adventiu-ers they had
been partakers from the beginning.
'' FINIS."
[Mem. — March 26, 1616. Robert Bileth, master, and
William Baffin, pilot, sailed on Baffin's fifth voyage for
the discovery of a passage to the Northwest. Eight ships
sailed to the New England coast in the first half of 1616.
Richard Vines was probably in command of one of these
vessels. I believe that ships were sent to this coast from
England each year during 1607-16, either by the Lon-
780 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
don Company of Virginia, Sir Francis Popliam, Sir Fercli-
nando Gorges, the merchants of London or Bristol, or by
other EngHshmen ; but the masters of these ships were gen-
erally not " given to writing," and the records of their
voyages are chiefly wanting.
CCCLIV. SMITH'S MAP OF NEW ENGLAND.
This map of New England, " observed and described by
Captayne John Smith," drawn by Robert Gierke, engraved
by Simon Pass and printed by George Low, was first issued,
I believe, with CCCLV. It was reviewed in its different
conditions by Mr. James Lenox and Mr. Charles Deane in
" Curiosities of American Literature," in " Norton's Literary
Gazette," March 15 and May 1, 1854.
I doubt if it was drawn from Smith's surveys (although
he says so). It does not retain any of the original names
given by the EngHsh, French, or Dutch discoverers, and I
believe that these old landmarks of Gosnold, Weymouth,
and others were suppressed by him,^as their presence would
have invalidated his claim that the map was engraved from
an original survey made by himself in 1614, and that pre-
vious mxaps of the coast were of no value. I think it will
be readily seen that CLVIII. is equally as valuable as
CCCLIV., if not more so, for this region.
The maps with Smith's works, for cogent reasons, were
the only maps of the colonies engraved in England, thus
becoming public property, and the only authority in the
premises accessible to the public. The more valuable orig-
inal maps, retaining the names given by the original dis-
<coverers, remained in manuscript in the hands of the lawful
•guardians, and have never been accessible to the public.
Only three of these have been found, and they are now
given to the public for the first time. XLVL, LVIL, and
CLVIII. Avill give an idea of the capacity of the surveyors,
and LVIII. will serve as an illustration of the capacity of
the draughtsmen employed by the managers of the Amer-
ican enterprises.
SMITH'S DESCRIPTION OF NEW ENGLAND. 781
CCCLV. SMITH'S DESCRIPTION OF NEW ENGLAND.
" A Description of New England : Or the Observations,
and discoveries, of Captain John Smith (Admirall of that
Country) in the North of America, in the year of our Lord
1614 : with the siiccesse of sixe ships that went the next
yeare 1615 ; and the accidents befell him among the French
men of warre : With the proofe of the present benefit this
Countrey affords, whither this present yeare, 1616, eight
voluntary ships are gone to make farther tryall. At Lon-
don Printed by Humfrey Lownes, for Robert Clerke ; and
are to be sould at his house called the Lodge, in Chancery
lane, over against Lincolnes Inne, 1616."
This tract was entered at Stationers' Hall for publication
June 3, 1616, by Robert Clerke under the hands of Master
Sanford and Master Lownes Warden. At the end of the
tract is printed : " At London printed the 18. of June, in
the yeere of our Lord 1616."
An original of this tract is worth, in perfect condition,
about $300. It was reprinted by the Massachusetts His-
torical Society in 1837 ; by Peter Force, at Washington, in
1838, and it was again reprinted at Boston in 1865. The
tract is dedicated " to the High Hopeful Charles, Prince of
Great Britaine," and there is a flavor of fun in the dressing
somewhat similar to that which obtained with Coryat's crud-
ities, brought out in 1611 under the patronage of Prince
Henry, with panegyric poetry and high-flying dedications.
Smith gravely tells Prince Cliarles, " In my discovery of
Virginia, I presumed to call two nameless Headlands after
my Soveraignes heires. Cape Henry and Cape Charles,"
when, in fact, Smith was a prisoner at that time. He tells
the Adventurers for New England, as to his being taken
prisoner at sea in 1615, " that foure men of Warre, pro-
vided as they were had been sufficient to have taken Samp-
son, Hercules and Alexander the Great, no other way
furnisht then I was." But this peer of " Sampson, Hercules
782 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
and Alexander tlie Great " overlooks the fact that his ship
escaped, while he alone was taken. After this incident
he seems to have been dubbed " Admiral " by the North
Virginia Company ; but they trusted him with no more
ships.
The dedications offer his services to many people to do
many things. The poetry lauds him to the skies, and yet
it all results in nothing ; no one employs him to do any of
these things, and I think that his patrons were catering to
his vanity, as was the case with the Coryat book.
[Mem. — Sir Thomas Dale sailed from Virginia on the
Treasurer, and reached Plymouth on the last day of May,
1616. He reached London some time in June. What doc-
uments, letters, etc., were brought I do not know ; but he
brought a very interesting party of people, including our
old friend Molina, Pocahontas, Rolfe, and others ; he started
with Lymbry, also, but had executed him on the way.
Dale's time in Virginia is a wonderfully interesting period
of our history.
There had been sent to Virginia from England about
1,650 persons. Dale left 205 officers and laborers, 81
farmers, and 65 women and children, " which in all amount-
eth to three hundred and fifty-one persons — a small num-
ber to advance so great a worke," says Rolfe. Probably
about three hundred had returned to England at different
times, and about 1,000 had died on the voyage or in Vir-
ginia. When Dale left, Captain Smaley was in command at
Henrico, and Mr. William Wickham was minister there.
Captain Yeardley at Bermuda Nether Hundred, and Mr.
Alexander Whitaker, minister ; Captain Madison at West
and Sherley Hundred ; Lieutenant Sharpe at Jamestown,
and Mr. Richard Buck, minister ; Captain George Webb at
Kequoughtan, and Mr. William Mease (or Mays), minister
there ; and Lieutenant Cradock at Dale's Gift.
Dale sent the follo\\ing letter from Plymouth, soon after
he arrived there.]
DALE TO WINWOOD. 783
CCCLVIi. DALE TO WIXWOOD.
FROM STATE PAPER OFFICE, LONDON, ENGLAND.
Sir Thomas Dale to Sir Ralfe Wynwood.
" Ryght honourable — having bin much bound unto
you for many favours as yet not deserved by me because
the oecatyone hath not bin presented, wherby I myght tes-
tyfye my thankfuUnes unto your honour, I shoud accont
myself happye to embrase som subject to demonstrat my
fayghtfull love & servyse unto you.
" May it please your honor to understand that I am by
the myghtye power of the Allmyghty God, saufly retourned
from the hardest taske that ever I undertooke & by the
blessinge of God have ^yiih pour means left the CoUonye in
great prosperytye & pease contrarye to mauye mens Exspec-
tatyon. This ship hath brought horn exceedinge good to-
baco, sasafrix pych, potashes Stiu-gyon & cavyarye & other
such lyk commodytyes as yet that countrye yeldes. I shall
with the greatest speed the Wynd wyll suffer me present
myself unto you and gyve you full satysfactyon of thos
parts, how benyfycyall this admyralble (sic) countrye wyll
be for oure State I know you are not Ignorant of, both for
the emtyinge of our fidl bodye & the mayntenance of our
shipinge (all thiuges nessysarye ther unto, beinge ther to be
had) & that countrye being Inhabyted by his Majestyes
subjects Avyll put such a byt Into our ainchent enymyes ^
mouth as wyll curbe his hautynes of monarcliie. I shall
gyve your honor great encouragements that this Vergynia
affords (at my aryvall) to spure us forwards to Inhabyt
there If his Majestye wishes to posses one of the goodly est
& rychest kingdoms of the world, & Indeed so fytt for no
state as ours. If yt shall please you honerable fathers of our
State to thinke seryouslye one yt & his Majestye thorowly
to undertake yt — The which I becheth the lord to grant of
his Infynyt mersye & so I humblye commend my dutye &
^ The Spaniard.
784 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULy, 1616.
servyse unto your honour, from plemoth this 3. of June
1616.
" Youre honners to commaund.
"Thomas Dale."
Indorsed: "To the right Ho^^« S"^ Ralfe Wynwood K'
Principall Secretary to his Ma*'^
" Plymouth, 3° Junij 1616, from S' Tho : Dale."
CCCLVI^. CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH TO QUEEN ANNE.
The following letter was first published, I beHeve, in
Smith's " General History " (pp. 121, 122), without date ;
but with these prefatory lines : —
" And before she [Pocahontas] arrived at London, Cap-
taine Smith to deserve her former courtesies, made her qual-
ities knowne to the Queene's most excellent Majestic and her
Court, and writ a little booke to this effect to the Queene :
An abstract whereof followeth."
It appears from the above that the " little booke " was
sent to the Queen early in June, 1616 ; but the sending of
it has been doubted. It stands on Smith's assertion very
much as LXIV. does; neither were pubHshed by Purchas,
and neither by Smith until 1624. Both are untrustworthy ;
but they are fair samples of Smith's " General History."
" To the most high and vertuous Princess, Queene Anne of
Great Brittaine.
" Most admu-ed Queene,
" The love I beare my God, my King and Countrie, hath
so oft emboldened mee in the worst of extreme dangers,
that now honestie doth constraine mee presume thus farre
beyond myself, to present your Maiestie this short discourse :
if ingratitude be a deadly poyson to all honest vertues, I
must bee guiltie of that crime if I should omit any meanes
to bee thankfuU.
CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH TO QUEEN ANNE.
785
" So it is, That some ten yeares ^ agoe being in Virginia,
and taken prisoner by the power of Powhatan ^ a relation to
their chiefe King, I received from this great Salv- Anne"*of
age exceeding great courtusie, especially from Pocahontixs.
his Sonne Nantaquaus, the most manUest, comeliest, boldest
spirit, I ever saw in a Salvage, and his sister Pocahontas, the
Kinofs most deare and well-beloved dauohter, beins" but a
cliilde of twelve or thirteene yeeres ^ of age, whose compas-
sionate pitifull heart, of my desperata estate, gave me much
cause to respect her : I being the first christian this proud
King and his grim attendants ever saw : and thus inthralled
in their barbarous power, I cannot say I felt the least occa-
sion of want that was in the power of those my mortall foes
to prevent, notwithstanding al their threats. After some
SLK weeks ^ fatting amongst those Salvage Courtiers, at the
minute of my execution, she hazarded the beating out of
her owne braines ^ to save mine ; and not onely that, but so
^ As Smith was taken prisoner in
December, 1607, we would infer from
this sentence that this letter was writ-
ten about December, 1617, or nearly
a year after the death of Pocahontas.
I can readily understand why Smith's
vanity made him "apropriate many
deserts to himself which he never per-
formed," and why his envy made him
" stuff his relaeyons with so many f al-
seties and malycyous detractyons " of
others ; but why he is nearly always
inaccurate in his dates and periods of
time has puzzled me greatly. Correct
dates are essential to history.
^ He was taken by Opechancanough,
chief of the Pamaunkeys.
* The time here referred to is De-
cember, 1607. Smith has told us in
LIV. that she was ten years old in
May, 1608.
* This sentence is not trustworthy ;
it begins with an untruth. He was
certainly not a prisoner over three
weeks in all.
* Tliis incident has been fully dis-
cussed. It is one of the afterthoughts
of Smith's General History. Smith was
a negative hero. He praises himself
and abuses his peers, which heroes are
not wont to do. He does not save wo-
men as heroes usually do ; but women
save him, in every quarter of the
globe, save Africa — Turk, Tartar, and
Indian. Why did he slight the negro ?
He was as much a character of his
time as Thomas Coryat and Artherus
Severus Nonesuch O'Toole, and evi-
dently afforded as much amusement to
the poets and wits of the day. His
women incidents are thus taken off by
Richard Brathwait : —
" Two greatest Shires of England did tliee beare,
Renowned Torkshire, Gaunt-stild Lancashire ;
But what 's all this ? even Earth, Sea, Heaven
above,
Tragabigzanda, Callamata's love,
Deare Pocahontas, Madam Shanoi's too.
Who did what love with modesty could doe :
Record tliy worth, thy birth, wliieli as I live,
Even in tliy reading such clioice solace give.
As I could \visli (such wishes would doe well)
Many such Smith's in this our Israel."
Brathwait was quite a famous poet.
786 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
prevailed vnih. her father, that I was safely conducted to
Jamestowne : where I found about eight and thirtie miser-
able jDOore and sicke creatures, to keepe possession of all
those large territories of Virginia ; ^ such was the Aveaknesse
of this poore commonwealth, as had the Salvages not fed us,
we directly had starved. And this rehefe, most gracious
Queene, was commonly brought us by this Lady Pocahontas.
" Notwithstanding all these passages, when inconstant
Fortune turned our peace to warre, this tender Virgin would
still not spare to dare to visit us, and by her our jarres have
beene oft appeased, and our wants still supplyed ; were it
the policie of her father thus to imploy her, or the ordinance
of God thus to make her his instrument, or her extraordi-
narie affection to our Nation, I know not : but of this I am
sure ; when her father with the utmost of his policie and
power, sought to surprize mee, having but eighteene " with
mee, the darke nio;ht could not affrio;ht her from comming-
through the irkesome woods, and with watered eies gave me
intelHgence,^ with her best adA-ice to escape his f urie ; which
had liee knowne, bee had surely slaine her.
He wrote Drunken Bnrnahy^s Four story he asserts that on his return he,
Journeys to the North of England," in "with the hazard of his life, with
which occur the often quoted lines : — sakre falcon and musket shot " pre-
,, __, T« t n > vented the abandonment of the coun-
" To Banbury came I, O profane One !
"Where I saw a puritane one try ; that he " layd those by the heeles "
Hanging of his cat on Monday who brought charges against him ; that
For killing of a mouse on Sundaj-." -uiiiiii-i. -Ui. ii _
^ •'he had but thirty-eight men to keep
^ It is true there were only from that great country ; that once in eyery
thirty-eight to forty-five Englishmen four or five days Pocahontas saved
at Jamestown on the morning of Jan- their lives by bringing in provisions,
uary 2, 160;. when Smith returned ; and that finally Newport arrived. The
but Ratcliffe, and not Smith, was in condemned prisoner of a single day
authority at the time. The account of presents himself to us as the Lord and
this time in the General History is Master of a week or more,
very misleading. Smith evidently ^ There were thirty-eight English
feels the great weakness of his case, and four Dutchmen present. This
and sees the necessity of strengthen- Pocahontas incident is another after-
ing his position. He reached James- thought of the General History. It is
town in the morning, was arrested, not in the account of this voyage in
tried and convicted, and his execution CCXLV.
was only prevented by the arrival ^ Another Pocahontas afterthought.
of Ne^vpo^t, with provisions, on the Her name does not occur in the nar-
evening of the same day. Yet in his rative of this event in CCXLV.
CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH TO QUEEN ANNE. 787
"James towne with her wild traine she as freely fre-
quented, as her fathers habitation ; and during the time of
two or three yeeres, she next under God, was still the instru-
ment to preserve this Colonie from death, famine and utter
confusion ; which if in those times, had once beene dissolved,
Virofinia mioht have line as it was at our first arrivall to
this day.^
" Since then, this businesse having beene turned and
varied by many accidents from that I left it at : it is most
certaine, after a long and troublesome warre after my de-
parture, betwixt her father and our Colonie ; all which time
shee was not heard of.
" About two yeeres after " shee herself e was taken pris-
oner, being so detained neere two yeeres longer, the Colo-
nie by that meanes was relieved, peace concluded ; and at
last rejectmg her barbarous condition, was maried to an
English gentleman, with whom at this present she is in
England ; the first Christian ^ ever of that Nation, the first
Virginian ever spake English, or had a cliilde"* in mariage
by an Englishman ; a matter surely, if my meaning bee truly
considered and well understood, worthy a Princes under-
standing.
" Thus, most gracious Lady, I have related to your Mai-
estie, what at your best leasure our approved Histories will
account you at large,^ and done in the time of your Maies-
ties life ; and however this might bee presented you from a
^ The success of the movement for in April, 1614, one year after her cap-
establishing English colonies in Araer- tare.
ica never depended on John Smitli or ^ This may not have been very wel-
Pocahontas ; but it seems evident that come news to Queen Anne ; in fact
the managers of the enterprise valued the letter does not seem very appro-
the services of Pocahontas much more priate to her, as her sympathies are
highly than they did those of Smith ; said to have been with the Roman
and Smith himself was probably fully Catholics at this time,
aware of this fact. * It has been asserted, on what au-
2 Smith was sent from Virginia as thority, I know not, that the child was
a prisoner early in October, 1609. born in England. It was evidently
Pocahontas was taken in April, 1613 ; born before this letter was written,
was converted, and afterwards married ^ The account at large referred to is
in CCCXXVII.
788 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1G14-JULY, 1616.
more worthy pen, it cannot from a more honest heart, as yet
I never begged anything of the state, or any : ^ and it is my
want of abihtie and her exceeding desert ; your birth, meanes
and authoritie ; hir bii'th, vertue, want and simpHcitie, doth
jnake mee thus bold, humbly to beseech your Maiestie to
take this knowledge of her, though it be from one so un-
worthy to be the reporter, as myselfe, her husbands estate
not being able to make her fit to attend your Maiestie.^ The
most and least I can doe, is to tell you this, because none so
oft hath tried it as myselfe, and the rather being of so great
a spirit, however her stature : if she should not be well re-
ceived, seeing this Kingdome may rightly have a Kingdome
by her meanes ; her present love to us and christianitie
might turne to such scorne and furie, as to divert all this
good to the worst of evill : where finding so great a Queene
should doe her some honour more than she can imagine, for
being so kinde to your servants and subjects, would so rav-
ish her with content, as endeare her dearest bloud to effect
that, your Majestic and all the Kings honest subjects most
earnestly desire.
" And so I humbly kisse your gracious hands."
^ Wingfielcl says he was an un- tas were concerned, and the writer
licensed beggar m Ireland before he seems to be well aware of this fact,
went to Virginia, and evidently during for although it is written ostensibly in
the last fifteen or twenty years of his her interest, it does not lose sight of
life, " he worked his self-asserted ser- the interest of Smith for a moment.
vices in America for all that they were Charles Dudley Warner well says,
worth," and not without some success. " Fortunate is the hero who links his
2 Her husband, John Rolfe, was of name romantically with that of a
a good family ; she was brought over woman." And this was Smith's forte ;
by, and was an object of great inter- according to his aceoont, " he was res-
est to, people of far greater influence cued and protected and felt reliefe
than Smith. The letter was superflu- from that sex in his greatest dangers "
oas so far as the interests of Pocahon- in nearly every quarter of the globe.
CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON, JUNE 22, 1616. 789
CCCLVII. CAREW TO ROE, JUNE, 1616.
FROM CAEEW TO ROE, CAMDEN SOC. PUB. 1S60, PAGE 36.
" Sir Thomas Dale retourned f rome Virginia : he hathe
brought divers men and women of that countrye to be edu-
cated here, and one Rolfe, who maried a daughter of
Pohetan (the barbarous prince) called Pocahuntus, hathe
brouo'ht his wife withe him into Enoland. The worst of
that plantation is past, for our men are well victualled by
there owne Industrie, but yett no proffit is retourned. In
the Bermudas little good is to be expected ; they make some
tobacco, but of other Industrie, I heare nothinge. Since
our plantation there the ratts are so multiplied, whereof
that island was free, as that they destroyed whatsoever is
planted."
CCCLVIII. CHAMBERLAIN TO CARLETON, JUNE 22, 1616.
FROM ENGLISH STATE PAPER OFFICE.
" Sir Frauncis Bacon has been sworn of the Counsaile
and was in election by every man's account to be presently
Lord Keeper ; but that rumor is since reasonablie cooled,
and yt is saide he must tarrie the time till he may be Lord
Chauncellor, for (as a Lady told the King) yt is to be
doubted he will never be a goode keeper. . . .
" Sir Thomas Dale is arrived from Virginia and brought
with him some ten or twelve old and younge of that Coun-
trie, among whom the most remarquable person is Poca-
huntas (daughter to Powatan a Kinge or cacique of that
Countrie) married to one Rolfe an Englishman : I heare not
of any other riches or matter of worth, but only some quan-
titie of Sassafras, tobacco, pitch and clapboord, things of
no great value unles there Avere more plentie and neerer
hand. All I can learne of yt is that the countrie is goode
to live in yf yt were stored with people and might in time
become commodious, but there is no present profit to be
790 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
expected : but you may understand more by himself [Sir
Thomas Dale] when he comes into those parts, which he
pretends to do within a moneth or little more." . . .
CCCLIX. ROLFE'S RELATION TO JAMES I.
KIMBOLTON MANUSCRIPTS, NO. 208.
" A true relation of the State of Virginia at the time
when Sir Thomas Dale left it in May, 1616." It is in the
form of a letter from John Rolf to Sir Robert Rich. This
is the same document which Rolf also sent " to the Kincf's
most Sacred Majestie." " It was carefully transcribed from
the Royall MSS.," and was published in the " Southern
Literary Messenger " for June, 1839 (vol. v. p. 401), from
which it was copied into Maxwell's " Virginia Historical
Register " for July, 1848, vol. i. No. iii. pp. ^101-113. It is
catalogued at the British Museum as " Royal MS. 18. A.
XI. John Rolf's Relation."
It gives a brief review of the colony from the beginning,
but is mainly devoted to giving the state of the colony in
the spring of 1616.
[Mem. — Soon after the return of Dale in the summer
of 1616, the company sent out " the first Magaziu " in a
small ship called the Susan.]
CCCLX. ABBOT'S GEOGRAPHY.
George Abbot, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury,
while master of University College, Oxford, wrote for his
pupils, " A Briefe Description of the whole world," gen-
erally known as " Abbot's Geography." The first edition
was published in 1599 ; the following is extracted from the
fifth edition, 1620 (I have no other), but the matter was
evidently written in 1616 or before, probably for the fourth
edition, which issued, I believe in 1617. The second edition
is dated 1600, and the third, 1608. The J. Carter-Brown
MARGARET RUSSELL-CLIFFORD
Coiinti'.'^s of Cninhfrltiud
ABBOT'S GEOGRAPHY. 791
Library has a copy of the third edition. The book con-
tains 172 unnumbered pages of nearly 350 words each.
Numerous editions have been printed, and it is not a high-
priced book.
It has never been reprinted in this country so far as I
know. It is interesting, as showing what was taught in
the schools of those days about the New World.
" A Briefe Description of the whole world. Wherein is
particularly described all the Monarchies, Empires and
Kingdomes of the same, with their Academies. Newly
augmented and enlarged ; with their severall Titles and
scituations thereunto adjoyning.
'• At London, Printed for John Marriot, and are to be
sold at his shop in Saint Dunston's Church Yard in Fleet-
street. 1620." [Title page.]
From the chapter " Of America, or the new World."
• • • " Among other strange opinions, which they con-
ceived of the Spaniards, this was one, that they were the
sons of some God, and not borne of mortall seed, but sent
downe from Heaven unto them ; and this conceit, was the
stronger in them, because at the first, in such conflicts as
they had with them, they could kill few or none of them ;
the reason whereof was, partly the Armour of the Spaniards,
and partly the want of Iron and Steele upon the Arrowes
which the Americans did shoote : but they were not very
long of that opinion, that they were immortal, but reformed
their errour, both by seeing the dead corses of some of the
Christians, and by trying an experiment upon some of them
also : for they tooke of them, and put their heads under
the water, and held them till they were choaked ; by which
they knew them to be of the same nature as other men.
" Among other points which did shew the great igno-
rance and unlettered stupiditie of these Indians, this was
one, that they could not conceive the force of writing of
Letters; in so much that when one Spaniard would send
unto another, being distant in place, in India, with any pro-
792 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
vision, and -would write a Letter by him, what the fellow
had received from him : The poore Indian would marvaile
how it should be possible that he to whom he came should
be able to know all things, which either himselfe brought,
or the sender directed : And thereupon divers of them did
thinke, that there was some kinde of Spirit in the Paper,
and marveilously stood in feare of such a thing as a Letter
was.
" This country yeeldeth great aboundance of strange
Hearbes, the like whereof are not to be found in other
parts of the world : as also some very rare Beasts." . . .
From the chapter " Of the parts of America towards the
North."
..." The French had built in Florida upon the river of
Mayo, where they were visited by our Sir John Hawkins, a
fort, which they called fort Carolin, and had reasonably
assured themselves for their defence against the natives :
but some malicious spirits amongst them fled to the Span-
iards, with whom they returned againe into Florida to the
murther and overthrow of their owne countrimen. . . .
" After this departure of the Spaniards out of Florida,
brought thither by Ferdinando de Soto, who died in the
Country ; after the defeat of the French, and their revenge
againe taken on the Spaniards, the King of Spaine sent
thither some small forces to take possession of the Country,
and set downe there j for no other end as it is thought, but
to keepe out other nations from entring there ; the one
halfe whereof set downe on the River of Saint Augustine,
and the other halfe a dozen leagcues from thence to the
Northward, at a place by them called Saint Helena.
" In the yeare 1586, as Sir Francis Drake came coasting
along from Carthagena, a citie in the maine land, to which
he put over, and tooke it after he departed from Sancto
Domingo, when the mortality that was amongst our English
had made them to give over their enterprise, to goe with
Nombre de Dios, and so overland to Pannania, there to
have stricken the stroake for the treasure ; as he was on
ABBOT'S GEOGRAPHY, 793
the coost of Florida, in the height of 30. our men de-
scribed on the shore a place built hke a Beacon, which was
made for men to discover to Seaward : so comming to the
shore, they marched along the Rivers side, till they came to
a fort built all of whole trees, which the Spaniards called
the Fort of Saint John, where the King entertained halfe his
forces that he then had in that Country, which were an
hundred and fiftie souldiers : the like number being at
Saint Helena, all of them under the Government of Petro
Melendez, Nephew to the Admirall Melendez, that a fifteene
or sixteene ye:ires before had beene to-bring with our Eng-
lish in the bay of Mexico ; ^ this fort our English tooke, and
not farre from thence the Towne also of Saint Auo^ustine
upon the same river, where resolving to undertake also the
enterprise of Saint Helena ; when they came to the havens
mouth where they should enter, they durst not for the dan-
gerous shols : wherefore they forsooke the place, coasting
along to Virginia, where they tooke in Mr. Ralphe Lane
and his Company, and so came into England, as you shall
heare when we speake of Virginia.
" In these Northerne parts of America, but especially
within the maine Continent, some have written (but how
truely I cannot tell) that there is a Sea, which hath no
entercourse at all with the Ocean : so that if there be any
third place beside the Mare Caspium, and the Mare Mor-
tuum in Palestina, which retaineth in itselfe great saltnesse
and yet mingleth not with the other seas, it is in these
Countries. . . .
"The Englishmen also, desirous by Navigation to adde
something unto their owne Country, as before time they
had travailed toward the farthest North-part of America ;
so lately finding that part which lieth betweene Florida and
Nova Francia AVas not inhabited by any Christians, and was
^ Was Admiral Pedro Menendez de Vera Cruz near the end of September,
Avil^s in command of the Spanish 1568 ? The reference must be to this
fleet which made the attack on Cap- evenfe
tain John Hawkins in the Bay of
794 PERIOD IV. JULY, 1614-JULY, 1616.
a Land fruitfull and fit to plant in : they sent thither two
severall times, two severall Companies, as Colonies, to inhabit
that part, which in remembrance of the Virginity of their
Queene, they called Virginia. But this voyage being
enterprised upon by private men, and being not throughly
followed by the State, the possession of this Virginia, for
that time was discontinued, and the Country left to the old
inhabitants.
" There were some EngHsh people, who after they had
understood the calmnes of the Climate, and goodnes of the
Soyle, did upon the instigation of some Gentlemen of Eng-
land, voluntarily offer themselves, even with their wives and
children, to goe into those parts to inhabite ; but when the
most of them came there (upon some occasions) they
returned home againe the first time, which caused that the
second yeare, there was a great company transported thither,
who were provided of many necessaries, and continued there
over a whole winter, under the guiding of M. Lane : but
not finding any sustenance in the Country (which could
well brooke with their nature, and being too meanely pro-
vided of Corne and victuals from England) they had like to
have perished with famine ; and therefoxe thought them-
selves happy when Sir Francis Drake, comming that way
from the Westerne Indies, would take them into his ships,
and bring them home into their native Country. Yet
some there were of those EngHsh, which being left behinde,
ranged up & down the Country (and hovering about the
Sea Coast) made meanes at last (after their enduring much
misery) by some Christian ships to be brought back againe
into England.
" While they were there inhabiting there were some chil-
dren borne, and baptized in those parts, and they might
well have endured the Country, if they might have had
such strength as to keepe off the inhabitants from troubling
them in tilling the ground, and reaping such corne as they
would have sowed.
" Againe in the daies of our now raigning soveraigne.
ABBOT'S GEOGRAPHY. 795
in the yeare of our Lord 1606. the English planted them-
selves in Virginia, under the degrees 37. 38. 39. where they
doe to this day continue, and have built three Townes and
forts, as namely James-towne and Henrico ; fort Henricke,
and fort Charles, with others, which they hold and inhabite ;
sure retreats for them against the force of the natives, and
reasonable secured places against any power that may come
against them by Sea.
" In the same height, but a good distance from the coast
of Virginia, lyeth the Hand called by the Spaniards, La
Bermuda, but by our English the Summer Hands, which of
late is inhabited also by our Countrimen.
" North-ward from them on the Sea Coast, lieth Norum-
bega, which is the South part of that which the Frenchmen
did, without disturbance of any Christian, for a time pos-
sesse. For the French-men did discover a large part of
America, toward the circle Articke, and did build there
some Townes, & named it of their own country Nova Fran-
cia." . . .
Abbot then refers to the voyages of Frobisher to the
Northwest, to Newfoundland fish. Sir Francis Drake in Nova
Albion, etc. The two chapters on America, from which I
have made the foregoing extracts, contain a total of 9,000
words.
[Mem. — There are some remarks on " Foreign Planta-
tions and Colonies " in Bacon's Advice to Viscount Villiers,
which was probably first written in the summer of 1616, but
I do not think it necessary to give them herein, as they have
been frequently printed, and as Bacon's ideas in the prem-
ises will be found given at greater length in CCCLXIIL]
ILLUSTRATIVE DOCUMENTS.
The following documents (CCCLXI. to CCCLXV.) were
written after the special period of which we treat ; but they
are given for several special reasons.
CCCLXI. HIS MAJESTY'S COUNCIL FOR THE VIRGINIA
COMPANY.
FEOM DUEE OF MANCHESTER RECORDS. EIMBOLTON MANU-
SCRIPTS, NO. 2SS.
A part of this document really belongs to this period, and
a part to a little later time ; but it seems best to give the
whole of it, rather than an extract ; especially as the men
were members of the company before 1617. '
The names from the Earl of Bath to George Thorpe
were probably added to the council during 1613-16 ; from
Tufton to Greenewell, diu-ing 1617-18 ; and the remainder
were probably appointed under the Warwick-Sandys agree-
ment in the spring of 1619.
" The names of such as have bin chosen to be of his Ma-
jesties Councell for Virginia since the date of the third
Pattent —
William [Bourchier] Earle of Bathe.
Sir Robert Phillips, Knight.
Sir John Davers, Knight.
Sir Lionell Cranfield Knight.
Sir Anthoine Aucher.
John Wroth Esquier.
Richard Chamberlaine, merchant.
Robert Johnson, merchant.
George Thorpe.
Sir Nicholas Tufton, Knight.
BROADSIDE BY THE VIRGINIA COUNCIL. 797
James [Hay] Lord Viscount Doncaster.
Sir Henry Rainsford.
Sir Francis Egioke.
Captaine George Yardely.
Mr. Morris Abbot, merchant.
Mr. Robert Offley, merchant.
Sir Edward Harwood.
Mr. William Greenewell merchant.
Robert [Rich] Earle of Warwicke.
Sir Thomas Cheeke.
Sir Nathaniel Rich.
John Farrar, merchant.
Captaine Nathaniel Butler.
Robert Heath, Esquier, Recorder of the Citie of London.
Thomas Gibbe Esquier."
CCCLXII. BROADSIDE BY THE VIRGINIA COUNCIL.
This is one of the documents preserved by Mr. John
Smith of Nibley. Mr. Charles H. Kalbfleisch of New York
has an original, and I know of no other.
Its exact date is uncertain ; but it was written some time
in the winter of 1616-17 probably, after the period we
are specially treating ; but as it has never been printed in
this country, and as it is really illustrative of Dale's govern-
ment, I have concluded to give it.
" By his Majesties Councell for Virginia.
" Whereas upon the returne of Sir Thomas Dale Knight,
(Marshall of Virginia) the Treasurer, Councell and Com-
pany of the same, have beene throughly informed and as-
sured of the good estat of that Colony, and how by the
blessing of God and good government, there is great plentie
and increase of Corne, Cattell, Goates, Swine, and such other
provisions, necessary for the hfe and sustenance of man ;
And that there wants nothins: for the setlinor of that Chris-
tian Plantation, but more hands to gather and returne those
798 ILLUSTRATIVE DOCUMENTS.
commodities which may bring profit to the Adventurers, and
encouragement to others : And whereas thereupon the Com-
pany hath given a commission to Captaine Samuel Argol
to be the present Governour of that Colonic, who hath
undertaken to transport and carry thither a certain number
of men, upon his owne charge, and the charge of other his
friends ^ that joyne with him in that Voyage ; in which
divers men of good qualitie have resolved to adventure, and
to goe thither themselves in person, and to carry with them
their wives, their children and their families, whereby in
short time (by the favour and assistance of Almighty God)
that good worke may be brought to good perfection, by the
division and setting out of lands to every particular person,
the setling of trade, and returne of Commodities to the con-
tentment and satisfaction of all Well affected Subjects,
which eyther love the advancement of Rehgion, or the hon-
our and welfare of this kingdome : Wee his Majesties
Treasurer, Councell and Company for the same Plantation,
have thought good to declare and make knowne to all men
by these presents, that wee have resolved to give free leave
and license to any who are now remaining in Virginia, at
his will and pleasure to returne home into England, which
liberty wee doe likewise grant and confirme unto all those
which hereafter from time to time shall goe thither in per-
son, without any other restraint, then to aske leave of the
Governour (for the time being) to depart. And therefore
if any man be disposed to send any supply to his friends
there, or to send for any of his friends from thence, he may
hereby take notice, that he hath full power and meanes to
doe eyther of them at his good descretion.
" God save the King."
^ Among these was his brother, John liam Lovelace and of Captain Raphe
Argall, Esq. See sketches of Sir Wil- Hamor.
BACON'S ESSAY OF PLANTATIONS. 799
CCCLXIII. BACON'S ESSAY OF PLANTATIONS.
This essay bears internal evidence of having been revised
for publication between 1620 and 1624 ; but I believe it to
have been first written at an earlier date.
I give it as an illustrative document, and because I think
it will be interesting to compare Lord Bacon's essay with
the Broadsides of His Majesty's Council for the Virginia
Company, of which Lord Bacon was a member.
« Of Plantations.
" Plantations are amongst ancient, primitive, and heroical
works. When the World was young it begat more chil-
dren ; but now it is old, it begets fewer, for I may justly
account new plantations to be the children of former king-
doms. I like a plantation in a pure soil ; that is, where
people are not displanted, to the end to plant in others ; for
else it is rather an extirpation than a plantation. Planting
of countries is like planting of Woods ; for you must make
account to lose almost twenty years' profit, and expect
your recompense in the end : for the principal thing that
hath been the destruction of most plantations, has been the
base and hasty drawing of profit in the first years. It is
true, speedy profit is not to be neglected, as far as may stand
with the good of the plantation, but no farther. It is a
shameful and unblessed thing to take the scum of people
and wicked and condemned men, to be the people with
whom you plant ; and not only so, but it spoileth the plan-
tation ; for they will ever live like rogues, and not fall to
work, but be lazy, and do mischief, and spend victuals, and
be quickly weary, and then certify over to their country to
the discredit of the plantation. The people wdierewith you
plant ought to be gardeners, ploughmen, laborers, smiths,
carpenters, joiners, fishermen, fowlers, with some few apoth-
ecaries, surgeons, cooks and bakers. In a country of plan-
tation first look about what kind of victual the country
yields of itself to hand : as chesnuts, walnuts, pine-apples.
800 ILLUSTRATIVE DOCUMENTS.
olives, dates, plums cherries, Avild honey, and the like ; and
make use of them. Then consider what victual, or esculent
things there are, which grow speedily, and within the year :
as parsnips, carrots, turnips, onions, radish, artichokes of
Jerusalem, maize and the like : for wheat, barley, and oats,
they ask to much labor ; but with peas and beans you may
begin, both because they ask less labor, and because they
serve for meat as well as for bread ; and of rice Kkewise
cometh a great increase, and it is a kind of meat. Above
all there ought to be brought store of biscuit, oatmeal, flour,
meal, and the like, in the beginning, till bread may be had.
For beasts or bu-ds, take chiefly such as are least subject to
diseases and multiply fastest ; as swine, goats, cocks, hens,
turkeys, geese, house-dogs, and the like. The victual in
plantation ought to be expended almost as in a besieged
town ; that is with certain allowance ; and let the main part
of the ground employed to gardens or corn, be to a com-
mon stock ; and to be laid in, and stored up, and then de-
livered out in proportion ; besides some spots of ground
that any particular person will manure for his own pri-
vate use. Consider, Hkewise, what commodities the soil
where the plantation is doth naturally yield, that they may
some way helj) to defray the charge of the plantation ; so it
be not, as w\as said, to the untimely prejudice of the main
business as it hath fared with tobacco in Virginia. Wood
commonly aboundeth but too much ; and therefore timber
is fit to be one. If there be iron ore, and streams where-
upon to set the mills, iron is a brave commodity where wood
aboundeth. Making of bay-salt, if the climate be proper for
it, would be put in experience : growing silk, likewise, if any
be, is a likely commodity : pitch and tar, where store of firs
and pines are, wall not fail ; so drugs and sweet woods,
where they are, cannot but yield great profit : soap-ashes,
like^vise, and other things that may be thought of ; but moil
not too much under ground, for the hope of mines is very
uncertain, and useth to make the planters lazy in other
things.
EDWARD SACKVILLE
Fourth Earl of Dorset
BACON'S ESSAY OF PLANTATIONS. 801
" For government, let it be in the hands of one, assisted
with some counsel ; and let them have commission to exercise
martial laws, with some limitation ; and above all, let men
make that profit of being in the wilderness, as they have
God always and his service before their eyes : let not the
government of the plantation depend upon too many coun-
seUers and undertakers in the country that planteth, but
upon a temperate number : and let those be rather noble-
men and gentlemen, than merchants ; for they look ever to
the present gain.
" Let there be freedoms from custom, till the plantation be
of strength : and not only freedom from custom, but free-
dom to carry their commodities where they make their best
of them except there be some special cause of caution. Cram
not in people, by sending too fast company after company ;
but rather hearken how they waste, and send suppHes propor-
tionably ; but so as the number may Hve well in the planta-
tion, and not by surcharge be in peniu-y. It hath been a
great endangering to the health of some plantations, that
they have built along the sea and rivers, in marish and un-
wholesome grounds : therefore though you begin there, to
avoid carriage and other like discommodities, yet built still
rather upwards from the streams, than along. It concerneth
likewise the health of the plantation, that they have good
store of salt with them, that they may use it in their victuals
when it shall be necessary. If you plant where savages are,
do not only entertain them with trifles and gingles, but use
them justly and graciously, with sufficient guard neverthe-
less ; and do not win their favor by helping them to invade
their enemies, but for their defense it is not amiss ; and
send oft of them over to the country that plants, that they
may see a better condition than their own, and commend it
when they return.
" When the plantation grows to strength, then it is time
to plant with women as well as with men ; that the planta-
tion may spread into generations, and not be ever pieced
from without.
802 ILLUSTRATIVE DOCUMENTS.
" It is the sinf ullest thing in the world to forsake or desti-
tute a plantation once in forwardness ; for, besides the dis-
honor, it is the guiltiness of blood of many commiserable
persons."
CCCLXIV. MEMBERS OF PARLIAJVIENT IN VIRGINIA
COMPANY.
KIMBOLTON MANUSCBIPTS, NO. 371.
Indorsed : " The names of such as are of the Comons
house fi-ee of the Virginia Company, by M*^ Farrar."
In the Duke of Manchester Records, Kimbolton MSS.,
the following is placed under the questioned or uncertain
date, "[May 1623?]." The members aU belong to the
Parliament (February 12, 1624 -March 27, 1625), and the
hst was probably compiled in April, 1624, when " the Vir-
ginia qu.estion " was before the House. The list contains
forty-nine names. All of them are not in the second and
third charters; but they were all either members of the
Company hefore 1616, or icere the heirs of members.
(About 150 persons joined the company between March,
1612, and July, 1616, who are not named in the foregoing
documents.) I can identify seventy-five members of the
Parliament of 1624—25, as being members, also, of the
Virginia Company ; but probably there were others.
This list will give an approximate idea as to the position
held by the M. P.'s in the disputes of 1623-24 in the Vir-
ginia Company.
" The names of divers Knights, Cittizens and Burgesses of
the Lower house of Commons that are Adventurers and free
of the Virginia Company and yet have not had nor f oUowde
the buissiness for Sundry yeares.
Sir William Fleetwood. Sir Jhon Stradlyng'.
Sir Thomas Denton. Sir Baptist Hicks.
Sir Charles Barkly. Sir Arthur Ingram.
M" rJames Bag. M' [Richai-d] Leveson.
Sir Jhon Walter. M' Thomas Bonde.
ADDITIONAL MEMBERS.
803
Sir Greorge Moore.
Sir Jhon Cutts.
Sir Edmoud Bowyer.
Sir Henry Fane.
M' Delbridge.
Sir Thomas Jermin.
Sir James Perrott.
M' John Drake.
M' [Richard] Dyott.
Sir Oliver Cromwell.
M' [Richard] Knightly.
Sir Robert Cotton.
M' [John] Selden.
Sir George Calvert.
Sir Edward Conway.
Sir Edward Cecill.
Sir Robert Heath.
M' Jhon Arundell.
Sir Nicholas Tufton.
Sir George Goring.
M' Robert Batercan.
M' Martyn Bonde.
Sir Thomas Midleton.
Sir Robert Mansfeild.
Sir Dudley Digges.
Sir Humfry May.
Sir Jhon Ratcliife.
M' George Garrett.
Sir Henadge Fynch.
M' Edward Spencer.
Sir Phillip Gary.
[James] Lord Wriothsly.
M' Jhon Moore.
M' Morrice Abbott.
Sir Jhon Scudamor.
Sir Arthur Mannering.
Sir Jhon Saint Jhon.
M' [Thomas] Sherwell.
Sir Thomas Grantharm.
" With divers others which wee cannot uppon a sudden
sett downe."
CCCLXV. LIST OF ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF THE
VIRGINIA COMPANIES.
I am anxious to give as complete a Hst as possible of
the leading men who were interested in the American en-
terprise during 1606-16, and to those mentioned in the
foresroina- documents I am enabled to add from various
sources of a later date the following : —
John Argall, Esq.
Richard Ashcroft.
Ambrose Austen.
Thomas Baker.
Richard Ball.
John Bland.
Capt. George Bargrave or Bargar.
Capt. John Bargrave.
Charles Becke.
Charles Berkeley.
Richard Berkeley, Esq.
Wm. Bing.
Richard Blackmore.
Edward Blunt.
Richard Blunt.
Thomas Bond, Esq.
Henry Briggs.
Richard Briggs.
Capt. John Brough.
Matthew Brownrig.
Mmion Burrell.
Sir Richard Bulkeley.
Abraham Carpenter.
Sir Henry Gary, Captaine.
Sir Philip Gary.
Robert Chamberlaine.
Dr. Laurence Chatterton or Chaderton.
Wm. Chester.
Simon Codrington.
Edmond Colby.
804
ILLUSTRATIVE DOCUMENTS.
Thomas Colthurst.
Sir Robert Cotton.
Robert Creswell.
Wm. Crowe.
George Chudley or Chudleigh.
Abraham CuUimore Colmer or Culli-
ner.
James Ciillimore.
Rowley (Ralegh ?) Dausey or Dawsey.
Clemeut Daubney or Dabiiey.
Richard Dichfield.
Sara Draper.
Wm. Essington.
John Exton.
John Farrar or Ferrer.
John Fenuer.
Sir Heneadge Finch or Fynch.
David Floyd or Lloyd.
Thomas Francis.
Nicholas Fuller.
Richard Gardiner.
Sir Edward Giles.
Edward, Lord Gorges.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges.
Ralph Gore.
Sir George Goring.
Dr. Theodore Goulston, or Gulston.
Thomas Hackshawe.
John Haiward.
George Hanger.
Robert Harley.
Sir Percival Hart.
George Harrison.
John Harrison, gent.
Peter Heightley.
Edward Herbert, Esq.
Gregory Herst.
William Hicks.
William Holland.
William Houlden.
Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundell.
George Isham.
Gabriel Jacques.
James Jewell.
Walter Jobson.
William Jobson.
Edward Johnson.
Samuel Jordan.
Henry Kent.
Jolm Landman.
Wm. Laurence.
Francis Lodge.
Peter Lodge.
Thomas Maddox.
Sir Henry Mannering or Man waring.
Christopher Martin.
George Mason.
Francis Middleton.
Sir Henry Mildmay.
Capt. Henry Moles or Meoles.
Philip Molex or IVIutes.
Nicholas Moone.
Thomas Norton.
Francis Oliver.
John Payne.
Abraham Peirsey or Percy.
Allen Percy.
Thomas Philips.
Henry Philpot.
Sir Francis Popham.
Robert Pory.
Nicholas Purefoy.
Nicholas Rainton.
Humfrey Reynell.
Richard Robins.
Henry Rolfe.
Edward Rotheram.
Stephen Sad.
Sir John Scudamore.
Walter Shelley.
Nicholas Sherwell.
Thomas Sherwell.
Jonathan Smith.
Sir Wm. Smith of London.
Edward Spencer.
Thomas Stacy.
Thomas Stokes.
George Stone.
Sir Martin Stuteville.
William Tracy-
John Tradescant.
Peter Van Lore.
Capt. Alphonsus Van Medkerke.
Edward Waters.
William Ward.
John West, Esq.
Nathaniel West, Esq.
Capt. William West.
Garret Weston.
Capt. Richard Whitboume.
CONCLUSION. 805
John White, Esq. Sir Richard Worsley.
David Wiffin. Samuel Wrote, Esq.
Will. Willet. Sir Thomas Wroth.
Wm. Williamson. John Zouch, Esq.
Dr. Thomas Winston. Sir Edward Zouch, Kn't Marshall.
I have not attempted to give the names of those who were
employed in the ser\dee on wages, unless they were employed
in positions of responsibihty. Many were sent as sailors,
soldiers, servants, and some as planters, whose names are not
given. I have a great many of these names, and I know
something of interest regarding some of them ; but the great
mass of the names not given in this work are of those of
whom we have now no means of ascertaining anything, —
the o'reat unknown.
Virginia was now regarded as a settled plantation ; Eng-
land had placed a check on " Phillipps ambitious grow-
inge ; " she had put " a byt into her ainchent enymyes
mouth;" she had secured a firm hold on the strategical
position afforded by James River, " which in the time of a
warre with Spaine would be a commoditie to our Realme,
and a great annoyance to our enemies ; " Englishmen were
already looking for a good place in which to plant another
colony on this continent ; the destiny of North America
was in the hands of the Anoio-Saxon. So let it be.
BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES
PERSONS CONNECTED WITH THE FOUNDING
OF VIRGINIA.
Biography throws so much light on History, that I doubt if
any history can be clearly nnderstoocl without a fair knowledge of
the biography of the makers of that history. When we know
something of the lives, characters, social position, and public sur-
roundings of those engaged in an enterprise, we are then pre-
pared to form a more correct idea of the character of the enter-
prise itself. Therefore I have made special effort to compile brief
biographies of those who were especially interested in the move-
ment for planting English colonies in America, and to illustrate
the biography with a portrait ; since " it is impossible for me to
conceive a work which ought to be more interesting to the present
age than that which exhibits before our eyes our fathers as they
lived, accompanied with such memorials of their lives and charac-
ters as enable us to compare their persons and countenances with
their sentiments and actions." ^
While I have been unable to give sketches and portraits of
many, I believe that I have identified a sufficient number to illu-
strate the character of the whole body.
The leading agents in the grand movement, which resulted in
our present existence, were among the most prominent actors in
one of the most interesting and remarkable transition periods
in British history — the time of the translation of the Bible ; the
time of Shakespeare, Lord Bacon, Cecil, Ralegh, Ben Jonson, and
their contemporaries. It was at this time that the contest between
the people, through their representatives, and the Crown began ;
and it is interesting to note what a large number of members of
the House of Commons were interested in the American enter-
prises. The founders of Virginia were the architects of Great
Britain's greatness in colonies and commerce. Their records of
^ Sir Walter Scott to the Publisher of Lodge's Portraits.
808 BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES.
their actions, necessarily kept private at that time, are now nearly
all missing ; but, even if all were lost, knowing so many of those
engaged therein as we now do, we would be prepared to form
a tolerably correct opinion of the movement.
I have not found a list of the members of the North Virginia
Company ; but, after the failure to establish their colony in 1608,
the Southern Company made an appeal to them to join that com-
pany and aid in taking hold of the remarkable strategic position
afforded by James River, in the milder climate of Southern Vir-
ginia, and many of those named — especially those from the west
and southwest parts of England — were certainly members of the
Northern company. And after the colony in South Virginia was
established many of the members of that company turned their
attention to the northward. Of the forty-three first members of
His Majesty's Council for New England, at least thirty had been
instrumental in founding the colony on James River.
The special object of the biographies is to give information not
found in the histor}^, and therefore it frequently happens that the
part taken by the subjects in the founding of Virginia — the most
interesting part to us — is not mentioned at all in this portion of
my work. These most interesting items will generally be found
in the foregoing history, and the General Index will enable the
reader to refer to them easily.
The biographies have been compiled from above five hundred
volumes, and from a great nvimber of manuscripts. In dealing
with so many sources of information, of so varied a character,
mistakes have been made sometimes no doubt ; yet I have been as
careful as possible. I have given nothing that is not based on
what 1 believe to be trustworthy authority. I have tested every
statement, and every date, that could be tested. I have not fol-
lowed my authorities blindly. Of some, I have given about all
that I know. Of others, volumes could be written.
Many of those named in the biographies, and entered in the
index, are the originators of families, who are to-day largely rep-
resented in the United States, and our patriotic citizens should
take as much pride in being " of Founders.'' Kin'' as is taken by
Englishmen in tracing from the Roll of Battle Abbey.
DURATION OF PARLIAMENTS.
The sittings of Parliament are sometimes given in my authorities under old
style, and sometimes under new style dates, and are thus confusing. I have
tried to give uniformly the new style year ; hut the following tahle will enable
the reader to make the necessary correction, whenever I may have neglected
doing so.
Elizabeth.
1st. 23 January, 1559, to 8 May, 1559 . . .
2d. 11 January, 1563, to 2 January, 1567 . .
3d. 2 April, 1571, to 29 May, 1571 . . .
4th. 8 May, 1572, to 19 April, 1583 , . .
5th. 23 November, 1584, to 14 September, 1585
6th. 15 October, 1586, to 23 March, 1587 . .
7th. 12 November, 1588, to 29 March, 1589 .
8th. 19 February, 1593, to 10 April, 1593 . .
9th. 24 October, 1597, to 9 February, 1598 .
10th. 27 October, 1601, to 19 December, 1601 .
James.
1st. 19 March, 1604, to 9 February, 1611 .
2d. 5 April, 1614, to 7 Jime, 1614 . . .
3d. 30 January, 1621, to 8 February, 1622
4th. 12 February, 1624, to 27 March, 1625 .
Charles.
1st.
2d.
3d.
4th.
5th.
17 May, 1625, to 12 August, 1625 . .
6 February, 1626, to 15 June, 1626 .
17 March, 1628, to 10 March, 1629 . ,
13 April, 1640, to 5 May, 1640 . .
3 November, 1640, to 20 April, 1653
" The Long Parliament."
New Style.
Old Style.
[1559]
1558-9.
[1563-7]
1562-6.
[1571]
1571.
[1572-83]
1572-83.
[1584-5]
1584-5.
[1586-7]
1586.
[1588-9]
1588-9.
[1593]
1592-3.
[1597-8]
1597.
[1601]
1601,
[1604-11]
1603-10
[1614]
1614.
[1621-2]
1620-1.
[1624-5]
1623-5.
[1625]
1625.
[1626]
1625-6.
[1628-9]
1627-8.
[1640]
1640.
[1640-53]
1640-53.
EXPLANATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS.
There was no fixed way for spelling many names at that time, and it is fre-
quently impossible to give the correct spelling ; but I sometimes give several of the
different modes.
I have generally attempted to give the new style year, while the day of the month
remains as I find it in the old records.
I have the list of paid-up Adventurers as published by the Sandys Administration
in 1620, and also a manuscript copy of this list as prepared at that time by the
Smythe Party. These generally agree ; but whenever they differ, I have given the
person the benefit of the doubt, and credited the largest amount. Where the orig-
inal subscribers died before 1620, the payments must sometimes stand in the names
of their heirs or assigns ; and when this is the case, the heirs, etc., cannot always
be identified by me. As I have only fragments of the subscription list, I am
frequently unable to give the amount subscribed.
The figures, 1, 2, and o, immediately after a name, indicate that the person was an
incorporator of the 1st, 2d, or 3d Virginia Charter.
Sub. = subscribed, and is followed by the amount, whenever I have it.
Pd. = paid, followed by amount, when known.
£1 then = from $20 to $25 now.
E. I. Co. = East India Company.
Rus. Co. = Russia or Muscovy Company.
S. I. or B. I. Co. = Somers Islands or Bermudas Company.
N. W. P. Co. = North West Passage Company.
N. Fid. Co. = Newfoundland Company.
N. E. Co. = New England Company.
Va. Co. = Virginia Company.
M. C. for Va. = Member of His Majesty's Council for Virginia (34° to 4.5°).
M. C. for Va. Co. = Member of His Majesties' Council for Virginia Company of
London.
M. P. ::= Member of Parliament.
RICHARD SACK,.LLE
Third Earl of Dnrsel
BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES.
Abbay, Thomas. I find no trace
of him save in CCXLIV. and CCXLV.
He was not a member of the Va. Co.
Was sent to Virginia by the company
in September, 1608. If he was living
in England in 1612, he may have re-
turned without proper consent.
Abbot, George, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £75. Son of Maurice Abbot,
cloth worker of Guildford in Surrey,
was born October 29, 1562 ; educated
at the grammar school of (luildford ;
entered Baliol College, 1578 ; B. A.,
1582 ; M. A., 1585 : B. D., 1593 ; D. D.,
1597, and the same year chosen Mas-
ter of University College ; chaplain to
Thomas Sackville, Lord Buckhurst ;
made Dean of Winchester, March 6,
1600 ; Vice-chancellor of the Univer-
sity of Oxford in 1600, in 1603, and
in 1608 ; one of the first appointed
translators of the New Testament in
1604 ; employed at the suggestion of
George Hume, Earl of Dunbar, to
negotiate a union between the churches
of England and Scotland in 1608 ;
wrote the Preface to Sir William
Hart's " Examination, etc., of George
Sprot " ; was appointed Dean of Gloces-
ter, 1609 ; Bishop of Coventry and
Lichfield, December 3, 1609 ; Bishop
of London, February 12, 1610, and
Archbishop of Canterbnrv, March 4,
1611. Member of the N." W. P. Co.,
1612. He kept an eye on Zuniga when
he was in England ; sat on Ralegh's
trial, 1618 ; accidentally killed Lord
Zouche's park-keeper July 24, 1621,
for which he was tried by a commis-
sion of bishops and other lords, acquit-
ted, pardoned November 22, 1621.
" He was accused of Puritanism, but
the fiivor and good opinion of King
James was never withdrawn from him.
He attended the king on his death-bed,
and placed the crown on the head of
his successor." (Lodge.)
As a result of his differences with
Laud, he withdrew to Guildford in
1630 ; and afterwards to Croydon
House, where he died August 4, 1633.
His last words were, '* In te speravi ;
non confundcbor in eterno." [In
thee have 1 trusted ; I shall never be
confounded.]
He founded an hospital in his native
town and endowed it richly, and his
monument is still preserved in Guild-
ford Church. " His religions views
had led him to form a definite foreign
policy, of which the one aim was to
crush Spain and to be wary of
France." (S. L. Lee.)
Abbot, Morris, draper. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £50. Fifth son of
Maurice Abbot of Guildford, in Sur-
rey, and brother to George, Archbishop
of Canterbury, and Robert, Bishop of
Salisbury; was baptized at Trinity
Church, Guildford, November 2, 1565.
An incorporator of the E. I. Co. in
1600, and afterwards one of the direc-
tors of that company. An incorporator
and director of the N. W. P. Co. in
1612 ; on the commission " to treat
with the Hollanders concerning differ-
ences in the East Indies, and the fish-
ery in Greenland," December 29,
1614 ; a member of the B. I. Co. in
1615 ; elected deputy governor of the
Vj. I. Co., July 5, 1615, and again
chosen to that office frequently there-
after. He was added to His Majesty's
Council for the Va. Co. about 1618.
Again on the commission to treat with
the Hollanders, January 8, 1619. He
was recommended by King James to
the Va. Co. as a fit person for their
treasurer in 1620, and again in 1622 ;
M. P. for Hull in 1621-22 ; was one
of the farmers of the customs ; elected
governor of the E. I. Co., March 23,
1624 ; M. P. for Hull, l(;24-25. On
the commission for winding up the
812
ABBOT — ALBERT
affairs of the Va. Co., July 15, 1624 ;
was the first person liiiigbted by King
Charles at Whitehall, April 12, 1625 ;
M. P. for Hull in 1625, and for Lon-
don in 1626 ; was long an alderman
of London from Bridge Without, and
after from Coleman Street ward ;
sheriff of Loudon, 1627-28 ; M. P. for
Hull, 1628-29 ; Lord Mayor of Lon-
don, 1638. Died January 10, 1642.
He was one of the leading men of
atfairs in his day, yet Mr. Stith, in his
"History of Virginia," says, "As to
Mr. Abbot, little is known of him,
only that he was a merchant, and may
seem from some obscui'e circumstances
to have been of kin to his grace, Dr.
George Abbott, then Archbishop of
Canterbury."
He was a leading member of the
Levant, Italian, French, Muscovy,
East India, Northwest Passage, So-
mers Islands, and A^rginia com-
panies. The English merchant ser-
vice was largely under his control, and
he was a constant advancer of Eng-
lish colonization and commerce. Sir
Maurice Abbot married, first, Joan,
daughter of George Austen, of Shal-
ford, near Guildford, by whom he had
five children. She died in the autumn
of 1597, and he married, secondly, in
the spring of 1598, Margaret, daugh-
ter of Bartholomew Barnes, an alder-
man of London. She died September
5, 1G30.
Abdy, Anthony, clothworker, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. " A lineal de-
scendant of the Yorkshire House, en-
tered into commercial pursuits, estab-
Jishing himself in London." As he
was an apprentice to Nicholas Pearde,
•clothworker, he must have been a
member of that guild. He was the
third son of Roger Abdy, citizen and
merchant tailor of London, by his wife
JVIarv, daughter of Richard White.
Of the E. I. Co., 1609 ; of the B. I.
Co., 1615 ; a director of the E. I. Co.
from 1619; recommended by King
James to the Va. Co. for treasurer in
Mav. 1622 ; on the commission for the
Va.^Co.'s affairs, July 15, 1624 ; sheriff
of London, 1630 ; alderman of London
from Bridge Without ward from De-
cember, 1631 ; on the commission con-
cerning tobacco, June 19, 1634. He
died in September, 1640, and lies
buried in St. Andrew Undershaft, Eald-
gate ward, London. By his wife Abi-
gail, daughter of Sir Thomas Camp-
bell, he had three sons, all of whom
were created baronets.
Abergavenny, Lord. — Henry Ne-
ville.
Abot, Jeffra. Arrived in Virginia
in January, 1608 ; he was executed
by Sir Thomas Gates for mutiny in
1612.
Acland, Sir John, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Of Columb-
John in Broad Clyst, Devon ; M. P.
for Saltash, 1586-87 ; knighted at the
Tower, March 14, 1604 ; M. P. for
Devon, 1607-11. Died in 1613 ; a
benefactor of Exeter College, Oxford.
Acquaviva, Rev. Father Claude.
Born at Atri, September 14, 1543 ;
entered Society of Jesus, 1567 ; Gen-
eral of the Jesuits, 1581. Died Jan-
uary 31, 1615.
Acufia. See Gondomar.
Adams, Captain. Made a voyage
to Virginia, June to November, l609 ;
a second voyage, April to September,
1610 ; a third, December, 1610, to
July, 1611 ; a fourth, December, 1612,
to July, 1613 ; and a fifth, October,
1613, to April, 1614. We ought to
know more of him than we do, as he
made so manj' of the early voyages.
He was evidently a noted and well-
known seaman in his own day, and
this fact makes it the more difficult
to identify him, as he is always spoken
of simply as " Captain Adams ; " his
first name is not given in the Virginia
records. It is probable, however,
that he is the Captain Robert Adams
^vho entered tlie service of the E. I.
Co. in 1616, and made several voyages
to the East Indies.
Adams, Mr. Thomas, stationer ;
pd. £10. Son of Thomas Adams,
yeoman, of Neen Savage, Shropshire ;
first apprenticed to Oliver Wilkes,
stationer, on September 29, 1582, for
seven years, and turned over to George
Bishop on October 14, 1583, for the
same period ; admitted a freeman of
the Stationers' Company October 15,
1.590, and came upon the livery July
1, 1598 ; younger warden in 1611 ;
became warden in 1614, and died
about 1620. A benefactor to his com-
pany.
Albert, Archduke. See Arch-
duke.
ALD WORTH — ANNE OF DENMARK
813
Aldworth, Thomas, merchant of
Bristol. Interested in Frobisher's
voyages, 1576—78 ; mayor of Bristol
in 1583. He was still living in Octo-
ber, 1593, when he gave Charles Lord
Howard information regarding a
" Carvell," called " The Tobacco
Pipe."
Alexander VI. (Borgia.) Pope,
August 11, 14y_', to August, 1503.
Alexander, Sir William. Of
Menstiio ; a celebrated poet ; had a
grant of Nova Scotia, September 10,
1621 ; cliarter of the Lordship of
Canada in America, February 2, 1628 ;
Viscount Stirling, September 4, 1630 ;
Earl of Stirling, Viscount Canada, and
Lord Alexander of TuUibodv, June
14, 1033. Died in 1640. (See the
" House of Alexander." by C. Rogers,
LL. D.)
Aliffe, Ayliffe, Ayloffe, Sir Wil-
liam, 3. Sub. ; pd. £.50. Of
Braxsted, Essex ; knighted at Char-
terhouse, May 11, 1603 ; created a
baronet, November 25, 1612 ; M. P.
Stockbridge, 1621-22. Title extinct.
Allde, Edward, stationer. Son of
John Allde (" who was the first per-
son on the registers to take up the
freedom of the Stationers' Company,
when in January, 1555, he paid the
modest sum of 6s. 8d. for the custom-
ary breakfast to the brotherhood."
H. R. Tedder) ; made free of the
Compiiny of Stationers by patrimony,
February 18, 158 | ; chosen to go to
" my lord Maiour's dynner," in 1611.
Probably died in 1634.
Allen, Alleine, AUeyne, Ed-
mund, gent., 3. Sub. £75 ; pd.
£25. Of Hatfield, Peverill, Essex.
Died in 1016.
Allen, Edward, fislimonger, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £100. Also of
East India and Northwest Passage
companies. He contributed £62 10s.
to the first voyages, and afterwards
subscribed and paid £37 10s. more ;
elected sheriff of London, July 3,
1020 ; chosen alderman of Bread-
street ward, November 7, 1620. Died
in 1626.
Allen, John, fishmonger, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Allen, Thomas, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Probably three
of the name were members of the
Grocers' Company at this time. One
was sworn to fi-eedom in 1589 ; an-
other in 1592, and a third in 1596.
Allington, Giles, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £2.j. Second son of Sir
Giles Allington, by his wife Dorothy,
daughter of Thomas Cecil, first Earl
of Exeter. His elder brother died
young, and Giles became his father's
heir, and it is said, " was soon after
knighted." " The prospects of this
gentleman," says Lodge, in his " Life
of Sir Julius Cjesar," " were clouded,
and his revenues embarrassed, by an
unfortunate marriage. . . . April 14,
1631, he was censured and fined in the
Star Chamber Court £32,000, only for
marrying the daughter of his sister by
the half blood. . . . William, his only
son, was on July 28, 1642, . . . cre-
ated Baron Allington, of Killard, in
Ireland." Sir Giles Allington is men-
tioned in the Fifth Report of Hist.
MS. Com., as being alive in 1640 ; but
the date of his death is not known to
me. His marriage caused much of
his family history to be excluded from
the official pedigrees of the family,
and therefore the data regarding him
is meagre ; but I believe this identi-
fication to be correct. However, this
may be the Lieutenant Giles Allington
who patented lands in Virginia in 1624.
Amidas, Philip. Said to have
been born at Hull, England, in 1.550.
Probably related to the Hawkins fam-
ily. (See pedigree.) Owned lands
in, and I think it probable that he
was from, Cornwall. " Some time
after 1586 lie had charge of an expe-
dition to Newfoundland." Early in
1609 a warrant was granted to John
Shelbury for certain lands in Corn-
wall, purchased by Sir Walter Ra-
legh from Philip Amidas, and by
Ralegh's attainder devolved to the
crown. Amidas, or Amadas, died in
1618.
Andrews, John, the elder, Doctor
of Cambridge, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25.
Andrews, John, the younger, of
Cambridge, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25.
Andrews, Nicholas, " citizen and
Salter," 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £62
10s. Afterwards of Little Lever,
County Lancaster ; married Heth,
daughter of Thomas Lever, esquire.
Tiieir son, John Andrews, was a cap-
tain in Cromwell's army.
Anne of Denmark. — Anne Stuart.
814
ANTHONY — ARG ALL
Anthony, Charles, goldsmith, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £137 10s. Also
of N. W. P. Co. Second son of De-
rick Anthony, '• chief graver of the
mynt and seales to King Edward VI.,
Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth,"
by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
Richard Erley. He was the engraver
for King James, Prince Henry, for the
Mint, etc. He engraved the stamps
for the East India moneys, and I am
quite sure, engraved the seals for the
Virginia companies. The celebrated
Dr. Francis Anthony (loo0-1623), who
joined the Va. Co. in May, 1617, was,
I believe, his elder brother. His sister
Elizabeth married Richard Yardley,
of London, fishmonger.
Apsley, Sir Allen. Born about
1569 ; at Cadiz, 1596 ; knighted at
Dublin, June 5, 1605 ; victualer to
the navy about 1610 ; Lieutenant of
the Tower, March 3, 1617 ; Member
of the Council for New England in
1620. Died May 24, 1630.
Aquila, Don Juan de. Com-
mander of the Spaniards at Kinsale,
Ireland, 1601.
Archduke, The. Albert, Arch-
duke of Austria, Cardinal and Arch-
bishop of Toledo ; born 1559 ; sov-
ereign of the Netherlands, May 6,
1598. Died July 13, 1621.
Archer (see Aucher), Captain
Gabriel, 2. Sub. ; pd. .
Of Mountnessing, Essex ; admitted to
Gray's Inn as a student, March 15,
1593 ; but does not seem to have been
called to the Bar. Recorder of Gos-
nold's voyage to our New England
coast, 1602 ; first secretary or re-
corder of the first Colony of Virginia,
where he died in the memorable win-
ter of 1609-10. As his brother John
was afterwards admitted into the Va.
Co., and given a share of land in Vir-
ginia as liis heir, it seems evident
tliat Captain Gabriel left no children.
Archer's Hope, on James River, was
named for him, and he has the honor
of having been much abused by Cap-
tain John Smith. He gave his life to
the enterprise, and no one could do
more. He was one of the first law-
yers in Virginia.
Argall Pedigree. Thomas ^ Ar-
gall, of St. Faith-the- Virgin, London,
esquire, to whom the Manor of
Walthamstow (see Robert Thome)
was granted in 1553, was an officer
of court in 1559. He died in 1563.
By his wife Margaret, daughter of
John Tallakarne, of Cornwall (who
remarried in June, 1564, Sir Giles Al-
lington, of Horseheath, Cambridge-
shire), he had five sons and one
daughter, namely : Richard - (see here-
after), Lawrence,^ John,^ Rowland,^
Gaberell,^ and Anue.*^
Anne ^ Argall married, first,
Thomas Sisley, of Essex ; second-
ly, Augustine Steward, of London,
esquire.
Richard ^ Argall, the eldest son,
of East Sutton in County Kent,
esquire, married twice ; the name
of his first wife is not known to me.
His second wife was Mary, daughter
of Sir Reginald Scott (see Scott
pedigree). He died in 1588, leav-
ing five sons and six daughters liv-
ing, by his second wife, namely : —
i. Thomas ^ Argall, who, with his
brother Reginald,''^ were the wit-
nesses to the challenge sent by Sir
John Scott to Lord Willoughby, in
April, 1590 ; which Thomas died in
1605, s. p.
ii. Reginald ^ Argall, of Lincoln's
Inn, Middlesex, gent., married in
1599 Anne, widow of William
Rowe (uncle to Sir Thomas Roe),
of Walthamstow, County Essex,
esquire, and daughter of John
Cheney, esquire, of Chesham Boys
in Buckinghamshire. This Regi-
nald ^ was knighted at Hampton
Court, August 17, 1606, and died
prior to 1612, s. p.
iii. John ^ Argall, of Colchester.
iv. Richard ^ Argall. (L take
this to be the person of the name
" noted in the reign of James I. for
an excellent divine poet.")
v. Samuel ^ Argall.
i. Elizabeth ^ Argall married Sir
Edward Filmore, of East Sutton in
Kent, knight.
ii. Margarett ^ Argall married
Edmond Randolfe, of Aylesford in
Kent, esquire.
iii. Mary ^ Argall married Ray-
nold Kempe, of Wye in Kent,
esquire.
iv. Catherine ^ Argall married
Randolfe Bathurst, of Horton in
Kent, esquire.
V. Jane ^ Argall married Paul
ARGALL
815
-I
Flettewood, of Roshall in Lanca-
shire, esquire.
vi. Sara * Argall, sixth daughter.
After tlie death of Richard - Ar-
gall in 1588, his widow (Sii- Samuel
Argall's mother) married Laurence
Washington, of Maidstone, Kent,
esquire (liis second wife), and died
in IGOj. Mr. Washington, who
survived her, dving in lOlD, was
I'egister of tlie Iligli Court of Chan-
cery, lie was the great uncle of the
Rev. Laurence Washington, whose
sou John was the emigrant ancestor
of " the Father of his country."
The following monumental inscrip-
tions from East Sutton Church are
illustrative of the foregoing pedigree.
" Richard Argall of East Sutton in
the County of Kent Esq., deceased
anno Dm"', 1.588, leaving 5 sons and
6 daughters living. Mary his second
wife one of the daughters of Sir Regi-
nald Scott of Scot's Hall, married the
second time to Laurence Washington
Esq., died in anno 16Q5. Thomas Ar-
gall eldest son of the said Richard and
Mary, died in anno 1605, whose souls,"
etc.
" Under this rest, in certain hope of
the resurrection of the bodies. Sir Ed-
ward Fihner and Dame Elizabeth his
wife, daughter of Richard Argall
Esq. They lived together 44 years
and had issue 18 children 9 sons and
9 daughters. He departed this life 2.
Nov. 1629. She the 9. Aug' 1638."
Their eldest son. Sir Robert Fil-
mer, was a strong royalist, and a po-
litical writer of some note.
Argall, Johu. esquire. Of Col-
chester, Essex. (See pedigree.) He
was interested in Virginia prior to
1617 ; held four shares in Captain
Argall's plantation ; was M. C. for N.
E., November .'J, 1620. He married
Sara, daughter of the celebrated schol-
ar, Edward Grant, D. D., master of
Westminster School. At the visita-
tion of 1634 he had four sons and two
daughters, was living at Much Bad-
do w, in Essex, and was one of the jus-
tices of the peace for the county.
Argall, Captain Samuel. (See
pedigree.) Was probably born about
1580-85. He was a young man in
1609 ; but, as he was selected to dis-
cover a shorter way to Virginia, he
must have been re":arded as a mariner
of experience and ability, and I sup-
pose that he had been to America be-
fore. He left England May 5, and
returned late in October, 1609, hav-
ing made the discovery of a direct
way ; thus proving that the reliance
in his ability was not misplaced ; con-
ducted Lord de la Warr to Virginia,
March, 1610 ; made a voyage to our
New England coast ; surveyed the
coast from Cape Cod to Virginia,
June 19 to September, 1610 (CXLL)
(the beginning of the fishing voyages
sent to the northward from Virginia
every summer). Explored the Chesa-
peake Bay and the waters thereof
during the autumn and winter, and
sailed from Virginia with Lord de la
Warr March 28, reaching England in
June, 1611.
The Grace of God, with Father
Biard on board, on the way to Port
Royal in New France, was at New-
port, Isle of Wight, in Februarv, 1611.
(CLXVIII.) Louis XIII. of "^ France
granted to Madame de Guercheville,
the Protectress of the Jesuit Missions,
all the territory of North America
from the St. Lawrence to Florida,
and she was sending her missionaries
to this region. The account of the
Spaniards in Virginia reached Eng-
land late in October, 1611. Argall
sailed from England, July 23, 1612,
on the Treasurer, a well equipped
vessel, with a commission to remain in
Virginia, and to drive out foreign in-
truders from the country granted to
Englishmen, by the three patents of
James 1. He was employed in the
various waters of Virginia from
September, 1612, to June, 1613.
(CCLXXV.) Soon after June 28,
1613, he sailed from Virginia on " his
Jishing voyage, which I beseech God
of his mercy to blesse us," in a well-
armed P^nglish man-of-war ; destroyed
the colony of the Jesuits on Mount
Desert, within the bounds of Virginia ;
returned to Jamestown late in July, or
early in August, and was sent back
by Gates in about thirty days, with
orders to destroy the buildings and
fortifications at ^Nlount Desert, St.
Croix, and Port Royal, which he did,
and got back to Jamestown about the
first of December, 1613. He is said
to have visited, while on this voyage,
the Dutch settlement on the Hudson,
816
ARGALL — ARUNDELL
and to have compelled the governor,
Heudrick Christiansen, to submit to
the crown of Great Britain. New
England was reserved for the English
by Argall's decisive action. The Bay
of Fundy was sometime known as Ar-
gall's Bay. He was variously em-
ployed in Virginia from December,
1613, to June 18, 1614, when he sailed
for England, arriving there in July.
In November, 1614, he proposed to
enter the service of the E. I. Co., but
was retained by the Va. Co., and again
sent to Virginia in February, 1615 ;
returning with Dale in May, 1616.
Early in 1617 he was appointed
deputy governor and admiral of Vir-
ginia, and soon after granted patents
for a plantation. [See Sir William
Lovelace.] Sailed for Virginia about
the last of March, 1617, and returned
to England in May, 1619. Certain
charges were brought against him in
August, 1618, and some time after
this he was " vehemently complayned
against by Padre Maestro and San-
chez [see Gondomar] for piracy com-
mitted by the Treasurer on the King of
Spain's subjects in the West Indies."
On his return from Virginia in May,
1619, he answered these charges satis-
factorily to some of the officers of the
company ; but not so to others. From
October, 1620, to the summer of 1621,
he commanded the Golden Phenix, in
the fleet under Sir Robert Mausell, in
the Mediterranean Sea. About 1621
he proposed a settlement in that part
of America called New Netherlands ;
a member of His Majesty's Council for
New England, probably before May,
1622. In the distribution of " the land
of New England by lotts. Cape Cod,
and into the Maine," fell to his lot ;
knighted at Rochester, June 26, 1622 ;
voted to surrender the Virginia char-
ter, October 20, 1623. In April, 1624,
he was proposed for governor of Vir-
ginia, but was defeated by Sir Francis
Wyatt ; one of the commissioners for
the Va. Co., July 15, 1624 ; on Sep-
tember 6, 1625, he sailed from Plym-
outh as admiral of twenty-four Eng-
lish and four Dutch ships ; and during
the cruise took seven vessels, valued
at £100,000 ; October to December,
1625, he commanded the flagship dur-
ing the attack on Cadiz.
In 1633, Anne, daughter of Sir
Samuel Argall, of Walthamstow in
County Essex, was the wife of Alex-
ander Boiling of London, scrivener,
a grandson of Thomas Boiling, of
Boiling Hall in Yorkshire. From
the Visitation of London it seems
that Sir Samuel was then alive ; and
he probably died that year, as Strype
says he was a benefactor of " The
Trinity House, London," in 1633.
However, he certainly died before
June, 1641. His daugliter Anne
(widow of Boiling, who died in March,
1641), and her second husband, Sam-
uel Perce vail, on June 25, 1641, peti-
tioned the House of Commons, com-
plaining that they had been defrauded
by John Woodhall of property in Vir-
ginia, left to petitioner Anne by her
late father. Sir Samuel Argall, some-
time governor of Virginia, etc.
Arundell, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £25. " Jack for the
King," grandson of Henry VIII. 's
"Jack of Tilbury," and son of John
Arundell, of Trerice. Born in 1576 ;
M. P. for St. Michaels, 1597-98 ; for
Cornwall, 1601, 1621-22 ; for St.
Mawes, 1624-25 ; for Tregony, 1628-
29, and 1640 ; appointed governor of
Pendennis Castle about 1643. Clar-
endon tells the story of its five mouths'
siege in 1646, and the gallant defense
of old Sir John. The fall of Pen-
dennis and the defeat of the king
ruined his estates. He died between
1654 and 1656, and was buried at
Duloe in Cornwall.
Arundell. The Lord of Wardour.
Of N. W. P. Co. Sir Thomas Arun-
dell of Wardour (1560-1640) was the
sou and heir of old Sir Matthew
Arundell (on whose fringed cloak it
once pleased Queen Elizabeth to spit),
and the grandson of Sir John Arun-
dell, the friend of Father Cornelius.
Elizabeth gave him an autograph
Latin letter, said to be still preserved
at Wardour Castle, recommending
him to the service of the Emperor
Rudolph II. as a brave knight and
her kinsman. Serving witli distinction
as a volunteer in the imperial army in
ARUNDELL — ASHLEY
817
Hungary, he took the standard of the
Turks with his own hand, in an en-
gagement at Gran or Estcrgom ; for
which heroic achievement he was cre-
ated by Rudolph II. a count of the
Sacred Roman Empire. The patent
of creation is dated at Prague, Decem-
ber 14, 1595. " Mareli 13, 1596, Eliza-
beth wrote to Rudolph II., complain-
ing of his having created Thomas
Arundel a count of the Empire, and
she has forbidden him to use the title."
" She liked not for her sheep to wear
a stranger's mark, nor to dance after
a foreigner's whistle." " Augt. 15,
159G. Tlie Emperor replies that he
is surprised at the Queen's displeasure
at his creating Thomas Arundel a
count, and requests her to restore him
to favor."
In March, 1605, his brother-in-law,
Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southamp-
ton, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, himself,
and others sent out the expedition un-
der Captain George Waymouth. Cre-
ated Baron Arundell of Wardour,
May 4, 1605. In the summer of 1605
he was levying a body of men in Eng-
land for the service of the Archduke
Albert, a younger brother of his old
friend Rudolph II. Catesby, the gun-
powder conspirator, " contrived that
several of the officers should be ap-
pointed from amongst his friends, and
entered into an understanding with
them that they should be ready to re-
turn to England whenever the Cath-
olic cause required their assistance."
" After the discovery of the Gunpow-
der Plot, all chance of a close alliance
between England and Spain was for
the present at an end. Tlie knowledge
that the English troops [under Arun-
dell] in the service of the archduke
had been intended by the conspirators
to coiiperate with them by invading
England, induced James to refuse to
allow any further levies to be made,"
(Gardiner's "Hist, of England.")
Lord Arundell married, first. Lady
Maria Wriothesley, sister of Henry,
Earl of Southampton. She is known
as "our sweet Lady Arundell." He
married, secondly, Anne, daughter of
Miles Phillipson, Esq., and liis daugh-
ter Anne (by the second marriage)
married Cecil Calvert, second Baron
Baltimore, the founder of Maryland.
Bishop Goodman says " the first Lord
Baltimore was converted to the Church
of Rome by Gondomar and Count
Arundel."
Lord Arundell died in 1639-40.
Aruudell, Earl of. — Tiiomas How-
ard.
Ashcroft, Richard, merchant. Sub.
; pd. i;25. A friend of Dr. Poe,
he was admitted into the E. I. Co.
February 26, 1614. On the special
commission concerning tobacco, April
7, 1620.
Ashley, Sir Anthonj'', 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £62 10s. Son of An-
thony Ashley, of Damerham in the
county of Wilts, by his wife Dorothy,
daughter of John Lyte, of Lytcs Carey
in Somersetshire, born about 1551 ;
entered the public services, it seems,
about 1572-73, and became clerk of
the council. He is said to have been
" highly distinguished by tiie favor
of Queen Elizabeth." In 1584 Lucas
Janz Waghenaer published at Leyden
in Holland the first known collection
of sea charts for sailors. In 1585
Lord Charles Howard drew the atten-
tion of the Privy Council to the work,
and they " esteemed it worthy to be
translated and printed into a language
familiar to all nations." The task
was given to Anthony Ashley, and his
translation appeared in 1588 as " The
Mariner's Mirrour." I think it high-
ly probable that he was aided in
this translation by his brother, Robert
Ashley (1565-1641), who was a trans-
lator of note.
Anthony Ashley was M. P. for
Tavistock, November 12, 1588, to
March 29, 1589. In 1589 he served in
the Norris-Drake expedition. M. A.,
Oxford, September 27, 1592. 1596,
secretary for war in the famous voy-
age to Cadiz, where he was knighted,
and brought over the first account of
the capture of Cadiz to her majesty.
He had been pensioned by Queen Eliza-
beth, and in 1605 King James also pen-
sioned him " in consideration of 33
Years services." Created a baronet,
July 3, 1622. Died January 13, 1628,
and was buried at Wimborne, St. Giles,
Dorset. He married twice ; first,
Jane, relict of Tliomas Cokaine, Esq.,
and daughter of Pliilip Okeover, Esq.,
by whom his only child, Anne Ashley,
who married Sir .John Cooper and be-
came the mother of Sir Anthony Ash-
818
ASHLEY— AUCHER
ley Cooper, Earl of Shaftesbury, the
celebrated statesman, a lord proprietor
of Carolina, and one of the first gov-
ernors of the Hudson Bay Company.
Sir Anthony Ashley married, sec-
ondly, in 1621-22 Philippa Sheldon
(aired 19), a kinswoman to George
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. She
married, secondly, Carew, only surviv-
ing son of Sir Walter Ralegh.
Ashley, Captain John, 5. Sub.
; pd. . Probably the Captain
Ashley who was at the taking of Saint
Vincent and Puerto Bello near Pan-
ama, February 7, 1G02.
AskeAv — Ascough — Ayscough,
James, 2. Sub. £37 10s ; paid £37
10s. Married a daughter of Roger
Clarke, alderman of London ; was ad-
mitted into the E. I. Co. in 1609.
Askwith, Robert, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Alderman of
York. Lord Mayor of York in 1617.
Knighted at York, April 13, 1617.
M. P. for York, 1576-83, 1604-11,
1614, and 1621-22.
Aspley, William, stationer. He
dealt largely in plays, Shakespeare's,
and others. Died August 18, 1640.
Asten — Aston — Austin, Am-
brose. Paid £12 10s. Transferred
his share in Virginia to Dr. Anthony,
July 18, 1620.
Aston — Ashton, Sir Roger,
2. Pd. £10. A servant to King
James, to his father, and grandfa-
ther ; for many years the messenger
between Queen Elizabeth and King
James. From 1587 he was gentleman
of the bed-chamber to the king, the
letters patent for which office were in-
closed with him in his tomb. " He
was dispatched to London after the
queen's death to concert measures
with the council for the reception of
King James, and being asked by the
lords how he did, replied, ' Even, my
Lords, like a poor man who, hav-
ing wandered above forty years in a
wilderness and barren soil, is now
arrived at the land of promise.' "
Knighted at Grimston, April 18, 1603;
made master of the great wardrobe
in 1608 ; M. P. for Clieshire in 1010-
11 ; died May 23, 1612. His first
wife, Mary, daughter of Andrew Stew-
art, master of ()c]iiltrce, was related
to King James. Slie died in 1606.
His second wife was Cordelia, daugh-
ter of Sir John Stanhope. His daugh-
ter Elizabeth married Sir Robert
Wingfield, who was a member of the
Va. Co. in 1619.
Aston — Ashton, Sir Walter, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . Grandson of Sir
Thomas Lucy, " Justice Shallow." Of
Texall, Stafford ; born July 9, 1584.
His father died in 1597, and he was
placed under the wardship of Sir Ed-
ward Coke. Created a bai'onet, 1611 ;
ambassador to Spain, 1620-25 ; created
Lord Aston of Forfar in the Scottish
peerage, November 28, 1627 ; ambas-
sador to Spain, 1635-38 ; died August
13, 1639. (His cousin, Walter Aston,
came to Virginia in 1628, and died
there in 1656. His tomb is at West-
over.)
Atkinson, Richard, clerk of Va.
Co. in 1609. Son of Richard Atkin-
son, descended out of the North of
England. His mother married, sec-
ondly, William Towersou, of London,
merchant. He was for a long time
cashier of the E. I. Co.
Atkinson, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. "Counsellor of the
Lawe dwelling sometime in ffoster
lane London " ; great uncle of the
above Richard. He was especially
instrumental in arresting and pro-
secuting Papists, recusants, etc.
Aucher — Archer, Anthony, es-
quire, 2. Sub. ; pd. . Sir
Anthony Aucher, knight, of Otterden,
temp. Henry VIII. , had issue four
sons, among whom John of Otterden
(whose daughter married Sir Hum-
phrey Gilbert), and Edward, who mar-
ried Mabel, daughter of Sir Thomas
Wrothe, and hafi Anthony (of whom I
write), and Elizabeth who married Sir
William Lovelace. Anthony Aucher,
Esq., of Bishopsbourne, married two
wives, but had issue only by the second,
Margaret, daughter of Edwin Sandys,
Archbishop of York (see pedigree).
He died January 13, 1609-10, and was
succeeded by his son (next).
Aucher — Archer, Sir Anthony,
2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Son of
preceding ; knighted at Chatham, July
4, 1604 ; sheriff of Kent, 1614 ; M. C.
for Va. Co. ; of the S. I. Co., 1615 ;
interested in Argall's plantation, and
was allowed a bill of adventure of £50
for sending four persons to Virginia
at his own charge, February 12, 1617 ;
AUSTEN — BACON
819
sent Carleton " a relation from Guiana
by a worthy friend," February 23,
1618 ; married Hester, daugliter of
Peter Collet, Esq.; buried at Bourne,
July 24, 1G37. His son, Sir An-
thony Aucher, was created a baronet,
July 4, IGOG.
(This name was also spelled Ager
and Auger.)
Austen. See Asten.
Avila. See Zufiiga.
Aylmer, John, Bishop of London.
Of Aylmer Hall, Norfolk. Domestic
chaplain to Henry Grey, Marquis of
Dorset, father of Lady Jane Grey to
whom he was also tutor. During
Queen Mary's reign he resided at
Strasburg, and afterwards at Zurich,
where he assisted Fox in his compila-
tion of his "Book of Martyrs." On
the accession of Elizabeth he returned
to England. He died June 3, 1594,
and was buried in St. Paul's.
Ayloffe. See Aliffe.
Bache, George, fishmonger, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Bacon, Sir Francis, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . " The younger of the two
sons of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Keeper of
the Great Seal under Queen Eliza-
beth, by his second wife, Anne, second
daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, of
Gideon Hall in Essex, and sister to the
wife of the Lord Treasurer Burghley.
Was born at York House, in the Strand,
London, January 22, 15G1. In April,
1573, he entered Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, and was educated there under
the care of Whitgift, afterwards pri-
mate. March, 1575, left college ;
while there he is said to have entered
his protest against the philosophy of
Aristotle. In June, 1-575, he was ad-
mitted to Gray's Inn, and became
ancient there November 21, 1576.
Soon after was attached to the em-
bassy of Sir Amias Paulet to France,
and lived in the house with that min-
ister during his embassy, on the af-
fairs of which, he was at least once
dispatched to communicate person-
ally with the queen. His father died
while he was abroad, February 20,
1579, " leaving him but a small for-
tune." While in France he wrote his
discourse on "The State of Europe."
His father's death compelled him to
return to Entrland and engafife in some
profitable occupation. He solicited
his uncle. Lord Burghley, to procure
for him such a provision from govern-
ment as might allow him to devote
his time to literature and philosophy;
but " he, who desired to live only in
order to study," was even now " forced
to study how to live." " He devoted
himself to the study of the law, and
on June 27, 1582, was admitted utter
barrister." November 23, 1584, to
September 14, 1585, M. P. for Mel-
combe Regis. Wrote his " Letter of
Advice to Queen Elizabeth " in 1584-
85. " In 1586 he became a bencher
of Gray's Inn, and in the parliament,
15th October, 1586, to 23 March, 1587,
he sat for Taunton." Lent reader of
Gray's Inn, 1588. He was one of those
who aided T. Hughes in the composi-
tion of "Certaine Devises and shewes
presented to her Maiestie at her High-
nesse Court in Greene wich, the 28"" day
of Februarie in the thirtieth yeare of
her Maiesties most happy Raigue."
M. P. for Liverpool, November 12,
1588, to March 29, 1589. In 1590,
queen's counsel extraordinary ; about
1591 became acquainted with Essex.
M. P. for Middlesex, February 19 to
April 10, 1593, and incurred Eliza-
beth's displeasure by speaking on tlie
side of the people. " Elizabeth dis-
missed this parliament in person, on
the 10th of April, 1593, in a speech
which the boldest man of the Plan-
tagenet Hue of monarchs would scarce-
ly have ventured to utter." On Jan-
uary 25, 1594, Bacon held his first
brief. M. A., Cambridge, July 27,
1594. He failed to obtain the attor-
ney-generalship in 1594, and the soli-
citor-generalship in 1595. On the
17th November, 1595, Twickenham
Park was leased to Francis Bacon,
Esq., and John Hibbard for twenty-
one years. This lease is said to have
been a present from the Earl of
Essex. In May, 1596, Essex recom-
mended him for the mastership of the
rolls, without success ; and in the
spring of 1597 Essex aided him in
vain in pressing his suit with Lady
Hatton (the widow of Sir William
Newport, and afterwords wife of Chief
Justice Coke). The first edition of his
Essays was dedicated to his brother
Anthony, "30 Jan'y, 1597." In
1597 he was returned by both South-
820
BACON
ampton and Ipswich as an M. P., — I
have been unable to gather for certain
for which borough he elected to sit, —
October 24, 1597, to February 9, 159 1 ;
arrested for debt September 23, 1598.
He was duplex reader of Gray's Inn
in 1600. The Essex troubles, 1599-
1601 ; Bacon conducted the prosecu-
tion of Essex, February, 1601. M. P.
for Ipswich, October 27 to December
19, 1601 ; knighted by James I., July
23, 1603 ; appointed king's counsel
August 25, 1604 ; M. P. for Ipswich,
March 19, 1604, to February 9, 1611 ;
May 10, 1606, married Alice, daugh-
ter of Benedict Barnham, late alder-
man and sheriff of London ; was
actively employed in the various con-
troversies of the time regarding the
Spaniards, the Papists, the Puritans,
the Union with Scotland, etc. Feb-
ruary 17, 160f, replying to Nicholas
Fuller, in the debate in Parliament on
the Union with Scotland, he denied
that the Scots would overrun Eng-
land ; " but if the land was too little,
the sea was open. Commerce would
give support to thousands. Ireland
was waiting for colonists to till it,
and the solitude of Virginia was cry-
ing aloud for inhabitants." (Gar-
diner's " History of England.") He
was appointed solicitor-general, June
25, 1607 ; register of Star Chamber,
July, 1608 ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609.
" He looked upon the Virginian Col-
ony as upon the romantic achieve-
ments of Amadis de Gaul ; while he
compared the settlement of Ireland by
the English with the deeds related
in Csesar's Commentaries." An in-
corporator of the Newfoundland Com-
pany, May 2, 1610 ; joint judge of
Knight Marshal's Court, 1611 ; an
incorporator of the N. W. P. Co., July
26, 1612.
While Salisbury lived he continued
to fawn on him with high-flown com-
pliment ; after he was dead he wrote
his essay " On Deformity." Cham-
berlain wrote to Carleton, December
17, 1612 : " Sir Francis Bacon hath
set out new essays, where in a Chapter
of Deformity/, the world takes notice
that he j>aiiits out his little cousin to
the life." He was " the chief con-
triver of the Mas(juc of Grayes Iniie
and the Inner Temple," played before
the King, the Queen, the Prince Count
Palatine and the Lady Elizabeth, at
Whitehall, in February, 1613. Was
appointed attorney-general October 27,
1613. His celebrated masque, in honor
of the marriage of Lord Rochester
with the divorced Countess of Essex,
was performed January 6, 1614. M.
P. for Cambridge University, April 5
to June 7, 1614. On April 19, 1615,
he gave the hand of his niece, Mrs.
Anne (Wodehouse) Hungate, at the
nuptial ceremony to Sir Julius Csesar
(his third wife). Made a privy coun-
cilor, June 9, 1616. Prosecuted Som-
erset, 1616. Lord keeper of the great
seal, March 7, 1617. Prepared in-
structions for Sir John Digby regard-
ing the projected Spanish match in
March, 1617. Strickland says : " Sir
Francis Bacon was the person who
governed England in the king's ab-
sence " in Scotland, May to Septem-
ber, 1617. On May 7, 1617, he rode
from Gray's Inn to Westminster, to
open the courts in state, in most regal
style. Bacon's rise kept pace with
Coke's decline. He became lord chan-
cellor, January 4, and was created Lord
Verulam, .July 12, 1618. Prosecuted
Ralegh in 1618. In this year Captain
John Smith vainly sought his patronage
in a long letter still preserved among
the Colonial State Papers in England,
and William Strachey presented him
with a MS. copy of his " Historic of
Travaile into Virginia Britannia," writ-
ten in 1612 ; but with alterations in
the text to make it correspond with
the year 1618. In his letter of pres-
entation Strachey says : " Your Lord-
ship ever approving yourself a most
noble factor of the Virginian Planta-
tion, being from the beginning (with
other lords and earles) of the princi-
pall counsell applyed to propogate and
guide it." On February 27, 1618, Sir
Thomas Smythe, the governor of the
E. I. Co., presented his name for mem-
bership, and on March 18 next he was
admitted a free brother of the E. I.
Co. gratis. He prosecuted Suffolk in
1619, and Yelverton in 1620.
The year 1621 was a most notable
one in the life of Lord Bacon. He
celebrated his sixtieth birthday in
great style at York House on January
22, when his friend Ben .Jonson read
a poem in his honor containing these
lines : —
GEORGE SANDYS
BACON
821
" Hail, happy genius of this ancient pile !
How comes it all things so about thee smile ?
The file, the wine, the men, and in the midst
Thou staud'st, as if some mystery thou didst.
England's High Chancellor, the destined heir
lu his soft cradle, to his father's chair ;
Whose even thread the Kates spin round and full,
Out of their choicest and their whitest wool."
January 27 he was created Viscount
St. Albans ; January 30 Pailianieut
met ; February 3, Hacou, iu his speech
referring to the " benefits, attributes,
and acts of government of King
James," says : " This Kingdom now
first in his Majesty's times liath got-
ten a lot or portion in the New World
by the plantation of Virginia and the
Summer Islands. And certainly it is
with the Kingdoms on earth as it is in
the Kingdom of heaven ; sometimes a
grain of mustard-seed proves a great
tree. Who can tell - "
On March 14 a cloud appeared on
the horizon, and from that day his
fall began. During the rest of March
and the month of April he was on
trial, and as he expressed it, " in pur-
gatory." On May 1 the Great Seal
was taken from him, and two days
after he was fined and imprisoned
for a few days in the Tower. " Ban-
ished from public life, he had now
ample leisure to attend to his philo-
sophical and literary pursuits." His
severities were thought to prove, by
accident, happy crosses. " Methinks
they are resembled by those of Sir
George Sommers, who being bound
by his employment to another coast,
was by tempest cast upon the Bar-
inudas. And tlierefore a ship wrack'd
man made full discovery of a new tem-
perate fruitful Region, which none
had before inhabited ; and which Mar-
iners, who had only seen its rocks,
had esteemed an inaccessible and en-
chanted place."
The Rev. Joseph Mead wrote from
Christ College, April 6, 1622, to Sir
Martin Stuteviile : " My Lord Veru-
lam's History of Henry VII. is come
forth. I have not read much of it,
but they say it is a very pretty book
who have read it. The price is six
shillings."
Tlie projected Spanish match failed ;
the Spaniards requiring among other
things that '' James I. should sur-
render, unto the King of Spain, Vir-
ginia and the B;jrmudas, and altogether
quit the West Indies;" and the same
year (1622) Bacon wrote " An Adver-
tisement touching an Holy War, with
Questions about the lawfulness of a
War for the proj)agation of Religion; "
in 1624 he published his " Consider-
ations touching a War with Spain,"
inscribed to Prince Charles. King
James declared war on Spain, March
10, 1624.
Lord Bacon died in the Earl of
Arundell's House at Highgate, April
9, 1626, expiring in the arms of Sir
Julius CcBsar, who liad married his
niece, and was buried in St. Michael's
Church, St. Albans. "That glorious
and melancholy instance of the extent
of human wisdom and weakness, the
Philosopher Bacon, found, after his
disgrace, an asylum in the bosoms of
his nephew aud niece; composed many
of his immortal works in an utter re-
tirement in the house of Sir Julius
Caisar ; became a dependent upon his
beneficence for a becoming support,
and expired in his arms." (Lodge's
" Life of Sir Julius Ctesar.")
The first wife of Sir Julius C.'esar
was a sister of Captain John Martin
of Brandon on the James iu Virginia,
and while Bacon was living with, Mar-
tin corresponded with. Sir Julius.
In Bacon's Advice to Sir George
Villiers, in the article of " Colonies, or
foreign Plantations," and also, in his
essay " Of Plantations," we find some
of the same sentiments which had been
expressed in the Broadsides of the
Council for Virginia. He may have
taken these ideas from those Broad-
sides, or he may have been one of tlie
original authors of them, as he was a
member of that Council. Some of
the sentiments of the essay obtained
in the Virginia Council as early as
1609 ; but the reference to the tobacco
trouble in Virginia indicates that it
was not completed as published until
after 1622. It was probably written
or rewritten especially for his en-
larged edition of Essays published in
1625. His reference to merchants
indicates that he was friendly to the
Sandys faction of the Va. Co., and
his statement, that "it is the sinful-
lest thing in the world to forsake or
destitute a plantation once iri forward-
ness," was probably a rap at Ralegh.
May not Bacon have aided Shake-
822
BACON — BAMFIELD
speare in compiling some of his plays ?
It was the custom of the time for sev-
eral writers (taking different series of
characters, I suppose) to engage on
the same play, and Bacon always had
a fancy for such things.
Lord Bacon was first cousin to Sir
James Bacon, of Friston Hall, the an-
cestor of Colonel Nathaniel Bacon of
the Virginia Council, of Nathaniel
Bacon, the first Virginia rebel, and of
Martha Bacon, from whom the pres-
ent (1890) President of the United
States doubly descends.
Badger, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s.
BafSn, Williani, pilot of the Pa-
tience in Hall's voyage to Green-
land, April to September, 1G12 ; chief
pilot of the celebrated expedition of
Capt. Benjamin Joseph to Spitzber-
gen, April to September, 1G13 ; went
the next year on the same voyage ;
but with Master Thomas Sherwin and
Robert Fotherbie went out on a dis-
covery, also, April to October, 1614.
(This Robert Fotherbie, I suppose,
was related to Henry Fotherbie, some-
time secretary of the Virginia Com-
pany, and afterwards, possibly clerk
of the New England Company.
Robert Fotherbie made a voyage to
the Northeast himself. May to Sep-
tember, 1615, and was afterwards in
the emplo}- of the E. I. Co. at Dept-
ford from October, 1615, to 16i:l.)
Baffin was the pilot of Byleth's
voyage to the Northwest, March to
September, 1615, and again, March to
August, 1616. He was master's mate
on a voyage to the East Indies,
March 5,^617, to September, 1619;
master on a second voyage to the
East Indies from early in 1620 to
January 23, 1622, on which day he
was killed " whilst taking the angles
of the Castle Wall" at the siege of
Kishm in the Persian Gulf. " He was
one of the first to endeavor to deter-
mine longitude at sea by astronomical
observations."
Bagge, James, of Plymouth, mer-
chant. Son of George Bagge, of Wev-
moutli. M. P. for Plvmouth, KJOl
and 1604-11 ; M. C. 'for Va. Co.,
1606 ; comptroller of the customs at
Plymouth and Fowey ; deputy mayor
of Plymouth in 1623. He married
Margaret, daughter of John Sloue,
Esq. ; was buried at St. Andrew's
Church, Plymouth, April 6, 1624.
His eldest son bore his name, and it
is sometimes hard to distinguish be-
tween father and son. One or the
other of them was an agent for the
E. I. Co. at Plymouth in 1619, etc.,
and " June 28, 1620, the Virginia
Company gave Mr. James Bagge ^'re
shares " of land in Virginia.
Bagge, James, son of the above ;
M. P. for Bodmin in 1621-22 ; West
Looe, 1624-25 ; East Looe, 1625-26,
and Plympton, 1628-29 ; knighted at
Saltcombe, Devon, September 19, 1625;
governor of Plymouth Castle ; member
of " ye Councell for New England"
June 26, 1632 ; voted to resign the
N, E. charter, April 25, 1635. In No-
vember, 1635, he was before the Star
Cliamber. "He was the creature of
Buckingham, and the 'bottomless
bar/ge ' of the patriot Eliot."
Baker, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Probably the father of Sir Rich-
ard Baker.
Baker, Sir Richard. Historian ;
born about 1568; died in Fleet prison,
February 18, 1645. He was first
cousin to Sir John Scott.
Baker, Thomas. Sub. ; pd.
£100. (Attorney, Guildhall ; died Oc-
tober 6, 1633 ?).
Baldwm, Francis, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Ball, Richard, an eminent London
merchant ; of the E. I. and N. W. P.
Cos. In 1618 he is mentioned as hav-
ing fitted out two ships for the discov-
ery of an island in the West Indies.
He died after 1624. His brother,
George Ball, a factor for the E. I.
Co. at Bantam, was recalled because
of his notorious abuses. Richard was
a leading opponent of the Smythe
party in the Va. Co. during 1622-24.
His name has generally been trans-
cribed from the records as Bull ; but
Ball is correct.
Baltimore, Lord. — George Calvert.
Bamfield — Bampfield, Sir Atni-
as, 3. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. The
Bampf velds have been settled at Polti-
more, Devonshire, since the reign of
Edward I. Sir Amias was M. P. for
Devon, 1.597-98; knighted at Windsor,
July 9, 1603 ; died February 9, 1626,
and was buried at North Mollon, Dev-
on. Ancestor of Lords Poltimore.
BANBURY — BARGRAVE
823
Banbury, Earl of. — William Knol-
lys.
Bancroft. Richard, Bishop of Lon-
don, etc. Was born in lot! ; edu-
cated at Jesus College, Cambridge;
under the patronage of Sir Christo-
pher Hatton about 1585 ; made Bishop
of London, 1597 ; Archbishop of Can-
terbury, 1604: ; Chancellor of the Uni-
versity of Oxford, 1608. Died No-
vember 2, 1610, and was interred in
Lambeth Church.
In my remarks on XLIX., I have
stated my belief that this first draft
was given by Wingfield to Bancroft,
and by Bancroft to the Lambeth Li-
brary. It seems natural that Wing-
field should do this, as in his defense
of himself from the charge of athe-
ism, etc., he makes the following di-
rect appeal to Bancroft : —
" For my first worke (which was to
make a right choice of a spirituall
pastor), I appeale to the reinembraunce
of my Lo. of Caimt : his grace, who
gave me very gracious audience in
my request. And the World kuoweth
whome I took with me : truly, in my
opinion, a man not any waie to be
touched with the rebellious humors of
a popish spirit, nor blemished with ye
least suspition of a factius scismatiek,
whereof I had a special care." (See
Rev. Robert Hunt.)
If Bancroft placed Wingfield's ap-
peal (as I think) on record in Lam-
beth Library, it would seem to be an
indorsation by him of the correctness
of that appeal.
Capt. John Smith, writing in 1630,
in that prevaricating and misleading
style which developed with his age,
says : "But Jamestowne was 509
pounds a yeare, as they say, appointed
by the Councell here, allowed by the
Councell there, and confirmed by the
Archbishop of Canterbury his Grace,
Primate and Metropolitan of all Eng-
land, An. 1605 to Master Richard Hac-
luit Prebend of Westminster : who by
his authority sent Master Robert Hunt
an honest, religious and courageous
Divine." A tangle of truth and false-
hood. The charter was not sealed
until April, 1606, and poor Hunt's
salary was certainly less than £50.
" 500 pounds a yeare "would be equiv-
alent to over 810,000 per annum, pres-
ent values.
Banister. See Bannister.
Banks, John, mercer, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £112 10s. Born about 1571 ;
apprenticed to Baptist Hicks; admit-
ted a member of the Mercers' Com-
panv in 151)9 ; of the E. I. Co. in
160V ; N. W. P. Co., 1612 ; B. I. Co.,
1615. Was master of the Mercers
when he died, September 9, 1630.
There is " a faire monument to him in
the Parish Church of St. Michael the
Quern, in the North He, mentioning
his many acts of charity " : —
" Much was to liim committed much lie gave,
Entering his treasure there where all shall have
Return with use. Wliat to the poor is given
Claims a just promise of reward in heaven."
His only daughter and heir, Anne,
married, July 5, 1631, Edmond Waller
(the poet), of Berkensfield in Buck-
inghamshire. She died after Decem-
ber, 1631, and her hixsband probably
inherited her interests in Virginia and
the Bermudas. Capt. Henry Waller
of the Massachusetts Company, and a
relative of the poet's, aided him in
securing his bride, whom he stole
from her guardians.
Banks, Miles, cutler, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £.10.
Bannister, Richard, merchant, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £50. " Licensed to
make cloths and beaver for twenty-
one years, March 24, 1618."
Barber, Edward. See Barkham.
Barber, Thomas, merchant, 2.
Sul). ; pd. £62 10s. of the E. I.
and X. W. P. Cos.
Bargrave (Baigar), Capt. George.
Sub. ; pd. . Robert Bar-
grave, of Bridge in Kent, had by his
wife Joanna, daughter of John Gil-
bert, of Sandwich, three daughters
and six sons. One of the daughters,
Ingle or Angel Bargrave, married,
October 4, 1604, Rev. John Boys
(1571-1625), afterwards Dean of Can-
terbury. The sons were: Rev. Thomas
(who came to Virginia about 1619, and
died there in 1621, leaving his library,
valued at 100 marks, to the college at
Henrico), Richard, Capt. John, Robert,
Capt. George, aiid Rev. Isaac Bar-
grave (1586-1643), afterwards Dean
of Canterbury. Capt. George Bar-
grave was born about 1584. He was
captain of the Edwin in 1618 and
1619, and I suppose, before and after
those dates. The Edwin was sent to
824
BARGRAVE — BARKHAM
the Bermudas in March, 1614 ; re-
mained there some time, and returned
to England in tlie winter of 1614-15.
She made another voyage to the S. I.
in 1615 ; and sailed from England on
a third voyage in February, 161 ^ ; soon
after her arrival in the S. I , " being a
barke of very good sayle," she was
sent to the West Indies, from whence
she returned late in the summer of
1616, loaded with lignum vit:e, certain
plants and fruits, and " a Negroe the
first thes Islands ever had.^^ From the
Bermudas, the Edwin returned to Eng-
land, arriving there some time before
March 5, 161^, on which day the Va.
Co. allowed Capt. George Bargrave
five shares for services rendered. He
made a fourth voyage (probably to
Virginia) in 1617-18, about which
there was some trouble on his return
in the spring of 1618. His fifth voy-
age, in 1619, was certainly to Vir-
ginia, where he arrived in the spring
of 1619. He married Dorcas, daugh-
ter of John Martin. (I am very sure
this was our Capt. John Martin.) See
also the next.
Bargrave, Capt. John. Sub. ;
pd. ; of Patricksborne in Kent,
born about 1578. He tells us that,
" after 10 yeares service in the Avarres
in the summer tyme and at my study
in the wynter," he became interested
in the Virginia Colony, and claimed to
be " the first person who established
a private plantation in Virginia," I
infer, about the year 1618. His
brother George was captain ; James
Bret, master; and he was part owner
of the Edwin. He claimed to have
"a patent of free trade from the
Va. Co.," and prior to 1619 "had
bought and set out divers ships." On
the return of the Edwin from the S. I.,
probably via Virginia, the company
allowed him fifteen shares of land in
Virginia for his services, on March 5,
161^', and on her return in 1618 he
gave Lord Zouch an indemnifying
bond May 4, and the Edwin was
allowed to pass up to London on May
13. There was a long dispute be-
tween Sir Thomas Smythc and Capt.
John Bargrave in regard to his trade
to Virginia and the S. I., which began
prior to 1619, and continued as long as
Smythc lived. There were claims on
both sides. Smythe sued him for
£500 due the Va. Co., and he claimed
heavy damages for being debarred
certain privileges of free trade, and of
his private plantation. All of his
claims were denied by the officials of
the company prior to 1619. Early in
1620 he was granted a patent for
lands in Virginia by the Sandys ad-
ministration, and soon after transferred
ten shares to sundry persons. In Feb-
ruary, 162 J, he presents his " learned
treatise upon the government of Vir-
ginia, by a gentleman refusing to be
named," — who signs as " Ignotus," —
to the Va. Co., and it is considered by
a committee in February, April, and
June, 1621, and is continually referred
to by Bargrave in his petitions, etc.,
until October, 1624. Bargrave 's broth-
er Isaac was one of the actors in
George Ruggle's Latin comedy of
" Ignoramus," and it is thought that
Ruggle aided him in his treatise
signed " Ignotus." He married, prior
to 1600, Jane, daughter of Giles
Crouch, of London, and at the visita-
tion of Kent in 1619 had two sons
and two daughters living. It is fre-
quently hard to distinguish the cajjtains
Bargrave. Capt. (ieorge certainly
made several voyages to Virginia.
Capt. John " sent servants and ship-
ping thither ; " but I doubt if he ever
went there himself.
Barker, Robert, cordwainer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Barker, Mr. (Robert), stationer.
Pd. £5. The son of Christopher
Barker, " The Queen's [Elizabeth]
Printer." He was " The King's
[James I.] Printer ; " made free of
the Stationers' Company, per patri-
monium, June 25, 1589, and was ad-
mitted to the livery, July 1, 1592.
With George Bishop and Ralfe New-
berie, he printed Hakluyt's " Principal
Navigations " in 1598. He was the
printer and patentee of the new trans-
lation (1611) of the Bible. Died
January 10, 164|, while a prisoner in
the King's Bench for debt.
Barkham, Edv^ard, draper, 3.
Sub. £37 10s ; pd. £12 10s. Stith
gives this name as Barber, the Kim-
bolton MS. as Barker, and Strype also
gives it as Barker, in his list of the
lord mayors ; but the correct name is
Barkham. He was the son of Edward
Barkham by his second wife, Eliza-
i
BARKHAM — BARRINGTON
825
beth Rolfe, of Norfolk ; was a mem-
ber of the E. I. Co. ; alderman of
London, successively, of Farringdon
and Cheap wards ; sheriff in IGll ;
lord mayor 1621-22 ; knighted June
16, 1622 ; readmitted into the Va.
Co., July 3, 1622 ; will dated Janu-
ary 15, 1632. Died January 15, 163^.
His son Edward's (created a baronet
in 1623 ; M. P. for Boston hi 1625 and
1626) daughter Margaret married
Sir Edmund Jennings, of Ripon, and
was the mother of Edmund Jennings
(acting governor of Virginia, 1710),
an ancestor of Gen. R. E. Lee, and
of very many other distinguished Am-
ericans.
Sir Edward Barkham's (the lord
mayor) daughter Jane married Sir
Charles C:esar (master of the rolls),
the nephew of Capt. John Martin ;
another daughter Margaret was the
wife of Sir Anthony Irby.
Barneham, Sir Francis, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Boughton Mon-
chelsea ; knighted, with his father,
July 23, 1603 ; M. P. Grampound,
1604-11 ; Maidstone, 1614, 1621-22,
1624-25, 1625-26, 1628-29, 1640, and
1640 till decease about 1645. He was
first cousin to Sir Francis Bacon's wife.
Earners — Berners, Anthony,
esquire, 2. Sub. £37 10s ; pd. £100.
Barnes, alias Baron, Edward,
mercer, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £62
10s. Son of Richard Baron by his
second wife, Margaret Morton ; ad-
mitted into the Mercers' Company by
patrimony in 1586 ; warden in 1601
and liJlO ; master in 1615. His father
and himself were both benefactors of
the Mercers.
Barnes, Sir George, the elder,
haberdasher. "Dwelled in Barthol-
omew Lane." Sheriff of London, 1545-
46 ; the first merchant adventurer to
Barbary, Russia, and Genoa ; an in-
corporator of the first organized Eng-
lish company for discovery, etc., 1551 ;
lord mayor, and knighted, 1.552-53 ;
" a principall doer " in sending Sir
Hugh Willoiighby to the N. E. in
1553 ; one of " the first four Con-
suls " of the Mereliant Adventurers,
February 6, 15.j3. He is mentioned
most kindly in the farewell letter of
Bishop Ridley (the martyr), October,
1555. Died February 8, 1558, and
was buried in the Church of St. Bar-
tholomew the Little. He married
Alice, daughter of Mr. Brooke, of
Shropshire. She died in 1559, leaving
two sons and two daughters, George
(of whom hereafter), John, Anne, and
Elizabeth. John married Jane Lang-
ton ; left two daughters. Anne mar-
ried, first, Alexander Carliell, of Lon-
don, leaving at least one son and one
daughter : namely, Captain Christo-
pher Carliell, and Alice, who married
Christopher Hudson.
Anne Barnes-CarlicU married, sec-
ondly, Sir Francis Walsingham, but
left no issue by him. Elizabeth Barnes
married Sir John Rivers, Lord Mayor
of London, in 1573. He died in 1584,
leaving six sons and three daughters.
Captain John Rivers was the second
sou.
Barnes, Sir George, the younger,
haberdasher. Eldest son of Sir
George, the elder aforesaid ; was a
leading merchant adventurer ; alder-
man of London, 1574 ; sheriff", 1576 ;
interested in Fenton's voyage, 1582-
83, and in Davis's voyages to the
N. W., 1585-87 ; Lord Mayor of Lon-
don, and knight, 1586-87. John Stow
dedicated the 1587 edition of " The
Chronicles of England " to him. Presi-
dent of St. Thomas's Hospital, 1591.
Died February 8, 1592. " He dwelled
in Lombard Street, over against the
George, in the house which was Sir
William Chester's, and was buried in
the Church of St. Edmond the King,
hard by." He married Anne, daughter
of Sir William Gerrard, and had issue
by her one daughter and eight sons.
The daughter, Anne Barnes, married
W.alter Marler, and the eldest son,
William Barnes, married Anne, sister
of Sir pjdwin Sandvs.
Barnes, William, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Son of Sir Geoi-ge,
the younger (the preceding); married
Anne Sandys.
Barnevelt. See Olden Barnevelt.
Baron, Christopher, elothworker,
2. Sub. ; pd. £62 10s.
Barrett, William, " king's grocer,"
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £25. Of the
E. I. Co.
Barrington, Sir Francis, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Great-great-
grandson of Georgia, Duke of Clar-
ence, brother to Edward IV. ; was
M. P. for Essex, 1601 ; knighted at
826
BARROS — BEADLE
Theobald's, May 7, 1603 ; M. P. Es-
sex, 1604-11 ; created a baronet,
June 29, 1011 ; M. P. Essex, 1621-22,
1624-25, 1625, 1626, and 1627-28.
Died July 3, 1628. He married Joan,
daughter of Sir Henry Cromwell,
and aunt of the Protector Crotiiwell.
Their daughter Joan married Sir
Richard Everard, and Bishop William
Meade of Virginia was a descendant
of theirs. Lady Joan Barrington sur-
vived her husband. See the letters
written to her by Rev. Roger Wil-
liams, in 1629, published in " N. E.
Register," July, 1889, pp. 316, 320.
Barros, John. Joan de Barros,
" the Portuguese Livy." He died in
1571. (jilbert refers to him in his
Discourse of the N. W. P.
Bartle, Barklet, Bartley, Peter,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. On
November 15, 1619, he sold his three
shares in Virginia to Dr. Theodore
Gulston.
Barton, Captain George. A sol-
dier in the Low Country wars.
Baskerville, Sir Thomas.
Greatly distinguished himself as a cap-
tain in the Low Country wars. The
Duke of Parma said of him at Sluys,
in 1587 : "There serves no prince in
Europe a braver man than this Eng-
lishman." Kniglited by Lord Wil-
loughby, at Bergen, in November,
1588 ; " went to France with Wil-
loughby in 1589 ; commanded the gar-
rison at the Rammekens in 1592 ;
commanded troops sent to Brittanj^
1594 ; appointed colonel general of
the soldiers in the fleet of Drake and
Hawkins, June 21, 1595 ; commanded
troops in Picardy in 1596, where he
died of a fever, June 4, 1597. He
married Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas
Throckmorton (see pedigree).
Basse, Humphrey, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 lOs. Of the E. I. and N. W.
P. Cos.
Bateman, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. " xV member of the Skin-
ners' Company ; was joined in com-
mercial matters with Nicholas Ferrar
the elder, and otliers." He was the
second son of Richard Bateman, of
Hartington, County Derby ; baptized
there Se])tember 8, 1561 ; an incor-
porator of the E. I. Co., 1600 ; of the
N. W. P. Co., 1612 ; he served on the
committee, and was an auditor and
solicitor to the E. I. Co. ; M. P. for
Weymouth, 1614 ; deputy governor
of the company for bringing a new
river to London, 1619 ; one of the
treasurers of the E. I. Co., 1620 ; M.
P. for London, 1621-22 ; recom-
mended to the Va. Co. by King James
as a fit person for their deputy treas-
urer in May, 1622; M P. for London,
1624-25 ; member of the royal com-
mission for winding up tlie Va. Co.,
July 15, 1624. I think he was a
member of the Company of Massa-
chusetts Bay in New England, 1629.
Was chamberlain of the City of Lon-
don. Died December 11, 1644 ; will
dated August 3, 1641; proved August
2, 1645. He founded and endowed
the divinity lectureship of Ashbourne,
County Derby, and was a benefactor
to the Skinners' Company. He was
married twice, and left four sons: first,
Robert, of Rotterdam, Holland ; sec-
ond. Sir William; third. Sir Anthony,
lord mayor in 1664 ; and fourth, Sir
Thomas, created a baronet in 1664.
The last three were aldermen of Lon-
don and suffered great losses by the
fire of 1666.
Bathe, Earl of. — William Bour-
chier.
Bathurst, Timothy, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Having served
his apprenticeship to Launcelot Bath-
urst, was admitted to the freedom
of the Grocers' Company, January
14, 1577 ; to the livery. May 24, 1596;
paid £15 as his sliare of the £20,000
levied on the city by Queen Elizabeth
in 1598 ; junior warden of the Grocers
in 1609 ; became insolvent during liis
wardenship, and was found to be a de-
faulter at the expiring of his term to
the extent of £368, which the senior
warden, Edmond Peshall, was required
by the court (of the company) to pay,
because he knew of Wai'den Bathurst's
insolvency. (Launcelot Bathurst, al-
derman, was ancestor of the present
Earl Bathurst.)
^ >tr^'^^ ^'~Z20 ^-^
Bayley, Thomas, vintner, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Beadle — Bedell, Gabriel, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
BEADLE — BERKLEY
827
Beadle — Bedell, John, 2. Sub.
; £12 lOs.
Beale, Ed'ward, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Admitted to free-
dom, 1.j94 ; to livery, 1G09 ; to the
Court of Assistants, March 14, 1G21.
Beale, Robert (l.-j-ll-lGOl). Di-
plomatist and antiquary.
Beaumont, John, elothworker, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Beaumont, Sir Thomas, the elder,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £2o. Knighted
April 23, 1G03 ; M. P. Taraworth,
1605-11. Died November 27, 1014.
Beck, Charles. Pd. £25.
Beck, William, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Bedford, Countess of. — Lucy
Harrington.
Bedford, Earl of. — Edward Rus-
.sell.
Bedingfield, Sir Henry, 3. Sid).
; pd. £37 10s. Of Oxburgh Hall,
Norfolk ; knighted at Wliitehall, July
i:l, 1G04 ; M. P. for Norfolk, 1614 ;
fought under the royal standard in the
civil war. Died November 22, 1656.
In 1607 George Wilson dedicated to
him " The Commendation of Cock-
Fighting. AVhereiii is shewed that
cock-fighting was before the coming
of Christ "
Bell, Robert, merchant, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of the N. W. P.
Co., and one of the directors of the
E. I. Co. ; on the Virginia Commission
of July 15, 1624. He married Alice,
daughter of Ralphe Colston, of Essex ;
was deputy alderman of Lime Street
ward, Loudon, m 1633, and was living
in 1634.
Bennet, George, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Also of E. I. and N. W.
P. companies.
Bennet, Sir John, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Judge of High
Court of Admiralty, and of the Pre-
rogative Court of Canterbury ; M. P.
Ripon, 1597-98 ; York, 1601 ;" knighted
at Whitehall, July 23, 1603 ; M. P.
Ripon, 1604-11, Oxford University,
1614 and 1621, until expelled. Died
in 1627. His grandson, Henry Bennet,
was created Earl of Arlington.
Bennet, William, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. One of the six
wardens of the Fislimongers in 1605.
Benson, Nicholas, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £75. " He was the sixth
son of Richard Benson, of the North
parts of England, nigh Kendall, in
Heram parish "
Benson, Peter, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Of Knaresborough ; a friend
of Sir William Craven's. He became
interested in the plantation of Ulster,
Ireland.
Berkeley — Berkley — Barkley,
etc. Berkeley, Sir Charles. Eldest
son of Sir Maurice Berkeley, of Bru-
ton, County Somerset. Born about
1597 ; M. P. for Somerset from March,
1621, to February, 1622 ; for Bodmin,
1624-25 ; Hevtesbury, 1625, 1626,
and 1628-29 ; 'for Bath in 1640, and
again in 16(>1, until void ; knighted at
Bewlej^, August 2(5, 1623. Father of
Charles, created Viscount Fitzhar-
dinge, in Ireland, March 17, 1664, and
Earl of Falmouth, iu England, whom
he succeeJed in the Irish Viscountcy
of Fitzhardinge, June 3, 1665, and
died June 12, 1668. He was the old-
est brother of Sir William Berkeley,
the governor of Virginia.
Berkeley, EdAvard, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. He came to Vir-
ginia, and was living on Hog Island
in 1625.
Berkeley, George, merchant, 2.
Sub. £37 lOs. ; pd. £12 10s. " Being
a childe, he was transported into the
East Countries." Purchas, vol. iii.
pp. 625-631, gives the narrative of his
travels in I2urope, Asia, Africa, and
America. He went twice to the Ber-
mudas. Smith calls him " Master
Bartlet." In 1615 he went out to the
East Indies as factor for the com-
pany, and died there in 1618.
Berkley, Sir Maurice, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £80. Sir Richard Berkeley,
knight, of Stoke (iifford in Glouces-
ter, died in 1514, leaving by Elizabeth
his wife, daughter of Sir Humphrey
Coningsby, two sons, namely. Sir
ilohn Berkeley (ancestor of Norborne
Berkele}^ Baron de Botetourt, gov-
ernor of Virginia, 1768-70), and Sir
Maurice Berkeley, Knight of the Bath,
of Bruton in Somersetshire, stand-
ard-bearer to Henry VIII., Edward
VI., and Queen I^lizabeth ; who, by
his first wife, Catherine, daughter of
William Blount, Loi'd Montjov, and
his wife, Alice Kebel (Cabell), had
a son. Sir Henry Berkeley, who was
the father of Sir Maurice Berkeley,
828
BERKELEY — BING
of Bruton, Somerset, of whom I write ;
which Sir Maurice was knighted
by Essex for gallantry at Cadiz, in
1596 ; M. P. for Truro, 1597-98 ; for
Somerset, 1601, and for Minehead,
1604-11 ; M. C. for Va., March 9,
1607 ; M. C. for Va. Co., May 23,
1609 ; about 1610 he was an under-
taker for 2,000 acres of land in Ul-
ster, Ireland; M. P. for Somerset in
1614. lie married Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir William, and sister of Sir
Robert Killigrew, of Hanworth, Mid-
dlesex, and died prior to May 10, 1617.
George Lord Carew, writing to Sir
Thomas Roe (who was in East India)
under May, 1617, says, " Sir Maurice
Berkeley is lately dead, who was a
gentleman, as you know, of many good
parts." He left five sons, all of whom
were knights, and two daughters,
namely, 1. Sir Charles (whom see) ;
2. Sir Henry, baptized December 8,
1600 ; 3. Sir Maurice, baptized April
24, 1603 ; 4. Sir John, baptized Feb-
ruary, 1606-07 (the first Baron Berke-
ley, of Stratton, and a proprietor of
Carolina) ; 5. Sir William, baptized
July 16, 1608 (governor of Vii'ginia,
1641, etc.) ; 1. Margaret, and 2. Jane,
daughters.
On the 12th of April, 1621, Lady
Berkeley (widow of Sir Maurice) was
admitted into the Va. Co. of London
for one share, and February 13, 1622,
five and a half more shares were al-
lowed her.
Berkeley, Richard, esquire. Of
Stoke ; son of Henry Berkeley and
his wife Muriel, daughter of Thomas
Throckmorton, of Warwick ; was born
in 1578 ; married in February, 159^,
Mary, daughter of Robert Roe,
Esq., and sister to Sir Thomas
Roe. Richard Berkeley was first
cousin to the wife of Sir Thomas Dale
and to Sir William Throckmorton
(see Throckmorton pedigree), with
whom, together with George Thorpe
and John Smythe of Nibley, he en-
tered into an agreement to form a
plantation in Virginia, on February 3,
161 1 ; which ])lantation was after-
wards named lor him, "the towne
and hundred of Berkley." He was
probably retaining his interest in this
plantation as late as August, 163.3 ;
but what disposition he finally made
of it I do not know. He died May
12, 1661. He had issue five sons and
five daughters. His eldest son. Sir
Maurice Berkeley, knighted Septem-
ber 11, 1661, died in 1654, was
father of Richard, the father of John
Syms, the father of Norborne Berke-
ley, Baron de Botetourt, who was
governor of Virginia, 1768—70.
Berkley, Robert, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Spetchley,
County Worcester. Born 1584 ; en-
tered Middle Temple, 1600 ; called to
bar. May 6, 1608 ; sheriff of Worces-
ter, 1613 ; sergeant at law, 1627 ;
knighted in 1632 ; justice of King's
Bench, October 11, 1632 ; removed,
1640. Died August 5, 1656 ; buried
at Spetchley. Probably M. P. for
Worcester, 1621-22 and 1623-24.
Berkeley, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Berkshire, Earl of. — Francis Lord
Norris.
Bernard, Captain John. S. I.
Co. Governor of Bermudas. Son of
Thomas Barnard, of Elsingham in Es-
sex.
Berresford, Robert (Rovrland),
grocer, 2. Sub. ; pd. ;
sworn to the freedom, January 27,
1607.
Berty — Bertie, Peregrine, es-
quire, 3. Sub. ; pd. . Second
son of Peregrine Bertie, Baron Wil-
loughby de Eresby. Capt. John
Smith's master, with whom he went
to France in 1599. He died in 1640.
Biancourt. See Poutrincourt.
Biard, Father Peter. Born at
Grenoble, Finance in 1565 ; died in
France, 1622.
Biggs, Captain Walter. The
chronicler of the voyage, died shortly
after leaving Cartagena.
Bill, Mr. , stationer. Pd.
£3. John Bill, king's printer. Died
in 1630, aged fifty-six ; buried under
a fair monument in Black Friar's
Church.
Bing, W. Probably Mr. Byng of
Grantchester, counselor, of Gray's
Inn, whose servant got into such seri-
ous trouble in January, 1622, by say-
ing a good word for Sir Edward Coke.
Lord Coventry, in explaining why
Bing was not placed on the Virginia
Commission of July, 1624, wrote that
he was " a mere good fellow, of no es-
tate, who, for ott'cnsive behavior to
BINGLEY — BLAND
829
Lord Southampton, had been com-
mitted to tlie Marshalsea."
Bingley, John, esquire, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £125. " August 2, 1G04,
grant in reversion to liiin, of the office
of writing tallies in the receipt of the
Exchequer," i. e., teller of the ex-
chequer. He afterwards became re-
membrancer of the exciiequer ; M. C.
for Va. Co., ir)12.
July 22, 1G17, George Gerrard wrote
to Carleton : " Mr. Bingley of the
Exchequer has married Sir John
Grey's widow, the mother of Lord
Grey." (Elizabeth, daughter of Ed-
ward Nevil, Lord Abergavenny, widow
of the Hon. Sir John Grey, and
mother of Henry, second Lord Grey
of Groby, who married the Lady Anne
Cecil, and was created Earl of Stam-
ford, ]\Iarch 2G, 1628.) He must
have married twice, as he is said to
have " married a daughter of Thomas
Henshaw, silk-man, and servant to
King James." He was knighted at
Theobald's, January 10, 1618. In
October, 1619, he was tried, with the
Earl of Suffolk and his countess, and
the Lord Keeper Bacon, in his speech
against the delinquents, compared the
countess to an exchange woman who
kept her shop, while Sir John Bing-
ley, pimping for her, cried, " What
rf' ye lack ? " In November he was
committed to the Fleet and fined
£2,000 ; afterwards released on his
resigning his office, and on November
21, 1622, he obtained a pardon of his
sentence and fine. He was still living
in 1629. The date of his death is not
known to me.
Bingley, Sir Richard, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Knighted at Otelands
in 1611 ; he was a member of the Af-
rican Company in 1618 ; convoyed a
Dunkirk privateer to Mardike in Sep-
tember, 1()23.
Biondi, Francesco. Born in Lie-
sena, an island of Dalmatia, in the
Gulf of Venice, in 1572 ; was intro-
duced by Sir Henry Wotton, to the
notice of King James, who sent him
with secret commission to the Duke
of Savoy, and afterwards made him
a gentleman of the bed-chamber. He
was knighted at Windsor, September,
6, 1622. He wrote a " History of the
Civil Wars betwixt the Houses of York
and Lancaster," " Tlie Banish'd Vir-
gin," etc. He died in 1644. His wife,
Mary, was sister to Theodore de May-
erne, the king's physician.
Bishop. Edward, stationer, 2. Sub.
£37; pil. £75.
Bishop, George, stationer. Pd.
£10. Master of the company in 1609 ;
" gave ten poundes a yeare forever
to be given unto such unbeneficed
preachers as shall preach at Paules
Crosse." One of the printers of the
works of Hakluyt, Brereton, Rosier,
and Pory ; an alderman of London.
He died in 1610.
Blakemore, Richard. Pd. £25.
Bland, Gregory, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £25. Son of Adam Bland, and
brother to John Bland. His daughter
Jane married her first cousin, Edward
Bland, and emigrated to Virginia.
Bland, John ^, grocer. Of Syth
Lane, London, in the parish of St.
Antholiu's, and of Plaistow in Es-
sex ; tenth son of Adam Bland de-
scended of the house of Gibord in
Westmoreland ; born in 1573 ; in-
terested in the Colony of Virginia.
Mr. David Waterhouse transferred
four shares of land there to him, Sep-
tember 16, 1618. He was a leading
member of Sir Edwin Sandys' party
during 1620-24, and was chosen to be
of the Council for Va. Co., June 25,
1623. He was made free of the Gro-
cers' Company in 1626, and was also
free of the Merchant Adventurers.
He died suddenly, April 20, 1632, leav-
ing a very large family and a very
great personal estate, and was buried
in his vault at St. Antholin's.
Four of his sons emigrated to Vir-
ginia, namely, 1. Adam, 2. John-, 3.
Edward, and 4. Theodorick.
1. Adam died on the way there in
164-.
2. John -, a merchant, trading to
Virginia and the West Indies, prob-
ably made his first voyage in 1635.
On March 20, 167 i,, his nephew Ed-
ward, son of his brother Edward, con-
veyed to him by deed 8,000 acres of
land called Kymages in the Parish of
Westover, Charles City County, Vir-
giniii. His son, Giles Bland, settled
on this laud, was collector of lower
James River, took part in Bacon's
Rebellion, and was hanged under the
decree of Berkeley's court-martial in
1676. John 2 Bland died in 1680,
830
BLAND — BOHUN
leaving Kymages to his wife and
Thomas Povey, whose daughter Fran-
ces was the widow of his sou Giles,
aforesaid. Tiiis branch is now extinct.
3. Edward married his cousin Jane,
daughter of Gregory Bland ; came to
Virginia before 1050 and on the 27th
August in that year "set out with
Abraham Wood, Sackford Brewster
and Elias Pennant from Fort Henry
at the head of Appamattuck River in
Virginia, and made a discovery to the
Fals of Bland, to the Southwestward,
in a first River in New Brittaine ivhich
runneth West.^^ In 1652 he published
an account of this discovery which he
dedicated to Sir John Danvers. He
died in 1G53, leaving an only son, Ed-
ward, and was buried at Kymages.
His only grandson, John, never mar-
ried. The News and Hortons descend
from his only granddaughter, Sarah
Bland, who married, first, Edward
New, and, secondly, Alexander Horton.
4. Theodorick, the fourth son of
John 1 Bland the elder to come to
Virginia, was his fifteenth child ; bap-
tized at St. Antholin's, January 16,
l^io '■> "^^^ fi-vsi a merchant witli his
brother Edward at St. Luca in Spain ;
then in the Canary Islands, and shortly
after his brother's death in 1653, he
came to \'irginia. Purchased " Ber-
keley " and " Westover ; " was speak-
er of the House of Burgesses ; mem-
ber of the council, " and was both in
fortune and in understanding inferior
to no person of his time in the coun-
try." He lies buried at Westover.
His descendants have been numerous,
and many of them distinguished, both
in the male and female lines.
Bludder, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of Sir Thomas Blud-
der and Company, merchants of Lon-
don, patentees for the ^jreemption
and exportation of tin ; victualers of
the navy ; farmers of the imposition
for sea-coals, etc. He was knighted
at Chatham, July 4, 1604, as of Essex ;
died in 1G18 ; buried at Ryegate in
Surrey.
Blunt — Blount, John, grocer.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Sworn to free-
dom, August 13, 1600 ; still found on
the books as paying brotherhood money
in 1612.
Blunt, Ned (Edward). Sub. ;
Pd. £12 10s. I suppose this was Ed-
ward Blunt, the stationer and trans-
lator ; admitted a freeman of the Sta-
tioners' Company, June 25, 1588. In
1623 he was one of the printers of the
great First Folio of Sliakespeare ; mar-
ried, before December, 1623, Eliza-
beth, widow of Richard Bankworth ;
died after 1632.
Blunt, Richard. Pd. £12 10s.
Bohun — Boone, Dr. Lawrence.
3. Sub. ; pd. . " Docktor in
phisick." " A long time brought up
amongst the most learned Surgeons
and Physitions in the Netherlands ; "
came to Virginia with Lord De la
Warr in 1610. June 7, 1619, he con-
signed to Richard Boothby, Dr.
Thomas Winston, Hugh Windham,
John Tucker, and John Strange, one
share eacli in Virginia. Prior to Feb-
ruary 2, 1620, " Doctor Bohnne, James
Swifte and their Associates, were
granted patents " for the transportation
of 300 persons to Virginia. He was
one of the " ancient adventurers " who
petitioned " to have some man of
qualitye sent governor unto Virgiuia."
December 13, 1620, he was appointed
a " Phisition Generall for the Colony,
unto which place they had allotted five
hundred acres of Land and twenty
Tenants to be placed theruppon att
the Companies' charge." And soon
after he sailed from England in the
Margaret and John, Captain Chester.
In the latter part of March, 1621, this
vessel had a severe battle with two
Spanish men-of-war in the West In-
dies, in which action Dr. Bohnn was
killed. Seeing that he was mortally
wounded. Captain Chester embraced
him, " and thus recomforted him, say-
ing, Doctor Bohnne what a disaster is
this • the Noble Doctor no whit exan-
imated replyed. Fight it out, brave man,
the cause is good, and Lord receive my
soule."
The Spaniards had been constantly
on the lookout, in the West Indies, for
the vessels of the Virginian adven-
turers ; but after the taking of the
first vessel (Captain Challings), the
English captains in some way eluded
them. The sea-fight of the Mar-
garet and John caused much excite-
ment, and two accounts were pub-
lish(>d, one at Amsterdam, the other
at London. The following is the title
of the latter : " A True Relation of a
IR JOHN SCOTT
BOLLS — BURROUGHS
831
Wonderfiill Sea Fiq;lit betweene two
jjrc.at and well appointed Spanish Ships
or Men of Wane. And A small and
not very well provided Ennlish Ship,
. . . The Margaret and Jolin, or Tlie
Black Hodge. London, Printed for N.
B. 1G21." Smith's History, pp. 128-
130, and Purchas, iv. p. 1780, give
abstracts from this Relation.
Bolls — Booles — Bolles —
Bo'wles, George, esquire, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Born about
1538 ; is found on the Grocers' books as
paying brotherhood money in 1577 ;
was a " retailing grocer " ; a member
of the Rus. Co. ; was admitted on the
Court of Assistants of the Grocers,
and assessed at £30 as his share of
£1,700 contributed by the Grocers to
the loan levied on the city by Queen
Elizabeth in 1598 ; was junior warden
of the Grocers and an adventurer in
the East India voyage in 1599 ; an in-
corporator of the E. I. Co. in 1600.
In 1603 he was executor of the last
will and testament of the Right Wor-
shipful Sir John Hart, whose eldest
daughter, Joan Hart, he had married
in 1590 ; senior warden of the Gro-
cers in 1606 ; sheriff of London in
1608 ; was long an alderman from
Walbrooke ward ; an incorporator of
the N. W. P. Co. in 1612 ; Lord
Mayor of London, 1617-18 ; knighted
at Greenwich, May 31, 1618 ; died
September 1, 1621, and was buried in
the family vault in St. Swithin's, Lon-
don.
" His Charity was better felt than knowne,
For when lie gave, there was no Trumpet blowne.
What more can be compriz'd in one Man's Fame,
To crown a soule, and leave a living Name ? "
Bond, Martin, haberdasher, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Son of Wil-
liam Bond, " the flower of the mer-
chants," an alderman of London, and
merchant adventurer, most famous in
his age for his great adventures both
by sea and laud. Martin Bond was
born in 1558 ; captain of the Train
Band of London at Tilbury Camp,
1588 ; M. P. for London, 1624-25, and
1625; buried May 11, 1643, in St.
Helen's Church, Hishopsgate. He was
treasurer of St. Bartholomew's Hos-
pital, 1619-163G, and his portrait is
still preserved in the hospital ; a mer-
chant adventurer; a benefactor of the
Haberdashers' Company, and the
chief captain of the trained bands of
London from 1588 to his death ; also
in the artillery.
Bond, Thomas, esquire. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Son of William Bond,
Esq., of Hoi wood in Cornwall ; was
M. P. for Launceston, 1521-22, for
Southampton, 1624-25, and for Bos-
siney, 1640, till unseated on petition.
Bond, Sir William, of Highgate,
Middlesex. Kuiglited July 23, 1603 ;
son of Sir George Bond, Lord Mayor,
1587.
Bonham, "William, vintner, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £120. Son of
Thomas Bonham, of Stanway Hall in
Essex ; a prominent citizen of Lon-
don ; a member of the N. W. P. Co.
and a director of the E. I. Co.
Borlace (Burlacie, etc.). Sir John,
2. Sub. ; pd. . " Bred a sol-
dier in the wars of the Low Countries,
where he served with distinction be-
fore the truce of 1608 ;" knighted at
Greenwich, June 19, 1606 ; an officer
of the Tower : married, October 1,
1610, Alice Ravis, widow (probably of
Thomas Ravis, Bishop of London, who
died in 1609) ; served in Sir Horace
Vere's expedition to the Palatinate in
1620, and was one of the commanders
of the 6,000 who were serving in the
United Provinces in 1626. He was
master of the ordnance in Ireland,
1634-49 ; lord justice, Ireland, 1640-
44 ; died early in 1649. He was the
father of Dr. Ednmnd Borlase, the
historian.
Borough — Burroughs — Bur-
rovres — - Borovv/^gh — Brough —
Burgh. Burgh, Sir John. The third
son of William, fourth Lord Burgh.
He was born in 1562 ; went to the
Netherlands with Leicester in 1585 ;
was governor of Doesburg ; knighted
by Leicester in 1586, and by Henry
IV. of France on the field of Ivry
in 1589 ; " admiral of England, re-
nowned for his exploits by sea and
land ; " killed in a duel, it seems, with
John Gilbert, March 7, 1593-94, and
was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Burroughs, William, " navigator
and author." Born in 1536 ; a young-
er brother of Stephen Borowgh, with
832
BOTELER — BRERETON
whom he sailed in the voyages to Rus-
sia of 1553, 1556, and 1557. He con-
tinued to make these voyages for many
vears after ; made a map of Russia,
1574-75; published his " Discourse of
the Variation of the Compass " in 1581 ;
was comptroller of the navy, 1583;
commanded the fleet which took the
Earl of Leicester to Flushing in 1585;
with Drake in the expedition to Cadiz,
1587; commanded a ship in the Ar-
mada fight, 1588; died in 1599.
Boteler. See Butler.
Boulstrode — Bulstrode, Sir
William, 3. Sub. £25 ; pd. .
Knighted at Dublin in 1599; M. P.
for Rutland, lGOl-11, 1621-22, 1624-
25, 1625, 1626, and 1628-29.
Bourchier, Sir John, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Knighted at
Whitehall, June 2, 1609, as of York.
" In 1619 Capt. Nath' Butler brought
S' John Bourchier a letter from his
daughter Mrs. Whittakers in Virginia,
which letter was said to have been a
forgery." (See " Discourse of the Old
Company of Virginia," 1625.) He was
of the King's Council for New Eng-
land in 1620; patented lands in Vir-
ginia in 1621; M. P. for Hull, 1614.
Entered Gray's Inn, 1584. Uncle to
the regicide of the same name.
Bourchier, Williain, Earl of Bath.
Succeeded on the death of his grand-
father in 1560 as fifth baron and third
Earl of Bath ; was in the expedition,
1585-86, to the Netherlands in aid of
the Dutch, under Robert, Earl of
Leicester ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1612-20;
of the King's Council for the N. E.
Co., November 3, 1620 ; died July 12,
1623.
Bourke — Burke, Richard, Earl
of Clanricarde, 3. Sub. ; pd. £20.
Knighted at Tyrone's overthrow at
Kinsale, December 24, 1601, and was
surnamed of Kinsale from the valor
he had displayed against the rebels
there ; succeeded on the death of his
father in 1601 as fourth earl; married
in 1603 Frances, dangliter of Sir Fran-
cis Walsingham, and widow of Sir
Philip Sydney and of Robert, Earl of
Essex ; lord president of Munster,
and one of the councilors of state in
Ireland ; created an English peer,
April 3, 1624, by the titles of Baron
Somerhill and Viscount Tunbridge,
County Kent, and August 23, 1628,
advanced to the earldom of St. Al-
bans ; died in 1635-36.
Bourne — Borne — Bone, David,
2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Of the E. I. Co.
Bourne, Nicholas, stationer. (See
Butter.) May 23, 1622, Nicholas
Bourne and Thomas Archer issued
the first extant copy of " The Weekly
Newes from Italy, Germanie," etc.
Bourne, Reuben, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s.
Bowyer, Sir Edmund, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Knighted at
Charterhouse, May 11, 1603; M. P.
for Surrey, 1604-11, 1614, and for
Gatton, 1624-25. He was of Camber-
well, Surrey.
Bowyer, Robert, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £2.5. I think this was the
keeper of the records in the Tower ;
afterwards clerk of the Parliament.
He was M. P. for Steyning, 1601;
died in 1634.
Bowyer, Robert, grocer. I hink
this was the second son of Francis
Bowyer, sheriff of London in 1578,
and the Robert Bowyer who died
April 2, 1626.
Brackley, Viscount. — Thomas
Egerton.
Brand (or Brond) Benjamin,
esquire, 3. Sub. ; pd. .
Probably the son of John Brond, of
Boxford in Suffolk, by his second wife.
Brath^waite, R., a prolific poet and
writer, was of a Westmoreland fam-
ily; born about 1588: died in 1673.
The most famous of his numerous
works, "Barnaba? Itiuerarium, or
Barnabee's Journal," was first pub-
lished in 1638. " The Smoaking Age,
or the Man in the Mist, with the life
and death of Tobacco," was first pub-
lished in 1617.
Brearley — Bryerley, James, fish-
monger, 2. Sub. ; pd. £87 10s.
Of E. I. Co.
Brereton (see Bretton and Britton),
John, was admitted sizar at Cains
College, Cambridge, 1587, and was
B. A., 1592-93; went to our New Eng-
land coast with Ciosnold in 1602, and
published a " Briefe Relation ' ' of the
voyage. The following items may
refer to him : " Westminster, July
18, 1611. Grant to John Brereton of
Barrow, Co. Chester, of pardon for life
only, for manslaughter."
" Sept. 13, 1613. Letter from Sir
BRET — BROOKE
833
Thomas Smythe to M' Robert Whit-
bee, mayor of the city of Chester. In
behalf of the letter's bearer, John
Brercton, who is desirous to become a
citizen in Chester anil to keep an Inn
there." Symthe commends him to the
mayor's kindly consideration.
Bret, Thomas, fishmonger. Pd.
£_'5.
Bretton — Britton — Brereton,
John, 3. Sub. ; pd. . J'his
may be John Brereton, who went to
the New England coast in 1G02.
Bretton, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s.
Brewsey. See Prusey.
Brewster, Captain IJd'ward, son
of William, 2. Sub. ; pd. £30.
" Son of W^illiam Brewster," in char-
ter of May, 1609 ; came to Virginia
with Lord De la Warr in 1010 ; had
trouble with Governor Argall in 1618,
and returned to England ; June 7,
1619, he transferred one share in Vii'-
ginia to William Cranmer ; Novem-
ber 13, 1620, he transferred four
shares to Sir Francis Wyatt, and there
still remained to his credit on the
books of the company the sura of £30.
In 1616, and after, there was a printer
of the same name in London, but this
was not Captain Edward. Did he go
to New England ?
Brewster, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £20, Was this the Pilgrim Fa-
ther ?
Bridges, John, Lord Bishop of
Oxenford, 3. Sub. ; pd. .
The controversialist ; B. A., Cam-
bridge, in 1556 ; Dean of Salisbury,
1577 ; Bishop of Oxford, 1604. Died
1618, at a great age.
Briggs, Henry, mathematician.
Born at Warley Woods, in the parish
of Halifax, Yorkshire, in February,
1561 ; educated at Cambridge ; M. A.
in 1585 ; professor of geometry in
Gresham College, 1596-1620 ; mem-
ber of N. W. P. Co. in 1612 ; he pro-
moted the use of logarithms, first ex-
plained by Lord Napier in 1614, and
made a journey to Edinburgh in 1616,
on purpose to confer with the discov-
ei'er. The Earl of Warwick passed a
share in Harington Tribe, Bermudas
Islands, to him in 1619. He was pro-
fessor of astronomy at Oxford from
1619 to his death, I suppose, in 1631.
To " A Declaration of the State of
the Colony and Affaires in Virginia,"
published by Edward Waterhouse in
1622, there is " A Treatise annexed,
written by that learned mathematician,
Mr. Henry liriggs, of the Northwest
Passage to tlie South Sea, through the
Continent of Virginia, and by Fretum
Hudson." On page 9, Waterhouse,
referring to this treatise, says, " which
I having happily attained unto, have
published for the common good." It
occupies pp. 45-50, and is signed " H.
B." He was a promoter of the voy-
age of N. W. Fox, but did not live to
see its departure. He died January
26, 1631. Fox sailed in 1631, and
named a group of islands in Hudson's
Bay, " Brigges, his Mathematickes."
Bristol, Earl of. — John Digby.
Britton. See Bretton.
Brochero, Don Diego. Of the
Spanish •■' Council of ^^'arre." A cele-
brated Spanish admiral.
Brocket, Thomas, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Bromfield, Arthur. Sub. ;
pd. £25. M. P. for Yarmouth, Isle
of Wight, 1604-11, 1614, and 1621-22.
' Brooke, Lord. — Fulke Greville.
Brooke — Brookes, Sir Calis-
theues, 2. Sub. ; pd. . Of
Kent ; knighted in the Glynes, Ire-
land, May 8, 1597 ; he was discharged
by Sir Francis Vere, before Ostend,
in Februar3', 1601. January 21, 1609,
Ann Lady Cobham writes to Salisbury,
" soliciting a pension for her son, Calis-
thenes Brooke, wounded in serving
against the rebels in the Irish wars."
Chamberlain to Carleton, from the
Hague, October 5, 1611 : "Sir Calli-
phenes Brook died here lately, leaving
his wife in very poor estate, for they
say he was seven or eight hundred
pounds worse than naught."
Brooke, Christopher, esquire, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. A barrister
of Lincoln's Inn, and a poet ; was the
son of Robert Brooke, alderman, and
twice Lord Mayor of York, by Jane,
daughter of Christopher Maltby (al-
derman of York). " He was the
chamber fellow at Lincoln's Inn, and
the bosom friend of the celebrated Dr.
John Donne, and aided him in 1600, in
his clandestine marriage with Anne,
daughter of Sir George JNIoore. The
indignant father-in-law is said to have
sent the groom and his two friends,
834
BROOKE — BRYDGES
Christopher and Samuel Brook, to
prison." M. P. for the City of York in
1604-lGll ; M. C. for Ya. Co., May
25, 1609.
In 1613 he published " An Elegy on
the Death of Henry, Prince of Wales."
He was the author of several " Eg-
logues, Elegys," etc. ; M. P. for
York City in 1614, when the Virginia
business came before the House, and
took part in the debate thereon ; after-
wards consulted as an attorney by the
Va. Co. of Loudon ; was one of a com-
mittee to represent that company be-
fore the king in 1620 ; continued an
active member of the comjjany ; M. P.
for York City again in 1624-25, 1625,
and 1626 ; buried at St. Andrew's,
Holborn, February 7, 1627-28. He
married, December 18, 1619, Mary
Jacob. His wife died before him,
leaving an only son, John. (Capt.
Christopher Brooks of Virginia was
one of the godfathers of George
Washington.)
Brooke, Henry, Lord Cobham.
Eldest sou of William, seventh Lord
Cobham, whom he succeeded as eighth
lord, March 6, 1597 ; was Lord AVar-
den of the Cinque Ports, and governor
of Dover Castle, 1597 ; Knight of the
Garter, 1599 ; he w^as an enemy to
Essex, and was one of the objects of
the Essex plot of February, 1601 ; a
friend of Ralegh's ; aided in sending
Gosnold to our New England coast, in
the voyage of March 26, to July 1:3,
1602 ; was implicated in the plot
against James I. in 1603 ; a witness
against Ralegh ; was condemned to
die, but his life was spared. His
estates and honors w^ere forfeited, and
he remained in the Tower until 1617,
when he was allowed to go to Bath
for his health. He died January 24,
1()19. The king allowed liim a pen-
sion of about £500 per annum. He
was not concerned in " The Bve Plot "
of 160.3, in behalf of the Catholics,
but in "The Main Plot," "to place
Arabella Stuart on the tlirone, and to
kill ' the king and liis cubs.' "
Brooke, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Long interested in foreign
commercial affairs. The E. I. Co.
thought of sending him to the East
Indies in 1614, but decided to send
Sir Thomas Roe. Was M. P. for Gat-
ton in 1614 ; one of the King's Council
for New England, and a patentee of
lands in Virginia in 1620 ; retained his
interest in the Va. Co. ; M. P. for Bod-
min, 1625 ; on the commission for the
better plantation of Virginia, and a
patron of Luke Fox in his northwe.>-t
voyage in 1631.
Brooke, Richard 2. Sub. ;
pd. £50. Of the E. I. Co.
Brooker, Hugh, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £50. Prothonotary of the
Common Pleas. " He lyeth buried in
Saint Saviour's Church, in the North
He, by the Quire. He gave unto the
Free school £5 per annum forever,
and likewise unto the Poor of the
same parish £5 per annum forever."
(Strype.)
Brough, Captain John. Sub. ;
pd. £25. I believe this to be the Sir
John Brough (or Borough) who was
killed at the Isle of Rd in 1627, aged
forty-one.
Brown, John, merchant - tailor.
Pd. £26.
Brovrn, Richard. " He was slain
about 1577, in The Elizabeth of Mr.
Cockin's, of London."
Brow^n, ■William, cordwayner, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Brown, Sir William, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Only son of Nicho-
las Browne by Eleanor, daughter of
Ralph Shirley ; was born in 1558 ; one
of the Low Country captains ; taken
prisoner at Gravelines. " Sir Philip
Sydney was his particular friend and
patron, and the valiant brethren. Sir
Francis and Sir Horace Vere, wlio
had probably been trained to tlie mili-
tary profession under his care, always
styled him ' Father.' " (Lodge.) Ap-
pointed lieutenant-governor of Flush-
ing towards the end of the reign of
Elizabeth.
Brownrig, Matthew, skinner.
Pd. £66. Of E. 1. and N. W. P.
companies.
Brundenel, Edmund, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of Stoke Mandwill,
County Bucks ; March 27, 1622, he
transferred his two shares in Virginia
to his son Francis. In 1623 he was a
member of the New England Council.
Brydges, Grey, Lord Chandos, 2.
Sul). — ; pd. £50. Born about
1579 ; was tlie son of William, the
fourth lord, by his wife ]\Iary, daugh-
ter of Sir Owen Hopton, lieutenant
BRYDGES — BULKELEY
835
of the Tower ; was implicated in the
Essex rising of February 8, 1(301, and
sent to the Fleet prison, bnt was soon
released ; he succeeded his father in
the barony, November 18, 1GU2.
Chamberlain writes to Carleton on
March 30, 1G03, that " the Lord
Chandos, who had secretly married
the Lady Strange, did now publish his
marriage, and made no more dainty."
The Lady Strange was Anne Stanley,
daughter of Ferdinando, fifth Earl of
Derby, and great-granddaughter of
the Princess Mary Tudor by her hus-
band, Charles Brandon, Duke of Suf-
folk. He was made a Knight of the
Bath at the creation of Cliarles Duke
of York (afterwards King Charles I.),
January G, 1G05 ; M. A., Oxford,
August 30, 1G05 ; M. C. for Va. Co.,
1G09 ; served at Juliers in 1610 ; ap-
pointed to receive and introduce the
Muscovite ambassadors, November 8,
1617. Died at the Spa, August 10,
1621, and was buried at Sudeley.
Collins says he had so great an in-
terest in Gloucestershire that he was
commonly called " The King of Cots-
would."
Buck, Rev. Richard, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Rev. William Cra-
shaw says he was " an able and pain-
full preacher, of whom I can say the
lesse, because he was of Oxford, and
unknown to me ; but of whom I have
heard Sir Thomas Gates give a good
and wortiiie testimonie ; and he came
to the Counsell and this imployment
with the commendation of a Right
Reverend Prelate, Dr. Ravis, Lord
Bishop of London."
He sailed from England in June,
1609 ; wrecked on tlie Bermudas in
July ; christened John Rolfe's child
there, February 11, 1610 ; reached
Virginia in Ma}', 1610 ; became the
minister at Jamestown ; married in
Virginia ; his first child, Mara, born
in 1612 ; married John Rolfe to Poc-
ahontas, at Jamestown, April 5, 1614.
In 1616 Rolfe writes that he was " a
vei'ie good preacher." In 1616 or
1617 a child was born to him, called
Benoni, who was " the first idiot born
in that plantation." During Argall's
government (1617-19) a new church
was built for him at Jamestown,
" wholly at the charge of tlie inhab-
itants of that cittie, of Timber, being
fifty foote in length and twenty foot
in breadth." And in the Quire of
this church, the first General Assem-
bly of English Representatives " con-
vented " in America, met on Friday,
July 30, 1(519. And " forasmuche as
men's affaires doe little prosper where
God's service is neglected, all the
Burgesses stood in their i)laces, un-
till a prayer was said by Mr. Bucke,
that it would please God to guide
and sanctitie all our proceedings to
his owne glory and to the good of
the Plantation."
March 10, 1621, he was one of the
witnesses to John Rolfe's will. His
wife and himself both died before
February, 162-4. They left four chil-
dreu in the care of guardians, a cer-
tain number of cattle, 750 acres
planted, and 100 acres of glebe land,
all by patent, and all in the Corjjora-
tion of rJames cittie."
Buckhurst, Lord. See Sackville.
Bullion, Duke de. Henri de la
Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon.
Born 1555 ; declared for King of Na-
varre, 1576 ; Marshal of France, 1592 ;
ambassador to England, 1612. Died
March 25, 1623.
Buisseaux — Bisseaux, Mon-
sieur de. Ambassador from France
to the Court of Loudon. On May 14,
1617, Ralegh wrote from Plymouth to
" M. de Bisseaux, member of the
Council of State of France."
Bulkeley (Buckley), Sir Rich-
ard. Eldest son of Sir Rieiiard Bal-
keley, of Cheadle and Beaumaris.
Was born in 1533 ; sheriff of Angle-
sey, 1570 ; M. P. for Anglesev, 1571,
1604-11, and 1614; knighted ait White-
hall, November 6, 16()4. He was of
the Council for Wales, 1617 ; was
admitted to the Va. Co. of London,
January 29, 1621 ; bnt, I am quite
sure, had been interested in the colony
at a much earlier date. He patented
lands in Virginia. " Died on '.'8 June,
1()21, at the advanced age of eighty-
eight. Possessing great wealth, he
made use of it in the encouragement
of foreign commerce," etc. His sec-
ond son by his second wife, Thomas,
afterwards created Viscount Bulkeley,
succeeded to his shares in Virginia on
the 13th of February, 1G22. Sir Rich-
ard's youngest daugiiter, Katherine,
married Sir Edwvn ijaudvs.
836
BULL — BUTLER
BuU. See Ball.
Bullock, John, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of Darley and Norton,
County Derby, and of the Inner Tem-
ple. Born in 1578 ; married in 1608
Katberine, daughter of Thomas Fan-
shawe, Esq., and his second wife, Joan
Smythe (see pedigree).
Burbage, Richard, the actor. Son
of James Burbage, actor and theatri-
cal manager, by his wife, Ellen Brayue,
was born about 15(37 ; died March 13,
1619. In the Visitation of London,
1633, he is styled " the famous actor
on the stage." His name was fre-
quently associated with Shakespeare's
by writers of their day.
Burghley, Lord. — William Cecil.
Burgoyue, Peter, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Burgoyne, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Burgoyne, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Possibly these were
descendants of Nicholas de Burgoyne,
the Huguenot, who lived some years
in Florida, and was carried thence to
England by Drake in 1586.
Burley, Rev Francis, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Doctor of Divinity ;
fellow of Chelsea College ; translator
of King James' Bible, etc.
Burnham, Samuel, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Burrell — ButTvell, Ninian. Pd.
£12 10s. Of Cuckfield, County Sus-
sex.
Burrell — Burwell, William, 3.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. The son
of John Burrell, twice master of the
Trinity House. He lived at Stepney.
In January, 1612, made a proposition
to Henry Prince of Wales for building
ships in Ireland; a member of the E.
I. and N. W. P. companies ; " one of
the commissioners for the Navy Royall
15 yeares and dyed 1630 ; " married
Mary, daughter of Thomas Andrews,
and sister of Dr. Andrews, Bishop of
Winchester, and their son, Andrews
Burrell, married Alice, daughter of
Capt. Martyn Bring.
Burrough. See Borough.
Burton, George, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Eusbridge — Buckeridge, John,2.
Snb. £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of the
N. W. P. Co. and one of the directors
of the E. I. Co. May 23, 1614, the
E. I. Co. voted him "a gratification
towards his expenses in passing a bill
through Parliament to stop the ex-
portation of ordinance," etc.
Busby, Ralphe, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Admitted a free-
man of the Grocers' Co. in 1586. In
1605 he was reproved by the court of
assistants, and excluded from all off.ce
of authority in the comjiany and not
allowed to be of the court of assist-
ants, because of unjust conduct to the
clerk and defiance of the authority of
the court ; admitted to the livery, 22
May, 1613 ; occupied a house in Wood
Street in 1614." (Grocers' Records.)
Also of the E. I. and N. W. P. com-
panies.
Butler, George, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Probably M. P. for
Carlisle in 1014 and 1621-22.
Butler — Boteler, Captain Na-
thaniel. Sub. ; pd. . He
was "the eldest son of John Butler of
Tofte ill Sharnbooke in County Bed-
ford Esquier per the 2 venter, Mary
dau. of James Gedge and wydow to
Christopher Harris Esq." Thus Cap-
tain Butler was the half brother to Sir
Oliver Butler, or Boteler of Testou,
and full brother to James Butler
(afterwards of the Va and S. I. com-
panies) and to Butler who mar-
ried John Cornelius of Loudon, mer-
chant.
Captain Butler was a M. C. for Va.
Co.; was elected governor of the Ber-
mudas in the spring of 1619, and was
on that island from October, 1619, to
October, 1622, during which time Sir
Thomas Wrothe wrote an epigram " To
his worthy friend Captaine Butler,
Governour of Bermuda, or the Sum-
mer Hand," which was published in
" The Destruction of Troy, or The
Acts of ^ueas," licensed April 4,
1620.
Butler was in Virginia during the
winter of 1622-"_3, and while there
Capt. William Powell and himself led
forces against the Indians. He re-
turned to England in tlie spring, and
his " Unmasking of Virginia," one of
the causes of the serious factions in
the Va. Co., appeared early in April,
1623. He was on the Va. Commission
of July 25, 1624 ; at Cadiz in 1625,
and the Isle of Rd in 1627 ; a captain
in the Royal Navy ; was governor and
BUTTER — CABOT
837
admiral of the Bahamas from 1638 to
l(i4:l, and was probably the person
wlio was committed to Newgate by the
Council of State of the Common-
wealth for dispersing treasonable and
scandalous books in June, 1649. The
date of his death is not known to me.
He was tlie author of " Six Dialogues
about Sea Services between an High
Admiral and a Captain at Sea," which
remained in manuscript until 1685,
when it was pul)lished by Moses Pitt.
Butter, Nathaniel, stationer and
journalist. Admitted to freedom of
the Stationers' Co., February 20, 1604.
" A true and tragical discourse of the
expedition to Guiana [1605] was is-
sued by him, June 25, 1607. Newes
from Lough ffoyle in Ireland, May 19,
1603. Newes from Spain in 1611.
Newes from most parts of Christen-
dom, Sept. 2.5, 1622; this was his first
attempt at a Newspaper and its suc-
cess induced him to make journalism
his chief business, in partnership with
Nicholas Bourne and others."
"Feb. 22, 1664, Nath. Butter, an
old stationer [the first English jour-
nalist], died venj poory
Button, Captain Thomas, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £25. Fourth son of
Miles Button, of Worlton in Glamor-
ganshire ; entered the naval service of
Queen Elizabeth ; distinguished him-
self at the siege of Kinsale in Ireland
in 1601; was thought to have died in
the West Indies, but returned safely
to England prior to March 25, 1604;
of the N. W. P. Co. 1612 ; entered
the service of Henry, Prince of Wales,
and in 1612-13 made his celebrated
voyage to Hudson's Bay, where he
wintered, and named New North and
New South Wales for his patron ;
commanded his majesty's ship Phoe-
nix on the coast of Ireland, 1614-20;
knighted by Sir Oliver St. John, lord
deputy of Ireland, August 30, 1016;
rear-admiral of the fleet under Sir
Robert Mansell, 1620-21 ; on the
council of war, 1624 ; on naval com-
mission, 1625 ; consulted by Lord
Keeper Coventry about the West In-
dies in 1()L9, and by Capt. Thomas
Jamss about the N. W. P. in 1630.
He died of a fever in April, 1634.
Button's Bay was named for him.
Butts, Thomas. Of Great Ri-
burgh, Norfolk, and son of the very
celebrated Sir William Butts, physi-
cian to Henry VIII., one of the found-
ers of tlie College of Physician.s, etc.
(See Shakespeare's Henry VIII. , act
V. scene 2.) Hakluyt, writing at
some date prior to 1600, says that
"Thomas Butts was lately living, to
whom I rode two hundred miles only
to learn the whole truth of this voyage
[of 1536] from his own mouth, as be-
ing the only man now alive that was
in this discovery."
Byleth, Robert. Master's mate in
the voyage to Hudson's Bay, April,
1610, to October, 1611 ; member N.
W. P. Co., 1(512 ; went with Captain
Button, A])ril or Maj', 1612, to about
September, 1613 ; was possibly with
Gibbons in 1614 ; made a voyage to
the Northwest with Baffin, March to
September, 1615; and another, March
to August, 1616. The name is vari-
ously spelled ; but I believe the cor-
rect way to be Blythe, and I am in-
clined to believe him to be the Captaine
Blythe who commanded the fleet in the
East Indies in 1622 (when Baffin was
killed), although this person is alluded
to once or twice in the E. I. records
as Capt. Richard Blythe or Blieth.
Cabot, John, a Venetian pilot.
Was probably employed in Bristol,
England, as early as 1472, but con-
tinued to make journeys to Venice for
some time after.
The following brief account of his
connection with American discovery
seems to me about as correct as we
can now make it ; yet there is still
some confusion on several points : —
" About the year 1491 the jjeople of
Bristol, England, began sending out
every year, light ships under the com-
mand of John Cabot in search of the
island of Brazil and the Seven Cities."
It seems probable that he saw land
while on one [1494 ?] of these private
voyages, as he petitioned Henry VIT.
in 1495 to grant unto him and his
three sons the royal authority to dis-
cover and possess new lands, etc. In
answer to which petition letters patent
passed the seal on March 5, 1496, and
on May 2, 1497, John Cabot sailed
from Bristol on his first royally author-
ized voyage, and returning in August,
he was for the first time able to pro-
claim publicly under the protection of
838
CABOT
Henry VII., "The certain news that
he had found land." The king gave
him presents, and in December, 1497,
a pension out of the customs of the
port of Bristol. The order for this
pension passed the seals. January 28,
1498. On the 3d of February, 1498,
Henry VII. granted him authority to
impress vessels for another voyage,
and " In the begynnynge of iSouier "
John Cabot sailed with five ships from
Bristol. " The king furnished one
ship, and with this ship went 3 or 4
more out of Bristol." John Cabot
seems to disappear in tliis voyage, and
was probably among the " many men
lost." Possibly he died on our coast.
As early as December 18, 1497, we
are told that John Cabot "had the de-
scription of the world in a chart, and
also in a globe, which he made, showing
where he lauded in the new world,"
etc. His charts, or copies of them,
had reached Spain in 1499, and it
seems certain that a large part of our
northern coast on the map of the
world made by Juan de la Cosa in
1500 w'as compiled from them.
It seems almost certain that Eu-
ropeans had discovered Amei'ica at
much earlier dates ; but Cabot fur-
nishes the first definite starting-point
for English claims, and Columbus for
the Spaniards, though it may be that
Americus Vespucius saw the conti-
nent before either of them. Columbus
never saw any part of the territory of
the United States. As a nation we
trace back to the discoveries of John
Cabot. We do not trace back to Co-
lumbus ; the claims of Spain and the
Bulls of the Pope were based on his
discoveries. Had England continued
to acknowledge those claims, this
nation would not now be in existence.
Cabot, Sebastian, second son of
John Cabot aforesaid, was probably
born in Bristol, England. His name
appears in the petition to Henry VII.
and in the charter, March 5, 1496. He
was probably with his father on sev-
eral of his voyages of discovery, and I
am inclined to infer that the voyage
of 1498, which sailed under the fa-
ther's, returned to Bristol under the
son's command ; but much of the old
" traveler's tale " has been woven into
the early life of Sebastian Cabot.
He was making a chart of Gascoigne
and Guienne for Henry VIII. earlv in
151'J, but entered the service of Spain
in the fall of that year, and, it seems,
remained there until toward the end
of 1516, when he returned to Eng-
land, where he probably continued
until 1519. He was appointed pilot-
major to Charles V. on May 0, 1619,
about which time he probably returned
to Spain. He was presumably in
England again in 1521, when Henrj'
VIII. lequired the London compa-
nies to furnish him with five ships for
the discovery of the new found land.
The Drapers record that they consid-
ered it " a sore adventure to jepard V
shipps w"" men and goods nnto the
said island, upon the singular trust of
one man, called, as the}' understood,
Sebastyan, who, as they had heard
say, was never in that land himself,
and made report of many things, only
as he had heard his father and other
men speke in times past." In 1522
he had an interview with the Vene-
tian ambassador, in which he offers to
enter the service of Venice. He at-
tended the congress of pilots at Ba-
dajos in 1524, in the interest of Spain;
appointed to command an expedition
to Brazil in April, 1526, exploring
that country four years ; returned to
Spain in August, 1530; "was im-
prisoned for nearly a jear, and after-
wards condemned by the Council of
the Indies to two years' banishment to
Oran in Africa for mismanagement of
the expedition to Brazil. He returned
to Seville in June, 1533, and was soon
reinstated in his former position." He
remained for many years examiner of
pilots in the Contractation House at
Seville, during which time he made
his famous mappe monde, which was
first engraved in 1544. " Shortly
after the death of Henry VIII. (28
January, 1547), Cabot received tempt-
ing offers from friends in England to
transfer his services to the country of
his birth." He probably arrived in
England in the fail of 1547 and re-
mained there to his death. January
6, 1549, Edward VI. granted him a
pension of £166 13s. 4d., to date from
September 29, 1548, " in considera-
tion of good and acceptable service
done and to be done by him ; " Janu-
ary 19, 1550, Charles V., through the
Spanish ambassador in England, de-
CABOT — CESAR
839
nianJed the return of Cabot to Spain.
The Eiig-lish Council replied, through
the Enj^^li;<li Ambassador, in refusal,
April 21. 1.">,jO. Some accounts state
that P^dward VI. renewed to Cabot
the patent of March 5, 1496, on June
4, 1550. lie settled a dispute be-
tween the English and German mer-
chants, and for his services in this mat-
ter the king granted him, in March,
1551, a reward of £200. Under his
leadership " certain grave citizens of
London " formed a company, which
was incorporated on December 18,
1551, by the name of " The Mysterie
and Companie of the Merchant Ad-
venturers for the Discoverie of Re-
gions, Dominions, Islands and Places,
unknown." This company (of which
Cabot was " governor for life ") set
forth the expedition to the Northeast,
which sailed under Sir Hugh Wil-
loughby in i\Iay, 1553. Edward VI.
having died, Charles V. again requested
the return of Cabot to Spain, Septem-
ber 9, 1553 ; but he did not go. In
answer to the bumble petition of Wil-
liam Paulet, Marquis of Winchester,
Henry Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel,
John Russell, Earl of Bedford, Wil-
liam Herbert, Earl of Peinbroke,
William Lord Howard of Effingham,
and others, Philip and Mary granted
to " the Company of Merchant .\dven-
turers for the Discoverie of Regions
. . . unknown," a second charter on
February 6, 1555, with Sebastian
Cabot as governor, and on Novem-
ber 27 of the same year, Queen Mary
renewed to him kis pension. On
April 13, 1556, he went aboard the
Searchthrift at Graveseiul l)i'fore she
sailed on her voyage to the Norllu-ast,
and "entered into the dance iiimself."
He resigned his pension May 27, 1557,
an annuity was granted him two days
after, and this is our last record of
him alive. He was then an old man,
and within a few mouths he was prob-
ably in his grave.
Opinions may differ as to Cabot's
early voyages to the " Newfound-
land;" but in the matter of organiz-
ing the first English company " for
the Discoverie of Regions, Dominions,
Islands and Places unknown," liis ser-
vice seems to stand on the " iirme
lande." This comjiany, which still
ejcists, forms a most interesting chain
in tlie history of English discovery,
commerce, and colonization. The hrst
recorded voyages to America from
England were sent out under the com-
mand of John Cabot, whose son Sebas-
tian (also interested in his father's
lettex's j)atent) was the first governor;
among the first four Consuls (" the
Council ") and their twenty-four as-
sistants ("the directors") we find Sir
George Barnes, Sir William Garrett,
Thomas Lodge, and Rowland Hai-
ward, as well as Sir Andrew Judde
(grandfather of Sir Thomas Smith),
Sir John Yorke (Sir Martin P^robish-
er's uncle), Richard Chamberlaine the
elder, Thomas OfHey the elder, Henry
Hudson, and others, whose heirs were
afterwards interested in colonizing
America. And at the time of which
we write we find Sir Thomas SinyLhe,
the treasurer of the Virginia Com-
pany of London, occupying Cabot's
old place of governor in tiiis company,
and we see their vessels sailing on the
Great White Sea of Russia and taking
emigrants to Virginia.
There can be no mistake about the
service rendered by Cabot, Barnes, and
otliers, in forming this old merchant
coinpanj', which was so largely instru-
mental in laying tlie business founda-
tion of England's future prosperity,
in advancing English discovery, com-
merce, and colonization. (See the
jNIuscovy Company.) The William
Worthington who shared Cabot's an-
nuity in 1557, and who fell heir to the
maps and papers of Cabot, was of
Orsett in County Essex, esquire,
'• Pentinor to King Henry VIII., iving
Edward VI., Queen Mary, and Queen
Elizabeth." He married .\nu, daugh-
ter to Sir Robert Tirrell, of Warley in
Elssax, master of horse to King Henry
VIII. His son, Sir William Worthing-
ton, of Springfield in J^ssex, gentle-
man, porter of the Tower, and '• Pen-
tinor to Queen Elizabeth and James
I.," married, first, Mary, daughter to
Richard Atkins, recorder of London,
and, secondly, Margaret, daughter to
Christopher Peyton of Bury St. ¥a\-
munds, and widow to Richard Eden.
Caesar, Sir Julius, oldest son of
Dr. Cajsar Adelmare (physician to
Queens Mary and Elizabeth) by his
wife Margaret, daughter of Martin
Perin (Pring ?); born at Tottenliam iu
840
CiESAR
1558 ; baptized at St. Dunstan's, Feb-
ruarj 10, 1558, his sponsors in bap-
tism being William Pawlett, Marqius
of Winchester, Henry Fitz-Alan, Earl
of Arundel, and Queen Elizabeth,
represented by the Lady Montacute.
Denization was granted to his father,
" CtEsar Aldemarius of Venice, Doctor
of Medicine, on the 28th of August,
1558." His father, who was prob-
ably a Roman Catholic, died in 1569,
and his mother afterwards married
Michael Locke, a zealous Protestant.
The son, who was baptized Julius-
Csesar Adelniare, finally dropping his
ancestral name, was educated at
Magdalene College, Oxford ; B. A.,
May 17, 1575 ; M. A., 1578 ; a sub-
scriber to Frobisher's voyages, 1576-
78 ; left Oxford for Paris in 1579,
" to finish the study of his profession
of a civilian ; and on the 15, 18, and 22
April 1581, was admitted there bache-
lor, licentiate and doctor, of both Laws.
On the tenth of the following May, he
received the complimentary appoint-
ment of advocate in the parliament of
Paris, and within a iew weeks after
returned to England, which he seems
never again to have quitted in the
course of his long life." (Lodge.)
Appointed "justice of the peace in
all causes of piracy, and such like,
throughout the land," October 9, 1581.
" He now laid the surest foundation
for his future advantage, by a most
prudent match with Dorcas, daughter
of Richard Martin, an alderman of
London, who was afterwards knighted,
and thrice filled the office of lord
mayoi', and was master of the mint
in the reigns of P^lizabeth and James
the First. To this lady, who, though
scarcely twenty years old, was alread\'
the widow of Richard Lusher, a stu-
dent of the Middle Temple, who had
died February 18, 1581, at the age
of 28, he was married on the 26th of
February, 1582." He was a subscriber
to Fenton's voyage, and on March 11,
1582, dined w'itli the Rev. Mr. Mad-
dox (who was licensed to preach in
all the world) at Sheriff Martin's (his
father-in-law's) house.
Counsel for the City of London, June
11, 1583 ; D. C. L., Oxford, March
5, 1581 ; appointed judge of the Ad-
miralty Court, April 30, 1584 ; a sub-
scriber to the voyage of Cavendish
round the world; master in chancery
in ordinary, October 9, 1588 ; •' M.
P. for Reigate in Surrey, 1589; " Sub-
scriber to the second voyage of Cav-
endish ; master extraordinary of the
Court of Requests, January 10, 1591;
treasurer of the Inner Temple ; M.
P. for Bletchingley, 1593. Dorcas, his
first wife, died June 16, 1595, aged
34, and was buried in the Temple
Church, London. (Her son. Sir Charles
Cpesar, succeeded Sir Dudley Digges
as master of the rolls.)
Master of Request, September, 1595.
He married, secondly, on April 10,
1596, Alice, daughter of Christopher
Grene, gent., and widow of John Dent,
of London, merchant, at her house at
Mitcham in Surrey. Master of St.
Catherine's Hospital by the Tower of
London, June 17, 1596. Wrote "The
Ancient State, Authoritie and Proced-
ings of the Court of Requests, 2 Oc-
tober, 1596 ; " published in 1597. M.
P. for Windsor, 1597-98 and 1601. He
was visited by Queen Elizabeth at
Mitcham, September 12 and 13, 1598,
and the entertainment of her majesty
cost him £700. Eldest master of the
Requests, May 10, 1600 ; Knighted at
Greenwich by King James, May 20,
1603 ; M. P. for Westminster, 1604.
Appointed chancellor and under-
treasurer of the Exchequer, April 11,
1606 ; a member of the Privy Coun-
cil, July 5, 1607 ; member of the N.
W. P. Co., July 26, 1612 ; M. P. for
Middlesex, 1614. His second wife,
Alice, died May 23, 1614, aged 44
years 11 montljs, and was buried in
the Church of St. Helen's. He was
master of the rolls, September 13,
1614. Married, thirdly, April 19, 1615,
Anne, daughter of Sir Plenry Wode-
house, widow of William Hungate,
and niece of Sir Francis Bacon (then
attorney-general) who gave her away
at the altar. Admitted a free brother
of the E. I. Co., January 20, 1618.
Many of his papers, still jn-eserved,
prove his interest in Virginia, and
some of Capt. John Martin's (his
brother-in-law's) letters to him from
Virginia still remain. M. P. for Mai-
den, 1021-22. He was a member o!
the commission for winding up the
affairs of the Va. Co. of London, July
15, 1624. Lord Bacon is said to have
died in his arms in April, 1626. A
JOHN SELDEN
CAGE — CALVERT
841
commissioDer to examine the case be-
tween Capt. David Kirke and the
French in Canada, Alai'ch 5, IGiJO.
He died April 18, 1()3(>, in liis 79th
year, and was l)iuied in the south
transept of the Church of Great St.
Helen's, in Bishopso^ate Street, where
his monument (erected by Nicholas
Stone at tlie cost of £110) with its
curious device still remains. The de-
vice and inscription were designed and
written by himself ; his widow had tlie
monument erected. He left a high
character for integrity, talent, and
charity. It was said of him, that he
was kept alive beyond nature's course
by the prayers of the many poor whom
he daily relieved.
Cage, Ed'ward, grocer, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £87 10s. Admitted to
the livery of the Grocers' Company
in 1586 ; married Judith, daughter of
Sir John Hart ; died in 1619, and on
November 15 in that year, his son,
John Cage, Esq., sold nine shares of
land in Virginia, — six to Dr. Theodore
Gulston and three to Isaac Seaward.
Callamata, mentioned in " The
Epistle Dedicatory " to Smith's " Gen-
eral History" (1624), in Brathwait's
verses prefixed to " The True Travels,
etc." (1630), and in "The True
Travels," on page 32. The same
narrative as printed by Purchas in
1621 contains no reference to her.
Calthorpe. See Galthorpe.
Calvert, George, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Born about 1579-80,
at Kipling in Yorkshire ; entered
Trinity College, Oxford in 1.594 ; A.
B., Oxford, February 23, 159? ; after-
wards traveled abroad ; entered pub-
lic life under the patronage of Sir
Robert Cecil ; M. P. for Bossiney in
Cornwall, October, 1609, to February
9, ICll ; A. M., Oxford, 1605. Pro-
thonotary and keeper of the rolls in
Connaught, Ireland, 1606 ; member of
the E. 1. Co.; clerk of the Privy Coun-
cil in September, 1611. In January,
1612, " he was settled about the king,
and wholly employed in reading and
writing." One of the executors of
Robert, Earl of Salisbury, ISIay, 1612.
One of tlie commissioners for Ireland,
August 24, 161.3. He adventured
£1,600 in the joint stock of the E. I.
Co. in Kill ; knigiited at Hampton
Court, September 29, 1617 ; in the
proceedings against Ralegh in 1618 ;
ap})ointed secretary of state for life
in February, 1619 ; purchased a part
of Newfoundland from Sir William
Vauglian in 1620, and in 1621 sent a
body of settlers there. M. P. for
County York, January 30, 1621, to
February 8, 1622. Admitted into the
New England Company July 5, and
his bounds in that colony were laid off
July 24, 1622. Avalon ("the first
fruits of Christianity "), Newfound-
land, was granted to him by letters
patent of December 31, 1622, March
30 and April 7, 1623. He was granted
lands " at the king's service " in Ire-
land, February 18, 1623 ; M. P. for
Oxford University, February 12, 1624,
to (the king's death) March 27, 1625 ;
member of the commission for wind-
ing up the affairs of the Va. Co.,
July 15, 1624, and afterwards one
of the committee of the Council for
plantation affairs ; resigned the sec-
retaryship, for a consideration, in
favor of Sir Albert Morton, February
9, 1625 ; created Lord Baltimore,
February 16, 1625, and a few days
after went into the north of England
" with Sir Tobie Matthew, which con-
firms the opinion, that he is a bird of
that feather," i. e. a Roman Catholic.
On March 11, following, the king
granted him the Irish lands " in fee
simple," and soon after the king's
death he went over to his Irish pos-
sessions. He visited " Ferryland,"
his colony in Newfoundland in 1627,
and again in 1628 ; remaining there
from about April, 1628, to about Sep-
tember, 1629, when, after having
spent abou1P£25,000 in advancing that
plantation, he seems to have aban-
doned it. Going to Virginia, " to view
those parts," he arrived at Jamestown
early in October, 1629, where he seems
to have met with but a "cowlde " re-
ception. Yet he was pleased with
the climate and the soil, if not with
the people. In December, 1630, he
was again in England. In February,
1631, he was very near obtaining a
charter for land south of James River.
Early in 1632 he overcame all ob-
stacles, and the king agreed to grant
him lands north and east of tlie Poto-
mac ; but he died before his charter
passed the seals, " in London, April 15,
1632, in the 53rd year of his age, and
842
CAM — CAREW
was buried in the chancel of St. Dnn-
stan's in the West." He married
Anne, daughter of George Wynne.
" His rights were transmitted to his
son and heir, Cecil, second Lord Balti-
more, to whom the Maryland charter
was finally issued 20 June, 1632."
/^7^^
Cam, Master Thomas. Probably
Thomas Canne, who was afterwards
knighted by James I, His son Wil-
liam was mayor of Bristol in 1648.
Campbell — Cambell, James, iron-
monger, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Son
of Sir Thomas Campbell, Lord Mayor
of London in 1609-10 ; born in 1570 ;
became a leading merchant of Lon-
don ; member of the E. I. Co. ; mas-
ter of the Ironmongers in 1615; sheriff
of London, 1619 ; elected alderman of
Billingsgate ward, May 24, 1620; re-
moved to Lime Street ward. May 14,
1625, and at his death in 1642 was the
senior alderman of London ; a direc-
tor of the E. I. Co., 1621 ; master of
the Ironmongers, 1623 ; on the Va.
commission, July 15, 1624; was a mem-
ber of the French and Eastland com-
panies; Lord Mayor of London, 1629-
30; knighted at" Whitehall, May 23,
1630 ; master of the Ironmongers in
1641. Died January 5, and was buried
in St. Olave's, Jewry, London, on the
8 th of February, 1642. By will he
left to various objects, charities, and
persons, £48,967 6s. 8d., •besides real
and personal estate, which was a vast
sum in those times. His servant, Ed-
ward Browne, was inclined to " Booke-
makeing," and has thus preserved for
ns much of interest regarding his mas-
ter.
Campe, Laurence, draper, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £100. Founded an
almshouse in the parish of Friarn
Barnet ; was a donor to the Parish
Cluirch of "Alhallowes the Wall,"
and " from his love to Learning gave
£40 towards the maintenance of poor
scholars in Cambridge."
Candish. See Cavendish.
Camiing, Paul, 2. Sub. ; pd.
. Member of the E. I. Co.; in
1612 he was sent, with letters from
King James and orders from the E. I.
Co., to the East Indies ; taken by the
Portuguese, September, 1612 ; set on
shore at Surat in October, 1612, and
died at Agra May 29, 1613, having
been " poysoned by Jesuits," so it was
.said.
Canning, William, ironmonger, 2,
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. William
and Paul were brothers, being sons of
Richard Canning, of Foxcote, County
Warwick ; another brother, George,
was the ancestor of the celebrated
George Viscount Canning, orator and
statesman.
William was born about 15G2 ; was
" of Bashingshaw Blackwell Hall,"
London ; patented lands in County
Derry, Ireland ; member of the E. I.
Co. ; deputy governor of the B. I.
Co. ; master of the Ironmongers in
1617 ; elected a director of the Va.
Co. of London, April 28, 1619 ; voted
to surrender the Virginia charter to
the crown, October 20, 1623. During
the factions of 1623 in the Va. Co., he
struck Thomas Keightley in the Ex-
change, which resulted in a lawsuit
and fines. Master of the Ironmongers
in 1627, and died during year of office.
He married, in 1592, Rachael, daughter
of W'illiam Ormshawe, of St. Mary-le-
Bow, London, grocer.
Cannon, Thomas, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Probably M. P.
for Haverford West, 1625 and 1626,
and for Ilaslemere, 1628-29; knighted
at Greenwich, June 30, 1623.
Cantrell, William, gent., 2. Sub.
: pd. £12 10s.
Carbery , Earl of. — John Vaughan.
Carew. See Carne.
Carew, George Lord, 2. Sub.
Edmund Carew, who was knighted
on the field of Bosworth, was the father
of Katherine Carew, the grandmother
of Sir Walter Ralegh, and of George
Carew, the very Reverend Dean of
Exeter and Windsor, the father of
George Lord Carew, of whom I write.
George Lord Carew was born May
29, 1555 ; at Pembroke College, then
C ARE W — CAREY
843
called Broadgate Hall, Oxford, 1504
to 1573 ; " distinguished by the va-
riety, the rapidity, and the success of
his studies;" suddenly adopted the
military profession ; (putted the uni-
versity without taking his degree,
and joined his uncle, James W'ingHeld
(see pedigree), in Ireland, where he
had distinguished himself so early as
l.")79 ; knighted by Lord Deputy Per-
rott, lord president of ^Munster, in
1585 ; M. A., Oxford, 1589 ; lieuten-
ant of the ordnance, Tower of Lou-
don, in 1592, when his cousin, Sir Wal-
ter Ralegh, was placed in his custody
for marrying against the wishes of the
queen, and it was with him that Sir
Walter had the memorable fight (so
called) for a sight of Elizabeth; ac-
companied Essex in the expedition to
Cadiz in 1596. In 1597 he was lieu-
tenant of the ordnance of the fleet un-
der Essex sent out against the Azores
Islands ; M. P. for Queenborough,
1597-98. In June, 1598, Essex too
earnestly advocated him for lord dep-
uty of Ireland, for which Elizabeth
gave Essex a box on the ear, and bade
him "go and be hanged!" Then
Essex lost his temper, and called the
queen " a king in petticoats."
Sir George Carew was appointed
lord president of Munster, 1599,
" when, uniting his forces with those
of the Earl of Thomond, he reduced
several castles and other strong places,
obtained many triumphs over the reb-
els, brought the Earl of Desmond to
trial, and gained great honor to him-
self." One of the lord justices of
Ireland, treasurer of the army, etc.,
1600-03 ; '■ he defeated the Spaniards
on their landing at Kinsale in IGOl,
and obliged thena to abandon their
])rojects against Ireland." Upon the
accession of King James I. he was
constituted captain and governor of
the Isle of Guernsey, vice-chamberlain
to the queen and receiver-general of
her revenues ; j\I. P. for Hastings
from 1604, until he was created a
peer. Having married Joyce, only
<iaughter and heiress of William Clop-
ton, Esq., of Clopton, County War-
wick, he was elevated to the peerage,
May 4, 1605, as Baron Carew of Clop-
ton"; M. C. for Va.. 1607. July 'i7,
1608, he was made master of the
ordnance for life, and sworn of the
Privy Co\incil. He continued to have
a great interest in the advancement of
commerce and colonization. M. C.
for the Va. Co., IMay 23, 1609. June
24, 1611, sent as a commissioner to
examine into affairs in Ireland. In
1618 he was on his knees before James
I., in behalf of Sir Walter Ralegh,
without avail. July 22, 1623, one of
a committee " To frame such orders
as they conceive most tit for regulat-
ing the government of Virginia ; " a
movement which resulted in the an-
nulling of the old charters. April 22,
1625, the Privy Council to Secretary
Conway and Lord Carew, master of
the ordnance: "To take into considera-
tion what forts and places of strength
are to be erected and maintained in
Virginia, and to give an estimate of
the present charge and of the annual
cost to maintain them." He was cre-
ated Earl of Totness, February 1,
1625-26. Died March 27, 1629, at
the Savoy in the Strand in the sub-
urbs of London, and lies buried at
Stratford-upon-Avon.
He was the author of " Pacata Hi-
bernia," and the unique papers relating
to Ireland, collected by him, are now
preserved in the Lambeth Library.
" He was a wise statesman, an eminent
commander, and an estimable histo-
rian. His niece Anne married, sec-
ondly, Sir Allen Apsley.
Carew, Sir George, statesman.
Ambassador to King of Poland, 1597 ;
to Court of France, 1605-09 ; " Mas-
ter of the wards, 1612, succeeding the
late lord treasurer ; " died in Novem-
ber, 1612. Author of " Rehition of
the State of France." etc., written in
1609 ; published in 1749.
Carey — Cary, Sir George, of Dev-
onshire, 3. Sub. £45 ; pd. £45. Of
Cockington, Devon ; son of Thomas
Carey ; was born about 1540 ; active
against the Spaniards in 1588 ; a pat-
ron of Cavendish, 1591 ; knighted at
Vv'liitehall in February, 1597 ; treas-
urer for Ireland, March, 1599 ; lord
844
CAREY
deputy of Ireland, 1603-04 ; died in
February, 1617 ; was twice married,
but left no surviving issue. His widow
was Lucy, daughter of Robert Lord
Rich and first Earl of Warwick.
Carey (or Gary) Henry, first Lord
Hunsdon. First cousin to Queen
Elizabeth ; subscriber to Frobisher's
(1576-78) and Fenton's (1582-83)
voyages, and patron of Cavendish.
He gathered plants from the farthest
parts of the world. " Died at Somer-
set House, 23d July, 1596, aged 72."
Carey (or Cary), Sir Henry, 2.
Sub. £75 ; pd. . Son of Sir Ed-
ward Cary, of Berkhanistead and Al-
denham, Hertfordshire (first cousin to
the first Lord Hunsdon), by his wife
Catherine, daughter of Sir Henry
Knevet, master of the jewel office to
Queen Elizabeth. He was educated
at Exeter College, Oxford, where he
acquired distinction by his talents ;
knighted at Dublin, July 12, 1599, by
the Earl of Essex ; served in France
and the Low Countries, where he was
taken prisoner by Don Louis de Ve-
lasco, at the battle of Mulheim in 1605,
a fact referred to in the epigram on
Sir Henry Cary by Ben Jonson. On
his return to JEngland he was intro-
duced to court, and became one of the
gentlemen of the bed-chamber ; one
of the masters of the royal jewels,
June 21, 1603-18 ; M. C. for Va.
Co., May 23, 1609; N. W. P. Co.,
1612 ; a privy councilor in 1617 ;
comptroller of the household in Jan-
uary, 1618 ; on commission for reg-
ulating the deputies of the V.. I. Co.,
1618 ; created Viscount Falkland,
November 10, 1620 ; M. P. for Hert-
fordshire, 1621-22 ; made an earnest
attempt to establish a colony in New-
foundland in 1621-22 ; lord deputv of
Ireland, September, 1622, to 1629.
Old Fuller says, " an unruly colt
will fume and chafe (though neither
switched nor spurred) merely because
hacked. The rebellious Irish will com-
plain, only because kept in subjection,
though with never so much lenity ;
the occasion why some hard speeches
were passed on his government."
He lost his life by an .accident in
Theobald's Park in September, 163.3.
He married, about 1609, Elizabeth,
only daughter and sole heir of Sir
Laurence Tanfield, chief baron of the
Exchequer (she was a grand-niece of
old Sir Henry Lee, "the Queen's
knight "), by whom he was the father
of Lucius, the celebrated Viscount
Falkland, wlio was killed at the battle
of Newbury, September 20, 1643.
Carey (or Cary), Sir Henry. Sub.
; pd. . Son of Sir Robert
Carey ; born in 1596 ; made a knight
at the creation of Charles, Prince of
Wales, 1616 ; married Martha, daugh-
ter of Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Mid-
dlesex ; succeeded his father as second
Earl of Monmouth in 1639 ; died
June 13, 1661.
As there were two Sir Henry Careys,
members of the Va. Co. in 1619-20,
when the accounts were audited, I can-
not assign the payments with any cer-
tainty. The following payments were
made to Sir Thomas Smythe : " Sir
Henry Carie, £20;" "Sir Henry
Carie, Captaine, £25 ; and to Sir
Baptist Hicks : "Sir Henry Carie,
£75."
Carey (or Cary), Sir Philip,
Third son of Sir Edward Cary of
Aldenham, and brother of Henry, first
Viscount Falkland. M. P. for Wood-
stock in 1614, 1621-22, 1624-25, and
1625 ; knighted at Greenwich by
James I. ou March 23, 1605. Buried
at Aldenham, June 13, 1631.
Carey, Sir Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Seventh and youngest sou
of Henry Carey, first Lord Hunsdon ;
born about 1560 ; with Sir Thomas
Layton in the Netherlands, 1577 ; at-
tended in the suite of Duke of Alen-
<jon in the Low Countries, 1581 ; went
with Walsingham to Scotland, 1583,
when King James became interested
in him ; M. P. for Morpeth, 1586-87;
with the Earl of Cumberland at Sluys,
1587 ; serves against the Armada,
1588 ; M. P. for Morpeth, 1588-89 ;
serves at Rouen, 1591 ; M. P. for
Morpeth, 1593 ; for Northumberland,
1597-98 and 1601. After the death
of Elizabeth, he left London about 9
A. M., March 24, and reached Holy-
rood late ou the 26th, carrying to King
James the news of the death of the
queen. He was created Baron of
Leppington, February 6, 1622, and
Earl of Monmouth, February 7, 1626;
died April 12, 1639. His memoirs
were published in 1759 by the Earl of
Cork and Orrery.
CARLEILL — CAROX
845
Carleill (Carliell, Carlile, etc.),
Capt Christopher, son of Alexander
Caileill by his wife Anne, dangliter
of Sir George Barnes the ekler (see
Barnes pedigree), lie was born about
1.551 ; educated in the University of
Cambridge ; went to Fhishing in 1572,
and " followed the fortune of the
^Var^es in Flanders and by desert was
made a great commander in ye States
Campe ; " served the Prince of Cond^
at La Rochelle ; took au interest iu
American discoveries as early as 1574;
admiral of the English merchants into
Russia, 158'J ; interested in Teuton's
voyage, 1582-83 ; interested in Amer-
ica to the southwest of Cape Breton,
1582-83 ; serving in Ireland, 1584 ; on
the celebrated expedition to America,
September, 1585, to July, 1586 ; again
serving in Ireland in 1588 ; died in
London, November 11, 1593 ; married
Mary, daughter of Sir Francis Wal-
singh^m, and sister of Sir Philip Sid-
ney's wife.
He was the author of " A Brief Sum-
mary Discourse upon a Vojage intend-
ing to the uttermost parts of America "
(given by Hakluyt) and of " A Dis-
course on the Discovery of the hither-
most parts of America, written by
Captain Carleill to the Citizens of
London," Lansd. MS. 100, art. 14.
Carleton, Sir Dudley, born
March 10, 1573. After a course of
instruction at Westminster school, he
became a student of Christ Church
College, Oxford, about 1591, and had
for his tutor Mr. John King, after-
wards Dean of Christ College and
Bishop of London ; B. A., 1595 ;
spent most of the next five years in
improving himself by foreign travel ;
M. A., 1600 ; accompanied Sir Thomas
Parry, ambassador to the Court of
France, as his secretarj-, in 1602 ; M.
P. for St. Mawes in Cornwall, 1604 ;
some time secretary to the Earl of
Northumberland, and as such was un-
der some suspicion, and placed under
arrest for a time, during the excite-
ment incident to the Gunpowder Plot.
The series of Gazette Letters from,
and to, him, still preserved, contain a
perfect mine of historical information,
and throw a flood of light on the times
in which he lived. Many of these let-
ters contain references to Virginia.
Knighted in September, 1610, and sent
ambassador to Venice, where he re-
mained until 1615, when he was trans-
ferred to Savoy ; ambassador to the
States (xeneral in 1616, and continued
chieHy in this employment until 1628,
except that in the year 1625 he was sent
as ambassador extraordinary to the
Court of France. M. P. for Hastings
in 1626 ; created Baron Carleton of
Imbercourt, County Surrey, May 21,
1626, and Viscount Dorchester, July
25, 1628 ; one of the principal sec-
retaries of state, December 14, 1628,
and in this position he evidently took
great interest in the colonies, as papers
still remaining amply prove. Gov-
ernor Harvey of Virginia constantly
appealed to him. He was a member
of the royal commission for the better
plantation of Virginia, June 27, 1631.
He died February 15, 1632, and was
buried in St. Peter's, Westminster.
" He was an able diplomatist and a
polished statesman ; a master of dif-
ferent languages ; a good ancient and
modern historian ; and was esteemed
a graceful and eloquent speaker."
He married, first, in November. 1607,
Anne, step-daughter of Sir Henry
Saville, and daughter and co-heir of
George Gerard, Esq., second son of
Sir William Gerard, knight of Dorney,
which lady accompanied him in all his
travels, as is expressed in her epitaph
in Westminster Abbey. He married,
secondly, in 1630, Anne, daughter of
Sir Henry Glenham, and widow of
Paul Viscount Bayning, which lady
survived him. He left no surviving
issue by either wife.
Carlisle, Earl of. — James Hay.
Carne, Edward, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of Nashe Gla-
morgan, eldest son of William Carne,
Esq. He was one of the tellers of the
Exchequer.
Caron, Sir Noel de. " He was
leger ambassador from the States of
the Netherlands to the English Court,
for the space of 33 or 34 years, in
which time he performed that place
with much honor and good to his own
country and State here. He died at his
house at Lambeth, December 1, 1624,
and was buried with due solemnity iu
the chancel of the church there, Janu-
ary 25, 1625. Archbishop Abbot
preached his funeral sermon." In
1622 he built and endowed, in Lam-
8^6
CARPENTER — CAVENDISH
beth parish, seven almsliouses for poor
women, " and thereby bangs a tale."
Carpenter, Abraham. Pd. £12
10s.
Carpenter, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £49 3s.
Carpenter, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Alderman's deputy of
the Ward of Portsoken ; married
Alice, daughter of Thomas Carpenter
(probably the above Thomas) of the
Home in Pembridge, Com. Hereford.
Carr, Sir Edward, 3. Sub. ;
I)d. £37 10s. Of Sleaford, County
Lincoln ; knighted April 23, 1603 ;
created a baronet, 1611 ; died, 1619.
Carr, Robert, Earl of Somerset.
Knighted December 23, 1607 ; lord
treasurer of Scotland, 1610 ; Vis-
count Rochester, March 25, 1611 ;
K. Ct. May, 1611 ; privy councilor,
April, 1612 ; Earl of Somerset, No-
vember 3, 1613 ; married Countess of
Essex, December 26, 1613; condemned
to death for murder of Sir Thomas
Overburv, 1616 ; pardoned and re-
leased, 1622 ; died July, 1645. (See
Gondomar. )
Carter, Francis, 3. Sub. ; pd.
. He was an officer of the Va.
Co. of London and a very large share-
holder in Virginia ; in 1621 and 1622
he transferred 86 shares to 39 per-
sons.
Carter, Randall (or Randolph),
tallow chandler, 2. Sub. £37 10s.; pd.
£100. He died prior to 1620, and his
e.xecutors also adventured £25 in addi-
tion on account of his estate.
Cartwright, Abram, draper, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £75. Member of
the E. I. Co. ; on the Virginia Com-
mission of July 15, 1624. His daugh-
ter Frances married Samuel Vassall,
of London. (See John Vassall.)
Carvil — Kervill, etc., John, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £75. Barrister at
law of New Monkton, York, and of
the Middle Temple ; married, prior to
1600, Dorothy, daughter of Robert
Kav, of Woodsorae. He was M. P.
for" Aldborough (York), 1621-22,
1624-25, 1625, and 1626.
Carwarden — Carmarden, Rich-
ard, esquire, 3. Sub. ; pd. £25.
He was the surveyor of the great cus-
toms to King Ciiarles in 1034 ; his fa-
ther, Richard Carmarden, of London,
was surveyor of the customs to (iueen
Elizabeth. Of the same family, I
suppose, as Sir Thomas Carwardine,
master of the revels to Henry VIII.
Cassen — Cason, John, grocer, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £50. Married
Margaret, sister to Richard Edwards;
also of N. W. P. and E. I. companies.
Caswell, Richard, baker, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £1-5. Of St. Swithin,
London ; married, in 1619, Mary,
daughter of Richard Slany, Esq. ; on
the committee of the Va. Co., April 28,
1619 ; on the committee in charge of
the two Virginia Maydes, November
15, 1620 ; one of the stewards for or-
dering and preparing the annual sup-
per of the Va. Co., November, 1621
and 1622; treasurer for the magazine
of provisions sent to Virginia in July,
1623. He informed the Archbishop
of Canterbury of the non-conformity
of the officers and others in the Ber-
mudas, for which he was suspended
from his place in the court of th# S. I.
Co., November 27, 1639. He died
1646.
Cater — Catto, "William, 2. Sub.
; pd. . A citizen of London,
who lent money to the king ; member
of the E. I. Co.; in 1608 he was on
the committee of that company. In
1609 he lent the company £1,000 at 9
per cent, interest, and asked to be
allowed to buy carpets in the Indies
for his own use; also of N. W. P. Co.
Cavendish-Talbot, " Mary Count-
ess of Shrewsbury," 3. Sub. ;
pd. £50. Wife of Gilbert Talbot, and
sister of William Lord Cavendish.
Cavendish, Captain Thomas.
Of Grimston Hall in the parish of
Trimley, St. Martin, Suffolk He was
probably born about 1555; was on the
voyage to Roanoke (North Carolina)
in 1585. He sailed around the world
in 1580-88, and made a second "at-
tempte to do the like " in 1591, but
was obliged to alter his course and re-
turn for England. He died at sea in
the summer of 1592, and was buried
in the Atlantic Ocean somewhere near
8° N. Lat.
Cavendish, William Lord, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £187 10s. He was
the second son of Sir William Caven-
dish by his third wife, Elizabeth,
daughter of John Hardwiek, Esq.
His mother was a noted woman for
nearly a century in the liistory of
CAVENDISH
847
England. " Bess of Hardwick " was
born about 1518 ; at the age of four-
teen years, she married Robert Bar-
ley, Ksq., who died without issue, Feb-
ruary 2, lij3|. "She lived a widow
a considerable time, and then took for
her second husband Sir William Cav-
endish, who died in 1557, having had
by her a hopeful number of sons and
daughters." She married, thirdly. Sir
William St. Loe, and fourthly, George
Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, who died
November 18, 1.590 ; but she had is-
sue by her second husband only. She
died February 13, IGO^, immensely
rich.
Lodge says, " She was a woman of
a masculine understanding and con-
duct ; . . . a builder, a buyer, and
seller of estates, a money-lender, a
farmer, and a merciiant of lead, coals,
and timber. . . . She lived to a great
old age, continually flattered, but
seldom deceived." Her second son
by her second husband, of whom I
write, was probably born about 1550.
M. P. for Newport in Cornwall, No-
vember 12, 1588, to March 29, 1589 ;
sheriff of Derbyshire, 1594-95 ; cre-
ated Baron Cavendish of Hardwick,
County Derb}', May 4, 1G05; an in-
corporator of the N. W. P. Co., July
26, 1612.
Collins says, " His lordship was
one of the first adventurers, who set-
tled a colony and plantation in Vir-
ginia ; and on tlie first discovery of
the Bermudas Island, had (with the
Earl of Northampton, the Earl of
Pembroke, the Lord Paget, the Lord
Harrington, and others) a grant of
them from the king. Wiiereupon, in
April, 1612, they sent a ship thither,
with sixty persons, to take possession
thereof, who were followed by others,
and yearly supplies, which soon made
them a flourishing plantation. The
great island was divided into eight
cantons or provinces, bearing the name
of eight of the chief proprietors,
whereof one of them still retains the
name of Cavendish. "
He was one of the incorporators of
the Bermudas Company, June 29,
1615. Mr. Henry Cavendish, liis elder
brother, died in 1(516, " without lawf nil
yssue, whereby his inheritance, which
is esteemed to be of better valew then
£4,000 by the yere, is fallen uppon the
Lord Cavendishe ; " " who thus inher-
ited the whole estate, and possessed
three of the finest houses in England :
Chatsworth, Hardwick, and Oldcotes,
all erected by his celebrated mother."
" He was declared Earl of Devon-
shire, on August 2, 1618, in the Bish-
op's palace at Salisbury ; but the let-
ters patent bear date August 7, 1618."
In the disputes of 1623 in the Va. Co.
of London, he sided with the Sandys
faction, of which his son, the Lord
Cavendish, was a leader. He died
March 3, 162^, and was buried at
Endsore, near Chatsworth, where a
monument is erected for liiin. His
second son by his first wife (Anne,
daughter of Henry Kighley, Esq. ) was
" Sir William Cavendish Knight."
Cavendish, Sir William. Sub.
— : — ; pd. £25. Son of the forego-
ing; was born about 1589-90. In 1608
he went on his travels into France
and Italy, under the tuition of Mr.
Thomas Hobbs, and on his return
was knighted at Whitehall, March 7,
160| ; and by the policy of King
James was married to Christian, only
daughter to his great favorite, Ed-
ward Lord Bruce, of Kinlosse in Scot-
land. The king gave her a fortune
of £10,000, and requested "that Sir
William might bear up the port of
his son; which mediation proved so ef-
fectual, that the Lord Cavendish did
what the king thought reasonable."
" But this addition," says Collins,
"though it answered the king's, yet it
did not rise up to the generosity of
the son's mind, which occasioned his
contracting a very great debt, entei'ed
into by an excess of gallantry, the vice
of that age, which he too much in-
dulged himself in." M. C. for Va.
Co. He succeeded his father as Lord
Cavendish in August, 1618. M. P. for
Derby in 1621; governor of the S. I.
Co., 1622-23 ; a leading member of
the Sandys faction in 1623, he fre-
quently presented the case of that fac-
tion to King James. " On Wednesday
(July 16, 1623) at the Bermudas Court,
Sir Edwin Sandys fell foul upon the
Earl of Warwick. The Lord Ca.ven-
dish seconded Sandys, and the Earl
told the Lord, by his favour, he be-
lieved he lied. Hereupon it is said,
they rode out yesterday, and, as it
is thought, have gone beyond sea to
848
CAVENDISH — CECIL
fight." (Letter to Rev. Joseph Mead,
July 18.) On the 19th of July the
Privy Council ordered that all the
ports of the kingdom should be care-
fully watched so that they might not
cross the Channel. July 26, Cham-
berlain wrote to Carletou : " The last
week, the Earl of Warwick and Lord
Cavendish fell so foul at a Virginia,
or Bermuda's Court, that the lie passed
and repassed, and they are got over to
trv their fortune; yet we do not hear
they are met ; so that there is hope
they may return safe. In the mean-
time, their ladies forget not their old
familiarity, but meet daily, to lament
their misfortune." " In a few days
Cavendish was detected and arrested
at Shoreham in Essex ; but War-
wick, disguising himself as a merchant,
reached the opposite shore, where he
was taken at Ghent early in August
and ordered to return to England."
Lord Cavendish was M. P. for Derby
again in 1624, 1625, and 1626.
" In the year 1625 Lord Cavendish
and his lady waited on Charles I. to
Canterbury, by his royal appointment,
to be present at his nuptials with
Mai'ia-Henrietta (second daughter to
Henry IV. of France), who arrived at
Dover on May 13, and came the same
night to Canterburj', where the mar-
riage was consummated."
He succeeded his father as Earl of
Devonshire, March 3, 1626, and died at
liis house near Bishopsgate in London
on June 20, 1628.
This earl was a great speaker
in both houses of Parliament. Mr.
Hobbs, who had lived with him for
20 years (1608-28) held him up as a
pattern to his son.
His widow, Christian, Countess of
Devonshire, who survived him nearly
47 years, dying January 16, 167|, was
a woman of considerable celebrity,
the patroness of the wits of that age,
and a zealous royalist.
His daughter Anne married Robert,
the eldest son of his old opponent,
Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick.
Cecil, Sir Edward, 2. Sub. £75;
pd. £25. Third son of Thomas Cecil,
first Earl of Exeter, by his first wife,
Dorothy, daughter of John Neville,
" Lord Latymer." He was born Feb-
ruary 29, 157|, and entered service in
the Low Country wars in 1599, where
" he passed the degrees of Captaine
of foote and hotse; Colouell of foote,
and served with great distinction as
Collonell of the English horse at the
battle of Nieuport in Flanders anno
1600." At Ostend in July, 1601 ;
knighted by Elizabeth September,
1601 ; M. P. for Aldborough in 1601 ;
granted the keepership of Mortlake
Park for life in 1603. In active ser-
vice in the wars in the Low Countries,
1602-05; M. C. for Va. Co., May 23,
1609; March, 1610, appointed by King
James to command the English forces
employed in the war about the succes-
sion to the deceased Duke of Cleves ;
served at the siege of Juliers, July ^ ?
to August ||. In 1612 he acted for
Henry, Prince of Wales, as sponsor to
the child of Count Ernest of Nassau.
" He followed the Warres in the
Netherlands 35 years." M. P. for
Chichester in 1614. In 1620 he was
consulted by the Virginia Company re-
garding the fortifying of Virginia ;
M. P. for Chichester in 1621-22, in
which Parliament " they say he made
a brave speech concerning the de-
fenses of England ; " M. P. for Dover
in 1624-25. He was admiral and lord
marshal, lieutenant-general and gen-
eral of the expedition sent by King
James and King Charles against the
King of Spain and Emperor, which
finally sailed for Spain, October 1,
1625 ; created Baron Cecil of Putney,
November 9, 1625, and Viscount Wim-
bledon, July 25, 1626. He was also
"a Counsellor of State and Warre,
and Lord Lieutenant of the County of
Surry, and Captain and Governour of
Portsmouth."
In August, 1636, he wrote two let-
ters from Portsmouth to Secretary
Windebank, in which " he blames
Governor Harvey for his delays in
sailing to Virginia." He died at
Wimbledon November 16, 1638, and
lies buried in the parish clmrch there,
under a tomb on which a brief outline
of his life is inscribed.
He was one of the most famous
generals of his time, though he lost
some reputation by the miscarriage of
the expedition to Cadiz in 1625, in
which he commanded. He wrote a
short defense of his conduct on this
occasion which was printed in 1627,
and two short tracts on military affairs,
CECIL
849
which remain in MS. in the British Mu-
seum.
He was thrice married, but left no
male issue. He mairied, first, Theo-
(losia, a daughter of Sir Andrew Noel;
secondly, February 27, 1617, Diana,
daughter of Sir William Drury (who
" after the death of her brother, Sir
Robert Drury," says Chamberhiin,
"became a good marriage worth £10,-
000 or £12,000"); and, thirdly, So-
phia, daughter of Sir P>lward Zouehe.
Cecil, Robert, Earl of Salisbury,
2. Sub. ; pd. £3.'}.'> 6s. 8d.; con-
tributed £333 6s. 8d. (.'$8,000) to tlie
V;i. Co. and was the constant and faith-
ful friend of the Virginia enterprise ;
" The little beagle " of James I. He
was the son of Lord Treasurer Burgh-
ley by his second wife, Mildred, daugh-
ter of Sir Anthony Coke, or Cooke, of
(ridea Hall in Essex; born June 1,
1560 ; educated at home and at Cam-
bridge ; M. P. for Westminster, 1586-
87; served against the Spanish Armada
in 1588; knighted in June, 1591; privy
councilor, August, 1591; spoke against
Ralegh, and in defense of aliens in
1593 ; one of the principal secretaries
of state, 1596; chancellor of the Duchy
of Lancaster, and keeper of the privy
seal, 1597. He was the chief commis-
sioner on the part of England in the
treaty between France and Spain, at
Vervins in 1598. " He succeeded his
father, who died in the autumn of that
year, in the post of master of the wards ;
and in his office of secretary exercised
in fact that of prime minister for the
remaining five years of tlie queen's life,
with as full a share of her favor and
confidence as slie had at any time be-
stowed on liis illustrious natural and
political predecessor. No one among
her ministers but himself could have
supplied the loss of Walsiughara, who
furnished her with the means of con-
trolling foreign powers through intel-
ligence gained in their own courts.
Cecil even rivaled him in this dark
faculty." (Lodge.) He was the sole
secretary of state to James I. from
1603 to his death in 1612 ; created
Baron Cecil of Essingden, May 13,
1603 ; Viscount Cranbourne, August
20, 1604 ; Earl of Salisbury, May 4,
1605 ; Chancellor of the University of
Oxford ; Knight of the Garter, May,
1606; lord high treasurer, May 4, 1608.
He died of pulmonary consumption at
Marlborough, May 24, 1612, and was
buried in the parish church of his
princely seat of Hatfield in Herts. He
married Elizabetli, daugliter of Wil-
liam Brook, Lord Cobliam, by whom
he had one son, William, his successor,
lineal ancestor of the present Marquis
of Salisbury.
In 1603 Sir Robert Cecil wrote as
follows to Sir James Harington :
"Good Knight rest content, and give
heed to one that hath sori'owed in the
bright lustre of a Court and gone
heavily on even the best-seeming fair
ground. 'Tis a great task to prove
one's honesty and yet not mar one's
fortune. You have tasted a little
thereof in our blessed Queen's time,
who was more than a man, and, in
truth, sometimes less than a woman.
I wish I waited now in your presence-
chamber, with ease at my food and
rest in my bed. I am pnslied from
the shore of comfort, and know not
where the winds and waves of a court
will bear me. I know it bringeth little
comfort on Earth; and he is, I reckon,
no wise man that looketh this way to
heaven."
Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset,
who died in April, 1608 (who had been
long intimate with Cecil), in his last
will, solemnly records, " with the ut-
most warmth of expression," Cecil's
many public and private virtues, be-
cause as he says, " I am desirous to
leave some faithful remembrance in
this my last Will and Testament ; that
since the living speech of my tongue
when I am gone from hence nmst then
cease and speak no more, that yet the
living speech of my pen, which never
dieth, may herein thus forever truly
testify and declare the same."
After Salisbury's death Digby wrote
from Madrid to King James : " Ve-
lasco . . . writeth, in his Letters of
April 14, 1612, that there is arrived
a Secretarj'^ from Florence who . . .
hath made promises of 100,000 crowns
to Beltenebras [«'. e. Salisbury] in case
he procure the efl^ecting of the mar-
riage."' And again on September 9,
1613, Digby wrote to King James :
" I conceive your Majesty will think
it strange that your late High Treas-
urer and Chief Secretary, the Earl of
Salisbury (besides the Ayudas de costa,
850
CECIL
as they term tliem, — which are gifts
extraordinra'y upon services) should
receive G,OUO crowns yearly pension
from the King of Spain." But when
Digby made these charges Salisbury
was dead, and it may be remembered
that it is said that Digby's own hand
sometimes felt the roughness of a
Spanish dollar. I will not enter into
these controversies. If the accounts
of the time are to be relied on, the
Duke of Lerraa made the Court of
Spain a market in which nothing could
be done without the medium of money,
— state affairs were for trade and bar-
ter. Lerma expected to receive money
for himself from others, and was lib-
eral in bestowing the money of Spain;
but it is not in evidence that Spain al-
ways received compensation therefor,
(See Gardiner's " Hist. England," i.
pp. 215, 216.)
Cecil, Thomas, Earl of Exeter, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £220. The only son
of the first Lord Burghley by his first
wife Mary, daughter of Peter Cheke,
and sister of the noted Sir John Cheke,
tutor to Edward VI. ; born May 5,
1542 ; traveling in Europe with his
tutor, Thomas Windebank, in 1560-62;
M. P. for Stamford in Lincolnshire in
1563, and also in two other Parlia-
ments of Elizabeth's reign. In 1573
he served with distinction as a vol-
unteer in the expedition into Scotland
under Sir William Drury, in aid of
the Earl of Murray, the regent of the
young King of Scots, when the castle
of Edinburgh was besieged and taken.
In July, 1575, waiting on Queen Eliza-
beth at Kenil worth Castle in Warwick-
shire, when she was entertained by the
I^arl of Leicester with all princely
pleasures, her majesty at that time
conferred on him the honor of knight-
liood. In 1581 he was one of those
illustrious gallants wlio entertained
Francis of Valois, Duke of Alanson,
heir presumptive of France, and broth-
er to the Frencli King, then in Eng-
land as a suitor to Queen Elizabeth,
and gained honor in the justs, barriers,
and tourney performed on that occa-
sion. He also distinguished himself
in the wars of the Low Countries, and
was, in November, 1585, made gov-
ernor of the Brielle, one of the cau-
tionary towns which the states of
Holland pledged to Queen Elizabeth.
In September, 1586, he fought as a
volunteer at Doesburg, and resigned
his command of the Brielle late in
1587.
In 1585 he was chosen a member of
Parliament for the county of Lincoln,
and was also in another Parlianient for
that county. In 1588 he was a vol-
unteer on board the fleet which for six
days maintained many sharp fights and
fierce assaults with the Spanish Ar-
mada, and at length forced them to fly.
M. P. for Northamptonshire in 1593.
In 1598, at the funeral of his father,
the Lord Burleigh, on August 29, he
was chief mourner, and by her maj-
esty's order mourned as an earl, being
at that time in the 57th year of his
age. Warden of Rockingham i^orest
and constable of the castle there for
life in 1599 ; one of the commanders
against Essex in February, 1601.
" He was elected one of the Knights-
Companions of the Most Noble Order
of the Garter, and installed at Wind-
sor, May 26, 1601." (Collins.)
On the accession of King James to
the throne in 1603, he was sworn of
the Privy Council at the Charter-
House, May 10, 1603, the fourth day
after his majesty's arrival in London,
and was constituted lord lieutenant
of the county of Northampton. And
his majesty, in consideration of his
great merits and services, created him
Earl of Exeter, May 4, 1605. M. C.
for Va. Co., May 23, 1609. The meet-
ings of the managers of this company
were sometimes held at his house in
London, facing the Strand. The old
Lord Burleigh died in this house in
1598. He called it Burleigh House,
and when in London i-esided there,
and was visited there by Queen F21iza-
beth. Pennant says it was " a noble
pile, built with brick, and adorned
with four square turrets." It was af-
terwards known as Exeter House, and
was still existing in 1826 as Exeter
'Change Royal Menagerie, and adorned
with the sign of " Edward Cross,
EDMOND SHEFFIELD
First Earl of Mul^rai;-
CECIL
851
Dealer in Foreign Birds and Beasts."
It was pulled down in 1830, and the
Lyceum Theatre, Wellington Street,
•stands on part of the site.
The Earl of Exeter was now grow-
ing old ; but during the remainder of
his life he continued in many noble
employments. In 1617 he was trou-
bled by the disagreement between his
daughter, the Lady Hatton, and her
liusband. Lord Chief Justice Coke,
and in 1618 by the scandalous sfjuab-
ble between his grandson, Lord Koos,
and his wfe and her father, Sir
Thomas Lake. And he seems, to-
wards the conclusion of his life, to
have taken up an inclination to church-
government, for in 1618 he accepted a
nomination, with others, to proceed
against Jesuits and Seminary priests,
with authority to banish them from the
realm ; and in 16::0 was joined with
the Archbishop of Canterbury in a
special ecclesiastical commission for
that province, and towards the end of
the same year, in another for that of
York. He left some proofs too, not
only of a charitable disposition, but
of an affection to learning, for he
founded and endowed a hospital at
Liddington in Rutlandshire for a ward-
en, twelve poor men and two women,
and gave an estate to Clare Hall in
Cambridge for the maintenance of
three fellows and eight scholars.
He died February 7, 1622, in his
80th year, and was buried in the
chapel of St. John the Baptist in
Westminster Abbey, where a magnifi-
cent monument remains to his meinox"y.
He married, first, Dorothy, daugh-
ter and co-lieir of John Lord Latimer,
by whom he had five sons and eight
daughters. Of the sons, William, the
eldest (see hereafter) ; Richard, the
second son, married a daughter of Sir
Anthony Cope, and the present Mar-
quis of Exeter descends from them ;
Edward, the third son, of whom I have
written ; Thomas, the fifth son, mar-
ried Anne, daughter of Sir Robert Lee,
mayor of London ; ilary, the foui th
daughter, married Edward Lord
Denny; Elizabeth, the sixth daughter,
married, first. Sir William Newport
alian Hatton (heir to Sir Christopher
Hatton), and secondly, Sir Edward
Coke, the lord chief justice. Dorothy,
the seventh daughter, married Sir
Giles Alington, and Frances, the
eighth, married Nicholas Tuftou, Earl
of Thanet.
The P^arl of Exeter married, sec-
ondly, Frances, eldest daughter of
William Brydges, fourth Lord Chan-
dos, and widow of Sir Thomas Smith
of Parson's Green. She was the sis-
ter of Grey Brydges, fifth Lord Chan-
dos.
Cecil, Captain William. Eldest
son of Thomas, Earl of Exeter ; with
Drake 1585-86 ; father of William
Lord Roos. At the death of his father
in 1622 he succeeded as second Earl
of r^xeter, and died in 1640.
Cecil, William, Lord Burleigh.
He was born at Bourne, Lincolnshire,
September 13, ISlO ; master of re-
quests to the Protector Somerset, 1517;
at the battle of Musselburgh, Septem-
ber 10, 1547 ; secretary of state,
1548 ; committed to the Tower, 1549;
restored to office, October, 1551 ;
kniglit and member of Privy Council,
1551 ; resigns office, 1553 ; M. P.,
Lincolnshire, 1555 ; secretary of state;
privy councilor, 1558 ; patron of the
trade to Russia ; master of the wards,
1561 ; interested in Capt. John Haw-
kins's voyages, 1564-68 ; Baron Bur-
leigh, 1571 ; Knight of the (iarter,
1572 ; lord high treasurer, July 15,
1572 ; interested in Frobisher's voy-
ages, 1576-78, and Feuton's, 1582-83;
died May 4, 1598.
He was a truly great man. The
church and state of England prob-
ably owe as much to him as they do to
any man. His biography would be
almost a history of the time in which
he lived. He patronized all the Eng-
lish voyages for discovery, etc. He
married, first. May 8, 1541, ^lary,
daughter of John Cheke, who bore
him an only child, Thomas (whom
see), and died February 22, 154|. He
married, secondly, December 21, 1545,
Mildred, daughter of Sir Anthony
Cooke. She was the mother of Robert
(whom see).
Cecil, William, Lord Cianborne,
3. Sub. ; pd. £25. Onlv son of
Robert, Earl of Salisbury. In 1600
he was at Sherborne, pursuing his
studies under Ralegh's guidance ;
married, in December, 1008, Cather-
ine, youngest daughter of Thomas
Howard, Earl of Suffolk ; aided in
852
CHADERTON — CHAMBERLAIN
sending out Hudson to the Northwest
in 1610 ; succeeded his father as sec-
ond Earl of Salisbury in 1612. Ralegh
dedicated his " Brief History of Eng-
land " to him ; May 28, 1619, passed
to Captain Brett two shares of land in
Virginia. One of his Majesty's Coun-
cil for New England, November 3,
1620; Knight of the Garter, December
Ll, 1624 ; served King Charles I. as
an ambassador extraordinary to the
Court of France; sat in the Long Par-
liament during the interregnum. Died
December 3, 1668, and was succeeded
by his grandson.
Chaderton (or Chatterton), Dr.
Laurence. His wife was aunt to
Rev. Alexander Whitaker of Vir-
ginia (see under Dr. William Whit-
aker). He is said to have been
born in 1536 ; was master of Emman-
uel College, Cambridge, 1584-1622 ;
took part in the Hampton Confer-
ence, 1604 ; employed on the Author-
ized Version of the Bible, 1607-1611.
He died November 13, 1640, aged
104(?). He is classed among the Pu-
ritan divines. He joined the Va. Co.
soon after 1612. " On Feb'y 12, 161?
renouncing all Prizes by ye Lottery he
had a Bill of Adventure of £12 10s.
granted him in Virginia." His dauglv-
ter Elizabeth was the second wife of
Abraham Johnson, whose son, Isaac
Johnson (by his first wife), went to
New England.
Chaloner, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Son of Sir Thomas
Chaloner the elder, of Gisborough in
Yorkshire and of Steeple Claydon in
Bucks, an eminent scholar, poet, and
statesman in the reigns of Edward
VI., Mary, and Elizabeth; ambassador
to Spain in 1561," etc. He was born
' in 1.5.59 ; educated first at St. Paul's
School, and then at Magdalen College,
Oxford. About 1584 he addi-essed
" A Shorte Discourse of the most rare
and excellent vertue of Nitre : " etc.,
" from tlie Isle of Lamby on the East
coast of Ireland, to his cousin John
Napper, Apothecary, at the sign of the
Ewe and Lamb, over against Soper
Lane end in cheapside," which was
" Imprinted at London by Gerald
Dewes in 1584."
I\I. P. for St. Mawes in 1586 ;
kniglited by Henry IV. in the wars of
France in 1591 ; traveling in Italy in
1596 and 1597, " and several of his
letters to the Earl of Essex and Mr.
Anthony Bacon written at this time
may be found in Dr. Birch's Memoirs
of Elizabeth." August 9, 1603, he
was appointed by James I. to have the
charge of the person and household
of Prince Henry. On August 17,
1603, he was appointed tutor to the
prince, and James I. presented him
with £4,000 "as a free gift." His
first wife died June 22, 1603, and he
afterwards married Judith, daughter
of William Blunt, esquire, of London,
and sister to Sir Thomas Smith's wife.
June 10, 1604, he accompanied Sir
Thomas Smith to the Court of James
I., when he was about to leave on his
embassy to Russia; and, according to
some accounts, he went with Smith on
that embassy. M. P. for Lostwithiel,
1604-11. He discovered the alum
mines in Yorkshire about 1600, for
which he was afterwards granted a
pension of 40 marks per annum, and
brought its manufacture to perfection
near Whitby in IGOS. M. C. for Va.,
March 7, 1607 ; M. C. for Va. Co.,
May -3, 1609. He became chamber-
lain to Prince Henry wJien he was
created Prince of Wales in 1610 ;
July 26, 1612, an incorporator of the
N. W. P. Co. ; August 28, 1613, was
one of those who received a grant for
" all that part of Guiana or continent
of America between the rivers Ama-
zon and Dollesquebe." He died No-
vember 18, 1615, and is buried in the
church at Chiswick in IMiddlesex.
"This able and upright governor of
Henrj' Prince of Wales lay under some
suspicion of puritanism."
Chambers, George, fishmonger.
Pd. £12 10s.
Chamberlaine, Abraham, mer-
chant, 2. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £112
10s. He was a Huguenot ; was first
cousin to the celel)rated Dr. Peter
Chamberlayne; married, in 1594, Hes-
ter (born in 1576), daughter of Thomas
Purpillian (Papillon) of the bedcham-
ber to King Henry IV. of France;
aided in sending out Hudson in 1610;
was a member of the Va., E. I., N.
W. P., S. I., and Providence (Baha-
mas) Island companies. He died in
August, 16.")1.
Chamberlain, George, ironmon-
ger, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. . Of
CHAMBERLAIN — CHERRY
853
St. Mai-y, Alderinanbnrv, London ; of
tlie E. I., Va., N. W.'r., and S. L
tonipauies ; a brother of fJobn Cham-
berlain (the next). He died in 161G ;
a benefactor of the Ironmongers, and
of Christ's, St. Thomas's, and St. Bar-
tholomew's Hospitals. He mari'ied,
in 1G04, Anne, daughter of Laurence
Overton, and niece of Sir John Mer-
rick, the ambassador to Muscovy.
Chamberlain, John. Son of
Alderman Richard Chamberlain (sher-
iff of London in loGl) by his first
wife, Aime, daughter of Robert and
Margery Downes of Yalding in Kent;
baptized at St. Olave's in the Old
Jewry, January 15, loof ; educated at
Cambridge ; made a voyage to Ire-
land, 1597; a journey to Venice, 1610-
1(511 ; was of the Court of Wards.
The Horace Walpole of his day, wrote
many newsy letters temp. Elizabeth,
James I., and Charles I. He was
buried at St. Olave's in the Old Jewry,
March 20, 1627.
An abstract of his will, wfitten June
18, 1627, is given in the " N. E. Regis-
ter," January, 1889, pp. 89-91.
He was brother to the foregoing
George and to cue of the following
Richards.
Chamberlain, Richard, ironmon-
ger, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £150.
M. C. for Va. Co.
Chamberlain, Richard, 3. Sub.
; pd. . (Two of the name
were members pf the Va. Co. and it is
frequently impossible to tell the one
from the other.)
Chamberlain, Robert. Sub. ;
pd. £100.
Champion, Richard, merchant, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Of the V,. L
and N. W. P. companies.
Ralegh's wife was under his charge
for a time in 1618.
Champlaine, Samuel de, 27. Of
Brouage; born 1567; died 1635; found-
er and governor of Quebec; explored
our New England coast in 1604-05.
Chandler, George, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Of the E. I. and N. W. P.
companies.
Chandos, Lord. — Grey Brydges.
Chanoyes, Shanois. Capt. John
Smith writes : " I was more beholden
to the French men that escaped drown-
ing in the man of Warre, Madaui
Chanoyes at Rotchell, and the Law-
yers of Burdeaux, then all the rest of
mil fonntr//-men I met in France."
Chapman, George, the poet, dram-
atist, translator. Born 1559 ; died
May 12, 1634 ; buried in St. Giles-in-
the-Ficlds, London.
Charatza Tragabigzanda. Smith
tells us that when he was taken pris-
oner, he fell to the share of Basliaw
Bogall, who sent him to Constantino-
ple to his fair mistress for a slave,
they marched in chains to this great
city where he was delivered to the
young Charatza Ti'agabigzanda, who
sent him to her brother in Tartary;
"there but to sojourne to learn the
language, and what it was to be a
Turke, till time made her Master of
herself e." He had only her love to
cheer him in his captivity ; but he
finally killed her brother, and escaped,
and never saw his young love again.
She was not forgotten, however, and
he afterwards named a cape on his
map of New England for her, which
name Prince Charles changed to Cape
Ann.
Charles V., emperor. Born at
Ghent, February 24, 1500 ; died Sep-
tember 21, 1558.
Charles, Prince. — Charles Stuart.
Cheeke, Sir Hatton, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Grandson of the celebrated
Sir John Cheeke ; was killed in a duel
by Sir Thomas Dalton in 1610.
Cheeke, Sir Thomas. Of Pirgo,
Essex ; grandson of the celebrated Sir
John Cheeke, tutor to King Edward
VI., and eldest son of Henrj^ Cheke
by Frances, daughter of Sir Humphrey
Ratcliffe. He was knighted May 7,
1603. His first wife, the daughter of
Peter Osborne, Esq., died without is-
sue in February, 1615, and he after-
wards married Essex, daughter of
Robert Rich, first Earl of Warwick ;
M. C. for Va. Co., 1612-20 ; M. P. for
Harwich, 1621-22 ; for Essex, 1624-
25 and 1625 ; for Maiden, 1626 ; for
Colchester, 1628-29 ; for Harwich,
1640 and 1640-53; died March 25,
1659.
Cherry, Sir Francis, merchant and
vintner. Of a Huguenot family, the
De Cheries of Picardy and Normandy;
Queen Elizabeth's ambassador to Rus-
sia in 1598; a leading man in the Mus-
covy and E. I. companies ; knighted
at Chatham, July 4, 1604. The date
854
CHESTER — CLARKE
of his death is not known to me. His
first wife, Margaret, died " of her
twelfth child " in 1595. His second
wife, Elizabeth, was a widow in 1613.
Of his daughters, Frances married Sir
John Merrick, Rebecca married Robert
Fenne the younger, and Elizabeth was
the first wife of Sir William Russell,
whose ships carried the first colony to
Virginia.
Chester, Sir William, merchant,
draper. Of the Muscovy Company ;
M. P.; alderman, 1553 ; sherifi', 1554;
knighted, 1556 ; lord mayor, 1560 ;
interested in Capt. John Hawkins'
voyages, 1564-68. The martyr, Law-
rence Saunders, was an apprentice of
his.
Chester, -William. Pd. £12 10s.
Chicheley, Clement, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £:-5.
Chichester, Captain Arthur.
Born in May, 1563; educated at Ox-
ford ; served against the Armada,
1588 ; in the American vovage, 1595 ;
Cadiz, 1596; iu Picardy, 1597 ; at Os-
tend, 1598; in Ireland, 1599, and after,
as lord deputy, etc.; created Lord Chi-
chester of Belfast, February '.i3, 1613;
sent to the Palatinate, spring, 1622;
member of the English Privy Council,
December 31, 1622; of the council of
war (on the projected war with Spain),
April 21, 1624; on the Virginia Com-
mission, July 15, 1624. Died Feb-
ruary 19, 1625, and was buried at
Carrickfergus.
Childe, Alexander, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . (Capt. Alexander Childe
was in the E. I. Co.'s service.)
Chiles, Alexander, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . (Sir Josiah Child was one
of the most famous merchants of Lon-
don in the next generation.)
Christian IV., King of Denmark.
Brother-in-law to King James of Eng-
land. Was born in 1577, and died in
1648. King, 1596-1648.
Chudley (or Chudleigh), George.
Of the N. Va. Co. " Son of John
Chudleigh, Esq., of Ashton, who as-
pired to rival the famous _ actions of
Drake and others by sea, but died a
young man in the Streights of Magel-
lan, leaving by his wife, daughter of
fxeorge Sp(>ke, P^sq., two sons and two
daughters." The old(>st son, (ieorge,
was only three or four years of age at
the time of his father's decease, but
was thoroughly educated by his trus-
tees at home and abroad. M. P. for
East Love, 1614; of the N. E. Coun-
cil, 1620; M. P. for Lostwithiel, 1621-
22; created a baronet, August 1, 1622;
M. P. for Tiverton, 1624-25; M. P.
for Lostwithiel. 1625 ; M. P. for ,
1640. He fought on the side of the
Parliament at Stratton, but afterwards
took up arms for the king, and pub-
lished a declaration in 1643, iu vin-
dication of his doing so. He married
Mary, daughter of Sir William Strode,
and died in 1657, leaving issue.
Church, Thomas, draper, 2. Sub.
£37 U)s.; pd. £62 10s. Of N. W. P.
Co. He was a benefactor of St. Bar-
tholomew's, Christ's, St. Thomas's,
and Bridewell Hospitals ; was buried
in "St. Bartholomew's behind the
J^xchange," London. " Here lyeth the
body of ]\Iaster Thomas Church, citi-
zen and draper of London. He was
helpfuU to man}-, hurtf ull to none, and
gave every one his due. . . . He de-
parted this life in August the 26 day
1616, being aged 65 yeeres." "A
good Life hath the Days numbred,
but a good Name endureth forever."
Chute, Sir George, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Knighted by Sir Arthur
Chichester, lord deputy in Ireland, at
Christ Church, October 14, 1608.
Chute, Sir Walter, 3. Sub. £75 ;
pd £25. Served iu the expedition of
1597 against the Azores ; knighted at
Beaver (Belvoir) Ca«tle, April 23,
1603. He is mentioned (not favor-
ably) in several of Chamberlain's let-
ters of May, 1614, as being " so near
the King that he cuts all the meat he
eats."
Clanricard, Earl of. — Richard
Bourke, Burke, or de Burgh.
Clapham, John, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. M. P. Sudbury, 1597-
98; one of the controllers of the Han-
aper (1605-10), and one of the six
clerks of the chancery; died Decem-
ber 6, 1018.
Clare, Earl of. — John Holies.
Clarke, Captain. 2. Sub. ;
pd. . (Engineer at the siege of
Ostend in 1601 ?)
Clarke, Captain John. " An
Englishman by nation, a native of
London, and of the same religion as
his king." Born about 1576 ; a pilot
by profession; was in Malaga iu 1609;
CLARKE — CLINTON
855
sailed from London with Dale for Vir-
ginia in March, 1611 ; taken prisoner
by the Spaniards at Point Comfort in
the summer of 1611; remained a pris-
oner in the West Indies and in Spain
until abont 161(5, when he was re-
leased ; made a vovag-i* to Viroinia in
1619 ; was the pilot of the Mavtlower
in 1620. On the 13th of February,
1622, at a meeting of the Virginia
Court, " Mr. Deputy acquainted the
court, that one Mr. Joiin Clarke beinge
taken from Virginia long since by a
Spanish ship that came to discover
that plantation ; that forasmuch as
he hatli since that time done the com-
panie good service in many voyages to
Virginia, and of late went into Ire-
land for transportation of cattle to
Virginia, he was an humble suitor to
this court, that he might be admitted
a free brother of the companie, and
have some shares of land bestowed
upon him." He was admitted and
given two shares. He arrived in Vir-
ginia, April 10, 1623, with Daniel
Gookin's ship, the Providence, and
soon after this he died in that colony.
Cleave — Clive, Sir Christopher,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Of Kent ;
was knighted at Greenwich, April 22,
1605.
Cletheroe (Clitherowe, etc.),
Christopher, ironmonger, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £50. Son of Henry
Cletherow of London. Was a mem-
ber of the E. I. Co. in 1601 ; of the Va.
Co. of London, 1609 ; of the N. W. P.
Co. in 1612 ; of the B. I. Co. in 1615;
on the committee of the E. I. Co. from
1614 ; master of the Ironmongers'
Company, 1618; nominated for deputy
treasurer of the Va. Co. in April, 1619,
and recommended to that company by
King James as a suitable person for
their treasurer in May, 1622 ; master
of the Ironmongers' Company again
in 1624 ; sheriff of London in l625 ;
M. P. for London, 1628-29. He was
an alderman for many years from Bil-
lingsgate ward, and governor of the
Eastland Company ; Lord Mayor of
London, 1635-36 ; knighted at Hamp-
ton Court, January 15, 1636 ; gov-
ernor of the E. I. Co., 1038-41. Died
November 11, 1641, and is buried in
St. Andrew's Undershaft, London.
He was a benefactor of the Ironmon-
gers' Company and of Christ Church
Hospital, of which he was president,
" ivhere there is a good portrait of him."
Clifford, George, Earl of Cumber-
land. Born August 8, 1558; educated
at Cambridge and at O.xford, where he
studied matheuiatics and geography ;
married Margaret, daughter of Francis
Kussell, secojid Earl of Bedford, fJune
24, 1577; was interested in Frobisher's
voyages, 1576-78 ; sent a fleet to the
river Plate, South America, 1.586-87 ;
served against the Armada, 1588 ; his
second voyage, 1588 ; his celebrated
voyage to the Azores, 1589 ; succeeds
old Sir Henry Lee as the queen's
knight, November 17, 1590. He con-
tinued to make raids on the commerce
of Spain, sometimes going in person.
He sent out his twelfth voyage in 1598.
His name is first on the list of incor-
porators of the E. I. Co., December
31, 1600. Appointed governor of the
Scottish Marches, June 8, 1603. Died
at the Savoy in the Strand, October
30, 1605. " He was by nature what
the heroes of chivalry were from fash-
ion." His only daughter, Anne, was
equally celebrated. She married, first,
Richard Sackville, second Earl of Dor-
set, and secondly, Philip Herbert, Earl
of Montgomery. She lived until 1675,
and died in her 87th year.
Clifford. See Russell — Clifford.
Clinton, Edward, Earl of Lincoln.
Born in 1512 ; was long lord high
admiral ; created Earl of Lincoln,
May 4, 1.572. He was interested in
the voyages of Frobisher, 1576-78,
and Fenton, 1582-83. Died January
16, 1585, and was succeeded by his
eldest son, Henry.
Clinton, Henry, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £50. Second Earl of Lincoln.
The eldest son of Edward, first Earl
of Lincoln, by his second wife, Ursula,
daughter of William Lord Stourton ;
was one of the fifteen knights of the
Bath, made September 29, 1553, two
days before tlie coronation of Queen
Mary. May 26, in 14 Elizabeth, he
accompanied his father, the Earl of
Lincoln, in his embassy to the French
Court. January 16, 1585, he succeeded
his father as Earl of Lincoln. " Li
29 Elizabeth he was one of the Peers
in commission, for the tryal of Mary,
Queen of Scots ; and was also com-
missioned for the tryal of Secretary
Davison." " In 31 Elizabeth, he was
856
CLINTON — COLTHURST
one of the Peers on the trj'al of Philip
Howard, Earl of Arundel, April 14."
Ambassador to the LandgraA'e of
Hesse in 1596. " In 1601, he was one
of the commanders of tlie Forces that
besieged the Earl of Essex in his
house, and obliged him to surrender ;
and was afterwards on his tryal, Feb-
ruary 10, in Westminster-hall. On
the decease of Queen Elizabeth, March
24, 160 1 , he was one of the Privy
Council that signed the letter at the
palace of Wliite-hall on March 28,
1603, to the Lord Eure, and the rest
of the commissioners for the treaty of
Breame, directing them how to pro-
ceed." M. C. for Va., 1608. He died
in September, 1615 (not 1616 as gener-
ally stated). His daughter Eliza-
betii married Sir Arthur Gorges. A
granddaughter, Lady Frances Fynes,
married John, eldest sou of Sir Fer-
dinando Gorges; another granddaugh-
ter, Lady Arabella Johnson, came to
New England. He was ancestor of
Sir Henry Clinton, K. B., a command-
er-in-chief of his majesty's land forces
in America during the Revolution, and
of the present Duke of New Castle.
Cobham, Lord. — Henry Brooke.
Cockayne, William, skinner, a
great merchant of London, first gov-
ernor of the Irish Company. He was
not a member of the Va. Co. until
May 17, 1620 ; knighted in 1616 ; for
many years an aldeiman of London ;
was lord mayor in 1619-20 ; died
October 20, 1626 ; buried at St. Paul's
Cathedral.
Cockes — Cocks — Coxe, Rich-
ard, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Of the
E. I. and Rus. companies, and chief of
the first English factory in Japan.
Cockes (etc.), Robert, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . A member of
the Court of Assistants, 1605, and
warden of the Grocers, 1609. Died
September 20, 1609, aged 47.
Codrington, Simon. Probably son
of Simon Codrington by his wife,
Mary Kelway (or Callaway), and if
so, the grandfather of Christoplier
Codrington, Esq., who went to the
Barbadocs in the time of Charles I.,
from whom I, and many other Ameri-
cans, descend.
Coitmore (Coytmore — Cote-
more, etc.), Rowland, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Served in the Drake-Haw-
kins voyage to America, 1595. " A
Fair Gallery was built on the south
side of the Chappel of St. John's at
Wappin, with part of the Benevolence
that was given for the Use of the
Chapel by the Mariners that went to
the East Indies in 1616, in the Royal
James, under the command of Capt.
Martin Fringe, procured by the care
of Master Rowland Coetmore then
Master of the said ship, and now at
the building hereof Warden of the
Chapel, 1622." He died in 1626, and
was a benefactor of the Trinity House.
His widow and children went to New
England about 1636. (See " N. E.
Reg.," 1880, p. 253, and 1886, p. 160.)
Coke, Sir Edvo-ard, " Lo. chief
justice." " Born 1552 ; called to the
bar, April 20, 1578 ; solicitor-general,
June, 1592 ; conducts prosecution of
Essex and Southampton, February,
1601 ; knighted May, 1603 ; conducts
prosecution of Raleigh, 1603 ; chief
justice of the King's Bench, October,
1613 ; privy councilor, November,
1613 ; dismissed from Privy Council,
June 30, 1616 ; discharged from office
of chief justice, November 15, 1616 ;
reinstated as privy councilor, Sep-
tember, 1617 ; one of the managers
of the impeachment of Bacon, 1621 ;
died at Stoke Pogis, Bucks, Septem-
ber 3, 1633." (Gates.) He was the
early friend of Roger Williams, the
father of the Baptists in America.
Coke — Cooke, Captain John, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Was this the
secretary of state (born 1563 ; died
1644) ; knighted September 9, 1624,
and appointed secretary in 1625 ?
Coke — Cooke, Sir "William, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. M. P. Helston,
1598-99; Westminster, IGOl; Wigan,
1604-11, and Gloucestershire, 1014 ;
knighted May 7, 1603 ; was of High-
ham, County Gloucester ; married
Lucy, daughter of Sir Thomas Lucy
of Charlecote. Died in 1618.
Colby, Edmund. Pd. £12 10s.
Died in \^irginia before 1621.
Colepeper. See Culpeper.
Collins, Henry, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s.
Colthurst, Henry, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Admitted to the
freedom, 1567 ; to the liAery, 1578 ;
sealed the oath of allegiance to Queen
Elizabeth, November 6, 1584 ; admit-
COLTHURST — COMPANIES OF LONDON
857
t&d to Court of Assistants, March 18,
1585 ; junior warden, 1587 ; died
about 1(510, and his son Tliouias was
admitted by patrimony and sworn to
freedom, May 23, IGIO." (Grocers'
Records.) Hi.s son Tliomas held two
shares in Virginia, possibly by inlierit-
ance.
Colthurat, Thomas. Pd. £25. •
Columbus, Christopher. Born
about 1145 ; saw land in the West
Indies, October l^, 1492 ; died 150!;.
Comock — Conook — Camock,
etc., Captain Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. ijio. Son of Thomas Camock,
Esq., and his wife, Frances Rich, aunt
of Robert Rich, second Earl of War-
wick. Capt, Thomas Camock after-
wards emigrated to New England, and
died there about 1G42. He was for a
time in the Bermudas.
Companies of London, 160S-
1616. — I. The Local Merchant
CoMPANiF.3. The first twelve are the
chief ; they are styled " the Honor-
able," and the Lord Mayor of London
is chosen aimually from one of them.
I will give these first companies in the
order of their rank. The others will
follow in alphabetical order for more
convenient reference. See the reports
of the City Companies' Commission
published in 1884, which gives most
ample particulars.
Mercers, 2. Sub. ; pd. £200.
Incorporated in 1393. (See Herbert's
" History of the Twelve Livery Com-
panies of London.") The Mercers
bear for their arms " a virgin," and the
company's song begins : —
" Advance the Virgin, lead the Van,
Of all that are in London free
The Mercer is the foremost man
That founded a society.
Chobus. Of all the trades that London f^rioe
We are the first in time and place."
I have identified ten mercers, who
contributed about £600 to the Ameri-
can enterprise.
Grocers, 2. Sub. ; pd. £487
10s. " The main stock from which
the company arose was the Guild of
Pepperers ; the earliest notice of
which is found in the Pipe Rolls, A.
D. 1180, and seem from the first to
have had to do with the Great Beam,
" Peso Grosso," the merchant's weight
of 15 oz. to the pound by which the
king's import tax was levied. The
word Grossarius of Soper Lane is first
found 1310. In the year 1328 the
Pepperers appear in city records as
Grossarii. In 1345 they call them-
selves in their own Archives " The
Fraternity of St. Antony of the Com-
panions of Pepperers of Soper Lane "
(the disciples of St. Antony of
Egypt who introduced sterling money
(1180) and the art of weighing by a
fixed standard of value, the sterling
penny or pennyweight, A. D. 1266).
In 1.365 they appear in the city record
as " Mestere Grossariorum Pipperari-
orum et appotecariorium." lirom the
year 1376 this association has been
known as "J he Grocers of Jjondon."
The motto of the company is " God
grant grace." With the assistance of
Mr. Kingdon I have identified seventy
grocers as having contributed about
£2,500 to the American enterprise.
Drapers, 2. Sub. ; pd. £150.
Incorporated 1430. Motto : " Unto
God only be Honour and Glory." I
have identified twenty drapers as hav-
ing contributed about £800.
Fishmongers, 2. Sub. ; pd. 150.
The salt fishmongers were incorpo-
rated in 1433, stock in 1509, and the
two united in 1536. Motto : " All
worship be to God only." Members
of this Guild contributed over £1,000.
Goldsmiths, 2. Sub. ; pd. £200.
Incorporated 1327. I have identified
twelve goldsmiths, who contributed
about £600. Motto : " Justitia, Vir-
tutum Regina."
Skinners, 2. Sub. ; pd. .
Incorporated 1327. They were also
called Tanners. Motto : " To God
only be all glory." Ten members of
thi:: Guild contributed about £700.
Merchant-Taylors, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £200. Incorporated 1416. Mot-
to : " Concordia parva res crescunt."
Tv.-enty members of this Guild contrib-
uted about £1,200.
Haberdashers, 2. Sub. ; pd.
. Incorporated 1447. "They
were also called Milleners, from the
place Milain in Italy, whence the com-
modities they dealt in chiefly came."
Motto : " Serve and obey." Twelve
members contributed about £500.
Sailers, 2. Sub. ; qd. £50.
Incorporated 1558. Motto : " Sal
Sapit Omnia." Two members contrib-
uted £130 15s.
Ironmongers, 2. Sub. ; pd.
858
COMPANIES OF LONDON
£133 6d. 8s. Incorporated 1462.
Motto : " God is our strength." Ten
members paid £625.
Vintners, 2. Sub. ; pd. .
Incorporated in 1436 by the name of
the " Wine-Tonners." Four members
paid £220.
Cloth-workers, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£100. Incorporated 1482. Motto :
" My trust is in God alone." King
James I. was a member of this Guild.
Sixteen members paid £1,000.
Armourers (1463), 2. Henry V. was
a member. Sub. ; pd. .
Barbers - Surgeons (1308), 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Basket Makers ( ),2. Sub. ;
pd. .
Blacksmiths (1577), 2. Sub. ;
pd. .
Boivyers (1623), 2. Sub. ; pd.
. " In regard that the use of the
Long Bow hath added no mean Hon-
our to this Realm of England, mak-
ing it famous in far remote Nations ;
They may well stand on a great
Privilege of Antiquity, yet their in-
corporating speaks but of the 21st
year of the Reign of King James I."
(Strvpe.)
Brewers (1438), 2. Sub. ; pd.
Girdlers (1448), 2. Sub. ; pd.
£50.
Glaziers (1637), 2. Sub. ; pd.
. It may be noted that all of
these companies were certainly in ex-
istence May 23, 1609 ; yet several ap-
pear not to have been incorporated at
that time.
Imhroyderers (1591), 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Innholders (1515), 2. Sub. ; pd.
. Their old motto was, " When
I was Harbourless, ye lodged me."
Joiners (1561), 2. Sub. — -; pd. .
Leathersellers (1442), 2. Sub. ;
pd. £50.
Masons ( ), 2. Sub. ; pd.
. " Being otherwise termed Free
Masons, of ancient standing and good
reckoning, by means of affable and
kind Meetings divers times, and as a
loving Brotherhood should use to do,
did frequent this mutual Assembly in
the Time of King Henry IV. in the
12tli year of his most gracious Reign."
(Strype's Stow.)
Musicians (1604), 2. Sub. ;
V^- —
Paint-stainers or Painters (1580), 2.
Sub. ; pd. .
Pewterers (1474), 2. Sub. ; pd.
Bro'^-n Bakers (reincorporated 19 Plaisterers (1500), 2. Sub. ;
James I.), 2. Sub. ; pd. . pd. .
Butchers (1605), 2. Sub. ; pd. Plumbers (1611), 2. Sub. ; pd.
. A very ancient company, but
first incorporated 3 James I.
Carpenters (1344), 2. Sub. ; pd.
pd. .
Conks (1481), 2. Sub. ; pd.
Coopers (1501), 2. Sub.
; pd
Cordwayners or Shoemakers (1410)
2. Sub. ; pd. .
Curriers (1605), 2. Sub. ; pd
Cutlers (1417), 2. Sub. ; pd
Dyers (1469), 2. Sub. ; pd
£75.
Fletchers (1536), 2. Sub. ; pd
£75.
Founders (1614), 2. Sub. ; pd
Fruiterers (1604), 2. Sub. ; pd
Gardiners (1616), 2. Sub.
pd. .
Poulterers (1503), 2. Sub. ;
i. .
Saddlers (1280), 2. Sub. ; pd.
Scriveners (1616), 2. Sub. ;
pd. — .
Stationers (1557), 2. Sub. ; pd.
£125. " The Company of Stationers
of London was of great Antiquity,
before the famous Art of Printing was
invented or brought to England, as
(for the most part) their dwelling m
Pater-noster-Row, and the adjoining
parts, can testify." Perhaps the first
work printed in England was " The
Game and Playe of Chesse ... by
William Caxton. Fynysshed the last
daye of Marehe, A. D. 1474." Caxton
was free of the Mercers' Company.
Stow says, " The first of the Coqjora-
tion of Stationers, which I have met
with, who practised the Art of Print-
ing Books, were Wynkyn de Worde,
COMPANIES OF LONDON
859
and one Pynson, who both flourished
in the Reign of Henry VII. and in tlie
beginning of the Reign of Henry VIII.
And, also, Thomas Godfrey, who
printed about the same time." " In
1.533 there were within the Realm of
England a great Number, cunning and
expert in the JScienee and Craft of Print-
ing." Books and papers were for-
merly sold only in stalls ; hence the
dealers were called stationers. The
company received their first charter of
incorporation the fourth day of May,
1557. Sir William Cecil, afterwards
Lord Burghley, was the great patron
of this company. They were " Print-
ers, Booksellers, and such as sell Pa-
per and Parchment, and Blank Books
bound up for the use of Tradesmen
and merchants." " In 1575 there were
175 Stationers in London, and of these
140 came to their Freedoms in the com-
pany since the access of Queen Eliza-
beth to the crown. So much did
Printing and Learning come in re-
quest under the Reformation."
The press and the Reformation
were the leading factors in lapng the
foundation of the English colonies in
America.
Tlu-ee of this Guild were adven-
turers to the amount of £225 ; but at
least seventy others contributed in
small amounts or in other ways, while
the fruit of the press, without doubt,
influenced many hundreds to take
part in advancing the American enter-
prises.
Tallow-chandlers (1463), 2. Sub.
; pd. . Motto: " Delight in
God, and he shall give thee thy
Heart's desire."
Turners (1604), 2. Sub. ; pd.
Tylers and Bricklayers
Upholsters (1627), 2. Sub
Wax-chandlers (1484), 2. Sub.
Weavers (1184), 2. Sub. —
. " One of the earliest incor-
porations whose record has been pre-
served."
White Bakers, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£40. They were a company of London
in the first year of Edward II., 1308.
Woodmongers or Fuellers (1605), 2.
Sub. ; pd. .
;pd.
Woolmen or Wool-packers ( ), 2.
Sub. ; pd. .
(All of the foregoing companies are
still existing in London, except the
Brown Bakers, White Bakers (now
united into the Bakers' Company)
and Woodmongers, and all of them
have halls of their own, save the Black-
smiths, Cooks, Musicians, and Turners,
which companies transact their busi-
ness at Guild Hall.)
II. Using Shipping. There were,
at least, ten, which may be divided
into the following classes, viz. : —
1st. Strictly Commercial, three.
1. The Old Merchant Adventurers,
trading to the Netherlands and Ger-
many.
2. The Merchants of Elbing or East-
land Company, trading to the Baltic.
3. The Merchants of the Levant,
or Turkey Company, trading in the
Mediterranean and overland to East
India.
2d. Commerce and Discovery, three.
4. The Merchant Adventurers for
the Discoverie of Regions unknown
(1551); afterwards known as the Rus-
sia or Muscovy Company. " They
were at vast charges in fitting out
great Numbers of Ships for the dis-
covery of New Countries and Isles.
They discovered (and traded in) the
Cherry Islands, Greenland, Nova
Zembla, Davyes's Streights, Groone-
land, Hudson's Bay, the North of
America," etc. One of their ships
was the first English vessel (in loo6)
to round the North Cape of Europe,
and to enter the Great White Sea of
Russia. Their ships brought the first
colonists to Virginia in 1606-07. (See-
Sebastian Cabot.)
5. The East India Company, trad-
ing to the East Indies, incorporated
December 31, 1600.
6. The North West Passage Com-
pany, incorporated July 26, 1612, to
advance a trade through said supposed
passage along the same and with the
great kingdoms of Tartary, China,
Japan, etc.
3d. Commerce, Discovery, and Colo-
nization, three.
7. The Virginia Company of Lon-
don, 1609.
8. The Newfoundland Company,
1610. (Not so especially a London
company.)
860
COMPANIES OF LONDON — CONWAY
9. The Bermudas or Somers Island
Company, 1615.
4th. Co7nmerce and Plantation, one.
10. The Irish Plantation Society,
first known as " The Governor and
Assistants of the new Plantation in
Ulster, within the realm of Ireland,"
and afterwards as tlie " Irish Society."
It was ineorjjorated March 29, 1613,
but had been under consideration since
1GU5, and many emigrants from Scot-
land and England had settled in Ul-
ster before this patent was granted.
Although many of those interested in
Virginia were also interested in Ire-
land, yet from the beginning this
plantation was a hindering rival to the
Virginia enterprises ; as early as Octo-
ber 2, 1605, Chichester wrote to Salis-
bury, " that it was absurd folly to run
over the world in search of colonies in
Virginia or Guiana, whilst Ireland was
lying desolate," and as soon as the
great city companies of London ac-
quired their plantations in Ireland
(1613-14), they ceased to take any
farther interest in their corporate ca-
pacity iu Virginia. But they were
still, in a certain sense, planting Vir-
ginia, for about a century afterwards
many of the descendants of the Scotch-
English settlers, bred on Irish soil,
and known in our annals as Scotch-
Irish, emigrated to Pennsylvania, Vir-
ginia, and the Carolinas.
Note. — Of these companies 4, 5, 6,
7, and 9 were largely under the man-
agement of one man. Sir Thomas
Smythe, who was also a leading mem-
ber of the Turkey Company (3). The
motives of these companies were in
many respects very similar, and we
cannot readily understand perfectly
the movements of one unless we have
a correct idea of tlie others. The rec-
ords of 4 were destroyed in the fire
at the Royal Exchange, where it then
had its offices in 16G6. The records
that remain of 5 have been carefully
calendared by Mr. Sainsbury, as have
also those which remain of Nos. 6, 7,
and 9. Many members of the East
India Company (5) were also of the
Virginia Company (7), and it was this
element which was, so naturally, ur-
gently anxious to find some " ready
way " throuiih America to East India.
Evidently many of the Russia Com-
pany (4) were also interested in the
American enterprise. In fact, we find
the same great leaders in all of these
great companies for commerce, dis-
covery, and for colonization.
Compton, "William Lord, 2. Sub.
; pd. £100. Succeeded his father
as Baron Compton in 1585 or 1589 ;
summoned to Parliament, 1593 ; es-
corted Queen Anne from Scotland to
England, May to June, 1603 ; made a
Knight of the Bath, January 6, 1605 ;
attended King James to Oxford, and
was created a Master of Arts of that
university, August 30, 1605 ; Lord
President of Wales, November 16,
1617 ; Earl of Northampton, August
2, 1618 ; knight-companion of the
most noble order of the Garter, April
11, 1629. Died June 24, 1630, at his
lodgings in the Savoy, London, and
was buried at Compton with his an-
cestors. He married Elizabeth, only
daughter of the rich Sir John Spencer,
Lord Mayor of London, and thereby
hangs many and many a tale. North-
ampton County, Virginia, was prob-
ably named for their son Spencer,
second Earl of Northampton, who
distinguished himself in the royal
cause during the civil wars, and fell
at Hopton Heath, March 19, 164§.
Compton, "William, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Also of the E. I. Co.
Conisbie — Connyngsby, Sir
Thomas, 3. Sub. £50; pd. £50.
W as of Hampton Court, County Here-
ford ; son of Humphrey Coningsby,
Esq. ; knighted by the Earl of Essex,
October 8, 1591, before Rouen ; M. P.
for County Hereford, 1593, 1597, and
1601 ; sheriff, 1598. Died May 30,
1625.
Connock, Richard, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £20. Of N. W. P.
Co. ; auditor to Henry, Prince of
Wales.
Conryo (Conry), Florence, an
Irish theologian, was born at Gal-
way in 1560 ; implicated in a plot for
a revolt in Ireland, 1607 ; became
Roman Catholic Archbishop of Tuani
in 1609, and died at Madrid, Spain, in
1629.
Con-way, Sir Edward, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £100. " Son of Sir John
Conway, who being a person of great
skill in military affairs, was made by
Robert, Earl of Leicester, governor of
Ostend. His son, Sir Edward Conway,
MARY SIDNEY
Countess of Pembroke
CONWAY — COOPER
861
succeeded to his father's martial skill
and valor, and twisted therewith
peaceable policy in state affairs ; so
that the gown and the sword met in
him in most eminent proportion." Sir
Edward was knighted by Robert, Earl
of Essex, at the sacking of Cadiz,
wliere he commanded a regiment in
1.396, at which time, Lodge says, " he
was a lieutenant-governor of the Brill."
He served with distinction in the Neth-
erlands, and was one of the govern-
ors of the Brill, 1G06-16.
M. P. for Penryn, 1610-11 ; M. C.
for Va. Co., 1609. July 3, 1622, his
son (Sir Edward Conway, Jr., who mar-
ried Frances, daughter of Sir Francis
Popham) was admitted into the Va. Co.
In January, 1623, he was made one
of the secretaries of state. "King
James recommended him to the lords,
for his birth, for his soldiery, for liis
languages, for his sufficiency, and for
his honesty." M. P. for Evesham,
1624-25. One of the principal sec-
retaries of state during the troubles
in the Va. Co. of London, 1623-24,
he evidently took great interest and
care in those affairs ; and from April,
1623, to June, 1624, he wrote over
twenty letters regarding them, which
are still preserved, and probably many
more, which are now lost. He was a
member of the royal commission, ap-
pointed July 15, 1624, for winding up
the Va. Co., and at least fifteen of his
letters, written July, 1624, to Sep-
tember, 1625, regarding Virginia af-
fairs, are still preserved.
He was created Baron Conway of
Ragley, County Warwick, March 22,
1625 ; captain of the Isle of Wight,
December 8, 1625 ; and was continued
as a secretary of state by Charles I.
" April 22,' 1625. The'Privy Council
instruct Lord Carew and himself to
take into consirleration what forts and
places of strength are to be erected
and maintained in Virginia, and to
give an estimate of the present charge
and the annual cost to maintain them.
April 29, 1625. He wrote to Sir
Thomas Smythe, ' The committee for
the Virginia business having referred
to Lord Carew and myself the consid-
eration of the state of that planta-
tion,' 'Smythe is requested to send
the names of such persons as may be
of use to them in their proceedings, as
also, the maps, relations, and papers
which may be with him.' "
Quere : What has become of these
maps, relations, and papers ? I have
evidence that many Virginia papers
were preserved by Lord Carew ; but I
have been unable to find any of them.
Sir Edward was advanced to the
Irish Viscountcy of Killultagh, County
Antrim, March 15, 1627 ; to the Eng-
lish Viscountcy of Conway of Conway
Castle, County Carnarvon, June 6,
1627, and about the same time made
president of the Privy Council.
In 1627 and 1628 his wife and him-
self were interested in the Newfound-
land Colony, and some time prior to
March 30, 1G28, he subscribed £100
to the New England Colony. He died
January 3, 1631, in St. Martin's Lane,
London.
He married, first, Dorothy (or
Anne), daughter of Sir John Tracy,
of Tedington, Gloucestershire, and
widow of Edmund Bray. She was
first cousin to Sir Thomas Dale's wife.
She died in February, 1613, and Lord
Conway married, secondly, Katharine,
daughter of Giles Hambler, of Ghent
in Flanders, and widow successively
of Richard Fust, Esq., and John West,
grocer. She was a member of the
Va. Co. of London, and her name ap-
pears in the lists of 1620 as " Mistris
Kath : West, now Lady Conway."
She was also interested in Newfound-
land. A letter writer of London in
March, 1615, says, " Sir Edward Con-
way is to marry a grocer's widow in
London ; she is lame and in years ; but
is worth about £6,000."
Con-way, Captain Thomas, es-
quire, 2. Sub. ; pd. .
Conway, Captain Thomas, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . The first named
was the brother of Sir Edward Con-
way. The second was Sir Edward's
son ; one of them paid £37 10s. They
were both knighted on the same day
at Theobald's, July 14, 1624. There
was a relationship between the Con-
ways and Sir Thomas Dale's wife (see
Throckmorton pedigree).
Cooper, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25.
Cooper, Matthew, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Cooper, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
862
COOPER — CORNELIUS
Cooper, Sir Richard, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Surrey ; knighted at
Whitehall July 23, 1G03,
Cooper, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £'25.
Cope, Sir Anthony, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £40. Of Hanwell, Oxfordshire
(grandson of Sir Anthony Cope, vice-
chamberlain to Catherine Parr, and
one of the most learned men of the
era in which he lived), the eldest
brother of Sir Walter Cope ; was
born about 1548. " lu 1571 Mr. An-
thony Cope, a zealous Puritan, was
chosen member of Parliament for
Banbury." He also represented Ban-
bury in the six Parliaments, 1572-83,
1586, 1588-89, 1592-93, 1697-98, and
1601 ; sheriff of the county of Oxford
in 1582, in 1591 (in which year he was
knighted by Queen Elizabeth), and in
1603 ; M. P. for Oxfordshire in 1604-
11 and 1614 ; created a baronet June
29, 1611 ; died in July, 1614, aged 66,
and was buried in Hanwell Church.
" He was committed to the Tower
(February 27 to March 23, 1588) for
presenting to the speaker a Puritan
revision of the Common Prayer Book,
and a bill abrogating existing eccle-
siastical law." (" Die. Nat. Bio.," Ste-
phen.)
Cope, Sir Walter, 2. Sub. £75 ;
pd. £215. " Grandson of Sir Anthony
Cope, knight (see Sir Anthony Cope),
and second son of Edward Cope,
esquire, of Hanwell, Oxfordshire. Sir
Walter was seated at Kensington
House, Middlesex. Was member of
the Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries ;
M. P. for Weymouth, 1601 ; knighted
at Worksop, April 21, 1603 ; M. P.
for Westminster, 1604-11 ; M. C. for
Va., November 20, 1606, and for Va.
Co., May 23, 1609 ; one of the cham-
berlains of the exchequer, 1609 ; mas-
ter of the wards, November, 1612.
He was one of the leaders of tlie time,
in the efforts to create a foreign com-
merce for Great Britain, and to estab-
lish English colonies in America, a
member of the East India, Muscovy,
Newfoundland, North West Passage,
Somers Island, and Virginia compa-
nies. He was buried at Kensington,
August 1, 1614.
He was the friend and one of the
executors of Robert Cecil, Earl of Salis-
bury, and seems to have been the only
one who took a prominent part in de-
fense of that great statesman against
those who had fawned on him while
living and abused him when dead.
" Among the faithless, faithful only he ;
Among innumerable false, unmov'd,
His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal."
, Sir Walter Cope married Dorothy
(born 1562), daughter of Richard
Grenville, esquire. He erected the
celebrated Holland House (then called
" Cope's Castle ") at Kensington in
1607, and left it to Henry Rich, Earl
of Holland, governor of the company
for Providence Islands (Bahamas),
etc., who had espoused his daughter,
Isabella Cope.
Coppin, Sir George, 2. Sub. £60 ;
pd. £135. « Of Dunwieh in Norfolk; "
M. P. for New Roninev in 1597-98 ;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603 ;
clerk of the crown in chancery. May 3,
1604 ; M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607 ;
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
On November 17, 1616, Mr. John
Castle wrote to Mr. James Miller, " A
thunderbolt hath fallen on the Lord
Coke, which hath overthrown him from
the very roots. . . . The supersedeas
was carried to him the last week by
Sir George Coppin, ... he received
it with dejection and tears."
Sir George Coppin was living July
30, 1618 ; but probably died soon
after. " He lies buried in the Church
of St. Martin's in the Fields, West-
minster, in the South He, under a very
handsomely wrought and rich monu-
ment."
Coppin, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. He was on a voyage to
Virginia, and I think he was the gun-
ner of the Mayflower in 1620.
Cordell, Thomas, mercer, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £50. Of the E. I. Co. He
was lirst cousin to William Cordell, of
Fulham, master cook to Queen Eliz-
abeth ; "apprenticed to Anthony Hick-
man ; admitted 1558 ; warden, 1582
and 1590; master, 1.596, 1605, and
1612, when he died. He was an alder-
man of London." (From Mercers'
Records.)
Cordoba (or Cordova), Don
Louis de, related to the Marquis of
Guadalcazar, Viceroy of Mexico in
1620.
Cornelius, John, goldsniitli, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £62 lOs. Of the E. I. Co.
CORNWALLIS — CORY ATE
8G3
August 13, IGOl, his wife was buried in
St. Mary, Colechurch. '• She lieth be-
fore the great Chest next the J uric."
(Parish Register.) He married Eliza-
beth Butler, full sister to Capt. Na-
thaniel Butler.
Cornwallis, Sir Charles. Sir
Thomas Cornwallis, comptroller of the
household of Queen Mary, upon the
accession of Elizabeth, being a Roman
Catholic, was left out of the Frivy
Council, and removed from the comp-
troUership. He married Anne, daugh-
ter of Sir John Jerniugham, and died
December 24, 1604, aged 85, leaving
two sons : " Sir William Cornwallis
the elder " (of whom hereafter) and
Sir Charles Cornwallis, of whom I
write, who was knighted at the Char-
terhouse, JNIay 11, 1603 ; English am-
bassador at the Court of Spain, 1605-
160y ; treasurer of the household of
Henry, Prince of Wales, 1610-12;
member N. W, P. Co., 1612 ; wrote
" A Discourse of the most Illustrious
Prince Henry, Late Prince of Wales "
iu 1626, which was published in 1641.
He died December 21, 1629. He was
the father of " Sir William Cornwallis
the younger " (whom see).
Cornwallis, Sir William the
Elder, son of Sir Thomas, and
brother to Sir Charles aforesaid. He
lived at Highgate, was a near neighbor
to Zuiiiga, the Spanish ambassador,
and was quite certainly the " William
Cornwallis the elder " of the letter.
He married, first, Lucy, daughter of
John Xevill, Lord Latimer (she was
aunt to Capt. George Percy), and
secondly, Jane, daughter of Hercules
Mewtas, esquire. Frederick Cornwal-
lis, his son by his second wife, was aii-
cestor to Lord Cornwallis of our Revo-
lution. Sir William the elder died
November 13, 1611.
Cornwallis, Sir ■William the
Younger, 3. Sub. £75 ; pd. .
Son of Sir Charles, aforesaid ; prob-
ably the " William Cornwallis " of the
letter. He married, August 26, 1595,
Catharine daughter of Sir Philip
Parker, of Erwarton, Suffolk, who was
probably " Madama Catalina " (Span-
ish). He was the author and essayist ;
dedicated his " Discoui'se upon Seneca,
the Tragedian," to Sir John Popham
in 1601. The date of his death
seems uncertain. Some accounts place
it as late as 1631 ; but Chamberlain
wrote to Carleton on July 7, 1614, of
his recent death. His second son,
Thomas, was the commissioner of
Maryland, 1638-59. I do not know
whether it was Sir William the elder
or the younger, who subscribed £75
to the Va. enterprise ; but I suppose
it was the younger, as it is his name
iu the third charter. One or the other
was M. P. for Lostwithiel, 1597-98 ;
knighted at Dublin, August 5, 1599 ;
M. P. for Orford, 1604-11. It was, of
course, " the younger " who was M. P.
for Orford iu 1614.
Coryate, Thomas. Son of the
Rev. George Coryate, rector of Od-
combe, Somersetshire, was born about
1577 ; entered at (Gloucester Hall in
the university of Oxford in 1596 ; left
the university without taking a degree ;
became one of the household of Henry,
Prince of Wales, and " sweetmeats and
Coriat made up the last course of all
court entertainments." From May 14
to October 3, 1608, he was traveling
in France, Savoy, Italy, etc. He
wrote an account of these travels,
which was published, under the pat-
ronage of Prince Henry, by W. S., in
1611, with engravings by W. Hole,
and mock commendatory verses by
more than sixty writers of the day.
In 1612 he again started on his
travels. In 1613, kneeling upon a
stone in the midst of the ruins of Troy,
he was knighted by the name of the
first English knight of Troy.
" Coryate no more, but now a knight of Troy,
OJconibe no more, but lienceforth England's Joy.
Brave Brute of our best English wits commended ;
True Trojane from iEiieas race descended.
Rise top of wit, the honour of our Nation,
And to old Ilium make a new Oration."
And this he proceeded to do, for he
was as fond of making orations as was
Capt. John Smith.
He continued his travels to the east-
ward, and in 1616, and after, he was
with Sir Thsmas Roe in East India.
He died at Surat in December, 1617,
"leaving enough written to fill the
world with new relations and to have
made any printer an alderman." Not
knowing that he was dead, George
Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, in
his letter to Sir Thomas Roe, of Feb-
ruary 19, 1619, « Wishes for Thos. Cor-
yat's return to England, because he
would report of the furthest eastern
864
CORY ATE — COTTINGTON
countries in a better fashion than any
Englishman hitherto hath been able.
Recommends him to get together all
the papers which Coryat hath written.
The king blames Coryat for writing-
in his memoirs that he saw men have
their eyes pulled out and their tongues
cut olf, which before an idol were
speedily restored again. The king
says this cannot be done by the power
of Satan, and he is sure it is not by the
finger of God." Purchas published
some of his writings, and speaks well
of him. His narrative is curious and
interesting ; but greatly exaggerated.
Pie traveled on foot over a large part
of Europe and Asia, and signed his
letters, " the Hierosolymit an-Syriau-
Mesopotamian- Armenian-Median-Par-
thian- Persian-Indian Legge-stretcher
of Odcomb in Somerset, Thomas Cor-
yate."
Thomas Coryate and Capt. John
Smith were both characters of the
time ; both were vain men, and both
wrote of countries then unknown to
most Englishmen. One wrote of the
Old World, the other chiefly of the
New ; but Coryate's vanity did no
harm. He was proud of his knowledge
of Latin, Greek, and the Eastern lan-
guages ; he had some right to be ; he
was proud of having traveled far on a
single pair of shoes, and he ardently
wished to walk over the world. He
did not come to America ; but would
probably have done so, if he could have
walked here ; and would have ex-
changed brave orations with the learned
Indians, as well as Smith. Smith's
vanity took a more serious turn, and
has done great harm. It has for over
200 years destroyed the truth and the
true idea of our earliest history. He
was not only vain, but envious ; he
took to himself the credit which rightly
belonged to others. He cast a stigma
on the real founders, and conveyed
a selfish, narrow-minded idea of the
founding of this country.
Coryate wrote of lands and places
from personal observation. Smith's
descriptions are generally compilations
from the writings of others, and fre-
quently relate to countries and places
whicn he never saw. It is his per-
sonal narrative, however, which is most
objectionable.
Coryate's writings were as well sus-
tained as Smith's. Not only Abbot and
Purchas thought well of them, but
many others. Aubrey goes so far as
to say that " he wrote faithfully, mat-
ter of fact." Anxong the sixty writers
of verses appended to his " Crudities "
were Ben Jonsou, Sir John Harring-
ton, John Davis of Hereford, Inigo
Jones, Chapman, Donne, Drayton,
Lionel Crantteld, Laurence Whitaker,
etc., and of the fourteen persons to
whom he sent his "dntyful respect"
from the " Court of the Great MogoU,"
November 8, 1615, the following ten
will be found in this Dictionary, name-
ly : Sir Robert Cotton, John Donne,
Richard Martin (the lawj'er), Christo-
pher Brooke, John Hoskins, George
Gerrard, William Hackwell, Ben Jon-
son, " Master Doctor Mocket," and
Samuel Purchas.
Cottington, Sir Francis. A
younger son of Philip Cottington, of
Godnianston, County Somerset ; born
in 1570 ; at an early age received into
the household of Sir Edward Stafford
as master of the horse. " Stafford
recommended him to Sir Robert Cecil,
throvigh whose influence he became
secretary to Sir Charles Cornwallis in
his embassy to Spain in 1005, and on
Cornwalliss return in 1G09 he was in-
trusted, until about Api"il, 1611, with
the sole management of the affairs of
England at that Court." Was ap-
pointed a clerk of the Privy Council in
1614. On the recall of Digby, in
1616, he was again dispatched to
Madrid to represent England at the
Court of Spain, which he continued to
do until 1621-22, when be obtained
the oiKce of secretary to Charles,
Prince of Wales. He was created a
baronet February 23, 1623 ; and in
that year went with Prince Charles on
his noted trip to Madrid, which re-
sulted in a declaration of war (March
10, 1624) with Spain, and a personal
feud between Cottington and Bucking-
ham, which lasted so long as Bucking-
ham lived.
Appointed chancellor and under
treasurer of the exchequer, April,
18, 1629. Sent to Spain to nego-
tiate a peace in 1629 ; he executed
this commission with the greatest
credit, and returning to England in the
spring of 1631, was on the 10th of
July created Baron Cottington of Hau-
COTTINGTON — COVELL
865
worth. King Charles authorized liim
to exercise the fuuotious of lord high
treasurer during his absence in Scut-
land, aiul he was made master of the
Court of Wards ou the king's return.
Appointed one of the commissioners
for the plantations in April, 1634. In
1637, as master of the Court of Wards,
lie had supervision over Benoni Buck,
the first idiot born in Virginia.
He was appointed constable of the
Tower of London in 1610 ; but in
164:1-42 he resigned his offices and re-
tired into private life. In 1644 King
Charles made him lord high treasurer,
rather an empty honor at that time.
His estates were confiscated by Parlia-
ment in 1646, and he had fled to Nor-
mandy in 1648. Joined Charles II.
at The Hague in 1649, where he was
sworn of his Privy Council, and sent
ambassador to Spain, arriving at Ma-
drid in November, 1649, and was dis-
missed, after the news of Cromwell's
decisive victories in 1650. In 1651,
" weary of the world," he joined the
Church of Rome, and retired to Yal-
ladolid, where he died in 1653, aged
77. (He had been a Catholic at heart
for many years.) His nephew and
heir, Charles Cottington, Esq., had his
remains brought over to England in
1679, and interred in Westminster
Abbey, where he erected a stately
monument to his memory.
Lord Cottington married Anne,
daughter of Sir William Meredith, of
London, and widow of Sir Robert
Brett, but left no surviving issue.
His grandnephews, Thomas and Philip
Ludwell, came to Virginia, and were
men of distinction there.
Cotton, Alleine, draper. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £62 10s. Of E. I. and N. W.
P. companies. Alderman of London ;
sheriff, 1016 ; lord mayor, 1625—26 ;
knighted at Whitehall, June 4, 1626.
Died September 24 (or December 25),
1628, aged 70 ; buried under a rich
and very beautiful monument in the
chancel of St. Martin Orgars, in
Candlewick ward, London.
Cotton, Sir Rowland, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of Alkington. Salop ;
eldest son of William Cotton, alderman
of London ; was knighted November
13, 1608 ; M. P. Newcastle-under-
Lyme, 1609-11 ; Salop, 1626 ; New-
castle-under-Lyme, 1628-29. Died in
1034. Fuller si)eaks " of the valor
and activity of this most accomplished
knight ; so strong, as if he had been
nothing but bones ; so nimble, as if he
had been nutiiing but sinews."
Cotton. Sir Robert. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Eldest son of Thomas Cotton
of Counington, Huntingdonshire, was
born January 22, 1571 ; educated at
Cambridge ; B. A., 1585 ; began to
collect" manuscripts, coins, etc., in
1588, a pursuit which he continued to
follow througliout his life ; joined the
Antiquarian Society in 1590 ; M. P. for
Newton (I. W.), 1601 ; knighted at
Whitehall, July 23, 1603 ; M. P. for
County Huntingdon, 1604-11 ; one of
the commissioners on the state of the
navy, 1008 ; created a baronet, June
29, 1611 ; induced by Somerset to
seek a jDrivate interview with Gondo-
mar, 1615 ; he became intimate with
that ambassador, and this intimacy re-
sulted in his imprisonment, 1615-16
(see Gondomar) ; but the friendship
continued. He was M. P. for Old
Sarum, 1624^25 ; for Thetford in
1625, and for Castle Rising in 1627-28.
He died at Westminster, May 6, 1631,
and was buried at Counington.
(See S. R. Gardiner's "History of
England," 1885, vol. ii. pp. 321-347,
for an account of Cotton's negotiations
with Gondomar.)
Coutts — Cutts, Sir John the
Younger, 3. Sub. £75; pd. £75. Of
Childerly, Cambridge, son of Sir John
Cutts, Sr. ; was knighted at Charter-
house, May 11, 1603 ; N. W. P. Co.,
1612. M. P. for County Cambridge,
1604-11, 1614, 1621-22, i624r-25, 1625,
1626, and 1640 ; created a baronet
June 21, 1600. Died in 1679, s. p.,
when he must have been aged.
Covell, Francis, skinner, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £112 10s. He was
buried in the parish church of Alhal-
lows. Barking ; the inscription on his
monument in the south wall gives a
brief outline of his life. "In the He
against this place lyeth the Body of
Francis Covell, citizen and Skinner of
London. He lived in this Parish 52
years, was married to his wife Margery
42 years, had issue by her, Thomas,
his only son [see next] . He had borne
office in his Company and this Ward,
with good reputation ; was in his life
religious, peaceable, and charitable.
866
COVELL — Cr.ANFIELD
and at liis Death gave Cloatliiii':'- to the
poor of this Parish yearly forever.
He lived 69 years and rendex'cd his
soul iu Peace to God September 7,
1625."
Covell, Thomas. Sub. ; pd.
. Son of the foregoing ; was a
cliurch-warden of Alhallows, Barking ;
a member of the N. W. P. Co. He
still owned lands in Virginia May 12,
1G39, and in a petition to the English
Privy Council represented "that he
had been an adventurer to Virginia for
thirty years past."
Coventrj'-, Thomas, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 lOs. ; pd. £12 10s. Born at
Croome d'Abitot, in Worcestershire
ia 1578 ; gentleman commoner at
Baliol College, 1592-94 ; entered a
member of the Inner Temple, a stu-
dent in the laws in November, 1594 ;
autumn reader of the Inner Temple,
IGIG ; recorder of London, November
16, 1616 ; solicitor-general, March 14,
and knighted at Theobald's, March
16, 1617 ; treasurer of the Inner Tem-
ple ; ordered to execute the office of
attorney-general, pending the com-
plaints against Yelverton, June 28,
1620; appointed attorney- general,
January 11, 1621. He was consulted
by the New England Company in re-
gard to the renewal of their patent in
May and July, 1622, and iu January,
1623. He had joined the Virginia Com-
pany of London about 1610 ; but hav-
ing failed to pay his subscription his
membership was forfeited ; he again
joined that company on July 3, 1622 ;
was continually consulted during the
factions of 1623-24, both by the king
and company. Said to have condemned
the charter as "an unlimited, vast
patent." Was on the Virginia Com-
mission of July 15, 1624 ; lord
keeper, November 1, 1625 ; created
Lord Coventry of Avlesborough, April
10, 1628. Ordered the Massachusetts
charter to issue, 1629 ; on the com-
mission for jjlantations, April 28, 1634.
Died at Durham House, Strand, Lon-
don, January 14, 1640. He married,
first, Sarah, daughter of Edward Se-
bright, Esq., and, secondly, April 10,
1610, Elizabeth, widow of William
Pitchford, apothecary, and sister to
Samuel Aldersey of the Massachusetts
Company.
Covert, Sir "Walter, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Knighted 1591; M. P.
Sussex, 1586-87 ; Petersfield, 1593 ;
Sussex, 1614 and 1626.
Coxe. See Cocks.
Coyse, William, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £100 ; of North Okeu-
den. County Essex ; son of Roger
Coyse, Esq., of London, by Joane,
daughter of Robert Warren, of London,
gent. He married Mary, daughter of
Giles Allen, of Haseleigh, Essex, es-
quire, and had issue.
Crakenthorpe, Rev. Richard.
Born in Westmoreland, 1567 ; fellow
of Queen's College, Oxford, 1598. In
1603 went over champlain to the
Lord Eure, sent ambassador to the
King of Denmark and Princes of Ger-
many, and here by use he got an easi-
ness in the Latin tongue. Became
champlain iu ordinary to King James ;
rector of Black Notley in Essex, etc.
Died in 1624.
Cranborne, Viscount. — Robert
and William Cecil.
Craniield, Lionell, esquire, mer-
cer, 3. Sub. ;pd.£3710s. Younger
son of Thomas Cranheld, mercer, of
London, by Martha, daughter of Vin-
cent Randolph ; was baptized at St.
Michael's Bassishaw, March 13, 1575 ;
bred to mercantile pursuits, was an
active and successful man of affairs ;
appointed receiver of customs of
Dorset and Somerset April 1, 1605.
Lodge says his verses prefixed to
Coryat's " Crudities " of 1611 "entitles
him to the reputation of a smooth ver-
sifier." Lieutenant of Dover Castle in
July, 1613 ; knighted at Oatlands
July 4, 1613, and made surveyor-gen-
eral of customs July 26 ; M. C. Va.
Co. ; master of the Court of Request,
November 20, 1616 ; master of the
wardrobe, September 14, 1618; master
of the wards, January 15, 1619 ; chief
commissioner of the navy, February
12, 1619 ; member Privy Council,
January 5, 1620; created Baron Cran-
field of Cranfield, Bedford, July 9,
\
CRANFIELD — CROFT
867
1621 ; lord treasurer, October 13,
1621 ; Earl of Middlesi'x, Sc-pteniber
16, 1622. Much abused by the Sau-
dvs-Ferrar faction of the Va. Co.,
1623-24. Drew tlie 13th lot in New
England, June 21), 1623. Incurred
the enmity of the Duke of iiucking-
liani and Prince Charles by murmur-
ing at the expense of their journey to
Spain, and the duke proceeded to luive
him impeached by Parliament. King
James protested, told Stenny that he
was a fool, and warned Prince Charles
that " he would live to have his belly
full of Parliament impeachnieuts; and
when I shall be dead, you will have
too much cause to remember how
much you have contributed to the
weakening of the crown by the two
precedents you are now so fond of ; "
but, says Lodge, "the duke's power,
supported by the prince's countenance,
was grown so great in the two houses,
that it was in vain for the king to in-
terpose." The Earl of Middlesex was
impeached, and fined £50,000, May
13, 1624; but on May 10, 1625, he
was released from the fine, and on
August 20, 1626, he was granted spe-
cial pardon. (See Sir Abram Dawes)
He retired to his fine seat of Copt
Hall in Essex, where, says Fuller,
" he enjoyed himself contentedly, en-
tertained his friends bountifully, his
neighbors hospitably, and the poor
charitably." He died August 6, 1645,
and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Crashaw, Rawley, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. He went to Virginia in
1608 ; was a burgess in 1624, when
he was living in Elizabeth Cittie and
owned 500 acres by patent, between
Fox Hill and Pamunkey River.
Crashaw, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Sometimes classed as a
Puritan divine and poet; was baptized
at Handsworth, October 26, 1572 ;
educated at Cambridge ; prebend in
the church of Ripon, 1604; preacher
at th« Inner Temple, London ; at
Church of St. Mary Matfellon, or
Whitechapel, London, November 13,
1618; died in 1626. A good scholar,
an eloquent preacher and writer, and
a strong Protestant. He was the fa-
ther of Richard Crashaw the poet and
Roman Catholic.
Craven, Sir William, merchant-
tailor, 3. Sub. £75 ; pd. £75. Of
E. I. Co. ; born at Appletreewick in
Burnsale, parish Craven, Yorkshire,
about 1548 ; went to Loudon seeking
his fortune, and found it there; alder-
man of Bishopsgate ward, April 2,
1600, to May 18, 1602 ; of Cord-
wainer ward, May 18, 1602, to Jan-
uary 15, 1611; of Lime Street ward,
from January 15, 1611, to his death,
July 18, 1()18 ; sheriff of London,
1601-02 ; knighted at Whitehall, July
26, 1603 ; Lord Mayor of London,
1610-11 ; president of Christ's Hos-
pital, 1610-18 ; died July 18, 1618 ;
buried at St. Andrew's Undershaft.
(See Strype's Stow for his will and
numerous charities.) Craven County,
North Carolina, is named for his son,
the very celebrated William, Earl of
Craven.
Creswell, Robert. Pd. £12 10s.
Crew, Anthony, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Crew, Sir Randolph (1558-1646).
M. P. for Saltash in Cornwall, when
speaker, 1614 ; sergeant at law, July,
1615; chief justice of the King's
Bench, January 26, 162 1.
Crispe, Ellis, Salter. Newfound-
land Co.; of E. I. and N. W. P. com-
panies ; sheriff of London in 1625.
The father of Sir Nicholas Crisp, the
African trader.
Croft, Sir Herbert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Croft Castle, Hereford ;
" grandson of Sir James Croft, who
suffered severely in the reign of
Queen Mary ; " educated at Christ
Church College in Oxford ; M. P. for
Carmarthenshire in 1588-89; for Here-
foidshire in 1592-93; for Launceston,
1597-98 ; for Herefordshire in 1601 ;
knighted by James I. at Theobald's,
Mav 7, 1603; M. P. for Herefordshire,
1604-11 ; M. C. for Va., March 9,
1607 ; M. P. for Herefordshire in
1614. In February, 1617, he became
a monk in the College of English
Benedictines at Douay. How long he
had been a Romanist I do not know.
868
CROFT — CROMWELL
The letter writers of the period say
that " he was ruined by the excesses of
his wife," and Wood says, " tliat at
length full weary of the fooleries and
vanities of this world, he retired to
Douay in Flanders, and was there re-
ceived into the College of Benedictines,
where he spent the remainder of his
days in strict devotion and religious
exercise. At length, after he had
macerated his body with fasting, hard-
ship, and devotion, he surrendered up
his pious soul to the Almighty on
April 10, 1622, aged 56." He was
tlie father of Dr. Herbert Croft,
Bishop of Hereford, a distinguished
minister of the Church of England.
Froude says his grandfather, Sir
James Croft, the controller of the
household of Elizabeth, was for a
time in the pay of Spain ; and it may
be that Sir Herbert Croft was an
agent for Philip III. in the Virginia
Council and Company.
Croftes, Lieutenant, of Captain
Bigg's company; probably continued
the account of the voyage (1585-86)
begun by Biggs.
CromTvell, Henry, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of Upwood, County Hunts,
third sou of Sir Henry Cromwell, of
Hinchinbroke, and brother of Sir Oli-
ver. He was M. P. for Huntingdon,
1604-11; died 1630.
Cromvirell, Henry, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. The eldest
son of Sir Oliver. He was the Colonel
Henry Cromwell who took a very ac-
tive part for the king, and had his
property sequestered; but the Protec-
tor (who in the worst of times was a
kind and considerate kinsman) had the
sequestration discharged July 9, 1649.
Colonel Henry Cromwell died Sep-
tember 18, 1657, and was interred in
the chancel of Ramsey Church. (See
Burke's " Vicissitudes of Families.")
Cromwell, Sir Oliver, 2. Sub.
£75; pd. £75. His grandfather, Sir
Richard Williams, eldest son of Mor-
gan Williams by his wife, a sister of
Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex, as-
sumed, at the desire of Henry VIIL,
the surname of his uncle Cromwell,
and tlirough the influence of tliat once
powerful relative himself and his
family obtained great wealth and sta-
tion. Sir Richard married, in 1518,
Frances, daughter of Sir Thomas Mur-
fiu (or Myrfin), then Lord Mayor of
London (her sister, Alice Murfiu,
married Sir Andrew Judde, and was
the grandmother of Sir Thomas
Smythe, the first tx'casurer of the Vir-
ginia Company), by whom he was the
father of Sir Henry Cromwell, called
"the Golden Knight," one of the
wealthiest gentlemen of Huntingdon-
shire, who married Joan, daughter of
Sir Rafe Warren (twice Lord Mayor
of London), and had issue, among
others. Sir Oliver Cromwell (of whom
I write), Henry Cromwell, Robert (the
father of the Lord Protector), Eliz-
abeth (the mother of John Hampden,
the patriot), Frances (the mother of
Edward Whalley, the regicide), and
Joan, wife of Sir Francis Barington.
Oliver Cromwell, of whom I write, was
born about 1502-63 ; M. P. for County
of Huntingdon in 1588-89, 1592-93,
1597-98, and 1601. April 29, 1599, he
stood godfather for his nephew, after-
wards tlie Protector. He entertained
King James, on his progress to Lon-
don, from the evening of April 27 to
the morning of April 29, 1603, most
famously, at Hinchinbrooke. " There
was such plenty and variety of meats,
such diversity of wines, and those not
riff-ruff, but ever the best of the kind,
and the cellars open at any man's
pleasure." " Master Cromwell pre-
sented his maiestie with many rich
and acceptable gifts, as a very great
and faire wrought standing Cup of
golde, goodly horses, deepe mouthed
houndes, divers Hawkes of excellent
wing," etc. He was made a Knight
of the Bath at the coronation of King
James, July 25, 1603; M. P. for
Huntingdonshire, 1604-11 ; M. C. for
for Va., 1607; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609.
He was master of the game to Henry,
Prince of Wales ; M. P. for Hunting-
donshire in 1614, 1623-24, and 1625.
" At the outbreak of the civil war.
Sir Oliver remained not an idle spec-
tator, but enrolling himself under the
royal banner (against his nephew),
raised men, and gave large sums of
money to support the king's cause ; "
" and when that cause failed he re-
tired to Ramsey Abl)ey, and died
there August 28, 1655, in his 93d year,
impoverished and broken-hearted, but
still unshaken in his allegiance." He
was buried in Ramsey Church. He
CROMWELL — DALE
869
married, first, Elizabeth, daugliter of
Sir Thomas Bromley, lord chancel-
lor, and, secondly, Anne, widow of the
celebrated Sir Horatio Palavicino, but
had issue by the first wife only.
W. Dugdale wrote to John Lang-
ley, from London, September 8, 1655 :
..." Admiral Pen is come back
from Jamaica with part of the Navy
. . . The Protector hath been very ill
the last week, but they say he is now
lecovered. His uncle. Sir Oliver Crom-
well, is very lately dead by an unhappy
accident ; for I hear that he was out
in the rain, and after his return, sitting
by a good fire without any company iu
the room, by some weakness or swoon
fell into the fire, aud was so scorched
that he died about two days after."
Crosley, or Crosby, William,
grocer and apothecary, 2, Sub. ;
pd. £75.
Crosse, Capt. Robert. Knighted
at Cadiz, 1596; M. P. Minehead, 1586-
87; Yarmouth, 1592-93, aud Saltash,
16U1; died in 1611.
Crowe, John, gent., 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £37 10s. He patented land
in Virginia.
Crowe, William. Pd. £12 10s.
Cullimore — Culliner — Colmer,
etc., Abraham. Pd. £12 10s.
Cullimore (or Collymore), James.
Pd. £25. Of St. Thomas Apostle,
London, merchant ; of the E. I. Co.
His son, John Collymore, mercer, mar-
ried, in 1604, jNIabel Lovelace, of St.
Bride, London, daughter of Sir Wil-
liam Lovelace, of the city of Canter-
bury. Mabell Lady Cullamore held,
four shares in Captain Argall's plan-
tation in Virginia, February 12, 161^.
Culpeper — Colepepper, Sir Ed-
ward, 3. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Of
Wakehurst ; knighted at Whitehall,
July 23, 1603. His second son, Wil-
liam, was created a baronet by Charles
I., September 20, 1628.
Culpeper, John, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. He was after-
wards knighted. His grandson,
Thomas Lord Colepeper, was governor-
general of Virginia.
Culpepper, Thomas, of "Wigsel,
esquire, 2. Sub. ; pd. . I
suppose this to be the Thomas Cole-
peper who married a daughter of Sir
Stephen Slanoy. His daughter, Eliz-
abeth Colepeper, was boru at Wigsale,
Surrey, in January, 1601, and mar-
ried, iu 1620, Sir Robert Brooke.
Lady Elizabeth Brooke was a religious
writer of note.
Cumberland, Countess of. — Mar-
garet Russell.
Cumberland, Earl of. — George
Clifford.
Cunega. See Zuniga.
Cutler, Thomas, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Tiiomas Cutler, sou
of Thomas Cutler, deceased, admitted
and sworu a free Brother by Patri-
mony, 18 Feb'y, 1601 ; admitted to
Livery, 1609." (From Grocers' Rec-
ords.) He was the father of Sir
John Cutler, the celebrated miser, im-
mortalized by Pope, who left his gains
to good purposes ; was a benefactor
of the Grocers, of the College of
Physicians, Gresham College, etc.
Cutts. See Coutts.
Dabney (Daubeny, etc.), Henry,
2. Sub. ; pd. £20. He was prob-
ably the brother of Clement Daubigny
(the inventor of au engine, to be driven
by water, for cutting irou into small
bars, licensed December 11, 1618), as
the payment to the Va. Co. stands in
the names of " Clement and Henry
Daubny."
Dabney, Clement. See Henry
Dabney.
Dabney (Daw^beney,etc.), Oliver.
" Of London, gentleman ; married
Elizabeth Drayner, and left issue."
He gave Mr. Richard Hakluyt of the
Middle Temple an account of the voy-
age of 1536, who related it to his
cousiu, the Rev. Richard Hakluyt, of
Oxford.
Dale, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub. £75 ;
pd. £25. Entered the service of
the United States of the Low Coun-
tries with Essex about the year 1588.
In 1595 he was sent by the Provinces
into Scotland, where, it seems, he be-
came one of the retinue of the infant
Prince Henry, and remained with him
some years, returning to the Nether-
lands probably in 1603.
" August 1, 1603, Resolution of tlie
States General on the recommenda-
tion of the King of France, to com-
mission Captain Dale provisionally as
captain of the infantry company of
Captain Condegrave."
"March 29, 1604, Cecil wrote to
870
DALE
the English ambassador at The Hague,
to inform him of the King's gracious
opinion of the merit of Captain Dale,
both for having been a valiant and
long servitor of Prince Henry's, and
for having, for the most part, resided
at his own charge." Cecil continues,
" His Majesty commanded me to ac-
quaint you so much, to the intent, that
in the alterations and removes of
places among the companies, where
he is one, he may be respected, both
for his own merit and his Master's
(Prince Henry's) recommendation,
who is persuaded of his honesty and
snfticiency."
June 19, 1606, while on a visit to
England, he was knighted at Rich-
mond by King James as " Sir Thomas
Dale of Surrey." In November, 1606,
he was stationed in Oudewater, a small
city in South Holland, and probably
remained in the Low Countries until
about the 1st of February, 1611, when
he came to England, and entered the
service of the Va. Co. of London ; was
M. C. for Va. Co., and his acts from
that time to June, 1616, belong to the
history of that enterprise. On his re-
turn, the celebrated John Rolfe wrote
both to King James and to Sir Robert
Rich, that " Sir Thomas Dale's worth
and name in managing the affairs of
this Colony, will out last the standing
of tliis Plantation." The Rev. Sam-
uel Purchas writes of Dale as " that
worthy commander, and best estab-
lisher of the Virginian Plantation,"
and he is highly spoken of in the
Broadsides of the Council and Com-
pany of Virginia.
Ralph Hamor wrote in the highest
terms of praise of him in 1614 ; but
Hamor's name is signed to " A Briefe
Declaration," etc., of 1624, which is
not complimentary.
Marcli 31, 1617, Sir Raphe Winwood
wrote from St. Bartholomew's, Lon-
don, to Sir Dudley Carleton, ambas-
sador in the Netherlands:
" My Lord. Sir Thomas Daale hav-
inge for many ycares together resided
in Virginia, as you know, about the
servicte of this kingdome, is now re-
turninge into tliose Provinces to his
charge, from whence, although hee hath
been longer absent then hee had li-
cence of the states for his Warrant,
yet beeinge a principall num in an em-
ployment of such consequence as that
was, I assure myselfe you will labour
soe effectually for him tliere, that he
shall bee noe waye prejudiced thereby.
If in any other occasions of his, hee
shall stand in neede of your Lordship's
favour, I pray you afford it him with
much readiness, and give him at all
times such countenance, and good re-
spect, as you shall thinck fitt for a man
of his qualetie and meritt ; whereby you
shall not onelye engage a weldeserv-
inge gentleman to your service, but
purchase the thancks of many others
in this state, whoe hold themselves
much interested in his future weldoe-
inge and advancement. Yo' Ljj" to
doe you service. Raphe Winw^ood.
" [P. S.] His licence to goe to Vir-
ginia was procured by myselfe at my
being there, upon a letter from the late
Prince Henry."
The sickness of his wife prevented
Dale from going over to the Nether-
lands at this time, and this letter was
not sent until October. On the 30th
of September, 1617, Dale was among
those appl_ying for the command of
the fleet of the English East India
Company, and on November 1Z8, 1617,
he was chosen at a salary of £480 per
annum. While the aforesaid applica-
tion was pending, the following three
letters were written.
Sir Thomas Dale to Sir Dudley
Carleton, October 18, 1617 : « Right
honorable. My absenc out of those
provinces hath left nie destytut of ac-
qnantce and frends, which makes me
loth to truble your lordship with these
lyens. So yt is that since 6 yeares has
yt pleased the lord treassurer then to
Imbark me for the plantation in Ver-
gynia and used both his power and
prine Henrys for my leave of the
lords the states for 5 years. The which
my lords the states granted, but they
would deteyne my enterteynment to
the tyme of my retorne, promising b}^
their apostyll, If I retorned I should
have it. M' Secrytarie that now is
effected that leave, by order from the
prince and the lord Treasurer that then
was. At my departure, I marryed a
wyfe, expecting my journey shoud
not have bin so long as yt happened
to be, and sine my coming home I bor-
rowed 6 months after my travels for
her sake, who then was sickly and so
SIR PHILIP SIDNEY
DALE
871
hath contynued, and since 3 months
her sicknes hath much encreased and
now I am afraid to loose her. This is
the reason of my so \ong stay here af-
ter my aryvall, which may passe for
currant with good and honest ims-
bands though not with mj lords the
states in matter of servyse. Now
half a year sins I had a dispach from
M' Secrytarie to your honor and ex-
pecting every day a fit wynd to have
brought me over to have dylyvercd the
letters myself I was stayed by the
hand of God which hath ever syns
lade heavye one my wyfe and yet is
the occasion I come not now, by rea-
son wherof I mak bould to send tliese
letters unto your honer by my brother
this bearer, and with all thes rude
lynes to entreat your honors favour
and assystance unto my lords the states
for excuse of my long absence, for I
am gyven to understand that my lef-
tenaut (who is not the honestest there)
doth make means for my company un-
derhand, aleaging that I will com no
more. Yt is true that at my departure
my company was much In debt and I
am given to understand my lefteiiant
hath not lessened them but rather
augmented them, and doth gyve out
that the Stattes wyll not pay my En-
terteynment for the tyme of my ab-
sens, and that the solysiturs have got-
ten leave of the lords the Stattes to
arrest me at my aryvall, which is
straing to me. Now I would entreat
your lordship in the Interim of my
coming (which I hop shall be in 20
days) your honor would be pleased to
make the lords the stattes acquaynted
with my casse and the state of my
bussynes. The Kings Majestye hath
promysed me to wryet to your lord-
ship conserning my bussynes to pro-
cuer my pay and Mr. Secrytarie wished
me to send his first letter over to your
lordship, and withall I would entreat
your lordship to advyse me of any
means I may procuer from this state.
M' Secrytarie tells me yt shall be
effected before my going over. If
your lordship please to take my bussi-
nes into your favorall protextion you
shall not only bynd a poore Gentyll-
man unto you, but many honorable
frends of myen wyll gyve your lord-
ship thankes and so I commend my
servyce unto your honer and rest.
Your honers to be commaunded.
Thomas Dale.
" [P. S.] If I myght be so bould
with your lordship, 1 would entreat 2
or 3 words from your lordship for my
better adresse in my bussynes."
Sir Thomas Dale to Sir Dudlev
Carleton, November G, 1617 : " Right
honerable. Syns my last unto your
Lordship yt hath pleased God to call
Mr. Secrytarye to his mercie, bj' whos
death, my loss is much in pertycnler,
but the generall loss to all honest men
is much more, by many he is much
lamented, and wyll be myst both in
our state and ther wher j'our lordship
lyveth, I have syns his death spoken
with his Majestye conserning my bussy-
nes in those partes, who hath gyven
order to Mr. Secrytarie Lakes to com-
end my bus.synes unto your Lordship,
but as yet I have not my dispach.
Now yf yt shall pleas you to geve me
any advyse for any means els from
hens, I know my frends are such as I
shall procure yt to second your lord-
ship in my behalf. I must confesse
my acquayntance is but smale with
your lordship and my desserts lesse,
yet yf yt shall please your lordship to
favour me and my cause which is just
and honest, you shall not only bynd a
pour gentelman unto you, but noble
frends of myne here wyll gyve your
Lordship thankes and so I comend my
servyse unto your lordship and rest.
Your honers to be commanded.
Thomas Dale."
(The various documents given in
this sketch of Dale have never been
printed in full in the L^nited States.)
November 11, 1617, King James
to Sir Dudley Carleton. James R:
" Trusty and welbeloved wee greete
you well : Sir Thomas Dale some-
time servant to the Prince Henry our
Sonne deceased, having a company in
the Low Conntreyes, was by him com-
manded to attend the plantacion of
Virginia, and that he might bee at
Liberty so to doe, at the request of
our said Sonne, the States (Jenerall
gave him leave to bee absent, and that
notwithstanding his absence, lie should
enjoy fully his pay, and thereof as he
informeth us tliere is an apostell extant.
Having now left that service he re-
turneth to his charge, and because hee
is a Gentleman of good meritt, both
872
DALE
in that service of Virginia whiles hee
attended it, and before in the service
of the United Provinces, Wee have
thought it reasonable to call upon the
States for the performance of that
promise which in his favor they made
to our said sonne. And do therefor
do require you to deale therein effect-
ually, both with the Prince Maurice,
and with the States Generall, and to
procure for his satisfaction the arrear-
ages of the time past, and continuance
in the said pay and favor with tliem,
as he was before his going to Virginia.
Wherein wee hope the better of snc-
cesse, because tliere is so good reason
for tlie ground of our request, as is a
promise made to a person of such qual-
ity as was the said Prince.
" Given at Our Court at Theobalds
the lltji of November in the fifteenth
yeare of our ralgne of Great Brit-
taine."
Addressed : " To our trusty and
welbeloved Sir Dudley Carleton, Knt.,
Our Ambassador with the States Gen-
erall of the United Provinces."
Dale was securing strong indorse-
ments; he was not only afraid of being
arrested for debt, but the States Gen-
eral had sold his company to Captain
WlUoughby. He wanted his company
or his pay, and probably there were
other "bones of contention," and Dale
evidently wished to be sixre of his
ground before crossing the narrow seas.
On December 4, 1G17, Sir Henry Sav-
ile wrote by liitn to Carleton, "rec-
ommending to Carleton Sir Thomas
Dale, a friend of the Earl of South-
ampton, who has done good service in
the plantation of Virginia." Dale, who
went over to the Low Countries him-
self soon after the date of this let-
ter, also carried letters from the Earl
of Southampton (and probably from
others) which are now lost, and a long
letter from ]\L Noel de Caron (the
Dutch ambassador in England) to the
States General, which has been pub-
lished in the first volume of " Docu-
ments relating to the Colonial History
of New York." Dale's petition, let-
ters, etc., were presented to the States
General by Sir Dudley Carleton Janu-
ary W, 1G18. These, together with the
resolutions thereon (January 16 to
Jaimary 30) are also published In the
aforesaid volume. On January 30 the
States General finally resolved to al-
low Dale his full wages during his
absence on condition that he would
not claim his company of Captain
Willoughby. Sir Dudley Carleton, in
his address, presenting Dale's petition
to the States General, says, " Captain
Thomas Dale . . . for the space of
some years having command and au-
thority for planting a colony of the
English Nation in the Country of Vir-
ginia, whereof he hath acquitted him-
self with reputation and honor to him-
self, to his Majesty's satisfaction, and
to the publick advantage, inasmuch
as by signal patience, diligence, and
valor, he overcame divers serious diffi-
culties and dangers r nd finally estab-
lished a good and permanent settle-
ment all along a river navigable for
seventy leagues into the interior, and
by that means hath preserved it to
God, by the exercise of Religion which
is introduced there, and to man, by the
augmentation of commerce.
" Several of the nation, as well
Lords as other gentlemen of quality
and honor have considerably contrib-
uted to this design. But two of our
Captains (Sir Thomas Gates and this
one of whom I now speak) have pro-
moted it more than any other."
Soon after receiving his full enter-
tainment, £1,000, for tlie whole time
of his seven years absence. Sir Tliomas
Dale returned to England. While he
was absent, on January 16, 1618, King
James, to give a more ample authority
to the intended voj'age to the P2ast
Indies, granted a special commission
to " Sir Thomas Dale and Capt. Wil-
liam Parker, authorizing the govern-
ment of that fleet, as well by common
as by martial law : also to seize on the
shij)S and merchandize of any others
of his subjects who should be found
navigating within the company's lim-
its without their licence," etc.
On the 20th of February 161 1, he
made his will, leaving all of his estate
to his wife Elizabeth, six days after
his fleet of six ships was in the Downs
on the way to the East Indies. While
he is on the voyage, I will mention
some reflections which were being cast
upon him at home. February 4, 1618,
Sir Dudley Carleton wrote to Secre-
tary (Sir Thomas Lake '?) of his suc-
cess in obtaining Dale's back pay " in
DALE
873
contemplation of his Majesties recom-
mendation and of Sir Thomas Dales
goode service in Virginia (wherein
there is a eomon interest)." Febru-
ary 12, Carleton wrote to the Earl of
Sontlianipton that " Sir Thomas Dale
by whom I receaved your letter, hathe
fownde better successe and quicker
expedition in his businesse then is or-
dinarie witii his masters (The States)
in affaires of that nature ; . . . and
though goode and due regard wasiiad
herein of liis particular merit yet I can
assure your Lordship he was not a lit-
tle assisted by those recommendations
wherewith he came accompanied."
March 3, Carleton wrote again from
The Hague to Secretary (Lake ?),
" Hears that Sir Thomas Dale left the
States service the very day of the re-
ceipt of his money sans dire adieu, it
being given out that he is employed
into the East Indies by the King's
command. Shall gladly receive some
civil excuse, the King's name being
interested both in Sir Thomas Dale's
good treatment by the States, and in
his ill manner of leaving their ser-
vice." March 26, Secretary Lake re-
plied to Carleton : " Your Lordship
wrote to me of late of a fault of Sir
Thomas Dale, which his Majesty and
all men have condemned in him."
This was evident diplomacy ; the Dutch
did not wish to establish a precedent
for making such back payments, and
King James knew that Dale was going
to the P^ast Indies.
To return to Dale's fleet. On June
20, 1G18, they entered " The Road of
Soldania ; " November 19, arrived at
Bantam ; December 23, in conjunction
with Capt. Martin Pring, made an
attack on the Dutch fleet, near the isl-
and of Java ; "a cruel bloody fight,"
each side, it seems, claiming the vic-
tory. March 15, 1G19, Dale wrote
from Jacatra to the E. I. Co., " should
be glad to hear how Virginia pros-
pers and his [Dale's] business goes
forward there." July 23, 1619, the
E. I. Co. wrote from London to Sir
Thomas Dale in the East Indies, " with
advertisement of tlie peace with the
Dutch, and directions to liim to take
the command of tlie first fleet that shall
be jointly set forth by the English and
Dutch of sixteen or twenty griod ships
of war to prosecute trade on the coast
of Malabar, and endeavour to open and
enlarge trade wth the Chinese by the
advice of a Council of Defence, himself
to be one if not employed at sea," etc.
Sir Thomas Dale, with his fleet, ar-
rived at Masnlipatam Julv 19, and he
died there August 9, 1619, "after
twenty days of languishing sickness
and many testimonies of good Cluis-
tianity, contempt of death, and singular
zeal and affection towards the Com-
pany's service, and his body was en-
closed and housed in form of a tomb."
" Whose valor having shined in the
Westerne, was set in the Easterne
India."
In November, 1619 (before liis
death was known in England), Sir Ed-
win Sandys, at the General Quarter
Court of the Va. Co., " recalled to
remembrance, how by the admirable
care and Diligence of two worthy
knights, Sir Tiiomas Gates and Sir
Thomas Dale, the publick Estate and
Revenue of the Company had been set
forward, in a way to great perfection:
. . . that Sir Thomas Dale building
upon the Foundation [of Sir Thomas
Gates] with great care and constant
severity, had reclaimed almost mirac-
ulously, those idle and dissolute Per-
sons, and reduced them to Labour and
an honest fashion of life : That pro-
ceeding with great Zeal for the good
of the Company, he had laid off pub-
lick lands, to yield them a Standing
Revenue, placed servants thereon, as
also upon other publick works, for the
Company's use; established an annual
Rent of Corn from the farmers, and of
Tribute from the Barbarians, together
with a great stock of Cattle, Goats,
and other animals."
Sir Thomas Dale married, in Febru-
ary, 1611, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Thomas Throckmorton and his wife
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Rleliard
Berkeley. Lady Dale was related
to the wife of Sir Walter Ralegh,
and also to the Berkeleys ; dying in
1640 without issue, she gave to Mrs.
Dorothea Throgmorton her lands in
Charles Hundred, Virginia, and to the
son of Richard Hanbv (Hanbury ?)
her lands in Shirley Hundred. One
half of her estate in England and Vir-
ginia, after the payment of her debts
and legacies, she gave to the children
of her brother, Sir William Throg-
874
DALE — DAVIS
morton, knight and baronet, deceased.
She gave her nephew (John) the Lord
Viscount Sciidauiore, a ring, valued at
sixty pounds sterling." (See Throck-
morton pedigree, and William Dale.)
Dale, William, grocer. Son of
Robert Dale, of Wingle in Prestbury
in County Chester, and brother to
Roger Dale, of the Inner Temple.
He was a warden of the Grocers' Com-
pany in 1614, and member of the E. I.
Co. He married, in May, 1583, Miss
Elizabeth Elliott, of St. Mary Mag-
dalen, London, daughter of Thomas
Elliott of Surrey, esquire. In 1613
William Dale had a seat at Brigstock
in County Northampton. I have reason
to believe that he was related to Sir
Thomas Dale.
Danvers — Davers, Sir John, 3.
Sub, £37 10s. ; pd. £25. He w\is the
third son of Sir John Danvers by
his wife Elizabeth, daughter of John
Neville, Lord Latimer (she was sis-
ter to the wives of Henry, Earl of
Northumberland, Thomas, Earl of Ex-
eter, and of Sir William Cornwallis).
Born about 1588 ; married, in 1608,
Magdalen, daughter of Sir Richard
Newport (widow of Richard Herbert,
Esq., and mother by him of ten chil-
dren, including the noted Edward,
Baron Herbert of Cherbury, and
George Herbert, the poet), when
she is said to have been over forty,
and young Danvers under twenty. He
was knighted at Whitehall, March 5,
1609; M. P. for Arundel, 1610-11;
for Oxford University, 1621-22, 1625,
1626, 1628-29, and 1640; for Newport
in 1624-25 ; and for Salisbury, 1645-
53 ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1612-20. He
was one of the Sandvs faction in the
Va. Co., 1622-24. His first wife died
in June, 1627. He married, secondly,
in July, 1628, and, thirdly, in January,
1649, in his old age. On the special
commission for the better plantation
of Virginia, June 27, 1631. One of the
judges who passed sentence on Charles
I. in January, 1649, for which act he
has been especially eondeunied because
he had served in the household of the
king, and had received many favors
from him. " The Discovery of New
Brittaine ... in Virginia " by Edward,
son of John Bland, was dedicated to
him in 1650. He was governor of the
Bermudas Islands Company in 1651, in
which year " A short collection of the
Most Remarkable Passages from the
Originall to the dissolution of the Vir-
ginia Company " written in his iuter-
est,*was published. The account in this
tract giving to him the credit of having
had the copies of the Virginia Records
made is certainly inaccurate. The evi-
dence that Nicholas Ferrer the young-
er had this work done is conclusive.
He died in 1655. It is said that he
was the first to introduce into England
the Italian method of horticulture.
Darell — Darrell, Sir Marma-
duke, 3. Sub. £75 ; pd. £50.
Knighted in 1603 ; surveyor-general
of victuals for the navy, etc. ; built a
new church at Fulmere in Bucking-
hamshire, which was consecrated by
Doctor Barlow, Lord Bishop of Lin-
coln, November 1, 1610.
Darnelly, Daniel, grocer and apoth-
ecary, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £45.
Buried in St. Mary Woolchurch Haw,
London, May 24, 1623.
Dausey, Ralegh. Sub. ; pd.
£25.
Davies — Davis, Captain James,
died at the plantation over against
James City, Va., in 1624.
Davies. See Dawes.
Davis, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Possibly the poet of Hereford ;
writing-master and Roman Catholic.
Davis — Davys, Captain John.
The " lovable John Davis " was born at
Sandridge, near Dartmouth, not far
from the Gilberts and the Raleghs,
about 1550 ; he followed the sea from
boyhood ; appears to have made voyages
with Adrian Gilbert prior to 1579 ;
with Gilbert he is in consultation with
Dr. Dee iii 1579-80 and 1583 ; in-
terested in the Northwest charter of
February 6, 1584. Davys made his
first voyage June 7 to September 30,
1585 ; his second Mav 7 to October
6, 1586 ; and his third May 19 to Sep-
tember 15, 1587. He published " A
Traverse Booke " prior to March 25,
1588, and probably served against the
Armada in that year ; was command-
DAVIS — DEE
875
in^ a ship about the Azores, waiting
for Spanish prizes in 1589 ; in the
next year, 1590, he captured a Spanish
prize, about which there was some
i;ontention ; was on tlie unfortunate
voyage of Cavendish from August 2G,
1591, to the summer of 1593 ; pub-
lished his " Seaman's Secrets " in
1594, and " The Wurhles Hydrograplii-
cal Description," in 1595 ; was prob-
ably at Cadiz in 159G and the Azores
in 1597, in which Last voyage Sir
Arthur Gorges refers to him as " one
John Davis, a great navigator reputed"
(see Purchas, iv. p. 19G7) ; became a
retainer of the Earl of Essex, and at
liis suggestion entered the service of
the Dutch, and " went as chief pilot
to the Zelanders in their voyage to
the East Indies," from March 15, 1598,
to July 29, IGOO ; chief pilot of the
first voyage sent out by the English
E. I. Co. from February 13, IGO'l, to
September 11, 1603. He sailed with
Sir Edward Michelborne for the East
Indies December 5, 1G04, and was
killed by the Japanese in the Straits
of Malacca December 27, 1G05.
Davis, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
])d. £25. Stith gives the name " Sir
Thomas," but the Kimbolton MS. has
it " Sir John." I can find no '•' Sir
Thomas " at that time. I think it
was Sir John Davies (1569-1G2G), the
poet and attorney-general for Ireland,
— the same who had the difficulty with
Richard Martin, the lawyer.
Dawes, Abram, skinner, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £G2 10s. Of the E. I.
and N. W. P. companies ; one of the
farmers of the customs to Charles I. ;
knighted at Whitehall May 8, 1G33
(then described as " of Putney "), in
which year he was a benefactor of
Sion College Library and a commis-
sioner for Va. ; cojnmissioner for Va.
tobacco in 1634 ; for the Caribbee Isl-
ands in 1635, and still on the Va. Com-
mission in 1638. In August, 1637, at
a dinner given at his house, Mr. Bur-
lamachi. Sir John Wolstenholme, and
others being present, it was unani-
mously agreed that no man ever suf-
fered for so little as Lionel Cranfield,
Earl of Middlesex. Dawes died about
1G40 ; his will is dated in 1639. He
founded an almshouse in Putney, dedi-
cated to the Holy Trinity, and was a
benefactor of the Skinners' Company.
Dawes, Lancelot, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. (1580-1654) he published
several sermons. [This name is given
as Davis and Davies ; but I believe him
to be tlie Rev. Lancelot Dawes, D. D.]
Dawkes, Henry, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Deane, Richard, skinner, 2. Sub.
; pd. £50. Of the E. I. and N.
W. P. companies ; son of George
Dean, of Muchdunmowe in Essex.
He was for many years an alderman
of London ; sheriff in 1619 ; lord
mayor in 1628-29 ; knighted at Green-
wich, May 31, 1629 ; a benefactor of
the Church of St. James, Duke's Place;
died in 1635. He was a Puritan, and
the uncle or great uncle of Major-
General Richard Deane, the I'egicide.
Decroe — IDocvria., Benjamin, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. He was a
member of and an agent for the Mus-
covy Company, also of E. I. and N.
W. P. companies. (It was a member
of his family, I suppose, who first ad-
justed the penny post for London and
the suburbs.)
Dee, Dr. John. Born July 13,
1627 ; at Cambridge 1542-46. " In
May, 1547, he went into the Low
Countries to confer with learned men.
On his return home he brougiit with
him the first astronomer's staff of
brass, devised by Gemma Frisius, the
two great globes constructed by Ge-
rard Mercator," etc. ; M. A., Cam-
bridge, 1547 ; on the continent, 1548-
50, intimate with Gerard Mercator ;
in England, 1551-62 ; imprisoned by
Queen Mary, 1554--55 ; taken into the
service of Queen Elizabeth, 1558 ; on
the continent, 1562-63 ; in England
(save brief absences in 1571 and 1578)
from 1564 to 1583. His " Perfect Art
of Navigation " was published in 1576 ;
had a noted consultation with Sir H.
Gilbert, November 6, 1.577 ; was inter-
ested in Frobisher's voyages, 1576-
78; was constantly consulted about
discoveries of imknowu things in the
heavens above and the earth beneath ;
was interested in Adrian Gilbert's and
John Davis's N. W. charter Februai-y 6,
1584 ; but had left England privately
before that date, and was absent on
his celebrated European trip from
September, 1583, to December, 1589,
from which last date he probably re-
mained in England to his death at
876
DELAUN — DEQUESTER
Mortlake in December, 1608. One
of the most remarkable characters of
a very remarkable age.
Delaun, Gideon, apothecary. Pd.
£37 lUs. Of London, and of Shar-
sted, Kent, eldest son of William De-
laune, a French Protestant pastor and
doctor in phisick ; was born at Rheims
about 1565 ; accompanied his father
to England, and was appointed apothe-
cary to Anne of Denmark, queen of
James I.; of the N. W. P. Co. in 1612.
"March 7, 1613, grant by Wm. Se-
gar, garter king-at-arms, to Gideon
Lauuey, the king's servant, and his
brothers, sons of Dr. Wm. Launey,
who died in London in 1610, of the
arms of the family of Launey, of Bel-
mesnil, in Xormandy, from which they
are descended." In 1617 the Apothe-
caries were first incorporated as a sep-
arate and distinct company from the
Grocers, it is said, at the special suit
of Gideon Delaune, who was a member
of the first court of assistants of the
company ; junior warden in 1624 ;
senior warden in 1627 ; and master of
the company in 1637. He may not
have been the first pill-maker, but he
was the originator of a long famous
pill. February 19, 1623, he transferred
two shares of his lands in Virginia to
his son Abraham. He was also a
member of the E. I. and S. I. com-
ipanies ; died in 1659, aged 94. He
•married Judith, daugliter of Henry
Chamberleine, of London, gent., and
his son Abraham married Anne,
daughter of Sir Pdehard Sandys, of
Northbourne Court, Kent.
De la "Warr, Lord. — Thomas
West.
Delbridge, John, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Merchant of Barnstaple ;
member of the E. I. Co., N. W. P.
Co., etc. ; was M. P. for Barnstaple,
1614, 1621-22, 1624-25, 1625, 1626,
and 1628-29. We find his ships making
trading and fishing voyages to Vir-
ginia, the Bermudas, and New England.
He was called " The Free Trader."
In 1619 he patented lands in Virginia,
and petitioned the Virginia Company
" that for the defraying somewhat of
his charges in settling his plantation,
that he might be admitted to fish at
Cape Cod," which retjuest was opposed
by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, " aleaginge
that he always favored Mr. Delbridge,
but in this he thought himself some-
thing touched that he should sue to
this company, and not rather to him,
as proplie belonging to the Nortli
Colony," etc. He received a patent
for lands in New England November
26, 1632.
'//i^£j^m
Denmark. See Christian IV.
Dennis, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £105. Of Bicton and Holcombe,
Devon, grandson of Sir Thomas Den-
nys (M. P. for Devon, 1529, with whom
he is often confused) ; was born about
1559 ; knighted by Robert, Earl of
Leicester, in Holland in 1586 ; M. P.
for Devon, 1593 ; died in 1613. He
married Anne, daughter of William
Powlet, Marquis of Winchester, and
left two daughters, co-heirs, Anne, who
married Sir Henry Rolle, to whom he
gave Biston, and Margaret, who mar-
ried Sir Arthur Manwaring, to whom
he gaA^e Holcombe.
Denny, Ed-ward Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. £13 6s. 8d. Born August
14, 1569 ; M. P. Liskeard, 1586-87 ;
knighted in 1587 ; M. P. for Tregony,
1597-98 ; sheriff of Hertfordshire, 1603;
M. P. Essex, March 19 to October 27,
1604 ; created Baron Denny of Wal-
tham, October 27, 1604 ; Earl of Nor-
wich, October 17, 1626 ; died in 1630
without male issue. He married Mary,
daughter of tlie first Earl of Exeter.
Denton, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £37 10s. Only son of Alex-
ander Denton, Esq. ; was of Hillers-
down or Hillesdon, Countj' Bucks; born
about 1556 ; sheriff of Bucks, 1599 ;
knighted, 1603 ; M. P. for Bucking-
ham town, 1604-11, 1614, 1621-22,
1624-25, and 1628-29 ; for County
Bucks, 1625 ; died in September, 1633.
Dequester — de Quester, Mat-
thew, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £87
10s. Born about 1559. " October 29,
1604, grant to Matt, de Quester, on
surrender of Silvester Brooke, of the
office of one of the King's post, for be-
yond seas, for life." January t 1, 1608,
grant to "Matt, de Quester of the office
of a Post, for life." There was a long
DERMER — DIGBY
877
law plea between this postmaster of
England for foreign parts and Lord
Stanhope, the English chief postmas-
ter, which was settled in 1G32. In
1G33 Deqnester was an esquire to
King Charles I., being then aged 74.
Dermer — Darmer — Dormer,
Master. Made a voyage to New
England in 1615. I think that he was
the Capt. Thomas Dormer who was iu
Newfoundland in 1616, where he prob-
ably remained nntil late in 1618. He
was confident that there was a passage
to the South Sea through America. In
1619 he made another voyage to the
New England coast, and in 16:20 he
was in Virginia. July 10, 1621, there
was read before the Virginia Company
of London a relation of " Mr. Dim-
mer's discoveries from Cape Charles
to Cape Cod, up Delaware river and
Hudson's river, being but twenty or
thirty leagues from our plantation,
and within our limiLs, within which
rivers were found divers ships of
Amsterdam and Home," etc.
D'Evereux, Robert, Earl of Es-
sex. Born in November, 1567 ; serv-
ing in the Netherlands, 1587 ; in Por-
tugal, 1589 ; with Henry of Navarre,
1591 ; at Cadiz, 1596 ; at the Azores,
1597 ; lord lieutenant of Ireland, 1599;
troubles with the queen, 1598-1600 ;
"The Rising," February 8, 1601;
tried 19, and executed February 25,
1601 ; " the incomparable Essex. ' '
He was the son of Walter, Earl of
Essex, by his wife, Lettice Knolles ;
he married, in 1590, Frances, daughter
of Walsinghani and widow of Sir
Philip Sidney.
Devonshire, Earl of. — William
Cavendish.
Dexter, Captain, 2. Sub. ; pd.
. (Capt. Ralph Dexter, engineer
at the Siege of Ostend in 1601 ?)
Dichfield, Edward, Salter, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £68 15s. On tlie
Va. Commission of July 15, 16.4 ; in
the same year on the commission for
searching and sealing tobacco, and
also in 1634. He resided in the parish
of St. Mary Woolcluuch, London,
where the births and deaths of his
children are registered. His daughter
Sara, born April 26, 1612, married
Francis Meade, of London, Salter.
Dichfield, Richard. Pd. £25.
Digby, Sfr John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Son of Sir George Digby
by liis wife, Abigail, daughter of Sir
Arthur Henningham, of Ketteringham;
was born at Coleshill, Warwickshire,
in February, 1580, and entered Oxford
University in 1595. " Being sent by
the Lord Harrington to intimate to
the king the designed insurrection of
the gunpowder conspirators, he was
admitted a gentleman of the Privy
Chamber and one of the king's carvers
in 1605." Knighted at Whitehall,
May 14, 1606 ; M. P. for Heydon,
1610-11 ; ambassador to the Court of
Spain, April, 1611, to January, 1616.
(However he was in England Jan-
uary to September, 1614.) While in
Spain, he guarded faithfully the inter-
ests of the English colonies in Amer-
ica. He was a member of the N. W.
P. Co., July 26, 1612, and was ad-
mitted free into the E. I. Co. in Sep-
tember, 1614 ; appointed vice-cham-
berlain of the household, and sworn
of the Privy Council, April 3, 1616.
Sherborne was bestowed on him about
October, 1616. Commissioned to treat
of a marriage between Prince Charles
and the Infanta Maria of Spain, April
16, 1617 ; went to Spain in July, 1617,
and upon his return was created Baron
Digby of Sherborne in the county of
Dorset, November 25, 1618 ; ambas-
sador to the Archduke Albert in
March, 1621, and in May, 1621, to the
Emperor Ferdinand, and the Duke of
Bavaria on the business of the Palati-
nate. In March, 1622, he was again
sent ambassador extraordinary to Spain
to treat of the marriage and an alli-
ance, and on September 15, 1622, was
created Earl of Bristol. He finally
left tha Spanish Court, after the mar-
riage negotiation liad come to grief, in
January, 1624. His differences with
the Duke of Buckingham may be seen
in the history of the times. Not
summoned to second Parliament of
Charles I., February, 1626 ; com-
plained, was summoned, but ordered to
keep on his estates, March ; appealed
again ; impeached by the king, May
1 ; impeached Buckingham, May ;
committed to the Tower, Jime 15,
1626. One of the commissioners to
treat with the Scots, September, 1640;
member of the Long Parliament, No-
vember, 1640 ; committed to the Tow-
er, March 28, 1642 ; released in a few
878
DIGBY — DIGGES
days; went to the king at York, April;
attended the king at Edgehill and
Oxford in October, 1642 ; retired to
France at the close of the civil war ;
died at Paris, January 16, 1653-54.
"The Earl of Bristol was one of
the most accomplished ministers, as
well as one of the most estimable
characters of his time. A very hand-
some man ; of a grave aspect ; of a
presence that drew respect, and of
long experience in affairs of great
importance."
Old Fuller says, " The worst I wish
such who causelessly suspect him of
Popish inclinations is, that I may hear
from them but halt so many strong
arguments for the Protestant religion,
as I have heard from him, who was, to
his commendation, a cordial champion
for the Church of England."
Digges, Sir Dudley, 2. Sub. £75;
pd. £37 10s. Son of Thomas Diggs
and his wife, Anne St. Leger (see St.
Leger pedigree) ; born in 1583 ; en-
tered Oxford University in 1598. His
tutor was George Abbot, afterwards
Archbishop of Canterburj'. Took his
degree in 1601 ; wrote a treatise " Of
the worthinesse of Warre and war-
riors," published in 1604 ; licensed to
travel for three years, April 6, 1604 ;
knighted at Whitehall, April 29, 1607;
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
He aided in sending Henry Hudson
to the Northwest (April 17, 1610),
and Cape Digges and Digges Hand
were named for him ; was M. P. for
Tewkesbury, 1610-11. On the 4th of
December, 1611, Chamberlain wrote
to Carleton : " Sir Dudley Diggs, a
great undertaker of this new discov-
ery of the North West Passage, thinks
of nothing else : they are preparing
ships against spring as if there were
no donbt nor difficulty in the matter,
and the Prince of Wales is become a
partner and Protector." Chamberlain
rigain wrote to Carleton, March 11,
1612: "There is a little treatise of
tlie North W^est Passage, written by
Sir Dudley Digges ; but I may say
beatus qui intelUgh, especially the first
period, which is but a bad beginning
to stumble at the threshold. Some of
his good friends say he had better have
given five hundred pounds tlian pub-
lished such a pamphlet ; but he is
wonderfully possessed with the opinion
and hopes of that passage." Sir Dud-
ley's sons, Thomas and John Digges,
were both members of the Va. Co. of
London in March, 1612. In April,
1612, the ships for the Northwest
discovery sailed under Capt. Thomas
Button, Master Francis Nelson, etc.
July 26, 1612, the North West Passage
Company was incorporated with Sir
Dudley Digges as one of the first di-
rectors. He was one of those who
purchased the Bermudas Islands from
the Va. Co., November 25, 1612 ; was
a member of the Rus. or JNIus. Co.,
and a leading member of the E. I.
Co. ; was one of those who sent out
Capt. Benjamin Joseph with seven
vessels to Spitzbergen in May, 1613.
Digges his hundred was planted in
Virginia about 1613 ; July 5, 1614,
was one of the nominees for governor
of the E. I. Co., but Sir Thomas
Smythe was elected.
M. P. for Tewkesbury in 1614;
joined his copartners in resigning the
Bermudas to the crown, November 23,
1614. Early in 1615 appeared a tract
called " The Trade's Increase," "some
points in which were very near trea-
son and all the rest very dangerous."
Februarj' 22, 1615, at a meeting of the
E. I. Co., Sir Dudley said a book should
be set forth in defense of the East
India trade, wliich had been attacked
in the said tract. And afterwards
Sir Dudley " replied in a masterly
manner, in the same year, in a trea-
tise entitled ' The Defense of Trade,'
inscribed to his kinsman Sir Thomas
Smythe, the governor of the East
India Company." He aided in send-
ing the voyage for the discovery of
the Northwest passage which sailed
in March, 1615. (William Baffin
wrote an account of this voyage.)
Was a jnember of the Bermudas Com-
pany, June 29, 1615. In 1616 he
aided in sending out another voyage
on Northwest discoveries, in which
another cape was named for him in
"Latitude 76 degrees, 35 minutes."
" He acquired the manor and castle
of Chilham in Kent, by marriage and
purchase, where about the year 1616
he erected a magnificent edifice for his
residence." We find him constantly in-
terested in Virginia, willing to advance
the enterprise by lotteries or by reli-
gion. He was ambassador to Russia,
DIGGES
879
April to October, 1618 ; one of the
eomniissiouers in settling a treaty be-
tween the English and Dutch concern-
ing the trade into the East Indies,
January to June, 1G19 ; one of the
coinniittee of the Va. Co. of London
for compiling and reducing tiie stand-
ing rules and orders for the govern-
ment of the Va. Co. into one entire
body, as more especially for constitut-
ing laws, etc. (The result of their
labor is reprinted in Force, iii.) He
was also in 1619 one of the committee
" concerning the coUedge in Virginia,
being a waighty busines, and so greate
that an Account of their proceedings
therein must be given to the State."
Sir Dudley Carleton, writing to
Chamberlain from " The Hague, Jan-
uary 29, 1620," "prays him to show
Sir Dudley Diggs the writer's Vir-
ginia Papers, then return them to
Carleton, letting him know when there
is a passage to Virginia, for he has com-
passion of poor Forie being hunger-
starved for news and wishes to send
him a letter."
(Quere : Where are Carleton' s Vir-
ginia papers now ?)
Sir Dudley Digges patented lands
in Virginia in 1620 ; was a M. C. for
the X. E. Co., November 3, 1620. He
was in Holland with Morris Abbot,
settling differences between the Eng-
lish and Dutch East India companies,
November, 1620, to February, 1621 ;
M. P. for Tewkesbury, 1621-22 ; one
of commissioners in Ireland, March to
October, 1622. In December, 1622,
he was " following the court hard, and
was in hope somewhat would fall to
his lot ; but for aught we see yet, the
poor gentleman seems in the sand."
M. P. for Tewkesbury in 1624-25,
in 1625, and in 1626 ; one of the com-
missioners to conduct the impeach-
ment of Buckingham, May 3, 1626 ;
was sent to the Tower, May 10 or 11,
1626, but was released within a few
days ; was again imprisoned for a few
weeks in 1627 ; M. P. for the county
of Kent, 1628-29. In 1629 he was
mentioned as a " late commissioner for
Virginia ; " granted the reversion of
master of the rolls, November 17,
1630 ; entered Gray's Inn bencher,
1630 ; master in chancery, January
22, 1631. May 24, 1631, Attorney-
general Heath was instructed to pre-
pare a bill appointing many, including
Sir Dudley Digges, commissioners for
advising upon some course for estab-
lishing the advancement of the planta-
tion of Virginia. This bill was pre-
pared, and was signed by King Charles
on June 27, 1631.
He was appointed one of the com-
missioners for Virginia tobacco, June
19, 1634 ; was master of the rolls,
April 18, 1636 ; spoken of as one of
the committee in organizing the pro-
posed English West India Company in
1637. He died March 18, 1639, and
was buried at Chilham near Canterbury.
" An accomplished scholar, traveler,
statesman, and author, a patriotic
member of Parliament, and a princely
merchant; his understanding iew could
equal ; his virtues fewer would y and
the wisest men reckoned liis death
among the public calamities of those
times."
He married Mary, youngest daugh-
ter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Kenipe
of Olantigh, by whom he left eight
sons and three daughters. The oldest
son, Thomas, succeeded to Chilham,
and married Mary, daughter of Sir
Maurice Abbot. Edward, another son,
settled in Virginia ; was a member of
the council ; governor of the colony in
1656 ; died March 15, 1676, and was
buried in the old churchyard at Bell-
field about eight miles from Williams-
burg on James River.
Digges, John, 3. Sub. ; pd.
. Of Faversham, second son of
Sir Dudley.
Digges, Thomas, 3. Sub. ; pd.
. Of Chilham Castle, eldest sou
of Sir Dudley. His son, Sir Maurice,
was created a baronet March 6, 1666
Digges, Thomas. The celebrated
mathematician ; born in Kent ; entered
Cambridge, 1546 ; B. A., 1551 ; M. A.,
1557 ; intimate with Dr. John Dee ;
M. P. for Wallingford, 1572-83, and
for the town of Southampton, 1584-85.
Muster-master-general of the English
forces in the Netherlands, 1586-94.
Interested in Antarctic discoveries
about 1590. " Died in London August
24, 1595, and was buried in the chan-
cel of the church of St. Mary, Alder-
nianbury, where a monument was
erected to his memory, with an inscrip-
tion which describes him as ' a man
zealously aifected to true religion,
880
DIKE — DRAKE
wise, discreete, courteous, faithfull to
his friends, and of rare knowledge in
geometrie, astrologie, and other math-
ematical sciences.' " He married Anne,
daughter of Sir Warham St. Leger
(see pedigree), who, surviving him,
died in 1636, aged 81. They had issue,
two sons and two daughters, namely,
Sir Dudley (aforesaid), Leonard (1588-
1635), the poet, Margaret, the wife of
Sir Anthony Palmer, and Ursula.
Dike. See Dyke.
Diugley, John, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Died 16'J6. (See
will in " New England Register,"
January, 1888, p. 73.)
Dobson, William, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Born 1572; of
St. Andrew, Holborn ; married, sec-
ondly, in 1605, Alice, daughter of Ed-
ward Barnes, mercer, of St. Mary
Magdalen, Milk Street, London, He
was " Clerk of the Statutes and Recog-
nizances taken before the chief jus-
tices, the Mayor of the Staple, and the
Recorder of London."
Doderidge, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £25. An eminent law-
yer, a member of the Society of the
Middle Temple, author of various pro-
fessional works, etc. He was probably
born at Barnstaple in 1555 ; entered
Exeter College, Oxford, 1572 ; Bach-
elor of Arts, February 15, 1577 ; en-
tered the Middle Temple ; member of
the Society of Antiquaries ; sergeant
at law, January, 1604 ; Prince Henry's
sergeant; solicitor- general, October
28, 1604 ; M. P. for Horsham, Sus-
sex, 1604-11 ; M. C. for Ya., 1606 ;
principal serjeant at law to the king,
June, 1607 ; knighted at Whitehall,
July 5, 1607 ; member of the New-
foundland Company, 1610 ; justice of
the King's Bench, November 25, 1612 ;
Master of Arts, Oxford, February 4,
1614. Died near Egham, Surrey,
September 13, 1628, in the seventy-
third year of his age, and " was in-
terred under a stately tomb in Our
Lady's Chapel in Exeter Cathedral."
He was married three times, but left
no issue. Among his ptiblished works
are, "The Compleat Parson," "The
Lawyer's Light," " The English Law-
yer," " Law of Nobility and Peerage,"
etc. Fuller says, "he was commonly
called, ' the sleeping judge,' because he
would sit on the bench with his eyes
shut, which was only a posture of at-
tention, to sequester his sight from
distracting objects, tlie better to listen
to what was alleged and proved."
" His soul consisted of two essentials,
ability and integrity, holding the Scale
of Justice with so steady an hand, that
neither love nor lucre, fear or flattery,
could bow him on cither side."
Doncaster, Viscount. — James
Hay.
Donne, John. Born in 1573 ; with
Essex at Cadiz, 1596, and the Azores,
1597 ; married Anne, daughter of Sir
George More, about Christmas, 1600 ;
persuaded to enter the church by King
James in 1614 ; in February, 1615,
Lord Carew writes, " Mr. John Dun is
a Minister, the King's Chaplaine, and
a Doctor of Divinite." In 1621 dean
of St. Paul's ; joined the Virginia
Company of London May 22, 1622,
and preached the sermon before the
company on the 13th of November
following, on the text. Acts i. 8. He
died on March 31, 1631, and was buried
in St. Paul's Cathedial. An eminent
wit, poet, author, and divine. His son,
George Donne, was marshal of Vir-
ginia, 1637-40, and wrote " Virginia
Reviewed," addressed to King Charles
1. He descended from Judge Rastall,
whose brother came to America iu
1536.
Dorchester, Viscount. — Dudley
Carleton.
Dorset, Earl of. — Edward, Rich-
ard, and Thomas Sackville.
DoAvnes, John, 3. Sub. ; pd.
£37 10s.
Drake, Sir Bernard. Naval com-
mander ; eldest son of John Drake, of
Ashe (whose sister Johanna was first
wife to Walter Ralegh, of Fardell),by
his wife Amy, daughter of Sir Roger
Grenville, of Stowe. On his return
from Newfoundland, for his services
there, he was knighted by Queen
Elizabeth January 9, 1586, at Green-
wich. While on this voyage he prob-
ably visited Monhegan (N. E.). He
died April 10, 1586.
Drake, Sir Francis. Probably the
son of Robert, third son of the last
John Drake of Otterton, by his wife,
Agnes Kelloway. The date of his birth
is variously given from 1539 to 1545
inclusive. Probably born at Crown-
dale, near Tavistock, Devonshire ;
ROBERT SIDNEY
Fir.^t Earl of Leicester
DRAKE — DRAYTON
881
uamed for his godfather, Francis Rus-
sell, afterwards second P^arl of Bed-
ford. " He took to the sea " at an early
age ; " at eighteene yeares of age he
was made a pursei of a ship to Biscay ;
at twenty yeares of age he went to
(iuynea;" made a voyage to the
West Indies in 1565 ; with Hawkins in
15G7-G8. In 1570 he registered as a
Plymouth freeman, and made his third
voyage to the West Indies ; made his
fourth voyage in 1571 ; and his fifth in
1572-73, when he " the first of known
Englishmen " saw the great " South
Sea." Served in Ireland under Wal-
ter, Earl of Essex, 1573-70. Under
the patronage of Sir Christopher Hat-
ton ; on his famous voyage around
the world, December, 1577-Septem-
ber, 1580 ; knighted by Queen Eliza-
beth on board his ship the Golden
Hind, April 4, 1581 ; mayor of Plym-
outh, 1582 ; interested in Fenton's
voyage, 1582-83 ; M. P. for Bossiney,
1 584-85, and served on the committee
for confirming Ralegh's patent ; on
the celebrated voyage to America,
September, 1585, to Jidy, 1586 ; went
to the Netherlands in November, 1586 ;
on the voyage " to synge the King of
Spaine hys beard," April-June, 1587.
He was a friend to Rev. John Fox, the
martyrologist ; served against the
Armada, 1588 ; in the Portugal expe-
dition, 1589 ; brought water to Plym-
outh from the River Measy, under
contract, from December, 1590, to
April, 1591 ; builded six mills, 1591 ;
M. P. for Plymouth, 1593 ; sailed on
his last and fatal voyage to the W'est
Indies, August 27, 1595. Died near
Porto Bello, January 28, 1596, " and
being coffined was cast into the Sea "
(the Gulf of Mexico).
"The Starres above will make thee knowne, if
men here silent were,
The Siinne hlmselfe cannot forget his fellow
travailler."
He was twice married, " yet he him-
self and ten of his brethren died with-
out issue."
"He made his youngest brother,
Thomas, his heir, who was with him in
most and chiefest of his imployments."
Drake, George. This may be
George Drake, of Spratshays in Little-
hain, Devonshire, whose daughter mar-
ried Sir John Popham's nephew, Henry
Ford, brother to John Ford, the drama-
tist, and father of Sir Henry Ford.
Drake, John, esquire, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Of Mount Drake and
Ashe, Devon ; son of Sir Bernard
Drake (whom see) ; is thought to be
the person of that name who sailed
around the world with his kinsman
(1577-80), and won the chain of gold
for first sighting the " Cacaf uego," on
March 1, 1579, off Cape Francisco,
South America, and who commanded
the Francis, in Fenton's voyage of
1582, when the vessel was cast away
near the River of Plate, South Amer-
ica ; but he escaped, lived with the
Spaniards in those parts, " and finally
returned to England. No. 724 of the
Sale Catalogue of the late James Car-
son Brevoort is the report of his ex-
amination before the tribunal of the
Inquisition in Lima, Peru. M. P. De-
von, 1014, 1021-1^2, and 1624-25 ; of
the N. E. Council, November 3, 1620;
died in 1628.
Drake, Captain Thomas. The
only one of Sir Francis Drake's broth-
ers who left issue. He married Eliz-
abeth , and died April 4, 1606,
leaving a daughter Elizabeth, wife of
John Bamfield, Esq., and a son Francis
(named for his uncle and godfather),
who was created a baronet August 2,
1022.
Draper, Thomas, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £87 10s. Of Lincoln's Inn, gent.;
he died in 1611, and Avas buried in the
old church at Islington. He married
Sarah, daughter of Roger James of
Holland ; she married, secondly, Sir
Nicholas Kempe, and died in 1050.
Draper, Sara. Pd. £12 10s. (See
Thomas Draper.)
Drawfield — Drausfield, Avery,
grocer, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £l;5.
Also of the E. I. and N. W. P. com-
panies. He died in 1014.
Drayton, Michael, 1503-1631.
The poet of " The Virginian Voyage "
was born within a few miles of AVil-
liam Shakespeare, .md buried within
fewer paces of Geoffrey Chaucer and
Edmund Spenser. His brow is crowned
with laurel, " A])ollo's sacred tree,"
iu his portrait and on his monument.
882
DREWllY — DUDLEY
Drewry — Drury, Sir Drew, the
Elder, 2. Sub. ; pd. £75. Of
Riddlesworth, Norfolk ; born iiboiit
153'i ; gentleman usher of the privy
chamber to Queen Elizabeth ; sherilf
of Norfolk in 157G ; was knighted at
Waustead in Essex in September,
1579. Fuller says, " He was joined in
commission with Sir Amias Paulet to
keep Mary, Queen of Scots ; and dis-
charged his dangerous trust therein.
It moveth me not, that I find both
these knights branded for puritans ;
being confident that nickname, in rela-
tion to them both, was first pronounced
tliroiigh a popish mouth, causelessly
offended at their religion." He died
in the spring of 1617. He married,
first, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip
Calthorpe, by Amata Boleyn, his wife,
aunt to Queen Aune Boleyn, and, sec-
ondly, Catherine, only daughter and
heir of William Finch, Esq., of
Lynsted in Kent. By the latter he had
issue.
Drewry — Drury, Sir Robert, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £10. Born about 157-3 ;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603 ;
M. P. for Suffolk, 1601-11. He
spent a part of the summer of 1605 in
Flanders.
M. C. for Va. Co., 1609. He was a
patron of Rev. Joseph Hall, rector of
Halstead in Suffolk, in 1607, and also
of the celebrated Dr. John Donne, to
whom he gave apartments at his own
house in Drury Lane. July 2, 1611,
he obtained license to travel for three
years with his wife and family, and on
December 4, 1611, Chamberlain writes,
that " they are already settled at
Amiens and with them John Donne."
At the end of three years he returned
to England. Was M. P. for Eye in
1614 ; died April 2, 1615, leaving his
three sisters his heirs ; " only he gave
away his land in Drury Lane to Sir
Henry Drury," etc. His three sisters
were, Frances, married, first. Sir
Nicholas Clifford, and, secondly, Sir
AVilllam Wray ; Elizabeth, married
AVilliam Cecil, son and heir of Thomas,
Earl of Exeter (she died February 26,
1654, aged about 80) ; and Diana, who
married Sir Edward Cecil, Viscount
Wimbledon, etc.
Druerdent — Durdent, Philip, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester,
etc. Born in 1532 or 1533 ; mar-
ried Amy Robsart June 4, 1550 ; pro-
claimed Lady Jane Grey Queen of
England in July, 1553 ; condemned to
death as a traitor, January, 1554 ;
pardoned, Easter, 1555 ; served at
battle of St. Quentin, 1557 ; master of
the horse to Queen Elizabeth, 1558 ;
Knight of the Garter and sworn of the
Privy Council, 1559 ; the great favorite
of Queen Elizabeth ; a patron of the
trade with Russia ; sudden death of
his wife at Cuinnor, 1560 ; created
Baron Denbigh, Earl of Leicester, and
elected a chancellor of Oxford Uni-
versity in 1564 ; interested in the
voyages of Capt. John Hawkins,
1564-68 ; secretly married Lady
Douglas Howard in 1573 ; received
Queen Elizabeth at Kenil worth in
Jnly, 1575 ; married Lettice, widow of
Walter, Earl of Essex, 1578 ; inter-
ested in the voyages of Forbisher,
1576-78, and of Fenton, 1582-83 ;
captain -general of the expedition to
the Netherlands, December, 1585 ;
sent again, 1587 ; generalissimo of
army raised against Spaniards, 1588 ;
died at Cornbury Park, Oxfordshire,
September 4, 1588. He was greatly
interested in pushing abroad the com-
merce of England.
Dudley, Sir Robert, son of the
Earl of Leicester, by Lady Douglas
Howard, was born in 1573 ; made a
voyage to the West Indies, November,
1594, to May, 1595. The voyage of
Master Benjamin Wood to the East
Indies in 1596 was set forth chiefly at
his charges ; knighted by Essex at
Cadiz in 1596. Failing to establish
his legitimacy he left England in 1605,
and "took up his abode in the terri-
tories of the Grand Duke of Tuscany,"
and died near Florence in 1639. His
first wife was a sister to Thomas Cav-
endish, the circumnavigator ; his sec-
ond, Alice, daughter of Sir Thomas
Leigh, Bart., of Stoneleigh. He was
•' the first of all that taught a dog to
sit in order to catch partridges.''
" He spent forty years of his life, and
the treasures of a vast income, upon
the accumulation of authentic material
for the illustration of his cherished
subjects, ' Hydrography and Naviga-
tion,' " and at least a part of the fruit
of this labor is given in his " Arcano
del Mare," fii-st published in 1646.
DUNBAR — EDMONDS
883
Duubar, Earl of. — Ceorj^e Hume.
Buncombe, Mr. (Edward). Of
Baltlesden, l^edfordshiie ; ^1. P. for
Tavistock, KJOl-ll and 1G14.
Dunn, Sir Daniel, draper, 2. Sub.
; pd. ■. Son of Robert Dunne,
citizen and draper of London ; was
educated at Oxford, wbere he took
the degree of D. C. L., July '20, 1580 ;
M. P. Taunton, IGOl ; knighted July
23, 1603 ; M. P. Oxford University,
1601-11 and 1614 ; was master of the
Requests, dean of the Arches, and
judge of the Admiralty Court ; died
September 15, 1617.
Dunn, William, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£2.5. Probably William Dunn, Doctor
of Phisick, brother of Sir Daniel.
Duppa, James, brewer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Dwelling in Saint
Catharine's, near the Tower of Lon-
don." He sent out a voyage to Cherry
Island in 1607. He married Anne,
daughter of Sir Roger Jones, and one
of his daughters was named Lucretia.
Duppa, Jeffery, brewer, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £50. "The King's
Brewer of Holdenby." (The cele-
brated Bishop Duppa was the son of
Jeffery and Lucretia Duppa. Was he
a brother to the brewers of the Vir-
ginia Company ?)
Durette — Durant, Philip, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Huguenot ; buried
in the Parish of St. Mary Woolchurch
Haw, April 15, 1619.
Dye, Roger, haberdasher, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Also of the
E. I. and N. W. P. companies.
Dyer, Ed-wrard. Interested in Fro-
bisher's voyages, 1576-78 ; knighted
(1596) and appointed chancellor of
the Order of the Garter ; a friend of
Essex ; a poet. He was buried at
St. Saviour's, Southwark, May 11,
1607.
Dyke — Dike, John, fishmonger,
2. Sub. ; pd. £.30. Third son
of Thomas Dyke, of Yorkshire ; a
member of the E. I. Co. ; on the Va.
Commission of July 15, 1624.
Dyke, Thomas. Sub. £37 10s.
Elder brother of the foregoing John.
He died in 1615, leaving his adven-
tures in the East Indies, Virginia, and
Somers Islands to his five sons. In
1620 his sons John and Thomas held
£.50 aud £25, respectively, of paid-up
stock in the Virginia Company.
Dyot, Anthony, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £25. Of Lichfield,
barrister at law ; recorder of Tam-
worth ; M. P. Lichfield, 1601 aud
1604-11.
Dyot, Richard, esquire, son of the
above Anthony ; was born in 1590 ;
M. P. Stafford, 1621-22 and 1624-25 ;
Lichfield, 1627-L8, and 1640 ; recorder
of Stafford and of the Privy Council to
Charles I. at York ; was knighted at
Dublin, September 13, 1635 ; died
March 8, 1659, aged 69.
Eden, Richard. Born about 1521 ;
at Cambridge, 1535—44 ; was j)rivate
secretary to Sir William Cecil, 1552 ;
published a translation of "JMunstcr's
Cosmography" in 1553, "The De-
cades of the Newe Worlde, or W^est
India," in 1555. He published sev-
eral other translations of travel.'*, works
on navigation, etc. ; was on the conti-
nent mostly from 1562 to 1573. He
died in 1576.
Edgecombe, Piers. " Eldest son of
Sir Richard ; was born in 1536 ; sheriif
of Devon in 1566 ; ]M. P. for Cornwall,
1562-63, 1572, 1588, and 1592 ; and for
Liskeard borough, 1584 and 1586. He
died in 1607." His son. Sir Richard
Edgecombe, was a member of the
King's Council for New England in
1620. Ancestor of the present Earl
of Mount-Edgcumbo.
Edmonds, Sir Thomas. Son of
Thomas Edmonds, customer of Plym-
outh ; born at Plymouth about 1562;
envoy to the Court of France, 1588 ;
agent for Elizabeth at the Court of
France, 1592 ; " Secretary to the
Queen for the French tongue," May,
1596 ; envoy to the Archduke at
Brussels in December, 1599 ; clerk to
the Privy Council in 1600 ; M. P. for
Liskeard in Cornwall, 1601 ; knighted
May 20, 1603. He is the " little Ed-
monds " of Sully's " Memoirs ; " M. P.
for Wilton, 1604-11; ambassador
resident at the Court of Brussels from
August, 1604, to August, 1609; ambas-
sador to France, May, 1610, to 1616;
sworn a privy councilor and comp-
884
EDMONDS — ELDRED
troUer of the liousehold, December
22, 1616. In January, 1617, Winwood
and Edmonds arranged with Searna-
fissi for Ralegh to attack Genoa in the
interest of Savoy; and Ralegh after-
wards " charged Edmoudes and others
with having instigated him to attack
Spain on his last voyage." He was
appointed treasurer of the household,
.Januarv, 1618 ; clerk of the crown in
the King's Bench, 16£0 ; M. P. for
Bewdley, 1621-22 ; commissioner for
V^irginia affairs, July 15, 1624 ; M. P.
Chichester, 1624-25 ; Oxford tlniver-
sity, 1625 ; Penryn, 16:28-29 ; ambas-
sador to France, June 1629 ; commis-
sioner of plantations, April 1634 ; died
September 20, 1639, aged 77. "He
had been practised in the arts of for-
eign negotiation, especially in France,
almost from childhood, and was a min-
ister of great abilities and integrit3%' '
It is said that "the enemies of Eng-
land never concealed their fear of
him." He married, first, Magdalen,
daughter of Sir John Wood ; their
eldest daughter, Isabella, married
Henry, fourth Lord De la Warr, the
eldest son of the first governor-gen-
eral of Virginia. Edmonds married,
secondly, in 1626, " the Right Honor-
able Sai'a Lady Hastings late wife to
Lord Zouch deceased."
Edolph — Edolfe, Sir Robert, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Hinxhill,
Kent ; knighted July 23, 1603 ;
sheriff of Kent, 1609 ; married, in
1590, Emeline, daughter of Sir Thomas
Scott (see Scott pedigree).
Edwards, Richard. Of N. W. P.
Co. He afterwards joined the Vir-
ginia Company, and was on the com-
mission of July 15, 1624. He was
alderman's deputy for Bishopsgate
ward, married Elizabeth, daughter
of John Still, Bishop of Bath and
Wells. He was also of the E. I. Co.,
and his younger brother, William, was
sometime president for that company
in the East Indies. Mr. Edwards, a
Turkey merchant, i. e. member of the
Turkey Company, is said to have been
the first Englishman to introduce the
use of coffee in England about the
year 1652. The Dutch East India
Company conveyed coffee-trees from
Mocha to Holland in 1616, and tlis
coffee-berry, I sup])()s<', before tliat
date. It is highly probable that the
English E. I. Co., brought coffee to
England, about the same time, as a
curiosity possibly, and not for the
trade.
Egerton, Sir Thomas, an Illegiti-
mate son of Sir Richard Egerton of
Ridley ; was born in Cheshire, 1540;
entered Brasenose College, Oxford,
15-56 ; Lincoln's Inn, October 31,
1560 ; called to the bar, February 2,
1572 ; solicitor-general, June 28,
1581 ; Lent reader, 1582 ; attorney-
general, June 2, 1592 ; knighted
1593 ; master of the rolls, April 10,
1594 ; Lord Keeper of the Great
Seal and member of the Privy Coun-
cil, May 6, 1596. (His son Thomas
was knighted by Essex on the Island
voyage, 1597.) He was charged with
the custody of Essex, 1599 ; Baron of
Ellesmere bv James I., July 19, 1603;
lord chancellor, July 24, 1603 ;
Chancellor of Oxford University, No-
vember 3, 1610 ; member of the N.
W. P. Co., 1612 ; Viscount Brackley,
November 7, 1616; resigned the Great
Seal, March 3, 1617. Died at York
House, in the Strand, London, on
March 15, 1617, and was buried at
Doddleston, in Cheshire, the place of
his birth. Lodge says, " It may not
be too much to say that for purity of
reputation this great man's character
stands distinguished from tliose of all
other public ministers of this country
in all ages ; while for wisdom in
council, profound knowledge of the
laws, and general learning, he has sel-
dom been excelled."
Egiock, Sir Francis, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Appomted a teller
of the exchequer for life, May 28,
1603; knighted at Whitehall,"^ July
i:3, 1603 ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1612-20.
He was seated at Egiocke and Sher-
nock, Coimty Worcester ; married
Eleanor, daughter of Francis Dinely,
of Charlton. He died November 21,
1622, and was buried in the Church
of St. Margaret, citj' of Westminster,
under a fair monument at the upper
end of the chancel.
Eldred, John, merchant. 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £137 10s. Was born
ELDRED — ELFRITH
885
in 1552 at New Buckenham in Nor-
t.jlk ; went to London, devoted him-
s If to business, and prospered. He
\v;is one of " the honest English raer-
ciiants " who made the first etfort to
oi)'Mi an overland trade with East
India. They departed out of Lon-
don upon Shrove Monday, 1583, in
the ship called the Tiger, " wherein
they went for Tripolis in Syria, and
from thence took the way for Aleppo."
" Her husband 's to Aleppo gone, mas-
ter of the Tiger." (Shakespeare's
'• Macbeth," act i. 3.) He remained in
the East, the Holy Land, Asiatic Tur-
key, etc., traveling and trading, about
live years, and returning reached
London, March 26, 15S8, a wealthy
man. He bought the manor of Great
Saxham in Suffolk in 1597, and built a
large house there. He was a member
of the Levant Company ; adventured
£•400 in the voyage to East India,
September 22, 1599 ; one of the di-
rectors for setting forth a voyage for
the discovery of the trade of the East
Indies, September 23, 1600 ; an in-
corporator of the E. I. Co., December
31, 1600, of which company he was
one of the first directors, remaining
in that office for many years and ad-
venturing large sums of money in that
enterprise for the advancement of
English commerce ; M. C. for Va.,
1606 : M. C. for Va. Co., 1609. His
name is frequently met with in the
state papers in connection with ad-
vances of money to Queen Elizabeth
and James I. He was a leading busi-
ness man of the period ; an importer
of tobacco ; a farmer of the preemp-
tion of tin ; a contractor for lands ;
contractor for the customs, etc. ; ou3
of those who set forth Henry Hudson
in April, 1610, for the discovery of
the Northwest passage ; an incorpo-
rator and director of the N. W. P.
Co., July 26, 1612. Purchas, wrlti;ig
about 1621, says, " Master Eldred yet
liveth a grave, rich, and pri.inpall
Citizen." "He died at Great Sax-
ham in 1632, and was buried there in
the church on Dec. 8." He married
Mary, daughter of Thomas Revett,
of Rishangles in Suffolk. His son,
Revett Eldred, was created a baronet
in 1612.
Eldred, Walter, merchant-tailor.
Pd. 2s. 6d. March 18, 1620, Thomas
Hodges left by will three shares of
land iu Virginia to Walter Kldr,'d.
Elfrith — Elfred — Elfree — El-
frey — Elfrye, Captain Daniel. He
first appears as an officer serving un-
der Captain Fisher, on board of a ship
" sent out upon a discovery into the
river of the Amazones," probably
under Harcourt's charter of August
28, 1613. "As they went, a Spanish
frigate comeinge in their waye their
catchinge fingers layd fast hold on her,
and this Elfrye (being in good trust
with Fisher) was putt into her as
master, who takeiuge his opportunitie,
requited him so well as sone after he
gave him the slyp, and then shaped his
course to the Bermudas ; " where he
arrived about February, 1614, and suc-
coured the hungry colony, with his
cargo of meal. " Yet with the meal
came a number of rats (the first that
the islands ever saw), which multiply-
ing themselves by an infinite increase,"
a few years after placed the colony in
jeopardy.
Elfrith went to England, on one of
the returning vessels, in the spring of
1614, leaving his Spanish frigate at
the Bermudas, and I find nothing
more of him until April, 1618, when
he sailed from England in command
of that celebrated ship, the Treasurer,
'• licensed by a commission from the
Duke of Savoye (obtained by Robert
Lord Rich from Count Scarnafissi) to
take Spaniards as lawfull prize." He
arrived in Virginia late in the sum-
mer ; where Governor Argall refitted
his vessel and " sent him with the
same commission to raunge the West
Indies." He arrived in the Bermudas
in the winter of 1618-19, and after
some six weeks' stay, set out on his
roving voyage. He returned to Vir-
ginia, in consortship with a man-of-
war of Flushing, late in the summer
of 1619, " with a part of one hundred
negroes which he had captured from a
Spanish vessel ;" leaving some (20?)
of these negroes in Virginia, he soon
sailed from there, taking the remainder
(29) to the Bermudas. The Dutch
man-of-war may have had negroes on
board, but Captain Elfrith, "under
cover of a commission " from Charles
Emmanuel I. the Great. Duke of
Savoy, is responsible for bringing the
first negroes to the colony of V^ir-
886
ELFRITH — ERIZO
ginia. " The proceeding of the Treas-
urer was esteemed not only a mani-
fest act of piracy, but also a thing of
great danger to the colony, consider-
ing its weak conditiou and the great
strength of the Spaniards in the West
Indies," and " the evente thereof (we
may misdoubte) will prove some at-
tempte of the Spaniard upon us, either
by way of revenge, or by way of pre-
vention; least we may in time make this
place [Virginia] sedem belli against the
West Indies." For these reasons the
reports of the said proceeding, given
out at that time, are incomplete and
guarded ; but I have copies of several
documents in the premises (which
have never been printed) giving ample
information. To show how perfect
the Spanish system of obtaining news
then was, it may be mentioned that
Fray Diego de Lafuente (" Padre
Maestro ") Gondomar's confessor in
England, knew of the acts of the Treas-
urer in the West Indies prior to May,
1619. (See Captain Argall.)
Captain Elfrith remained in the
Bermudas for nearly ten years ; was
for a time a member of the council
there, and probably made more than
one voyage from there to the West
Indies. His daughter married Capt.
Philip Bell, governor of the Bermudas,
16*26-29, and brother to Sir Robert
Bell.
Elfrith sailed for England on the
Earl Warwick late in March, 1629,
and arrived late in April. He came
to reveal to the Earl of Warwick
and Sir Nathaniel Rich his discovery
(while on one of his roving voyages)
of the island of St. Catalina, and he
possibly commanded the successful
voyage of discovery sent out by those
gentlemen in that year to the West
Indies.
In 1630 he was appointed by the
company to act as governor of Provi-
dence Islands (Bahamas) until the
arrival of his son-in-law, Capt. Philip
Bell, the governor. " He was then to
be admiral, and next in precedence to
the governor." Bell arrived in 1631,
and Admiral Elfrith soon went to
roving in the West Indies and to Cape
Gracias-it-Dios. May 10, 1632, the
coni))nny wrote to him "condemning
his indiscretion in too freely enter-
taining a MuUetto, as you call him, in
the island, and in taking a Spanish
frigate." July 3, 1633, they conferred
upon him the command of the fort at
Black Rock (Nassau ?) as an evidence
of " our love and opinion of your
fidelity," and March 28, 1636, they
wrote him that '• they were willing to
employ his son in a ship for taking
prizes. Having procured liberty to
right themselves of the Sjjaniard."
In 1636 and 1637 there were dissen-
sions among the officers in the Islands,
and in July, 1637, he wrote to the
company asking liberty to come home,
which was granted in March, 1638,
and he was allowed to bring his ne-
groes away with him ; but he sold them
in 1639 to his successor, Capt. Na-
thaniel Butler, for the company's use.
Among the leading members of the
company were Henry Rich, Earl of
Holland, Robert Rich, Earl of War-
wick, William Lord Say and Sele,
Robert Lord Brooke, Sir Edward
Harwood, Sir Nathaniel Rich, and
John Pym.
Soon after Elfrith's return to Eng-
land, he petitioned the company for
satisfaction for his services in the
Bahamas, to which they replied Ma}'
9, 1640, that " they conceive nothing
justly due him." And this is the last
entry which I find regarding the man
who carried the first rats to the Ber-
mudas and the first negroes to Vir-
ginia, — that is, to the English colony;
the Spaniards carried negroes there in
1526.
Elizabeth, Princess. — Elizabeth
Stuart.
Elizabeth, Queen. See Tudor.
Elkin, John, merchant, 2. Sub.
; pd. £T5.
EUesmere, Lord. Thomas Egerton.
Ellis, John, grocer, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Entered and sworn to free-
dom in the Grocers' Company Au-
gust 6, 1606 ; of St. Lawrence, Old
Jewry ; married, in 1608, Cecily,
daughter of Richard Wood.
Erizo, Captain James. Son of
Richard Erisey, of Erisey in Cornwall.
He died February 3, 1601, aged 4").
(James Erisey, of Erisey in Cornwall,
esquire, of the same family as Rich-
ard aforesaid had a daughter Honor,
who married William Tucker, and
their son William is said to have been
the William Tucker of the Va. Co.)
ERONDELLE — EVELIN
887
Erondelle — Arundell, Peter, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . " A Declination
and Ciitholick exhortation to all Cliris-
tian Princes to succour the Church of
of God and llealme of France. W^rit-
ten by Feter Erondelle, natife of
Normandie. Faithfully t;auslated out
of the French. At Loinlou, Imprinted
by Edward Aggas, 1586." "The
French Garden : for English Ladyes
and Gentlewomen to walke in. . . .
By Peter Erondel, Professor of the
same Language. London, Printed for
Edward White. . . . 1G05." "The
French Schoole-Maister. ... P. Eron-
delle, London, 1612." He reassigned
to Sir Thomas Roe three shares of
land in Virginia, February 16, 16.^^.
He went to V^irginia on the Abigail in
1621, and in February, 162|, Peter,
John, Elizabeth, and Margaret Arun-
dell were living at Buck Roe, Eliza-
beth City. He was granted, in 1624,
200 acres by patent on Back River in
Elizabeth City in right of a bill of
adventure of £287 4s. dated in 1617.
He died prior to 2.3 January, 162|,
leaving a son, John (born in 1602), as
heir to his rights in Virginia.
Essex, Earl of — Robert Devereux.
Essington, ■William, merchant of
London. Son of John Essington, of
Cowley near Essington, Gloucester-
shire. He married, first, Martha,
daughter of Sir Thomas Hays, lord
mayor ; secondly, Hester, daughter of
Sir Roger Jones, and niece of Thomas
Jones, Archbishop of Dublin and lord
chancellor of Ireland. Was of the
E. I. Co., and one of the auditors of
the Va. Co. of London. He was still
living in 1634.
Etheridge (or Etherege), George,
gent., 2. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £62 10s.
(Of Maydenhed, in County Berks,
whose daughter married William Can-
ning, of P^Isenham, Essex, eldest son
of William Canning (whom see) ?)
Evans, Hugh, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£.50.
Evans, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £.jO.
Evans, WilUam, 2. Sub. £37 10s.;
pd. £87 10s.
(They were from Wales, evidently
merchants of London, and members
of the E. I. Co. At least ten men of
the surname Evans emigrated to Vir-
ginia before lG2o.)
Evelin, . Lawyer for the de-
fendant. Probably the following John
Evelin, Esq.
Evelin, John, Esquire., 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Godstone, brother
of Robert (see below) ; was born
about 1554; married, about 1582, Eliz-
abeth, daughter uf William Stevens.
Queen Elizabeth visited him in 1500
at Kingston. He died April 17, 1627.
He was not a knight.
Evelin, John, 3. Sub. ; pd.
. Son of the preceding John.
He was M. P. for Bletchingley in
1628-29 and 1640 till secluded ; was
knighted in 1641 ; died January 18,
1664 ; father of the hrst baronet.
Evelin, Richard. Father of John
Evelyn, Esq., the elegant author, and
half brother to the following.
Evelin, Robert, armorer 2. Sub.
; pd. £17.
Extract from the Evelin pedigree :
George Evelin, " who first brought the
art of making gunpowder to perfection
in England," was born in 1526 ; mar-
ried, first, Rose, daughter of Thomas
Williams, brother and heir of Sir John
Williams, knight ; she was buried at
Long Ditton July 21, 1577. He mar-
ried, second, Joane Stint, to whom the
letter is addressed. He died May 29,
1603. By his two wives he had 24
children, of whom John and Robert
were by his first wdfe, and Richard
by the second wife. Robert's brother
John, and his (John's) son John were
both members of the Va. Co. of Lon-
don in 1612.
Robert Evelin was probably born
at Long Ditton in Surrey about 1570 ;
married, October 19, 1590, at St.
Peter's, Cornhill, London, Susannah,
daughter of Gregory Young. (Her
brother, Capt. Thomas Young, came
to Virginia, and his son, Capt. Thomas
Young, of Chickahominy, was executed
in January, 167^ for taking part in
Bacon's rebellion.) Robert Evelyn,
his brother John, and others had a li-
cense granted to them August 24,
1599, for the sole making of saltpetre
and gunpowder for ten years. He was
a member of the Va. Co. of London in
1609 ; came to V^irginia about KilO.
In 1620 there was still to his credit on
the Va. Co.'s books the sum of £17.
He died before 16.39. Two of his
sous came to Virginia, viz.: Robert
888
EVELIN — FANSHAWE
(who died there) and George (see
"The Evelyns m America," by G. D.
Scull, 1881). Of George (the eldest
son) I will add the following : He
was born in London January 31, 159 1 ;
married Jane, daughter of Richard
Crane of Dorset : emigrated to Mary-
land, 163G ; was governor of Kent
Island, Maryland ; returned to Eng-
land, and died there. At least two of
his children settled in Virginia, viz.:
Mountjoy and Rebecca. Mountjoy
married November 29, 1653, Dorothy,
daughter of Obedience Robins, of
Northampton County, Vii'ginia (see
Edward Waters). Rebecca married,
secondly, " y" Hon*"'' Daniel Parke,
sometime Secretary of the Colony of
Virginia," by whom she had an only
son, Col. Daniel Parke, who married
Lucy Ludvvell, and had by her two
daughters, Lucy, who married Col.
William Byrd, and Frances, who mar-
ried John Custis, and their son, John
I Parke Custis, married Martha Dan-
j dridge (she married, secondly. Gen.
i George Washington), and their great
granddaughter, Mary Custis, married
Gen. Robert E. Lee.
Everard, Capt. Michael, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Knighted at Roys-
ton, January 18, 1614. Chamberlain
to Carleton, May 12, 1614 : " There
hath been a brawl fallen out lately at
Flushing among our captains, wherein
Sir Michael Everard, sergeant-major,
struck Sir John Throckmorton, lieu-
tenant-governor, and, being convented,
would not come till he was fetched
with five hundred men. He married
an heir, one Meg Stewart, a fair, ill-
favored piece, who is come over to
solicit his cause, and finds so great
friends that he is like to be delivered
and sent for liome."
Eversfield, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Knighted at Sir
William Fleetwood's in July, 1603.
He was seated at Den in Sussex ;
married Christian, daughter of Sir
Robert Sandy, alias Napier.
Evington, Francis, merchant-tail-
or. Pd. £1. Of the K. I. and N. W.
P. companifs.
Ewens, Ralph, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 lOs. Of Gray's
Inn ; was born aboiit 1569. Married,
in 1603 or 1604, Mrs. Margaret Hotoft,
of St. Botolph, Aldersgate, widow.
Auditor of Queen Anne. Died before
September, 1611.
Ewre — Eure, Ralph Lord, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Succeeded his
father in 1594 as third Baron Eure.
One of the commissioners at Bremen
1602-03 ; lord president of Wales in
1607. Crasliaw dedicated CCXXX.
to him in 1613. Died April 1, 1617.
Exeter, Earl of. — Thomas and
William Cecil.
Exton, John. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s.
Exton, Nicholas, draper, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £75. Of St. Mary Ab-
church ; married, in 1585, Miss Judith
Westwray.
Facet. See Fawcett.
Fajardo — Fazardo, Don luys.
Admiral of the Spanish royal navy.
Noted for hanging and drowning his
prisoners. I suppose Lymbry was his
pilot when he was operating against
the pirates in the summer of 1609,
and that Clark saw him at that time.
Faldoe (Volday ?) William, fish-
monger, 3. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
This may be* the person who came to
Virginia in 1608. Smith, who gener-
ally gives the wrong name, called him
" Volday ;" Dale calls him "Faldoe,
the Helvetian." (Robert Faldo, Esq.,
married Sir George Yardley's niece,
Anne Palmer.)
Falkland, Viscount. — Henry
Carey.
Falmouth,
Berkeley.
Fansha-we,
£60 ; pd. £70,
Earl of. — Charles
Sir Henry, 2. Sub.
Of Ware Park ; son
of Thomas Fanshawe, Esq., remem-
brancer of the exchequer to Queen
Elizabeth, by his first wife, Mary,
daughter of Anthony Bourchier, Esq. ;
was baptized at Christ Church in Lon-
don, August 13, 1569. M. P. for West-
bury, 1588-89 and 1592-93, and for
Boroughbridge in 1597-98. His father
died in 1601, and he succeeded him
as remembrancer of the exchequer;
was knighted May 7, 1603 ; M. C. for
Va. Co., May 23, 1609. He was an in-
corporator of the N. W. P. Co., July
26, 1612. He died March 10, 1616,
aged 48, and was buried at Ware.
Chamberlain wrote to Carleton,
March 27, 1616 : " Since you went, we
have lost Sir Henry Fanshawe, who,
FANSHAWE — FENTOX
889
being at dinner the 0th of this present,
at the assizes at Hertford, was sud-
denly stricken with a dead palsy, that
took him away in forty hours. He is
much lamented, and so geiierally well
spoken of, as I have not known any
man, which is no small comfort to
them that loved him, as it was like-
wise a great happiness to himself that
his memory continued till the very
end, and his speech did not quite fail
him till some three or four hours be-
fore his departure. He hath left all
in good order, and had made his will
above two years agone ; but the rever-
sion of his office was in great hazard
by reason of his son lacking almost
two years of twenty-one, was said to
be unfit or rather incapable to execute
it. But by Mr. Secretary's good
means, it is now settled in Sir Chris-
topher Hatton and Sir Arthur Harris
for his use till he come of age, and
they have appointed John West for
his deputy."
Sir Henry Fanshawe married Eliza-
beth Smythe, the youngest sister of
Sir Thomas Smythe, the first treasurer
of the Va. Co., by whom he w.as the
father of five sons and five daughters.
The oldest son, Thomas, who suc-
ceeded his father as remembrancer
and in the Va. Co., was afterwards
created Viscount Fanshawe. The
fourth son, Richard Fanshaw, knight
and baronet, the celebrated diploma-
tist, translator, etc., married Anne
Harrison, niece of George Harrison,
the early Virginia duelist. The sec-
ond daughter, Mary, married, in 1616,
William Newce, of Hadham, possibly
the same person, who died in Virginia
about December, 1621.
Fanshawe, Lady. Sir Henry's
wife (see Smythe pedigree). Her
daughter-in-law, Anne, Lady Fan-
shawe, wrote in terms of the highest
praise of her.
Farmer, George, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Probably George
Fermor.
Farmer, John, grocer, 2. Sub.
£37 lOs. ; pd. £100.
Farrington, Richard, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. His lirother George
was "a priest;" sheriff of London,
1608 ; alderman, 1609.
Fawcett — Faucett — Forsett,
Edv/ard, 2. Sub. £'57 10s. ; pd. £75.
Of Tyburn, Middlesex. " A.s a jus-
tice of peace he showed himself very
active in the examination of those con-
cerned in the Gunpowder Plot." Au
officer of the Tower, " he occasionally
took charge during the absence of the
lieutenant. Sir William Waad." The
manor of Marylebone was granted to
him by James in 1611. Of the S. I.
Co. He sold three shares in Virginia
to Mr. Nicholas Ferrar, February 27,
162^. He died about 1630. The au-
thor "of two ably written pamphlets:
1. ' A Comparative Discourse of the
Bodies Natural and Politique,' 1006,
and 2. ' A Defence of the llight of
Kings,' 1624." (See "Die. of Nat.
Bio." vol. XX. p. 10.)
Fearne — Feme, Sir John. Sub.
; pd. £25. With Ralegh in Gui-
ana in 1617.
Fearne — Feme, John.- Sub. ;
pd. £12 lOs. Of tlie S. I. Co.
Felgate, William, merchant, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £62 lOs. Of the
S. I. Co. Patented lands in Virginia,
1622, and on May 20 passed one hun-
dred acres to Capt. Tobias Felgate ; a
commissioner for Virginia in 1633.
He was still trading with Virginia in
1039.
Fennor, John. Sub. ; pd. £50.
Fenner — Fennor — Vennor,
Captain Thomas. The four men
wliom Lord Howard chose as his
advisers in the attack on the Armada
(1588), and of whom he wrote, "The
Worlde dothe judge to be men of the
greatest experience that the realme
bathe," were Sir Francis Drake, Capt.
John Hawkins, Capt. Martin Frobi-
sher, and Capt. Tiiomas Fenner.
Fenton, Captain Edward. Son of
Henry Fenton of Fenton in the parisb
of Sturton, and " brother to Sir (ieof-
frey Fenton ; was born in Notting-
hamshire ; " served in Ireland under
Sir Henry Sidney in 1566 ; an officer
in Frobisber's voyages to the North-
west in 1576-78 ; again in Ireland in
1580 ; one of tliose mentioned by
Hakluyt as having written about his
travels prior to 1582. The project to
attempt a fourth voyage to tlie East
Indies via the Northwest finally re-
sulted in Fenton's voyage of 1582. A
large stock company was formed, and
there was much ditferenoe of opinion.
The Frobisher party wisiied to make
890
FENTON — FERRAR
another attempt by the Northwest ;
the Carlisle party, it seems, wished to
try America to the southwest of Cape
Breton, while the Fenton party wished
to work the rich fields of the South
Sea, which had so recently afforded
such a rich harvest to Sir Francis
Drake ; and this idea prevailed. Fro-
bisher and Carleill declined to go.
Fenton sailed for the Moluccas in
June, 1582, and returned to England
in May, 1583 ; failed in the object
of his voyage, but defeated a Spanish
squadron ; was a captain in the Ar-
mada fight, 1588 ; was buried in St.
Nicholas' Church, Deptford, August
31, 1603, where a monument to his
memory relates his achievements. He
married Thomazin, daughter of Ben-
jamin Gonson. She married, secondly,
Christopher, son of Sir R. Browne, of
Deptford. His niece married Richard
Boyle, first Earl of Cork, and their
son, the Hon. Robert Boyle, was a
benefactor of William and Mary Col-
lege, Virginia. (See Gonson pedigree.)
Ferdinando, Simon. A Portuguese
pilot in Walsingham's service ; sailed
with Drake in 1577 on a vessel which
returned ; made a voyage to our coast
to the southwest of Cape Breton in
1579 ; a pilot of Fenton's voyage in
1582-83, of Amidas and Barlow in
1584, of Greenville in 1585, and of
White in 1587. He was interested in
the Roanoke colony, and possibly re-
mained and died there.
Feme. See Fearne.
Ferrar, Nicholas, Sr., skinner,
2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. Born
about 1546 ; " brought up in the pro-
fession of a Merchant Adventurer,
and traded very extensively to the
East and West Indies and to all the
celebrated seats of commerce;" died
in April, 1620, and was buried in the
Church of St. Bennet Sherhog, Lon-
don. He gave by will " £300 to the
College in Virginia, to be paid when
there shall be ten of the Infidels chil-
dren placed in it, and in the meane
time 24 pounds by the yeare to be dis-
bursed unto tliroe discreete and godly
men in the Colonic, which shall hon-
estly bring up three of the Infidels
children in Christian Religion, and
some good course to live by." (His
son Nicholas finally transferred this
bequest to the Bernmdas, where there
were no " Infidels children.") He
married Mary, daughter of Laurence
Wodenoth, Esq., and had issue : Su-
sanna (married John Collet, of Bourne
Bridge in Cambridgeshire), John,
Erasnnis ("abarrister of law "), Nich-
olas, William, and Richard (a mer-
chant of London).
Ferrar, John, merchant. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Son of the fore-
going. He married, first, Anne,
daughter of William Shepherd, Esq.,
of Great Rowlwright, Oxfordshire.
She died, without issue, July 12, 1613,
aged about 21, and was buried in St.
Bennet Sherhog. (Stow preserves her
curious epitaph.) John Ferrar joined
the Va. Co. after 1612 ; was after-
wards added to His Majesty's Coun-
cil for that company, and was the
deputy treasurer from April 28, 1619,
to May 22, 1622. He was M. P. for
Tamworth in 1621-22 ; wrote the
memoirs of his brother Nicholas (pub-
lished by P. Peckard, D. D., Cam-
bridge, England, 1790), and of his
own son Nicholas, who died in 1640.
He married, secondly, Bathsheba,
daughter of Israel Owen, of London,
and had issue by her : Nicholas, John,
and Virginia. He was buried at Lit-
tle Gidding, September 28, 1657.
Ferrar, Nicholas, the Younger.
Sub. ; pd. . Son of Nich-
olas, Sr. ; was born February 22,
1593 ; from his earliest years was re-
garded by his family as a prodigy in-
deed ; had a revelation when but six
years of age, they said ; M. A., Cam-
bridge, 1613 ; traveled on the conti-
nent, 1613-18, and when he returned,
his brother John said, " His accom-
plishments surpassed all report and all
expectation." He bought two shares
in the Va. Co. from Sir William Smith,
March 17, 161 1 ; M. C. for Va. Co.,
1619 ; deputy treasurer from May 22,
1622, to July, 1624, during which time
(from December, 1623, to June, 1624)
he was having the copies of the Vir-
ginia records made, which are now
preserved in the librarv of Congress ;
M. P. for Lymingtoui^ 1624-25. In
1(525 he gave up his attempt to reg-
ulate worldly affairs, settled at Little
(lidding in Huntingdonshire, and es-
tablished the Arminan Nunnery there;
ordained a deacon by Bishop Laud on
Trinity Sunday, 1626 ; vicar of Little
CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH
FERRAR — FITZJAMES
891
Gidding, 1626, to his death, December
2, 1637. He was known as " the Prot-
estant Saint Nicholas," and was some-
times called " the useless enthusiast."
Ferrar, William, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Son of Nicholas, Sr. ;
born in 1594-95 ; educated for the
law ; came to Virginia in the Neptune
in 1618 ; married the widow of Sam-
uel Jordan ; M. C. in Virginia from
1625 to 1633. The date of his death
is not known to me. His wife was a
party to the first breach of promise
case in this country. As he was a
lawyer, he was probably her legal
adviser in the matter. Several inter-
esting particulars of the case have
been preserved. Her suitors were a
preacher. Rev. Greville Fooley, and a
lawyer. The preacher got the start ;
but the lawyer won.
Fetherstone, Henrie, stationer.
In 16J5 " Purehas his Pilgrimes in
Five Bookes " was " Printed by Wil-
liam Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone,
and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls
church-yard at the signe of the Rose."
Henrie Fetherstone died March 18,
1647.
Field, Mr. Warden (Richard),
stationer. Son of Henry Field, of
Stratford-upon-Avon, who was one of
the assessors of the estate of John
Shakespeare, the father of the poet.
Richard Field was apprenticed to
George Bishop, stationer, of London,
in 1579 ; printed the first edition of
Shakespeare's " Venus and Adonis " in
1593, and transferred his copyright
to Mr. John Harrison, Sr., July 25,
1594. He died about 1624.
Field, William, merchant-tailor, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25 5s.
Finch, Sir Moyle, 3. Sub. £75 ;
pd. £50. Of Eastwell, Kent ; born
about 1553 ; M. P. Weymouth, 1575-
83 ; knighted at Greenwich, Mav 7,
1584 ; M. P. Kent, 1593, and for Win-
chelsea, 1601 ; created a baronet, July
29, 1611. Died December 18, 1614.
He married Elizabeth, daughter of
Sir Thomas Heneage, and had issue
seven sons and four daughters.
Sir Moyle's sister Jane married,
October 8, 1582, George Wyatt, Esq.,
of Boxley, brother of Jane Wyatt
who married Charles Seott (see Scott
pedigree), and his brother, Sir Henry
Finch, was the father of Sir John
Finch, one of the counsel for Sir F.
Gorges in the dispute over the N. E.
charter in 1621, wliich Sir John was
the speaker, who was forced back into
the chair by .Holies and others on the
memorable, February 25, 162|.
Finch, Sir Heneage. Of Eastwell,
Kent ; son of Sir Moyle ; was an at-
torney at law; M. P. for Rye, 1607-11;
recorder of London, February 15, 1620,
to December 5, 1631 ; M. P. West
Looe, 1621-22 ; again admitted into
the Va. Co. of London, July 3, 1622.
(His first cousin. Sir Francis Wyatt,
had married the niece of Sir Edwin
Sandys.) Knighted at Wanstead,
June 22, 1623 ; created sergeant at
law, 1623; M. P. London, 1624-25,
1625, and 1626 ; speaker of the first
House of Commons of Charles I. in
1625. Died December 5, 1631, and
was buried at Raunston, Bucks. He
was the father of the first Earl of
Nottingham.
Fishborne, Richard, mercer, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Old Fuller
gives a sketch of him among liis
Worthies of Huntingdonshire. He
began life an apprentice to Sir Baptist
Hicks ; became a leading Mercer him-
self, and was a great benefactor to
his company and to mankind. Fuller
says, " Nor must it be forgotten how
this gentleman, lying on his deathbed
(when men are presumed to speak
with unmasked consciences), did pro-
fess that, to his knowledge, he had got
no part of his goods unjustly. No
man of his quality won more love in
health, prayers in sickness, and lam-
entation at his funeral ; dying a single
man, and buried in Mercers' Chapel,
May 10, 1625." The whole sum of
his benefactions amounted to nearly
£11,000, equivalent to nearly 6275,000
present values.
Fitch, Master Matthew. In the
first voyage to Vii'ginia, 1606-07 ; in
the first company to the F.-ills in May,
1607. Lost at sea in July, 1009.
Fitzhardinge, Viscount. — Charles
Berkeley.
Fitzjames, Master John, esquire,
etc. Of Leweston, Dorset; born about
1548 ; knighted at Lull worth, August
15, 1615 ; died May 16, 1625, and was
buried in the chancel aisle of the
church at Long Burton, Dorset.
Extract from his will, dated May 3,
892
FITZWILLIAM — FREAKE
1621, and approved July 7, 1625. . . .
" Item. I give to Alfred [or Aldred]
Fitzjames, my son, my bill of adven-
ture of £25 which I delivered in readie
money to Captain Sommeps when my
said son Alfred [or Aldred] went into
Virginia with him."
Fitzvyilliam, Walter, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. . M. P.
Peterborough, 1621-22 ; brother of
first Lord Fitzwilliam ; died s. p.
He was related to the Mildmays and
Sidneys.
Fleet, William, gent., 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Chart-
ham, Kent ; married Deborah Scott,
daughter of Charles Scott of Egerton,
Kent, by his wife, Jane Wyatt (see
Scott pedigree). He had issue : seven
sons and one daughter, viz. : George,
William, Henry, Brian, Edward, Rey-
nold, John, and Catherine. On July
3, 1622, he transferred to his daugh-
ter his three shares in Virginia. At
least four of his sons (Henry, f^dward,
Reynold, and John) were among the
early emigrants to Virginia and Mary-
land. All four of them were mem-
bers of the Maryland legislature of
1638, the first Assembly whose records
have been preserved. Capt. Henry
Fleet was the most noted of this
brotherhood in our annals. He came
to Virginia at an early date ; was cap-
tured by the Indians on the Potomac
in 1623 ; remained a captive until
1627 ; became familiar w^itli the In-
dian tongue ; an interpreter, trader,
and legislator in Maryland ; finally
settled at Fleet's Bay in Lancaster
County, Virginia, and represented the
county in the House of Burgesses,
1652. His daughter Sarah married
Edwin Conway of Lancaster County,
Virginia. Capt. Henry Fleet was first
cousin to the noted Dorothy Scott who
married, first, Major Daniel Gotherson
of Cromwell's arm}', and about 1655
became a Quaker preacher. She mar-
ried, secondly, Joseph Hogben, and
about 1680 settled on Long Island,
New York.
Fleet-wrood, Edward, esquire, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £62 10s.
Fleetwood, Sir William, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Missen-
den, Bucks ; eldest son of Sir William
Fleetwood, recorder of London. He
was knighted at Charterhouse, May
11, 1603 ; M. P. for Bucks, 1601-11,
1621-22, 1624-25, and 1628-29. Died
in 1630.
Fletcher, John, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. £75. He paid £62 10s., and
John Fletcher and Company paid £75
= £137 10s. Died in 1635. A bene-
factor of the Fishmongers; also a mem-
ber of E. I. and N. W. P. companies.
Floras, Marquis de le. See Zu-
niga.
Floyd (or Lloyd), David, £12 10s.
Forest, Sir Anthony, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Of Huntingdonshire ;
knighted at Whitehall, August 20,
1604.
Forest, Thomas, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£50. Came to Virginia in 1608.
Fotherby, Henry, secretary. Af-
ter of the N. E. Company.
Fox, Thomas, 2. Sub. ; pd.
. (Luke Lodge and Thomas Fox
paid £25.) Probably the Thomas Fox
who came to Virginia in 1608. I sup-
pose there was some relationship be-
tween Luke Lodge and himself, and
that Captain Luke Fox (Northwest
Fox, 1631) was of the same family,
and possibly related to John Foxe, the
martyrologist.
Foxall, Thomas, grocer, 3. Sub.
; £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Married
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William
Garaway ("Gargany " on her tomb) of
London. Died in 1647, buried in the
Churchyard at Lee.
Francis, Giles, gent., 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £50.
Francis, Thomas. Pd. £12 10s.
Frank, Peter, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. " Gentleman Usher
and dayly waiter to Queen Anne — the
which Peter dyed the 24. day of Oc-
tober, 1612." (Strype.)
Franklin, John, haberdasher, 2.
Snb. ; pd. £25. (The Franklins
of the Va. Co. were probably of the
family of that name seated at Willes-
don in Middlesex.)
Freake, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub.
£75; pd. £25. "Son of Robert Freke
of Shroton, Dorset, esquire, who was
for many years auditor of the Treas-
ury in the reigns of Henry VIII. and
Queen Elizabeth, and died worth a
plum, (£100,000) an immense fortune
in those times. His son Tiiomas, of
whom I write, of Ewern Courtney in
Dorsetshire, was " a person of consid-
FREEMAN — FROBISHER
893
erable note, great trust, and authority
in the County of Dorset in the times of
Elizabeth and James I." M. P. for
Dorchester in 1584-85 ; knighted at
Whitehall July 23, 1603 ; M. P. for
County of Dorset in 1GU4-11; M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1G07; M. C. for Va.
Co., 1G12 ; M. P. for the County of
Dorset in 1G14 and also in 1627-28.
Sir Thomas was born in 1563, and
died in 1633; married Elizabeth, widow
of Francis Smith, Esq., and only daugh-
ter and sole heir of John Taylor, alder-
man of London, by whom he was the
father of five or more children.
Freeman, Martin, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £75. One of
the wardens of the Fishmongers in
1606 ; interested in the Irish planta-
tion ; married Elizabeth, daughter of
Mathew Laurence, son of Sir Oliver
Laurence ; she bore in her arms, 2 and
3, the arms of Washington (vide Visi-
tation of Loudon, 1568). He was a
member of the E. I. Co.
Freeman, Ralphe, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . Son of INIartin aforesaid ;
was baptized as "Raiidolpe" at St.
Mary-at-Hill, London, July 6, 1589;
knighted at Windsor September 15,
1617 ; sworn a master of requests,
January 11, 1618. The king's pleas-
ure to grant the Massachusetts charter
was signified to the loi'd keeper by Sir
Ralpe, as " Auditor of Imprests " in
1628-29; a commissioner of the Mint
to Charles I.; lord of the manor of
Beechworth in Surrey; living in 1GG3.
Author of " Imperiale," a tragedy.
Freeman, Ralphe, clothvvorker, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £62 10s. Sou of
William Freeman, of Northampton;
born in 1560; member Muscovy, N. W.
P., and E. I. companies; master of the
Clothworkers in 1620 ; " farmed the
killing of whales in Greenland, etc.;
set forth 8 ships in 1621." Sheriff of
London, 1622—23 ; alderman of Bisli-
opsgate ward, 1622-32, and of Corn-
hill ward, 1632—34 ; lord mayor in
1633. Died in office, before knight-
hood, March 16, 1634 ; was buried in
St. Michael's, Cornhill, and after-
wards removed to Aspeden, County
Herts. He was on the Virginia Com-
mission of July 15, 1624.
Freeman, William. Probably the
younger brother of Sir Ralphe afore-
said. " William and Raphe Freeman "
contributed £25 to the American en-
ter{)rise ; but the elder brother of
Ralphe the clothworker was also named
William.
Fretchville, Sir Peter, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of Stavely,
County Derby; sheriff of Derby, 1601;
knighted at Worksop, xVpril 21, 1603;
M. P. for Derbyshire in 1601 and
1621-22.
Frith, Richard, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Came to Virginia in
lGOG-07.
Frobisher, Sir Martin. Son 6f Ber-
nard Frobisher by his wife Margaret,
daughter of Sir Richard Yorke, and
sister of Sir John Yorke (a member of
the Merchant Adventurers); born at
Altofts, Normanton, Yorkshire, about
15.35 ; on a voyage to Guinea, 1554 ;
probably made other voyages there ;
plundered the Flying Spirit from An-
dalusia in 1563 ; probably with Haw-
kins at Vera Cruz in 1567 ; served
with Gilbert in Ireland; preparing for a
Northwest, voyage of discovery, 1574 ;
the voyage " stayed ' ' for lack of money
in 1575; made the first voyage in 1576,
the second in 1577, and the third in
1578; projected a fourth voyage to the
Northwest in 1581, which resulted in
Fenton's voyage of 1582-83 ; with
Carleill proposed another voyage to
America in April, 1584; vice-admiral
of the Drake-Sidney voyage, 1585-
86; served against the Armada and
knighted in 1588; commanded vessels
employed against Spanish commerce,
1589-92. In 1594 he commanded
the squadron sent to aid Henry IV.
of France ; wounded at the attack
on Brest, November 7 ; returned to
Plymouth, and died there, where his en-
trails were interred ; his body was sent
to London and interred in St. Giles's
Church, Cripplegate, in February, 1595.
He married twice, but seems to have
left no issue. Peter Frobisher, his heir
and executor, sold Frobisher Hall to
Lionel Lord Cranfield. Frobisher's
second wife (whom he married in
1591) was Dorothy, daughter of
Thomas, first Lord Wentworth, and
widow of Paul Withypoole, Esq.
894
FULLER — GATES
Fuller, Nicholas, esquire. Pel.
£20. Barrister, of Gray's Inn ; cham-
pion for the Puritans; son of Nicholas
Fuller, of London, mercliant ; born
about 1545 ; M. F. for St. Mawe's
1592-93; M. P. for London, 1604-11.
Spoke against the union with Scot-
laud, February 14, IGOf. His argu-
ment for his clients, Thomas Lad and
Richard Maunsell, was published in
1607. In November, 1607, he was
lined £200 by the commissioners for
causes ecclesiastical. He paid his fine,
but submissions being expected which
he could not digest, he was imprisoned;
but was released on January 5, 1608.
(See " Lord Bacon's Letters and Life,"
by Spedding, vol. iv. p. 51, note.) M. P.
for London, 1614 ; admitted into the
E. I. Co. gratis. May 5, 1618 ; died
February 23, 1620, aged 76. He
married Sarah, daughter of alderman
Nicholas Backhouse.
Fulw^ood, ■William. (I take tliis
to be the author of " The Castel of
Memorie," " The Enimie of Idenesse,"
etc., who was a merchant and member
of the Merchant-Taylors' Company.)
Gallen-Ridgeway, Lord. — Thomas
Ridgeway.
Galthrope (Calthrope), Stephen.
Probably the head of the "entended
and confessed mutiny by Galthropp "
at the Canaries, March, 1607, in which
mutiny, Capt. John Smith v/as in some
way implicated.
Garaway — Garraway — Gar-
■way, "William, draper. Sub. £50;
pd. £100. Born 1537; married, about
1570, Elizabeth, sister of Sir Henry
Anderson, of London, was a leading
merchant ; member of the Muscovy,
E. I., and N. W. P. companies ; chief
treasurer of the customs ; knighted
at Theobald's, July 16, 1615; died Sep-
tember 26, 1625, aged 88 ; buried in
St. Peter the Poor, London. His son,
Sir Htniry, was the celebrated Royalist
Lord Mayor of London, 1640.
Gardiner, John, merchant 2. Sub.
; pd. £75. Of the E. I. Co.
Gardiner, Richard. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Garrard. See Gerrard.
Garraway. See Garaway.
Garsett, Robert, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Gate, Peter, grocer, 2. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £12 10s. "Late apprentice
to George Bone, sworn to freedom
January 16, 1603. Takes Paul Gate as
his apprentice March 26, 1604. Still
on Books, 1618." He married Mary,
daughter of Edward Josslyn, Esq.
Gates, Lady. Died on her way to
Virginia in 1611.
Gates, Sir Thomas, 1. Sub. ;
pd. £100. Said to have been born at
Colyford, in Colyton parish, Devon-
shire (Worth's " Hist, of Devonshire,"
p. 70). Saw service in the wars.
Was lieutenant of Capt. Christopher
Carleill's own company in the cele-
brated Drake-Sidney voyage to Amer-
ica, 1585-86 ; publi.shed the Briggs-
Croftes account of this voyage in 1589,
which he dedicated to the Earl of
Essex ; distinguished himself at the
taking of Cadiz, and was knighted by
Essex in June, 1596. July 20, 1597,
Essex sent him to Sir Robert Cecil
with an important message regarding
the Island voyage, in which voyage he
served, August-October, 1597 ; en-
tered Gray's Inn, March 14, 1598 ; in
public service at Plymouth, 1599.
Early in the reign of James I. sol-
diers were being enlisted in England,
both to serve the States and the Arch-
duke ; he enlisted with the States,
and in July, 1604, Sir Plenry Wotton
wrote by him to Sir Ralph Winwood,
saying, "I entreat you to love him
[Gates] and to love me too, and to
assure yourself that you cannot love
two honester men." One of the first
petitioners for royal license to colonize
America ; an incorporator of the first
charter, April 10, 1606 ; was in the
garrison at Oudewater in South Hol-
land with Dale in November, 1606 ;
petitioned the States for leave of ab-
sence to go to Virginia, which was
granted April ||, 1608 ; was selected
to command the large expedition then
being fitted out ; appointed the first
sole and absolute governor of the col-
ony ; added to His Majesty's Council
for the Va. Co. ; sailed in June ;
wrecked on the Bermudas Jvdy 28,
1609, and remained tliere until May
10, 1610, when he sailed to Virginia,
reaching there May 21 ; left Virginia
late in July, and reached England
early in September, 1610, giving the
first news of his own survival of the
tempest. Aided in preparing a con-
GATES
895
futation of the scandalous reports
(CXL). Again sailed for Virginia in
May, 1611, taking his wife and daugh-
ters ; but his wife dying on the way,
he sent his daughters back with New-
port in December following. He re-
mained in Virginia nearly three years,
and returned to England in April,
1614. He had brought his company
from the Netherlands, and had carried
it to Virginia with him in 1609, under
the command of Capt. George Yeard-
ley ; whether he brought it away from
Virginia or not I cannot say ; but after
aiding in answering the French com-
plaints, he returned to his post in
Holland, and was promptly paid all
past dues.
During 1619 he was serving on one
of the committees of the Va. Co. in
London. In November, 1619, Sir
Edwin Sandys, in a speech before the
Quarter Court of that company, said
that " Sir Thomas Gates had the
Honour to all Posterity of being the
first named in his Majesty's Patent
and Grant of Virginia, and was also
the first that, by his Wisdom, Industry,
and Valour, accompanied with exceed-
ing Pains and Patience, in the Midst
of Many Difficulties, had laid the
foundation of the present prosperous
State of the Colony."
About this time the governor and
council in Virginia asked that " Skilful
Engineers be sent over to raise fortifi-
cations," " and Sir Thomas Gates was
entreated by the Company, as well in
Regard of his military Skill as of his
knowledge of the country, to write
them his Private Letters of Advice and
Direction." Early in 1620 Gates was
one of the " Ancient adventurers,"
who " peticioned y" Right Hon"° the
Lords and the rest of ye Cow^lsayle
and bodye politique, for ye State of
his Majesties Collonye in Virginia to
have some man of qualitye sent Gov-
ernor unto Virginia." They were,
quite evidently, unwilling to serve
under Gates's old subordinate, Sir
George Yeardley. They "humblye
besech this Honorable Court to take
into consideration this our only Re-
quest (who otherwise finding them-
selves much disparagied and wronged
are resolved to abandon, and quitt the
Countrye & Action forevar) that some
eythar Noble, or little lesse in Honor
or Power may be maturelye advised
upon to maintayne and hold up ye
dignitye of so Great and Good a
Cawse."
From March to June (inclusive),
1620, (iates transferred to sundry per-
sons sixty shares of 100 acres of land
each, in Virginia. November 3, 1620,
he was appointed by James I. one of
" the first moderne and present Coun-
cill established at Plymouth, in the
County of Devon, for the planting,
ruling, ordering, and governing of
New England in America." January
13, 1621, Sir Dudley Digges, writing
from Amsterdam to Sir Dudley Carle-
ton at the Hague, " sends his love to
the honest Sir Thomas Gates," from
Avhich it may be inferred that he was
then in Holland. April 12, 1621, he
is alluded to in the records of the Va.
Co. as then dead. In 1623 fifty great
shares of land were still remaining in
his name in Virginia.
He had at least two sons, Thomas
and Anthony, and three daughters,
Margaret, Mary, and Elizabeth. On
April 24, 1626, Edmund Dawber,
gentleman, of " East Inynham," in
County Norfolk, and Margaret, daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Gates, of " Hold-
inge " in County Kent, were married
in the Church of St. Mildred the Vir-
gin, Poultry, London.
Capt. Thomas Gates, the son of
Sir Thomas, served in the expedition
of 1626 against Cadiz, and in 1627 at
the Isle of Rd and Rochelle, where
he was killed by a cannon shot. An-
thony, the other son, died before 1637;
his widow was then living. In 1637
the daughters, Mary and Elizabeth,
petitioned the Privy Council to order
payment to them of the arrears due
on their brother's (Capt. Thomas
Gates's) account ; and the lord treas-
urer was instructed by order of the
council to sign an order to that effect,
riiey alleged that they were " destitute
of means to relieve their wants, or to
convey themselves to Virginia, where
their father, Sir Thomas Gates, gov-
ernor of tliat Isle, died, and left his
estate in the hands of persons, who
had ever since detained the same." It
would seem from this that he died in
Virginia, and I have found no other
evidence of the place of his death.
" July 30, 1639. Report of the Sub-
896
GATES — GILBERT
Committee for Foreign Plantations to
the Privy Council. ' Upon Petition of
Edmund Davvber, administrator of the
Estate of Sir Thomas Gates, deceased
— that a similar letter to that written
to the Earl of Dorset and Danby,
bearing date November 30, 1632, be
addressed to the Governor and Coun-
cil of Virginia, on behalf of the peti-
tioner, for the full recovery of the
Estate hi that Colony, belonging to Sir
Thomas Gates, deceased.' "
I have, as yet, been unable to lo-
cate with any certainty the family of
Gates ; but as we find him (when he
must have been quite a young man)
hi service with Carleill and Essex, the
sons-in-law of Walsingham, I think we
may infer that he was not without
position and influence. He was prob-
ably about 50 years of age when he
sailed to Vii-ginia in 1609.
Gee, Sir "William, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Born 1540; an outer-bar-
rister of Lincoln's Inn ; M. P. for
Hull, 1588-89; Beverley, 1604-11;
knighted May 30, 1604 ; secretary to
Council of the North.
Geeringe — Gearinge — Green-
inge — Geriiige, John, grocer, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £112 10s. Of the
E. I. Co. Married Phebe, daughter
of Jo. Reeve, of London, goldsmith.
Gerrard — Garrett, George, es-
quire, 3. Sub. ; pd. . M. P.
for Wigan, 1621-22; Newton (I. W.),
1624-25 ; Preston, 1626 and 1628-29.
Gerrard — Garrard, John. Son of
Sir William, whom see. Born 1546;
sheriff, 1592 ; lord mayor and knight,
1601-02 ; died May 7,' 1625, aged' 79.
His son. Sir John, was created a bar-
onet February 16, 162^.
Gerrard, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Probably the eldest
son of Sir Thomas Gerrard, of Bryn ;
M. P. Liverpool, 1597 ; Lancashire,
1614 ; Wigan, 1621 ; created a bar-
onet. May 22, 1611 ; died in 1621.
Gerrard — Garrard, Sir William.
Son of John Garrard, citizen and gro-
cer, of London ; born in 1507 ; alder-
man, April 26, 1547 ; sheriff, August
1, 1552 ; lord mayor, September 29,
1555; knight, 1555. " A grave, sober,
wise, and discreet citizen equal with
the best and inferior to none of our
time." Died September 27, 1571, in
the " Parish of St. Christopher, but
was buried in the Church of St. Mag-
nus, as the parish where he was born
and a faire monument is there raised
on him."
He married Isabel, daughter and
co-heir of Julius Nethermill, Esq.,
and had issue : 1. William (Sir) who
died in 1607; 2. George, whose daugh-
ter married Sir Dudley Carleton ; 3.
John (Sir), (whom see); 4. Anne, who
married Sir George Barnes.
Gibbs, Thomas, esquire. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. M. C. for Va.
Co. prior to 1618. On " May 6, 1618,
Sir Eustace Hart surrendered unto
him a Bill of Adven. of £25, and for
that he paid in £12 10s. more had
allowed him 3 shares " in the Va. Co.
March 18, 1620, he transferred two
shares in Virginia " to his two sonnes
Edmond & Thomas Gibbs." He was
active in the company affairs, 1620-22 ;
also of the S. I. Co. ; on the Virginia
Commission, July 15, 1624; one of the
Council for Virginia, November 16,
1624, and after ; a commissioner for
the advancement of Virginia in 1631.
I think he married Isabella, daughter
of Rev. William Wilson, D. D.
Gilbert, Adrian. Of Sandridge;
son of Otho of Compton ; made a
voyage to the Northwest prior to 1583;
interested in the Northwest patent of
1584, in the Davis voyages, 1585-87,
and in the voyage of Cavendish,
1591 ; was constable of Sherborne
Castle, 1596-1603 ; M. P. for Brid-
port, 1597-98.
(An Adrian Gilbert married Mary
Johnson, spinster, at All Hallows'
Barking in 1577.)
Gilbert, BartholomeTV. Son of Sir
Humplirey. On the voyage to our
New I^ngiand coast, March 26 to July
23, 1602 ; sailed on a voyage to the
Chesepian Bay, May 10, 1603, and was
killed by the Indians on the eastern
shore of Virginia in July.
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey. Of Comp-
ton ; son of Otho Gilbert and his wife,
Katherine Champernoun, was " borne
in Devon at his father's house called
Greeneway upon Dart river about
GILBERT
897
1539 ; educated at Eton and Oxford ;
destined by his father to the law, but
followed Ins own bent for more active
enterprises." Devoted himself to the
study of navigation and the art of
war ; got his lirst reputation at Havre
in Normandy, where he was wounded
in fighting against the French Cath-
olics, September 26, 1563 ; petitioned
the queen for privileges for making
Northeast discoveries in April, 1566 ;
serving as captain under JSir Henry
Sidney in Ireland in July, 1566.
While in Ireland, Salva-terra tells
him of the Northwest passage. Peti-
tioned the queen for the privilege of
making Northwest discoveries in No-
vember, 1566 ; enlisting soldiers in
England for service in Ireland in
April, 1567, and soon went over ; i-e-
turned to England in the summer of
1568, and to Ireland again the next
year, where, after defeating the cele-
brated McCarthy More, he was made
governor of Munster in October, 1569;
knighted at Droglieda by Sir Henry
Sidney, January 1, 1570 ; returned to
England in the same year, and mar-
ried Joan, only daughter and heiress of
John Aucher of Otterden (see An-
thony Aucher, Esq.) by his wife, Ann,
daughter of Sir William Kelleway.
(Sir Humphrey afterwards sold the
manor of Otterden to William Lewin,
LL. U.) He was M. P. for Plymouth
in 1571 ; resided at Limehouse, 1571-
72 ; commanded the squadron sent to
reinforce Flushing in the autumn of
1572 ; returned to England in the fall
of 1573 ; living at Limehouse, 1573-
78 ; was still desirous of making new
discoveries in 1574. Visited by George
Gascoigne in the winter of 1574, he
showed him "sundry profitable and
very commendable exercises which he
had perfected plainly with his own
pen." One of these exercises was
probably " The Erection of (Queen
Elizabethe's) Achademy in London "
(printed by Dr. Furnivall in London,
1869) ; another was Gilbert's " Dis-
course of a Discovery for a New Pas-
sage to Cataia." Lock says that Gil-
bert printed a book regarding new
discoveries in May, 1575. Gascoigne
published, probably without Gilbert's
authority, his " Discourse of a Discov-
ery " in April, 1576. Gilbert was in-
terested in Frobisher's voyages of
1576-78 ; consulted Dr. John Dee,
November 6, 1577, and the same day
proposed to Elizabeth to attack the
shipping of Spain under color of a
patent for colonization in America ;
obtained a patent for planting an Eng-
lish colony in America, June 11, 1578 ;
sailed in the fall of that year, but was
soon forced to return; prepared to sail
in 1579, but was stayed ; returned to
Ireland in the summer of 1579 ; sent
John ^Valker to our coast in 1580, and
probably made other ventures, but the
data for these enterprises from May,
1579, to August, 1582, is very defi-
cient; consulting Dr. Dee in the fall of
1580, and in the same year made an
assignment for colonization to Sir
Thomas Gerrard and Sir George Peck-
ham ; examined sundry persons re-
gardiug America to the southwest of
Cape Breton, 1582 ; sailed on his voy-
age, June 11, 1583 ; landed in New-
foundland, August 4 ; sailed to the
southward, August 20 ; went down at
sea, September 9-10, 1583. He was
the father of one daughter and nine
(or five) sons, among whom were John
(the eldest), Bartholomew, and Ralegh
Gilbert.
Gilbert, John, of Greenway ; eld-
est son of Otho Gilbert. Knighted by
Queen Elizabeth at Westminster, 1571 ;
vice-admiral of Devon, 1585 ; mayor
of Plymouth, 1589; married Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Richai-d Chudleigh, of
Ashton, but died without issue. " This
eminent and learned man was interred
in St. Peter's Cathedral, Exeter, where
a sumptuous monument remains to his
memory."
Gilbert, Sir John. Eldest son of
Sir Humphrey Gilbert ; with Ralegh
in Guiana, in 1595 ; knighted by Es-
sex at Cadiz, 1596 ; governor of the
fort at Plymouth, 1597. Ralegh was
proposing to send an expedition imder
his command to Guiana in November,
1598. M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607.
He was an officer of reputation ; mar-
ried a daughter of Sir Richard Moly-
neux, of Sefton, but died witliout is-
sue, July 5, 1608, of the small-pox,
and was buried at Marldon Church.
His brother, Ralegh Gilbert, who
was then (July, 1608) in North Vir-
ginia, was his heir, and returned to
England to take charge of his estate.
Se serai letters from Sir Walter
898
GILBERT — GODOLFINE
Ralegh " to my nephew, Sir John Gil-
bert, knight," are still preserved.
Gilbert, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£62 10s. The inventor of a dredging
machine, called a water plough, and a
pump for draining mines ; licensed
July 16, 1618.
Gilbert, Otes or Otho. Of Comp-
ton (who was related to Sir Richard
Greenville) married Katherine Cham-
pernoun (who was first cousin to
George Carew, Earl of Totuess), and
had by her three sous: Johii Gilbert
of Greenway, Humphrey Gilbert of
Compton, and Adrian Gilbert of Sand-
ridge. Otho Gilbert died probably
before 1550, and his wife married,
secondly, Walter Ralegh of Fardell,
and bore him thi-ee children, name-
ly, Carew, Walter, and Margaret
Ralegh.
Gilbert, Ralegh, 1. Son of Sir
Humphrey Gilbert, brother of Sir John
Gilbert, aforesaid, and nephew of Sir
Walter Ralegh; an incorporator in the
first charter, April 10, 1606 ; presi-
dent of the Council in Kcrth Virginia,
1608; married Elizabeth, daughter and
heir of John Kelley, Esq., of Devon,
and was living in 1620, having then
five sons, the eldest of whom was five
years old; M. C. for New England in
1620. He died in 1625, leaving seven
children. His descendants, many of
them, are now living in Cornwall,
England.
Giles, Sir Edward. Of the Xorth
Virginia Company ; born at Totnes
about 1580, one of Prince's worthies,
aud a prominent Devonian throughout
a long career. A soldier in the Low
Countries, imder Elizabeth ; a cour-
tier, knighted by James I., Jidy 23,
1603 ; constantly chosen M. P. for
Totnes during the reigns of James I.
and Charles I. ; was a member of the
New England Council in 1620 ; was
one of the five members called to
court for remonstrating against ship-
money in 1634, but excused himself
on the score of ill health. Died in
1637, and was buried in Dean Prior
Church. The epitaph on his monu-
ment was written by Robert Herrick,
who was for many years vicar of
Dean. (Worth's " Devonshire.")
Gipps — Gypes, Thomas, cloth-
worker, 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
" Son of Thomas Gipps, of St. Edmonds
Bury in Com. Suffolke." He was mas-
ter of the Clothworkers in 1635.
Glanville, Francis, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Kil-
worthy, Devon ; eldest sou of Sir Johu
Glanville, justice Common Pleas. M.
P. for Tavistock, 1614, 1621-22, 1625,
and 1628-29 ; kmghted at Greenwich,
May 16, 1621. Died in 1638. His
younger brother, Sir Johu, was speaker
of the Short Parliament of 1640.
Glanville, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Probably a party to the
celebrated case in chancery, 1616.
Glover, Rev. Mr. "An ancient
Master of Arts in Cambiidge, an ap-
proved Preacher in Bedford and Hunt-
ingtonshire, reverenced and respected,
and never wanting a competent sti-
pend ; " sailed for Virginia with Sir
Thomas Gates in June, 1611, " but be-
ing in yeares, and of a weake consti-
tution, and so after zealous and faith-
ful performance of his Ministerial!
dutie whilst he was able, he gave his
soul to Christ Jesus, not long after
reaching Virginia."
Goddard, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Godolfine, Sir "William, 2. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. " Eldest son and
heir of Sir Francis Godolphin of Go-
dolphin, Cornwall, bj' his wife, Mar-
garet Killigrew ; was one of those
gentlemen of quality who accompa-
nied Robert, Earl of Essex, in his ex-
pedition to Ireland against the rebels
in 1599 ; and for his valour at Arclo,
was knighted by the said Earl on his
return to Dublin, July 13, 1599. He
set out with great reputation, having,
besides a very liberal education, trav-
eled into most parts of Europe, and at-
tained several languages. Mr. Carew
makes this honourable mention of him :
' That he had so enriched himself with
sufficiency for matters of Policy, by
his long travels ; and for martial af-
fairs, by his present carriage in Ire-
land, that it is better known how far
he outgoeth most others in both, than
easily to be discerned ; for which he
deserveth principal commendation.'
He had so far signalized himself by
his valour and conduct, that on the
Spanish invasion in 1600, he was in
such esteem with the Lord Montjoy,
Lord Deputy of Ireland, that he in-
trusted him with the command of his
GODOLFINE — GONDOMAR
899
own brij^ade of horse, in the decisive
battle of Kinsale, December 24, 1601,
which victory was principal!}" owing
to his gallant service, having broke
through the whole body of Spaniards,
entirely routed them, taking their
chief commander prisoner, whereupon
the Irish immediately threw away
their arms and fled. And when Don
John d'Aquila, commander of the
Spaniards in the town of Kinsale,
offered a parley desiring the lord-dep-
uty to send some gentleman of spe-
cial trust to confer with him and to
receive his proposals, he was employed
in the negotiation [related verbatim
by Stow in his Annals] which was
brought to a conclusion on January 2,
1G02, the Spaniards agreeing to quit
all places in that kingdom. He af-
terwards performed divers services
against the rebels, and on March 20,
1602, for the great trust reposed in
him, he was specially appointed to con-
fer with the Earl of Tyrone and re-
ceive (according to his request) his
humble submission to her majesty.
In the year 1603 he commanded in
the Province of Leinster ; and the
Irish rebels being subdued, he returned
into England soon after the death of
Queen Elizabeth, and in the first Par-
liament called by King James, he was
unanimously elected one of the knights
for the county of Cornwall."
M. P. for the county of Cornwall,
1605-11 ; M. C. for Va. Co., May 23,
1609. He was buried at Breage, Sep-
tember 5, 1613. His sister, Thomasin,
married Sir George Carew, afterwards
Earl of Totness. He married Thoma-
sin, daughter and heir of Thomas Sid-
ney, Esq., and had issue : thi-ee sons
and a daughter, Francis, Sidney, Wil-
liam, and Penelope. The eldest son,
Francis, was the father of Sidney, J^ai'l
of Godolphin, the celebrated prime
minister ; the second son, Sidney, was
a poet of some celebrity, and the third
son, William, was a colonel of a regi-
ment in the service of Charles I.
The daughter, Penelope, married Sir
Charles Berkeley, the oldest brother
of Sir William Berkeley, so long gov-
ernor of Virginia.
Gondomar, *' Don Diego Sarmi-
ento de Acuna, Count de Gondomar."
Spanish ambassador to England. Ed-
ward Edwards in his " Life of Ralegh,"
vol, 1. pp. 569-572, gives his pedigree,
also a biography of him, from which I
will extract : " He was born on All
Saints' Day in 1567 ; was serving
(though not actually in arms) against
Francis Drake in 1584. He served
against Portugal in 1589. He was
made civil and military governor of
Tuy in 1596, when the news came to
the Escurial of the sailing of the ex-
pedition under Essex and Ralegh. In
Galicia, he acquitted himself so much
to his master's satisfaction, that Philip
the Second soon afterwards made him
a knight of the order of Calatrava
and governor and alcalde of Bayoime;
with which he retained his important
command at Tuy. He also became
corregidor of Valladolid, and, event-
ually, a member of the Spanish Coun-
cil of State."
" In the first days of 1613 the Eng-
lish government was in expectation of
a Spanish invasion," and on January
10 the Council ordered the sheriffs to
search the houses of recusants for
arms ; but the Spaniards persuaded
themselves that the colony of Virginia,
which was the " bone of contention,"
would certainly die out of itself, and
they, resolving to leave the matter to
diplomacy rather than to arms, re-
placed their ambassador in England
by one of the ablest diplomatists in
their service, Don Diego Sarmiento de
Acuna (see Gardiner's " Hist, of Eng-
land," ii. pp 164, 165). He arrived at
Portsmouth late in July, and at Lon-
don in August, 1613. He found only
four survivors of the original pen-
sioners of Spain, " the Earl of North-
ampton, and Lady Suffolk, Sir William
Monson, the admiral of the narrow
seas, and Mrs Drummond, the first
lady of the bedchamber to the
queen." To these Sir Thomas Lake
was added within a few years, and
Gondomar became very intimate with
Sir Robert Cotton.
The following is a copy of one of
the last letters that I have from Gon-
domar relating to the American en-
terprise : ■ —
General Archives of Simancas. De-
partment of State, vol. 2596, folio 7.
November 28, 1616. Copy of an orig-
inal letter from Don Diego Sarmiento
de Acuiia to the King of Spain, dated
London, December 7, 1616.
900
GONDOMAR
« Sire, — I have told Y. M. of tlie
Colonies of Virgiuia and Bermuda
wliat is found in different dispatches ;
there is no news of importance, except
that here altho' they consider that of
Bermuda as of great importance ; on
the other hand, it is reported that the
mice have multiplied to such an extent
as to eat their wlieat and any other
grains which they sow, so that the
English who have gone there have en-
dured such suffering that five men
took a boat with four oars, with a sack
of bisquits and a barrel of water and
came to this place. It took them
nearly twenty days, having made the
voyage in a very short time and meet-
ing no storms, which has excited great
admiration at their happy escape, and
on this account they have been par-
doned. They speak now of sending
large supplies of provisions to Ber-
muda. I have heard that the people
on the island have sent some vessels
to plunder and provide themselves
with victuals in the countries nearest
to Y. M.'s subjects.
" In Virginia matters are said to go
on better since they have made peace
with the Indians ; but in spite of all
that they complain very much of the
misery endured there by the English,
who are there, and it must be so, for
the President of the Company of these
Colonies, having authority here to
take for their benefit any prisoners he
may choose among those who have been
condemned for criminal causes, has
had some who have preferred hanging
to going to Virginia. A few days ago,
when they were about to hang some
thieves, three of them, the soundest
and strongest, were chosen to go to
Virginia ; two of them accepted, but
the third would not, and seeing the
two returning to gaol, lie said ; Let
them go there, and they will remem-
ber me ! Then he urged the hangman
to shorten his work, as if he was thus
relieved of a greater evil, and thus it
was done. Here, however, they pre-
serve these places very carefully, as it
appears to them that they will be very
useful to England, if there sliould be
war with Spain. And I feel sure that
for this reason and for honour^s sake
they tvill never give them up. May God
preserve the Catholic person of Y. M.
as Christendom needeth it. London,
December, 7, 1616. DoN DiEGO
Sarmiento de Acuna."
He was created Count of Gondomar
in April, 1617 ; but remained in Eng-
until Jixly, 1618. Lorkin to Pucker-
ing, from Greenwich, June 16, 1618 :
"The Spanish ambassador [Gondo-
mar] took his leave here at court on
Sunday was sennight" (June 8th).
The same letter mentions the arrival
in London of Sir Walter Ralegh.
During his absence the Spanish sec-
retary, Julian Sanchez de Ulloa, was
the acting Spanish ambassador, and on
September 26, 1618, Philip III. wrote
to him that " the English king assured
Gondomar that he would either punish
Raleigh and his associates for the mis-
chief they had done in the Indies, or
send them to Spain for punishment."
Fray Diego de Laf uente (" Padre
Msestro "), Gondomar's confessor, was
also representing Spain in England
during the autumn of 1618.
Sanchez wrote to Philip III. from
London October ^ 1, 1618 : " The Eng-
lish ax"e very hastily settling and forti-
fying Bermuda and Virginia, sending
every year a number of men there,
and this year more than 700 persons
have already gone, taking with them
samples of various fruits to plant, and
a variety of fowls and cattle to raise
there, and a supply of artillery, am-
munition, and arms, and many tools to
erect earthworks and fortifications."
Gondomar returned to England in
March, 16.^9 (Philip III. died March
31. 1621, and was succeeded by Philip
IV.). I have a long letter written by
Gondomar, on January 23, 162 1, to
Secretary Juan de Ciriza regarding
the taking of the Spanish ship, Sancto
Antonio, at the Bermudas ; but Vir-
ginia is not mentioned. The new
Spanish ambassador, Don Carolo de
Columbo (Don Carlos Coloma), ar-
rived in England about the last of
April, 1622 ; Gondomar returned to
Spain in ]\Lay, 1622, and was never in
England again. He was made a coun-
cilor of state at Madrid in March,
162 1 . The assertion that James I.
annulled the Va. charter at the in-
stance of Gondomar is incorrect.
When the charter was declared null
and void by Chief Justice Lee, Gon-
domar had been absent from England
for more than two years. Spain's de-
SIR THOMAS SMITH
GONDOMAR — GORGES
901
mands were really against the colony,
not the company. Spain's strongest
point had been that her territory was
being settled by a mere company of
English adventurers. The annulling
of the charter, and taking the colony
more immediately and publicly under
the protection of the crown of Eng-
land was the conclusive answer to this
point ; and the act was rendered nec-
essary at this time, as well by the war
then existing with Spain as by the
factions which existed in the Va. Co.
In fact, every member of the Council
of War (April 21, 1624) was in-
terested in Virginia, namely : Lord
Grandison, Lord Carew, Lord Brooke,
Lord Chichester, Sir Edward Conway,
Sir Edward Cecil, Sir Horace Vere,
Sir John Ogle, Sir Robert Mansell,
and Sir Thomas Button.
Gondomar died at Bommel in Flan-
ders iu 1025. " He told a merry tale;
read Shakespeare's plays, subscribed
for a First Folio; liked English wines;
assured Sir John Digby that he was
an Englishman at heart ; was very
gallant to the ladies ; " and " became
all things to all men." Granger says,
" Perhaps there never was a man who
had so much art as Gondomar, with so
little ajjpearance of it."
Gonsou, Benjamin. Of Much
Badow iu Essex. Treasurer of the
marine causes. Elizabeth wi'ites of him
as " our well-beloved cousin, Benjamin
Gunson, Treasurer of our Admiralty."
He married " Ursula, daughter of An.
Hussey, judge of the admiralty, and
agent at Anvers to Queen Mary," by
whom four sons and ten daughters.
(See "Visitation of Essex," Harl.
Soc. Pub.) Of the daughters, Avice
(or Katherine ?) married Sir John
Hawkins, and Thomazine married,
first, Capt. Edward Fenton, and, sec-
ondly, Christopher Browne, of Sayes
Court, whose granddaughter, Marv,
married John Evelyn (16::0-1706), the
virtuoso.
Goodere — Goodyear, Sir Hen-
ry, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. -.
(There were two knights of this name:
one knighted at Dubliji August 5,
1599, the other at Lamore in June,
liiUS.)
Goodwin, Sir Francis, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of Upper
Winchenden, Bucks. M. P. Bucks
County, 158G-87; Wycombe, 1588-«9;
Bucks' again, 1597-98, and 1UU4 till
he resigned in 1600, when tlected
for Buckingham town, 1606-11 ; for
the county again in 1614, 16i5, and
1626.
Gore, Robert, merchant-tailor, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Also of N.
W. P. Co. Robert and Ralph Gore
were brothers, sons of Gerrard Gore
of London, alderman, who died De-
cember 11, 1607. Ralph joined the
Va. Co. soon after 1612, and was one
of the directors of the company iu
1618. His brothers William and John
were also members prior to 1020, and
Thomas Gore, who died in Virginia
August 16, 1607, was probably another
brotlier. John Gore was Lord Mayor
of London in 1624. The four broth-
ers, Robert, Ralph, William, and John,
were also of the E. I. Co.
Extract from the Gorges Pedi-
gree. — Sir Edward Gorges, who tlied
in February, 155 S, married Mary,
daughter of Sir Anthony Poyntz, and
had by her, with others : (1) Sir Wil-
liam, (2) Sir Thomas, and (3) Ed-
mund.
(1.) Sir William Gorges, who died
in 1584, married Winifred Budocks-
head, first cousin to Sir Walter Ra-
legh, and they were the parents of Sir
Edward Gorges, buried iu Westminster
Abbey, 1625.
(?.) Sir Thomas Gorges, who died
in 1610, married Helena Shackeuburg,
a Swede (widow of William Parr,
Marquis of Northampton), (see West
pedigi-ee), and had by her, with others,
Edward Lord Gorges, Elizabeth (who
married, first. Sir Hugh Smythe, sec-
ondly. Sir Ferdinando Gorges), and
Bridget, who married Sir Robert Phil-
ips of Montacute, Somerset.
(3.) Edmund Gorges, Esq., who died
in 1557, was the father of Edward,
who married, in 1559, Cicely Lygon,
and had by her two sons. Sir Ferdi-
nando and Sir Edward (born 1564,
died 16i4), who married Dorothy,
daugliter of Sir G. Speke.
Gorges, Ed-wrard. I take this to
be either the son of Sir William or the
brother of Sir Ferdinando (see pedi-
gree), both of whom were knighted
in 1603. (See p. 14.)
Gorges, Edward Lord. Of the
North Va. Co. Eldest son and heir of
902
GORGES
Sir Thomas Gorges (see pedigree).
He was born iu 1582 ; kuighted April
9, 1603 ; created a baronet of England
November 25, 161 1', and advanced to
the peerage of Ireland July 13, 1620,
as Baron Gorges of Dundalk, County
Louth. Was a member of the New
England Council, November 3, 1620,
and continued to take an active inter-
est iu that council and colony. He was
chosen president of the council, and
held that office iu April, 1635, at the
time of the resignation to the crown
of the Great Charter of New England.
He was still living and still interested
in colonization in November, 1638.
The date of his death is not known to
me. He was succeeded by his son
Richard, second Lord Gorges, who was
for a time one of the council for for-
eign plantations. He died in 1712 in
his 93d year. Married Bridget, daugh-
ter of Sir R. Kingsmill, but left no
surviving issue.
Gorges, Sir Ferdinand©. Son of
Edward Gorges (1537-68) and his
wife. Cicely Lygon, of Madresfield,
Worcestershire (see pedigree) ; born
about 1566 ; served at Sluys in 1587 ;
knighted bv Essex before Rouen in
October, 1591 ; M. P. for Cardigan,
1592-93 ; " Governor of the Forts of
Plimouth " prior to 1597, in which
year he was sergeant-major in the
fleet sent to the lies of Azores, under
Essex, in which voyage he was very
sick ; in some way implicated in the
so-called " Rising of the Earl of Es-
sex," February 8, 1601, and was for
a time confined as a prisoner in the
Gatehouse. He is said to have re-
vealed the plot to Cecil and Ralegh,
for which act he is blamed by some
and commended by others. It Avas
in connection with this fracas that
Ralegh had his quarrels with Gorges
and Preston. He was deprived of
the command of the New Fort at
Plymouth about July, 1603 ; but on
" Sept. 1.5, 1603, he was restored to his
former post," etc., and he continued in
this office for many years. He aided
in sending out the Weymouth expedi-
tion of May-July, 1605 ; and continued
to take an active and earnest interest
in America as long as he lived. He
was a member of his Majesty's Coun-
cil for Virginia from the first. Was a
member of Lord Rich's African Conx-
pany, November 16, 1618 ; member
of the South Va. Co. prior to Novem-
ber 17, 1619. In December, 1619,
he had some decided ditierences with
]Mr. Delbridge and the Va. Co. of
London, regarding the fisheries about
Cape Cod, within the bounds of the
Northern Company, and on March
3, 1620, the North Colouj^ asked for
a separate or special charter with ad-
ditional privileges, etc., as the South
Colony had done eleven years before.
INlarch 31, 1620, Sir Ferdinando Gorges
was one of the arbitrators chosen by the
Earl of Warwick, in settling the dif-
ferences between the said earl and the
E. I. Co., regarding the taking of the
Lion, Capt. Thomas Jones (a ship be-
longing to the earl), in the East Indies;
attended the quarter court of South
Va. Co., June 28, 1620. The warrant
for preparing the new charter for the
Northern Company was issued July 23,
1620. The Mayflower, Capt. Thomas
Jones, was sent out by the Southern
Company in August, 1620, with a pa-
tent for lands within the bounds of
that colony, which did not extend
north of 40° north latitude. The new
charter for the North Colony passed
the seals and was issued November 3,
1020, granting to that company the
lauds north of the Southern Colony,
that is, from 40° to 48° north latitude.
Sir Ferdinando Gorges was a member
of His Majesty's first Council for New
England, named in the said charter of
November 3, 1620. Although the
Northern Company had strengthened
their rights to the Cape Cod fisheries,
by planting a colony as near there as
convenient as well as by the new char-
ter, the question was not settled ; but
was taken before Parliament in 1621,
where the rights of the Northern
Company were defended by Gorges.
June 1, 1621, he was one of the
signers of the first Plymouth patent.
July 27, 1621, he requested the E. I.
Co. to loan him " certain stores for a
ship he is building of a new fashion,
such as the East India Company might
make use of, and that he hoped to find
a way to out-sail the Dutch." "Au-
gust 29, 1621, the East India Company
lent 2,000 trenails to Sir F. Gorges,
captain of His Majesties Castle at
Plymouth." In this year 1621, Capt.
Samuel Argall, Gorges, and others
GORGES
903
protested against the Dutch settling
in certain parts of America.
In 1022 he sent his son Robert, with
a large patent for lands, to '* Messa-
chuset " in Xew England.
In June, 1024, he was intending to
send his son on an expedition fitted
out in New England, to annoy the
Spaniards, in their possessions in the
West Indies.
He was a regular attendant at the
meetings of the Council of New Eng-
land, serving as governor and as treas-
urer. In 102-1 he answered the French
claim to Xew England.
July 15, 1024, he was one of the
commissioners for winding up the Va.
Co. of London, and was afterwards a
member of the Council for His Ma-
jesty's Colony of Virginia.
" In 1025 he commanded a ship-of-
war in a squadron under orders from
the Duke of Buckingliam, which was
sent to the assistance of France, under
pretense of being employed against
the Genoese. But a suspicion having
arisen that they were destined to assist
Louis against his Protestant subjects
at Rochelle, as soon as they were ar-
rived at Dieppe, and found that they
had been deceived, Gor^^es was the
first to break his orders, and return
with his ship to England. The others
followed his example, and their zeal
for the Protestant religion was much
applauded."
November 17, 1629, the Council for
New England granted, by indenture,
to Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt.
John Mason certain lands upon the
rivers of the Irroquois, wiiich tb.ey
intended naming the Province of La-
conia.
During 1632 began some differences
in the N. E. Council and Colony,
which I cannot discuss ; as a final
result, on April 25, 1035, the Great
Charter was surrendered to the king,
and the next day the king appointed
Sir Ferdinando Gorges governor of His
Majesty's Colony of New England. He
was a member of the Church of Eng-
land, and many leading men in tlie
colony were Puritans ; naturally there
were differences of opinion between
them, wiiich I cannot attempt to de-
cide.
April 3, 1639, certain lands in New
England were granted to Sir Ferdi-
nando, " to be hereafter called the
Province of Maine; " and to this prov-
ince he chiefly devoted his remaining
years.
" When the civil dissensions in Eng-
land broke out into a war. Gorges took
the royal side ; and, though then far
advanced in years, engaged personally
in the service of the crown. He was
in Prince Rupert's army at the siege
of Bristol in 1043 ; and when that
city was retaken in 1045 by the Parlia-
ment forces, he was plundered and
imprisoned. His political principles
rendered him obnoxious to the ruling
powers, and, when it was necessary for
him to appear before the Commission-
ers for foreign Plantations, he was
severely frowned upon, and conse-
quently discouraged."
He died at Long Ashton, Somerset,
and was buried there. May 14, 1647.
I have only attempted a mere out-
line of the services of Sir Ferdinando
Gorges in the matter of our genesis.
He is said to have expended £20,000
(.S500,000) in the Northern Colonies,
being a principal agent, and chiefly
interested in them for forty odd
years, and from the beginning.
He married, first, February 24, 1590,
Ann, daughter of Edward Bell, of
Writtle, Essex. She died August 6,
10^0, and was buried in St. Sepulchre's,
London. He had issue by her four
sons and two daughters. Married, sec-
ondly, December 21, 1621, Mary,
daughter of Thomas Fulford, Esq. ; she
died in 1623, without issue. Married,
thirdly, December 6, 1627, Elizabeth,
daughter of Tristram Gorges, and
widow, first, of Edward Courtney,
secondly, of William Blythe ; she died
in March, 1029, without issue. Mar-
ried, fourthly, September 23, 1629,
" Madame Elizabeth Smyth de Long
Ashton." She was the daughter of
Sir Thomas Gorges (see pedigree).
Sir Ferdinando's fourth " venture "
survived him, but had no issue by
him. He had children by his first
wife only, namely : John, born 1593 ;
married, first. Lady Frances Clinton ;
secondly, Mary, daughter of Sir John
Meade. Robert, sometime governor
of New England. Ellen and Honoria.
Both daughters died young ; the otlier
two sons, both named George, died
young, I believe.
904
GORING — GREENE
Goring, Sir George, Sub. ;
pd. £25. Knighted at Greenwich,
May 29, 1608 ; M. P. Lewes, 1621-22,
1624-25, 1625, 1626, and 1627-28 ;
created Baron Goring in 1628, and Earl
of Norwich, 1646. Distinguished roy-
alist, and father of the celebrated Gen.
George Goring. He married Mary,
daughter of Edward Neville, Baron
Abergavenney ; died in 1662 or 1663.
Gosnold, Anthony, Sr. (see next),
brother of Capt. Bartholomew Gos-
nold, w^as drowned in James River, Vir-
ginia, in January, 1609.
Gosnold, Anthony, the Younger,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Son of An-
thony, Sr. (Mem. — There was a fam-
ily of the name at " Swvland in Com.
Suffolk." See " Vis. of London," Harl.
Soc, 1883, vol. ii. p. 176.) He went
to Virginia in 1606 with his uncle and
father ; October 30, 1621, the company
granted him three shares of land in
Virginia for his adventures, and on the
same day he transferred one share to
Robert Gosnold, and another to Roger
Castle. In February, 1601, a Robert
Gosnold was implicated in the Essex
rising, and confined for a time in the
" Marshalsey," the same, probably,
who was afterwards captain of St.
Andrew's Castle, County Hants.
Gosnold, Captain Bartholomew.
He served Sir Walter Ralegh in one
or more expeditions to America. In
1602 he made a direct voyage to our
New England coast. In December,
1606, he sailed for the South Virginia
Colony, Avhere he died August 22, 1607.
The solicitor-general in the reign of
Edward VI. was a Mr. Gosnold, prob-
ably of the same family.
Gouge — Goughe. Thomas, gent.,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; £37 10s.
Gouge, William, D. D., Puritan
divine. Born December 25, 1578;
educated at King's College in Cam-
bridge ; minister of St. Anne's, Black-
friars, in London, 1608-53; a cousin of
Rev. Alexander Whitaker of Virginia ;
he took an especial interest in, and
care of, the Virginia Indians sent to
London. He was a member of the
celebrated Westminster Assembly of
divines, 1643. Died December 12,
1653. " He came to his grave in a
full age, like as a shock of corn Com-
eth in his season." (See Dr. William
Whitaker.)
Gourges, Dominic de. Died in
1593, on his way to London.
Gower. See Gore.
Grantham, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of St. Cath-
erines, Lincolnshire ; knighted April
23, 1603 ; M. P. Lincoln, 1604-11 and
1614 ; Lincolnshire, 1624-25 ; Lincoln
again, 1625, 1626, and 1628-29.
Graves, Thomas, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25 ; went to Virginia in
the Mar}- and Margaret in 1608 ; a
member of the first House of Burgesses
in America (for Sniythe's Hundred),
July 30, 1619 ; living on the Eastern
Shore in 1620 ; a burgess for Accow-
macke (Northampton) in 1629-32 ;
a commissioner in 1621-32 ; and a
member of the first regular vestry
of the parish, Septeniber 14, 1635.
He was possibly the father of John
Graves, who wrote " A Song of Sion,
by a Citizen thereof whose outward
habitation is in Virginia. 1652."
Gray — Grey, Lady Elizabeth, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Second daughter
and sole heir of Gilbert, Earl of
Shrewsbury, and wife of Henry Grey
de Rutliyn, son and successor of
Charles, the seventh Earl of Kent.
She married, secondly, John Selden.
Gray. Sir John, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £12 10s. Knighted by Essex at
Cales in 1596 ; M. P. Grampound,
1601, and Aldborough, 1610-11.
Grey, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Transferred his two shares in
Virginia to Richard Baynam on June
28, 1620.
Gray, Robert, author. (Probably
the author of " An Allarum for Eng-
land." Licensed to John Budge, Jan-
uary- 26, 1609. A person of this name
was the schoolmaster at the Charter-
house, 1624-26.)
Greene, Laurence, grocer, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. " Late ap-
prentice with Mr. Alderman Brooke ;
sworn to freedom January 26, 1592 ;
admitted to livery, 1601 ; elected on
the Court of Assistants .July 26, 1611 ;
was second warden in 1615." (From
Grocers' Records.) Also of E. I. and
N. W. P. companies. In October,
1641, Laurence Greene, merchant,
petitioned the Privy Council, for a
warrant for the transportation of
twenty passengers and provisions to
Virginia, where he had twenty-four
GREENVILLE — GREVILLE
905
servants ; the license was granted
October 20, 1(341, and the provisions
were transported to Virginia in the
Mayflower.
Greenville — Grenville — Gran-
ville, Bernard, es(]uire. Eldest son of
Sir Richard Greenville, of Stow, who
bronght the first colony to Roanoke.
He was sheriff of Cornwall in lii'JG ;
M. P. for Bodmin, 1597-98. Jannary
16, 1598, Ralegh wrote to Lord Burgh-
ley, asking to have " Mr. Barnarde
Grenville " made one of the deputy
levetenantes in Cornwall, saying, " the
gentleman is very sufficient, and the
rest shall receive great ease thereby ;
and her Majesties service the better
performed." AL C. for Va., March 9,
1607 ; knighted by Lord Deputy Chi-
chester, in Ireland, November 5, 1608;
one of his majesty's tenants in Ireland,
1611, etc. ; buried at Kilkhampton,
June 26, 1636. He married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Philip Bevil, Esq.,
and had issue four sons and two
daughters ; one of the sons. Sir Bevil
Granville, the boldest of the Cavalier
leaders, the Bayard of England, was
grandfather of the celebrated George
Granville, Lord Lansdowne.
Greenville ^ — ^Greenefield, Cap-
tain IldvT^ard. Son of Richai'd Greine-
ville, of Wotton, esquire. He was born
July 4, 1561 ; was first captain of a
pinance called the Swallow, and after
of a bark called the Thomas, under
Sir Francis Drake. He died at Car-
thagena, South America, unmarried.
Greenville, Sir Richard, son of
Sir Roger Granville, an esquire of the
body to Henry VIII., and his wife
Thomasine, daughter of Thomas Cole,
Esq., of Slade in Devon, was born iu
1540 ; at an early age, by permission
of Queen Elizabeth, he entered the
imperial army in Hungary, and at-
tained high reputation for his achieve-
ments against the Turks ; M. P. for
Cornwall in 1571, and for Launceston,
1572 to 1583 ; interested in new dis-
coveries, 1574 ; knighted at " Winde-
sore " in 1577 ; sheriff of Cornwall,
1578 ; aided in sending out Amadas
and Barlow, 1584 ; M. P. for Corn-
wall, 1584—85; and served on the com-
mittee for confirming Ralegh's patent;
took the first colony to Virginia, April
to October, 1585 ; made a voyage to
supply them, April to December, 1586;
took Spanish prizes on each voyage ;
member of the council of war pre-
paring to meet Spain, 1587; serving
against the Armada, 1588. In 1591 he
was vice-admiral of the fleet sent un-
der Sir Tiiomas Howard to intercej^t
the Spanish Plate fleet, and " closed
a noble life in the stoutest sea-fight
ever waged." He "gave up the ghost
with great and stout courage, and no
man could perceive any true sign of
heaviness in him." He married Mary,
daughter and co-heir of Sir John St.
Legei", and their eldest son was Ber-
nard (ireenville (whom see).
Green-well, William, merchant-
tailor, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £100.
Of the E. I. and N. W. P. companies ;
contractor to supply cordage to the
navy, etc. He was added to the
King's Council for the Va. Co. ; was a
director of the N. W. P. Co., and dep-
uty^-governor of the E. I. Co. He
died iu 1621. Was of St. Gabriel,
Fenchurch, London ; married, in 1582,
Ellen Kettell, spinster.
Gresham, Sir Thomas. Born in
London, 1519 ; king's agent at Ant-
werp, 1552 ; knighted by Queen Eliz-
abeth, 1559 ; Gresham' s Exchange,
1569 ; interested in Frobisher's voy-
ages, 1576—78 ; planned Grcsham's
College in 1575 ; died in London,
November 21, 1579. He was one of
the greatest merchants of his time.
(See his life by Burgon.)
C^^^'^^'Y^
rp-
Greville, Sir Fulke. Son of Sir
Fidke Greville, Sr., by his wife Anne,
daughter of Ralph Neville, Earl of
Westmoreland, was born at Alcaster,
in Warwickshire, in 1554.
He was a kinsman to 'Sir Henry
Sidney, the father of Sir Philip, and
to Sir Francis Walsingham. About
1564 or 1565 he was at school with his
cousin Philip Sidney, at Shrewsbury.
From thence, it seems, he went to
Jesus College in 1568, and not to
Trinity College, in Cambridge ; thence
to his travels on the continent, etc.
One of the sponsors for Penelope
West, September 9, 1582 ; U. P.
Heydon, 1584-85. Sidney's scheme
for colonizing America ; with Sidney
906
GREVILLE — GULSTONE
about to embark for America in July,
1585.
M. P. for County Warwick in Par-
liaments of 1592-93, 1597-98, and
1601. Speed says, " He was many times
elected knight of the shire, with that
thrice worthy and honoured knight. Sir
Thomas Lucy. A better choyse the
Countie could not make ; for they were
learned, wise, and honest." Served
Henry IV. in 1591; knighted October,
1597. "Treasurer of 5larine Causes
for life in 1599, and is said to have
accepted about the same time a com-
mission as rear-admiral in the fleet,
which was then eqiujjped to resist a
second invasion threatened by the
Spaniards." He was consulted by
Queen Elizabeth before she granted
the charter to the E. I. Co. in 1600 ;
Knight of the Bath at the coronation
of King James, July 25, 1603 ; M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1607 ; chancellor
and under-treasurer of the exchequer,
1614 to 1621. Admitted into the E. I.
Co. in 1615, and into the Va. Co. of
London, December 17, 1617.
M. P. for County Warwick, 1620-21,
till peer. He was created Baron
Brooke of Beauchampe Court, Janu-
ary 19, 1621, and soon after made
lord of the bedchamber.
He founded a Professorship of
History in Cambridge in 1628. His
will is dated Eebruary 18, 1628. He
never married. Died at Brooke House,
Holborn, from a wound received from
one of his servants, September 30,
1628, in his seventy-fifth year. " His
body was laid in his own vault, in
the great church at Warwick, under a
monument, which he had erected him-
self, with this remarkable inscrip-
tion ; —
FtTLKE GrEVILLE.
Servant to Queen Elizabeth,
Councillor to King .Tames,
and Friend to Sir Philip Sidney.
Trophaeum Peccati."
" One great argument of his merit
was his regard to that of others, desir-
ing to be known to posterity under no
other character than that of Sliake-
speare's and Ben Jonson's ^Master, Lord
Chancellor Egerton's and Bislu)]) Over-
al's Patron, and Sir Philip Sidney's
Friend." (Lloyd.)
His cousin and heir, Robert Greville,
second Lord Brooke, was one of tlie
fouii'lers of Saybrook in Connecticut.
Grey. — See Gray.
Grobham, Sir Richard. Sub. £75;
pd. £50. Of Wishford, County Wilts;
the son of Nicholas Grobham, Esq., of
Bishop's Lydiard, Somerset ; knighted
at Royston, April 1, 1604 ; married
Margaret, daughter of William Whit-
more, of Buldwas, Shropshire, and
London (who married Anne, daugh-
ter of Alderman Sir William Bond),
and sister of Sir George Whitmore.
M. C. for Va. Co., 1612. He died in
1629, without issue. His sister and
heir, Jane Grobham, married John
Howe, Esq., and was ancestor of the
Viscounts Howe.
Gryce, Nicholas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Guercheville, Antoinette de
Pons, Madame La Marquis de.
" Lady of Honor to the Queen of
France " (Marie de Mddici).
Gulstone — Goulston, Dr. Theo-
dore. A celebrated phj sician ; born
in 1572; educated at Merton College,
Oxford, where he took his doctor's
degree April 30, 1610 ; after which
he became fellow (December 29, 1611)
and censor of the College of Phy-
sicians, and practiced his profession
with great celebrity in London. Sep-
tember 6, 1614, he was sworn a free
brother of the E. I. Co., gratis, at the
request of Sir Edwin Sandys, whose
life he had saved ; and on September
11, 1614, Lorkin wrote to Puckering :
"The Archbishop [George Abbot]
hath been lately in great danger of
death, from a fish's bone, which stuck
in his throat as he was one day at din-
ner, and could not a long time be re-
moved. The doctors gave him over as
desperate ; yet, at length. Dr. Gulston
found means to relieve him."
" Ultamatamakin (commonly called
Tomacomo), one of Pohatans councel-
lours, that came over with Dale, was a
frequent guest at Master Doctor Gold-
stone's in 1616, where he sang and
danced his diabolicall measures, and
discoursed of his Countrey and Re-
ligion."
June 14, 1619, Dr. Gulstone was
appointed on the committee of the
Va. Co., concerning the college in Vir-
ginia.
December 15, 1619, he bought six
shares of land in Virginia from John
Cage, Esq., three shares from Peter
GULSTONE — HAKE WELL
907
Bartle, and one share from John
Payne, gent.
In July, 1621, he recommended to
the Va. Co. Dr. John Potts for the
jjhysician's place in Virginia, vacated
by the death of Dr. Lawrence liohiin.
He died May 4, 1G32, and left by
his will iI200 to purchase a rentcharge
for the endowment of a pathological
lecture, to be delivered yearly in the
College of Pliysieians of London ;
which lecture now liears his name. He
was distinguished as a Latin and Greek
scholar ; translated several works from
the Greek into Latin, two of which he
published during his life, and a third
was edited, after his death, by his
friend the Rev. Thomas Gataker
(1574-1654).
He married Helen Sotherton, daugh-
ter of George Sotherton, a mercliaut-
tailor and M. P. for London, who died
in 1599.
Guy, John. N. Fid. Co. ; a mer-
chant of Bristol trading to Newfound-
land. He wrote a treatise in 1609, to
animate the English to plant in that
island ; was an incorporator of the
company in 1610, and governor of, and
living in, Newfoundland, 1610-12. He
was an alderman and mayor of Bristol,
and M. P. for that city in 1621-22,
" when the monies collected in Bristol
for the Palatinate were transmitted to
John Whitson and himself, to be by
them paid to the proper authorities."
He was also one of the arbitrators
with Whitson in November, 1626, in
the Callowhill case.
Gwinn. See Winne.
Gypes. See Gipps.
Hackshawe, Thomas. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Hackwell. See Hakewell.
Haiw^ard — Hayward — Haward
— Heyw^ard, etc.. Sir George, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 lOs. Son of Sir
Thomas Smythe's sister, Catharine, by
her first husband, Sir Rowland Hay-
ward ; knighted at Theobald's in 1604.
Chamberlain wrote to Mrs. Alice
Carleton on February 16, 1(>14 : " Sir
George Haywood, the Lady Scott's
son by old Rowland, is fallen mad."
Haw^ard, James, merchant, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s.
HaiTvard (Hayward, etc.), John.
(There were evidently three members
of this name in the Va. Co., namely,
(1) John Hayward or Master John
Hayward, (2) Rev. John, or John,
clerk, or John, minister, and (3) Sir
John Haiward, knight. They paid in
all £112 10s.)
Hayward, Master John, the his-
torian, was born in SuH'olk in 1560 ;
was D. C. L. of Cambridge ; pleader
in ecclesiastical courts. Ihe first part
of his "Life and Raigne of King
llenrie the IV." was publislied in 159i).
Elizabeth was displeased with the
book, and ordered Bacon to search it
for treasons. He reported no treason,
but many felonies ; for the author
" had stolen many of his sentences and
conceits out of Cornelius Tacitus."
He was historiographer of Chelsea
College in 1610 ; wrote the lives of
the three Norman kings (William I.
and II. and Henry I.) of England for
Prince Henry, which w'ere published
in 1613 ; knighted November 9, 1619;
M. P. for Bridgenorth, 1621-22, and
for Saltash, 1626 ; married Jane,
daughter of Andrew Paschal, Esq., of
Springfield, Essex. He died in Lon-
don, June 27, 1627, and was buried in
Great St. Bartholomew's. His will is
dated March 30, 1626, and was proved
June 28, 1627. " His Life of Edward
VI. " was published, after his death, in
1630.
Haivvrard (etc.), Rev. John, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. (In Stith's list of mem-
bers in the second charter he is called
" John HowaTd, clerk ; " in the list of
subscribers, " John //e?/ward, mynis-
ter ; " in the Somers Islands charter,,
"John Hayward or Hevward, clerk.").
Author of " The Strong' Helper, 1614,"
etc.
Haiward, Sir John, 3. Sub. £75.
Second son of Sir Rowland Hayward
by his second wife, Catharine Smythe;
knighted at Windsor, July 23, 1609;
high sheriff of Kent in 1624.
Hai^ward, Roland. See Hayward.
Ha.keAvell, William, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 lOs.; pd. £12 10s. Born in
Exeter, 1574 ; barrister of Lincoln's
Inn ; M. P. Bossinev, 1601, St. Mi-
chael's, 1604-11, 1614, Tregonv, 1621-
22, Amersham, 1624-25 and 1628-29 ;
was master in chancery at decease ;
died October 31, 1655, aged 81. He
married a niece of Lord Bacon's ; was
queen's solicitor in 1617. His brother,
908
HAKLUYT — HAMOR
Dr. George Hakewill, Archdeacon of
Surrey, and hinaself were eomniitted
to custody in August, 1G21, for pre-
senting to Prince Charles, without the
king's knowledge, a discourse against
the Spanish match. He was on the
Virginia Commission of July 15, 1624.
Author "Liberty of the Subject, 1G41."
Hakluyt, Richard, the Elder.
Of the Middle Temple, a cousin to the
Rev. Richard. He was much inter-
ested in foreign lands and the advance-
ment of English commerce. Henry
Lane, of tlie Skinnei's' Company in
1567, wrote to him in behalf of the
fur trade of that company. About
1568 he showed his cousin, Richard,
" certeine bookes of Cosmographie,
with an L'niversall Mappe," and
pointed out to him the various seas,
lands, etc., and then turning to the
107th Psalm, directed him to the 23d
and 24th verses, where he read " that
they which go downe to the sea in
ships and occupy by tlie great waters,
they see the works of the Lord and his
wonders in the deepe," etc., and his
discourse influenced his cousin in pros-
ecuting those studies.
He consulted Dr. Dee, June 30,
1578 ; gave instructions for the Pet
and Jackman voyage in May, 1580.
Walsingham sent a letter by him to the
Bristol merchants, March 11, 1583.
Lane wrote a letter to him from Vir-
ginia, September 3, 1585.
Hakluyt, Rev. Richard, 1. Sub.
; pd. £21. Born about 1552 ;
" brought up at Westminster school ; "
became interested in cosmography ;
entered Christ Church College, Ox-
ford, in 1570 ; B. A., February 19,
1573; M. A., June 27,1577; consulted
Ortetius; delivered public lectures on
Cosmography, etc. ; dedicated his
" Divers Voyages," to Sir Philip Sid-
ney in 1582 ; letters from Walsingham
and Parmenius to him in 1583; chap-
lain of the English legation at Paris,
1583-88. Letters from Paris, 1584-
86. Wrote discourse on " Western
Planting" for Ralegh in 1.584; caused
the journals of Ribault and others to
be published, 1586. He publislied
"De Orbe Novo," etc., in Paris about
March, 1587, and in London, May 1,
1587, his translation of the journals of
Landonuiere, etc. The first edition of
his " Principal Navigations," etc., No-
vember 17, 1589. His first wife died
about 1597, leaving an only child, Ed-
mond. The second edition in three
volumes of his " Principal Naviga-
tions," etc. : first volume in 1598,
second, 1599, and third in 1600. Pub-
lished " Galvano's Discoveries of the
World " in 1601 ; was interested in
Pring's voyage to New England, 1603 ;
one of the chaplains of the Savoy ;
married, secondly, about March 30,
1604, when about 52 years old, Fran-
ces, widow of William Sraithe of St.
Botolph, Bishopsgatc, gent., deceased ;
had been prebendary of Bristol Ca-
thedral since 1585 ; in 1605 was ap-
pointed a prebendary of Westminster,
and rector of Wetheringset in Suffolk.
He died at Eaton in Herefordshire in
Novembex", 1616. His will, dated Au-
gust 20, 1612, was proved November
23, 1616. He was buried in West-
minster Abbey, November 26, 1616.
June 13, 1621, his son Edmond trans-
ferred two shares in Virginia to John
Moore.
'^x^/W jijotLCiyl ^*'*'^^
Hall, Richard, grocer, 3. Sub.
£50 ; pd. . One of the farmers
of the impost on tobacco; in February,
1610, he was granted £160 lis. in
consideration of his great losses as
abatement of his impost on tobacco.
Hainan. See Hampton.
Hamer — Hamor, Ralph, the
Elder, merchant-tailor, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £133 6s. 8d. He was an
incorporator, and for a time a director
of the E. I. Co. He died in 1615,
leaving his widow, Susan, as execu-
trix of his estate. Two. of their sons
went to Virginia, Raphe in 1609, and
Thomas in 1617. Thomas was at
Master Harrison's house near War-
raskoyack at the time of the massa-
cre, March 22, 1622. On the 24th of
January, 1623, George Harrison wrote
from Jamestown that " I homas Hamor
was very sick." He probably died
before February, 1624.
Hamor, Ralph, the Younger, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Went to Vir-
ginia in 1609, and remained tliere until
June 18, 1614. On the 8tli of January,
1617, the company gave him eight
shares in Virginia, and on the 15th of
HAMOR — H ARCOURT
909
Jiumary " bills of adventure allowed
to Capt. Raphe Hamor and the per-
sons here under named for every man
transported at their eharge being 16,
who were to have noe Bonds, vizth. :
one bill of £12 10s. for Mr. Rob.
Sturton ; one Bill of £25 for Mr.
Christo: Martin ; one Bill of £12 10s.
for Mr. John Blaekall ; one Bill of
£50 for Mr. Tho: Hamor ; one Bill of
£62 10s. for Mr. Raphe Hamor ; one
Bill of £25 for Mr. William Tucker ;
one Bill of £12 lOs. for Mr. Elias
Roberts." He sailed from England
about Marcli, and arrived in Virginia
in May, 1617. He >vas a member of
the council in Virginia, 1621 to 1628,
and probably after.
Hamersley, Master Hugh, haber-
dasher, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. "A
great and general merchant ; " mem-
ber of the Rus., E. L, N. W. P., and
other companies ; was a director and
an auditor of the E. I. Co. ; sheriff of
London, 1618-19 ; alderman of Bish-
opsgate ward, 1619-22, and Aldgate
ward, 1622-36 ; " Coronel of London
and President of the Honorable Artil-
lery Company ; " lord mayor, 1627-
28 ; knighted June 8, 1628 ; president
of Christ's Hospital, 1634, till decease.
Died October 19, 1636, aged 71, and
lies buried under " a great Monument
in the North Wall," of the Church of
St. Andrew's LTndershaft, London. He
gave the Haberdashers' Company a
silver gilt salt cellar by Cellini.
Hampton, Captain John, of Plym-
outh. Ralegh referred to him as " a
sea captain of the greatest experience
in England " in 1595.
Hampton, Thomas, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Hanbury, John, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £1 + £25.
Hancock, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £62 lOs.
Hanger, George. Pd. £25.
Hanham, Sir John, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Dean's Court,
Wiuborne, Dorset ; eldest son of
Thomas Hanham, sergeant at law, by
his wife, Penelope, daugiiter of Sir
John Popham ; M. P. East Looe, 1601;
knighted at Charterhouse, May 11,
1603; M. P. Weymouth, 1604-11.
He was sheriff of Dorset, 12 James I.
Died in 16 — , without issue, and was
succeeded at Dean's Court by his
brother Thomas (see Popham ped-
igree).
Hanham, Thomas, 1. Son of
Thomas Hanham and brother of the
above Sir John ; was a member of
the New England Council, November
3, 1620 ; succeeded his brother, Sir
John, at Dean's Court ; left a son,
John, whose son. Sir William Han-
ham, was created a baronet. (It may
have been the father, but I think it
was this Thomas, who was named in
the charter of April 10, 1606, and who
went to North Virginia with Pring iu
that year. See Sir John Popham.)
Hansford, Humfrie, grocer, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £-50. Son of
William Hansford, of London ; was
baptized in St. Mary Woolchurch
Haw, March 11, 1565 ; was an incor-
porator of the E. I. Co., 1600 ; church-
waiTlen of St. Mary Woolchurch, 1606-
08 ; a director of the E. I. Co. in 1607,
and for many years thereafter ; incor-
porator of the N. W. P. Co., July 26,
1612 ; gave "an elegant cushion for
the Pulpitt and a Puli)itt Cloth" to
St. Mary Woolchurch in 1613. Lyson
says, "The old house at Woodford-
row was built in 1617, by Sir Hum-
phrey Handforth, master of the ward-
robe to James 1., who is said freqviently
to have dined there, when hunting in
the forest." Was a member of the
N. Fid. Co. ; on the commission to treat
with the Hollanders, January 8, 1619 ;
recommended by King James for
treasurer of the Va. Co. in Mav, 1622;
sheriff of London, 1622-23 ; knighted
at Woodford Row, July 14, 1622 ;
elected alderman of Castle Baynard
ward, August 13, 1622. On February
5, 1623, he transferred one share of
his lands in Virginia to Sir Timothy
Thornehill. He was on the commis-
sion for the Va. Co., July 15, 1624.
Died at Woodford Row, and was bur-
ied " in his vawte at Wool-church,
Nov. 1, 1625."
Hansford, John, merchant-tailor.
2. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Proba-
bly the brother of Sir Humfrey who
was baptized February 25, 1571.
(Colonel Hansford of Bacon's Rebel-
lion, " had the honor of being the
first Virginian born that ever was
hanged.")
Harcourt, Robert. Eldest son
of Sir Walter Harcourt, of Stanton-
910
HARCOURT — HARIOT
Harcourt, by his wife Dorothj', daugh-
ter of William Robinsou, of Draytou-
Bassett in StafPordshii-e. " His brother
Michael and himself were interested
with Sir Walter Ralegh in Wiaffero,
and Guyana in South America." He
was on a voyage to Guiana, March
to December, 1609, and his brother,
Capt. Michael Harcourt, remained
there at " Wiapoco," until 1612.
James I. granted to him and others a
patent, August 28, 1613. They sent
out an expedition under Capt. Ed-
ward Harvey in 1616-17, and Collins
says that "Robert Harcourt was the
most considerable adventurer with Sir
Walter Raleigh in his Voyage to Guy-
ana," 1617-18. He married, in 1598,
Frances Vere, sister of Sir Horace
Vera, and died in 1631, aged fifty-
seven years.
Hare, John, esquire, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £37 10s. Probably the eld-
est sou of Sir Ralph Hare, of Slow
Bardolph, Norfolk. M. P. for Ayles-
bery, 1625, Evesham, 1626, and King's
Lynn, 1628-29. Knighted Decembor
4, 1617 ; married Elizabeth, daughter
of Lord Keeper Coventry.
Harfleet, Sir Thonias, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. "Thomas Sep-
tuans als Harfleete of Kent " was
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603.
Harington. See Harrington.
Harlot, Thomas. An eminent
English mathematician; was born at
Oxford in 1560, and, having been in-
structed in Grammar-learning in that
city, became a Batler or Commoner
of St. Mary's Hall in that University,
where he took the degree of Bachelor
of Arts, February 12, 1579 [1580],
and in the latter end of that year
completed it by determination in
School Street. Soon after he came to
the knowledge of Sir Walter Ralegh
on account of his admirable skill in
the Mathematics, and was entertained
by that gentleman, with the allowance
of an annual pension, for instructing
him in that science. He was sent by
Sir Walter to Virginia in 1585, where
he was employed, from June 1585, to
June 1586, in the discovery and sur-
veying of the country, observing the
manners, customs, etc., of the people.
And, upon his return he published the
result of his labors in " A Briefe and
True Repoi-t of the Newfound Land
of Virginia, etc., London, 1588." In
1594 he published a chapter on rhumbs,
and in 1596 he framed a chart of
Guiana, etc. About this time " Sir
Walter got him into the acquaintance
of that noble and generous Count
Henry Percy, Earl of Northumber-
land, who finding him a gentleman of
an affable and peaceable naturo, and
well read in the obscure parts of
learning, he did allow him a yearly
pension of £120." He shared in the
troubles of his patrons. At the trial
of Ralegh in 1603, Chief Justice Pop-
ham I'eferred to the devilish o^^inions
of Hariot, and he was not without sus-
picion of having some knowledge of
the Gunpowder Plot in 1605. When
Ralegh and the earl were in the
Tower, Hariot, Hues, and Warner
were their constant companions, and
were usually called the Earl of Nor-
thumberland's Three Magi. He made
a sun-dial for the earl which is still to
be seen on the south face of the Martin
Tower. In 1607 Hariot drew up ob-
servations on the comet since known
as " Halley's Comet," which were pub-
lished by Professor Rigaud, Oxford,
1832. In 1609 he was in consulta-
tion with the Va. Co. of Loudon. In
1610 he is said to have observed the
satellites of Jupiter, a few day's after
Galileo first discovered them, and to
have been himself the first to detect
the spots on the sun, December 8,
1610. " He was noted for skill in
Algebra, his treatise on which, enti-
tled, ' Artis Analyticse Praxis ad
sequationes Algebraicus nova,' etc ,
edited by his friend, Mr. Walter War-
ner, was published after his death in
1631." " Hariot . . . was destined,"
says Hallam, "to make the last great
discovery in the pure science of Alge-
bra. . . . He arrived at a complete
theory of the genesis of Equations,
which Cardan and Vieta had but par-
tially conceived." He lived for some
time in Sion College, and died at
London " of cancer in the lip " and
other troubles, July 2, 1621. His
body was interred in St. Christopher's
Church in London (the site of this
church is now occupied by the Bank
of England), where a monument was
erected for him by his noble executors.
Sir Thomas Aylesbury and Robert
Sidney Viscount Lisle, with a Latin
SIR GEORGE SOMERS
HARIOT — HARPER
911
inscription which may be thus trans-
lated : —
" Stop traveller, tread lightly/just
here lies what was mortal/of the cele-
brated man/Thomas Hariot./He was
tliat most learned Harriot/of Syon
near the river Thames,/By birth and
edueation/an Oxonian./He was versed
in all sciences. /He excelled in all
things./Mathematics, Philosophy, The-
ology, /i'he most studious explorer of
Truth/The most pious cultivator of
the Triune God./A sexagenarian or
thereabouts,/he bid farewell to mor-
tality; not to life, In the year of our
Lord, 1621, on the 2d July."
The following extracts are from
"The Accomptes of the Church War-
dens of the Paryshe of St. Christo-
fer's in London." From the Introduc-
tion by Edwin Freshfield, vice-presi-
dent of the Society of Antiquaries of
London, etc.: "Mr. Harriote was a
frequent resident in the parish with
his friend Mr. Buckner ; indeed he
died at his house in 1622 [1621]. . . .
He had always kept up his interest
in Virginia, and with his friend Mr.
Buckner was instrumental in promot-
uig the colonization of that country."
From " The Accompt, etc., for Anno
1622 " (i. e., from May, 1621, to May,
1622). "Received for the Knell of
Mr. Harriote, 6 shillings and 8 pence."
" Received of Mr. Thomas Buckner,
being the gift of Mr. Harriot, £4."
" Paid to the poore by tlie Gifte of
Mr. Harriot — four pounds." From
" The Accompt, etc., for Anno 1626 "
(May, 1625, to May, 1626). "Re-
ceived of Mr. Thomas Buckner for the
Erectinge of Mr. Herriot his monu-
ment in the Chauncell the some of one
pound."
Harley (etc.), Captain Edward,
2. Sub. ; pd. . His name is
variously spelled : Harlow, Hawley,
Harley, etc. Among the papers in the
collection of Lord De L'Isle and Dud-
ley, catalogued in the Third Report of
the Royal Hist. Commission, is the fol-
lowing : " Folio paper, 16th Century.
Ars Naupegica. Art of Shipbuilding,
by Edmund Harlow, Gent." Captain
Harlow made the voyage to our New
England coast with Popham, May 31,
1607, to December, 1608. He was
again on our coast in 1611, "and
brought away the salvadges from the
river of Canada," which were " showed
in London for a wonder," in the spring
of 161'.'. In June,. 1614, Capt. Hen-
rv (?) Ilarioy was sent to our coast
by Sir Feidinando Gorges and others.
He probably returned to England the
same year. March 28, 1623, "Ed-
ward Hawley, gentleman, was close
prisoner in the Gate house at West-
minster, by the King's own warrant ; "
but whether this was our captain or
not, I am not able to say. Alany of
the same family name were afterwards
interested in the English colonies in
America.
Harley (Hawley, etc.), Captain
Henry. Of the 1611 voyage. Possi-
bly the third son of Jeremy Hawley,
Esq., of Boston, near Brentford, Mid-
dlesex, England. He died unmarried,
and is classed as a merchant in the
family pedigree. His brother, John
Hawley, married Amy, daughter of
Thomas Studley, who may have been
" the first cape merchant in Virginia."
His eldest brother, James Hawley,
Esq., of Brentford, born in 1558, and
still living in 1619, was twice married
and had a large family, by his first
wife, Susan, daughter of Richard Tot-
hill of Devonshire. He is said to have
had seven sons, viz.: (1) Jerome, (2)
Capt. Henry, (3) Dr. Richard, (4)
James, (5) William, and two others.
I think the two others were Gabriel,
who died in Virginia, and John, who
came to Virginia in 1619. (1) Jerome
(born about 1580) was interested in
Virginia and Maryland — was a coun-
cilor in the first and commissioner of
the other. (4) James and (5) William
were also interested in these colonies ;
(2) Capt. Henry Hawley (who may
have made the voyage of 1614 when
a young man) was long interested in
colonization, and became famous as a
governor of the Barbadoes (1632-39).
The present baronet descends from
the third son (3) Dr. Richard Hawley
of London.
Harley, Robert. Pd. £12 10s.
Harper, John, fishmonger, 2. Sub.
; pd. £62 10s. Also a member
of the E. I. Co. June 23, 1620, lie gave
Mr. John Whitcombe, who married
his daughter, Anne Harper, a share
in Virginia. There is a fair monu-
ment to himself and wife on the south
side of the parish church of St.
912
HARPER — HARRIS
Margaret Moyses, Breadstreet ward,
Loudon, with this inscription : " Here
lieth the Bodies of John Harper,
citizen and fishmonger, Treasurer of
Christ's Hospital, and Alderman's
Deputy of Breadstreet Ward, London.
Aud Frances his wife, daughter to
James Smyth, of Great Lunber, in
the County of Lincolne, gentleman.
By whom he had issue five children ;
but at the time of their Death left
only a son, John, and a daughter,
Anne, married to John Whitcombe of
London. He died the 27 of Novem-
ber, 1632, in the 79tli year of his age,
and she departed this life the 30 day
of October, 1630, being 72 years
old." By his will, he gave money to
purchase books for Siou College Li-
brary.
Harrington, John Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. . He was the oldest
son and successor of Sir James Har-
rington, Knt., of Exton, by his wife
Lucy, daughter of Sir William Sid-
ney of Penshurst; born about 1510;
knighted January, 1583 ; M. P. for
Warwickshire, 1586-87; and for Rut-
landshire in 1593, 1597-98, and 1601 ;
elevated to the peerage as Baron Har-
rington of Exton, July 21, 1603. " A
sincere Christian and a learned man,"
he was tutor to the Princess Elizabeth
until her marriage with the Electoral-
Palatine ; aud in April, 1613, he attend-
ed her royal highness into Germany.
He died, on his way back to England,
at Worms, on the 24th of August,
1613, at the age of 73. He was first
cousin to Sir Philip Sidney, and " a
grand benefactor to Sidney College in
Cambridge." He married Anne, only
daughter and heir of Robert Kelway
(Callaway), Esq., surveyor of the
Court of Wards, and had, with other
issue, John, his successor, and Lucy,
who married Edward Russell, third
Earl of Bedford.
His stock in the Va. Co., at his death,
passed to his son John, I suppose.
Harrington, Sir John, 3. Sub.
£150 ; pd. £187 10s. Son of Jolm
Lord Harrington ; was baptized at Step-
ney. May 3, 1592; was made a Kniglit
of the Bath at the creation of Charles
Duke of York, "Twelfth Day [January
6] 1605 " (O. S.). He returned froili
his travels abroad in 1609, with learning
and experience far beyond his years,
aud at once took an active interest
in affairs. M. C. for Va. Co., 1612.
July 26, 1612, he was one of the incor-
porators of the N. W. P. Co. Suc-
ceeded his father as Lord Hariington,
August 24, 1613 ; died of the small-
pox on Sunday, February 27, 1614,
at Kew, near Richmond, unmarried.
The friend and companion of Henry,
Prince of Wales, " he was pious, tem-
perate, and chaste without the least
tincture of sourness or aiisterity."
" A most bountiful benefactor of Sid-
ney College in Cambridge."
Harrington-Russell, Lucy, Count-
ess of Betlford, 3. Sub. ; pd. .
The elder of the two daughters of
John, first Lord Harrington of Exton,
and sister of Sir John Harrington
aforesaid ; married at Stepney in Mid-
dlesex, on December 12, 1594, to Ed-
ward Russell, third Earl of Bedford ;
inherited two thirds of her brother's
vast estate in 1614. Her husband died
on May 1, 1627, and she died thirty
days after. She took great interest in
rare plants, in the management of her
gardens and orchards, and probably
obtained many varieties from Virginia
aud the Bermudas. She was the pat-
roness of Ben Jonson, Dr. Donne,
Samuel Daniel, Drayton, and other
poets.
Harris, Sir Arthur, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Of Woodham Mor-
timer, Essex. Son of Sir William
Harris ; was born in 1584 ; licensed
to travel for three vears. May 12,
1604 ; knighted at Otelands, July 15,
1600 ; M. P. for Maldon, 1624-25 ;
for Essex, 1025 ; for Maldon again,
1628-29 ; died January 9, 1632. He
married, first, in 1606, Anne, daugh-
ter of Robert Cranmer, of Chepsted,
County Kent, esquire, and, secondly, in
1615, Dame Anne Bowyer, widow of
Sir Henry Bowyer, and daughter and
sole heir to Sir Nicholas Salter.
Harris, Sir Christopher, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Radford, Devon.
One of the executors of Sir Francis
Drake. M. P. Plymouth, 1584-85 ;
knighted June 7, KiOO ; buried Janu-
ary 27, 1625. Ralegh spent nine or
ten days at his house in June, 1618.
Harris, John, cscpiire, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £37 10s. Son of Sir Wil-
liam Harris. (M. P. West Looe,
1614.)
HARRIS — HARRISON
913
Harris, Roger, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £08 15s.
Harris, Thomas, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. This may have been
the sou of Sii" William Harris. I
thiuk it was the persou of the name
who went to A'irginia with Dale in
1611, and was living at the Neck-of-
Land, Charles City, in February, 1625,
aged 38, with his wife, aged 23.
Harris, Sir Williain, 3. Sub. £75;
pd. £75. Of Crixith and AVoodham
Mortimer, Essex. Knighted at White-
hall, July 23, 1603. Died in Novem-
ber, 1616. Himself and wife are bur-
ied at Crixith in Essex. He married
Alice, daughter of Thomas Smith, of
Westonhanger in Kent (see Smythe
pedigree), and had by her four sons and
four daughters, namely. Sir Arthur,
William, of Lincohi's Inn, Thomas,
John, Alice, Mary, Frances, and Eliza-
beth. The daughter, Alice Harris, a
niece of Sir Thomas Smythe's, mar-
ried Sir Henry Mildinay of Graces,
who was own cousin to John W inthrop,
governor of ^lassachusetts.
Harrisou, Edward, ironmonger, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £112 10s. An in-
corporator and leading member of
the E. I. Co. November 13, 1620, he
transferred 500 acres of land in Vir-
ginia to Raphe Fogg.
Harrison, George. The only broth-
er of Sir John Harrison. Came to
Virginia in 1618. March 6, 162J, Sir
George Yardley, governor of Vir-
ginia, granted to " George Harrison of
Charles City, gentleman, who hath
abode in the colony three years, 200
acres of land situate on the opposite
side of the river over against the Gov-
ernor's Mansion House, to be doubled
by the Virginia Company, when suffi-
ciently planted and peopled." This
land was near " Chapokes Creeke," and
was still standing in Harrison's name
in 1626. He wrote to his brother John
from James City in Virginia May 12,
1622 ; another long and interesting
letter January 24, 1623. These letter.s
are still preserved among the colonial
papers. In the spring of 1624 he had
a duel (probably the first in Virginia)
\vith Richard Stephens, somewhere
near James City in Virginia, in which
he received a small cut in the knee
only, but died fourteen days after.
The jury at the inquest affirmed that
he died of natural disease. He left
property in Virginia and " the West
Indies " [The Bermudas ?].
Harrison, Harmon, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Came to Virginia in
1608. I take this to be tlie Ensign
Harrison who was complained of, to-
gether with Captain Martin, before
the Eirst Assembly, July 30, 1619 ;
massacred by tiie Indians iu March,
1022. There was probably some rela-
tionship between Martin and the Har-
risons — Brandon finally came into
the possession of the latter family.
Harrison, James, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. . I think this person
was the son of Williain Harrison, of
London, merchant, by his second wife,
Mary, daughter of John W^est, grocer.
Harrisou, John, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £1. The founder of the grammar
school at Great C'rosl)y, in the parish
of Shelton, in the county of Lancaster,
England, in 1620.
Harrison, Mr. (John), the Elder,
stationer. Pd. £5. Of St. Michael-
ad-Bladum. Master of the Stationers'
Company in 1583 ; married, in 1586,
Juliana Barnes, widow of Francis
Barnes, of St. Magnus, London, hab-
erdasher, deceased. " June 25, 1594,
Richard Field assigned over unto Mr.
Harrisou, Sen^, iu open covirt holden
this day, a book called ' Venus and
Adonis.'"
Harrison, John, gent. Son of Wil-
liam Harrison, of Aldcliife, Com.
Lane, and his wife Margaret, daugh-
ter of Christopher Gardiner, of Urs-
wich. Was born about 1589. He
married, in August, 1616, Margaret,
daughter of Robert Fanshawe, who
was brother to Thomas Fanshawe, the
husband of Sir Thomas Smythe's sis-
ter Joane (see Smythe pedigree). At
this time John Harrison was " of St.
Olive, Hart Street, gent.," and his
bride was a member of the family of
Sir John Wolstenholme. On Febru-
ary 13, 1621, Sir John Wolstenholme
transferred to Mr. John Harrisou three
shares of land in Virginia. Possibly
governor of the Bermudas early in
1623. September 16, 1623, he 'sent
goods, etc., to his brother George
Harrison in Virginia. April 28, 1624,
George Menefie wrote to him from
James City about his brother's death.
August 16, 1624, he gave James Car-
914
HARRISON — HARWOOD
ter, master of the Anne, a power of
attorney to manage the estate of his
deceased brother iu Virginia.
At the Visitation of Loudon, 1633,
he had five chiklreu : John, William,
Abraham, Anne, and Margaret. The
eldest son, John, was then married to
Jane, daughter of Edinond Chapman,
of Greenwich in Kent.
He was one of his majesty's farmers
of the custom-house. In December,
1640, he was a member of the House,
and advanced £50,000 on the security
of the coming subsidies. As a reward
for his patriotism he was knighted
by the king at Whitehall, January 4,
164°.
Iu May, 1641, " Harrison again
came to the aid of Parliament, and
offered to lend £150,000 on the secur-
ity of the customs. At once the
question was raised whether Parlia-
ment had it in its power to give any
such security. The Commons were in
instant fear of dissolution. ... It
was at 0UC3 proposed that a Bill should
be brought in, providing that the exist-
ing Parliament should not be dissolved
without its own consent. The proposal
was welcomed with singular unanim-
ity." (" Gardiner's History of Eng-
land.) This Avas the beginning of the
Long Parliament.
He owned Aldcliffe Hall, Lancaster,
and was M. P. for Lancaster in both
Parliaments of 1640 ; was imprisoned
by order of the Parliament iu 1642,
and was deprived of his propertj' ; re-
moved from his seat in Parliament, as
a royalist, in September, 1643. After
the Restoration he was M. P. for J^an-
caster. May 8, 1661, to his death, Sep-
tember 28, 1669.
His daughter, Anne Harrison, mar-
ried Sir Richard Fanshawe (nephew
of Sir Thomas Smythe), the diploma-
tist and author (see Sir Henry Fan-
shawe). Lady Anne Fanshawe be-
came an authoress, and her memoirs
are well known.
Harrison, Ralphe, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. One of this name went to
the East Indies prior to 1609. Prob-
ably the same person. He went to
Virginia, and died at Elizabeth City,
some time thereafter, in 1623.
Harrison, "William. A leading
merchant of London; of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies. His pedigree is
given in the Visitation of London,
1633-34 : Harl. Soc. Pub., vol i. p. 355.
His second wife was Mary, daughter
of John West, grocer. (See Sir Ed-
ward Conway.) He was for a long
time treasurer of the E. 1. Co. ; died
in 1620.
Hart, Sir Eustace, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of All Hallows-in-the-Wall,
London ; mentioned in Chamberlain's
letter of April 30, 1616, and in the
"Calendar of State Papers, Domestic,
July 11, 1616 ; " transferred his bill of
adventure in Va. of £25 to Mr. Thomas
Gibbs, May 6, 1618. He married,
first, Mary, relict of Lord Willoughby
de Eresby, and, secondly, in 1628,
Jane, daughter of John Evelyn, Esq.,
of Kingston, in Surrey (widow of Sir
Anthony Benn, recorder of London.)
Sir Eustace Hart died September 18,
1634, and was buried at St. Bennett's,
Paul's Wharf, London.
Hart, Sir John, grocer. Elected
alderman of Farringdon Without,
June 18, 1575 ; chosen sheriff, August
15, 1579 ; lord mayor, 1589 ; M. P. for
London, 1592-97 ; president of St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, 1593-1603 ;
died about February, 1603, and was
buried in the Church of St. Swithin,
London Stone, the living of which was
in his patronage. He married, in 1586,
Anne, relict of Anthony Cage, of Lon-
don, Salter. His eldest daughter, Joan,
married Sir George BoUes. His sec-
ond daughter, Anne, married Alder-
man Humphrey Smith. His daughter
Judith married Edward Cage (whom
see).
Hart, Sir Peroival. Sub. ; pd.
£37 10s. Of LuUingstone Castle, Kent,
son of Sir George Hart ; knighted
June 1, 1601 ; M. P. Lewes, 1601 ; one
of the heirs of the patent of Sir Jerome
Bowes (his uncle) for the sole im-
porting of Venice glass, in 1616. He
married three wives : Anne, daughter
of Sir Roger Manwood ; Jane, daugh-
ert of Edward Stanhope, Esq., and,
April 28, 1623, Mary Harrison, widow.
HarTvell — Harewell — Horwell
— Howell, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of Worcester-
shire ; knighted at Whitehall, July 23,
1603.
Harwood, Captain Ed-ward, 2
Sub. ; pd. . Son of William
Harwood, of Thurlby, County Lin-
HARWOOD — HAWKINS
915
coin ; was knighted before December
9, 1618, when the Earl of Bedford as-
signed to him a hill of adventure in
Va. of £.jO. He was about this
time added to His Majesty's Council
for the Va. Co., and in 1610 was one
of the committee for oompiling and re-
ducing the standing " Rules and orders,
for the Government of the Virginia
Company, into one entire Body of
Laws, Form of Government," etc.,
which have been reprinted by Force,
vol. iii. No. 6. He was a captain and
afterwards a colonel (as early as 1604)
in the Low Countries. In Novembei*,
1626, he was ordered to conduct his reg-
iment to assist the King of Denmark.
He was an incorporator (December 4,
1630) of the Providence Islands or
Bahamas Company ; was slain at the
siege of Maastricht, 1632. He is
one of Fuller's Worthies of Lin-
colnshire. " The Advice of that
Worthy Commander. Sir Ed : Har-
wood, Collonell. Written by King
Charles his Command upon occasion
of the French Kings preparation, and
presented (in his life time) by his
owne hand, to his Maiestie," etc. ;
was printed at London in 1042. His
brother, George Harwood, of London,
was treasurer of the Massachusetts
Company.
Harwood, Leonard, mercer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s.
Haselden (Hazleden), "William,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Of
N. W. P. and E. I. companies.
Hasilrige (Hazlerigg), Francis,
gent., 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Hastings, Henry, Earl of Hunting-
don, 3. Sub. ; pd. £120. Son
of Francis Hastings, by his wife Sarah,
daughter to Sir James Harrington ; at
the death (in 1605) of his grandfather,
George, fourth Earl of Huntingdon,
he succeeded as fifth earl ; was lord
lieutenant of the counties of Leicester
and Rutland, steward of the Duchy
of Lancaster, and, in May, 1616, one
of the peers for the trial of the Earl
and Countess of Somerset. He was a
noted patron of the stricter class of
divines ; was one of the first that rose
for King Charles in Leicestershire.
He died November 14, 1643, and was
buried at Asbby de la Zouch.
Hatton, Sir Christopher. Born
at Holdenby, 1540 ; made a gentle-
man pensioner to the queen. June 30,
1554 ; admitted to the Inner Temple,
May, 1560 ; introduced at court before
June, 1.j64 ; one of the representatives
of Elizabeth at tlie baptism of James
VI. of Scotland, December, 1566 ;
M. P. in 1571 and 1572 ; captain of
the queen's guard, 1572 ; vice-cham-
berlain and member of the Privy
Council, November, 1577 ; knighted
December 1, 1577 ; patron of Drake
in his voyage round the world in the
Golden Hind, 1577-80 (Hatton's crest
was a golden hind) ; interested in Fen-
ton's voyage, 1582-83 ; on the com-
mittee for confirming Ralegh's patent
in December, 1584. He was the
patron of several of the writers on
naval affairs, discoveries, etc. ; was on
the commission for the trial of Mary
Queen of Scots, in October, 1586 ;
made lord high chancellor in April,
1587 ; created Knight of the Garter,
St. George's Day, 1588 ; Chancellor of
the Lniversity of Oxford, September
20, 1588 ; died at Ely Place, November
20, 1591, and was buried in St. Paul's.
He died a bachelor, but had adopted
the son of his sister Dorothy,' by her
husband, John Newport, Esq., of the
same family, possibly, as Capt. Clu-is-
topher Newport.
Haukinson, George, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Hawes, Humfrey, clothAvorker.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Of the E. I.
Co. ; second son of Lawrence Hawes,
of London, by his wife Ursula, daugh-
ter of John Herrick, of Leicester, and
sister to Sir William Herrick.
Hawkins, Charles, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £62 10s. Of the E. I. Co. ;
son of Capt. William Hawkins the
younger, and nephew of the famous
Sir John Hawkins.
HavT^kins, Sir John. Grandson of
John Hawkins, Es(j., of Tavistock,
Devon, whicli John married Joan,
daughter of William Amydas, Esq., of
916
HAWKINS
Launceston, Cornwall, by whom he
was the father of "Capt. William
Hawkius, the elder, of Plymouth, who
for his ' skill in Sea-causes ' was much
esteemed by Heury VIII., and was the
first Euglishuian who sailed a ship into
the Southern Seas." He made several
voj'ages to the coast of Africa, and
thence to Brazil in 1530, and after.
He married Joan, daughter of William
Trelawney, Esq., of Cornwall, and
granddaughter of Sir John Trelawney,
a descendant of Edwin, who held the
lordship of Trelawney in the time of
Edward the Confessor ; by her he had
two sons, William (of whom hereafter)
and John (of whom I write), who was
born about 1532 ; in his youth studied
the mathematics ; entered the naval
service about 1551, and went divers
voyages into Spain, Portugal, and the
Islands ; admitted a freeman of Plym-
outh, 155.5-56 ; invented the chain-
pump for ships, 1558-59 ; on his first
voyage to the West Indies, from Octo-
ber, 15G2, to September, 1563 ; on his
second voyage there, from the fall of
1564, to September, 1565 ; moved to
London, to the Parish of St. Dunstan's
in the East, about 1565, where he con-
tinued to dwell at least thirty years
(156,5-1595) ; on his third voyage to
the West Indies, October, 1567, to Jan-
uary, 1569. In March, 1569, La Mothe
wrote from London : " John Hawkins
has undertaken to revenge the injury
which the Spaniards did him at Mex-
ico, and intends, next July, laying in
wait at the Azores, with a good naval
force for the arrival of the Spanish
fleet from the West Indies." M. P.
for Plymouth, 1571 ; pretended to be a
traitor ; deceived the Queen of Scots
and Philip ; was made a grandee of
Spain in September, 1571, receiving a
large sum of money, etc. In the sum-
mer of 1572 with 20 ships, equipped
with Philip's money, he sailed for the
Azores to lie in wait for Philip's Mex-
ican fleet. M. P. for Plymouth,
1572-83 ; appointed treasurer of the
navy to succeed his father-in-law, Ben
Gonson, deceased, in 1573 ; was inter-
ested in Drake's voyage, 1577-80. He
proposed to destroy the Spanish fishing
fleet at Newfoundland in April, 1585.
He was " tlie man to wliom is due all
the credit of preparing the royal fleet
to meet the Armada." Served against
the Armada, and was knighted on the
high seas July 26, 1588. In 1590 he
was sent with Frobisher to intercept
the Plate fleet, and harass the trade of
Spain. Founded and endowed St.
John's Hospital at Chatham for de-
cayed mariners and shipwrights of the
royal navy, by letters patent, dated
August 27, 1594. On August 27,
1595, he sail on his last and fatal voy-
age to the West Indies : died at sea,
November 12, 1595, " neere the Easter-
most end of Saint Juan de Puerto
Rico," and " being coffined he was cast
into the sea." His widow had a fair
monument erected to his memory on
the north side of the chancel of St.
Dunstan's in the East, London. " He
was the first true friend of the British
sailor; and not only the ablest captain,
but the best shipwright of his time."
He was twice married; first to " Dame
Katharine " (the Gonson pedigree says
Avice), and secondly to " Dame Mar-
garet ; " one of these, probably the
first, was a daughter of Ben Gonson,
and she, Burke says, was the mother
of Richard Hawkins, who was after-
wards interested in the Virginia enter-
prises.
Sir John Hawkins was 63 years old
when he died, in 1595. (See London
" Notes and Queries," § 6, xi. p. 388.)
Ha-wkins, John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of the E. I. and N. W. P.
companies ; son of Capt. William
Hawkins, the younger.
Ha'wkins, Sir Richard. The son
of the celebrated Sir John Hawkins
(whom see). I do not know the date
of his birth ; but he was " of ten-
der yeares " in September, 1570. " In
a voyage, under tlie charge of his
uncle, William Hawkins, of Plimouth,
esquire, in the West Indies at Porto
Rico in 1582 ;" again in the West
Indies at the island of Margarita,
in 1583. In command of the Duck
in the celebrated Drake-Sidney expe-
dition to our coast, September, 1585,
to July, 1586. In 1588 he commanded
the Swallow iu the attack on the
Spanish Armada, in which action he
greatly distinguished himself. Hav-
ing determined on a voyage to Japan
and the East Indies " iu the end of
anno 1588," he ordered a ship to be
built for that purpose ; in the mean-
time we find him in command of the
HAWKINS
917
Nonpareil, near the Azores, on the
lookout for Spanish ships. In 1593,
his ship for the East Indian voyage,
being finished, was named by the
Lady Hawkins the Repentance ; but
Queen Elizabeth, passing by the vessel,
commanded her bargemen to row
round about lier, and viewing her from
post to stem, disliking nothing but
her name, said that she would christen
her anew, and that henceforth she
should be called the Daintie ; in
which vessel he sailed soon after,
passing through the Straits of Magel-
lan early in 1591 ; on the 2'Jd of June,
1594, off Cape San Francisco, Equador,
he was forced to surrender to an over-
whehning tieet of Spain. In 1595-96
a prisoner in Lima, Peru ; in 1597
"brought out of the Indies (America)
in a galeon, which was chased into
the rode of Tercera," by the English
fleet under the command of Essex.
He was for some time a prisoner in
" the Terceras " (the Azores Islands),
and then in Seville and in Madrid ;
sent back to England in the beginning
of the reign of James I., by whom he
was knighted July 23, 1603 ; M. P.
for Plymouth, 1604-11, and vice-ad-
miral of Devon in 1605, etc. ; M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1607. In 1614 the
E. I. Co. proposed a voyage to the
Straits of Magellan, and Sir Richard
was " generally held to be of Courage,
Art, and Knowledge to attempt such
an enterprise ; " but it seems the idea
was abandoned.
" In 1615 he undertook, by authority
from the council of the second colony
of Virginia, to try what service he
could do them as president for that
year. Having received his commis-
sion and instructions, he departed in
October, and spent the time of his be-
ing in those parts (New England) in
searching the country, and finding out
the commodities thereof. From thence
he passed along the coast to Virginia,
and staid there some time." From Vir-
ginia he went to Spain to make sale of
his fish.
In October, 1616, "seven English
ships, which this year fished at New-
foundland, and from thence directing
there course for Italy, were within
the straits, assailed and taken by 30
Turkish men of war," and Lord Carew,
writing to Sir Thomas Roe on the 18th
of January, 1617. says, " It is thought
that Sir Richard Hawkins of Plimouth
was in one of these English ships, for
he is not retourned from the fishing
upon the Northern English Colony
(which Sir John Popham projected),
and he intended to make sale of his
fishe in Italye. ' He returned from
Virginia before September, 1617, at
which date he petitioned to command
the fleet of the E. I. Co., but tlie
choice finally fell on Sir Thomas Dale;
member African Company, November
16, 1618 ; appointed deputy of Sir
Robert Mansell, vice - admiral, for
suppression of piracy in the Levant,
October 3, 1620. " He was a Vice-
Admiral of tlie fleet which sailed from
Plimmouth the twelfth of October iu
tlie morning in the yeare 1620," to
" attack and destroy the pirates in the
Mediterranean Sea."
Ill the patent of November 3, 1620,
he was appointed a member of " the
first moderne and present Councill
established at Plymouth, in the county
of Devon, for the planting, ruling,
ordering, and governing of New Eng-
land in America."
He returned from the expedition
against the Levant pirates in 1621-22.
Prince says, " After many high-
spirited actions, which had they been
recorded (as pity it is they were not)
would have made a large volume of
themselves, he died suddenly in 1622,
being seized with apoplexy while at
the Privy Council."
There was some trouble growing out
of the fact that the fleet against the
pirates had been insufliciently provided
with provisions, and the men badly
paid. April 27, 1622, Chamberlain
wrote to Carleton : " Sir Robert Man-
sell and the rest of the crew are noth-
ing well paid neither ; insomuch that
Sir Richard Hawkins, the vice-admiral,
finding his reckoning come short of
what he expected, of mere grief and
discontent, sunk down before the lords,
and died ths next day."
" The observations of Sir Richard
Hawkins, knight, in his voyage into
the South Sea, Anno Domini 1593,"
dedicated to Charles, Prince of Wales,
were printed in London in 1622.
His widow, the Lady Judith, sur-
vived him seven years. They were
ancestors of Sii* John Hawkins (1719-
918
HAWKINS — HAYWARD
1789), the author of " The Science
and Practice of Music."
Ha-wkins, Captain 'Williain, the
Younger. Eldest son of Capt. Wil-
liam, the elder, and brother of Sir John
Hawkins. " He was the most influ-
ential resident of Elizabethan Plym-
outh ; a merchant and a sailor ; the
holder of a commission under the
Prince of Condd ; represented Plym-
outh in Parliament ; mayor of Plym-
outh in the eventful Armada year,
1588, and was active in fitting out ves-
sels for the fight." He died October
7, 1589, and was buried in the Church
of St. Nicholas at Deptford. "A
faithful believer in the true religion ;
a great benefactor of poor mariners ;
a most learned man in naval affairs,
he frequently made long voyages. He
married two wives ; by one of them
he had 4, by the other 7, children."
I have mentioned two of his sons
(Charles and John). Another son,
Capt. William Hawkins, the third, was
the founder of the first trading-house
at Surat for the E. I. Co. He was in
the East Indies from 1607 to 1614,
and died on his return in the latter
year.
Hawley. See Harley.
Hay, James Lord, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . " A gentleman of small
means, but of great ability and many
personal recommendations, whose
greatest fault, so far as I have been
able to find out, was being a Scotch-
man." He was made a Knight of the
Bath, June 4, 1610. Having failed to
pay his dues to the company, it seems,
he probably forfeited his membersliip
under the 3d charter ; but he was
again admitted into the company on
December 2, 1618, and was some time
after added to the King's Council for
that company. He had been created
Baron Hay of Sanley, County York,
June '29, 1615, sworn of the Privy
Council, March, 1617, and created
Viscount Doiicaster, July 5, 1618, and
Earl of Carlisle, September 13, 1622 ;
was of the Sandj's party in the Va.
Co. in 1623-24 ; chosen a Knight of
the Carter in 1624 ; a councilor for
New England ; governor of the Carib-
beo Islands, etc. He died April 2.5,
1636. His first wife was Honora,
heiress of Edward Lord Denny ; his
second (whom he married in 1 j17)
was the Lady Lucy Percy, youngest
daughter of Henry, Earl of Northum-
berland, and niece of Capt. George
Percy, some time governor of Vir-
ginia.
Haydon — Heydon, Jerome,
ironmonger, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd.
£75. Of St. Mary Colechurch, Lon-
don ; an alderman of London ; master
of the Ironmongers in 1611, and a
benefactor of that company ; mar-
ried, in 1599, Agnes, relict of William
Wennington, gent. ; died before 1632.
I suppose he was the father of Sir
John Heydon, some time governor of
the Bermudas, as Sir John inherited
Jerome's property in that island. Je-
rome's widow married Francis Mor-
rice, clerk of his majesty's ordinance.
Henry Hexham, who translated the
Atlas of Gerard Mercator and Judocus
Hondius into English in 1636, was a
nephew of this Jerome Heydon.
Hayes, Captain Edward. He
had written of his travels prior to
1583 ; was on Gilbert's voyage to our
northern coast in 1583, and wrote an
account of the voyage. " A Treatise
of M. Edward Hayes conteining im-
portant inducements for the planting
of those parts and finding a passage
that way to the South Sea and China "
is annexed to the second edition of
Brereton, 1602. " September 16, 1603,
grant to Captain Edw. Hayes of pen-
sion of £100 per annum for life."
Hayward (see Hai^ward), Sir
RoAwland, cloth worker. Elected al-
derman of Farringdon Without, Sep-
tember 19, 1560 ; chosen sheriff, Au-
gust 1, 1563. He was president of
St. Bartholomew's Hospital from 1572
to his death ; lord mayor, 1570-71,
and again in 1591. Died December 5,
1593, and was buried in St. Alj)hage's
Church, London Wall, wliere the mon-
ument to his memory, with the effigies
of his two wives and sixteen children,
is still preserved. By his first wife,
HAYWARD — HERBERT
919
Joan, daughter of Williaiu Tilles-
worth, he was father of Joan Hay-
ward, who married ISir .John T'.iynne,
of Longleat (ancestor of the Marquis
of Bath). Sir Rowland married, sec-
ondly, in December, 1580, Catherine,
daughter of Thomas Smythe (see
Smythe pedigree), by whom : 1. Sir
George Haiward ; 2. Sir John Hai-
ward ; 3. Alice Haiward ; 4. Cath-
erine, who married, first, Richard Scott
(see pedigree), secondly, Sir Richard
Sondes, of Throwley, Kent, son of Sir
Michael Sondes ; 5. Mary Hayward,
married Sir Warham St. Leger ; 0.
Anne Iiayward, married Edward, eld-
est son of Sir William Craford. Mrs.
Catherine Sray the- Hayward married,
secondly, in 1599, Sir John Scott.
Heale (Hele), Sir Warwick, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £G2 10s. Eldest
son of Sir John Hele, tlie celebrated
Serjeant at law. M. P. for Plymouth,
1597-98 ; knighted at Greenwich, May
22, 1603 ; M. P. for Plympton, 1614 ;
member of the African Company of
1618 ; high sheriff of Devon, 1619 ;
member of the New England Council
in 1620 ; M. P. for Plymouth, 1621-
22 and in 1625. He married, first,
Mary, eldest daughter of .lohn Halse,
Esq., of Kenidon, in Devon, and relict
of William Hawkins, Esq., of Plym-
outh (a descendant and heir of the
great admiral) ; and, secondly, Mar-
garet, daughter of Sir William Court-
enay, knight, of Powderham Castle, but
died without issue in January, 16:^6.
Heath, Robert. Born in 1575 ;
called to the bar, 1603 ; recorder of
London, November 10, 1618, to Janu-
ary 22, 1621 ; member of His Maj-
esty's Council for the Va. Co. of
London ; patented lands in Virginia,
1619-20 ; member of His Majesty's
Council for N. E., November 3, 1620 ;
solicitor-general, January' 22, 1621, to
October 31, 1625; knighted at W^hite-
hall, January 28, 1621; M. P. for Lon-
don, 1621-22; as solicitor-general took
part in colonial affairs ; on Va. Com-
mission, July 15, 1624 ; M. P. for East
Grimstead in 1624-25 and 1625; attor-
ney-general, October 31, 1625, to Octo-
tober, 1631 ; received a grant of land
between 31 and 36 degrees of north
latitude in America, called Carolana,
in October, 1629 ; proposed to send
Huguenots and others there ; created
Serjeant, October 24, 1631 ; chief jus-
tice of the Common Pleas, October 26,
1631, to September 14, 1634 ; on spe-
cial commission for better plantation of
Virginia, .June 27, 1631 ; king's Ser-
jeant, October 12, 1636; justice of the
King's Bench, .January 23, 1641, to
October 31, 1«)43 ; master of the Court
of Wards and Liveries, May 13, 1641 ;
chief justice, October 31, 1643, till
impeached by Parliament, July 24,
1644 ; lied to France, 1646 ; died at
Calais, August 30, 1649.
Heiborue (Hepburne, etc.), Fer-
diuaiido, esquire, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £37 10s. Gentleman of the privy
chamber to Queen Elizabeth and King
.James. He married, first, Anne Can-
dler, great-granddaughter of Sir Wil-
liam Lock who died in 1550 ; was
knighted December 20, 1611. Anne
(Candler) Heyborne was buried at
Tottenham, .July 11, 1615. Sir Fer-
dinando married, secondly, on April 4,
1616, Elizabeth, daughter of Francis
More, Esq., of Sussex. Sir Ferdi-
nando was buried at Tottenham, July
2, 1618.
Heightley, Peter. Pd. £25.
Henry, Prince of Wales. — Henry
Stuart.
Henshaw, Thomas, merchant -
tailor, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £75.
" Silkman and servant to Is[^ing .James
I. ;" an incorporator of the E. I. Co.
He died .January 11, 1612, aged 76
years, and " bis body lyeth under a fair
stone at the entrance into tlie Quire of
St. Mary Magdalen Church, Cripple-
gate ward, Jjondon." " He had to wife
Flower (ilonldesborough, and had issue
by her : 9 sons and 4 daughters."
Herbert, Edward, esquire. Sub.
; pd. . Son of Charles Her-
bert by his wife .Jane, daughter of
Hugh ap Owen. He was a la\vj'er of
the Inner Temple ; an active member
of the Va. Co. during 1619-24 ; a first
cousin to George Herbert the poet.
Lord Bacon, in his will, desired Sir
John Constable to consult Mr. Solden
and Mr. Herbert, of the Inner Tem-
ple, about the publication of his liter-
ary remains. Appointed queen's attor-
ney-general, 1635 ; solicitor-general,
1640 ; knighted January 28,' 164 J ;
attorney-general, .Jamiary 29, 164 J ;
entered an accusation against the five
members, January 3 ; impeached by
920
HERBERT
the Commons, February 14 or March 8,
164 1 ; sentenced to imprisonment,
April 23, 1623 ; Charles II.'s lord
keeper of the Great Seal, 1653 ; died
in Paris, 1657. He married Margaret,
daughter of Sir Thomas Smith, clerk
of the Privy Council (widow of the
Hon. Thomas Carey), and their son,
Arthur Herbert, was created Earl of
Torrington.
Herbert, Philip, Earl of Mont-
gomery, 2. Sub. ; pd. £160.
Second son of Henry Herbert, second
Earl of Pembroke, by his third wife,
Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Sydney;
was born about 1582 ; " being a young
man scarce of age at the entrance of
King James, had the good fortune, by
comeliness of his person, his skill and
indefatigable industry in hunting, to
be the first who drew the king's eyes
towards him with affection, which was
quickly so far improved, that he had
the reputation of a favorite." He was
made a Knight of the Bath at the cor-
onation of King James, July 25, 1603.
On the 4th of January, 1605, he mar-
ried Lady Susan Vere, daughter of
the Earl of Oxford, and the letter
writers of the time gave the most
glowing accounts of the ceremonies,
etc. " The bride and groom were
lodged that night in the council cham-
ber, wliere the king, the next morning,
in liis shirt and night-gown, gave them
a reveille matin before they were up."
He was created Baron Herbert of
Shurland, isle of Sheppey, County
Kent, and Earl of Montgomery, May
4, 1605 ; Knight of the most noble
order of the Garter, May 18, 1608 ;
M. C. for Va. Co., 1612 ; an incorpo-
rator of the N. AV. P. Co., July 26,
1612 ; a member of the E. I. Co. in
1614. The Folio Shakespeare of 1623
was dedicated to him and his brother,
the Earl of Pembroke. An incorpo-
rator of the Guiana (South America)
Company, May 19, 1627. In 1628 the
king granted him certain islands in
the West Indies lying between 8° and
13° of north latitude, called " Trini-
dado, Tabago, Barbudos [Barbiula],
Fonseca," etc., and in 1629 he had a
hot disput'3 with the Earl of Carlisle,
cl.aiming the Barbadoes, which had
been previously granted to Carlisle, as
being tlic Barbuda wiilch was granted
to him.
His brother William, Earl of Pem-
broke, dying April 10, 1630, without
issue, he succeeded him as heir and
earl. "To his second wife," he mar-
ried, June 3, 1630, the celebrated
Anne Clifford, sole daughter and heir
to George Clifford, Earl of Cumber-
land, and widow of Richard Sackville,
Earl of Dorset. " His conduct to her
became intolerable some time after
their marriage. She separated herself
from him, and survived him for many
years." She was born January 30,
15|9, and died March 22, 1671, in her
87th year.
He was interested in Newfoundland
in 1639. He took sides with the Par-
liament against the crown ; was sent
by Parliament to remonstrate with
Charles I. at New Market, March 9,
1642 ; one of the Parliament commis-
sioners for plantations, November 2,
1643 ; joint commissioner to present
propositions of Parliament to Charles
I. at New Castle in July, 1646 ; as
joint commissioner of Parliament re-
ceived the king from the Scots at New
Castle, January 30, 1647 ; from his
apartment, saw King Charles walk
from St. James to the scaffold.
In the service of the Commons he
had divested himself of every dignity
of a nobleman, and in April, 1649, sat
in the House of Commons as the rep-
resentative of Berks. He was one of
a committee to examine the business
of the Bermudas Islands, December
18, 1649. He died January 23, 1650.
The cavaliers hated him, and among
their many lampoons was the follow-
ing : " The last Will and Testament
of Philip Herbert, Burgesse for Bark-
shire, vulgarly called Earl of Pem-
broke and Montgomery, who dyed of
Foole-age, Jan. 28, 1650. With his
Life and Death, and severall Legacies
to the Parliament and Councill of
State. Also his Elegy, taken ver-
batim, in Time of his Sicknesse, and
published to prevent false copies by
Michael Oldisworth. Nodnol, 1650."
It is said to have been written by
Samuel Butler. The will begins :
" I, Philip, late Earle of Pembroke
and Montgomery, now Kniglit for the
County of Berks, being, as I am told,
very weak in body, but of perfect
memory (for I remember this time
live years I gave the casting voyce to
ROBERT SPENCER
First Baron Spenrcr
HERBERT
921
dispatch old Canterbury ; and this
time two yeares I voted no addreasc
to my master ; and this time twelve-
month saw him brought to the block)
yet, because death doth threaten and
stare upon me, who have still obeyed
all those that threatened me, I now
make my last Will and Testament.
"Imprimis, for my soule : I con-
fesse I have heard very much of souls,
but what they are, or whom they are
for, God knowes I know not. They
tell me now of another world, where
I never was, nor doe I know one foot
of the way thither. While the King
stood I was of his religion, made my
Sonne weare a cassock and thought to
make him a Bishop : then came the
Scots, and made me a presbiterian; and
since Cromwell enter'd 1 have been
an independent. These I believe are
the kingdoms' three Estates, and if
any of these can save a soule, I may
claime one. Therefore if my Execu-
tors doe find I have a soule I give it
him that gave it me," etc.
Herbert, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £400. Third Earl of Pembroke;
eldest son of Henry, second Earl of
Pembroke, by his wife, Mary Sidney,
"Sidney's sister, Pembroke's mother."
Was born at Wilton, Wiltshire, Febru-
ary 8, 1580; educated at New College,
Oxford, 1593-95. (Was he not the
" Lord Herbert " who was knighted by
Essex at Cadiz in September, 1.596 ?)
He was at home in 1597-98 ; in Lon-
don about the court, 1599-lGOO ; suc-
ceeded to his father's honors and es-
tate, January 19, 1601. In 1603 he
was much interested in securing the
pardon of Sir Walter Ralegh. His
mother wrote to him, "conjuring him,
as he valued her blessing, to employ his
own credit, and that of his friends, to
insure Sir Walter's pardon." January
18, 1604, he was made steward of the
Duchy of Cornwall, and warden of the
Stanneries in Devon and Cornwall, and
the same day an incorporator of " the
Society of London for Mineral and
Battery Works." May 8, 1604, made
a Knight of the Garter, and May 14,
1604, lieutenant of Cornwall. M. C.
for Va. Co., May 23, 1609. October
16, 1609, made keeper and captain, of
the tower and isle of Portsmouth,
constable of Porchester Castle, and
lieutenant of Southbcar Forest for life.
An incorporator of the N. W. P. Co.,
July 26, 161:i. The Rappahannock
River in Virginia was at one time
called Pembroke River, being so named
for him. He was interested in the E.
I. Co. prior to 1614. An incorporator
of the B. I. Co., June 29, 1615, and
one of the divisious of the islaiul was
afterwards named Pembroke Tribe,
for him. Lord chamberlain, Decem-
ber 23, 1615, to 1625. He was con-
stantly interested in advancing the
interest of the Va. Co., and was a
member of the Council for New Eng-
land, November 3, 1620. In 1620 he
patented thirty thousand acres of land
in Virgiuia, and undertook to send
over emigrants and cattle. In July,
1621, Mr. Leech went over to view
the country and to locate tliese lands;
and the Council in England instructed
Governor Wyatt " To see that the Earl
of Pembroke's thirty thousand acres be
very good.'' To which the Council in
Virginia replied in January, 1622 : " It
shall comand from us our best endeav-
ors in chusinge out for his Lordship
and his Assocvatts the most comodious
Seate that maye be." In 1622-24 he
was still a member of the New Eng-
land and Virginia councils, and was
taking an active interest in both col-
onies.
The great Folio Shakespeare of
16u'3 was dedicated to him and to his
brother Philip, Earl of Montgomery.
About 1626 lie was made Cliancellor of
the University of Oxford, and steward
of the royal household. Broadgate
Hall, Oxford, was remodeled, and
named for him Pembroke College.
Was an incorporator of the Guiana
Company, May 19, 1627. Obtained a
grant of the Island of Barbadoes, Feb-
ruary 25, 1629, which was revoked
April 7, 1629 (previously granted to
the Earl of Carlisle). He died sud-
denly at his house, called Baynard's
Castle, in the City of London, April
10, 1630, and was buried in the Cathe-
dral of Salisbury. He was succeeded
in his titles, etc., by his brother Philip,
Earl of Montgomery.
" He was as generally and deservedly
esteemed as any nobleman of liis time.
He was well-bred ; but his breeding
and his manners were entirely English.
He was generous, open, and sincere ;
loyal, and yet a friend to liberty. Few
922
HERBERT — HICKS
men possessed a greater quickness of
apprehension, or a more penetrating
judgment ; and none could express
themselves with more readiness or
propriety. He was a man of letters
himself, and an eminent patron of
learned men ; a distinguished favorer
of Shakespeare and his works. But
he had, with all his excellencies, a
strong propensity to pleasure, and fre-
quently abandoned himself to women."
" He married Mary, eldest daughter
and co-heir of Gilbert, seventh Earl
of Shrewsbury, of the Talbots, and
had by her two sons, neither of whom
survived infancy." " His poems, " ed-
ited by John Donne, son of the Dean
of St. Paul's," were " jsrinted by
Matthew Inman," London, 1630 (the
first edition).
Herbert, William, Earl of Pem-
broke. Knight of the Garter, 1548 ;
Earl of Pembroke, October 11, 1551 ;
was interested in the Rus. Co., 1555;
in Hawkins's voyages 1564-69; died
in 1570. By his first wife, Anne Parr,
sister to Henry VIII. 's last wife, he
was the father of Henry, second earl,
who was, by his third wife, Mary Sid-
ney, the father of William and Philip
Herbert, the earls of Pembroke and
Montgomery of the Va. Co.
Heron, Sir Edward, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £25. Of Langtoft and Stam-
ford, County Lincoln. Reader at
Gray's Inn, 1587 ; recorder of Stam-
ford, 1588 ; Serjeant at law, 1600 ;
knighted in 1603 ; one of the barons
the Exchequer, 1607.
Heron (or Heme), Master Rich-
ard, merchant, 3. Sub. ; pd. £37
10s. Of the E. I. Co. Was sheriff of
London, 1618 ; esquire and alderman;
died February 24, 1625. He was the
son of Nicholas Heme, of Tibenham in
Com. Norfolk. " Lived at the Blew
Anchor in Cheapside, at Foster Lane
end." Married Alice, daughter of
John Pasck, of Cambridge, D. D., and
left issue.
Herriok, Sir ■William, goldsmith,
3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. A
younger son of John Herrick of Leices-
ter. Was born in 1557 ; apprenticed
in London, about 1574, to his elder
brother Nicholas, a goldsmith ; suc-
ceeded his brotlior in his business in
Cheai>side ; principal jeweler to King
James, or teller to the crown, May 2,
1603 ; knighted for making a hole in
the great diamond for the king, April
2, 1605 ; M. P. for Leicester in 1601,
1606-11, and 1621-22. He was really
one of the king's bankers. A retired
merchant of great wealth, about the
year 1624, he settled down on his fine
estate of Be.iumanor Park, Leicester,
where he continued to live in right
royal style until his death, March 2,
1653, at the age of 96 ; buried at St.
Martin's Church, Leicester. He mar-
ried Joan, daughter of Richard May,
Esq., and sister of Sir Humphrey May.
She bore him seven sons and five
daughters.
Robert Herrick, the celebrated poet,
was his nephew, son of his brother
Nicholas, who taught him his trade.
Herst, Gregory. Pd. £12 10s.
Hevrit, Sir Thomas, clothworker,
3. Sub. £75; pd. £75. Member of
the E. I. Co. Was knighted at Theo-
bald's, December 15, 1613 ; master of
the clothworkers in 1619.
Heyward. See Haiward.
Hicks, Sir Baptist, mercer, 2.
Sub. £75 ; pd. £150. A younger
brother of Sir Michael Hicks ; was
born about 1551 ; was admitted to the
freedom of the Mercers' Company, as
a retail mercer, gratis, in 1577. He
afterwards appears to have followed
the trade of a silk mercer, keeping a
shop in Cheapside, and by successful
application to business, and having
great dealings with the court, for his
rich silks imported from Italy and
other foreign parts, thereby amassed
a princely fortune. L^pon King James
coming to the throne, he was sworn
his servant in 1603, and soon after
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603 ;
lent the king, at various times, vast
sums of money ; was one of the first
citizens who kept shop after being
knighted, ar.d in 1007, having some
dispute with the court of aldermen
about it, he replied to the effect that
" he did not intend to live altogether
upon interest, as had been the custom
after knighthood; but still intended to
have a regard for his trade." M. C.
for Va. Co., May 2.3, 1009.
He built Hicks Hall, 1610-12 ; was
HICKS — HINE
923
elected an Alderman of Bread Street
ward, November 12, IGll. Built
the celebrated Campdeu House about
1612. One of those who purchased
the Bermudas Islands t'lom the Va.
Co., November 25, 1G12, and resigned
them to the crown, November 23, 1014.
He collecti'd a large sum from the Ad-
venturers for the Va. Co. of Loudon;
created a baronet July 1, 1620; M. F.
for Tavistock in 1621-22, and for
Tewkesbury, 1624-2.5; member of the
royal comnussion for winding up the
affairs of the Va. Co., July 15, 1624;
M. P. for Tewkesbury in 1625, 1626,
and in 1628.
In 1626 he gave the parish church
of Chipping Campden, Gloucester-
shire, "two gilt comunion holies with
their covers," and in acknowledgment
the church-wardens sent him '• three
couple of chickens, which cost them
two shillings and three pence." He
was created Baron Hicks of Ilniing-
ton, in the county of Warwick, and
Viscount Campden of Campden in
Gloucestershire, May 5, 1628.
He died October 18, 1629, aged 78,
and was buried at Campden, where
a magnificent monument was erected
to his memorv by his widow, Lady
Campden (Elizabeth, daughter of
Richard May, Esq., of London).
" To the memory of her Dearest
and Deceased Husband, Baptist Lord
Hickes, Viscount Campden ; Born of
a worthy Family in the city of Lon-
don. ^^'ho, by the Blessing of God on
his ingenuous endeavours, arose to an
ample estate and to the foresaid De-
grees of Honour. And out of those
Blessings, disposed to charitable uses,
in his Lifetime, a large Portion, to the
Value of £10,000. Who lived reli-
giously, Virtuously, and generously, to
the age of seventy-eight years ; and
died October the 18th, 1629."
The following title-page will explain
itself : " A Defiance to Death, Being
the Funebrious Commemoration of the
R* Hon : Baptist Lord Hicks, &c.,
late deceased. Preached at Camden
in Gloucestershire, November 8, 1629,
(by John Ganle). London. Printed
by Thomas Harper for Robert Allot,
&c. 1630."
Hicks, 'William. Pd. £30.
Hide, John, grocer, 2. Snb. ;
pd. . "Son of Mr. John Hide,
grocer, deceased, and Helen his wife,
was sworne a free Brother by Patri-
mony, March 5, 1603. He did busi-
ness at the sign of The Baskett at Bil-
lingsgate in Thames Street, and was
still living in 1617." (From Grocers'
Records.) Also of E. 1. and N. W. P.
compauies.
Hide (or Hyde), Lawrence,
esquire, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s.
Second son of Lawrence Hide, of West
Hache in Wilts (third son of Robert
Hide, of Northbury, Cheshire). He
was seated at Heale near Salisbury in
AVilts ; M. P. for Heytosbury, 1584-85;
Chippenham, 1586-87 ; Heytesbury
again, 1597-98 ; Marlborough, 1601
and 1604-11 ; attorney-general to
Anne, queen of James I. ; knighted
at Whitehall, November 7, 1614 ;
elected to the Council of Virginia on
February 5, 1623 ; married Barbara,
daughter of John Baptist Castillon,
Esq., of Benham, Berks, by whom he
left eleven sons. (See Le Neve's
" Knights.") (His brother Henry was
the father of Edward Lord Clarendon,
whose daughter Anne became Duch-
ess of York, and mother of queens
Mary the second and Anne, her suc-
cessor.)
Hide (or Hyde), Nicholas, esquire,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s.
Brother of Sir Lawrence, aforesaid,
was born about 1572 (?) ; M. P. for
Andover, 1601, Christ Church, 1604-11,
Bath, 1614, and Bristol, 1626 ; Lent
reader at the Middle Temple in 1617 ;
prepared defense of Bnekingham in
1626 ; knighted at Whitehall January
28, 1627 ; three days after (31st) ap-
pointed a sergeant at law, and five
days after (February 5), chief justice
of the King's Bench ; died at Hinton
Lodge, Hampshire, August 25, 1631.
His nephew, afterwards the Earl of
Clarendon, studied the law under his
guidance.
Hill, Robert, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£87 10.S. Clerk of assignments.
Hill, Tristram, 2. Sub. ; pel
£25.
Himes. See Hawes.
Hine. See Hawes.
924
HINSON — HOLECROFT
Hinson, Tobias, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £45. Entered and sworn
to freedom in the Grocers' Company,
July 6, 1586.
Hinton (Henton, Hunton, etc.).
Dr. Anthony, 3. Sub. ; pd.
£37 10s. " Docktor in Phisick."
Hinton, Griffin, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Hobart, Sir Henry, 2. Sub.
; pd. . I find this name fre-
quently spelled Hubard. Gi-anger
says, " the name is pronounced Hubbart
or Hubbard." " He applied himself to
the study of the Laws ; was called to
the bar, June 24, 1584 ; having been
entered at Lincoln's Inn, attained such
knowledge therein, and grew into such
esteem, that in 1597 he was elected
one of the Governors of that Society."
M. P. for Yarmouth in 1597 and in
1601 ; sergeant at law in 45 Eliza-
beth ; knighted by King James, July
23, 1603 ; M. P. for Norwich, 1604-11 ;
attorney for the Court of Wards, No-
vember 3, 1605, and king's attorney-
general, July 4, 1606 ; M. C. for Va
Co., May 23, 1G09. He was appointed
one of the governors of the Charter-
house, at the institution of that great
charity, June 22, 1611, and created a
baronet, November 22, 1611 ; one of
the incorporators of N. W. P. Co.,
July 26, 1012 ; constituted lord chief
justice of the Common Pleas, Novem-
ber 26, 1613 ; which post he filled with
.notable sufficiency to his death ; sworn
a free brother of the E. I. Co., Decem-
ber 5, 1617 ; umi>ire in the case be-
?tween the Earl of Warwick and the
E. I. Co., March-April, 1620 ; con-
'tributed £100 towards new building
the chapel of Lincoln's Inn, which was
finished in 1623 ; died December 26,
1625. " A great loss to the weal
public," as Sir Henry Spelman writes.
His " Law Reports " were first pub-
lished in 1641, and have been fre-
quently republished. He married
Dorothy, daughter of Sir Robert Bell,
of Beauprd Hall, chief baron of the
Exchequer, by whom he had a large
family, including the following : Sir
John, his successor, ancestor of the
earls of Buckinghamshire ; Sir Miles,
who married Siisan, daughter of Sir
John Peyton, and " Robert Hubbard,
christened at Hackney Cluirch, Sep-
tember 28, 1606," who was probably
the Robert Hubbard living in Vir-
ginia about 1650.
Hobson, Captain Nicholas. " A
grave gentleman, who was willing to
go that voyage, and to adventure
£100, himself." (Gorges.)
Hodges, John, grocer. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £50. Elected alderman of
Cordwainer ward. July 9, 1622 ; sher-
riff in 1622-23 ; died in 1629 ; he was
colonel of the Archers in 1627.
Hodges, Thomas, merchant-tailor,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 15s.
March, 1620, he gave to Walter El-
dred, by will, his three shares in Vir-
ginia.
Hodges, William, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £25. A captain of the
Archers in 1627.
Hodgeson. See Hudson.
Hodsale, John, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s.
Hogan, Gresham, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. The son of
Edmund Hogan, treasurer of the Com-
pany of Cathay (1577-79), and one of
tlie friends, factors, and executors of
Sir Thomas Gresham ; who sent to
Gresliam the memorable " payre of
long Spanish silke stockings, which he
presented to Edward VI., which was
a great present, for Edward's father,
Henry VIII., did weare onely cloath
hose." Gresham Hogan was also a
member of the E. I. Co., and from the
records of that company we find that
he came to " a violent and wilful end,"
in 1621, leaving issue.
Hole, William. He engraved the
pictures in Coryat's "Crudities ;" the
title-page and some of the maps in
Camden's " Britannia," etc. He was
not a member of the Va. Co.
Holecroft, Captain Jeffrey, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Son of Thomas
Holcrof t, of Battersea in Surrey ; was
a captain in the Low Countries.
Holecroft, Captain Thomas, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Came to Vir-
ginia with Lord De la Warr, in 1610 ;
afterwards commanded one of the
forts at Kicoughtan, and died there.
He was the son of Sir Thomas Hole-
croft (see next) ; was the last known
of tlie Vale royal family ; married
Mary, daughter of the Hon. Henry
Talbot (son of George, Earl of Shrews-
bury). His widow married Sir ^Vil-
liam Airmyu (Armyne), baronet (M. P.
HOLECROFT — HOOD
925
for Boston in 1G21 and 1624). She
was a celebrated woman.
Holecroft, Sir Thomaa, 2. Sub.
; pd. £10. Of Vale Royal,
Cheshire ; son and heir of Sir Thomas
Holecroft, knijjlit (i-eceiver of the
Duchy of Lancaster to J^dward VI.),
by Juliana, daughter and heir of Nich-
olas Jemiings, of Poyeton, alderman of
Jjondon.
When a young man, in some quarrel,
he killed Henry, second son of Wil-
liam, fifth Baron Burgli, and brother to
Sir John Burgh ; knighted at York,
April 17, 16U3 ; gentleman of the
privy chamber to King James ; M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1607 ; died Febru-
ary 26, 1620, on which day Chamber-
lain writes, " On Saturday last Sir
Thomas Holcroft, an old Knight that
long since killed the Lord Burgh's
brother, fell down a pair of stairs at
his lodging in the Strand, and so
bruised his skull that he died this
morning " He married, first, Eliza-
beth, daughter of Sir Edward Fellon,
of Gawsworth, Cheshire ; second, Eliz-
abeth, daughter of Sir William Rey-
ner, of Overton, Hants. By his first
wife he had a son, Capt. Thomas Hol-
croft, aforesaid.
Holeman, George, grocer, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £100. Admitted to the
liverj^ in 1,jOO, and was on the Court
of Assistants of the Grocers for many
years, up to 1615. He married, at St.
Mary Woolchurch Haw, November
14, 1574, Miss Alice Staper ; was a
leading member of the E. I. and N.
W. P. companies, and gave a thou-
sand pounds towards the new erection
of the Church of St. Benet Fink,
Broadstreet ward, London. George
Holeman, Jr., his son, I suppose was
admitted to the livery (Grocers) in
1613.
Holland, Earl of. — Henry Rich.
Holland, (Holliland), Samuel,
gent., 3. Sub. ; pd. £37 lOs.
Holland, William. Pd. £12 lOs.
Holies, Sir John, 2. Sub. £75;
pd. £75. Of Houghton, County North-
ampton; son of Denzell Holies, Esq.;
was one of the band of gentlemen
pensioners under Queen Elizabeth and
King James; knighted in Ireland by
Sir William Fitzwilliam, the lord
deputy, in January, 1594; served un-
der his cousin, Sir Francis Vere, and
was with him in the Island voyage ;
comptroller of the household of
Henrv, Prince of Wales, 1610 ; mem-
ber of tlie N. W. P. Co., 1612; created
Baron Houghton of Houghton, July 9,
1616, and Earl of Clare, November 2,
1624. He died October 4, 1637. The
celebrated Denzill HoUis (one of the
five members) was his second son by
his first wife. " The Earl of Clare
was one of Ralegh's earliest and latest
friends, in association with whom he
had served both in court and in camp,
and to wlionx he was attached by re-
ciprocity of sentiments and .similarity
of pursuits."
Holt, Christopher, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . His fair marble tomb in
the south wall of the Quire of Alhal-
lowe's Stane, or Stayning Church,
Langborue ward, London, contained
the following lines: —
" Our Holt (alas !) liath stint his hold,
by Deatii cal'd hence in haste,
Whose Christen name being Christopher
with Christ is better plac't.
In Sawton born of gentle race,
in London spent his days,
A clerke that serv'd in Custom house,
in credit many nayes.
So that altho' we feele the losse
of this so deare a Friend,
His life spent well wliile he was here,
hath gained a better end."
Holt, John, gent., 2. Sub.' ;
pd. £12 lOs. Came to Virginia in 1608.
Hood, Thomas. In Drake's voy-
age round the world, 1577—80 ; iu
Fentou's voyage, 1582-83; was read-
ing a lecture within the Leadenhall on
Geometry, Astronomy, and Geogra-
phy about 1583-84 ; reading the said
lecture in the house of Master Thomas
Smith in Gracious Street in 1588. One
of tliose to whom Ralegh made an
assignment from his charter for colo-
nization, March 7, 1589. "The use
of the Celestial Globe in Plan set
foorth in Two Hemispheres. . . . Set
Foorth by Thomas Hood, Mathemati-
call Lecturer in the citie of London,
sometimes Fellow of Trinitie College
in Cambridge. . . . Imprinted . . .
1590," dedicated to John Lord Lum-
ley and Master Thomas Smith. He
also published the " Use of the Jacob's
Staffe ; " a corrected edition of Bourne's
" Regiment of the Sea ; " a map; " The
Marriner's Guide ; " and other works
in 1590, 1592, and 1596.
" The making and use of the Geo-
metricall Instrument called a Sector.
926
HOOKER — HOWARD
. . . Written by Thomas Hood, Doc-
tor in Physicke, 1598."
Hooker, George, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Hooker, Nicholas, 3. Sub £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. " Royston, Marcli
3, 1615. Grant to William Jordan
and Nicholas Hooker, of London,
nominees of Edward Lord Morley of
the sole printing of a small book,
entitled ' God and the Kinge ; or, a
Dialogue, shewing that our Sovereign
Lord, King James, being ymediate
under God within his Dominions, doth
rightfiillie claime, whatsoever is re-
quired by the Oathe of Allegiance ; '
with instructions for the same to be
taught in Latin and English, in all
schools, as a means to ' season yonge
mindes against the pestilent doctrines
of the Jesuits.' "
Hope, Thomas, a tailor. Came to
Virginia in January, 1608, and proba-
bly returned to England.
Hopkins, John, alderman of Bris-
tol, 2. Sub. ; pd. . February
6, 1610, he wrote to Lord Admiral
Nottingham about the taking of a
Bristol merchant ship by pirates ; of
the pirate Eston, etc. (see State Pa-
pers).
Hore, Robert. *' A man of goodly
stature, of great courage, and given to
the study of cosmography."
Hortop, Job. " Borne at Bourne
in Lincolnshire ; cliief gunner of the
Jesus of Lubec; set on shore by Haw-
kins in 1568; after many miseines he
reached Mexico; ^vas a prisoner to the
Spaniards for 23 years ; namely, two
years in Mexico, one year in the con-
traction-house in Seville, another in
the Inquisition house in Triana, twelve
years in the galleys, four years (with
the cross of St. Andrew on his back)
in the Everlasting-Prison, and three
years a drudge to Hernando de Soria.
The vessel on which he was confined
was taken by an English ship, and he
was landed at Portsmoutli, December
2, 1.500." In 1591 he publislied an
account of his "Travailes," which he
dedicated to Queen Elizabeth.
Hoskins, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. pd. . Youngest son of
John Hoskins, M. P. for Hereford ;
was born about 1566; was of the Mid-
dle Temple ; M. P. for Hereford,
1604-11, 1614, and 1628-29, He made
a noted speech in the Parliament of
1614, for which he was committed to
the Tower <x\ June 8; but was after-
wards enlarged ; made a sergeant at
law, and one of the judges of Wales.
He died August 27, 1638, aged 72.
Houghton, Lord. — John Holies.
Houlden, William. Pd. £12 10s.
Howard, Charles, Lord High Ad-
miral. Son of William Lord Howard
and grandson of Thomas, second Diike
of Norfolk ; was born in 1536 ; am-
bassador to France, 1559; in 1569 was
general of the horse under the Earl of
Warwick in the army sent against
" the Rising in the North ; " succeeded
his father as Lord Howard of Effing-
ham in 1573 ; subscriber to Frobish-
er's voyages, 1576-78. Bourne's " In-
ventions and Devises " and Hellowes's
" Art of Navigation," etc., were dedi-
cated to him in 1578. In 1582 he
was a subscriber to Fenton's voyage;
lord high admiral of England in 1585.
Tanners's " Safety for Sayler ," etc.,
dedicated to him in 1587. Defeated
the Spanish Armada in 1588. An-
thony Ashley's account of his exploits
in 1588. Daunce's Discourse dedi-
cated to him in 1.590; commander-in-
chief at sea in the expedition against
Cadiz in 1596, distinguished himself
there, and is advanced to the dignity
of Earl of Nottingliam. The first vol-
ume of Hakluyt's "Principal Naviga-
tions " dedicated to him in 1598. Lieu-
tenant-general of England in 1599, in
which year Edward Wright's " Haven
finding art " was dedicated to him. In
1605 he was sent ambassador to Spain
to take the oath of Philip HI. to the
treaty of August 18, 1604, which was
done at Valladolid, June 15, 1605, and
Cervantes wrote an account of the
festivities on the occasion. Of the N.
W. P. Co., 1612. He retired from
service in 1618, and died December
14, 1624, aged 88. He married, first,
Katherine, daughter of Henry Carey,
first Lord Hunsdon,and secondly, Lady
Margaret Stewart, daughter of James,
Earl of Moray.
Hovrard, Henry, Earl of North-
ampton. Second son of Henry How-
ard, the celebrated Earl of Surrey,
beheaded on Tower Hill January 19,
1547. He was born at Shottisham in
Norfolk in 1539 ; educated at Cam-
bridge; restored in blood by the first
HOWARD
927
Parliament of Queen Elizabeth, 1559.
In 1583 he printed at the Earl of Arnn-
del's press, " A Defensative against
the Poyson of supposed Prophesies,
etc," a very large work. Lodge says,
" he was all but a declared Papist, and
was strongly suspecited of favoring
the cause of the Queen of Scots."
On January G, IGOl, King James made
him constable of Dover and warden of
the Cinque Ports, and on March 13
following, created liim Baron Howard
of Marnliill and Earl of Northamp-
ton ; a pensioner of Spain ; Knight of
the Garter, February -4, 1G05 ; lord
privy seal, April 28, 1G08 ; was Clian-
cellor of the University of Cambridge,
and liigh steward of Oxford. George
Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, is
said to have secured a letter from the
earl to Cardinal Bellarmine, in which
he declared " that, notwithstanding
the temper of the times com])elled him
to dissemble, and the king himself
urged him to turn Protestant, his heart
was still with the Catholics, and he
should be ready to aid them in any
attempt." (Aiken's " Court of James
I." vol. i. p. 442.)
Of N. W. P. Co. in 1G12. After an
illness of about four months, he died
at his mansion at Charing Cross, June
15, 1G14, and was buried in the cliurch
of Dover Castle. He left no children;
his nephew, Thomas Howard, Earl of
Suffolk, was his heir. He founded
three hospitals: at Greenwich, at Clun
in Shropshire, and at Castlerising in
Norfolk.
Howard, John, clerk. See Hai-
ward.
Howard, Theophilus, Lord How-
ard of Walden, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£137 10s. Eldest son of Thomas
Howard, Earl of Suffolk, by his sec-
ond wife, Catherine, daughter of Sir
Henry Knevet, and widow of the
Hon. Richard Rich, eldest son of Lord
Rich. He was, in his father's lifetime,
summoned to the House of Peers,
during the whole reign of James I.
(1603-1625) by the title of Lord How-
ard of Walden.
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
He was an orncer in the expedition
sent under Sir Edward Cecil to the
siege of Juliers in 1610, where he
had a noted quarrel with the notorious
Edward, Lord Herbert of Cherbury.
He was a member of the N. W. P. and
E. I. companies ; was made governor
of the Isle of Jersey and castle cornet
for life in 1621 ; succeeded his father
as Earl of Suffolk, May 28, 162G; in-
stalled at Windsor one of the Knigiits
of the Garter Septendjer 24, 1628,
being then lord warden, chancellor,
and admiral of the Cinque Ports, and
the members thereof ; constable of
Dover Castle ; captain of the Honor-
able Band of Pensioners, and one of
the lords of the Privy Council. He
married Elizabeth, daughter of George
Hume, Earl of Dunbar. He died
June 3, 1640.
Howard, Thomas, Earl of Surrey,
temp. Henrv VIII. Only son of
" Jockey of Norfolk." He defeated the
Scots at Flodden September 9, 1513;
died May 21, 1524. By his second
wife he was grandfather of Charles,
lord high admiral. By his first wife he
was great-grandfather of Henrj', Earl
of Northampton ; great-great-grand-
father of Thomas, Earl of Suffolk;
and great-great-great-grandfather of
Thomas, Earl of Arundel, and of The-
ophilus, Lord Howard of Walden.
Howard, Thomas, Earl of Arundel.
Sub. ; pd. . (In reading
the Virginia Records, Thomas Lord
Arundell of Wardour has been some-
times confused with this Earl of Arun-
del.) Son of Philip, first Earl of
Arundel, the half-brother to Thomas
Howard, Earl of Suffolk ; was born
1585-86 ; restored in blood by act of
Parliament, 1603 ; married Alathea,
daugliter of (xilbert Talbot, Earl of
Shrewsburv; sworn of the Privv Coun-
cil, 1607; 'traveled, 1609-11 ;*K. G.,
May 13, 1611 ; of tlie N. W. P. Co.,
1612; accompanied Elector Pal.atine to
Heidelberg, 1613; visited Italy, 1613-
14 ; joined the Church of England,
1614 ; conducted Gondomar to his first
public audience ; of the Va. Co. of
London, IMarch 2, 1620; of the New
England Council, November 3, 1620 ;
e.arl marshal of Phigland, 1621 ; am-
bassador to States (icneral, 1633 ; to
Emperor Ferdinand II., 1636 (his son,
Henry, Lord Maltravers, was granted
the county of Norfolk, in Virginia,
April 11, 1637) ; went abroad, July,
1641 ; created Earl of Norfolk, June,
1644 ; died at Padua, Italy, October
4, 1646, in his 61st year. The cele-
928
HOWARD _ HOWES
brated patron of fine arts ; the col-
lector of the Arundel niurbles, and
other treasures of antiquity.
Howard, Thomas, Earl of Suffolk,
2. Sub. ; pd. £200. Son of
Thomas Howard, fourth Duke of Nor-
folk, by his second wife, Margaret,
daughter and heir of Thomas, Lord
Audley of Walden; was born in 1561.
In 1572 his father, the Duke of Nor-
folk, was beheaded on account of his
efforts in behalf of Mary Queen of
Scots.
He was restored in blood by act of
Parliament in 1585 ; knighted at sea
for gallant service against the Spanish
Armada by the lord admiral in 1588 ;
commanded the fleet cruising near the
Azores in 1591, which was attacked
by an overwhelming fleet of Spanish
ships, when the bravery of Howard
and of Sir Richard Grenville was so
conspicuously displayed; distinguished
himself at the capture of Cadiz in 1596,
and on his return to England was
summoned to Parliament as Baron
Howard of Walden. One of the
commanders in the noted voyage to
the Azores in 1597; made a Knight of
the Garter May 24, 1597, and soon
after constable of the Tower ; sat on
the trial of the Earls of Essex and
Southampton iu 1601.
The house of Howard had suffered
much on account of their sympathy
for Queen Mary, the mother of King
James, and King James did not for-
get the Howards. Lord Howard was
sworn of the Privy Council in May,
1603 ; was created Earl of Suffolk
July 2, 1603; sat on the trial of Ra-
legh ; made lord chamberlain; he was
a joint commissioner for the office of
earl marshal, February 4, 1604; a dis-
coverer of the Gunpowder Plot, and
active in the incidents connected there-
witli, 1605.
" He refused to become a pensioner
of Spain, but his wife. Lady Suffolk,
fell an easy victim ; " one of those who
sent out Henry Hudson to discover a
Northwest passage in 1610, and an in-
corporator of the N. W. P. Co., July
i'-G, 1612 ; Chancellor of Cambridge
University, 1613 ; lord higli treasurer
of England, July 11, 1614; one of the
commissioners for executing tlie oftice
of earl marslial in 1615, and again in
1617; charged with embezzlement and
dismissed from office, July 19, 1618 ;
accused, with his lady, in the Star
Chamber, October 20,1619; both sent
to the Tower, November 20 ; the earl
was liberated November 29, 1619, his
lady was regarded as really the guilty
one. The earl was restored to royal
favor in January, 1620; was earl mar-
shal, August 29, 1621. He died May
28, 1626, at his house near Charing
Cross, in London, and was buried at
Walden in Essex.
Lodge says, ' ' He was singularly
unfortunate in his wife and in two of
his children, for they were not only
culprits of different casts, but their
faults were such as made it necessary
to expose them by public investiga-
tion ; and these domestic calamities
fell the heavier on him, because he
was a most kind father and husband,
and because, perhaps, they might be
traced to a monstrous and perverted
effect of his own indulgence.
" He was twice married, but by his
first lady, Mary, daughter and co-heir
of Thomas Lord Dacre of Gillesland,
he had no children. His second
countess, of whom so much has been
said, was Catherine, daughter and co-
heir of Sir Henry Knevet, of Charlton
in Vf ilts, and widow of Richard, eldest
son of Robert Lord Rich, one of the
most celebrated beauties of her time.
By her he had a numerous issue."
Their oldest son, Theophilus Lord
Howard of Walden, was M. C. for Va.
One of tiie daughters, Elizabeth, mar-
ried, first, William Knollys, Earl of
Banbury (an uncle to Lord De la
Warr, governor of Virginia), and,
secondlj'. Lord Vaux, '• from which
marriages arose the long agitated
question as to the legitimacy of her
reputed issue by the first husband ; "
another daughter was Frances, " whose
divorce, from Robert Devereux, Earl
of Essex, and subsequent marriage to
Carr, of Somerset, disfigure the history
of the reign in which they occurred."
Howes, Edmund. Of the N. W.
P. Co. He published " The Abridge-
ment of the English Chronicles,"
editions 1607, 1610, 1611, and 1018 ;
also " Stow's Annales continued by
Edniond Howes," editions 1615 and
1031. Stith, in his " History of Vir-
ginia," p. 229, mentions that the com-
pany paid him twelve pounds of to-
HOWELL — IDIAQUES
929
bacco, as a pension for the year ir>22,
for inserting passages concerning Vir-
ginia in his book, and adds, " But he
either never performed the service, or
is at least a writer of that obscurity
and insignificancy that I neither know,
nor can find anything of him."
Ho-well — Ho-wle, Richard, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Hudson — Hodsdon — Hoddes-
ton, etc., Christopher. Second son
of Simon Hodsdon, of Hodsdon and of
Edgeworth in Com. ^liddlesex, by liis
wife Joane, daughter of John Ether-
edge. He was agent and factor of
the Merchant Adventurers in Russia
for 25 years, from about lo53 to 1570.
In 1578 he was a leading citizen and
haberdasher of London ; interested in
Frobisher's Northwest voyages ; with
others he sent a trading vessel to
Brazil in 1580 ; consulted about the
colony to the southwest of Cape Breton
in 1583 ; interested in Davys' s Nortli-
west voyages ; governor of Merchant
Adventurers of Antwerp, 1582 to IGOl.
The date of his death is not known to
me. I take him to be the Christopher
Hodson who was knighted at White liall
July 23, 1003, before the coronation of
the king. He married Alice, daugh-
ter of Alexander Carleill, and sister of
Capt. Christopher Carleill (see Sir
George Barnes, the elder). His "sole
daughter and heyre," Ursula, married
Sir John Lee, son of Sir Thomas Leigh
of Stoneleigh.
Hudson (see Hodgeson), John, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Member of E.
I. Co. "June 7, 1019, John Hodgson
transferred to Francis Whitner two
shares in Virginia, which he passed to
Mr. Xicholas Ferrar. "
Hughes, Rev. Levvis (of Bermudas
Islands), married in 1025, Anne,
relict of John Smith, citizen and
draper of Loudon at St. George, Bo-
tolph Lane.
^C^^L^h^'^o
i?<
C7^^^-
Humble, Richard, esquire, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £100. Of Southwark,
Vintner, and of Goosehayes, County
Essex, esquire, A member of the E.
I. Co., and an alderman of London.
He died in April, 1010, " and lies
buryed in St. Mary Overy's Church
under a fayre monument." His son,
Peter Humble, gent., transferi-ed ten
shares in Virginia to John Burgh on
May 14, 1023. Richard Humble,
Esq., was an ancestor of the present
Earl of Du.lley.
Hungerford, Sir Ed"ward. M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1007, at which date
there were two knights of tlie name ;
but I think this was the son of Sir
Anthony Hungerford, by his Avife
Sarah, daughter of Giles Crouch, of
Cornhill ward, London, because his
mother's sister, Jane Crouch, mar-
ried John Bargrave, of Bifrons, in the
Parish of Patricksborn in Kent, who
claimed to have been the first person
to establish a private plantation in
Virginia.
Hungerford, Sir John, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. . Of Down Am-
prev, Gloucester ; knighted in 1590 ;
M. ^ P. County Gloucester, 1597-98 ;
and for Cricklade, IGOJ— 11.
Huusdon, Lord. — Heury Carey or
Gary.
Hunt, Rev. Robert. Probably
Robert Hunt, A. M., who was ap-
pointed to the vicarage of Reculver,
Kent, January 18, 1594, and resigned
in 1002. (See Richard Bancroft.)
Huntington, Earl of. — Henry
Hastings.
Huntley, Sir George, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £25. Son of John Huntley,
Esq. He was lord of the manor of
Woodchester, Gloucestershire ; died
in 1022 ; married a daughter of Sir
William Wintour of Lydney.
Huntley, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Probably the father of Sir
George aforesaid.
Hunton. See Hinton.
Hyde. See Hide.
Idiaques, Don Juan de. He was
chief secretary of state and of war to
Philip II. of Spain, and one of his con-
fidential advisors in the aft'airs of the
great Armada of 1588. Motley, writ-
ing of him, under 1007, says, " But
Don John of Idiaquez, who had really
been the most efficient of the old ad-
ministration, still remained in the
council [of Pliilip III.]. . . . There
930
INFANTADO — IRBY
was no disposition on the part of the
ancient minister to oppose the new
order of things. A cautious, caustic,
dry okl functionary, talking more with
his shoulders than with liis tongue,
determined never to commit himself,
or to risk shipwreck by venturing
again into deeper waters than those of
the harbor in which he now hoped for
repose, Idiaquez knew that his day of
action was past." (Motley's " United
Netherlands," iv. 353, 354.)
Infantado, Duke de. Don Rod-
eric Dias de Vivar de Hurtado de
Mendoza Sandoval de la Vega et
Luna, seventh Duke of Infantado, who
died in 1657 without issue.
Ingrain, Arthur, esquire, tallow-
chandler, 3. Sub. £75; pd. £75. Son
of Hugh Ingram, of London, mer-
chant, by his wife, Anne Galthrope.
His parents were married in St. Mary
Woolnoth Church, London, May 25,
156'2, and he was probably born about
1565-70. He became a member of the
Tallowchandlers' Guild, and an active
man of affairs; comptroller of the cus-
toms for London, 1608, and after ;
M. P. for Stafford, 1609-11 ; M. C.
for Va. Co., 1612 ; member E. I Co.;
knighted at Theobald's, July 9, 1613.
He married, first, Susan, daughter of
Richard Brown, of London, by whom,
with other issue, he had Arthur (Sir),
his heir, of the same name, knighted
July 16, 1621, with whom he is fre-
quently confused. His first wife died
prior to 1613, and Chamberlaine says
he married (secondly), early in Septem-
ber, 1613, " a young widow, Holyday,
a proper woman, worth £3,000. She
had withstood an army of wooers, and
I think now lighted on the worst."
Burke gives her maiden name as
"Alice Ferrers." She bore her hus-
band one son, and died in October,
1614. Sir Arthur Ingram was chosen
sheriff of London, June 27, 1614, but
refused to serve ; was sworn cofferer
to the king's household, February 25,
1615, and displaced in Jidy following.
There was some trouble about the
office. Chamberlaine wrote July 20,
1615, "He means, they say, to retire
to his place at York, and hath con-
tracted to give Sir Edward (ireville
£22,000 for the best of his lands, and
to marrji one of his danr/kleis and heirs."
He had made extensive purchases in
the County of York, including the
manor of Temple Newsom (from the
Duke of Lennox), where Lord Darnley,
the king's father, was born ; and he
was also interested in the alum mines
in that county. He married, thirdlj^,
Mary, daughter of Sir Edward Gre-
ville. He was sheriff of York, 1619 ;
M. P. for Appleby, 1621-22, and for
York, 1624-25, 1625, 1626, and
1628-29. He died in 1642, and was
succeeded by his son. Sir Arthur, who
died in 1655, whose son, Henry In-
gram, was created Viscount Irvine and
Baron Ingram, May 23, 1661; an an-
cestor of the IMarquis of Hertford.
Ingram, David. Of Barking, Essex,
and aged about fifty in 1582 ; was put
ashore by Hawkins, October 8, 1568,
north of the Bay of Tampico, Mexico ;
traveled northward, and within twelve
months reached the Atlantic coast
" about 50 leagues from Cape Brittou,"
where he found a French vessel, which
carried him and his two comrades
(Richard Brown and Richard Twide)
to England, " anno 1569." He was ex-
amined by Walsingham and others as
to America to the southwest of " Cape
Britton," in August, 1582, and the
same year published "The Relation"
of his travels in America ; which was
afterwards used by Hakluj't in his
edition of 1589 ; but omitted from the
edition of 1599, probably because
Ingram had evidently drawn, for some
of his descriptions, on Sir Thomas
Moi-e's " Utopia."
Ingram, Captain John. Member
of the N. W. P. Co., July 26, 1612.
The charter "grants to Thos. Button,
captain of the Resolution, and John
Ingram, master of the Discovery, and
to the mariners and companies of
those ships who set to sea in April,
1612, for discovery of the said passage,
and to their executors all customs from
December 15, 1616, to December 15,
1617." I take him to be John Ingram,
of Milborne, County Cornwall, who
was granted a pardon for piracy De-
cember 13, 1611.
Ipswick, BailiSes of, 3. Sub.
; pd. £100.
Ii'by, Anthony, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Whap-
load. County Lincoln ; was bred to the
law; M. P. for Boston, 1588-89;
" one of the Masters of the Bench of
ANNE
^ucen ol Janiis r
IRBY — JAMES
931
the Hon. Society of Lincoln's-inn, Lon-
don, in 32 Eliz. and the following- year
Autumn Reader to the Society. His
arms were depicted in the third win-
dow of the chapel, towards the north."
(Collins.) He purchased the manors
of Moulton, etc., 38 Elizabeth ; was
M. P. for Boston, 1597-98, IGOl,
1G04-11, 1614, and 1G21-22. He was
also au alderman and the recorder of
Boston. May 23, 1G20, he transferred
two of his shares in Vii'ginia to
Sir Nicholas Tufton ; was buried in
Whapload Church, October G, 1G23.
Richard Bellingham (afterwards gov-
ernor of Ma.ssaclui.setts) succeeded
bim as recorder of Boston. His sou
Anthony, knighted June 2, 1G24 (the
ancestor of the Lords Boston), married
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Pey-
ton, Bart., of Iselham, County Cam-
bridge.
Ironsides, Richard, leather-seller,
2. Sub. ; pd. £75. Member of
the Rus., E. L, and N. W. P. com-
panies. He died in 1627, and lies under
" A fair monument on the Northside
of the clianeel of St. Faith's in Fariug-
don Ward Within, London."
Isaacksoii, Powell, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . Son of William Isaacson, of
Sheffield in County Yorke, by Ellen,
daughter ot Thomas Waplade of Ban-
bury, Com. Oxford.
Isham George, ironmonger, 2. Sub.
; pd. £37 lUs. Also of N. W.
P. Co.
Jackson (see Juxon) Henry, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Jacobson, Peter, of Antwerp,
merchant, 2. Sub. ; pd. £50.
Jacobson, Philip, of Antwerp, jew-
eler, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £62 "lOs.
Of St. Margarets Parish, in Billings-
gate ward, Loudon ; one of the king's
jewelers ; was the sou of Jacob Jacob-
son de Antwerp. March 18, 1614, he
bought the great diamond of the E. I.
Co., paying £535 therefore.
Jacques, Gabriel. Pd. £25.
Jadwine, Thomas, cutler. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £75. Son of Will-am
Jadwyn, of Barwick, escpiire; married
Lucy, daughter and heir of Sir John
Skillicorne, of Preshall, in County
Lancaster, knight. I tliink the above
correct ; but when he died, in 1627, his
then wife (possibly secoud wife) was
named Elizabeth. (See his Will in
"New Eag. Reg.," October, 1888,
p. 393.)
^//M^%^
James I. See Stuart.
James, Edward, merchant-tailor,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £1. Of E. I.
and N. W. P. companies.
James, Thomas, 1. Of Bristol,
merchant. William James, from St.
John's Brecknock and afterwards of
WoUastou and Tidenham, married
Margaret Warren. Their son, Thomas
James, of whom I write, was " born at
Wollaston and married at Almonds-
bury, to which parish he left a small leg-
acy;" aided in sending out the Mary-
Howre and other vessels to prey upon
the shipping of Spain in 1585 and after.
He was sheriff of Bristol in 1591, in
which year, on September 14, he wrote
a letter to Cecil i-egarding the discov-
ery of the Island of Ramea near New
Foundland. " He was made au al-
derman of Bristol in 1604, was mayor
in 1605 and 1614, and represented the
city in three Parliaments, namely,
1597-98, 1604-11, and 1614." M. C.
for Va., November 20, 1606; had a
dispute with John Whitson in 1016-17.
" He died in January, 1619, possessed
of considerable property, and was car-
ried to his tomb in St. Mark's Chapel
by the four mayor's Serjeants. His
effigy, kneeling in prayer with an open
Bible upon his desk, may yet be seen
in the south end of the aisle of the
Church of St. Mark."
He left four sons and five daugh-
ters. The eldest son, Thomas James,
chose the hgal profession, and "be-
came a ricli barrister at law of the
Inner Temple, possessed of all that
was calculated to make life easy and
happy ; w.as interested in tiie sup-
posed North West Passage, left the
(juietude of his chambers, and adven-
tured his substance and his life in a
noble attempt to solve that problem."
He made his voyage in tlie Henrietta
Maria, of 70 tons, from May 2, 1631,
to October 22, 1632; saw sea service
before and after thisj died m 1665.
932
JAMES — JONES
Capt. Thomas James wrote an ac-
count of his " Strange and Dangerous
Voyage in his intended Discovery of
the Northwest Passage into the South
Sea," which was published in 1633.
"His Map is a singularly correct de-
lineation of the high latitudes for that
time."
James, "William, Lord Byshopp of
Duresme, 3. Sub. ; pd. . He
was chaplain to Robert Dudley, Earl
of Leicester, and was the last of his
coat that was with him in his sickness.
Dean of Durham, 1596 ; bishop, 1606;
died May 12, 1617.
Jermyii, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Of Rushbrooke
in Suffolk; M. P. Sudbury, 1588-89;
knighted by the Earl of Essex before
Rouen in 1591; M. P. Andover, 1604-
11; Bury St. Edmunds, 1021-22,
1624-25, 1625, 1626, 1628-29, 1640,
etc.; was comptroller of the household
to King Charles I., and father of the
first Earl of St. Albans.
Jewell, James. Pd. £25.
Jobson, Humfiey, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Jobson, Walter. Pd. £25.
Jobson, William. Pd. £25.
Johnson, Edward, esquire. Of the
Inner Temple ; an eminent lawyer ;
patented lands in Virginia in 1(322 ;
one of the commissioners for the
Caribbee Islands in 1637; still living
in 1642.
Johnson, Humfrey, gent. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. .
Johnson, Robert, merchant- tailor.
Pd. £60.
Johnson, Robert, grocer, 2. Sub.
£60 ; pd. £241. He was a brother to
John Johnson, of Abbot's Anne in
Hampshire, Archdeacon of Worcester;
sworn a free brother of the Grocers,
January 15, 1586, an incorporator of
the E. L Co. in 1600 ; a director of
that company in 1606, and frequently
thereafter; an incorporator of the N.
W. P. Co., and one of the purchasers
of the Bermudas Islands in 1612. On
the Court of Assistants of the Grocers'
Company, 1613; an incorporator of the
B. I. Co. in 1615. He was " Director
of The Magazine," Deputy Treasurer,
and M. C. for Va. Co., and renter of
the Grocers' Company in 1616; sheriff
of London, 1617; junior warden of the
Grocers and alderman from Cornhill
ward in 1618; a defeated candidate for
treasurer and deputy of the Va. Co.
in 1619 ; recommended to that com-
pany as a lit person for treasurer b}'
King James in 1620. A witness in
Bacon's case, 1621. On October 22,
1622, the New England Council con-
sulted Mr. John Selden and Mr. Robert
Johnson, " concerning the heads of ye
new Grand Patteut." He was a mem-
ber of the Smythe faction in 1623; on
the commission of July 15, 1624, for
the V^a. Co. affairs ; governor of the
B. I. Co. in 1625, and in 1626 he is
mentioned as then "alderman of Lon-
don, governor of Virginia and Bermu-
das companies," etc. He had a house
at Bow, and Capt. John Bargrave says,
" The idea of taking away of the Pat-
ent from the Virginia Company was
hatched at Alderman Johnson's house
at Bow at the King's being there."
He was probably the author of
"Nova Britannia" (LXVIII.) and of
"New Life of Virginia" (CCX.) and
as these show a knowledge of history,
he was possibly the Robert Johnson
who translated from Botero "An His-
torical description of the most famous
Kingdomes and Common-Weales in
the Worlde," which was published in
1601, and again with additions in 1603.
He left an only daughter and sole
heir, Martha Johnson, who married
Timothy, seventh son of Sir Thomas
Middleton, Lord Mayor.
r^s^^F^^^/
Johnson, Sir Robert, 2. Sub.
; pd. £56. M. P. Monmouth, 1597
and 1601; clerk of the Deliveries of
the Ordnance ; knighted at White-
hall, Jidy 10, 1604; M. P. Monmouth,
1604-11 and 1614.
Johnson, Thomas, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £62 10s.+£2. A
member of N. W. P. Co.
Johnson, Thomas, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £l+£25.
Johnson, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. This name is given as
Johnson by Stith; but I take it to be
the William Janson or Jonson who
paid £37 10s.
Jones, Francis, esquire, haber-
dasher, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £37
JONES— JUXON
933
lOs. Sou of John Jones, of Claverley
in the County of Salop; sheriff of Lou-
don, 1610-11 ; alderman of Aldgate
ward from July 18, 1010; N. W. P.
Co., 1612; was a farmer of the cus-
toms; knighted March 12, 1617; lord
mayor, 1620, and resigned January 22,
1621; resided at Welford and had a
town-house in the city in the parish of
St. Andrew's Uudershaft; died at Wel-
ford in 1022.
Jones, Inigo. The great architect;
born about 1.j73; died in 1652.
Jones, Zachary, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £10.
Jousou (Johnson), Ben. One of
the most celebrated English poets ;
poet laureate to James I., 1619; M.
A., Oxford, July 19, 1(520 ; chronol-
oger of London, September 2, 1628;
died August 6, 1637, and was buried
in Westminster Abbey under a tomb
whose only inscription was, " O ! rare
Ben Johnson."
Jordan (Jourdan), Samuel,
emigrated to Virginia at an early
date; was a member of the first Legis-
lature in America " convented att
James city in Virginia July ye 30th,
1619," as a representative or Burgess
for Charles Citj', and served on an
important committee. His plantation,
" Jordan's Jorney," was one of the
alliterative names which soon became
the fashion in the colony, e. g. : Pace's
Pains, Cawsey's Care, Chaplain's
Choice, etc., and his residence, 'Beg-
gar's Bush," was possibly the first in
the colony to receive a name.
" December 10, 1620, he was granted
by patent 450 acres in the Territory
of Greate Weyonoke, Charles Cittie."
After the massacre of March 21, 102|,
"Master Samuel Jorden gathered to-
gether but a few of the stragglers
about him at Beggar's Bush, where he
fortified and lived in despight of the
enemy." Governor Francis Wyatt
wi'ote from Virginia in April, 1622,
" that he thought fit to hold a few out-
lying places including the Plantaeion
of Mr. Samuel Jourdans; but to aban-
don others and concentrate the Colo-
nists at Jamestown." July 3, 1622,
Mrs. Mary Tue assigned 100 acres of
land lying in Diggs his hundred to
Samuell Jordan of Charles Hundred,
gentleman. He died prior to April,
1623, leaving a wife, Cicely (born in
1600, came to Virginia in the Swan
in August, 1611) and at least two chil-
dren, Mary and Margaret Jordan,
both born in Virginia.
Three or four days after Mr. Jor-
dan's death, the Rev. Greville Pooley
courted his widow and thought he was
accepted ; but some time thereafter
she contracted herself to Mr. William
Ferrar before the governor and coun-
cil, and disavowed the former contract.
Parson Pooley, however, was not will-
ing to be passed over, and laid his
claims before the governor and coun-
cil, "June 4, 1623, they examined
Capt. Isaac and j\Iary Maddison and
Serj. John Harris touching the sup-
posed contract of marriage between
Mr. Greville Pooley and Mrs. Cicely
Jordan 3 or 4 days after her hus-
band's death." It was too knotty a
question for the Virginia court, and
they referred it to the Council in
London, and on April 24, 1624, the
depositions in the case wei-e laid on
their table, and after reading same,
the court " entreated the Rev. Samuel
Purchas to confer with some civilians,
and advise what answer was fit to be
returned in such a ease." I suppose
this was the first breach of promise
case in our annals.
I am greatly tempted to discourse
on the old founder, Samuel Jordan ;
but brevity is the rule, and I must re-
sist this temptation. He was probably
married more than once, and many
very good people, now upholding the
country in letters and affairs, claim
descent from him.
Joseph, Captain Benjamin. He
was killed in a fight with the Portu-
guese in the East Indies in INIarch,
1617, while captain of the Globe in
the service of the E. I. Co. He is
spoken of as a man of extraordinary
note and respect.
Joshua, John, gent., 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Joy, M. " Afterwards gentleman
of the King's chappel."
Juxon, Thomas, Sr., merchant-
tailor, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Son
of John Juxon, of London, and uncle
of William Juxcm, Bishop of London.
He was of the N. Fid., E. I., and X.
W. P. comjianies ; died in 1620. (See
Will in "N. E. Register," July, 1889,
p. 304.) Bishop Juxon attended
934
KEILE — KILLIGREW
Charles I. on the scaffold, and to him
the king addressed his last mysterious
word, "Remember."
Keile, Sir John, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Kelke, Sir Charles, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of Lincolnshire ; knighted
at Whitehall, July 23, 1603.
Kendall, Master Abraham. Was
on Drake's voyage to America, 1585—
86 ; proposal to leave him at Roanoke,
June 8, 1586 ; on Dudley's voyage to
the West Indies, 1594—95. He died
at Porto Bello in Central America in
1597, leaving the plans and papers of
which Sir Robert Dudley made good
use. Dudley said that John Davis
and Abraham Kendall were the best
and most expert mariners that Eng-
land ever had.
Kendall, Captain George. Went
to Virginia in the first expedition of
1606-07, and was executed there in
the fall of 1607. I believe that he
was a cousin to Sir Edwin Sandys.
At a little later date we find Edwin
and Miles Kendall, cousins of Sir
Edwin Sandys, in the Bermudas, and
I believe all these Kendalls to belong
to the same family. George, Edwin,
and Miles were favorite names in the
Sandys family. Sir Edwin Sandys of
the Ya. Co. had a first cousin of the
same name living at Latimers, whose
daughter Dorothy married a Mr.
Kendall, whose pedigree I have not
found ; but I believe Capt. George
Kendall to be one of this family.
Keneridgebury, Richard, gent.,
2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. (So in
Stith ; but the correct name is " Rich-
ard Knaresborough.")
Kensington, Lord. — Henry Rich.
Kent, Henry. Pd. £25. Probably
Henry Kent, of London, haberdasher,
or his son, Henry Kent, Master of
Arts and fellow of King's College in
Cambridge.
Keth (or Keith), Rev. George.
He came to Virginia in 1617 ^vitll his
wife and son. His wife died in 1624.
He held a patent in Elizabeth City in
1626.
Ketley (or Keightley), Thomas,
2. Sub ; pd. . Was one of
the committee of directors of the Va.
Co., April 28, 1619 ; an active mem-
ber of the Sandys party ; had a dif-
ficulty with William Canning in 1623
over the voting on the surrender of
the Virginia charter. He married
" Rose, daughter of Thomas Evelynge,
of Long Ditton in Surrey, Esq."
Kettleby, John, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Keymis — Kemys, Captain La'w-
rence. Committed suicide while in
Guiana with Ralegh, 1617-18.
Killigrew, Sir Robert, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £110. Of Hauworth and
Lothburg ; eldest sou of Sir William
Killigrew, and brother to Elizabeth
Killigrew, who married Sir Maurice
Berkelev ; M. P. for St. Mawes in
1601 ; knighted at Hanworth, July 23,
1603 ; M. P. for Newport, 1604-11 ;
M. C. for Va., 1607 ; M. C. for Va.
Co., 1609 ; " committed to the Fleet
prison from the council table for hav-
ing some little speech with Sir Thomas
Overbury, who called to him as he
passed by his window, as he came from
visiting Sir Walter Ralegh in May,
1613 ; " M. P. for Helston in 1614 ;
keeper of Pendennis Castle for life,
July 7, 1614 ; granted the office of
prothonotary of chancerv, etc., for life,
October 31, 1618 ; M. P. for Newport,
1621-22 ; succeeded to his father's
estate in November, 1622 ; a member
of the commission for winding up the
affairs of the Va. Co. of London, July
15, 1624. According to the " Life of
Mr. Nicholas Ferrar," written by his
brother, John Ferrar, and edited by
Dr. Peckard in 1790, the attested
copies of the MSS. Records of the
Va. Co. of London (1619-24), now
preserved in the library of Congress
at Washington, were copied for Mr.
Nicholas Ferrar, and by him presented
to the Earl of Southampton, " who
was afterwards advised not to keep
them in his own house, lest search
should be made there for them ; but
rather to place them in the hands, and
entrust tliem to the care, of some par-
ticular friend. Which advice, as the
times then stood, he thought proper to
follow. He therefore delivered them
into the custody of Sir Robert Killi-
grew, who kept them safely till he
died. He left and recommended them
to the care of Sir Edward Sackville,
late Earl of Dorset, who died in May,
1652." The latter part of this state-
ment must be an error, because Killi-
KILLIGREW — LAKE
935
grew was really a member of the com-
mission from which those copies were
to be especially concealed, and because,
it seems, they were really bought by
Colonel Byrd directly from the bouth-
ampton estate.
In June, 1625, Sir Robert Killi-
grew was one of " the special commis-
sioners for the affairs of Virginia."
M. P. for Penryn, 1024-25; for
Cornwall, 1G25 ; for Tregony, IGllG ;
and for Bodmin, 1027-28 ; " a mem-
ber of the special commission ap-
pointed June 27, 1031, for the better
plantation of Virginia." He died in
JMay, 1033, and left by his wife jSIary,
daughter of Sir Henry AVodehouse of
Xorfolk, quite a large family, amongst
whom, Hcnrj', Thomas, and Sir Wil-
liam Killigrew, the authors. His wife
was a niece to Lord Bacon, and he
was an uncle to Sir William Berkeley,
who was so long the governor of Vir-
ginia.
Killviltagh, Viscount. — Edward
Conway.
King, John, Bishop of London.
Was born about 1559 ; was chaplain
to Queen Elizabeth ; Archdeacon of
Xottingham and Dean of Christ
Church ; consecrated Bishop of Lon-
don, September 8, 1011 ; entertained
Pocahontas in 1010 ; collected £1,000
towards the proposed college at Hen-
rico, Va. ; was admitted to the Va.
Co., May 17, 1020, and chosen one of
His Majesty's Council for Va. Co.
Died March 30, 1021, and was buried
in St. Paul's.
King, Captain John, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. . Master of Prince
Henry's ship about 1010. (Possibly
one of the Captains King of the Vo..
Co. went with Ralegh to Guiana in
1617. The only one of his officers
who remained faithful to the last,
assisting Ralegh in his attempt to
escape.)
King, Ralph, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £02 10s. There were two leading
merchants of this name in London at
tliis time. One, a vintner, was church-
warden of St. Mary Woolnoth, and
related to John King, Bishop of Lon-
don. Tlie other, a grocer, wlio got
himself into trouble with the English
l.ast India Company by making an
adventure to the East Indies in a ship
of Brest.
Kingslynne, Towne of, 3. Sub.
• — — ; pd. £75.
Kirkham, Walter, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £10.
Kirrill. See Carvil.
Kirrill, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. (Kirrell, Kerell, Carril,
C'arryll, Caryll, etc. The correct
spelling is probably Caryll.)
Kaiaresborough. See Keneridge-
bury.
Knightley, Richard, esquire. Eld-
est son of Thomas Knightley, Esq., of
Burghall, Stafford ; born about 1593;
acquired Fawsley on death of his rela-
tive. Sir Valentine (next), in 1018 ;
was M. P. Xorthamptonshire, 1021-
22, 1024-25, 1025, and 1027-28; sheriff
of that shire in 1026. Died November
1, 1039.
Knightley, Sir Valentine, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Son of
Richard Knightley of Northampton ;
was M. P. for Tavistock, 1584r-85,
1580-87 ; for Northampton, 1593, and
for Countv of Northampton, 1004-11;
knighted May 11, 1003; N. W. P. Co.,
1012. Died 'December 9, 1018.
Knollys, Captain Francis. After-
wards knighted in Holland ; was the
elder brother of AVilliam Lord Knol-
lys ; was M. P. for city of Oxford,
1575 to 1589, and for Berkshire, 1597
and 1000-11.
Knollys, "William Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Second son of Sir
Francis Knollys by his wife, Catharine
Cary (first cousin to Queen Elizabeth).
He was M. P. for Tregony, 1572-83 ;
County Oxford, 1584-85, 1593, 1597-
98, and 1001 ; was knighted about
1590-92 ; created Baron Knollys, May
13, 1003, Viscount Wallingford, 1016,
and Earl of Banbury, 1020 ; was suc-
cessively comptroller of the household,
1590 ; treasurer of the household,
1001; master of wards, 1016; Knight
of the Garter, 1015. Died Ma}' 25,
1032, aged 88. ( Vide Burke, " Extinct
Peerage.") He was an uncle to Lord
De la Warr, the first lord governor of
Virginia.
Lake, Sir Thomas. He was first
employed by Sir Francis Walsingham
as an amanuensis. By his recom-
mendation Queen Elizabeth appointed
him clerk of the signet. He was
knighted by King James at Green-
936
LANCASTER — LAWRENCE
wich, May 20, 1603 ; of N. W. P. Co.,
1612 ; made a privy councilor in 1614,
and joined principal secretary of state
with Sir Ralph Winwood in January,
1616, at which time he was a pensioner
of Spain. His daughter married Wil-
liam Cecil, Lord Roos, and he became
involved in the family troubles with
the Countess of Exeter of 1618-19,
which resulted in the loss of his sec-
retaryship. He died September 17,
1630, and was buried October 19, fol-
lowing at Stanmore Parva, Middlesex.
He is one of Fuller's Worthies of
Hampshire.
Lancaster, Sir James. Of the E.
I. and N. W. P. companies ; the cele-
brated navigator ; a native of Bish-
opstoke in Hampshire ; sailed on a
voyage to the East Indies in 1591 ;
returning, was wrecked on the island of
Moua in the West Indies, 1592; was
an incorporator and director of the
first E. I. Co., December 31, 1600 ;
sailed for the East Indies on the first
voyage of the E. I. Co. in 1601, and
after his return was knighted at Win-
chester in October, 1603 ; " possessed
of some wealth, lived in his house in
St. Mary Axe, and actively promoted
all voyages of discovery. He died in
1618."
Landman, Christopher. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £50. Clerk of the robes
and wardrobe to Henry, Prince of
Wales. He was one of the book-
keepers of the E. I. Co. in 1614, when
be was applauded as one of the most
perfect and sufficient accountants in
London.
Landman, John. Pd. £25.
Lane, Captain Ralph. "Second
son of Sir Ralph Lane, of Orlingbury,
and his wife Maud, daughter of Wil-
liam Lord Parr, uncle of Queen
Katherine Parr. He was born in
Northamptonshire about 1530; entered
the queen's service in 1563 ; was an
equerry in her court ; served with
credit against the rebellion of 1569.
Stow describes him as " a projecting
man," " a great projector in those
times;" in 1574-75 he had a project
for raising trooj)S in Kn<rlaiid to serve
against the Turks; in 1576 he " would
have monopolized to himself the com-
mission for the restoration of archerj',"
etc., and had several other projects ;
was interested in Frobisher's voyages.
1576-78 ; proposed sundry projects
against the Spaniards, the kings of
Fez and Algiers, etc., 1577-82 ; in
1584 he proposed to the lord treasurer
to execute certain laws against " the
strangers " forced to England " by
reason of the civil wars in the Parts
beyond seas; " in 1584 he has certain
schemes for Lreland ; February 8,
1585, the queen relieved him from his
government of Kerry and Clan Morris,
" in consideration of his ready under-
taking the Voyage to Virginia for Sir
Walter Ralegh at her Majesty's com-
mandment." On the expedition to
Roanoke, 1585-86 ; member of the
council of war, preparing the defense
of England against the Spaniard, No-
vember, 1587 ; February 14, 1588, he
presented Burleigh with a project for
raising troops of horse ; in 1589 he
was a colonel in the expedition of
Drake and Norris to Portugal. Late
in 1589 he had a project about a silver
mine at Penrhyn (Penduis ?) " dis-
closed to him by a mineral man named
Hugo Cant of Prague."
He was evidently a " projecting
man," and continued to present Bur-
leigh with projects and proposals of
various kinds as long as he lived.
" He was made muster-naaster general
in Ireland, where he was dangerously
wounded ; was knighted by Lord
Dejjuty Fitzwilliam in 1593, and died
in 1604 or 1605.
Langham — Langam, Captaine
George. " Of London, merchant, one
of the Captaines of the city of Lon-
don." Was still living at the Herald's
Visitation of London, 1634, when he
records his pedigree.
Langton — Laughton, Thomas,
fishmonger, 2. Sub. ; pd. £62
10s. "Son of Thomas Langton, of
London, who came out of Lincoln-
shire." Churchwarden of St. Stephen's
in Wallbrooke, London, in 1613.
(The names Langton, Langston,
Longton, Longston, Langhton, etc., all
seem to be used for the same per-
son.)
Latham, Peter, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Lawrence, William. Pd. £12 10s.
He was probably a brother of Mr.
John Lawrence, who bought a share in
Virginia from Sir Thomas Gates June
23, 1620.
LAWSON — LEMOS
937
Lawson, Captain Thomas, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £1'J 10s. Came to
Virginia.
La^ATsoD. See Lewson.
Leate (or Leake), Nicholas, iron-
monger, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £25.
In 1.j83 he was on the committee of
the Mus. Co. appointed to confer with
Mr. Carleill upon his intended dis-
covery, etc., in North America. In
1597, Gerarde says, " He was greatly
in love with rare and fair flowers, for
which he doth carefully send into
Syria, and many other countries."
An incorporator of the E. I. Co. in
IGOO; a director in 1607, and fre-
quently thereafter ; a member of the
committee concerning the plantation
in Ulster, January 28, 1609 ; one of
those who sent out Hudson to the
Northwest in 1610 ; an incorporator
and director of the N. W. P. Co. in
1612 ; master of the Ironmongers in
1616. " On the 24th March, 1616, a
commission was granted to him and
John Dike, to tit out a ship to take
pirates and sea-rovers ; his services
were very valuable in securing the re-
demption of captives from the Turks,
the Dey of Algiers, &c." He was rec-
ommended to the Va. Co. by the king
in 1622, as a fit person for deputy ; on
the Virginia Commission of July 15,
1624 ; master of the Ironmongers in
1626 and 1627. He died June 10,
1631, and his portrait (supposed to be
by Daniel Mytens), was presented to
the company b}' his sons and execu-
tors, Richard and Huet Leate, and it is
now in the Ironmongers' Hall. He
was captain of one of the city trained
bands, " a very grave, wise, and well-
affected cittizen ; who toke very great
paynes " in many public improvements
about Loudon, as well as in horticul-
tural pursuits.
Leavet. See Lever.
Lee (Leigh, etc.), Sir Francis, 3.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £33 6s. 8d. He
was the grandson of Sir Thomas Lee,
the Lord Mayor of London in 1558,
and the son of Sir William, of King's
Newenham in County Warwick, by
his wife Frances, daughter of Sir
James Harington, of Exton. He was
made a Knight of the Bath at the
coronation of James I.; was M. P. for
Oxford, 1601 and 1604-11.
He married the Hon. Mary Egerton,
daughter of Thomas Lord EUesraere,
lord chancellor of England. Their
son, Francis Leigh, was created Earl
of Chichester.
Lee (or Leigh), Henry, gent., 2.
Sub. ; j)d. £12 10s. Came to
Virginia in 1608, and died there in
1609.
Lee, Hugh. " November 8, 1611,
grant to Hugh Lee of the office of
consul for the merchants trading to
Lisbon and Portugal."
Leedes, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. . Of Suffolk;
made a Knight of the Bath at the
coi'onation of James I., July 25, 1603.
Legate, John, gent., 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. . "Clerk of the check
at Cliatliani."
Leicester, Earl of. — Robert Dud-
ley and Robert Sidney.
Leigh — Lee, Captain Charles.
" Son of John Leigh, Esq., of Adding-
ton in Surrey, by his wife Joane,
daughter and heir of .John Oliph, of
Foxgrave in Kent, gentleman, and al-
derman of London." Charles Leigh's
grandmother, Ann Carew, was sister
to Sir Nicholas Carew, the grandfather
of Sir Walter Ralegh's wife. He was
on a voyage to Ramea, in the Gulf of
St. Lawrence, in 1597 ; on the West
India voyage of the Earl of Cumber-
land in 1598, " on the 4th of May he
left the fleet, and in his owne Barke,
called the Blacke Lee, runne himselfe
alone for the River of Orenoque." He
sailed to plant a colony in Guiana on
March 21, 1604 ; died there March
20, 1605, and tlie colony was aban-
doned.
Leigh — Lee, Sir Olive (or Ol-
iph). Of Addington; born November
24, 1559 ; the elder brother of Capt.
Charles Leigh. The vessel which he
sent (April 14, 1605) to the relief of
his brother's colony never reached
there. Sir Oliph Leigh died March
14, 1612. (Sir Thomas Leigh (1639-
77), a great-grandson of Sir Oliph
Leigh, married Hannah Rolfe, who is
said to have been a descendant from
John Rolfe and Pocahontas of Vir-
ginia.)
Lemos, Count. " Pedro Juan,
Count de Lemos, born 1564; president
of Council of the Indies, 1603 ; distin-
guishes himself at siege of Ostend,
1604 ; captain-general, 1604 ; viceroy
938
LENNARD — LODGE
of Naples, 1612 ; died at Valladolid
December, 1634." (Cates.)
Lennard, Sir Samuel, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £62 10s. Of West
Wickham in Kent ; born in 1553 ;
knighted Jnly 23, 1603 ; benefactor of
Hayes ; buried April 15, 1618. He
married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Stephen Slany, alderman of London.
Lenox, Duke of. — Ludovic Stuart.
Leppington, Lord. — Robert Carey
or Gary.
Lerma, Duke of. Francisco de
Roxas de Sandoval, Duke of Lerma,
born about 1545-50. As Marquis of
Denia he was the chamberlain to Don
Philip, who, when he succeeded to the
Spanish throne, in 1598, as Philip III.,
created his faithful chamberlain, Duke
of Lerma, prime minister of Spain, etc.
He became the wealthiest and most
powerful man in Spain, " the power
behind the throne, greater than the
throne itself." In 1599 he equipped
a fleet against England ; 1602, sent a
fleet to assistance of the Irish, which
was dispersed by a storm ; 1604, con-
cluded peace with England. He en-
gaged Cervantes to write an account
of the festivities and bull-fights with
which the Earl of Nottingham, am-
bassador of King James of England,
was received at Valladolid in 1605,
Vv^hen the treaty of August 18, 1604,
was ratified on June 15, 1605; in 1608
negotiated a truce with the Dutch;
September 11, 1609, procured decree
for proscription of the Moors. No-
vember, l6l6, Carew wrote, " The
Duke of Lerma holds his greatness :
yet [it is] somewhat diminished by
reason of a distraction betweene him
and his son the Duke of Uzeda."
January, 1617, welcomed Lord Roos as
English ambassador to Spain ; 1618,
supplanted by his soti, the Duke of
Uzeda, and, apprehending a storm,
took shelter under a cardinal's hat ;
created a cardinal by Paul V., he re-
tired to Valladolid, whei'e he took part
in the services of the church, passing
his old age in devotion and exercises
of piety. He died in 1625.
Lever, Thomas, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £62 10s. (This name occurs as
Lever, Leavat, and Leverat.) He was
a member of the E. I. and N. W. P.
companies also.
Leveson, Sir John, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of Haling, Kent,
and LilleshuU, Salop ; M. P. for Bos-
siney, 1584 ; knighted befoi-e 1597 ;
M. P. for Maidstone, 1597-98 and
1601, and for Kent, 1604-11. He died
about December, 1613.
Leveson, Richard, esquire. Second
son of the foregoing Sir John Leve-
son. M. P. for Newcastle-under-
Lyne, 1024-25; made a Knight of the
Bath at the coronation of Charles L;
M. P. for Salop in 1626, and for New-
castle-nnder-Ljaie, 1640-44 ; Even-
tually inherited the LilleshuU estate.
Died in 1661, without issue, the last
male of the Levesous of LilleshuU.
Levett, John, merchant, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. (The names. Lever,
Leavat, Leverat, Levet, Levette, Lev-
erette, etc., are very confusing in the
old records.) Mr. Christopher Levette
patented lands in Virginia, and was a
member of the New England Coun-
cil.
Lewellin, Morris, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Of the E. I. Co.
Lewis, Edward, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Sworn to the
freedom in June, 1593 ; still on the
Grocers' books in 1620.
Lewson (or Law^son), William,
mercer, 2. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s.
Admitted to the Mercers by patri-
mony in 1605.
Lichfield, Nicholas, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £6 5s. (See John Mid-
dleton.)
Lincoln, Earl of. — Henry Clinton.
Lindesey, Captain Richard, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Lisle, Viscount. — Robert Sidney.
Litton (or Lytton), "William, es-
quire, 3. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Of
Knebworth, Herts ; eldest son of Sir
Rowland Lytton; November 13, 1620,
lie transferred his three shares in Vir-
ginia to Captain Harvey. He was
knighted July 23, 1624; was M. P. for
County Herts, 1624-25, 1628-1 9, 1640,
and 1640, till secluded in 1648; mar-
ried Anne, daughter of Stephen Slaney,
Esq.; died August 14, 1660, aged 71,
and was buried at Knebworth. An-
cestor of Lord Lytton.
Lodge, Francis. Pd. £25.
Lodge, Luke, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25.
Lodge, Peter. Pd. " in stockins,"
£12 10s.
LODGE — LOVELACE
939
Lodge, Sir Thomas, grocer. Al-
derman of Loudon, 1554: ; sheriff,
1559; lord mayor and knight, 15G2;
a leading man in the Merchant Ad-
venturers, traded to Russia, etc.; was
interested in the Hawkins voyages,
l')G'2-G9. During his mayoralty
(15G2) he had a terriole scrape vvitii
Queen Elizabeth over half a dozen
capons; died in 1583; was the father
of the poet.
Lodge, Thomas. The poet; sou of
Sir Thomas Lodge ; " a servitor of
Trinity College, Oxford ; " " studied
law at Lincoln's Inn; but afterwards
practised medicine; " took the degree
of M. D. at Avignon; first a^ipeared
as an author in 1579; as " T. Lodge; "
from 1584 to 1595, inclusive, as " T.
Lodge of Lincolne's Inne, gentleman;"
and during this period most of his
poetical works appeared. In 1602
" Tho. Lodge, Doctor in Physicke "
translated Josephus. In 1603, under
the same address, he publi.slied " A
Treatise of the Plague," and although
he gives certain cures for the same,
he died of the plague in September,
1605.
Lok or Lock, Michael. Son of
Sir William Lock, alderman, etc.; was
born in 1532; left school. 1545; "trav-
eled 32 years (1545-77) through al-
most all the countries of Ciiristianity; "
was captain of a ship for three years
in divers voyages in the Levant; had
knowledge in languages and in all
matters appertaining to the traffic of
merchants. Hakluyt used some of his
MSS. and maps; a Merchant Adven-
turer; intei'ested in Frobisher's voy-
ages, 1576-78 ; still living in 1612,
when he published his English trans-
lation of Peter Martyr's " Eight Dec-
ades of the History of the West In-
dies," dedicated to his son-in-law. Sir
Julius Cresar. He married, first, Joane
Wilkinson, and, secondly, the widow
of Dr. Csesar, the motlier of Sir Ju-
lius. Jolin Locke, the philosopher, de-
scended from him, (In Queen Mary's
reigti his sister Rose and her Inisband
Anthony Hickman " sheltred manie of
the godlie Preachers (Fox, Hooper,
Knox, etc.) in theirc house.")
Londonderry, Earl of. ^Thomas
Ridgeway.
Lore. See Van Lore.
Lorkin, Rev. Thomas. He seems
to have been a traveling tutor to
Thomas Puckering about 1611, and
after to a son of tho Earl of Mon-
mouth. He was secretary to the em-
bassy at Paris at the end of the reign
of King James and the beginning of
King Charles, and is thought to have
perislied in a storm at sea in Novem-
ber, 1625, when bringing dispatches
from Paris to England.
Love, Thomas. Of Plymouth ;
member of the African Company in
1618. I take him to be the Capt.
Thomas Love, afterwards of the New
England Company and Council. lu
the Algiers voyage of 1620 (see Mau-
sell). Knighted at Plymouth, Sep-
tember 23, 1625.
Lovelace, Sir Richard, 3. Sub.
; pd. £25. Seated at Hurley,
Berks ; knighted August 5, 1599;
M. P. Berks, 1601, Abingdon, 1604-
11, Windsor, 1614, and Berks again,
1621-22; sheriff of Berkshire in 1611;
created Lord Lovelace of Hurley, May
30, 1627; died in 1634. Fuller says,
" He had the success to light on the
Ku)g of Spain's West Indian fleet ;
where with he and his posterity are
the warmer to this day." (" Worthies
of Berkshire.")
Lovelace, Captain William, 2.
Sub. ; pd. .
Lovelace, Sir William, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Sir William Love-
lace, of Bethersden in Kent, who, I
think, was knighted in Ireland in 1599;
married Elizabeth, sister of Anthony
Aucher, Esq., and died in 1629, leav-
ing with other issue a son. Sir Wil-
liam Lovelace, of Woolwich, Kent
(whom I take to be the Capt. Wil-
liam of the Virginia charter. May,
1609). He was knighted at Theo-
bald's, September 20, 1(:09; M. P. for
Canterbury, 1614. " February 12,
1617, Captain Argall and his asso-
ciates, here under named, allowed sev-
erall Bills of Adventure for transport
of 24 persons, at their charge to Va.
viz. : Sir William Lovelace, 1 Bill of
£25 ; Sir Antlio. Ancher, 1 Bill of
£50; Mabell Lady Cullamore, 1 Bill
of £50 ; John Argall, Esq., 1 Bill of
£50; John Tredescant, 1 Bill of £.5;
Capt. Sam. Argall, 1 Bill of £100."
(Va. Records.) Sir William of Wool-
wicli married Anne, daughter of Sir
William Barzies, and was the father,
940
LOWER — MANNERING
I think, of Mabell Lady Cnllamore
and of Richard Lovelace, the poet.
He was of an elder branch of the
Barons Lovelace. Col. Francis Love-
lace, probably a brother to the poet,
came to Virginia about 1650.
LoAver, Sir William, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Was of Tre-
venty. County Carmarthen, son of
Thomas Lower, Esq., of St. Winnow,
Cornwall ; sheriff of Cornwall, 1578 ;
M. P. Bodmin, 1601, and for Lost-
withiel, 1604-11; knighted March 11,
1603 ; married Benelope, daughter of
Sir Thomas Parrott, and died in Wales,
April 12, 1615. His widow, in 1619,
married Sir Robert Naunton.
Lukin (Le-wkin, etc.), Mr. Ed-
ward, gent. Sub. £37 10s,; pd. £87
10s. " December 23, 1618. Mr. Ed-
ward Lukin renouncing his Prizes in
ye Lotteries is to have a Bill of Ad-
venture of £25." (Va. Records.)
Lulls, Arnold, goldsmith or jew-
eler, 2. Sub. ; pd. £50. Also of
the E. I. and N. W. P. companies.
(Mr. Stith has this name as " Hulls.")
Maddison, Captain Isaac. He
came to Virginia in 1608, where he was
employed in discovering the covmtry,
probably in making maps of the rivers,
etc., which possibly accounts for the
fact tliPt his name is not given in the
Smith lists of arrivals for that year.
He went to England on business in
1620, and while there, in recognition
of his services in Virginia, on July 10,
1621, he was granted two shares of
land. He was a leading man in Vir-
ginia, and after the massacre of March,
1622, was actively employed against
the Indians. In February, 1624, him-
self and his wife were living at West
and Sherley Hundred ; but he died
before January, 1625, leaving 250
acres of land, planted in the corpora-
tion of Charles City. President James
Madison is said to have been a mem-
ber of the same family.
Maddox, Thomas. Pd. £25. He
sold his two shares in Virginia to Mr.
Stubbs, November 13, 1620.
Maguel, Francis. Probably the
same person mentioned in the fol-
lowing abstract froni " English State
Papers, Domestic," vol. viii. No.
79: —
" December 16, 1610. Examination
of Francis Maguer, sailor of Ratcliffe,
near London. His meeting with Father
Patrick, who tried to persuade him to
join some troops to be sent by the
King of Spain, to persuade the Irish
to rebel. Plots to seize Dublin Castle
and to send the Irish regiment from
Flanders to Ireland. Met the Earl
of Tyrone and Sir William Stanley at
the Spanish court."
Francis Maguel, Maguer, or Ma-
guire (?) was probably an adventurer
or a spy. Tyrone and Stanley were
both regarded in P^ngland as traitors
(one Irish, the other English) to Eng-
land at the court of Spain, and both
were kept informed I'egarding affaii'S
in England by correspondents.
Maile (or Moyle), Thomas, gent.,
2. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s.
Main^waring. See Mannering.
Mallet, Sir John. Of Enmore,
County Somerset ; married Mary,
daughter of Sir John Popham, chief
justice of the King's Bench ; was
made a Knight of the Bath at the
coronation of King James, July 25,
1603 ; M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607 ;
was living in 1614, but probably died
before 1620.
Mallory, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Studley, County York,
son of Sir William Mallory, by Ursula,
daughter of George Gale ; M. P. for
Thirsk, 1601, and Ripon, 1604-11 ;
knighted April 17, 1603 ; married
Anne, daughter of William Lord
Eure.
Manchester, Earl of. — Henry
Montague.
Mandeville, Viscount. — Henry
Montague.
Manhood. See Manwood.
Mannering — Mainv^aring, Sir
Arthur, 3. Sub. £75 ; pd. £25.
Knighted at Charterhouse May 11,
1603; was the carver to Prince Charles,
with whom Mrs. Anne Turner (exe-
cuted for the poisoning of Overburv)
fell in love ; of the N. W. P. Co.,
1612; M. P. for Huntingdon, 1624-25,
1625, and 1626.
Mannering — Mainwaring, Sir
Henry. June 10, 1611, granted the
ofHce of captain of St. Andrew's
Castle, after the surrender of Robert
Gosnold. He was a famous sea cap-
tain ; ranged our coast from the West
Indies to Newfoundland ; sometime
CHARLES STUART
Prince of Wales, aflcrvards Cliarles i.
MANNERING — MANSELL
941
called " Maynwaring the Pirate ; "
was pardoned by the king ; became
lieutenant of Dover Castle ; received
Gondoinar, when he landed there
Marcli 5, IGIO, with compliments, to
which the ambassador "replied by
telling him that he would repay hira
for his courtesy by forgiving him
twelve crowns out of the million which
he had taken from the subjects of the
King of Spain, if only lie would prom-
ise to make good the rest." He com-
posed and presented to Buckingham,
then lord liigh adniirid of England,
about 1619, ''The Seaman's Diction-
ary : or An Exposition and Demon-
stration of all the Parts and Things
belonging to a Sliippe : Together with
an Explanation of all the Termes and
Phrases used in the Practique of Navi-
gation." (Captain Smith goes over
much the same ground in his "Acci-
dence " of IGJG.)
He was kniglited at Wolling, March
20, 1618, at which time he was pre-
paring to enter the service of Venice.
May 15, 1620, the Earl of Dorset
transferred to him ten shares in Vir-
ginia ; and on the 23d following he
transferred five shares to Sir Edward
Sackville. His brother Thomas and
himself both held lands in Virginia.
Early in 1630 Sir Arthur Mannering,
Capt. Will. King, and himself peti-
tioned Charles I. for a grant of the
uninhabited island, Fernando de No-
ronha, in about 4° south latitude, and
the king was pleased to grant the
request of the petitioners.
Mansell — Mansfield, Sir Robert,
3. Sub. £7.5; pd. £97 10s. The third
son of Sir P^dward Mansell, by his wife.
Lady Jane Somerset, youngest daugh-
ter of Henry, Earl of Worcester ; was
born about 1565. He was probably
the " Capt. Mansfield " who was rang-
ing the seas for Spanish prizes as early
as 1592. He was knighted by the Earl
of Essex for gallantry at the taking
of Calais, in 1596 ; and was captain of
the admiral's ship in the fleet under
the said earl, sent to the Azores in
1597 ; vice-admiral of Norfolk in
Elizabeth's reign ; M. P. for King's
Lynn in 1601. In 1602 he destroyed,
near Dover, several Spanish sliips from
Cezimbra, and soon after published
" A True Report of the Service done
upon certaiue Gallies passing through
the Narrow Seas." In 1603 he took a
carrack freighted with pepper, etc. ; in
December, 1603, carried a letter from
Ralegh to Cecil ; in April or May,
1601, he was appointed treasurer of
tlie navy for life, succeeding Sir Fulke
Greville ; M. P, for Carmarthen
County, 1604-11 ; January 11, 1606,
Sir John Trevor and himself recom-
mended Capt. Christopher Newport
to Lord Admiral Nottingliam for the
reversion of the office of one of the
principal masters of the navy. Au-
gust 12, 1606, Mr. John Pory wrote
to Sir Robert Cotton, " to attend the
King of Deimiark on his way home-
ward Sir Robert Mansell is appointed
with the Vanguard and the Moon."
M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607 ; M.
C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609. The
court of the E. I. Co. resolve to admit
him " as a free brother, without any
fine," October 6, 1609 ; for many
years he was one of the directors of
the E. I. Co. As treasurer of the
navy he was a constant assistant in
advancing the interest of the E. I.,
the Mus. and other companies. He
was one of those who sent out Henry
Hudson to the Northwest in April,
1610, and also one of those who espe-
cially aided in sending out Sir Thomas
Gates to Virginia in June, 1611. His
ship, the John and Francis, made sev-
eral voyages to Virginia. He was an
incorporator and one of the first di-
rectors of the N. W. P. Co., July 26,
1612 ; M. P. for Carmarthen County
in 1614 ; member of tlie S. I. or B. 1.
Co., June 29, 1615 ; and in the division
of the islands one of the tribes was
named for him, Mansell's Tribe ; but
he sold out his interest in the island,
and his division was afterwards called
Warwick's Tribe. March 15, 1617,
Chamberlain wrote to Carleton : "On
Tuesday Sir Robert Mansell married
his old Mistress Roper, one of the
queen's ancient maids of honour ; the
wedding was kept at Denmark House
at the Queen's charge, wlio gave them
a fair cupboard of Plate, besides many
good and rich presents from other
friends."
As early as June 1, 1615, he was in-
terested in the glass business, and some
time prior to May, 1618, the Earl of
Pembroke, himself, and some others
" had got the sole patent of making all
942
MANSELL — MARLER
sorts of glass with pit-eoal." Just
prior to May, 1618, "«ir Wm. Russell
bought the treasurership of the navy
from Sir Robert Mansell, who is to be
made vice-admiral of England; " " May
14, 1618, grant to Sir Robert Mansell
of the Lieutenancy of the Admiralty,
&c. for life." Member of the Guinea
and Binney Company, November 16,
1618. "July 20, 16^0, he was ap-
pointed vice-admiral [admiral ?] for
tbe repression of pirates." The fleet
under his command sailed from Plym-
outh October 12, 1620 ; there is some
doubt about the date of its return to
England from the Mediterranean. Sir
George Calvert, writing to Lord Cran-
field, September 12, 1621, says, "The
king had been about to recall Mansell
from the Straits, but all is set right,
and two of the king's ships and ten of
the merchants' ships are to stay there,"
etc. However, he returned some time
before March 25, 1622, and J. B. pub-
lished an account of the " Algiers
Voyage in A Journall ; . . . the fleet
consisting of 18 sayle, viz., sixe of his
Maiesties Ships, Ten Marchants' ships.
Two Pinnaces, Under the Command of
Sir Robert Mansei Knight, Vice-Admi-
rall of England, and Admirall of that
fleet : and a Councell of Warre ap-
pointed by his Majestic," etc. The
" Councell of Warre " were Sir Rob-
ert Mansell, Sir Richard Hawkins, Sir
Thomas Button, Sir Henry Palmer,
Capt. Arthur Manwaring, Capt.
Thomas Love, Capt. Samuel Argall,
and Edward Gierke, esquire and sec-
retary.
November 3, 1620, Sir Robert was
appointed M. C. for N. E. Co., being
then a member of each one of his
majesty's colonial councils. In 1622
we find him attending the meetings
of the N. E. Council, and some time
in this year " Capt. Squibb took pos-
session of Mount Mansell [Mount Des-
ert], in New England, for 8ir Robert's
use," and in the proposed division of
that colony on " Sondaie," June 29,
1623, Sir Samuel Argall drew for Sir
Robert lot 15, being the next lot to
the northward of Sagadahock. M. P.
for Glamorgan in 1624-2.5, and in
1625 ; for Lostwithiel in 1626, and for
Glamorgan again in 1627-28.
April 25, 1635, he was one of those
who voted to resign the Great Char-
ter of the N. E. Co. to the crown.
In 1638, although advanced in age,
he was present at the launching of a
ship. " He was continued as vice-
admiral of England by Charles I.,
lived to a very old age, much
esteemed for his great integrity, per-
sonal courage, and experience in mari-
time afi'airs." The date of his death
is not known to me ; but he was liv-
ing and defending his glass monop-
oly in May, 1642. He is one of the
heroes of Scot's " Duellum Britanni-
cum."
Mansell, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £50. Of Margam in Gla-
morganshire, was the eldest son of Sir
Edward Mansell, and brother of Sir
Robert aforesaid. He married, first,
on July 30, 1582, Mary, daughter of
Lewis Lord Mordant ; she bore him
three sons ; after her death he married,
secondly, Jane, daughter of Thomas
Pole, Esq. M. P. Glamorgan, 1614.
He was created a baronet May 22,
1611. Died December 20, 1631.
Man-wood — Manhood, Sir Peter,
2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. " Eldest
son of the most Reverend, excellent,
and Learned Judge, Sir Roger Man-
wood, Lord Chief Baron of the Ex-
chequer." He was M. P. for Sand-
wich, 1588-89, 1592-93, 1597-98, and
1601 ; made a Knight of the Bath at
the coronation of King James I., July
25, 1603 ; M. P. for Saltash, 1604-11 ;
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609 ; M.
P. for the County of Kent, 1614, and
for New Romney, 1621-22. He was
living in October, 1622. The date of
his death is not known to me.
Mapes, Francis, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Maplesden, Richard, grocer, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. Of St. Bar-
tholomew, near the Exchange, Lon-
don ; married in 1.593, Frances, relict
of Edmund Dawson, of St. Benet Fink,
London ; also of E. I. and N. W. P.
companies.
March. See Marsh.
Marler, Walter. Son of Walter
Marler, the elder, and his wife, Mary
Date (or Dale). His mother was a
"very good friend to Rev. John Brad-
ford, the martyr, and made him a
clean shirt for his burning, which he
alluded to in his last prayer as his
wedding garment." Walter Marler,
MARTIN
94i
the younger, Salter, married in 1584,
Anne, ilaugliter of Sir George Barnes.
Martin, Christopher. i\l. £25.
" Of Billerike in Essex ; " was a part-
ner in Ralph Haiuor's plantation, Jan-
uary 15, 1017 ; purchased four shares
in Virginia of Capt. George Percy,
May 15, 1020 ; sailed for Virginia in
the Mayflower in the suniuier of
1020; landed in New P^ngland, " where
he and all his dyed in the first infection
not long after the arrival." The May-
flower was sent out by the Va. Co. of
London. The patent must have been
for lands along James River, as no
other lands were tiien being taken up.
This company had no right to convey
lands north of 40° north latitude.
Martin, Captain John, 2. Sub.
; pd. £05. Son of Sir Richard
Martin ; was born about 1500-05.
In 1584-85 the Court of Aldermen of
London granted him the next rever-
sion of several places, on condition
that he should apply himself to the
study of the common law. Before he
took his degree in law he betook him-
self to martial affairs. He com-
manded the Benjamin in Drake's voy-
age of 1585-80, which passed along
our coast. He continued in " martial
affairs ; " but I have few particulars of
him until he engaged in the Virginia
enterprise, to which he devoted his life
from IBOO to his death. His biog-
raphy during this period is embraced
in our history, and it will only be nec-
essary to give a brief outline here.
His lirst voyage to Virginia, 1000-03 ;
returned to England in July, 1008 ;
but went back to Virginia in May,
1009, and remained there until late iu
1015, or probably until 1010, when he
was in England for a time, and while
tliere he attempted to obtain (under
his grant of reversion of 1584-85) the
office of " Reader of the Middle Tem-
ple," which had become vacant during
his absence in Virginia ; but, on tiie
ground that he had devoted himself
" to martial affairs," instead of to the
law, as he had been required to do,
he failed to secure the office, although
King James himself, on November 23,
lOlT), wrote an urgent and flattering
letter to the lord mayor (Sir John
Lemon) in his behalf.
November 8, 1010, the Va. Co.
" allowed Captain Martin in reward
ten shares of land in Virginia." He
left England in April, 1017, iu a pin-
nace (the Edwin, Capt. George Bar-
grave ?), and after a live weeks' pas-
sage arrived in Virginia about the
LOlh of May, probably the quickest
passage then on record. He located
his gnuit at Martin's Brandon, on the
James ; his patent was very broad:
" he was to enjoye his laudes in as
larJge and ample manner, to all in-
tentes and purposes, as any Lord of
any Manours in England dothe holde
his grounde," etc. This patent was
complained of, and was the cause of
the first contest iu America on charter-
rights between " The First House of
Burgesses" (July 30, 1010) and their
" very loving friend. Captain John
Martin, Esquire, Master of the Ordi-
nance." It was for some years " a
bone of contention " in the colony and
in the company, and forced him to
make several trips to England. In
January, 1022, William Herbert, Earl
of Pembroke, Robert Rich, Earl of
Warwick, Robert Sydney, Earl of
Leicester, PJiilip Herbert, Earl of
Montgomery, Edmund Lord Sheffield,
Sir Robert Mausell, Sir Thomas
Smythe, Francis West, William St.
Jolm, Robert Johnson, Samviel Argall,
aiul William Canning gave him a
very strong certificate iu support of
his patent ; among other things they
certify that "Jolm Martin had been
a long and faithful servant of the
Colony in Virginia ; a member of the
First Council of Virginia ; appointed
Master of the Ordinance, fairly in
open court ; that he had endured all
the miseries and calamities of forepast
Times, with the loss of his Blood, the
death of his only son . . . [in the
undertaking ; in consideration of which
things] . . . The Company and Coun-
cil for his Majesty i-esident in Eng-
land had formerly by charter under
their Create Scale granted him special
priviledges in his patent, and asking
that said Patent should remain in
force," etc.
Martin was not a member of the
party then in control of affairs, and
notwithstanding tliis strong certificate
they took his old patent from him ;
offering him a new one, abridging his
privileges, etc., which he refused at
flrst ; but, at last, finding he could do
944
MARTIN
no better, he took the new patent ;
" which favour he accordingly re-
quited," says Stith, " by propagating
and spreading through the Country all
the Falshoods and Calumnies against
them [the then officers of the com-
pany] that he could invent or utter."
Very few people would regard an
abridgment of their privileges and of
their property as a " favour."
October 20, 1623, he was one of
those who voted to surrender the char-
ter of the Va. Co. to the crown. The
old members who voted generally cast
their votes in favor of the surrender ;
the new members voted against it.
The differences between the company
and Martin were finally composed, and
on February 2, 1624, the council gave
him a very favorable letter to the gov-
ernor of Virgiuia, which was signed by
William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke,
Philip Herbert, Earl of Montgomery,
William Lord Padgett, William Lord
Cavend'ih, Sir Robert Killigrew, Sir
John r^nvers, Sir Humphrey May,
John \\liite, and Nicholas Farrar, dep-
uty. He returned to Virginia in the
Swan, in 1624 ; was appointed to the
council there by royal commission,
August 26, 1624. He was residing in
Elizabeth City, and owned Martin's
Brandon " by Patent out of England
(planted) " in 1625.
The date of his death is not known
to me ; he was living in Virginia
March 8, 162 f, on which day he wrote
to his brother-in-law, Sir Julius Ctesar;
he was then over sixty years old.
The accounts of him, like the ac-
counts of many of our founders, have
been based on unfriendly evidence ;
but justice does not permit us to con-
demn him without giving him a hear-
ing, and although we have nothing that
he wrote in his own defense, we
know that he devoted his life to the
colony, and this fact speaks much bet-
ter for him than if he had devoted this
time to untrustworthy volumes of self-
praise. Captain Smith has given us his
opinion of Martin, and we can very
well imagine what Martin thought of
Smith.
vr He fills an unknown grave, prob-
ably at Brandon, on the James. His
dust aids in making the soil of tlie
Old Dominion sacred, and we will not
forget that he was the only man to
protest against the abandonment of
Virginia on the memorable morning
of June 7, 1610.
Martin, John, gent., 2. Sub. ;
pd. £li5. Was the only son of Capt.
John Martin, aforesaid. He died at
Jamestown, in Virginia, August 18,
1607.
Martin, Richard, goldsmith. Son
of Thomas Martin, of Saffron Walden,
in Essex ; was born early in the six-
teenth century. The churchwardens
of St. Mary Woolclmreh Hawe, Lon-
don, bought a "Comniunyon Cuppe "
from him in 1560. Queen Elizabeth
farmed out her mint to him early in
her reign ; warden of the mint before
1572 ; interested in Frobisher's voy-
ages, 1576-78 ; alderman of Farring-
don Within, 1578 ; sheriff" of London,
1581-82 ; lord mayor, 1589, " when he
gave up to the lord treasurer an account
of the debts owing to him," etc. : —
Due by the Jewel-House £1,300
By Pearls for her Majesty 50
The Lady Leicester 2,500
Lent to the Earl of Leicester upon the
Manor of Denbigh 550
Due from Mr. Huddleston 1,826
Due by tlie Earl of Derby and his Sou 1,200
For The Adventure with Sir Francis
Drake in his 1st voyage when l.e went
about the world 2,000
Ventured also with Sir Francis, since
that, to Carthagena (1585-SG), also with
Fenton and Wm. Hawkins, together
with Divers other Sums 16,600
Making a total of over £26,000, a
very large sum at that time ; presi-
dent of Christ's Hosjiital, 1593 to
1002; again lord mayor, 1594; advised
Essex to submit himself to the queen,
February 8, 1601 ; displaced from his
offices August 31, 1602, the reasons
assigned were his poverty and debt ;
the real reasons were the debts due
him by the court party. In Novem-
ber, 1604, James I. made him master
of the mint again ; -was the oldest
alderman then living in 1005. On
September 11, 1610, a warrant was
issued to pay him £410 due to him by
the late queen ; December 10, 1611,
he was paid £160 for sundry models,
tools, and engines for improvement of
the coin. He was buried in Totten-
ham Church, July 30, 1617. Cham-
berlain says, "He was held near a
hundred years old." His wife Dor-
cas was buried in the same church,
September 2, 1599, and his son Rich-
ard; May 28, 1616. His daughter
MARTIN — MAUNSELL
945
Dorcas, the wife of Sir Julius Caesar,
died June 15, 1595, and was buried in
the Temple Church, London. His
son, Capt. Jolin Martin, tills an un-
known j^rave in Virj^inia.
Martin, Richard, esquire, 2. Sub.
£31 lUs. ; pd. £75. Granger says he
was "born at Otterton, in Devimshire
[others say 'son and heir of William
Martin of Exeter']; studied at Ox-
ford, and afterwards at the Temple
[admitted to the Middle Temple, No-
vember 7, 1587]. His learning, po-
liteness, and wit were the delight and
admiration of all his acquaintance.
He understood and practiced the grace
of conversation, and was equally es-
teemed and caressed by Selden and
Ben Jonson. His person and manners
qualified liira to adorn the court, and
his eloquence to iniiuenc-e tlie senate."
He was a member of the celebrated
club of intellectual men who met the
first Friday of every mouth, at the Mer-
maid in Bread Street, " an association
certainly unrivaled in any preceding
time, unequaled by any subsequent as-
semblage, and in all probability not
likely to be witnessed in our own days."
Old Fuller says, " He had an excellent
pen," and " was accounted one of the
highest wits of our age and his nation."
John Uavies (afterwards Sir John, at-
torney-general for Ireland, author of
"Nosce Teipsum," etc.) dedicated
" Orchestra " to him in 1594 or 1596 ;
but soon after fell out with him, and
was expelled the Temjjle in February,
1598, " for thrashing his friend, an-
other roysterer of the day, Mr. Richard
Martin, in the Middle Temple Hall.
. . . Martin (whose monument is now
hoarded up in the Triforium of the
Temple) also became a learned lawyer
and a friend of Selden, and was the
person to whom Ben Jonson dedicated
his bitter i)lay, ' The Poetaster ' [1(502].
In the dedication the poet says, ' For
whose innocence as for the author's
you were once a noble and kindly
undertaker : signed, your true lover,
Ben Jonson.' " (Thornbury's " Old
and New London.")
He was frequently a member of Par-
liament, and in the Parliament of
IGOl spoke most eloquently against
the monopolists ; M. P. for Barnstaple,
1601. On May 7, 160.3, he was se-
lected to welcome King James to
London, and in the name of the sher-
iffs of London and Middlesex made
a most learned and eloquent oration
before the king ; M. P. for Christ
Church, 1601-11 ; M. C. for Va. Co.,
1612. From 1611 he took an active
interest in the Bermudas Islands, and
in 1615 was an incorporator of the
B. I. Co.
In May, 1614, he made his noted
speech in behalf of tlie Virginia Col-
ony, before Parliament ; was Lent
Reader at the Middle Temple in 1615.
On the death of Sir Anthony Benn,
September 1.9, 1618, King James rec-
ommended Martin to the city of Lon-
don for their recorder, and he was
chosen to the position, but died about
a month after, of the small-pox, ou
Sunday morning (November 2 ?),
1618, and was buried in the Temple
Church, London.
" Anglorum alumnus, prieco Vir-
giniiB ac parens.'.' Martin's Hundred,
containing some 80,000 acres, about
seven miles below Jamestown, on the
nortli side of James River, was named
for him.
Martin, Thomas, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. M. P. 1614.
Mason, Captain, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . (I believe this to be Capt.
John Llason, of King's Lynn, the
founder of New Hampshire, in New
England, who died in Loudon in
1635.)
Mason, Gteorge. Pd. £12 10s.
Masse, Father Ennemond. Came
to America with Father Biard in 1611;
went to Canada in 1633, and died
there at the house of Saint Joseph de
Sillery in 1646, aged 72.
Matthew, Tobias, Archbishop of
York. Son of John Matthew, a mer-
chant of Bristol ; Avas successively
Archdeacon of Bath, Prebendary of
Sarum, Dean of Christ Church, Dean
and Bishop of Durham, whence he
was translated to York, September 11,
1606. Died March 29, 1628, and was
buried in York Cathedral. He mar-
ried Frances, daughter of William
Barlow, Bishop of Chichester, who
brought him three sons, one of whom,
named for his father, went over to the
Cluirch of Rome.
Maude (or Mande), Josias, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Mauusell, Peter, 2. Sub. £37
946
MAUNSELL — MENENDEZ
10s. ; pd. £75. Born in Dorset ; en-
tered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1587 ;
B. A., 1591 ; M. A., 1591 ; puisued
the study of physic, 1595-99 ; trav-
eled abroad at Faris, Padua, etc.,
1600-01 ; afterwards followed his
studies at Oxford and Gresham Col-
leo-e in Kngland ; made a second tour
abroad, visitiug the universities of
Basil and Strasburg ; was at Leyden
in 1607, prior to which time he took
the degree of Doctor of Physic;
chosen to succeed Dr. Gwynne in his
professorship in Gresham College in
September, 1607 ; remained there
until his death. He was buried in
St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, October 18,
1615. " Reader of the Phisick Lec-
ture in Gresham College."
Maurice, Count. Of Nassau ;
Prince of Orange ; born 1567 ; died
1625.
Mawdet, Otho, merchant - tailor,
2. Sub. ; pd. £62 10s. ^ Mar-
ried Elizabeth, daughter of William
Dowues by his wife, Elizabeth Rolfe ;
left a sum of money to pay a fee to
the preacher at St. Dunstan's in the
West, Loudon, for a sermon to be
delivered on the 28th of October an-
nually.
May, Humfrey, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Fourth son of
Richard May, of Rawmere, County
Sussex ; M. P. for Beeralston, 1604-
11 ; knighted at New Market in Jan-
uary, 1613 ; M. P. for Westminster,
1614 ; chancellor of the Duchy of
Lancaster, 1618 ; treasurer, 1618-22 ;
M. P. for Lancaster, 1621-22 and
1625 ; and for Leicester, 1624-25,
1626 and 1628-29 ; elected to the Vir-
ginia council in May, 1623 ; on the
commission for Virginia, July 15,
1624 ; one of the executors of Bacon's
will ; on the Canada commission about
the goods taken by Captain Kirke,
1630 ; master of the rolls, and sworn
a privv councilor in 1629; died June
9, 1630.
Maycott, Sir Cavaliero. 2. Sub.
£175 ; pd. £175. Knighted at the
Tower, ^larch 14, 1604 ; granted li-
cense to travel for three years. May
18, 1004; M. C. for Va. Co., 1612;
living in 1624. The date of his death
is not known to me. He was proba-
bly of the same family as Capt. Samuel
Macock, Esq., a Cambridge scholar.
a gentleman of birth, virtue, and in-
dustry, and a member of the govern-
or's council in Virginia, who was killed
by the Indians, March 21, 1622, at
Master Macock's Dividend in the Ter-
ritory of Great Weyonoke.
Mayuard, Sir William, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of Estains, Es-
sex ; was knighted March 7, 1609 ;
M. P. for Penryn, 1610-11 ; created a
baronet, June )!{), 1011 ; N. W. P. Co.,
1612 ; M. P. for Chippenham, 1614 ;
created Baron Maynard in Ireland,
May 30, lOiO, and in England, March
14, 1628 ; elected to the Council of
Virginia, February 5, 1623. March
17, 1638, he wrote to Archbishop Laud
about the exodus to New England :
" Hears daily of incredible number of
persons of very good abilities, who
Lave sold their lands and are upon
their departure thence." He died
December 18, 1639.
Meadovi/^s — Meddus — Med-
hurst — Medust, Dr. James, 2.
Sub. . ; pd. £15. Chaplain to
King James ; also interested in the
Bermudas and Newfoundland.
Mease (or Mays), Rev. Mr. Wil-
liam. He was in England in 1623, at
which time he had lived ten years in
Virginia. Whether he returned to
Virginia or not, I know not.
Medici, Mary de, queen of France.
Born 1573; married Henry IV., 1600;
crowned May 13, 1610, and left a
widow the next day; regent of France
to October, 1614 ; died in 1642.
Menendez de Aviles, Pedro.
A native of Avilds in Asturias ; was
born about 1519. His adventures be-
gan when he was only eight years of
age. Before he reached the age of
manhood, he had distinguished him-
self in cruises against the Barbary
corsairs and the French, and soon
thereafter he made a successful voy-
age to tlie New World. In 1557 he
was captain-general of the fleet which
MENENDEZ
947
conveyed Spanish troops to St. Quen-
tin, where he shared in the honors of
the victory of August 10. In lood he
commanded the Armada which carried
Philip II. hack to Spain. In 15(i0 he
was general of the ileet to New Spain,
and was instructed hy his king to ex-
amine, on his return voyage, the
Atlantic coast north of Port Royal
(South Carolina) ; and the royal order
of September 23, I.jGI, cites tliat he
had done so, and had made his report
thereon to the king. About this time
charges were brought against him, and
he was imprisoned and lined. Return-
ing from one of his voyages to the
West Indies, about ^lay, 1563 (see
Froude's " England," vol. viii. pp.
450, 451), he found five brigs from
Bristol and Barnstable, at the Azoi"es,
which he took and carried to Spain,
because they not only neglected to
salute the Spanish flag, hut continued
to carry the cross of St. George at the
main.
In 1564 " he was required to make
a thorough coast-survey of Spanish
Florida so as to prepare charts that
would prevent the wrecks which had
arisen from ignorance of the real char-
acter of the sea line." He wished to
conquer and to settle Florida, and on
March 20, 1565, Philip II. granted
him a patent for that purpose, with
the title of governor and captain-gen-
eral of Florida. He reached that
coast August 28, and massacred the
Huguenots at Fort Caroline Septem-
ber 21-23, 1565. On October 15, fol-
lowing, he wrote Philip II., proposing
to colonize and hold the country by
means of a- series of forts, at the
Chesapeake Bay, Port Royal, the
Martyrs, and the Bay of Juan Ponce
de Leon. He went to the West Indies
in December, 1565, but returned to
St. Augustine in March, 1566 ; in
Spain in 1567; sailed from San Lucar,
March 13, 1568 ; arrived in Florida to
find that his colony had been recently
destroyed by Dominic de Gourges,
and from CCCLX. it seems that he
was in command of the Spanish fleet
which made the attack on Hawkins in
the bay of Mexico on September 23,
1568, just three years after his mas-
sacre of the Huguenots, and less than
five months after the massacre of the
Spaniards by De Gourges. Thus one
event begets another : the murder of
the Huguenots, — the murder of the
Spaniards, — the betrayal of the Eng-
lish, — the Drakes, the Hawkinses, the
avengers, and the final wresting from
Spain of a large part of her American
possessions.
Meneudez had been appointed gov-
ernor of Cuba, and he was variously
engaged in the West Indies and in
Florida during 1568-70. In 1570 he
had a mission established at Axacan in
the Chesapeake Bay, probably on the
Rappahannock River, where the party
was massacred by the Indians Feb-
rnai-y 8, 1571. He was in Spain in
1571, returned to Florida in 1572, and
sailed to the Chesapeake Bay himself,
where he captured eight Indians
known to have taken part in the mur-
der of tlie Jesuits (February 8, 1571),
and hanged them at the yard-arm of
his vessel. On his return to Spain he
was appointed to command the great
Armada which Philip II. was collecting
for an expedition against England and
Flanders ; but before it was ready to
sail Menendez died quite suddenly at
Santander, September 17, 1574, aged
55.
Parkraan says, " It was he who
crushed French Protestantism in
America." x\nd yet it seems that he
took ijart in kindling the spark at the
City of the True Cro^s (September,
1568) which had a wonderful influence
on the final plantation of English Prot-
estant colonies in this country.
He was a celebrated admiral, a com-
mander of the order of Santiago, and
was styled " conqueror of Florida."
The Spaniards regarded him as " a
great hero, and the greatest mariner
known in his time." He had much of
the country which now is Virginia,
North and South Carolina, Georgia,
and Florida explored, and is said to
have made " more than fifty exploring
voyages to and in the West Indies by
which he facilitated the navigation of
the Atlantic, which before him was
very difficult and dangerous."
Dr. Shea gives an account of Me-
nendez in the " Nar. and Crit. Hist, of
America," aoI. ii., and Dr. Parkman
gives his portrait and a sketch of his
life in " Pioneers of France in the
New World."
His only son was lost at sea near
948
MEXENDEZ — MICHELBORNE
the Bermudas iu 1561, and he was
succeeded as governor and captain-
general of Florida by his nephew,
Pedro Menendez de Avil^s, son of his
brother, Gen. Alvaro Sanches de Avi-
l^s. It was this nephew, I suppose,
who made the survey, took the sound-
ings, and wrote the " exact descrip-
tion " of the Chesapeake Bay iu 1573.
The exact date of his death is not
known ; but it seems from CCCLX,
that he was living when Drake made
his attack on St. Augustine in 1586.
He was slain by the Indians, probably
soon after.
I infer from the will of his son (of
the same name) dated at Valladolid,
December 18, 1618, that there had
been a long lawsuit about the title of
governor, and " the capitulations of
Florida." I am not certain who was
really in authority there during the
time of which we write (1605-16) ;
but it is important to keep Florida in
mind, while making a study of the
early history of Virginia.
Merrett (or Marriott, Maryot,
etc.), Humfrey, 3. Sub. £37 10s.;
pd. £12 10s. A Huguenot.
Merrick, John, merchant, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £75. Son of William
Merrick, of Gloucester ; a member of
the Rus. Co., he was for many years
the agent of that company in Mus-
covia, where he obtained many trading
privileges for the English merchants.
He was also of the E. I. Co. In 1610
he aided iu sending out Hudson ; an
incorporator of the N. W. P. Co. iu
1612; knighted at Greenwich June 13,
1614, and sent ambassador from King
James to the Emperor of Russia.
June 30, 1614, Chamberlain writes :
" Sir John Merricke, my brother
George's wife's uncle, is gone ambas-
sador into ^Muscovy. Ho was knighted
and made a gentleman of the privy
chamber, and well graced by the king
before his going. He carries about
thirty men in liveries, besides seven
or eight gentlemen, whereof Recher
[afterwards Sir William Becher],
that was with the Lord Clifford, is one
])ut to him by Mr. Secretary, for tliat
there is some business to be done be-
twixt the ^luscovito and the King of
Sweden, by liis Majesty's mediation,
wherein he may serve as secretary."
Sir John was instrumental iu negoti-
ating the treaty between the Emperor
of Russia and Gustavus Adolphus of
Sweden, which was signed at Stolbova
February 27, 1617. He returned to
Loudon in November, 1617, bringing
with him a Russian ambassador, who
brought the king presents of white
hawks, live sables, etc.; again ambas-
sador to Russia, 1620-22 ; afterwards
governor of the Mus. Co.; M. P. for
Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1640, and 1610
till secluded in 1648 ; sergeant-major
in parliamentary army, and president
of the council of war iu 1642, and
afterwards general of the ordnance.
He married, first, Frances, daughter
of Sir Francis Cherry, of London, for
whom Cherry Island was named; and,
secondly. Dame Jane Witch, at Put-
ney, on May 1, 1647, when he must
have been very old.
Merry, Thomas, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. . "Clerk compt'ler."
knighted at Auckland in Durham in
1617. He was the cousin and executor
of John Puntis, vice-admiral of Vir-
ginia, who died in 1624.
Meteren, Emanuel Van. Flemish
historian, born 1535 ; died 1612.
Mew^tis, Captain Thomas, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Lost a limb in
the service; probably served under Sir
Francis Vere in the Low Countries ;
on August 16, 1608, Vere wrote to the
Earl of Salisbury that Captain Mew-
tys had slandered him; knighted at
Whitehall, February 10, 1611. Still
living iu 1614. His sister Frances
was the second wife to Robert, Earl of
Essex ; his sister Jane Meautis mar-
ried, first. Sir William Cornwallis,
secondly. Sir Nicholas Bacon, K. B.
His first cousin, Thomas Mewtis or
Meautis, of Westham in Essex, was the
father of Frances Meautis, who mar-
ried Sir John Thorogood, the brother
of Capt. Adam Thorogood of Virginia,
whose widow, Sarah, or Susan (Offley),
married, secondly, Capt. John Gookin,
and, tliirdly, Col. Francis Yeardley,
son of Sir George.
Michelborne, Sir Ed-ward, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. M. P. for
Bramber, 1592-93; captain in the fleet
at the Azores under Essex in 1597 ;
knighted by Essex at Dublin August
5, 1599 ; " a citizen and alderman of
London and an incorporator of the
East India Company in December,
MICHELBORXE — MILDMAY
949
1600; but before the company was in-
corporated, on October 3, 1600, the
lord treasurer wrote a letter to the
company, trying to persuade them
" to accept of the employment of Sir
Edward Michelborne on the proposed
vojage to the East Indies, as a prin-
cipal commander ; " but they resolved
not to employ any gentleman in any
place of charge or command in the
voyage, and begged the lord treasurer
" to give them leave to sort their busi-
ness with men of their own quality."
Sir Edward evidently did not submit
gracefully to this decision, and on July
6, 1001, he was " disfranchised out of
the freedom and priviledges of this
fellowship, and utterly disabled from
taking any benefit or profit thereby,"
by order of the court of tlie E. I. Co.
However, Sir Edward was determined
to make a voyage to the East Indies,
and on June 18 or 25, 1604, he ob-
tained "license to discover the coun-
tries of Cathaia, China, Japan, Corea,
and Cambaia, »&;c., and to trade with
the people there, notwithstanding any
grant or charter to the contrary." He
sailed from the Cowes December 1,
1601, in the Tiger, a ship of 240 tons,
" with a Piunasse called the Tigres
whelpe." On December 27, 1605,
Capt. John Davis, liis second in com-
mand, was killed in a fight with the
Japanese. Returning to England, he
came to an anchor in " Portsmouth
Roade " July 9, 1606. On August 12,
1606, Mr. John Pory wrote to Sir
Robert Cotton that " Sir Edward
Michelbourne hath cleared himself
with great honour."
M. C. for Ya., March 9, 1607. On
January 26, 1608, he was consulted by
the E. I. Co. regarding the fittest
places for trade in India, etc., and
among other places he called their
attention to Mocha, since so famous
for its coffee. He was buried the 4th
day of May, 1609, at Hackney, near
London.
Middlesex, Earl of. — Lionell
Cranfield.
Middleton, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. iCiS OS. Nicholas Lichfield
and himself, as partners, invested in a
single share (£12 10s.) in the Virginia
enterprise, and the auditors, in audit-
ing the accounts, divided it, assigning
a half to each. (He was probably the
M. P. for Horsham, 1014-29, and of a
distinct family from Robert.)
Middleton, Robert, skinner, 2.
Sub ; pd. £37 10s. Also of E. I.
and N. W. P. companies; M. P. Mel-
combe, 1604-11, and for London,
1614. Maurice Abbott and liiraself
represented the English E. I. Co. in
their negotiations with the Dutch E.
1. Co. in 1614—15. He was a brother
to Sir Hugh Middleton, founder of
the New River, Loudon, and of the
next.
Middleton, Sir Thomas, grocer,
2. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £62 10s. Son
of Richard Middleton, Esq., governor
of Denbigh Castle, times Edward VI.,
Mary, and Elizabeth ; apprenticed to
Ferdinaudo Pointz of the Grocers'
Company, London ; admitted to free-
dom, January 14, 1582, and to the
livery, March 21, 1592; M. P. for
Merioneth, 1597-98 ; paid £20 as his
share of the loan to Queen Elizabeth
in 1598 ; an adventurer in the East
India voyage of 1599, and an incorpo-
rator of the E. I. Co. in 1600; elected
alderman for Queenhithe ward, iMay
24, 1603; chosen sheriff, June 24, 1603;
knighted at Whitehall, July 26, 1603;
alderman for Queenhithe ward, 1603 to
1613 ; he removed to Coleman Street
ward, March 22, 1613, and was alder-
man for that ward until his death in
1631 ; Lord Mayor of London, 1613-
14. The New River Head was opened
by his celebrated brother Hugh, with
great pomp, on the day of his election
to the mavoraltv on Michaelmas Day
(September 2^), 1613. On August 1,
1621, "yt pleased the Right Worship-
ful Knight, Sir Thomas Middleton, to
make a very religious speach and ex-
hortation to the whole assemblie of the
Misterie of the Grocerie of London."
M. P. for London 1624-25, 1625, and
1626; died August 12, 1631 ; a bene-
factor of the Grocers' Company.
" Purchased the manor of Stansted
Montfiehet, in Essex, where he lyes
buried witii a long Epitaph." A mer-
chant father of the city ; had four
wives. His first wife was Hester,
daughter of Sir Richard Saltonstall.
Mildmay, Sir Henry. Sub. ;
pd. . There were three kniglits
of this name at this time. Two (and
probably all three) of them were in-
terested in the American enterprise.
950
MILDMAY— MONSON
In reading the records of the time it
is frequently impossible to tell the one
from the other ; but the following ex-
tract from the Mildmay pedigree will
give their relationship to each other :
Thomas Mildmay, of Chelmsford in
Essex (living lo'J.1), left four sons: 1.
Thomas, 2. VVilliam, 3. Walter, and 4.
John.
1. Thomas married Avise, sister of
Benjamin Gonson, and their son, Sir
Thomas, was the father of ISir Thomas
(baronet) and of Sir Henry (the first)
of Woodham Walter ; knighted June
19, 1607.
2. William married Elizabeth Pas-
call, and their sou. Sir Thomas, mar-
ried a daughter of Adam Winthrop
of Groton (grandfather of Gov. John
Winthrop of Massachusetts), and were
the parents of William (who married
Margaret Hervey, the cousin of Capt.
Edward Maria Wingfield) and of Sir
Henry (the second), knighted at Dub-
lin Castle May 25, 1605, who married
Alice, daughter of Sir William Harris
and niece of Sir Thomas Smythe.
3. Walter, the privy councilor and
founder of Emmanuel College, Cam-
bridge, married Mary, sister to Sir
Francis Walsingham, and their son,
Sir Humphrey, of Danbury Place, Es-
sex (where Capt. John Smitli some-
time found a sanctuary, and where he
" writ," as he tells us, his " Advertise-
ments for the unexperienced Planters
of New England or any where "), was
the father of Sir Henry (the tliird),
knighted at Kendall, August 9, 1617.
Master of the jewel office, 161S; mar-
ried, in April, 1619, Ann, daughter of
Alderman Halliday (who died in 1623,
and his widow Susanna, afterwards
married Robert Rich, Earl of War-
wick). He sat on the trial of Charles
I. in January, 16-49, and was a mem-
ber of the Privy Council under the
commonwealth.
4. John, of Cretingham in Suffolk,
was the father of Robert Mildmay,
grocer, of London.
Mildmay, Robert, grocer, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Lomber
Streete, London, and Tarling in Essex;
was ajiprenticcd to Henry Stryekc-
land, grocer ; admitted freeman,
1587 ; paid £10 as his share of loan
to Queen J^lizabeth in 1598 ; member
of the Court of Assistants, October '22,
1613 ; made renter for the year 1616
with Robert Johnson ; elected alder-
man of Vintry ward, September 19,
1626, but refused to serve, and was
fined £500 ; member of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies. He married,
first, . . . daughter to . . . Cranfleld,
and, secondly, Jane, daughter to Sir
Richard Deane, and was still living in
1634.
Mildmay, Thomas, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Son of
Sir Thomas, of Moulsham, who was
fii'st cousin to Avis Gonson, the wife
of Sir John Hawkins ; M. P. for
Maldon, 1593; created a baronet, June
29, 1611 ; married twice, but died s.
]). February 13, 1626.
Miller, John, 3. Sub." ; pd.
£37 10s.
Miller, Sir Robert, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Dorset ;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603.
Millet, William, grocer, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s. Of E. I. and N.
W. P. companies ; died in 1631 ; a
benefactor to the parish of Xorwood,
etc.
Mitchell (or Michell), Sir Bar-
tholomeAv. Of Nottinghamshire ;
knighted at Whitehall, May 12, 1604 ;
M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607. (Re-
lated to the Pophams?)
Mockett, Master Doctor (Rich-
ard). Warden of All Souls College,
Oxford ; author of " Politia Ecclesije
Anglicanse," which was burned in
1616, and Mocket is said to have died
from the shock of the humiliation.
Moles, Captain Henry. Pd. £25.
Molina, Diego de. E. L Co.
Records, June 12, 1618 : " Letter
read from Henry Bacon, lately re-
turned from Sir W. Ralegh's voyage,
stating that MoUina, who was prisoner
in Va., incites the king of Spain to send
forces to suppress Virginia, b}'^ the
hopes of a silver mine there, from
which he shovs's a piece to justify the
truth thereof."
Monger, James, 2. Sub. :
pd. £25. Of St. Michael Basishaw,
London, gent. ; married, in 1622, Su-
san, daughter of William Hammond.
Monmouth, Earl of. — Robert
Carey.
Monsell. See Maunsell.
Monson, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Elder brother of Sir
ELIZABETH STUART
MONSON — MONTAGUE
951
William (the next); born about 15G6;
knighted in 39 Elizabeth ; created a
baronet, IGll; M. F-Cnekdule, 1014 ;
a great lover of music ; died in Mav,
1641.
Monson, Sir "William. Third
surviving son of Sir Jolni Monson ;
born about 15G9 ; froiu his youth in
the sea service ; became a celebrated
admiral. In his naval tracts, he re-
cited the names of the ships in which
he served, as follows: " In tlie Charles,
whereof I had no command in 1-j88
[the year of the Spanish invasion] ;
in the Victory, in which voyage I was
vice-admiral to my lord of Cumber-
land, 1589 ; in the Garland, 1591; the
Lion, 1593 ; the Rainbow, 159-5 ; the
Repulse, 159G [he was knighted by
the Earl of Essex at Cadiz in 1.596] ;
the Rainbow, 1597 [the Island voy-
age] ; the Defiance, 1.599 ; the Gar-
land, IGOO ; the Nonpareille, IGOl ;
the Swiftsure, 1G02 ; the Mary Rose,
1G02 ; the Mere Honour, 1G02 [his
noted voyage with Sir Richard Levi-
son to tlie coast of Spain and Portugal
in 1602] ; the Mere Honour, 1603 ;
the Vengeance, 1604 ; the Rainbow,
1605; the Assurance, 1G06 ; the Rain-
bow, 1607 ; tlie Vengeance, 1609; the
Assurance, 1610; the Rainbow, 1611;
the Adventure, 1612 ; the Assurance,
1613 ; the Lion, 1614 ; and the Non-
such, 1615." He was a pensioner of
Spain. Early in 1616 Sir John Digby
returned from Spain with evidence,
implicating the Earl of Somerset, Sir
Robert Cotton, and Sir William Mon-
son, the vice-admiral, in certain clan-
destine negotiations witli Spain. " It
was popularly reported that Sir Wil-
liam Monson was under an agreement
to carry over the English fleet to the
Spaniards." He was committed close
prisoner to tlie Tower, January 13,
and "sett at libertye," July 17, 1616.
In 1620 he patented lands in Virginia
with certain conditions (see Stith, p.
184). In 1G35 he was viee-admiral of
the fleet sent out to " restore the an-
cient sovereignty of the narrow seas
to the King of England." He was
seated at Kinnersley in Surrey ; died
in February, 1643, and was buried in
St. Martin's in the Fields, London.
Montague, Sir Henry, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Born at Boughton,
Northamptonshire, in 15G3. " In his
tender years it was foretold of him
that he would raise himself above the
rest of his family." Educaied in
Christ's College in Cambridge and in
the Middle Temple in London ; called
to the bar of the Middle Temple ; M.
P. for Iligham Ferrers, 1592-93, 1597-
98, and 1601 ; recorder of London,
May 26, 1603, to November 16, 1616 ;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1(503 ;
M. P. for London, 1604-11 ; M. C. for
Va., November 20, 1606 ; M. C. for
Va. Co., May 23, 1609 ; sergeant at
law, 1611 ; M. P. for London, 1614 ;
lent the E. I. Co. £8,000 at 8 per
cent, in 1615 ; conducted the prose-
cution of the Earl and Countess of
Somerset, 1616. " Upon his resigna-
tion of the Recordership of London
lie w'as presented with two hundred
double sovereigns by the corporation,
as a thankful renaembrance for his
many careful endeavours for the city."
Chief justice of the King's Bench, No-
vember 18, 1616, to December, 1620 ;
admitted a free brother of the E. I.
Co., gratis, December 16, 1617 ; pre-
sided on the trial of Sir Walter
Ralegh, 1618; lord treasurer, Decem-
ber 14, 1620, to 1621. " He was made
lord treasurer by the interest of Buck-
ingham, but was pulled down the next
year by the hand that raised him, as
he was not sufficiently obsequious to
that haughty favorite." Lilly, the
astrologer, tells us in the " Memoirs
of his Own Life," that " the Lord Chief
Justice Montague was on his trial
found guilty by a peevish jury ; but
petitioning King James by a Greek
petition (as indeed he was an excel-
lent Grecian), By mil Saul, said King
James, this man shall not die, I think
he is a better Grecian than any of my
Bishops. '' Raised to the peerage as
Baron Montague of Kimbolton and
Viscount Mandevil, December 19,
1620 ; lord president of the council,
October, 1621. In 1623, while inves-
tigating the affairs of the Va. Co. of
London, he became convinced that
they were not well managed. He ex-
amined the letters " that make a map
of the Colony's misery," and "the
business appearing very foul, many at
first unwilling were now content to
have it ripped up ; " that " relieved
they must he, and that presently," and
it was determined to annul the charter
952
MONTAGUE — MONTMORENCIE
and take the colony under the protec-
tion of the crown. June 24, 10'24, the
Lord President Mandeville was one of
the committee appointed by order of
the Privy Council " to resolve upon
the Well-settling of tlie Colony of
Virginia and to give order for the
Government." July 15, 1624, he was
one of the royal commission for wind-
ing up the Va. Co. of London ; cre-
ated Earl of Manchester, February 5,
1G26 ; keeper of the privy seal, 1027;
" one of the commission for making
laws and orders for government of
English colonies planted in foreign
parts, April 28, 1634."
" He departed this life on Novem-
ber 7, 1642, and had sepulture at Kim-
bolton, where a noble monument is
erected to his memory."
The Kimbolton Manuscripts, Duke
of Manchester Records, contain many
papers of interest and of value rela-
tive to our foundation. I have copies
of some of them, which have been of
much service to me in compiling this
work, although they are generally of
a later date than 1616.
Montague, James, Lord Bishop of
Bath and Wells, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£75. « Fifth son of Sir Edward Mon-
tague, of Boughton, and grandson of
the celebrated Sir Edward Montagu
(1490-1557), the lord chief justice,
times Henry VIII. and Edward VI.,
and brother to Sir Henry Montague,
the lord chief justice, time James I. ;
born about 1568 ; educated at Christ's
College in Cambridge ; the first mas-
ter (in 1598) of Sidney College in that
university, to which he was a great
benefactor. He may indeed be traced
through all his preferments, by his
public benefactions and acts of munif-
icence. He was noted for his pi'.'ty,
Tirtue, and learning. AVhcn tiie uni-
versity went to miiet James I. on his
coming from Scotland, his majesty
first took notice of him at Hinchin-
broke (the seat of the loyal Sir Oliver
Cromwell, uncle to the usurper), and
was so pleased with his conversation
as a scholar, and his behavior as a gen-
tleman, that he first made him Dean
of the royal chapel, and afterwards
Dean of Worcester on the 17th of De-
cember, 1604 ; " consecrated Bishop of
Bath and Wells, April 17, 1608; M. C.
for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
"In 1616 he was translated to the
opulent bishoprick of Winchester.
Also for his faithfulness, dexterity,
and prudence, King James, who did
ken a man of merit as well as any
prince in Christendom, chose him to
be one of his Privy Council, and, that
he might be near him, continued him
dean of his chapel, not only when he
was Bishop of Bath and Wells, but
of Winchester likewise, during which
time he translated his majesty's works
into Latin. He was a nursing father to
Sidney College, and to the University
of Cambridge in general no small bene-
factor, in bringing running water, at a
great expense, into King's Ditch, which
being at first made for its defence, was
become nauseous to it. He laid out
large sums in repairing and beautify-
ing tlie church and episcopal palace
at Wells, and in finishing the church
at Bath, in which lie desired to be
buried. He died July 20, 1618, aged
fifty, and was interred on August 20
following, on the north side of the
church ; and over the grave is an
altar-monument erected between two
pillars of the same church, with his
effigies in full proportion painted to
the life, lying thereon."
He was a great admirer of James I.,
and was a favorite of that king's.
Monteagle, Lord. — William Par-
ker.
Montford. See Mountford.
Montgomery, Earl of. — Philip
Herbert.
Montmorencie, Henry de, ad-
miral of France. Son of Henry L,
Duke de Montmorency ; was born at
Chantilly, April 30, 1595; became the
idol of the French court ; grand ad-
miral of France, 1612 ; succeeded his
father in tlie Ducliy and as governor
of Languedoc, 1614 ; corresponded
with Ralegh, 1616-17; chevalier,
1620 ; marshal of France, December
MOONE — MORE
953
11, 1630 ; executed at Toulouse, Octo-
ber 30, 1032. He attempted in vain
to resist the rising power of Riche-
lieu.
Moone, Nicholas. Pd. £12 10s.
Moore, Adrian, 2. Sub. £37 10s.;
pd. £100. Of the E. I. Co.; a part-
ner with William and Ralph Freeman
and John Eldred in the preemption and
transportation of tin, 1608, and many
years after. Howes, writing under
the date 1615, says, " In the Tyme of
Queene Elizabeth there was a Lecture
of the Chiefe Mathematicall Sciences,
viz : Geometry, Astronomie, Geogra-
phic, Hydrographie, and the Art of
Navigation read in the chappell of
Leadenhall, but now it is discontinued.
But at this dale there is a lecture of
Cosmography read in the Blackefryers
in the house of Adriauus Marius,"
[Adrian Moore?].
He was seated at Odyam, Hants;
and married Anne, daughter of Sir
Nicholas Parker; after his death his
widow married Sir John Smith.
More, Sir George, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £150. Son and heir of Sir William
More, of Loseley, by his first wife, Mar-
garet, daughter and co-heir of Ralph
Daniel, Esq., of Swaffham in Norfolk;
born November 28, 1553 ; educated
at Exeter College, Oxford; M. P. for
Guildford, 1584-85, 1586-87, 1588-89,
and 1592-93 ; guardian of Edward,
afterwards Lord Herbert of Cherbury;
knighted at Whitehall on Shrove Tues-
day, 1597 ; M. P. for Surrey, 1597-
98 ; sheriff of Surrey and Sussex in
1598; succeeded his father, who died
July 20, 1600. He had a grant from
the crown, 43 Elizabeth, of the lord-
ship and hundred of Godalming; M.
P. for Surrey. 1001. In 1600 his
daughter Anne (born 1584) was mar-
ried against his wish to John Donne,
afterwards Dean of St. Paul's. (More
was not then lieutenant of the Tower
as sometimes stated.) M. P. for Guild-
ford again in 1604-1611 ; appointed
receiver-general to Henry, Prince of
Wales, in 1604. On January 21, 1606,
he made a motion in Parliament for
more severe laws against popery,
" seconded by Sir Francis Hastings,
and thirdly by the king's solicitor :
the motion prevailed." In 1006 he
had the honor of entertaining James
I., at Loseley; M. C. for Va., Novem-
ber, 1606. February 14, 1610, in the
debate " on the question whether Sir
George Somers' seat in Parliament
was vacant by his going to Virginia,"
Sir George More said, " That Sir
George Summers ought not to be re-
moved. That it was no disgrace ; but
a grace to be Governour in Virginia."
In 1610 he was made Chancellor of
the Garter. In 1012, an incorporator
of the N. W. P. Co.; in 1614, M. P.
for Surrey. In November, 1615,
he was appointed lieutenant of the
Tower of London; received the war-
rant for Ralegh's release, January 30,
1616; sold the lieutenancy to Sir Allen
Apsley for £2,500, and was succeeded
by him in that office, March 3, 1617;
M. P. for Guildford in 1621-22 and
1624-25, and for Surrey again in 1625;
died October 16, 1632.
He married Ann, daughter and co-
heir of Sir Adrian Poynings, Knt., and
widow of Knight, Esq., of St.
Denys, Hants, by whom (who died
November 19, 1590) he had issue, four
sons and five daughters.
More (or Moore), John, esquii-e,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Recorder of
Winchester ; M. P. for Winchester,
1597 and 1604-11.
More (or Moore), John, esquire,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Recorder of
Lymingtonin 1606; M. P. Lymington,
1624-25, 1625, and 1626.
More, Richard. The first gov-
ernor of the Bermudas, 1612-1615.
He went with Ralegh to Guiana, and
died there in 1617.
More, Sir Thomas. Born in Lon-
don, 1480 ; an envoy to Charles I.,
at Bruges in October, 1514, and again
in May, 1515. While on one of these
embassies, he pretended to have gotten
the material for his " Utopia " from a
Portuguese who had " run the same
hazard as Americus Vesputius and
bore a share in three of his four voy-
ages that are now published." He
may really have met with one of the
companions of Vespucius. Tlie " Uto-
pia" was first printed at Louvaiu in
1516. The "New World" probably
made its first appearance on the Eng-
lish stage in " A new interlude and a
mery of the nature of the iiii. ele-
ments." It has been assigned to vari-
ons dates from 1510 to 1520, and is
thought to have been printed by
954
MORE — MUNCKE
More's brother-in-law, John Rastel.
One of the characters is one " Expe-
ryens " (Experience), wlio tells of his
travels in "... tliis newe lands
founds lately, Ben callyd America, by
cause only Americus dyd furst them
fyude." More was no mean actor,
and we are told that when an inter-
lude was being performed he was apt
to take a part. Considering the rela-
tionship of Rastel and More, and the
similar Vespuciau idea of the " Inter-
lude " and " Utopia," and More's taste
for interludes, it seems probable that
he was the author of this one. It
also seems certain that in England,
as early as 1515, Americus Vespucius
was regarded as the discoverer of this
continent, by such men as Sir Thomas
More, Sir Thomas Eliot, and John
Rastel. Possibly America is rightly
named after all.
Sir Thomas More was privy coun-
cilor about 1519; speaker of the House
of Commons, 1523 ; lord chancellor,
1529-32 ; committed to the Tower,
April 17, 1534; beheaded before the
Tower, July 6, 1535. The " Utopia "
should be esjiecially interesting to us,
as it is an idea of a perfect republic in
the newly discovered America. More's
sister Elizabeth married John Rastall
the printer, and was the mother of M.
Rastel who came to America in 1536,
and this fact again illustrates the in-
terest taken in the New World by the
family.
Morer (or Moorer), Richard,
grocer, 3. Sub. ; pd. £25. Of All
Hallows Barking ; a leading grocer ;
possibly related to the Rev. Richard
Hakluyt. He was on the Virginia
Commission of July 15, 1624, and on
the Tobacco Commission of November
9, 1624. He married, in 1608, " Bridg-
ett Carliell of St. Swithin, spinster,
daughter of Lawrence Carliell late
citizen and skinner of London, de-
ceased."
Moreton (or Morton), Ralph,
gent., 2. Sub. ; pd. £30. Came
to Virginia in 1607.
Morgan, Sir Charles, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Of Herefordshire;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603;
served in the Thirty Years' War; was
a personal friend to William Herbert,
E.Trl of Pembroke.
Morgan, Captain Matthew^. Serv-
ing in the Netherlands, 1586-87;
knighted before Rouen, 1591 ; M. P.
Brecknock, 1593; at Cadiz, 1596.
Morris, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £87 10s.
Morrison, Sir Richard, served
in the Low Countries and in Ireland;
knighted at Dublin, August 5, 1599;
died in 1625. His daughter Letitia
married Lucius Carey, the great Vis-
count Falkland.
Morton, Dr. Thomas. Born at
York, March 20, 1564 ; chaplain to
James I., 1606; Dean of Gloucester,
June 22, 1607; Dean of Winchester,
November 7, 1609; Bishop of Chester
(1615), of Lichfield and Coventry
(1618), and Durham (1632); commit-
ted to the Tower, April, 1645 ; died
in Northamptonshire, September 22,
1659. His daughter Ann married, first,
David Yale, and, secondly, Theophi-
lus Eaton, the first governor of the
colony of New Haven (Connecticut).
Mountains (or Montaigne), Dr.
George, 3. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
" Deane of Westminster ; " born at
Cawood in Y'^orkshire ; was chaplain
to the Earl of Essex, and attended
him on his voyage to Cales ; after-
wards one of the chaplains to King
James; Rector of Cheam, 1609; Dean
of Westminster, 1610-17 ; Bishop of
Lincoln, 1617-21, and of London,
1621-28. He conferred holy orders
on the celebrated Rev. Hugh Peters,
and was interested in the plantation of
Guiana, South America, 1628. Arch-
bishop of York in June, 1628, and
died October 24, 1628. One of Ful-
ler's " Worthies of Yorkshire."
Mountford (or Momford),
Thomas, esquire, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£20. Came to Virginia in 1607.
Mouse (or Mowse), Arthur, fish-
monger, 2. Sub. £50. ; pd. £37 10s.
Second son of Richard Mowse, of
Wooborne in Com. Bedford, by his wife
Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John
Scot, of^Northfleete in Com. Kent,
esquire, captaiue of the Blockhouse at
Gravesend. Arthur was living at the
Visitation of 1634, and was alderman's
deputy for the ward of Walbrooke.
Was a benefactor of the Fishmongers.
Mulgrave, Earl of. — Edmund
Sheffield.
Muncke, Levinus. " A Dutchman,
who came young into England ; one
MUNCKE — NEVILLE
955
of the secretaries to the Earl of Salis-
bury ; one of the keepers and regis-
trars of papers and records concern-
ing matters of state and council; one
of the clerkes of the signet. January
8, 1619, he was one of the commis-
sioners for settling differences between
England and the United Provinces,
concerning trade into the East Indies,
and was afterwards one of the com-
mittee of the English E. I. Co.
John Chamberhiin, Esq., wrote to
Sir Dudley Carleton from London on
June 14, 1023, " Leonus Moncke died
lately, very ricli for a clerk of the
signet; his estate falling out, they say,
toward £40,000."
His daughter, Jane Muncke, mar-
ried Richard Bennett, of London.
Mundy, Jervis, 3. Sub. £37 10s.;
pd. £12 10s.
Munks, Lawrence, grocer, 2,
Sub. ; pd. . Sworn to free-
dom March 7, 1597.
Murray, Sir David, 3. Sub. £75;
pd. £137 10s. One of the liousehold
of Henry, Prince of Wales ; came
with him from Scotland, and never
quitted him till his last breath ; N.
W. P. Co., 1G12. He wrote "The
Tragicall Death of Sophonisba," pub-
lished in 1611, and dedicated to Prince
Henry. He also wrote " Sonnets to
Coelia" (1611), and "A Paraphrase
of the CIV. Psalm, 1(315." He went
in the train of Lord Hay to France in
1616, and was interested in the mak-
ing of brimstone and Danish copperas
in 1617.
Murray, Sir Jaine.5. A confiden-
tial servant to King James.
Mutes (or Molex), Philip. Pd.
£12 10s.
Napier, Sir Robert, knight and
baronet. See Robert Sandy, grocer.
Nelson, Master Francis. " Prob-
ably the third son of Tliomas ^Nelson,
Esq., of Cheddleworth, Berks, by
Mary, daughter of Stephen Duckett,
Esq., of Colne." He made voyages
to Virginia in 1606-07, in 1607-08,
and in 1609 ; N. AV. P. Co., 1612. Li
April, 1612, he sailed from England
with Capt. Thomas Button, and died in
Hudson's Bay in the winter of 1612-13,
at " Port Nelson," which was named
for him, and he was buried there,
near the mouth of Nelson's River
(named for him), which, it was then
hoped, would prove to be a ready way
to the Great South Sea.
Neville, Sir Henry, of BiUingbear,
Berkshire, 2. Sub. £37 10.s.; pd.
£37 10s. Eldest son of Sir Henry
Neville, Senr., by his wife Elizabeth,
daughter and heir of Sir John Gresh-
am. The celebrated Sir Thomas
Gresham left by his will to his neph-
ew, Harry Neville, when he should
attain tlie age of twenty, the sum of
one hundred pounds.
M. P. for Windsor in 1584-85,
1585-86, and 1592-93; sheriff of
Berkshire, 1594 ; knighted by Essex
for gallantry at Cadiz in 1596 ; M. P.
for Liskcard, 1597-98; ambassador to
France, April, 1599, and first commis-
sioner for England at the treaty of
Boulogne in the summer of 1600. His
correspondence with Ralph Winwood,
1599-1600, has been published. He
returned to England about October,
1600, and became implicated in " the
Essex insurrection," February, 1601,
for wiiich he was committed to the
Tower. " April 10, 1603, the Earl of
Southampton and Sir Henry Neville
were this day delivered out of the
Tower by a warrant from King
James." M. P. for Berkshire, 1604-
11 ; M. C. for Va., IMarch 9, 1607.
In September, 1607, he obtained
license to travel for three years, with
his son and William Symondson, fel-
low of Merton College, Oxford, and
while on his travels, in April, 1609,
he was " arrested for a pirate by mis-
take." He then returned to England.
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
On the 26th of May,%609, Dudley
Carleton wrote to Sir Thomas Smith,,
that " his wife was brought to bed on
Ascension Day, and begs him to join
with Sir Henry Neville as sponsor, in
making this young Cockney a Chris-
tian."
After the death of the Earl of Salis-
bury in May, 1612, Sir Henry Neville
was an applicant for the secretaryship.
June 17, 1(512, Chamberlain wrote to
Carleton that " Sir Henry Neville has
failed of the Secretaryship because of
the flocking of Parliammit men to
him. The king says he will not have
a secretary imposed on him by Parlia-
ment." However, Sir Henry contin-
ued to be an applicant for the place.
956
NEVILLE — NEWPORT
M. P. for Berkshire in 1614 ; at the
head of the party called "the Under-
takers." He favored the project for
" drawing the traffic of Persia and the
inland parts of the East Indies up the
river Hydaspes (Jhyliim) into the Oxus
that falls into the Caspian Sea, whence
the commodities are to be brought up
the Volga to a strait of land not above
forty miles wide, and so into the Dwina,
that comes to St. Nicholas or Arch-
angel, the ordinary stations of English
shipping in those parts.'
March 31, 1614, he was admitted
into the E. I. Co., and adventured
£800 in the next voyage. " He pub-
lished an edition of Chrysostom in
1614 at a great cost." February 9,
1615, "dangerously ill;" died July
10, 1615. Lord Carew wrote to Sir
Thomas Roe, " Sir Henry Neville, who
would have been Secretary with a good
will, is dead."
He married Anne, daughter of Sir
Henry Killigrew, of Cornwall, and had
issue, three sons and six daughters.
The eldest son. Sir Henry Neville, the
younger, married Elizabeth, daughter
of Sir John Smith, and niece of Sir
Thomas Smith, the first treasurer of
the Va. Co. of London. Of the
daughters, Elizabeth married Sir
Henry Berkeley, the brother of Sir
William Berkeley, governor of Vir-
ginia; Catherine married Sir Richard"
Brooke ; Mary married Sir Edward
Lukin or Lewknor ; and Frances mar-
ried Sir Richard Worsley, who pa-
.tented lands in Virginia in 1620.
Neville, Sir Henry, of Kent, 3.
-Sub. £75 ; pd. . Possibly son of
the foregoing* who married Elizabeth
-Smith ; was knighted at Whitehall,
JVIarch 30, 1609 ; a member of the
African Company in 1618 ; died June
29, 1629.
Neville, Sir Henry, of Abergav-
enny, 3. Sub. ; pd. . Suc-
ceeded as seventh Baron Abergavenny
in 1622.
Ne-wbridge, Joseph, smith, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £20.
Nevrce — Newse — Nuce, George,
gent., 2, Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Came to Virginia, and was living at
Elizabeth City in 1024.
Newce — New^se, Henry, 2. Sub.
; pd. . (The origin of the
name " Newport News " in Virginia
is a mooted question. It was named
about the same time as Nieuw Port
Mey, which was named for Cornells
Jacobsen Mey, and was possibly named
New Port Newse, for one of the Newce
(or Newse, or Nuce) family. In ad-
dition to the foregoing, two others of
this family emigrated at an early day,
namely : Capt. Thomas Newse, deputy
for the company's land and member
of the council, arrived in the winter of
16110-21, and died about the 1st of
April, 1623, leaving a widow and chUd,
and Capt. William Newse, who had
served in Ireland at the siege of Kin-
sale ; in May, 1605, led a company of
Irish to enter the Spanish service, and,
in 1606, was implicated in a scheme
to deliver Sluys, Flushing, and other
towns to tjie Archduke (see Gardiner's
" Hist, of England," vol. i. pp. 344-
47). From these charges he seems to
have cleared himself, and was soon
after again in Ireland. He was the
first mayor of Bandon; laid out a town
opposite called Newce's Town; offered
to transport a colony to Virginia, April
12,1621; patented lands there; chosen
marshal of Virginia, May 2, 1621 ;
knighted at Theobald's, May 31, 1621;
added to the Virginia Council, Jmie
13, 1621 ; went over with Wyatt ; ar-
rived there early in October, 1621, and
died about two months after. The
family was seated at Great Hadham,
Herts, and intermarried with the
Washingtons, Fanshawes, etc.)
Nevygate, Christopher, fishmon-
ger. Pd. £25 -j- £6 5s. Of St.
Lawrence, Pountney, London. Mar-
ried, in 1608, Elizabeth, daughter of
William Tapp, of St. Nicholas Olave,
fishmonger.
Nev;-port, Captain Christopher,
2. Sub. ; pd. . He was
probably born between 1560 and 1570,
and possibly entered the sea service at
an early age. He is said to have made
several voyages to the West Indies
before going to Virginia, but I have
found memoranda of only two of them.
January 25, 1592, he sailed in com-
mand of four vessels; July 28, 1592,
contracted with Sir John Boroughs,
and September 7, 1592, brought the
celebrated Spanish " Caract," the
Madre de Dios, into Dartmouth Har-
bor.
The other voyage was made in 1604-
NEWPORT
957
05. January 11, 1606, Sir Robert
Mansell, Sir John Trevor, and others,
recoramencled Captain Newport to
Lord Admiral Nottingham for the re-
version of the office of one of the
principal masters of the navy.
"January 13, 1606, the Lord Ad-
miral wrote to Sir Rob. Mansell, Sir
Henry Palmer, Sir John Trevor, and
Sir Peter Buck, the principal officers
of the Royal Navy, that he granted
to Capt. Chris. Newport the reversion
solicited, after the placing of Capt,
John King."
December 10, 1606, he was commis-
sioned and given by the Council for
Virginia the " .sole charge and com-
mand of all the captains, soldiers, and
mariners, and other persons, that shall
go in any the said ships and pinnace
in the said voyage from the day of the
date hereof until such time as they
shall fortune to land upon the said
coast of Virginia." Thus he was in
the " sole charge and command " of
the first expedition of Englishmen
that landed in James River. (The
name Christopher is worthy of re-
mark. Columbus bore the same name.
It means '' beai'ing Christ." This was
one of the ideas of the expedition.)
December 19, 1606, to July 29,
1607, his first vovage to Virginia ;
October 8, 1607, to May 20, 1608, his
second voyage to Virginia ; July, 1608,
to January, 1609, his third voyage to
Virginia; June 2, 1609, to September,
16lO, his fourth voyage to Virginia ;
March 17,1611, to December, 1611,
his fifth voyage to Virginia.
In 1612 he was appointed one of
the six masters of the royal navy,
and employed by the E. I- Co. to carry
Sir Robert Sherley to Persia. Jan-
uary 7, 1613, to July 10, 1014, his first
voyage to the East Indies in command
of the good ship "the Expedition of
London of about 260 tunnes burthen."
lie landed the ambassador's party in
" the River of Sinde, India, September
26, 1613," and returning well ladenod
anchored in "The Downes," »July 10,
1614. Sir Robert Sherley wrote a let-
ter to the E. I. Co., " highh' commend-
ing the deserts of Captain Newport."
Capt. Walter Peyton's account of the
voyage, in Purchas, i., speaks liighly of
Newport, and " he was much com-
mended by the East India Company
for his good services, delivering his
charge safely, discovering unknown
places (in the Persian Gulf and else-
where) bringing home his ship well
laden, his men in health, and dispatch-
ing the voyage in so short a time, and
they resolved to gratify him with a
present of fifty Jacobuses."
September 20, 1614, the E. I. Co.
resolved "to entertain Captain New-
port as Admiral," and he entered into
the service of that great company ;
January 24, 1615, to about Septem-
ber, 1616, on his second voyage to the
East Indies, in which he commanded
the Lion in the fleet accompanying
" Sir Thomas Roe, Embassadour from
the King of England (James I.) to
the Great Mogoll of India" (Shah
Jehan).
Early in 1617 he sailed from Eng-
land on this third voyage to India
in command of the Hope, with the
Hound as consort. August 15, 1617,
the Hope arrived at Bantam on the
isle of Java, "commander Cap'tain
Newport, who reported that seven
ships were sent this year from Eng-
land to Surat." A few days after
(prior to September 1) "there dyed
out of the Hope, Captaine Newport
that worthy Seaman and Command-
er." The Hope was loaded at Ban-
tam, and on Tuesday, January 20,
1618, sailed thence for England, ar-
riving there September 1, 1618, bring-
ing (I suppose) the first account of
Newport's death.
From 1592 to his death in 1617, we
find Capt. Christopher Newport com-
manding in active services at sea
of special confidence and trust. He
brought the first English colonists to
Virginia, and supplied them for years.
He carried back the first Persian am-
bassador (to England) to Persia. He
was a commander in the expedition
which conveyed the first English am-
bassador to the Great Mogul. He was
one of the first Englishmen to explore
the Chesapeake Ray and the James
River, " the Persian Gulf, and the
river of Sinde." He ranged the At-
lantic and the Pacific oceans ; " he
sailed the wide seas over." We find
him commanding in the waters of the
West Indies ; we leave hiu) as he sinks
to rest beneath the far-off waters of
the East Indies. He was one of the
958
NEWPORT — NORWOOD
founders of English colonies and Eng-
lish commerce ; and he was not the
least among those who laid the ground-
work of Great Britain's present great-
ness. The admiral of Virginia lived
on the ocean ; he died on the ocean;
the ocean is his tomb, and his admir-
able monument, and the city of New-
port News, whether named for him or
not, will be his memorial in America.
November 17, 1619, the following
minute was made at a meeting of the
Va. Co. of London : " Whereas the
company hath formerly granted to
Captain Newport a bill of Adventure
for four hundred pounds, and his son
now desiring order from court for the
laying out of some part of same, Mr.
Treasurer, was authorized to write to
Sir George Yeardley and the Counsell
of State for the effecting thereof."
These lands are supposed to have
been located at Newport News on
James River.
July 10, 1621, the Va. Co. of Lon-
don, as a further acknowledgment of
Captain Newport's services in the en-
terprise, gave his widow thirty-five
shares of land (3,500 acres) in Vir-
ginia. Mr. Christopher Newport was
one of the patentees of land in Vir-
ginia in 1622-23. Edward Newport,
gent., and Richard Newport, gent.,
both died in Northampton County,
Virginia, in 1642, " of a contagious
disease called the plague."
Nicholas (Nichols, Nicols, etc.).
Nicholls, Christopher, 2. Sub.
; pd. £62 10s. Also of E. I. Co.
Nicholls, Oliver, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Also of the African
Company of 1618.
Nicholls, Thomas, merchant, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £62 10s. Also of E.
1. Co.
Nicholls, ■William, clothworker.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50.
Nornicott, Thomas, clothworker,
2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s.
July 24, 1618, he passed his three
shares in Virginia to Mr. Francis Mev-
erell. He was master of the Cloth-
workers in 1025.
Norris, Francis Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. £50. Son of William Nor-
ris, marshal of Berwick, who was one
of the celebrated brothers, William,
John, Edward, Henry, Thomas, and
Maximilian, so distinguished in the
wars, times of Queen Elizabeth. He
succeeded his grandfather in 1600 as
second Lord Norreys of Rycote ; sum-
moned to Parliament from October
17, 1601, to April 5, 1614 ; Knight of
the Bath at the creation of Prince
Charles as Duke of York, January 12,
1606 ; created Viscount Thane and
Earl of Berkshire, January 28, 1620 ;
died in 1623. He was of impetuous
temperament, and was at one time
committed to the Fleet prison for an
assault on the Lord Scrope in the
House of Lords and in the presence of
the prince.
North, Dudley Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. £13 6s. 8d. Son of Sir
John North by his wife Dorothy,
daughter of Sir Valentine Dale, doc-
tor of the civil law, and master of the
requests ; born about 1581 ; succeeded
his grandfather as third Lord North.
His brothers. Sir John, Roger (who
was a sea commander of note, and en-
gaged in making new discoveries for
the honor of his country), and Gilbert,
and himself were all interested in a
plantation of Guiana under a charter
to the Earl of Warwick (Robert Rich),
and many others of April 30, 1619.
Lord North lived to be very old, and
died January 16, 1666.
Northampton, Earl of. — William
Lord Compton and Henry Howard.
Northumberland, Earl of. —
Henry Percy.
Norton, John, stationer. Pd. £10.
" Queen's printer in Latin, Greek, and
Hebrew ; " an alderman of London in
the reign of James I. ; thrice master
of the Stationers, and a very great
benefactor of tliat company.
Norton, Thomas. Pd. £13 Os. 8d.
Nor-wich, Earl of. — Edward Lord
Denny and George Goring.
Nor^wrood, Richard. Having been
sent out by the B. I. Co. for the pur-
pose, he made a map of the Bermudas
in 1616, which was licensed for pub-
lication, January 19, 1622, by the Sta-
tioners' Company of London ; married
at St. Andrew Hubbard. London, in
May, 1622, Rachel, daughter of Fran-
cis Boughton, of Sandwich, County
Kent. In May, 1621, he desired to
go to Virginia to survey lands ; but
William Clay borne was sent. Feb-
ruary 3, 1623, he bought a share in
Virginia of Francis Carter, and the
NOTTINGHAM — O'TOOLE
959
same year patented lands In that col-
ony, but, it seems, continued to live in
the Bermudas (where he was a school-
master) until his death in October,
1675, at the age of about 85. He was
one of the first who measured a degree
of the meridian with approximate ac-
curacy ; made a second survey of the
Beruuidas in 1662-63, and was the
author of several books on " Trigo-
nometry," "The Seaman's Practice on
Fortitieations," etc.
Nottingham, Earl of. — Charles
Howard.
Nuttall, Jonathan, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Offley, Robert, merchant, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £112 10s. A leading
merchant of London, and of the E. I.,
N. W. P., B. 1., and Va. companies.
One of the purchasers of the Ber-
mudas, November 25, 1612 ; added to
the King's Council for the Va. Co. be-
tween 1616 and 1620, and recom-
mended by the king as a candidate for
deputy treasurer of the company, May
22, 1622. There were two leading
merchants of the name, namely, the
son of William Offley, of London,
luercliant-tailor, by Anne, daughter of
William Beswicke, of London, alder-
man (she married, secondly, Sir Henry
Bromley, of Holt) ; which Robert
Offley, born about 1582, married in
October, 1601, Mary, daughter of Sir
Thomas Lowe ; and was knighted
January 22, 161|. But the Virginian
adventurer was not a knight. He lies
buried in the parish church of St.
Mary Aldermanbury, Cripplegate
ward, London, under a fair monu-
ment, with this inscription : " Here
lyeth the body of Master Robert
Offley, gent., sou of Hugh Offley,
alderman of this city. Who took to
wife Elizabeth the daughter of Hum-
frey Street ; by whom he had issue
seven sons and six daughters. He
dyed at the age of 64 years, on the 4
day of November, 1631."
Ogle, Sir John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
Ogle, Sir John, 3. Sub. ; pd.
. These names probably belong
to the same man, " Colonel Sir John
Ogle," who had served under Sir
Francis Vere in the Low Countries,
and who was still in the service of the
States. Greatly distinguished himself
at the battle of Nieuport, 1600; at the
recovery of Sluys, 1604 ; resigned his
connnand at Utrecht in 1618 rather
than act against Barnevelt. On Feb-
ruary 3, 1623, he was again admitted
into the Va. Co. ; on February 5 he
was chosen to be of the council, and on
the 19th of April following. Chamber-
lain wrote of him as being one of the
leaders of the Sandys faction in the
Va. Co. On June 9, 1623, Henry Lord
De La Warr transferred to him three
shai'es in Virginia. He was tiie author
of the " Account of the last Charge at
Newport Battle, and of the Parley at
the Siege of Ostend," subjoined to the
" Commentaries," of Sir Francis Vere.
" April 12, 1624. Draft of an Act for
the naturalizing of the wife, three sons,
and seven daughters of Sir John Ogle,
who were born in the United Prov-
inces." (Calendars, House of Lords.
See also " The Fighting Veres.")
Oldenbarneveld, Helias. Knighted
by King James at Whitehall May 14,
1610.
Oldenbarneveld, John Van (see
Barnevelt.) Grand Pensionary of
Holland ; born 1547 or 1549 ; ambas-
sador to James I., 1603 ; concluded
truce with Spain, March 30, 1609 ;
arrested with Grotius and others, by
States General, February 21, 1618 ;
trial commenced, November 19, 1618 ;
beheaded at The Hague, May 14, 1619.
Oliver, Francis. Pd. £25.
Ortelius, Abraham, geographer.
Born at Antwerp, April, 4, 1527; geog-
raplier to Philip II. of Spain, 1575 ;
died at Antwerp, January 28, 1598.
Osmotherly, Richard, merchant-
tailor. Pd. £25. Of E. I. Co.
O'Toole, Arthurus Severus None-
such. A character of the time. John
Taylor, the Water Poet, wrote an ac-
count of him in 1622, which Is dedi-
cated "To the unlimited memory of
Arthur O'Toole, or O'Toole the Great,
being the son and heir of Brian
O'Toole, lord of Poore's Court and
960
O'TOOLE — PANTON
Faire Collen, in the county of Dublin,
iu the Kiugdom of Ireland, the Mais
and Merciuy, the Agamemnon and
Ulysses, both for wisdom and valour,
in the Kingdoms of Great Britaine and
Ireland."
" Euglands, Scotlands, Irelands Min'or,
Mars his fellow, Rebels Terror :
These Imes doe gallop for their pleasure
Writ with neither ieet or measure ;
Because Prose, Verse, or Auticke Story,
Cauuot blaze O'Toole's great glory."
There is a portrait of O'Toole (set.
80, 1618) prehxed, with the following
lines printed thereunder : —
" Great Mogul's laudlord, both Indies King,
Whose self-adiuiring iame doth loudly rmg ;
Writes fourscore years, more Kingdoms he hath
riglit to,
The stars say so, and for them he will fight too.
And though this worthless age, will not believe
him.
But clatter, spatter, slander, scoff to grieve him ;
Yet he and all the world iu this agree.
That such another Toole will never be."
Oxenbridge, ■William, esquii-e, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £112 10s.
Paget, William Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. £60. His father, Tliomas
Paget, tliird Baron, a zealous Roman
Catholic, was attainted, "as being a
well-wisher to the Queen of Scotts,"
and died at Brussels in 1587, leaving
au only sou, " William Paget, who was
with the Earl of Essex in the memo-
rable attack upon Cadiz in 1596, and
being restored to the lands and hon-
ours of his father, by King James, was
summoned to Parliament as [4th]
Baron Paget, from November 5, 1605,
to March 7, 1628." M. C. for Va. Co.,
1612. Interested in the Bermudas
Islands, and June 29, 1615, was one of
the incorporators named iu the Ber-
mudas charter. In 1623 he was
friendly to the Southampton adminis-
tration ; June 24, 1624, on " a com-
mittee to resolve upon the well-set-
tling of the Colony of Virginia, and to
give order for the government," etc.
July 15, 1624, he was one of the com-
missioners for winding up the Va. Co.;
buried at Drayton, August 30, 1628.
He married Lettice, daughter of Henrv
Knollys, Esq., and first cousin to Lord
De La Warr, the governor of Vir-
ginia. His daughter Anne married,
tirst, Sir Simon Harcourt, Knight, of
Stanton Harcourt, and secondly, Sir
William Waller, Knight, the cele-
brated parliamentary general.
Palatyne, Frederick Prince (the
Palgrave). His grandson was crowned
King of Great Britain, October 20,
1714, as George I., the first British
monarch of the House of Guelph, which
still rules Great Britain.
Palmer, Sir Anthony. Son of
John Palmer, of Clerkeuwell, esquire
(who died in February, 1586), by his
wife Paulina, daughter of Anthony
Sondes, of Kent, esquire (and sister to
Elizabeth, second wife of Sir Maurice
Berkeley, standard bearer to Henry
VIIL, Edward VL, and Elizabeth) ; a
Knight of the Bath at the coronation
of JameSj July 25, 1603 ; a member of
the E. L Co ; M. C. for Va., March
9, 1607 ; mai-ried, first, Katherine,
daughter of William Kiugsmill, Esq.,
who died in 1613 and lies buried in the
church at Putney, " on the south side
of the chancel, under a handsome mon-
ument, supported by Corinthian col-
umns of black marble ; " married, sec-
ondly, Margaret, daughter of Thomas
Digges, Esq., and sister to Sir Dudley
Digges ; she died in 1619, leaving a
sou and heir, Dudley Palmer, who died
iu 166o.
Palmer, Miles, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s.
Palmer, William, haberdasher, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £62 10s. A lead-
ing member of the E. I., N. W. P.,
B. I., and Va. companies ; one of the
directors of the Va. Co. ; governor of
St. Bartholomew's Hospital ; on the
Va. Commission of July 15, 1624 ;
married Barbara, daughter of Sir
Thomas Archdale, of London. He
died in September, 1636. (See his
will in " N. E. Register," January,
1889, p. 83.)
g^ :li? ^ar^KuPiA ^Y^
'yx>
Palmes, Sir Guy. 3. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Lindley, County York,
and of Ashwell, County Rutland ;
knighted at the Charterhouse, May 11,
1603 ; M. P. Rutland, 1614, 1621-22,
1624-25, 1625, 1628-29, 1640, and
1640 till disabled in 1644 ; sheriff,
York, 20 James I. Died (?).
Panton, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub
; pd. . Of Denbigh; knighted
at Whitehall, March 2, 1607 ; ap-
HENRY STUART
Prince of Wales
PARKER — PARRY
961
pointed gentleman extraordinary of
the privy chamber to Prince Hemry in
1610.
Parker, Sir Nicholas, 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. !Son of Thomas
Parker, Esq., of Ratton in Sussex, by
Eleanor, daughter of William Waller;
was born in 1547 ; captain in Fen-
ton's voyage, 1582 ; knighted by Lord
W^illoughby, in the Low Countries, in
1588 ; M. P. Sussex, 1593 ; in the
voyage to the Azores, 1597 ; a dep-
uty lieutenant of Cornwall, 159S; com-
manded at Plymouth, in the place of
Gorges, in 1603; died March 9, 1619,
aged 73.
Parker, William, Lord Mont-
eagle, 2. Sub. ; pd. £50. Ed-
ward Parker, Lord Morley, married
Elizabeth Stanley (granddaughter of
Edward Stanley, Lord Monteagle, who
so greatly distinguished himself at
Flodden) and was the father, among
others, of William (of whom I write)
and of Mary, who married Thomas
Habington of Hinlip, Esq., and be-
came the mother of William Habing-
ton (1605-1645), the poet. William
Parker, in right of his mother, J^liza-
beth Stanley, was summoned to Par-
liament as Lord Monteagle, during his
father's life. He was knighted by Es-
sex at Dublin, Ireland, July 12, 1599,
and was imprisoned for a while in
the Tower, in February, 1601, on ac-
count of some connection with the
" Essex rising." On October 26; 1605,
he received that memorable anony-
mous letter which led to the detection
of the Gunpowder Plot, and King
James made him a substantial grant
for having thus saved the country from
the most summary convulsion ever
attempted ; M. C. for Va. Co., May
23, 1609 ; also a member of the E. I.
and N. W. P. companies. He went
with Sir Walter Ralegh on his fatal
voyage to Guiana, South America, in
1617-18.
In 1618, at the death of his father,
he succeeded as Lord ^lorley, and was
summoned to Parliament as " Lord
Morley and Monteagle," from Janu-
ary 30, 1621, to Xovember 4 in the
same year. He died in 1622. He
married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Thomas Tresham, and sister to Francis
Tresham, one of the Gunpowder con-
spirators.
Parker, William, of Plymouth. I
suppose this was Capt. W illiam Parker
of Plymoutii, who sailed from that
city in November, 1601, in command
of several vessels for the West Indies,
where he took Saint Vincent and
Puerto Bello, in February, 1602, At
the latter place he took Pedro Me-
lendez, the chief governor of that
town, prisoner ; using him and his far
otherwise than Pedro Melendez, his
great-uncle, used the Huguenots in
Florida. He returned safely to Plvm-
outh. May 6, 1602.
On September 24, 1618, Ralegh
wrote to King James, " If Parker
and Mutton [Mutam ?] tookCampeaeh
and other places in the Honduras
seated in the hart of the Spanish
Indies ; burnt towns, killed the Span-
iards ; and had nothing sayed to them
at their returne ; and that myselfe for-
bore to looke into the Indies because I
would not offend I may as justly say,
O miserable Sir Walter Ralegh." On
the very- day that Ralegh wrote this
letter, Parker, who was vice-admiral
of the East Indian fleet, under Sir
Thomas Dale, died on the voyage. He
was then old and corpulent.
Parker, William, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £5. Still remembered in London
for his great charities.
Parkhurst, Robert, clothworker,
2. Sul). £37 10s.; pd. £100. Fourth
son of Henrj' Parkhurst, of Guildford
in Com. Surrey ; sheriff of London and
njaster of the Cloth workers in 1624;
alderman from Portsoken ward, 1624
to 1634, and from Bread Street ward,
August 28, 1634, to his death in 1636 ;
M. P. for Guildford, 1626 and 1628-
29 ; gave money to purchase books
for Sion College Library, 1632; Lord
Mayor of London, 1634^35; knighted
at Greenwich May 24, 1635; died in
1636, and was buried in the church of
the Holy Trinity, Guildford, where a
monument was erected to his mem-
ory.
Parkins. See Perkins.
Parrett. See Perrott.
Parry, Henry, Bishop of Worces-
ter, 3. Sub. ; pd. £13 6s. 8d.
Chaplain to Queen Elizabeth; was of
Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and
Greek reader there ; made Dean of
Chester in 1605; Bishop of Gloucester
in 1607, and translated to the see of
962
PARSLOW — PAYNE
Worcester iu 1610. He died Decem-
ber 12, 1G16.
Parslow, Giles, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Having served his
apprenticeship, was admitted a free-
man of the Grocers' Company in 1581 ;
to the liverv, March 21, 1592 ; paid
£15 as his part of the £20,000 levied
on London by Queen Elizabeth in 1598;
was warden of the company in 1606;
but came to poverty in 1616; and it
was granted and agreed by the Court
of Assistants, held December 12, 1616,
" that the yearly pension of xx". [£20]
per an. shall be by Mr. Rentors of
this company payd unto Giles Parsloe,
grocer, by quarterly payments as of the
common goodes of this house. The
first payment to beginn at the feast of
the birth of our Lord God next com-
yng and to contynue during his good
behaviour and the pleasure of this
Court." (Grocers' Records.) Also of
E. I. Co.
^
Partridge, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Pashall — Pascoll — Peashall —
Piershall — Pershall — Peshall,
etc., Edmond, grocer, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Admitted to livery, May
24, 1596 ; paid £15 as his share of
the levy of 1598; warden, 1609, when
he had to pay the default of his brother
warden, Timothy Bathurst, to the
amount of £368 ; was senior warden
in 1616. " AVestminster. March 29,
1615. Grant to Edmond Peshall and
Edw. White of London, of the late
imposition of 2s. per lb. on tobacco
imported for ten years, paving to the
King £3,.500 the first year and £7,000
per ann. afterwards, with sole power
to import tobacco and to name persons
for selling the same, with a proviso
of determination at six months' notice,
if found prejudicial to the State."
(" Sign. Man.'"' vol. v. Nos. 3 and 4.)
Pass (or De Passe), Simon, en-
graver. Born at Utrecht, 1591. He
followed hi8 business in England from
about 1613 to about 1623.
Paulson, Richard, merchant. Pd.
£37 10s. July 22, 1618, he sold four
shares in Virginia to Robert Hudson;
July 18, 1620, he sold two shares to
Mr. Andrews and Mr. Greene. He
was long a leading member of the S.
I. Co.
Pa\vlet, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £12 10s. M. P. for Somer-
set, 1614; he "w^as elevated to the peer-
age, June 23, 1627, by the title of
Baron Poulett of Hinton St. George;
and was knighted with liis eldest son,
John, by the Earl of Lindsey, on board
his majesty's ship, the 'Mary-Honor,'
September 27, l635. This nobleman
took up arms in the royal cause, and
was an active commander during the
civil war. He died March 20, 1649,"
and was succeeded by his son, Sir
John, second Lord Poulett of Hinton
St. George, who married a daughter of
Horace Lord Vei-e.
Capt. Thomas Paulett, brother to
the first Lord Paulett, born about
1585, came to Virginia in the Neptune
in 1618 ; represented Argall's Guifte
in our first Legislature, July 30, 1619;
and was living at West and Sherley
Hundred in 1625; on the commission
for Charles City in 1632 and after ;
Burgess for Westover and Flowerdieu
Hundred in 1633 ; patented 2,000
acres, including Westover, January
15, 163^ ; was a member of the council
in 1641-44; died in January, 164^;
and left his possessions in Virginia to
his brother, the first Lord Paulett,
whose son, the second lord, on April
17, 1665, sold the Westover property
of 1,200 acres for £170 to Theodrick,
son of John Bland.
Capt. Thonms Paulett is sometimes
confused with Robert Paulett, with
whom the adventurers for Berkeley
Hundred entered into an agreement
on September 15, 1620, to go as
preacher, physician, and surgeon to
Berkeley in Virginia. He sailed in
the Supply in September, 1620, and
arrived in Virginia in January, 1621.
He was appointed to the Council iu
Virginia by tlie court of the Virginia
Company of London in July, 1621 ;
and probably died in Virginia before
April, 1623.
Payne, John, gent. Pd £12 10s.
1
PAYNE - PERCIVALL
963
He sold liis share to Dr. Theodore
Gulston, December 15, 1G19.
Payne (or Paine), Sir Robert, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. M. P. Hiiutiiig-
doushire, 1(311, 16-Jl-2li, l&M, and
1628-29; knighted at Greenwich, May
22, 1G05. Either Robert of St. Neots,
who married. Elizabeth, daughter of
Dr. John Beilby, or his cousin Robert
of Medloe, who married Elizabeth,
daughter of George Rotherhani, of
Soniery, Bedford. Both living in 1(313.
Payne, "William, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £100. Of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies. Probably the
William Payne, Esq., of llighgate,
who died in 1G28.
Peckham, Sir George. Son of
Sir Edmund Peekham, who died in
15G4, and brother of Sir Robert Peck-
ham, who, dying abroad in 15(39, caused
his heart to be sent into England and
buried in his family vault at Deuliam.
Geoi'ge Peckham was knighted in
1570; wished to discover new lands in
1574 ; had an assignment from Gil-
bert's patent for colonization in 1580;
a prisoner for debts to the queen in
December, 1580, probably contracted
by his father and brother, who had
served the late Queen Mary, and the
family estates were seized by P21iza-
beth ; still interested in America in
1582; a partner in Gilbert's voyage in
1583, of which he wrote " A True Re-
porte " in November, 1583, at which
time he proposed to make another
voyage under Gilbert's patent. The
exact date of his death is not known
to me; but the inquisition on his estate
was held June 21, 1608: "heir, his
son George."
Peirscy (Persy — Percy, etc.),
Abraham. Pd. £12 10s. Cape mer-
chant; he went to Virginia in the Su-
san in 1616; had 200 acres given him
in Virginia by the company, Novem-
ber 15, 1619; was a Burgess in 1622.
His daughters, by his first wife, came
to Virginia in 1623. He was appointed
on the commission w'ith John Porv,
John Harvey, John Jefferson, and
Samuel IMatthews to look into the
state of Virginia, October 24, 1623.
This commission inspected Virginia in
February, 1624. The report, written
by Harvey, is printed in " Mass. Hist.
Col." 4th series, vol. ix. pp. 60-73.
The " Lists of the livinge and dead in
Virginia," at the time is given in " Colo-
nial Records of Virginia," Richmond,
1874, pp. 37-60.
Abraham Peirsey was member of the
Council in Virginia, 1624-28. Some
time after Januar}', 1625, he married,
secondly, Frances, the widow of Capt.
Natiiaiiiel West, the brother of Lord
De la Warr. In 1626 he held 1150
acres " uppon Apmatucke river." Not
long before Governor Yeardley's
death, Peirsey bought of him the lands
of Flowerdieu Hundred, being 1,000
acres, and of Weanoake on the oppo-
site side of the water, being 2,200 acres,
and the sale was confirmed by widow
Yeardle}' and the court, November 16,
1627. Peirsey's will (given in Neill's
" Virginia Carolornm," pp. 404-406),
is dated March 1, 1627. He died
before March, 1634. His daughter
Elizabeth married, first, Capt. Rich-
ard Stephens, and, secondly, (iov.
John Harvey. Her son, by her first
husband, Samuel Stephens, married
Frances Culpeper, and died s. p. His
widow Frances, married, second!}-,
Gov. William Berkeley, and, thirdly.
Col. Philip Ludwell.
Pelham, Thomas, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. &65. Son of Herbert Pel-
hani, Sr., by his wife, Elizabeth West.
(See West pedigree.)
Pembroke, Earl of. — Philip, Wil-
liam, and William Herbert.
Pennington, Robert, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. (Robert Pennington,
grocer and citizen of Loudon, brother
of Isaac Pennington (lord mayor in
1643), died in 1(345,5./).)
Percivall, Richard, esquire, 2.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £62 10s Burke
says, "The life of this ultimately suc-
cessful person was chequered and
eventful in no ordinary degree ; " but
to go into the particulars at all would
require much space, and I must, as
usual, confine myself to the briefest
outline. Of a very ancient family in
Somersetshire; born in 1.550; educated
at St. Paul's School and Lincoln's Inn;
married against his father's consent
and was cast off; went to Spain and,
after the deatli of his wife, returned
to England. In 1586 he deciphered
letters in cipher which had been cap-
tured and which conveyed to Eliza-
beth the first certain intelligence of the
proposed Spanish Armada to be sent
964
PERCY
to take England. Secretary, remem-
brancer, and one of the commissioners
for the office of receiver-general of
the Court of Wards in England; reg-
ister of the same court in Ireland, and
M. P. for the borough of Richmond,
in the county of York, in 1604-11.
He died in 1020. He was ancestor to
the Earl of Egmont, Lord Lovel, etc.
His portrait was engraved for the
" History of the House of Yvery," etc.,
1742, now a rare work.
Percy, Allen. Pd. £12 10s.
Percy, George, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £20. Eighth son of Henry,
eighth Earl of Northumberland, by his
wife Catherine, eldest daughter and
co-heir of John Neville, Lord Latimer;
was born September 4, 1580 ; served
for a time in the Low Countries ;
sailed for Virginia in the first expedi-
tion, December, 1606; governor dur-
ing the terrible time from Septem-
ber, 1609, to the arrival of Gates in
May, 1010. When Lord De la Warr
left in March, 1011, in recognition of
his former services as governor, he
was again ap]iointed until the arrival
of Dale in May following. He left
Virginia April 22, 1612, and reached
England in the following summer.
He probably never returned to Vir-
ginia again. On May 15, 1020, he
transferred to Christopher Martin four
of his shares in Virginia.
After the appearance of Smith's
"General History" with his very un-
just account of the affairs in Virginia
during the time of Percy's govern-
ment, Captain Percy wrote " A Trewe
Relacyon of the procedeinges and
ocurentes of momente wliich have hap-
ened in Virginia, from the Tyme Sir
Thomas Gates w.as sliipwrackte uppon
the Bermudas An", 1009, untill my
departure out of the Country which
was in Anno. 1012." This " True Re-
lation " he sent to his brother Henry,
Earl of Northumberland, with the fol-
lowing letter: —
"My Lorde, This relacyon I have
here sente your Lord-shipp, is for two
respeeks, the one, to showe howe
mutche I honor you, and desyre to doe
you service, the other, in regaid that
many untruthes concerninge thcis pro-
ceedings have bene formerly published,
wherein the Author hathe not spared
to ajjropriate many deserts to bimselfe
which he never performed, and stuffed
his relacyons with so many falseties,
and malycyous detractyons not onely
of this p'ts and tyme, which I have
selected to treate of. Butt of former
oecurrentes also: so that I could not
conteine myselfe, but express the
Truth unto your Lordshipp concern-
inge theise affayres, and all which I
ayme att is to manyfeste myselfe in all
my actyons both now and alwayes to
be your Lordshipps humble and faith-
full servante. G. P."
(Mr. Neill has given some extracts
from this Relation in the preface to his
" Virginia Vetusta," 1885.)
Percy again went to the Low Coun-
tries some time after war was declared
with Spain, jirobably in 1025, where,
Collins says, " he distinguished him-
self; had one of his fingers shot off,
was captain of a company, A. D.
1627, and died unmarried in 1032,"
Percy, Henry, ninth Earl of North-
umberland. It has been truly written
that " the Percys p^e almost without a
peer even in the peerage of Great Brit-
ain ; their nobility dates as remotely
as the sovereignty of Normandy and
their renown, coeval with their nobil-
ity, has flourished in every age, and
coexisted with every generation since.
Not more famous in arms than dis-
tinguished for its alliances, the family
banner bears a galaxy of heraldic
honors altogether unparalleled."
Henrj', the ninth earl, of whom I
write, was born in April, 1504. He
was the oldest brother of Capt. George
Percy aforesaid; succeeded his father,
1585; followed Leicester to the Nether-
lands, December, 1585; joined the fleet
against the Armada, 1588 ; K. C. G.,
159.3 ; at siege of Ostend, 1001 ;
challenged Sir Francis Vere, 1002 ;
privy councilor by James I., 1003 ;
M. A. Oxford, August 30, 1005 ; sus-
pected of being privy to Gunpowder
Plot, and committed to the Tower,
November, 1005 ; convicted by Star
Chamber, fined, and sentenced to im-
prisonment for life, June 27, 1003. He
corresponded with, and was a good
friend to, his brother, Capt. George, in
PERCY — PETT
965
Virginia, 1G06-12. lie was the patron
of Hariot, Hues, and Warner; liber-
ated from the Tower, July 18. 16l*l.
His brother George sent him a true
account of atfairs iu Virginia (1G09-
12) in reply to the false account in
Smith's "History" of 1G24 ; died at
Petworth November 5, 1G32; married
Dorothy Devereux (sister to the Earl
of Essex who was hehcaded in IGOl),
and had two sons and two daughters.
Algernon Fort in Virginia and Alger-
non Sidney, the patriot, were named
for his eldest sou Algernon, tenth earl.
Dorothy, the eldest daughter, married
Rohert Sidney, second Earl of Leices-
ter, and Lucy, the youngest, married
James Hay, Earl of Carlisle.
Perez, Marco Antonio, statesman.
Born in Aragon, loll ; secretary of
state to Philip XL, 15G7 ; arrests, tri-
als, convictions, etc., 1581-91 ; visited
England about 1593-95; died at
Paris, November 3, 1611.
Perkins (Parkins etc.), Aden,
grocer, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Ap-
prenticed to Edmond Peshall ; sworn
to freedom, March 8, 1G08; admitted
to the livery, 1617. He was also of
the E. I. and N. W. P. companies.
Perkins (or Parkins), Sir Chris-
topher, 2. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £50.
During 1590-94 he was sent several
times as an ambassador from Queen
Elizabeth to the rulers in the East,
Christian, King of Denmark, Sigis-
mund III., King of Poland, and Ru-
dolph II., the emperor of the Romans;
M. P. for Ripon, 1597-98 and 1601;
knighted at Whitehall, July 23, 1603;
M. P. for Morpeth, 1G04-11, being
then " Dean of Carlisle." In 1617 he
married " Mrs. Anne Brett, relict of
Brett, of Hobie, County Leices-
ter, deceased," an aunt of Bucking-
ham's, when he said he was " about GO
years of age ; " but Chamberlain
says he was 77. He succeeded Sir
Daniel Dun as master of requests, and
died about the last of August, 1G22.
"His widow. Lady Perkins, is sister
to the Countess of Buekinghani, and
mother to the Countess of Middlesex.
He was said to be a papist or Jesuit,
a doctor, a dean, a master of requests,
a knight, and what not." (Chamber-
lain.) He was buried in Westminster
Abbey, September 1, 1622.
Perkins, Edward, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. He died some time before
1G20, at wiiich time his widow held an
additional share iu Virginia.
Perkins, Francis. Came to Vir-
ginia with his son in 1G08. Smith
gives in his list of this supply only
two of the name, " Francis Perkins,
gent., and Francis Perkins, labourer."
Smith's gentleman and labourer were
probably father and son.
Perkins (or Perkin), Thomas,
cooper, 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Perrott, Sir James, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £12 10s. Of Harrgldston,
County Pembroke. Youngest sou, and
eventually heir, of Sir John Perrott
(natural son of Henry VIII. ), by his
second wife, Jane Pollard ; M. P. for
Haverfordwest, 1597-88 ; kniglited at
Sir William Fleetwood's, July 9, 1603;
M. P. for Haverfordwest, 1604-11,
IGli, and 1621-22, and for County
Pembroke, 162-4-25 ; died, s. p., iu
1611.
Petre, John Lord, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £95. Son of " Sir William Petre,
Knt., LL. D., a person of great learn-
ing, and one of the principal secreta-
ries of state in the reigns of Henry
VIIL, Edward VI., Mary, and Eliza-
beth." He was knighted in 1576;
M. P. for Essex in 1584r-S5 ; created
Baron Petre, of Writtle, County Es-
sex, July 21, 1603. He died October
11, 1613, at \\ est Hornden in E.ssex,
" of a long, languishing consumption."
His sister Dorothy and her husband,
Nicholas Wadham, " founded, fin-
ished, and endowed Wadham College,
0-xford."
Pett, Arthur, 2. Sub. ; pd.
. (The same who made the voy-
age with Jackman in 1580 ?)
Pett (see Peate), Peter, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Lived " on the
other side of Depeford in Kent."
Son of Peter and brother of the fol-
lowing Phineas. (See Le Neve's
"Knights.")
Pett, Phenice (Phineas), 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of Chatham,
Kent. Second son of Mr. Peter Pett,
of Deptford-strand in Kent, one of
the shipwrights of Queen Elizabeth,
who was the son of Peter Pett, master-
builder of the royal navy to Queen
Mary. Born on the 1st of November
(and baptized on the 8th), 1570, at
Deptford ; educated at Emanuel Col-
966
PETT— PHILIP
lege in the University of Cambridge,
1586-90. On the death of his father
in 1590, he apprenticed himself to Mr.
Richard Chapman, a shipwright at
Deptford, and was afterwards made
one of the shipwrights to King James ;
a great favorite of Henry, Prince of
Wales; succeeded his elder brother
Joseph in 1606, as one of the master-
shipwrights in the navy. " He is said
to have been the first scientific naval
architect, remodeled the navy, abol-
ishing the lofty forecastles and poop,
which 'liad made earlier ships resemble
Chinese junks." (Chambers.) In 1610
he laid down the Prince-Royal, a two-
decker, carrying 64 large guns. He
was the first master of the Shipwrights'
Company, after their new charter of
incorporation in 1012.
He fitted out the fleet which carried
over the Princess Elizabeth and her
husband, the Palsgrave, in 1613, and
went in the voyage ; fitted out the fleet
and sailed with Prince Charles to Spain
in 1623 ; and likewise the fleet which
brought over Henrietta Maria in 1625.
It was a safe idea to make the ship-
wright sail in his own vessel on these
voyages. In 1637 he launched at
Woolwich the celebrated Sovereign of
the Seas, the first three-€lecker, and the
largest ship hitherto constructed on
modern principles.
Pett, Captaine Phineas, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Second son of Phin-
eas aforesaid, by his wife Anne, daugh-
ter of Nicholls ; in the expedi-
tion, under Sir R. Mansell, against the
pirates of Algiers in 1620; captaine of
the Tyger man-of-war ; stationed at
Chatham in 1642 ; and was, I take it,
the " Phineas Pette, Esq., and Cap-
taine," who was buried at Chatham,
August 21, 1647.
Pett, Master. " Lamentable Newes,
Shewing the wonderfull deliverance
of Maister Edmond Pet, Sayler, and
Maister of a Ship, dwelling in Seeth-
ing Lane in London, neere Barking
Church. With other strange things
lately hapned concerning these great
windes and tempestuous weatlicr, both
at Sea and Lande. Imprinted at Lon-
don by T. C. for William I>arlev, dwel-
ling over against Grace Church, neere
Algate, 1013."
Pettus, Sir John, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of Norwich ; M. P. for
Norwich, 1601 and 1604-11; died
April 9, 1613. A benefactor of Nor-
wich Cathedral.
Peyton, Sir Henry, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £25. Sou of Thomas, of St.
Edmondsbury, customer of Plymouth,
by his wife. Lady Cecilia Bourchier,
daughter of John, second Earl of Bath.
Sir Henry followed long the wars in
the Low Countries; was knighted by
King James at Royston in May, 1600;
was of the household of Henry, Prince
of Wales. He entered the service of
the Venetian Republic in 1618.
Phellipps (Philips, etc.), Sir Ed-
■ward, 3. Sub. ; pd. . Of
Montacute in Somerset ; M. P. Beer-
alston, 1584-85 ; Melcombe, 1586-87 ;
Penryn, 1593 ; Andover, 1597-98;
Somerset, 1601 and 1604-11; speaker,
1604; called to the bar of Middle
Temple ; Serjeant, 160.3 ; king's Ser-
jeant, May, 1603, when kniglited; chief
justice of Lancashire, 1604; master of
the rolls, 1611 ; N. W. P. Co., 1612;
died September 11, 1614.
Phellipps (Philips) Sir Robert.
Of Montacute, Somerset ; son of Sir
Edward, aforesaid; knighted at White-
hall, July 23, 1603; added to his Maj-
estv's Council for the Va. Co. about
16i4 ; M. P. for Saltash, 1614, and
for Bath, 1621-22; committed to the
Tower for a time in January, 1622 ;
a distinguished and active member
of the popular party after the dis-
solution of Parliament, February 8,
1622; friendlv to the Sandys party in
the factions of the Va. Co., 1622-24;
M. P. for Somerset, 1624-25, 1625, and
1628-29 ; married Bridget, daughter
of Sir Thomas Gorges, by Helena, his
wife, widow of the Marquis of North-
ampton ; died in 1638, leaving two
sons, both afterwards distinguished
cavalier commanders.
Phettiplace (or Fettiplace),
Michael, gent., 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s. Came to Virginia in 1607.
Probably returned to England.
Phettiplace (or Fettiplace), "Wil-
liam, gent., 2. Sub. ; pd. £10.
Came to Virginia in 1607. Probably
returned to England.
Philip n., of Spain. Born 1527;
King of Naples, 1554; married Mary,
Queen of England, July 25, 1554; his
father, Charles V., abdicated to him
the crown of Spain and the Sixinish
PHILIP — POCAHONTAS
967
possessions iu America, February 5,
1550; the council of the Indies advised
him to contide the conquest of Florida
to Don Luis de Velasco, who sailed
for that purpose in Septembei", 1558;
Queen Mary died November 17, 1558,
and Philip proposed to Elizabeth in
-January, 155'J, but was refused; i-evolt
of the Netherlands, 1505; October 15,
1505, Meuendez wrote to him, "un-
folding his plan for colonizing and
holding Florida by means of a series
of forts at the Chesapeake Bay, Port
Koyal, the Martyrs, and the Bay of
Juan Ponce de Leon." His treasure
stayed in England on account of the
Hawkins trouble in 1508 ; King of
Portugal, 1580; at open war with Eng-
land, 1585; sent the Armada against
England, 1588 ; intrigued in France
against Henry of Navarre, 1585-93 ;
his ministers attempt assassination of
Queen Elizabeth, 1593-94; died at the
Escurial, September 13, 1598, and was
succeeded by his son as Philip III.
Philip III, of Spain. Son of Phil-
ip II. by his fourth wife, Anna of
Austria, whose mother was sister to
Philip II. Born at Madrid, April 14,
1578 ; succeeded his father, Septem-
ber 13, 1598; made Duke of Lermaliis
first minister ; married Margaret of
Austria, April 18, 1599; continued war
in the Netherlands ; sent embassy to
James I. of England in 1003; con-
cluded treaty of peace with England,
August 18, 1004, and signed the same
at Valladolid, June 15, 1005 ; con-
cluded truce for 12 years, and rec-
ognized independence of the United
Provinces, April 9, 1009 (N. S.); ex-
pelled all Moors from Spain, January
10, 1010 ; lost his queen, October 3,
1011 ; proposed marriage to the Prin-
cess Elizabetii of England, 1012 ; dis-
missed Lernia, October 20, 1018; min-
istry of the Duke of L'zeda (Lerraa's
son); died at Madrid, :March 31, 1021.
He was timid, indolent, and incapable,
and abandoned the direction of affairs
to his favorite, the Duke of Lerma.
Phillips. See Phellipps, etc.
Phillips, Thomas. Pd. £12 10s.
Philpot, Henry. Pd. £25.
Pigot, Captain (John), 2. Sub.
; pd. . (Taken prisoner at
Mulheim iu 1005. Went with Pialegh
to Guiana in 1017, and died there.)
Pit, George, 2. Sub. £37 10s.;
pd. £112 10s. Also of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies. Probably George
Pitt, of Harrow on the Hill in County
Middlesex, whose daughter Elizabeth
married, first. Sir Henry Hatton, and,
secondly, Peter Pett.
Plumnier (or Plomer), Edward,
merchant, 3. Sub. ; pd. .
Probably Edmund IMomer, of London,
who was buried in St. Swithin's, Lon-
don, August 31, 1024.
Plumnier — Plumer — Plomer,
Thomas, merchant-tailor. Sub. ;
pd. . Who bought Sir Walter
Ralegh's house and lands at Mitcham
in 1010 ; son of Walter Plomer, mer-
chant-tailor, of London. In January,
1037, he was chosen sheriff of London,
and King Charles wrote to the lord
mayor and court of aldermen, asking
them to excuse him from serving,
" considering his infirmity in his hear-
ing, and for some other respects best
known to ourself, we hold him no way
fit to undertake that charge, espe-
cially in these times of action." The
lord mayor and aldermen were slow
in consenting, and on the 17th Octo-
ber, 1037, tlie king wrote, " command-
ing that, without further delay, Mr.
Plummer's bond should be delivered
up to him," etc. He was buried in St.
Swithin's Church, London, July 4,
1039. His son. Sir Walter, was made
a baronet.
Pocahontas. Strachey says this
name means " little wanton " — a name
which the settlers would be apt to give
to any little Indian girl. Powhatan
was the father of more than one
" little Indian wanton," and it does not
seem certain to me that the Pocahon-
tas (aged ten) seen by Smith in May,
1008; the Pocahontas, alias Amonate,
whoxn Strachey says " married a
private captaine called Kocoum" in
1010 ; and the Pocahontas, aliaa Ma-
toaka (aged 19), who married John
Rolfe in April, 1014, were necessarily
the same " little wanton." The refer-
ences seem to apply to, at least, two
Indian girls.
The Pocahontas who married Rolfe
was brought to Jamestown as a pris-
oner by Captain Argall in April, 1013.
In tiie following August there was a
very interesting collection of prisoners
in Virginia: French Jesuits and officers,
Spanish spies, and an Indian princess,
968
POCAHONTAS — POPHAM
mainly collected by " that piratical ship
called the Treasurer," wliich, six years
later, brought the first negroes to Vir-
ginia. In the spring of 1616, Sir
Thomas Dale sailed to England in the
Treasurer, taking with him the Prin-
cess Pocahontas and several other In-
dians. She was " the lion " of the day;
was wined, and dined, and taken to the
play. Lord and Lady I)e la Warr
introduced her at court. She was en-
tertained by the Bishop of London as
the first fruit of the English Church
among the Virginians. She died at
Gravesend in March, 1617, and Smith
says that Sir Lewis Stukely took charge
of her child, Thomas Rolfe. Other
accounts make it appear that the child
was left with his uncle, Henry Rolfe.
Stukely was the vice-admiral of Devon,
before whom the whitewashing re-
port of Smith's misadventure was
made in December, 1615. In the sum-
mer of 1618 he betrayed his cousin.
Sir Walter Ralegh. In January, 1619,
it was found out that he "had been
for many years engaged in the nefari-
ous occupation of clipping coin ;" and
Gardiner says, " He fled away to
hide his shame in the lonely Isle of
Lundy, and in less than tw^o years after
Ralegh's execution, he died a raving
madman, amidst the howling of the
Atlantic storms."
Poe, Dr. (Leonard), 2. Sub. ;
pd. . One of the king's physi-
cians ; chosen a fellow of the College
of Physicians, July 7, 1609. He at-
tended Salisbury in his last illness.
Pole — Po-wle. See Powell.
Poole (spc Pov^ell), Jonas, mari-
ner. He had made several voyages to
the northern oceans before coming to
Virginia ; went to tlie falls of James
River in May, 1607. Purchas says he
was paid a certain stipend by Sir
Thomas Smytlie and tlie Mus. Co., and
that he made annual vo3ages to the
North Sea ; that *' he was the first
namer of Greenland in the voyage of
May, 1610 [the land was really S2iitz-
bergen] ; tliat he brought home, on
one of his voyages, the home of a sea
unicorn, which was good against poi-
sons ; and that soon after his return
from his voyage of 1612 lie was " mis-
erably and basely miirthered betwixt
Ratcdiffe and London."
Poole (or Pole), Sir "William, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Shute,
County Devon. The celebrated an-
tiquary ; barrister of the Inner Tem-
ple and treasurer of the same; sheriff
of Devon, 1602-03; knighted at
Whitehall, February 15, 1607 ; died
February 9, 1635, aged 74.
Popham Pedigree. (Extract.) Al-
exander Popham, of Huntworth, Coun-
ty Somerset, married Jane, daughter
of Sir Edward Stradling, of St. Do-
nat's Castle, County Glamorgan, and
had issue, with others, two sons, Ed-
ward and John (of whom hereafter).
The eldest son, Edward Popham,
Esq., of Huntworth, married Jane,
daughter of Richard Norton, of Ab-
bot's Lee, and had, with others, two
sons, Alexander and George (of whom
hereafter).
Popham, Alexander. Eldest son
of Edward Popham, Esq. (see pedi-
gree) ; married Dulcibella, daughter
of John Barley. Pie was buried in
the Temple, London.
Popham, Sir Francis. Son and
lielr of Sir John Popham, Lord Chief
Justice. " Lived chiefly at Haindstreet
Marksbury, near Bath." Knighted by
Essex for gallantry at Cadiz, 1596 ;
M. P. for Somerset, 1597-98, and for
Wiltshire, 1604-11 ; M. C. for Va.,
Novenaber 20, 1606 ; joined the South
Va. Co. prior to 1619; M. P. for Marl-
borough, 1614 ; M. C. for N. E. Co.,
November 3, 1620 ; M. P. for Bedwin
(Bodmin ?) 1621-22; for Chippenham,
1624-25, 1625, and 1626 ; for Mine-
head, 1640 till decease. " He was a
strong Parliamentarian, and was ex-
cepted out of the general pardon by the
king." He was first buried at Stoke-
New ington, near London, August 15,
1644 ; but it seems his body was re-
moved and reburied at Bristol, March
16, 1647. He married Anne (born Feb-
ruary 12, 1575), daughter of John Dud-
ley, Esq., of Stoke-Newington (he died
in 1581, and his widow married Thomas
Sutton, founder of the Charterhouse),
son of Hon. Thomas Dudley, by his
wife Sarah, daughter and co-heir of
Lancelot Tliirkeld (was this the same
person who aided in sending ves-
sels to America in the first of the
sixteenth century ?). Sir Francis and
Anne Popham were tlie parents of five
sons and eight daughters. The eldest
son, John, married, June 21, 1621,
I
POPHAM — POPtY
9G9
Mary, daughter of Sir Sebastian Har-
vey. (Harvey died in April before
the marriage, and his widow after-
wards married Sir Thomas Hiiiton,
whose daiighter, by a ft)rmer wife,
married tiie celebrated Col. Samuel
Matthews, of .James City, Virginia.)
Popham, Captain George. Sec-
ond son of Edward Popham, Esq.
(see pedigree) ; was probably born
about l~}~)3-oo; captured from a Span-
ish vessel at sea, in 1594, documents
concerning Guiana, which were used
by Ralegh (see his Life by Edwards,
vol. i. p. 176). He was a captain in
Robert Dudley's voyage to Guiana,
November, 1591, to May, 1595. Gor-
ges says, " He was well stricken in
years before he went to America [in
1607], and had long been an infirm
man." He died February 5, 1608, and
was buried, I suppose, near the old
fort of St. George.
Popham, Sir John. Second son of
Alexander Popham, of Huntworth (see
pedigree) ; was born at Wellington,
Somersetshire, about 1531 ; educated
at Baliol College, Oxford ; M. P. for
Lyme Regis, 1557-58 ; reader at the
Middle Temple, 1568 ; recorder of
Bristol ; M. P. for Bristol, 1571, and
1572-83; serjeant at law, January 118,
1578; solicitor-general, June 20, 1579;
attorney-general, June 1, 1581; speak-
er of Elizabeth's fourth Parliament,
1581-83; chief justice of the Queen's
Bench, June 2, 1592, when he was
knighted and made a privy councilor;
summoned Essex to surrender, and was
arrested by Essex, February 8, 1601 ;
a witness against Essex on his trial.
He presided at the trial of Sir Walter
Ralegh in 1603.
In 1604 and 1605 there was a " great
controversy between the Lord Zouch
and the Lord Chief Justice." Carle-
ton, writing to Winwood, says, " 'J'here
hath a great cause troubled the coun-
cil often and long, between the Lord
Zouch and the Lord Chief Justice ;
the one standing for his privileges of
the bench, the other for his Court of
Presidency, which do sometimes cross
one another. The prerogative finds
more friends among the lords, but the
judges and attorney plead hard for the
law; the king stands indifferent; ad-
huc sub jtidice lis est." I believe this
quarrel had an effect on our destiny.
On the 30th of October, 1605, Sir
John Zouche and Capt. (ieorge Way-
mouth entered into an agreement for
.settling a private plantation in Vir-
ginia ; but, per contra, there was a
strong movement, with Sir John J^op-
ham as leader, against private planta-
tions, "which had always failed," and
in favor of public plantations, managed
by large incorporated companies, and
the Po2)ham idea prevailed. He pre-
sided at the trials of Guy Fawkes and
his associates in 1606. " March 30,
1607, he was commissioned to supply
the place of the lord chancellor in Par-
liament during his absence." "June
10, 1607, Sir John Popham died sud-
denly." June 23, 1607, licensed to Wil-
liam Blackwall and William Ferbrand.
" A Dyttie of the Commons complaint
for the Death of the right honorable
Sir eJohn Popham, Lord Chief Justice
of England." " His remaius repose
mider a magnificent tomb in the church
at Wellington, Somerset, surrounded
by a palisade of wood and iron." " He
acquired the estate of Littlecote, Wilt-
shire, and founded the Pophams of
that place." He married, about 1560,
Amy, daughter and heir cf Robert
Games, Esq., of Caselton, County
Glamorgan, and had issue by her: —
1. Sir Francis Popham, son and heir ;
2. Penelope Popham, married Thomas
Hanham, serjeant at law, and they were
the jiarents of Sir John and Thomas
Hanham ; 3. Jane Popham, married
TJiomas Horner, Esq. ; 4. Eleanor
Popham, married Roger Warre, Esq.;
5. Elizabeth Popham, married Sjr
Richard Champernon ; 6. JMary Pop-
ham, married Sir John Mallet ; 7.
Katherine Popham, married Edward
Rogers, Esq.
Pory, John, gent., 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Born about 1570 ; entered
Gon^'il and Caius College, Cambridge,
970
PORY
1587 ; about 1597 became a disciple
of Hakhiyt in " Cosmographie and
foreign histories." In IGUO he trans-
lated, collected, and published, " A
Geographical Historie of Africa, writ-
ten in Arabicke and Italian, by John
Leo, a More, borne in Granada, and
brought up in Barbarie." It is dedi-
cated to Sir Robert Cecil. Pory has
added a good deal of original matter,
which had been collected by him. It
contains a good account of Abyssinia,
and a map of Africa, tracing the Nile
from an inland lake.
M. P. for Bridge water, 1605-11 ;
Master of Arts at Cambridge, April
19, 1610; licensed to travel for three
years, May 21, 1611; carried to France
a treatise of the Bishop of Ely and
Casaubon's to the Cardinal Perron, in
answer of a certain letter of his sent
to King James, and a present to De
Thou, the French historian, of material
for Queen Elizabeth's life, collected
b}"- Cotton and written out by Camden,
defending Mary Queen of Scots ; vis-
iting Turin, with purpose to see those
parts in July, 1613 ; became attached
to the embassy of Paul Pindar at
Constantinople, and when Pindar was
recalled in November, 1616, the loss
of his place " came ill to pass for poor
Master Pory." " It had been long-
reported in England," says Carew to
Roe, " that he had died in Constanti-
nople;" arrived in England in Janu-
ary, 1617, bringing letters from Sir
Thomas Roe, dated at Asmore, East
India, in February, 1616, and sent
overland to Aleppo, and then to Con-
stantinople, there opened by the am-
bassador, and delivered to Mr. Pory,
who brought them into England ; at
The Hague in September, 1617 ; re-
turned to I^ngland in October follow-
ing ; employed with others by the
Privy Council to bring back Lord Roos
from Rome in the winter of 1617—18 ;
returned to England in February,
1618, " saying he had only been to
Turin, and south parts of France."
On November 28, 1618, he wrote to
Carleton, " is offered the secretaryship
for Virginia by means of Sir George
Yardley, the newly elected governor ;
but will not accept it without outfit as
well as allowance." He did accept ;
sailed from P^ngland January 19,
1619, and arrived in Virginia April
19. He was added to the council in
Virginia, and on July 30, 1619, he was
the first speaker of the first House of
Burgesses in America. He remained
in Virginia, making voyages of dis-
covery, writing letters, and making
himself generally useful until about
August, 1622, when he sailed from
Virginia in the Discovery, Capt.
Thomas Jones, via New England, to
discover all the harboi-s and the shoals
off Cape Cod, and to trade along the
coast where they could. July 26,
1623, Chamberlain wrote to Carleton,
" Our old acquaintance, Mr. Pory, is
in poor case, and in prison at the
Terceras, whither he was driven, by
contrary winds, from the north coast
of Virginia, where he had been upon
some discovery, and upon his arrival
[at the Azores] was arraigned, and in
danger to be hanged for a pirate."
He probably reached England soon af-
ter. On the 20th of October, 1623, the
Privy Council- chose him to carry over
and to publish throughout Virginia,
the orders of July 4, 1623 (concerning
the relief for Virginia), of October 8,
1623 (declaring the king's resolution
in re Virginia), and of October 20,
1623 (exj)laining the king's position).
On the 24th of October he was ap-
pointed on the commission to inquire
into the real state of the plantation in
Virginia. They arrived in Virginia in
Januar}", 1614, and performed their
commission. In their report, drawn
up in February, 1624, they assert that
the general desire of the colony is to
be immediately under the government
and protection of the king, " only
some few, employed by the company,
fear, by the change of government,
their loss of employment, and so desire
to be still under the company." Pory
was on the Virginia Commission of
July 15, 1624, and was a member in
England of the council for Virginia ;
but, it seems, never returned to Amer-
ica again. He remained in London as
a news letter-writer, intelligencer, or
reporter, until about 1631, when he
retired to his home at Sutton St. Ed-
monds, where he died in 1635-36, and
in April, 1636, administration on his
estate was granted by the Prerogative
Court of Canterbury to " Anne Ellis,
■wife of Robert Ellis, and sister of
John Pory, late of Sutton St. Ed-
GILBERT TALBOT
Seventh Earl of Shrevjsbtirv
PORY — PRESTON
971
monds, Lincolnshire, bachelor, de-
ceased, intestate."
Pory, Robert. Pd. £25.
Potts, Richard. Clerk of the
Coiincil ill \'irgiuia, 1608—09; returned
to f]ii(Tliind.
Powell, Sergeant - Major An-
thony. Killed at St. Augustine, Flor-
ida, by Spaniards, August 8, 1580.
Powell, Captain Nathaniel. One
of the first planters ; left England in
December, 1606, and arrived in \'ir-
ginia in April, 1607. In the winter
of 1608, with Newport, exploring the
York River. From July 24 to Sep-
tember 7, 1608, with Captain Smith,
exploring the Chesapeake Bay. He
was probably the author of the " Di-
arie of the second voyage in discover-
ing the Bay," which was sent to Eng-
land by Newport in December, 1608 ;
and the sixth chapter of Smith's " His-
tory " was probably partially com-
piled from this " Diarie," as it bears
Powell's signature, and it was prob-
ably " Captain Powell's Map " of the,
bay and rivers which accompanied
" The Relation of the Countries and
Nations," said to have been sent to
England by Smith in December, 1608.
He w.is deputy-governor of Virginia
for a short time in 1619, and member
of the council there, 1619-22. Him-
self and wife were killed by the
Indians, March 22, 1622. His wife
was a daughter of Master William
Tracy, and he was interested in the
Tracy- Berkeley -Smith of Nibloy-
Thorpe plantation at Berkeley ia Vir-
ginia.
Powell — Powle — Poole — Pole
— Sir Stephen, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £100. Son of Thomas Powle, Esq.,
one of the six clerks of the chancery,
by his wife, Jane Tate, which Thomas
died iu 1601, aged 88, and was buried
in St. Dunstan's in the West, London,
and " liis sou, Stephen Powle, Esq.,
the only survivor of five sons, suc-
ceeded him in the office of one of the
six clerks of the chancery." He was
knighted at Theobald's, jiily 21, 1604,
as of Essex; M. C. for Va. Co., May
23, 1609 ; still living in 1619.
Powell, William, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Came to Virginia
with Gates in 1611 ; was the gunner
of James City ; member of the first
House of Burgesses, July 30, 1619.
Pace first told liim of the plot revealed
by C banco for murdering the colonists,
March 21, 1622. He was afterwards
employed in taking revenge on the
Indians, and was probably killed by
them on the Chicaiiominy, between
January 20 and 24, 1623.
Pow^hatan. " Emperor of the In-
dians in Virginia ; " died in April,
1618. The father of Pocahontas.
Hamor says, " Powhatan's father was
driven from the West Indies by the
Spaniards." Beverley says, " Opechan-
canough was said to have been a prince
of a foreign nation and came to Vir-
ginia a great way from the south-
west, and by their (the Indians) ac-
count we suppose him to have come
from the Spanish Indians, somewhere
near jNIexico, or the mines of St.
Barbe." Smith says, " Opechanca-
nough was a brother to Powhatan,"
which Beverley doubts. However,
when we consider the above accounts,
with the habits of exploring Spaniards
(especially those under De Soto) and
the superiority of Powhatan and Poca-
hontas to the Indians generally, we
may enable their descendants to build
for their ancestors " castles iu Spain."
Poyntell, Richard, fishmonger-
Sub. ; pd. £62 lOs. Of the
E. I. and N. W. P. companies ; will
dated iu January, 16^1 ; a benefactor
of the Fishmongers.
Pratt, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s. Came to Virginia iu 1008.
Prescott, Jeffrey, merchant-tailor.
Pd. £1. Sou of William Prescott, of
Copul in the parish of Standi.^h, and
of Eccleston, both in County Lancas-
ter.
Preston, Sir Amias, 2. Sub.
; pd. £100. " Descended of an
ancient family, who have a habitation
at Cricket, nigh Crewkerne in Somer-
setshire ; a valiant soldier and active
seaman. He greatly distinguislied
himself in the battle with the Spanish
Armada in 1588, in wliich action he
was dangerously wounded."
Made a voyage with Capt. George
972
PRESTON — PRING
Somers to the West Indies in 1595 ;
knighted by Essex for gallantry at
Cadiz in 1596 ; commanded the Defi-
ance in the fleet sent to the Azores
under Essex in 1597. After the Essex
rising, early in IGOl, it seems Sir
Walter Ralegh became involved in a
quarrel witii Sir Ferdinando Gorges
and Sir Amias Preston, and Preston
challenged Ralegh for a duel, " but
the parties weiv afterwards recon-
ciled ; " appointed by James I. " keeper
of the naval stores and ordnance in
the Tower," May 17, 1G03.
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
He is said to have died early in the
reign of King James, but the date of
his death is unknown to me. The
records of the Va. Co. show that he
died before 1619. (Amyas Preston,
gent., and Julian Burye, widow, of
the city of London, were married at
Stepney in May, 1581.)
Pretty, George, gent., 2, Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Came to A'^ir-
ginia in 1607. (Erancis Pretty was
one of the very few Englishmen who
went twice around the world in the
sixteenth century.)
Price, Rev. Daniel. Son of Thomas
Price, Vicar of Shrewsbury ; born in
1578 ; M. A. Oxford, and a chaplain
to Henry, Prince of Wales, in 1609 ;
published several sermons on the death
of the 2>rince, also anniversary ser-
mons on that event in 1613 and 1614.
He was afterwards ch.aplainto Charles,
Prince of Wales, and in July, 1621,
was imprisoned for a few days for a
sermon "wherein he was too busy Avith
Rochelle, the Palatinate, and the Span-
iard." Dean of Hereford in 1625 ;
died in 1631, and was buried in the
chancel of the church of Worthy's, near
Cans Castle, Shropshire.
Price, Henry, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10.S.
Pring, Captain Martin. Born in
1580, probaby near Awlisoombe Dev-
on. His will, which was recorded in
Bristol in 1626, mentions his father,
John Pring, as then living, and his
sister Margaret. Charles Kingsley, in
his " Westward Ho ! " says, " It was
to the men of Devon, the Drakes and
Hawkins, Gilberts and Ralcighs,
Grenvilles and Oxcnhams, and a host
more of 'forgotten worthies,' whom
we shall learn one day to honor as
they deserve, to whom England owes
her commerce, her colonies, and her
very existence." The naval heroes of
Elizabeth's warlike reign, who fought
battles, are comparatively well-known.
The " forgotten worthies " generally
belong to the peaceful reign of James
I., who established colonies and com-
merce. They were not coniined to
Devonshire, although many of them
were from tliat county. I hope " we
shall now learn to honor them as they
deserve."
In the voj'age to our New England
coast, March 20 to October 2, 1603,
Martin Pring was master of the
Speedwell, and chief commander in the
voyage ; and as he was then regarded
(in his 23d year) as "a man very
sufficient for the place," he had prob-
ably been bred to the sea, and was
familiar with the Atlantic Ocean. The
map (CLVIII.) will throw some light
on this voyage. Pring named Whit-
son's Bay, for Master John Whitson,
then mayor of Bristol, and one of the
chief adventurers in the voyage. He
was the founder of the Red Maid's
School, Bristol. The bay is now
called Cape Cod Bay. " Pring car-
ried to England an Indian canoe, and
reported the land he had visited to be
full of God's good blessings."
March 21, 1604, he sailed as master
of the Phoenix for Guiana ; arrived
at Wiapoco in May, but having some
misunderstanding, he left the Phoenix,
and returned to England in a ship of
Amsterdam.
In October, 1606, he was again sent
to our northern coast by the North
Virginia Company, of which voyage
Sir Ferdinando Gorges wrote, " After
he [Pring] had made a perfect dis-
covery of all those rivers and harbors
he was informed of by his instructions
(the season of the year i-equiring his
return), he brought with hiui the most
exact discovery of that coast that ever
came to my hand .since ; and, indeed, he
was the best able to perform it of any
I met withal to this present." And on
his report an expedition was at once
fitted out to establish an English col-
ony on that coast. Where he was in
1608-1.3, I do not know, but probably
in the East India service. On the 1st
of March, 1614, he sailed to the East
Indies as master of the New Year's
PRING
973
Gift, and, returning, reached England
June 25, Kilt).
On the 4th of February, 1C17, he
again sailed to the East Indies as gen-
eral of the fleet ; arrived at Bantam,
July 21, 1G17; took Lord Rich's two
roving sliips, near the river of Surat, in
September, 1(517; late in 1618, joined
his fleet to Sir Tliomas Dale's fleot,
the whole being under Dale's chief
command, and on the 23d of Decem-
ber, 1018, these combined fleets made
an attack on the Dutch fleet, off the
island of .lava. On the 9th of August,
KJli), Dale died at Masulipatam, and
Pring succeeded him in command of
the English East India fleet. He re-
mained in- the waters of the East
Indies, Japan, etc., until 1621, when
he sailed for England, and arrived
in The Downs, September 18, 1621.
While his ship, the Royal James, was
at the Cape of Good Hope, on the re-
turn voyage, her chaplain, the Rev.
Patrick Copland (whom Dale had in-
terested in Vir.';^inLa. while they were
serving together Jr> the East Indies)
gathered from the gentlemen and
mariners in the said ship the sum of
£70 8s. Gd. towards the building of a
free school in Virginia. " The highest
amoimt is £6 13s. 4d. by Capt. Mar-
tin Pring, and so decreasing to Is."
This money was paid to Henry, Earl of
Southampton, for the Va. Co. at their
great and general quarter court, held
the 21st of November, 1621; and the
court add^d 1,000 acres of land to the
said free school, to be at Charles City,
and to be called " the East India
school." " Towards the furtherance
of the East Indie Schoole, an un-
knowne person " had already added
the sum of £30, and at the Quarter
Court held the 30th of January, 1622,
a "person, not willing as yet to be
knowne," sent £25 in gold " to helpe
forward the East Indie Schoole ; "
and "the gentlemen and mariners that
came lately [early in 1622] home from
the East Jndies in the two ships called
the Hart and Roe-Bucke, being at
the Cape of Bona Speranza [Good
'Hope], homeward bound, gave to-
wards the building of the aforesaid
Free-Sclioole in Virginia the summe
of £66 13s. 4d.," making a total of
£192 Is. lOd. = about .S4,S00.
" On the 3d of July, 1622, the Quar-
ter Court of the Virginia Company
thought fltt to make Capt. Marthi
Pring a freeman of the Companie,
and to give him two shares of land in
Virginia in regard of the large con-
tribution which the gentlemen and
marriners of his ship had given towards
good works in Virginia, whereof he
was an especiall furtherer."
Captain Pring died in 1626, aged
46. His monument still exists in St.
Stephen's Churcli, Bristol, England,
with the following inscription: " To
the Pious Memorie of Martin Pringe,
Merchaunt, Sometyme Geneiall to the
East Indies, and one of ye Fraternity
of the Trinity House.
" Tli.^ living worth of this dead man was such,
Tliat this fajT Toucli can give you but A Touch
Of h.'3 admired guifts ; Theise quarter'd Arts,
Eurich'd his knowledge and ye spheare im-
parts ;
His heart's true embleme where pure thoughts
did move,
By A meat sacred Influence from above.
Prudence and Fortitude ore topp this toombe,
Which in brave Fringe tooke up ye chiefest
roome ;
Hope-Tim^ supporters showe that he did
clyme
The highest pitch of Hope though not of
Tyme.
His painefull, skillfull travayles reacht as
farre,
As from the Artick to th' Antartick starre ;
Hee made liimsi Ife A Sliipp. Religion
His onely compass, and tlie truth alone
His guiding C yno. ure ; Faitli was his sailes,
His anchour Hope. A hope that never failes ;
His freicchte was C\ aritie, and his retume
A fruitfull practice. In this fatal urne
His Shipp's fayr Bulck is lodg'd, but ye ritch
ladinge
Is hous'd in heaven, A haven never fadings.
Hie terris multum jactatus et undis.
Obit Anno
; Salutis ( iGao.
-aEtatis ) 40.
" This Monument was Beautified by
Mrs. Hannah Oliver, widdow, 1733."
Captain Pring's daughter, Alice,
married Andrews, son of William Bur-
well. The name is frequently spelled
Prynn, and I am quite sure that Mr.
John Prynn, who patented lands in
Virginia in 1623, was of tlie same
family, and as it seems certain from
the will of Miles Prickett (see " New
England Register," Januarv, 1887, p.
62), that "the Worshipful Captain
Prvn " himself was absent on a voyage
to Virginia in November, 1626, it may
be that the patentee was his father,
who was still living in 1626. It also
seems probable from the date of his
death, and of Prickett's will, that he
either died on his voyage to Virginia,
974
PRINGHAM — PURCHAS
or very soon after his return to Eng-
land.
Piingham. See Springham.
Proctor, Rev. George, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. One of the king's chap-
lains ; rector of Holme Spaldiiig-
upon-Moor and Barwick-in-Elmett,
both in County York.
Proctor, Rev. John, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Possibly came to
Virginia in 1609.
Proude, Captain William, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Prusey (see Bre^w^sey), Ambrose,
gent., 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Pruson. See Spruson.
Puckering, Sir Thomas, baronet.
Son of Sir John Puckering, an eminent
lawyer of the reign of Queen Eliza-
beth. He was of the N. W. P. Co.,
July 26, 1612 ; created a baronet
November 25, 1612 ; resided at the
Priory, near Warwick ; died March
20, 1636.
Puleston, Roger, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Emral in Flint;
M. P. Bodmin, 1584-86 and 1586-87;
for County of Flint, 15$8-89 ; for
County of Denbigh, 15^3, and for
Countv of Flint again, 1604-11. He
was knighted August 28, 1617.
Purchas, Rev. Samuel. Son of
George Purchas, of the parish of
Thaxted in Essex ; 1 'orn about 1574 ;
educated at St. John's College, Cam-
bridge. His license to marry, re-
corded in the Bishop of London's
office, was issued December 2, 1601,
and is as follows : " Samuel Purcas,
clerk, curate of Purleigh Essex, bach-
elor, 27, and Jane Lease, of same,
maiden, 26, daughter of Vincent Lease,
of Westhall, Co. Suffolk, yeoman,
her parents both consent, as attested
by her brother, Thomas Lease, Mr. D.
Freake, parson of Purleigh, whose
household servants the said Samuel
Purchas and Jane Lease now are, ar.d
the said Jane hath lived with said D.
Freake these three years, desires li-
cence — at Purleigh aforesaid." (Pur-
leigh is of peculiar interest to Amer-
icans. The Rev. Lawrence Washing-
ton was rector there, 1633-43. See Sir
Warham St. Leger.) Rev. Samuel
Purchas was vicar of Eastwood in Es-
sex, 1604-13. His " Pilgrimage," en-
tered for publication at Stationers'
Hall, August 7, 1012, issued from the
press soon after November 5, 1612.
TLe second edition appeared in 1614, in
which year he was collated to the rec-
tory of St. Martin's, Lndgate, London
(where he continued to his death), and
appointed chaplain to George Abbot,
Archbishop of Canterbury.
The Rev. Ricliard Hakluyt died in
November. 1616, and many of his
papers coming into the hands of Pur-
chas, he used them in compiling a third
edition of his "Pilgrimage," "much
enlarged with Additions through the
whole worke," which was published
in 1617. " Purchas his Pilgrim-Mic-
rocosmus, or the Historic of Man "
was published in 1619. On the 11th
of December, 1621, " Purchas his Pil-
grimes " was entered at Stationers'
Hall for publication. The imprint be-
gun in August, 16il. The work is-
sued from the press in 1625. May 22,
1622, Purchas was admitted into the
Va. Co. of London. May 5, 1623,
" The King's Tower and Triumphant
Arch of London, written by Samuell
Purchas," was licensed to W. Stansby.
Purchas died in 16'_6, aged 51 years.
His will was written May 31, 1625,
and proved October 21, 1626. In this
instrument he mentions his " father,
George Purchas, of pious memory ; "
his brother William and his sons Dan-
iel and Samuel ; his brother George
and his son John ; his brother Thomas
and his son Sauiixel; his brother-in-law,
William Perkins, who had married
his sister Marj-; his own wife Jane,
his own son Samuel, and his own
daughter Martha. (An abstract of
his will is given in the " New England
Hist, and Gen. Register," Julv, 1884,
pp. 319-20.) It is said that 'he had
also a brother Daniel and a sister, who
married William Predimore.
There is a difference of opinion as to
the qualification of Purchas as an ed-
itor of historical matter. Chambers
says, " He is excessive full of his own
notions, and of mean quibbling and
playing upon words. . . . Among his
peculiarities is that of interlarding
theological reflections and discussions
with his narratives." To me it seems
that the bent of his mind is shown
in his " Pilgrimage." When he edited
his " Pilgrimes," his hobby continued
to be the traveler's tales of the reli-
gions, customs, and privities of foreign
PURCHAS — RAINSFORD
975
countries. Many of the narratives
from which he compiled still remain,
and it seems evident that he constantly
omitted important, practical matter,
while retaining the most wonderful,
and sometimes fabulous, accounts of
people, their religions, and privities.
He was probably not well informed as
to Virginia, as it was against the inter-
est of the enterprise that he should be.
He evidently had no access to the early
records of the company. He did not
even know the dates of the arrival of
the Spaniards in Virginia (1611), and
of Argall's voyage to New England
(1613) ; events which agitated the
courts of half of Europe at the time.
Until Hakluyt's death, ha was obliged
to rely on Smitli ; then Hakluyt's pa-
pers furnished some other matei'ial
down to 161G ; but, unfortunately, be-
fore receiving these papers, Purchas
had " covered the ground " witii Smith's
story, and he did not hesitate to muti-
late and to sacrifice Hakluyt's valuable
papers to his own previously expressed
opinions, as influenced by the said story.
After 1616, he had again to rely on
Smith's and other publications, as the
Virginia records were not accessible to
liiin. He acknowledged that Captain
Smith was " no reputed favourite or fa-
vourer of the Virginia Company and
their actions." He joined Smith in ridi-
culing the cultivation of tobacco as a
staple, and grew eloquent in describing
" how rich might Virginia become if the
colonists would only turn their atten-
tion to ginger and hides."
I believe Purchas was at heart a real
friend to the Virginian enterprise ;
but I am sure that his works display
more learning than accurate informa-
tion or practical knowledge in the
premises ; and I feel certain that the
managers of the enterprise understood
their business much better than their
critics did.
" Mr. D. Freake, parson of Pur-
leigh, whose household servant " Pur-
chas was in 1601, I take to be Mr.
Dr. Freake, or Rev. Mr. Freake, D. D.,
the son, I suppose, of Edmund Freake,
Bishop of Worcester ; probably his
eldest son, John, archdeacon of Nor-
wich and rector of Purleigh, who died
in 1601, the year that Purchas removed
to F>astwo()d in Essex, as vicar there.
Purefoy, Nicholas. Sub. ;pd.
£12 10s. This name is given in the Kim-
bolton MS. as "Sir Nicli: Pewrifie."
Pyott (Piggott, etc.). Richard,
grocer, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £25.
Of E. I. Co. ; elected alderman of
Bridge Without ward. May 3, 1610,
and chosen slieriff of London the same
year. He died January 19, 1620, and
was buried under a very fair monu-
ment on the south side of the chancel
in the parish church of St. Lawrence,
Jewry, London.
Quarles, John, draper, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Son of John Quarles,
of London, gentleman and draper, who
married three wives, and was the
father of twenty-three children. He
was probably of the same family as
Francis Quarles, the poet, who was the
father of eighteen children.
Quicke, William, grocer and
apothecary, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd.
£62 lOs. Served his apprenticeship
to " Andrew Juxe ; " admitted a free-
man, 1592; mentioned in court minutes,
June 22, 1614, as " a Brother of this
company [Grocers'] practising in the
Arte of misterie of Appothecaries, who
refused to take up the Livery of the
Grocers to which he had been nomi-
nated." He was one of eleven apoth-
ecaries interrogated by the court as to
their conduct respecting a movement
towards founding a distinct corpora^
tionof their own. The movement was
carried to a successful issue, and the
Apothecaries were incorporated as a
separate company ; but Quicke did not
live to see that day. He died in Jan-
uary, 1615, leaving his adventures in
Virginia and the Bermudas to his
three daughters. (See his will in
"N. E. Hist. Gen. Register," 1884,
p. 60.)
Quuiga. See Zuhiga.
Rainsford, Sir Henry. Pd. £37
10s. Son of Hercules Rainsford, P>sq.,
of Cliiford, County Gloucester, by
Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Parry ;
was knighted at Whitehall, Julv 23,
1603 ; M. C. for Va. Co. ; allowed
a bill of adventure for three shares
in Virginia, June 17, 1618 ; bought
three shares from Sir Thomas Gates,
May 31, 1620, and two from Francis
Carter, April 30, 1621. He married
Anne, daughter of Sir Henry Good-
976
RAINTON — RALEGH
ere, of Polsworth, County Warwick ;
died January 27, 1622, leaving issue.
Rainton, Nicholas, haberdasher.
Pd. £25. Son of Robert Rainton, of
Highinton, Lincolnshire ; elected al-
derman of Tower ward, June 22, and
chosen sheriff of London, June 25,
1621 ; Lord Mayor of London, 1632-33;
knighted at Whitehall, May 5, 1633 ;
alderman for Aldgate ward in 1633,
and removed to Cornhill ward, April
29, 1634. President of St. Bartholo-
mew's Hospital, 1634 to his death in
1646 ; imprisoned, May 7 to 15, 1640.
He died August 24, 1646, and was
buried in the parish church at Enfield.
His portrait was at Forty Hall, in En-
field, Middlesex. His granddaughter
and heir, Mary Rainton, married Sir
John Wolstenholme, the grandson of
Sir John Wolstenholme, the younger
(who died in 1669), of the Va. Co.
Sir Nicholas Rainton, by his will,
dated May 2, 1646, left his residence
in Lombard Street, and adjoining prop-
erty to the Haberdashers' Company for
certain charitable purposes, payable
annually, namely : to 25 poor of the
Company 26s. each = £32 10s. ; Mas-
ter and Wardens, 20s. each = £5 ;
Clerk, £1 ; Beadle, 10s. ; Porter, 13s.
To St. Bartholomew's Hospital, £12 ;
the City of Lincoln, £10 ; the Parish
of Enfield, £10; the Parishes of Wash-
ingborongh and Heighington, Lincoln-
shire, £11 8s.; of St. Edmund the
King, London, £2 ; and of St. Mary
Woolchurch, London, £2. The sur-
plus income was given to the Haber-
dashers' Company.
Ralegh, Sir Carew, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. . Elder brother of
Sir Walter ; seated at Downton in
Wilts ; M. P. for Wilts, 1584-85 and
1586-87 ; for Ludgershall, 1588-89 ;
and for Fowey, 1601 ; knighted in
1601 ; M. P. for Downton, 1604-11,
1614, and 1621-22. He married Dor-
othy, sister of Thomas Wroughton, and
relict of Sir John Thynne of Longleat,
and was living in 1623. (His wife's
.son. Sir Henry Thynne, first planned a
voyage to Guiana, then, in April, 1612,
a voyage to Persia, and in 1614, to the
E. I. ; and the E. I. Co. was charged
with hindering his voyages in Decem-
ber, 1614).
Ralegh, Sir Walter. Born at
Hayes Barton, in Devon, in 1552 ; en-
tered Oriel College, at Oxford, about
1568 ; served with the Huguenots in
France, 1569-75; under Sir John Nor-
ris in the Low Countries, 1576-78 ;
interested with his half-brother. Sir
Humphrey Gilbert, in his American
schemes, 1578; sailed with Gilbert for
America in the fall of 1578, in com-
mand of the Falcon ; Gilbert was
forced to return, but Ralegh deter-
mined to make a raid on Spanish ves-
sels, had a dangerous sea-fight near the
Cape Verde Islands, and returned to
Plymouth, May 28, 1579 ; was recruit-
ing soldiers for Ireland in July, 1580 ;
landed at Dingle, Ireland, in October,
1580 ; took part in suppressing the
insurrection in Ireland, and received a
grant of 12,000 acres of Desmond s
lands, in Cork and Waterf ord ; in favor
with Queen Elizabeth, April, 1582 ;
furnished a ship, the Ralegh, for Gil-
bert's voyage to America in 1583; in-
terested in Adrian Gilbert's patent of
the North West Passage, February 6,
1584 ; his own letters patent for plant-
ing of the New Lands in America,
March 25, 1584; aided in sending Am-
adas and Barlow to America, April 27,
1584 ; Hakluyt wrote for him " A par-
ticular discourse concerning the great
necessitie and manifold Comodyties
that are like to grow to this Realme
of England by the Westerne discov-
eries," etc. ; M. P. for Devon, Novem-
ber 23, 1584, to September 14, 1585 ;
the House of Commons took action
on his patent, December 14-18, and
the House of Lords, December 19,
1584 ; knighted at Greenwich, January
6, 1585 ; Greenville's voyage, taking
the first colony to Roanoke, April 9,
1585 ; warden of the Stannaries, July,
1585 ; ventured vessels in the voyages
of the Earl of Cumberland ; M. P.
Devon, October 15, 1586, to March 23,
1587 ; letter from Hakluyt at Paris,
December 30, 1586, telling him that
he had dedicated his " Peter Martyr "
to him (Ralegh), and advising him to
make his plantation in Chesapeake
Bay. His colony had returned from
Roanoke with Drake, in July, 1586,
his indenture to White and others,
January 7, 1587. In this year he re-
ceived a grant of Babington's forfeited
estates, JVIarch 17 ; White's voyage
sailed for Roanoke, May 8 ; Hakluyt's
translation of the " Narratives of the
RALEGH — RATCLIFFE
977
Huguenots in Florida " dedicated to
him, May 1 ; lie published " The voy-
age which Antonio de Espeio made
iu the yeere lo83, of the dyscoverye
of Newe Mexico," in May (probably
the first hook published by RaU'gh) ;
was captain of the queen's guard and
member of the council of war. In
1588 he served against the Armada,
and Hariot dedicated his " Briefe and
true rej)ort of tiie new found laud of
Virginia" to him. In 1589 he trans-
ferred his American grants to Thomas
Smith and others, reserving to himself
the fifth part of all the ore of gold and
silver only, March 7 ; his vessels were
constantly found on the Atlantic in
search of Spanish prizes ; he served iu
the Portugal expedition under Drake,
and visited Spenser at Kilcolman
Castle. Returned to court ; wrote the
report of Sir Richard Grenville's sea-
fight in 1591 ; was a partner in Sir
John Watts' voyage to America, March
to October, 1591 ; planned a voyage
against Panama, 1592 ; married Eliza-
beth Throgmorton, and was imprisoned
in the Tower, 1592 ; M. P. for St.
Michael's, February 19 to April 10,
1593 ; Whiddon's voyage to Guiana,
1594 ; his own voyage to Guiana, Feb-
ruary to August, 1595 ; at the taking
of Cadiz, June, 1596 ; jjublished an ac-
count of his vo\'age of 1595 to Guiana,
in 1590, and sent a voyage there under
Keymis. January to June, 1596 ; and
another under Berry (or Birnie) De-
cember 27, 1596, to June 28, 1597. In
1597 he reappeared at court in May,
and sailed on the celebrated voyage to
the Azores in August; M. P. for Dorset,
October 24, 1597, to February 9, 1598;
planning another expedition to Guiana,
under Sir John Gilbert, in November,
1598 ; governor and captain of Jersey,
etc., August 26, 1600 ; M. P. Cornwall,
October 27 to December 19, 1601 ;
Mace's voyage and Ralegh's letter to
Cecil in regard to Gilbert's voyage,
1602 ; his permission for Priug's voy-
age of 1603 ; met King James on his
way to London ; committed to the
Tower on charge of implication in the
Main conspiracy ; was tried and con-
victed November 17, 1603 ; Sir John
Popham presided at his trial. He re-
mained in the Tower until January
30, 1616. Count Searnafissi proposed
to Ralegh to divert his expedition from
Guiana, and to join the forces of the
Great Duke of Savoy in making an at-
tack on Genoa. Ralegh was anxious to
enter this service, thereby causing a de-
lay iu the preparations for the Ameri-
can voyage; but in January, 1617, Eng-
land refused to aid the duke in his war
with Sjjain, and on JNlarch 28 follow-
ing llalegh sailed for (iuiana, where he
made an attack on the Spaniards. He
returned to P^ngland (sailing past our
whole coast, t'/a Newfoundland), arriv-
ing there in June, 1018 ; was arrested
soon after ; beheaded October 29, and
buried in St. Margaret's, Westminster.
His only surviving son, Carew Ralegh,
was admitted into the Va. Co. of Lon-
don, April 2, 1623.
The story of the second Roanoke
colony is the tragedy of American col-
onization.
Ramirez, Captain Diego. The
islands near Cape Horn were named
for him.
Ramsden, Millicent, widow, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. On the
24th of June, 1019, she transferred
her three shares of land in Virginia
to Oliver St. John. She was the
widow of Samuel Ramsden, of St.
Sepulchre, London, brewer, whom she
married in 1004. He was her second
husband. Her first husband was John
Worslcy, brewer.
Ratcliffe, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £50. Son of Sir John Radcliffe,
of Ordsall, County Lancaster ; was
baptized February 24, 1581 ; knighted
in Ireland on " the Sands," Septem-
ber 24, 1599 ; heir to his elder broth-
er. Sir Alexander Radclyffe, slain in
Ireland in 1599 ; M. P. for Tewkes-
bury, 1014, Lancashire, 1021-22, 1024-
25, and 16j5, and for Tavistock, 1626.
He married Alice, eldest daughter of
Sir John Byron of Newstead, and was
slain in the Isle of Re, October 29,
1627. His father had five sons, all
slain in battle : Alexander and Wil-
lianr in Ireland, and Edmond and
Thomas in Flanders, all about 1599 ;
IMargaret, their sister and favorite
maid of honor to Queen Elizabeth,
died of grief for the loss of these
four brothers, and the fifth brother.
Sir John, as we have seen, fell at Rd
in 1627.
Ratcliffe, Captain John, 2. Sub.
; pd. £50. I believe him to be
978
RATCLIFFE — RICH
the Captain RatcHffe who was taken
prisoner Avith Sir Henry Gary and
Captain Pigott at Mulbeim in the Low
Countries in October, 1605.
There is some confusion about his
name, and hence it is hard to locate
him ; but Smith's alhision to him as
" a poor counterfeited imposture " was
an unpardonable reflection on a dead
man. There was no imposture. He
signed his name " John Radclyffe
comeuly called," and in the list of in-
corporators of the Va. Co. of London
his name is recorded as " Captain John
Sicklemore alias Ratcliffe."
In these biographies I have gen-
erally avoided going into the details
of the history of the colony in Vir-
ginia , but I believe Ratcliffe served
his full term of one year in the presi-
dency from September 10, 1607, to
September 10, 1608. Under the laws
then ruling he could legally serve no
longer in that jjlace, and was suc-
ceeded by Capt. John Smith, "as by
course it did belong," the only other
councilor, Captain Scrivener, having
but recently arrived in Virginia. Rat-
cliffe went to England in January, and
returned to Virginia in June, 1609,
where he was " betrayed and mur-
thered " by Powhatan in the winter of
1609-10.
It has been unjustly and erroneously
stated that Raphe Hamor wrote his
epitaph in a few pithy words : " He
was not worth remembering but to his
dishonor." These words of Hamor
were applied to Powhatan's treachery
in betraying Ratclift'e, not to Ratcliffe.
(The amount of his payment (£50)
is not given in the printed account of
1620. He was then long since dead ;
but it is given in the Kimbolton MS.)
" George Warburton, gent., of St.
Dunstan-in-the-West, on February 19,
161|, was licensed to marry Dorothy
Ratcliffe of All Hallows Stayning, 33,
widow of John Ratcliffe, late of St.
Andrew, Halborn, deceased two years
ago" [1609-10]. Was this our
captain ?
Ravenscrofte, William, esquire,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. . Of
Bretton, County Flint ; M. P. for
Flintshire, 1586-87, 1597-98, 1601;
Old Sarum, 1604-11 and 1614 ; and
for Hint Town, 1621-22, 1624-25,
1625, 1626, and 1628-29.
Ravis, Thomas, Lord Bishop of
Loudon. Born at Maulden in Surrey;
educated in Christ Church, Oxford,
whereof he was dean ; twice vice-
chancellor of Oxford University ; Bish-
op of Gloucester ; Bishop of London
in 1607, where he died December 14,
1609.
Reynolds, Henry, esquire, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £87 10s. No-
vember 6, 1622, transferred two shares
in Virginia to William Vesy.
Reynolds (or Reynell), Hum-
phrey. Pd. £12 10s.
Reighnolds, John, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £12 10s. (Master gunner to
Henry, Prince of Wales ?)
Reynolds (etc.), Richard, 2. Sub.
; pd. £50.
Reynell, William, merchant-tailor.
Pd. 10s. (This name is particularly
hard to locate. I find it spelled Reigli-
nolds, Reynolds, Reynells, Reynell,
Renell, and Revell ; then Raighnolds,
Raynolds, etc.).
Ribault, Captain Jean. INIas-
sacred by Menendez, in Florida, Sep-
tember 23, 1565.
Rich Pedigree. (Extract.) Rich-
ard 1 Rich of the Middle Temple
attorney at law, the witness against
Sir Thomas More, was created Baron
Rich, February 16, and lord chancel-
lor of England, October 23, 1547, and
died in 1568, leaving, with others, a son
and successor, Robert,- second Baron
Rich, wlio was the father of several
legitimate sous, viz.: of Richard^
(who married Katherine, daughter of
Sir Henry Knevitt, and died s.p.,v.p.^,
of (1) Robert,^ his successor (of whom
hereafter), and of others. The sec-
ond baron was also the father of an
illegitimate son, Richard ^ Rich, who
married a daughter of John Machell,
sheriff of London, and was the father
of (2) Sir Nathaniel * (hereafter), of
(3) Robert * (hereafter), of Margery *
who married Sir Thomas Wroth, of
Jane * who married Thomas Grims-
ditch, a nephew to Secretary Sir John
Coke, of another daughter * who mar-
ried a Mr. Browne, and another * mar-
RICH
971)
lied to a Mr. Morgan. (1) Robert,^
third Barou Rich, successor to his
father, was created P^arl of Warwick,
August G, 1G18. He married, first,
Penelope Devereux, sister to the Earl
of Essex (Sir Philip Sidney's " Stella ")
and had issue by her : (4) i. Robert ^ ;
(5) ii. Henry* ; iii. Charles* ; i. Let-
tice * (or Lucy) married, first. Sir
George Cary, and, secondly, Sir Arthur
Lake ; ii. Penelope'' married Sir Ger-
vase Clifton, Baronet of Clifton ; iii.
Essex* married Sir Thomas Choeke
of Pirgo ; and iv. Isabel * married Sir
John, son of Sir Thomas Smythe. The
third Baron Rich married, secondly,
in IGIG, Frances, daughter of Sir
Christopher Wray, and widow of Sir
George Saint Paule ( she was the
patroness of the Rev. Richard Bern-
ard), but by her had no issue.
Rich, Sir Henry, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . (See pedigree, 5.) The sec-
ond son of the third Lord Rich ; was
baptized at Stratford-Bow, August 19,
1590 ; licensed to travel for three
years, November 13, 1G07 ; made a
Kniglit of the Bath at the creation of
Henry, Prince of Wales, June 4, IGIO.
He married, in 1G12, Isabella, daugh-
ter of Sir AValter Cope ; M. P. Leices-
ter, 1614 ; captain of the king's guard
in Xovember, 1G17. On the 2Gth of
September, 1G22, his lady and himself
transferred their two shares in the
Bermudas Islands to Henry Percy and
Marie, his wife (the same being the
earliest deed of sale recorded in that
island), and on November 6 they
transferred four shares of their lands
in Virginia to the same Henry Percy ;
created Baron Kensington, March 8,
1G23 ; employed with the Earl of
Carlisle in negotiating the match be-
tween Prince Charles of England and
Henrietta Maria of France, February
to September, 1G24 ; cieated Earl of
Holland, September 24, 1G24 ; chosen
Knight of the Garter, 1G25 ; governor
of the Providence Islands or Bahamas
Company from 1G30 to 1639 and prob-
ably after ; challenged Lord Weston,
1633. Lord Baltimore's deserted
Newfoundland plantation was re-
granted to him and others, November
13, 1637. In 1638 Will Claybourne
of Virginia discovered an island with-
in the limits of the Providence Islands'
patent^ which Claybourne proposed to
call Rich Island in honor of the Earl
of Holland ; opposed Stafford, 1640 ;
member of committee sent to Scot-
land to watch proceedings of Chai'les
I. in the fall of 1640. He became
wavering in his politics; was appointed
captain-general of the army in the
north, April 16, 1641 ; attempted to
manage the intercourse between the
king and Parliament, 1642 ; deprived
of his office of groom of the stole ;
again joined the Parliament, 1642 ;
attempted to regain favor of the king ;
fought on his side at Newbury ; pnb-
lislied " A Declaration made to the
Kingdome," 1643 ; afterwards in the
Parliament interest. In July, 1648,
appearetl in arms for the king ; was
taken prisoner by the Roundheads at
Neots, July 10, and beheaded March
9, 1649. He appeared on the scaffold,
dressed in white satin trimmed with
sdver, which made Bishop Warbnrton
say that he " lived like a knave and
died like a fool." He lived in the
celebrated Holland House at Kensing-
ton, one apartment in which is now
said to be tenanted by the solitary
ghost of its first lord, who issues forth
at midnight from behind a secret door,
and walks slowly through the scenes
of former triumphs with his head in
his hand. His character has been dif-
ferently drawn.
Rich, Sir Nathaniel. Sub. ;
pd. £37 lOs. (See pedigree, 2.) Eld-
est son of Richard, illegitimate son
of Robert, second Lord Rich ; M. P.
for Totness in 1614 ; interested in
the Bermudas in 1616 ; knighted at
Hatton House, November 8, 1617.
March 4, 1619, Mr. Joseph Man as-
signed to him three shares in Virginia,
and he was soon after added to the
King's Council for the Va. Co. ; was
on the council for New England, No-
vember 3, 1620 ; M. P. for Retford,
1621-22 ; sent to Ireland on the fa-
mous commission of March, 1622. He
was a leading member of tlie War-
wick party in the factions of the Va.
Co. of 1622-24, and many drafts of
papers, petitions, charges, and replies,
drawn by himself in those disputes,
are still preserved among tlie Kim-
bolton MS., Duke of Manchester re-
cords. (I have copies of them.) M.
P. for Harwich, 1624-25 ; on the Vir-
ginia Commission of July 15, 1624 ;
980
RICH
M. P. for Newport (I. W.), 1625 ;
and for Harwich, 1626 and 1628-29 ;
aided in fitting out a voyage for the
discovery of the Bahamas in 16i;9 ;
member of the Bahamas Company in
1630 ; deputy governor of that com-
pany in 1635. He died in 1636. Mr.
Stith inaccurately calls him the broth-
er of the second Earl of Warwick.
(See Governor Winthrop's letter to
him in " Proc. Mass. Hist. Soc," 1st
series, xx. pp. 42-45. See also Rich's
letter in " N. E. Hist. Gen. Register,"
January, 1883, p. 60.)
Rich, Robert, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s. (See pedigree, 3.) Brother
of Sir Nathaniel ; wrecked on the
Bermudas, 1609 ; came to Virginia,
1610, and returned to England. He
bought ten shares in the Bermudas of
Mr. Raph Hamor in Southampton
Tribe, and afterwards sold three of
them : one to Sir Thomas Wroth, one
to Sir Thomas Cheeke, and one to Mr.
Cough. He was living in the Ber-
mudas in 1617, and died there in 1620.
"^^^^craj^
Rich, Sir Robert, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £75. (See pedigree, 4.) Eldest
son of Robert, third Lord Rich ; born
in May or June, 1587; made a Knight
of the Bath at the coronation of
King James, July 25, 1603 ; married
Frances, daughter of Sir William
Newport alias Hatton on February
12, 1605 ; licensed to travel for three
years, January 9, 1610 ; M. P. Essex,
1614 ; member Bermudas Company,
1615. In 1616 the Count Scarnafissi
was sent to England as an ambassador
from Charles Emmanuel I., surnamed
"The (xreat Duke of Savoy," to nego-
tiate for I'nglish aid against Spain in
the war then waging between Savoy
and that country. Scarnafissi granted
sundry commissions for ships, under the
protection of which they proposed to
make prizes of Spanish vessels. Sir
Robert Rich and others, late in 1616,
sent two ships with these commissions
to rove in tlie East Indies, where they
became involved with the English East
India fleet, thereby causing a bitter
controversy between Rich and that
com[iany. In April, 1618, before the
news from his East India venture had
reached England, Sir Robert Rich and
others sent the Treasurer (Capt. Daniel
Elfrith) to Virginia with one of these
commissions " from the Duke of Savoy
to take Spaniards as lawfull prize."
Himself and associates had applied
for a charter for the sole trade in
Guinea and Binney prior to October,
1618, w^hen the news of the trouble
incident to this E!ast Indian venture
reached England, and stayed the pro-
gress of this charter for a time, but it
was finally granted November 16,
1618, to Robert Lord Rich, Sir Robert
Mansell, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, Sir
Warwick Heale, Sir Allen Appesley,
Sir Richard Hawkins, Sir Henry Nev-
ill, Sir William St. John, Sir Thomas
Tracy, Sir Richard Bingley, Sir Giles
Mompesson, Sir Thomas Button, Sir
John Bingley, Oliver St. John, and
twenty-two others.
His father had been created Earl of
Warwick, August 6, 1618, at which
time he became fourth Lord Rich.
His father died in April, 1619, when
he succeeded as the second Earl of
Warwick. (Stith confuses the second
with the first earl.) In the fall of
1618, the Treasurer went from Vii*-
ginia to rove in the West Indies under
the Savoy commission, where she took
certain negroes from the Spaniards,
a part of tliem, in consortship with a
man-of-war of Flushing, she brought
to Virginia ; the rest she carried to
the Earl of Warwick's plantation in
the Bermudas. He was added to the
King's Council for the Va. Co. in 1619.
His controversy with the E. I. Co.
and the bad feeling created by the
marriage of his sister to Sir Thomas
Smythe's son, were influential in caus-
ing him to aid the Sandys party in
gaining control of the Va. Co. ; this
combination afterwards split up among
themselves, the Earl of Southampton
leading one party and the Earl of
Warwick the other. He was inter-
ested in the plantation of Lord North
HORACE VERE
First Baron Vere
RICH
981
and others in Guiana in 1619-20 ;
member of New England Council,
November 3, 1620 ; signed the first
Plymouth patent, June 1. 1621 ; active
in the factions in the Va. Co., 1622-
24.
The African Company had made
voyages to Guinea and the river (iam-
bia in 1618, 1619, and 1620, and after.
Sir Edwin Sandys fought against W'ar-
wick in this matter, also, and on May
24, 1624, Nethersole wrote to Carleton
that " this African Company was con-
demned as a grievance."
He was on the council in England
for Virginia after the dissolution of
the Va. Co. of London in 1624, and
was governor of the Bermudas Com-
pany most of the time between 1627
and 1654. In 1629 he was one of
the chief undertakers in the first voy-
age of discovery to the Bahamas ;
signed the patent for the Old Colony
of Plymouth, January 13, and the
Lincoln Grant, March 13, 1630, at
which time he was president of the
New England Council, and so contin-
ued until 1632. He was an incorpora-
tor of the Bahamas Companv, Decem-
ber 4, 1630. In 1630 the Plymouth
Council granted him the land extend-
ing from Narragansett River for the
space of forty leagues towards the
southwest (120 miles — to 40'" N. L. ?)
and within that breadth from the At-
lantic to the South Sea, and March 19,
1632, he made over this grant to his
son, Robert Rich, the Hon. Charles
Fiennes, Sir Nathaniel Rich, Sir Rich-
ard Saltonstall, Richard Knightley,
Esq., John Pynim, Esq., John Hamp-
den, Esq., John Humphreys, Esq., and
Herbert Pelhem, Esq., their heirs and
assigns, etc., only reserving to himself
a fifth part of the gold and silver ore.
He retained his interest in tlie Ber-
mudas and the Bahamas, and contin-
ued to supply his plantations with
negroes.
Warwick River, one of the first
shires in Virginia, was named for him
in 1634. " The World Encomj)assed
by Sir Francis Drake " was dedicated
to him by Sir Francis Drake the
Younger in 1635 ; proposed to go to
the West Indies in 1636 ; power
granted him to equip ships of war for
service in the West Indies, February
7, 1638. In May, 1640, tlie Earl of
Warwick, John Pym, John Hampden,
and other ParUament men had all
their papers taken from tliem. July
8, 1640, the Spanish ambassador com-
plained of breaches of tiie peace by
Warwick and others in the West
Indies under pretense of letters of
marque. Lieutenant of tlie Heet un-
der the Earl of Northumberland, 1642.
The Lords and Commons in Parlia-
ment assembled made him governor
in chief and lord liigli admiral of all
those islands and plantations, belong-
ing to any of his majesty's subjects,
within the bounds and upon the coasts
of America, November 2, 1643. In
tliis year Warwick River, Va., took its
present name of Warwick County.
In 1643, 1644, etc., himself and as-
sociates made sundry grants of lands
in New England ; liberty of con-
science granted in the Bermudas, 1645;
deprived of his office of lord high
admiral in April, 1645. In May, 1648,
he was made lord high admiral by
Parliament. From August 29 to De-
cember 25, 1648, his expedition with
the Parliament's navy for reducing
the revolted ships, commanded by his
Highness Charles, Prince of AVales.
His commission as lord high admiral
revoked by the Parliament, February
21, 1649. (They beheaded his brother
Henry, March 9 following.)
When Crom»vell disbanded Parlia-
ment, he betook liimself to the pro-
tection of the protector, and Lodge
says, " left his estate more improved
and repaired than any nnin who traf-
ficked in that desperate commodity of
rebellion." In 1657 the Rev. Samuel
Purchas (the son of the autlior of
the "Pilgrimes") dedicated to him
"A Theatre of Politicall Flying-In-
sects," etc.
Heath, in his chronicle, says. "The
old Earl of Warwick (presently after
the espousals of his grandson, with
Frances, the youngest daughter of the
Protector) died April IS, 1658. '
The Earl of Warwick's first wife
died in August, 1634 ; he married,
secondly, Susanna (daughter of Sir
Henry Rowe the Elder, and sister of
Sir Henry Rowe the Younger, of
Siiakelwell in Middlesex), relict of
Alderman William Halliday, she died
January 21, 164.5, and the earl mar-
ried, thirdly, March 30, 1646, Eleanor,
982
RICH
Countess of Susses, daughter of Sir
Richard Wortley, and relict succes-
sively of Sir Henry Lee and of the
Earl of Sussex. Her grandchild, by
her first husband, married Anne,
daughter of Sir John Danvers the
regicide. After the death of War-
wick his widow married, fourthly,
Edward Montague, second Earl of
Manchester. She died, and was buried
at Kimboltou on the 31st of January,
166?.
Mr. Stith says (History, p. 187) that
the Warwick faction was composed of
only twenty-six persons, when it was
strongest. The following is a list of
" the Names of Adventurers that dis-
like ye present proceedings of busi-
ness in ye Virginia and Souiers Islands
Companyes." Compiled in April, 1623
(Kimbolton MS. No. 327) : —
" The Earle of Warwick.
Sir Nathaniel Rich.
Sir Henry Mildmay.
Sir Humphrey Hansford.
Sir Samuel Argall.
Sir Thomas Wroth.
Sir Robert Mansfield.
Sir Thomas Smith.
Sir Thomas Button.
Sir John Culpeper.
Sir Thomas Cheeke.
Sir Thomas He wit.
Sir Philip Cai'v.
Sir Ferdinando Gorge.
Sir Joiin Worstenholme.
Mr. Alderman Johnson.
Mr. Doctor Medust.
Mr. Morris Abot.
Mr. Robert Bateman.
Mr. William Gibs.
Mr. Nicholas Leate.
Mr. Wiseman.
Mr. Harris and Mr. Harris.
Mr. Goughe.
Mr. Binge.
Mr. Maye.
Mr. Covell.
Mr. Gore.
Mr. Wilkinson.
Mr. Barnard.
Mr. Moore.
Mr. Man (or Mun).
Mr. Lukin.
Mr. Abraham Chamberlin.
Mr. West.
Mr. Paulston.
Mr. Roberts.
Mr. Mould (or Mole).
Mr. Penniston.
Mr. George Tucker.
Capt. Daniel Tucker.
Mr. Darrell.
Mr. Butler and his brother.
Mr. Lewellin.
Mr. Bell.
Mr. Stiles.
Mr. William Palmer.
Mr. Edwards.
Mr. Moorer.
Mr. Dike.
Mr. George Smith, grocer.
Mr. Robert Smith, uuderchamberlin.
Mr. Canninge.
Mr. Humphrey Slany.
Mr. Thaier [Thayer].
Mr. Edward Beunit.
Mr. Phesant.
Mr. Wrote.
Mr. Stewart.
Mr. John Wrothe.
Mr. Palavicine.
Mr. Christopher Barron.
Mr. Jouson.
Mr. Tieknor.
Mr. Edward Palmer.
Mr. Baynham (or Barham ?)
Mr. Willmore.
Mr. Jadwin.
Mr. Newell (or Nevcll).
Mr. Rogers, junior.
Mr. John Woodall.
Mr. Stephen Sparrow.
Mr. Man, junior (or Mun).
Mr. Roberts, junior.
Mr. John West.
Mr. Pearce.
Mr. Cason.
Mr. Robins.
Mr. Wale.
Mr. Hawes.
Mr. Townseud.
Mr. Essington.
Mr. Ditchfield."
There are eighty-five names in the
list. The Christian names of many
are not given ; but they can generally
be identified. Some of them joined
the company after the time of which
I write ; but enough of them will be
found in these biographies to enable
RICH— ROBINSON
983
the reader to form a just idea of the
Warwick party.
Mr. Stith says, " On the other hand
appeared the vvliole body of Adven-
turers, to the full amount of a thou-
sand persons in all." This is not cor-
rect ; it is a natural consequence of
following the evidence for one side
only. In fact, there were not over
three hundred men then taking an
active part in the affairs of the com-
pany, and not more than one hundred
of these were old members. I have
given this statement as an act of jus-
tice to the Warwick party ; but I can-
not here attempt to discuss the vari-
ous reasons which caused the old
members to cease their attendance on
the Virginia courts, or the motives
which are said to have influenced the
Sandys party in admitting so many
new members. See also CCCLXIV.,
and I have other lists of the same
character giving many additional
names.
Richmond, Earl and Duke of. —
Ludovic Stuart.
Ridge way (Ridgwine, etc.). Sir
Thomas, 2. Sub. ; pd. .
Of Tor Abbey, Devonshire ; in the
voyage to the Azores, 1597 ; sheriff
of Devon and knighted in IGOO ; M.
P. for Devon, 1004-07 ; vice-treas-
urer and treasurer at wars, and treas-
urer of Ireland at various times for
sundry years ; was a large undertaker
in the first Protestant colony in Ire-
land. (In 1G09 he brought over the
beautiful surveys and maps of the
escheated lands in Ulster, wliich lay
hidden from that time until 18G0.)
He was created a baronet, November
25, 1612 ; Baron Gallen-Ridgeway,
May 25, 161G, and Earl of London-
derry in Ireland, August 23, 1G22.
Ridlesdon, Sir Steven, 2. Sub.
; pd. £56. Of York ; knighted
at Chatham, July 4, 1604 ; one of the
officers of the navy, being clerk of
the ordnance.
Rivers, Captain John. Son of Sir
John Rivers by his wife, J^lizabeth
Barnes. (See Sir George Barnes the
elder.) His sister, Anne Rivers, mar-
ried Sir ^latthew Carew, and became
the mother of Thomas Carew, the
poet.
Roberts, Elias, merchant-tailor,
3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of
E. I. Co.; January 15, 1617, sent one
man to Virginia, under Capt. Raphe
Hamor. In 1618, himself and his son
Elias, Jr., owned four shares in the
Bernuulas; May 22, 1622, he gave his
son 100 acres in Virginia. Will dated
January, 1624, proved February 20,
1626. (See "N. E. Register," Octo-
ber, 1888, p. 306.)
Roberts, George. Sub. £37 10s.
(See George Robins.)
Roberts, Tedder, Tudor, or Theo-
dore, 2. Sub. ;pd. £37 10s. Of
E. I. Co.
Robins, George, vintner, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £02 10s. Also of E. I.
and N. W. P. companies.
He was at Brest in 1615, and I sup-
pose was the Mr. George Robins who
was buried in the parish of St. Mary
Woolchurch Haw, London, on August
27, 1646.
Robins, Richard. Pd. £12 10s.
Of Longbuckbye in Northampton
County, England. His brothers, Obe-
dience and Edward, settled in North-
ampton County, Virginia.
Robinson, Arthur, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Of St. Peter, Cornhill, Lon-
don, mercer; brother to Robert; was
a member of the E. I. Co. in 1609
and N. W. P. Co. in 1612. He mar-
ried, in 1603, Elizabeth, daughter of
William Walthall.
Robinson, Henry, esquire, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £87 10s. Of St. Mi-
chael Basishaw, London; born in 1587;
son of Henry Robinson, Sr., by his wife
Alice, daughter of Thomas Wilkes;
married, in 1611, Mary, the daughter
of Sir William Glover, knight and
alderman of London ; an incorporator
of, and a director in, the E. I. Co.;
afterwards knighted; buried at Isling-
ton, December 21, 1637, in the vault
with his mother. His mother was
thrice married : first to Henry Robin-
son, Sr. ; secondly to William Elkin,
alderman of London, and thirdly to
Thomas Owen, one of the justices of
the Common Pleas. Mrs. Alice Owen
died in 1613 ; she founded the alms-
house for ten widows, and the free-
school for 30 boys, at Islington.
Robinson, Jehu (or John), gent.,
2. Sub. ; pd. . He was
killed by the Indians in Virginia, De-
cember, 1609.
Robinson John, gent., 3. Sub.
984
ROBINSON — ROE
£37 10s.; pd. £75. Probably son of
John and Martha Robinson (whom
see).
Robinson, John, merchant-tailor.
Pd. ()s. Married, in 1597, Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Richard Rogers.
Robinson, John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Chief searcher of customs ;
was buried at St. Olave's, London, De-
cember 13, 1G09. His widow, Mary,
deserves especial mention. She was
the daughter of William Ramsey, of
London, grocer ; her first husband,
John Wanton, of London, gent., a
searcher of the customs, died in Au-
gust, 1592, and she married, secondly,
I'ebruary 26, 1593, John Robinson,
aforesaid. Mrs. Mary Robinson was
buried with her two husbands at St.
Olave's, Hart Street, London, Octo-
ber 13, 1618. The following is an ex-
tract from her will : " I give and be-
queth towardes the helpe of the poore
people in Virginia, towardes the build-
inge of a churche, and reducing them
to the knowledge of God's worde, the
some of two hundred poundes to be
bestowed at the discreacon of my
cozen. Sir John Wolstenholme, knight,
with the advise and consulte of four
others of the chiefest of the Virginia
Company, within two yeares uexte
after my decease."
She was a niece of Sir Thomas
Ramsey, Lord Mayor of London, who
with his wife (Mary, daughter of Wil-
liam Dale, merchant of Bristol) were
the great benefactors of the Grocers'
Company, of Christ's Hospital, Lon-
don, and of Queen Elizabeth's Hospi-
tal, Bristol.
In the summer of 1G19 "a person
unknowne " gave for Mistris Mary
Robinson's church in Virginia a com-
mimion-cup, which precious relic, in-
scribed " The Communion Cupp for
St. Mary's Church in Smith's Hun-
dred in Virginia," is still preserved in
the Old Dominion.
Mrs. Mary was John Robinson's
second wife ; she bore him no child.
Martha Cruxtoue was his first wife and
the mother of his children. Their
daughter Jane married Thomas
Smythe, of London (whose daugliter,
Martha Smytlie, married Archdale,
son of W^illiam Palmer). Another
daughter, Susanna Robinson, married
William ,Iordan, of Surrey. The sons
of John Robinson were William,
Henry, John, and Robert. I believe
his son John to be the John, gent., of
the Va. Co. He was born about 1578;
lived atGravesend; married, in April,
1612, Bridget, daughter of Robert Jen-
kinson, of Loudon ; died January 18,
167 1 , aged 96, and was buried in
Gravesend church.
Robinson, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Brother to Arthur; also of
E. I. and N. W. P. companies. (I be-
lieve that I have identified these Rob-
insons correctly ; but so many men of
affairs bore the name, at the time, that
I cannot always be certain.)
Rochester, Earl of. — Robert Carr.
Roe — Rowe, Henry, mercer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Second son of Sir
Thomas Rowe, lord mayor in 1568.
He was born in 1544; apprenticed to
Matthew Field, mercer ; admitted to
freedom in Mercers' Companj^, 1571;
warden of the company, 1591 ; sheriff
of London, 1597, and lord mayor in
1608; died in 1612 and was buried at
Hackney, December 22.
His brother, William Roe, Esq.
(whose widow married Sir Reginald,
the brother of Sir Samuel Argall).
is described as a very learned man,
who, when in Germany, lived upon
terms of intimacy with Immanuel
Tremellius and Theodore Beza.
Roe, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £60. Son of Robert Roe (son of
Sir Thomas Roe, Lord Mayor of Lon-
don in 1568), esquire of the body to
Queen Elizabeth, by his wife Eliza-
beth, daughter of Robert Jermy, of
Antingliam; born about 1580, at Low
Leyton in Essex ; entered Magdalen
College, Oxford, in 1593; knighted at
Greenwich, March 23, 1605 ; M. C.
for Va., March 9, 1607; M. C. f or Va.
Co., May 23, 1609. "This worthy
young knight and right valiant Gen-
tleman in 1609-10, at his and his
friends charge, builded a shippe, and
a pinace for the discovery of Guyana,
hee set sayle from Plimmouth, Febru-
ary 24, (1610), and in the end of Aprill
(1610) fell with the great river of the
Amazons." He spent 13 months in dis-
covering the Amazon, the Wyapoco,
and the Orinoco rivers and adjacent
regions, and returning " arrived at the
Wight, in July, 1611 ; " between which
date and 1615, " he sent twice thither
ROE
985
to make farther discoveries and to
maintayne twenty men in the River of
Amazones, for tlie good of his countrey,
who are yet (1G15) remayning there
and supplied." (Henry, Prince of
Wales, was interested in this enter-
prise.) M. P. for Taniworth in 1614.
On September 7, 1014, bir Thomas
Smith, the governor, proposed to the
E. I. Co. that " they should employ Sir
Thomas Roe at Agra, he being a gen-
tleman of. pregnant understanding,
well spoken, learned, industrious, of a
comely personage and one of whom
there are great hopes that he may work
much good for the company." Soon
after this. King James I., at the E. I.
Co.'s request and expense, appointed
Sir Thomas Roe his ambassador to
the Great Mogul, Shah Jehan.^ This
was the first royal embassy from
England to that remote country. He
sailed from Gravesend January 24,
1615, and lauded at Surat in Septem-
ber, 1615; resided at the court of the
Great Mogul till 1618, whence he
proceeded to that of Shah Abbas in
Persia ; left the East Indies early in
1619, and arrived at Plymouth, Eng-
land, late in August, 1619. He wrote
an account of his embassy, and made
a map of the Great Mogul's empire.
Bourne, in his " Famous London Mer-
chants," says, " Sir Thomas Roe did
much good work. He formed an alli-
ance with the great Mohammedan
Emperor of the East, one of the race
of mighty potentates who ruled all the
north of India, and the vast districts
on the other side of the Himalayas,
and thus surely laid the foundations
of that intercourse between England
and India which was to end, after two
centuries of trading and fighting, in
India becoming the property of Eng-
land. For all this, not a little of the
praise belongs to Sir Thomas Smythe."
His sister Mary married Richard
Berkeley (whom see), and he was in-
terested in the plantation of Berkeley
on James River (see John Smith, of
Nibley). On May 17, 1620, James I.
recommended him to the Va. Co. as
a proper person for governor of that
company. July 6, 1620, " Sir Thomas
Roe and his partners " procured a pat-
1 The Emperor J^hanghir, tlie Selim of Moore's
poem, who built the mausoleum Taj Mahnl at
Apra to his favorite wife, Nourmalinl, the Light
of the Harem of Moore's Lalla Jiookh.
ent for the monopoly of the tobacco
trade of England. July 7, 1620, Sir
John Davers and Sir Thomas Roe
were appointed by the South Virginia
Company to draw up a letter to the
king, asking him to preserve the fish-
ing at Cape Cod free to both Virginia
companies. November 3, 1620, Roe
is one of the first council and incor-
porators of the N. E. Co. November
4, 16l0, he was desired by the Va. Co.
to presi'ut their petition, regarding
the Cape Cod fisheries, to his majesty,
and on November 13 Roe presented
a favorable reply to this petition from
his majesty. M. P. for Cirencester,
1621-1:2. From 1622 to 1628, Sir
Thomas Roe was the ambassador
from England to the court of the
Sublime Porte at Con^tantinople.
While there, in 161:3, he concluded a
truce for the English merchants with
the pirates of Algiers and Tunis, and,
" by his prudence and sagacity, suc-
ceeded in obtaining the most valuable
results, not only for the extension of
trade, but even for the Christian re-
ligion itself." In 1629 he was sent
as " ambassador to the King of
Poland, and other princes and states
in the eastern parts ; " and June 11
in that year he was commissioned by
the King of England to negotiate a
peace between the kings of Poland
and Sweden. (On his way he treated
with the King of Denmark, as also on
his return.) Gustavus Adolphus the
Great, King of Sweden, concluded a
truce of six years with Sigisnnmd, King
of Poland, September 15, 1629. " As
usual Roe obtained great advantages
to English trade and commerce
through his negotiations on this em-
bassy. He also took advantage of this
occasion to endeavor the reconcilia-
tion of the Lutherans and Calvinists,
and to unite them all in conformity
with the Church of England." He
continued to try for many years to
make a peace between the Lutiieran
and Calvinist, and many letters of his
on this subject to Arcld)ishop Laud and
others are still preserved.
Sir Thomas Roe was brother-in-law
to John Tomlinson (the mayor of Bris-
tol in 1630), and aided both Cai)t.
Thomas James and Luke Fox in their
preparations for tlieir voyages to the
Northwest in 1630 and 1631. In June,
986
ROE— ROLFE
1631, lie was one of the special com-
mission for the better plantation of
Virginia. In 1637 he was interested
in a proposition for an f^nglish \N est
India Company. lie says "there was
no more advantageous way for making
war upon the King of Spain than in
the West Indies."
" May 5, 1638. Commission to Sir
Thomas Roe, Chancellor of the Order
of the Garter, to treat with the French
King, the Queen of Sweden and the
States of Belgium, for general peace,
and the restoration of the King of
England's nephews."
' ' January 30, 1639. Power for Sir
Thomas Roe, Chancellor of the Order
of the Garter, to conclude a treaty
with Christian IV., King of Den-
mark."
M. P. for Oxford University from
1640 to his death. In 1640 he made
a celebrated speech in Parliament,
which was printed in 1641, " Wherein
He sheweth the cause of the decay of
Coyne and Trade in this Land, espe-
cially of Merchants Trade. And also
propounded a way to the House, how
they may be increased." " In 1641
he was sent ambassador to the Em-
peror and the Princes of Germany to
be present at the Diet of Ratisbon,
and there to mediate on behalf of the
Prince Elector Palatine. The Em-
peror was so pleased with his conduct
and his great abilities that he several
times said in public : ' I have met
with many gallant persons of many
nations, but I scarce ever met with an
ambassador till now.' " " On his re-
tui'n from Germany he was made a
privy councilor, but lived not long to
enjoy the honor. He died Novem-
ber 6, 1644, and was buried (Novem-
ber 8) in the chancel of the Wood-
ford church. He was lord of the
manor of Woodford."
" During his embassy at Constan-
tinople he collected many valuable
Greek and Oriental manuscripts, which
he presented to the Bodleian Library,
to which he left his valuable collec-
tion of coins. The fine Alexandrian
MS. of the Greek Bible, which Cyrill,
the Patriarch of Constantinople pre-
sented to Charles I., was procured by
his means."
Tlio historian Carte, speaking of
his letters and papers, says, " I have
read them with great pleasure, and
cannot sufficiently adn)ire his rare
abilities, judgment, and integrity, his
extraordinary sagacity in discovering
the views and designs of those with
whom he treated, and his admirable
dexterity in guarding against their
measures and bringing them over to
his purpose. Wise, experienced, pene-
trating and knowing, he was never to
be surprised or deceived, and though
no minister ever had greater difficul-
ties to struggle with, or was employed
by a court that had less power to sup-
port him, yet he supported all his em-
ployments with dignitj', and came out
of them with reputation and honor.
In all the honest arts of negotiation
he had few equals (I dare say), no
superiors. His letters and papers are
a ti'easure that ought to be communi-
cated to the world."
Rogers, Edvrard, esquire. Of
Canningtoii, County Somerset ; M.
P. for Minehead, 1584-85 ; married
Katherine, daughter of Sir John Pop-
ham, chief justice of England ; M.
C. for Va., March 9, 1607 ; also a
member of the South Va. Co. He
died in 16-i7.
Rogers, Richard, gent., 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £75. Comptroller of
the king's mint ; N. W. P. Co., 1612.
He was living at the Visitation in 1633,
aged 84 years, but died soon after. A
benefactor of Edmonton.
Rolfe, Henry. Pd. £12 10s. Son
of John Rolfe and his wife, Dorothea
Mason, of Heacham Hall in Norfolk,
England, and brother of John Rolfe
of Virginia. He " brought up the
child his said brother had by Pow-
hatan's daughter." I believe this
Henry Rolfe to be the father of
Francis Rolfe, who was town clerk of
Lynn in 1622, and was buried in the
chapel of St. Nicholas in that town in
1678.
Rolfe, John. Eustacius Rolfe was
married to Joanna Jener in the parish
church at Heacham in Norfolk, Eng-
land, May 27, 1560. Their son, John
ROLFE — ROSCARROCKE
987
Ilolfe, was baptized there, October 17,
15(32. He married there, September
1I4, 1582, Dorothea Masou, and their
twin sons, Eustacius and Jolm, were
baptized there. May G, 1585. Eusta-
cius soon died ; his twin brother, John
Rolfe, married in England, possibly in
1608, and sailed for Virginia in June,
1609 ; was wrecked on the Bermudas,
and while there a daughter was born
to him; she was christened by the Rev.
Mr. Bucke, February 11, 1610, Cap-
tain Newport, William iStrachey, and
Mrs. Horton being sponsors ; the child
soon died. The parents reached Vir-
ginia in May, 1610, where the mother
died. In 1612 John Rolfe was the
first Englishman to introduce the cul-
tivation of tobacco in Virginia. He
was married about the .5th of April,
1614, in the church at Jamestown, to
Pocahontas, the daughter of Powhatan.
I suppose he was certainly married by
Mr. Buck, the minister at Jamestown,
and not by Mr. Whitaker, who was
the minister at Henrico. He was in
England with his Indian bride in 1616-
17, and while there, he sent a descrip-
tion of Virginia to King James and to
Sir Robert Rich. His wife died in
England, March 21, 1617, and he re-
turned to Virginia ; a member of the
council in Virginia in 1619 ; married,
thirdly, Jane, daughter of William
Pierce ; died in Virginia in 1622, leav-
ing a widow and children. His will,
dated March 10, 1621, was witnessed
by his old friend and pastor, the Rev.
Richard Buck, and others. (An ab-
stract of his will is given in the " New
England Historical and (ienealogical
Register," ,lanuary, 1881, p. 68.) His
widow afterwards married Capt.
Roger Smith, and his daughter Eliza-
beth (aged four years, born in Vir-
ginia), was living with Capt. Roger
Smith at James City, January 24, 1625.
Thomas Rolfe, the child of Pocahon-
tas, was then in England.
In January, 1625, Rolfe's father-in-
law, Capt. William Pierce, owned An-
gelo, a negro woman, one of the first
negroes brought to Virginia in the
Earl of Warwick's ship, the Treas-
urer, in August, 1610.
Romney, Sir Williain, haber-
dasher, 2. Sub. £75 ; pd. £170. Son
of William Romney of Tedbury in
Gloucestershire ; was a leading mer-
chant of London, a member of the
Haberdashers' Company, a Merchant
Adventurer, and sometime governor
of the Merchants Adventurers. Sep-
tember 22, 1599, he ventured £200 in
the intended voyage to the East Indies;
September 24, appointed one of the
treasurers for that voyage ; October
30, selected for one of the first direc-
tors of the proposed E. I. Co.; Decem-
ber 31, 1600, an incorporator and one
of the first directors of the E. I. Co. ;
January 9, 1601, chosen deputy-gov-
ernor of that company ; November 5,
1601, urged the E. I. Co. to send an
expedition to discover the Northwest
l)assage, either in conjunction with the
Mus. Co. or, if ])ossible, alone; Decem-
ber 22, 1601, the Mus. Co. consented
to join in the enterprise of which Rom-
ney wfis to be treasurer ; elected al-
derman of Portsoken ward, London,
December 18, 1602 ; elected one of
the sheriffs of London, KiOo; knighted
at Whitehall, July 26, 1603. In 1606
he was governor of the E. I. Co. ; M.
C. for Va., November 20, 1606 ; M.
C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609 ; one of
those who sent out Henry Hudson for
the Northwest in April, 1610. His
will was dated April 18. Died April
25, and was placed in his sepulchre.
May 24, 1611. He gave liberally to
the hospitals ; to forty poor scholars
in Cambridge he gave tiie sum of £20;
to the Haberdashers' Company he
gave £50 to be lent to a young free-
man gratis for two j'ears, etc.
He married Rebecca, only heir of
Robert Taylor, late alderman of Lon-
don, and had issue by her six sons and
two daughters.
(Col. Joseph Ball, who afterwards
came to Virginia, married, in England,
Miss I>lizabeth Romney, probably a
granddaughter of the above, and from
them descended the Travers, Daniels,
Conways, etc., of Virginia. ''The
mother of Washington" was Col. Jo-
sepli Ball's daughter bv a second mar-
riage.)
Roscarrocke (or Rosco-we), Wil-
liam, esquire, 3. Sub. ; pd. £37
10s.
98S
ROSIER — RUSSELL
Rosier, James. On the Gosiiold
voyage to our New England coast,
March to July, 1602, and on the Wey-
mouth voyage of March to July, 1605,
of which latter voyage he published
" A True Reporte " in 1605.
Rotheram, Edward, draper. Pd.
£25. He was elected alderman of
Bread Street ward, December 3,
1611 ; chosen sheriff, June 24, 1612.
Buried at St. Mary's Aldermar\', No-
vember 2, 1620.
Roydon, Captain Marmaduke.
This was evidently Capt. Marmaduke
Rawdon, son of Ralph Rawdon, of
Brandsby in Yorkshire ; baptized
there, ISIarch 20, 158 1 ; went to Lon-
don at the age of sixteen ; apprenticed
to Daniel Hall, a merchant, who sent
him as his factor to Boi-deanx ; re-
turned to London about 1610; elected
a common councilman ; free of the
company of Clothworkers ; captain of
the city militia ; treasurer for the
French merchants ; rigged out a ship
for the discovery of the Northwest
passage ; one of the first that planted
in Barbadoes, where he buried above
£10,000; a great adventurer to Spain,
France, the Canary Isles, and Turkey,
to the West Indies, and several other
parts of the world, etc. ; M. P. for
Alborough, 1628-29; defended Basing-
housein 1643 ; knighted December 28,
1643 ; died April 18, 1646. In 1611,
when he married Elizabeth, daughter
(of Thomas Thorowgood, of Hodsden,
Herts, gent., he was a clothworker of
AUhallows Barking, London.
Runmey. See Romney.
Russell, HdviTSLTd, Earl of Bed-
ford, 3. Sub. ; pd. £120. On
the death of his grandfather Francis,
second Earl (the godfather to Sir
Francis Drake), on the 28th of July,
1585, he succeeded as third earl. He
married Lucy Harrington at Stepney
on the 12th of December, 1594 ; as-
signed to Sir Edward Harwood four
shares in Virginia on the 9th of De-
cember, 1018 ; died May 1, 1627,
without issue.
Russell, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s. Came to Virginia in 1608.
Russell - Clifford, Margaret,
Countess of Cunii)erland, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Youngest daughter
of Francis, second Earl of Bedford.
She married, June 24, 1577, the cele-
brated George Clifford, seventeenth
Baron Clifford, and third Earl of
Cumberland. He died in 1605, and
she died in May, 1616, leaving an only
daughter, Anne, sole heir to the bar-
onies of Clifford, Westmoreland, and
Vesey. She married, first, Richard
Sackville, Earl of Dorset, and sec-
ondly, Philip Herbert, Earl of Pem-
broke and JMontgomery, and became
Countess of Dorset, Pembroke, and
Montgomery.
Russell, Dr. Walter. Came to
Virginia in 1607. Died prior to Sep-
tember, 1609.
Russell, "William, gent. Came to
Virginia in September,' 1608.
Russell, William, merchant, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. Son of Wil-
liam Russell, Esq., of Surrey ; was
" sometime agent for the Dutch ;" was
a member of the Rns. or Mus. Co., and
Avas with Sir ThOmas Smythe in Russia
in April, 1605. In 1606 he sent the
Godspeed and the Discovery to Cherry
Island, and these vessels, after their
return, went to Virginia with the first
expedition sent by the first Colony of
Virginia ; a member of the E. I. Co. ;
aided in sending Henry Hudson to the
Northwest in 1610, and was an incor-
porator and one of the first directors
of the N. W. p. Co., chartered July
26, 1612; knighted at Theobald's, April
29, 1618.
May 5, 1618, Chamberlain wrote to
Carleton, "Sir William Russell, the
Muscovy Merchant has bought the
Treasurership of the Navy from Sir
Robert Mansell, who is to be Vice-
Admiral." " May 10, 1618. Grant to
Sir William Russell of the Treasurer-
ship of ]\Iarine Causes for life." James
I. suggested him as a suitable person
for treasurer of the Va. Co., May 22,
1622. He continued treasurer of the
navy tuider James I. and Chai'les I. ; the
latter king made him a commissioner
of the navj"^ also, and created him a
baronet, January 19, 16i^9. One of the
commissioners " concerning tobacco,"
June 10, 1634 ; living, April 2, 1637,
SACKVILLE — SAINT JOHN
989
when lie wrote a letter to the atlmi-
nilty cuucerning Governor Harvey of
Yiigiuia. Tlie date of his death is not
known to me. Two of his grandchil-
dren married members of Lord Pro-
tector Cromwell's family.
Sackville, Edward, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . Born in 1590;
educated at Christ CInirch, Oxford,
1605-09 ; killed Lord Bruce in the
celebrated duel, September, 1G1I5 ;
made a Knig-ht of the Bath at the
creation of Charles, Prince of Wales,
November 3, 1616 ; commands troops
sent to the Elector Palatine, and fouglit
at Prague in 1620 ; M. P. for Sussex,
1621-2'2 ; sent on an embassy to France
in 1621 ; member of the Privy Coun-
cil ; member of the Southampton
party in the factions of the Va. Co ,
1622-24 ; governor of the B. I. Co. in
1623. When his brother Richard,
third Earl of Dorset, died (ALarch 28,
1624) he was at Florence in Italy,
from whence he returned through
France, the latter end of May, 1624,
and succeeded his brother as fourth
Earl of Dorset. He was on the com-
mission for the better plantation of
Virginia, June 27, 1G31, and on the
commission for plantations of April,
1634. His party were constantly
striving to reestablish the Va. Co. of
London, making special appeals to
King Charles for that purpose in 1625,
1631, 1638, and 1642 (see George
Sandys) ; but they were as constantly
met by petitions of the planters against
it. The Earl of Doi-set was a dis-
tinguished cavalier. He died at With-
iam, Sussex, July 27, 1652.
Sackvill, Richard, third Earl of
Dorset, 2. Sub. ; pd. £120.
Grandson of Thomas, first Earl of
Dorset; was born March -.8, 1589, in
the Chartreuse in London (now called
the Charterhouse) ; married, Febru-
ary 27, 1609, the very celebrated Lady
Anne, daughter and heir of George
Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, in her
mother's chambers, in Augustine-Fri-
ers house, in London, two days after
his father's decease, whom he suc-
ceeded as third Earl of Dorset. In
1611-12 he was traveling in France
and the Low Countries; May 15,1620,
he transferred to Mr. Henry Manwar-
ing ten shares of land in Virginia,
which it seems was all of his stock.
He died in (ireat Dorset-House, Lon-
don, March 28, 1624, and was buried,
April 7, with his ancestors in Withiam
Church in Sussex ; leaving no surviv-
ing male issue, he was succeeded by his
brother. Sir Edward, as fourth Earl of
Dorset.
Sackville, Thomas, first Earl of
Dorset. Born in Sussex, 1536 ; M. P.
about 1557 ; with Thomas Norton,
wrote the first regular English tragedy
in 1.562 ; imprisoned at Rome 1566 ;
knighted June 8, 1.167, and the same
day created Baron of Buckhurst; am-
bassador to Paris, 1570; to the Nether-
lands, 1587 ; Kniglit of the Garter, 1589;
Chancellor of Oxford University, 1589;
lord high treasurer, 1599 ; Earl of
Dorset by James I. in 1603 ; died at
Whitehall, April 19, 1608. He was
the grandfather of the foregoing Sir
Edward Sackville and Richard, third
Earl of Dorset.
Sad. Stephen. Pd. £12 10s.
Saint Albans, Viscount. — Fran-
cis Bacon.
Saint Aldegonde, Marnix de.
Philippe de Muruix, Baron of St. Al-
degonde ; born at Brussels, 1538 ; at-
tached to the Prince of Orange, 156.5 ;
attended Assembly of Dort, 1572 ;
plenipotentiary of republic at Diet of
Worms, 1577 ; in England for a time ;
defended Antwerp, 1584-85; died at
Leyden, 1598.
Saint John, Sir John, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £37 10s. Of Lydiard Tre-
gose. County Wilts, and of Battersea
and Wandsworth ; knighted at White-
hall, February 2, 1609; created a bar-
onet. May 11,'^1611; M. P. , Wilts,
in 1624-25 ; zealously attached to the
royal cause, and had three sons slain
fighting under the royal standard ;
ancestor of the Viscounts Bolingbroke.
His daughter, Anne St. John, married,
first, Sir Francis Henry Lee, baronet,
and, secondly, Henry \Viln>ot (son of
Sir Charles, whoui see), first Earl of
Rochester. She was grandaunt of the
celebrated statesman and author. Vis-
count Bolingbroke.
Saint John, Sir William, 2. Sub.
£75; pd. £50. " Of Heighley, in
the County of Glamorgan, Knight;"
knighted at Dublin Castle, December
21, 1607, by Sir Arthur Chichester, the
lord deputy of Ireland. He was "a
990
SAINT JOHN — SALTER
distinguished naval officer; " July 3,
1609, the Earl of Nottingham sent by
him to Salisbury " a letter of com-
mendations of the bearer, Sir William
St. John, who has taken Harris, the
pirate, on the Irish coast, and done
good service off the West Islands of
Scotland." February 6, 1610, John
Hopkins, alderman of Bristol, wrote
" to Lord Admiral Nottingham, that
Sir William St. John has taken a fly
boat of 100 tons."
M. C. for Va. Co., 1612. In 1616
Sir Walter Ralegh is said to have
paid Sir William St. John and Sir Ed-
ward Villiers the sum of £1,500 for
their influence in securing his release
from prison, and Sir William is said
to have afterwards proposed to effect
his pardon also, for the additional sum
of £1,500 ; " but, upon the counsels of
Lord Bacon, the ill-fated Ralegh re-
jected this overture " (but see Gar-
diner's " Hist, of England," ii. p. 381,
note 1) ; a member of the African Com-
pany in 1618. In 1620 Sir William
St. John and others sent out an exjje-
dition for the discovery of Senegam-
bia, on the coast of Africa, which
claimed to have passed 960 miles up
the River Gambia into the continent.
(See Humfrey Slany. )
Saint Leger Pedigree. (Ex-
tract.) Sir Warham ^ St. Leger, chief
governor of Munster, 1.565 ; knight
marshal of Munster, 1579; killed by
Hugh Maguire, Lord Fermanagh,
1599 ; married, first, L^^rsula, d<aughter
of George Neville, Earl of Abergav-
enny, and had by her, with other issue,
Anne,^ and Anthony." Anne ^ St.
Leger married Thomas Digges of Bar-
ham, by whom she was the mother of
Sir Dudley Digges (whom see) and
others. Anthony - St. Leger, of Ul-
combe, married Mary, daughter of Sir
Thomas Scott (see Scott pedigree), by
whom he was the father of Sir War-
ham St. Leger (whom see) and others.
Mrs. Mary Scott-St. Leger married,
secondly, Alexander Culpcper, of Wig-
sell, Sussex.
Saint Leger (Sentleger, Sellen-
ger), Sir Warham, 3. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Ulconibe, Coiinty Kent;
an officer in Ralegh's expi^dition to
Guiana, in 1617—18; was, on his return,
one of the witnesses against Ralegli.
He married Mary, daughter of Sir
Rowland Hay ward (whom see). His
daughter, Ursula St. Leger, a cousin to
Sir Dudley Digges, married Rev. Dan-
iel Horsmanden, rector of Ulcombe,
Kent. Their son, Col. Warham Hors-
manden, of Purleigh in Essex, went to
Virginia, and was the father of Mary,
the wife of the first Col. William Byrd,
from whom the Byrds of Virginia de-
scend. I believe that Jane Hors-
manden, who granted the benefice of
Piu'leigh in Essex to the Rev. Law-
rence Washington in March, 1633, was
the widow of Rev. Thomas Horsman-
den, the brother, I think, of Rev. Dan-
iel aforesaid. But however this may
be, there is certainly a very interesting
parallel in the lives of Rev. Daniel
Horsmanden and Rev. Lawrence
Washington ; both were royalists, both
were removed by Parliament in 1643,
both died about 1654, and the sons of
both went to Virginia in the cavalier
emigration of 1649-58. The advowson
of the rectory of Purleigh was granted
to Sir Henry Fowke and his heirs, May
6, 1610. I suppose that Gerard Fowke
who came to Va. aboiit the same time
as the Washingtons, and settled near
them, was of the same family as Sir
Henry.
Col. ^^'arham Horsmanden returned
to Purleigh after the Restoration ; but
his descendants still flourish in Amer-
ica. John and Lawrence Washington
remained ; and John's great-grandson
was " the father of his country." (See
"The Ancestry of Washington," by
Henry F. Waters, A. M., Boston,
1889.) Sir Warham St. Leger and his
wife, Mary Hay ward, left " numerous
issue," but I have the names of only
three : 1. Lrsula, born 1600 ; died
1672 ; married Rev. Daniel Horsman-
den. 2. John, born 1606 ; married,
1632, Rebecca, daughter of Rev. Rich-
ard Horsmanden, " late of Ulchum,
deceased." 3. Mary, born 1613 ; mar-
ried, 1632, William Codd of Pelicans in
Kent, esquire. Dame Mary St. Leger
was living at Lenham, Kent, in No-
vember, 1().32 ; her husband, Sir War-
ham, was then dead.
Salinas, Marques de. " President
of the Indies." Had been viceroy of
Peru.
Salisbury, Earl of. — Robert and
William Cecil.
Salter, Edward, esquire, 3. Sub.
SIR WILLIAM WAAD
SALTER — SAXDYS
991
; \n\. . Kuighted at Ampt
Hall, July 21, 1G21. l-irst cousin to
Sir Nicholas Salter (next).
Salter, Nicholas, clothworker, 2.
Sub. £37 106.; pd £137 lUs. Of
Eiitielcl in MiiUllebcx; also of the E. I.
ajid N. W. P. couipauies. A leading
merchant of London ; one of the
prime farmers of the customs, etc.;
knijrhted at Whitehall, March 12,
1017. His daughter Anne was second
wife to Sir Arthur Harris.
Saltonstall, Sir Samuel, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of London; knighted
at Whitehall, July 23, 1G03 ; collector
of the customs ; March 4, 1G18, a bill
of adventure was granted him for
three shares in the Va. Co. of London.
He befriended Capt. John Smith, and
is mentioned in Smith's will.
Sanibache, William, 2. Sub.
; pd. £10. Ciime to Virginia in
1608.
Samms, George, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Tolshunt Major
in Com. Essex.
Samms, Sir John, 3. Sub. £150;
pd. £oO. Son of Jolm Samms, Esq.,
of Lanckford Hall, Essex, by the
daughter of Bartholomew Averell ;
knighted at Dublin by the Earl of
Essex in August, 1599 ; M. P. for
Maiden in Essex, 1610-11 ; M. C. for
Va. Co., 1612 ; an incorporator of the
N. W. P. Co. in 1612 ; M. P. for Mai-
den in Essex in 1014. Chamberlain
wrote to Carleton, October 14, 1620 :
" Sir John Samms is stept aside and
gone for Bohemia, as is pretended,
being overladen and ready to sink
under the burthen of his debts."
Married, in 1595, Isabella, daughter
of Alderman Sir John Garrard of
London ; died in Flanders, where he
was governor of Isondike, leaving an
only son, Sir Gerard Samms, who mar-
ried Ursula, daughter of Gawen Cham-
pernowne, Esq., and widow of Auditor
Saxsey.
Sanderson, William. Married
Margaret, daughter of Hugh Snedale,
of Hilling in Cornwall, esquire, by his
wife, Mary Ralegh, a half-sister to Sir
Walter Ralegh. He was interested in
the Amidas voyage of 1584 ; in the
voyages of John Davys to the North-
west, June to September, 1585, May
to October, 1586, and May to Septem-
ber, 1587. One of those to whom
Ralegh granted an indenture for colo-
nization, March 7, 1589. He was " the
worshipful merchant " whose purse
supported Mr. Emmeric Mollineux of
Lambeth, while he was making his
glol)fH and maj)s, 1.592-98.
Sandy, Robert, grocer. " Alex-
ander Napier (called for distinction
Sandy), son of Sir Alexander Napier,
and brotlier of Sir Archibald, came
into England temp. Henry Vlll., and
settled at Exeter." His second sou,
Robert Sandy, of whom I write, be-
came a grocer of London in St. Martin
Outwich parish. He was knighted, July
21, 1612, as "Sir Robert Saudie, alias
Napper," and created a baronet No-
vember 25 following. He was of the
I']. L and N. W. P. companies. Died
in .Vpril, 1037.
Sandys Pedigree (E.vtract.)
'• The Rev. Edwin ^ Sandys, ' one of the
first who conformed to the Protestant
Religion,' was born in Lancashire in
1519 ; educated at Cambridge ; sup-
ported the claims of Lady Jane Grey
to the crown ; refused to proclaim
Queen Mary, and was imprisoned July
25, 1553; liberated and escaped to the
continent in May, 1554 ; returned to
England on the succession of Queen
Elizabeth in 1558 ; made Bishop of
Worcester, December 21, 1559 ; as-
sisted in new translation of the Bible,
1565; Bishop of London, 1570; Arch-
bish(jp of York in 1577; died at South-
well, July 10, 1588. By his first wife,
Miss Sandys, a relative, it seems, he had
no issue. He married, secondly, about
1559, Cicely, the sister to Sir Thomas
Wilford (of the same family as the
grandmother of Sir Dudley Digges),
and by her had seven sons and two
daughters. Before a great Bible,
printed by Rieliard Jugge, Queen's
printer, 1574, in the Archbishop's own
hand, are the names and birthdays of
his children, which he had by his said
wife Cicely, and were all living Octo-
ber 1, 1576, viz. : —
1. "i. Samuel ^ Sandes was born on
December 28, at three of the clock in
the morning in the year of our Lord
God, 1560. His godfathers, Clement
Throckmorton, Esq., John Redder,
Dean of Worcester ; his godmother,
Mrs. Anne Berrow.
2. " ii. Edwin ^ Sandes was born [in
Worcestershire] on December 9, at
992
SANDYS
six of the clock in the. morning, in the
year of our Lord God, 15t>l. His god-
fathers, Sir Thomas Russel, Knt.,
Thomas Blount, Esq.; liis godmother:
Mrs. Margaret Sheldon, widow.
" iii. Miles ^ Saudes was born on
March £9, at twelve of the clock in
the morning, in the year of our Lord
God, 15o3. His godfathers. Miles
Sandes, Esq., Thomas Fleet, Esq.; his
godmother, Mrs. Pedder.
" iv. William -^ Sandes was born on
September 13, at four of the clock in
the afternoon, in the year of our Lord
1565. His godfathers, William Ligon,
John Littleton, Esq.; his godmother,
Mrs. Joan Perry.
" V. Margaret '^ Sandes was born on
December 22, at three of the clock in
the afternoon, in the year of our Lord
God, 1566. Her godfather, John Fol-
liot, Esq. ; her godnaothers, Lady Mar-
garet Russell, Mrs. Anne Daston. [She
married Anthony Aucher, Esq.]
3. " vi. Thomas '^ Sandes was born on
December 3, at three of the clock in
the afternoon in 1568. His godfath-
ers: Sir Thomas Lucy, Knt., Walter
Blount, Esq.; his godmother, Mrs.
Elizabeth Packington. [Sir Thomas
Lucy is Shakespeare's "Mr. Justice
Shallow."]
" vii. Anne '^ Sandes was born on June
21, at eight of the clock in the morn-
ing, 1570. Her godfather, John Pack-
ington, Esq. ; her godmothers, Mrs.
Anne W^ashbourne, Mrs. Anne Colles.
[She married William Barnes, Esq.]
4. " viii. Henry '■^ Sandes was born the
last day of September, between eight
and nine of the clock at night in 1572.
His godfathers, Henry, Earl of Hunt-
ingdon, William Lord Sandes; his god-
mother. Lady Margaret Tailboies. Ila
est Edivhius, London.
5. " ix. George - Sandes, born the sec-
ond day of March at six of the clock
in the morning in 1577 \_L e., 1578, N.
S ]. His godfathers, George Clifford,
Earl of Cumberland, William Lord
Ewer ; his godmother, Catharine,
Countess of Huntingdon."
Sandys, Sir Edwin, 2. Sub. £75 ;
pd. £287 lUs. (See pedigree, 2.)
Born December 9, 1561 ; admitted a
scholar of Corpus Christi College in
Oxford un(Jer the tuition of Richard
Hooker in September, 1577 ; B. A.,
October 16, 1579 ; probationer fellow
of that college, January 23, 1580 ;
collated to the prebend of Wetwang
iu the Cathedral of York, March 17,
1582 ; M. A., June 5, 1583. An Edwin
Sandys (either his first cousin of that
name, or himself) was M. P. for An-
dover, 1586, and for Plympton in
1588-89 and 1592-93. He afterwards
traveled into foreign countries with
his old friend and college-mate, George
Cranmer (grandnephew of the great
archbishop.) George Cranmer was
killed in Ireland in 1600. His broth-
er, William Cranmer, deputy-governor
of the Hamburgh Company at Rotter-
dam, joined the Va. Co. some time
after 1616.
While Sandys was at Paris in 1599,
he drew up a tract, which was after-
wards published under the title of
" Europse Speculum." Returned to
England, 1599 ; resigned his prebend.
May, 1602 ; entered the service of
King James in Scotland, it seems, and
came to England with him, by whom
he was knighted at the Charterhouse,
May 11, 1603, "and was afterwards
employed by his majesty in several
affairs of great trust and importance."
M. P. for Stockbridge, 1604-11 ; at
the head of the committee for inves-
tigating the complaints against the
trading companies, April, 1604. His
tract " Europie Speculum, A Relation
of the State of Religion ... in the
Severall States of these Western
Parts of the World" was entered for
publication at Stationers' Hall, June
21, 1605, and on November 2, 1605,
"Sir Edwin Sandys's books were
burned in Paul's Church Yard by order
of the High Commission." M. C. for
Va., March 9, 1607. " Jidy 3, 1007, on
the motion of Sir Edwin Sandys, a
member of great authoritj', the House
of Commons entered for the first time
an order for the regular keeping of
their journals." M. C. for Va. Co.,
May 23, 1609.
Hume says : " At that time men of
genius and enlarged minds had adopted
the principles of liberty which were,
as yet, pretty much unknown to the
generality of the people. Sir Mat-
thew Hales has published a remon-
strance against the king's conduct
towards the Parliament during this
session [1604^11]. The remonstrance
is drawn with srreat force of reason-
SANDYS
993
ing and spirit of liberty, and was the
prodiiL'tiou of Sir Francis Bacon and Sir
Edsvin Sanilys, two men of the greatest
parts and knowledge in England."
The king granted him the Manor
of Northbourne and otheivs in Kent,
March 12, IGU. M. P. for Rochester,
1014 ; of the E. I. Co. prior to 1614.
" Dr. Goulston, at the re(|uest of Sir
Edwin Sandys, whose life he had
saved," was admitted gratis into the
E. I. Co., Angiist 4, lOil. Of the S.
I. Co., June 29, 1(315, and Sandys
Tribe in that island was named for
him. " In regard of Sir Thomas
Smythe's sicknes and otlier imploy-
ments, Sir Edwin was chosen as his
Assistant in the management of the
affairs of the Va. Co., and he did in
a manner wholie supplie Smythe's
place " from early in 1G17 to April
28, 1619. During this time the Puri-
tans of Leyden, about September,
1617, sent two messengers to consult
him regarding the settlement in Vir-
ginia of the members of that church.
" They found the Va. Co. in general
well disposed thereto, and gained an
active friend in Sir Edwin Sandys,
whose brother, Sir Samuel Sandys, the
lessee of Scrooby Manor, was a firm
advocate of toleration " (see " Narra-
tive and Critical History of America,"
vol. iii. pp. 264, 265). He succeeded
Sir Thomas Smythe (whom see) as
treasurer of the Va. Co., April 28,
1619, and was himself succeeded in
that office bv the Earl of Southamp-
ton, June 28," 1620. Late in 1620 Sir
Edwin Sandys was chosen to represent
Sandwich in the Parliament of 1621-
22, after a " tumultuous election."
This borough had been represented by
Sir Thomas Smythe, and Sandys made
the E. I. Co. an issue in the canvass ;
he told the voters that " the East
Indies Company was a pernicious mat-
ter to them and to the whole kingdom,
and that he was against it." The
Parliament met January 30, 16_^, and
Sir Edwin took a noted part in its
celebrated acts. He had drafted two
of the former Virginia charters, and
on February 22, 162 'J, he notified the
company that he was preparing a new
patent, making some changes. It
seems that Johu Selden was his coun-
sel in preparing this patent. The Va.
Co. gave him twenty shares in Vir-
ginia, May 2, 1621. June 16, 1621,
Selden and himself were committed
to the custody of the sheriit's of Lon-
don, and not released until the 18th of
July following. This happened during
a recess ; and when the House of Com-
mons assembled again in November,
1621, many were indignant at the con-
finement of the members ; but Pym
and tlie other committeemen were told
that " neither Sandys uor Selden had
been imprisoned for any Pailiament
matter." Peckard's Ferrar says that
"the matter was the Virginia busi-
ness." Wodenoth, in his " Short Col-
lection," says, " In the conclusion of
a broken Parliament by King James,
both the Earl of Southampton and Sir
Edwin Sandys were committed close
prisoners upon private assumed sug-
gestions, which struck some terrour
into most undertakers for Virginia."
In "a note which Sir Nathaniel Rich
presently took of Capt. Bargrave's
discourse concerning Sir E. Sandys."
" The purport is that Sandys was op-
posed to monarchical government in
general : had moved the Archbishop
of Canterbury to give leave to the
Brownists and Separatists to go to
Virginia, and designed to make a free
popular state there, and himself and
his assured friends to be leaders."
These matters, whatever they were,
were kept strictly private, and there-
fore but little is really known about
them ; but it seems from the proposed
new charter of February, the impris-
onment of June, and from these pas-
sages, that something was in the air.
Were " speculative reasoners, already
beginning to foretell that these remote
colonies, after draining their mother-
country of inhabitants, would shake
off her yoke ? " Was the seed of our
Revolution planted with the colonies ?
The discussion of the factions in the
Va. Co. would be too long for these
biographies ; but as the matter cannot
be entirely overlooked, I shall say
something of tlicse troubles in the
sketch of Sir Thomas Smythe.
The election for members of Parlia^
nient, held in Kent in Januar\', 1624,
was another " tunudtuous election."
Sandys defeated Sir Dudley Digges.
The cry of his party was " that Sir
Nicholas Tufton was a papist, and
Digges a royalist, and it was thought
994
SANDYS
this would incense the king more to-
ward Sandys than ever." He was M.
P. for Kent, February, 1G24, to March,
1625. Coke and Sandys laid the
charges against Middlesex before the
Peers, April 15, 1Gl4. The Virginia
charter was declared void June 16,
1624. M. P. for Penryn, 1625 and
1626. He died in October, 1629, and
was interred in the church of North-
bourne in Kent, " where he had a seat
and estate granted to him by King
James for some service which he had
done his majesty upon his accession to
the crown of England." He be-
queathed £1,500 to the University of
Oxford for the endowment of a meta-
physical lecture. He married four
times : first, to Margaret, daughter of
John Eveleigh, Esq., of Devonshire
(issue, a daughter) ; secondly, to Anne
Southcott (issue, a daughter); thirdly,
to Elizabeth Nevinson (no issue) ;
fourthly, to Catharine, daughter of
Sir Richard Bulkeley, and by her (who
died in 1640) had, with other issue,
five sons, all of whom, save one, ad-
hered to the Parliament interest dur-
ing the civil wars. (See the sketches
of his sons, Edwin, Henry, and Rich-
ard, in this Dictionary.)
c^
wvyn ^Ktn^:^
-^-^w/
Sandys, Edwin, son of Sir Edwin,
3. Sub. ; pd. . Of North-
bourne Court in Kent ; was a colonel
in the Parliament's army ; received a
mortal wound at the battle of Worces-
ter, and died in 1642. He married
Catherine, daughter of Richard
Champneys, Esq., of Hall Place, Kent,
and his daughter, Catherine Sandys,
married, in 1677, Thomas Bland, son
of John Bland (whom sec), and elder
brother to Col. Theodorick Bland of
Virginia.
Sandys, George, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. . Probably the Sir
George Sandys, who was hanged at
Wapping in March, 1618, for taking
purses on the highway, having been
formerly pardoned for like offenses.
In August, 1616, lie (with others) had
been convicted for highway robberies
at Kensington, of twelve or thirteen
persons in an evening. A real " knight
of the road."
Sandys, George, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Youngest son of
the Archbishop (see pedigree, 5) ; en-
tered Oxford University, 1589 ; trav-
eled through parts of Europe, Asia,
and Afi'ica, May, 1610, to the autumn
of 1611 ; joined the Va. Co. ; pub-
lished the account of his travels, dedi-
cated to Prince Charles, 1615, and
lived to see sever.al editions issue from
the press ; a candidate for governor
of the Bermudas, but was defeated by
Capt. Nathaniel Butler, 1619, after
which he assigned his two shares in
those islands to others. January 29,
1621, he transferred two shares in
Virginia to Sir Francis Weyneman.
He had published a first edition of the
first five books of Ovid some time
prior to 1621 ; in that year a second
edition was issued. In April, 1621,
he was chosen treasurer of the colony
in Virginia, and afterwards appointed
to be of the council there. He arrived
in Virginia in the fall of 1621, and
remained (possibly not continuously)
until 1628, and probably after. After
the dissolution of the Va. Co., he was
appointed to the Council in Virginia
by James I. on August 26, 1624, and
by Charles I on March 4, 1626, and
March 22, 161.8. King Charles granted
him special license to publish his trans-
lation into English verse of the fifteen
books of Ovid's " Metamorphoses,"
" the better to encourage him and oth-
ers to employ their labors and studies
in good literature," on April 24, 1626.
The first edition of these fifteen books
(the first five books having been twice
printed), dedicated to King Charles,
appeared in 16:16, and was followed by
other editions in 1627, 1632, 1640, etc.
On the special commission for the
better plantation of Virginia, June 27,
1631, and " having spent the ripest of
his years in the public employment in
Virginia," understanding that his maj-
esty resolved to govern Virginia by a
commission, he petitioned for the ap-
pointment of secretary to the commis-
sion. The date of this petition is un-
certain ; but Mr. Sainsbury assigns it
to " 1631 ? ".
King Charles granted him a special
license to print and sell his pai-aphrase
SANDYS
995
of the Psalms of David and other
hymns dispersed through the Old and
New Testaments, on December 4,
1635. Published " At the Hell in St.
Panl's Churchyard, IGoli. Cum Priv-
ilegio Kegite Majestatis." Dedicated
to the king and queen ; with a com-
plimentary poem, prehxed from Lu-
cius Cary, Viscount Falkland, " To
my Noble Frend, Mr. Geoi-ge Sandys,
upon his excellent Paraphrase of the
Psalms." Under the different title
of " A Paraphrase upon the Divine
Poems," a second edition, with addi-
tions, was issued in 1(338, and a third
edition in 10 i8
" Christs Passion [by Grotins]. A
Tragedy. With Annotations. By
George Sandys. London, printed . . .
1G40."
" A Paraphrase upon the Song of
Solomon. Written by G[eorge].
S[andvs]. and Dedicated to the
Queen'es ]\Lijesty. Oxford, 1611."
Ditto; "London, Printed by John Le-
gatt, 1641." Ditto; " London, printed
for H. S. and W. L., 1642."
After his return from Virginia he
was appointed a gentleman of the
king's privy chamber ; but I do not
know the date of his return. In 1638
there was another determined effort
made to rec'stablisli the old Virginia
Company, and when this became known
in Virginia, the Assembly there, ia
1639, appointed George Sandys their
agent in England, with particular in-
structions to oppose the reestablish-
ment of the company and to give the
Assembly in Virginia the earliest in-
telligence of their machinations, etc.;
but whether he was sent from Vir-
ginia at this time for this purpose, or
whether he, being already in England,
was so selected, I do not know. How-
ever, he mistook "his advice and in-
structions from the said Assembly,"
and presented a petition to the House
of Commons, in the name of the .\d-
venturers and Planters in Virginia,
for restoring the letters patent to the
company. When tlie Assembly hearrl
of this, on April 1, 1642, they met and
passed a solemn declaration against
the company, etc. (See " Va. Hist.
Register," vol. i. No. IV. pp. 153-
161; Hening's " Va. Statutes at
Large," vol. i'. pp. 230-236.) On July
5, 1642, the king answered this decla-
ration, giving every assurance to the
colony against the company. Sandys
died in the beginning of March, 1644,
at Bexley Abbey in Kent, the .-^eat of
his niece, the widow of Governor
Wyatt of Virginia, and was interred
in the chancel of the church of Bex-
ley, Marcii 7, 164-1.
Sandys, Henry, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. The sixth son of the
archbishop (see pedigree, 4).
Sandys, Henry, son of Sir Edwin,
3. Sub. ; pd. . March 7,
1623, Sir Edwin Sandys transferred
to Mr. Henry Sandys, his son, five
shares in the A'irginia entei'prise.
Sandys, Richard, esquire, 2. Sub,
; pd. . Son of Sir Edwin;
he jiurchased Downehall in Kent ;
was deputy governor of the B. I. Co.
in 1647 ; was a colonel in the Par-
liament's army. He married Hes-
ter, daughter of Edwin Aucher, sec-
ond son of Anthony Auclier, Esq., of
Bourne,
Sandys, Sir Samuel, 2. Sub. £37
10s,; pd. £87 10. Eldest son of the
archbishop (see pedigree, 1); born De-
cember 28, 1560; inherited from his
father the manor of Ombersley, in the
countv of Worcester; M, P. for Ripon,
1586-87; knighted at Whitehall, July
23, 1603 ; ]\I. P. for Worcestershire,
1609-1611; M. C. for A^a. Co., 1612;
member S. I. Co., 1615 ; sheriff of
Worcestershire in 1618, and M. P.
for that county in 1614, and 1621-22;
in the latter Parliament lie was in-
volved in the same troubles as his
brother. Sir Edwin. In May, 1622,
he gave his son. Sir Edwin, a share of
land in Virginia. March 30, 1623, his
brother George wrote him a long let-
ter from Virginia. He died August
18, 1623, and lies buried at Wickham-
ford, on the north side of the chancel,
under a monument of alabaster, sup-
ported by five pillars of tonchstone.
He married, about l.~)8(), Mercy,
daugiiter of Martin Culpeper, Esq.,
and had issue four sons and seven
daughters; one of the daughters mar-
ried Sir Francis ^V'yatt, sometime gov-
ernor of Virginia, and anotiier married
(so it is said) Sir Ferdinando Wenman,
who died in Virginia. Sir Edwin, the
eldest son, who was afterwards of the
Va. Co., was the father of Samuel
Sandys, Esq., who married Elizabeth,
996
SANDYS — SCOTT
daughter of Sir John Packington, and
widow of Col. Henry Washington, the
first cousin to John, the emigrant an-
cestor of Gen. George Washington.
Sandys, Thomas, esquire, 2. Suh.
; pd. £25. Fifth sou of the
archbishop (see pedigree, 3). He
was of London, where he was still liv-
ing at the Herald's Visitation of 1633—
34, when he recorded his pedigree.
He married " Margaret, daughter of
Robert Tyas of the Wardrob Clarke
Comptroller there." His eldest son,
Robert Sandys, married Alice, daugh-
ter of Mr. Lawrence Washington of
Sulgrave, and aunt to Col. John
Washington, the emigrant ancestor of
Genei'al George.
It is very interesting to note this
relationshij) between the Washingtons
and the son of " Mr. Justice Shal-
low's " godson.
Sarmiento. See Gondomar.
Savage, Thomas. Born about
1594; arrived in Virginia January 2,
1608, and was soon after exchanged
with Powhatan for Namontack ; re-
mained with the Indians about three
years ; with Hamor as interpreter in
May, 1614. He traded with the In-
dians and was long an interpreter for
the colony. In 1620 he sent a rela-
tion to the Va. Co. of a great trade
in furs by Frenchmen to the north-
ward. In 1625 he was living on his
" divident " on the Eastern Shore of
Virginia with his wife Ann and two
servants. The date of his death is
not known to me. The Indians called
him " Thomas Newport." At April
court, 1668, Northam^iton County,
Va., " the deposition of William Jones,
aged 59, sayeth that being at Colonel
Robins, deceased about four or five and
tliirty years since (when Laughing
King came annually to visit said
Robins in the spring), was desired by
Colonel Robins to ask the said King,
whose land such a neck of land was ?
and the King replied that he had
given the south side of Wessaponson
to bis son, Thomas Newport." Savage
evidently lived in favor with the In-
dians, being called sou botli by Pow-
hatan and the Laughing King. He
left two sons: Thomas, who was alive
in 1652, but seems to have died with-
out issue, and a younger son, John
Savage (a Burgess in 1666, died in
1678), who married, first, Ann Elking-
ton, and had by her two daughters:
Susanna (married fii'st to John Ken-
dall and secondly to Henry Warren)
and Grace (married George Corbin).
John Savage married, secondly, Mary
Robins, by whom three sons and two
daughters. Nathaniel Littleton Sav-
age of the revolutionary conventions
was a descendant of " Ancient Thomas
Savage."
Scarpe, John, gent., 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Went to Virginia; was
lieutenant of Jamestown in 1614.
Scott Pedigree. (Extract.) Sir
Reginald i Scott of Scot's Hall,
Kent; captain of the. castles of Calais
and Sangatte ; high sherifi^ of Kent,
1541-42 ; was principally engaged
abroad in military service ; died De-
cember 16, 1554. He married, first,
Emmeline, daughter of Sir William
Kempe, of Ollantigh, Kent and had by
her Sir Thomas ^ (see hereafter), and
two daughters. He married, secondly
Mary, daughter to Sir Bryan Tuke, of
Layer Marney in Essex, secretary to
Cardinal Wolsey, and had by her
Mary, who married Richard Argall
(see Argall pedigree), and three other
daughters, and Charles '^ and four
other sons. Charles '^ was of I]gerton
in Godinersham ; he married Jane,
daughter of Sir Thomas Wyatt, of
Allington Castle, Kent (minister tevip.
Henry VIII. ; beheaded, second Mary),
bj' Jane, daughter of Sir William
Hawte, of Kent. Mrs. Jane Scott
was sister to George Wyatt of Bexley
(see Sir Moyle Finch).
Sir Thomas ^ Scott, eldest son of
Sir Reginald, was a distinguished man;
sheriff of Kent, 1576 ; knight of the
shire in Parliaments of 1571 and 1586;
commander-in-chief of the Kentish
forces assembled on North bourne
Downs in 1588, to repeal the threat-
ened S])anish invasion ; died Decem-
ber 30, 1594. He married, first, Eliz-
abeth, daugliter of Sir John Baker, by
whom he had a very large family; ac-
cording to some accounts, 17 children.
It will only be necessary to mention a
few of them.
1. Thomas Scott, eldest son, mar-
ried, first, Mary KnatchbuU; secondly,
Elizabeth Honywood.
2. Sir John Scott, of Nettlested,
second son.
SCOTT
997
3. Richard Scott, who mariiecl
Catherine, daughter of Sir Rowland
Hay ward.
4. Elizabeth Scott, married, first,
John Knatchbull; secondly, Sir Rich-
ard Sniythe.
5. Euieline Scott, married Robert
Edolpe.
G. Mary Scott, married, first, An-
thony St. Leger (see Sir Warham
St. Leger), and, secondly, Alexander
Culpeper, of Wigsell.
7. Anthony Scott, who may be En-
sign Anthony Scott.
Sir John Baker (the father of
Elizabeth, who married, Sir Thomas ^
Scott) was the speaker of the first
Parliament of Edward VI. (1547-
loo2), which was the fii-st thoroughly
Protestant Parliament. His second
son, John Baker, married Catherine
Scott (the sister of Sir Thomas Scott,
aforesaid), and they were the parent
of Sir Richard Baker, the chronicler.
Scott, Anthony. Ensign; possi-
bly son of Sir Thomas (see pedigree, 7).
Scott, Edmund, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Fifth sou of Thomas Scot,
of Sevenock, by his wife Margery,
daughter of Thomas Clerke, of Ford,
County Kent ; was in the East In-
dies, February 2, 1603, to October G,
1605, aud in 1606 published an ac-
count of what he saw there; of the E.
I. and X. W. P. companies.
Scott, Elizabeth, widow, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. . Widow of Thomas
Scott, gent, (whom see) ; lived at
Bene in Xewington, near Hythe, aud
died there, without issue, aged 60, in
1627 ; and was buried in Brabourue
Church where her tomb remains.
Scott, George, of London, grocer.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £125. Of St. Mary
Woolchurch; fourth sou of Thomas of
Sevenock, aud brother of Edmund.
He married, in 1602, Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Campbell, lord
mavor, and sister of Sir James Camp-
bell; was of the E. I. and X. W. P.
companies. In 1616 he gave to St.
Mary Woolchurch Haw " the clock
to strike on the great bell, and with
two dyales, one towards the streate,
the other within the church." He
was elected M. C. for Va. Co. in
June, 1623.
Scott, Sir John, 2. Sub. £75;
pd. . (See Scott pedigree, 2.) Of
Xettlested Place, Kent, second son of
Sir Thomas Scott, kuiglit, of .Scot's
Hall, by his first wife, Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir John Baker (attor-
ney-general to Henry VUL), and
heir of liis elder brother, 'J houias
Scott, gent. He was knighted in the
Low Countries in 1588 by Lord W il-
longhby, under whom he served as
captain of a band of lancei's; captain
in the voyage to the Azores in 1507;
implicated in the rising of Essex,
1601; M. P. for Kent, 1604-11; M. C.
for Va., March 0, 1607; M. C. for Va.
Co., May 23, 1609.
In 1609 Decker dedicated the
Phoenix to Sarah, wife of Sir Thomas
Smith, and to Catharine, wife to Sir
John Scott, signing himself " Hum-
bly devoted to your Ladvships, Tiios
Dekker." M. P. Maidstone, 1614.
Sir John Scott died September 24,
1616, and was buried in Brabourue
Church, Kent. He was twice mar-
ried, but died without issue. His first
wife was Elizabeth, widow of Sir Wil-
liam Drury, aud daughter of Sir Wil-
liam Stafford by his wife. Lady Doro-
thy, who was the daughter of Henry
Lord Stafford, only son of Edward,
last Duke of Buckingham of that line,
who was beheaded in 1521. Lady
Elizabeth Stafford, born iu 1544, was
lady of the bedchamber to Queen
Elizabeth; by h^r first husband she
was mother of Sir Robert, Sir Drue,
aud William Drury, and four daugh-
ters; by her second husband, whom she
married about 1578, she left no issue;
she died February 6, 1598, and Sir John
Scott married, second!}', prior to Sep-
tember 17, 1599, Catharine, daughter
of ]Mr. Customer Smythe, and widow
of Sir Rowland Hayward. She sur-
vived Sir John about six months, and
died early iu 1617, aged fifty-six.
Scott, Thomas, gent., 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £-50. Eldest son of Sir
Thomas Scott (see pedigree, 1); cap-
tain of a troop of lancers in the Kent-
ish forces in 1.588 and 1589; sheriff' of
Kent, 43 Elizabeth ; a commissioner
for the survey- of crown lands in Kent,
1608 ; died prior to 1611 ; heir, his
brother. Sir John (aforesaid). His
widow, Elizabeth (whom see), was
daughter of Thomas Honywood, of
Sene, by his wife, Margaret Beding^
field, of Bellaview, Kent.
998
SCRIVENER — SEYMOUR
Scrivener, Matthew, 2. Sub.
; pd. £100. Arrived in Virginia
with Newport in January, 1608 ; a
member of the Coiuieil in Virginia ; in
the ex2)edition up York River in Feb-
ruary, 1608 ; possibly acting president
of the council, July to September,
1608, and in January, 1609, at which
time he was drowned in James River.
(He must have been a man of means,
as he contributed a sum about equal to
$2,500 of our money to the enterprise.
The Rev. Richard Hakluyt mentions
in his will, " Mr. John Scrivener, late
of Barbican in the suburbs of the
cittie of London." Scrivener is not a
very common family name, and 1 in-
fer that the aforesaid Matthew and
John were members of the same fam-
ily, and that they were probably related
to the Rev. Richard Hakluyt.)
Scudamore, Sir James, 3. Sub.
£37; pd. . Of Holme Lacy,
Hereford ; son of Sir John Scuda-
more, the " Sir Scudamore " of Spen-
ser's " Faerie Queene ; " M. P. for
County Hereford, 1604-11 and 1614;
probably died soon after ; married, in
1599, Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas
Throckmorton, and widow of Sir
Thomas Baskerville (see Throckmor-
ton pedigree), by whom he was the
father of Sir John Scudamore.
Scudamore, Sir John. Sub. ;
pd. . Son of Sir James, afore-
said ; created a baronet June 1, 161^0 ;
M. P. County Hereford, 1621-22 and
1624-25, and for Hereford, 1625 and
1628 ; created Viscount Scudamore,
July 5, 1628. His aunt, the widow of
Sir Thomas Dale, gave him by will,
in 1640, a ring valued at £60. " He
died universally lamented, in the
seventy-first year of his age, June 8,
1671."
Sebright (or Seabright), Wil-
liam, escjuire, 2. Sub. ; pd. £12
10s. Of the Inner Temple ; eldest
son of Edward Sebright of Blakeshall,
in the county of Worcester, by his
wife Joyce, daughter to William (4ros-
venor, Esq. ; town clerk of London,
May 25, 1574, to April 27, 1613 ; twice
married, but left no issue. His second
wife, Elizabeth, daughter of James
Morley, was the widow of Thomas
Bourcher, and by him motlier of Sir
James Bourclier, the father of Eliza-
beth, wife of Oliver Cromwell, the
Protector. William Sebright died at
his house in Lombard Street, October
27, 1620 (or October 28, 1629), and
was buried in the Church of St. Ed-
mund the King. He left property
for the foundation of a free grammar
school at Wolvei'lej', and to sundry
other charities. His niece Sara mar-
ried Sir Thomas Coventry.
Seckford, Sir Henry, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Of Suffolk; knighted
at the Charterhouse May 11, 1603 ;
" Master of Tents and Toils." Died
before March, 1611.
Seely, Captain Thomas. Prob-
ably Capt. Thomas Ceelye of Bideford,
second son of Christopher Ceely of
Plymouth ; but see Froude's " History
of England," vol. viii. pp. 452-455.
Selden, John. Sub. ; pd.
• . The celebrated lawyer and anti-
quary ; author of " History of Tithes,"
etc. He served on several committees
for revising the laws, etc., of theVa. Co.
of London. October 22, 1622, the N. E.
Council consulted Mr. Robert Johnson
and himself concerning the heads of
" ye new Grand Pattent."
M. P. Lancaster, 1624-25 ; Great
Bed win, 1625 and 1626 ; Ludgers-
hall, lGl.8-29, and Oxford L'niversity,
1640-53 ; died in London, November
30, 1654, aged 72; buried in the Temple
Church.
Seyer — Sayer, Thomas, gent., 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Probably
Thomas Sayer, of Bowton in Suffolk,
a younger brother of Sir George Sayer,
who received the honor of knighthood
June 4, 1607.
Tliis family name also occurs as
Sears.
Seymour, Ed'ward, esquire. Of
Berry Pomeroy, County Devon; grand-
son of the first Duke of Somerset ;
M. P. for Devonshire, 1592-93, 1601,
and 1604-11 ; M. C. for Va., March 9,
1607 ; created a baronet, June 29,
1611 ; died April 11, 1613. He mar-
ried, in 1576, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Arthur Champernoune, knight, of Dart-
ington, in Devonshire, and was suc-
ceeded by his eldest son.
Sir Edward Seymour, second bar-
onet ; knighted at Greenwich, May 22,
1603; returned to two Parliaments by
the county of Devon, in the reign of
James I. ; member of the N. E.
Council in 1620 ; married Dorothj',
SEYMOUR — SHEFFIELD
999
daughter of Sir Henry Killigrew, of
Laroch in Cornwall, and, dying in
1659, left a large family.
Seymour, Rev. Richard. He was
the youngest son of Sir Edward Sey-
mour who died in Kilo, and brother of
Sir Edward Seymour, seeond baronet.
Shacley (Sheckley, ete.), "Wil-
liam, haberdasher, '_'. Sub. ; pd.
£25. June 24, 1G19, he transferred his
two shares in Virginia to Oliver St.
John.
Shakespeare, "William, poet.
Baptized at Stratford-upon-Avon,
April 26, 1561; married Anne Hath-
away about November, 1582 ; went to
London about 1586 ; retired to Strat-
ford probably about 1604 ; died at
Stratford, April 23, 1616.
Shanois. See Chanoyes.
Sharp, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £'Io. Went to Virginia in 1611;
still living there in 16.5.
Sheffield, Edmund Lord, 2. Sub.
; pd. £140. .John Sherlield, sec-
ond Baron Sheffield (who died in
1569), married Douglas, daughter of
William Lord Howard of Effingham,
by whom (who married, secondly,
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester) he
had, with other issue, Edmund Shef-
field, born in 1564 ; succeeded, at the
death of his father, in 1569, as third
Lord Sheffield ; went to the Low
Country wars with the Earl of Leices-
ter in December, 1585. *' This noble-
man distinguished himself in arms in
the reign of Queen Elizabeth, partic-
ularly in the celebrated defeat of the
formidable Spanish Armada, when he
was knighted at sea by the lord ad-
miral, J uly 26, 1588." " After that he
served her Majesty in the Irish Warres,
where God so blessed him, that he
gained much honor." By King James
he was made, in 1603, president of the
council for the northern parts of the
realm, where he governed many years
with such integrity that injustice was
never laid to his charge. M. C.Va.
Co., May 23, 1609. He was one of the
lords who accompanied Richard Mar-
tin to the House of Commons in May,
1614, in the interest of the Va. Co.,
and we find him constantly interested
in the success of the Virginia Colony ;
one of the first members of the fiist
council for the N. E. Co., November
3, 1620, and one of the signers of the
fir.st Plymouth patent, June 1, 1621.
He granted a patent of Cape Ann,
New England, on January 1, 1624 ;
created ICarl of Mulgrave by Charles
I., February 7, 16i6 ; married, first,
Ursula, daughter of Sir Robert Tir-
whit, of Ketilby, County Lincoln, and
had bj- her no less than fifteen chil-
dren. His domestic losses were severe ;
four of his sons were drowned, and the
fifth. Sir John Sheffield (grandfather
of the celebrated Duke of Bucking-
ham), was killed by a fall from his
horse. Of his daughters, by first
wife, I^Iajy married (in November,
1608) Sir b'crdinando Fairfax; Frances
married Sir Fliilip Fairfax, and Eliza-
beth married Sir John Bourchier.
Lord Sheffield married, secondly,
Mariana, daughter of Sir William
Urwyn, knight, and had by her no less
than five children.
Rev. Thomas Lorkin, writing to Sir
Thomas Puckering, March 16, 1619,
says, " My Lord Sheffield, upon Thurs-
day fortnight last, married a fair young
gentlewoman of some sixteen years of
of age, Sir William Irwin's daughter,
and is (for the country's sake, I sup-
pose) highly applauded by the King for
his choice. And surely, if it be true,
' Blessed is the wooing that is not long
adoing,' we must give him for a happy
man, since less than three days con-
cluded wooing, wedding, and bedding."
He lies buried under a black and
whit^ altar tomb in the Church of Ham-
mersmith, on the south side of the chan-
cel, with the following inscription : —
" To the lasting memory of Edmond
Lord Sheffield, Earl of Mulgrave,
Baron of Butterwick and Knight of the
most noble order of the Garter. . . .
He was a good patron to his country,
endevoringe to advance the Church
and common weale. lie was truly
pious, open-handed to feed the poore,
and cloathe the naked. As he lived
the life, so he died the death, of the
righteous, in Oct', 1646, in the 83rd
year of his age."
1000
SHELLEY — SHERLEY
Shelley, Henry, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Probably Henry Shelley of
Warming-hurst, Sussex ; M. P. for
Steyiiing, 1586-87 ; Bramber, 1604-
11 ; died December, 1623. Or Henry
Shelley of Parham, Sussex, whose
daughters, Mary and Judeth, married
nephews of John and Gregory Bland.
He was shipwrecked on tlie Bermudas
in 1G09 ; came to Virginia in 1610,
but returned to England.
Shelley, "Walter. Sub. ; pd.
£12 10s. Member of the first House
of Burgesses in the New World, for
Smythe's Hundred, July 30, 1619, and
died during the session, August 1.
Shelton, Sir Ralphe, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Of Shelton
Hall, Norfolk ; knighted at Theo-
bald's, November 30, 1607.
Shepard, Matthew, grocer, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50. Apprentice
to Thomas Juxon ; was sworn to the
freedom of the Grocers' Company,
Januar}^ 18, 1579 ; married Sara,
daughter of John Hawkins of Rugby,
Com. Warwick, and widow of Raphe
Juxon (the uncle of William Juxon,
Bishop of London). His son and late
apprentice, Matthew Sheppard, was
sworn to freedom, July 3, 1616, and
both father and son (senior and junior)
were on the Grocers' books in 1620.
At the Visitation of Loudon in 1634,
the father was dead, and the son was
one of the " Leiftenants of the City."
Shepard, Richard, preacher, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Sherley (or Shirley), Sir An-
thony. The second son of Sir
Thomas Sherley, the elder, of Wis-
ton ; was born about 1.565 ; B. A.
Oxford, 1581 ; serving in the Low
Country wars, 1588 ; knighted 1591 ;
made a knight of St. Michael's by
Henry IV. of France ; but Queen
Elizabeth made him return the in-
signia ; made a voyage to the West
Indies and thence along our whole
coast, via Newfoundland, May 21,
1596, to June 15, 1597 ; in the voyage
of 1.597 to the Azores ; induced by
the Earl of Essex to proceed to the
Court of Persia ; set out with his
younger brother Robert aiul twenty-
six followers in 1598-99 ; sailed from
Venice for Aleppo, May 24, 1599 ;
arriv(!d in Persia after many adven-
tures by land and sea in 1599 ; per-
suaded Shah Abbas to make war
against the Turk. In 1600 the Shah
sent him on an embassy to the Chris-
tian princes of Europe to induce them
to form a league with him against
Mahomet III., and after traveling
over Europe on this embassy, he
landed at Dover, England, " in the
midst of the moneth of September,"
1601. Licensed by James I. to re-
main beyond seas, and recommended
to foreign courts, February 8, 1604 ;
ambassador from Rudolph II. of Ger-
many to the King of Morocco, Africa,
in 1604-05. His brother Robert, who
had gone with him to Persia, and who
remained there, wrote to him on Sep-
tember 10, 1606, from Casbin, re-
proaching him for not returning to
Persia. He afterwards entered the
service of Spain, and was i)ensioned
by Philip HI. "The habit of St.
lago " was conferred upon him in
1611. He was afterwards created ad-
miral of the Levant Seas, and made
a member of the Spanish Council.
Died in Spain after 1630.
Sherley (or Shirley), Sir Robert.
The j^oungest brother of Sir Anthony
aforesaid ; born about 1570 ; entered
the service of Shah Abbas, 1599 ;
drilled his troops, and served with dis-
tinction in his army against the Turks.
In December, 1608, he was sent am-
bassador to Christian princes by the
Shah. Rudolpli II., in token of his
great service against the Turk, cre-
ated him a Count and Knight of the
Sacred Roman Empire, June 2, 1609 ;
reached Spain early in 1610, and re-
mained there imtil June, Kill, when
he went to England. While in Persia,
he married Teresa, daughter of Isinael
Khan, who bore him a child there, for
whom the Mohammedan king stood
godfather, and on November 4, 1611,
she bore him a son in England, for
whom the Prince of Wales and the
Queen were sponsors. Left England
for Persia in January, 1613, in the
ship of Capt. Christopher Newport ;
remained in Persia until 1616 ; rep-
resented the Shah in Spain, 1616-20;
in England in 1624 ; died at Casbin in
Persia, July 13, 1628.
Sherley (or Shirley), Sir
Thomas. The elder of Wiston; born
May 9, 1549 ; M. P. Sussex, 1572;
knighted by Queen Elizabeth, at Rye
SIR FRANCIS WALSINGHAM
i
SHERLEY — SIDNEY
1001
in Kent, Angust 12, 1573 ; treasurer
at wiir, lo8G-97 ; served in the Low
Countries ; died in December, 1612 ;
had issue, by Anne, daughter of Sir
Tliomas Kenipe of OUantigh, seven
daughters and five sons. One of the
daughters, Cecilia, married Sir Thomas
West, Lord De la AVarr, the first cap-
tain-general and lord governor of Vir-
ginia. Three of the sons, Thomas,
Anthony, and Robert, are known as
" the three celebrated brother trav-
elers."
Sherley (or Shirley), Sir
Thomas. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. .
I'vldest son of Sir Thomas, the elder,
aforesaid; born in 15(i4; M. P. Steyn-
ing, 1584-85; served in the Low Coun-
try wars; knighted in Ii-eland in 1589;
M. P. Steyning, 1593; engaged in tak-
ing Spanisii prizes on tlie Atlantic
Ocean; M. P. Hasting, 1601, and for
Steyning, 1004—11 ; became involved
in debt, was arrested and lodged in the
Fleet from March 15 to May 15, 1004,
furnishing the grounds for a celebrated
"case of privilege ;" went to Turkey,
and was a prisoner there, 1604-1607;
released and returned to England ; sent
to the Tower " for turning Turk," for
a short time in September, 1607; while
before the King's Bench for debt in
June, 1612, he took poison, but re-
covered; M. P. for Steyning, 1614; was
again in the Fleet for debt in January,
1617 ; M. P. for Steyning, 1621-22.
His debts forced him to sell the an-
cestral estate of Wiston. (Sir Robert
Sherley, first Earl of Ferrers, who
married, for his first wife , Elizabeth ,
daughter of Lawrence Waslimgton of
Garesdon, Wiltshire, was ol dllUthcr
branch of this family.)
Sherwell, Nicholas. Pd. £12
10s.
Sherwell, Thomas. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Merchant of Plymouth;
M. P. Plymouth, 1014, 1021-22, 1624-
25, 1625, 1626, and 1627-28. This
name is sometimes found in the old
Virginia records as Sherwin, and I
suppose this person to be either the
same, or one of the same family, as the
Master Thomas Sherwin who was in-
terested in the whale fisheries, and who
made voyages to Spitzbergen during
1612-1 S, and possibly before and after.
Shipley, Hugh, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Shipton, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £(i2 10s. Of the E. L Co.
Shre^vsbury, Earl of. — George
and Gilbert Talbot.
Sicklemore, Master Michael,
gent. In Virginia, 1608-09.
Sidney Pedigree. (Extract.) Sir
William Sidney married Amie Pagen-
ham. and had issue, with others, Lucy
and Sir Henry. Lucy Sidney married
Sir James Harington, and had issue,
with others. Sir John Harrington
(father of Sir John and Lucy Har-
riugton) and Elizabeth Harington
(mother, by her husl>and. Sir Edward
Montague, of Sir Henry and Bishop
James Alontague).
Sir Henry Sidney married Mary,
daughter of John Dudley, Earl of
Northumberland. " Her father, her
grandfather, her brother, and her sis-
ter-in-law, the Lady Jane Grey, all died
on the scaffold in the time of Queen
Mary ; and this was the Dudley blood
of which her son, the celebrated Sir
Philip Sidney, was so proud." By
her husband. Sir Henry Sidney, she
was the mother of three sons and a
daughter, namely : 1. Sir Philip Sid-
ney ; 2. Sir Robert Sidney ; 3. Sir
Thomas Sidney, who died a young
man ; 4. Mary Sidney.
Sidney, Madame Mary. Daugh-
ter of John Dudley (see pedigree).
Patron of Le I\Ioyne. Her husband,
Sir Henry, and herself were both in-
terested in Frobisher's voyages, 1576-
78. She was sister to Robert Dudley,
Earl of Leicester.
Sidney, "Mary, Countesse of
Pembroke," 3. Sub. ; pd. .
Daughter of Sir Henry Sidney and
his wife, Mary Dudley (see pedigree);
born about 1550 ; married Henry
Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, about
1576 ; interested in Frobisher's voy-
ages of 1576-78, and in Fenton's,
1582-83 ; member of the Va. Co.,
1612 ; a poetess and authoress. She
died at her house in Aldersgate Street.
London, September 25, I62I, and Ben
Jonson wrote her epitaph : —
" Under neatli this marble Iiearse
Lios the subject of all verso :
Sidney's sister, Pembroke's mother :
Death, ero thou hast slain anotlier,
Wise, and fair, and pood as she,
Time shall tlirow a dart at thee."
She left two sons, Philip and William
Herbert (whom see).
1002
SIDNEY
Sidney, Sir Philip (see pedigree).
Born at Fenslmrst in Kent, November
29, loo4:, and named for Fliilip II. of
Spain, who had recently married Mary,
Queen of England. In May, 1564:,
when not ten years of age, " Philip
Sydney, Scholar," was instituted by
Thomas, Bishop of St. Asaph, to the
rectory and church of Whyteford, as
Philip Sydney, clerk, etc. He was
then at school in Shrewsbury, and his
church preferment was filled by his
proctor. From this school he went,
about 1568, to Christ Church, Oxford,
and from Oxford he is said to have
" passed to Cambridge, which he left
with a liigli reputation for scholarship
and general ability." In August,
1569, " terms of settlement for a pro-
posed marriage of Philip Sidney and
Ann, daughter of Sir William Cecil,"
were drawn up by Cecil.
Sidney sailed for France with Ed-
ward Clinton, Earl of Lincoln, May
26, 1572 ; in Paris at the massacre of
St. Bartholomew, August 22, 1572 ;
sheltered himself in the house of
Walsingham ; quitted Paris as soon as
the storm had subsided; at Frankfort,
late in 1572 and early in 1573, where
he became acquainted with the cele-
brated Hubert Languet ; in Hungary,
September, 1573 ; in Italy, winter
1573-74, to summer, 1574 ; then in
Germany ; returned to England about
the last of May, 1575.
" He is said to have been invited to
enrol himself among the candidates for
the crown of Poland vacant, in 1585,
by the death of Stephen Batliori."
But Bathori did not die until after Sir
Philip, in December, 1586. It may be,
however, that Sidney was invited in
1574 to enrol himself as the candidate
of the Christians against Bathori, who
was supported by the Turks.
At the entertainment given Queen
Elizabeth by Leicester at Kenilwortli,
in July, 1575; met his "Stella," Lady
Penelope Devereux, in 1575 and
1576. About November, 1.576, sent
by Elizabeth to condole with Rudolph
II. on the death of his father, and
with secret instructions to other Ger-
man princes, to negotiate a union of
the Protestant states against the Pope
and Philip II.; and the subsequent
success of the measure has been as-
cribed to his arguments and address.
He returned to England in 1577 ; was
interested in Frobisher's voyage of
1578. Ednuind Spens?r dedicated
" The Shepheard's Calendar " to him
in 1579. It was probably in October,
1579, that he had his noted difficulty
with the Earl of Oxford. In 1580 he
lived quietly at Wilton, the seat of his
brother-in-law, where he began to
write his " Countess of Pembroke's
Arcadia." M. P. for Kent in 1581 ;
sat on a most select committee for de-
vising new laws against the Pope and
his adherents ; Hakluyt dedicated his
" Divers Voyages " to Sidnej' in 1582.
His " Stella " had married Lord
Rich prior to September 9, 1582, on
which day the Lady Penelope Rich,
the old Lady Chandose, Mr. Pliilip
Sidney, and Mr. Fulke Greville stood
sponsors for the infant Penelope West,
sister of Thomas West, afterwards
governor of Virginia, and mother of
Herbert Pelham, first treasurer of
Harvard College, New England.
January 13, 1583, Sidney was
knighted at " Windesore, and was on
that day lykewise installed for Duke
John Cazimir, Conte Palatine, and
Duke of Bavier." He married Fran-
ces, daughter of Sir Francis Walsing-
ham, about March, 1583; was interested
in colonizing America as early as July,
1584 ; M. P. for Kent, 1584-85, and
was on the committee for confirming
Ralegh's patent, December, 1584.
His own colonization schemes had
taken definite shape prior to April,
1585 ; interested in the Roanoke col-
ony, and Lane wrote to him from
Virginia on the 12th of August, 1585,
which letter he probably received in
November, just before sailing for
Flushing. He went aboard his fleet to
sail for America in July, 1585; but the
queen ordered him to return to court.
November 7, 1585, appointed gov-
ernor of Flushing, and on the 18th
arrived there ; took Axel, July, 1586;
saved the army at Gravelines ; wound-
ed at Zutphen, September 22, 1586 ;
died at Arnheim, October 17, 1586 ;
buried in St. Paul's, London, February
16, 1587.
" England, Netherland, the Heavens and the
Arts,
The Souldiers, and the World have made sixe
parts
Of the Noble Sidney.
SIDNEY
1003
His Body hath England, for she it bred :
Netlierluiid liis Bloiul, in her defence shed,
The Hi^avens h;ive his Soule, the Arts have his
Fanio :
All SouliliiTs the Griefe ; the World his good
Name."'
Sidney, Sir Robert, Viscount
Lisle, etc., 2. Sub. ; pel. £1)0.
The second son of Sir Henry Sidney
(see Sidney pedigree); born about
1555-56; received liis education large-
ly under the direction of his celebrated
uncle, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leices-
ter, whom he accompanied to his gov-
ernment of the Low Countries in De-
cember, 1585, and continued to serve
under him there until 15S7 ; a volun-
teer at Doesbury in 158G, in which
year he was knighted by " Roberte,
Erie of Lecester in Hollande."
In 1588 he was sent by Queen
Elizabeth as ambassador to King
James VI. of Scotland (afterwards
James I. of England), to discover that
prince's intentions with regard to the
great schemes of Spain, and to secure
the cooperation of tliat king against
the Spanish Armada ; " by whom tha
King returned answer to the Queen of
his faithful friendship and love to her,
and to the Religion, and that he hoped
for no other beneht from the Spaniard
than that which Polyphemus had
promised Ulysses, namely, that when
the rest were devoured, he should be
swallowed last."
About 1589 he was appointed gov-
ernor of Flushing, "and Elizabeth
kept him there several years sorely
against his will; because she could not
find a more efficient person to send in
his place." Sent ambassador to Hen-
ry IV. of France, December, 1593, to
April, 1594; served in the Netherlands
with Sir Francis Vere, and shared hon-
ors with him in the victory achieved
at Turnholt, in Brabant in 1597, where
his gallant conduct was highly praised
by Prince i\Laurice.
James I. granted him many favors.
April 22, 1C03, he was granted the
offices of governor and ca])tain of
Flushing during pleasure ; and at the
first creation of peers by the king, he
was elevated to the peerage as Baron
Sydney of Penshurst. County Kent, by
letters patent dated iMay 13, 1603.
In June, liOS, Lord Sidney and
Lord Southampton met the French
ambassador. Marquis de Rosui, after-
wards Duke de Sully, at Canterbury,
and attended him to London, and on
July 24 in the same year. Lord Sidney
was appointed lord chamberlain to
Queen Anne. May 4, 1605, he was
created Viscount Lisle. M. C. for
Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
In 1()10 Robert Dowland published
" A Musical Ban<piett, fuinislied with
varietie of delicious Ayres collected
out of tiie best authors, etc.," and dedi-
cated to Sir Robert Sydney of Pen-
shurst, Viscount Lisle, who, with Sir
Henry Lee, wrote the greater part of
the poetry in the book.
He was a member of the E. L and
N. W. P. companies. Tlie following
receipt, of which I give an abstract, is
still preserved : " March 20, 1612.
Receipt by Thomas Sinythe from Vis-
count Lisle of £100, his adventure on
the 2d voyage to the North West
Passage and his freedom of the same
company."
In 1616 he was installed a Knight
of the Garter, and was raised, August
2, 1618, to the earldom of Leicester,
the ceremony of creation being per-
formed in the hall of the bishop's pal-
ace at Salisbury ; died July 13, 1626.
His lordship married, first, Barbara,
daughter of John Gamage, Esq., of
Coyt}^, Glamorganshire, and had issue
by her three sons and eight daughters.
Of the sons, William and Henry died
unmarried. Sir Robert, who succeed-
ed his father as second Elarl of Leices-
ter, married, in 1615, Lady Dorothy
Percy, daughter of Henry, ninth Earl
of Northumberland, and niece at
Capt. George Percy of Virginia, and
had issue by her, four sons and four
daughters, among whom : —
1. Philip Sidney, Viscount L'Isle.
2. Algernon Sidney, the celebrated
patriot.
3. Robert Sidney, who died in 1674.
4. Henry Sidney, created Earl of
Romney.
5. Dorothy Sidney, baptized at Isle-
worth, October 5, " 1617. (Waller's
"Sacharissa" married, first, -July 20,
1639, Henry, Earl of Sunderland, who
was killed at the first battle of New-
bury in 1643. She married, secondly,
Robert Smythe, of Bounds in Kent,
esquire, the grandson of Sir Thomas
Smythe, and from them descended Sir
Sidney Stafford Smythe, who died in
1004
SIDNEY— SMITH
1777, the last of the male line of the
first treasurer of the Va. Co. of Lon-
don. " iSacbarissa's " youngest sister
married Philip Smythe, Viscount
Strangford, a grandnephew of Sir
Thomas Smythe's.)
Of the eight daughters of Robert
Sidnej', first Earl of Leicester :
Mary married Sir Robert Wroth of
Durance in Middlesex.
Catharine married Sir Lewis Man-
sel, son of Sir Tbonias Mansel.
Phillippa married Sir John Hobart,
son of Sir Ht;iiry Hobart ; and
Barbara married, first, Thomas
Smytlie, Viscount Strangford, nephew
of Sir Thom.as Smythe, and, secoudly,
Sir Thomas Colepepper.
The first Karl of Leicester married,
secondly. Lady Smythe, the widow of
Sir Thomas Smythe, the first treas-
urer of the Va. Co. of London. It is
interesting to note this blending of
the names Sidney and Smith, and the
connection of the Virginia enterprise
therewith.
Singleton, Robert, 2. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £7.5.
Slany, Humfrey, N. Fid. Co. Of
London, merchant. March 2, 1620,
Mr. Humfrey Reynolds transferred to
Mr. Humfrey Slany five shares in Vir-
ginia. He was a merchant of London;
traded to Guinea under the Warwick
charter of November 16, 1618 (see
Robert Rich, second Earl of Warwick),
until November 1:2, 1631, when King
Charles anmdled the former letters
patent granted by King James, and
granted the trade to Guinea, Binney,
and Angola for 31 years to Sir Rich-
ard Young, Sir Kenelm Digby, George
Kirke, Humfrey Slany, Nicholas
Crispe, and William Clobery. Slany
died before IMay 25, 16.50, when his
company, in answer to Samuel Vassal
and Company, asserted that the first
factory on that coast was by Sir Wil-
liam St. John and Company about 35
years since in Gambia River. Hum-
frey Slany married Joane, daughter
of John Weld, of London, haberdasher,
and had issue sons and daughters.
His dauglitci" Dorotiiy married, in
1621, William Clobery, of London,
merchant, a partner with Claiborne in
Virginia.
Slaney, John. N. Fid. Co. ; gov-
ernor of that company in 1610-28.
He dwelt in Comhill, London, and en-
tertained for some time there Squanto,
one of the twenty Indians captured by
Hunt on our New England coast. He
sent Squanto to Nevifoundlaud, and
from there he was taken back to New
England by Mr. Dermer.
Slany, Stephen. Son of John
Slany of Staffordshire ; he was born in
1524. In one of his trading voyages
to the East was taken by the Turks,
and his estate had to be sold to redeem
him ; an alderman of London, 1584 ;
sheriff, 1584; lord mayor, 1595; pres-
ident of Bridewell Hospital, 1599, and
of Christ's Hospital, 1602, to his death,
December 27, 1608.
Smalman. Francis, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. M. P. for Leom-
inster, 1621-22.
Smith (Smythe, etc.), Cleophas,
draper, 2. Sub. ; pd. £87 10s.
Smith, Edmund, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Smith (Smythe, etc.), Edward,
haberdasher, 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Smith, George, grocer. Of St.
Bennet, Grace Church, London ; born
1576 ; of the B. I. Co. ; married, in
1604, Elizabeth, daughter of Anthony
Pennyston, gent., of Saffron Walden,
Essex.
Smith, Humfrey, grocer, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Also of E. I.
and N. W. P. companies ; elected
alderman of Farringdon Within ward,
February 3, 1628 ; chosen sheriff of
London, 1629 ; removed to Cheap
ward, February 25, 1633 ; died in
August, 1638. He married Amie,
daughter of Sir George Bolles.
Smith, John, son of Sir Thomas,
3. Sid>. ; pd. . (See sketch
of Sir Thomas Smythe, the treasurer.)
Hazlitt, in his " Collections and Notes "
(1st series, p. 462), mentions a certain
copy of " A Preparation to the Psalter
[by George Wither], London. Im-
printed by Nicholas Okes, KJIO," which
was dedicated to Sir John Smith,
"onely sonne to Sir Thomas Smith,
governor of the E. I. Co.," etc., as con-
taining " a long MS. paper in the
autograph of Lord Strangford respect-
ing his collateral ancestor," the said
Sir John Smith. He was knighted at
Whitehall, September 22, 1618.
Smith, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
£26 133. 4d. Of Ostenhanger, Kent ;
SMITH
1005
eldest brother of Sir Thomas Smith
(see the Smith pedigree) ; born about
1554-56 ; married, about 1576-78, to
Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Sir
John Fineaux, of lierue, Kent (son of
Sir John Fineaux, cliief justice of the
King's Beneh) ; sheriff of Kent in
1600 ; knighted at tlie Charterhouse,
May 11, 1603 ; died in 1601), leaving
one son and two daughters. The son,
Sir Tliomas Smith, was created Vis-
count Strangford, July 17, 1628 ; one
of the daughters married Sir Henry
Neville, and one of Neville's daughters
married Sir Thomas Lunsford, who
went to Virginia and died there.
Smith (Smythe, etc.), John, gent.,
3. Sub. £75; pd. i^37i0s. Of Nibley,
the historian of the Berkeleys; born in
1567; educated at the Free School of
Derby, whence he came in 1584 to at-
tend upon Thomas, the son and heir of
Henry, seventeenth Lord Berkeley, at
Callowden, near Coventry ; pursued
his studies, with young Berkeley, under
the tuition of Mr. Edward Cowper,
of Trinity College, Oxford ; February,
1589, they entered Magdalen College,
Oxford, where they remained three
years, after which Smyth removed to
the Middle Temple as a student of
common law. On the completion of
his studies at the Temple, Smith re-
turned to the Barkeleys, and in 1598
became steward of tJie household ; was
steward of the hundred and liberty of
Berkeley in 1597, in which year he
married the well-dowered widow of
John Drew, Esq., and settled at North
Nibley, four miles from Berkeley. In
1607 he built a new house, with the
following letters engraved on a stone
over the front entrance : —
N. M.
S. P.
M. H.
N. C.
Which are the
initials of the Latin
couplet : —
Nunc Mei,
Sed Postea
^Mox Hnjua,
Nescio Cujua.
Which may be paraphrased thus ; —
'Tis mine to-day ; tomorrow (perliaps) my heir's ;
But after, wliose ? Let liim reply who dares !
In 1609 his first wife died without
issue, and he soon after married I^Iary,
elder daughter of John Browning, of
Coaley, wlio bore him five sons and
four daughters.
Besides the stewardship before men-
tioned, Smyth held many other posi-
tions requiring a knowledge of the law:
as steward of the borough and manor of
Tcjtbury, of the manor and hundred of
Bosliam in Sussex, etc., and other prop-
erties of the Berkeleys, whom he served
faithfully. In 161'J he invested tifty
siiillings in the lottery for Virginia, and
some time after he subscribed sixpence
towards a college to be erected there.
In 1618 he thought of making a plan-
tation in Virginia, and for that purpose
formed a partnership with Sir W.
Throckmorton, Sir (roorge Yardley,
Richard Berkeley, and George Thorpe.
On February 18, 1619, the remaining
partners wrote to Sir George Yardley,
governor of Virginia, " Since your de-
parture, we have procured our patent
for plantation in Virginia (a copy
whereof we herewith send unto you,
written by the Virginian boy of me,
George Thorpe)." This indenture is
dated February 3, 1618-19. In read-
ing the company records, 1619-24,
"Mr. John Smith " has been mistaken
for " Captaine John Smith ; " but they
were different men. Throckmorton,
Berkeley, Thorpe, and Smith sent the
Margaret, of Bristol, loaded with emi-
grants and supplies to their plantation,
" Berkeley Town and hundred," Sep-
tember 16, 1619. On January 10,
1620, Yardley wrote from Virginia,
declining to act as co-adventurer, lest
it should interfere with his public em-
ployment. He says, " The place as-
signed for the new Berkeley is not on
Lord De la Warr's land, as asserted by
Capt. West." It was some five miles
from Charles City (" City Point ") ; it
was afterwards a seat of the Harri-
sons, and President William H. Harri-
son was born there. February 20,
1620, the Virginia Council sent an
order to " ye Governor in Virginia to
sett out 400 acres for Capt. Powle
[Wm. Tracy's son-in-law] and Mr.
John Smith ; " and on May 7, 1620,
Sir William Throckmorton assigned to
William Tracy his interest in '.ho. ])lan-
tation ; August 28, 16i;0, qnadrupar-
tite articles of agreement were entered
into by the four adventurers of Berke-
ley Hundred, namely, Richard Berke-
ley, George Thorpe, William Tracy,
and John Smith, of Nibley; Smith was
an active member, and a regular at-
tendant on the courts of the Va. Co.,
1006
SMITH
1621-1623. He was member of Par-
liament for Midhurst, January 30,
1621 to February 8, 1622 ; April 12,
1621, at a Virginia court, lie proposed
" to have a fair and perspicuous history
compiled of that country from her
tirst discovery to this day." He does
not mention Capt. John Smith in his
list of worthies. April 30 following
he bought three shares of land in Vir-
ginia from Mr. Downes.
February 4, 1623, " Mr. John
Smith said, that having spent upon
Virginia a very great matter he did by
God's blessing hope to receive this
year a great quantity of tobacco." He
had spent a gi'eat deal upon Virginia, as
his papers show. These papers are now
advertised for sale by Mr. Quaritch,
15 Piccadilly, London, England, in his
Catalogue No. 87, as " Virginia Pa-
pers : . . . originally collected by one
of the early Adventurers, John Smyth
of Nibley (the author of the ' Lives
of the Berkeleys ') . . . from the
C'holmondeley collection, at Condover
Hall, Shropshire. £150." Among these
papers are several which were sent to
John Smith, in England, by Ben Har-
ryson, the clerk of the court inVirgiiila,
about 1634. He evidently retained in-
terests in Virginia. Fosbroke says
that " Smith became a violent Puri-
tan ; " but Mr. James Herbert Cooke,
F. S. A., says, " There is not the
slightest evidence of this in his writ-
ings, and there are many expressions
and allusions in his works which ex-
hibit an entirely different feeling."
He died in 1641, and was buried in
Nibley Church.
Among his manuscript works were
" Lives of the Berkeleys," in three
volumes, folio, containing 933 closely-
written pages ; " Description of the
Hundred of Berkeley," in one folio
volume of 426 pages; " History of the
Borough and Manor of Tetbury ; "
" History of the Manor and Hundred
of Bosham in Sussex ; " a folio volume
of the " Tenures by Knight's service
under the Berkeleys;" the "Virginia
P<apcrs," aforesaid, etc.
The other founders of the famous
Berkeley on James River were all re-
lated to each other. (See Throck-
morton pedigree.)
Smith, Captain John, 2. Sub.
■ ; pd. £t>. Dozens of biographies
have been written of Capt. John
Smith ; but they are generally based
on the accounts furnished by himself.
The world has been searching for data
regarding him for two hundred years,
but has found little beside what he
tells us in his own works, and unfor-
tunately his own story of his life can-
not be relied on. It is true that the
accuracy of all of his statements can-
not be tested ; but enough can be, to
make it evident that all must be, be-
fore they can be safely taken for use
in accurate history or biography. He
was the eldest son of George and
Alice Smith, poor tenants of Pere-
grine Bertie, Lord Willoughby ; was
baptized at Willoughby, January 6,
1579 (O. S.). His father died in April,
1596, when his mother was still liv-
ing ; yet he tells us that " his parents
died when he was about thirteene
yeeres of age." Peregrine Bertie
left England to travel abroad after
June 26, 1599, and Stuhl Weissenburg
was stormed early in September, 1601.
In this period of a little over two
years, he tells that he first went
abroad to attend Master Peregrine
Barty into France. From Paris to
the Low Countries, where he served
" three or foure yeeres ; " then to
Scotland, was "ship-wracked," etc. ;
then returned to Willoughby, where he
studied Marcus Aurelius and " Ma-
chiavills Art of Warre," etc. ; then to
the Low Countries again ; then to
France, Italy, etc., having wonderful
adventures everywhere ; was throwne
into the sea to appease a storm as a
" Hugonoit " and a " Pyrat ; " but
rode the storm - tossed waves, and
" gat safe to shoree ; " took part in " a
desperate seafight in the straights."
Then to the distant wars against the
Turks, where he saici he " releeved
Olumpagh by a stratagem of Lights "
(which " strange invention " of Smith's
will be found in William Bourne's
" Inventions " of 1578), and some time
thereafter distinguished himself at
the siege of " Stowlle Wesenburg."
Caniza was taken October 22, 1600,
and Smith says Olumpagh was be-
sieged immediately after. Thus with-
in about eighteen months of time he
pretended to have had at least five
years of adventure. After Stuhl
Weissenburg was taken, in Septem-
SMITH
1007
ber, 1601, the troops with whom Smith
says he was were sent to Gen. George
Basti in Transylvania, where they soon
revolted, not as Smith says, because
they preferred " to serve Sigisn)undus
against the Turke, rather than Biisca
against Sigisninnd," for Sigisniund was
not fighting against the Turke ; but
because they understood that Sigis-
mund had rallied " beyond all beluefe
of men," since iiis defeat at Moitiu,
and was coming against the imperial
army under Basti with a great army
of Polonians, Turks, and Tartars." Un-
der these circumstances, says Knolles,
they revolted, " saying their first
oath was to their natural Prince (for
most of these men were Transil-
vanian borne) rather than to the Em-
peror a foreign Prince." Smith also
tells us that Sigisniund rewarded him
for killing three Turks in a series of
most remarkable single combats at a
time when Sigisniund and the Turks
were allies. It is useless to follow
him farther in the wars of Transyl-
vania. I have found no mention of
him in the accounts of those wars,
save in the narrative furnished by
himself, and according to this narra-
tive it seems certain that he really
served for a time with troops who
were the allies of the Turk against
the Christian. While Smith's narra-
tive is not trustworthy, it is very curi-
ous, and it will be found interesting
to take his story, and supply it with
the correct names and dates. His
"Duke Mercury" is the Duke de
Mercoeur ; " Georgio Busea " is the
celebrated Albanian general, George
Basti; " Zachel Moyses " is Moses
Tzekely.
The three Bathori brothers are
sometimes classed as Turkish adven-
turers, but they were probably Tran-
sylvanians. (See the sketch of Sir
Philip Sidney for some reference to
the elder brother, Stephen Bathori.)
I do not know when Captain Smith
returned to England, neither do I
know where he returned from, whether
from Ireland or Africa. He does not
mention being in Ireland, but he must
have been there before he came to
Virginia, for Wingfield says, ** It was
proved to Smith's face that he had
begged in Ireland like a rogue, without
a lycence ; to such I would not my
name should be a companyon." The
law at that time required beggars to
be licensed, and of course it was consid-
ered " like a rogue " to beg, illegally,
without one.
Smith tells lis that he was interested
in the Virginia enterprise for two
years before they sailed in December,
IGDo. He also says he would have
been a party in Charles Leigh's South
American colony, "but bee dyed,"
etc. Leigh's death was first known
in England in the summer of 1605.
Smith was sent to Virginia by the
company in their first expedition,
which left The Downs in January,
1607. He was implicated in " Gal-
thorpe's open and confessed mutiny,"
and was restrained as a prisoner from
February to June 10, 1607, having
in the mean time arrived in Virginia.
He was admitted to the council and
sworn on the 10th of June, 1(307. On
September 10, 1607, " the Triumvi-
rate," Ratcliffe, Martin, and Smith,
deposed Wingfield, not only from the
presidency, but from the council also ;
and Martin and Smith elected Ratcliffe.
Smith was acting as Cape Merchant
from September to about the 16th of
December, 1607, when he was taken
prisoner by the Indians, " and by the
means of his guide, his lief was
saved." I suppose this guide was the
"stout young man called Ocanindge "
(CCXLV. p. 83), who in 1609 re-
minded Smith of the " paines he tooke
to save his life, when he was a pris-
oner." After a captivity of sixteen
to nineteen days Smith was returned
to Jamestown on the morning of Janu-
ary 2, 1607, when the council, under the
lead of Archer, condemned him to be
hanged as being the cause of the death
of Emry and Robinson ; but Captain
Newport arriving that night, he was
released. He brought wonderful ac-
counts of a ready way to the great
South Sea, of mines, and of Ralegh's /
lost colony. Knowing the Indian X —
character as we now do, it seems very
probable that Smith was really spared
to be used as a decoy. By these tales
the Indians hoped to induce the colo-
nists to make long expeditions into the
wilds where they could be easily cut
off and destroyed.
Smith and Scrivener (the only other
members of the council), it seems from
Y
1008
SMITH
his account, deposed Ratcliffe either
about the 22d of July or ou the 10th
of September (Smith gives both dates),
1608, aud elected Smith to the presi-
dency, who had given the colonists
"the good hope that our Bay had
stretched into the South Sea." He
remained president until he was ar-
rested in September, 1G09, and was
soon after sent to England " to answer
some miademeanors."
Captain Smith did not carry the first
colonists to Virginia ; he landed there
himself " as a prisoner." He did not
su23port the colony there by his exer-
tions ; the colonists were dependent
on England for supplies ; they were
succored by every vessel that arrived
during his stay in Virginia, and at no
time were they found to be more in
need than when Argall arrived in
July, 1609, during Smith's own presi-
dency. So long as he stayed, the col-
ony was rent by factions, in which he
was an active instrument. Instead of
making Jamestown a relief station
and plantation, as it was intended to
be, he was constantly taking off the
men from their duties there, going on
voyages to discover mines, the South
Sea, etc., all of which, I am sure, can
be easily proven. He not only failed
to give satisfaction to his employers,
but he gave great dissatisfaction, and
was never employed by the Council of
the Va. Co. again. He was in Eng-
land from December, 1609, to March,
1614. The troubles and misfortunes
of the dark days of 1611-12 caused
many (who were evidently ignorant
of the true state of affairs) to place
confidence in Smith's claims, and un-
der their patronage his reason for the
cause of " the defailement " (CCXLV.)
was published, which work proves that
he did not even know tlie real causes
which produced the troubles ; but the
generality in England knew no better,
and this tract probably gained for him
the favor of four London merchants,
not members of the Va. Co., who sent
him on a voyage with Captain Hunt to
our New England coast, March to
August, 1614. Some members of the
North Va. Co. gave him ample oppor-
tunity to prove his assertions of his
proficiency, and from June to Novem-
ber, 1615, he was on his so-called " sec-
ond voyage for New England ; " but
this rival (in his own imagination) of
" Sampson, Hercules, and Alexander
the Great," was taken prisoner at sea
by a French vessel, while his own
vessel and crew escaped. After this
remarkable event, his self-assertions
failed to have any value with business
men, and he was never sent from Eng-
land again, although he seems to have
constantly sought employment abroad.
For the remainder of his life he was
" a paper tiger " at home in Old Eng-
land.
His " Description of New Eng-
land " was published in 1616 ; "New
England's Trials " in 1620, and a sec-
ond edition in 1622. In May, 1621,
when the company of Virginia was
under a diffei'ent management from
that under which Smith served, and
probably encouraged thereto by the
fact that it was not friendly to the
former administration, Smith pre-
sented a petition for a reward for ser-
vices rendered, " as he allegeth" in
Virginia, which was referred "to the
committees appointed for rewarding
of men upon merits." He tells us
himself that he failed to get anything.
(This petition, it seems, is the only
appearance of Capt. John Smith in
the Virginia records of 1619-24. See
John Smith, of Nibley). "The His-
tory of Virginia, the Summer Islands,
and Newe England " was published in
1624 (see hereafter). He was never
knighted, although it has been so
stated. His arms were not granted
for his services in America. William
Segar, the king of arms of England,
in August, 162.5 (nearly a generation
after the services are "alleged" to
have been rendered, in a distant land),
certified that he had seen Sigismund's
patent, and had had a copy thereof
recorded in the Herald's Office. I
believe Segar did see it ; but I have
no idea that Sigismund ever did.
Segar must have been imposed upon
as he was when he granted " the royal
arms of Arragon with a canton of
Brabant to Brandon, the common hang-
man of London," for, as I have said,
the Turks were Sigismund's allies
when Smith claimed to have killed
them, and Sigismund had no legal
right to sign an instrument as " Duke
of Transilvania, Wallachia," etc., in
December, 1603.
SMITH
1009
" Smith published "An Accidence or
pathwaye of Experience, etc.," in 16*26 j
" The True Travels, Adventures . . .
from 1593 to 1629, with a continuation
of the General History from 162-1 to
1629," in 1630; "Advertisements for
the unexperienced planters of New
England or anywhere," in 1631, in
which lie tells us that he had " lived
ueere 37 yeares in the midst of wars,
pestilence and famine." lie was then
about 50 years old, and had evidently
lived over forty years quietly in Old
England. He died June 21, 1631.
By his will " he required Thomas
Packer to disburse about his funerall,
the somme of twentie poundes " (which
was about one fourth of his estate);
and he was buried in " Saint Sepul-
cher's " Church, London, " on the
South Side of the Quire " where a
table (i. e., a wooden tablet) was hung
containing an inscription very suitable
to his character.
Thomas Packer was a clerk of the
privy seal and of the Court of Re-
quests, an ancient court of equity in
England for the recovery of small
debts between citizens and freemen.
Captain Smith gave Packer, by will,
his interests in the county of Lincoln,
in consideration of eighty pounds ;
payable, £20 in his lifetime, and the
balance after his death. It seems
probable that the £-0 was to pay some
debt for which Smith was then being
sued before the Court of Requssts.
While the vain character of Captain
Smith is amply shown in his own com-
pilations, it can be readily understood
why he must have been for many
years an object of especial interest in
England, and why this interest in him
should increase to a sympathy which
would in the hearts of some get the
better of their judgment. The plant-
ing of the colonies in America was an
all-absorbing topic of tiie time; their
perils and misfortunes were tragedies
of the period; and Smith imagined that
these colonies were all " pigs of his
sow." He tells us himself, in 1630,
that " scarce five of those who first
went with me to Virginia remain
alive." For many years he was prol)-
ably the only one of those first sent to
Virginia under Newport, in December,
1606, living in England; under these
circumstances, Smith must have been
an object of the greatest interest, and
a welcome guest by the heartli of
many of the gentry of Old England,
where " his twice told tales " afforded
amusement and interest, or aroused
sympathy; and we can easily forgive
him for compiling a romance, with
himself as his hero, without accept-
ing his story as a trustworthy history
of the founding of the first English
Protestant colony in America. " The
History of Virginia, The Summer"
Hands and newe England by John
Smith," was entered at Stationers'
Hall for publication, July 12, 1624, and
probably issued from the press soon
after. The publishers seem to have
found it hard to work off this book; a
fresh title-page is given to it in 1626,
another in 1627, and two others in
1632 ; but the text remains the same.
It was for about 225 years almost the
only source of information regarding
our beginning.
The first Book relates to America
before 1606, and is compiled from the
works of Hakluyt, Hariot, Brereton,
Rosier, and others, and by collating
these with Smith, his style of compil-
ing will be apparent. The tortuous
method which obtains in all of his
works has constantly led the historians
who have attempted to follow him
into errors.
The second Book, is a description
of the country, etc., nearly as in
CCXLIV. The third Book is based
on CCXLV.
That part of the fourth Book which
relates to the period of which I am
writing is compiled from the last part
of CCXLV., and from CXL., CLXXI.,
CCCXXVIL, and CCCXLIL, and
also from the narrative of William
Box, which I have not found. Smith
certainly did not compile from, or
have access to, the records of the
Va. Co. His History is perfectly
described by Capt. George Percy
in a letter to the Earl of Northum-
berland, in which Percy says : " The
author bathe not spared to aproi)riate
many deserts to himselfe wliich he
never performed, and stuffed liis rela-
cyons with many falsities and maly-
cyous detractyons." The truth of
these charges can be easily proven-
Even when compiling from a pub-
lished narrative he does not hesitate
1010
SMITH
to insert his own name, or a favorable
reference to himself, where there was
none. For his own purposes, he takes
events of several years and bunches
them all together, or an event of one
year and assigns it to another year.
He evidently appropriated to himself
incidents in several publications and
in the lives of many other men. How-
ever, I do not attribute all of Ids er-
rors to selfish motives. I believe that
many are attributable to his lack of
knowledge of the facts. He was cer-
tainly incapable of writing correct his-
tory where he was personally inter-
ested, and after he left Virginia he
evidently knew no more of the facts
than the generality in England.
He was really in no way properly
qualified, or properly equipped, for
writing a disinterested and accurate
history of the great movement.
We are told that Smith was not the
author of his History, that it consisted
of narratives written by others. All
histories must be largely compiled from
the narratives written by others; but
when a man sets to work to collect
and publish matter to prove that he is
one of the greatest men of his time,
and that his peers were mere mar-
plots, and calls his compilation a his-
tory, his evidence must be presented
in the most straightforward, clear, and
distinct way, it must be of the highest
character and of the most undoubted
accuracy, for a tortuous, vainglorious,
and prevaricating compilation must be
really the strongest possible evidence
against that man ; and this is a ease
in point. Smith's so-called History of
Virginia is not a liistory at all; but
chiefly an eulogy of Smith and a lam-
poon of his peers. And it is seldom,
indeed, that we can safely turn a man
loose in the field of his own biography.
Smith's position in our early liistory
is a remarkable illustration of the
maxim, " I care not who fights the
battles, so I write the dispatches."
Tlie establishing of an English col-
ony in America was a vast work, re-
quiring the constant support of the
king, the purse of the people, and the
careful management of the greatest
business men of that period for ten
long years of " constant and patient
resolution." On the other hand. Smith
was a mere adventurer; one of the very
smallest contributors; an agent of the
company in Virginia less than two
and a half years ; in command there
about one year ; failed to give satisfac-
tion ; sent home to answer for his mis-
demeanors, and was never again even
employed by the South Va. Company.
The managers of the enterprise had
for their own use ample maps, descrip-
tions, and accounts; but it was against
the interest of the colonies to make
public their affairs, and no history was
compiled from their records. ]SIo one
who had ever taken the official oath
could reveal or publish anything re-
garding the colonies in Virginia, with-
out authority from the council, unless
he broke his oath and betrayed his
trust, and Capt. John Smith was prob-
ably the only official, or ex-official,
who did this. He published " the
dispatches ; " took possession of the
history which others made and turned
it to his own service; and it came to
pass that for over 200 years these
" dispatches " were " almost the only
source from which we derived any
knowledge of the infancy of our coun-
try." I acknowledge that I am anx-
ious to enable the reader to do justice
to the real founders of this country,
because, as the result of a remarkable
chain of circumstances, great injustice
has been done them; yet I certainly
do not wish to be unjust to Smith. I
have weighed well every scrap of evi-
dence within my reach before arriv-
ing at the opinions herein given of
him and of his so-called " General His-
tory." The counter-evidence now
available makes it perfectly certain
that the true history of our foundation
is really grand.
Smith, Jonathan. Pd. £12 10s.
Smith, Othowell, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. £62 10s.; pd. £12 6s. 8d.
Smith, Richard, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25.
Smith, Sir Richard, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Of Leeds Castle ; brother
of Sir Thomas Smythe, treasurer, etc.
(see pedigree) ; knighted at Whitehall,
July 23, 1603; receiver of the Duchy
THOMAS WEST
Third Huron Delavari
SMITH
1011
of Cornwall ; M, P. Hythe, 1614; sur-
veyor-general to Prince Charles; mem-
ber of the Privy Conncil ; pnruhased
the estate of Leeds Castle from Sir
Warhani St. Leger. " He married
three wives who were widows: " first,
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas
Scott of Scot's Ilall, and widow of
John Knatchbiill, Esq. (see Scott
pedigree) ; secondly, Jane, daughter
of John White, Esq., of London, and
widow of Samuel Thornhill, Es(j.
The name of his third wife, who sur-
vived him, is not known to me. By his
first wife he had a son, John, and two
daughters ; by his second, an only
child, Mary, and by his tliird wife an
only child, Margaret. " In 1627 he
gave in stock for provision of Sea-
Coals for the Poor of the Parish of
St. Stephen, Coleman Street, London,
£100 every year, to be returned for
the use of the poor forever. And an-
other £100 afterwards for the relief
of the poor also." He died July '21,
1628, in his 63d year leaving behind
him " £lr,jOO a year in land, and
£6,000 in money, plate, and goods; he
hath given a little dwarf daughter of
his £2,500, and £3L)l) a year in land."
(D'Ewes' Journal.) His son John,
knighted at Whitehall, February 28,
1617, was seated at Leeds Castle.
Smith, Robert, merchant - tailor,
2. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. " Born at
Market Harborough in Leicestershire ;
became controller of the chamber of
London, and one of the four attorneys
in the Mayor's Court." He is spoken
of as the " under chamberlain " in
the records of the Va. Co. In June,
1622, bought two additional shares in
Virginia from Francis Carter ; gave
£7oO, to purchase lands for the main-
tenance of a lecturer in the town of
his nativity; one of Fuller's Worthies
of Leicestershire ; but Fuller errs in
placing his death in 1618, as he was an
active member of the Va. Co. for sev-
eral years after that date.
pAt/^hSln^'
Smith — Smyth, Captain Roger.
He was captain of an infantry com-
pany under Sir Francis Vere in the
Netherlands in 1592 ; " served for 12
or 13 years in the wars in the Low
Countries ; " first went to Virginia
probably in 1616, and after remaining
there " about some three years " sailed
for England on the George in Novem-
ber, 1619 ; complained of Governor
Yeardley to the court of the Va. Co.,
March 15, 1620 ; signed the petition
to have some man of (piality sent gov-
ernor to Virginia; " recommended to
be a gentleman very sufficient for im-
ployment in Virginia; " was employed
by the company, and again sailed for
Virginia on board the Abigail in Feb-
ruar}^, 1621 ; was appointetl to be of
the Council in Virginia, July 24, 1621.
The Indians killed five men near his
plantation in Cliarles City, in the
massacre of March 22, 1622 ; in April,
1623, he was engaged in building a
strong block -house ; married the
widow of John Rolfe ; was living with
his wife in James City in January,
1625 ; still living and still a member
of the Council in Virginia, November
30, 1629.
Smythe Pedigree. — John ^ Smythe
of Corsham, County Wilts, esquire,
married Joan, daughter of Robert
Brouncker, of Melksham, esquire, and
died in 1538, leaving five sous and
three daughters.
Elizabeth -^ Smythe, the youngest
daughter, married Symon Horspoole,
citizen and draper of London, and of
tlie ancient Wool Staple ; Merchant
Adventurer of the Old Hanse and Mns.
companies ; sheriff of London, 1591 ;
died January 14, 1601, aged 75. Their
son, William Horspoole, married, in
May, 1602, Mary, daughter of Lau-
rence Washington, Es(j., by his first
wife, Martha, daughter of Clement
Newce, of Great Hadham, Herts ;
wliich Laurence married, secondly,
Mary, the mother of Sir Samuel Ar-
gall, with whom Sir Thomas Smythe
was tluis connected through the Wash-
ingtons. But it is the line of Thomas -,
second son of John ^ Smythe, aforesaid,
in which we are chiefly interested.
Smythe or Smith, Thomas^. Was
born about 1520 ; " Collector of the
Queen's Majesties Subsidy for tonage
and poundage, and fai-mer for the
Custome and Subsidy inwards ; " com-
monly called " Mr. Customer Smythe."
1012
SMITH
A raan of large wealth, seated at Os-
tenhanger in Kent, at the coming of
the Sjjanish Armada in 1588, he lent
the queen £1,000.
He mairied Alice, daughter and
heiress of Sir Andrew Judde, Lord
Mayor of London, by whom he ac-
quired the manors of Ashford and
Westure ; died June 7, 1591, and was
buried in the church at Ashford, hav-
ing had issue seven sons and six
daughters, namely : —
1. Andrew Smythe, died young.
2. Sir John Smythe.
3. Sir Thomas Smythe.
4. Henry Smythe, died before 1591.
5. Sir Richard Sniythe.
6. Robert Smythe.
7. Simon Smythe, slain at Cadiz in
1596.
1. Mary Smythe, married " Robert
Davys, Esq., Receiver for Wales."
(Were they the parents of Captains
Robert and James Davies ?)
2. Ursula Smythe, married Simon
Harding, of London, gent.
3. Jane Smythe, married Thomas
Fanshawe, Esq., of Ware Park (his
second wife), which Thomas was re-
membrancer of the exchequer to
Queen Elizabeth from 1568 to his
death, February 19, 1601. By his
first wife, Mary, daughter of Anthony
Bonrchier, he was the father of Hen-
ry Fanshawe, who married his second
wife's youngest sister.
4. Catherine Smythe, married, first,
Sir Rowland Hayward ; secondly, Sir
John Scott.
5. Alice Smythe, married Sir Wil-
liam Harris.
6. Elizabeth Smythe, married Sir
Henry Fanshawe. One of the sisters
died before October 12, 1616, on which
day Chamberlain wrote to Carleton,
" Lady Fansliawe and her four sisters
are all widows together."
Smith (or Smythe), Sir Thomas,
skinner, 2. Sub. £75 ; pd. £165.
Third son of " Mr. Customer Smythe "
(see pedigree). He was the first
treasurer of the Va. Co. of London.
Was born about 1558 ; was educated
at Oxford ; at an early age became a
prominent man; so much so that from
1580 to the death of his father in 1591,
it is sometimes very hard to distin-
guish between father and son, each
being a leading man of affairs, and
each having the same name ; but it
was probably the sou who was an
incorporator of the Turkey Company
in 1581 ; " a principal member of the
Russia Company in 1587 ; " at whose
house Hood lectured in 1588 ; and the
first on the list of those to whom
Ralegh assigned (on March 7, 1589)
his interest in Virginia, " saving only
the fifth part of gold and silver ore."
In 1591 he is said to have succeeded
his father as master of the customs,
and the same year he aided in sending
ships to the East Indies ; at Cadiz in
1596, his brother Simon was killed,
and he was knighted by Essex for
gallantry ; 1599, Hood's lecture dedi-
cated to him ; aided in organizing an
expedition to (he Fast Indies ; 1600,
"Alderman Sir Thomas Smith," an
incorporator and first governor of the
East India Company ; sheriff of Lon-
don, 1600-01 ; February 8, 1601, at
the " Insurrection of Essex," the earl
drank at his house ; he was a captain
of the tiained bands of London and a
friend of Essex, who, it is said, ex-
jjccted Smith to join him with a thou-
sand trained men, and he was after-
wards placed in prison on suspicion ;
released from the Tower about Sep-
tember, 1C02. On the 13th of May,
1603, knighted at the Tower by King
James, who regarded the friends of
Essex as his friends. March 19, 160-^,
appointed ambassador to Russia, and
entered on his journey there, June 12,
1604 ; in Russia at the time of the
death of Boris Godunof, " The great
Lord and Cffisar" (Czar), and at the
arrival of the celebrated Demetrius,
the pretender, in 1605, " who was very
favourable to the English." Return-
ing lie sailed from " Archangell " in
the White Sea in August, and arrived
in England about the iOth of Septem-
ber, 1605. "An account of his voyage
and entertainement in Russia " was
published in London, probably without
his consent, in 1605 and 1607. M. P.
for Dunwich from 1604 to 1611; M. C.
for Virginia, November 20, 1606.
In 1607 John Niclioll dedicated to
him " An Houre Glasse of Indian
Newes." In 1609 William Philip
dedicated "to Sir Thomas Smith,
Knight," the translation of the three
voyages of Gerald De Veer. In
the same year the Phcenix was dedi-
SMITH
1013
cated to Sarah, wife to Sir Thomas
Smith, knight, and Catherine, wife to
Sir Jolin Scott, knight, and signed,
" Humbly devoted to your Ladyships,
Tho. Dekker ; " and the Dove was
inscribed to Sir Thomas Smith, and
signed, " Ever bounden to your wor-
ship, Tho. Dekker."
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
He subscribed £75 to tlie enterprise ;
but was one of those wlio paid even
beyond their proportion, in order to
uphold that plantation ; he paid £165
($4,125). His services, in establishing
a colony in Virginia, and thus securing
a footiiold for England in America,
cannot be overestimated. The enter-
prise rested largely upon his shoulders
through the darkest hours. And yet,
most unfortunately, the history of his
administration has been based almost
entirely on the unfriendly evidence of
his opponents.
July 4, 1609, Sir Thomas Smythe
was again elected governor of the E.
I. Co., " who for his pains in serving
as governor for five years, and in pro-
curing the first (December 31, 1600)
and second (May 11, 1609) patents is
gratified with £500, besides £150,
lately paid by his order to Mr. Far-
rington ; but he utterly refused to
take the oath of governor until the
company took back £250, the residue
his worship kindly yielded to take "
"December 30, 1609, the King,
Queen, and Prince Henry went this
morning to the launch of the great
Indian ship of above 1,200 ton, newly
built by our East Indian merchants,
and had a bountiful banquet; at which
the king graced Sir Thomas Smythe,
the governor, with a very faire chaine
of gold, in manner of a collar, better
than £200, with a jewell wherein was
the King's picture hanging at it, and
the king put it about his neck with
his own hands, naming the ship The
Trade's Increase." " Delicates " were
served in fine china dishes, and the
dishes were freely permitted to be car-
ried away by all the guests.
March 19, 1610, by order of a court
marshal, he was given precedency
over certain knights more ancient than
lie, because he had had the honor to
stand covered in the presence of a
king (the Emperor of Russia). In
1610, himself and others set forth
Henry Hudson to discover the North-
west passage, and Jonas Poole to
Cherry Island.
In 1611 they set forth Jonas Poole
on a voyage of disco veiy to Green-
land. In 1612 they set forth Capt.
Thomas Button, Master Francis Nel-
son, etc., to discover a Northwest
passage. July 26, 1612, he was an
incorporator and the first governor of
the N. W. P. Co. -He was the treas-
urer for the Bermudas Islands from
the time they were taken in hand by
the Va. Co. of London until Novem-
ber 25, 1612, when the island was sold
to Sir William Wade and others.
Smith's Islands, near Cape Charles,
Virginia, generally supposed to be
named for Capt. John Smith, were
really named for Sir Thomas, as were
many other capes, sounds, forelands,
etc., on the face of the earth. His
name was justly engrafted on land and
water in the highest latitudes reached
by man in his day.
In 1613 he and others set forth
seven good ships for Greenland (Spitz-
bergen), and on the map which accom-
panies the account of the voyage, we
find Sir Tho : Smith's Bay and Prince
Charles I., in 79° N. Lat., and Sir
Tho" Smith's Inlet about 80° N. Lat.
In this year he was governor of the
Mus. Co., as he was many years be-
fore and many years after ; but, for
exactly what years, I cannot say, as
the records of that company have been
destroyed.
M. P. for Sandwich in 1614, iu
which Parliament he protected the in-
terests of the E. I. and the Va. com-
panies. " The courts, consultations,
etc., for the East Indies, Vii-ginia,
Summer Islands, North and North-
west discoveries, Muscovia, etc., were
kept at his house." He was then the
head of every one (and a founder of
most of them) of the English com-
panies directly interested in foreign
colonies and commerce, which have
ever since been the chief sources of
the wealth and power of Great Britain.
July 5, 1614, he asked to be excused
from being chosen governor of the
E. I. Co., " on account of his long ser-
vice, his age and health ; " but the com-
pany insisted on electing him again.
June 29, 1615, one of the incorpo-
rators, and the first governor, of the
1014
SMITH
B. I. Co. ; again chosen governor of
the E. I. Co., and gratified with 1,000
marks for his extraordinary care and
pains during the past year. He was
sick during this year, and Dr. Atkins,
who attended hiin, was admitted into
the E. I. Co. gratis, on account of his
attention to the governor. Sir Dudley
Digges addressed his " Defence of
Trade " to Sir Thomas Smith, knight,
etc., and alluded to him as " his kins-
man." He aided in sending Robert
Fotherbie to the northwards, who
named an island in the Northern sea
for him. About 1G13 he sent, among
other things, his picture to the Great
Mogul of India, by William Ed-
wardes, and in 1615 Sir Q homas Roe
found this picture hanging in the
Great Mogul's court, " who esteemed
it for a jewel." His engraved portrait
" was originally prefixed," so Granger
says, " to the dedication of Woodall's
* Surgeon's Mate,' which is addressed
to Sir Thomas Smith " (see John
Woodall).
In 161G he aided in sending Robert
Bileth, master, and William Baffin,
pilot, on the fifth voyage for a discov-
ery of the Northwest passage ; in this
voyage they discovered Sir Thomas
Smith's Sound to the north of 78°,
which is "admirable in one respect,
because in it is the greatest variation
of the compass of any part of the
world known." While he was the
constant patron of the celebrated voy-
agers of the period, it must not be
forgotten that he was also, from early
manhood to his death, a constant pa-
tron of men of science, as Hood,
Wright, etc. "July 16, 1616, War-
rant to pay to Sir Thos. Smythe and
the East India Company the usual
bounty for building thi-ee large ships."
March 12, 1617, he assembled the
merchant trading companies together
at the wish of the king, to see what
could be done to fit out a fleet against
the Turkish pirates. " They think
£20,000 a year for two years might be
raised from merchants, but leave the
directions to the Council."
June 23, 1618, he was appointed one
of the commissioners of the navy, and
lield that office (in which, as usual,
lie performed valuable service for
his country) to his death in 1625.
About the middle of November, his
son John married the Lady Isabella
Rich, a sister of the second Earl of
Warwick. On November 28, 1618,
Chamberlain wrote to Carleton, " It
falles out true that I wrote the last
weeke that S' Thomas Smith's sonne
had maried the Lady Isabella Rich,
without his father's consent or privitie,
and the affront is the more, beeing don
in so goode companie, as the Countesse
of Bedford, with divers other Ladies
and persons of account, whereof the
Lord Chamberlain (William Herbert,
third Earl of Pembroke) gave the
bride ; but not one of his frends or
kindred present or made acquainted
withall ; which is thought a straunge
thing that so great a man and a coun-
saillor shold geve countenance to such
an action as the robbing a man of his
only child, a youth of 18 yeares old
(for he is no more) and sure I have
seen the time that such a matter could
not have ben so caried." The Rev.
Thomas Lorkin wrote to Sir Thomas
Puckering, that the " Lord Chamber-
lain sent for his own chaplain, to Bar-
nard Castle, to marry them." " So
they were jjresently married ; and from
thence conducted to my Lord of South-
ampton's to dinner, and to my Lady
Bedford's to bed, where all was con-
summate. But the father is a heavy
man to see his son bestowed without
his privity and consent." It often
happens that some private transaction
like this has a direct bearing on public
affairs, and this had a direct bearing on
the bitter factions which afterwards
obtained in the Va. Co.
On the 1st of January, 1619, the
trouble began between Lord Rich and
the E. I. Co. regarding the taking of
two of the said lord's ships by Cap-
tain Pring in the Indian Ocean, and
this suit also bred ill-will for a time
between the Lord Rich (soon after,
second Earl of Warwick), and his
party, and the officers of the E. I. Co.
" On Saturday, Jaiuiary 30, Sir
Thomas Smythe's house at Deptford
was burnt down to the ground, and
nothing saved that was in it, except
the people, who escaped narrowly ; "
but in the same year the Marquis
Tremonille, ambassador extraordinary
from France, with a train of one hun-
dred and twenty persons, was lodged
in his house in Philpot Lane, London.
SMITH
1015
April 28 he declined to stand as a
candidate for treasurer of the Va. Co.;
he said, " For these twel\ e yeares he
hath willingly spent liis labors and
endeavors for tlie support thereof,"
and asked " the court to showe him
so much favor as now to dispence with
him, and to elect some worthy uum in
his place for he had resolved to relin-
quish it." The \ a. Co. was now di-
vided into tlu'ee chief parties : first,
the lords and most of the gentlemen,
under the lead of Robert ilicli, Karl
of Warwick ; second, many of the
merchants, especially those of the E.
I. Co., with Sir Thomas Smith at the
head; and third, "the faction of the
auditors," under Sir Edwin Sandys.
There was a strong opposition (or
jealousy) developing in certain quar-
ters to the merchants of the E. I. Co.
(probably because they were growing
so rich), and the first and third par-
ties had agreed to concentrate their
strength on one man, Sir Edwin
Sandys, while the second party, not
suspecting such political strategy, put-
ting up two candidates (.A.lderman
Johnson and Sir John WoLstenholme),
were taken by surprise and easily de-
feated, Sandys receiving fifty - nine
balls, Wolstenholme tweuty-tlu'ee, and
Johnson eighteen.
The same plan was carried out in
the election of deputy, the first and
third parties uniting on John Ferrar,
while the second divided on Johnson
.and Cletheroe.
Early in May, Smythe was again
chosen governor of the S. I. Co.
Chamberlain wrote to Carleton on
May 8, " The Virginian Company
have displaced Sir Thomas Smith,
and made Sir Edwin Sandys their
governor. But the matter is little
amended, when at the next co\irt, they
confirmed Sir Thomas Smith in his
presidentship of the Bermudas or
Summer Islands ; for I could hardly
tell how to resolve, if it were put to
my choice."
May 28 the Va. Co. gratified
Smythe with a gift of 2,000 acres of
land in Vii'ginia. Jul}' 2 he was
again chosen governor of the E. I.
Co. In December, 1C18, he had
agreed to give his son and " his
new daughter' in-law " an annuity of
£1,600 ; but the affair continued to
grate, and in July, 1619, for some rea-
son, " young Sir John Smythe stepped
aside, and went over secretly into
France." In this year William PhUip
dedicated to Sir T. Smith " The Rela-
tion of a wonderfuU voiage made by
William Cornelison Schouten."
May 17, 1620, he was one of those
recommended by James I. to the Va.
Co. for their treasurer. On the same
day the name of " Smythe's hundred "
in Virginia, which had been named fop
him, was changed to " Southampton
hundred." The Earl of Warwick,
who formerly opposed him, saw his
error, and became friendly to him ;
but the first party under Southampton
and the third under Sandys remained
united and controlled the Va. Co., and
on June 28 the Earl of Southampton
was chosen treasurer. Smythe was
again chosen governor of the E. I. and
S. I. companies in 1620.
He was M. P. for Saltash, 1621-22.
In May, 1621, the Earl of Southampton
succeeded him as governor of the S. I.
Co. July 4r, at the election for gov-
ernor of the E. I. Co., "expressing
his own weakness of body, he begged
the company would spare him, that
they should see he could as well obey
as command, and was an adventurer
of almost £20,000." Notwithstand-
ing this request, some of his friends
gave him a very complimentary vote,
and while Alderman Hallidaie was
chosen governor for the year ensuing,
" Smythe was entreated to assist at
consultations, and authorized to have
a voice in the courts." He was now
grown old in the most remarkable
business career that ever fell to the
lot of man. He had been in bad
health for many years, especially since
1615, and had long wished to relieve
himself of several of his many cares.
He continxied his interest in Virginia,
and the committees frequently met at
his house ; but affairs were very dis-
couraging, the dissensions in the com-
pany continued, and the breach grew
wider, until no hands clasped across
the chasm. Very smiliar " disturb-
ances " were agitating the E. I. Co. at
the same time from nearly the same
causes, created by some of the same
men. The old merchants said they
were produced by "gentlemen who,
having been taken into the com-
1018
SMITH
panies by courtesy, do aim to get all
the gove lament into their hands, which
is a business proper only for mer-
chants," while the other party thought
that " Noblemen and gentlemen were
fittest for the management of such
undertakings."
Chamberlain wrote to Carleton on
April 11), 1(31:3, " There is a great
faction fallen out in the Virginia Com-
pany. The heads on the one side are,
the Earl of Southampton, tlie Lord
Cavendish, Sir Edward Sackville, Sir
John Ogle, Sir Edwin Sandys, with
divers others of meaner quality. On
the other side are, the Earl of War-
wick, Sir Thomas Smith, Sir Nathan-
iel Rich, Sir Henry Mildma^^, Alder-
man Johnson, and many more." On
Jidy 26, he wrote : " The factions in
the Va. and S. I. companies are grown
so violent, as Guelfs and Gebellines
were not more animated one against
another ; and they seldom meet upon
the Exchange, or in the streets, but
they brabble and quarrel : so that, if
that society be not dissolved the soon-
er, or cast in a new mould, worse
effects may follow than the whole busi-
ness is worth." It was also asserted
•' that all their meetings and consulta-
tions seemed rather cockpits than
courts." These men were evidently
in no condition to furnish material for
disinterested and accurate history.
Such evidence as the Sandys faction
wished to present to the public is still
preserved in the two volumes of Va.
Co. Records (1019-24) now in the
library of Congress at Washington,
and on the faith of this evidence the
progress of the colony under the man-
agement of that faction has been
drawn in the brightest contrast to the
dark days of the foundation period ;
but our founders are certainly entitled
to a hearing, also, before we can have
any just right to condemn them.
The Smythe faction said that Sandys
and Ferrar, who were managing af-
fairs, were men "of discourse and
contemplation and not of reason and
judgement." Sandys justly prided
himself on his eloquence (he was a
noted speaker), and Ferrar on his dic-
tion ; but the old merchants were able
to present their case in a plain busi-
ness way, which to King James seemed
unanswerable. I can give only a sin-
gle illustration ; but that will be suf-
ficient. The Sandys faction gave
glowing accounts of the great imni-
bers of people sent to Virginia under
their management. They said " that
on the 18. Dec. 1618, there were only
600 people remaining alive in Vir-
ginia of near 2,000 that had been sent
there, and that between the 18. Dec',
1618, and 28. June, 1623, about 5,000
were sent," etc. The old founder fac-
tion replied " that it was true, they
were sending a multitude of his Maj-
esties subjects to Virginia to starve
and to die there, before they had made
any adequate provision for receiving
so many. 'I'hey claimed that instead
of only 600 living in Va. December 18,
1618, there were at least 1,200. That
in addition to the said 5,000, there were
sent between June and December,
1623, about 300 more ; and yet in
Feby, 162 1, there were, by the census,
then only 1,277 people remaining alive
in Virginia, of whom some were born
there," and then they make the crush-
ing inquiry, " What has become of
the 5,000 missing subjects of his
Majesty ? "
These figures are terrible, for even
if only 600 persons were living in Vir-
ginia in December, 1618 ; evidently
over 4,500 were missing out of less
than 6,000 within about five years.
The rate of mortality was greatest in
those j'ears which have been pictured
to us as most prosperous. There were
two sides to the controversy, much
could be said on each side, and it may
be that neither side was entirely in the
right. Both parties probably did their
best " according to the best of their
knowledge and belief ; " but we have
no right to condemn the old merchant
founder party — who had continued to
labor at a very great expense to them-
selves, without any prospect of a pres-
ent profit, " with a constant and pa-
tient resolution, until by the mercies
of God," they had established the col-
ony — on tlie evidence of their adver-
saries.
I shall not attempt to discuss the
matter here ; but it seems certain to
me that another issue than the man-
agement of the Va. Co. was an impor-
tant factor in causing, if not really at
the bottom of all this bitterness. In
the Parliament of 1621-22, the strong
SMITH
1017
movement, umler the leadership of Sir
Edwin Sandys, against the incorpo-
rated companies, which began in IGOl,
was pnshed forward vigorously. Tbe
Sandys party were sometimes called
Free-traders, and the other party,
Protectionists or Monopolists. Both
parties were represented in the Va.
Co. The question was largely a
" matter of life or death " with the
members of these companies, and it
was natural tliat the feeling between
them and those who wished to destroy
their business should become very
bitter.
Early in 1624, the Lords of the
Privy Council appointed Sir Thomas
Smythe governor of the S. I. Co., and
he was afterwards regularly elected
to that office by the company. He
was a member of the Royal Commis-
sion for Virginia affairs, July 15, 1624,
and continued governor of the S. I.
Co. and member of the Virginia Coun-
cil until his death.
He died September 4, 1625, at his
house at Tnnbridge, and " was buried
under a most superb monument in
Hone Church, Kent, having his effigies
at full length recumbent thereon."
The inscription is a summary of his
history : —
" To the glory of God, and to the
pious memorie of the honorable Sir
Thomas Smith, lent, (late governour of
the East Indian, Muscovia, French, and
Sommer Island companies ; treasurer
for the Virginia plantation ; prime
undertaker (in the year 1612) for that
noble designe, the discoverie of the
North- West passage ; principall com-
missioner for the London expedition
against the pirates, and for a voiage
to the ryver Senega, upon the coast of
Africa ; one of the chief commission-
ers for the navie-roial, and sometime
ambassador from His niajestie of
Great Britain to the emperour and
great duke of Russia and Muscovia,
etc.), ivho, havinge judicioudy, conscion-
ably, and with admirahle facility, man-
aged man;/ difficult and weighty affairs
to the honor and profit of this nation,
rested from his labors the 4th day of
Septem., 16::5."
" Besides many charities in London
and elsewhere, he endowed Tunbridge
school, which had been founded by
his grandfather, Sir Andrew Judd.
Among his numerous bequests, he left
funds for providing a four-penny loaf
apiece every week to thirty-six of the
poorest and honestest persons, in five
parishes, and the same number of
pieces of cloth, worth twenty shillings
each, to be made into winter garments
for the recipients of his charity."
His numerous bequests are still
annually distributed by the Skinners'
Company, of which guild he was a
member. His arnas were on the north
window of Old Temple Hall, Faring-
don Ward Without. " Az. a chevron
engrailed between three Lions passant
gardant, Or." This was the hall of
the Knights Templars, and afterwards
of the Hospitallers.
Sir Tliomas Smythe was nearly re-
lated to the Cromwells, and was de-
scended from Sir Robert Chicheley,
Lord Mayor of London, eldest brother
of Henry Chicheley, Archbishop of
Canterbury, founder of All Souls, Ox-
ford.
He was thrice married, first, to
Judith, daughter and heir of Richard
Culverwell, Esq. (no issue) (see under
Dr. William Whitaker), secondly
(name unknown to me), and, thirdly,
to Sarah, daughter to William Blount,
Esq. (and sister to Judith Bloiuit, who
married Sir Thomas Chaloner), by
whom he had two sons, John and
Thomas, both of wlioni were members
of the Va. Co. in 1612 ; but Thomas
died before Xovember, 1(>18. After
the death of Sir Thomas, his widow,
the Lady Sarah Smythe, married,
April 25, 1626, Robert Sidney, first
Earl of Leicester (being his second
wife).
"Young Sir John Smythe, whose
marriage in November, 1618, gave
so much trouble, left a son, Robert
Smvthe, who married, July 8, 1652,
Lady Dorothy Sydney (the poet Wal-
ler's ' Sacharissa '), daughter of Rob-
ert, second Earl of Leicester, widow of
Henrj-, first Earl of Sunderland, and
by that earl mother of Robert, second
Earl, lineal ancestor of tiie present
Duke of Marlborough." This branch
of the family terminated with Sir Syd-
ney-Stafi^ord Smythe, chief baron of
the Exchequer in 1772, who died in
1777, s. p. " The line of the senior
branch of the family became extinct
with that accomplished geographer,
1018
SMITH — SOMERS.
the eighth Viscount Strangford, who
was vice-president of the Royal Geo-
graphical Society, and died in 1869."
Smith, Thomas, son of Sir Thomas
(the treasurer), 3. The second son ;
he died young, before 1618.
Smith, Sir Thomas. "Clerk of
our privy Council ; " " born in Abing-
don, and bred in the University of
Oxford ; " " secretary to Robert, Earl
of Essex, and afterwards one of the
Clerks of the Lord's Council ; "
knighted at Greenwich, May 20, 1603 ;
appointed the king's Latin secretary,
June 8, 1603 ; " Secretary and Keeper
of the Signet to the Council of the
North ; " " Clerk to the Upper House
of Parliament ; " " Master of the Re-
quests." M. C. for Va., March 9,
1607, " and was on the road to higher
preferment," when he died, November
28, 1609, at his house at Parson's
Green, and was buried at Fulham,
where liis lady erected a monument
to perpetuate his mevnory. He mar-
ried Frances, daughter of William
Brydges, fourth Lord Chandos ; she
married, secondly, Thomas Cecil, first
Earl of Exeter.
Writing of this Sir Thomas Smith,
Dr. Fuller says : " God and himself
raised him to the eminency he attained
unto, unbefriended with any extrac-
tion." His only child, Margaret, mar-
ried the Hon. Thomas Carey, the sec-
ond son of Robert Carey, Earl of
Monmouth ; after Carey's death she
married, secondly. Sir Edward Her-
bert.
" This Sir Thomas Smith left a con-
siderable sum of money to the library
at Oxford, founded by his friend and
neighbor, Sir Thomas Bodlev."
Smith, Sir William, of "Essex, 3.
Sub. £37 10s ; pd. £50. Of Hill Hall ;
nephew and, finally, heir to the cele-
brated Sir Tiiomas Smith, secretary of
state to Fldward VL and Elizabeth,
who died witlioiit issue in 1577.
This Sir William was a colonel in
the army in Ireland ; married, in 1590,
Bridget, daughter of Thomas Fleet-
wood, Esq., of The Vache, County
Bucks ; knighted at Theobald's, May
7, 1603; M. P. for Aylesbury, 1604-11;
died December 12, 1626, aged 76. The
family name is now spelled Sniijth.
Smith, Sir "William, of London.
Sub. ; pd. £4:5. March 7, 1619,
he transferred to Mr. Nicholas Ferrar,
the younger, two shares of land in
Virginia.
Soame (or Soane), Joseph, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Soame, Sir Steven, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Second son of
Thomas Soame, of Boteley, alias
Betely, in the County of Norfolk ;
born about 1544 ; alderman of Cheap
ward, and sheriff in 1598; mayor of
the staple in London for almost twenty
years ; Lord Mayor of London, 1598-
99 ; knighted April 25, 1599 ; M. P.
for London, 1601 ; on the committee
to meet King James, 1603 ; master of
the Grocers; senior alderman in 1618 ;
died May 23, 1619, aged 75, and was
buried at Little Thurlow in Suffolk,
where his monument records his good
deeds.
Soda, Anthony, grocer. He was
a churchwarden of St. Michael's, Corn-
hill, in 1588, and for many years after.
Somers, Sir George, 1. Sub. ;
pd. . Of Dorsetshire ; but he
bore the same arms, and tradition as-
signs him to the Somers famil}' of
White Ladies, County Worcester, an-
cestors of Earl Somers. Sil. Jourdan,
writing in 1610, says he was then
" three score yeares at the least."
General Lefroy, in his " Memorials of
the Bermudas," says, " Summers, as
his name is spelt in the parish register,
was born of respectable parents, in or
near Lyme Regis (Dorsetshire) in
1554. He commanded naval expedi-
tions in 1595-1600, and in the two fol-
lowing years." In 1596 Capt. Amias
Preston and himself made their victo-
rious voyage to the West Indies.
October 29, 1597, Sir Walter Ralegh,
Lord Thomas Howard, and the Lord
Montjoy wrote to Essex : " Wee have
this Saterday night receved the
cumfortabell ncwse of George Sum-
mers' arivall, whose letter we have
here witliall sent your Lordshipp."
He was knighted at Whitehall, July
23, 1603.
Thomas Winter, M. A., wrote a soa
SOMERS — SOMERSET
1019
net to him in 1604 ; M. P. for Lyme
Regis in Dorsetshire, March 19, 1604,
to February, 1610, wlien his seat was
declared vacant, on acconnt of his
absence in Virginia; Jnne, 1609, sailed
for Virginia ; July '28, wrecked on the
Bermudas or Somers Islands ; May
10, 1610, sailed from there for Virginia;
May 23 arrived in Va. ; June 7, aban-
doning the colony, was met by Lord
De la Warr, and turned back ; June
19 sailed for the Bermudas to obtain
a supply of pork for Virginia. Was
carried by the current to our New
England coast ; but finally reached the
Somers Lslands, and died there No-
vember 9, 1610, " of a surfeit in eat-
ing of a pig." His heart was buried in
the island, and " his cedar ship at
last with liis dead body arrived at
Whitchurch in Dorsetshire, where by
his friends he was honourablv buried,
with many vollies of shot, and the rites
of a souldier, and upon his tonibe was
bestowed this epitaph : —
" ' Alas Virginia's Summer so soone past,
Autumne succeeds and stormy winter's blast,
Yet England's joyfull Spring with joyfull show-
ers,
O Florida, shall bring thy sweetest Flowers.' "
His remains reached England after
February 28, 1611, probably about
July 26, 1611, on which day the inquest
was held.
" From the Record Office, London,
luquisitio post mortem. Inquest taken
at Dorchester, July 26 (9th James)
before George Estmont, gent., es-
cheator of the King : — Sir George
Somers, Knight, was seized before his
death in demesne & in fee of the
Manor of Upwey alias Waybay House,
with its members and appurtenances,
in Co. Dorset, &c. &c. Of one Mes-
suage or Mansion house, called the
manor of Orchard, in the parish of
Whitechurche [canonicorum] Dorset,
&e. &c. Of a Capital Messuage or
Mansion house and farm of the Manor
of Berne [in Whitechurch] Dorset, &c.
&c. Of a capital messuage or tenement
in Marsh wood [in Whitechurch] Dor-
set, &c. &c. Of three messuages in
Lyme Regis, held by Sir George So-
mers and Johanna his wife of the
Mayor & Burgesses of Lyme Regis."
Extract from Sir George Somer's
will : " I, the said Geo. Somers do
give and bequeath to Mathew Somers
and his heirs all that capital messuage
or farm called Waybay House in the
parish of Upwaye, all lands &c. called
Orcherd in the parish of Whitechurch,
a messuage or tenement called Har-
per's tenement, in the parish of IMersh-
wood and the ground or common at
the hill, purchased from Richard Mal-
lack gent, adjoining other lands called
Berne in the parish of Whitechurch,
and all other lands not bequeath, to
Mathew Somers and his heirs for-
ever."
" Sir Geo. Somers died 9th of No-
vember last. Nicholas Somers, gent,
his cousin and heir. Lady Johanna
his wife is still living at White-
church."
This document is headed "Libatfuit
in Cur. xxiiij die Novr. anno R. Jacobi,
Anglie &^c decimo, p. manua Rici War-
man," I suppose Libut stands for Li-
beratum, i. e., " It tvas delivered in court
24 Nov. in the 10th year of James, Sfc.
(1612) by the hands of Richard War-
man."
It will be noted that Matthew not
Nicholas is mentioned in the extract
from the will incorporated in the in-
quisition, and that the enrollment of
the document was delayed from July,
1611, to November 24, 1612. There
was probably a dispute over the will
between Nicholas, the heir-at-law, and
Matthew Somers, who was with Sir
George when he died, and he may have
been accused of using some illegal
means to obtain a will in his favor.
Somers, Master (Matthew). He
arrived in England, as before said,
with the body of Sir George Somers,
in 1611. In 1622 he has a dispute
with the Va. and S. I. companies, re-
garding the estate of Sir George So-
mers. (See Neill's " Va. Co. of Lon-
don," pp. -5.3-61.)
Somerset, Earl of. — Robert Carr.
Somerset, Edw^ard, Earl of
Worcester. Fourth Earl, succeeded
his father William, third Earl, on
February 21, 1589; N. W. P. Co , 1612;
died March 3, 1628 ; married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Francis, Earl of
Huntingdon, and had several children.
Ancestor of the Duke of Beaufort.
1020
SONDES — SPELMAN
Sondes, Sir Michael, 2. Sub.
; pd. . (Ancestor of Sir
George Sondes, Bart., of Lees Court,
County Kent, created Earl of Fever-
sham in 1670.) He was M. P. for
Qneenborong-!i in 1588-89 ; knighted
at Greenwieh, June 18, 1598 ; M. P.
for Queenborougli again in 1597-98,
in 1601, and in 1604-11 ; M. C. for
Va. Co., May 23, 1609, and possibly
died soon after. The records of the
Va. Co. show that he died before 1619.
In 159i " the present state of
Spaine, translated out of French,"
was dedicated to his son, Richard
Sondes, vvdiich Richard was afterwards
knighted, and married Catherine,
daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward.
The family names Sandys and
Sondes are often confused.
Soto, Fernando De. Born about
1500 ; served vv'ith distinction under
Pizarro in Peru. The Va. Co. made
a study of las expedition to Florida
(see LXXXiV.). He rea,ched Espir-
itu Santo Bay, Florida, May 25, l^o9,
with 570 men and 223 horses, well
equipped ; was so fortunate as to find
an interpreter in " Juau Ortiz, a Span-
iard, who had lived twelve years
among the Floridians ; " his life hav-
ing been twice saved by a favorite
daughter of the Indian chief. Win-
tered at Apalache, Florida ; left
Marcli 3, 1540, going northeastward ;
reached "Cutisachiqui " [Coosawhat-
ehie], some two days' journey from
St. Helena, late in April ; on the 3d
of May, marched northward to the
golden country of "Yupaha" [Unaka
or Smoky Mountains]; reached "Cha-
laque " [Cherokee] about the 10th of
May, and continuing northward, passed
near the celebrated Ducktown Copper-
mines, crossed the mineral belt of the
Appalachian Range, and about the last
of May came to "Canasaqua" [Cana-
saga, Polk County, Tenn. ?] ; June 5,
they arrived at " the island city of
Chiaha " [the Chica-maugatown on the
island in the Tennessee River, below
Chattanooga], " which was subject to
tlie Lord of Cosa," whose country was
along the headwaters of the Coosa
River of Alabama. Soto remained at
" the island city " thirty days, and then
went southward to winter down the
Tennessee River ; thence through the
Coosa country ; " the jirovinees of
Tallise " [Tallassee], and " Tascaluca "
[Tuscaloosa, Alabama] to " Mavilla ; "
but I ouly wish to give an outline of
his route through the eastern part of
our country ; it is not to my purpose
to follow him farther in his westward
way. He died in Louisiana near the
mouth of tlie Red River, May 21,
1542. About 300 survivors under
Moscoso sailed from the mouth of the
Mississippi, July IS, 1543. Having
spent over ft)ur yeai's in exploi-ing the
Southern, Middle, and Western States,
they left a few horses, a few hogs,
many Indian children who coidd speak
the Spanish tongue, and several of
their own men, who remained behind
having Indian wives.
W^hen we consider the habits of
these 570 men during these four years,
we may be assured that our forefa-
thers met many an Indian "on the
dark and bloody ground," who might
count among his ancestors some
grandee of Spain.
Southampton, Earl of. — Henry
W^riotheslcy.
Southv^ricke, John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Sparrow, Steven, merchant-tailor,
2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £75. Janu-
ary 31, 1620, Steven Sparrow trans-
ferred one share in Virginia to John
Hope.
Speckart, Abraham, 3. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Spelman, Henry. Third son of
Sir Henry Spelman of Congham, Nor-
folk, England (1562-1 G41); the distin-
guished antiquary and historian; treas-
urer of the Gruiana Company, and one
of the Council for New England.
Henry, the son, was baptized in 1595;
landed in Virginia in August, 1609 ;
was sold to the Indians soon after,
and lived with them until December,
1610. He returned to England with
Lord DelaW^arr in March,"l611; but
afterwards went back to Virginia,
where he was enqiloyed as interpreter
to the colony in 1()16. In 1618 he
•was again in England, but returned to
JOHfJ WHITSON
Mnyor of Bristol
SPENCER
1021
Virginia on board the Treasurer in that
year. He " knew most of the kings
of that country, and spake their
Languages very understandingly."'
(Howes' Abridgment.) In August,
1619, he was tried by the House of
Burgesses for speaking disparagingly
of Governor Yardly to Opocancauo,
and degraded from his office as inter-
preter, etc. He was trading with the
Indians along the Potomac at the time
of the massacre in March, 1622 ; and
about one year after, on March 23,
1623, he was killed by the Anacostan
Indians, probably near the present site
of Washington, D. C.
^^^:^/^^^Ai
^<S>2.
Spencer, Edward, esquire. Fourth
son of Robert Lord Spencer. He was
seated at Boston in Middlesex ; M. P.
for Brackley, 1621-22, 1624-25, and
1625, and for ^Middlesex, 1626 ;
knighted at Hampton Court, Decem-
ber 27, 1625; died February 11, 1655,
aged 61.
Spencer, John, clothworker. A
native of Waldingfield, Suffolk.
Queen Elizabeth gave him the Manor
of Canonbury, and visited him there
in 1581 ; sheriff of London, 1583 ;
on the committee to consult with Car-
liell about planting a colony to the
southwest of Cape Breton in America,
1583 ; alderman of Langbourn ward,
1587 ; lord mayor, 1594-95; knighted
1595 ; a leading member of the Rus-
sia and Turkey companies ; an incor-
porator of the E. I. Co., 1600 ; presi-
dent of St. Bartholomew's Hospital,
1603-10; died March 3, 160i9, and
was buried in St. Helen's Bishops-
gate, where a tomb is erected to his
memory. He was known as " Rich
Spencer." His only daughter and
heir married, in 1594, William Lord
Compton.
Spencer, Sir Richard, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. . Of Hertfordshire ;
fourth son of Sir John Spencer of
Althorp, and uncle of Robert Lord
Spencer ; knighted at Theobald's, May
7, 1603 ; ambassador to Holland ; M.
P. for Brackley, 1604-11; died in No-
vember, 1624.
Spencer, Robert Lord, 3. Sub.
; pd. £33 6s. 8d. Sheriff of
Northamptonshire in the forty-thiid
year of Elizabeth, before which time
he had received the honor of knight-
hood, and when King James ascended
the throne, was reputed to have by
him the most money of any person in
England. Ben Jonson alludes to him
in the lines, —
" Who since Thamyra did die,
Hath not brook'd a lady's eye,
Nor aUow'd about liis place
Any of the female race."
The grief of Sir Robert Spencer,
for the loss of his beloved consort,
Margaret, daughter of Sir Francis
Willoughby, thus beautifully alluded
to, was no poetic fiction. He lost her
in August, 1597 ; but though he sur-
vived her thirty years, he never made
a second choice. He was created
Baron Spencer of Wormleighton, July
21, 1603. The records of the times
gave him a very high character, being
spoken of as " The old Roman chosen
Dictator," seldom leaving his farm
save when called to the Senate. Dur-
ing the debates in Parliament, 1621,
relating to the king's powder and pre-
rogative, this Lord Spencer, standing
up boldly for the public liberty (with
the Earls of Oxford, Southampton,
Essex, and Warwick), made some allu-
sion to the past, and the Earl of Arun-
del replying thereto, said, " My lord,
when these things were doing, your an-
cestors were keeping sheep," to which
the Lord Spencer, with a spirit and
quickness of thought peculiar to him,
innnediately answered, " When my
ancestors were keeping sheep (as you
say), your ancestors were plotting
treason." So says Wilson's " Hist, of
Great Britain," London, 1653, p. 163 ;
but see the more correct account
given at length in Gardner's " Hist,
of England," London, 1886, vol. iv.
pp. 114-116. Lord Spencer died Oc-
tober 25, 1627, and was buried in great
splendor with his ancestors at Bring-
ton. His son William married Penel-
ope, daughter of Henry Wriothesley,
Earl of Southampton. " Lord Spencer
was the great friend of the Washing-
tons of Sulgrave," ancestors of Gen.
George Washington.
Spencer, Varion, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
1022
SPERT — STANHOPE
Spert (or Perte), Thomas. Of
an old Bristol family ; master of the
Mary Rose ; founded the Trinity
House in 1512, and it was incorpo-
rated in 1514 (the disputed voyage
with Cabot, 1517) ; master of the
Harry Grace de Dieu in which great
ship Henry VIII. sailed to Calais in
May, 1520, on his way to the Field of
the Cloth of Gold ; knighted by Henry
VIII. at York Place in 1529 ; died
September 8, 1541, and was buried in
the chancel of Stepney Church. His
first memorial having been lost, the
Trinity House erected another in 1622.
Spinola, Benedict. Second son
of Baptist Spinola, an eminent mer-
chant of Genoa, who in 1556 refused
the dukedom of his native city. Bene-
dict came to Loudon, where his friend,
Horatio Fallavicino, and himself were
sometime known as Queen Elizabeth's
bankers.
The Society of Antiquaries, Lon-
don, have a very curious broadside:
" An Epitaph upon the death of the
WorshipfuU Maister Benedict Spinola,
Merchant of Genoa and free Denizon
of England, who dyed on Tuesday the
12. of Julie, 1580."
Spranger, Henry, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Springham, Matthias, merchant-
tailor, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. He
was one of those selected by the lord
mayor and citizens of London in 1613
to go over and examine the Irish
plantation. He died in 1620, and was
buried at Richmond, England.
Sprint, Gregory, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. £37 10s.
Spruson (see Pruson), Hilde-
brand, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £59
9s. 9d. " November 3, 1610, grant to
Hildebrand Prosen of the office of
Merchant in the East for furnishing
the King's ships, for life." The Cal-
endar of State Papers, Domestic,
1611-1618, p. 613, mention some trou-
ble incurred by two of his ships, in
the West Indies, with the Spaniards ;
but the date of the paper is uncertain.
February 27, 1622, he transferred one
of his shares in Virginia to Thomas
Pemble.
Stacy, Thomas. Pd. £25.
Stafford. See Stratford.
Stallenge, William, gent., 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Merchant of
Plvmouth ; M. P. for Plymouth in
1597-98 and 1601 ; January 5, 1607,
licensed for twenty-one years to print
a book called " Instructions for the
planting and increase of Mulberry
trees, breeding of Silkworms, and
making of Silk ; " January 23, 1608,
licensed to import mulberry seeds,
and to set the same in any part of the
realm, for increase and better breed-
ing of silkworms.
Howes, in his Chronicle, writing
imder 1609, says, " Albeit this is the
first publique notice of keeping
wormes and making silke in England,
yet true it is that many years past
there were divers industrious gentle-
men that kept wormes and made good
silke, amongst which of late years,
William Staledge, Comptroller of the
Custome house, hath taken ingenious
paynes in breeding wormes and mak-
ing of fine silk for all uses ; he had a
patent for seven years to bring mul-
berry seed, and this year he and Mon-
sieur Verton by order from the king
planted Mulberry trees in most shires
of England." The state papers con-
tain several warrants to pay him sev-
eral sums for planting mulberry trees
for the king near Westminster Palace
and elsewhere.
Stanhope, John, Lord, 2. Sub.
; pd. £50. Third son of Sir
Michael Stanhope, who was beheaded
on Tower Hill, February 25, 1553 ;
married, first, Joan, daughter and heir
of William Knollys, but by her had no
issue. On February 13, 1589, he was
one of the sponsors of Ann West (see
pedigree). May 6, 1589, he married,
secondly, Margaret, daughter of Henry
Mc Williams, Esq., one of the queen's
gentlemen pensioners. June 20, 1590,
he was appointed master of the posts,
succeeding Thomas Randolph, who had
held that office from about 1566, and
who is said to have been the first post-
master-general (then called " master
of the posts ") of England. He was
knighted in 1596, and the same year
was constituted treasurer of the cham-
ber for life, and in 1600, constable of
the Castle of Colchester for life ; M.
P. for the County of Northampton in
1601. On the accession of King
James, he was continued vice-cham-
berlain, sworn of his Privy Council, and
appointed by act of Parliament, in the
STANLEY — STEWKLEY
1023
first year of his reign (1603) one of
the commissioners to treat of a union
with Scotland ; and afterwards by let-
ters patent, May 4, IGUo, was advanced
to the dignity of a baron of the realm
as Lord Stanhope of Harrington. July
26, 1607, grant to John Lord Stan-
hope, and Charles, his son, of the ofKce
of postmaster in England, for life ;
M. C. for Va. Co., May 23, 1609.
He continued in his office of \'ice-
chamberlain till 1616, when he resigned
it to Sir John Digby. He died March
9, 1620.
Stanley. See Vere-Stanley.
Stannard, "William, innholder, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Son of Thomas
Stannard, of Bourne in the County of
Cambridge. He married Martha Gard-
ner, of Jeningses Bery, Com. Hartford.
Stapers (Staples), Hewet, cloth-
worker, 3. Sub. £60 ; pd. £77 10s.
Second son of Richard Stapers or
Staples (next); was a member of the
E. I. and N. W. P. companies, etc.
Stapers (Staples), Richard, mer-
chant, 2. Sub. ;pd. £37 10s. A
native of Plymouth ; came to London,
married Dionise, daughter of Thomas
Hewett, of London, gent. ; entered into
a partnership with Edward Osborne ;
they were leading members of the
Rus. or Mus. Co., and trafficked over
Europe, Asia, and Africa. In 1581
they were the leading incorporators
and directors of the Turkey Company.
In February, 1583, they sent out the
first overland expedition from Eng-
land to the East Indies, and in the same
year Stapers was one of the committee
appointed by the Rus. Co. to consult
with Capt. Christopher Carlisle in re-
gard to the proposed colony to the
southwest of Cape Breton, on our
coast. Osborne died in 1591 ; but
Stapers continued his interest in com-
mercial affairs, and was one of the in-
corporators and directors of the E. I.
Co., December 31, 1600. He lies in
"a very goodly Tomb," says Stow,
" erected in the wall on the South side
of the Church of St. Martin's Outwich,
Broadstreet ward, London, having this
inscription : —
" ' Here resteth the Body of the
Worshipful Mr. Rich. Staper, elected
Alderman of this city, 1594. He was
the greatest Merchant in his time ; the
chiefest Actor in discovery of the
Trades of Turkey and East India :
A Man humble in prosperity, painful
and ever ready in the Affairs publick,
and discreetly careful of his private.
A liberal House-Keeper, bountiful to
the Poor : an upright Dealer in the
World, and a devout Aspirer after the
World to Com?. Much blest in his
Posterity, and happy in his and their
Alliances. He dyed the last day of
June, An. Dom. 1608. Intravit ut
exiret.' "
Sterling, Earl of. — William Alex-
ander.
Stevens, Thomas, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Attorney to
Henry, Prince of Wales ; of the
Middle Temple, esquire ; X. W. P.
Co., 1612.
Stevyard, Augustine, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Married
Anne, aunt of Sir Samuel Argall (see
Argall pedigree). December 15, 1619,
he assigned to Sir Henry Jones his
three shares in Virginia ; owned the
site of the monastery. Barking Abbey,
granted to him by King James iu
1605 ; died in 1628.
Stewkley (Stukely, etc.). Sir
Thomas, 3. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s.
(Of Sussex ; knighted at the Char-
terhouse, May 11, 1603?) Son of
Hugh Stewkley, of Marsh in Somer-
setshire, and his wife Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Richard Chamberlain. Sir
Thomas married Elizabeth, daughter
of John Goodwin, Esq., and was living
in 1627 ; a nephew of John Chamber-
lain's, and mentioned in his will.
Ste'wkley (or Stuckley, etc.),
Captain Thomas. A younger son of
Sir Lewis Stukely, of Ilfracombe in
Devonshire, and a most noted charac-
ter of the age in which he lived; went
to London early in life ; visited the
court of Henry II. of France in 1551
with Robert Dudley, afterwards Earl
of Leicester ; was, perhaps, in Wyatt's
insurrection, 1553-54 ; buccaneering
on the coast of Ireland about 1555 ;
determined to be a prince before he
died ; resolved to settle a province in
Florida in 1563 ; but he made " the
sea his Florida," and turned the en-
terprise into a buccaneering expedi-
tion against French and Spanish ves-
sels ; went to Ireland and fought by
the side of Shane O'Neill against the
Scots at Bally Castle; from Ireland to
1024
STILE — STUAKT
Spain ; from Spain to Rome ; com-
manded a ship in the great naval
battle of Lepanto, October 7, 1571 ;
sailed on an expedition to conquer Ire-
land for the Pope ; but joined King
Sebastian, and fell figliting by his
side at Alcazarquivir, September '22,
1578.
Stile (Style), Humphrey, grocer,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Sou of Nich-
olas Style ; was baptized at St, Mary
Wooluoth, November 1, 1581; sworn a
free brother by patrimony to the Gro-
cers, November 13, 1605, and admitted
to the livery in 1G09.
Stile (or Style), Nicholas, grocer.
Father of the above Humphrey; was
the son of Sir Humfrey Style, of Lang-
ley, Kent ; baptized there, January
12, 1545-46 ; a churchwarden of St.
Mary Woolnoth in 1588 ; an alder-
man of London ; died November 16,
1615, and was buried in St. Margaret,
Lothbury, London. He was a bene-
factor of the Grocers' company.
Stile (or Style), Thomas. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £62 10s. Of the E. I. Co.;
on the Virginia Commission, July 15,
1624 ; of Lincoln's Inn ; one of the
captains of the city of London in 1633.
He married Martha, fourth daughter
of Sir Maurice Abbott.
Stockley (or Stokeley), John,
merchant-tailor, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £50. Of the E. I. Co.
Stoddard, Sir Nicholas, 3. Sub.
; -pd. . Of Kent ; knighted
at Whitehall, July 23, 1603.
Stokes, John, fishmonger, 2. Sub.
; pd. £62 10s.
Stokes, Thomas. Pd. £12 10s.
Stone, George. Pd. £12 10s.
Stone, William. Of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies.
" As the Earth tlie Earth doth cover.
So under this Stone lyes another," etc.
Extract from his monument.
StOTve, John. Antiquary and his-
torian ; born 152.5 ; died 1605.
Strachey, William, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. "One of The Graies-
Inne Societe." Sailed from England
in June, and was wrecked on the Ber-
mudas in July, 1609 ; reached Vir-
ginia in May, 1610; was secretary and
recorder there ; left in the summer of
1611, reaching England about the last
of October in that year; edited CXC,
December, 1611; wrote CCXVI., 1612;
still living in 1618. I believe him to
be the William Strachey, of Saffron
Walden, who was married in 1588, and
was alive in 1620, whose son or grand-
son, of the same name, came to Vir-
ginia in the Temperance in 1620, and
was living in 1625, on Hog Island,
aged 17. In CXXXV. Strachey men-
tions having been " on the coast of
Barbary and Algiers, in the Levant,"
etc.
'Z0^fC^^:OK ftra. cA
2?
Stradling, Sir John, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Related to the Pophams ;
son of Francis Stradling, who resided
at St. George's, near Bristol, by his
wife Mary, daughter of Bartholomew
Mitchel, Esq. ; educated at Oxford,
and took his degree in arts as a mem-
ber of Magdalen Hall in 1583, " being
then accounted a Miracle for his for-
wardness in Learning and Pregnancy
of Parts ; " author of " De Vita et
Morte Contemnenda," 1597 ; " Epi-
grammata," 1607 ; knighted May 15,
1608 ; created a baronet, May 21,
1611 ; sheriff of Glamorgan, 1620 ;
published " Beatifici Pacifici: a Divine
Poem," in 1623 ; M. P. for St. Ger-
mans, 1624-25 ; published " Divine
Poems : in seven several Classes,"
1625 ; M. P. for Glamorgan, 1626 ;
died September 9, 1637.
Stratford, Earl of. — Thomas Went-
worth.
Stratford (see Stafford), Rich-
ard, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £75.
" Receiver in the principality of North
AVales."
Strode, Sir "William, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Newnham, Devon;
M. P. for Devon, 1597 ; for Plvmpton,
1601, 1604-11, and 1621-22; f Jr Plym-
outh, 1614 ; and for Devon again,
1624-25 ; will proved Februarv" 20,
1638. He was the father of AVilliam
Strode, one of " the famous five mem-
bers."
Strongarm — Strongtharm —
Strong - in - Arm — Armstrong,
Richard, ironmonger, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £100. Of E. i. Co.
Stuart, Queen Anne. Daughter
of Frederick II., King of Denmark,
and wife of James I. of England ;
STUART
1025
died March 2, 1619. The Rappahan-
nock River is named for her, in
CLVIII. (map) and Cape Ann, Mas-
sachusetts.
Stuart, Prince Charles. The sec-
ond son of James 1. ; afterwards
Charles I. ; horn November ID, 1000 ;
crowned February 2, 1023 ; beheaded
January 30, 1049. Cape Charles was
named for him ; also Charles City
(now " City Point "), and the present
Charles City County iu Virginia, and
Charles River in Massachusetts. He
gave the English names on Smith's
map of New England (CCCLIV.).
Stuart, Princess dizabeth. The
eldest daughter of James I. ; born
August 19, 1590 ; married February
14:, 1013 ; Queen of Bohemia, 1019 ;
exile after the battle of Prague, No-
vember 9, 1620; widow, 1632; settled
in England, 1600, and died in Loudon
February 13, 1662. From ■whom the
present royal line of England. The
Potomac is named for her, in CLVIII.
(map) " Elizabeth River." On May 17,
1620, the Virginia Council published a
broadside to be sent to America, from
which I extract : " First, we ordaine
and require, that in convenient time,
after the sight and publication hereof,
the foure ancient generall Burroughs,
called James City, Henrico, Charles
City, and Kicowtan (which hereafter
shall be called Elizabeth City, by the
name of his Maiesties most vertuous
and renowned daughter), as also the
other severall particular Plantations,"
etc. I suppose that " Cape Elizabeth,"
on Smith's map of New England was
also named for her.
Stuart, Prince Henry, merchant-
tailor. Eldest son of James I. ; born
at Stirling Castle, February 19, 1594;
baptized August 30, 1594, with the
first Protestant baptismal rites ever
administered to a prince in Grea*t
Britain ; created Prince of ^Yales,
May 30, 1610. Interested in sliips
and naval aifairs, commerce, and dis-
coveries, and especially in the coloni-
zation of America by the English ;
made a study of the West Indies, and
Sir Charles Cornwallis says, " It was
his exjiressed desire, if the King his
father should on any occasion think
proper to break with Spain, that he
would himselfe, if his Majesty would
permit, undertake the execution of the
attempt against the Spanish posses-
sions in America." Among his ser-
vants were tiie celebrated mathemati-
cian, Edward Wright, Phineas Pett,
the shipbuilder, and Solomon de Caus,
whom Arago regarded as the inventor
of the "machine k feu" (steam-en-
gine). The prince was a friend to Ra-
legh, who wrote for him, " Of the Art
of War by Sea," "Of a Maritime Voy-
age, with the Passages and Incidents
therein," and his " General History of
the World." He had a little quiet
humor, and, iu 1611, was the patron of
Coryat's " Crudities, Hastily gobled
up in five Moneths travells iu France,
Savoy," etc.; with engravings by W.
Hole, and poems by many, in a high
panegyric style ; and I am not at all
sui'e but that some of the same ideas
obtained in the bringing forth of
Smith's " New England " in 1616, to
which his brother. Prince Charles, was
the patron.
Henry, Prince of Wales died of
typhoid fever, to the great grief of the
whole nation " on Friday, November
6, 1612, between 7 and 8 a clocke at
night," and was buried in Westminster
Abbey. The prince's chaplain. Dr.
Daniel Price, preached a sermon in
the chapel December 0, and George
Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury,
preached his funeral sermon iu the
Abbey December 7, 1012. Cape
Henry was named for him in 1007 ;
the York River was named for him in
1007 or 1008 ; the city of Henricus or
Henricopolis (in the bend of James
River at Dutch Gap) was named for
him in 1011, and tlie old county of
Henrico at a later day.
The sorrow at the death of this
prince was very great. At the Uni-
versity of Oxford, Dr. William Good-
win preached a funei-al sermon ;
Richard Corbet delivered a funeral
oration, and the university afterwards
published a collection of Memorial
Verses. At the University of Cam-
bridge, the sermon was preached by
Dr. Valentine Cary ; the oration de-
livered by Francis Nethersole, and
another collection of Memorial Verses
was published by this university ; and
still another by Magdalen College in
Oxford ; and Dr. Leonel Sharpe pub-
lished likewise a funeral oration in
Latin. The following noets wrote
1026
STUART
elegies: Sir William Alexander, Robert
Allyne, Lord Bacon, Dominic Baudius,
of Leydeii, Christopher Brooke, Wil-
liam Browne, George Chapman, Alex-
ander Craig, John Donne, William
Drummond, Thomas Heyward, Hugh
Holland, James Maxwell, Walter
Quinn, Joshua Sylvestei*, William
Rowley, John Taylor, Cyril Tourneur,
John Warde, John Webster, George
AVither, etc.
Stuart, King James, clothworker.
The first of the Stuart line of the kings
of England, was born in Edinburgh
Castle, June 19, 1566 ; succeeded his
mother, Mary Queen of Scots, as
King of Scotland, July 24, 1567, and
was crowned at Stirling, July 29.
Married Anne of Denmark, November
24, 1589 ; endeavored to restore peace
in Europe in 1590 ; proclaimed King
of England on the death of Queen
Elizabeth, March 24, and was crowned
at Westminster, July 25, 1603 ; Hamp-
ton Court conference, January 14-17,
1604, which resulted in a new transla-
tion of the Bible. He favored mer-
chants, and enlarged the privileges of
the East India, the Muscovy, the Tur-
key, and the Merchant Adventurers
companies in 1604 ; granted first char-
ter to the Va. companies, April 10,
1606 ; articles, orders, etc., for the Va.
colonies, November 20, 1606; an ordi-
nance and constitution, etc., for said
colonies, March 9, 1607 ; Jamestown
and James River were rightly named
for him, 1607 ; in 1609, on April 11,
opened the new exchange ; May 3, or-
dered merchandise, etc. , for Virginia
to go duty free ; May 11, granted a
more ample charter to the E. I. Co. ;
May 23, granted a more ample charter
to the South Va. Co., and in October
encouraged the formation of a com-
pany to trade with France ; May 2,
1610, granted a charter to the N. Fid.
Co. In 1611 the new translation of
the Bible was dedicated to him (read
"The Epistle Dedicatory"). March
12, 1612, granted a third charter with
increased privileges to the Va. Co. ;
July 26, 1612, granted a charter to the
N. W. P. Co.; March 29, 1613, granted
a charter to the Irisli Society of Lon-
don for settling plantations at London-
derry, etc.; March 30, 1613, granted a
more ample charter to the Rus. Co. ;
August 28, 1613, granted a charter for
an English plantation in Guiana, South
America ; June 29, 1615, granted a
charter to the B. I. Co. ; August 26,
1616, license to Sir Walter Ralegh to
make a voyage to South America; No-
vember 16, 1618, granted a charter for
trading to Africa ; November 3, 1620,
granted a charter to the New England
Colony ; December 31, 1622, gianted
a charter for a plantation in Avalon
(Newfoundland). In the factions of
the Va. Co. of London, he favored the
merchant party, as "he conceived
merchants to be fittest, for the man-
agement of such undertakings, because
of their experience and skill in staple
commodities," etc. I believe that he
showed good judgment in this opinion,
as well as in the selection of the men
whom he proposed to the company for
the offices of treasurer and deputy.
He was a constant friend to the col-
onies. He agreed to the treaty for
the Spanish marriage in July, 1623 ;
broke off the treaty in December fol-
lowing, and declared war on Spain,
March 10, 1624 ; June 16, 1624, the
"charter of the company of English
Merchants trading to Virginia" was
declared by Chief Justice Lee to be
null and void, and the colony was
taken immediately under the protec-
tion of the crown. He died at Theo-
bald's March 27, 1625, and was buried
in Westminster Abbey.
King James was a human being; he
had faults. It is said that he swore
like a trooper, hunted with hounds,
hated war, and did many things which
he ought not to have done ; but he had
some good qualities also, he loved
books, literature, arts, and peace. I
believe that he loved his country, and
to the best of his ability and judgment
tried to maintain the English Church,
to preserve peace, and to advance the
English nation by increasing trades
and traffics, by encouraging merchants,
commerce, colonization, and discover-
ies. But the king of England was of
" the bare-legged Scottish nation from
over the border," and this was " the
bitter pill " to many Englishmen.
War had been almost the only pro-
fession of princes, and it still had ad-
vocates, but imder his peaceful policy
the colonies in America and the com-
merce of East India were established.
The corner-stone of the present pros-
STUART
1027
perity of the united kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland was laid. The
onward march of the P^nglish-speaking
people over the face of the earth be-
gan. It may be that he has found but
few friends among the historians of
America, yet I am sure that America
has more cause to bless him than to
blame him.
He has been condemned for the part
taken by him in the annual elections of
the Va. Co. of London during 1620-24;
and for the character of the men rec-
ommended by him as suitable for offi-
cers of that company ; yet his active
interest in these affairs make evident
his especial and personal interest in
the success of the movement, and those
recommended by him as suitable for
officers were certainly thoroughly
qualified business men, as their sketches
in this Dictionary will prove. He is
also condemned for appointing the com-
missions of May 9, 1623, and of June
24, 1624, and for the tasks assigned to
them ; but it must now be conceded
that these acts were necessary. Both
commissions are given in Hazard's
"Historical Collections," vol. i. pp.
155-159 and 183-188. At the head of
the first was Sir William Jones, one of
the justices of the Court of Common
Pleas, a distinguished lawyer, author
of first Jones's Reports, 18 James I.
to 17 Charles I. ; and under him were
Sir Nicholas Fortescue, Sir Francis
Gofton, Sir Richard Sutton, Sir Wil-
liam Pitt, Sir Henry Bouchier, and Sir
Henry Spiller, all either auditors or
officers of the exchequer, especially
qualified for the work in hand, and all
of them disinterested ; none of them
were members of the Va. Co., or of
either faction thereof. After examin-
ing the case thoroughly they made
their report, which justified Chief
Justice James Ley (or Lee) (after-
wards Earl of Marlborough) in declar-
ing the charter, on June 16, 1624,
thenceforth null and void. And every
man, appointed by the Privy Council
on the commission of June 14 (and
July 15) 1624, " for the well-settling
of the colony of Virginia," was an ear-
nest friend of the object in view, as
their sketches in this Dictionary amply
demonstrate.
With our present knowledge of the
case, the constant care of James I. for
his American colonies is evident. It
is proven by the records, by the royal
charters, orders, commissions, etc., as
well as by the remaining contemporary
evidence compiled by the different fac-
tions in the company. It is true, the
Sandys party did not agree with him
in thinking merchants (especially those
of the E. I. Co.) the best managers for
such an enterprise, and that they dif-
fered with him in several other particu-
lars ; but I cannot find that even this
faction ever called in question, during
his life, his good will for the enterprise,
or his honesty of purpose, and in their
discourse to the Privy Council, after
his death, in the spring of 1625, they
wrote, "Amongst the many glorious
workes of the late Kinge, there was
none more eminent, than his gracious
inclination, together with ye propaga-
tion of Christian Religion, to advance
and sett forward a New Plantation in
the New World, which purpose of his
continued till the last."
His race is probably extinct in the
male line ; but continues to rule a
great part of the world in the female
lines. Among his descendants are to
be found the names of almost all the
reigning princes of Europe: the Queen
of England ; the Czar of Russia ; the
emperors of Germany and Austria ;
the kings of Spain, Italy, Denmark,
etc. (See London " Notes and Que-
ries," 6 ser. xii. pp. 251, 252.)
Stuart, Ludovic, Duke of Len-
nox. Born September 29, 1574; suc-
ceeded, on the death of his father, May
28, 1583, as second Duke of Lennox,
in Scotland ; held the high office of
great chamberlain of Scotland, as well
as high admiral, and went as ambassa-
dor from James VI. of Scotland to
Henry IV. of France ; attended King
James to England in 1603 ; N. W. P.
Co., 1612 ; made Earl of Richmond
October 6, 1613. The petition of the
second colony of Vii'ginia was referred
to the Earl of Arundel and himself,
March 3, 1620. He was the leading
incorporator of, and one of his Maj-
esty's first council for, the N. E. Co.,
November 3, 1620 ; the first signer of
the first Plymouth patent, first of June,
1621 ; an attendant on the meetings of
the New England Council, and a con-
tributor ,to tiie enterprise, 1620-24 ;
created Duke of Richmond May 17,
1028
STUAET — SUTCLIFFE
1623 ; drew lot number six on the
Massachusetts Bay, June 29, 1623 ;
died February 16, 1624, and was buried
in Westminster Abbey, April 19 fol-
lowing. His widow (she was his third
wife, and he was her third husband)
was Frances, daughter of Thomas
Howard, Viscount Bindon. She was
the patroness of Capt. John Smith's
" General History " (1624), and in his
dedication to her, after telling her how
the ladies had rescued and protected
the unconquerable warrior ("a Julius
Caesar") in Europe, Asia, and Amer-
ica, he writes, " And so verily these
my adventures have tasted the same
influence from your Gratious hand,
which hath given birth to the publica-
tion of this Narration. If therefore
your Grace shall daigne to cast your
eye on this poore Booke, view I pray
you rather your owne Bountie (without
which it had dyed in the wombe) then
my imperfections, which have no helpe
but the shrine of your glorious Name
to-be sheltered from censorious con-
demnation."
Frances Howard was born about
1578 ; married, first, Henry Prannel,
who died in 1599 ; secondly, Edward
Seymour, Earl of Hertford, who died
in 1621, and, thirdly, the Earl of
Richmond. She had no children by
either of her husbands, and was per-
haps the richest dowager in England ;
she died October 8, 1639. They moved
in different circles; but Captain Smith
and iierself were characters of the
times. He was perhaps the vainest
man and she the vainest woman in
England. One of her greatest desires
was to be famous for her bounty,
which, it is said, was sometimes only
"an airy paper-greatness." She was
known as " the double duchess " (Len-
nox and Richmond), and some wags
called her the " duchess cut upon
duchess." She vowed, after having
been the wife of so great a prince as
Richmond, never to be blown with the
kisses of a subject, and aspired to the
hand of King James. The Duke of
Brunswick went to see her ; but was
only admitted with the proviso, that
he must not oifor to kiss her ; " but
what was wanting in herself," says
Chamberlain, " was supplied in her at-
tendants and followers, who .were all
kissed over twice in less than a quarter
of an hour." Chamberlain, writing to '
Carleton in December, 1624, says, " I
cannot forget one good passage of the
Duclress of Richmond, that in discourse
of the Lady of Southampton's loss,
and how grievously she took it, she
used this argument, to prove her own
grief was the greater, ' for,' quoth she,
'I blasphemed;' a witty speech for-
sooth, and worthy to be put into the
collection of the Lord of St. Alban's -
' Apothegms,' newly set out this week."
Traces of this lady will be found
in Smith's map of Ould Virginia, as
" Lenox rocks," " Howard's Moun-
taynes," "Stuard's reach," "Hert-
ford's He," etc. And in his list of the
adventurers for Virginia, 1620, he in-
serts the name of " Edward Semer,
Earle of Hartford " (her second hus-
band) which is not found in any other
list that I have seen. I cannot find
that either of her husbands or herself
were interested in South Virginia.
Studley, Thomas. The first Cape
merchant ; died in Virginia, August
28, 1607.
Stuteville, Sir Martin. Sub. ;
pd. £40. Of Debenham Dalham, Suf-
folk ; M. P. Aldborough, 1601 ;
knighted July 21, 1604 ; a relative
and corresijondent of the Rev, Joseph
Mead.
Suffolke, Earl of. — Thomas How-
ard.
Suffolke, The Ladle. The wife
of Thomas Howard, Earl of Suffolk; a
pensioner of Spain. Bayley says,
" Members of the council attend mass,
and tell their masters' secrets to their
wives, by whom they were betrayed to
the Jesuits." None of the pensioners
were members of the Virginia councils;
but this lady's son, Lord Theophilus
Howard, was of that council.
Surry, Earl of. — Thomas Howard.
Sutcliffe, Dr. Matthew, of Exeter,
2. Sub. ;pa. £20. Educated at
Trinity College, Cambridge ; Arch-
deacon of Taunton, 1586 ; prebendary
of Exeter, 1588 ; Dean of Exeter,
October 22, 1588. His " Treatise of
Ecclesiastical Discipline," 1590, and
1591 ; " Disputatio de Presbyterio,"
1591 ; " De Catholica et Orthodoxa
Christi Eeclesia," 1592. Prebendary
of Wells, 1592. His " An Answere to
a Cei'taine Libel Supplicatorie," etc.,
1593 ; " The Practice, Proceedings,
r
SUTCLIFFE — SYl^IOXDS
1029
aud L.awes of Amies, described out of
tlie doings of most valiant and expert
Captaines, and continued botli by
ancient, aud modcrne example^, and
precedents, . . . 1593." Dedicated to
the Earl of Essex. Another of his
controversial tracts appeared in 1590 ;
three in 1599 ; one in IGOO ; one in
1603 ; two in 160(5, etc.
M. C. for Va., March 9, 1607. " He
is best known for the attempt lie made
to found at Chelsea a College of Polem-
ical Divines, to be employed in oppos-
ing the doctrines of Papists and Sec-
taries." Two of the nineteen fellows
were to be employed in recording the
chief historical events of the era,
" The first stone was laid by King
James, May 8, 1609, aud the charter
of incorporation is dated May 8, 1610.
The king, by act of Parliament, in
1609, gave the power of bringing water
by means of engines from Hackney
Marsh to supply the city of London
with water, the profits to go to this
college." " Prince Henry was a zeal-
ous friend to it and King James, a
Learned Prince and firm Protestant,
liked well of this Purpose and encour-
aged it. Aud when the building began
he laid the first stone himself ; and
moreover gave all the Timber requisite
thereto, which was to be fetched from
Windsor Forest."
November 3, 1620, Dr. Sutcliffe was
made a member of His Majesty's Coun-
cil for New England. We find him
attending the meetings of this council,
and in the proposed division of the
colony " on Sondaie," June 29, 1623,
Dr. Goclie drew for him lot 4, near
the present site of Boston, Massachu-
setts.
July 15, 1624, he was one of the
commission for winding up the affairs
of the Va. Co. of Loudon. He died in
1629. By his will, dated November 1,
1628, he left a large sum of money to
complete his college ; but after his
death the project fell into decay, and
his estates were restored to his heirs
by decree of chancery, in 1631.
Sutton, Sir Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . This was probably the
founder of the Charterhouse ; yet, al-
though I find a great deal about him,
I cannot find that he was ever knighted,
neither can I find any knight of the
name (Thomas Sutton) in 1609. He
was bom at Knaith, Lincolnshire, in
1532 ; educated at Eton and Cam-
bridge, and became a student in Lin-
coln's Inn, and soon after traveled in
those countries as a gentleman, to
which he afterwards traded as a mer-
chant ; master of the ordnance at
Berwick, during the rebellion of Nor-
thumberland ; master-general of ordi-
nance in the north for life in 1569; at
the capture of Edinburgh Castle, 1-573;
aided in having the Spanish bills of
exchange (for defraying the Armada
expenses) protested in 1587, thereby
causing a year's delay. He married
(about 1581) the widow of John Dud-
ley, Esq. (whose daughter, Anne Dud-
ley, married Sir Francis Popham), and
died December 12, 1611, without issue,
leaving to charitable use a fortune
superior to that of any private gentle-
man of his time.
S-wift, James, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25. Ensign ; came to Virginia in 1609.
Early in 1620 he signed the " Peti-
cion of Sundry Antient adventurers to
have some man of qualitye sent Gov-
ernor unto Virginia." About the
same time, in February, 1620, a grant
of lands in Virginia was issued to
Doctor Bolnm, James Swift, and their
associates for transportation of 300
persons to Virginia.
Swinhow, "George, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £62 10s. Of N. W. P. Co.
S-winhow, John, stationer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £L5.
Symonds, Rev. "William. Born
in Oxfordshire, about 1557; at Mag-
dalen College, Oxford, in 1573, and
six years later was a fellow thereof.
About ] 579 he received a curacy, the
gift of the Lord Willoughby, at Hat-
ton Holgate, Dioc. Lincoln, where he
remained, it is said, until 1605 or
1606. He published '' Pisgah P>van-
gelica " in 1605. He preached a ser-
mon at Paul's Cross, Januarv 12, 1606
(1607?) which was published in 1607,
at which time he was probably the
preacher at St. Saviour's, Southwark.
As he was the " preacher at Saint
Saviour's in Southwarke," he probably
bajitized John Harvard (the founder
of Harvard College, Mass.) there, on
November 29, 1607. He preached
the first sermon before the Va. Co. of
London, April 25, 1609 (LXXXVL).
In 1612, at the suggestion, it seems, of
1030
SYMONDS — THORNE
the Rev. Mr. Crashaw, he seems to
have acted a friendly part by his fel-
low-servant Captain Smith (both of
them had been servants to Lord
Willoughby) in looking over his col-
lections, and probably aided in hav-
ing them published at Oxford. Sy-
mouds was not a member of the Va.
Co., and the exact part taken by him
in the transaction is not clear; but it
seems evident that Smith and certain
members of his faction, who returned
to England, taking advantage of the
troubles in Virginia, succeeded in
making a favorable impression on the
good clergymen, Crashaw, Purchas,
and Symonds, and in securing their
patronage.
I suppose Chamberlain refers to
him in \ys letter of August 1, 1613,
where he writes that "old Simons of
Oxfordshire is dead." If so, he could
have had nothing to do with re-
vising the narrative (as Smith leads
us to suppose), as given in the " Gen-
eral History."
It was a comfort to him that no
"sonnes of Anak" [Numbers 13: 33]
were found in America.
Talbot, George, sixth Earl of
Shrewsbury. Had charge of Mary
Queen of Scots, 1568-84 ; interested
in Fenton's and Carleill's voyages,
1582-84; died November 18, 1590;
married, first, Gertrude, daughter of
Thomas Manners, Earl of Rutland,
by whom four sons and three daugh-
ters; secondly, " Besse of Hardwick"
(see William Lord Cavendish), by
whom no issue.
Talbot, Gilbert, seventh Earl of
Shrewsbury, 3. Sub. ; pd. .
Succeeded hi^ father in 1590 ; mar-
ried Mary Cavendish, daughter of his
step-mother ; of the N. W. P. Co.,
1612; died in May, 1616, leaving three
daughters, namely, Mary, married to
William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke;
Elizabeth, married to Henry Grey,
Earl of Kent (see Gray — Grey); Ala-
thea, married to Thomas Howard,
Earl of Arundel.
Tanfield, Sir Laurence. N. Fid.
Co. ; of the Inner Temple, 1569 ;
reader, 1595 ; created Serjeant at
law, January 28, 1603 ; M. P. Ox-
fordshire, 1604—11 ; justice of the
King's Bench, January 13, 1606 ;
chief baron of the Exchequer, June
25, 1607; died April 30, 1625, buried
at Burford, Oxfordshire, June 9.
Tanner, John, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . " Late apprentice to
Henry ])odd, entered and sworn, No-
vember 24, 1602 ; still found on the
warden's book of the Grocers' Com-
pany, 1612."
Tate, Francis, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £25. Second son of
Bartholomew Tate, Esq., of De la
Prd Abbev ; born in 1560 ; barrister
of the Middle Temple ; M. P. for
Northampton, 1601, and for Shrews-
bury, 1604-11; was a famous lawyer
and antiquary; died 1617, s. p.
Tate, Lewis, 3. Sub. £37 10s.
pd. £25.
Taverner, John, gent., 2. Sub.
; jpd. £37 10s. Probably went to
Virginia in 1606. " January 7, 1618,
Mr. John Taverner, surrendered to
Mr. David Wiffin, a bill of Adventure
of £37 10s.; three shares." "March
17, 1619, Mr. John Taverner, allowed
a personal share of 100 acres" (show-
ing that he had been to Virginia at his
own charge). "June 7, 1619, John
Taverner to Thomas Sheppard, three
shares in Va." (From Va. Co. Rec-
ords. )
Taylor, "Williani, haberdasher, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Died 1651;
see Will in " N. E. Register," April,
1888, pp. 177, 178. His second wife
was sister to Rev. John Wilson, the
first minister of Boston, Mass.
Thane, Viscount. — Francis Lord
Norris.
Thanet, Earl of. — Nicholas Tuf-
ton.
Thesham. See Tresham.
Thome, Robert, merchant-tailor.
Son of Nicholas; was born in Bristol,
and removed to London, where he
became a prosperous merchant. In
1.527 he wrote his exhortation to
Henry \'III., and discourse to Doctor
SIR RALPH WINWOOD
THORXE — THROCKMORTON
1031
Lee in favor of American Discoveries,
etc. In 1531 he united with Lord de
la WaiT in founding tlie Bristol Gram-
mar School. He died a bachelor in
1532, in the fortieth year of his age,
and was buried in St. Christopher's,
London, under " a very fair Tomb of
pure touch in the Soutli side of the
Quire." (The Bank of England now
occupies the site of this churcli.)
Thorne gave over £4,445 to pious
uses; £5,142 to his poor kindred; and
he gave those who owed him their in-
debtedness. Hakluyt, referring to
Thome's book and map of 1527, says
they were " preserved by one Master
Emmanuel Lucar, the executor of
Master Robert Thorne, and was
friendly imparted unto me by Master
Cyprian Lucar his sonne." This is
not exactly correct.
Emmanuel Lucar, of London, es-
quire, married, first, Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Paul Withipole, of Waltham-
stow, who was Thome's executor ;
secondly, Joane Turnbull, and she was
Cyprian Lucar' s mother.
In 1535 Paul Withipole built a
chapel at Walthamstow in Robert
Thome's memory. In 1600 Edmund
Withipole sold the Rectory of Wal-
thamstow to Sir Reginald Argall.
The manor had been granted to
Thomas Argall in 1563, and his grand-
son. Sir Samuel Argall, sometime gov-
ernor of Virginia, resided there in his
old age (see Argall pedigree).
Thornton, Robert, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Thorpe, George, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. £25. Son of Nicholas Thorpe,
of Wanswell Court, by his first wife,
Mary Wikes, alias Mason, niece of
Sir John Mason, a counselor of state;
was baptized January 1, 1576 (see
Throckmorton pedigree); a captain; a
gentleman pensioner; a gentleman of
the king's privv chamber; M. P.
Portsmouth, 1614; M. C. for Va. Co.
He sold his lands in England, and in
1618 formed a partnershij) for making
a private plantation in Virginia with
Sir W. Throckmorton, Jolin Smith, of
Nibley, Richard Berkeley (whom see),
and others. Thorpe was much inter-
ested in converting the Indians; had
taken an Indian boy and taught him to
write (see John Smith, of Nibley) ;
went to Virginia himself in March,
1620, where he was manager of the
college lands anil a member of the
council ; took especial interest in the
Indians, making a study of their views
of Religion and Astronomy ; became
convinced that " all the past ill success
was owing to the not seeking of God's
glory in converting the Natives, which
are peaceable and wanted but meanes ; "
was massacred by the Indians March
21, 1622. Capt. (ieorge Thorpe was
twice married ; first to Margaret,
daughter of Sir Thomas Porter, who
died s. p. ; and secondly to Margaret,
daughter of David Harris; she died
in 1629. Their son, William Thorpe,
was also twice mari'ied, his first wife
(married in 1636) being Ursula, daugh-
ter of John Smith, of Nibley, the an-
tiquary.
Throckmorton, Sir William, 3.
Sub. ; pd. £75. Of Totworth in
(xloucestershire ; son and heir of Sir
Thomas '^ Throckmorton (see pedi-
gree). For some account of his plan-
tation in Virginia, see George Thorpe
and John Smith, of Nibley; created a
baronet by King James, June 29, 1611;
was thrice married and left issue.
Throckmorton Pedigree. Wil-
liam^ Throckmorton, sheriff of Glouces-
tershire, 21 Henry VIII , was the
father of Margaret ^ and Sir Thomas -.
Mai'garet '^ Throckmorton (who died
in 1566) married Thomas Thorpe;
they were the parents of Nicholas ^,
the father of Capt. George * Thorpe.
Sir Thomas ^ Throckmorton, who
died in 1586, was the father of Sir
Thomas ^ and Anne ^.
Sir Tiiomas ^ Throckmorton mar-
ried Elizabeth Berkeley, aunt of Rich-
ard Berkeley, Esq., and had issue: —
i. Sir William * Throckmorton.
ii. Elizabeth *, wife of Sir Thomas
Dale.
iii. Mary * married, first Sir Thomas
Baskerville, and, secondly, Sir James
Scudamore.
Anne ^, daiighter of Sir Thomas ^,
married Sir John Tracey and had is-
sue : —
i. Sir John * Tracey, married Mary,
daughter of Sir Thomas Shirley.
ii. William^ Tracey, married Mary
Conway.
iii. Dorothy* (or Anne*) Tracey,
married, first, Edmond Bray, of Bar-
ington ; secondly, Sir Edward Conway.
1032
TIMBERLAKE - TRESHAM
iv. Mary * Tracey, married, first,
Hoby, and, secondly, Sir Horace Vere.
Timberlake, Henry, 3. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Also of the E. I. and N.
W. P. companies. He had traveled in
the East, and in 1603 he published
" A True and strange discourse of the
travailes of two English Pilgrimes :
what admirable accidents befell them
in their Journey to Jerusalem, Gaza,
Grand Cayro, Alexandria and other
places. Also, what Antiquities, Monu-
ments, and notable memories, they
sawe in Terra Sancta. . . . Written
by one of them ; on the behalfe of
himselfe, and his fellowe Pilgrinie.
Imprinted at London, for Thomas
Archer, . . . 1603." Followed by
other editions in 1608, 1609, 1611,
etc. These two Pilgrimes, may have
suggested to Purclias his I'ilgrimages,
his Pilgrimes, and his Pilgrim.
Tindall. See Tyndall.
Todkill, Anas, went to Virginia
in 1606, as a servant to Capt. John
Martin ; probably returned to England.
Tomlins, Richard, esquire, 3.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Prob-
ably Richard Tomlins, of Westminster,
who was M. P. for Ludlow, 1621-22;
1624-25, 1625, 1626, and 1628-29.
He was elected M. C. for Va. Co. in
May, 1623.
Totness, Earl of. — George Lord
Carew.
To"werson, William. Of Tower
Street; made a voyage to the coast of
Guinea about 1555 ; was a Merchant
Adventurer ; interested in the voy-
ages of Fenton and John Davis. He
married the widow of Richard Atkin-
son, Sr.
Towler, Charles, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s.
Townsend, Sir John, 2. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. . Of Salop ; knighted
at Sir John Fortescue's in 1003 ; M.
P. Wycombe, 1604-11. I suppose he
was a brother to Anne Townsend, who
married John Spt'lman, Esq., the elder
brother of Henry Spelman, of Vir-
ginia.
Townson (see Thomson), Leon-
ard, tishmonger. Sub. ; pd. £25.
Tracy, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
; pd. £;>7 10s. Knighted at Salis-
bury in July, 1609; M. P. for Corse
Castle, 1014, and for Wilton in 1621,
in which year he died.
Tracy, "William. Sub. ; pd.
. I take this to be the man who
married Mary Conway (see Throck-
morton pedigree). He sailed from
Bristol in September, 1620, in the Sup-
ply, with emigrants and provisions for
Berkeley Hundred in Virginia. One
of his daughters, the wife of Capt.
Nathaniel Powell, was massacred by
the Indians in Virginia in March,
1622.
Tradescant, John. Pd. £25. Said
to have been of Flemish origin. After
traveling through Europe and in the
East, he settled in England ; one of
the first collectors of natural curios-
ities ; a partner in Argall's Virginia
plantation in February, 1617; with Sir
Dudley Digges to Russia in 1618;
went on the expedition of Mansell and
Argall against the Algerine corsairs, in
order to obtain the Algier apricot,
1620 ; George Sandys wrote to him
from Virginia in 1623. He was in the
service of George Villiers, Duke of
Buckingham, and July 31, 1625, he
wrote to Edward Nicholas that it was
the duke's pleasure for him to deal
with all merchants from all places ;
but especially from Virginia, Ber-
mudas, Newfoundland, Guinea, Bin-
ney, the Amazon, East Indies, etc., for
all manner of rare beasts, fowls and
birds, shells, stones, etc.; afterwards
in the service of Charles I.; died in
1638; his sou John in 1642, and his
grandson John in 1652. The widow
of the last erected, in 1662, a tomb at
Lambeth to " John Tradescant, grand-
sire, father, and son." They are much
confused in their biographies. In 1631
Capt. John Smith left a part of his
books to " Master John Tradeskyn."
In 1637 John Tradescant (the son, I
believe) was in Virginia gathering all
varieties of flowers, plants, shells, etc.
Tragabigzanda. See CliaratzaTra-
gabigzanda.
Tresham (see Thesam), Sir Lewis,
3. Sub. ; pd. . Second son
of Sir Thomas Tresham, by his wife
Muriel, daughter of Sir Robert Throck-
morton.
The elder brother. Sir Francis Tresh-
Jim, was involved in the Gunpowder
Plot ; was attainted of high treason,
and succeeded by his younger brother,
Lewis, of whom I write.
•' Lewis Tresham, of the Inner
TREVOR — TUCKER
1033
Temple, fi[ent., bachelor, aged 25, son
of Sir Thomas Tresame, knight, was
niariiecl in March, 1003, to Mary
Perrye, maiden, aged 23, daughter of
Mrs. Moore, wife of Alderman John
Moore, at St. Bartholomew, Exchange,
London." lie was created a baronet,
June 29, IGll; knighted at Whitehall,
April <), 1012 ; died in 1G39.
Trevor, Sir John, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £70. Second son of John Trevor,
Esq. (who died July 1.5, 1.589), of Tre-
vallyn. County Denbigh, by his wife
Mary, daughter of Sir George Bruges,
knight, of London.
" He was of Plas Teg, which he
built ; " married. May 24, 1592, Mar-
garet, daughter of Hugh Trevannon,
Esq.; M. P. Rcigate, 1592-93, 1597-98,
and 1601 ; secretary to Earl of Notting-
ham (the lord admiral), and surveyor
of the royal navy to Elizabeth and
James I. ; knighted at tlie Tower, May
13, 1603 ; made steward and receiver
of Windsor Castle for life, June 6,
160.3 ; made keeper of the house and
park at Oatlands, for life, November 4,
1603; M. P. for Bletchinglev, 1604-11;
M. C. for Va., 1606 ; M. C. for Va.
Co., 1609 ; M. P. for Bletchinglev,
1614, and for Bodmin in 1621-22.
"February 22, 162^, Sir John Trevor
ye father transfers to Sh' John ye Somie
2 shares of land in Virginia." In 1625
he was M. P. for East Looe. He died
in 1630, leaving (with other issue)
" Sir John ye sonne," who was knighted
in 1619, and died in 1673. The father
is generally omitted in the peerages,
where "ye sonne" of the same name
has taken his place. Sir .John Trevor,
the son, was M. P. for Countv Den-
bigh, 1621-22, Flint, 1021-25', 1625,
Great Bedwin, 1628-29, and for
Grampound in the Long Parliament,
1640-53.
Trevor, Sir Richard, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Allington and
Trevallyn, County Denbigh ; eldest
son of John Trevor, Esq., and brother
of Sir John aforesaid ; knighted by
Lord Deputy Sir William KusscU in
the Glvnes,' Ireland, May 8, 1597 ;
M. P. Bletchingley (Surrey), 1597-98;
married Catherine, daugliter of Roger
Puleston, Esq. He was living in 1612,
but the date of his death is not known
to me. He left four daughters, his
co-heirs.
Trinity House, 3. Sub. ; pd.
£150. " The Ends and Intents of the
Foundation of the ancient Corporation
of Mariners, the Guild of the most
glorious and undivideable Trinity, were
for the Encrease and Encouragement
of Navigation, for the good govern-
ment and training of Pilots and sea-
men for the better security of ships at
Sea."
Troughton (Throughton), An-
drevr, 3. Sub. £37 ; pd. £25.
Tucker, Daniel, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£31 OS. Son of George Tucker, of
Milton in Kent, by his wife Mary,
daughter of John Hunter, of Gaunte.
He was nearly related to " Mr. Tucker,
the searcher at Gravesend " in 1619.
He sailed for North Va. with Chal-
lons, in 1606 ; was a leading man in
South Va., for five years, 1608-13 ;
commissioned governor of the Ber-
mudas, February 1.5, 161 ^ ; in that
island from May, 1616, to about Janu-
ary, 161 1. He was one of tliose who
signed the petition to the council, in
1619-20, " to have some man of quali-
tye sent Governor unto Vii-ginia ; "
patented lands in Virginia in 1021 ; was
living in the Bermudas in 1623, and
died there, at Port Royal, February
10, 102 1 , leaving children there. Many
of his descendants are now distin-
guished citizens of the United States.
Tucker, George, gent., 3. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s. Eldest brother of
Daniel ; was of Milton in Kent ; mar-
ried, first, Elizabeth, daugliter of Fran-
cis Staughton, and, secondly, Mary,
daugliter of John Darrell, of Cadehill,
esquire ; by his first wife he had a son,
George (aged 25 in 1619), and by his
second three sons (John, Robert, and
Henry) and six daughters. He was
of the N. W. P. Co.; held ten shares
of land in the Bermudas, and was a
leading member of the Warwick party
in the Va. Co. His daughter Elizabeth
married Thomas Legat, half-brother to
Capt. John Legat.
His son, Henry Tucker (born in
1611), and probably other sons also.
1034
TUCKER — TURNER
went to the Bermudas. Their clesceud-
ants are also in the United States.
Tucker, John. Probably son of
William Tucker, of Tlirouley in Devon-
shire. If so, he was uncle to Daniel
and George Tucker.
Tucker, Lieutenant Thomas.
(Probably brother to John. His grand-
daughter, Mary Starkey, married
Thomas Young, portreeve of Graves-
end and Milton in 1619.)
Tucker, William, gent., 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £25. (See Capt. James
Erizo.) . He sent over two men with
Ralph Hamor in January, 1617, and
either went over at this time, or soon
after, himself ; a member of the First
House of Burgesses for the borough of
" Kiccowtan " (afterwards Elizabeth
City) on Jidy 30, 1619. After the
massacre of March, 1622, he was ac-
tive in taking revenge upon the Indi-
ans. In January, 1623, he was fight-
ing them along the River of Rapahan-
ock, " they being confederates with
Apochankeno ; " a member of the
Council in V^irginia prior to March 30,
1623, and continued in that office until
1633, or later. On July 23, 1623,
" Captain William Tucker, commander
of Kicquotan and those lower parts of
the country, fell upon the Nandsa-
monds and Warrasqueakes, with vast
spoil to their corn and habitations, and
no small slaughter." In February,
1625, he was living at Elizabeth City
(aged 36), with his wife Mary (aged
26) and their daughter Elizabeth
(born in Virginia the preceding
August), fourteen white servants,
" William Crawshaw, an Indian Bap-
tised," Anthoney and Isabell, negroes,
and " William theire child. Baptised ; "
of the twenty negroes then in the col-
ony he owned three. He had 150
acres of land in " Elizabeth Cittie and
6.50 acres on ye south side of the main
River over against Elizabeth Cittie."
He made several voyages to England;
sailed from Virginia for England in the
spring of 1630, 1632, and 1633, and
possibly made annual voyages. He
was a merchant, a trader, and a protec-
tionist ; in August, 1633, he was in
England, asking the Privy Council to
prevent the Dutch from trading to
Virginia, "praying for a renewal of
their ancient charter, and that their
trade may be carried on wholly by the
English, and the returns made into
England only."
He married Mary, daughter of Rob-
ert Thomson, of Watton in Hertford-
shire ; she was a sister to the wife of
Elias Roberts, who was interested with
Tucker in the Hamor plantation of
January, 1617. Her brothers, Morris,
George, Paul, and William Thomson,
lived in Virginia for a time, and her
brother Robert owned property in
New England ; they became distin-
guished men in England, in the time of
the Commonwealth. Morris Thomson
was the father of John, first Baron
Haversham.
Tudor, Elizabeth (Queen). " The
namer of Virginia."
'' Spain's Rod, Rome's Ruin, Netherland's Relief,
Heaven's Jem, Earth's Joy, World's Wonder,
Nature's Chief.
Britain's Blessing, England's Splendor,
Religion's Nurse, the Faitli's Defender.
Many Daughters have done vertuously, but thou
excellest them all.
If Royal Vertues ever crown'd a crown,
If ever Mildness shin'd in Majesty,
If ever Honour honour'd true Renown,
If ever Courage dwelt with Clemency,
If ever Princess put all Princes down.
For Temperance, Prowess, Prudence, Equity,
This, this was she, tliat in despiglit of Death,
Lives still admir'd, ador'd, Elizabeth."
IFrom her monument in several London
churches.}
Tufton, Sir Nicholas. Sub. ;
pd. £80. M. P. for Peterborough in
1601 ; knighted at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, April 13, 1603 ; admitted into
the Va. Co. of London, June 10, 1618,
and added to his Majesty's Council
for that company ; May 17, 1620, one
of those appointed to represent the
company before the king ; May 23,
1620, Anthony Irby transferred to him
two shares of land in Virginia ; M. P.
for Kent, 1624-25 ; elevated to the
peerage, November 1, 1626, as Baron
Tufton of Tufton, County Sussex, and
created Earl of Thanet, August 5,
1628. His lordship married Lady
Frances Cecil, daughter of Thomas,
first Earl of Exeter. He died July 1,
1632, and was buried at Raynliam.
His younger brother. Sir AVilliam Tuf-
ton, was governor of the Barbadoes,
where he was shot in 1650.
Turner, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
TURNER — VAN LORE
1035
pd. £37 10s. Probably tlie master of
tents and toils.
Turner, Richard, merchaut-tailor.
Pd. ilGi).
Turner, Dr. (Peter), 2. Sub. ;
pd. ilii.j. Dr. Peter Turner was the
son of Dr. William Turner (1510?-
15G8) one of the first English herbal-
ists. He was physician to Ralegh, and
made a report in 1606 on the decline
of Ralegh's health in the Tower. He
died May 27, 1614, aged 72, and was
buried in St. Olave's, Tower Street
ward, London.
His son, William Turner, who was
afterwards interested in Virginia,
went, in 1605, to Charles Lee's colony
in Guiana, and wrote an account of
his voyage, which is given in part by
Purchas, vol. iv. pp. 1265-1267.
Turville (or Turberville), Sir Am-
brose, 3. Sub. ; pd. . Of
Lincolnshire; knighted at the Charter-
house, May 11, 1603 ; M. P. Minehead,
1604-11.
Twide, Richard. Crossed the pres-
ent United States in 1568-69 ; died at
Ratcliff, England, in John Shere-
wood's house there, about 1579.
Twisden, Sir William, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Eldest son of
Roger Twysden, Esq., of Roydon Hall,
Kent, by his wife Anne, daughter of Sir
Thomas Wyatt, of AUington Castle,
beheaded in 1553 ; M. P. for Helston
in 1601 ; knighted at the Charterhouse,
May 11, 1603 ; M. P. Thetford, 1606-
11 and 1614 ; created a baronet, June
29, 1611 ; transferred his three shares
in Virginia to his son, Sir Roger
Twisden (the antiquary), February 3,
1623; died January 8, i62|. He mar-
ried Anne, daughter of Sir Moyle
Finch, baronet, by whom five sons and
two daughters.
Tyndall (or Tindall), Robert, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . First voyage to
Virginia, December 19, 1606, possibly
to January, 1609 ; second voyage. May
to November, 1609 ; third voyage,
April, 1610, to June, 1611. It seems
certain that Maguel was mistaken
about his being a Roman Catholic, as
at the time Maguel was writing (July,
1610) Tindall was still actively em-
ployed in Virginia.
Tyrone. Hugh O'Neill, Earl of
Tyrone, " The Arch Rebel," gave the
English much trouble in their attempts
to subdue Ireland. After the flight of
the Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnel, in
1607, their vast estates were forfeited
to the crown, as well as those of Sir
Cahir O'Dogherty, and other persons
of inferior position. These estates,
which comprised almost the whole six
northern counties of Cavan, Ferman-
agh, Armagh, Derry, Tyrone, and Tj'r-
connel (now called Donegal), were the
lands soon after allotted to the Prot-
estant and Presbyterian colonists
from England and Scotland. Many
descendants of these colonists have
since emigrated to America.
The Earl of Tyrone died at Rome,
blind and old, on July 20, 1616, and
was buried with great pomp in the
Church of San Pietro Alontorio, under
a tomb, which no longer exists, bearing
the following brief inscription : —
"D. O. M.
Hie Quiescuiit Ossa
Hugonis Priucipis O'Neill."
Tyrrel, Francis, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Will was dated Au-
gust 30, 1609. Buried September 1,
1609, at Croydon, and his funeral was
kept at Loudon, the 13th of the same
month. He gave £200 to the parish-
ioners of Croydon, to build a new mar-
ket-house; £40 to repair their church,
and forty shillings a year to the poor
of Croydon for eighteen years; twenty-
six chaldrons of coals yearly, to be
paid by the Grocers' Company to the
poor of the parishes of St. Mary Mag-
dalen Bermondsey ; St. Giles Crip-
plegate ; St. Sepulcln-e Without New-
gate ; St. Olave Southwark, and St.
Botolph Aldgate ; and also fourteen
chaldrons of sea coals to the poor of
the Grocers' Company.
Van Lore, Peter. Pd. £112 10s.
A native of Utrecht ; traded in Lon-
don, and became an opulent merchant,
jeweler, and money-lender of that
city. In 1595 he tested for Ralegh
some stones brought from Guiana. In
1603 Ralegh owed him some £600.
Edwards preserved Ralegli's letter to
him of July 1, 1616 (in his " Life of
Ralegh," vol. ii. pp. 342,343) ; knighted
November 5, 1621, and soon after lent
King James £20,000 on eight per cent,
interest which was repaid by an ex-
chequer warrant, July 31, 1625 ; died
prior to August, 1628, leaving a sou of
1036
VAN MEDKERK — VAUGHAN
the same name, who was created a
baronet in that year, whose daughter
Mary married Henry Alexander, third
son of William, first Earl of Stirling.
Van Medkerk, Alfonsus. Pd.
£25. He was a captain and a Dutch-
man. Probably a son of Adolphus
Van Meetkerke, president of Flanders,
who died in Loudon, October 6, 1591,
aged 63.
Vane (see Fane), Henry, esquire,
3. Sub. £75 ; pd. £12 10s. Of Had-
low, Kent ; born February 18, 1589 ;
knighted at Whitehall, March 28,
1611 ; M. P. for Lostwithiel, 1614 ;
cofferer to Charles, Prince of Wales,
March, 1G17; M. P. for Carlisle,
1621-22, 1624-25, 1625, and 1626 ;
was elected for Lostwithiel also in
Parliaments of 1621-22 and 1625, but
probably selected to sit for Carlisle ;
was M. P. for Retford, 1628-29 ; am-
bassador to Holland, Denmark, and
Sweden, 1631 and 1632 ; received
Charles I. at Raby Castle, May, 1633;
was on the commission for plantations
of April, 1634, at which time he was
comptroller of the royal household ;
treasurer of the household, 1639; post-
master-general, 1640 ; M. P. for Wil-
ton, 1640 and 1640-53 ; principal sec-
retary of state and lord treasurer, and
sworn of the Privy Council in 1641,
and subsequently dismissed from these
offices, it is said, on account of the
active part which he took against
Strafford ; M. P. for Kent in 1654 ;
died at Raby Castle near the close of
1654 (March, 1655 ?). Ancestor of the
Dukes of Cleveland. When his son
Henry went to New England in 1635,
G. Garrard wrote to Lord Conway :
" Sir Henry Vane has as good as lost
his eldest son, who is gone to New Eng-
land for conscience sake ; he likes not
the discipline of the church of Eng-
land, none of our ministers will give
him the sacrament standing, and no
persuasions of the Bishops nor author-
ity of his parents will prevail with
him ; let him go." He was elected
governor of Massachusetts in 1636,
but returned to England in 1637. He
was the celebrated Sir Harry Vane of
Cromwell's day, who was beheaded on
Tower Hill in 1662 (see his Life by
Prof. James K. Hosmer).
Vassall, John, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. " His father, John
Vassall, a Frenchman (Huguenot) of
Rinart by Cane in Norniaud}', was sent
into England by his father by reason
of the troubles then." He died in
England, leaving a son, John (of whom
I write) of Cockseyhurst in Com. Es-
sex, who in 1588 equipped and com-
manded two ships of war, the Samuel
and the Little Toby, against the Span-
ish Armada. He was an alderman of
London, and at his death a benefactor
of the Trinity House ; buried at Step-
ney, September 13, 1625. He married
three times and had a numerous issue.
His sons, Samuel and William, were
among the incorporators of 'the first
Massachusetts Company, 1628. Sam-
uel was baptized at Stepney, June 5,
1586 ; married Frances, daughter of
Abraham Cartwright of the Va. Co. ;
was interested with George Lord
Berkeley' and others in the settlement
of Carolina, 1630 ; traded to New
England, Virginia, the West Indies,
and Guinea ; M. P. for London in tlie
Long Parliament ; on the parliament
commissions for plantations, Novem-
ber 24, 1643 ; " it is all but certain
that he died somewliere in America in
1667." There is, or was, a monument
to him in King's Chapel, Boston, Mass.
His son John died in London in 1664,
without issue. William (Samuel's
brother) was born in 1592 ; married,
in May, 1613, Anne, daughter of
George King, of Cold Norton, Essex ;
sailed with his family from London in
June, 1635, on board the Blessing, for
New England, and settled in Scituate
within the colony of Plymouth ; went
to the Barbadoes about 1650, and died
there in 1655. " It is now quite cer-
tain that it was he, and not his brother
Samuel, who founded the Vassalls of
Jamaica, whence sprang the late Lord
Holland." He has many descendants
in the United States.
Vaiighan, Edward, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . Probably Ixlvvard Vaughn,
Esq., of Little Ealing, county of Mid-
dlesex, who died in 1612. (Vaughans
were numerous.) An Edward Vaughan
was the author of " Divine Discov-
ery of Death " in 1612, and other
works. An Edward Vaughan was M.
P. for Merioneth in 1626.
Vaughan, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£75 ; pd. . Probably John Vaugh-
an, son and heir to Owen Vaughan of
VAUGHAN — VERB
1037
Llwydiarth, which John married, Xo-
veinber 3, IGOG, Margaret Herbert,
sister of George Herbert, the poet ;
or, iJohn Vaiighan, the brother of
" !Sir William Vaugliau of Terracoyd,
County Carmarthen, who had also
hinds in Newfoundhind and America,"
wiiich John (born 1573) married, in
1598, Margaret, daughter of Sir Gilly
Meyrick, was knighted in Irehmd,
February 2, 1617 ; created Lord
Vaughan, July 29, 1G21, and Earl of
Carbery, August 5, 1(528.
Vaughan, Sir Walter, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Fuls-
ton, County Wilts ; son of Thomas
Vaughan, Esq., of Broad wardine,
County Hereford ; knighted at Sir
George Farmers in July, 1G03 ; M.
P. for Wiltshire, February, IGOG, to
IGll. He married three times, and
was still living in 1G23.
Velasco, Don Alonso de. Am-
bassador from Spain to the court of
London, 1610—13. August 3, 1612,
George Abbot, Archbishop of Canter-
bury, wrote from Croydon to King
James : " Zuniga has removed to
the house of the Lieger Ambassador,
Alonzo de Velasquez, in the Barbican,
that he may more freely transact his
secret business. Velasquez (Velasco)
has been more free with his masses,
having a bell rung and holding sevei'al
m the day. He sends scandalous re-
ports of English affairs to Spain and
Italy. The King of Spain has an
advantage in England, because he can
avail himself of discontented Cath-
olics. The proffered courtesies of the
Queen of France should be received
with suspicion, as she is guided by
Villeroy and Sillery, both under Span-
ish influence."
Velasco, Juan Ferdinand ' de.
"Condestable of Castile, Duke of
Frias ;" was Spanish ambassador
extraordinary to England in 1604.
Reports reached London in November
and December, 1603, that he was com-
ing to treat of peace. He was in Lon-
don early in August, 1604, and on the
10th Henry Howard, Earl of North-
ampton, wrote to King James : " The
Constable of Castile is delighted with
his reception, and praises his Majesty's
learning, sweetness, frankness, and
faithfulness." On the 18th of August
the treaty of peace and mercantile
intercourse with Philip III., King of
Spain, and Albert and Isabel, arch-
duke and archduchess of Burgundy,
was ratified by King James of Eng-
land, and soon after, Velasco returned
to Spain with many rich presents from
the King and Queen of England.
He had served in the Low Country
wars. Motley says he was " one of
Spain's richest grandees and poorest
generals."
Venn, Richard, haberdasher, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Son of
Hugh Fenn, alias Venn, of Wotton-
under-Edge, Gloucestershire. Octo-
ber 13, 1616, half of the late Raphe
Hamor the elder's adventure of
£1,600 in the joint stock of the E, I.
Co. was set over to Richard Venue, at
the request of Susan Hamor, the exec-
utrix of her deceased husband. On
the committee of the E. I. Co. in
1619 ; an alderman cf London, 1626-
34, for Castle Baynard ward, and
1634-39 for Tower ward ; sheriff of
London, 1626-27 ; lord mayor, 1637-
38 ; knighted at Whitehall, May 27,
1638 ; died August 18, 1639.
Vere, Sir Horatio, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £121. Youngest son of Geoffrey
De Vei'e, third son of John, fifteenth
Earl of Oxford ; was born in Essex
in 1565 ; accompanied his brother. Sir
Francis Vere, to Holland in 1585,
and to Cadiz in 1596, where he was
knighted for gallantry by the Earl of
Essex. He distinguished himself at
Nieuport in 1600 and at Ostend in
1601-02, where he was wounded. He
was one of the governors of the Brill,
1608 to May 30, 1616. M. C. for Va.
Co., May 23, 1609. He served at the
siege of Juliers in 1610 ; in the Low
Countries, 1614; commanded the Eng-
lish contingent, aiding the Prince of
Orange against the Arminians of
Utrecht in 1618. In 1620 he was
consulted about certain projected for-
tifications in Virginia, and was in the
same j'ear in command of the auxil-
iaries sent to Elector Palatine. Cham-
berlain writing to Carleton from Lon-
don, Jidy 8, 1620, said : " I am sorry
Sir Horace Vere should go so slen-
derlj' accompanied as to command but
two thousand men, which gives the
Spanish ambassador occasion to break
jests, and say, he must needs confess
we are a very brave nation, that dare
1038
VERE — VILLIEES
adventure with two thousand men to
encounter ten thousand." He contin-
ued in that service, and " on February
16, 1622, Sir Horatio Vere was ap-
pointed captain-general of 8,000 foot
and 1,600 horse for the defence of the
Palatinate." There was some clash
of authority, and on June 3, 1622,
King James wrote to him, command-
ing him " to withdraw his troops, if
his son-in-law persisted in following
his own courses."
He was forced to surrender Mann-
heim to Tilly, according to some ac-
counts, in the end of September, 1622;
to others in January, 1623.
In 1622 the poet George Chapman
wrote : ' ' Pro Vere Autumni Lachry-
mae. Inscribed to the Immortal Mem-
orie of the most Pious and Incom-
parable Souldier Sir Horatio Vere,
Knight ; besieged and distrest in
Mainhem."
He was created Baron Vere of Til-
bury, July 25, 1625 ; master of the
ordnance for life in March, 1629 ;
died in London, May 2, 1635, and
was interred in Westminster Abbey.
" The exploits of this gallant per-
sonage form a brilliant page in British
history, and it would be in vain to
attempt even to epitomize them here.
He was so great a military officer that
the first generals were proud of hav-
ing served under him."
Fuller says : " Horace Lord Vere
had more meekness and as much val-
our as his brother Sir Francis ; of an
excellent temper : it being true of
him what is said of the Caspian Sea,
that it doth never ebb, nor flow, ob-
serving a constant tenor, neither elated
with success or depressed with misfor-
tune. Both lived in war much hon-
oured, and died in peace much la-
mented."
Lord Vere married, in Xovember,
1607, Mary, daughter of Sir John
Tracy of Toddington, County (ilouces-
ter, and relict of William (or .lolin)
Hoby, Esq., and had five daughters,
his co-heirs (see Throckmorton ped-
igree.)
His widow survived him many
years. " Upon the death of the Count-
ess of Dorset, the Parliament commit-
ted to her care the Duke of York, the
Duke of Gloucester, and the Princess
Elizabeth, a charge of which she was
by no means ambitious. She was a
woman of exemi^lary conduct as a
wife and mother, and seems to have
been as eminent for her piety as her
husband was for his valour." Arch-
bishop Usher, in a letter to her in
1628, speaks of it in a very elevated
strain : " If I have any insight," says
that prelate, " in things of this nature,
or have any judgment to discern of
spirits, I have clearh' beheld engraven
in your soid the image and superscrip-
tion of my God." She died the 25th
of December, 1671, in the 91st year
of her age.
Her five daughters were : Elizabeth
Vere, married John, son of John HoUis,
first Earl of Clare ; Mary Vere, mar-
ried, first, Sir Roger Townshend, sec-
ondly. Lord Mildmay Fane ; Catherine
Vere, married, first, Oliver, son of Sir
John St. John, and, secondly, John
Lord Paulett ; ^ Anne Vere, married
the celebrated Thomas Lord Fairfax,
" the parliamentary general "; Dorothy
Vere, married John, son of Sir John
Wolstenholme. (See " The Fighting
Veres," by Clemen^^s R. Markham.)
Vere-Stanley, " Elizabeth, Count-
ess of Derby," 3. Sub. ; pd.
. Eldest daughter of Edward
De Vere, seventeenth Earl of Oxford,
by his first wife, Anne, daughter of
William Cecil, the celebrated Lord
(Treasurer) Burghley. She married,
June 26, 1594, ^^'iUiam Stanley, sixth
Earl of Derby, and had four daugh-
ters and two sons.
Vertue, Christopher, vintner, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Of St.
Botolph, Aldgate, London ; married,
in 1583, Margaret, daughter of Wil-
liam Joanes of Kyvell, County Wilts,
clothier.
Villa Flores. See Zuniga.
Villeroy, Mons de. Nicolas de
Neufville ; born 1542 ; secretary of
state, November, 1567; deprived Sep-
tember, 1588 ; reinstated 1594 ; died
at Rouen, Xovember 22, 1617.
Villiers, George, Viscount. Born
at Brookesby, Leicestershire, August
20, 1592 ; in France, 1610-13 (his
half-sister, Anne Villiers, married,
1 The marriage license of Sir John Paulett,
dated March 6, 1640-1, does not give the name of
the bride as Catherine, but as " Mrs. Mirj- St.
John about 22. daughter of the Right Hon. the
Lord Vere."
VILLIERS— WADE
1039
about 1614, William Washington,
uncle to the emigrant ancestor of
Gen. George Washington) ; introduced
at court in the autumn of 1614 ;
knighted at Somerset House, April
24, 1615 ; favored by Somerset's en-
emies ; advocated Ralegh's going to
Guiana ; made master of the horse
in Januarv, and K. G. in April. 1616 ;
Baron Whaddon ("Blechly"?) aud
Viscount Villiers, August 27, 1616 ;
the royal favorite ; Bacon's advice to
him ; made Earl of Buckingham, Jan-
uary 5, 1617, marquess, January 1,
1618, and lord high admiral, January,
28, 1619. Sir Edwin Sandys wrote to
him June 7, 1620, justif ving his ( San-
dys') management of Virginia affairs,
and imploring him " by the many great
graces wherewith God had furnished
him. to protect and repatriate the loug
exiled (Sandys) in His Majesties
favour." He was an incorporator of
the New England Charter. November
3, 1620, and M. C. for N. E. Co.;
signed the first Plvmouth patent, June
1, 1621 ; went with Prince Charles to
Spain, February 17, 1623 ; created
Duke of Buckingham, May IS, 1623
(there had been no dukes in England
since Norfolk's execution, June 2,
1572); was interested in Virginia
affairs, tobacco, etc., 1624 ; sent to
Paris to marry Henrietta Maria as
proxy for King Charles, May, 1625 ;
John Tradescant was employed by
him in procuring "all manner of rare
beasts, fowls and birds, shells and
stones, etc," "especially those from
Virginia, Bermudas, Xewfoundland,
Guinea, Binney, the Amazon, and the
East Indies," in July. 162-5, and after;
impeached March, 1626 ; chancellor of
the University of Cambridge, June 1,
1626 ; still interested in the colonies ;
an incorporator of the Guiana Com-
pany, May 19, and chosen governor
of that company in June, 1627 ; com-
manded in the expeditions to Rochelle
and Isle of R^, July to October,
1627; murdered at Portsmouth August
23, 1628. Two days after this (25),
Lord Baltimore \vrote a long letter to
him from Ferryland, Newfoundland.
He was a great patron of learning, and
of the fine arts ; collected American
rarities, Arabic manuscripts, Italian
paintings, etc.
Vincent, Henry, 2, Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of London, mer-
chant ; was living at the Visitation,
1634, aged 80 years.
Vines, Richard. A trusted agent
and friend of Sir Ferdinando Gorges.
I am unable to add anything to the
incomplete accounts of him previously
published in this country. He prob-
ably visited the New England coast as
early as 1609, and probably spent the
winter of 1616-17 at the mouth of
Saco River, where he afterwards set-
tled ; had a grant of land there, and
became the founder of Biddeford,
Maine. He removed to Barbadoes in
1&45, and died there in 1651.
"Wade — "Waad, Armigil, "The
British Columbus." Of an ancient
family of Yorkshire : went to America
in 1-536 ; clerk of the Privy Council
of Kings Henrv \1II. aud Edward
VI.; M. P. for" Wycombe, 1-547-53;
died at Belsize, June 20, 1568; buried
in the parish church at Hampstead.
" He was most completely furnished
with the knowledge of the greatest
arts, skilled in many languages, dis-
charged most honourable embassies,
and among the Britons was the first
explorer of the American Indies. He
married two wives, Alice Paten and
Anne Marburv, and begot 20 chil-
dren."
"Wade (or "Waad), Nathaniel. 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Of the E. I. Co.
■Wade, Sir "William, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £144 IO5. " Son of Armi-
gell Wade, the British Columbus ; "
clerk of the Privy Council (from about
1-583) ; successively ambassador to
Spain, France, and Scotland. "An ac-
tive enemy to the Jesuits ; " " about
1.5S4 Creighton, a Scottish Jesuit, be-
ing taken by Dutch Pirates, tore up
certain papers and attempted to throw
them into the sea ; but the wind
brought them back to the ship; which
being delivered to Sir William Wade,
were joyned again, and revealed new
plots of the Pope, the Spaniard, and
Guisians to invade England," etc. In
Bishop Carleton's " Thankful Remem-
brance of God's Mercy " is a small
picture of Wade, represented in the
act of putting the fragments of these
treasonable papers together.
M. P. for Aldborough in 1-585 ; for
Thetford in 1597 ; and Preston in
1040
WADE— WALKER
1601 ; knighted at Greenwich, May
20, 1G03 ; one of the judges on Ra-
legh's trial in November, 1603 ; M. P.
for West Looe, 1604-11 ; lieutenant
of the Tower from August 15, 1605,
to May, 1613, when he was removed
by the Somerset influence. In 1605-
06 he was very active in prosecuting
the Gunpowder Plot conspirators.
M. C. for Va., 1606 ; M. C. for Va.
Co., 1609.
In 1612 John Taylor, the water
poet, dedicated his earliest publication,
"Tlie Sculler," etc., "To the Right
Worshipfull and worthy favourer of
learning, my singular good Maister,
Sir William Waad, knight," etc. He
was one of those who bought the Ber-
mudas Islands from the Va. Co. No-
vember 25, 1612, and resigned them
to the crown, November 23, 1614.
After his removal from the lieuten-
ancy of the Tower, he seems to have
lived quietly at his seat, Belsize
House ; died October 25, 1623, and
lies buried with his father at Hamp-
stead.
Granger says he was "a man of
great learning, generosity, and benev-
olence, who had been employed by
Queen Elizabeth in several embassies,
was removed from the lieutenancy of
the Tower, to make way for Sir Ger-
vase Elways, a man of a prostitute
character, who was the chief instru-
ment in poisoning Sir Thomas Over-
bury."
" Lloyd tells us that to his directions
we owe ' Rider's Dictionary ; ' to his en-
couragement, 'Hooker's Polity;' and
to his charge, ' Gruter's Inscriptions.' "
" This excellent man employed a
faithful and judicious friend to ad-
monish him of everything that he saw
amiss in his conduct."
His first wife (married in 1586),
Anne, daughter of Owen Waller, of
St. Alban, Wood Street, London,
*' conspicuous in disposition, genius,
and family," died in 1589, in her 19th
year, in childbirth, and is buried under
a " Fair Marble Monument in Oval "
in the parish church of St. Alban's,
Wood Street, in Cripplegate ward,
London. There is some confusion as
to his second wife. W^alford says,
" He married as his second wife a
daughter of Sir Thomas Wotton, who
surviving as his widow . . . left Bel-
size to her son, Charles Henry de
Kirkhaven, by her first husband."
Burke says, " Katherine, daughter
of Thomas Lord Wotton, married,
first, Henry Lord Stanhope, secondly,
John Poliander Kirckhoven (and had a
son, Charles Henry Kirckhoven), and,
thirdly. Colonel Daniel O'Neile."
The life of Thomas Bushell (Lord
Bacon's servant) states that he mar-
ried " Anne, widow of Sir William
Waad, lieutenant of the Tower."
Waiman. See Weymouth.
Waldo, Captain Richard, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Came to Vir-
ginia in 1608 ; was drowned in James
River in January, 1609.
Wale, Thomas, 3. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £75. Of Bradfield, County
Essex, and of Gray's Inn. Eldest son
of Thomas Wale, of Radwinter, Es-
sex, by Jane, daughter of Richard
Westley ; died in 1659.
Walker, George, sadler, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Walker, John. "John Walker
and his company, in the service of Sir
H. Gilbert, discovered a silver mine
within the river of Norumbega (the
Penobscot, Maine ?) in 1580." Gil-
bert had a conference with him as to
America to the southwest of Cape
Breton prior to August, 1582. It may
be that he was tlie chaplain to Robert
Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who sailed
with Fenton and died at sea February
5, 1582.
Walker, Thomas, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of Westminster,
hereditary chief usher of the court of
Exchequer, and marshal proclamator
and barrier of the court of Common
WALLER — WALTER
1041
Pleas, and to the justices in eyre ;
died October 12, 1613.
Waller (see Wooler), John, es-
quire, 2. Sub. ; pd. £o. Went
to Virgiuia in 1606. (John Waller
and John Walter are sometimes mis-
taken for each other in reading the
Virginia Records. I suppose that
Waller was of the same family as the
poet )
Wallingford, Viscount. — Wil-
liam KnoUys.
Walsingham, Sir Francis. " The
third and youngest son of William
Walsingham of Scadbury in the parish
of Chisleluirst, by Joyce, daughter of
Edmund Denny of Cheshurst, in Hert-
fordshire ; born about 1536 ; bred in
liis father's house under a private
tutor, and afterwards studied for a
time in King's College in Cambridge,
from whence he went, very young, to
seek a more enlarged education on the
continent. The persecution raised by
Mary induced him to remain abroad
till her death, for his family were
zealous Protestants, and he was ear-
nestly attached to that persuasion. He
returned soou after the accession of
Elizabeth, a self-made statesman, with
a perfect knowledge of most of the
European languages, for he had al-
ways the reputation of being the first
linguist of his time." M. P. for Ban-
bury, 1559 ; ambassador to France in
1561, " where he served, from time to
time, many years with the most refined
diplomatic skill, during the dreadful
civil war." M. P. for Lyme Regis,
1563 ; ambassador to France from
August, 1570, to April, 1573 (in which
time the fearful massacre of St. Bar-
tholomew, August, 1572); pruicipal
secretary of state and privy coun-
cilor, 1573 ; subscriber to Frobisher's
voyages, 1576-78 ; knighted at Wind-
sor in November, 1577, and in the
same month consulted Dr. Dee regard-
ing Queen Elizabeth's titles to the
new lands; ambassador to the Nether-
lands in 1578, in which year Thomas
Nicholas dedicated " The Pleasant
Historic of the Conquest of the West
Indies ' ' to him ; took an interest in
the schemes for colonizing America,
1579-80; ambassador to France, 1581;
subscriber to Fenton's voyage, 1582-
83 ; took a very active part in the
colonization movement from August
1582, to April, 1583; ambassador to
Scotland, 1583 ; sent the Rev. Rich-
ard Ilakluyt to Paris (with Stafford),
with special instructions to occupy
himself chiefly in collecting informa-
tion of the Spanish and French move-
ments, " making diligent inquirie of
such things as miglit yield any light
unto our Western discoverie in Amer-
ica," etc., in October, 1583. In No-
vember of the same year Sir George
Peckham dedicated his " True Re-
porte ... of the Newfoundlands" to
him; one of the commission for con-
firming Ralegh's patent, December
14, 1584 ; Hakluyt wrote to him from
Paris in 1584 and 1585 regarding
western discoveries, colonization, etc.;
Lane wrote letters and discourses to
him from Virginia in August and Sep-
tember, 1585, and Sir Richard Green-
ville reported to him on his return
from Virginia, October 29, 1585; dis-
covered Babington's plot, 1586; a com-
missioner at the trial of Mary Queen
of Scots, October, 1586 ; made chan-
cellor of the Duchy of Lancaster iu
1587, and afterwards a Knight of the
Garter. Hakluyt dedicated his " Prin-
cipal Navigations," etc., to him in 1589.
He died April 6, 1590, and was bur-
ied in St. Paul's. " One of the chief
pillars of the- throne of Elizabeth and
of the Protestant cause." A leader in
the schemes for colonizing Protestant-
ism in the New World. He married,
first, about 1563, Anne Barnes (see
Sir George Barnes tlie elder), and, sec-
ondly, about 15G9, Ursula, daughter of
Henry St. Barbe, and widow of Rich-
ard Worsley, who bore him two daugh-
ters, Marj' and Frances. Mary married
Capt. Christopher Carleill. Frances
was thrice splendidly wedded : first,
to Sir Philip Sidney; secondly, to Rob-
ert Devereux, Earl of Essex, and,
thirdly, to Richard Bourke, Earl of
Clanricarde.
Walsingham, Sir Thomas, 3.
Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. Of Scad-
bury, Kent ; grandson of Sir Edmund
Walsingham, lieutenant of tlie Tower
of Lonilon, who died February 9,
15*9. He was born in 1570; M. P.
Rochester, 1-597-98, 1601, and 1604-
11; Kent 1614; died August 11, 1630.
Walter, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Eldest son
of Edward Walter of Ludlow iu the
1042
WARD — WATERS
county of Salop, by his wife Mary,
daughter of Thomas Hackluit, Esq.,
of Eyton (the eldest brother of the
Rev. Richard Hakluyt, I suppose).
He was born in 1563 ; educated at
Brasenose College, Oxford ; after-
wards of the Inner Temple ; called to
the bar, 1590 ; counselor for the Uni-
versity of Oxford ; attorney-general
to Prince Charles, 1613-25 ; knighted
May 18. 1619 ; M. P. for East Looe
in 1621-22 and 1624-25 ; Serjeant at
law, 1625 ; chief baron of the Ex-
chequer, May 12, 1625 ; died at his
house in the Savoy, November 18,
1630, and was buried at Wolvercote,
Oxon. One of Fuller's Worthies of
Shropshire.
Ward, William. Pd. £37 10s.
"Marshal of the Admiralty court of
the Cinque Ports." The Wards and
Pophams were related.
Warner, Mr. Probably Walter
Warner, the mathematician.
Warner, Richard, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. . Probably " Richard
Warner, of London, grocer, son of
John Warner, of Bucknall in County
Oxon." ( Vide Visitation, 1634.)
"Warr, Thomas, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £25. Of Hestercombe,
Somerset. Third son of Roger Warr
by Eleanor, daughter of Sir John Pop-
ham. M. C. for Va., 1606 ; M. P.
Bridgewater, 1614.
Chamberlain, writing to Carleton
from London, April 19, 1617, says,
" One Warre, a towardly lawyer, was
drowned coming from an island he had
purchased in the Severn ; " and Carew,
writing to Roe, under April, 1617, says,
"Mr. Thomas Warre, a counciler-att-
Law, who, I think, was well knowne
unto j'ou, is lately drowned in Severne
in Walles." He was recorder of
Bridgewater, and was buried there,
April 30, 1617.
Warwick, Earl of. — Robert Rich.
Waterhouse (see Woodhouse),
David, esquire, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. £37 10s. M. P. for Aldborough
(York), 1588-89, and for Berwick,
1601 ; clerk of the crown in the
King's Bench ; lord of the Manor of
the town of Halifax. September 16,
1618, he passed a Bill of Adventure
of £50 in the Va. Co. to Mr. Bland.
Waterhouse, Sir Edward, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25. Of Leitli,
County York ; son of Robert Water-
house of Halifax, and nephew of David
Waterhouse, Esq., aforesaid. He was
knighted at Charterhouse, May 11,
1603 ; died without issue.
Waterhouse, Edward. Probably
son of Thomas Waterhouse of Bark-
hamsted. County Hertford. If so, he
was nephew of the celebrated Sir
Edward Waterhouse (1535-91), and
uncle of Edward Waterhouse (1619-
70), an author of some note.
He was a secretary' of the Va. Co.,
and June 11, 1621, he was recom-
mended by Sir John Danvcrs for sec-
retary of state for the colony of Vir-
ginia, but in the election was defeated
by Mr. Christopher Davison. Novem-
ber 21, 1621, the council gave him two
shares of land in Virginia. August
21, 1622, there was entered for pub-
lication at Stationers' Hall " A Booke
called A Declaration of the State of
the Colony of Virginia with the rela-
tion of the Massacre of the English
by the Native Infidells with the names
of those that were then massacred."
This book was written by Waterhouse,
" Published by Authoritie," and " Im-
printed at London by G. Eld, for Rob-
ert Mylbourne, and are to be sold at
his shop, at the great South doore of
Pauls, 1622."
January 28, 1624, Waterhouse was
one of those who examined, compared,
and signed the first volume of the
Virginia Company's Records now pre-
served in the library of Congress at
Washington.
Waters, Edward. Born about
1585 ; in the service of Sir George
Somers ; with him in the shipwreck at
the Bermudas in 1609; went with him
in the Patience to Virginia iu 1610,
and in the same year returned with
him to the Bermudas. When Matthew
Somers sailed for England, he was one
of the three who remained to keep
possession of the island, and who
found the historic piece of " Amber
Greece." He remained in the Ber-
mudas until about November, 1615, at
which time he was a member of the
council, and went to the West Indies
for supplies. The badly mixed-up and
luifriendly account of this voyage given
in Smith's History is the only account
that I have seen. He left the Ber-
mudas for Virginia in 1618 or 1619 ;
WATERS — WATTS
1043
married, probably about 1620, Grace
O'Niel, and at the great massacre of
March, 1022, himself and wife were
taken prisoners by the Xanseniund
Indians, but finally made their escape.
In January, 1G25, he was living, aged
forty, witli his wife, aged twenty-one,
and two children, William and Mar-
garet, both born in Virginia, at Blount
Point, Elizabeth City. He was a cap-
tain, a burgess, and a justice of Eliza-
beth City, and was still living in
March, 1029, but died soou after. His
wife, who survived him nearly fifty-
three years, married, secondly, Col.
Obedience Robins.
The descendants of Capt. Edward
Waters are numerous and respectable
(some of them highly honorable) citi-
zens of this country, and it gives me
pleasure to be able to clear their an-
cestor of the crime of murder, which
Capt. John Smith fastened on him.
The real murderer was a sailor, named
Robert Waters ; he it was who re-
mained in the Bermudas with Chris-
topher Carter when Gates sailed to
Virginia in May, 1010. He returned
to England with Capt. Matthew So-
mers ; entered the service of the E. I.
Co., and died at sea on the voyage to
East India, August 6, 1614, " a man
long diseased in bodie, disturbed in
minde by torment of conscience, for a
man by him killed in Virginia."
"Watson, Thomas, esquire, 2. Sub.
£75; pd. £112 10s. September 28,
1601, Sir George Carey wrote to the
Mayor of Totness and his brethren,
"begging them to confer a burges-
shipp [M. P.] upon Mr. Thomas Wat-
son." He was a teller of the excheq-
uer ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1012; of
the N. W. P. Co., 1612 ; M. P. Rye,
1614; kniglited at Halstead, June 25,
1618, as of Kent.
"Wattey, William, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Watts, Sir John, clothworker, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £162 10s. " Son
to Thomas Watts of Buntingford in
Hertfordshire " ; married, probably
before 1568, Margaret, daughter of
Sir James Hawes, Lord Mayor of
London in 1574-75. On the 20th
of March, 1591, three ships, furnished
" at the special charges of Mr. John
Wattes, of London, merchant," sailed
for the relief of Ralegh's colony. In
1593 his fleet was before Havana
(Cuba), " wayting for purchase." In
a cause between Sir M. Morgan and
himself, he was designated as " Alder-
man Watts," May 17, 1593. "He
was elected alderman of Aldersgate
ward, October 26, 1594 ; chosen
sheriff, June 24, 1596." In 1598
Capt. John Watts (probably the alder-
man's son) commanded the Prosper-
ous in the Earl of Cumberland's voy-
age to Saint John de Porto Rico.
November 1, 1600, the Court of Ad-
venturers to the East Indies resolved
that " Alderman Watts, on account of
his great experience in shipping and
other directions in voyages to be used
as a committee in all things concerning
the business." An incorporator of the
E. I. Co., December 31, 1600 ; gov-
ernor of the company from April 11,
1601, to July, 1602 (Sir Thomas
Smythe having been implicated in
the Essex insurrection) ; removed to
Tower ward, April 21, 1601; knighted
at Whitehall, July 26, 1603 ; removed
to Aldersgate, May 29, 1605 ; and to
Langbourn, January 28, 160| ; Lord
Mayor of London, 1606-07 ; a mem-
ber of the Clothworkers' Company,
and on June 12, 1607, he entertained
King James I. at his house, adjoining
Clothworkers' Hall, "on which occa-
sion the King was made a free Broth-
er of the Clothworkers' Company, to
whose Hall they adjourned for the
purpose."
M. C. for Va. Co., 1609 ; member
of the Bermudas Company, 1615.
" He died in September, 1616, and
was buried at Ware, Hertfordsliire,
September 7, 1616." Chamberlain
wrote to Carleton in his gazette letter
of October 12, 1616, " Sir John
Watts, our neighbour at Ware, died
likewise upon two days' warning, be-
ing as lusty a man of his years as I
know any." In his will "lie left a
sum of £4 per annum for the relief
of the poor of Buntingford, Herts, his
native place; £10 to Christ's Hospital,
and £20 to St. Thomas's Hospital in
Southwark, London."
His eldest son, also Sir John Watts,
was knighted at Plymoutli, Septem-
ber 23, 1625. About 1626 he wrote
" A Discourse upon Trade." In 1629
he was consulted as " a seaman of
great note " regarding the differences
1044
WAYNAM — WELD
between Lords Carlisle and Montgom-
ery concerning their possessions in the
West Indies. Abont 1637 he wrote a
treatise, setting forth a design for the
taking of Hispaniola, entitled " Tliis
relation is for future times," etc.
■Waynam. See Weynman.
Webbe, Edward, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £100. Probably the author of
" Tlie Rare and most Wonderful
Things which J^dward Webbe, an
Englishman borne, hath seene and
passed in his troublesome Travailes,
in the cities of Jerusalem, Dammaske,
Bethlem, and Galely ; and in the
Landes of Jewrie, Egipt, Grecia, Rus-
sia, and in the Land of Prester John,
etc., Loudon, 1590." The women
were not so kind to Webbe as they
were to Capt. John Smith.
Webbe, Captain George. Cap-
tain of the Lion ; was living in Vir-
ginia in 1G16.
Webbe, Richard, haberdasher, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £62 10s.
"Webbe, Sandys, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Webbe, Thomas, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £12 10s.
Webbe, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. . One of these, Thomas
Webbes, went to Virginia in 1606, and
was still living July 10, 1621, when
the company allowed him three shares
of land on account of his services in
Virginia, and one of them was prob-
ably a member of the Massachusetts
Companv.
Webster, William ,2. Sub. ;
pd. £37 10s. Probably related to
John Webster, the dramatist.
Weeks, Thomas, clothworker. Pd.
£12 10s.
"Welby, William, stationer, 2.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £87 10s. He sold
live shares of land in the Bermudas
to Robert Rich, second Earl of War-
wick.
Welch, Edward, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Weld, Sir Humphrey, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £37 10s. Fourth son
of .John Weld, of Eaton in Cheshire,
by his wife Joaima, daughter of John
FitzHugh of Congleton ; born about
1546 ; admitted as a member of the
Court of Assistants of the Grocers'
Company, May 3, 1596 ; assessed at
£60 for iiis share of the Grocers' Com-
pany's contribution towards loan levied
on the city of London by the queen in
1598 ; an alderman of London for
Farringdon ward ; sheriff of London in
1599 ; a member of the Rus. Co. ;
kniglited by King James, July 26,
1603 ; Lord Mayor of London, 1608-
09; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609. He
took an active part in advancing the
interest of the Virginia colony during
the term of his mayoralty.
He gave £100 to be distributed
among the several hospitals ; died
November 29, 1610, aged 64, and is
buried in St. Olave's, London ; mar-
ried Mary Ann, daughter of Nicholas
Wheeler, Esq., and left a son and
successor, John Weld, afterwards
knighted, who was also interested in
Virginia.
In the Warden's Accounts of the
Grocers' Company, A. D. 1610-11, is
the following : " Item, Receaved of
the Right Worshipful Dame Mary
Weld wydowe and John Weld Esqre
Executors of the Right worshipful Sir
Humfrey Weld kniglit deceased the
the some of £20 by him given to make
a dynner for the Livery of tliis Com-
pany attending his corps to Church on
the day of his funeral."
Weld, John, esquire, 3. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £37 10s. Of Arnolds,
County Middlesex ; son of Sir Hum-
frej^ aforesaid ; founder of Southgate
Chapel, Edmonton parish, Middlesex,
which was consecrated by Bishop King
in 1615. I take him to be the Sir John
Wilde who was knighted at Theo-
bald's, November 11, 1617. He died
in 1622, and was buried in the chapel,
Edmonton, where there is a monument
to his memory. He married Frances,
daughter of William Whitmore, Esq.,
and was the ancestor of the Welds of
Lulworth, Dorset.
Weld, John, gentleman. N. Fid.
Co. Son of John Weld, of London ;
was a first cousin to John Weld, es-
quire and knight, aforesaid. He was
"of London Towne Clarke and of
Willey Com. Sallop Esqr," and was
living in 1633 (see Visitation, ii. 336) ;
admitted to the office of town clerk,
April 27, 1613 ; discliarged by Com-
mon Council, October 27, 1642 ;
knighted in 1642 ; readmitted town
clerk, September 21, 1660, and died
in 1666 ; married Elizabeth, eldest
WELLES — WEST
1045
daughter of Sir William Romney of
Loudon, knight and alderman.
Welles, Thomas, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £'2o. There was a Wil-
liam Wells, grocer, at this time ; but
no Thomas. However, there was a
Thomas Wells of London, mercer. I
suppose this to be either \A'illiam
Welles, grocer, or Thomas Welles,
mercer. There nuist be a mistake
cither as to his Christian name, or as
to his occupatiou.
Weutworth, Sir John. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £12 10s. Of Gosfield,
County Essex ; licensed to travel for
three years, February 20, 1604; again
licensed to travel for three years, July
25, 1009 ; created a baronet, June 29,
1611 ; married a daughter of Sir Moyle
Finch ; died in October, 1631. He
was probably M. P. for Wottou Basset
in 1601.
Wentworth, Thomas, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . This was either
Thomas AVentworth, Esq., of North
Elmsal, Yorkshire, born about 1590,
and died in 1650, who married, first,
Mary, daughter of Sir William Bam-
borough, and, secondly, Martha, daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Hayes, Lord Mayor
of London ; or Thomas Wentworth,
Esq., of Wentworth Woodhouse in
Yorkshire, born April 13, 1593 ; the
unfortunate statesman, so well known
in history as the Earl of Strafford ;
beheaded on Tower Hill, May 12, 1611.
He married, first, Lady Margaret Clif-
ford, daughter of Francis, Earl of
Cumberland, and, secondly. Lady Ara-
bella Holies, daughter of John, Earl
of Clare.
"West Pedigree. (Extract.) Sir
Thomas West ^, second Lord De la
Warr, of the new creation, married,
November 19, 1571, Anne, daughter
of Sir Francis Knollys, by his wife,
Katherine Gary (first cousin to Queen
Elizabeth, and sister to Henry Cary,
first Lord Hunsdon), and had issue,
thirteen children, as follows : —
i. Elizabeth, born September 11,
1573 ; sponsors in baptism, Queen
Elizabeth, the Countess of Lincoln ^,
and the Earl of Leicester 3. (She
married, in 1594, Herbert Pelham, Sr.,
and had issue, Thomas Pelham, Esq.,
of the Va. Co )
ii. Robert, born January 3, 1575 ;
sponsors, the Earl of Leicester'*, Sir
Francis Knollys'', and the Countess of
AN'arwick ^. (He married, but died
without issue in June, 1594.)
iii. Thomas, born July 9, 1577 ;
sponsors, Sir Thomas Sherley *', Mr.
West^ of Testwood, and the Lady
Anne Askin ^. (See hereafter.)
iv. Walsiugham, born November 13,
1578 ; sponsors. Sir Francis Walsiug-
ham '••, the Lord De la Warr ^'^, and the
Countess of Pembroke ^^. (He died
young.)
V. Lettice (or Letitia), born Novem-
ber 24, 1579 ; sponsors, the Countess
of Essex ^'-, the Lady Leyghtou ^^, and
the Lord Hunsdon ^*.
vi. Anne, born May 21, 1581 ; spon-
sors, the Lady Anne Askin,^ the Lady
Cary ^^, and Sir Christopher Hattou ^^.
vii. Penelope, born September 9,
1582 ; sponsors, the Lady Penelope
Rich 1'', the old Lady Chandose '*, Mr.
Philip Sidney ^^, and Mr. Folke Gre-
vell 20. (She married, in 1599, Her-
bert Pelham, Jr., and had issue, six-
teen children, of whom the following
went to New England, viz. : Herbert
(first treasurer of Harvard College),
William, John, Elizabeth, and Penel-
ope, who married Gov. Richard Bel-
lingham.)
viii. Katherine, born December 27,
1583; sponsors, Catherine, Countess of
Huntingdon '^\ tlie Lady Catherine
Howard --, and William Knollys '■^^.
(Said to have died young.)
ix. Francis, born October 28, 1586 ;
sponsors, Sir Francis Knollys *, Mr.
Francis Hastings ^■*, and the Countess
of Hartford -°. (Went to Virginia (see
hereafter).)
X. Helena, bom December 15,
1587 ; sponsors, the Lady Helena,
Marques of Northampton -^, the Lady
Sidney ^", and the Earl of Essex '-®.
(She married Sir William Savage of
Winchester, recorder.)
xi. Anne, born February 13, 1589 ;
sponsors, the Lady Hennige-^, Mrs.
Edmonds ^o, and Mr. John Stanhope ^^.
(She married John, son of Sir Ben-
jamin Pellet.)
xii. John, born December 14, 1590;
sponsors, Sir Jolm Norris ^-, Mr. John
Foskir ^^, Mrs. Scudamore ^*, and Mrs.
Ratelifi'e ^^ (Went to Virginia (see
hereafter).)
xiii. Nathaniel, born November 30,
1592 ; sponsors. Sir Francis Knollys,
1046
WEST
Jr. 8s, Mr. Tasbnrgh ^'', and the Lady-
Robert KnoUys^^. (Went to Virginia,
and died there (see hereafter).)
The second Lord De la Warr died
at Wherwell, Southampton, on the 24:th
of March, 1G02, and was succeeded by
his second, but eklest surviving son,
Sir Thomas West, of whom here-
after.
Notes on the West Pedigree.
1. He was a great-grandson of Sir
Thomas West, eighth Lord De la
Warr, who was installed a Knight of
the Garter in the second year of King
Henry VIIL He was of an ancient
and honorable family. Old Gerard
Legh, in his " Accedens of Armorie "
(1568), says, " This noble Knight of
worthy fame did beare twelve severall
cotes [of arms]. The first whereof
is Argent, a fesse dans^, Sable, by the
name of West. The second Geules,
crusul^ boton^ fytche, a Lion ram-
pande Argent, by the name of La-
warre. The third is Azure, three
Leopardes Heads jessant Flowers Or,
by the name of Cantelupe. The
fowerth [giving the arms] Mortimer."
Fifth Peverell ; sixth Tregose ; sev-
enth Forte ; eightli Fitzperse ; ninth
Verst. " The tenth. Argent, on a
bende betweene two bendelets geules,
three mullettes Or, persed, by the
name of Hakelet " [Hakluyt]. Elev-
enth Grisley, and twelfth Thorley.
This old baron and Knight of the
Garter married twice, and by his wives
left five sons and four daughters who
married into the leading families of
England.
2. Elizabeth, third wife of Edward
Clinton, Earl of Lincoln. She is
known as Surry's " Fair Geraldine."
Her nephew, Gerald Fitzgerald, Lord
Ophely, married Catherine Knollys,
the child's aunt. The Wests and Clin-
tons were also nearly related.
3. Robert Dudley, Earl of Leices-
ter, the child's cousin.
4. The child's grandfather.
6. Lady Anne Russell, wife of Am-
brose Dudley, Earl of Warwick.
G. The child afterwards married his
daugliter.
7. Tlie child's great-uncle.
8. Probably Anne, daughter of the
Earl of Lincoln, who married Sir Fran-
cis Ascouffh.
9. Patron of American colonization
by the English.
10. The child's grandfather, distin-
guished at St. Quintin ; the first Lord
De la Warr of the new creation.
11. Mary Sidney, the child's cousin.
12. The child's aunt ; and then
really the wife of 3.
13. The child's aunt.
14. The patron of Cavendish, and
great-uncle to the child.
15. Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas
Morgan and wife of 14.
16. Patron of Sir Francis Drake.
17. Penelope Devereux, sister to
the Earl of Essex, and first cousin to
the child. " The Stella " of Sir Philip
Sidney. She was then the wife of
Lord Rich, and became the mother of
the second Earl of AVarwick.
18. She married, secondly, William
Knollys, the child's uncle.
19. The celebrated Sir Philip Sid-
ney, and (20) his friend Foulke Gre-
veil.
21. Daughter of John Dudley, Duke
of Northumberland.
22. Daughter of 14.
23. The child's uncle.
24. The father of George, fourth
Earl of Huntingdon.
25. Frances, sister of Charles How-
ard, and second wife of Edward Sey-
mour, Earl of Hertford.
26. She married, secondly, Sir
Thomas Gorges.
27. Frances, daughter of Sir Fran-
cis (9) Walsingham, and widow of Sir
Philip Sidney (19).
28. Robert Devereux, Earl of Es-
sex, whom 27 afterwards married.
29. Anne, daughter of Sir Nicholas
Poyntz, and wife of Sir Thomas Hene-
age. (She was a friend to the Rev.
Jolm Fox.)
30. ?
31. Afterwards Lord Stanhope.
32. He commanded the joint expedi-
tion with Drake to Portugal.
33. 34, 35. I cannot identify these
with any certainty.
36. The child's uncle. He com-
manded a ship in Drake's voyage to
America in 1585-86.
37. Married the child's aunt.
38. Married the child's uncle.
■West, Captain Francis, esquire, 2.
Sub. ; pd. 25. Born October 28,
1586 (see West pedigree) ; went to
WEST
1047
Virginia with Newport about July,
1G08; elected a meraber of the council
there in August, 1609, and soon after,
while at " The Falles " (Richmond) an
"unkindness" arose between Captain
Smith and him. Spelman says, " Capt.
Smith at that time replied litell, but
afterward conspired with the Pow-
hatan to kill Capt. Weste, which plott
took but small effect, for in ye mean-
time Capt. Smith was aprehended, and
sent abord for England."
About January, 1610, Captain West
returned to England in the Swallow,
arriving there in May. He probably
returned to Virginia the same year
(1610) in June or December. After
Percy left in 1612, West succeeded
him as commander at Jamestown, in
which office he continued for many
years, being, I am quite sure, a mem-
ber of the council also. He was cer-
tainly a member of the Council in Vir-
ginia from April, 1619, to February,
1633. He was one of those who, in
1620, petitioned to have " some man
of qualitye sent Governor unto Vir-
ginia."
In January, 1622, he was one of the
signers of the certificate indorsing
Capt. John Martin ; March 22, 1622,
in the great massacre, the Indians
killed two men on his jjlantation " at
Westover, about a mile from Berkley
Hundred." In November, 1622, he
was commissioned by the New England
Council to be admiral of New Eng-
land ; his instructions having been
drawn up by Sir Ferdinando Gorges.
He was in Virginia in March, 1623 ;
went to New England in May or June ;
returned to Virginia ; again in New
England in August, and was still there
when the governor, Robert Gorges,
arrived " about ye middle of Septem-
ber." " Captaine Francis West, ye
aforesaid admirall," had also been ap-
pointed a member of the Governor's
Council. He left New England soon
after, and had arrived in Virginia
some time prior to February 16, 1624,
when he was living "at West and
Sherley hundred Hand." " Westover "
and " Sherley," the original plantations
of his brothers and himself, are now
historic seats on the James. In 1625
he was living, for some reason, on the
company's land in "Elizabeth Cittie,"
and his brother Nathaniel's widow,
Mrs. Frances West, and her infant son
Nathaniel were living with him.
About November 14, 1627, he was
elected governor of Virginia, and con-
tinued in that office until March o,
1629, when Dr. John Pott was elected
in his place, as he had been chosen to
go to England to settle some disputes.
He arrived in England in the same
year, and while there he resisted the
planting of Lord Baltimore's proposed
colony within the limits of Virginia.
He returned to Virginia prior to De-
cember, 1631, when I find him attend-
ing a meeting of the council here ;
again in February and September,
1632, and in February, 1633. After
the last date I have found no mention
of him in our records. " There is a
tradition in the Earl of De la Warr's
family that he was drowned."
May 2, 1645, on the recommenda-
tion of the Lord Mayor, Aldermen,
and Common Council of London the
House of Lords appointed a Colonel
Francis West to be lieutenant of the
Tower of London. He died August
11, 1652. The members of tlie Virginia
Council are always styled " Colonel "
in our old records, and this may be
our Virginia colonel ; but the name is
a hard one to trace. There were at
least three " armigers " of this name
living in or about London at this time.
West, John, esquire. Twelfth
cjiild of the second lord (see West
pedigree). At the time of the massa-
cre, March, 162 J, Capt. Francis West,
Master John West, and Capt. Nathan-
iel West, each had a plantation " at
Westover, about a mile from Berkley
Hundred," and the Indians killed two
men at each plantation. I do not
know when he first came to Virginia;
he was a burgess 1629-30; member of
the council, 1630 to his death ; gov-
ernor of the colony from May, 1635, to
January, 1637 ; marshal and muster
master-general, 1641. He died about
1659, leaving, by his wife Anne, a son
John, many of whose descendants have
been distinguished in the annals of this
country.
West, John, grocer, 2. Sub. £37
10s.; pd. £50. The name of his first
wife, who was the motlier of his chil-
dren, is not known to me. He mar-
ried, secondly, Catharine, daughter of
Giles Hambier, of Ghent in Flanders
1048
WEST
(see Katharine West), and died about
1614, leaving a son, John West, Jr.
(next), and a daughter Mary, who
married William Harrison.
West, John, Jr., grocer. Of the
B. I. Co., sou of the above.
West (Fust), Katharine, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. She married, first,
Richard Fust, of Hill, Gloucester
(said to have been of the family of
John Fust, of Mentz in Germany, who,
about the year 1430, invented the art
of printing) ; he died in December,
1613 ; she then married John West,
grocer; and then Sir Edward Conway.
Her will is dated March 29, 1637. She
left a large sum for charity in the care
of the Grocers, with Mary Harrison
(the daugliter of John West, grocer,
aforesaid) as an executrix.
West, Nathaniel, esquire. Thir-
teenth child of second lord. (See
West pedigree and the sketches of his
brothers.) He died in Virginia be-
tween April, 1623, and February, 1624.
West, Thomas, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £500. Third Lord De la Warr
(see West pedigree) ; born July 9,
1577 ; educated at Oxford, and was
a master of arts of that university ;
knighted by Essex at Dublin, Ii-eland,
Jidy 12, 1599. I have few particulars
of his early life ; but he served with
distinction in the Low Countries, and
probably this fact, or the fact tliat he
was a very strong Church of England
man, will account for the evident bit-
terness of Zuniga towards him. He
was implicated in the Essex rebellion,
February 8, 1601, and was imprisoned
"at Wood Street counter." On Feb-
ruary 19, Essex " asked pardon of his
father for bringing his son into danger,
who was unacquainted with the whole
matter." His father, the second lord,
died March 24, 1602, and he succeeded
as third Lord De la Warr, and also as a
member of the Privy Council of Queen
Elizabeth, and, on her death, became
a privy councilor to James 1. He
took the most active interest in tlie
American enterprise, and from about
1608 to his death he devoted his life
to tlie movement for establishing Eng-
lish Protestant colonies in the New
World ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609; first
governor and captain-general for life,
February 28, 1610. ()n his first voy-
age, and in Virginia, from March, 1610,
to June, 1611. He died while on his
way to Virginia, June 7, 1618, and the
news of his death reached England
October 5 following. John Pory says
"he died in Canada." Baker, in his
Chronicles, says " he arrived and died
in Virginia." (The Virginia of that
day extended to 45° north latitude.)
Smith says " his ship stood in for the
coast of New England." It seems
quite certain that he died on our
northern shore. Stitli says, " And I
think I have somewhere seen that he
died about tlie mouth of the Delaware
Bay;" but this idea must have been
purely imaginary, for I have searched
in vain for any evidence of it.
He was married, on November 25,
1596, in the old church of St. Duustan
in the West, Fleet Street, London, to
" Cesellye, daughter of Sir Thomas
Shei'ley," and sister of the three cele-
brated brother travelers. The cere-
mony was performed by the Rev.
Thomas White, D. D., prebendary of
St. Paul's Cathedral, vicar of St.
Dunstan's from 1575 to 1624, and
founder of the celebrated Sion College,
London.
The third lord's son and successor,
Henry, fourth Lord De la Warre, mar-
ried Isabella, daughter of Sir Thomas
Edmonds. He was elected M. C. for
Va. Co. February 5, 162 1. During
1619-23, his mother, the Lady De la
Warre, and himself transferred to
others many shares of land in Virginia.
Soon after the death of the third
lord, James I. granted his widow
Cecily a pension of £500 per annum
for thirty-one years, to be paid out of
the customs of the plantation, and in
1634, the said grant being more than
half expired, she petitioned Charles I.
for a renewal of the same " for thirty-
one years from the present time," on
the ground " that the great profits
and advantages accruing from thence
are due to the large sums of money ex-
pended by her late husband out of her
jointure, while he was settling the
plantation, where he died and k-i't her
burdened Avith many debts, and only
£10 per annum to maintain herself
and seven children." We find the
great services rendered by the third
Lord De la Warr, in the matter of
founding the colony, officially ac-
knowledged at various times by the
WEST — WHEATLEY
1049
crown, by the company, and by the col-
ony ; and if any one man can be called
the fonnder of Virginia (i. e., this
country) 1 believe that he is that man.
The late representative of Great Brit-
ain in the United States, the Hon.
Sackville-West, descends from him in
the direct male line.
West, Captain William. Lord
De la Warr's nephew. He was killed
by the Indians at the falls of James
River, Virginia, in 1611.
Weston, Garret. Pd. £12 lOs.
Westro'w, John, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£37 10s.
Westwood, Humfrey, goldsmith,
2. Sub. ;pd. £62 10s. The gold
ore which Ralegh brought from Gui-
ana, in 1.j95, was first assayed by
Master Westwood, a refiner, dwelling
in Wood Street. He was on the
"jury of sixteen of the most honest,
skillfullest, and best reputed gould-
smiths," who tried the money in the
mint. May 9, 1611 ; died in 1622, and
was buried at Tottenham.
Wetwood (Welwood ?), Ran-
dall, 2. Sub. ; pd. £25.
Weymouth, Captain George.
Made a voyage to discover a Northwest
passage in 1593 ; another. May to
September, 1602 ; to our New Eng-
land coast, March to July, 1605 ; pen-
sioned in 1607 ; employed at Wool-
wich in 1609.
Weynman — Wenman — Wey-
man — Waynenian — Wayman —
Waynam, etc.. Sir Ferdinando, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Master of the
ordnance in Virginia, 1610. " June 28,
1620, Sir Ferdinando Weynman al-
lowed upon account to his daughter,
for £100, adventured with ye Lord La
Warr, 4 shares in Virginia." " More
allowed his said daughter for adven-
ture of his person, 4 shares in Vir-
ginia " (from Va. Co. Records).
Thomas Wa.yneman, esquire, mar-
ried, June 9, 1572, Jane West, an aunt
of the third Lord De la Warr. Sir
Ferdinando was their son. Mr. Neill, in
" Virginia Vetusta " (p. 75, note), says
he " married Ann, daughter of Sir
Samuel Sandys, and her sister became
the wife of Sir Francis Wyatt, after-
wards governor of Virginia."
Weynman (etc.), Sir Thomas,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Of Oxford;
knighted at the Charterhouse, May
11, 1603. Sir Robert and Sir Francis
Wenman were also members of the
Va. Co. at a later period.
Wharton, Sir George, 2. Sub,
; pd. . Eldest son of the
third Lord Wharton. M. P. for West-
moreland in 1601 ; made a Knight of
the Bath at the coronation of King
James, July 25, 1603 ; fell in a duel
with his friend, Sir James Stuart,
son of Lord Blantyre, November 8,
1609 ; both combatants were slain,
and both interred in one grave at Is-
lington, by the king's command, on
November 10, 1609.
Wheatley — Whitley — Whit-
ney, Thomas, grocer, 2. Sub. £37
10s. ; pd. £87 10s. Of the E. I. and
N. W. P. companies ; one of the com-
mittee of directors of the Va. Co. of
London, April 28, 1619; active in the
affairs of that company and of the
S. I. Co. during 1619-24 ; elected to
his Majesty's Council of the Va. Co.
in June, 1623.
He was quite certainly the " well dis-
posed gentleman that desires not to
be named," who gave eight sermons
yearly to the parish of St. Mildred,
Poultry ; one to be delivered at the
beginning of August in commemora-
tion of God's great mercy in deliver-
ing the nation from the Invincible
Armada of Spain in 1588 ; another on
the 17th of November, in commemora-
tion of God's great mercy in deliver-
ing us from under the more than
Egyptian bondage of Popish slavery,
and restoring true religion to this
nation. The other six sermons to be
preached in their several seasons upon
the doctrines of the nativity, passion,
resurrection, ascension of our Lord
Jesus, upon the coming down of the
Holy Ghost, and the Trinity. He
1050
.WHEELER — WHITBOURNE
gave the minister fifteen shillings for
preaching each sermon, and he gave
ten shillings to the poor on the day of
each sermon. By his will, in 1653,
he increased the minister's fee to
twenty shillings, and the gift to the
poor to the same amount. He was
also a benefactor of the Grocers'
Company.
Wheeler, Nicholas. Sub. £12
10s.; pd. £12 10s.
"Wheeler, Thomas, draper, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Of the E.
I. Co.
Whistler, Francis, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
Whitaker, Rev. Alexander, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . Son of Rev.
William Whitaker ; born at Cam-
bridge in 1585 ; M. A. Cambridge
about 1604 ; had a good parish in the
northern part of England, but deter-
mined to go as a missionary to Vir-
ginia ; went with Dale in March,
1611, with pu^-pose to stay three
years ; preacher to the colony at Hen-
rico in 1612 and after ; living at Rock
Hall, his parsonage, on the church
land opposite Henrico in 1614 ; min-
ister at Bermuda Nether Hundred in
the spring of 1616 ; drowned before
June, 1617.
It has been claimed that he married
Rolfe to Pocahontas ; but I have not
seen the evidence of it, circumstantial
or otherwise. The only evidence that
I have seen is circumstantial, and it
points quite conclusively to the Rev.
Mr. Bucke, the minister at James-
town, — where it is said the ceremony
was performed, — the friend of Rolfe,
and a witness to his will.
Whitaker, Dr. (William). The
father of Alexander Whitaker; a cele-
brated Puritan divine ; born in 1547 ;
became the head of St. John's College,
Cambridge, and died in 1595. Nicholas
Culverwell (a relative to Judith Cul-
ver well, tlie first wife of Sir Thomas
Smythe), a citizen of London, and
Queen Elizabeth's merchant for wines,
was the father of the famous Puritan
divines, Ezekiel and Sannul Culverwell,
and of three daughters, who married
respectively Dr. Laurence Chaderton,
Dr. Thomas Gouge, the father of Dr.
William Gouge, and Dr. William
Whitaker. Miss Culverwell was Dr.
Whitaker's fii-st wife, and the mother
of Rev. Alexander Whitaker, and
others. The doctor married, second-
ly, April 8, 1591, Joan, widow of
Rev. Dudley Fenner, who, it is said,
bore him eight children ; but this
seems unreasonable, as the doctor died
December 4, 1595, having survived
his marriage only about four years
and eight months. Many in America
claim descent from him.
Whitbourne, Captain Richard.
Of Exmouth, Devonshire ; a traveler
and adventurer into foreign countries
at 15 years of age ; often in France,
Spain, Italy, Portugal, Savoy, Den-
mark, Norway, Sprucela/id, the Ca-
naries and Soris Islands ; and New-
foundland was almost as well known
to him as his own countr}'. He made
his first voyage thither about 1579 ;
was there in 1583, wheu Sir Humfrey
Gilbert took possession and sailed
from thence towards Virginia ; was
again there in 1585, when Sir Bernard
Drake came with a commission, and
took many Portugal ships laden with
fish and carried them to England as
prizes. He served in a ship of his
own against the Spanish Armada in
1588, and afterwards made frequent
voy.'vges to Newfoundland. On one
of these voyages in 1610, he saw
something which he supposed was a
" Maremaide," but "whether it were
a Maremaid or no," he wisely left
" for others to judge." While on that
coast he fell into the hands of the
arch-pirate, Peter Eastou, in 1612, and
of Sir Henry Manwai'ing in 1614.
He returned to Newfoundland with a
commission out of the High Court of
Admiralty in 1615 ; a ship of his was
taken by a " French Pyrate of Ro-
chell " in 1616 ; was again sent over
with a commission (tliis time from
Henry Viscoimt Falkland) in 1618.
He published " A Discourse and Dis-
covery of Newfoundland " in 1620,
which the king and council indorsed
by letter of June 30, 1621. He pub-
lished as a sequel to this in 1622 " A
Discourse Containing A Loving In-
vitation . . . for the advancement of
his Majesties most hopefuU Plantation
in the New-Fovnd-Land." Dedicated
to Henry Viscount Falkland. By
letter of April 12, 1022, the king gave
Whitbourne the sole benefit of print-
ing his book for one and twenty years;
HENRY vVRIOTHESLEY
Third Earl of Souihamptoii
WHITBOURXE — WHITE
1051
commended the book to the Arch-
bishops of Canterbury and York ; had
it distributed in the several parishes
" for the incourageraent of Adventur-
ers unto the phintatiou there " and
ordered collections to be made in all
the parishes " towards tlie charge of
printing and distributing these bookes,
and the said Captaine Whitbourne's
good endeavours, and service with ex-
pence of his time and meanes in tlie
advancing of the said Plantation ; and
his severall great losses received at
Sea by Pyrats and otherwise, of which
his Maiesty hath beene ci'edibly certi-
fied . . . which will be both a good
incouragemeut unto others in the like
indeavours for the service of their
country, and some reward to him for
his great charge."
He was still living November 10,
162G, when he wrote a letter calen-
dared as " Sir Rich. Wliitbourne to
the Duke of Buckingham ; " but I
cannot find that he was ever knighted.
From this letter and an accompanying
certificate signed by Sir Edward Sey-
mour, John Drake, and eight others,
he seems to be intending to settle him-
self and others in Newfoundland. He
was then over sixty, I suppose. I find
nothing more of him.
Capt. John Smith, in his " General
History," gives some extracts from
Whitbourne's publications, but calls
him incorrectly " Captaine Charles
Whitbourne." It is highly probable
that Smith desired just such a letter
(in his behalf and in the behalf of his
books) as that from the king, of April
12, 1G22, to the archbishops.
White, James, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25.
White, Captain John. Went with
Lane to Roanoke in lo85, and re-
mained there until taken off by Drake
in 1586. He was an artist ; made
maps of the country, and drawings of
the inhabitants and of all curious
things. jSIany of these paintings are
now in the Sloaue collection and in
the Grenville Library in the British
Museum. One of those to whom Ra-
legh assigned, January 7, 1587 ; sailed
with the unfoiiunate colony to Roan-
oke, May 18; returned to England for
supplies, November 8, 1587. Again
sailed, April 25 ; but returned in May,
1588, without reaching the colony ;
one of those in the Indenture, March
7, 1589; some of his maps, drawings,
etc., were engraved by De Bry in
Hariot's Report of the Newfoundland
of Virginia in 1590 ; again sailed to
Roanoke on the voyage of March-
October, 1591. He wrote to Ralegh
" from my house at Newtowne in Kyl-
more, February 4, 159-t." (Several of
the De Bry engravings were used in
Smith's " (reueral History.")
White. John. Son of Henry White
of Henllan, Pembroke, esquire, and
his wife Jane, daughter of Thomas
Fletcher; was born June 29, 1590; at
Oxford, 1G07-1C11; "afterwards stud-
ied law and became a barrister and
counselor of eminence, and one of the
masters of the bench in the Middle
Temple ;" elected M. C. for Va. Co.
in May, 1623; counselor of the Mas-
sachusetts Company, and is supposed
to have drawn up their charter, 1628;
M. P. for Southwark, from 1640 till
his decease in January, 104 1. At the
time of his death he was one of the
lay members of the Westminster As-
sembly. While a member of the
Long Parliament, he served on the
committee " to inquire into the scan-
dalous immoralities of the clergy,"
and " The First Century of Scanda-
lous, Malignant Priests iMade and ad-
mitted into Benefices by the Prel-
ates," was published by him, by order
of Parliament, November 17, 1643.
Among the " Malignant Priests " we
find Rev. Lawrence Washington, the
father of Colonel John, the Virginia
emigrant.
(John White, the Puritan, must not
be confused with John White, the
Royalist, who v/as M. P. for Rye,
April-Maj', 1640, and of the Long
Parliament from November 3, 1640,
till disabled as a Royalist, February
5, 1G4|.)
White, Leonard, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Of the E. I. Co.; on
January 9, 1610, his adventure and
freedom in the E. I. Co. were made
over to Sir Richard Lovelace.
White, Thomas, grocer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £62 10s. Of the E. I.
Co.
White, William. He had formerly
lived with tlie Indians. Tliere was a
William White among the Roanoke
colonists of 1585-86; a Capt. William
1052
WHITLEY — WHITSON
White was exploring Guiana in South
America about 1609 ; and William
White of London, linen-draper, who
died about June, 1627, had interests in
Virginia (see his will in " N. E. Reg-
ister," January, 1887, p. 63). I have
a presentiment that the life of William
White was very interesting, and I do
not forgive Purchas for suppressing
his description of Virginia.
Whitley. See WJaeatley.
Whitmore, George, haberdasher,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Son of Wil-
liam Whitmore by his wife, Anne
Bond (sister of Capt. Martin Bond);
an incorporator of the E. I. Co. ; sher-
iff of London, 1621-22 ; alderman
of Farringdon Within ward, June 2,
1621, to November 7, 1626, then of
Langbourue ward to May, 1643 ; on
the Virginia Commission, July 15,
1624 ; Lord Mayor of London, 1631-
32 ; knighted May 27, 1632 ; seated
at Balmes, in Hackney Parish, Mid-
dlesex; a devoted Royalist, assisted
the king with money to the extent of
£15,000, and was imprisoned because
he would contribute nothing for the
service of Parliament ; died Decem-
ber, 1654 ; a great benefactor to St.
Paul's Cathedral and to the Haber-
dashers. Three of his sisters mar-
ried persons named in this Dictionary,
namely: Margaret, Sir Richard Grob-
ham, Elizabeth, Sir William Craven,
and Frances, Sir John Weld.
Whitson, Master John. Born at
Clearwell, in the parish of Newland,
in the County of Gloucester, about
1575 ; went to Bristol about 1575 ;
was servant to Mr. Trenchard, a wine-
cooper in Nicholas Street, who fitted
out ships for the sea in that line, and
probabh' had some share in their car-
goes ; became first clerk in his mas-
ter's counting-house, and when his
master died he married his widow
and carried on the business. When
the King of Spain laid the embargo
of 1585 on English ships, he was one
of the Bristol merchants who sent
out the " ]Marv-flowre," a ship of war
to take " Spauiardes goods at sea ; " the
venture was successful; but Whitson,
not liking the business, sold out to Mr.
Thomas James, and never after held
any part in " any prizall goods." He
gave many instances of his charity in
times of scarcity and sickness. He
served the office of mayor of Bristol
in 1603, in his house in St. Nicholas
Street ; in which year he aided in
sending Capt. Martin Pring to our
New England coast, on which voyage
Whitson's Head (now Cape Cod) and
AVhitson's Baj^ (now Cape Cod Bay)
were named for him. AVe find him re-
peatedly representing Bristol, in sun-
dry cases, before the courts at London ;
M. P. for Bristol, 1605-11 and 1614;
mayor of Bristol, 1615. " There was
a great question for precedencie be-
tween M'. Whitson and M^ James, in
the yeares 1616, and 1617 ; but in the
end M'. James yeelded and M". Whit-
son and M^ James were made good
freends." M. P. for Bristol, 1621-22,
in which Parliament he voted with
the " free traders." Admitted into
the Va. Co. of London, May 22, 1622 ;
again M. P. for Bristol, 1625. " No-
vember 7, 1626, he was violently as-
saulted by one Christopher Callowhill,
who having a naked knife in his hand
stabbed him therewith, through the
nose and lip into his mouth, thinking
to have killed him; the occasion was
a matter of debt, referred to him
(Whitson) to settle as arbitrator."
" Alderman Whitson died with a fall
from his horse, and was buried on
Mounday, March 9, 162 1, in the Crowd
of St. Nicholas Church, in Bristol ; "
where there is a monument, " In
Memory of that great Benefactor, to
This City, John Whitson, merchant,
twice Mayor and Alderman, and four
times member in Parliament for this
city; who died in the seventy-second
year of his age, A. D. 1629. A wor-
thy Pattern to all that come after
him!" In his will, dated March 27,
1627, we find, among others, the fol-
lowing bequests: —
To fifty-two chilf! Bf^d women,
To The Reil Mai.l's Hospital,
To the Redcliff Free School,
To the Merchant's Almshouse,
To Poor Scholars of Oxford,
To Poor Housekeepers,
To Poor Widows,
To St. Nicholas Clmrch,
£500. to the use of Merchants and
poor Tradesmen, interest free."
He wrote " The Aged Christian's
final farewell to the world and its
vanities," which was first published
" Per annuin.
£
s.
d.
52.
0.
0.
I'iO.
0.
0.
8.
10.
G.
2G.
0.
0.
20.
0.
0.
52.
0.
0.
2G.
0.
0.
3.
0.
0.
WHITTINGH AM — WILMOT
1053
in 1729, one hundred years after bis
deatli.
He married three times; one of his
wives was grandmother of John Au-
brey, the antiquary and naturalist.
Whittiiigham, John, grocer, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. "Late ap-
prentice to M'. Alderman Wclde ;
sworn to Freedom, January 10, 1598;
nihil quia Aldermannuo (no fee); ad-
mitted to the livery, May 22, 1G13."
(Grocers' Records.)
"Whittingham, Thomas, 2. Sub.
; pd. . In September, 1G09,
master's mate, Henry Ravens and the
Cape Merchant, Thomas Whittingham
sailed in the long boat from the Ber-
mtulas for Virginia, and were never
heard of again.
"Wickham, Rev. Williain. He
was still serving at Henrico in 1G19,
and possibly until 1621 a member of
the council in Virginia in 1619; sev-
eral members of this family were in
the East India service, and it is said
that the first reference to tea, by a
native of Britain, is found in a letter
written in the East Indies by a Mr.
Wickham, June 27, 101-5.
Widowes, Richard, goldsmith, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £25.
Wiffin, David. Pd. £12 10s.
Wiffin, Richard, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £12 10s. Went to Virginia in
1007.
Wigmore, Sir Richard, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Of Herefordshire ;
knighted at Newark, April 22, 1003.
In lOOl and 1605 he was licensed to
import 10,000 lasts of cod and ling fish
for twenty years.
"Wilde. (See Weld.)
Wilkes, Edward, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Willeston — Wollaston, Hugh,
2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. I believe
this to be the son of William Wollas-
ton, of Trescott Grange, by his wife,
"Miss eJordaine of Dunsley." He
was born in 1553 ; came to Virginia
in 1008, and died there in 1009. His'
nephew, John Wollaston, who received
a grant of New Hampshire, April 18,
1035, which he transferred to his
brother-in-law. Capt. John Mason,
June 11, 1035, was Lord Mayor of
London, 1644-45, and active under
Cromwell.
Willeston — Wollaston, Wil-
liam, 3. Sub. ; pd. £37 10s.
Probably the first cousin to John Wol-
laston, the Lord Mayor of London,
16 11 1 5. He was born in 1580; sher-
iff of Leicestershire, 1029, and of Staf-
fordshire, 1630 ; died December 10,
1666, aged 86.
(The Captain Wollaston who went
with Ralegh to Guiana, in 1617, was
probably the same who went to Mas-
sachusetts about 1625.)
Willet (or Wiliest), John, cloth-
worker, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. 37 10s.
Willet (or Wiliest), William.
Pd. £12 10s.
Williamson, Sir Richard, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Son of John William-
son, Esq., of Gainsborough, Lincoln-
shire, by his second wife, Jane, daugh-
ter of Christopher Dobson, Esq.;
knighted at Whitehall, May 30, 1604;
in some service on the borders in
1607-08 ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609. He
was master of requests in 1612, and
high stewai'd of the borough of East
Relford, Notts ; M. P. for Richmond
in 1614. The records of the Va. Co.
show that he died before 1620 ; but I
cannot find when or where.
V/illiamson, William. Pd. £50.
Of the E. L Co.
Willoughby, Sir Percival, 3.
Sub. £75; pd. £50. Knighted April
21, 1603 ; M. P. for Nottinghamshire,
1604-11 ; for Tamworth, 1614 ; died
about the beginning of the civil war.
Wilmer, Andrew, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25.
Wilmer, Clement, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. May 8, 1622, he
transferred to George Wilmer two
shares of land in Virginia.
"Wilmer, George, esquire, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Seated at Stratford
le Bow, County Middlesex ; married
Margaret, daughter of Marmaduke
Tweng, Esq., of Yorkshire ; May 8,
1622, purchased two shares in Virginia
of Clement Wilmer ; on the Virginia
Commission of July 15, 1624 ; died in
1026, and was buried in the church at
Westliam.
Wilmot, Sir Charles, 2. Sub.
1054
WILSFORD — WINGFIELD
£37 10s. ; pel. £52 10s. A distin-
guished soldier in Ireland ; knighted
by Essex at Dublin, August 5, 1599 ;
constable of Castlemain, 1600 - 05 ;
M. P. Launceston, 1614 ; president of
Counaught, 1616 to his death in 1644;
member of the Privy Council ; raised
to the peerage of Ireland as Viscount
Wihuot of Athlone, January 4, 1620.
His son was created Earl of Rochester
in 1652.
"Wilsford, Sir Thomas, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. £50. Of Ildinge,
County Kent ; knighted at Whitehall,
November 20, 1607; ]M. P. for Canter-
bury, 1625; married Elizabeth,,daugh-
ter of Sir Edwyn Sandys, of North-
bourne.
■Wilson, Felix, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£25.
"Wilson, Thomas, esquire, 2. Sub.
£37 10s.; pd. £37 10s. About the
year 1603 he was employed by Salis-
bury, on secret service in Spain, and
was awarded a pension for the same.
He became a secretary to Salisbur}^,
and keeper of the state papers ; M.
P. Newton, 1605-11 ; was much inter-
ested in new discoveries, foreign com-
merce, etc., and had many cori'esj^ond-
ents abroad (see Purchas, i. pp. 408-
413, and the East India papers) ; lived
" at his house at the Britaine Burse at
the Strand;" knighted at Whitehall,
July 20, 1618; keeper of Sir Walter
Ralegh from September 9 to his exe-
cution, October 29, 1618.
On July 14, 1622, he wrote that
" the Indians have killed in Virginia
at least 300 or 400 English, and but
for an accident, that gave warning,
man, mother, and child had all been
slain."
"Wimarke. (See Wymarke.)
"Wimbleton, Viscount. — Edward
Cecil.
Winch — "Wynche, Daniel, grocer,
2. Sub. ; pd. . Admitted a
freeman of the Grocers by patrimony
in 1591; paid £10 as his share of £20,-
000 levied on London by Queen Eliza-
beth in 1598; married Sibbell Shortis,
'^^U^ ^
>»xr?y»>*— «^
of London; resided in the parish of St.
Mildred, Poultry. He was buried in
that church, January 20, 162 1, and his
widow, who bequeathed monej^ to the
church, was buried therein, November
2, 1631 (see Wyche). One of the same
name was a member of the Massachu-
setts Company.
"Wingfield Pedigree. (Extract.)
Sir John Wingfield, of Letheringham,
of a family famous for their knighthood
and ancient nobility, dying in 1481,
left by his wife, Elizabeth Lewis, three
daughters and twelve sons. The elev-
enth son, " Sir Richard Winglield, of
Kimbolton Castle, one of the most dis-
tinguished soldiers of the era in which
he lived, was chancellor of the Duchie
of Lancaster ; lord dejjuty of Callis;
and made Knight of the Garter by
Henry VIII. ; " married, first, Kath-
erine, Duchess of Bedford and Buck-
ingham (daughter of Richard Wood-
ville. Earl Rivers, sister of Elizabeth,
queen consort of Edward IV., aunt of
Elizabeth, queen consort of Henry
VII., and widow, first, of Henry Staf-
ford, Duke of Buckingham, and, sec-
ondly, of Jasper Tudor of Hatfield,
Duke of Bedford), by whom Sir Rich-
ard had no issue. He married, sec-
ondly, Bridget, daughter of Sir John
Wiltshire, and had all his children by
her. He died July 22, 1525, while
" ambassadour in Spain, and was buried
at Toledo." He had, with other chil-
dren, 1. Charles ; 2. Thomas-Maria ;
and 3. James.
1. Charles, his heir, of Kimbolton,
married Jane, sister to Sir Francis
KnoUys (see West pedigree); and his
great-grandson sold Kimbolton to Sir
Henry Montague. (The references to
Edward Wingfield, quoted in Neill's
" Virginia Vetusta," pp. 7-8, evidently
apply to a member of the Kimbolton
branch of the family; which Edward,
I think, was afterwards knighted.)
3. James, the third son of Sir Rich-
ard, was in service in Ireland as early
as 1574 (see George Lord Carew) ;
was master of the ordnance there ;
fought at Glenmalure, etc.
2. Thomas-Maria, apparently the
second son of Sir Richard, was so
christened by Queen Mary and Cardi-
nal Pole (his sponsors in baptism).
He was probably born about 1520 ; was
M. P. for Huntingdonshire, 7 Edward
VI., and in two Parliaments of Mary,
and in 2 and 3 Philip and Mary. He
married a daughter of Kerry or Kaye,
WINGFIELD — WINXE
1055
of Yorkshire, who bore him several
children, among whom were Edward-
Maria (of wjiom hereafter) and
Thomas-Maria, who commanded a
company in Leicester's army in the
Low Countries in 1585, and was
knighted in Irehmd, in tlie GIvnes, by
Sir William Russell, May 8, lo97.
Sir Richard Wingiield's widow, the
Lady Bridget, married, secondlj'. Sir
Nicholas Hervey, gentleman of the
privy chamber to Henry VIII., and
bore him several children. Among
her Hervey grandchildren (first cousins
to Capt. Edward-Maria Wing-field)
were George Lord Carew, William
Lord Hervey (whose first wife, Mary,
was widow of Henry, second Earl of
Southampton and mother of Henry,
the third earl), and Margaret Hqrvey,
who married William Mildmay, first
cousin to Governor Winthrop, of Mas-
sachusetts (see Sir Henry Mildmay).
Lady Bridget Wingfield married,
thirdly, Sir Robert Tyrwhytt.
Wingfield, Captain Edward-Ma-
ria, esquire, 1, 2. Sub. ; pd.
£88. " Of Stoneley Priorye " in
Huntingdonshire ; born about 1560,
probably before that date ; a soldier,
as his forefatliers were ; served in
Ireland ; then in the Low Countries,
where he was a prisoner of war at
Lisle, with Ferdiuando Gorges and
others, in 1588; and afterwards served
in Ireland. The only member of the
first colony mentioned in the first
charter who came with the first plant-
ers to Virginia. He was elected. May
14, 1607, the first president of the first
council in the first English colony in
America. " There were never English-
man left in a f orreigne Coimtrye in such
miserie as wee were in this new-dis-
covered Virginia." They were as-
sailed by pestilence and famine.
Wingfield was blamed for what he
could not prevent, and was made a
scapegoat by the other members of
the council, who deposed him, not only
from the presidency, but from the
council also, September 10, 1607. He
left Virginia April 10, and arrived in
England May 21, 1608. I cannot find
that he ever returned to Virginia again.
He was still living, and unmarried,
in 1613. When he died I do not
know.
He was a man of age (probably near
fifty) and long experience in the wars
when he went to Virginia, and was pre-
sumably thought to be better qualified
for the positit)n to which lie was elected
than any other one of the colonists
(see XLIX. for his defense of his
services in Virginia); but in the midst
of the terrible misfortunes which as-
sailed the colonists, the serious charges
were brought against him by his oppo-
nents: that he was a Catholic, that he
did not bring a Bible with him, that he
conspired with the Spaniards to destroy
Virginia, etc. He was of a Catholic
family — Cardinal Pole and Queen
Mary were sjjonsors for his father —
and such charges brought against him
under sucli circumstances necessarily
destroyed every prospect of his useful-
ness in a colony being established espe-
cially in the interests of Protestantism,
directly antagonistic to Romanism.
During his absence in Virginia, in
1608, a relative named an infant son
for him, which Edward-Maria was
knighted ; died in 1670, and was
buried at Richmond in Surrey.
Mr. Richard and Sir Robert AVing-
field also had interests in Virginia
soon after 1616, and possibly before
that date.
Winne ("Wynne), Edmund, mer-
chant-tailor, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ; jid.
62 10s. Son of George; he patented
lands in Virginia in 1621.
Winne (Gwiun), Captain 0"wen,
esquire, 3. Sub. £37 10s.; pd. £50.
Son of Sir John Wynn (1553-1626),
the author of the " History of the
Gwydyr Family," by his wife Sidney,
daughter of Sir William Gerrard. At
the death of his elder brother. Sir
Richard Wynne, baronet of Gwydyr,
in 1649, Captain Owen (who, it seems,
had been knighted) succeeded him in
the baronetcy. He married Grace,
daughter of Hugh Williams, and died
about 1660.
Winne (etc.). Captain Peter, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . Died in A'ir-
ginia in the spring of 1609. Not
knowing of his death, and reposing
especial confidence in him. Sir Tliomas
Gates, having been wrecked on the
Bermudas, selected him from the mem-
bers of the council in Virginia to be his
lieutenant-governor there, and sent to
him, b\' a bark of Aviso, a particular
commission.
1056
WINNE — WINWOOD
"Winne — "Wynne, Capt. Thomas,
2. Sub. ; pd. £25.
"Winston, Dr. Thomas. Son of
Thomas Wynstoii, of Panswick in
Com. Gloucester, by bis wife Juditb,
daugbter of Roger Lancaster, of Hert-
fordsbire, was born in 1575 ; educated
at Clare Hall, Cambridge ; studied
medicine at Aquapeudente, Padua, and
Basil; professor of physic at Gresbam
College from 1615 to 1642; was a
constant attendant on the meetings of
the Va. Co. of London until October,
1621; was interested with Dr. Bobune
in bis Virginia plantation in 1619; was
one of the editors (appointed Decem-
ber 15, 1619) of " A Declaration of
the state of the Colonic and Affaires in
Virginia," etc., published in 1620.
William Capps, of Virginia, corre-
sponded with him; was "Doctor iu
Pbisick to our Dread Soveraigne Lord
King Cbarles." He went abroad in
1642, and stayed about ten years in
France; died October 24, 1655. His
" Anatomy Lectures at Gresbam Col-
lege, London," were published in 1659.
Winter, Captain Edvv^ard. Son
of Admiral Sir William Winter; with
the Drake expedition to America,
1585-86; M. P. for Newport, 1586-87;
served as captain of a ship against the
Armada, 1588; M. P. Gloucestershire,
1588-89; knighted in 1595; M. P.
Gloucestershire, 1601 ; was still living
in January, 1608. He married a sister
of Henry, first Marquis of Worcester,
whose eldest son became famous for
the part which he took towards discov-
ering the steam-engine. Two of Capt.
Edward Winter's sons, Frederick and
Edward, came to Maryland in 1633.
Winter, Master Nicholas. Son of
Admiral Sir William Winter.
"Winter, Captain "William. Com-
manded the English fleet in tlie north,
on the coast of Scotland ; partner in
the Hawkins voyage, 1562-63 ; in
charge of the ships at sea before New
Haven (Havre) in August, 1563; in-
terested iu the Hawkins voyage,
1564-65; sent with Sir Thomas Smith
to demand of the King of France the
restitution of Calais in 1567; inter-
ested in the Hawkins voyage of
1567-69, and the subsequent events;
conducted a great treasure of the
Genoan merchants safely into the
Netherlands iu 1569 ; knighted in
1573. Richard Eden dedicated " A
very necessarie and profitable Booke
concerning Navigation " to " Sir Wm.
Wynter, Master of the Ordnance," in
1574. On November 4, 1575, bis wife,
the Lady Mary Winter, died at his
house in Seething Lane, London, and
was buried at Lidney in the Forest of
Dean, Gloucestershire. With Robert
Beale, clerk of the council, he was em-
ployed into Zealand, to demand the
restitution of English ships in 1576.
" A booke called the ' Treasure for
Travellers,' " was dedicated to " Sir
William Winter, Master of the Queues
Maiesties Ordinance by Sea, Survaior
of her highnesses marine causes," in
1578 ; commanded the ships before
Fort-del-Ore in 1580; vice-admiral of
England; distinguished himself in the
fight with the Armada in 1588; founded
the navy office in Seething Lane. The
date of his death is not known to me.
The names of three of his sons will be
found in this work, Edward, Nicholas,
and William. A great-grandson of
Vice-admiral Winter was the cele-
brated Sir Edward Wynter, who lived
at Yorkhouse, Battersea, and died there
in 1686. His epitaph quite casts that
of Capt. John Smith into the shade.
"Alone unarm'd a tyger he oppressed
And crush'd to deatli the monster of a beast.
Twice twenty mounted Moors he overthrew
Singly on foot, some wounded, some he slew.
Dispersed the rest — what more could Samson
do? —
True to his friends, a terror to his foes. —
Here now iu peace his honor'd bones repose."
■Winter, Captain "William, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Sen of Vice-admiral
Sir William Winter. He was stationed
at Portsmouth in 1609, and was then
the oldest captain in the navy, and bad
served well for many years.
"Wiuwood, Sir Ralph, 3. Sub.
; pd. £75. Born at Aynhoe iu
Northamptonshire about 1565 ; fellow
Magdalene College, Oxford, 1582 ;
M. A. June, 1587 ; bachelor of civil
law, 1590, and proctor in 1592. He
was secretary to Sir Henry Neville,
ambassador to France, iu 1599 ; ap-
pointed by King James as resident
counselor to the States General, June
24, 1603; knighted at Riclimond, June
28, 1607; joint-ambassador to Holland,
August, 1607 ; ambassador to the
Hague 1608 to 1613; M. P. for Buck-
ingham, 1614 ; made a secretary of
WIRRALL — WOLSTENHOLME
1057
state in Marcb, 1614 ; member S. I.
Co., June 29, 1615. He was bitterly
opposed to Spain, and is said to liave
urged Ralegh, on his voyage to Guiana
iu 1617, "to break the peace at all
hazards, and to fall upon the Mexico
fleet as the best means of bringing
James I. to a rupture with Spain;"
but he died before Ralegh's return, at
his house in the Great Bartholomew's,
London, October 27 or 28, 1617, and
was buried in the church of St. Bar-
tholomew the Less.
"Wirrall, Sir Hugh, 2. Sub. ;
pd. £25. Knighted at Whitehall, July
L3, 1603. He settled a plantation iu
Ireland called " Mouaghan."
Withers, John, esquire, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Of Manydown, Hants,
who married Joane, daughter of John
Love, Esq., of Basing. He died in
1620, and was buried at Wotton June
2, in that year. George Wither, the
celebrated poet, was the son of his half-
brother George. Anthony Withers,
Esq. (baptized July 19, 1585), the son
of John Withers (aforesaid), was ad-
mitted into the Va. Co. of London,
July 24, 1621, and became a very
active member.
Wodenoth, Arthur. Author of
" A Short Collection of the most Re-
markable Passages from the Originall
to the dissolution of the Virginia Com-
pany. London Printed by Richard
Cotes for Edward Husband, at the
Golden Dragon in Fleet Street, 1651."
He was not a member of the Va. Co.
of London until some time after 1612.
He was a goldsmith in Foster Lane,
London ; was related to Nicholas
Ferrar, through Ferrar's mother (who
was Mary Wodenoth), and, like Ferrar,
he was a constant friend to the poet,
George Herbert, whose eyes he closed
at death, and whose executor he was.
He was deputy governor of the S. I. Co.
in 1614; but was dead at the time of
the publication of his aforesaid tract
in 1651.
Wollaston. See Willeston.
Wolley, Sir Francis, 2. Sub.
; pd. . Knighted at Chai-ter-
house. May 11, 1603, as of Lincoln-
shire ; " clerk of the pipe of the ex-
chequer ; " died about 1610, and was
buried in St. Paul's, Faringdon Ward
Within, London. He was probably the
M. P. for Haslemere in 1601.
"Wolstenholme, Henry, gent., 3.
Sub. ; pd. . Son of Sir John
(whom see) ; of N. W. P. Co. ; died
in the wars in the Palatinate while
serving under Sir Horatio Vere.
Wolstenholme, John, esquire, 3.
Sub. ; pd. . Son of Sir John
(whom see); of N. W. P. Co. also ;
M. P. for West Looe, 1625 and 1626 ;
knighted in 1633 ; created a baronet
1665 ; died September 12, 1669, and
was buried at Stanmore ; suffered
great losses on account of his lo3alty
to the king in the civil wars ; married
Dorothy, youngest daughter of Hor-
ace Lord Vere, but died childless.
Wolstenholme, John, merchant,
2. Sub. £75; pd. £137 10s. His fa-
ther, John Wolstenholme, younger son
of an ancient Derbyshire family, came
to London in the time of Edward VI.,
and obtained an office iu the custom-
house. He died at Stanmore, iu
Middlesex, where he lies buried, leav-
ing by his wife, whose maiden name
was Larkin, a daughter and three sons:
Henry, who died unmarried ; John, of
whom I write; and Thomas who died
a commander in Muscovy.
The second son, Sir John Wolsten-
home, knighted by James I., was a
farmer of the customs, and, acquiring
great wealth, purchased Nostell Ab-
bey in Yorkshire. Born about 1562;
one of the incorporators of the E. I.
Co. in December, 1600 ; one of the
farmers of the customs in February,
1608 ; M. C. for Va. Co., 1609 ; one
of those who sent Henry Hudson to
the Northwest in April, 1610, when
Hudson named Cape Wolstenholme
for him ; one of the incorporators of
the N. W. P. Co., July 26, 1612, and
one of its first directors. One of those
who purchased the Bermudas Islands
from the Va. Co., November 25, 1612.
Sir Thomas Smythe and himself em-
ployed and paid the celebrated Ed-
ward Wright to deliver courses of
lectures to mariners and others. The
purchasers of the Bermudas resigned
the island to the crown, November 23,
1614.
One of those who sent Bileth and
Baffin to the Northwest Passage in
1615, in which voyage Wolstenholme's
Sound was named for him. He had
previously aided in sending three voy-
ages to tlie Northwest, namely, Hud-
1058
WOLSTENHOLME — WOOD
son (1610), Button (1612), and Gib-
bons, and he again aided in sending
Biletli and Baffin in 1616.
He was a member of the S. I. Co.,
June 29, 1615 ; advancing the Vir-
ginia enterprise constantly ; knighted
at Whitehall, March 12,"^ 1617. His
faith was strong in a Northwest pas-
sage, and he was ever ready to try,
try again. January 20, 1618, he urged
the E. I. Co. to aid in another at-
tempt, and said that he himself in-
tended "a good round adventure in
his own particular."
I have some reason for thinking that
he was related to Rev. John Robinson.
The English dissenters at Leyden had
been in correspondence with him in
regard to their removal to Virginia
prior to 1618, and a few of their let-
ters, written in January and Februarj-,
1618, on that subject, have been pre-
served. On the 28th of April, 1619,
he was one of the candidates for the
treasurership of the Va. Co. of Lon-
don ; but was defeated by Sir Edwin
Sandys. In 1619 he was one of the
committee of the Va. Co. on the pro-
posed college in Virginia.
He was a leading director of the E.
I. Co. In December, 1619, "he was
by the king's command committed for
a time to his house, for muttering
against a patent and newly erected of-
fice in the custom house." We find him
constantly interested in the Virginia
affairs. May 22, 1622, he was one of
those recommended by the king to the
Va. Co. as a most statable person to be
treasurer of that company. He was
a member of the commission for wind-
ing up the Va. Co., appointed July 15,
1624, and remained for years after a
member of his Majesty's Council for
Virginia, taking special interest in the
college, etc. On the 6th of April,
1627, "The Planters and Adventurers
of Virginia and the Company of So-
mer Islands," held a meeting at his
house regarding tobacco, etc. June
27, 1631, one of commissioners ap-
pointed for advising upon some course
for the better plantation of Virginia.
He still retained his interest in the
Northwest Passage, and in 1631 he
aided in sending out the celebrated
Luke Fox, afterwards known as the
Northwest Fox. " The present church
of Stanmore Magna parish, near Lon-
don (dedicated to St. John), was built
at the sole expence of Sir John Wol-
stenholme, knight, on a piece of
ground given by Mrs. Barbara Bur-
nell. Sir Thomas Lake, and Mr. Rob-
inson. It was consecrated by Bishop
Laud on the 16th of July, 1632. The
building is of brick, and consists of a
nave and chancel. At the west end is
an embattled tower, almost overgrown
with ivy. The porch was designed by
Nicholas Stone." (There was probably
some connection between the Mr. Rob-
inson, who contributed towards buy-
ing the piece of ground for this church
to be built upon, and Mrs Mary Rob-
inson (whom see).)
In August, 1633, one of the Virginia
commissioners who favored the re-
newal of the ancient charter to the old
Va. Co.; one of those who, "at great
charge," aided Capt. Will. Claybourne,
m 1631, " in settling an island, by them
named the Isle of Kent, within Chesa-
peake Bay," which, in 1633, was com-
prehended in Lord Baltimore's patent,
and in November, 1633, he joined the
other planters in a petition to the
Privy Council, praying that they may
enjoy that island, and that Lord
Baltimore may settle in some other
place."
In 1634 he was one of the tobacco
commissioners. May 25, 1635, Capt.
Sam. Matthews wrote to him from
Newport News regarding aifairs in
Virginia. He evidently always had
correspondents in Virginia, and sev-
eral of their letters to him are still
preserved. One of the commissioners
for the Caribbee Islands in 1637.
He died, aged 77, on November 25,
1639, and was buried in Stanmore
Magna Church, where there is a hand-
some monument to his memory, by
Nicholas Stone, which cost £200.
He married Catherine Fanshaw,
and had issue by her two sons. Sir
John and Henry, and two daughters,
Joan (who married Sir Robei't Knol-
lys, first cousin to Thomas West, Lord
De la Warr) and Catherine (who mar-
ried William Fanshaw, nephew of Sir
Thomas Smythe).
"Wood, Captain Benjamin. Went
to Roanoke in 1584 ; captain and in
the West Indies, 1593, 1594-95; per-
ished in liis voyage to the East Indies
in 1596.
WOOD — WOODLIFFE
1059
Wood, Thomas, 2, Sub. ;
pd. ij'Id. (Jiiiic 13, 1G21, the council
of the Virginia Company granted " to
Ambrose Wood, as heir to his brother,
Thomas Wood, deceased, 4 shares in
Virginia, and one share more for the
adventure of his person — total, 5
shares.")
Woodall, John, 2. Sub. £37 10s. ;
pd. . Also of E. I. and S. I. com-
panies ; son of Richard Woodall, of
Warwick, by his wife Mary, daughter
of Peirse Ithell, of North Wales ;
born about 15oG; .surgeon in the army,
and, in 1G12, appointed surgeon to St.
Bartholomew's Hospital ; published
" The Chirurgion's Mate, etc., Lon-
don," IGlli or 1617. the first edition;
general surgeon for the E. I. Co. The
auditors of the Va. Co., in their
printed report, do not give him credit
for having paid his adventure, and
July 18, 1&20, " report was made
unto the Courte that Mr. Woodall
had scandalized that book . . . and
that he had caste a foule aspercon
uppon Sir Edwin Sandys ;" for which
he was suspended from the couit,
until the charges should be examined
into. He was friendly to Sir Thomas
Smith, and the Sandys party sjjeak
of him as " surgeon to Sir Thomas
Smith." He was early interested in
sending cattle to Virginia, milk being
considered an essential in the colony.
October 20, 1G23, he voted to sur-
render the Virginia charters to the
crown. He published in 1628 " Viat-
icum being the pathway to the sur-
geon's chest."
June 24, 1636, the Privy Council of
England wi'ote to tlie governor and
council of Virginia, inclosing a peti-
tion of John Woodall, " who," they
write, "deserves encouragement for
his chargeable and constant adven-
tures in that plantation. Direct
them to cause speedy justice to be
done against those of the petitioner's
servants who do not give him a just
account of his goods and cattle, and
to put his new agent, John Convers, in
possession of the petitioner's estate."
March 23, 1639, Governor Sir John
Harvey and the council of Virginia
wrote from James City to the Privy
Council of England : " Have in obedi-
ence to orders of 29th November last
restored the gnoods and cattle belou":-
ing to the estate of Capt. Samuel
Matthews, to the agents of John
Woodall, of London, surgeon. Cer-
tify the true state of the cause between
Woodall, plaintiff, and Matthews, de-
fendant."
"John Woodall, Master in Chirur-
gery," published a second edition of
"The Surgeon's Mate," etc., under
the following title, " The Surgeon's
Mate, or Military & Domestique
Surgery. Discovering faithfully &
plainly y' i.iethod and order of y' Sur-
geon's chest. . , . London, Printed by
Rob. Young for Nicholas Bourne . . .
MDCXXXIX." There is a congrat-
ulatory "Epistle to Sir Christopher
Clitherow, knight, ancient Alder-Gov-
ernor of the East Lidia Company,
etc.," and a portrait of Woodall by G.
Glover in the engraved title. This is
the earliest book in which lemon-juice
was prescribed in the treatment of
scurvy. " Woodall 's works," says
Watts, "are deservedly much es-
teemed."
He was probably alive in 1641 (see
Argall). The name sometimes ap-
pears in the records as AV^oddall and
WaddalL
Woodhouse. See Waterlioiise.
Woodhouse, Captain Henry, 2.
Sub. ; pd. . (Probably the
governor of the Bermudas Islands,
1623 to Januar}', 1627 ; in the expedi-
tion to Rd and Rochelle, 1627-28 ;
muster - master of Suffolk, England.
He said that King Charles promised
him in 1631 the place of governor of
Virginia, and in 1G34 and again in
1635 he petitioned the king to fulfill
that promise. In a deed of April 15,
1G40, he signed himself as " of Vir-
ginia, planter." One of the same
name, a Burgess for Lower Norfolk,
1647-52, was of the parish of Lin-
haven, and made his will in January,
1687. )
Woodliffe, John, gent., 2. Sub.
; pd. . First went to Vir-
ginia about 1608, and remained there
eleven years ; interested with John
Smith, of Nibley, in Berkeley town
and hundred, and September 4, 1619,
the four adventurers agreed with hiiu
1060
WOODLIFFE — WOTTON
to be tlie first governor of the pro-
posed settlement, and drew up ordi-
nances, directions, and instructions for
him for said government. He sailed
with thirty-eight planters in Edward
Williams' ship, the Margaret, of Bris-
tol, from Kingroad, September 16,
1619, and landed " at Keeketan " in
Virginia in a good harbor on the 30th
of November following. On August
28, 1620, the commission to Woodliffe
to be governor or agent was revoked,
and a commission to George Thorpe
and William Tracy to be governors in
Virginia was executed. The follow-
ing extract from a letter (" of June,
1620, about our accompts for the Vir-
ginia ship then returned ") of John
Smith to Richard Berkeley will prob-
ably explain this revocation : " I fear
the old Virginian trick of surprise of
lettres (if not counterfeiting also) is
cast upon us by Mr. Woodleefe." In
1626 he owned 550 acres by pattent
in " the Territory of great Weyon-
oke."
Woogan (or Wogan), Dever-
eaux, 3. Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £50.
Of the E. I. Co.
Wooller, Edvrard, merchant-tai-
lor, 2. Sub. ; pd. £50. Son of
the next. November 19, 1617, sold
five shares in Virginia to Gabriel
Barber.
Wooller, John, merchant - tailor.
Sub. £37 10s. ; pd. £25. By his will,
dated March 26, 1617, he gave to the
Merchant-Taylors' Company the rents
of certain property, called the Cross
Keys, in Thames Street, etc., to be
bestowed yearly forever in certain
charities, including £4 per annum to
a poor scholar at St. John's College,
Oxford.
This name is sometimes given in
the records, and probably correctly,
as Waller.
"Worcester, Earl of. — Edward
Somerset.
"Worrell. See Wirrell.
Worsley ("Worley — "Worsleep,
etc.), Sir Richard. He was prob-
ably the Richard Worley, gent., who
went to Virginia in 1607. The widow
of his great uncle (Richard Worsley,
governor of the Isle of Wight, who
died April 12, 1565), was the second
wife of Sir Francis Walsingham, and
the mother of his children.
Sir Richard was the son of Thomas
Worsley, Esq., of Appuldercombe,
" who was brought up under Walsing-
ham ; " born about 1586 ; knighted at
Whitehall, February 8, and created a
baronet, June 29, 1611 ; patented lands
in Virginia, which patent was " re-
newed November 3, 1620 ; " died
June 27, 1621 ; married Frances,
daughter of Sir Henry Neville of
Billingbere, and grandniece of Sir
Thomas Smythe.
Sir Bowyer Worsley, who was inter-
ested in Plowden's patent of New
Albion at a later date, also patented
lands in Virginia in 1620 or before.
"Wortley, Francis, esquire, 3. Sub.
£37 10s. ; pd. . Of Wortley,
County York ; knighted January 15,
and created a baronet, June 29, 1611 ;
M. P. for East Retford, 1624, 1625,
1626, and 1628-29. Burke says, " At
the outbreak of the civil wars Sir
Francis, whose devotion to the royal
cause shone conspicuous among the
most faithful of the cavaliers, fortified
his house at Wortley, and raised a
troop of horse, with which he main-
tained a guerilla warfare, extremely
harassing to his opponents. In 1644
he was taken prisoner at Walton
House, near Wakefield, his estate
sequestered, and he himself sent to
the Tower, where he remained in cap-
tivity for many years, solacing the
hours of his long confinement by liter-
ary occupations to which he was much
attached. He wrote several small
tracts principally connected with the
occurrences and controversies of the
times, and one larger work to prove
that episcopacy is pure divine." He
died before 1660. His great grand-
son, Edward Wortley Montague, mar-
ried the Lady Mary Pierrepont, the
celebrated Lady Mary Wortlej' Mon-
tague.
"Wotton, Sir Henry, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Born at Bocton
Hall, Kent, April 9, 1568 ; entered
Oxford University, 1584; M. A., 1588;
traveled on the continent about 1589-
98 (?) ; agaiu went abroad, 1601;
knighted in 1603 ; M. P. Appleby,
1614. The English commissioners to
treat with the Hollanders concerning
dift'erences in E. I. and the fisheries
of Greenland in 1614-15 were Sir
Henry Wotton, Clement Edmondes
EDWARD ZOUCHE
Eleventh Baron Zouchc
WOTTON — WRIOTHESLET
1061
(translator of Caesar's commentaries),
Robert Middleton, and Maurice Ab-
bott; the celebrated Hugo Grotius was
one of the Dutch commissioners. Pro-
vost of Eton, 1G25 ; died there in De-
cember, 1639.
" He was sent thrice ambassador to
Venice, once to the States General,
twice to the Court of Savoy, and upon
several other equally important dip-
lomatic missions." (See his Life by
Izaak Walton.)
Wotton, Thomas Lord (second
baron). Sub. ; pd. . Son
of Edward, first Baron Wotton (who
was the half-brother of Sir Henry
Wotton). He succeeded his father
about 1604, and died April 2, 1630,
aged forty-two. He became a Roman
Catholic.
"Wright, Edward, mathematican.
He was in Drake's celebrated voyage
to our coasts (1585-86) as " Capt.
Edward Careless alias Wright ; " in
the Earl of Cumberland's voyage to
the Azores (1589) as "Capt. Edward
Wright ; " developed the Mercator
idea of projection for charts or maps
in 1590 ; formed tables of meridional
parts, 1597 ; map in Hakluyt's works,
1598-1000; "The Haven finding Art,"
etc., and "Certaine Errors in Js'aviga-
tion, etc., 1599." He became tutor to
Henry, Prince of Whales, in mathemat-
ics and cosmography, and keeper of
his library (the wages of the latter
office were £30 per annum). He was
a member of the N. W. P. Co. in
1612 ; " The Description and Use of
the Sphsere, etc., 1613;" "A short
Treatise of Dialling, etc., 1614."
March 14, 1614, from court minutes
of the E. I. Co. : " Mr. W^right, the
mathematician, who has gathered
great knowledge in the Universities,
and effected many worthy works in
rectifying errors formerly smothered ;
resolved that for his courses of lec-
tures hitherto paid for by Sir Thomas
Smythe and ^Ir. W^olstenholme, the
company will allow him £50 per an-
num ; he to examine their journals
and mariners and perfect their plotts "
(maps, etc.). Died in London in
1615; translated Napier's "Descrip-
tion of the Admirable Table of Log-
arithmes," which was published by his
son, Samuel Wright, in 1616.
Wright, John, mercer, 2. Sub.
; pd. £25. Apprenticed to Ed-
ward Barnes; admitted in 1604 (from
Mercers' Records) ; also of E. 1. Co.
Wright, John, stationer. As a
bearing on the discussion about " The
Tempest," the following reference to
Wright is interesting: " Shake-speares
Sonnets never before Imprinted. At
London by G. Eld for T. T. and are
to be solde by John W^right, dwelling
at Christ Church gate. 1609." Dedi-
cated by Thomas Thorpe, the stationer
to Mr. W^ H. (Mr. IFilliam i/ack-
w^ell or Hakewill, " of the Right wor-
shipfuU Fraternitie of Sirenicall gen-
tlemen, that meete the first Friday of
every moneth, at the signe of the Mere-
maid in Bread-street, in London " ?)
Thus it will be seen that R. Rich's ac-
count of the tempest and wreck at the
" Bermoothawes " (CXXXVIII.) and
Shakespeare's Sonnets were sold by
the same bookseller. Nathaniel But-
ter, John Harrison, W^. Jaggard, and
Matthew Law also were interested in
the publication of several of Slrnke-
speare's plays dui'ing 1606—16.
Wriothesley, James Lord. Eld-
est son of the next ; was M. P. for Cal-
lington, 1621-22, and for Winchester,
16:^4—25. He died, .«. p., in the Nether-
lands, and before his father in 1624.
Wriothesley, Henry, 2. Sub.
; pd. £350. Third Earl of South-
ampton, " The Friend of Shake-
speare."
Pedigree : Henry ^, second Earl of
Southampton (son of Thomas ^, first
earl, who was lord chancellor to
Henry VIIL), was a friend of Thomas
Howard, Duke of Norfolk, and in-
volved himself in trouble by promot-
ing the contemplated marriage of that
nobleman with Mary Queen of Scots,
" to whom and her religion (says Dug-
dale) he stood not a little affected."
He married Mary, daughter of An-
thony Browne, Viscount Montagu (she
married, secondly, Capt. Edward-
Maria ^\'ingfiek^s cousin, William
Hervey), and had issue, among oth-
ers, —
Henry ^ of whom I write, and
MaryS, who married Thomas, Lord
Arundell of Wardour (whom see).
Henry ^, the second, but only surviv-
ing son of the second earl, was born
October 6, 1573, and succeeded at the
death of his father iu 1581, as third
1062
WRIOTHESLEY
Earl of Southampton; admitted to St.
John's College iu Cambridge, Decem-
ber 11, 1585 ; "spent his time at Cam-
bridge in the study of good letters, and
afterwards confirmed that study with
travel and foreign observation." In
1589 he took the degree of bachelor of
arts (Cambridge), " and seems to have
left tlie university iu that year, to pro-
ceed on his travels." In 1593 Shake-
speare dedicated " Venus and Adonis "
" to Henry Wi-iottesley, Earl of South-
ampton," and, in 1594, the same author
dedicated the '• Rape of Lucrece " " to
the Earl of Southampton "
In 1596 with Essex at Cadiz ; 1597,
commanded the Garland on the island
voyage, and knighted for gallantry by
Essex; 1598, married a first couain of
the Earl of Essex, without obtaining
the queen's permission, and is attainted;
1599, went to Ireland with Essex, who
made him general of the horse, " clean
contrary" to the queen's instructions;
in ICOO, in the Netherlands; February
8, 1601, took part in the Essex rebel-
lion ; February 19, 1601, tried and
found guilty ; his execution was stayed,
but he remained a close prisoner in the
Tower till the queen died. In 1602,
while in prison, he aided in sending
Gosnold to America. Rev. P. Peckard,
in his " Memoirs of Nicholas Ferrar,"
says, " the Earl of Southampton had
been converted from Popery by Sir
Edwyn Sandys."
April 10, 1603, he was discharged
out of the Tower by a warrant from
the king, sent post-haste from Scot-
land, April 1 ; May 16, grant of pardon
and restitution; restored to his honors;
July 2, Knight of the Garter; July 7,
Governor of the Isle of Wight for
life; July 21, recreated Earl of South-
ampton, and afterwards granted many
pensions, favors, etc. On July 2, 1603,
he had a noted quarrel with Lord
Grey, of Wilton, a professed enemy of
Essex, and Strickland says, " It is ex-
tremely probable that this quarrel was
connected with tlie mysterious plot
discovered a few days after, in which
Lord Grey, Lord Cobham, Sir Walter
Raleigh, and the faction which had
brought Essex to the block, were
deeply implicated." 1604, " The first
bill which was read iu the first Parlia-
ment of King James was for his resti-
tution in blood." 1605, he aided in
sending Weymouth to America; M. C.
for Va. Co., 1609, admitted into the
E. I. Co. in 1609, and promised to
present them with a brace of bucks
annually at their elections ; April, 1610,
he aided in sending out Henry Hudson
to the Northwest; July 26, 1012, an in-
corporator of the N. W. P. Co.; 1614,
he subscribed £100 towards Harley's
voyage to our present New England
coast, and in the same year served at
the siege of Rees in the Duchy of
Cleves; June 29, 1615, an incorporator
of the S. I. Co., and Southampton
tribe in that island was afterwards
named for him; 1617, he attended the
king in his long visit to Scotland. On
Friday, April 30, 1619, he was sworn
of the king's Privy Council; June 28,
1620, he was chosen treasurer of the
Va. Co., without opposition, being
" such a one as might at all times and
occasions have free accesse unto the
King; " November 3, 1620, a member
of the New England Council; May 2,
1621, again chosen treasurer of the
Va. Co., without opposition. " He
had some quarrelling with the Marquis
of Buckingham," for which he was
under arrest from June 16 to Septem-
ber 1, 1621 ; again chosen treasurer of
the Va. Co., May 22, 1622 (at this elec-
tion it had pleased the king to suggest
several merchants as being better
suited to the business) (see Sir Thomas
Smythe) ; he continued treasurer until
the charter of the Va. Co. was declared
void, June 16, 1624. Soon after which
time " Mr. Nicholas Ferrar, late dep-
uty, delivered his copies of the Va.
Records to the earl, who, when the
commissioners applied for them, re-
plied that he would as soone part with
the evidences of his Land as with the
said copies; being the evidence of his
honour in that service."
It is curious to read the charge that
James I. took away the Va. charter in
tlie interest of Spain, at the instance
of Gondomar, in 1624, when, in fact,
Gondoniar left England in 1622 ; the
king had declared war against Spain
March 10, 1624, and the earl (then
governor of the Va. Co.), since early
in June, 1624, had been, under com-
mission from James I., actively en-
gaged in enlisting troops to fight
against Spain. About August lie went
over to the Netherlands in command of
WRIOTHESLEY — WROTH
1063
a regiment, where his ohlest son, James,
died at Rose*idale, and he, soon after,
at Bergen - op - Zoom (November 10,
1624), while on liis way to England
with his son's body. Father and son
were buried at Titchfiuhl, in Hamp-
shire, on December 1:8, 1024.
Lodge says, " lie was a naan of no
very unusual character, in whom sev-
eral fine qualities were shadowed by
some important defects. His under-
standing seems to have been lively and
acute; and his acquired talents, united
to a competent erudition, an extensive
and correct taste for polite letters, and
the most highly finished manners.
His friendships were ardent and last-
ing; his personal courage almost pro-
verbial; and his honor wholly unsus-
pected : but his mind was fickle and
unsteady ; a violent temper engaged
him in frequent quarrels, and iu enmi-
ties injurious to his best interests ; and
he was wholly a stranger to that wary
circumspection which is commonly dig-
nified by the name of prudence."
The name of Smythe's Hundred
(first named for Sir Tiiomas Smythe)
was changed on May 17, 1620, to
Southampton Hundred, being so named
for the earl. It lay in the lower part
of the present Charles City County, be-
tween " Southampton alias Chicka-
homine River " and the James, and
contained 100,000 acres of land.
Hampton River, near Fortress Mon-
roe, was originally named for him
" Southampton River."
He married Elizabeth, daughter of
John Vernon, Esq., by Elizabeth, sis-
ter of Walter Devereux, first Earl of
Essex, and had by her thi-ee daugh-
ters and two sons : James, aforesaid,
and Thomas, his successor, that emi-
nently loyal servant to Charles I., and
virtuous lord treasurer to Charles
II., at whose death, May 10, 1667, the
title became extinct.
Colonel William Byrd, the first of
the name in Virginia, is said to have
purchased the two volumes of Va. Co.
Records, now iu the library of Con-
gress, from the executors of this last
Earl of Southampton.
"Wrote, Samuel, esquire. Son of
Robert Wrote, of (junton in County
Suffolk, esquire, by his wife Catherine,
daughter of Vincent Randall (Ran-
dolph), of London, gent. He was
" cosen Germane " to Lionel Cranfield,
Earl of Middlesex; M. C. for Va. Co.
Sir Thomas Gates transferred five
shares of land in Virginia to him,
March 2, 1620. George Sandys wrote
to him from Jamestown, Virginia,
March 28, 1623. He was a leading
oppt)nent of the Sandys party, and was
suspended by them from the company;
a member of the Virginia Commission
of July 15, 1024 ; appointed to the
royal council for Virginia, November
16, 1624; mentioned as a late commis-
sioner for Virginia, and as still inter-
ested in Virginia affairs, 1629; on the
special commission for the better
plantation of Virginia, June 27, 1631;
was still living 1034. He married
Sarah, daughter of William Bussel
(Burrel ?). Wrote's cousin, Lionel
Cranfield (the " smooth versifier "),
was brother to Martha Cranfield who
married Sir John Suckling (member
of the Privy Council and of the Va.
Commission, of July, 1624), and be-
came the mother of Sir John Suck-
ling, Jr., the celebrated poet.
Wroth Pedigree. (Extract.) Sir
Thomas ^ Wroth (chief gentleman of
the bedchamber to Edward VI.), who
fled into Germany for conscience' sake
in the reign of Queen Mary, married
Mary, daughter of Richard, first Lord
Rich, and great aunt of Robert Rich,
second Earl of Warwick, and was the
father, among others, of 1. Sir Rob-
ert '^ and 2. Thomas - Wroth.
1. Sir Robert -, known as Sir Robert
Wrotli, the Elder; M. P. for Middle-
sex, from 1572 to his death, January
27, 1600 ; married " Susan, daughter
of Frauncis Stonard, of Loughton in
Essex, Esquier," and was the father,
among others, of " John ^ Wrothe a
Captayne," and "Sir Robert^ Wrothe
of Durance."
2. Tlionias ^ Wroth of the Inner
Tem])lp, Esq., married Joan, daughter
of Thomas Bullraan, of London, and
had issue, among others, Sir Thomas
Wroth.
Wroth, John ^, esquire. Sub. ;
pd. £87 10s. Second son of Sir Rob-
ert Wroth, Sr., of Durance Enfield,
Middlesex (see pedigree) ; baptized
June 11, 1577; M. C. for Va. Co.;
one of the auditors of that company,
and a member of the Warwick or
Smythe party in 1622-24. He
1064
WROTH — WYM ARK
strongly protested against the sending
of so many people to Virginia, until
the colony was prepared to receive
them. In 1623 he wrote " that in the
yeares 1619, 16:^0, 1621 there was
3,560 or 3,570 persons sent to Vir-
ginia, and Sir Thomas Smith left
above 700 persons, which in all make
4,270 persons; whereof the Remainder
being about 1240 about the tyme of
the massacre, it consequentlie foUowes,
that wee had then lost 3,000 persons
within those three yeares. And in the
latter end of the yeare 1622, there were
sent near upon 1000 persons, whereof
manie dyed by the way, and it appear-
eth by some letters, that by the sword
and sickness, there are perished above
500 since the massacre. So that by
this accompt, there cannot be above
1700 persons now in the Collonie." He
had served in the wars as a captain ;
married " Mawde dau. to Rich. Flew-
ellen of Wales wydow to Captayne
Gregory Lennad brother to Henry
Lord Dacre." Died in 1644.
Wroth, Sir Robert 3, 2. Sub.
£75 ; pd. £50. " Of Durance in
Enfilde and of Lowghton in Essex."
Son of Sir Robert Wroth, Sr., and
brother of John Wroth, Esq., afore-
said (see extract from pedigree) ; M.
P. for Newtown, Isle of Wight, in
1601 ; knighted at Sion House in
June, 1603 ; M. P. for Middlesex,
1607-11 ; sheriff of Essex, 1613-14 ;
died March 14, 1614. He married
Mary, daughter of Robert Sidney,
Viscount Lisle, etc. " Ben Jonson
dedicated to this distinguished woman
his admirable comedy of the Alche-
mist, and to her husband an excellent
moral epistle in commendation of the
innocence and felicity of the country
life to which Sir Robert devoted him-
self." " Their residence was the re-
sort and asylum of men of letters;
they were the friends of merit, and
the patrons of genius in distress."
Wroth, Sir Thomas Sub. ;
pd. . Son of Thomas of the Inner
Temple (see pedigree).
He resided at Petherton Park,
County Somerset; married Margaret,
daughter of Ricliard Rich, of Lee in
Essex, and sister (not to the Earl of
Warwick as Stith says, page 182,
but) to Sir Nathaniel Rich. He was
knigiited at Theobald's, November 12,
1613. In 1620 he published "The
Destruction of Troy, or, the Acts of
^neas. Translated ovt of the second
Booke of the -iEneads of Virgill, that
peereless Prince of Latine Poets. . . .
As also a Centurie of Epigrams, and a
Motto upon the Creede, thereunto an-
nexed." Dedicated to Sir Robert Sid-
ney, Viscount Lisle, and containing an
epigram " to his worthy friend Cap-
taine [Nathaniel] Butler."
He was M. C. for New England,
November 3, 1620 ; a leader of the
Warwick party i« the Va. Co., 1621-
24 ; on the Virginia Commission of
July 15, 1624; M. P. for Bridge-
water, 1628-29. His wife. Dame Mar-
garet, died of a fever October 14,
1635, and he wrote an account of her
life, sickness, and death to her brother
Sir Nathaniel Rich (whom see), the
greater part of which is printed in
" Court and Society from Elizabeth
to Anne " (vol. i. p. 343). " His sad
Encomiem upon his Dearest Consort "
was also published in London, in 1635.
M. P. for Bridgewater, in Somerset,
from 1645, until the dissolution of
1653 ; on January 3, 1648, he made
the celebrated motion " to lay the
King by and to settle the Kingdom
without him." He was appointed one
of the commissioners on trial of the
king, but refused to sit ; was on the
commission of June 25, 1653, for gov-
erning the affairs of the Bermudas
Islands. A strong Parliamentarian
and confirmed Rumper ; he was
elected to the Cromwellian Pai-lia-
ments of 1656-58 and 1659, and to
the Convention of 1660. He died,
s. p., in 1672, his will being proved
August 24, 1672.
Wyche (see Wiiiche), Richard,
skinner. Of the N. W. and E. I. com-
panies; married Elizabeth, daughter of
Sir Richard Saltingstall, Lord Mayor
of London, and had by her 12 sons
and six daughters. Died November
20, 1621, aged 67, and was buried in
St. Dunstan's in the East. His sixth
son. Sir Peter, was ambassador from
Charles I. to Turkey for twelve years.
Wymark (see Wiinark), Ned.
Whom Thomas Osborne, in his " Tra-
ditional Memoirs of King James,"
page 7, styles, " The Paul's Walker,
and the Witty." In December, 1618,
he got himself into serious trouble by
WYNCHE — ZOUCH
1065
" wishing that Raleigh's head was on
Secretary Nauntoii's shoulders."
"Wynche. See Winch.
Wynne. Sue Winne.
Yaxley, Sir Robert, 3. Sub.
; pd. . Knighted at Dublin
in Ireland, September 8, lo'JO ; M. P.
for Thirsk in 1(31 i.
Yeardley (or Yardley), George,
gent., 2. Sub. ; pd. £25. Son
of Raph Yardley, citizen and mer-
chant-tailor, of Bionshaw Lane, Lon-
don, who married, first, May 15, 157.5,
Agnes Abbot ; she died December 18,
1576, and he married, secondly, Rhoda
. He had four sons, Raphe,
George (of whom I write), John, and
Thomas, and a daughter, Amie, who
married Edward Irby.
George, born (1577-80 ?) ; " a sol-
dier truly bred in that university of
Warre, the Lowe Countries ; " sailed
for Virginia as " Captain of Sir Thomas
Gates his company " in June, 1C09 ;
wrecked on the Bermudas ; arrived in
Virginia in May, IGIO ; acting gov-
ernor from the departure of Dale in
April, 161G, to the arrival of Argall,
May 15, 1617 ; went to England in
1618, where he spent very near three
thousand pounds in furnishing himself
for his return to Virginia ; M. C. for
Va. Co. ; chosen governor of Virginia
for three years on the 18th of Novem-
ber, 1618 ; granted on the same day
twenty great shares for transport of
twenty-six persons, and was knighted
by the king at Newmarket six days
after ; sailed for Virginia in January,
and arrived April 19, 1619. Under
instructions from Sir Thomas Smith's
administration he convened the first
legislature in America, July 30, 1G19,
at Jamestown ; continued governor
three years, to November 18, 1621,
when he was relieved by Sir Francis
Wyatt. He was then a member of
the council in Virginia until May,
1626. When Wyatt wished to leave
Virginia for a time on business in
1624, King James on the 18tli of Sep-
tember, 1624, commissioned Yeardley
to act as governor during Wyatt's
absence ; but Wyatt did not leave at
tliis time. On the 14th of March,
1626, Charles I. commissioned Sir
George Yeardley to be governor of
Virginia ; he entered inlo that office
in May, 1626, and continued to servo
until his death in November, 1627.
(An abstract of his will is given in the
" N. E. Hist, and Gen. Register " for
January, 1884.) He married, about
1618 (and took his lady to England
with him in that year). Miss Temper-
ance , who came to Virginia in
the Faulcou in 1609. In January,
1625, they were living at Jamestown
witli their three children born in Vir-
ginia, viz. : Elizabeth, aged six years,
1. ArgalP, aged four years, and 2.
Francis, aged one year.
Sir George Yardley was a first
cousin to Richard Yerwood, one of
the stepfathers of John Harvard, the
founder of Harvard College, Massa-
chusetts. [Was this the Richard Yar-
wood, gent., of Southwark, who was
M. P. for Southwark, 1614, 1621-
22, 1624-25, 1625, 1626, and 1628-
29 ?] He was a prosperous man,
and left his children well supplied
with worldly goods. His descendants
are now scattered over the United
States. Of his daughter Elizabeth I
know nothing.
1. Argall ^ married, about 1640,
Ann, daughter of John Custis, and
died in 1655, leaving, at least, three
sons (Argall^, Henry, and Edmond)
and two daughters (Rose and Frances).
Argall '^ (with whom his father,
Argall ^, is nearlj'- always confused)
married, in 1670, Sarah, daughter of
John Machell, and died in 1682, leav-
ing five children, viz. : John, Argall ^,
Elizabeth, Frances, and Sarah.
2. Francis married Sarah, widow of
Capt. John Gookin, and before of Capt.
Adam Tiiorogood, and is said to have
left no issue.
Yeomans, Simon, fishmonger, 2.
Sub. ; pd. £12 10s. Of St.
Botolph, Billingsgate, London ; mar-
ried, in 1594, Marj', daughter of John
Barkeley, of Essex, gent.
Yong (or Young), William, a
tailor, 2. Sub. ; pd. £12 10s.
Came to Virginia in 1607.
Zouch, Sir Edward. Of the
North Virginia Company ; was inter-
ested in patents for making glass ;
a courtier, etc. Strickland, in her
" Lives of the Queens of England,"
says, " In the midst of the mad rev-
elry of Shrovetide (February), 1618,
1066
ZOUCH
James I. was taken ill with the gout
in his knees ; some rantipol knights of
his bedchamber, Sir George Goring,
Sir Edward Zouch, and others tried to
amuse him by acting some little bur-
lesque plays, called ' Tom-a-Bedlam,'
' The Tinker,' and ' The two Merry
Milk Maids.' But the gout and the
cold weather pinched the king, and
nothing could put him in a good
humor. He reproved his knights for
ribaldry — not without reason, called
their little burlesque plays, mad stuff,
and was utterly unmanageable by his
masculine attendants."
Sir Edward Zouch was granted the
office of knight marshal of the house-
hold for life, April 29, 1618; the agent
for sending certain dissolute persons
to Virginia in November and Decem-
ber, 1619 ; a member of the New
England Council in 1620.
Zouch, Edward Lord, 2. Sub.
; pd. £60. Son of George, tenth
Lord Zouch, whom he succeeded in
1569 as the eleventh Lord Zouch, un-
der which title he was summoned to
Parliament from April 2, 1571, to May
17, 1625.
In 1593 he was sent ambassador to
James VI., king of Scotland, with in-
structions to protest against the act
of the council of November 26, which
was too favorable to the Earls of Angus,
Huntley, and Errol, who were in league
with Spain; to say that the queen would
resist the landing of any Spanish or
other foreign forces in Scotland as
their purpose was only to invade Eng-
land ; to form a party for the defense
of the religion and of the pe^ace be-
tween England and Scotland. He had
a conference with James VI. of Scot-
land concerning Bothwell and his ac-
complices, February 25 to March 2,
1594. In 1598 he was an ambassador
to Denmark, treating of " merchantile
affairs," etc. In 1603 James I. of
England (his old friend James VI. of
Scotland) appointed him to his Privy
Council. " April 13, 1603, commission
appointing Edward Lord Zouch, lord
president of the council in Wales to
be the king's lieutenant in Wales."
" May 14, 1603, he wrote to the king,
thanking him for bestowing on him so
great a gift, before it was asked for."
During the time he was lord presi-
dent of Wales, he had a long and
bitter controversy with Sir John Pop-
ham, lord chief justice of England,
about precedency, etc., which came
before the Privy Council in December,
1604, but was not at that time set-
tled.
M. C. for Va. Co., 1609. " July 13,
1615, grant to him of the office of
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and
Constable of Dover Castle for life."
July 20, 1615, Chamberlain to Carle-
ton: " The Lord Zouch hath his patent
signed and sealed for the Wardenship
of the Cinque Ports, a place he never
sought for nor pretended."
July, 1615, Carew to Roe : " The
Loi'd Zouche is Lord Warden of the
Cinque Ports, which is displeasing to
the priests." "August 9, 1615, com-
mission to Edward Lord Zouch, Lord
Warden of the Cinque Ports, concern-
ing the examining and licensing of
passengers, with instructions touching
the same."
In December, 1617, he adventured
£100 (62,500) with Lord De la Warr
towards a plantation, etc, in Virginia.
In 1618 he was interested with John
Bargrave in some Virginia enterprise.
He sent his pinnace, the Silver Falcon
to Virginia in 1619, and evidently took
a great interest in the colony. He
was also one of the first members of
the New England Council, November
3, 1620. He died at Hackney in 1625,
and was buried in a small chapel ad-
joining his house. " Ben Jonson, who
was his intimate friend, discovered
that there was a hole in the wall af-
fording communication between the
last resting-place of Lord Zouch and
the wine-cellar, and thereupon vented
this impromptu : —
' Wherever I die, let this be my fate
To lye by my good Lord Zouch —
Tliat vviien I am dry, to the tap 1 may hye,
And so back again to my couch.'
" Lord Zouch was much interested
in experimental gardening and the sci-
ence of botany, of which he was so
great an encourager that he cultivated
a physic garden in the parish of Hack-
ney at his own expence, committing
the superintendence of it to the cele-
brated Lobel." He brought many
shrubs and seed from abroad. He
was also a patron of Dr. John Ge-
rarde. He married Sara, daughter of
Sir James Harington of Exton, and
ZOUCHE — ZUNIGA
10G7
widow of Francis Lord Hastings, who
died in 1596. After the death of Lord
Zouche, his widow, in 16:^6, became the
second wife of Sir Thomas Edmondes.
':z^^/i
Zouche, John, esquire (see next).
Sub. ; pd. £'25.
Zouche, Sir John. Mr. Xeill, in
his " Virginia Yetusta " (p. 2, note),
says, "Captain John Zouche and Sir
Walter Raleigh were each in command
of a company at the siege in 1580 of
the Spanish Fort near Tralee, in the
southwest part of Ireland, and in Au-
gust, 1581, Zouche was promoted as
Governor of Munster."
John Zouche of Codnor, Derbyshire,
was knighted at Beaver Castle, April
23, 1603. His son, John Zouch, Esq.,
had joined the Virginia enterprise,
prior to 1616 ; in 1623 he patented
lands in Virginia. In 1631 the father,
Sir John Zouche, was one of the " com-
mission for the better plantation of
Virginia," and in 1634 he spent some
time in Virginia, with his son and
daughter, who were then living there.
He is said to have been of the Puritan
sect.
Zuniga — Cuniga — Quniga. Don
Pedro de Zuniga, Marques de Villa
Flores et Avila. He came as ambas-
sador to England in the autumn of
1605, succeeding in that office Juan de
Taxis, Count of Villa Mediana, who
sailed from Dover, September 1, 1605,
with Sir William Monson, for Flan-
ders. The new resident ambassador
is said to have found in England seven
pensioners of Spain, namely : Hen-
ry Howard, Earl of Northampton ;
Charles Blount, Earl of Devonshire ;
Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset ; the
Lady Suffolke ; Robert Cecil, Earl of
Salisbury ; Sir William Monson; and
Mrs. Drummond, the first lady of
Queen Anne's bedchamber.
" On tlie morning of November 5,
1005, the news of the great deliver-
ance from the Gunpowder Plot ran
like wildfire along the streets of Lon-
don," and it was necessary to take
prompt measures to protect Zuniga
from the fury of the people. He
seems to have kept very close after-
wards ; I do not find his name in the
Calendar of State Papers, 1605-10.
The celebrated Italian jurist, Alberigo
Gentilis, was advocate to the Spanish
embassy from the autumn of 1605 to
his death, June 19, 1608. Zuniga was
succeeded by Velasco about May,
1610. Some time after his return to
Spain he was created " Marques de
Villa Flores et Avila." In 1612 he
was sent as ambassador extraordinary
to James I., with private instructions,
if he saw fair prospect of success, to
offer the hand of Philip III. (then a
widower) to the Princess Elizabeth of
England ; but "he found that the
marriage with the Elector was irre-
vocably decided upon." He had his
first audience with James I. on July 6,
1612. He was soon dismissed ; but
continued to linger in England, which
was not much liked. On July 22,
1612, Archbishop Abbot wrote to
James I., " The lingering in England
of the Spanish ambassador, Zuniga, is
very suspicious. He has secretly dis-
persed £12,000 or £13,000 already in
England, and tampers by night with
the Lieger ambassador from France.
He was in England at the time of the
Powder treason, and God knows what
share he had in that business." (See
also Abbot's letter of August 3, 1612,
in sketch of Velasco.) George Cal-
vert wrote to Sir Thomas Edmondes
on August 1 : " Zuniga is yet here, no
man knows why, for he hath taken his
leave of the king. But to show that
he is unwelcome, as he was riding in
his carrosse with his six mules over
Holborn Bridge the other day, with
his great lethugador about his neck
and coming upon his elbow, at the side
of the carrosse, comes a fellow by him
on horseback ; and whether de guet-
apens or otherwise, I cannot tell, but he
snatches the ambassador's hat off his
head, which had a rich jewel in it, and
rides away with it up the street as fast
as he could, the people going on and
laughing at it." Chamberlain says,
1068
ZUNIGA
"The ambassador, observing a well-
dressed cavalier approaehiug his car-
riage, pulled olf his hat out of the
window, which was enriched with a
handsome band and Jewel, when the
fellow snatched it out of his hand and
rode off." James I. instructed Digby
to find out the reasons for his stay (see
CCXXVIII.). He was still in Eng-
land in the first part of October, 1612,
when he was complaining " of the
opening by the custom-house officers
of a chest of his." He probably left
soon after.
Our histories do not mention him ;
but it can be safely said that the Eng-
lish would never have succeeded in es-
tablishing Protestant colonies in Amer-
ica, if the matter could have been
controlled by Don Pedro de Zuniga.
ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
I WISH to give as complete a list as possible of the members of the first Par-
liament of James I. who were interested in the American enterprise. I think
that all of the following were members of the Va. Co. ; most of them certainly
were. I believe that I have identified nearly all of those who were of the
South Virginia Company ; but the list is necessarily very deficient of the
Northern Company. However, I feel very sure that a majority of the Par-
liament of 160Jr-ll was interested in American colonization.
Berkeley, Richard, esquire.
Gloucestershire, 1604-11, and 1614.
Bertie, Perigrine. Lincolnshire,
1614.
Bing (or Byng), William, esquire.
New Romney, 1610-11 ; \yinchelsea,
1614 ; admitted to Gray's Inn 1612;
Governor of Deal Castle ; younger
brother of George Byng, of Wrotham,
Kent, and of the same family as the
present Viscount Torringtou.
Bingley, John. Chester, 1610-11,
and 1614. Probably admitted to Gray's
Inn in 1612 .
Bowyer, Robert, esquire. Eve-
sham, 1605-11.
Carew, Sir George. St. Germans,
1601^11 ; the lawyer and diplomatist
who died in 1612.
Carey, Henry. Sussex, 1609-11.
Cavendish, Sir WiHiam. East
Retford, 1614.
Cecil, Sir Edward. Stamford,
1609-11.
Cecil, ■William, Lord Cranborne.
Weymouth, 1610-11.
Chute, Sir Walter. East Retford,
1614.
Connock, Richard, esquire. Bod-
min, 1.593, Liskeard, 1614; auditor of
the Duchy of Cornwall, and friend
to Ralegh ; will proved February 15,
1620.
Cranfield, Lionell. Hythe, 1614.
Earle, Walter. Poole, 1614, 1621-
22, 1624-25 ; Dorset, 1625 ; Lyme
Regis, 1626; Dorset, 1628-29; Lj^me
Regis, April, 1640 ; Weymouth and
Melcombe Regis, 1640, until secluded
in 1648; Dorset, 1654-55, 1659 ; Poole,
1660.
Of Charborough, Dorsetshire ;
knighted May 4, 1616 ; bought five
shares of land in Virginia from Sir
Thomas Gates. He was the well
known Parliamentary colonel ; gov-
ernor of Dorchester, 1643, and master
of the ordnance; died in 1665.
Fawcett (or Forcett), Edw^ard,
esquire. Wells, 1606-11.
Fearne, John. Boroughbridge,
1604-11.
Goodere, Sir Henry. West Looe,
1604-11.
Harrington, Sir John. Rutland-
shire, 1604-11.
Harris, John, esquire. West Looe,
1614.
Herbert, Philip. Glamorganshire,
1604, until peer, 1605.
Holcroft, Sir Thomas. Cheshire,
1604, until decease, 1010.
Hollis, Sir John. Nottingham-
shire, 1604-11, and 1614.
Ho'wrard, Theophilus. Maiden,
1605, until peer.
Danvers, Sir John,
town, 1614.
Montgomery-
Ingram, Sir Arthur.
1614.
Romnev,
1070
ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
Jermain, Sir Thomas. Suffolk,
1614.
Mansell, Sir Thomas. Glamor-
gan, 1605—11.
Michell, Bernard, gent. Wey-
mouth, 1610-11, 1614, 1625, and 1626.
Miller (or Meller), Sir Robert.
Bridport, 1604-11.
Monson, Sir Thomas. Castle
Rising, 1604-11; Cricklade, 1614.
Nevill, Sir Henry. Lewes, 1604-
11.
Nevill, Sir Henry. Wycombe,
1614 ; Wilton, 1621-22 ; son of Sir
Henry Nevill, of Billingbere, Berks.
Paw^lett, John, esquire. Somer-
set, 1610-11, 1614; Lyme Regis,
1621-22. He was created Baron Pou-
lett, 1627.
Percy, Alan, esquire. Beverley,
1604-11.
Phellips, Sir Robert. East Looe,
1604-11.
Plomer, Thomas, gent. Romney,
1604^11.
Rich, Henry, esquire. Leicester,
1610-11.
Rich, Sir Robert. Maiden, 1610-
11.
Smith (or Smythe), Sir John.
Hythe, 1604 until decease, 1609 ;
brother to Sir Thomas Smythe, the
first treasurer of the Va. Co.
Stanhope, Sir John. Newton,
1604, until peer, 1605.
INDEX.
1 have indexed the liistorical portion (pp. 1-805) closely. I have indicated all personal references
in the brief biographies (807-1070), and all places referred to outside of England and all subjects
bearing on discovery, commerce, and colonization ; but it was not advisable to cumber the Index with
the numerous English places named, or with the various subjects having no bearing on tlie Genesis
of the United States.
I have sometimes found it preferable to use the name instead of the page figures when referring to
the biographies.
The names of persons are all indexed in alphabetical order, as are places and subjects generally ;
but foreign localities, w^lien not referred to often, are given under the city, country, etc., to which
they belong ; and scattered, unfrequent subjects are collected together under proper comprehensive
headings, which are arranged alphabetically.
See Africa ; America ; Ancient names ; Asia ; Atlantic Ocean ; Bays ; Bermudas ; Brazil ; Capes ;
Chili ; Climate ; Commodities ; Companies ; Diseases of Virginia ; Distress in Virginia ; Doctors and
Medical Treatment ; East India ; Emigrants ; England ; Europe ; Fauna ; Firsts ; Fish, etc. ; Flora;
Florida ; Fortifications, Forts, etc. ; France ; French ; Houses, Buildings, etc., in Virginia; Lslands ;
Lands, etc., in Virginia ; Law, Government, etc. ; London ; Lotteries ; Mexico ; Minerals ; Ministers ;
Native Inhabitants ; Naval Affairs of England ; New England ; Newfoundland ; New France ; New
Spain ; North America ; Pacific Ocean ; Pedigrees ; Peru ; Plays ; Poetry ; Portugal ; Protestantism ;
Provisions; Ralegh or Roanoke Colony ; Rivers; Romanism; Ships; South America ; Spain; Span-
ish ; State ; Tempest ; Trade ; United States of HoUand and the Netherlands ; Virginia ; Voyages ;
West Indies, etc.
The heavy face figures refer to the Biographies. Port. := Portrait.
Abandonment of Virginia, 401, 404-407,
414, 415, 417, 418, 617, 618, 648, 649,
680, 681, 802. See Capt. John Mar-
tin.
Abbas I. (Shah of Persia, 1582-1628),
985, 1000.
Abbay, Thomas, 601, 811.
Abbot, Agnes, 1065 ; George, archbishop
of Canterbury, translator of the Bible,
etc., 541, 542, 576, 606, 676, 679, 686,
790-795, 811, 812, 845, 851, 863, 878,
906, 927, 974, 993, 1025, 1037, 1051,
1067, Port., 10 ; Martha, 1024 ; Mary,
879; Maurice, the elder, 811 ; Maurice
(or Morris), the younger, merchant, di-
plomatic commissioner, etc., 469, 574,
770, 797, 803, 811, 812, 879, 982, 1024,
1061 ; Robert, bishop of Salisbury, 811.
Abdey, Anthony, merchant, 548, 770,
812 ; Roger, 812.
Abergavenny, Lord. — Henry Neville.
Abot, Jeffra, 600, 812.
Ackland, Sir John, 466, .544, 812.
Acosta, Antonio de, Portuguese merchant
in London, 6.59.
Acquaviva, Rev. Father Claude, Italian
general of the Jesuits, 700, 812.
Acuua. See Gondomar.
Adams, Nicholas, merchant-tailor, 304 ;
Nicholas, vice-admiral of Pembroke,
722 ; Capt. Robert, 812 ; Thomas the
elder, 812; Thomas, stationer, 292,
748, 812; William, 138; Capt. ,
329, 488-490, 492, 497, 639, 653, 663,
689, 812.
Adelmare. See Dr. Csesar Adelmare.
Aderley, William, 770.
Adventurers for Va. (Incorporators,
Planters, Undertakers, etc ), "who con-
tribute their money and do not go in
person," 272 ; ancestors of, founders of
first organized English company for
discovery, etc. , 3 ; interested in the
Northwest Passage, 8 ; Adventurers in
Fifth Parliament of Elizabeth, 13; in
the Protestant wars of the United States
of Holland, etc., 17 ; in the Armada
fight, 20 ; roving the Atlantic, 20-27 ;
at Cadiz, 24 ; at the Azores, 24 ; inter-
ested in proposed voyage to East India,
25 ; incorporators of first East India
charter, 25. [The foregoing references
apply to Planters as well as to Adven-
turers. See Biographies and Emi-
grants.] 49, 52, 53, 228, 229, 236, 248,
272, 280, 281, 284, 295, 302, 316, 317,
415, 425, 426, 466, 503, 505, 507, 541-
54S, 574, 579, 582, 587, 588, 625-630,
769, 775-779, 781, 798, 802-805, 80S,
982. See Charters, Emigrants, Sub-
Advice of the Va. CouncU, 79-85, 102;
of Lord Bacon to Viscount Villiers,
795.
Africa: Abyssinia, 970; Africa, 32, 147,
440, 785, 916, 970, 994, 1000, 1007, 1023,
1072
INDEX.
1026 ; African, or Guinea, Company,
9S1, 1026 ; xlfrican trader, 867 ; Alg-er-
iue corsairs, 10o2 ; Algier apricot,
1032 ; Algiers, 646, 937, 942, 985, 1024 ;
Alcazarquivir, 1024 ; Alexandria, 1032 ;
Alexandrian MS. 986; Angola, 1004;
Barbary, 440, 825, 970, 1024 ; Binney,
942, 980, 1004, 1032, 1039 ; Cairo (see
Grand Cayro) ; Cape of Good Hope,
773, 973 ; Cartilage, 742 ; Egipt (Egypt),
1044 ; Gambia River, 981, 990, 1004 ;
Grand Cayro, 1032 ; Guinea, 4-6 ;
Guinea Company, 942, 980, 981, 1004,
1026, 1032, 1036, 1039 ; Morocco, 440,
1000 ; Nile River, 970 ; Red Sea, 147,
272 ; Senega, 1017 ; Senegambia, 990 ;
Tunis, 271, 985. See Negroes.
Ager. See Aueher.
Aggas, Edward, stationer, 887.
Agreements, 32-3.5, 496.
Aguiar, Don Rodrigo de (Spaniard), 648.
Aiken's " Court of James I.," 927.
Alabama, 1020.
Albany (N. Y.), 447, 676, 679, 707, 735,
737,' 745, 746.
Albert, Archduke (of Austria, governor
of the Spanish Netherlands), 19, 48,
666, 814, 817, 877, 956.
Albert, Archduke, and Isabella (daughter
of Philip II. of Spain and governess of
the Netherlands, 1621-1633), 27, 1037.
Alcocke, Thomas, 224.
Alden, Robert, N. Fid. Co., 390.
Aldermen. See London, Aldermen.
Aldersey, Elizabeth, 866; Samuel, 866.
Aldridge, Nicholas, merchant-tailor, 305.
Aldworth, Richard, grocer, 257, 387, 389,
558, 591, 687 ; Robert, of Bristol, 26 ;
Thomas, of Bristol, 10, 813 ; Thomas,
391.
Alen^on, Duke of, 844, 850.
Alexander the Great, 781, 782, 1008.
Alexander VI. (Pope, 1492-1503), 261,
366, 813.
Alexander, Henry, 1036; Master Robert,
16 ; William, Earl of Sterling, 758, 813,
1026, 1036, Port, 20.
Aliffe or Ayloffe. See AylifEe.
Alikock, Jerome, 167.
Alisbury, William, merchant-tailor, 304.
Ailde, Edward, stationer, 420, 813 ; John,
813.
Allen, Alleine, AUeyne, AUyne, etc., Ed-
mond, gent., 4()9, 547, 628, 630, 813 ;
Edward, fishmonger, 216, 280, 390, 468,
813 ; Giles, 8(i6 ; John, fishmonger, 228,
281, 813; Mary, 866; Robert, poet,
1026 ; Thomas, grocer, 225, 813.
Allington, or Alington, (iiles, gent., 547,
813; Sir Giles. 814, 851; Sir Giles,
813 ; Lieut. Giles, 813 ; AViUiam, 813.
Allot, Robert, stationer, 923.
Alm.anacks, ()()7.
Alnwick Castle, 105.
Alport, Thomas, N. Fid. Co., 390.
Amazon River, 64, 138, 139, 454, 657,
852, 885, 984, 985, 1032, 1039.
Ambassadors, the archduke's, 666; Dutch
(see Caron also), 104 ; English (see Ab-
bot ; Aston ; Canning ; Carew ; Carle-
ton ; Cornwallis ; Cottington ; Cranfield ;
Digby ; Digges ; Edmondes ; Ewre ;
Hay ; Howard, Charles ; Lee, Hugh ;
Merrick ; Middleton ; Muncke ; Neville,
Sir H. ; Pory ; Roe ; Sherleys ; Sidneys ;
Smith, Sir Thomas ; Spencer ; Stuart ;
ViUiers ; Wade ; Walsingham ; Wilson ;
Winwood ;' Wotton, and Zouch), 7, 98,
472 ; French (see Buisseaux), 677, 679,
680, 700, 723, 732, 734, 1067 ; Spanish
(see Gondomar, the Velascos, and Zu-
fiiga), 45, 46, 104, 183, 472, 663, 666 ;
Savoy (see aLso Scarnafissi), 665, 666 ;
Russia or Muscovy, 666.
Ambergris, 146, 635, 639, 646, 648, 655,
658, 661, 666, 667, 683, 735, 1042.
America, v, 29, 32, 33, 50, 63, 65, 80, 111,
147, 207, 250, 251, 262, 566, 574, 578,
609, 646, 672, 676, 680, 726, 730, 791,
795, 805, 838, 839, 845, 852, 906, 954,
1009, 1010, 1013, 1025-1027, 1041. See
Antarctic Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Atlan-
tic Ocean, North America, Pacific
Ocean, South America, West Indies.
American Antiquarian Society, 110, 170,
334 ; colonization, 977, 1046, 1069 ; en-
terprises, 282, 284, 611, 689, 748, 780,
1048 ; rarities, 1039.
Amidas, or Amydas, Joan, 915 ; Philip,
13, 14, 813, 890, 905, 976, 991 ; Wil-
liam, 915.
Amonate, 967.
Amplef ord, William, mereliaiit - tailor,
304.
Anacostan Indians, 1021.
Anchanachuck, 186.
Ancient, or Biblical, names of persons
and places referred to : Alexander
the Great, 276, 781, 782, 1008; Anak,
sons of, 289, 1030 ; Anteus the giant,
275; Arabia, 313; Babylon, 314; Ba-
san, 313 ; Cadmus, 498 ; Caleb, 639 ;
captive girle, 291 ; captive woman, 291 ;
captive youthes, 291 ; Ephesus, Queen
of, 563; Hercules, 276, 781, 1008; In-
dia, 313 ; Janus, 563 ; Joshua, 639 ;
Morosa, the ancient name of Virginia,
709 ; Moses, 745 ; Narsis, 313 ; Persia,
SKJ; Pomona, 313; seven cities, 837;
Sicily, 314 ; Theban's war, 498 ; Thes-
saly, 314; Tyrus, 313; Victoria the
goddess, 275. See Texts and Sermons.
Anderson, Elizabeth, 894 ; Sir Henry, 894.
Anderson's (Rev. J. S. M.) " History of
the Church of England in the Colonies,"
170, 284, 360.
Andrews, Mr. Warden Edmond, fishmon-
ger, 282 ; John, the elder, doctor of
Cambridge, 223, 813 ; John, the young-
er, of Cambridge, 224, 813 ; Capt. John,
INDEX.
1073
813 ; Rev. Dr. Lancelot, Bishop of Win-
chester, translator of the Bible, 8o(),
970; Mary, 8o0; Nicholas, 219, 468,
813 ; Thomas, 836 ; Mr. , 962.
Angell, John, 2.5.
Angelo. a negro woman, 987.
Anglo-Saxon, 730, 80.5.
Angus, Earl of, 1066.
Amials. See John Stow.
Annapolis, 718.
Anne of Denmark. See Anne Stuart.
Amie, Queen of England (1702-1714),
923.
Antarctic seas (around the South Pole),
21, 879.
Anthony, Charles, goldsmith, 215, 468,
770, 814 ; Derick, 814 ; Elizabeth, 814 ;
Dr. Francis (" aurum potabile"), 814,
818.
Antiquaries, Society of. See Society.
Antonio, Maestro (see Lymbry, English
pilot and spy in the service of Spain),
510, 524, 525.
Apamatica, 160.
Apocant, 187.
Apothecaries, 469, 799, 869, 874, 876,
975; druggists, 353; drugs, 314, 317,
395, 800 ; pharmacy, 395. See Doc-
tors.
Appalachian Range, or System, 17, 584,
1020. See Minerals.
Apsliam, 23.
Apsley, Sir AUen, 562, 814, 843, 953,
980.
Aquila, Don Juan de (D'Aquyla), Span-
iard, 266, 693, 814, 899.
Arago (1786-1853), 1025.
Arber's edition of Capt. John Smith's
Works, 108, 182, 328, 600.
Archdale, Barbara, 960 ; Sir Thomas,
960.
Archduke. See Albert.
Archer (see Aucher, also), Capt. Ga-
/Jbriel, first recorder of Virginia, etc.,
*^Tii, 25, 77, 110, 151, 156, 182, 201, 203,
215, 281, 327-332, 459, 814. 1007 ; John,
814 ; Thomas, stationer, 832, 1032.
Archer's Hope, 161, 814.
Archfeologia Americana, 110, 172, 177,
631, 602.
Archives of Jesus at Rome. Sae Jesuit
Archives.
Archives of Simancas. See Spanish Doc-
uments.
Arctic Ocean, or North Sea (around the
North Pole), 178, 668 ; circle, 795.
Argall, Anne, 814, 1023; Anne, 816;
Catherine, 814; Elizabeth, 814, 815;
Gaberell, 814 ; Jane, 814 ; John, 814 ;
John, Esq., 798, 803, 814, 815, 939;
Lawrence, 814 ; Margaret, 814 ; Marv,
815; Mary, 814, 81.5, 1011; Sir Regi-
nald, 814, 984, 1031 : Richard, 814,
996 ; Richard, the poet, 815 ; Rowland,
814 ; Sir Samuel, governor of Virginia,
etc., 307, 327, 330, 332, 334, 3;36, 343,
344, 357, 408, 417, 428-439, 457-459,
475, 481, 482, 488, 493, 530, 562, 570,
573, 639, 640, 645, 662, 664, 665, 676,
677, 679, 689, 702, 703, 709, 713-720,
724-726, 728, 730-734, 741-743, 745,
74t)-751, 760, 777, 798, 814, 816, auto.,
816, 818, 833, 835, 8(i9, 885, 902, 939,
942, 943, 967, 975, 982,984, 1008, 1011,
1023, 1031, 1032, 1065; Sara, 815;
Thomas, 814, 1031 ; Thomas, 815.
Argall's Bay, 816.
ArgaU's Gift, 962.
Arlington, Earl of, 827.
Armonch^-quois Indians, 535.
Armstrong. See Strongarm.
Army, xiv ; Army and navy officers. See
under Protestantism.
Armyne, or Airmyn, Lady Mary, 924,
925 ; Sir William, 924.
Arquien, Sieur d' (French), 724.
Arostsgui, Antonio de (Spanish), 509-
511.
Arrows, 160, 163, 289, 396, 485, 520, 583,
585, 791.
Arsahattacks, .504, 505.
Articles, 10, 32-35, 64-75, 471, 571.
Artniery, 165, 519, 660, 661, 682, 734,
900.
Arundel, Earl of. See Thomas Howard.
Arundell (see Erondelle), Anne, 817 ;
Elizabeth, 887 ; M. John, 14 ; John,
Esq., 467, 546, 803, 816 ; John, 816 ;
John, 887; Margaret, 887; Sir Mat-
thew, 816 ; Peter, 887 ; Thomas, Lord
of Wardour, 27, 48, 50, 198, 244, 245,
311, 324, 816, 817,927, 1061, Port., 31.
Asbie, John, 167.
Ascough (Askew, etc.), Sir Francis, 1046.
Ashcroft, Richard, 803, 817.
Ashhurst, Thomas, of Bristol, 2.
Ashley, Anne, 817 ; Anthony, 817 ; Sir
Anthony, translator, etc., 210, 466, 817,
818, 926 ; Henry, merchant-tailor, .304 ;
James, merchant - tailor, 304 ; Capt.
25 ; Capt. John, 213, 818 ; Robert,
817.
Ashmole, Elias, 488.
Ashmolean MS., 488, 562.
Ashmole's Museum, 199.
Ashton (see Aston), Sir Roger, 211, 818,
Port., 40.
Asia, 147, 994, 1023; Aden in Arabia,
147 ; Aleppo, 885, 970, 1000 ; Arabia,
23; Arabic MS., 1039; Babylon, 314;
Canaan. 365, 499, 578, 582 ; Caspian
Sea, 83, 793, 956, 10-38; "Dammaske,"
1044; Dead Sea (" Mare Mortuum"),
793; Holy Land, 275, 885, 1032,
"Bethlem," 1044, "Gaza," 1032,
" Galely," 1044, Jerusalem, 1032, 1044,
" Landes of Jewrie,'' 1044, Palestina,
793 (see Canaan also) ; Hydaspes (Jhy-
lum) River, 956 ; Ormus, 147 ; Oxus
River, 956; Red Sea, 147, 272; Sinde,
1074
INDEX.
river of, 957; Syria, 885, 937; Tar-
tary, 57o, 574, 785, 859 ; Tripolis in
Syria, 885 ; Turkey in Asia, 885, 1023.
See Chin.i, East India, Japan, Pacific
Ocean, Persia, etc.
Askew (Ascougb, etc.), James, 219, 468,
818.
Askin, Lady Anne, 1046.
Askwith, Robert, Esq., 467, 546, 818.
Aspley, William, stationer, 29, 818.
Assaeomoit (see Sasacomoit), Indian, 127,
131.
Assembly. See Burgesses.
Asten. Sae Austen.
Aston (see Ashton), Elizabeth, 818 ;
Walter, of Va., 818 ; Sir Walter, diplo-
mat, 544, 818, FotU, 50.
Atkins, Doctor (Henry), 1014; Mary,
8o9 ; Richard, 839 ; Thomas, fishmon-
ger, 282.
Atkinson, Edward, merchant-tailor, 303 ;
Richard, the elder, 1032 ; Richard, the
younger, ix, 308, 310, 818; William,
lawyer, 218, 818; Mr. , 14.
Atlantic Ocean, 20: "this sea," 647;
"North J<ea," 670, 673, 674, 675, 846,
947, 957, 972; bank, 394; catchops,
138 ; channels, 456, 647 ; coast survey,
188, 458; coast, xiv, 6, 81, 513, 514,
518, 519, 521 ; course to sail to Va.,
86 ; currents, 32, 330, 343, 346, 354,
394, 432, 439, 456, 518, 709; "discov-
erie of a shorter way," 307, 343, 344;
estuary, 512 ; fog, 432-434 ; Gulf
Stream, 456; harbors, 81, 394, 519,
644, 660, 970 ; Islandia. 80 ; keys, 512 ;
" La Manche," 721 ; Oscachopos, 138 ;
passage to Va. , 82, 83, 343 ; ready way
to Va., 508, 860 ; routes to Va., 82, 83,
86, 307, 343, 344, 393, 399, 489, 508,
518, 860; sandbank, 394; shalloAvs,
514, 519; shoals, 157, 4:37, 438, 459,
460, 514, 519, 793, 970 ; straits, 440 ;
tide, 406, 407, 438, 439, 489, 519. See
Azores, Bays, Canary Islands, Cape
Verde Islands, Gulfs, Islands, Madeira
Islands, Naval Affairs. Ships, Tem-
pests, Voyages, etc. Also, CLVIII.
Aubrey, John, antiquary, 864, 1053.
Aucher (see Archer). Anthony, Esq., 214,
818, 897, 93i), 992^ 99.) ; Sir Anthony,
212, 770, 796, 818, 819, 939; Sir An-
thony, Jr., 819; Edward, 818; Edwin,
995 ;' Elizabeth, 818, 939 ; Hester, 995 ;
Joan, S97 ; John, of Otterden, 818, 897.
Auditors of the Va. Co., viii-ix. See J.
Danvers, Essington, J. Ferrar, E. San-
dys, J. Wrothe, etc.
Audley, Margaret, 928 ; Thomas, Lord,
928.
Auger. See Aucher.
Austen, Ambrose, 803, 818 ; George,
812; Joan, 812.
Austria, Anne of, 907.
Austria, Margaret of, 967.
Authors, 24, and this Index, passim.
Averell, Bartholomew, 991.
Avila. See Zuliiga.
Avil^s (see Menendez), Gen. Alvaro
Sanehes de (ypaniard), 948.
Aviso, bark of, 17, 417, 497, 1055 ; letter
of, 474, 4U2.
Axacan, 947. See Chesapeake and Xa-
can.
Ayapassus, King of Pastancie, 641.
Aylesbury, Sir Thomas, 010.
Ayliffe, Sir William, 545, 813.
Aylmer, Bishop John, reformer, 19,
819.
Azores, or Western Islands, 18, 22, 24,
27, 80, 132, 392, 474, 480, 640, 699,
704, 720, 854, 855, 877, 916, 917, 970,
1001 ; Fayal, 704, 721, 724 ; Gratiosa,
403; St. George, 403; Terceira, 137,
403, 413, 970; lemons and oranges,
480.
Baber (see Barber), Edward, 468, 547.
Babington's estates, 976; plot, 1041.
Bache, George, fishmonger, 22.5, 819.
Backhouse, Nicholas, 894 ; Sarah, 894.
Bacon, Anthony, 819, 852 ; Sir Francis,
author, etc., v, vii, viii, xii, 119, 122,
207, 211, 232, 360, 390, 562, 565, 597,
637, 678, 789, 795, 807, 819-822, 825,
829, 840, 856, 907, 919, 935. 946, 953,
990, 993, 1026, 1028, 1039, 1040 ; essay,
667, 799-802, Port, 60 ; Henry, 950 ;
Sir James, 822; Martha, 822; Col.
Nathaniel, 822 ; Nathaniel the rebel,
822, 887, his rebellion, 829, 887, 909 ;
Sir Nicholas, 819 ; Sir Nicholas, 948.
Badger, John, 220, 822.
Baffin, William, author, 767, 779, 822,
837, 878, 1014, 1057, 1058.
Bagge, George, 822 ; James, 66, 92, 822 ;
Sir James, 802, 822.
Bagshaw, Mr. , fishmonger, 281.
Bahatnas, Bahoma, or Providence Isl-
ands, 329, 456, 512, 647, 837, 852, 862,
886, 915, 979, 980, 981.
Bailleur, le, French pilot, 711, 714.
Baker, Elizabeth, 996, 997; Sir John,
990, 997 ; John, 222, 822, 997 ; John,
merchant - tailor, 305; Michael, ]81,
29") ; ISir Richard, author, 571, 822,
997, 1048 ; Thomas, 803, 822.
Bald^vin. Francis, 548, 822.
Ball, George, 822; Col. Joseph, 987;
Richard, 803, 822.
Ballads, 420-426, 495.
Balser, Rali)h, merchant-tailor, .304.
Balthazar, Rev. Christopher, French pro-
vincial of the Jesuits, 475, 533.
Baltimore, Loi-d. — George Calvert.
Bamborough, Mary, 1045 ; Sir William,
1045.
Bamfield, Sir Amias, 545, 822; John,
Esq., 881.
Banbury, Earl of. — • W^illiam Knollys.
INDEX.
1075
Banbury, Richard, 304.
Bancroft, Rev. Richard, archbishop, au-
thor, etc.. 171, 823, 9L>i).
Banister, Richard, merchant, 21.5, 823.
Banks, Anne, HS-i ; John, 21.5, 770, 823 ;
Miles, cutler, 226, 828.
Bankworth, Mr. , stationer, 292 ;
Richard, 830.
Bantam on the Island of Java, 873, 957,
97:].
Barbadoes, 85G, 911, 920, 921, 1034,
1036, 1();59.
^Z— Barbar, Capt. Andreas (Spaniard), 132.
Barbary, kings of, 440.
Barber, Edward, 468 ; Gabriel, 1060 ;
Thomas, merchant, 215, 823.
Bardwell, William, 220.
BargTRve, Angel, or Ingle, 823 ; Capt.
George, 803, 823, 824, 943 ; Rev. Isaac,
823, 824; Capt. John, 803, 823, 824,
929, 932, 993, 1066; Richard, 823;
Robert, 823 ; Robert, 823 ; Rev.
Thomas, 823.
#5-' Barbara, Mr. , 982.
Barham, Downs, .537.
Barkeley (see Berkeley), John, 1065 ;
Mar\-, 1065.
Barker, Christopher, stationer, 824 ; Mat-
thew, raerchant-tailor, 304 ; Robert,
stationer, printer of the Bible, 292, 824 ;
Robert, shoemaker. 222, 824.
Barkham. Edward, 824; Edward, 468,
824, 823 ; Jane, 825 ; Margaret, 825.
Barkley. See Berkeley.
Barlee,' or Barley, Dulcibella, 114, 968 ;
John, 968; Capt. John. 114, 115.
Barley, Robert, 847 ; William, stationer,
966.
Barlow, Artliur, 13, 890, 905, 976 ; Fran-
ces, 945 ; Bishop William, a translator
of the Bible, 874, 945.
Barlow's (S. L. M.), Library, 18L
Barnard (see Bernard), John, 771, 828,
982 ; Thomas, 828.
Barneham, or Barnham, Alice, 820 ; Ben-
edict, 820 ; Sir Francis, .544, 825.
Barners (Barnes ?), Anthony, Esq., 214,
467, 825.
Barnes, Alice, 880 ; Anne, 825, 845, 943,
1041 ; Anne, 939 ; Bartholomew, 812 ;
Elizabeth, 825, 983; Edward, 8S0 ;
Edward, 219, 469, 825, 1061 ; Francis,
913 ; Sir George, the elder, reformer,
3, 825,839, 84o, 929, 983, 1041, Port,
70 ; Sir George, the younger, 12, 825,
896, 943 ; John, 825 ; John, stationer,
767; Joseph, stationer, 600, 601; Juli-
ana, 913 ; Margaret, 812; Roger, sta-
tioner, 419; Sir William, 93i>; WU-
liara, 215, 468, 825, 992; William,
fishmonger, 281. See Baron.
Barnevelt (or Olden Barnevelt), Mong.
(Dutch), 448, 9.59.
Barnstable, England, 17, 876, 947 ; Barn-
stable, .Mass., 460.
Baron, Cliristopher, 222, 770, 825, 982 ;
Richard, 825.
Barrett, Master Robert, (> ; William,
grocer, 469, .548, 5'.»0, 687, 825 ; Wil-
liam, stationer, 428.
Barrington, Sir Francis, 466, ,543, 825,
826, 868 ; Joan, 826.
Barros, John, author, 10, 826.
Bartle, Bartlev, Barklet, etc., Peter, 469,
547, 826, 9oV), 907.
Bartlett, Hon. J. R., xvi, 142, 337.
Barton, Capt. George, 16, 826.
Baskerville, Sir Thomaa, 23, 826, 998,
1031.
Basse, Humphrey, .548, 826.
Bassett, George, merchant-tailor, .305.
Basti, Gen. George (Albanian), 1007.
Bateman, Sir Anthony, 826 ; Richard,
826 ; Robert, 826 ; Robert, solicitor
E. I. Co., 220, 766, 803, 826, 982; Sir
Thomas, 826.
Bath, Earl of. — William Bonrchier.
Bath, Marquis of, xvii, 318, 384,
Bathes, 153, 154, 480, 489.
Bathori, Sigdsmund, 1007, 1008 ; Stephen,
1002, 1007 ; the three brothers (Chris-
topher, Sigismund, and Steplien), 1007,
Bathurst. Earl of, 826 ; Launcelot. 826 ;
Randolph, 814; Thomas, 221; Timo-
thy, grocer, 225, 257, auto., 823, 962.
Baudius, Dominic, of Leyden, 1026.
Bavaria, Duke of, 877.
Bayfill, John, fishmonger, 281.
Bayley (or Bailev), Capt. , 16 ; Capt,
John, 115; Roger, 18, 20; Thomas,
vintner, 226, 826 ; Walter, 18, 20 ; ,
1028.
Baynam. Richard, 904. c
Baynham, Mr. , 982.
Bayning, Andrew, grocer, 388; Paul,
Viscount, 845.
Bavs : ArgaU's, 816 ; Cape Cod, or
Whitson's, 460, 972, 1052 ; De la Warr,
327, 438, 461. 641, 1048 ; Fleets, 892 ;
Massachusetts, 194, 460, 1028; Pow-
hatan, Poetan, Portan, Purtan, Putin,
151, 188. See Chesapeake.
Beadle of the Va. Co., viii. See Francis
Carter.
Beale, Edward, grocer, 224, 827 ; John,
stationer, 657, 746 (759 ?) ; Robert, 12,
827, 1056.
Beard, George, merchant-tailor, .304.
Beast (see Best), Benjamin, 167.
Beaufort, Duke of (see Somerset), 1019.
Beaumont, John, clothier, .548, 827 ; Sir
Thomas, the elder, 466, 544, 827.
Becher, or Beecher, Sir William, 948.
Beck, Charles, 8U3, 827; William, gent.,
547, 827.
Bedford, Countess of. — Lucy Jlarring-
ton.
Bedford, Earl of. — Edward Russell.
Bedingfield, Sir Henry, 544, 837 ; Mar-
garet, 997.
1076
INDEX.
Beedel, Bedell, Gabriel, 218, 826 ; John,
218, 827.
" Beggar's Bush," 933.
Beilby, Elizabeth, 963 ; Dr. John, 963.
Bell, Ann, UU3 ; Dorothy, 924 ; Edward,
903; Capt. PhUip, 886; Sir Robert,
886; Sir Robert, 924; Robert, mer-
chant, 548, 574, 766, 827, 982.
Bellarmine (Cardinal Roberto Bellar-
mino), 361, 927.
Bellingham, Gov. Richard, 931, 1045.
Benbow, William, merchant-tailor, 305.
Benn, Sir Anthony, 914, 945.
Bennet, Edward, 982 ; George, 220, 827 ;
Henry, Earl of Arlington, 827; Sir
John, 466, 543, 827; Richard, 955;
William, fishmonger, 223, 281, 827.
Benson, Nicholas, 220, 468, 770, 827 ; Pe-
ter, 222, 827 ; Richard, 827.
Benton's statue, 81.
Bents, Alexander, 219.
Beomont. See Beaumont.
Berke, John, Dutch, 447.
Berkeley, Charles, Viscount Fitzharding,
827; Sir Charles, 802, 803, 827, 828,
y 899 ; Edward, 223 ; Edward, gent., 547,
^^ 827; Elizabeth, 873, 1031; George,
Lord, 1036 ; George, merchant, 219,
468, 594, 748, 759, 770, 827 ; Henry,
17th Lord, 1005 ; Sir Henry, 827, 956 ;
Henry, 828 ; Sir Henry, 828 ; Jane,
828 ; Sir John, 828 ; Sir- John, 827 ;
John Syms, 828; Margaret, 828; Sir
Maurice, 827, 960; Sir Maurice, 828;
Sir Maurice, 828 ; Sir Maurice, 93, 210,
232, 424, 466, 827, 828, 934 ; Norborne,
Baron de Botetourt, 827, 828 ; Sir Rich-
ard, 827 ; Sir Richard, 873 ; Richard,
803, 828, 985, 1005, 1031, 1060, 1069;
Robert, gent., 547, 828 ; Thomas, 1005 ;
William, 219, 828 ; WiUiam,_ 226 ; Sir
William, governor of Virginia, 827,
828, 899, 935, 956, 963.
Berkeley Hundred in Virginia, 828, 830,
962, 971, 985, 1005, 1006, 1031, 1032,
1047, 1059, 1060.
Berkshire, Earl of. — Francis Lord Nor-
ris.
Bermuda Nether Hundred, Va., 782,
1050.
Bermudas, Bermoothes, Bermoothawes,
etc.. Islands and Company, 23, 24, 80,
128, 192, 328, ,343, 40(J-402, 404, 408,
416-420, 422, 448, 456, 495, 508, 520,
537, 560, 568, 588, 589, 51)3-595, 602,
603, 607, 616-621, 633, 634, ()36-(;;19,
645-647, 649, 655, 656, 658, 660, 661,
663, 666-668, 680-684, 689, 724, 734,
736, 740, 750, 752-756, 759, 76C>, 773,
774, 789, 795 ; Dfemoniorum insulam,
Hand of the Devil, He of the Devil,
Land "of Devils, 419, 420, 589, 681,
753 ; Somers Island, 537, 557, 594, 620,
637, 66(5, 680, 74S, 752, 755, 756, 7()8,
770, 771,795; Summer Islands, 637,
645, 759, 1008, 1009 ; Vermudas, 495,
658 ; Virginiola, 537- See the Tem-
pest, and the Voyages to. Governors
of the island : Philip Bell, John Ber-
nard, Nathaniel Butler, Jolin Harrison,
and Daniel Tucker; of the company,
W. Cavendish, E. Sackville, and
Thomas Smith. Depvity : William Can-
ning. See Biographies, pp. 823, 824,
828, 846, 847, 874, 885, 886, 900, 913,
918, 920, 929, 945, 946, 948, 953, 958,
959, 979-982, 989, 994, 1000, 1013,
1014, 1017-1019, 1024, 1026, 1032-
1034, 1039, 1040, 1042-1044, 1053,
1055, 1057, 1059, 1062, 1064, 1065.
Bernard (see Barnard), John, 771, 828,
982 ; Rev. Richard, 779 ; Tliomas, 828 ;
William, merchant-tailor, 304.
BeiTisford, Rowland, or Robert, 225, 828.
Berrow, Mrs. Anne, 991.
Berry, Capt. , 977.
Bertie, or Berty, Peregrine, Esq,, 543,
828, 1006, 1069 ; Peregrine, Lord WU-
loughby, 814, 826, 82S, 914, 961, 997,
1006, 1029, 1030.
Besbeche (Beswick?), WiUiam, grocer,
390.
Best, EUis, 102, 192.
Beswicke, Anne, 959 ; William, 959.
Beverley's history of Virginia, 971.
Bevil, Elizabeth, 905 ; Philip, 905.
Beza, Theodore, French reformer, 984.
Eiancourt, Biencourt, Bencourt (see Pou-
trincourt), Charles de (French), 194,475,
533-536, 726 ; Jean de, 726 ; complaint,
725-729.
Biard, Rev. Father Peter, French Jesuit,
94, 699, 715, 718-720, 726-728, 815,
828 ; letters, 475, 476, 533-536, 700-
708 ; extract from his Relation, 709-
725.
Bible, quotations from, 361, 375 (see Ser-
mons and Texts) ; translation of 1565,
991 ; of 1604-1611, 97, 811, 824, 836,
852, 1026.
Biddeford, Maine, 1039.
Bideford, England, 19, 138.
Biggs, Capt. Walter, 16, 828, 868.
Bileth. See Byleth.
Bill, Mr. John, stationer, 293, 828.
Bills of Adventure, 252, 308, 309, 389,
390-392, 452-454, 471, 496, 540, 549,
555, 763, 774, 852.
Bing, or Byng, George, 1069; WUliam,
803, 828, 829, 982, 1069.
Bingham, Capt. John, 213.
Bingley, John, E.sq., 214, 467, 549, 829,
980, 1069 ; Sir Richard, 545, 829, 980 ;
, the pirate (Sir Richard ?), 119.
Biographies, xii, xiii, 807-1070.
Biondi, G. F., Dalmatian author, 601, 829.
Birch's "Memoirs of Elizabeth," 852;
" Life of Henry Prince of Wales," 108,
237, 387 ; " Court and Times of James
I.," 527, 734, 730.
INDEX.
1077
Birds of Virginia, 161, 175, 585, 586, 683,
800.
Birnle, Capt. , 97".
Biron (Byron ?), M., 2.
Bishop, Bisshop, , 223 ; Edward, sta-
tioner, 222, 293, 46S, 770, 829 ; Miister
George, stationer, 292, 321, 812, 824,
829, 891.
Bisseaux. See Buisseaux.
Bitfield, Capt. , 10.
Black Prince, 370.
Blackall, John, 909.
Blacker, Rev. Beaver H., xvii.
Blacksmiths, 203, 227, 248, 3.53, .520, 858.
Blackwall, William, stationer, 969.
Blake, Patrick, merchant-tailor, 304.
Blakemore, Arthur, grocer, .590 ; Richard,
803, 829.
Bland, Adam, 829 ; Adam, 829 ; Edward,
829 ; Edward, 829, 830 ; Edward, 874 ;
Edward, author, 830 ; Giles, rebel,
829, 830 ; Gregory, merchant-tailor,
30(5, 829, 830, 1000 ; Jane, 829 ; John,
829, 830 ; John, 830 ; John, grocer,
803, 829, 830, 902, 994, 1000, 1042;
Sarah, 830 ; Theodorick, 829, 962, 994 ;
Thomas. 994.
" Bland, Fals of," 830.
Blantyre, Lord, 1049.
Blasius, Friar, Spaniard, 129, 130.
Bletsoe, 573.
Blount, or Blunt, Catherine, 827 ; Charles,
Earl of Devonshire, 1067 ; Edward, or
Ned, stationer, 667, 803, 830; John,
grocer, 225, 830: Judith, 8-52, 1017;
Richard, 803, 830; Sarah, 997, 1004,
1013, 1017 ; Thomas, Esq., 992 ; Wal-
ter, 992 ; William, 827 ; William, 852,
1017. See Montjoy.
Blount Point. Va., 1043.
Bludder, Sir Thomas, 212, 830.
Blundell, Capt. John, 213.
Blythe (see Bvleth), Capt. Richard, 8.37;
William, 903.
Bodleian Library, xvii, 488, 562, 986,
1018.
Bodley, Sir Thomas, 1018.
Bohun, or Boone, Dr. Lawrence, 412, 479,
546, 830, 831, 907, 1029, 1056.
Boleyn, Amata, 882 ; Queen Anne, 882.
Bolingbroke, Viscounts, 989.
BoUes, Anne, 1004 ; Sir George, 214, 257,
387, 388, 557, 591, 686, auto., 831, 914,
1004.
BoUing, Alexander, 816 ; Thomas, 816.
Bolton, Capt. Thomas, 6.
Bond, Anne, 906, 10-52 ; Sir George, 831 ;
Martin, haberdasher, 217. 8t»3, 831.
1052 ; Thomas. 802, 803, 831 ; AViUiara.
831, 906; WiUiam, Esq., 831 ; William,
merchant-tailor, 303 ; Sir William, 496,
831.
Bone, George, 894.
Ronham, Thomas, 831; William, 215,
4C9, 831.
Bonnyvale, Samuel, merchant-tailor, 304.
" Booke called ye Lotterie," 571 ;
" booke or thinge," etc., 538; books,
24, 72, 576, 007, 778, 1051. See Sta-
tioners' Company.
Bookkeeper of the Virginia Company
(1609-1()), vii. viii. (Name unknown ;
but Valentine Markhum held the office
in 1619, and probably before that
date.)
Boothby, Thomas, merchant-tailor, 303.
Boris-GodrunofF, " Caisar," of Russia
(1598-1605), 1012, 1013.
Borlace, Borlase, Burlacie, Dr. Edmund,
author, 831 ; Sir John, 212, 831.
Borough, Borowgh, Boroughs, Burgh,
etc., Henry, 925 ; Sir John, 21, 22, 831,
925, 956 ; Capt. John (Brough), 803,
834; John, 929; Stephen (Borowgh),
831; WiUiam Lord, 831, 925; Wil-
liam, author, etc , 11, 831, 832.
Boston, Mass., 781, 1029, 1030, 1036.
" Boston Daily Advertiser," 730.
Boston Harbor, 460.
Bosville, Nicholas, merchant-tailor, 304.
Boteler. See Butler.
Botero, Italian, 932.
Boughton, Francis, 958 ; Rachel, 958.
Boulaye, Monsieur la, French, 724.
Boulstrode, or Bulstrode, Sir William,
466, 544, 629, 630, 832.
Bourchier, Anthony, 888, 1012 ; Lady Ce-
cilia, 9(56 ; Elizabeth, 998 ; Sir Henry,
1027 ; Sir James, 998 ; John, 2d Earl of
Bath, 966; Sir John, 4(5(5, .543, 832,
999; Mary, 888, 1012; Thomas, 998-;
William, Earl of Bath, 796, 832.
Bourke, Burke, Burgh, Richard, Earl of
Clanricard, 542, 832, 1041.
Bourne, David, 219, 469, 832 ; Nicholas,
stationer, 767, 832, 837, 1059; Richard,
grocer, 591, 687 ; Ruben, 548, 832 ;
William, author, 925, 926, 1006.
Bourne's (H. R. Fox) " Famous London
Merchants," 310, 985.
Bowden, Martyn. merchant-tailor, 305.
Bowdler, Richard, 390.
Bowes, Sir Jerome, 914.
Bows, 156, 158, 100-163, 396, 520.
Bowyer, Anne, 912 ; Sir Edmund, 466,
.544, 803, 832 ; Francis, 832 ; Sir Hen-
ry, 912 ; Robert, Esq., 214, 832, 1069 ;
Robert, grocer, 257, 387-389, 558, 591,
686, 832.
Box, William, 1009.
Boyle, Richard, stationer, 293 ; Richard,
Earl of Cork, 890 ; Hon. Robert, 890.
Boys. Rev. .John, 823.
Brackley, Viscount — Thomas Egerton.
Bradford, Rev. John, martyr, 942, 943 ;
Thomas, merchant-tailor, 305.
Bi-adley, Rev. Francis, 4(59, 547.
Brand. Benjamin, Esq , 54(5, 832-
Brandon, or Martin's Brandon, Va., 821,
913, 943, 944.
1078
INDEX.
Brandon, the hangman of London, 1008.
Brathwait, Richard, poet, 785, 832.
Bray, Edmund, SHI, 1U31.
Brayne, Ellen, SoO.
Brazil, 138, 153, 671, 768, 838, 916, 029;
" The Portugales doe inhabite from 7°
to 24° So. Lat.," 671 ; Baija das Ilhas,
671 ; Baija del Spirito Santo, 671 ; Baija
de todos Santos, 671 ; Fernambuck,
671 ; Maraynor (Maranhao) River, 768 ;
Paraiba, 671 ; Petiguoras, 671 ; Porto
Seguro, 671 ; Santos, 671 ; Sant Vin-
cente, 671. See South America.
Brazil, island of, 837 ; wood, 146.
Brearley, or Brierly, James, fishmonger,
216, 280, 832.
Bree, John, gent., 221.
Bremige (Gamage ?), Mr. , 14.
Brereton, John, 25, 829, 832, 833, 918,
1009.
Bret, or Brett, Capt. , 852 ; ,
965 ; Mrs. Anne, 965 ; James, 824 ; Sir
Robert, 865 ; Thomas, fishmonger, 281,
833.
Brevoort, James Carson, 881.
Brewers, 226, 353, 3.56, 470, 858, 883.
Brewsey. See Prusey.
Brewster, Edward, son of William, 224,
407, 417; Capt. Edward, 492, 833;
Edward, stationer, 833 ; Sackf ord, 830 ;
William, 167 ; William, 214, 833.
Brick, 492; layers, 356, 469; makers,
248, 353, 356, 469 ; making, 584 ; men,
4.39, 445.
Bridges (see Brydges), Bishop John, 542,
833.
Briggs, Henry, author, etc., 803, 833;
Richard, 803.
Bright, WilUam, 469, 547.
Brinslv, Capt. , 212.
Bristol, England, 10, 11, 26, 53, 359, 384,
391, 733, 780, 813, 837-839, 907, 931,
947, 972, 973, 990, 1030-1032, 1052.
See Guy, Hopkins, James, Whitson,
etc.
Bristol, Earl of. — John Digby.
British Museum, xvii, 36-38, 108, 148,
337, 391, 524, 549, 562, 566, 733, 774,
790, 1051.
Britton (Britain, Brereton), John, .548,
770, 833; Thomas, 221, 833.
Broadsides, 24, 248, 249, 3.i4-356, 4.39,
445, 469, 470, 608, 761-766, 797-799,
1025.
Brochero, Don Diego (Spaniard), 588, 592,
833.
Brock, R. A., xvii, 488.
Brocket, Thomas, gent., 225, 833.
Bromfield, Arthur, Esq., 77 ), 833.
Bromlev, Elizabeth, 809 ; Sir Henry, 959 ;
Sir Thomas, 869.
Brond, John, 832.
Brook, Brooke, Brookes, Alderman, 904 ;
Alice, 825 ; Sir Calisthenes, 210, 833 ;
Christopher, Esq., poet, etc, 214, 232,
384, 467, 623-631, 692, 694, 833, 834,
864, 1026; Edward, 155; Elizabeth,
849; Lady Elizabeth, 869; Francis,
14; Henry, Lord Cobham ; 26, 834,
Port-, 80 ; John, merchant-tailor, 304 ;
Sir John, 211, 834; John, 834 ; Richard,
216, 834; Sir Richard, 956; Robert,
833 ; Sk Robert, 869 ; Samuel, 834 ;
Silvester, 876 ; William, Lord Cobham,
834, 849.
Brooke, Lord. See Greville.
Brooks, Capt. Christopher, 834.
Brooker, Hugh, Esq., 214, 834.
Broomsgrave, Mr. , fishmonger, 281.
Brough, Capt. John, 803, 834.
Brouncker, Joan, 1011; Robert, 1011.
Brown, Mr. , of the Carter-Brown
Library, 142.
Brown, Browne, Anthony, Viscount Mon-
tagu, 1061 ; Christopher, 890, 901 ; Ed-
ward, 842 ; Edward, 167 ; John, mer-
chant-tailor," 305, 306, 834 ; John, N.
Fid. Co., 390 ; Mary, 1055, 1061 ; Marv,
901; Matthew, 217; Nicholas, 834;
Richard, 930; Richard, 6, 834, 930;
Sir R. , 890 ; Susan, 930 ; AViUiam,
shoemaker, 222, 834 ; Sir WiUiam, 210,
834 ; William, poet, 1026 ; Master ,
417 ; Mr. , 978.
Browning, John. 1005 ; Mary, 1005.
Brownrig, Matthew, 80.3, 834.
Bruce, Christian, 847, 848 ; Edward, Lord,
847 ; Lord, 989.
Brudenel, or Brudenell, Edmund, 220,
834; Francis, 834.
Bruges, Sir George, 1033 ; Mary, 1033.
Brunswick, Duke of, 1028.
Brydges (see Bridges), Frances, 851,
1018; Grav, Lord Chandos, 209, 231,
834, 835, 851 ; WiUiam, Lord, 834, 851,
1018.
Buck, Benoni. 835, 865 ; Mara, 835 ; Sir
Peter, 857; Rev. Richard, 407, 547,
619, 782. 835, 987. 1050.
Buckhurst, Lord. See Sackville.
Buckingham. Countess of. 965.
Buckingham. Edward. Duke of. 997.
Buckingham (Sheffield). Duke of, 999.
Buckingham. See Villiers.
Buckler, Andrew, 325.
Buekner, Thomas, 911.
Budd, W. (tobacco), 772 ; William, fish-
monger, 282.
Budge, John, stationer, 595, 904.
Budoekshead, Winifred. 901.
Buenos Avres (Venezuela coast), 510, 512,
524, 52.^ ; (Plate River). 670.
BuiUon, Duke de (French), 569, 835.
Buisseaux. or Bisseaux, Mons. de, French
ambassador, 665, 677, 679, 680, 725,
732-734, 835.
Buley (Balev?), Master John, 680.
Bulkelev, Katlu'rine, 835, 994 ; Sir Rich-
ard, 835 ; Sir Richard, 803, 835, 994 ;
Thomas, 835.
INDEX.
1079
Bull. See Ball.
Bull, Dr. John, musician, 104 ; Thomas,
grocer, 2.57.
Bullinan, Joan, 1063 ; Thomas, 1003.
Bullock, John, Esq., 214, 836.
BuUs, Papal, xiii, xiv, 2, 3, 7, 14, 15, 19,
119, 201, 366, 669, 673-675, 838.
Burbage, James, 836 ; Richard, 637, 836.
Burgesses in Vii-ginia, 830, 835, 892, 904,
913, 933, 943, 962, 963, 970, 971, 1000,
1021, 1034, 1059, 1065. See under
Firsts.
Burgh (see Borough), Henry, 925; John,
929; William, Lord, 831, 925.
Burgon's Life of Gresham, 7, 905.
Burgoyne, Nicholas de (Huguenot), 17,
83(); Peter, 222, 836; Robert, 222,
836 ; Thomas, 222, 836.
Burie, Pindle, merchant, 501.
Burke's Works (Peerage and Baronetage
Extinct, Extant, and Dormant ; Land-
ed Gentry ; Vicissitudes of Families ;
etc.), 868, 930, 935, 963, 1040, 1060.
Burk's History of Virginia, 65, 79, 170.
Burlacie, !Sir John, 212, 831.
Burlamachi, Philip, Dutch merchant and
banker of London, 388, 574, 875.
Burleigh, or Burghley, Lord. — William
Cecil.
Burley, Rev. Francis, 222, 836; Rev.
Francis, 547.
Burnell, Mrs. Barbara, 1058.
Burnham, Samuel, 224, 836.
Burray, Capt. , 213.
Burre, Walter, stationer, 766, 772.
Burrell, or Burwell, Andrews, 836, 973 ;
Edward, 220 ; John, 836 ; Ninian (Min-
ion), 803, 836 ; Richard, grocer, 557,
561, 591, 687; William, 469, 548, 574,
836, 973. See BusseU.
Burrough. See Borough.
" Burroughs, Ancient," in Virginia, 1025.
Burton, George, 218, 836.
Burve, Julian (widow), 972.
Busbridge, John, 220, 468, 836.
Busby, Ralphe, grocer, 225, 836.
Busca. See Basti.
Bushell, Thomas, the Life of, 1040.
Bussel (Burrel ?), Sarah, 1063 ; William,
1063.
Buteridge, Frauncis, raierchant-tailor, 305.
Butler, or Boteler, George, gent., 228,
836; James, 836, 982; John, 836;
Capt. Nathaniel, governor, author, etc.,
797, 832, 836, 837, 863, 982, 994, 1064 ;
Sir Oliver, 836 ; Samuel, poet, 920 ;
the sister of Captain Nathaniel, 836,
863.
Butter, Nathaniel, stationer, 128, 837,
886, KKil.
Button, Miles, 837; Sir Thomas, 214,
467, 556, 667, 686, 837, 878, 901, 930,
942, 955, 980, 982, 1013, 1058.
Butts, Thomas, 2, 837 ; Sir William, 837.
Byleth, Bylott, etc. (Blythe ?), Robert,
656, 767, T79, 822, 837, 1014, 1057,
1058.
ByUs. See BiUs.
Byng. See Bing.
Byrd, Mary, 990 ; Col. William, 935, 990,
1063 ; Col. William, 888 ; the family
of Virginia, 990.
Byron (see Biron), Alice, 977 ; Sir John,
977.
C, T., 966.
Cabell, Alice, 827; N. F., Esq., xvii ;
Lt.-Col. William, xvii, 37.
Cabot, John (Venetian), 2, 18, 837, 838,
839 ; Sebastian, 3, 672, 733, 838, 839,
859, 1022, Port., 91.
Cadiz (Spain), 24, (i07, 816, 817, 836,
854, 877 ; knighted there, passim.
Cffisar, Sir Charles, 825, 840 ; Sir Ju-
lius, author, 8, 36, 179, 677, 679, 686,
813, 820, 821, 839-841, 939, 944, Port.,
101; "Dr. Caesar Adelmare " (Vene-
tian), 839, 840, 939.
Caesar Papers, 36, 37.
Cage, Anne, 914 ; Anthony, 914 ; Edward,
grocer, 222, 468, 841, 914 ; John, 841,
906.
Calais, Cales (France), 588, 706, 723,724,
1056.
Calendars, Clarendon Papers, 18 ; House
of Lords, 959.
Calendars, State Papers, Domestic, Eliz.,
9, 10, 13, 14, 21, 1007 ; Domestic, Ja.s.
L, 760 ; Colonial, America, 10, 12, 386,
454, 760 ; Colonial, E. I., 8, 237, 249,
573, 860.
California (Cape), 672.
Callamata, 785, 841.
Callaway, Kelleway, Kellowav, Kelway,
Agnes, 880; Ann, 897; Anne, 912;
Mary, 856 ; Robert, 912 ; Sir William,
897.
CallowhiU, Christopher, 907, 1052.
Calthorpe, Elizabeth, 882 ; Sir Philip,
882. See Galthorpe
Calvert, Cecil, 817, 842 ; George, Lord
Baltimore, 214, 803, 817, 841, auto.,
842, 942, 979, 1039, 1047, 1058, 1067,
Port., 111.
Cam, or Came, Master Thomas, 27, 842 ;
, of Plymouth, 34.
Camache, Capt. Alphonse (French), 758.
Camack, Camock, Comock, Thomas,
Esq., 857.
Cambridge, 614.
Camden Society publications, 768, 773,
789.
Camden, William, author, 31, 924, 970.
Camoeacocke, 488.
Camock. See Camack.
Campbell, or Cambell, Abigail, 812;
Elizabeth, 997; Sir James, 226, 842,
997; .Sir Thomas, 812, 842, 997.
Campbell's (Charles) History of Virginia,
43, 150, 777.
1080
INDEX.
Campe, Laurence, draper, 222, 468, 842.
Canada, 4G0, 664, 677, 679, 698, 732, 813,
841, 911, 945, 946, 1048; river of, 532.
See CLVIII.
Canadian Government, 707 ; Canadians,
707.
Canary Islands, 128, 245, 328, 343, 345,
456, 489, 830 ; Veego (Vega), 137.
Candish. See Cavendish.
Candle, sale by, 735.
Candler, Anne, 919.
Canne, William, 842.
Canner, Master Thomas, 26.
Canning-, George, 842 ; George, Viscount,
842 ; Paul, diplomat, 224, 842 ; Rich-
ard, 842 ; William, 887 ; WiUiam,
Deputy Treasurer, 224, 468, 756, 770,
auto., 842, 887, 934, 943, 982.
Cannon, Thomas, gent., 222, 842.
Canoas, 128, 129, 152, 157, 159, 166, 644.
Cant, Hugo of Prague, 936.
Cantauntock, 188.
Canterbury, Archbishop of. See George
Abbot, and William Laud.
Canterbury, Town of, 760, 790.
Cantrell, William, gent., 217, 842.
Capahowasick, 188.
Capes : Anne, or Tragabigzanda, 460,
853, 999, 1025 ; Breton (Briton, etc.), 6,
10, 11, 12, 23, 24, 322, 717, 732, 845,
890, 897, 929 (Britton), 930, 1021, 1023,
1040 ; California, 672 ; Charles, 409,
438, 439, 459, 565, 644, 781, 877, 1013,
1025 ; Cod, Malabar, or " Whitson's
hed," 429, 431, 436, 437, 459, 460, 815,
816, 876, 877, 902, 970, 985, 10.52;
Comfort, see Comfort ; Digges, 878 ;
Elizabeth, 1025 ; Feare, 459 ; Finister,
32 ; Francisco, or San Francisco, 881,
917 ; Good Hope, 773, 973 ; Gracias-a-
Dios, 886 ; Hatteras, 459 ; Henry, 158,
354, 401, 403, 404, 409, 414, 429, 484,
565, 781, 1025; Kenrick, 4.59; La
Warr, 438; Lookout, 459; Malabar,
459 ; Porpas, or Porpoise, 460 ; S. John,
459; "San Nicolas," 393, 394; San
Roman, 514 ; Shole, 459, Tragabig-
zanda, 853 ; Trafalgar, 514 ; Whitson.
See Cape Cod. See the Maps.
Capps, William, of Virginia, 1056.
Captain of the John and Francis (?), 739.
Captain of the Watch, 530.
Captains, 212-214, 219, 467, 542, 547,
775.
Captain - General. See Thomas West,
Lord De La Warr.
Carayon, R. P. Augnste, 475, 698-700.
Carbery, Earl of. — John Vaughan.
Cardan, 910.
Careless, Thomas, 219. See Edward
Wright.
Carew, Ann, 937 ; Anne, 843 ; Edward,
221 ; Edmund, 842 ; Rev. George, 842 ;
George, Lord, author, 141, 143, 209,
231, 379, 526, 736, 768, 773, 774, 789,
828, 842, auto., 843, 861, 880, 898, 899,
901, 917, 938, 956, 970, 1042, 1054,
1055, 1066, Port, 121 ; Sir George, au-
thor and diplomat, 279, 843, 1069;
Gome, 102, 192; Katherine, 842; Sir
Matthew, 983 ; Sir Nicholas, 937 ;
Thomas, the poet, 983 ; Mr. , 898.
Carew Papers, 736, 861.
Carey, or Cary, Catherine (Knollys),935 ;
Sir Edward, 844 ; Sir George, 467, 543,
843, 844, 979, 1043 ; Henry, Lord Huns-
don, 18, 844, 1045, 1046; Sir Henry,
Viscount Falkland, 210, 232, 466, 844,
926, 978, 1050, Port., 131 ; Sir Henry,
Captain, 803, 844 ; Sir Henry (which ?),
628-630, 978, 1069 ; Katherine, 1045 ;
Katherine, 926, 1045, 1046; Lucius,
844, 954, 995; Sir Philip, 803, 844,
982; Sir Robert, author, 212, 844,
1018, Port., 141 ; Thomas, 843 ; Hon.
Thomas, 920, 1018 ; Rev. Dr. Valen-
tine, 1025.
Caribbee Islands, 875, 918, 982, 1058.
Carleill, Carlile, Carlyle, Carlisle, etc.,
Master Alexander, 16 ; Alexander, 825,
845, 929 ; Alice, 825, 929; Capt. Chris-
topher, author, etc., 8-12, 14, 16, 825,
845, 890, 894, 896, 929, 937, 1021,
1023, 1030, 1041, Port., 161.
Carleton, Mrs. or Miss, Alice, 605, 907 ;
Sir Dudley, diplomat, etc., 113, 114,
179, 180, 205, 237, 509, 527, 532, 5-37,
540, 561, 569, 590, 592, 601, 610, 634,
654, 665, 667, 668, 686, 691, 696, 697,
789, 819, 820, 829, 833, 8.35, 845, 848,
863, 870-873, 878, 888, 895, 896, 917,
941, 955, 969, 970, 981, 988, 991,
1012, 1014-1016, 1028, 1037, 1042,
1043, 1066, Port., 171 ; Bishop (George),
1039.
Carleton' s Virginia Papers, 879.
Carlisle, Earl of. — James Hay.
Caimarden (or Carwarden), Richard, 846 ;
Richard, Esq., 546, 846.
Carne, Edward, Esq., 546, 845 ; William,
845.
Carolina, 5, 17, 818, 828, 860, 919, 1036.
Caron, Sir Noel de, Dutch ambassador,
89, 440, 845, 846, 872.
Carpenter, Abraham, 803, 846 ; Alice,
846 ; Thomas, 215, 846 ; William, 224,
846.
Carpenters sent to Virginia, 84, 203, 248,
353, 355, 439, 445, 470, 491, 520, 642,
799 ; Carpenters' Company, 227, 858.
Carr. or Carre, Sir Edward, 543, 846 ;
Lady Elianor, 467, 542 ; Robert. Earl
of S'omerset, 677-679, 684, 820, 846,
865, 915, 928, 951, 1039.
Carril, or Can-yll, , 935.
Carte, the historian, 986.
Carter, Christopher, 1043 ; Francis (see
Beadle), 548, 846, 958, 975, 1011;
James, 913, 914 ; Randall, or Randolph,
217,468, 846; M. , 2.
INDEX.
1081
Carter-Brown Library, 142, 181, 242,
280, 284, 2U5, 81:3, 323, 337, 428, 478,
53(t, 5o8, OOO, (512, 621, 746, 790, 791.
Carthagena (South America), 16, 510-
512, 524, 525, 671, 675, 71)2, 828, 905.
Cartier, Jacques (French), 10.
Cartwright, Abraham, 220, 468, 770, 846,
1036 ; Frances, 846, 1036.
Carvil, or Carril, John, 220, 846.
Carwarden. ISee Camiarden.
Carwardine, , 846.
Cary. See Carey.
Gary 11, (see Carrill), 935.
Casas, Bartholeme de las (Spaniard), 673.
Casaubon (Swiss), 970.
Cashier of the Virginia Company, viii.
Cassen, Casson, Cason, Allen, 220 ;
George, 169; John, 221, 469, 846,
982.
Castelyn, Edward, 4; John, 11.
Castillon, Barbara, 923 ; John Baptist,
923.
Castle, John, 862 ; Roger, 904.
Castles in Spain, 971-
Castles in the air, 575.
Caswell, Richard, 210, 468, 770, 846.
" Catalina, Madama," 173, 176, 177.
Cater, or Catto, William, 220, 846.
Cates' Die. of General Biography, 856,
938.
Catesby, gunpowder conspirator, 817.
Cathaia, or Cathay (China and East Tar-
tars), 5, 21, 90," 924, 949. See China.
Cathohe Church, 244, 266, 324, 375 ; men,
476; Catholics, 736, 1037, 1055. See
Romanism.
Cattle, sent to Virginia, 164. 176, 323,
3.32, 454, 4S1, 4S',), 491-493, .506, .520,
618, 627, 042, 047, 660, 762, 775, 797,
873, 900, 921, 1059 ; Cattle house in Vir-
ginia, 492; cows, 130, 491, 520; kine,
461, 462, 474, 481, 482, 586, 642, 776.
Caus, Solomon de (Huguenot), 102.5.
Cavady, John, grocer, 225.
Cavendish, Anne, 848 ; Master George,
16 ; !Mr. Henry, 847 ; Mary, Countess
of Shrewsbury (see Talbot), 542, 846,
1030 ; Capt. Thomas, author, etc., 14,
18, 21, 671, 840, 843,844,846, 882, 890,
1046, Port.. 181 ; sister to Capt. Thomas,
882 ; Sir William, 846, 847 ; William,
Lord, 542, 748, 755, 770. 846. 847, 944,
1(J30, Port., 201 ; Sir William, 549, 847,
848, 1016, 1069.
Caxton, William, mercer, 858.
Cazimir, John, " Duke of Bavier," 1002.
Cecil, Lady Anne. 829 ; Anne, 1002, 1038 ;
Dorothy, 813, 851 ; Sir Edward, author,
etc., 210, 231, 384, 466, 474, 528, 529,
803, 848, 849, 851, 882, 901, 927, 1069,
Port., 211; Elizabeth, 851; Frances,
851, 10;34; Mary. 851, 876; Richard,
851 ; Robert, Earl of Salisbury, vii, 90,
98, 111, 114, 115, 119, 122, 123, 143,
145, 148, 200, 207, 209, 278, 307, 320,
325, 326, 3.34, 356, 357, 400, 413, 444,
447, 448, 450, 4.54, 472, 476, 501-.508,
522, 527, 530-S532, 530, 539, 556, 569,
807, 820, 841, 849, auto., 850, 851, 852,
860, 862, 864, 869, 894, 902, 905, 931,
941, 948, 955, 968, 970, 977, 990, 10.54,
1067, Port., 221 ; Thomas, 851 ; Thom-
as. Earl of Exeter, 206, 209, 231, 686,
813, 84^, 850, 851. 874, 876, 882, 1018,
1034, Port., 231 ; William, Lord Roos,
851, 936, 938, 970; William, Lord
Cranborne, 179. 388, 542, 849, 851,
1009; Capt. William, 16, 851, 882;
William, Lord Burghley. author, etc.,
4^7, 9, 21, 819, 849, 850, 851, 859, 883,
936, 1002, 10;38, Port., 241.
Cedar (wood), 87, 107, 157, 162, 164, 166,
423, .587, 754.
Ceely (see Seely), Christopher, 998 ; Capt.
Thomas, 998.
Cellini, Italian sculptor, etc., 909.
Cervantes, Spanish author, 926, 938.
Chaderton, or Chatterton, Elizabeth, 852 ;
Rev. Dr. Lawrence, a translator of the
Bible, etc., 803, 852, 1050.
Challeux (Huguenot), 5.
Challons, Chalinge, Challoner, Chalonour,
etc., Capt. Henry, 64, 95, 96, 98, 99,
101, 119, 122, 127, 131-134, 137, 148,
183, 758, 830.
Chaloner, Sir Thomas, the elder, 852;
Sir Thomas, author, etc., 93, 173, 210,
232, 657, 852, 1017, Port., 251.
Chalmers, George, lOl ; Introduction, etc.,
777 ; Political Annals of Virginia, 360.
Chamberlain, The Lord. See Thomas
Howard, Earl of Suffolk.
Chamberlain. Chamberlaine, Chamber-
layne, Abraham (Huguenot), 215, 388,
468, 574, 770, 852, 982; Elizabeth,
1023 ; George, 468, 547, 770, 852, 853,
948 ; Henry, 876 ; John, letter writer,
etc., 104, 111, 179, 180, 205, 237, 509,
527, 532, 537, 540, .509, 570, 605, 610,
654, 665, 667, 686, 691, 696, 697, 789,
820, 833, 835, 848, 849, 853, a54, 863,
878, 888, 907, 914, 917, 930, 941, 944,
948, 955, 965, 970, 988, 991, 1012, 1014-
1016, 1023, 1028, 1030, 1037, 1042, 1043,
1066, 1067; Judith, 876; Dr. Peter
(Huguenot), 852 ; Richard, the elder,
839, 8.53, 1023; Richard, 215, 468;
Richard, .547 ; Richard (which ?), 594,
748, 770, 796, 853 ; Robert. 803, 853.
Chambers, George, fishmonger, 281, 852.
Chambers, the historian, 974.
Champernon, Champernoune, etc.. Sir
Arthur, 91>8; Elizabeth, 998; Gawen,
991 ; Katherine, 890, 898 ; Richard,
969 ; Ursula, 991.
Champion, Richard, 217, 853.
Champlaine, Samuel de, French explorer,
etc., 27, 457, 459, 676, 720, 853.
Champneys, Catherine, 994 ; Richard,
994.
1082
INDEX.
Chanco, an Indian, 971.
Chandler, George, 224, 853.
Chandos, Lord. See Brydges.
Chandose, Old Lady, 1002, 1045.
Chanoyes, Shanois, 785, 853.
Chanter's Literary History of Barnsta-
ple, 17.
Chapman, Edmond, 914; George, poet,
29-31, 594, 604, 853, 864, 1026, 1038 ;
Jane, 814 ; Richard, 966.
Charatza, Trazabigzanda, 785, 853.
Charlemont's, Lord, Library, 420.
Charles Eramannel I. of Savoy (1580-
1630), 829. 885, 977, 980.
Charles I. of Spain, or Emperor Charles
V. (1519-1556), 49, 074, 838, 839, 853,
953, 966.
Charles, Prince. See Charles Stuart.
Charles City, Va., 913, 933, 940, 962,
1005, 1011, 1025.
Charles City County, Va., 1025, 1068.
Charles Fort, Va., 490-492, 503, 583, 660,
751, 795.
Charles Hundred, Va., 873, 933.
Charles River, Mass., 1025.
Charlestown, Mass., 483.
Charters, or Letters Patents, for discov-
ery, etc., 2, 3, 8, 9, 12-14, 20 ; first
Virginia, v, vi, vii, 32, 46-63, 65, 88,
102, 113, 192, 207, 208, 229, 230, 234-
236, 407, 689-690, 731-733, 775, 779,
1026, 1055 ; second Virginia, or first
special to the London Company of Vir-
ginia, vii, viii, 199, 200, 20;5-237, 239,
261, etc., 272, 273, 309, 316, 332, 376-
381, 407, 623, 624, 689, 690, 731-733,
775, 779, 802, 1026 ; third Virginia, or
second special to the London Company
of Virginia, vii, viii, 538, 540-553, 599,
624, 625, 045, 689, 690, 731-733, 779,
796, 802, 1026 ; patent asked for by Lord
ArundeU of Wardour, 198, 244; East
India Compauv, 25, 310, 1026; New-
foundland Company, 390, 391, 1026;
North West Passage Company, 573,
574, 1026 ; Russia, or Muscovy Com-
pany, 3, 609, 610, 1026 ; Irish Company,
611, 1026; Harcourt, or Guiana Com-
pany, 657, 1026 ; Bermudas, or Somers
Islands Company, 748, 755, 770, 771,
1026; preparing a new Charter, 993;
Dutch Charters. 680, 745, 746 ; French
Charters, 40. 534, 713, 717. See New
England, and Petitions.
Charts (see Maps), 151, 184^190, 324, 521,
83S.
Chatfield, James, 216.
Chatterton. See Chaderton.
Chaucer, Geoffrey, poet, 8S1.
Cheeke, or Cheke, Sir Hatton, 212, 853;
Henry, 8."'>3 ; Sir John, 8.50, 851, 8.53;
Mary, 850, 851 ; Peter, 850 ; Sir Thom-
as, 797, 853, 979, 980, 982.
Chemesford (Chelmsford), 114.
Cheney, John, 814,
Chening, Robert, yeoman, 228.
Cherry, Elizabeth, 854 ; Frances, 854,
948; Sir Francis (Huguenot), 26, 853,
854, 948; Margaret, 854; Rebecca,
854.
Cherry Island, 26, 76, 609, 859, 883, 988,
1013.
Chesapeake Bay, 18, 19, 26, 27, 81, 189,
458, 583, 651, 815, 947, 948, 957, 967,
971, 976, 10.58; Chesepian Bay, 896;
Chesapioc Bay, 156, 15S, 403; Chese-
piock Bay, clviii ; Chessiopiock, 341,
567 ; " Bay of Virginia," 514, 515, 517,
519; "Our Bay," 489, 493, ,508, 641,
644, 1008; Axacan, or Xacan, 488,
515, 517, 518, 947 ; Saint Maries, or
Santa Maria, 650. See the Maps.
Chescheak, 58.5.
Chester, Capt. , 830 ; Colonel ,
319; William, 803, 854; Sir William,
4, 825, 854.
Chicheley, Clement, 226, 854; Henry,
archbishop, 1017 ; Sir Robert, 1017.
Chichester, Capt. Arthur, 23, 854, 860,
901, 989.
Chichester, Mayor, etc., of, 547.
Child, Childe, Chiles, Alexander, 548,
854 ; Alexander, 220, 854 ; Capt. Alex-
ander, 854.
Chili, 573, 670, 671 : — Angol, Coquirabo,
Isle of Santa Maria, La Imperial, Pen-
co, Sant Jago, Villa del lago, Villarica,
670, 671.
China, 13, 27, 89, 90, 102, 146, 272, 573,
574, 859, 918, 949 ; dishes, 1013 ; Chi-
nese, 396, 873. See Cathay.
Chippenham, 384.
Chiswiek Press, 483.
Choapoke, an Indian, 585.
Christ, 276, 284, 286 ; Christendom, 264,
276, 315 ; Christian Conmionwealth,
775 ; Christianity, 673 ; Christian mind,
744 ; Christian plantation, 51, 290, 614,
615, 630, 762, 797; Christian Reli-
gion, 53, 67, 68, 74, 236, 237, 301,
339, 449, 626, 890, 985, 1027 ; Chris-
tians, 507, 671, 793, 795. See Protest-
antism.
Christian IV. of Denmark (1588-1648),
39, 854, 915, 941, 965, 985, 986.
Christiansen, Hendrick (Dutch), 816.
Christina, Queen of Sweden (1633-1654),
98(5.
Chronicles (Howes, Stow, etc.), 393, 461,
473, 474, 557, 508, 571, 748-756, 773.
Chronological list, etc., 1-28.
Chudley (or Chudleigh), Elizabeth, 897 ;
George, 804, 854 ; John, 854 ; Sir Rich-
ard, 897.
Church, Thomas, draper, 223, 468, 770,
854.
Church of England. See Protestantism.
Chute, Sir George, 545, 854 ; Sir Walter,
467, 544, 628, 630, 854, 1069.
Cinque ports, xvii, 1042, 1066.
INDEX.
1083
Cipher, Letters in (see Deciphered Let-
ters), 4. J, 88, Go 1,008.
Circular letters, 252, 253, 685, 686, 688,
TOO, 761.
Ciriza, M. Juan de (Spaniard), 100, 101,
9U0.
Cities of England, TOO, 701.
Citizens of London, 408, 409, 547, 548,
571.
City Companies of London, xvii, 220, 227,
2.J0-254, 401), Oil, 084-080, 688,761;
Records of, 254, 257, 258, 277-282,
291-293, 3U2-;310, 387-390, 442, 557,
558, 500, 501, 590-592, 686-688, 690,
691, 757. See Companies, Merchants,
Trades, etc.
City Point, Va., 1005, 1025. ^
Claiborne, or Clayborne, William, 958,
979, 1004, 1058.
Clanricard, Earl of. — Richard Bourke,
or de Burgh.
Clapboard, 107, 202, 317, 385, 425, 470,
789 ; clapboard men, 470.
Clapham, f)23.
Clapham, John, gent.. 222, 854.
Clare. Earl of. — John Holies.
Clarendon, Edward, Lord, 923.
Clarke, Capt. , 213, 854; Capt. John,
14; Capt. John, pilot, 507, 516-523,
527, 533, 554, 003. 007, 022, 035, 0-52,
657-659, 663, 738, 854, 855, 888 ; Roger,
818.
Classes of emigrants wanted, 248, 353,
355, 356, 439, 445, 469, 470, 549, 550,
799.
Clauday, WiUiam, 221.
Clayborne. See Claiborne.
Claxton, Thomas, merchant-tailor, .305.
Cleave, or Clive, Sir Christopher, 212,
855.
Clemens, Jeremiah, 105.
Clene, or Cline, Richard, goldsmith, 228.
Clerke, Edward, Esq., 942; Margery,
997 ; Robert, stationer, 7S0, 781 ;
Thomas, 997.
Clerks of Virginia Companies, vii, viii,
72.
Cletheroe, or Clitheroe, Sir Christopher,
ironmonger, 220, 468, 770, 855, 1015,
1059 ; Henry, 855.
Cleveland, Duke of, 1036.
Clifford, Lady Anne, 855, 920, 988, 989 ;
Francis, Earl of Cumberland, 1045 ;
George, Earl of Cumberland, 18, 22,
24, 844, 855, 920, 937, 951, 970, 988,
989, 992, 104:3, 1061, Port., 261 ; Lord,
948; Lady Margaret, 1045; Sir Nich-
olas, 882. See Russell-Clifford.
Clifton, Sir Gervase, 979.
Climate of Virginia, 175, 238, 265, 268,
289, 313, 351, 395, 455, 481, 482, 502,
507, 775,776,794; air, 113, 20.5, 502,
584 ; cold, 648 ; fall (see Harvest) ; frost,
175; harvest, 401, 493, 584,018; light-
ning, 499 ; rain, 499, 584 ; snow, 175 ;
spring, 584 ; storms, 150 ; summer, 584.
640; thunder, 499; tradewind, 32;
wind, 330, 343, 429, 489 ; winter, 395,
481, 534, 584, 586. See Tempest.
Clinton, Edward, Earl of Lincoln, 4, 855,
1002, 1045,1040; Elizabeth, 850 ; Lady
Frances, 903 ; Henry, Earl of Lincoln,
147, 209, 855.
Clitheroe. See Cletheroe.
Clobery, Wilham, 1004.
Clopton, Joyce, 843 ; William, 843.
Cloth, 38, 115, 129, 152, 271, 272. See
Gardiner's " History of England," vol.
ii., pp. 385-390 ; and Drapers and Mer-
chant Tailors, in this Index.
Clothworkers' Company, of London, 226,
250, 277-279, 291, 812, 825, 827, 858,
893, 898, 915, 918, 922, 958, 961, 988,
991, 1021, 1023, 1020, 1043,1044,1053.
Cobham, Ann, Lady, 833.
Cobham, Lord. — Henry Brooke.
Cockayne, Sir William, 574, 856.
Cockington, 128.
Cockin's, Mr. , 834. See Cokaine.
Cocks, Coxe, Cocke, Cox, Richard grocer,
216, 387, 389, 5.58, 591, 856 ; Robert,
grocer, 224, 257, 387, 388, 557, 590,
591, 087, 856.
Codd, William, 990.
Codfish, 317, 395, 433, 482, 641, 684,
1053.
Codrington, Christopher, 850 ; Simon, the
elder, 850 ; Simon, 774, 803, 856.
Coitmore, Rowland, 228, 856 ; his widow
and children, 856.
Cokaine (see Cockayne), Thomas, 817.
Coke, Sir Edward, author, etc., vii, 677,
818-820, 828, 851, 856, 802, 994, P(yrt.,
491 ; Sec'y Sir John, 978 ; Capt. John,
213, 856.
Coke, or Cooke, Sir William, 211, 856.
" Colaque " (Coles ?), Edward, 744.
Cole, Mr. , stationer, 293 ; Richard,
fishmonger, 282 ; Thomas, 905 ; Thom-
asine, 905 ; WUliam, merchant tailor,
.305.
Colepeper. See Culpeper.
Coligny (Huguenot), 4, 5, 17.
Collam, Philip, merchant-tailor, 304.
College in Virginia, 823, 879, 890, 1005,
1031, 1058.
CoUes, Mrs. Anne. 992.
Collet, Hester, 819; .John, 890; Peter,
819; Stephen, fishmonger, 282.
Collins (Arthur), Peerage, 847, 850, 910,
964.
Collins, Constantine, 136; Henry, 218,
850 ; Richard, stationer, 292.
CoUymore. See Cullimore.
Coloma, Don Carlos (Spaniard), 900.
Colonies, V, xiv, 1-3, 5, 7-28, 32, 37-40,
42, 44, 45, 64, 795, 972, 1009, 1010,
1013, 1020, 1041. See Bermudas, New
England, Virginia, etc.
Colston, Alice, 827 ; Ralphe, 827.
1084
INDEX.
Colthnrst, Henry, grocer, 225, 856, 857 ;
Thomas, 804, 857.
Columbo (see Coloma), Spanish ambassar
dor in England.
Columbus, Christopher, discoverer, 26.3,
368, 566, 693, 838, 857, 957.
Comber, Mr. , 442 ; his wife, 442.
Comet, or " Blazing Starre," 152, 910.
Comfort: Cape Comfort, 157, 229, 394,
401, 415, xlvi ; Comfort, 158, 207, 229,
414, 640-642, 644, 600 ; Point Comfort,
157, 207, 229, 335. 404, 407, 481, 489,
503, 505, 507, 515, 519, 855. See the
Maps.
Commerce. See Trade.
" Commission for the better effecting, or
carrying out, the ideas of the charters
for planting English colonies in Vir-
ginia," July 15, 1624 (p. 1027). For
the commission, see Hazard's Hist.
Collections, vol. i., pp. 183-188. For
sketches of most of those named, see
the Brief Biographies, pp. 811-1070.
M. Abbott, A. Abdy, S. Argall, R.
Bateman, R. Bell, M. Bond, N. Butler,
J. Ctesar, G. Calvert, J. Campbell, A.
Cartwright, P. Carey, A. Chichester,
E. Conway, T. Coventrv, E. Diehfield,
J. Dyke, T. Edmondes, R. Edwards, T.
Fanshawe, R. Freeman, T. Gibbes, F.
Gofton, F. Gorges, W. HackwiU, H.
Hansford, (M. Hawes). R. Heath, B.
Hicks, (P. Jemiayne), E and R. John-
son, R. Killigrew, N. Leate, H. May,
H. and J. Mildmay, G. Mole, C. and
H. Montague, R. Morer, W. Paget, E.
Pallavacine, W. Palmer, J. Pory, N.
Rich, Thomas Smith, T. StiJes, J. Suck-
ling, the elder, M. Suteliffe, R. Wes-
ton, (Rev. F. White), G. Wilmer, J.
Wolstenholme, S Wrote, and T. Wroth.
N. B. The three names in ( ) are not
found in this work ; they became mem-
bers of the Va. Co. probably after 1616.
Commission for tobacco. See under To-
bacco.
■Commissioners for dividing the lands, 273,
274, 777, 778.
'Commissions, 85, 336, 343, 345, 350, 375-
384, 407, 417, 435, 490, 491, 557, 573,
709, 731, 773, 798, 801, 1055.
Committees, Directors, or "Merchant
Board" of the Va. Co., viii, 488, 490,
493, 494, 652, 6.59, 661. See Canning,
Caswell, Darnelly, Diehfield, Gore,
Keightley, Morer, W. Palmer, George
Smith, Wheatley, and others.
Commodities of Virginia, 39, 79, 89, 113,
205, 238, 322, 348, 349, 363, 384, 395,
396, 410, 425, 482, 493, 494, 502, 504-
506, 564, 587, 623, 655, 666, 691, 693,
783, 798, 800, 801, 1026; anniseed,
107; bayberries, 384; bay salt, 800;
barrels, 520; beaver cods, and beaver
skins, 385 ; Brazil wood, 146 ; cavearie,
386, 425, 783 ; ehechinkamyne oU. 385 ;
chesnut oU, 3S5 ; cider, 237 ; cinnamon,
146, 155 ; cochineal, 146, 205, 271 :
colors (dyes), 313 ; coral, 395 ; cord-
age, 37, 340, 349, 564 ; cotton wool,
154 ; dealboards, 208, 425 ; deerskins,
199, 396, 520; drugs, 314, 317, 395,
800; dyes, 205, 239, 317, 349, 395;
dye-wood, 265 ; flour, 800 ; furs, 25,
265, 317, 395, 425, 493, 769 ; ginger,
975; gums, 107, 108, 162, 317, 642;
hay, 492 ; hides, 975 ; honey, 800 ; isin-
glass, 386 ; kerned salt, 644 ; lignum
vitae, 824 ; mace, 146 ; meal, 800 ; mid-
ding tobacco, 772 ; muske, 585 ; oat-
meal, 409, 800; oils, 313, 317, 385;
otter skins, 385 ; peltry, 395 ; pine tim-
ber, 564 ; planks, 265, 767 ; poccone,
385 ; potashes, 783 ; rosin, 37, 110, 265,
398 ; sable martin skins, 895 ; sarsapa-
rilla, 385 ; shells, 1032 ; skins, 317,
585; sugarcane, 353; sweet oil, 317;
train oil, 677, 769 ; turpentine, 265,
268, 385 ; venison, 86, 163, 425, 485,
486 ; vinegar, 268 ; vintage, 410 ; wain-
scot, 205, 268, 425 ; walnut oil, 385 ;
wildcat skins, .585 ; wild honey, 800 ;
wool (none), 38, 271. See City Com-
panies of London, Clapboards, Cloth,
Duties for Trading, Fish, Flora, Masts,
Minerals, Pitch, Roots, Salt, Sassafras,
Ships, Silk, Soap-ashes, Tar, Timber,
Tobacco, and Woods.
Comock (see Camack), Capt. Thomas.
213, 857.
Companies : Armourers, 227, 353, 470,
858, 887 ; Bakers, 248, 470, 799, 846 ;
Barbers - Surgeons, 227, 858; Basket
makers, 227, 470, 858 ; Bowyers, 227,
8.58 ; Bricklayers (see Tylers) ; Brown
bakers, 227, 858 ; Butchers, 227, 8-58 ;
Cooks, 227, 799, 858; Curriers, 227,
8.58 ; Cutlers, 226, 470, 823, 858, 931 ;
Dyers, 226, 858 ; Elbing or Eastland,
859; EngHsh West India, 876, 986;
Fletchers, 227, 858; Founders, 227,
858; Fruiterers, 227, 858; Girdlers,
227, 858 ; Glaziers, 203, 227, 858 ; Hud-
son's Bay, 818 ; Imbroyderers, 227,
858 ; Innholders, 227, 858, 1023 ; Join-
ers, 227, 353, 799, 858 ; Leather-sellers,
226, 858, 931 ; Masons, 203, 227, 470,
858 ; Merchant Adventurers, 859, 1026 ;
Musicians, 227, 858 ; Paint-stainers, 227,
858 ; Pewterers, 22(5, 858 ; Plaisterers,
227, 858 ; Plumbers, 227, 858 ; Poul-
terers, 227, 858 ; Sadlers, 227, 470, 858 ;
Scriveners, 227, 858; Tallow Chan-
dlers, 227, 846, 859, 930 ; Tylers and
Bricklayers, 227,356,469,859; Uphol-
sters, 227, 470, 859; Waxchandlers,
226, 859; Weavers, 227, 248, 859;
White bakers, 226, 859 ; Woodmongers,
227, 859 ; Woolmen, 227, 859. See Af-
rican or Guinea, Apothecaries, Berniu-
INDEX.
1085
das, Blacksmiths, Brewers, Carpenters,
Clothworkers, Coopers, Drapei-s, E;ust
India, Fisbniong-ers, French, Gardiners,
Goldsmiths, Grocere, Guiana, Guinea
(see Africa), Haberdashei's, Iiish, Iron-
mongers, Massachusetts, Mercers, Mer-
chant Tailors, Muscovy or Russia, New
England, Newfoundland, Northwest
Passage, Russia or Muscovy, Salters,
Shipwrights, Shoemakers, Skinners,
Somers Islands or Bermudas, Stationers,
Trinity House, Turkey or Levant, Turn-
ers, Vintners, and Virginia, North and
South. See, also. Emigrants, Mer-
chants, City Companies of London,
Trades, etc.
Complaint in Chancery, 623-6.31.
Complaint against the French, 757, 758.
Complaints (of John Smith, of the French
and Spaniards). 200-204, 676,670, 72."),
730, 733, 742, 757. See Capt. J. Smith,
France, and Spain.
Compton. Spencer, 860 ; William, 548,
860 ; William Lord, 200, 860, 1021,
Conde, Prince of (Huguenot), 6, 845, 918.
Congress, Library of, at Washington, D.
C, X, 79, 242, 323, 360, 558, 600, 612,
874, 890, 934, 935, 1008, 1016, 1042,
1062, 1063.
Coningsby, Conishie, Connyngshy, Cun-
nyngsby, Elizabeth, 827 ; Sir Hum-
phrey, 827 ; Humphrey, Esq., 860 ; Sir
Thomas, 544, 860 ; Sir Thomas, .544,
629, 630.
Connecticut, 906, 954.
Connock, Richard, Esq., 546, 860, 1069.
Conryo, or Conrv, Don Fray Florencio,
Irish author, etc., 3 tO, 860.
Constable, Sir John, N. Fid. Co., 390, 919.
Constantino the Great, 2()1, 286.
Constantinople (see Turkey), 970, 985,
9S6.
Contractation House at Seville, 133-139,
926.
Convers, John. 10.59.
Conway, Sir Edward, 210, 232, 3S4, 447,
466, 843, 860, 861, 901, 914,1031, 1036,
1048 ; Sir Edward, 803, 861 ; Edwin,
892 ; Sir John, 860 ; Lady, 861 ; Mary,
1031, 1032; Capt. Thomas, Esq., 546,
861 ; Capt. Thomas, 213, 861 ; the Con-
ways of Virginia, 087.
Cooke, Anne, 810 ; Sir Anthony, 819,
848, 851; Edward, .548; James Her-
bert, F. S. A., 1006; John, author,
750 ; Mildred, 849, 851 ; Robert, 135 ;
Mr. , stationer, 293. See Coke.
Cooper, Sir Anthony Ashley, 817 ; Chris-
topher, 18, 20 ; Sir John, 817 ; John,
220, 861 ; Matthew, 228, 861 ; Richard,
221, 861 ; Sir Richard, 545, 862; Rob-
ert, 220, 862.
Coopers for Virginia, 248, .353. 356, 439,
445, 470 ; Coopers' Company, 227, 8-58.
Cope, Sir Anthony, the elder, 862 ; Sir
Anthony, 89, 210, 851, 862; Edward,
862; Isabella, 862, 979; Lady, 112;
Sir Walter, 66, 89, 92, 111, 113, 114,
173, 179, 205, 211, 232, 318, 320, 337,
384, 38S, 300, 465, 406, 477, 655, 656,
748, 882, 979.
Cope Castle, now Holland House, 179,
862, 970.
Copland, Rev. Patrick, 973.
Copper, 30, 31, 58, 105, 130, 160, 185,
268, 317, 340, 349, 363, 395, 481, 485,
486, 488, Ml ; coyne, 426 ; crown, 396 ;
jewels, 153 ; mines, 185, 395, 1020 ;
pieces, 178 ; vescsls, 396.
Coppin, Sir George, 93, 211, 232, 427,
465, 46(), 862 ; Robert, 219, 862.
Corbet, Rev. Richard, poet, 1025.
Corbin, George, 996.
Cordage, 37, 340, 349, 564 ; makers, 470.
Cordell, Thomas, 469, 547, 862; Wil-
liam, 862.
Cording, James, merchant-tailor, 305.
Cordoba, or Cordova, Don Luis de (Span-
iard), 683, 862.
Cordwayners. See Shoemakers.
Corea, or Coray, 574, 949.
Cook and OiTery, Earl of, 844, 890.
Corn in Virginia, 83, 165, 168, 176, 202,
203, 289, 314, 403, 409, 425, 481, 482,
485-487, 490, 492, 493, 497, 498, 502,
504-50(), 587, 618, 640, 643, 644, 655,
762, 776, 797, 800, 873; fields, 160.
See Maize, 158, 395, 521, 648, 660, 800.
Cornelius, Father, 816.
Cornelius, John. 217, 836, 862, 863.
Corner, K., 115.
Cornewallis, Cornwallis, Sir Charles, au-
thor and diplomat, 98, 101, 863, 864,
1025 ; Frederick, 863 ; Lord, 863 ; Sir
Thomas, 863 ; Thomas of Maryland,
863; Sir William, the elder (i73 ?),
176, 863, 874, 948; Sir William, the
younger, poet (176?), 544, 628, 630,
863.
Corney, Bolton, 323.
Cornwall, 138.
Corporate towns, or Corporations, 464,
542, 547.
Coryate, or Coryatt, Rev. George, 863 ;
Thomas, author, etc., 781, 782, 785,
863, 864, 866. 924, 1025.
Cosa, or Coosa, Juan de la (Spaniard), 8.38.
Cotes, Richard, 11)57.
Cottington, Charles, Esq., 865 ; Sir Fran-
cis, diplomat, 472, 509, 864, 865. Port..
271 ; Philip, 864.
Cotton, Alleine, 468, 770, 865 ; Edward,
304; Sir Robert, author, etc., 803, 804,
864, 8tS5, 899, 941, 949, 951, 970, Port,
281 ; Sir Rowland, 212, 865 ; Thomas,
865 ; William, 865 ; Mr. , station-
er, 293.
Cotton Manuscript, 730.
Cough (Cuff ?), Mr. , 980.
Councils : English Privy Council, — see
1086
INDEX.
Privy Council. His Majesties Council
for Virginia (34'' to 45° N. Lat.) — see
under Virginia, the land of. His Maj-
esties Council for the London Company
of Virginia — see under Virginia, the
London Company of. His Majesties
Council for the New England — see
under New England. The Council in
the First Colony of Virginia — see under
Virginia, the First, or Southern, Col-
ony. The Council in the Second Colony
of Virginia — see under New England,
or North Virginia. See, also, Spanish
Councils, and the States General of the
United States of Holland, etc.
Countesses, 542.
Court and Society from Elizabeth to
Anne, 1004.
Courtenay, Courtnay, Edward, 903 ; Mar-
garet, 919; Capt. William, 212; Sir
William, 919.
Courts of Va. Co., viii, ix, 549, 550.
Covell, Francis, 215, 468, 865 ; Margery,
865 ; Thomas, 770, 865, 866, 982.
Coventry, Elizabeth, 910 ; Sir Thomas,
467, 546, 828, 837, auto., 866, 910, 998,
Port, 291.
Covert, Sir Walter, .545, 866.
Cowes, England, 403, 413, 474, 481.
Cowper (see Cooper), Amynadab, 305 ;
Edward, 1005.
Cox. See Cocks.
Coyse, Roger, Esq., 866; WiUiam, 215,
467, 866.
Coyssard, Michael (French), 707.
Cradock, Lieut. , 782.
Craf ord, Edward, 919 ; Sir WiUiam, 919.
Craig, Alexander, poet, 1026.
Crakenthorpe, Rev. Richard, author, 255,
258, 866.
Cranborne, Viscount. — Robert and WU-
liam Cecil.
Crane, Jane, 888 ; Martin, fishmonger,
281 ; Richard, 888.
Cranfield, Sir Lionel, poet, etc., 496, 546,
770, 796, 844, 864, 866, 867, 875, 893,
942, 965, 994, 1063, 1069, Port, 301 ;
Martha, 844 ; Martha, 1063 ; Thomas,
866 ; , 950.
Cranmer, Anne, 912 ; George, 992 ; Rob-
ert, 912 ; Archbishop Thomas, martyr,
637, 992 ; William, 833, 992.
Crashaw, Ralegh, 218, auto., 867; Rich-
ard, poet, 867 ; Rev. William, author,
214, .360-374, 4.56, 467, 497, 583, 597,
Oil, 612, 617, 620, 621, 835, 867, 888,
1030 ; " William Crawshaw, an Indian,
baptised," 1034.
Craven, William, Earl of, 867 ; Sir Wil-
liam, 467, 543, 827, 867, 1052.
Creeks. See Rivers.
Cresuelo, Father (Spaniard), 260.
Creswell, Robert, 804, 867.
Crew, Anthony, 216,867; Sir Randolph,
692, 694, 695, 867.
Crichton (Creighton), Jesuit, 1039.
Crisp, Ellis, 390, 867 ; Sir Nicholas, 867,
1004.
Crito, Guillaume (French), 724.
Croft, Sir Herbert, author, 93, 211, 867 ;
Rev. Dr. Herbert, 868 ; Sir James, 867,
868.
Croftes, Lieut. , 16, 868.
Cromwell, Elizabeth, 868 ; Frances, 868 ;
Frances, 981 ; Sir Heiury, 826, 868 ;
Henrv, 220, 868; Henrv, Esq., 467,
546, 868 ; Joan, 826, 868 ; Sir Oliver,
93, 210, 232, 467, 803, 868, 869, 952 ;
Oliver, the Protector, 813, 826, 865,
868, 869, 892, 981, 989, 998, 1053 ; Rob-
ert, 868; Thomas, Earl of Essex, be-
headed in 1540, 868; "The Crom-
wells," 1017.
Crosley, or Crosby, Stephen, fishmonger,
281; William, merchant - tailor, 216,
304, 869.
Cross set up, 158, 164, 403, 536, 703, 718.
Crosse, Capt. Robert, 16, 869.
Crouch, Giles, 824, 929 ; Jane, 824, 929 ;
Sarah 929.
Crowe. John, gent., 467, 547, 869 ; Wil-
liam, 804, 869.
Cruxtone, Martha, 984.
Cuba, 23, 128, 139, 198, 452, 510, 607,
647, 672, 947.
Cullimore, Collimore, CoUvmore, Abra-
ham, 804, 869 ; James, 804, 869 ; John,
869.
Culpeper, Colepepper, Alexander of Wig-
sell, 990, 997; Elizabeth, authoress,
869; Sir Edward, 545, 869; Frances,
963; John, Esq., 467, 546, 869, 982;
John, gent., 218; Martin, 995; Mercy,
995 ; Thomas, Lord, 809 ; Sir Thomas,
1004; Thomas, of Wigsell, Esq., 218,
869 ; Thomas, merchant-tailor, 305 ;
William, 869.
Culverwell, Rev. Ezekiel, 1050 ; Judith,
1017, 1050; Nicholas, 1050; Richard,
1017; Rev. Samuel, 1050; Miss ,
1050.
Cumberland, Countesse of, 654 ; Earl of,
6.55.
Cumberland, Countesse of. — Margaret
Russell.
Cumberland, Earl of. See George Clif-
ford.
Cunega. See Zuiiiga.
Cunningsby. See Coningsby.
Curiosities of American Literature, 596,
780.
Current: Ocean Current, Gulf Stream,
32, 330, 34:^, 346, 354, 394, 432, 439,
456, 518, 709.
Currv, Hon. J. L. M., LL. D., xvi, 43.
Customs, 41, 234, 235, 307, 771, 801.
Custis, Ann, 1065 ; John, 1065 ; John,
888 ; John Parke, 888 ; Mary, 888.
Cutler, John, 869 ; Thomas, 869 ; Thomas.
225, 869.
INDEX.
1087
Cntts, or Coutts. Sir John, the elder, 865 ;
Sir John, 4tJ7, 54o ; Sir John, the
younger, G'2S, G30, 865 ; Sir John
(which ?), 803.
Cypress (wood), 87, 157, 162, 164, 106,
587.
Cyril-Lucar, the Patriarch of Constantino-
ple (1572-1638), 986.
Dabney, Dawbeney, Clement, 804, 869;
Henry, 215, 869 ; Oliver, 2, 869.
Dacre, Mary, 928 ; Thomas Lord, 928.
See Lemiard.
Dade, John, merchant-tailor, 304.
Dale. Dorothy, 958; " Ladv Dale," 452,
801. 870-872, 998, 1031; Mary (Dale,
or Date), reformer, 942 ; Mary, 984 ;
Robert, 874 ; Roger, 874 ; Sir Thomas,
governor of Virginia, etc , v, 445-449,
452-454, 461-103, 406, 474, 480, 481,
488, 489, 494, 497, 498, 501-508, 520,
526, 528, 529, 532, 533, (538), 544, 549,
569, 614, 639-641, 660, 680, 689, 710,
717, 720, 724, 730-732, 735-737, 741-
744, 747, 750, 751, 778, 782-7.^4, 7S9,
790, 797, 816, 828. 855, 861, 869-874,
auto., 874, 888, 894, 906, 913, 917, 961,
904, 908, 973, 998, 1031, 1050, 1005 ;
Sir Thomas' brother, 871 ; William,
grocer, 387. SS\), 591, 686, 687, 874;
William, of Bristol, 984.
Dale's Gift, Va., 782. _
Dalton, Sir Thomas, 853.
Danby, Henry, 215.
Dandridge, Martha, 888.
Daniel, Margaret, 953 ; Ralph, 953 ; Rich-
ard, merchant-tailor, 305 ; Samuel, poet,
etc., 912; ''the Daniels of Virginia,"
987.
Danvers, Davers, Anne, 982 ; Sir John, the
elder, vS74; Sir John, 460, 790, 830,
874, 944, 982, 985, 1042, 1069, Port.,
311.
Dare. See Dayre.
Darkest hour, the, 578, 638, 639, 775,
776.
Darnley, Daniel, 469, 548, 874.
Darnley, Lord, 930.
Darrell, John, 1033; Sir Marmaduke,
467, 544,874; Mary, 1033; Mr. ,
982.
Dartmouth, England, 128, 205, 327, 358.
Daston, Mrs. Anne, 992.
Daunee, , 920.
Dausey, Rowley, 804, 874.
Davers. See Danvers.
Davies, Davis, Davys, Capt. , 19.3,
197, 329 ; Master , 193, 329 ; Capt.
James, 102, 141, 144, 145, 178, 179,
192, 197, 401, 404, 490, 491, 508, 517,
521, 576, 874, 1012; Capt. John, au-
thor, etc., 12, 13, 139, 672, 825, 874,
875,929,9.34, 991, 1032 ('• Streights "
named for him, 009) ; John, of Here-
ford, poet and writing-master, 804 ;
Sir John, poet and attorney-general for
Ireland. 212, 875, 945 ; John, 222, !>04,
874; Robert, 1012; Master Robert,
102, 140, 141. 144, 192, 193,5.57, 1012;
Sir Thomas, .*^75. See Dawes.
Davi.son, Mr. Christopher, 1042 ; Secre-
tary, .S!i5.
Dawber, Edmund, 895, 896.
Dawes, Abraham, gent., 225, 468, 770,
875 ; Lancelot, gent., 228, 374, 875. See
Davies.
Dawkes, Henry, 218, 875.
Dawson, Edmund, 942 ; Frances, 942 ;
Robert, merchant-tailor, 3iJ5 ; Thomas,
stationer, 748 ; Mr. , stationer, 292.
Day, Benjamin, fishmonger, 282 ; Mr.
William, fishmonger, 281.
Dayre, Dare, Ananias, 18-20; Elyoner,
19 ; Virginia, the fii-st Virginian, 19.
Dean, Deaue, George, 875 ; Jane, 950;
Gen Richard, 875 ; Sir Richard, 216,
875, 95J.
Deane, Mr. Charles, LL.D., xvi, 114, 170,
181,182, 190-194, 238, 596, 780; his
library, 181, 600, 740.
De Bry, 1051.
Deciphered Letters, etc, 45, 88, 97, 104,
110, 116, 118, 123, 140, 147, 172, 180,
196-198, 243, 254, 258, 310, 324, 332,
418, 442, 455, 525, 537, 554, 560, 572,
593, 631, 051, 057, 658, 663, 737, 759.
Declarations, 427, 428, 761-768 ; Briefe,
49, 774-779; True and Sincere, 337-
353 ;^of March, 1614, 684, 685, 687,
690, 761-705 ; of Independence, 17.
Decker, Dekker, Thomas, poet, 997, 1013.
DeCosta, Rev. B. F., xvii, 141, 238.
Deerowe, Docwra, Dickerie, Benjamin,
54^, 875.
Dedications, 242, 279, 284, 295, 323, 374,
419, 530, 5.58, 576, 601, 612, 621, 657,
707, 746, 748, 781, 782.
Dee, Dr. John, author, etc., 9, 10, 12, 13,
874, 875, 876, 879, 897, 908, 1041,
Port., 321.
Deer, 162-104, 265, 314, 395, 408, 585 ;
skins, 199, 390, 520. See Venison.
Delaun, Abraham, 870 ; Gideon (Hugue-
not), 771,876; Judith, 870; Dr. Wil-
liam, 876.
De La Warr, Lord (1531), 1031 ; the
present Earl, 496, 772, 1047 ; Lord (see
Henry and Thomas West).
De la Warr Bay, 327, 438,401, 641, 1048 ;
River, 745, 877. See Ships.
Delbridge, John, 548, 770, 803, auto., 876,
91)2.
Demagogues, 271.
Demetrius, the Pretender, acting Czar of
Russia, June, 1605, to May, 1000, 1012.
Denman, Richard, grocer, 557, 590, 687.
Denmark, 26. 39, 203, 1024, 1027. See
Christian IV., and Frederick II.
Dennis, Anne, 876 ; Margaret, 870 ; Sir
Thomas, 876 ; Sir Thomas, 210, 876.
1088
INDEX.
Denny, Edward, Lord, 542, 851, 876, 918 ;
Edmund, 1041 ; Honora, 918 ; Joyce,
1U41.
Dent, John, 840.
Denton, Alexander, Esq., 876 ; Sir
Thomas, 466, 544, 802, 876.
Deptford, 2, 32, 1014.
Deputy-Treasurer of the Virginia Com-
pany, viii, 233. See R. Johnson, J.
and N. Ferrar ; recommended for, by
James I. (p. 1027) : Abdy, Bateman,
Leate, Offley, and Stiles.
Dequester, Matthew, 220, 468, 876.
Derby, Earl of, 944, 1038.
Dernier, Master (Thomas), 770, 877, 1004.
Dernley. See Daniel Darnley.
Derricke (a Dutchman), 27.
Derry, London Derry, Ireland, 325, 611.
Descriptions of Virginia, 16, 45, 110, 169,
175, 189, 264, 265, 279, 289, 313, 314,
317, 562-.568, 576, .583-588, 597, 601,
648, 650-652, 775, 779, 781, 782, 790.
Desmond, Earl of, 843, 976.
De Thou, French historian, 970.
De Vere, Prof. M. Scheie, LL. D., xvi,
43, 44, 475, 524, 733.
De Vere. See Vere.
D'Evereux, Dorothy, 965 ; Elizabeth,
1063; Penelope, 979, 1002, 1045, 1046;
Robert, Earl of Essex, author, etc., 24,
25, 819, 820, 832, 834, 835, 843, 844,
850, 852, 856, 861, 869, 875, 877, 880,
882, 884, 894, 896-899, 902, 917, 921,
928, 932, 941, 944, 948, 951, 954, 955,
960, 961, 965, 968, 969, 972, 979, 991,
997, 1000, 1012, 1018, 1029, 1037. 1041,
1045, 1046, 1048, 1061, 1062; Robert
(Jr.), Earl of Essex, 928, 948; Walter,
Earl of Essex, 877, 881, 882, 1063.
Devil, the, 153, 169, 366, 396, 499, 517,
578, 585, 612.
Devils, the Land of, 681, 753. See Ber-
mudas.
Devonshire, Earl of. — William Caven-
dish.
Dewes, Gerald, 852.
D'Ewes' Journal, 1011.
Dewhurst, Capt. , 213.
Dexter, Capt. (Ralph), 213, 877.
Dichfield, Ditchfield, Edward, 220, 468,
770, 877, 982 ; Richard, 804, 877 ; Sara,
877.
Dictionary of National Biography, 811,
889.
Digby, a shipwright, 192, 197.
Digby, Sir George, 877 ; Sir John, Earl
of Bristol, diplomat, 212, 387, 509, 522,
524, 530, 536, 539, 556, 561, 577, 588,
590, 592, 593, 602, 606, 609, 632, 634-
636, 656-658, 660, 662, (567-669, 683,
697, 820, 849, 850, 8()4, 877, 878, 901,
951, 1023, 1068, Port., 331 ; Sir Kenelm,
1004 ; Lady, 697.
Digges, Sir Dudley, author, diplomat,
etc., 212, 232, 384, 388, 466, 540, 546,
558, 564, 574, 594, 748, 766, 767, 770,
803, 840, 878, 879, 880, 895, 960, 990,
991, 993, 1014, 1032, Port., 341 ; Ed-
ward, 879 ; John, Esq., son of Sir Dud-
ley, 546, 878, 879 ; Leonard, poet, 880 ;
Margaret, 880, 960 ; Sir Maurice, 879 ;
Thomas, author, etc., 21, 878, 879, 880,
960, 990 ; Thomas, son of Sir Dudley,
546, 878, 879.
Digges, his Hundred in Virginia, 878,
933.
Digges, his Hand in the North Sea, 878.
Dighte, Mr. , stationer, 293.
Dike. See Dyke.
Dimmer. See Dernier.
Dimmock, Humfrey, 20.
Dinely, Eleanor, 884 ; Francis, 884.
Dingley, John, 218, 880.
Diplomacy, xii, 45, 46, 691.
Directors of Virginia Company. See Com-
mittees.
Discouragements of the Virginia Com-
pany, 363-367, 612, 615.
Discourses, 8, 11, 152-168, 170-172, 293-
302, 540, 564, 579-588.
Discoveries, 1-28, 37, 39, 79, 107, 110,
272, 307, 343, 344, 482, 609, 641, 644,
668, 669, 672, 693, 771, 775, 780, 839,
859, 860, 972.
Diseases, etc., of Virginia: Agues, 412,
479 ; calenture, or yellow fever, 329,
334, 342, 345 ; contagion, 456 ; cramp,
479 ; deaths at Jamestown, 167, 168 ;
diseases, 333; fevers, 167; fluxes, 167,
412, 479; gout, 479; infections, 489;
mortality in Virginia, 648, 660, 662,
1016, 1064 ; pestilence, 405 ; plague,
36, 252, 329, 939; scurvy, 479, 1059;
sicknesses of the country, 412, 617 ;
smallpox, 179 ; sunstroke (Brooke's
death by), 155 ; swellings, 167 ; yellow
fever, 329, 334, 342, 345. See Climate,
Doctors, etc.
Distress and Miseries in Virginia, 166-
168, 3.30, 332, 333, 335, 344, 392, 404,
413, 417, 418, 427, 648, 657, 660, 1055 ;
contentions, 331 ; defailment, 463 ; dis-
asters, 337, 502, 776 ; discouragements,
36.3-367, 612, 615 ; factions, 344 ; fam-
ine, 405; "farewell peale," 406; fire
at Jamestown, 175-177 ; misdoers, 551 ;
misgovernment, 617-619 ; mutinies, 152,
550 ; offences, 68 ; offenders, 70, 506 ;
rumors, 354 ; three years' disaster, 776 ;
unruly youths, 354. See Complaints,
Diseases, Government in Virginia, Na-
tives, Objections, Tempests.
Dixon, Jean (French), 702.
Dobson, Christopher, 10.53; Jane, 10-53;
Robert, merchant-tailor, 304 ; William,
Esq., 214, 467, 880.
Doctors, etc., 212, 273, .309, 356, 412, 469,
542, 545, 546 ; chirurgeons, 469, 493 ;
phy.sicians, 273, 356. 412, 469, 837;
surgeons, 353, 356, 799 (see Barbers-
INDEX.
1089
Surgeons' Company, 227, 858) ; Bathes,
153, 154, 48U, 4><:i) ; blood letting, 4T'.I ;
lemon juice, 10511 ; lemons, 480 ; raedi-
cinable earth, 042; milk, 481, lOo'J;
oranges, 480; physic, 41l!, 47'.', 481,
642 ; physical plants, 587. See Ajjoth-
ecaries, Diseases, etc. See Anthony,
Atkins, Bohuu, Ciesar Adelmare, Cham-
berlayne, Dee, Delaun, Dunn, Gerarde,
Gulstone, Harley, Hiuton or Hunton,
Hood, Kenton, Lodge, Maunsell, May-
erne, Paulett, Poe, Potts, Turner, Win-
ston, and WoodalL
Documents, evidence, etc., v-xv, 43-45,
250, 251, 255. See Table of Contents,
French, Holland, and Spanish Docu-
ments, English State Papers, Records,
Hakluyt MS., Letters, Prices, Sermons,
Unique, etc.
Documents, etc., not found, vi-xii,45, 85,
91, 90, 104, 106, 109, 114, 124, 140, 145,
151, 177-179, 183, 195-200, 240, 243,
246, 247, 320, 324, 326, 327, 333, 387,
393, 400, 402, 461, 471, 474, 495, 497,
509, 538, 539, 555, 556, 558, 571, 593,
602, 632, 634, 635, 639, 656-660, (684 ?),
689, 730, 780, 782, 861, 879.
Dodd, Henry, 1030.
Dodderidge, Sir John, author, etc., vii, 66,
89, 92, 390, 467, 543, 880.
Dominica, 128-130, 152, 346, 489, 518.
"Doiia Maria," 123.
Donation of Alexander VI., 119, 261, 366,
669, ()T3-675, 838. See Bulls.
Donne, George, 880 ; John, Jr., 922; Rev.
John, poet, etc., 237, 833, 864, 880,
882, 1)12, 922, 953, 1026.
Doomsday (Alexander's), 758.
Dorchester, Viscount. — Dudley Carle-
ton.
Dorman, Thomas, Esq., xvii, 470.
Dormer. See Dei'mer.
Dorset. Countess of, 1038.
Dorset, Earl of. — Edward, Richard, and
Thomas Sackville.
Dorset, 419.
Dorsetshire, 325.
Dover, Mayor of, 391, 547 ; town of, 277,
336, 391, 570, 706, 723, 724, 768, 769,
106(1.
Dowghtie. John, N. Fid. Co., 391.
Dowland, Robert, 1003.
Downe, Downes, Anne, 853 ; Elizabeth,
946 ; John, merchant-tailor, 305, 548,
880, 1006 ; Margery, 853 ; Robert, 853 ;
William, 946.
Downs, The, 152, 336, 537, 680.
Drake, Sir Bernard, 14, 880, 881, 10.50;
Elizabeth, 881 ; Francis, 881, 981 ; Sir
Francis, first English cireumnavigater,
etc., 6, 9, 13, 16, 17, 19, 23, 32, 477,
672, (574, 675, 792, 794. 7!»5, 8;;2, 836,
851, 880, auto., 881, SS'.i, 8! 10, SI (It, 905,
912, 915, 916, 934, 936, 943, 944, 976,
977, 981, 988, 1046, 1051, 1056, Port.,
351 ; George, 23, 881 ; Johanna, 880 ;
John of Ashe, 880 ; John of Otterton,
880; John, Esq., .54(). 803, 881, 1051;
Robert, 880 ; Capt. Thomas, 15, 881.
Drake's Library, 420, 421, 477, 746.
Draper, Edwai-d, 572 ; Sarah, 804, 881 ;
Thomas, Esq., 218, 468, 881.
Drapers' Company of London, 226, 250,
811, 824, 838,842,846, 8-54, 8.57, 865,
883, 888, 894, 975, 988, 1004, 1050,
1052.
Drausfield, Avery, grocer, 224, 468, 881.
Drayner, Elizabeth, 869.
Drayton, Michael, poet, 66, 864, 881, 912,
Port., 361.
Drew, John, Esq., 1005.
Drewry. See Drury.
Druerdent, Philip, 224, 882,
Drummond, Mrs. , 889, 1067; Wil-
liam, poet, 31, 1026.
Drucy, Drewry, Diana, 849, 882 ; Sir
Drew, 210, 882 ; Sir Drue, 997 ; Eliza-
beth, 882 ; Fi-ances, 882 ; Sir Henrv,
8S2 ; Sir Robert, 210, 232, 849, 882,
997; WiUiam, 997; Sir WUliam, 850,
997 ; Sir William, 849.
Dublin, Ireland, 420.
Duckett, Mary, 955 ; Stephen, 955.
Dudley, Ambrose, Earl of Warwick, 926,
1046 ; Anne, 9()8, 1029 ; Catherine,
1045, 104ti ; Earl, 929 ; John, Duke of
Northumberland, 104() ; John, Earl of
Northumberland, 1001 ; John, Esq.,
968, 1029 ; Mary (Sidney), 1001 ; Rob-
ert, Earl of Leicester, 4, 831, 832, 850,
860, 876, 882, 932. 944, 964, 999, 1001-
1003, 1023, 1040, 1045, 1046, ia55 ; Sir
Robert, author, etc., 23, 882, 934, 969,
Port., 371 ; Hon. Thomas, 968.
Dugdale, W^, 869, 1061.
Duke, Master Peter, 16.
" Dumbirra " (George Hume, Earl of Dun-
bar), 116.
Dunbar, Earl of. — George Hume.
Duncombe, Mr. , 694, 883.
Dunn (see Donne), Sir Daniel, 211, 390,
883, 965 ; Robert, 883 ; William, 220,
883 ; William, 224.
Duppa, Bishop (Brian), 883 ; James,
brewer, 228, 883 ; Jeffery, 88:3 ; Jeffry,
217, 468, 883 ; Lueretia. "88;3.
Durette, Durant, Philip (Huguenot), 219,
883.
Dutch. See under United States of Hol-
land and the Netherlands.
Dut«h Gap, Va., 1025.
Duties for trading to Virginia, 59, 60,
234, 235, 307, 550, l(i26.
Dye, Roger, 469, .547, 883.
Dver, Edward, poet, 16, 883; Edward,
"Esq., 546.
Dyes, 205, 239, 317, 349, 395 ; dye-wood,
265.
Dyke, Dike, John, 883 ; John, fishmonger,
281, 770 ; John, fishmonger, 225, auto.,
1090
INDEX.
883, 937, 982 ; Thomas, 883 ; Thomas,
883 ; Thomas, 468, 883.
Dyot, Anthony, Esq., 467, 546, 883 ; Rich-
ard, 803, 883.
Earle, Sir Walter, 1069.
Earnest, Count of Nassau, 848.
East India, or East Indies, 22, 25, 81, 90,
91, 97, 98, 137, 139, 147, 205, 249, 311),
313, 327, 348, 397, 667, 693, 773, 811,
822, 827, 859, 860, 873, 956, 1023, 1026,
1032, 1039, 1043, 10-53, 1858 ; Land of
Prester, John, 1044 ; Agra (Hindostan),
842, 985 ; calicoes, 735 ; Camboya,
Cambaia, Cambay, 147, 949; cloves,
205 ; coffee, 884, 949 ; East India Sea,
83 ; East India School in Virginia, 973 ;
Goa, 147 ; Hydaspes (Jhylum) River,
956 ; Malabar, 873 ; Malacca, Straits
of, 875; Malagor (Malabar?), 147;
Masulipatam, 873, 973 ; Mocha (in-Ara-
bia), 949; Moluccas, 90, 99, 693,890;
silk dresses (Chinese ?), 396 ; silks, 735 ;
Surat, 842, 863, 918, 957, 973, 985 ; Taj
Mahal, 985; tea, 1053; Ternate, 98.
See Cathay, China, Corea, Japan, Java,
Jehanghir (Great Mogul), Pacific
Ocean ; and George Berkeley, Canning,
Cavendish, Dale, Drake, Joseph, Lan-
caster, Newport, Parker, Pring, Roe,
and Benjamin Wood.
East India Company of London, 25, 64,
77, 115, 147, 232, 237, 260, 310, 326,
388, 472, 473, 574, 610, 680, 735, 766,
767, 771, 773, 859, 860. Governors of :
Sir Thomas Campbell, Sir C. Cletheroe,
Sir John Hart, Sir William Romney,
Sir Thomas Smith, and Sir John Watts ;
Deputy Governors : Morris Abbot, Wil-
liam Greenwell, and William Romney ;
Solicitor : Robert Bateman ; Treasur-
ers : Robert Chamberlain, T. Farring-
ton, and William Harrison ; Surgeon :
John Woodall ; members (see Brief
Biographies, passim).
East India Company Records, extracts
from, 115, 237, 680, 773, 1054.
Easterlings, 736.
East Greenwich, 62, 779. See Greenwich.
"East side of our Bay," 644; eastern
shore of Virginia, 896, 904, 996.
Easton (see Eston), Peter,- the pirate,
1050.
Eastward Hoe ! 29-32.
Eaton, Theophilus, 954.
Ecija, the Spanish pilot of Florida, 326.
Eden, Richard, author, 3, 839, 883, 1056.
Edgar, Eleazar, stationer, 282, 283.
Edge, Thomas, mariner, 471 ; Thomas,
merchant-tailor, 305.
Edgecombe, Piers, 21, 883; Sir Richard,
the elder, 883 ; Sir Richard, 883.
Edmondes, Edmonds, Clement, author,
etc., 1060, 1061; Isabella, 884, 104S ;
Thomas, 883 ; Sir Thomas, diplomat,
etc., 509, 603, 622, 623, 662, 677, 734,
757, 883, 884, 1048, 1067 ; Mrs. ,
1045.
Edolph, Sir Robert, 545, 884, 997.
Edward IV. of England, 1, 1054.
Edward VI. of England. See Tudor.
Edwards, Margaret, 846; Richard, 770,
846, auto., 884, 982 ; William, 884, 1014 ;
Mr, , 884.
Edwards' Life of Ralegh, 11, 21, 143,
443, 656, 899, 969, 1035.
Egerton, Hon. Mary, 937; Sir Richard,
884 ; Thomas, 884 ; Sir Thomas, author,
etc., vii, viii, 85, 120, 259, 623, 676,
679, 884, 906, 937, Port., 381.
Egerton MS., 391.
Egiock, Sir Francis, 545, 797, 834.
Egmont, Earl of, 964.
Eiatintomino (an Indian), 761., Port. ,161.
Eld, G., stationer, 604, 1042, 1061.
Eldred, John, merchant, etc., 66, 92, 215,
232, 388, 467, 574, 884, 885, 953, Port.,
391 ; Rivett, 885 ; Walter, merchant-
tailor, 304, 885, 924.
Elfrith, Capt. Daniel, 734, 759, 885, 886,
980 ; his daughter, 886 ; his son, 886.
Eliot, Elliot, Hugh, 2, 733 ; Elizabeth,
874 ; John, 197, 576 ; Sir John, the pa-
triot, 822 ; Robert, fishmonger, 282 ;
Thomas, 874 ; Sir Thomas, 954.
Elizabeth, Princess (I486), 1.
Elizabeth, Princess (died of grief 1650),
1038.
Elizabeth, Princess. See Elizabeth Stu-
art.
Elizabeth, Queen. See Tudor.
Elizabeth, Cape (N. E.), 1025; City, Va.,
867, 887, 914, 934, 956, 1025, 1034,
1043, 1047 ; Islands (N. E.), 459 ; River
(the Potomac), 1025.
Elkin, John, merchant, 215, 886; Wil-
liam, 983.
Elkington, Ann, 996.
EUesmere, Lord. — Thomas Egerton.
Elliot. See Eliot.
Ellis, Anne, 970 ; Griffyn, merchant-tail-
or, 305 ; John, grocer, 225, 886 ; Rob-
ert, 970.
Elnof, Bartholomew, merchant-tailor, 304.
Eloyse, Hanse (Dvitch), 136.
" Eivas, a Portugall gent of," 279.
Elways, Sir Gervase, 1040.
Elwyn, Thomas, merchant-tailor, .305.
Ely, Bishop of (L. Andrews), 970.
Emigrants, or Planters (" Who go there
in person," 272), 248, 249, 272, 273,
352, 353, 355, 356, 369, 370, 374, 410-
413, 439, 445, 456, 464, 469, 470, 506,
.507, 549, 550, 775, 798-800, 805 ; the
first taken to Virginia by the ships of
Sir William Russell and of the Russia
Company, 839, 859, 988; Scotch-Eng-
lish, or Scotch-Irish, 860 ; apotheca-
ries, 469, 799 ; architects, 248 ; armor-
ers, 353, 470; artificers, 41, 439, 749;
INDEX.
1091
sirtisans, 627, 715 ; arts, mechanic,
2m, oOl, ;W.J; bakers, 24S, 470, 7*.l'.>;
basket-makers, 470 ; bellows-makers,
47U ; blacksmiths, 20;], :i4S, ;]."):], r)2U ;
braziers in metal men, 470 ; brewera,
8.")3, ooC), 470; bricklayers, •i'>i}, 400;
brick-makers, 248, 3J3, ;J.')(),4(J0 ; brick-
men, 43i), 445 ; calkers, 4(J9 ; children,
249, 320 ; chirurgeons, 409, 493 ; clap-
board men, 470 ; clerks, vii, viii, 72 ;
coUar-makera, 470 ; collar-makers for
draught, 3.')3 ; colliers, 3.>3 ; colliers for
charcoal, 409 ; cordage-makers, 470 ;
cutlers, 470 ; *diggers up of roots, 203 ;
distillers of aqua vitae, 470 ; divers,
683 ; divines, 356, 690 ; doctors, 273,
356, 412, 469 ; draughtsmen, 780 ; drug-
gists, 353 ; Dutch, lOli, 113, 583 ; edge-
tool-makers, 470 ; edgetool-makers for
iron works, 469 ; engineer's, ()82 ; fowl-
ers, 353, 356, 470, 505, 799 ; furriers,
470; gardiners,. 353, 356, 445, 469,
799 ; *glassmen, 203 ; gunf ounders,
353, 356 ; gunmakers, 470 ; gunpowder-
makers, 470 ; hammermen for iron,
469 ; hempdressers, 470 ; hempplanters,
470 ; house-cai-penters, 470 ; house-
holders, 776; hunters, 248, 265, 505,
648; husbandmen, 41, 203, 445, 469,
627 ; iron-finers, 469 ; iron-founders,
469 ; iron men for f urnasse and hammer,
353, 356 ; iron miners, 469 ; joyners,
353, 799 ; laborers, 239, 469, mS, 693,
799 ; last-makers, 470 ; leather-dress-
ers, 470 ; limeburners, 469 ; masons,
203, 470 ; mat-makers, 470 ; mechan-
ics, 395 ; metal -founders, 271 ; metal-
men, 248 ; millers, 470 ; millwrights for
iron mills, 469 ; millwrights for water-
mills, 470 ; mineralmen, 239, 353, 356,
470; ministers, 273, 353, 356, 469; net-
makers, 470; officials, 272-274; *out-
casts, 520 ; pearl-drillers, 353 ; people
to exclude, 270, 271, 286, 302 ; people
to send, 271, 301 ; *people who go,
456; physicians, 273, 356, 412, 409;
pike-makers, 470 ; pitch-boylei"s, 353 ;
planters, 272 ; planters of sugar cane,
353 ; ploughmen, 799 ; ploughwrights,
353, 356, 470 ; Poles, 203, 599 ; potters
of earth, 470 ; preservers of the caveary,
353 ; press-makers, 353 ; rope-makei-s,
353 ; sadlers, 470 ; salt-makers, 353,
356, 470, 800, 801 ; saltpetremen, 470 ;
sawyers, 248, 353, 356, 4(i9; servants,
550, 759, 805, 1034 ; settlers, 549, 550 ;
ship-carpenters, 398, 469 ; shipwrights,
248, 271, 353, 355, 445. 460 ; shoemak-
ers, 248, 445, 470 ; silk-dressers, 353 ;
skilled workmen, 682 ; smiths, 355,
439, 445, 469, 799 ; soap-ashe-men, 353 ;
sparmakers, 469; spinners of pack-
thread, 470 ; spinners of wool, 2-18 ;
stockmakers for pieces, 470 ; sturgeon-
* These references are to critical sources.
curers. 492 ; sturgeon-dressers, 344, 353,
355 ; surgeons, 353, 356, 799 ; survey-
ors, 457-461, 777, 778, 780; swimmers,
683; swineherdes, 470; tailors. 470;
tanners, 445, 470; tile-makere, 353,
470 ; turners, 248, 353, 356, 470 ; up-
houlstere of feathers, 470 ; vine-dressers,
248, 353,356 ; vine-eroones, 410 ; water-
men, 4()9 ; weavers, 248 ; wheelwrights,
470 ; wives, -143, 798 ; women, 248,
329, 775, 801 ; woodcutters, 469 ; young-
est sons, 40 ; Cavaliers, 1649-1658, 990.
See Adventurers, Carpenters, Coopers,
Fishermen, Landowners, London City
Companies, Men, Sailors, Virginia Com-
pany, Workmen, etc. See, also, the
names under Virgi7iia, the Southern
Colony of.
Emmet, Dr. Thomas Addis, xvii.
Emmetenic, or Emetenic, 534, 536.
Emry, , 1007.
Encouragements, 363, 367, 368, 613, 615.
England, xiv, 4, 7, 37, 43, 45, 46, 50, 137,
147, 166, 268, 288, 289, 302, 311, 354,
358, 387, 391 (400-1070, passim), see
pp. 497, 534, 561, 573, 590, 601, 632,
640, 730, 736, 805,837,838, 1026, 1027 ;
counties of, 40; western parts of, 51,
128. See Bristol, Dartmouth, Dept-
f oi-d, Dover, Downes, Falmouth, Graves-
end, Greenwich, Hampton, Ireland,
London, Milford Haven, 0.\ford, Pem-
broke, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Sand-
wich, Scotland, Thames, Westminster,
and other places, etc., mentioned in this
Index and in the Brief Biographies,
passim.
England, The Church of. See Protestant-
ism.
England, the commerce, etc., of. See
Trades.
England, the government, etc., of. See
State.
English speaking people, v, xiv, xvii,
xviii, 5, 98, 126, 128, 251, 276 ; passim.
See pp. 4.54, 4r55, 463, 472, 515, 51(),
572, 607-609, 654, 793, 805, 838, 1027,
1037; Anglo-Saxon, 730,805.
English colonies and colonization, 5, 1.5,
17, 32, 34, 42, 251, 255, 400, 839, 859,
860, 1026 (see Councils, State, Vir-
ginia, New England, etc) ; commerce,
discoveries, etc., 251, 255, 839, 857-
860, 102(). See Companies, Councils,
Naval Affairs, Ships, Trades, etc
English. R., 774.
Ensworth. Henry, merchant-tailor, .^05.
Ephesus, Queen of, 5(53.
Epicede, An, 594, 595.
Epistles Dedicatorie, 284-286, 295, 296,
611-(i20.
Evbie. See Irby.
Erisey, Erizo, Honor, 886 ; James, 886 ;
•Capt. James, Ki, 886, 1034; Richard,
88(i.
1092
INDEX.
Erley, Elizabeth, 814 ; Richard, 814,
Erondelle (see Anindell), Peter (Hugue-
not), translator, etc., o2'2, 548, 887.
Errol, Earl of, 106ti.
Escot, Lieut. , 16.
Espeio, Antonio de (Spaniard), 977.
Esquires in the Virginia Company, 210,
214, 218, 467, 542, 543, 546, 547, 571,
574.
Essay (see Bacon), 667, 795, 799-802.
Essex, England, 576 ; Essex, Va., 187.
Essex, Earls of. See Devereux.
Essington, John, 887 ; William, 804, 887,
982.
Estmont, George, Esq., 1019.
Eston.(see Eastou), Peter, the pirate, 926.
Estwood, 576.
Etheridge, George, gent., 221, 468, 770,
887 ; Joane, 929 ; John, 929.
Etkins, Master Richard, stationer, 282,
29:3.
Eton, 180, 205.
Europe, xiv, 147, 276, 348, 463, 640, 646,
672, 994, 1023, 1027, 1032 ; Adriatick
Sea, 674 ; Almains, 607 ; Austria, 814,
1027 ; Baltic Sea, 859 ; Belgium, 986 ;
Bremen, 26 ; Brussels, 537 ; Caspian
Sea, 83, 793, 956, 1038 ; Cape Fiuister,
32 ; Esciunent, 721 ; Euxine Sea, 83 ;
Florence, 205, 271, 989; " Forraigne
Nations," 38, 39; Genoa, 825, 977;
Germany, 203, 314, 859, 1002, 1027,
1048 ; " Grecia," 1044 ; Hungary, 905,
1002 ; Larcin Islands, 721 ; Lepanto,
1024; Mediterranean Sea, 816, 859,
917, 942 ; Norway, 1050 ; Poland, 203,
268 (Poles in Virginia, 599) ; Prussia,
268 (Embden, 736, Mulheim, 978) ; Rat-
isbon, 986; Spruceland, 1050; "Sweth-
laud," 202; Turney (Tournay). 277;
White Sea, 124, 839, 859, 1012. See
Denmark, England, Flanders, France,
Ireland, Italy, Rome, Russia, Savoy,
Scotland, Spain, Turkey, United Neth-
erlands, and Venice. Under London,
see the following companies : Old Mer-
chant Adventurers, Elbing, or East-
land, Levant, or Turkey, and Muscovy,
or Ru.ssia.
Evans, Hugh, 215, 887; Richard, 216,
887 ; William, 215, 468, 887.
Eveleigh, John, Esq., 994; Margaret,
994.
Evelin, Evelyn, George, 887 ; George,
8SS; Jane, 914; Mrs. Joan, 441, 442;
John, Esq., 546, 887, 914; John, gent.,
547, 887 ; John, author, etc., SS7, !)01 ;
Mountjoy, 888 ; Rebecca, 8SS ; Rich-
ard, 441, 442, 887 ; Robert, ^<S7 ; Rob-
ert, 214, 440-442, 887, 888 ; Robert's
wife, 441, 442; Rose, 934; Thomas.
934; " V def," 623, 887.
Everard. Capt. Michael, 213, 888; Sir
Richard, S26.
Eversfield, Sir Thomas, 545, 888.
Evidence, vi-xii, 663, 691, 726, 755, 983,
1016.
Eving-ton, Francis, merchant- tailor, 303,
3U7, 888.
Ewens, Ralph, Esq., 214, 467, 888.
Ewre, Eure, Anne, 940 ; Ralph, Lord,
209, 612, 620, 856, 806, 888 ; William,
Lord, 940, 992.
" Excellent Lady," , 416.
Exeter, Earls of. See Cecil.
Exeter, Exceter, England, 23, 53, 179,
265.
Exeter's, meeting at the Earl of, 206, 850.
See picture of Burley House in Viss-
cher's drawing of London.
Exton, John, 804, 888 ; Nicholas, draper,
223, 468, 770, 888.
Eyanoco, Weroance (Indian), 185.
Factions in Virginia, 344 ; in the Virginia
Company (1619-1624), 47, 57, 64, 1027,
1063, 1064. See Butler, Canning, Ca-
rew, Cavendish, Conway, Coventry,
Cranfield. Danvers, the Ferrars, R.
Johnson, Keightley, J. Martin, H. Mon-
tague, Pory, the Riches, Sackvilles, the
Sandys, Sir Thomas Smith, James I.,
Wolstenholme, Woodall, Wriothesley,
Wrote, and the Wroths.
Fairebrother, William, merchant-tailor,
304.
Fairfax, Sir Ferdinando, 999 ; Sir Philip,
999 ; Thomas, Lord, 1038.
Fairfax County, Va., 151.
"Fair Geraldine," 1046.
Fajardo, Don Luys (Spaniard), 521, 588,
888.
Faldo. William, fishmonger, 548, 888.
"Faldoe the Helvetian." 490.
Falkland, Viscount — Henry Carey.
Falls, Falles, Fals, "of Bland," 830;
the head of the river, now Richmond,
164, 186, 187, 201, 335, 4S], 484, 485,
492, 498, 503, 505, 583, 751, 891, 968,
1047, 1049.
Falmouth, England, 12, 124, 174, 320,
328, 345.
Falmouth, Earl of. — Charles Berkeley.
Fane. See Vane.
Fane, Lord Mildmay, 1038.
Fanshaw, Fanshawe, Lady Anne, author-
ess, 914 ; Catherine. 1058 ; Sir Hemy,
211, 232, 46.5, 467, 888, 889, 914, 1012;
Katherine, 836 ; Lady, 179, 889 ; Mar-
garet, 913 ; Mary, 8is9 : Sir Richard,
poet, etc., 889, 914; Robert, 913;
Thomas, 836. 888, 913, 1012 ; Thomas,
889 ; " The Fansbawes," 95(5.
Fanner, Fermor. George, 225, 889 ; John,
216, 468, 590. 889.
Farrar. See Ferrar.
Fanington, George, 889 ; Richard, 226,
889 ; Mr. , lOLS.
Fauna sent to Virginia: Chickens, 408;
cocks, 174, 800 ; conies, 4()1 ; dogs,
INDEX.
1093
423, 489, 800 ; tame geese 800 ; hens,
174, 408, 800 ; pigeons, 4«51, 5S(> ; poul-
try, 491, 571, 770; puUen, 4G1 ; silk-
worms, 00:3, OSO, 1022; sow, 40S. See
Cattle, Fowls, Goats, Hogs, and Horses.
Fauna of Virginia, 5S() - 5S7 : adders,
401 ; animals with costly furs, 205 ;
apes (?), 185 ; ausprech, 580 ; bears,
104 ; beasts, 104, 502, 585, 792, 800 ;
beavers, 104, 385 ; bison, 042 ; black-
birds, 101, 580 ; brant, 580 ; breeders,
493, 505; buffalo, 042; calves, 130,
481 ; conies, 153 ; cormorant, 580 :
cranes, 175, 580 ; ducks (wild), 175,
58t) ; dyvere (ducks), 5S0 ; eagles, 586 ;
fishing hawks. 580; foals (colts), 727 ;
foxes, 104 ; black and red foxes, 585 ;
game, 521, 048 ; geese (wild), 586 ;
bares, 265 ; hawks, 5>>0 ; herons, 175,
580 ; hunting, 205, 50"), 048 ; lions,
360, 585 ; mallard ducks, 586 ; mon-
kyes (?), 185 ; muscats, 164,585 ; musk-
rats, 585; opossum ('■ possown "), 176,
585 ; otters, 164, 3S5 ; owl, 498 ; oxen
(?), 642 ; parrots, 174, 175 ; partridges,
586 882 ; peacocks, 395 ; pigs (see
Hogs), 170, 529, 083; rabbits, 205;
raccoon (" Rakowns "), 585 ; sable-mar-
tins, 395 ; sheldrakes, 586 ; silkworms,
205 ; snakes, 401 ; squirrels, 585 ; squir-
rels that fly, 357, 586 ; swans, 175, 395,
586; tortoise, 155, 176, 423, drawing,
CCCXLII. ; turkeys, 189, 586, 8(Jl) ;
water fowle, 586; wildcats, 585 ; wolves,
585. See Birds, Dder, Fish.
Fawcett, Facet, Edward, author, etc.,
222, 468, 770, 889, 1009.
Fawkes, Guy, 969.
Felgate, Capt. Tobias, 889; William,
217, 468, 770, 889.
Fellon, Sir Edward, 925 ; Elizabeth, 925.
Femi. See Venn.
Fenne, Robert, 854.
Fenner, Rev. Dudley, 1050 ; Joan, 1050 ;
John, 804, 889; Capt. Thomas (see
Veunor), 16, 8<J9.
Fenton, Capt. Edward, 10, 825, 840, 844,
845, 851, 855, 881, 882, 889, 890, 901,
926, 944, 961, 1001, 1030, 1032, 1040,
1041 ; Sir Geoffrey, 889 ; Henry, 889.
Ferbrand, William, stationer, 969.
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, 2, 674.
Ferdinand II., Emperor of Germany(1619-
1637). 877, 927.
Ferdinand III., Emperor of Germany
(1637-l(i5s). 9^6.
Ferdinando, Ferdinandez, Fernandez, Si-
mon (a Portuguese), 14, IS, 890.
Fernando de Noronho Island, 941.
Feme, Fearne, John, 770, 889 ; Sir John,
772, 88!t, 100;).
Ferrar, Farrar, Erasmus, 890 ; John,
890 ; John, author, etc., 797, 804, 890,
934, 1015; Nicholas, 890; Rev. Nicho-
las, auUior, etc., 802, 874,889,890, 891,
929, 934, 944. 1016, 1018, 1057, 1062,
Fort., 401 ; Nicholas, the elder, 221,
40S, 770, 820, 890, 891 ; Richaid. S90 ;
Susanna, Win ; Virginia, 890; WiUiam,
548, Wto, 891, 933.
Ferrers, Alice, 930.
Fetherstone, Henrie, stationer, 576, 891.
Fettiplace. See Phettiplace.
Feudigraphia, 359.
Fevereham, Karl of (see Sondes), 1020.
Field, Henry, 891 ; Master Warden Rich-
ard, stationer, 084, 891, 913; William,
218, 891 ; William, merchant-tailor,
304, 306.
Fiennes, Hon. Charles, 981 ; William,
Lord Saye and Sele, 886.
Filmore, Sir Edward, 814, 815 ; Sir Rob-
ert, author, etc., 815.
Finch, Fynch, Anne, 1035 ; Catherine,
882 ; Sir Heneage, 803, 804, 891 ; Sir
Henry, author, etc., 891 ; Jane, 891 ;
Sir John, 891 ; Sir Movie, 467, 543, 891,
996, 1035, 1045; William, Esq., 8S2.
Fine Arts. See Thomas Howard, Earl of
Arundel, Sir Thomas Roe, and Villiers.
Fineaux, Elizabeth, 1005 ; Sir John, 1005 ;
Sir John, 1005.
First. — England in line of the world's
progress, 1,2; charters for discovery,
2 ; discoverers of America. See Cabot,
Columbus, Vespucius, and Verrazano ;
English navy a distinct service, 2 ;
Trinity House, 2 ; organized English
company for discovery, 3, 839, 859,
860; English pubUshed collection of
voyages, 3 ; Huguenot Colony, 4 ; Haw-
kin's voyage, 4 ; tobacco, potatoes, etc.,
from Florida to England (1505), 5 ;
Englishmen cross the pi-esent United
States (1568, 1509), 6 ; the spark of
156-!, 7, 947; Auto-da- f^ in the New
World (1574), 7; Frobisher to the
Northwest (1576), 9 ; Drake around the
world (1577-1580), 8, 881 ; treaty with
the United Netherlands (1578), 9 ; pri-
vate letters patent for an English col-
ony in America (1578), 9 ; letters from
Virginia (August, 1585), 15, 1002,
1041 ; Virginian born (August, 1587),
19; charter to E. I. Co. (1600), 25;
public charter for English colonies in
America (1606), 46-63; English col-
ony established in America, the sub-
ject of these volumes, 29-1070; Doc-
uments, Maps, etc., now first published,
X, xi, 33-805, passim ; " King James
the first founder of this noble work,"
52 ; voyage under the charter, Chal-
lons, ()4, 127 ; council, 06 ; the colo-
nists enter Chesapeake Bay, j.Py' "5,
1607; James River, j,Pj'"s; name Cape
Henry and set up a cross there claim-
ing the land for King James, ^,^7,'' "9,
1()07 ; exploring James River, into " the
Countrey of Apamatica,"' searching for
1094
INDEX.
a suitable seating place, from May ^\
to May 2a) they finally selected the site
of Jamestown, and landed and planted
"the seed" there May 2*. 1607,15(5-
161 ; documents from the banks of
James River, 106 ; royal infant to re-
ceive Protestant baptism in England,
120 ; interview between Zuiiiga and
James I. regarding the English settling
in territory claimed by Spain, 122 ;
documents from the Kennebec, 140 ;
published account of the Virginia col-
ony, 181 ; special charter to Virginia
Company of London, 205-237 ; sermon
before the Virginia Company of Lon-
don, 282-291 ; maps of Virginia. See
Tyndall; account of the Virginia col-
ony "published by authority,'' 3o7-
353 ; Govei-nor (Gates), 345 ; Virginia
mentioned in parliament (1584), 13, or
(160?), 360, 820 ; Lord Governor and
Capt.-Gen. (De La Warr) and his com-
mission, 376-384, 1048 ; news of the
•wreck on the Bermudas, reached Eng-
land, 400 ; booke published touching
Sommer Islands, 419 ; voyage to Japan,
472, 473 ; tobacco cultivated in Vir-
ginia as a crop by Rolfe (1612), first
shipiDed to England from Virginia
(1613?), 639, 9^7; potatoes sent to
Bermudas, 6()3, 689 ; silkworms to
Virginia, 663, 689 ; battle for our soil
on our soil at Mount Desert, 711, 712,
815 ,' land owner, 774, 777, 856 ; maps,
457, 780 ; magazine ship, 790 ; free of
Stationers' Company, Adams, 813 ; re-
corders, Archer, 814, and Seymour, 999 ;
discoverer of a shorter way, and fishing
voyages, Argall, 815 ; longitude at sea,
etc., Baffin, 822 ; negro to the Bermu-
das, Bargrave, 824 ; private planta-
tion in Virginia, Bargrave, 824, 929 ;
merchant adventurer, etc., Barnes,
825 ; " The Weekly Newes," Bourne,
832 ; logarithms (see Briggs), 833 ;
prayer for the first General Assembly
of English representatives ' ' convent-
ed" in America, offered up by the
Rev. Richard Buck, j^l,,Cl 1619, 835 ;
idiot born in Virginia, Benoni Buck,
835, 865 ; English journalist, Butter,
837 ; Governor of the Irish Company,
Cockayne, 856 ; chief of first English
factory in Japan, Cockes, 856. See
Stationers' Company, 858, 859 ; English
Knight of Troy, Coryate, 863 ; ships
round the North Cape of Europe, take
colonists to Viiginia, Russia Company,
859; Italian horticulture, Danvers,
874 ; voyage to East Indies, pilot
Davis, 875, Capt. Lancaster, 936;
penny post, Decroe, 875 ; astronomer's
stafp of brass, etc.. Dee, 875 ; Apothe-
caries' Company, pill-maker, Delaun,
87() ; " of known Englishmen saw the
great South Sea," and made the voy-
age around the world, Drake, 881 ;
taught a dog to set partridges, Dudley.
882 ; coffee to England, etc., Edwards,
884 ; overland trade with East India,
Eldred, 885, Stapers, 1023, etc. ; ne-
groes to the colony of Virginia, and
rats to the Bermudas, Elfrith, 885, 886,
980 ; making gunpowder in England,
Evelin, 887 ; breach of promise ease in
Virginia, Ferrar, 891, and Jordan, 933 ;
edition of " Venus and Adonis," Field,
891, and Wriothesley, 1062; Maryland
Assembly, Fleet, 892 ; petitioner, in-
corporator, governor, "laid the foun-
dation of the present prosperous state
of the colony," etc.. Gates, 894,895;
regular vestry on the eastern shore of
Virginia, Graves, 904 ; took first pri-
vate colony to Virginia (1585), Gren-
ville, 9( 5 ; Virginian bom that ever -was
hanged, Hansford, 909; to detect the
spots on the sun, Harlot, 910; duel
in Virginia, Harrison, 913 ; chain
pumps, Hawkins, 916 ; trading house
at Surat, Hawkins, 918; to keep shop
after knighthood, Hicks, 9i2 ; preacher
on James River, Hunt, 929; private
residence to receive a name, Jordan,
£33; contest on charter-rights, Martin,
943 ; governor of the Bermudas, More,
953 ; appearance of the New World on
the English stage, More, 9.o3, 954 ;
took the first public colony to Virginia,
ambassadors to Persia and the great
Mogul, Englishman to explore the
Chesapeake Bay and James River, the
Persian Gulf, and the river of Sinde,
Newport, 157 ; measured a degree with
approximate accuracy, Norwood, 959 ;
certain intelligence of the Armada,
Percivall, ( 03 ; scientific naval archi-
tect, launched the first three-decker,
etc., Rett, 966; fruit of the English
Church among the Virginians, Poca-
hontas, r68 ; Presidents in Virginia,
Popham. 969, Wingfield, 1054; Speak-
er of the first House of Representatives,
Pory, 970 ; book published by Ralegh,
977 ; deed of sale in Bermudas, Rich,
979 ; Protestant colony in Ireland,
Ridgeway, 9''3 ; royal embassy from
England to India, Roe, 9S5 ; tobacco
cultivated and Indian married in Vir-
ginia, Rolfe, 987; expedition to Vir-
ginia, Russell, 988; clerk of Virginia
Council appointed by, and English
tragedy written by, Sackville, 989;
■who conformed to the Protestant re-
ligion, Archbishop Sandys, 991 ; regu-
lar keeping of the Commons journals,
Sir Edwin Sandys, 992 ; speaker of the
first tlioroughly Protestant parliament,
Sir John Baker, 997 ; Persian ambas-
sador to England, Sherley, 1000 ; treas-
INDEX.
1095
urer of the Virginia Company of Lon-
don, governor of the E. I., N. W. P.,
and S. I. Companies, Sir Thomas Smith,
1013, 1014 ; making silk in England,
Stallenge, 10'2'2 ; postmaster-general of
England, Thomas Randolph, 1022;
Protestant baptismal rites to a royal
infant in Great Britain, Hsnry Stuart,
1025, in England, Mary Stuart, 120;
Charters, etc-, James I., 1020; Cape
Merchant, Studley, 1028 ; sermon (see
Symonds), 1029; minister of Boston,
Rev. John Wilson, lOoO; collector of
natural curiosities, Tradescant, 10o2 ;
English herbalist, Turner, 10o4 ; sur-
veyor of Virginia, Tyndall, 10 55 ; ex-
plorer of the American Indies among
the Britons, Wade, 10:50; treasurer of
Harvard College, Herbert Pelham,
1045 ; assayed tiie gold ore from Gui-
ana, Westwood, 104!) ; reference to tea,
Wickham, 1053 ; " only member of the
first colony mentioned in tlie first char-
ter who came with the first planters to
Virginia," was first president of the first
council in the first Englisli colony in
America, Wingfield, 1055 ; governor
of Massachusetts, Winthrop, 1055 ;
founded the navy office in Seething
Lane, London, Winter, 11)56 ; lemon-
juice prescribed for scurvy, Woodall,
1059 ; Mercator idea, meridional tables,
etc. (see Wright), KWil ; legislature in
iu'lusfo, America, 1619, Yeardley, 10;J5
— among the first members were
Thomas Graves (91)4), John Jefferson
([H)6), Samuel Jordan (9 5:]), Capt.
Thomas Pawlett (962). John Pory
(970), Capt. William Powell (971),
Walter Shelley (lOOD), and Capt. Wil-
liam Tucker (1034). See Founders, In-
ventors, Mayflower (ships), Plymouth
charter, etc.
Fish, 86, 107, 153, 155, 164, 168, 175,
265, 289, 313, 330, 3:52, 395, 401-403,
406, 409, 415, 425, 4:52, 43:5, 455, 493,
502, 505, 536, 570, 585, 586, 589, 641,
644, 648, 660, 683, 709, 738, 754, 766,
769, 795, 917 ; fisheries, 8, 14, 25, 902,
985, 1060; fishermen, 203, 248, 271,
353, 356, 439, 445, 469, 627, 715, 799 ;
fishing, 239, 314, 317, 342-344, 403,
432, 4:53, 435, 436, 481, 482, 490, 504,
521, .536, 641, 644, 648, 666, 668, 677;
fishing netts, 406, 409, 58() ; seines, 496 ;
traps, 586 ; weares, 403 ; fishing hawks,
ausprech, cormorant, etc., 586 ; angle,
586 ; base, 586 ; Britain's Buss, 767 ;
busses (fishing), 767, 768; carpe, 586;
cask for sturgeon, 492 ; crabs, 403 ;
creafish, 587 ; eels, 58(5 ; flounders, .586 ;
hallybuts, 433 ; herings, 586 ; herring
fishing ship, 767 ; ling, 482, 105:5 ;
" mare-maide," 1050; morses, 066;
mussels, 157 ; oysters, 157, 175, 330,
403 ; perch, 586 ; pike, 580 ; rockfish,
586 ; salmon, 395 ; salt - fish, 268 ;
"seniles of herings,'' 586; seafish,
586 ; seahorses, iHJiy ; seals, 435 ; sharks,
68)5 ; shelfish, 644 ; swordfish, 153 ;
thrasher, 153 ; torope, 587 ; trout, 586 ;
turtles, 587 ; unicorn ("borne of a sea
unicorn "), 968. See Codfish, New-
foundland, Pearls, Ships, Sturgeon,
Wluile-fishing ; also. Sir Samuel Ar-
gall, John Delbridge, etc.
Fishmongers" Company of London, 226,
2.50, .2.34, 280-282, 813.827,832,833,
852, N57, 883, 888, 892,' 893, 911, 932,
9:5(), 954, 956, 971, 1010, 1023, 1032,
1065.
Fishmongers, Hall, picture of. See Viss-
cher's London.
Fishborne, Richard, 3!)0, 548, 891.
Fisher, Capt. , 885.
Fishermen. See under Fish.
Fitch, Master Matthew, 320, 891.
Fitzalan, Hemy, Earl of Arundel, 839,
840.
Fitzgerald, Elizabeth, 1045, 1046 ; Gerald,
1046.
Fitzbarding, Viscount. See Charles
Berkeley.
Fitzjames, Alfred, or Aldred, 892 ; Mas-
ter John, 419, 891, 892.
FitzStephen, 251.
Fitzwilliam, first Lord, 892; Walter,
Esq., 467, 546, 892; Sir William, 925,
936.
Flag of England, 633, 711.
Flanders (see Spain). 183, 198, 244, 586,
947, 103(5. See United States of Hol-
land and the Netherlands.
Flax (see Silkgrass), 268, 317, 395, 492,
493, 564.
Fleet, Brian, 892 ; Catherine, 892 ; Ed-
ward, 892 ; George, 892 ; Henry. 892 ;
John, 892 ; Reynold, 892 ; Sarah' 892 ;
Thomas, Esq., 992; William, 892;
William, gent., 469, 547, 892.
Fleets for destroving Virginia, 126, 127,
392, 419, 427, 539, 588, 602, 606, 607,
609, 622, 623. See Spanish Naval af-
fairs.
Fleetwood, Bridget, 1018; Edward, 218,
892; Henry, 20; Paul (Flettewood),
815 ; Thomas, 1018 ; Sir William, 892,
9(55 ; Sir William, 466, 544, 802, 888,
892.
Fletcher, Jane, 1051 ; John, merchant,
215, 280, 468, 770. 892 ; Thomas, 1051.
Flewellen, Mawde, 1064 ; Richard 1064.
Flora of Virginia, or to be sent to Vir-
ginia : Almonds (?), 395 ; " Apollos
sacred tree," 87 ; armonchiquoys
wheat, 534 ; artichokes of Jerusalem,
800 ; aslie tree, 107, 587 ; barley, 800 ;
beans, 800: beech, 164; bushes, 493;
cabbages, 587 ; carrots. 587, 800 ;
chechinkamyue (chinquapin), 385 ;
1096
INDEX.
cherries, 166, 800; chesnut, 395, 425,
799; chickpea, 395; coleflowers, 587;
cotton trees, 154; dates (?), 800; fir
trees, 317, 385, 564, 800; flora, 176,
587 ; flowers, 157, 162, 937, 1032 ; gal-
brand, 385 ; gennea wheat, 158 ; grain,
646 ; hops, 317 ; hysop, 587 ; laurel,
87 ; maple, 587 ; marjoram, 587 ; nut-
megs (y), 146; nuts, 395, 521; oats,
800; olives (?), 800 ; onions, 587, 800 ;
orchards, 249, 253, 912 ; palraytoes
(Bermudas), 754; parsnips, 800 ; pars-
ley, 587 ; pears, 754 ; peas, 409, 587,
800 ; physieall plants, 587 ; plants,
824, 844, 912, 1032 ; radish, 800 ; ras-
berries, 164 ; rice, 800 ; rye, 403 ; sarsa-
paiilla, 385 ; shrubs, 493 ; soap-ashes
trees, 587 ; spices, 313 ; suckles, 162 ;
sugar cane, 130, 353 ; sweetwoods, 107,
18U, 587, 800 ; time, or tyme, 587 ; tur-
nips, 587, 800; vegetables, 249, 587.
See Cedar, Commodities, Corn, Cypress,
Flax, Fruits, Gardens, Grapes, Hemp,
Herbs, Mulberries, Oak, Pine, Pitch
trees, Sassafras, Seeds, Silkgrass. Straw-
berries, Tobacco, Trees, Vines, Walnut,
and Wheat ; see also, Henry Carey,
Lord Hunsdon, Dr. John Gerrard, Lucy
Harrington, Nicholas Leate, Lobel,
Tradescant, Dr. William Turner, George
Viscount Villiers, and Edward Lord
Zouch.
Florence, Duke of, 205.
Florentine, a, 610.
Flores. See Zufiiga.
Florida, xiv, 4, 5, 16, 17, 46, 80, 81, 100,
128, 279, 280, 326, 393, 394, 456, 510-
518, 524, 525, 577, 590, 709, 738, 742,
744, 749, 792, 793, 836, 947, 948, 961,
967, 971, 977, 978. 1020, 1023; ac-
counts of, given in England, 4, 5, 17 ;
Apalache, 1020 ; Espiritu Santo (Tam-
pa) Bay, 1020; Indians, 678, 1020;
May, or Mayo, River, 792 ; Ponce de
Leon, or Juan Ponce de Leon Bay, 947,
967; Saint Augustine, 16, 513, 514,
669, 792, 793, 947, 948, 971 ; Saint
Elena, or Helena, 17, 89, 514, 669,
792, 793, 1020 ; Saint John's Fort, 793 ;
St. John's River, 4 ; The Martvrs, Bay
of, 512, 947, 9()7. See Huguenots,
Spain, etc., and biographies of Bur-
goyne, Menendez, Philip IL, Ribault,
Soto, Stewkley, and the officers of the
Drake-Sidney expedition (see p. I'i).
Flory, Capt. -^— (French), 711. 712, 715,
716, 71S, 724, 72.5, 7-30, 743.
Flower, Flowre, George, 167.
Flowerdi(!u Hundred. 962, 963.
Flovd (Llovd ?), David, 804, 892.
Flushing, ships of, 772, 885, 980.
Folkingham, W. , author, 359.
Folliot, John, Esq., 9!)2.
Force, Peter, 242, 279, 321, 345,419, 428,
461, 528, 530, 558, 021, 781, 879, 015.
Ford, Henry, 881 ; Sir Henry, 881 ; John,
dramatist, 8lSl.
Forest, Forrest, Sir Anthony, 212, 892;
Thomas, 218, 892.
Fortescue, C. , 576 ; Capt. George,
16 ; Sir John, 1032; Sir Nicholas, 1027.
Fortifications and means of defense for
Virginia, 8, 107, 161,259,443, 452, 515,
519j_575, 647, 649, 660, 682, 778, 900,
1037 ; ammunition (see Munition), 443,
451, 900; armour, 234, 585, 617, 791 ;
arms, 162, 451, 642, 643, 655, 900 ; ar-
quebuses, 443, 514, 516 ; artillery, 165,
519, 660, 661, 682, 734, 900; battery-
works, 408; blockhouses, 405, 492,
1011; bulwarks, 165, 168; captain of
the watch, 530 ; corselets, 443 ; " Courts
de gard," 154, 530 ; culverins, 680 ;
" defend themselves," 674 ; detach-
ments, 516; earthworks, 515, 519;
f aucheon, 5V.Q ; gunf ounders, 353, 3.56 ;
gunmakers, 470 ; gunpowder-makers,
470; helmets, 443, 510; intruders to
repel, 59, 235 ; man-of-war (see Ships,
The Treasurer) ; munition, 234 ; mu-
nition house, 492; musketeers, 517;
muskets, 160, 443 ; officers, 233, 273 ;
ordnance, 617 ; pallisadoes, 405, 409,
490, 519; pieces, 044; pistol, 163;
powder, 499 ; powder-house, 492 ; quilt-
ed cotton coates, 585 ; saltpetre-men,
470 ; '' sliirts of male," 5b5 ; soldiers,
203, 310, 627, 649, 805 ; stockmakers
for pieces, 470 ; stranger-enemies, 349 ;
targatiers, 160 ; targets, 163 ; weapons,
655. See Captains, Forts, Governors,
Sailors, Ships, etc. See, also. Admi-
rals, or Vice-Admirals (Argall, Haw-
kins, Newport, Somers, West) ; Capt.-
general Lord De La Warr ; Marshal
Sir Thomas Dale ; Master of the ord-
nance, Sir F. Wenman. Consulted about
the fortifications : George Lord Carew,
Sir Edward Cecil, Edward Lord Con-
way, Sir Thomas Dale, Sir Thomas
Gates, Horace Lord Vere, etc.
Fortress Monroe, 1063.
Forts, 397, 456, 481, 490, 495, 519, 523,
634, 661, 795 ; at Cape Comfort, 394,
519,521 ; Charles Fort, or Fort Charles,
490-492, .503, .583, 660, 751 , 795 ; Henrv,
490-492, .503, 660, 795 ; Henry on Ap-
pomattox River, 830 ; at Jamestown,
114, 1(>2-165, 245, 394 (see James-
town) ; at Kiccowtan, 490 ; Saint
George, 140, 146, 183, 190-194, 535,
9f;9. See Comfort.
Fosbrooke, 1006.
Foskir, John, 1045 (Sir John Foster ?).
Fotherbie, Fotherby, Henry, ix, 822, 892 ;
Robert, 822, 1014.
Foundation, v, xiii-xv, 464, 465 ; founders
or managers of the American enterprise,
X, xiii-xv, 730,780, 787, 807, 808, 1016,
1017, 1049; "for which they were
INDEX
1097
deemed Gods among their posterity," 1
276. !See the officers of the Virginia
colonies and companies, and the mem-
bers of His Majesties Councils. See,
also, African, the Bermudas, East India,
Guiana (S. A.), Ii-ish, Levant, Massa-
chusetts, New England, Newfoundland,
Northwest Passage, Plymouth, Russia,
North and South Virginia, the Baha-
mas, Caribbee and other West India
companies and colonies, and the city
companies of London.
Fowke, Gerard, 9!M) ; Sir Henry, 9!X).
Fowles, Fowls, S(), 1-53, lo."), !.")«, 101,
175, 2(5.5, 289, 314, 323, 39.5, 402, 423,
425, 502, 589, 900. See under Fauna
sent to Virginia.
Fowlers, 353, 350, 470, 505, 799.
Fox, Rev. John, martvrologist, 819, 881,
892, 939. 1040; Luke (Northwest), au-
thor, 833, 834, 892, 985, 1058 ; Thomas,
223, 892.
Fox Hill, Va., 867.
Foxall, Thomas, grocer, 469, 548, 590,
893.
Frake. See Freake.
France, 336, 387, 391, 398, 475, 534, 639,
662, 664, 665, 677, 689, 700, 729-734,
745 ; Amiens, Jesuit college at, 700,
706, 724 ; Beauvais, 712 ; Bordeaux,
1.33, 758 ; Bnrgundv, 27 ; Calais, or
Gales, 588, 7<l6. 723, 724, 1056 ; Dieppe,
475, 712 ; Fontainebleau, 665 ; Gas-
coyne, 133, 838 ; Grenoble, 707 ; Gryp,
721 ; Havre de Grace, 323, 897, 1056 ;
Honfleur, 534, 724 ; Lyons^ 707 ; Ro-
chelle, 677, 726 ; Rouen, 714 ; Royal
Lilies of, 708, 719, 727 ; St. Bartholo-
mew, 7, li»02, 1041 ; St. John de Luz,
677 ; St. Malo, 758 ; Tregouse, 9 ; Ush-
ant, 333 ; Vervins, 849. See New
France, and Paris.
French (people), 366, 607, 678, 693, 780,
903 ; coast, 357 ; colony in South Amer-
ica, 768; company, 326, 1017, 1026;
complaints, 664, 676, 677, 679, 680,
730, 733, 734, 757, 758, 895; man,
523 ; men, 644, 666, 795, 996 ; patents,
or charters, 40, 278, 534, 713, 717;
pirate, 1050 ; ships, 662, 930 ; vessel,
1008. See the Grace of God, 475, 815,
and La Prime, 726, 728. See Hugue-
nots, and Jesuits.
French Documents. Extracts from the
French iSIercury, 142, 595, 596 ; ex-
tracts from New France, .321-324 ;
Biard to Balthazar, 475, 533-536 ; Mont-
morency to .James I., 6(54, 66.5 ; extract
from Carayon, (598-700 ; Biard to Ac-
quaviva, 7< )0-7( )6 ; Biard to Louis
XIII., 706-71 >8 ; Biard's Relation, 709-
725 ; Biencourt's Complaint, 725-729 ;
Complaints against the French, 757,
758. See, also, the Letters of the Eng-
lish Ambassadors to France, Sir George
Carew and Sir Thomas Edmonds ; and
the references to the French Ambassa-
dor in England, Mons. de Buisseaux.
Francis I., King of France (1515-1547),
709.
Francis, Albian, merchant-tailor, 305 ;
Giles, gent., 222, 468,770, 892 ; Thomas,
804, 892.
Fianke, Peter, Esq., 546, 892,
Franklin, John, haberdasher, 223, 892;
Ricliard, 548 ; Thomas, merchant-tai-
lor, 303.
Freake, Frake, Freke, Mr. D[octor], 974,
975 ; Bishop Edmund, 975 ; Rev. Hen-
ry, the elder, -547 ; Rev. John, 975 ;
Robert, 892 ; Sir Thomas, 94, 211, 466,
549, (52S, 03!), 892, 893 ; Rev. Thomas,
the elder, 547.
Frederick II., King of Denmark (1559-
1588), 1(J24.
Freeman, Martin, fishmonger, 217, 280,
468, 893 ; Ralph, clothworker, 217, 468,
547, 574, 893, 9-53; Ualph, gent, author,
etc., 390, 893 ; William, gent., 390, 893,
953 ; William, 893.
Free trade, 269, 270, 550, 801, 824, 876,
1017.
Freetraders, the Sandys Party, 1017,
1052.
" Frenchman, a," 523.
Fretchville, Sir Peter, 544, 893.
Fretwell, Thomas, merchant-tailor, 304.
Frisius, Gemma, 875.
Frith, John, the martyr, 276 ; Richard,
gent., 223, 893.
Frobisher, Bernard, 893 ; Sir Martin, 8,
16, 21, 22, (572, 795, 813, 839, 840, 844,
851, 855, 875, 882, 8S9, 8;10, auto., 893,
897, 905, 916, 926, 929, 936, 939, 944,
1001, 1002, 1041, Port., 411 ; Peter,
893.
Fronde's History of England, 7, 9, 868,
947, 998.
Fruits of Virginia, etc., 130, 162-164, 265,
2(58, 314, 425, 455, 502, 520, 754, 776.
824, 900. See Grocers' Company, of
London.
Fruit trees, 323.
Fry and Jefferson's Map of Virginia, 188.
Fryer, Clement, 592 ; Capt. ,213.
Fulford, Mary, 903 ; Thomas, 903.
Fuller, Nicholas, 894 ; Nicholas, author,
etc., 804, 820, 894.
Fuller's (Rev. Dr. Thomas) Worthies,
694, 844, 865, 878, 880, 882, 891, 945.
1011, 1018, 1038, 1042.
Fulwood, William (author ?), 18, 894.
Furriers, 470; Furrs, 205, 317, 395, 425,
493, 7(59 ; fur trade, 25. See Skinners'
Company of London.
Fust, John, inventor of printing, 1048;
Richard, Esq., 861, 1048.
Fynes, Lady Frances, 856.
Gale, George, 940 ; Ursula, 940.
1098
INDEX.
Galileo, (Italian), 910.
Gall, Edward, 223.
Gallen, Ridgeway, Lord. — Thomas
Ridgeway-
Galthorpe, Anne, 930 ; Stephen, 167, 894,
1007.
Galvano (Portuguese), 908.
Gamage, Barbara, 1003 ; John, 1003 ;
William, 20.
Gambo, Don Juan de (Spaniard), 455. •
Games, Amy, 969 ; Robert, 969.
Gardens in Virginia, 249, 253, 491, 492.
800, 912, 1066; hearbs, 194; Gardi-
ners, 353, 356, 445, 469, 799 ; Gardi-
ners' Company, of London, 227, 858.
Gardiner, Christopher, 913 ; John, 216,
894 ; Margaret, 913 ; Richard, 804, 894.
Gardiner's History of England, 418, 556,
820, 850, 865, 9.56, 990, 1021.
Gardner, Martha, 1023.
Gargany. See Garraway.
Garrard. See Gerrard.
Garraway, Garaway, Garway, etc.. Sir
Henrv, 894; WiUiam, Esq., 467, 770,
892, 894.
Garrett (see Gerrard), Sir William, 839.
Garset, Robert, 547, 894.
Gascoigne, George, poet, etc., 897.
Gataker, Rev. Thomas, 907.
Gate (Gates?), Paul, 894; Peter, grocer,
225, 408, 894.
Gates, Anthony, 895 ; Elizabeth, 895 ;
Lady, 532, 894, 895 ; Lady and daugh-
ters, 532, 895 ; Margaret, 895 ; Mary,
895 ; Thomas, 895 ; Sir Thomas, first
governor of Virginia, etc., 16, 24, 46,
52, 54, .58-60, 63, 148, 192, 210, 232,
244, 255, 317, 318, 320, 321, 324, 328,
329, 331, 333, 334, 345, 354, 399, 401,
404-407, 409, 413, 414, 416-420, 422,
424, 440, 445, 448-451, 456, 462, 463,
465, 469, 473, 474, 479-481, 484, 490,
491, 494, 520, 528, 529, 5.32, 569, 595,
616, 617, 619, 620, 625, 626, 640. 641,
643, 652, 653, 660, 689, 691, 693, 717,
724, 741, 742, 749, 750, 752, 753, 812,
815, 835, 872, 873, 894, 895, auto., 896,
898, 936, 941, 964, 971, 975, 1055, 1063,
1065, 1069.
Gaule, Rev. John, 923.
Gazette Letters, 111, 845. See Letters.
Gearing, Gering, etc., John, 216, 468, 771,
896.
Gedge, James, 836 ; Mary, 836.
Gee, Sir William, 545, 896.
Genesis of the United States. See United
States.
Genesis, text from, v, 287 ; sermon on
12th chapter, 1st, 2d, and 3d verses,
287-291.
Gent, Mr. , 113.
Gentilis, Alberigo, Italian jurist, 1067-
Gentlemen in the Virginia Company, .52,
53, 216-228, 264, 464, 467-469, 542,
547.
Geography, Abbot's, 790-795.
George I. of England, 960.
George, William, 20.
Georgia, 5, 947.
Gering. See Gearing.
Germany, 203, 314, 859, 1002, 1027, 104&
Germany, Emperor of, 986.
Germany, Princes of, 986.
Gerrard, Garrard, Gerard, Garrett, etc.,
Anne, 825, 896 ; George, 829 ; George,
845, 896 ; George, Esq., 546, 803, 864,
896 ; G. , 1036 ; Isabella, 991 ; Sir
John, 896, 991; John, 20, 896; Dr.
John, botanist, 937, 10(56 ; Sidney,
10.55 ; Sir Thomas, 897 ; Thomas, 224 ;
Sir Thomas, 544, 896; Sir William,
825 ; Sir William, 845 ; Sir William, 3,
4, 6, 839, 896, 1055. See Savile.
Gersens, (Dutch), 451.
Gibbons, Capt. William, 688, 837.
Gibbs, Edmund, 896 ; Robert, fishmon-
ger, 282 ; Thomas, 896 ; Thomas, Esq.,
797, 896, 914 ; WUliam, merchant, 223,
982.
GifFord, Philip, 390 ; Thomas, merchant-
tailor, 304.
Gilbert, Adrian, 5, 12, 13, 874, 875. 896,
898, 976; Bartholomew, 26, 110,' 141,
896, 897, 977 ; Sir Humphrey, author,
etc., .5-7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 672, "818, 826,
875, 893, 896, 897, 808, 918, 963, 976,
1040, 1050, Port., 421 ; Joanna, 823 ;
John, 823 ; John, 831 ; John, 5, 897,
898 ; John, 217, 898 ; Sir John, 24, 94,
179, 180, 193, 576, 897, 898, 977 ; Otes,
or Otho, 5, 896, 897, 898 ; Ralegh, 47,
52, 55, 58-60, 63, 102, 191-193, 197,
576, 897, 898; "the Gilberts," 972.
Giles, Sir Edward, 804, 898.
Gilman, Capt. Richard, 16.
Gipps, Thomas, 898.
Gipps. See Gypes.
Glanville, Francis, gent., 547. 898 ; Sir
John, 898 : Sir John, Jr., 898 ; Rich-
- ard, 218, 898.
Glaseo, Philip, 128.
Glascock, Charles, grocer, 590.
Glass, 202, 239, 896, 914, 942, 1065;
beads, 115, 153, 159, 486 ; men, 203.
Glenham, Anne, 845 ; Sir Heni-y, 845.
Gliddon, Pierce, 133.
Gloucester, Duke of, 1038.
Glover, George, engraver, 1059 ; Mary,
983; Sir William, 983; Rev. Mr. ,
619, 898.
Goats, 176, 461, 491, 520, 586, 776, 797,
80a, 873.
Goche, or Googe, Dr. Barnaby. master of
Magdiilene College, Cambridge, and
son of Barnabe Googe, the poet, 1029.
Goddard, Anthony, 6 ; Richard, 220, 898.
Godfrey, Thomas, stationer, 859.
Godolphin, Sir Francis, 898 ; Francis,
899; Penelope, 8!t9; Sidney, Earl of,
899 ; Sidney, the poet, 899 ; Thoniasin,
INDEX.
1099
890 ; William, 809 ; Sir William, 210,
2:>2, 898, 899.
Godwin, John, merchant-tailor, 304 ;
Thomas, 222.
GofF, John, merchant-tailor, 306.
Gofton, Sir Francis, 1027.
Gold, 30, 31, 58, 80, 105, 108, 113, 130,
1(50, 268, 280, 313, 357, 395, 456, 520,
521, 634,638, 647, 977,981, 1012, 1048;
helt of Virginia, 583 ; creating power
of the Sim, 507 ; mine, 201, 655. See
Minerals, and Mountains.
Goldsmiths' Company of London, 226,
250, 814, 857, SOL', 922, 931, 044, 1049,
1053.
Gold. See Gould.
Gondomar, Don Diego Sarmiento de
Aeufia, Coimt de, Spanish ambassador,
636, 6")4, (556, ()58-(i60, 662, 6(53, (>65,
666, 675, 676, 680, 684, 737, 740, 743,
745, 759, 817, 8(55, 886, 899-901, 927,
941, 1037, 10(52, Port, 431.
Gonson, Avise, 950 ; Aviso, or Katherine,
901, 91(5, 9.50; Benjamin, 4, 890,901,
916, 950; Thomazine, 800, 901.
Goochland County, Va., 187.
Good Newes from Virginia, 579-588, Oil,
613.
Good speed to Virginia, 293-302.
Goode, Dr. G. Brown, xvi.
Goodere, Anne, 975 ; Sir Henry, 466, 543,
901, 974, 975, 1069.
Goodwin, Elizabeth, 1023 ; Sir Francis,
467, 543, 901 ; Thomas, 1023 ; Rev.
Dr. William, 1025.
Googe, John, 224. See Goche.
Gookin, Daniel, 855 ; Caj)t. John, 948,
1065.
Gore, Gerrard, 901 ; John, 901 ; Ralphe,
804, 901 ; Robert, 548, 770, 901, 082 ;
Thomas, 901 ; William, 901.
Gorges, Sir Arthur, author, etc., 856,875 ;
Bridget, 901; Edmund, 901 ; Edward,
901, 902; Sir Edward, 901; Edward,
14, 901 ; Edward, Lord, S04, 901, 902 ;
Elizabeth, 901, 903; Elizabeth, 903;
Ellen, 903 ; Sir Ferdinando, author,
etc., 24, 27, 50, 51, 66, 02, 94-97, 99,
128, 138, 145, 148, 150, 191, 240, 75S,
780, 804, 817, 856, 876, 891, 901-903,
911, 961, 969, 972, 980, 982,1039, 1047,
1055 ; George, 903 ; Honora, 903 ; John,
903; John, 856; Richard, 2d Lord,
902 ; Robert, 903, 1047 ; Sir Thomas,
901-903,0(56, 10J6; Sir William, 001.
Goring, Gen. George, 904; Sir George,
803, S04, 904, 1066 ; Capt. John, 15.
Gosnold, Anthony, the elder, 904 ; An-
thony, the younger, 22S, 904 ; Barthol-
omew, 2(5, 48, 77, 82, 85, 108, 1(57, 281,
457, 459, 751, 7S0, 832, S34, 904, 988,
1062 ; Robert, 904, 940 ; Mr. , 904.
Gospel, the, 2(56, 285, 288, 290, 291, 315,
339, 372, 374, 463, 499, 578, 588.
Gotherson, Major Daniel, 892.
Gouge, Thoma-q, gent., 467,547, 904, 982 ;
Rev. Dr. Thomas. 1050 ; Rev. Dr. Wil-
liam (" Master G."), author, etc., 730,
747, 904, 1050, Port, 441.
Gould, Hugh, grocer, 387, 388, 557.
Gouldesborough, Flower, 919.
Goidston. See Gulstone.
Gourges, Daniinic de (French), 81, 904,
047.
Government, English. See State.
Government in Virginia, 20(5, 233, 239,
342, 345, 463, 484. See Charters, Coun-
cils, Governors, Laws, State, etc.
Governors, or acting Governors, of Vir-
ginia, 233, 234, 244, 273, 342, 375-384,
399, 775, 777, 778, 798. See Sir Sam-
uel Argall, Sir Thomas Dale, Sir
Thomas Gates, Capt. George Percy,
Capt. Nathaniel Powell, Thomas West,
Lord De La Warr, and Sir Geoi-ge
Yeardley. Also Berkeley, Digges,
Harvey, Matthews, Potts, J. and F.
West, and Wyatt.
Gower (see Gore), Thomas, gent., 167.
Grandison, Lord, 901.
Granger's Biographical History of Eng-
land, 199, 924, 1040.
Grant, Rev. Edward, D. D., 815 ; Sara,
815.
Grantham, Sir Thomas, 466, 544, 803,
904.
Granville. See Grenville.
Grapes, 265, 314, 385, 395, 409, 410, 425,
455, 533.
Graveborn, Harry, fishmonger, 282.
Graves, Louis, and Servant (French), 758.
Graves, John, author, 904 ; Thomas, 218,
904.
Gravesend, England, 64, 102, 124, 174,
1033.
Gray, or Grey, Charles, 904 ; " Lady Eliza-
beth Graie," authoress, 542, 904, 1030;
Henry, Earl of Kent, 1030; Henry,
819; Henry, 904; Henry Lord Grey,
829; Lady Jane, reformer, 819, 882,
991, 1001; Sir John, 829; John, 218,
904; Sir John, 4(56, 543, 904; Robert,
merchant-tailor, 305 ; Robert, author,
293, 296, 904; Robert of High Wy-
combe, 769 ; Thomas, Lord Grey of
Wilton, 1062.
Great Powhatan, 48-5-487, 505.
Greene, Alice, 840 ; Christopher, 840 ;
Laurence, grocer, 224, 4(i8, 590, 591,
(i87, 904, 905 ; William, merchant-tai-
lor, 304 ; Mr. , 962.
Green's Calendar of State Papers, 760.
Greenland, SO, 471, (509, 610, ()(;2, 6(56,
()77, (597, 811, 850, 893, 9(i8, 1013, 1060.
Greenwell, Willi.am, 388, 468, 547, 574,
77(\796, 797, 905.
Greenwich, England, 120,_ 2.30, 316, 589,
779. See East Greenwich.
Greffier, The (Dutch), 450.
Grenville, Granville, Greeneville, Greine-
1100
INDEX.
ville, Greenville, etc., Amy, S80 ; Ber-
nard, Esq., 94, 905: Sir Bevil, {MJ-o ;
Dorothy, 802; Capt. Edward, 15, 905;
George, Lord Lansdowne, !H).5 ; Rich-
ard, 905 ; Richard, Esq. , 862 ; Sir Rich-
ard, 8, 13, 14, 17-19, 21, 567, 890, 898,
905, 928, 972, 976, 977, 1041, Port.,
451 ; Roger, 905 ; Sir Roger, 880.
Grenville Collection, 774, 1051.
Gresham. Elizabeth, 955 ; Sir John, 955 ;
Sir Thomas, 1, 7, auto., 905, 924, 9.55.
Greville, Sir Edward, 930 ; Sir Fulke, the
elder, 905 ; Sir Fidke, author, etc., 15,
93, 901, 905,906, 941, 1002, 1045, 1046,
Port., 461 ; Mary, 930; Robert, Lord
Brooke, 886, 906.
Grey. See Gray.
Greynville. See Grenville.
Grimsditch, Thomas, 978.
Griswold, Mr., 478.
Grobham, or Grubham, Jane, 906 ; Nich-
olas, 906 ; Sir Richard, 466, 549, 770,
906, 1052.
Grocers' Company of London — dealers
in foreign fruits, sugars, spices, and
other foreign commodities, 226, 250,
257, 258, ,387-390, 557, 558, 561, 590-
592, 686-688, 813, 825-827, 829-832,
836, 841, 846, 856, 857, 869, 874, 880,
881, 886, 889, 892, 894, 896, 904, 908,
909, 914, 923-925, 932, 935, 938, 939,
942, 949, 950, 954, 955, 962, 963, 965,
975, 991, 997, 1000, 1004, 1018, 1024,
1030, 1035, 1044, 1045, 1047-1049, 1051,
1053, 10.54.
Grosart, Mr. , 373.
Grosvenor, Joyce, 998 ; William, 998.
Grotius, Hugo (Dutch), 959, 995, 1061.
Gruter's (.Johann, 1560-1627) Inscrip-
tions, 1040.
■Gryce, Nicholas, 218, 906.
Guelp, house of, 960.
Guercheville, Madame La Marquis de
(French), 664, G65, 725, 732, 734, 815,
90(^
Guiana, South America, 23, 24, 27, 125,
143, 333, 348, .357, 358, 375, 454, 657,
752, 774, 819, 837, 852, 860, 910, 920,
921, 934, 9.35, 937, 953, 9.54, 958, 961,
967, 969, 972, 976, 977, 981, 984, 985,
990, 1007, 1020, 1026, 1035, 1039, 1049,
1052, 1053, 1057; Dollesquibe (Es-
seqiiebo), 657, 852 ; Orinoco, 454, 937,
984 ; Wyapoco (Oyapok), 910, 984.
Gtiilds of London. See.
Guillandeau, P. (French), 729. See City
Companies.
Guinea. See Africa.
Gulf of Darien, 670 ; of Mexico, 670, 881.
Gulf Struam, 4.5(5. See Atlantic Ocean.
Gulstone, Goulston, Dr. Theodore, author,
804, 826, 841, 906, 907, 963, 993.
Gums, 107, 108, 162, 317, 642.
Gunpowder Plot, 27, 42, 47, 64, 817, 845,
88'.), 910, 928, 961, 1032, 1040, 1067.
Gunthorp, Mybs. merchant-tailor, 305.
Gustavus Adolphus, of Sweden (1611-
1633), 948, 985.
Guy, Charles, merchant-tailor, 334 ; John,
391, 907 ; PhiHp, 391.
Gwinne, Gwynne, Dr. Matthew, author,
946 ; Capt. Owen (see Winne), 467,
546; Roger, grocer, 558, 590, 591,
687.
Gylman, Oilman, Master , stationer.
292.
Gypes, Thomas, clothworker, 225, 898.
Haberdashers' Company of London, deal-
ers in small wares, trinkets, knives,
beads, etc., etc., 226, 250, 825, 831,
857, 883, 892, 909, 932, 960, 976, 987,
1004, 1030, 1037, 1044, 1052.
Habington, Thomas, 961 ; William, poet,
961.
Hackluit. See Hakluvt.
Hackshawe, Thomas, 804, 907.
Hackwell, Hakewill, Rev. Dr. George,
author, 90S ; William, Esq., author,
467, 546, 864, 907, 908, 1061.
Hague, the, 148, 440, 446-451, 526, 1056.
Haiward, Havward, Heyward, Haward,
Alice, 919 ;~Anne, 919 ; Catherine, 919,
997, 1020; Sir George, 212,907, 919;
James, merchant, 223, 468, 907 ; Sir
John, 467, 545, 770, 907, 919 ; Master
John, author, 804. 907, Port., .521; Rev.
John, 467, 770. 907 ; Mary, 919, 990 ;
Robert, 304 ; Sir Roland, 6, 839, 907,
918. 919, 990, 997, 1012, 1020.
Hakluyt, Hackluit. Edmond, 908 ; Mary,
1042'; Richard, Esq., 20, 869, 908 ; Rev.
Richard, author, 1, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18,
19, 24, 27, 37, 46, 52, .54, 58-60, 62, 63,
81, 87, 127, 152, 163, 169, 197, 199, 206,
215, 279, 322, 328, 419, 429, 566, .567,
669, 752, 823, 829, 837, 845, 869, 889,
auto., 908, 926, 930, 939, 970, 974, 975,
976, 998, 1002, 1009, 1031, 1041, 1042,
1046, 1061 ; Thomas, 1042.
Hakluyt MS., 127-139, 152-168, 169, 197,
199, 328-332, 416, 417, 429-439, 640-
645, (669-675 ?).
Hakluyt Society publications, 21, 86, 279,
327, 413, 416, 562, 566, 567.
Hale, Rev. E. E., 110.
Hales, Sir Matthew, 992.
Hall, Daniel, 9SS ; Rev. Joseph, poet,
etc., 882 ; Richard, ankersmith, .548 ;
Richard, grocer, 387, 388, 548, 629, 6.30,
908 ; Robert, fishmonger, 281 ; WiUiam,
gent., 547, 628, 6."l0 ; William, stationer,
47S ; , 822 ; Mr. , 115.
Halliday, Ann, 950 ; Susanna, 950, 981 ;
Aldeman William, 950, 9N1, 1015.
Halliwell, James O., aiithor, 420.
Hall worthy, Richard, 391.
Halse, John, 919; Mary, 919.
Haman (Hanham, or Hampton ?), Capt
John, 1(5.
INDEX.
1101
Hambler, Giles (Dutch), 861, 1047 ; Kath-
erine (Dutch), SCI, 1047, 1048.
Hamer, Hanior, Ralphe, the elder, mer-
chant-tailor, 210, ;]()(), 408, 771, 908,
10o7 ; Capt. Ralphe, author, 200, 224,
417, 474, 730, 740, 740, 747, 708, 870,
908, 909, 943, 071, 078, 980, 988, 990,
10:54 ; Thomas, 908, 909; Thomas,
merchant-tailor, .'5').").
Hamersley, Hugh, 220, 909.
Hammond, or Hamond, Humphrey, mer-
chant-tailor, oO 1 ; Susan, 950 ; Thomas,
217; AVilliara, 9.")0.
Hampden, John, Esq., the patriot, 868,
081.
Hampson, William, 221.
Hampton, Capt. John, 0, 909 ; Thomas,
548, 909.
Hampton Court, 117, 118, 123, 569 ; con-
ference, 27, 852, 1026.
Hanbury, John, merchant-tailor, 304, 306,
909.
Hanby (Hanbury ?), Richard, 873.
Hancock, William, 217, 909.
Hanger, George, 804, 909.
Hanhara, John, 909 ; Sir John, 466, 544,
909, 909 ; Thomas, 909, 969 ; Thomas,
47, 52, 55, 58-60, 63, 64, 96, 98, 99,
576, 909, 969 ; Sir William, 909.
Hanover County, Virginia, 187.
Hansford, Hanf ord. Col. , 909 ; Hum-
phrey, 468, 547, 574, 909, 982 ; John,
merchant-tailor, 220, 306, 909; Wil-
liam, 909.
Harbours, 81, 394, 519, 644, 660, 970.
Harbrowe, Mr. , fishmonger, 282.
Harcourt, Michael, 910; Robert, author,
657, 885, 909, 910 ; Sir Simon, 960 ; Sir
Walter, 909.
Hardie, M. , 2.
Harding, Simon, 1012 ; Thomas, 20.
Hardwick, Elizabeth, " Bess of Hard-
wick," 846, 847, 1031); John, 846.
Hare, John, Esq., 467, 546, 910; Sir
Ralph, 910.
Harfleet, Sir Thomas, 467, 545, 910.
Harington. See Harrington.
Hariot, Harriot, Thomas, author, etc., 14,
206, 324, 910, 911, 905, 977, 1009, 1051.
Harleian MS., 308, 402.
Harleian Society Publications. — Le
Neve's Knights, Visitations, etc., 893,
901, 904, 914, 936, 954, 965, 986, 996,
1000, 1030, 1042, 1044.
Harley, Harlie, Hawley, Harlow, Harloe,
Edmund, 911; Edward, 102,192,470,
532, 576, 729, 911 ; Gabriel, 911 ; Capt,
Henry, 911; Capt. Henry, 729, 911,
10()2 ; James, 91 1 ; James, 911 ; Jeremy,
911; Jerome, Oil; John, 911; John,
911; Peter, 217; Dr. Richard, 911;
Robert, 804, 911 ; William, 911.
Harper, Anne, 911, 012; John, 912; John,
fi.shmonger, 215, 280, 911,912; Rich-
ard, 548 ; Thomas, stationer, 923.
Harrington, Harington, Edward, 167 ;
P:iizabeth, 1001; Frances, 937; Sir
James, 849, 915, 937, 1001,1066; Sir
James, 912 ; John, Lord, 542, 847, 877,
912, 1001, Fort., 471 ; Sir John, 466,
543, 540, 748,755,864,912, 1001, 10<i9;
Lucy, Countess of Bedford, 542, 770,
912, t»88, 1001, 1014, Port., 481 ; Sarah,
884, 915, 1066.
Harris, Alice, 913, 950; Sir Arthur, 545,
889, 912, 913, 991 ; Sir Christopher,
545, 912; Christopher, 8.36; David,
1031; Elizabeth, 913; Frances, 913;
Gabriel, 20; John, Esq., 467, 546, 912,
913, 1070; Serj. Jolin, 933 ; Margaret,
1031 ; Mary, 913 ; Roger, 4(i8, 547, 913 ;
Thomas, gent., 221, 913; "Lieut.
William Harris," 150; Sir William,
467, 544, 912, 913, 950, 1012 ; William,
913 ; Mr. , 982 ; Mr. , 982.
" Hariis, the Pirate," 990.
Harrison, Abraham, 914 ; Anne, 889, 914 ;
Benjamin, ancestor of the presidents,
1006 ; President Benjamin, 822 ; Bur-
ton, N., Esq., xvi ; Edward, 215, 468,
913 ; George, 804, 889, 908, 913 ; Har-
mon, 218, 913 ; James, 548, 913 ; John,
merchant-tailor, 3: l4, 913 ; Mr. John,
the elder, stationer, 202, 891, 913, 1061 ;
Sir John, 804, 913, 914; John, 914;
Margaret, 914 ; Mary (widow), 914 ;
Ralph, 216, 914; Richard, 27; Thomas,
merchant-tailor, 3ti5 ; William, mer-
chant, 574, 913, 914, 1048; William,
913; William, 914; President William
H., 1005; Ensign, ,913; Master,
908 ; " The Harrisons of Virginia," 913,
1005.
" Harry." See Spelman.
Hart, Anne, 914 ; Sir Eustace, 544, 896,
914 ; Sir George, 914; Joan, 831, 914;
Sir John, 11, 831, 841, 914; Judith,
841, 014; Sir Percival, 804, 914; Sir
William, 811.
Hartford, William, merchant - tailor,
394.
Harvard College, Massachiisetts, 1029,
1045, 1065.
Harvard College Library, 101, 181, 323,
337, 428, 558.
Harvard, John, 1029, 1065.
Harvey (see Hervev), Capt. Edward, 910;
Governor Sir John, 845. 848, 0.38, 963,
980, 1059; Mary, 969; Sir Sebastian,
969.
Har\'ie, Dionise, 18, 20.
Harward, Thomas, merchant-tailor, .304.
Harwell, Horwell, Howell, Sir Thomas,
211,406,914. See Howie.
Harwick, 85.
Harwood, Sir Edward, author, 213, 797,
886, 914, 915, 0S8 ; George, 915 ; Leon-
ard, 224, 771, 915; AVilliam, 914.
Haselden, Hazleden. William, 469, 548,
915.
1102
INDEX.
Haselrig, Hazlerigg, Francis, gent., 223,
915.
Hastings, Elizabeth, 1019 ; Francis, 91-5,
1067 ; Francis, 1046 ; Sir Francis, 953 ;
Francis, Earl of Huntingdon, 1019 ;
George, 915, 10-16 ; Henry, Earl of
Huntingdon (1572), m'A ; Henry, Earl
of Huntingdon, 542, 915, Port., 491 ;
Sara, Lady, ^84.
Hatfield House Library, 145.
Hathaway, Anno, 999.
Hatton, Sir Christopher, 13, 823, 881,
auto., 916, 1045, 1U46 ; Sir Christopher,
Jr., 889 ; Dorothy, 915 ; Frances, 980 ;
Sir Henry, 967 ; Lady, 819, 851 ; "Sir
Wm. Newport alias Hatton," 851, 980.
Haukinson, George, 228, 915.
Hauterive, Mens, de (French), 622.
Havana (Cuba), 23, 128, 198, 443,451,
456, 472, 510-513, 518, .521-525, 531,
533, 539, 554, 588, 592, 607, 653,
1043.
Haveland, Anthony, 390 ; Thomas, sta-
tioner, 356.
Havershani, Baron, 1034.
Hawes, Humphrey, clothworker, 277,
915 ; Sir James, 1043 ; Lawrence, 915 ;
Margaret, 1043 ; Mr. , 982 ; Rob-
ert, fishmonger, 282.
Hawes, Hames, Himes, Hine, Nicholas,
95-97, 128, 134, 639, 640, 645.
Hawkeridge, Capt. Giles, 467, 546.
Hawkins, Charles, 220, 468, 915, 918;
Sir John, 4-7, 23, 568, 674, 792, 793,
813, 851, 854, 856, 881, 882, 889, 893,
901, 915, 916, 918, 922, 926, 9-30, 939,
947, 950, 967, 1056, Port., 501 ; John,
216, 916, 918 ; John, merchant-tailor,
304 ; John, the elder, 915 ; Sir John, the
author, 917, 918 ; John, of Rugbv,
1000; Lady Judith, 917; Mary, 919;
Sir Richard, author, 16, 94, 771, 916-
918, 942, 980 ; Sara, 1000 ; Capt. Wil-
liam (1st), 916, 918; Capt. William
(2d), 6, 915, 916, 918. 944; Capt. Wil-
liam (3d), 918; William, Esq., 919;
" Hawkins," 972.
Hawks, Rev. F. L., 242.
Hawley (see Harley), Capt. , 213.
Hawte, Jane, 996 ; Sir William, 996.
Hay, James Lord, etc., .542, 797, auto.,
918, 920, 921, 955, 965, 979, 1044, Port.,
511.
Hayden, Haydon, Heyden, etc., Jeremy,
or Jerome," 468, 594, 748, 770, 918 ; Sir
John, 918.
Hayes, Hays, Edward, author, 12, 918;
Martha, 887 ; Sir Thomas, 887.
Hayward. See Haiward.
Hazard's Historical Collections, 1027.
Hazleden. See Haselden.
Hazlerigg. See Haselrig.
Head of the river (see Falls), 504.
Heale, Hele, Sir John, 919 ; Sir Warwick,
466, 919, 980.
Heath, Robert, Esq., 797, 803, 879, 919,
Port., 531.
Heath's Chronicle, 981.
Hebrides, 601.
Heiborne, Heyborne, Sir Ferdinando, or
Sir Francis," 467, 545, 919.
Heightley, Peter, 804, 919.
Heiton, Frauncis, gent., .547.
Hellowes, Edward, author, 926.
Helme, John, merchant-tailor, 305.
Helpringham, 359.
Hemp, 268, 317, 398, 482, 492, 493;
dressers, 470 ; planters, 470.
Heneage, Elizabeth, 891 ; Sir Thomas,
891, 1046.
Hening's Virginia Statues at Large, 65,
91,201, 995.
Henniugham, Abigail, 877 ; Sir Arthur,
877.
Henrico (town), Va., 581, 588, 584, 611,
614, 649, 652, 660, 744, 751, 782, 795,
823, 1025, 1050, 1053; county, Va.,
1025 ; Henricopolis, 1025 ; Henries
towne, 644 ; Henricus, 504, 1025 ; New
town in Virginia, 491, 492, 504; New
Townes in Virginia, 778.
Henrietta Maria, 966, 879, 1039.
Henry, Cape, 158, 354, 401, 403, 404,
409, 414, 429, 484, 565, 781, 1025,
XLVL, CLVIII. See Rivers.
Henry, Prince. See Henry Stuart.
Henry II of France (1551), 1023.
Henry IV. of France and of Navarre
(1589-1010), 40, 278, 391, .534, 716,
831, 848, 877, 893, 946, 967, 1000,
1003, 1027, Port, xxxi.
Henry VII. of England (148.5-1509), 1, 2,
263, 313, 368, 672, 693, 837, 838, 859,
1054. See Tudor.
Henry VIII. of England (1509-1547), 2,
277, 837-839, 846, 859, 922, 965, 1022,
1030, 1039, 1046, 1061. See Tudor.
Henry VIII. (the play), 6.37.
Henshaw, Hinshaw, Thomas, merchant-
tailor, 222, 306, 307, 469, 829, 919.
Heralds, College of, 308, 309.
Herbert, Capt. , 213 ; Arthur, 920 ;
Charles, 919; Edward, Lord, author,
874, 927, 953 ; Edward, Esq., 804, 919,
920, 1018 ; Rev. George, poet, 874, 919,
1037, 1057 ; tienry. Earl of Pembroke,
920-922, 1001 ; Margaret, 1037 ; Mary,
Countess of Pembroke (see Sidney),
1045, 1046 ; Philip, Earl of Montgom-
ery, 209, 231, 379, 384, 465, 548, 549,
681, 855, 920-922, 943, 944, 988, 1001,
1044, 1069, Port., 541 ; Richard, Esq.,
874; William, Earl of Pembroke, 4,
839, 922 ; William, Eari of Pembroke,
poet, 90, 98, 209, 231, 239, 318, 319,
379, 384, 4(55, 532, 676. 681, 686, 75.5,
770, 847, 920, 921, 922, 941, 943, 944,
954, 1001, 1002, 1014, 1030, Port., 551.
Herbert's History of the Twelve Great
Livery Companies of London, 611, 857.
INDEX.
1103
Herbs, 163, 194, 205, 314, 410, 585, 792.
"Hercules," 276, 781. 1008.
Heme, Heron, Sir Edward, 467, 544,
922 ; Griffeth, 16 ; Nicholas, 922 ; Rich-
ard, 548, 922.
Herrick, Hericke, etc., John, 915, 922 ;
Nicholas, 922 ; Rev. Robert, poet, 898,
922; Ursula, 915; Sir William, 467,
545, 915, 922, Fort., 561.
Herris. Lieut. William, 150.
Herst, Gregory. 804, 922.
Hertford, Earl of, 1028; Marquis of,
930.
Hervey (see Harvey), Margaret, 950,
1055 ; Sir Nicholas, 1055 ; William
Lord, 1055, 1061.
Hethersall, George, merchant-tailor, 303.
Hewit, Hewett, Dionise, 1023 ; Thomas,
1023 ; Sir Thomas, 466, 545, auto., 922,
982.
Heyden. See Hayden.
Heyho, Thomas, merchant-tailor, 305.
Heylyn, Peter, author, 31.
Heyward, Thomas, poet, 1026.
Heyward. See Haiward.
Hexham, Henry, author, 918.
Hibbard, John. 819.
Hickman, Anthony, reformer, 862, 939.
Hicks, Sir Baptist, 211, 232, 384, 465,
466, 594, 748, 802, 823, 844, 891, 922,
923 ; Sir Michael, 922 ; William, 804,
923.
Hide, Hyde, Anne, Duchess of York, 923 ;
Edward, Lord Clarendon, 923 ; Helen,
923 ; Henry, 923 ; John, the elder, 923 ;
John, grocer, 225, auto., 923 ; Law-
rence, the elder, 923 ; Lawrence, Esq.,
467, 546, 770, 923 ; Sir Nicholas, 467,
546, 770, 923 ; Robert, 923.
Highgate, London, 254, 258. 310, 324,
332, S:i6, 496 ; Higuete, 183, 184, 243 ;
Higete, 386 ; Iguet, 310, 358.
High Wycombe, Boiough of, 769.
Higgons, Peter, grocer, 226.
Hill, Robert, 216, 923; Tristram, 224,
923.
Himes (see Hawes, Nicholas), 95-97.
Hine (see Hawes, Nicholas), 128, 134.
Hinson, Tobias, grocer, 226, 924.
Hinton, Huntou, Dr. Anthony, 546, 770,
924; Griffith, 219, 924; Sir Thomas,
969.
Hispaniola (Hayti, Saint Domingo), 21,
27, 130, 174, 393, .522, 647, 672, 675,
7i)2, 1044.
History, xii, 645, 1010, 1068 ; " a fair and
perspicuous," 1006.
Hobart, Hubard, Sir Henry, author, vii,
207. 211. 232, 924, 1004, Port., .571;
Sir John, 924, 1004 ; Sir Miles, 924 ;
Robert, 924.
Hobbs, Mr. Thomas, author, 847, 848.
Hobby (see Hobv), Richard, 390.
Hobson, Capt. Nicholas, 470, 532, 729,
924.
Hobv, Sir E., 694; John, or William,
1032, 1038.
Hodge, Paul, fishmonger, 282.
Hodges, Edward, grocer, 224 ; John, 468,
771, 924; Thomas, merchant-tailor,
305, 460, .548,885,924; William, gent.,
547, 924.
Hodgeson, Hudson, John, 220, 929.
Hodsall, John, 548, 924.
Hodsdon. See Hudson.
Hogan, Edmund, 924; Gresham, Esq.,
407, 548, 924. See Howgan.
Hogben, Joseph, 892.
Hog Island, Va., 407, 827, 1024.
Hogs sent to Virginia, 401, 402, 408, 415,
422, 423, 586, 1020 ; swine, 423, 456,
462, 474, 482, 491, 495, 589, 727, 754,
776, 797, 800 ; sow, 408 ; swine-herdes,
470.
Hole. William, engraver, 459, 595, 596,
8()3, 924, 1025.
Holecroft, Holcroft, Capt. Jeffrey, 212,
924 ; Thomas, 924 ; Sir Thomas, 925 ;
Capt. Thom;is, 213, 316,417. 924.925;
Sir Thomas, 93. 211, 924, 925. 1U69.
HoUand, Hugh, poet, 1026 ; Lord, 1036 ;
"Samuel Holliland, gent.," 517, 925;
William, 804, 925 ; Earl of. See Henry
Rich.
Holland House. See Cope Castle.
HoUand. See United States of Holland,
and The Netherlands.
Holies, HoUis, Capt. , 213 ; Lady
Arabella, 1045 ; Denzill (the elder),
925 ; Denzill, one of " the five mem-
bers," 891, 925 ; Sir John, 210, 466,
925, 1038, 1045, 1069 ; John, 1038.
Holman, Holeman, George, grocer, 216,
257, 387, 388, 469, 557, 591, 771, 925 ;
George, Jr., 925.
Holmeade, Anthony, merchant - tailor,
307.
Holmes. Thomas, merchant-tailor, 304.
Holt, Cliristopher, 220, 925 ; John, 218,
925.
Holyday, widow, 930.
Hondius, Judoeus (Dutch), 918.
Honywood, Elizabeth, 996, 997 ; Thomas,
997.
Hood, Thomas, author, 20, 925, 926,
1012, 1014.
Hooke, Humfrey, 391.
Hooker, George, gent., 228. 926; Nicho-
las, 468, 547, 926 ; Richard, grocer,
225 ; Rev. Richard (1554-1600), author,
992, his Polity, 1040.
Hooper, Humfrey. stationer, 292 ; Rev.
John, martyr, 939.
Hope. John, 1020; Thomas. 601. 926.
Hopkins. Eliezer. 73(i ; John, alderman
of Bristol, 228, 926. 990.
Hopton. Mary, 834 ; Sir Owen. 834.
Hore. Hoar, Christopher, 218; Robert, 2,
926.
Horner, Thomas, Esq., 969.
1104
INDEX.
Horses sent to Virginia, 328, 408, 454,
4i:»2, 520, 720, 727, 742, 1020; mares,
328, 408, 520, 727.
Horsmanden, Rev. Daniel, 990 ; Jane,
0V)0 ; Mary, 990 ; Rebecca, 990 ; Rev.
Richard, 990 ; Rev. Thomas, 990 ; Col.
Warham, 990.
Horspoole, Symon, 1011 ; William, 1011.
Horton, Alexander, 830 ; Mrs. , 987.
Hortop (see Hotoft), Jop, author, 6, 926.
Horvvell. 8ee Harwell.
Hoskins, Charles, merchant-tailor, 304 ;
John, Esq., author, 407, 546, 864, 926 ;
John, 926 ; Oswell, merchant-tailor, 305.
Hosnier's Life of Vane, 1036.
Hot bathes, 153, 154, 480, 489.
Hotoft, Mrs. Margaret, 888.
Houghton, Lord. — John Holies.
Houldeu, William, 804, 926.
Houses, buildings, etc., in Virginia, 107,
249, 253, 519, 776 ; bridge, 492 ; cab-
ins, 491 ; cattlehouses, 492 ; churches,
491, 492, 835, 984, 987 ; cottages, 491 ;
East India school, 973 ; free school,
973 ; house carpenters, 470 ; household-
ers, 776 ; houses of stone, 185 ; maga-
zines, 72, 491 ; mansion house, 913 ;
market, 396 ; mills, 469, 470, 800 ; St.
Mary's Church, 984 ; stables for horses,
492 ; storehouses, 72, 492 ; -well at
Jamestown, 492. See College, Fortifi-
cation, etc.
Howard, Lady Catherine, 1045, 1046 ;
Catherine (daughter Thomas, Earl of
Suffolk), 851 ; Charles, Lord High Ad-
miral, 388, 813, 817, 889, 926, 927, 938,
941, 957, 990, 999, 1033, 1046 ; Lady
Douglas, 882, 999; Elizabeth, 928;
Frances, 1028; Frances, 1046; Lady
Frances, 678, 928, 951 ; Henry, Earl of
Surrey, 926; Henry, Earl of North-
ampton, author, 309, 388, 390, 589, 590,
755, 847, 899, 926, 927, 1037, 1067,
Port., 581 ; Henry, Lord Maltravers,
927; "Jockey of Norfolk," 927 ; Rev.
John (see Haiward), 221 ; Philip, Earl
of Arundel, 856, 927 ; Theophilus, Lord
Walden, 209, 231, 379, 384, 388, 681,
927, 928, 1028, 1069 ; Thomas, Earl of
Arundel, author, etc., 804, 821, 927,
928, 1021, 1027, 1030; Thomas, Earl of
Suffolk, 24, 120, 179, 209, 309, 388, ()77,
678, 679, 681, 686, 820, 829, 851, 905,
927, 928, 1018, 1028, Port, 591; Thomas,
Earl cf Surry, temp. Henry VIII., 277,
927; Thomas, 2d Duke of Norfolk.
926; Thomas, 4th Duke of Norfolk,
928, 1061 ; Thomas, Viscount Bindon,
1028; William Lord, 839, 926, 999.
Howe, George, 18 ; John, 112 ; John,
906 ; Viscounts, 906.
Howes, Edmund, author, 375, 460, G04,
689, 928, 929,953, 1021, 1022; extracts
from his Chronicle, 393, 461, 473, 474,
557, 568, 571, 748-756, 773.
Howell. See Harwell.
Howgan, Sir Thomas, 770. See Hogan.
Howie, or Howell, Richard, 223, 929
See Harwell.
Howson, Henry, merchant-tailor, 304.
Hubard. See Hobart.
Hubbard's Narrative, 194,
Huddleston, Mr. , 944.
Hudson, Hodgeson, etc , Christopher, 11,
12, 825, 929 ; Henry, 839 ; Capt. Hen-
ry, 102, 118, 184, 327, 358, 388, 457,
459, 496. 497, 556, 573, 852, 878, 885,
928, 937, 941, 987, 988, 1013, 1057,
1058, 1062 ; Robert, 962 ; Simon, 929 ;
Ursula, 929.
Hudson's Bay, 497, 609, 667, 833, 837,
859, 955 ; Company, 818 ; River, 327,
358, 459, 745, 815, 877.
Hughes, or Hues, Rev. Lewis, author,
759, auto., 929 ; Robert, mathemati-
cian, 910, 965 ; T., 819.
Huguenots, xiv, 4, 5, 17, 590, 792, 836,
852, 853, 919, 947, 967, 977 ; Carolina,
5, 17 ; Charles Fort, 4 ; Fort Caroline,
4, 792, 947 ; Port Royal, 4, 947, 967 ;
St. Bartholomew, 7, 1002, 1041 ; South
Carolina, 4, 947. See Florida.
Hulls. See Lulls
Humble, Peter, 929; Richard, 215, 929,
Port., 611.
Hume, Elizabeth, 927 ; George, Earl of
Dunbar, 811, 927.
Hume's History of England, 63, 992.
Humfrie, Humphreys, John, Esq., 981 ;
Nathaniel, 135.
Hungate, Anne, 820, 840 ; William, 840.
Hungerford, Sir Anthony, 929; Sir Ed-
ward, 94, 929 ; Sir John, 466, 543,
929.
Hunnewell, James F., xvi, 483.
Hunsdon, Lord. — Henry Carey.
Hunt, John, 140, 191 ; Rev. Robert, 49,
823, 929 ; Thomas, 221 ; Master Thomas,
680, 1008.
Hunter, John, 1033 ; Mary, 1033.
Huntingdon, Catharine, Countess of, 992 ;
Countess of, 1045, 1046 ; Francis, Earl
of, 1019 ; Earl of (see Henry Hastings).
Huntley, Earl of, 1066; Sir George, 545,
628, 630, 929 ; John, 218, 929.
Hunton. See Hinton.
Husband, Edward, stationer, 1057.
Husband, the, of the Va. Co. (1609-
1(!16), viii, ix. [Name unknown, but
William Webb held the office in 1619,
and probably before that date. ]
Hussey, Anthony, judge, etc., 901 ; Ur-
sula, 901.
Huth Collection, 420.
Hyde. See Hide.
Hyrmice, 475.
Idea of November 6th, 1577, 8, 9, 46, 117
Idea of Sir Philip Sidney, 15-17, 905,
906, 1002.
i
INDEX.
1105
Idiaqnes, Don Juan de (Spaniard), fi22.
Imperial Library, Paris, France, 707.
Incorporators. See Adventurers.
Indenture, 18, 20, lO.Jl.
India, East. See East India.
India, West. See West India.
Indian boy, 1005, 10:5 1 ; cliief , 1020 ;
princes, 1020. See Native Inhabitants
of Virginia.
Indians. See Native Inhabitants of Vir-
ginia.
Indies, East. See East India.
Indies, West. See West India.
Infantado, Duke de (Spaniard), 622, 930.
Ingram, Sir Arthur, 407, ."j-tO, 54'), 55(5,
028, 030, 654,802, 930, 1069; Sir Ar-
thur, Jr., 9o0 ; David, author, etc., (i,
10, 930; Henrv, 'M) ; Hugh, 'j;iO;
Capt. John, 550^ 930.
Inhabitants. See Native Inhabitants.
Innian, Matthew, 922.
In.structions, 64-75, 79-85, 102, 316-
318, ;].S4^386, 636.
Inventors. — An engine for cutting iron,
Dabney, 869 ; dredging machine and
mine pump, Gilbert, 898 ; chain pump,
Hawkins, 916 ; signals by lights.
Bourne, 1006 ; steam engine, DeCaus,
and Henry, Marquis of W^orcester,
1025, 1056 ; printing, John Fust, 1048.
See Firsts.
Ipswiek, Bailiffes, etc., of, -547, 930.
Irby, Anthony, Esq., 467, 546, 930, 931,
1034 ; Sir Anthony, 825 ; Sir Anthony,
931 ; Edward, 1065.
Ireland, 97, 119, 123, 124, 205, 266, .325,
359, 440, 526, 601, 661, 674, 693, 697,
705, 736, 738, 756, 759, 768, 820, 827,
828, 836, 842, 844, 854, 860, 897, 983,
1007, 1023, 1035, 1055, 1057.
Irish affairs, 122 ; Company of London,
205, 325, 611, 688, 860, 893, 1022,
1026 ; men, 198, 523, 607, 609 ; pace,
162 ; pirates, 325 ; plantation, 611, 6S8,
893, 1022, 1035 ; report on Virginia,
393-399.
Iron, 234, 237, 239, 268, 317, 340, 349,
363, 395, 398, 408, 425, 456, 481, 584,
800; finers, 469; founders, 469; men
for furnasse, 353, 356 ; men for ham-
mer, 353, 356 ; mills, 469, 800 ; miners,
4G9 ; ore, 203, 800.
Ironmongers' Company, of London, 226,
250, 842, 852, 853, 855, 857, 913, 931,
937, 1024.
Ironsides, Richard, 216, 931.
Iroquois Indians, 903.
Irvine, Viscount, 930.
Irwin (see Urwyn), Mariana, 999; Sir
William, 999.
Isaac, Nicholas, merchant, 223.
Isaacson, Isaaekson, Powell, 548, 931 ;
William, 931.
Isabella. See Ferdinand.
Isham, George, 223, 804, 931.
Islands of Virginia (34°, 4.V^, N. Lat.) : of
Basses, 4(iii; Block, 45'.l; ("ludia, or
Claudia, 4-"/.»; Elizabeth's, 459; Eme-
tenic, or Emmetenie, 5;i4, 53(1 ; Haute,
4(i(); Hog. 407, 827, 1024; Kent, 888,
10-58 ; Las Ranges, 460 ; Lobster, 460 ;
Long, 707, 8'.i2 ; Martha's Vineyard,
4.59; Monhegan, 25, 191, 4(iO, 880;
Mount Desert (Mount Mansell, or St.
Sauveur), 460, 662, 664, (i(i5, 815, 942;
Mount Mansell, 942 ; Mulberry Island,
407; Oni (aux) Oiseaux, 461); Pen-
coit, 709, 715, 716 ; Penduis, 460, 936;
Peree, 460 ; Portsmouth, 459 ; Roan-
oke, 459 ; Sable, 12 ; Saint Croix, 460 ;
Saint Georges, 191, 46(J ; St. Sauveur
(see Mount Desert), 699, 709, 718, 723,
815 ; He of Sands, 400 ; Savidge Rock,
460 ; (Sir Thomas) Smith's, Va., 641,
1013 ; Turkey, 189 ; Wococon, 459.
Isle of Wight, England, 413, 475.
Isle of Wight, Va., 186.
Islip, Mr. . stationer, 293.
Israael Khan (Persian), 1000.
Italy, 38, 270, 603, 917, 927, 989, 1002,
1027 ; Florence, 205, 271 ; Italian forces
see (Romanism), 124; Italian paint-
ings, 1039; Italians, 607. See Rome.
Ithell, Mary, 1059 ; Peiise, 1059.
Jackman, , 908, 965.
Jackson, Henry, 215, 931 ; Rev. J. E.,
xvii, 318, 319, .384.
Jacob, Mary, 834 ; Thomas, 167.
Jacobopolis. See Jamestown.
Jacobson, of Antwerp, Jacob, 931 ; Pe-
ter, 226, 931; Philip, 226, 468, 771,
931
Jacques, Gabriel, 804, 931.
Jadwine, Elizabeth, 931; Thomas, 468,
771, auto.. 931, 982; William, 931.
Jaggard, BIr. John, stationer, 292 ; Wil-
liam, stationer, 767, 1061.
James I. See James Stuart.
James City, Va., 874, 913, 971, 1011,
1025.
James River, Va., 29, 10.5-107, 109, 110,
112, 151, 1.57, 160, 161, 163, 164, 175,
177, 186, 189, 195, 238, 245, 247, 317,
330, 341, 394, 397, 4.56, 457, 504, 507,
508, 519, 520, 805, 808, 829, 841, 904,
943, 945, 957, 958, 985, 1025, 1026, 1040,
1047, 1049, 1063 ; King's River, 330,
346, 503, 567, 778 ; Powhatan's River,
l(i4, 484, 567, 583; King James his
River, XLVI. ; The King's River,
CLVIII.
James Town, Va., 107, 109, 112, 113,
161, 175, 176, 187, 188, 238, 247, 259,
265, 330, 332, 333, 335, 399, 401, 402,
404, 405, 407, 415, 417, 428, 429, 437,
479, 484, 485, 487, 490, 492-494, 500,
,501, 504, 508, 519, .583, .585, 599, 617,
641, 051, 6.52, 660, 702, 709, 743, 747,
751, 782, 786, 787, 795 815, 823, 835,
1106
INDEX.
841, 908, 933, 945, 967, 987, 990, 1007,
1008, 1026, 1047, lOoO, 1063, 1065,
XL VI., LVII., CLVIII. ; James Fort,
114, 162-165, 245, 394; James Port,
166 ; Jacotopolis, 114 ; " Jemton," 709 ;
Villa Diego, llo, 265 ; Villa James,
177 ; fire at, 175-177.
James, Edward, merchant-tailor, 303,
548, 931 ; Humphrey, cooper, 215 ;
John, fishmonger, 282 ; Robert, mer-
chant-tailor, 304 ; Roger, 881 ; Sarah,
881 ; Capt. Thomas, author, 837, 931,
932, 985 ; Thomas of Bristol, 21, 66,
93, 931, 932, 1052 ; William, 931 ; Wil-
liam Lord Bishop, 542, 932.
Jamaica, Long Island, 707.
Janson, William, 932.
Janus, 5(53.
Japan, 27, 102, 472, 473, 573, 574, 856,
859, 916, 949, 973 ; Japanese, 875.
Java, 873, 957, 973.
Jefferson, John, 963 ; Peter's Map of Vir-
ginia, 188 ; President Thomas, x ; his
Notes on Virginia, 91, 170, 208, 391.
Jeffreys, Arthur, fishmonger, 282.
Jehanghir, Great Mogul of India (1605-
1627), 985.
Jener, Joanna, 986.
Jenings, Jennings, Abram, 391 ; Sir Ed-
mund, 825 ; Gov. Edmund, 825 ; Ed-
■w ard, grocer, 590 ; Juliana, 925 ; Nich-
olas, 925 ; Thomas, gTocer, 225.
Jenkins, Rear-Admiral T. A., xvi.
Jenkinson, Bridget, 984 ; Richard, mer-
chant-tailor, 304; Robert, merchant-
tailor, 303 ; Robert, 984.
Jermy, Elizabeth, 984 ; Robert, 984.
Jermyne, Sir Thomas, 466, 543, 803, 932,
1070.
Jerningham, Anne, 863 ; Sir John, 863.
Jesuits, 42, 291, 391, 662, 664, 665, 698-
729, 732, 742, 815, 1039; Jesuit Ar-
chives, 475, 533, 698, 700 ; Jesuit col-
lege at Amiens, 700, 706, 724 ; ' ' Jes-
niticall plantation," 6l6. See Acqua-
viva. Balthazar. Biard. Masse, Quentin,
du Thet, etc. See France.
Jewell, James, 804, 932.
Joachimi, Heer Albert (Dutch), 447.
Joanes, Margaret, 1038 ; William, 1038.
Jobson, Humfrev. gent., 547, 932; Wal-
ter, 804, 932; "William, 804, 932.
John, or Johns, Henry, gent., 226.
Johnson, Abraham, 852 ; Lady Arabella,
85() ; Ben (see Jonson) ; Isaac, 852 ;
Edward, 804, 932 ; George, merchant-
tailor, 3l)0 ; Humfrey, gent., 4(J7, 932 ;
John, 219; Archdeacon John, 932;
Martha, 932; Mary, 896; Richard,
grocer, 225 ; Robert, grocer. Deputy of
the Va. Co. (author?), 217 (R. L 242),
390, 4()8, 558, 590, 594, 687, 748, 771,
796, auto., 932, 943, 950, 982, 998,
1015, lOK) ; Robert, merchant-tailor,
306, 932 ; Sir Robert, 212, 932 ; Thomas
(two of the name, one a fishmonger, the
other a merchant-tailor), 219, 220, 281,
303, 306, 771, 932; William (Johnson,
or Janson), vintner, 225, 932.
Johnston's History of Bristol and Bre-
men, 25.
(Jolles, Sir John), Lord Mayor, 773.
Jones, Anne, 883 ; Francis (Johanes),
388, 467, 546, 574, 932, 933 ; Sir Hen-
ry, 1023 ; Hester, 887 ; Inigo, author,
etc., 604, 864. 933; John, 228, 548;
John, 933 ; Sir Roger, 883, 887 ; Arch-
bishop Thomas, 887 ; Capt. Thomas,
902, 970 ; Thomas, 390 ; William, 390 ;
Sir William, 1027 ; William, 996 ; Zach-
ary. Esq , 214, 933.
Jonson, Ben, poet, 29, 31, 104, 807, 820,
844, 864, 906, 912, 933, 945, 1001, 1021,
1064, 1066 ; his mother, 31 ; Mr. .
982.
"Jordaine, Miss," 1053.
Jordan, Jourdan, Cicely, 891, 933; Mar-
garet, 933 ; Mary, 933 ; Samuel, 804,
891, 933 ; Sil (Samuel ?), autlior, 419,
621, 1018 ; WilUam, 926 ; William, of
Surrey, 984.
" Jordan's Jomey," 933.
Joseph, Capt. Benjamin, 662, 677, 822,
878, 933.
Joshua, John, gent., 221, 933.
Josslyu, Edward, Esq., 894 ; Mary, 894.
Joubert, Sergeant (French), 710.
Journalist, the first English, 837.
Joy, M. , 2, 933.
Judde, Alice, 1012; Sir Andrew, 839,
868, 1012, 1017.
Jugge, Richard, stationer, 991.
Juke, Anthonv, merehant-taUor, 304.
"Justice Shallow," 818, 992, 996.
" Andrew Juxe " (Judde ?), 975.
Juxon, John, 933 ; John, merchant-tailor,
305, 390 ; Raphe, 1000 ; Thomas, gro-
cer, 1000 ; Thoma.s, 228, 390, 933, 934;
Bishop William, 933, 1000.
Kalbfleisch. Mr. Charles H., xvi ; his li-
brary, 181, 182, 242, 280, 284, 295,
323, 337, 360, 421, 428, 478, 558, 600,
612, 621,^623, 746, 797.
Kay, or Kaye, Dorothy, 846; Robert,
846 ; , 1054.
Kebel, Alice, 827.
Kecoughtan, 158, 490, 504; Kequough-
tan, 782 ; Kekataugh, 187 ; Keeketan,
1060 ; Kicowtan, 1025 ; Kicquotan,
1034 ; Kicoughton, 924.
Keightley. See Ketley.
Keile, Sir John, 545, 934.
Keith. See Keth.
Kelke, Sir Charles, 211, 934.
Kellaway (see Callaway), Agnes, 880;
Ann, 897 ; Sir William, 897.
Kelly, Elizabeth, 898 ; John, 898.
Kelway (see Kellaway), Anne, 912;
Mary, 856 ; Robert, 912.
/
INDEX.
1107
Kempe, Anne, 1001 ; Emmeline, 996 ;
Mary, 879 ; Sir Nicholas, 8S1 ; Rey-
nold, 814 ; Robert, 769 ; Sir Thomas,
879, 1001 ; Sir WiUiam, 99(5.
Kendall, Abraham, 15, 2o, 934 ; Edwin,
r).'")7, 9ol; ('apt. George, 77, l'>8, 167,
934 ; Gilnior S., 4.">2 ; John, 996 ; Miles,
9;J4 ; Mr. , 984.
Keneridgeburg-, Richard, gent., 223, 984.
Kennebeck River, 191, 460, 588, 535 ;
Kinib^que, 533, 534 ; Sagadahoc, 14(),
191, 193-195, 428, 433, 460, 533, 567,
942.
Kensington, 179, 654, 862, 979; Lord.
See Henry Rich.
Kent, 62, 180, 470, 772.
Kent, Henry, 804, 934.
Kent Island, 888, 1058.
Kenton, Dr. Henry, 27.
Kerrell, or Kerrill (see Carril), John,
468, 771 ; Richard, 216, 935.
Kerry, , 1054.
Keth, Keith, Rev. George, .557, 934.
Ketley, Keightley, Thomas, 224, 842,
934.
Kettell, Ellen, 905.
Kettleby, John, gent, 228, 934; John,
Esq., 546.
Key, John, merchant tailor, 305.
Keyle, Mr. , stationer, 292.
Keymis, Capt Lawrence, author, 23, 934,
977.
Kighley, Anne, 847 ; Henry, 847.
Kiiligrew, Anne, 956 ; Dorothy, 998, 999 ;
Elizabeth, 828, 984 ; Henry, author,
935; Sir Henry, 956, 999; Margaret,
898 ; Sir Robert, 828 ; Sir Robert, 93,
211, 282, 466, 934. 935, 944; Thomas,
author, 985 ; Sir William, author, 985 ;
Sir William, 823, 934.
Killultagh, Viscount. — Edward Con-
way.
Kimbolton MS., 33, 94, 496, 549, 599,
645, 790, 796, 802, 824, 875, 952, 975,
978, 979, 982.
Kine. See Cattle.
King, Anne, l()8o; George, 1086 ; Bishop
John, author, 610, 845, 935, 9()8, 1044;
Capt. John, 467, 547, 935, 957 ; Ralph,
219, 469, 771, 935 ; Rufus, 707 ; Capt.
William, 219; Capt. William, 888;
Capt. William, 941 ; Capt. , 329,
935.
Kingdon, Mr. J. A , xvii, 250, 562.
Kingsley, Charles, 972.
Kingsmill, Bridget, 902 ; Katherine, 960 ;
Sir R., 902 ; William, Esq., 960.
Kingston. See Kyngston.
Kingston-upon-HuU, 85.
Kinistone, Ellis, 168.
Kinsale, 882, 84:3, 899.
Kirby, .Jeffrey, grocer, 590; John, raer-
ciiant-tailor, 8U4.
Kirkam, Robert, 390 ; Walter, Esq , 546,
985.
Kirke, Capt. David, 841, 946; George,
1004.
Kirkhaven, Kirchhoven, etc., Charles H.,
104!) ; John P., 1040.
Kirrill. Sde Kerrell.
Kirton, Josias, gent., 218.
Kiskaick. S,;e Chescheak, 504.
Knaresborough. See Keneridgeburg.
Knatchbull, John, 997, 1011 ; Mary, 996.
Knevet, Catherine, 844 ; Catherine, 927,
928, 978 ; Sir Henry, 844 ; Sir Hem-y,
927, 928, 978 ; Lord, 120.
Knight, Ma.ster John, 64 ; Robert, fish-
monger, 281 ; Mr. , stationer, 298;
, Esq., 953.
Knightley, Richard, 803, 935, 981;
Thomas, Esq., 935 ; Sir Valentine, 466,
■54^3 935
Knights in the Va. Co., 52, 53, 210-212,
264, 809, 466, 467, 542-545, 571, 574,
803-805.
Knolles, Richard, historian, 1007.
KuoUys, Knolles, etc., Anne, 1045 ; Cath-
erine, 1046 ; Jane, 1054 ; Joan, 1022 ;
Sir Francis, 935, 1045, 104(), 1054;
Capt. Francis, 16,935, 1045, 1046 ; Hen-
ry, Esq., 960; Lettice, 960: Lettice,
8'77, 882, 1045, 104() ; Robert, 1046;
Robert, 10.58; William, 1022; Wil-
liam Lord, 542, 677, 679, 686, 928, 935,
1U45, 1046, Port, 621.
Knowles, Thomas, 221.
Knowle- Park, 772.
Knox, Rev. John, reformer, 9.39.
" Kocoum, a captain called," 967.
Kymages, 829, 880.
Kyngston, Kingston, Felix, stationer, 279,
298, 294, 559, 609, 612, 684, 765.
Kynnersley, Henry, merchant-tailor, 304.
Laconia, 903.
Lad, Thomas, 894.
Ladies in the Va. Co., 467, 542.
Lafuente, Fray Diego de (Spaniard), 816,
886, 900.
Laguna, Marquis de la (Spaniard), 622.
Lake, Sir Arthur, 979; John, 518; Sir
Thomas, 635, 851, 871-873, 899, 935,
936, 1058.
Lakes, 81, 88; Salt Lake, 793.
Lambert, Sir Oliver, 122.
Lambeth Palace Library, xvii, 140, 141,
170, 171, 786, 823, 848.
La Mothe F^nelon (French), diplomat,
916.
Lancaster Countv, Va., 802.
Lancaster, Sir James, 22, 23, .388, 574,
936 ; Judith, 1056 ; Roger, 1056.
Land-marks, 780.
Landowners, or first landed gentry of
Virginia, 549, 550, 774, 777-779, 7!'8
(see Shareowners) ; shares of land in
Virginia, 549, 5.50, 762, 774-779 ; lands
to be granted in Virginia, 62, ()8, 68,
230, 253, 273, 274, 549, 550, 798 (see
1108
INDEX.
shares in Virginia); "division of the
country," 702, 775, 777-771), 798; pub-
lic lands, 873. See Commissioners for
dividing the lands.
Land office of Virginia, 91.
Land of Virginia, 15(3, 286, 315. See
Virginia.
Landman, Christopher, 468, 936 ; John,
804, mn
Land's End, 461, 489.
Lane, Henry, 908 ; Sir Ralph, 936 ; Capt.
Ralph, 14, 15, 19, 793, 794, 908, 936,
1002, 1041, 10."il ; William, merchant-
tailor, 304 ; William, merchant-tailor
of Paterno.ster Row, 305.
Langam, Langham, Capt. George, 680,
936.
Langiey, Jolin, fishmonger, 281 ; John,
809.
Langton, Langston, Jane, 825 ; Thomas,
936 ; Thomas, 390, 936.
Languet, Hubert (French), 1002.
Lansdowne, Lord. See Grenville.
Lansdowne MS. , 36, 37.
Large, Robert, fishmonger, 282.
Larkin, , 1057.
La Saussaye. See Saussaye.
Las Casas. See Casas.
Latham, Peter, gent., 217, 936.
Latin, documents in, 145, 146, 700-706.
Latitude, 81.
Laud, William, Archbishop of Canter-
bury, 811, 846, 890, 921, 946, 985,
10.58.
Laudonni^re (Huguenot), 4, 5, 908.
" Laughing King " (Indian), 99(i.
Laughton, Langton, etc., John, 391 ;
Thomas, fishmonger, 21(5, 280.
Laurence, Lawrence, Elizabeth, 893;
John, 93(5 ; Matthew, 893 ; Sir Oliver,
893 ; William, 804, 936.
Law, Mr. , stationer, 293 ; Matthew,
stationer, 312, 1(J61.
Laws, etc., of the Colony and Company of
Virginia, 192, 321, 372, 377, 461, 528-
530, 771, 801 ; of nations, 39, 674, 675 ;
martial, 23(5, 320, 801 ; pertaining to
laws, or lawyers : Bernard's Inn, 27 ;
candlemas term, 608 ; in capite, 779 ; in
chancery, 623-(i31, 655; civil causes,
70; civil matters, 235 ; constitution, 91-
95; courts of the Va. Co., vii:-ix, 549,
550; depositions, 730; draconic code,
529 ; Gray's Inn, 678 ; Inns of Court,
604; judges, 55(J ; judgment, 69; ju-
dicial proceedings, 70; jury, trial by,
69; law and vei-tue, 605; license, ■>2 ;
Lincoln's Inn, ()04, 781 ; magistrates,
271, 301 ; Middle Temple, (i()4; of-
fenses, 68; offenders, 70, 5(»(); pardon.
69; penalties, (il, (58 ; Persian laws,
261 ; recorders, vii ; socage-tenure, 77'.' ;
suit-at-law, 550, ()l:3-63l ; tenure, 779;
Teni])le, 37^). See Advice, Agreement,
Articles, Burgesses, Charters, Councils,
Evidence, Government, Instructions,
Orders, Ordinances, Parliament, State,
etc. See, also, the following lawyers :
Archer, Atkinson, Bacon, Baker, Sir
John Bennet, Robert Berkley, Bing,
Bingiey, Sir John Bouchier, Christo-
pher Brooke, Brooker, Bullock, Cae-
sar, Canner, Sir George Carew, Carvil,
Coke, Connock, Coppin, Coventry,
Crew, Sir J. Davis, feir D. Digges,
Doderidge, Draper, Dunn, A. and R.
Dyot, Egerton, Evelin, Evvens, W. Fer-
rar. Sirs H. and J. Finch, R. Freeman,
Fuller, Gates, Gee, Gentilis, Sir H. Gil-
bert, Hakewill, Thomas Hanham,
Heale, Heath, E. Herbert, Heron, L.
and N. Hide, Hobart, Hoskins, Irby,
Thomas James, E Johnson, Sir Wil-
liam Jones, John and Ricliard Martin,
May, Montague, J. and J. More, C.
Perkins, Percivall, E. and R. Phel-
lipps. Sir W. Poole, Alexander and Sir
John Popliam, Puckering, Sandys, Se-
bright, Selden, Shelley, J. Smith of
Nibley, Robert Stevens, Thomas Stile,
Strachey, Sutton, Tanfield, Tate, Lew-
is Tresham, Wale, Thomas Walker,
Walter, Warre, David Waterhouse,
John White, Williamson, WoUey, J.
and T. Wroth.
Lawson, Capt. Thomas, 417, 492, 937;
Thomas, gent., 228; William, mercer,
21(5, 938.
Layton, Sir Thomas, 844.
Leake, Mr. , stationer, 292.
Learned professions, xiv. See Doctors,
Lawyers, and Ministers.
Lease, Jane, 974 ; Thomas, 974 ; Vincent,
974.
Leate, Leake, Huet, 937 ; Nicholas, 11,
388, 469, 548, 574, 766, 937, 982, Pcni.,
631 ; Richard, 937.
Leavat. See Lever.
Lee, Lea, Leigh, Ley, Anne, 851 ; Charles,
24, 27, 937, 1007; Dr. Edward (1482-
1544), 1031 ; Sir Francis, 4(56, 543,
937 ; Sir Francis Henry, 989 ; Henry,
218, 937; Sir Henrv, 844, 8.55; Sir
Henry, Jr., 982: Sir Henry, 1003;
Hugh, 249, 509, 937 ; Sir James (Ley),
900, 102(5, 1027; Sir Oliffe, 27, 937;
Richard, Esq , 546 ; Sir Robert, 545 ;
Sir Robert, Lord Mavor, 851 ; Gen.
Robert E., 825, 888; iSidney L., 811;
Sir Thomas, Lord Mayor, 937.
Leech, Mr. , 921.
Leeds, Sir Thomas. 4(56, 544, 937.
Lefroy's History of the S. I , 416.
Lefroy's Memorials of the Bei-mudas,
41(5, .557, 7(!0, 774.
Legate, John, gent., 467, 547, 937 ; Capt.
John, 64, 101, 122, 138, 139, 1033;
Thomas, 1033.
Legh, Gerard, author, 1046.
Leicester, 735, 737.
INDEX.
1109
Leicester. Eails of. — Robert Dudley and |
Robert Sidney.
Leiyb (see Lee), Alice, 882 ; Francis,
E;irl of Chicbester, itoT ; Jobn, Esq.,
DoT ; Sir Jobn, 'J2!); Sir Tiiomas. tl2'.» ;
Sir Thomas, Baronet, 88- ; Sir Tbomas
(i03!)-i()T7), !•;;•.
Lembri. See Lymbry.
Le Moine (see Moyne), Jacques (Hugue-
not), 5, 101)1.
Le Moine, of Dieppe (French), 712.
Lemon, Sir Jobn, Lord Mayor, 94o.
Lemos. Count (Spaniard), lOO, 101, 144,
937, 938.
LeNeve"s, Knights, 965.
Lennard. Lennad, Leonard, Capt. Greg-
ory, 10(54 ; Henry Lord Dacre, 1004 ;
Sir Samuel, 407, o-io, 938.
Lenox, Duke of. — Ludovic Stuart.
Lenox, Mr. James, 590, 780; Library,
181. 477, 000, 740.
Leo, Jobn, '' a More," 970.
Leppington, Lord. — Robert Carey.
Lerma, Duke of (Spaniard), 196, 260,
509-511, 850, 938, 907.
Lescarbot, Mark (Huguenot), author,
32:J. 725.
Let, Richard, 221.
Letters, to be sent away from Virginia
only with the aj^proval of the governor,
398, 399 ; Indians not able to " conceive
the force of wi-iting of letters," 791,
792 ; to or from. See A-ibbot, Acqua-
viva. Archer, Argall, Arostegui, Bal-
thazar, Barlee, Biard, Biondi, Carew,
Carleton, Cecil, Challenge, Chamber-
laine, "circular letters," ''cities,"
"companies," "corporations," "com-
mittees," Connvallis, Cottington, Coun-
cils of England. Spain, and the Vii^inia
Colonies, Crasbaw, Customs Officers,
Dale, Digby, " Dutchman," Edmondes,
Evelyn, '" Excellent Lady," Gondomar,
Gorges, Gough, Hawes, Heraidds, How-
ard, Hughes, Lake, Lee, Lerma, Lord
Mayors, Lorking, Louis XIH., Mat-
thew, Middleton, Mocket, Molina,
Monke, Montmorency, Moore, Moryson,
Newport, Pedrasti-a, Pereda, Percy,
Perkins, Philip IIL, Plymouth, Pop-
ham, Pory, Puckering, RatclifPe, Ra-
legh, Roe, Rolfe, Sanchez, Sandwich,
Sandys, Saville, Smith, Smytbe, Som-
ers, Stallenge, '' States General." Straeh-
ey, Anne (Queen), Henry (Prince), and
James (King), Stuart, Talbot, Tindall,
Towns (pp. 7')0, 761), Treasurer, etc.,
of Virginia, Velasco, Warner, Weld,
West (Lord De la Warr). Whitaker, Wil-
son, Winwood, Wriothesley, and Zufiiga.
Levant, 8.59, 1024 ; pirates, 917, 942,985.
See Turkey.
Lever, Leavat, Leverat, Heth, 8l?>;
Thomas, 813; Thomas, 219, 468, 771,
938.
Leverat, , 9.^.
Leveson. Levison, Sir John, 467, 543,
938 ; Richard, 802, 938 ; Sir Richard,
951 ; Mr. , 388.
Levett. Levette, Christopher, 938 ; John,
merchant, 228, 938.
Lewellin. Morris, 222, 938, 982.
Lewin, William, 897.
Lewis, Hon. E. P. C, x\-i ; Edward, grocer,
222, 938 ; Elizabeth, 1054 ; William, 391.
Lewknor. See Lukin.
Ley (see Lee), Sir James, 900, 1026, 1027.
Libraries. See Archives of Simancas,
Spain ; Ashmole's Museum, London ;
S. L. M. Barlow, New York ; Marquis
of Bath, England ; Bodleian, London ;
J. Carson Brevoort, New York ; Biit-
ish Museum, London ; Carter-Brown,
Rhode Island ; Lord Charlemonts, Dub-
lin ; Congress, Washington, D. C. ;
Charles Deane, Mass. ; Drake, Eng-
land ; Grenville collection, London ;
Harvard, Mass. ; Hatfield, England ;
Huth collection, London ; Lnperial. at
Paris ; Jesuit archives, at Rome : Kalb-
fleisch. New York ; Lambeth Palace,
London ; Lenox, New York ; Duke of
Manchester, London ; Massachusetts
Hist. Society ; New York Hist. Society ;
Society of Antiquaries, London ; Vir-
ginia State Librarv.
Lichfield. Nicholas, Esq., 546, 938, 949.
Liddiott, George, merchant-tailor, 307.
I.,igon (see Lygon), Cicely, 901, 902;
William, 992.
Lilly, Joseph, the astrologer, 951.
Limits of the Spanish possessions in
America, 669-075.
Lincoln, Countess of, 1045.
Lincoln, Earl of. — Henry Clinton.
Lincoln, Grant, 981.
Lindesev, Lindsev, Earl of, 962 ; Capt.
Richard, 213, 938.
Lisbon, Portugal, 19, 101, 137, 138, 249,
472, 511, 531, 589, 592, 606, 607, 609.
Lisle, Viscount. — Robert Sidney.
Lists of patrons, 209-228, 280-282, 292,
293, 303-;^07, 387-391, 465-469, 542-
.549, 594, 770, 771, 796, 797. 802-805.
Little Powhatan. See Taux-Powhatan.
Littlefield, Edward, 219.
Littleton. John, Esq., 992.
Litton, Lvtton. Lord, 938 ; Sir Rowland,
93S; William, Esq., 546, 655, 938.
Lizard, The. 141.
Llovd, David, historian, 906, 1040 ; Capt.
Edward, 213.
Lloyd. See Floyd.
Lobel, Matthew," botanist, 1066.
Lock, Locke, Lok, Jobn, the philosopher,
939; Michael, author, 8, 897, 939;
Michael, 840, Rose, reformer, 939; Sir
William, 919, 939.
Lodge, Francis, 804, 938; Luke, 223,
892, 938 ; Peter, 804, 938 ; Sir Thomas,
1110
INDEX.
4, 839, 939 ; Dr. Thomas, poet, 21, 939 ;
Timothy, fishmonger, li81.
Lodge's Life of Sir Julius Caesar, 813,
840 ; Illustrations of British History,
12, 321 ; Portraits, 84v, 849, 927, 928,
1063.
London, vi, xiii, 11, 36, 45, 46, 51-54, 85,
88, 97, 102, 106, 110, 116, 118, 126,
141, 147, 152, 172, 175, 197, 208, 209,
240, 241, 250-254, 265, 279, 280, 283,
294, 296, 308, 312, 314-316, 329, 337,
338, 356, 357, 359, 360, 873, 383, 388,
391, 418-420, 439, 440, 445, 455, 469,
473, 474, 494-496, 523, 526, 528, 532,
537, 559, 560, 562, 571, 572, 576, 595,
601, 602, 610-612, 621, 631, 633, 635,
637, 638, 645, 656-659, 667, 675, 676,
678-680, 684-687, 697, 705, 722-725,
735, 737, 746-748, 756, 759, 761, 765-
767, 769, 771-774, 780-782, 784, 791,
811-1070, passim ; Archers of, 924 ;
artillery, 831, 909; Bank of England,
910, 1031 ; Banquetting- House, 678 ;
Bernard's Inn, -6 ; Billingsgate, 30 ;
Blackfriars, 747 ; Blewe Anchor Tav-
erne, 30 ; Booksellers (see Stationers),
495; " Britaines Burse," 595, 1054;
Burbage's Company, 637 ; Burleigh
House, 850 ; citizens of, 4()8, 469, 547,
548, 571 ; Cope Castle, 179, 862, 979 ;
Durham House, 179 ; Exeter House,
206, 850 ; Fenchurch Street, 747 ; Fil-
pot (see Philpot) Lane ; fire of 1666, ix,
2-50, 571 (see under Russia Company) ;
Fleet Street, 791 ; Gate House, 610 ;
Globe Theatre, 637 ; Gray's Inn. 678 ;
Guilds (see Companies) ; Herald's Col-
lege, 3il8, 3(19 ; Holland House (see
Cope Castle) ; Inns of Court, r)t)4 ; Ken-
sington, 179, 654, 862, 979 ; Lincoln's
Inn, 604 ; Londoners, 769 ; London
Derry, 611; Lyceum Theatre, 851;
Mermaid Club, 945, 1061 ; Middle Tem-
ple, 604 ; New Bourse, 179 ; Newgate,
767 ; Notes and Queries, Vtl6, 1027 ;
Old Jewry, 57 1 ; Pageant, 667 ; Philpot
Lane, 248, 439, 445, 465, 7<i4. 1014;
Precepts, 254. 277, 324 ; Public Record
Office, 115 ; Royal Exchange, 7li7. 860 ;
St. Dunston's churchyard, 791 ; St.
Mary Cole Church, 571, 572 ; St. Mary
Wool Church, 572 ; St. Saviour's, South-
wark, 282, 283, 1029; St. Sepulchre,
319, 7<>7 ; Temple, 373; Temple Bar,
604; Thames, 82, 251, 583; Tower,
358, 774; Trained B.and. 831, 937,
1012; Wellington Street, 851 ; White
Chappel, 282, 283, 287 ; Wood Street
counter, 1048. See British Museum,
Companies, Hampton, Highgate, Libra-
ries, London, Aldermen of, Lord May-
ors, Lotteries, Merchants, Parliament,
Paul's Church, or St. Paul's, Society of
Antiquaries, Stationers' Hall, Virginia,
Westminster, White Hall.
London, aldermen of, 252, 253. See Ab-
bot, Abdy, Allen, Barkham, Barnes,
Bateman, Bolles, Bond, Campbell,
Chester, Cletheroe, Cockayne, Cordell,
Cotton, Craven, Deane, Freeman, Ger-
rard. Gore, Hamersley, Hansford, Hay-
don, Hayward, Heron, Hicks, Hodges,
Humble, Johnson, Jones, Lodge, Mar-
tin, Middleton, Mildniay, Norton,
Parkhurst, Plumer, Pyott, Rainton,
Romney, Rotherara, Slany, Smiths,
Soame, Spencer, Staplers, Stile, Venn,
Watts, Weld, Whitmore, and Wollas-
ton.
London in 1616, drawn by Visscher,
frontispiece to vol. ii., showing the
bridge with the traitors' heads, Burley
House, various churches. Fishmongers'
Hall, Guild Hall, Leaden Hall, St.
Paul's, The Tower. White Hall, etc. ;
Southwark, the Globe, the Swan, etc. ;
and the Thames, with the earliest
known rej)resentation of a royal pro-
cession by water ; the notorious float-
ing place of entertainment and resort
for the gallants, alluded to by Ben
Jonson, called the Galley Fuste ; ships,
etc.
Londonderry, Earl of. — Thomas Ridge-
way.
Long" Island, 707, 8S12.
Longitude. 81.
Longmans & Co., 416.
Longston (see Langton), Thomas, grocer,
558, 591, 686.
Lopez. Franciseus (Snaniard), 18.
Lord Mayors of London, 99, 210, 250,
252-254, 257, 306, 324, 326, 667, 688,
690, 740, 773; Pageant. ()67. precepts,
254, 277, 324. See Abbott, Barkham,
Barnes, Bolles, Campbell, Cletheroe,
Cockayne, Cotton, Craven, Deane, Free-
man, Garwaj". Gore. Hamersly. Jones,
Lee, Lemon, Middleton, Paikhurst,
Rainton, Rov.e, Soame, Venn, Watts,
Weld and Whitmore.
Lords. See Parliament, and Peers.
Lorkin. Rev. Thomas, 637, 697, 734, 736,
COO, 9iJ6, 939, 999, 1014.
Lotteries for sustaining the colony of
Virginia, 537, 538, 551-553, 555, 558,
560, 5(n, 568, 570-572, 575, 591, 592,
594, 608, 633, 634, ()61, 681, 684, 685,
687, 690,691, 760-765, 768, 769, 773,
852, 878, 940, 1005.
Articles for the second Lottery, 571 ;
blanks, 764, 765 ; " Booke called ye
Lotterie," 571 ; "A booke or thiuge
called the Publicacon of the Lottery
for Virginia, ' ' 538, 555 ; books, broad-
sides, etc., in behalf of, 538, 555, 558,
571, 608, 684, 761-766; crownes, 764,
765 ; differing of, 558 ; drawings of,
568, 570, 571, 773; letters in behalf of,
555, 685, 686, 688, 760, 761 ; lots, 769 ;
IXDEX.
1111
posies. 705 ; prices, or prizes, 70-3-7<')-) ;
salt-cellar, 5i*;)-5'.)"2 ; spoons, r)72, IM ;
venturers in: city companies. 5()i), 5()1,
5i«>-5ii:i, f;.S7, (J'.HJ, 7'.ll ; churches, 571,
57- ; towns, 7')S, T'lii ; ministers, like
Chaderton ; politicians, like Sir Dud-
ley Digg-es ; officials, like Lukin ; law-
yers and M. P.'s, like John Smith of
Pi ibiG V etc etc*
Louis XIII. of France (1610-1043), 004,
700, 707, 713, 723, 729, 732, 733, 757,
sir>. 980.
Louisiana, 1020.
Love, Joane. 1057; John, 1057; Thomas.
34, 939, 042.
Lovel, Lord, 004.
Lovelace, Col. Francis, 040 ; Mabel, 80 >,
03 1, 040; Richard, poet, 040; Sir
Richard, 545, 939. IO-'jI ; Capt. Wil-
liam, 213, S()0, 939, 940; Sir Williain,
545, 708, 818, 939.
Low, Lowe, George (see Law), stationer.
7S); Mary, 050; Vincent, 224; .Sir
Thomas. !>.50.
Low Countries. See United States of Hol-
land and the Netherlands.
Low Country Wars. 15, 17. See list of
of officers under Protestantism.
Lower. Thomas. Esq., 940 ; Sir William,
460, .544, 910.
Lownes. Humphrey, stationer, 202, 781 ;
Matthew, stationer, 270, 2Si) ; William,
203 ; Master , 781 ; Master War-
den (1012), stationer, 538.
Lucar, Cyprian, 1031; Emmanuel, 1031.
Lucv, Lucv, 850; Sir Thomas ("Justice
Shallow'"), 818, 850, 002, 990; Sir
Thomas, 006.
Ludwell, Lucy, &88 ; Philip, 805, 903;
Thomas, 805.
Lukin, Lewknor, Edward, 771, 940, 982 ;
Sir Edward, 05(3 ; Edwin, gent, 223,
4«)8, 0S2 ; , 03, 237.
Lulls, Arnold, 218, 940.
Lumley. John. Lord. 925.
Luiisford. Sir Thomas, 100.5,
Lusher, Richard, lawyer, 840.
Lygon. See Ligon.
Lymbrye, Francis (an English spy in the
ser\'ice of Spain), 5U7, 50t)-522, 050,
().53, 003, 702, 730, 741, 743, 782, &S8 ;
Lembri. 510, 526; Maestro Antonio,
510, 524, 52.5.
Lyme Regis, 302, .547.
Lyson"s Environs of London, 909.
Lyte, Dorothy, 817; John, 817.
Lytton. See Litton.
"Mr. D[oetor]. M." See Mocket.
Mace. Capt. Samuel, 20, 077.
Macham, Samuel, stationer, 241.
Machell, John of London, 078 ; John of
Virginia, 100."j ; Sarah, 1005,
Machumps. 18.") ; Memchumps, 498.
Macklyn, Robert, 20.
Macock (see Maycott), Capt Samuel, 040,
Maddison, Madison, Capt. Isaac, surveyor,
400, 401, 782, 033, 940; President
James, 040 ; Mary, 033.
Maddox, Thomas, .S04, 940; Rev. Mr.
, " licensed to preach in all the
world," S40.
Madrid, Spain, 115, 120, 144, 183, 200,
3.S7. 309, 427, 451, 472, 470, 509, 522,
530, 533, 530, 537, 539, 553, 550, 560,
561, 577, 588, 592, .593, 606, 609, 610,
621, 631-636, 6.56-658, 662, 667, 668,
(i07.
Magazine of American Historv, 421, 589.
Magellan, <i71, 8.^4, 017 ; Ciudad del Rey
Philippe, (i71 ; Nombre de Jesus, .071.
Maguel. Francisco (Irish), 393-399, 418,
4.>7, 940, 1U35 ; Maguer, Francis (Irish),
940.
Maguire, Hugh, Lord Fermanagh, 990.
Maliomet III. (1.59.5-1003), 1000.
Maine, 191, 070, 903, 1039, 1040; His-
torical Society, 14. See Annapolis,
Argall's Bay, Atlantic, Biddeford,
Capes. Emetenic, Forts, Islands, Ken-
nebec, Laconia, Mount Desert, New
England. Penduis. Phipp.sburg, Port
Royal, Rivers, Sabino, Sagadahoc, St.
George, etc.
Mainwaring. See Manwaring.
Maise. See Corn.
Mallet, Sir John. 04. 940, 009.
Mallory, Sir John, 211, 940 ; Sir William,
940.
Malouins Indians, 5.33
Maltbv, Christopher, 833 ; Jane, 833.
Man, Mr Joseph, 079 ; Mr. , 982 ;
Mr. , Junior. 982. See Mann.
Managers. See Founders, and Virginia
London Co. of, organization.
Manakin (see Monacans), 187.
Manchester, Duke of, 33; Records, 04,
490, 407, 790, 802, 952, 979. See Kim-
bolton, MS.
Manchester, Earl of. — Henry Montague.
Mandeville, Viscount. — Henry Montague.
Manedo, 114; manido, 50; mannido, 127.
Mann, Mr. , the elder, stationer, 292.
Mannering. See Manwaring.
Manners, Gertrude, 103.) ; Thomas, Earl
of Rutland, 1030.
Mansell, Mansfield, Sir Edward, 941, 042 ;
Sir Lewis, 1004 ; Sir Robert, author,
etc., 93, 210, 232, 318, 384, 38S, 405,
466, 474, 574, 640, 748, 75.-J, 770, 803,
816, 837, 901, 917, 930, 941, 942, 94!,
957, 96(), 9S(), 9'>!2, 088, 1032; Sir
Thomas, 40(1. .",43. 942, 1004, 1070.
Manuel. See Maguel.
Manwaring. Mainwaring, Mannering, Sir
Arthur, 4(i7. 543, 028, (]30, 803. 870,
940; Capt. Arthur, 942; Sir Henry,
author and pirate, 804. 940. 941, OcSO,
io.:o.
Manwood, Manliood, Anne. 014; Sir
1112
INDEX.
Peter, 210, 232, 406,942; Sir Roger,
author, 914, 942.
Mapes, Francis, 217, 942.
Maplesden, Richard, 219, 468, 771, 942.
Maps and drawings, or draughts, l(j, 45,
151, 184-190, 203, 323, 324, 330, 4.37-
461, .521, 596, 597, 600, 670, 676, 718,
745, 751, 779, 780; draught of Vir-
ginia, 151 ; draughtsmen, 780, 1051 ;
drawing, 596 ; engineers, 682 ; engraved
maps, 780, 1051; engraving, 596, 1051;
landmarks, 780 ; legend, 459 ; original
names, 780 ; plan of Fort St. George,
190-194; "a plan or map of all that
he could discover," 457. See Charts,
Surveyors, Surveys, etc
Maps, charts, etc., makers of. See
Archer, Argall, Borough, Cabots,
Champlaine, Claiborne, Dudley, Va.
Ferrar, Hood, Hudson, Hunt, James,
Kendall, Madison, Menendez, Norwood,
Powell, Pring, Ridgeway, Roe, Smith,
Tyndall, White, Wright, etc
Marble Rocke, 435.
Marbury, Anne, 10.39.
March. See Marsh. Mares. See Horses.
Mada-Henrietta (French), 848.
Mariners, 37, 38, 84, 251, 271, 493; Mir-
rour, 817 ; maiitirae power of England,
268. See Naval Affairs and Ships.
" Marius, Adrianus," 9J:3.
Markham, Valentine See Bookkeeper.
Markham's Fighting Veres, 17, 959, 1038.
Marlborough, Duke of, 1017.
Marler (Marlow ?), Walter, reformer,
942 ; Walter, 20, 825, 942, 943.
Marnix. See Saint Aldegonde.
Marriages, Prince Henry and Spain, 387 ;
Princess Elizabeth and the Palgrave,
()<!4, 60(^ 610; Princess Elizabeth and
Philip in., 1( ()7; Princess Pocahontas
and John Rolfe, 743, 746, 747, 751, 789,
1050.
" Marrie not with Infidels," 290.
" Marry the Salvages," 572, 632.
Marriot, John, stationer, 791.
Marsden, John, merchant-tailor, .306.
Marsh, John, 221 ; Roger, merchant-tai-
lor, 304.
Mar.ston, John, poet, 29, 31.
Martin, Martyn, Christopher, 804, 909,
943, 9<i4; Dorcas, 824; Dorcas, 840,
945 ; Dorcas, 944 ; Capt. John, lawyer,
1(), 76, 77, 108, 178, 182, 214, 329, 334,
408, 598, 773, 821, 824, 825, 840, 913,
943, 944. 945, 1007, 1032, 1047 ; John,
gent., 167, 943, 944; Sir Richard, 8,
840, 94.]. 944, 945 ; Richard, Esq., law-
yer, author, etc., 225, 427, 4(57, 549, 594,
6()(), ()92, 694-697, 748, 770, 864, 875,
945, 999, Fort, 641 ; Richard, 944 ;
Thomas, 20, 944 ; Thomas, gent., 547,
945.
Martin's Brandon, 943; Martin's Hun-
dred, 945.
Martvr, Peter (lalian), 18, 81, 939, 976.
Mary Queen of England (1689-1694), 923.
Maryland, 817, 842, 863, 888, 892, 911,
1056, 1058 ; Virginia and (tract), 51.
See Calvert.
Maryland Assembly, Fleet, 892.
Mask of " Inns of Court," 604 ; of Flow-
ers, 678, 079.
Mason, Dorothea, 986, 987 ; George, 804,
945 ; Sir John, 1031 ; Capt. John, 903,
945, 1003 ; Capt. , 213, 945 ; Mary,
1081 ; William, fishmonger, 281.
Massachusetts, " Messachuset," 676, 90.3,
931, 950, 101:5, 1029, 1030, 1036, 1053,
1055, 1065 ; Bay, 194, 460, 1028, ; His-
torical Society, 238, 781 ; collections,
526, 558, 566, 963 ; library, 323 ; pro-
ceedings, vi, 114, 141, 191, 194, 238,
664, 730, 733, 980. See Atlantic,
Barnstable, Bays, Boston, Capes,
Charlestown, Forts, Harvard, Islands,
Maine, New England, Penguin, Penin-
sula, Plymouth, Rivers, Scituate, etc.
Massachusetts Company. See the follow-
ing members : Aldersey, Bateman,
Bellingham, Coventry, Freeman, Gor-
ges, Harvard, Harwood, J. Johnson,
Pelhams, Peters, Saltonstall, Stuarts,
Vassalls. H. Waller, T. Webbe, J.
Wliite, Wilson, Winthrop, Wynche, and
others. See New England Company
also.
Massacres : St. Bartholomew, 5, 1002 ; in
Florida, 1 7, 947 ; by the Indians in Vir-
ginia, 908, 913, 933, 940, 946, 971,
1011, 1031, 1032, 1034, 1042, 1043,
1047, 1054, K64 ; Maranhao, 768.
Masse, Father Ennemond (French Jes-
uit), 70(», 702, 715, 945.
Master of the Caravel (Siianiard), 515-
517, 521, -522.
Masts for ships, 37, 110, 265, 317, 340,
363, 482, 564.
Masulipatam, 873, 973.
Matahan (Indian), 761, Port., 701.
Matoaka (Indian), ^67. See Pocahontas.
Matthew (Martyr :'), Peter, 360.
Matthew, John, 945 ; Archbishop Tobias,
321, 945, 1051 ; Sir Tobie, 841, 945.
Matthews, Capt. Samuel, 963, 969, 1058,
1(5!)
Maud, Josiah, 224, 945.
Maunsell. Mounsell, Peter, 220, 408, 945,
946 ; Richard, 8i;4.
Maurice, of Nassau (1587-1625), 448,
872, 946, lOt.3, 1037, Port., v. See
United States of Holland, etc.
Maverick, Samuel, 194.
Mawditt, John, merchant-tailor. 304 ;
Otho, merchant-tailor, 215, 30(i, 946.
Mawooshen, 26.
Maximilian II.. Emperor of Germany
(1564-1576), father of Rudolph II.,
1002.
Maxwell, James, poet, 1026.
INDEX.
1113
Maxwell's Virginia Historical Register,
79U, i)!)o.
May, Mave, , 1 1 ; Edward, ix, 452,
40(5, SiiS ; Elizabeth, 'J2;i ; Henry, 23 ;
Sir Huniphrev, 54(3, 80:3, 'J22, 'J44,
948 ; Joan. '.122"; Richard. i>22, l»23, 'J4(3;
Mr. . ;iS2.
Maveott (st'e Maeock), Sir Christopher,
2I2, 4(50, 54.1. 943.
Maynard, Sir William, 544, 01)5, 946.
Maverne, Marv, 82U ; Dr. Theodore de,
82!).
Mayo, Rev. Charles Herbert, xvii ; Ed-
ward (see May), " Mavor," ix, 452-
454.
Mayott, Christopher, merchant - taUor,
305.
Mays. See Mease.
McMillan, Mr. H , 189.
Mc Williams, Henry, 1022 ; Margaret,
1022.
Mead, Meade, Francis, 877 ; Sir John,
903; Rev. Joseph, 821, 84-1, 1028;
Mary, 01)3; Bishop William, of Vu-
ginia, 82(5.
Meadows, Mediist, Rev. Dr. James, 212,
946, 982.
Mease, Mays, Rev. William, 782, 940.
Meautis, Mewtis. Frances, 948 ; Hercules,
863; Jane, 8(53, 948; Thomas, 948;
Capt. Thomas, 213, 943.
Medici, Mary de. Queen of France, 66 1,
707, 757, Oi)(), auto., 946.
Medina, Duke of (.Spaniard), 133, 134.
Medina - Sidonia, Duke of (Spaniard),
675.
Meetkerke. See Van Medkerke.
Melendez. See Menendez.
Melshawe, Mr. , 178.
Memchumps Sea Machumps.
Men sent to Virginia, etc., 443, 445, 451,
454, 474, 775, 778, 798.
Menefie, George, 913.
Menendez, Melendez (see Avil^s), Admi-
ral Pedro (Spaniard). 81, 793, 943;
948, 961, 9(57, 978; Pedro, 948, 961;
nephew to the admiral, 793, 94S.
Mercator, Gerard (Flemish geographer),
875, 918, 1061.
Mercers' Company of London, dealers in
silks, etc , 226, '250, 277, 442, 569, 823,
825, 857, 8.58, 862, 866, 891, 915, 922,
938, 981, 1045, 1061.
Merchant, Capt. John, 16.
Merchants, 1, 3, 0, .52, 53, 214-228. 250,
251, 255. 264, 267, 269, 271, 289, 326,
418, 44i), 464, 468, 469, .542, 547, 548,
574, 611, (361, (569, 076, 680, 681, 722,
723, 724, 767, 801, 803-805, 1026. See
Trades.
Merchant-Tailors' Company of London,
104, 226, 250, .302-308, 690, 691. See
Biographies, 829, 834, 857, 867, 885,
888, 891, 894, 901, 905, 908, 909, 913,
919, 924, 931-933, 946, 959, 961, 967,
971, 978, 983, 984, 1011, 1020, 1022,
1024, 1025, 1030, 1035, 10.55, 106J,
1(365.
Mercoeur, Duke de, of Lorraine, 1(K)7.
.Mercure Frantjoise, 142. 595, 596.
Mercury, Duke. See Mercoeur.
Meredith, Anne. 805; William, 391; Sir
William, 3(55.
Mern tt, Humfrey (Huguenot), 469, 548,
948
Merrick, Sir John, diplomat, etc.. 215,
388, 468, 770, 853, 854, 948 ; William,
948.
Merry, Sir Thomas, 546, 948.
Meteren, van, Dutch historian, 327, 338,
948.
Meverell, Francis, 958.
Mewtis. See Meautis.
" Mexico in New Spain, southward of
Nueva Galicia and Guiistecan," (5, 7,
27, (570, 793, 881, 91(5, 920, 930, 947,
971, 1(357; Campeche, 24, 001; Cape
Gracias-a-Dios, 880 ; Central America
(then included in Mexico), 934 ; Chiapa,
070; Colima, 070; Costaricas, 070; Da-
rien, 07(3 ; Guatimala, 67(3 ; Gulf of
Mexico, 670, 881 ; Honduras, (370, 901 :
Honduras Bay, 24 ; M ichuacan, 07(3 ;
Nicaragua, 670 ; Nonibre de Dios, 67(3,
075, 7.t2; Panama, 21, 22, 81, 070,
(372, 977; Pannania (Panama?), 792;
Porto Bello, or Puerto Bello, 25, 881,
934, 901; Sacatula, 670 ; (St. Barbe,
971) ; San Juan d'Ullua, 0; Soconuseo,
67<3 ; Vera Cruz, (5, 7, 5(38, 793, 947 ;
Veragiia, 670 ; Yucatan, 24, 670. See
Drake, Elfrith. Hawkins. Hortop, In-
gram, Kendall. Mjnendez. Parker,
Powhatan, Ralegh, Winwood. etc.
Mey, Cornells Jacobsen (Dutch), 956.
Michael (Romanoff), " Emperor of Mns-
covie" (1(51:3-104')), 0(5(5, 948.
Michelborne, Sir Edward, 27, 93, 210,
875, 948. 949
" Sir Miehell " . 112, 113.
Middlesex, Countess of, 965.
Middlesex, Earl of. — Lionel Cranfield.
Middlesex, 496.
Middle States, 1020.
Middleton, Francis. 804; Sir Hugh, 949;
John, Esq., 54(5, 938,949; Richard,
949; Robert, Esq., 219, 574, 949, 1061 ;
Sir Thomas, grocer, 212. 387, S>^S, 4(56,
557, 591. (567, (386, 6SS, 690, 803, 932,
949 ; Timothy. 932.
Midwinter Francis, 107-
Mildmav, Sir Henrv (three of them), 804.
913, 949,950, 982, 101(5, 10.55; Sir
Humfrey, 9-50; John, 950; Robert,
grocer, 225. 4(59, (587, 950 ; Thomas.
Esq., 407, 543, 950 ; Thomas, 050 ; Sir
Thomas, 9.50; Walter, 950; William,
950 ; •' The Mildmavs," 892.
Mllford Haven. 2(;, 721. 724.
Miller, Meller, Alexander, merchant-tai-
1114
INDEX.
lor, 804; James, 862; John, 548, 950;
Sir Robert, 4(5(5, 544, 95U, 1070.
Millet, William, grocer, 887, 889, 548,
.5v»J, 591, 950.
Mills, Capt. , 213.
Mineral Kingdom : Mineral belt (Appala-
chian), 10:^0; mineral men, 'z-ix), 858,
85(5, 470 ; rocks, 588.
Minerals, 82, 142, 265, 314, 564, 583, 776.
Mines, 239, 268, 269, 280, 395, 398, 425,
456, 482, 490, 505, ,520, 521, 583, 584,
684, mS, (542, 647, 648, 800, 950, lOOS.
Mining privileges, 2;i>4 ; allum water,
642 ; antimony, 482, 584 ; Appalachian
range, or system, 17, 584, lu20 ; bat-
tery works, 408; brass, 110; cristal,
142, 368, 5U5, 583 ; " Diamants," 89.:) ;
Ducktown copper mines, 1020; earth-
medicinal, (54^:; gems, 814; lead, 284,
482 ; lime-bnrners, 469 ; machinery,
398 ; marble rock, 485 ; raetal-fovind-
ers, 271 ; metalmen, 248 ; metals, 521 ;
red allum, 642 ; red earth, (542 ; rabies,
314 ; salt-stones, 185 ; kfrnith's forge,
492; steel, 817, 340, 349, 408, 5«4;
.stones, 208 ; terra sigillata, 584, 642 ;
tin, 284 ; tools, 642, 643, 742 ; treas-
ure, 395, 683, 792. See Brick, Copper,
Glass, Gold, Iron, and Silver. See,
also, Apothecaries, Goldsmiths, Iron-
mongers, and other city companies of
London.
Ministers, clergy, divines, preachers, 209,
212, 215, 221, 222, 2.55, 258, 2.59, 273,
290, 291, 301, 353, 356, 443, 4(54, 467,
468, 469, 499, 542, 545, 547, 572, 683,
690 ; polemical divines, 1029. See
Abbot, Andrews, Aylmer, Bancroft,
Barlow, Bargrave, Beilby, Bernard,
Boys, Bradford, Bradley, Bridges,
Buck, Burley, Carleton, Carew, Carey
(or Cary), Chaderton (or Chatterton),
Copland, Corbet, Crakenthorpe, Cran-
mer, Crashaw, Croft, Culverwell,
Dawes, Delaim, Donne, Duppa, Fenner,
Ferrar, Fox, Frake, Freake, Frith, Ful-
ler, Gaul, Glover, Goche, Gouge, Grant,
Haiward, Hakewill, Hakluyt, Hall,
Herbert, Herriek, Hooker, Hooper,
Horsmanden, Hughes, Hunt, Keith,
King, Johnson, Jones, Jnxon, Knox,
Laud, Lorkin, Maddox, Maicot, Mead,
Meade, Matthew, Meadows, Mease,
Mocket, Montague. Morton, Mountaine,
Parry, Pask, Pawlett, Pedder, Peters,
Poole, Price, Proctor, Purchas, Ravis,
Ridley, Robinson, Sandys, Seymour,
Sharpe, Shepard, Still, SutclifFe, Sv-
monds. Usher, Warburton. Washing-
ton, Whitaker, White. Whitgift, Wick-
ham, Williams, Wilson, and Wolsey.
See Objects, Protestantism, Sermons,
etc.
Mitch<;ll. Michell, Sir Bartholomew, 94,
950; Bartholomew, Esq., 1024; Ber-
nard, 223, 1070; Isaac, 223; Mary,
1U24.
Mockett, Master Doctor, author, 373, 730,
747, 864, 950.
Mogul, the Great, of India, 985, 1014.
Mole, Mr. , 982.
Moles, Capt. Henrv, 804, 950.
Molex, or Mutes, Philip, 804, 955.
Molina, Diego de, Spanish spy in Vir-
ginia, 507, 510-522, 524-526, 603, 622,
u39, 645, 646, 652, 654, 657-660, 663,
675, 681, 691, 7(2, 730, 737-740, 743,
74.5, 759, 782, 9."0.
Mollineux, Emmeric, 991.
Molyneux, Sir Richard, 897.
Momford. See Montford.
Momford's Point, CLVIII.
Mompesson, Sir Giles, 980.
Moiiacans, Indians, 187, 202.
'■ Monaghan," in Ireland, 1057.
Montkton, Sir John B., xvii.
Monger, James, gent., 219, 950.
Monhegan Island, 25, 191, 460, 880.
Monke. See Muncke.
Monmouth, Earl of. — Robert Carey.
Monocan, 1^-6.
Monopolists (see Protectionists). 270, 464,
465. 1017, 1C84.
Monsell. See Maunsell.
Monson, Sir John, i51 ; Sir Thomas, au-
thor, 210, 950, 951, 107(1; Sir William,
author, etc., 24, 210,418,4.55, 456,899,
951, 1067.
Montacute, Lady, 840.
Montague, Sir Edward, 952 ; Sir Edward,
952, 1001 ; Edward, 694, 982 ; Edward
Wortley, 1060 ; Sir Henry, author, etc.,
66, 92, 211, 232, 689, 951, auto., 952,
1001, 10.54, Port, 651 ; Bishop James,
translator, 2(9, 231, 606, 952, 1001,
Port., 661 ; Lady Mary Wortley, au-
thoress, 1000.
Monteagle, Lord. — William Parker.
Montford, Mountford, Momford, Thomas,
Esq., 217, 954.
Montgomery, E:irl of. — Philip Herbert.
Montjoy, Lord, 898, 1018.
Montmorencie, Henri de (French), 664,
665, 729, 952, 953 ; Henry, Duke of,
952.
Monts, Sieur de (Huguenot), 40, 278, 322,
5.34, 719, 727.
Monyngton, Richard, Esq., 546, 628, 630.
Moody, Edward, merchant-tailor. 304.
Moore, Nicholas, 804, 953 ; Capt. Thomas,
16, 329.
Moore, More, Adrian, 468. 953 ; Andrew,
217; Anne. 833, 880, 958; Elizabeth,
919; Elizabeth, 9-54; Francis. 919; Sir
George, Cm. 92, 173, 210, 859. 694, S08,
833, 880, 953 ; G. P., 452 ; John, Esq.,
214, 440, 526, 808, 953 ; John, Esq ,
214, 803, 953 ; John, 908 ; Alderman
John, 1033; McCarthy (Irish), 897;
Richard, stationer, 359 ; Richard, gov-
INDEX.
1115
emor of the Bermudas, 557, 001, 082,
750, 953 ; Sir Thomas, author, etc., 2,
,31, 9:^0,953,954, 978; William, 218;
Sir William, 953 ; Air. , 982 ; Mrs.
, 1U33.
Moore's Lalla Rookh, 985.
Morales, Pedro (Spaniard), 17.
Moray, Earl of. — James Stewart.
Mordant, Lewis, Lord. 942 ; Mary, 942.
Moreno, Licentiate Antonio (Spaniard),
648.
Morer, Moorer, Richard, 3S7, 389, 548,
771. 954, 982; Robert, grocer, 257,557,
.501, 59U, 591.
Moreton (see Morton), Ralph, gent., 217,
954.
Morgan, Anne, 1045, 1040; Sir Charles,
212, 954; Capt. Matthew. 10, 954,
1043; Sir Thomas, 1045, 1040; Wil-
liam, 34 ; Mr. . 773.
Morley, Edward, Lord, 920 ; Elizabeth,
998 ; James, 998.
Morocco, King of, 1000.
Morrall, Morrell, William, merchant-tai-
lor, 305.
Morris, Morrice, Edward, 107 ; Francis,
918; Thomas, 217, 954; "My brother
Morris and his wifs," 412.
Morrison, Moryson, Lstitia, 954 ; Sir
Richard, 325, 934.
Morton (see Moreton), Sir Albeit, 841 ;
Ann, 954 ; Margaret, 825 ; Rev. Dr.
Thomas, author, 259, 314, 954.
Moryson. See Morrison.
Moscoso, (Spaniard), 1020.
Moscovie. Sse Muscovy.
Mosely, Sir Edward, 773.
Moses, Fra., 453, 454.
Motley's United Netherlands, 929, 930,
1037.
Motte, Sieur de la (French), 689, 710,
715, 710, 724.
Mould (see Mole), Mr. , 982.
Moulsoe, John, 217.
Moulson, Thomas, grocer, 687.
Mounsell. See Maunsell.
Mounslie, Thomas, 107.
Mountaine, Montaigne, Rev. Dr. George,
545, 954, Port., 071 ; James, 224.
Mountains, gold showing, 108 ; high
mountains and vast deserts, 457; min-
erals in the, 504 ; gold in, 647 ; high
hilLs, 5S4. Sae Appalachian System,
Minerals, etc.
Mount Desert Island, 400, 002, 064, 005,
815, 942; Mount Mansell, 942 ; Saint
Sauveur, 699, 709. 71^, 723.
Maunt Edgcumbe, Earl of, 883.
Mountford. See Montford.
Mouton (Morton ?), Thomas. 108.^
Movement, the, xiii, xiv, 252, 807- See
American Enterprises, Virginia Colo-
nies.
Mowse, Arthur, fishmonger, 216, 280, 954 ;
Richard, 954.
Movaoncer, 189.
Moyle, Maile, Thomas, gent., 221, 940.
Moyne. See Le Moyne.
Moyses. See Tzekely.
Muguet, Louis (French), 707.
Mulberries, 100, 314, 401, 754; Mulberry
Island, Va., 407 ; seeds, 1022 ; trees,
1022 (white), 205; muleberries, 104.
Mulgrave, Earl of. — Edmund Sheffield.
Mun. Mr. , 9>2.
Muncke. Monke, Jane, 955; Levinus,
114, 954, 955.
Munds, Jarvis, 409, 548, 955. _
Munks. Lawrence, grocer, 225, 955.
Munster, Sebastian (German), 883.
Murfin, Myrfin, Alice, Hij^; Frances,
8(58 ; Sir Thomas, 808.
Murry, Murray, Sir David, poet, 467, 544,
955 ; Earl of, 850 ; Sir James, 31, 955.
Muscovv. See Russia.
Mutton "(Mutam ?), , 901.
Mylbourne, Robert, stationer, 1042.
Mytens, Daniel, Dutch painter, 937.
Nacottawtanke, 488.
Namontack Indian, 172,_ 246, 396, 996.
Nansemond Indians, 1034, 1043.
Nansemund, 498, tj40.
Nantaquans, Indian, 785.
Napier, Alexander, 991 ; Sir Alexander,
991; Sir Archibald, 991; Christian,
888 ; John, Lord, 833, 1001 ; Sir Rob-
ert, 680, 888, 955, 991 (see Sandv, 257,
387, 388, 557, 888, 955, 991) ; "John
Napper," 852.
Napoleon I., 387.
Napper (see Napier), John, 852.
Narrative and Critical History of Amer-
ica (Winsor), 3, 25, 320, 947, 993.
Narratives, 109, 127-139, 428-439, 746,
747.
Nassau, Bahamas, 886.
Native Inhabitants : Barbarians, 873 ;
heathen, 463 ; Indians. 40, 50, 206, 275,
333, 339, 344, 392, 395, 401, 403, 405,
408, 419, 456, 457, 459, 484-488, 491,
492, 495, 498, 499, 504, 519-521, 523,
536, 565-567, 581-583, 585, 604, 605,
634, 638, 640-643, 647, 048, 738, 744,
740, 701, 785, 789, 791, 792, 904, 906,
983, 1020, 1031, 1034; infidels, 673,
890 ; inhabitants, 16, 17, 20, 27, 74, 84,
113, 279, 322, 398, 044, 873, 1051 ;
nation, barbarous, 775; natives, 289,
349, 396-398, 777, 795 ; savages, or sal-
vages, 90, 97, 114, 127-130, 137, 145,
152-154, 150-160, 108, 109, 174, 175,
189, 191, 202, 246, 247, 2()5-207, 271,
272, 298, 299, 323, 324, 333, 303, 366,
307, 401, 492, 493, 503, 532, 572, 581,
599, 600, 001, 664, 709, 710, 775, 801,
911; Virginian, 314; ambush, 483;
Anak, 289, 1030; arrowheads, 1-53;
baskets, 48(i ; bason for Powhatan, 178 ;
beads, 115, 153, 159,486; bed forPow-
1116
INDEX.
hatan, 178, 199; beUs, 174,396 ; bread,
164, 16'), 168, 485 ; eanibals, 153 ; cen-
ser, 498 ; clothes for Powhatan, 178 ;
coat, Powhatan's, 199 ; eowree shells,
199 ; crown for Powhatan, 178, 396 ;
dance, 498, 499 ; dav's journey, 583,
584; decov, 4S3, 1007 ; deerskins, 199,
396, 520; "dictionary, 566, 567; edu-
cated, to be, 789 ; Emperor of Virginia,
396, 397 ; ewer for Powhatan, 178 ;
flute, 160 ; gingles, 801 ; glass beads
(see beads) ; hatchets, 153, 162, 164,
485 ; hatchet of iron, 174 ; hostages,
641, 643; Indian saganio, 718; Indian
"whoop, 487 ; jewels, 159 ; knives, 153,
174, 396 ; magic, 535 ; market, 396 ;
marriage (see John Rolfe) ; " marrie
not with Infidels,' ' 290 ; marry the
savages, 572, 632 ; matts, 158, 160 ;
mirrors, 396 ; money of the country,
199 ; morris dancers, 498 ; oration, 159;
pipe (tobacco). 158; presents, 178;
priest, 4y!S ; quiockosite, 498 ; rings,
178 ; savage towns, 162, 330 ; saws,
174 ; " spirit in the paper," 792 ; sun-
worship, 166, 169, 605 ; tobacco pipe of
peace, 161; traffique, 481, 486, 756;
tribe, 762 ; tribute from, 873 ; trifles,
396, 801 ; truck, 567 ; trucking, 493 ;
Virginian boy, who could write, 1005,
1031 ; Virginian priests, 604, 605 ; war,
or peace, take your choice, the pipe or
the bow, 161; weares, 403; " whoap
ubband oulis," 487; witches, 499 ; yel-
low-haired Virginian, 163. Looking
backward ' these Savages had no par-
ticidar propertie in any part or parcell
of the countrey, but only a generall
residence, as wild beasts have in the
forest,' 2!'9. See Arrows, Bows, Ca-
noes, Corn, Deer, Devil, Fish (nets,
weares, etc.), Maise, Massacre, To-
bacco, Werowance. See, also, Haber-
dashers' Company of London, Names of
Indians, and their towns. Index, /jassi»n.
Naunton, Sir Robert, 940, 1065.
Naval affairs. Navigation, etc., xiv, 1-28,
37, 139, 251, 268, 269, 562, 793, 1017,
1033; admiral, 781, 782 (see Argall,
Hawkins, Newport, Smith, Somers,
West) ; admiralty, high court of, 96,
610; astronomer's staff, 875; barges,
481, 4!>6, 641 ; bark, 720; barreekroes,
400; beacon, 793; boats, 398, 481, 497,
520, 640, (141, 644; bonnet sail. 4.35;
cables, ■>98 ; ealkers, 469 ; carriek, 137 ;
carvel (Spanish), 507-523, 646 ; Car-
veils (English), 474; chain-pump, 916 ;
compass, 83, 431-438, 521, 832 ; cornet,
432 ; course to sail to Virginia, 86 ;
Deptford Dock, 2, 32, 1014; English
Navy, xiv, saik)rs, 101, and ships, 139 ;
flag, 251, 693, 711; fore course sail,
435 ; frigate, 642, 644 ; a galley, 520 ;
gallions, or "galeones," 274, 472, 510,
512; globes, 875; log-book, 428-439;
long boat, 407, 416, 485, 489, 1053;
master of vessels, 259 (see master of
Caravel) ; materials for shipping, .564 ;
merchant fleets, 272 ; naval affairs prior
to 1606, 1-28 ; office in Seething Lane,
1056 ; raids on Spanish commerce, 18 ;
storehouse at Deptford, 2 ; orlage,
489; passage to Virginia, 82, 83, 343;
planks, 265, 767; "quartred boat,"
201; ropes, 398 ; rosin, 37, 110, 265, 398 ;
sailors, 82, 101, 202, 204, 469, 627, 805 ;
red cross of Saint George, 693, 71 1 ;
salt fish, 268 ; scurvy, 479, 1059 ; sea
fight, 830, 831 ; seaman's dictionary,
941 ; shallop, 157-159,507, 641 ; "shoot
off a peece," 432, 434 ; .sloop, 510 ; spar-
makers, 469; "three-decker," 966;
variation of the compass, 431-438,
1014 ; vessels, 37, 197, 243, 247, 518,
520,521 ; vice-admiral, 493 ; watermen,
469 ; wliite flag, 128 ; " Wooden Wall "
of England, 251 ; yards, 3-10. See
Aviso, Captains, Commerce, Cordage,
Currents, England, Fleet, London,
Mariners, Masts, Pilots, Pinnaces, 1 i-
racy. Pirates, Pitch, route to Virginia,
Sailors, Shijis, Tar, Tempest, Timber,
Trade, Trinity House, Voyages, etc.
Neabsco Creek, 151.
" Neck of Land," 913.
Needham, Francis, 390.
Needles, The, 403.
Negroes, 785, 824, 885, 886, 968, 980, 981,
987, 1034. See Angelo, 987 ; Anthony,
Isabell and William, 1034 ; Captains
George Bargrave and Daniel Elfrith.
Neill, Rev. Edward D., xvi ; his English
Colonization of America, 284, 360 ; Va.
Co. of London, 75, 79,86, 142, 360, 413,
440, 582, 604, 612, 689, 692, 1019; Va.,
Vetusta, 33, 36. 38, 255, 313, 402, 488,
498, 500, 573, 760, 964, 1049, 1054,
1067 ; Virginia, and Virginiola, 105,
106, 308, 421, 4(i2; Virginia Carolo-
rum, 963 ; in Penn. Mag. of Hist, and
Biog., 325.
Nelson, Capt. Francis, 124, 178, 181, 184,
329, 341, 397, 501, 556, 878, 955, 1013 ;
Matthew, merchant-tailor, 305 ; Thom-
as, 955.
Nelson's River, 955 ; Port Nelson, 955.
Netherlands. See United States of Hol-
land and the Netherlands.
Nethermill, Isabel, 896 ; Jidius, 806.
Nethersole, Francis, 981, 1025.
Neufville, Nicolas de (French), 1038.
Neven of Beauvais (French), 7 12.
Nevil, Neville, Anne, 905 ; Catherine,
956; Catherine, 964; David, 133; Dor-
othy, 848, 851 ; Edmund, 20 ; Edward,
829 ; Edward, Lord Abergavenny, 994 ;
Elizabeth. 874 ; Elizabeth, 82';) ;" Eliza-
beth, 956 ; Frances, 956 ; Fr;inces,
1060 ; George, Earl of Abergavenny,
INDEX.
1117
990 ; Sir TTenry of Berksliire, diplomat,
93, 210, L';il, 4GG, 955, 956, 1UU.3, lOofi,
lOGi), lUTO, Port., 081; Sir Henry,
Jr., 4')(), 956, 980, 1070; Sir Henry,
Lord Abergavenny, 542, 956 ; which
Sir Henry ? ()28, 030 ; Sir Henry, the
elder, 95") ; John Lord Latimer, 848,
851, 8l>3, 874, 904; Lncy, 803; Mary,
950 ; Mary, 904 ; Ralph, 905 ; Ursula,
<)90 ; Mr. , 982.
Ne Vinson, Elizabeth, 994.
New, Nova, etc Albion, 80, 461, 672,
795; Albion (Plowden), 1000; Hamp-
shire, 945, 1053 ; Haven (Connecticut) ,
954; Kent County (Va.), 187; Life of
Virginia, 55S, 559 ; Market, England,
850,527; Netherlands, 745,740, 810;
North Wales, 837; South Wales, 837 ;
Towns in Virginia (see Henrico), 491,
492, 504, 778 ; -Yeeres gift to Virginia,
300-375.
New, Nova, Britain, Brittaine, Britannia,
etc., 241-243, 24(), 248, 20i), 295, 299,
559, 774, 777, 830, 874, 932.
New Eno^'land, or Second Colony of Vir-
ginia (Under the charter of April 10,
1000, the name was '" The Second Col-
ony of Virginia," but the charter of
November 3, 1020, changed the name to
New England), 25-27,' 29, 52, 55-03,
65-75, 88, 102, 111, 122, 127, 128, 140,
144-140, 179, 181, 190-194, 197, 198,
207, 208, 238, 243, 247, 205, 208, 270,
459, 475, 534-530, 541, 500, 507, 570,
573, 570, 597, 080, 709, 724, 729, 730,
740, 709, 770, 779, 780-782. See At-
lantic, Bays, Capes, Commodities, Eng-
land, Fauna, Flora, Forts, France, Isl-
ands, Maine, Massachusetts, Minerals,
Mount Desert, Norombega, Rivers,
Virginia, Voyages, No. CLVIIL, etc.
New England, or Second Colony of Vir-
ginia, the council in, 55-57, 67, 69, 70,
73, 75, 70, 89, 93, 94, 102, 125, 145,
192. See Ellis Best, Gome Carew,
James Davis, or Davies, Robert Davis,
or Davies, Ralegh Gilbert, Edward
Harlow, Harley, Hawley, George Pop-
ham, and Richard Seymour.
New England Company, and Royal Coun-
cil. Under their fir.st charter (pp. 51-
03) the correct name was " The Com-
pany for the Second Colony of Vir-
ginia; " but tlieir second, or ^V.sZ special
charter, of November 3, 1()2 ) (see Haz-
ard's Collections, vol. i. pp. 103-118),
was granted to a Royal Council of forty
persons, " called by the Name of the
Council established at Plymouth, in the
County of D,;von, for the planting, etc.,
of New - England, in America," vi,
vii, X, xiii, xiv, 51-53, 58, 73, 178,
782, 8.)3-8J5, 8.)8, 822, 998. See Vir-
ginia, the London Company of, and
the biographies of the following mem-
bers of the N. E. Co., and other inter-
ested parties: Alexander, Apsley,
Archer, the Argalls, Bagge, Biard,
the Bourchiers, Brereton, Brewster,
the Brookes, Brudenel, Calvert, Cecil,
Cliamplaine, Chudley, Coitmore, Co-
mock, Conway, Coventry, Delbridge,
Dermer, Digges. the Drakes, Edg-
combe. Finch, Fotherbie, Gates, the
Gilberts, Giles, Goche, the Gorgeses,
Gosnold, Hanham, tlie Harleys, Haw-
kins, Hay, Hayes, Heale, Heath, W.
Herbert, Hobson, Howard (Arundel),
Hunt, T. Johnson, Levette. Love,
Mansell, C. Martin, Mason, Maynard,
Mildmay, the Pelhams, the Pophams,
Pory, Pring, the Riches, Roe, Roydon,
the Seymours, Selden, Sheffield, Slany,
Spelman, J. Smith, Somers, the Royal
Stuarts, L. Stuart, Sutcliffe, Vane, Vas-
sall, Villiers, Vines, the Wests, Wey-
mouth, Whitson, Wriothesley, Wrothe,
the Zouches, etc., Massachusetts and
Virginia Companies. See Register.
Newfoundland, 2, 5, 8, 12, 14, 25, 100,
359, 390, 3 )1, 394-39(5, 404, 400, 573,
609, 033, 084, 733, 741, 744, 749, 752,
756, 706, 795; Avalon, 841, 1026;
Ferryland, 841, 1039 ; fisheries, 8, 14,
25; settlement, 12, 741, 744. See
CLVIIL
Newfoundland Company of England, 390,
391, 859; officials of. See John Guy,
Capt. John Mason, Dr. Meddus, John
Slaney, etc. See, also, Biographies
813, 820, 838, 839, 841, 844, 861, 877,
880, 897, 907, 916, 917, 920, 931, 940,
946, 977, 979, 1000, 1004, 1026, 1030,
1032, 1037, 1039, 1050, 1051.
New France, 80, 202, 278, 321-324, 375,
470, 570, 573, 004, 005, (598, 700-702,
707, 709, 715, 717, 722, 725, 720, 745.
749, 793, 795, 815. Hochelaga, 80 ; La
Cadie, 322 ; Quebec, 707, 853 ; River
of Canada, .532 ; Gulf of St. Lawrence,
23, 24, 937. See Canada, and New
England.
New Port Newse, Virginia, 81, 394, 519,
950, 058, 1058.
New Spain, or Hispania, 21, 80, 263, 670.
Culiacan, 670 ; Guasteean, 670 ; Nueva
Biscaia (north of Mexico), 670; New
Mexico, 27, 80, (547, 977 ; Nueva Gali-
cia, 770 ; Panuco, (570 ; Sant Jago de
las Valles, 770; Tampico, 070. See
Florida, Mexico, etc.
New World, v, xiii, xiv, 112, 400, 637,
672, 791, 864, 954, 1027.
New York, 327, 421, 447, 623, 707, 740,
797, 892 ; documents relating to, etc.,
148, 4-17, 07<i, 079, 735, 737, 745, 872;
Historical Society, 181, 323, 326.
Manahata, and Manahatin, CLVIIL
Sae Albany, Hudson's River, New
Netherlands.
1118
INDEX.
New, Edward, 830.
Newberie, Ralfe, stationer, 824.
Newbridge, Joseph, smith, 224, 956.
Newcastle, Duke of, 8.56.
Newee, Newse, Nuce, Clement, 1011 ;
George, 222, 956; Henry, 220, 9.56;
Martha, 1011 ; Capt. Thomas, 956 ;
Capt. William, 956 ; William, 889.
NeweU, Mr. , 982.
Newgate, Christopher, fishmonger, 281,
956.
Newhouse, John, 221.
Newman, John, grocer, 2.57, 387, 388, 557,
590, .591, 687.
Newport, Capt. Christopher, brought the
first colony to Jamestown, 21, 22, 27,
29, 76, 77, 79, 81, 82, 95, 98, 105, 106,
108, 109, 112, 116, 118, 122, 124, 142,
143, 151-1.53, 1.57-159, 164, 166, 172,
175, 177, 178, 180, 182, 185, 186, 188,
195, 198-203, 205, 206, 213, 246, 261,
317, 319, 329, 330, 333, 334, 341, 342,
345, .3.54, 396, 397, 399, 406, 407, 418-
420, 422, 427, 443, 490, 492, 520, 532,
599, 681, 693. 749, 750, 752, 753, 786,
895, 915, 941, 956-958, 971, 987, 1000,
1007, 1C09; Capt. Christopher's son,
958; Mr. Christopher, 858; Dorothy,
915 ; Edward, 958 ; Frances, 980 : John,
915; Magdalen, 874; Richard, S .58 ;
Sir Richard, 874 ; Thomas, 996 ; Sir
William, 819, 851, 980.
Newport, England, 475.
Newport Newse, 81, 394, 519, 956, 958,
1058 ; Newportes Pointe, XLVI.
News from Spain, 837 ; from Virginia,
420-426.
News Letters (Gazettes), 111, 845,853;
papers, 111 (first), 837.
Nibley, England, 623, 797.
Nicholl, John, " An Howre Glass of In-
dian Newes," etc., 128.
Nicholls, Nicholas, Anne, 960 ; Christo-
pher, 215, 958 ; Edward, 1041 ; John.
IS, 20, 1012; Oliver, Esq., 546, 958;
Thomas, merchant, 215,958; Thomas,
1041 ; William, 469, 958 ; William, 771.
Nichol's Progresses of James 1 , 6U4.
Nieuw Port Mey, 956.
Noblemen, 464," 469.
Noel, Sir Andrew, 849 ; Theodosia, 849.
Norfolk. See Howard.
Norfolk County, Virginia, 927, 10-59.
Normandia, 71(l.
Nornieott, Norrincott, Thomas, cloth-
worker, 228, 4(;s, 771. 958.
Nororabega, or Norumbega, 10, 795, 1040.
Norris, Edward, 958 ; Francis, Lord, 542,
958 ; Henry, 958 ; Sir John, " a chicken
of Mars." author, etc., 9.".6, 9"8, 976,
1045, 1040; Maximilian, '.■.58; Thomas,
958 ; William, 95S.
North, Dudley, Lord, author .542, 958,
980; Gilbert, 958; Sir John, 9.58; Sir
John, Jr., 958 ; Roger, 958.
North America, 609, 805, 859 ; Articke
(circle), 795 ; Bacealos, 80 ; Brigges
his Matheinatickes, 833 ; Frislandia,
80 ; " Gibbons his hole," 086 ; Groen-
landia, 80, 609, 859; Labrador, 686;
Meta Incognita, 80 ; Nelson's River,
955 ; New North Wales, 837 ; New
South Wales, 837 ; Pole, the, 589 ; Port
Nelson, 955. See America, Arctic Ocean,
Atlantic Ocean, Bermudas, Florida,
Greenland, Huguenot Colony, Maps,
Mexico, New England, Newfoundland,
New France, New Netherlands, New
World, North Carolina, North Virginia,
North West Passage, Pacific Ocean,
Ralegh or Roanoke Colony, Soto's
Route, Virginia, and the AVest Indies.
North-Cape of Europe, 124, 859 ; east
discovery, .5, 839, 897 ; eastern voyages,
317, 839; river, 745; sea, 178, 668;
Virginia. See New England.
North Carolina, 13, 14, 16, 185, 189, 458,
597, 846, 8()7, 947. Caffey Inlet, 4.59 ;
Chicamicomico, 459 ; City of Ralegh,
19, 20 ; Craven County, 867 ; Croatan,
21, 189, 190, 459 ; Cumberland Coim-
tv. 190; "Ende Sohes," 459; Fort
Fisher, 189; Hatarask, 19, 21, 459;
Hertford Isle, 1028 ; Howard's Moun-
tains, 1028; Lennox rocks, 1028; Lum-
ber River, 190; Neuse, 185, 190; New
Inlet, 459 ; Ocanahawan, etc., 185 ;
Ocracoke Inlet, 459 ; Oregon Inlet,
459 ; Ould Virginia, 185, 1028 ; Pana-
wicke, etc., 185 ; Pananiock, etc., 185 ;
Peccarecamek, etc., 185, 190; Port
Fernando, 459 ; Port Lane, 459 ; Ports-
mouth Island, 4"9 ; Roanoke River,
185; Robeson County, 190; Sampson
County, 185, 190 ; Stuard's reach, 1028 ;
Tar River, 185 ; Trinity Harbour, 459 ;
Wococon, 459 ; Wyngandaeoia, 13 ;
Wyngandecora, 17- See Roanoke, or
Ralegh's Colony, and No. CCXLIII.
Northwest, 76, 80, 278, 795 ; discovery,
6, 8, 272 (see Voyages to) ; passage,
23, 26, 39, 40, 50, 64, 388, 540, 556,
561, 564, 573, 574, 667, 673, 752, 756,
773, 8.33, 837, 878, 897, 931, 932, 987,
988, 1013, 1017, 1057, 1058 (see N. W.
P. Co., also) ; Passage Company, (64),
573, 574, 859, 860 (see Northwest Pas-
sage, also) ; for officers of N. W. P. Co.,
see p. .574, for members, see the Biogra-
phies, passim) ; Treatise on N. W. P.,
540, 5(i4 ; Voyages to : Frobisher's, 8,
672, 795 (see Frobislier) ; Davys's, 12,
13, 672 (see John Davis, or Davys) ;
Knight's (i606), 64; Hudson's (l()b7),
102, 118; Hudson's (1610-1611), 3.58,
388, 496, 497, 556, 561, 573, 1057, 1058
(see Henry Hudson) ; Button's (1612-
](;i3), 556, 607, 105S (see Button, In-
gram, and Nelson); Gibbons's (\(\Ui),
(iS6, 1U5S; Byleth and Baffin's (1615),
INDEX.
1119
7()7, 1057; Byleth and Baffin's (161G),
779 (see Baffin and Byleth). Places in
the Northwest named for persons in
this Index : Baffin's Bay, Brig'g's his
Mathematics, Button's Bay, Chud-
leigh's Cape, Davys's Strait, Digg-es'
Cape and Island, Frohisher's Strait,
Hudson's Bay. Jones's Sound, Lancas-
ter's Sound, Mansfield (Mansell) Island,
Nelson's Port and River, New North
and New South Wales (for Henry,
Prince of Wales), Prince Charles Island,
Sir Thomas Roe's Welcome, Sir Thomas
Smith's Bay Island and Sound, South-
ampton's (Wriothesley) Island, Wol-
stenholme's Cape and Sound. See
Arctic, Greenland, North America.
Northampton County, Va., Records, etc.,
452-454, 8(30, 883, 904, 958, 983, 990.
Northamptonshire, England, 180.
Northampton, Earl of, 981 ; Marquess of,
1045, 1046. See William Compton
and Henry Howard.
Northumberland, Duke of, 105 ; Earl of
(see Henry Percy) ; Percy Papers, 105,
5U0.
Norton, Mr. Bonham, stationer, 292 ;
George, stationer, 004 ; Jane, 908 ; John,
stationer, 292, 958; Richard, 968;
Thomas (1562), author, 989; Thomas,
804, 958.
Norton's Literary Gazette, 596, 780.
Norwich, Earls of. — Edward, Lord Den-
ny, and George Goring.
Norwood, Richard, author, 458, 958, 959.
Not found : Letters, Records, Papers, etc.
See under Documents.
Nottingham, Earl of (Finch), 891.
Nottingham, Earl of. — Charles Howard.
Nourmahal, " The Light of the Harem,"
985.
Nova Scotia, 26, 460, 813 ; Zembla, 009,
859.
Nueva. See New.
Nutt, Thomas, grocer, 257, 389, 558.
Nuttall, Jonathan, gent., 547, 959.
Oak, in Virginia, 107, 164, 385, 443, 455,
587.
Oaths to be taken by the colonists and
others, 73, 75, 78, 79, 89, 233, 236, 237,
244, 391, 398, 407, 550, 926.
Objections and objectors to the planta-
tion of Virginia : Unjust to take the
land from the Indians ; might prove a
war with Spain; "might of our ene-
mies ; ' ' difficulty of settling a planta-
tion there, and of keeping possession
of the land ; failure of former colonial
enterprises; ''ill reports of the coun-
try;" a continual charge, and the un-
certainty of profit ; '■ this age will .see
no profit " ; the devil ; the Papists ; the
Pope ; the players ; the Spaniard ; the
traducers of Virginia, etc., 243, 260,
207, 288, 290, 299-301, 313-315, 341,
34t>-352, 354, 361, 363-367, 369, 371,
578, 693. See Discouragements, Dis-
eases, Distress, Objects, Romanism,
Spain, etc.
Objects, motives, or reasons for settling
})lantations in Virginia : The conver-
sion of the Indians ; the glory of God
and the advancement of Christian re-
ligion ; the honour of the king " by en-
largeing of his territories and future
enrichinge of his kingdonie ; " the profit
of the people by increase of foreign
commerce ; " this northern corner of
the world will in a short time be the
richest warehouse and the greatest cus-
tomhouse of all kinds of merchandise
to be found in Europe " (272). See pp.
V, xiv, XV, 36-42, 49, 50, 89, 146, 236, 237,
243, 248, 253, 2.55, 256, 258, 259, 261-
276, 29.5-302, 309, 313-315, 322, 339-
354, 362-373, 415, 424, 425, 45G, 462-
465, 482, 483, 499, 501, 555, 581, 582,
587, 588, 608, 613-616, 624, 639, 640,
646, 647, 685, 687, 688, 693, 735, 758,
775, 776, 783, 793, 794, 798. See Ob-
jections, Protestantism, Romanism, the
Church, the State, and the Trade of
England, and the Companies aud Coun-
cils of Virginia.
O'Callaghan, Dr. , 707.
Ocannidge (Indian), 1007.
Ockold, , stationer, 292.
Ode to the Virginian Voyage, 86, 87.
O'Dogherty, Sir Cahir (Irish), 1035.
O'Donnel, (Irish), 123.
Offley, Hugh, 959 ; Robert, 959 ; Robert,
217, 408, 574, 594, 748, 771, 797, 959;
Sarah, or Susan, 948, 1065 ; Thomas,
839 ; William, 959.
Ogle, Sir John, author, 212, 544, 901,
auto., 959, 1016, Fort.. 691.
O'Keover, Jane, 817; Philip, 817.
Okes, Nicholas, stationer ("N. O."), 678,
im, 772, 1004.
Old Point Comfort. Sae Comfort.
Oldeub.arnevelt, Helias (Dutch), 447, 959;
John Van (see Barnevelt), 448, 959.
Oldisworth, Michael, 920.
OHph, OHffe, Joane, 937; John, 937.
Oliver, Edward, fishmonger, 282 ; Francis,
804, 959 ; Mrs. Hannah, widow, 973.
Onate, Juan de (Spaniai-d), 27.
O'Neill, O'Niel, Col. Daniel, 1040; Grace,
1043 ; Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, 1035 ;
Shane, U.2o.
Opeehancanough, 785, 971 ; Opechanca-
noyes, 186 ; Opocancano, 1021 (In-
dian).
Ophely, Lord, 1046.
Orange, Prince of. See Maurice.
Orders for the colonies, 65, 75-85, 102,
192, 676, 677, 679, 680.
Ordinances for the colonies, 73, 74, 91-
95, 102.
1120
INDEX.
Orme, Capt. , 213.
Ormshawe, Rachel, 842 ; William, 842.
Orolipikes, 485.
Ortelius, Abraham, Flemish geographer,
671), 'MS, 959.
Ortiz, Juan (Spaniard), 1020.
Orwell, Capt. Lewis, 213.
Osborne, Andrew, merchant-tailor, 303 ;
Edward, 1U23 ; John, 771 ; Peter, 853.
Osborne's Memoirs of James I., 10G4.
Osmotherly, Richard, merchant-tailor,
305, 959.
O'Toole, A. S. N., author, 785, 959, 960 ;
Brian, 959.
Otway, Richard, merchant-tailor, 303.
Overall, Bishop John, a translator of the
Bible, 90(5.
Overbury, Sir Thomas, author, 846, 934,
940, 1040.
Overton, Anne, 853 ; Henry, merchant-
tailor, 305 ; Laurence, 853.
Owen, Alice, 983 ; Bathsheba, 890 ; Ed-
ward, merchant-tailor, 304 ; Hugh ap,
919; Israel, 890; Jane ap, 919; Sir
Roger, 694 ; Thomas, 983.
Oxenbridge, William, Esq., 214, 960.
'■ Oxenhams," 972.
Oxford, Earls of, 920, 1002, 1021, 1037,
1038.
Oxford, 488, 502, 597, 600, 601, 790,
1030.
Oxfordshire, 655 ; Oxford Tracts
(Smith's), 596-601, 1030.
Pace, Mr. , 971.
Packer, Thomas, 1009.
Paekington, Miss Elizabeth, 995, 996;
Mi-s. Elizabeth, 992; John, Esq., 992;
Sir John (half-brother to Sir Francis
Bacon's wife). 996.
Pacific Ocean, 81, 327,557; East India
Sea, 83 ; Mar del Zur, 564 ; South Sea,
21, 81, 146, 178, 184, 186, 189, 201,
278, 397, 398, 410,457,497, 519, 523,
564, 584, 604, 634, 638, 647, 670, 671,
833, 87^, 881, 890, 918, 9.55, 981, 1007,
1008 ; islands in the: Amboyna-ene of
the Moluccas (Malaysia), 98; Bantam,
in Java, 873, 957, 973 ; Jacatra, in
J.ava, 873; Java (Malaysia), 873, 957,
973 ; Malucas, or Moluccas (Malaysia),
90, 99, 693, 890 ; Philippines (Malay-
sia), 573 ; Solomon's Islands (Australa-
sia), 573 ; Terra-nata, Terra-nate, Ter-
nate Islands, 98. Strait of Malacca,
S75 ; of Snnda, 272. See China, East
India, and Japan.
Padre Maestro. See Laf uente.
Pagan Creek, 186.
Pagenham, Anne, 1001.
Paget. Anne, 960; Thomas, third Lord,
960; William, Lord, 542, 549, 755,770,
847, 944, 960.
Pagnam. Capt. , 212.
Pakrakanick, 190.
Palatyne, Frederick, Prince of Bavaria,
604, 606, 820. 927, 960, 966, 986, 988,
1037, 1038, 1067.
Palavicino, Pallavicino, Anne, 869 ; Sir
Horatio (Genoese), 869, 1022; "Mr.
Palavicine," 982.
Palfrey's History of New England, 170.
Palke, Samuel, merchant-tailor, 304.
Palmer, Anue, 888 ; Sir Anthony, 93,880,
960 ; Archdale, 984 ; Dudley, 960 ; Ed-
ward, 982 ; Sir Henry, 942, 957 ; John,
Esq., 960; Miles, 221,960; William,
984 ; WiUiam, haberdasher, 220, 468,
771, auto., 960, 982.
Palmes, Sir Guy, 545, 960.
Pamonkies, Indians, 165.
Panama, 21, 22, 81, 670, 672, 977; Pan-
nania (?), 792.
Panton, Sir Thomas, 212, 960, 961.
Papillon. See Purpillian.
Papists. See Romanism.
Paris, France, 15, 18, 278, 323, 475, 5.33,
603, 622, 623, 662, 677, 707, 725, 757.
Parke, Col Daniel, 888 ; Hon. Daniel,
888; Frances, 888; Lucy, 888; Mr.
, 555.
Parker, Anne, 953 ; Catharine, 863 ; Ed-
ward, Lord Morley, 961 ; Mary, 961 ;
Su- Nicholas, 545, 953, 961 ; SirPhUip,
803 ; Thomas, Esq., 961 ; William,
merchant-tailor, 304, 961 ; William,
Lord Mont Eagle, 42, 209, 231, 318, 961 ;
Capt. William, of Plymouth, 23-25,
34, 47, 52, 55, 58-60, 63, 872, 961.
Parker, Mr. G., 562.
Parkhuist, Henry, 961 ; Robert, 217, 469,
961.
Parkins. See Perkins.
Parkman. Dr., 947.
Parliament : LTpper House, or House of
Lords, xiv, 13, 122,209, 309 542 ; mem-
bers of (see 811-1070, passim; see
Peers in the Ya. Co.) ; Lower House,
or House of Commons, xiv, 13, 122. 391,
542, 802, 803, 807, 993, 999 ; Journals
of, 359, 360, 689, 690, 692-696 ; mem-
bers of (see 811-1070, passi7)i) ; bar
of, 692, 694, 698 ; parliament, 4, 5, 13,
36, 41, 42, 47, 64, 66, 73, 102, 119, 121,
229, 359, 360, 374, 465, 529, 542, 686,
689, 690, 692-698, 724, 802, 803, 807,
820, 1069; acts of, 41, 102, 089, 690;
boroughs, 611-1010, passirn ; duration
of, 809 ; elections to, 993 ; petitions to,
36—42 ; Virginia mentioned in, 13, 119,
121, 122, 359, 360, 529, 689, 690, 692-
698, 724, 820 ; " looked upon with eyes
of our love," 695.
Parma. Duke of (Spaniard), 826.
Parmenius (Hungarian), 908.
Parr, Anne, 922 ; Queen Catherine, re-
former, 862, 922, 9:;o ; Maud, 936 ; Wil-
liam, 901, 966; William, 936.
Parrott. See Perrott.
Parry, Elizabeth, 975 ; Bishop Hem-y,
INDEX.
1121
542, 961. 963 ; Robert, 975 ; Sir Thomas,
diplomat. S-t5.
Parslow. Giles, grocer, 225, 257, 387, 389,
55S, 5UU, 591, auto., 962.
Partridge, Ricliard. L'21, W2.
Pasbehaighs, 185 ; Pa.spahaiglis, 493, 599 ;
Paspiha, 159, 102, 1U3, 185; Paspihas
Country, Kil.
Pasc ill, Pashall, etc., Andrew, 907 ; Ed-
inond, grocer, 225, 257, 387, 82(5, auto.,
962, 965 ; Elizabeth, 950 ; Jane, 907.
Pask, Alice, 922 ; Rev. John, D.D., 922.
Paspaheigh (.see Pasbehaighs), Indian
King of, 599.
Pa.sptan, 487 ; Pasptanzie, 488 ; Pastan-
eie, Indian King of, 041, 043.
Pass, iSiraon, Dutch engraver, 780, 962.
Passage or route to Virginia, 82, 83, 343,
393. 399, 489, 518.
Patents. See Charters.
Patomac, Indian King of, 482, 487, 488,
042, 043. See Potomac.
Patrick. Father, 940.
Patrons of the Genesis of the United
States. See xvi, xvii, and the Appen-
dix.
Patrons of Colonization, Commerce, and
Discovery, 24, 775, and pp. 811—1070,
passim ; of Arts, Authors, Libraries,
and Leiirniug : Abbot, Acland, Ban-
croft, Bargrave, BoUes, Brooker, Cie-
sar, Canipe, Cecils, Cutler, Dawes,
Drewry, Dudley, Ferrar, Greville, Gul-
stone, Harringtons, Harper, Harrison,
Hastings, Hatton, Herberts, Hieks,
Howards, Judde, Leate, Martin, Mild-
may, Montag-ue. Parkhurst, Percy, Pe-
tre-Wadliani, Popham, Pring, Rich,
Roe, Romney, Russell-Clifford, Sander-
son, Sandys, SavUe, Scott, Sebright, Sid-
neys, Smiths, Stuarts. Suteliffe. Sutton,
Thorne, Villiers, Wade, Walsingham,
White, Whitson, Wolstenholine, Wray-
Rich, Wriothesley, and Wrothe ; of
Charities, Churches, etc. : Abbot, Ar-
niine, Bateman, Bishop, Campbell,
Caron, Cecils, Chamberlain, Church,
Cletheroe, Co veil. Craven, Darell,
Dawes, Deane, Fishbourne, Hariot,
Hicks, Holeman, Howards, Lennard,
Mawdet, Montague, Owens-Robinson,
Pettus, Rainton, Robinson, Roe, Rom-
ney, Scott, Sebright, Shefiield, Smiths,
Sutton, Tyrrel, Watts, Welds, West,
Wheatley, Whitmore, Whitson, and
Wolstenholme ; of the City Companies
of London, Trinity House, etc. : Adams,
Argall, Banks, Barnes, Bateman,
Bolles, Bond, Campbell, Chamberlain,
Cletheroe, Coitmore, Craven, Cutler,
Dawes, Fishbourne, Fletcher, Hamers-
ley, Hansford, Haydon, Hieks, Leate,
Middleton, Mowse, Norton, Rainton,
Romney, Spert, Stile, Vassall, West,
Wheatley, and Whitmore
Paul V, (Pope, 160.5-1621), 124, 9-38.
Paul's churchyard, 241, 279, 280, 283,
294, 312, -.^ii^, 356, 373, 428, 478, .559,
508, 570, 571, 609,612,740,700, 773,
891 ; cross, 312 ; southdore, 595 ; "the
Great Southdoore of Pauls," 1U42. See
Stationere" Company, Visscher's Lon-
don, and London.
Paulson, Richard, 771, 962, 982.
Pavyer, Mr. , stationer, 293.
Pawlett, Paulett, Poulet, etc. , Sir Amias,
8r.t, SS2; Anue, 870; Sir John, 407,
541), 962, lU.is, 1070, Fort, 721; Sir
John, Jr., 902; Robert, 902; Capt.
Thomas, 902 ; William, Marquis of
Winchester, 839, 840, 870.
Pawling, Andrew, merchant-taUor, 304.
Payne, John, 804, 907, 902, 903 ; Sir Rob-
ert, 212, 963; William, 218,408,770,
963,
Peace, 90, 113, 120, 124, 139, 147, 643, 6.56,
082, 756, 775, 1020 1037 ; with Spain,
27, 28, 119, 120, 120, 245. See Treaties.
Pearce, Mr. , 982.
Peake, Robert, 409, 548.
Pearde, Nicholas, 812.
Pearls, 80, 157, 100, 271, 314, 317, 349,
395, 425, 646, 648, 055, 683 ; pearl-
drillers, 353.
Pears, Edmond, haberdasher, 224.
Pearse, Capt. , 213.
Pearsye, Jeremy, 221.
Peate. See Pett, Peter, 223.
Peckard's Life of Ferrar, 890, 934, 993,
1002.
Peckham, Sir Edmund, 903 ; Sir Gieoi^e,
author, etc., 7, 10, 897, 963, 1041;
George, 903 ; Sir Robert, 963.
Peckkeford, John, 134.
Pedder, John, Dean of Worcester, 991 ;
Mrs. , 992.
Pedigrees, extracts from : Argall, Bar-
grave, Barnes, Berkeley, Bland,
Digges, Evelin, Fanshawe, Ferrar,
Finch, Gilbert, Gorges, Hakluyt, Har-
ley, Harrison, Hawkins, Haiward, or
Hayward, Herbert, Howard, James,
Killigrew, Leigh, Lovelace, Martin,
Mewtis, Mildmay. Montague, Neville,
Paget, Parker, Pawlet, Pett, Popham,
Purchas, Rich, Robinson, Roe, Russell,
St, John, St. Leger. Sandys, Scott, Sid-
ney, Smith, or Smythe, Stuart, Throck-
morton, Trevor, Tucker, Vassall, Vere,
Wade, Walsingham, West, \^'hitaker,
Wingfield, Winne, or Wynne, Winter,
Wolstenholme, Wriothesley, Wrote,
Wroth, Yeardley, Zouch, etc.
Pedrastra (see Prada), Andreas de (Span-
iard), 11 )0.
Peers in the Va. Co., 209, 542, 574. [A
great many were raised to the peerage,
or became peers by succession, after
the issuance of the charters. See the
Brief Biographies.]
1122
INDEX.
Peirsey, Percy, etc. , Abraham, 804, 963 ;
Elizabeth, 1)03.
Pelham, Elizabeth, 1045 ; Herbert, Sen.,
mS, 1045; Herbert, Jr., 981, 1U02,
1045 ; Herbert, first treasurer of Har-
vard Colleg-e, 1045 ; John, 1045 ; Pe-
nelope, 1045 ; Thomas, Esq., 546, 963,
1045 ; William, 1045.
Pellet, Sir Benjamin, 1045 ; John, 1045.
Pemberton, John, merchant-tailor, 305.
Pemble, Thomas, 1022.
Pembroke, Earl of : Philip, William, and
WiUiam Herbert.
Pembroke River (Rappahannock), Va. ,
041, 642, 644, 921, 947, 1025, 1034.
Pembroke, Wales, 705, 706, 721, 722, 724.
Pen, Capt. Robert, 16 ; Admiral, ,
869.
Pendleton, Frauncis, merchant-tailor, 306.
Penduis, 460, 936.
Penguin, 400.
Peninsula, 4(i0.
PenkeveU, Richard, 90.
Peimant, Elias, 830.
Pennant's London, 850.
Pennington, Isaac, Lord Mayor, 963 ;
Robert, 167 ; Robert, 222, 963.
Penniston, Pennystone, Anthony, 982,
1004 ; Elizabeth, 1004.
Pennsylvania, 860; Mag. of Hist, and
Bio., 325.
Pennyfather, William, grocer, 257, 557,
561, 590, 687.
Pensioners of Spain in England, 849,
850, 899, 1028, 1067.
Pentagoet. See Rivers.
People to exclude (see Pajjists, Players,
etc.), 270, 271, 286, 302 ; to send (see
Emigrants), 271, 301 ; in Virginia, 82,
519, 520, 662, 782, 1016, 1064.
Percivall, Richard, Esq., 214, 467, 963,
964 ; Samuel, 816.
Percy, Algernon, 965; Allen, 804, 964,
1070; Dorothy, 965, 1003; Capt.
George, author, 106, 113,151, 152, 178,
182, 210, 332, 334, 407, 413, 424, 480,
485, 490, 491, 500, -501, 520, 570, 617,
863, 918, 943, auto., 964, 965, 1003,
1009, Part., 701 ; Henry, eighth Earl of
Northumberland, 964 ; Henry, Earl of
Northumberland, 178, 334, 424, 428,
500, 520, 845, S74, 910, 918, 964, 965,
100.3, 1009; Henry, 979; Liicy, 918,
965 ; Marie, 979 ; Percy Papere," .";00.
Pereda, Don Gaspar Ruvz de (Spaniard),
451, 510, 511, 51.3, 52 i, 522, 524.
Perez, Marco Antonio (Spaniard), 122,
965.
Perez, Marco Antonio, Spanish spy in Vir-
ginia, 507, 510-522, 524-526, 650, 553,
657, 658, 738.
Perin (Pring ?), Margaret, 839; Martin,
839.
Periods, the crucial, v, 29-795 ; experi-
mental, 29-204 ; of enthusiasm, 205-
335 ; the task in hand, 336-729 ; the
work accomplished, 730-795.
Perkins, Parkins, Aden, grocer, 223, 965 ;
Sir Christopher, 211, 466, 965 ; Edward,
217, 965 ; Edward's widow, 905 ; Fran-
cis ("Perquin"), 151, 173, 177, 965;
" Francis his son," 177, 965 ; Thomas,
215, 905 ; William, 974.
Perron, Cardinal (French), 970.
Perrott, Parrott, Sir James, 466, 543, 803,
965 ; Sir John, Lord Deputy, author,
etc., 843, 965; Penelope, 940; Sir
Thomas, 940.
Perry, Mrs. Joan, 992 ; Mary, 1033.
Perryn, Robert, merchant-tailor, 304.
Persia, 313, 956, 957, 985, 1000 ; Persian
Gulf, 272, 822, 957 ; Persian laws, 201.
See Asia, and Baffin, Sir H. Neville,
Newport, Roe, the Sherleys, etc.
Peru, 671, 881, 917, 990, 1020; Andes
Mountains, 671 ; Arica, 672 ; Arequipa,
072 ; Cape San Francisco, 881, 917 ;
Chareas, 672 ; Cherepe, 672 ; Cusco,
672; Equador, 917; Lima, 672, 881,
917 ; Paita, 672 ; Pisca, 672 ; Potossi,
672 ; Puna. Isle of, 672 ; Quito, 672 ;
Santos, (i72 ; Truxillo, 672.
Peters, Rev. Hugh, 954.
Petitions for priviledges to make discov-
eries, etc., 5, 6, 8-10 ; for fir,st charter,
vi, 47 ; for second charter, vii, 208 ; for
third charter, vii, 541 ; in chancery,
623-63 1 ; Buckler's, 325.
Petre, Peter, Dorothy, 965 ; John Lord,
209, 985 ; Sir William, 965.
Petro, Signior (a Dutchman), 133.
Pett, Arthur, 219, (908?), 905; Maister
Edmond, 960 ; Joseph, 966 ; Miles,
128; Peter, 905; Peter, 905; Peter,
907 ; Peter, 223, 905 ; Phineas. author,
220, 4C.S, 965, 986, 1025 ; Capt. Phineas,
547, 900 ; Master , 329, 966.
Pettus, Sir John, 545, 966.
Pewrifie, Sir Nicholas, 804, 975. See
Purefoy.
Pewsey, Daniel, merchant-tailor, 305.
Peyton, Paten. Alice, 1039 ; Christopher,
839; Elizabeth, 931; Sir Henry, 211,
407, 966 ; Sir John, 924 ; Sir John,
931; Margaret, 839; Susan, 924;
Thomas, 9()6 ; Capt. Walter, 957.
Phellipps, Philips, Sir Edward. .543, 606,
986; Miles, 0, 7; Robert ("Phips"),
grocer, 225, 771 ; Sir Robert, 694,095,
79(), 901. 966, 1070; Thomas, 804, 967.
Phesant, Mr. , 982.
Phettiplace, Michael, gent., 216, 966;
William, gent., 210, 000. 001, 966.
Philip II., of Spain, and Mary of Eng-
land. 3, 19, S39, 1054.
Philip IL, of Spain (15.56-1.598), 3. 6, 7,
15, 19, 916, 947, 959, 965, 966, 967,
1002.
Philip III., of Spain (159S-1621), 27, 28,
43, 45, 88, 91, 97, 102, 104, 110, 115-
INLEX.
1123
120, 123, 125, 127, 129, 140, 141, 147,
172, 17o, 177, 180, lS:i, 184, 195-198,
242, 243, 248, 254, 258, 2(J0, 290, 310,
311, 324, 332, 33(), 337, ;343, 357, 358,
386, 387, 392, 393, 397, 418, 42(3, 427,
440, 442, 451, 454, 455, 457, 473, 470,
494, 495, 509-511, 52;3-528, 531,533,
537, 539, 553, 554, 556, 560, 572, 573,
575, 577, 588, 593, 602, 603, 607, 610,
621, 622, 631-633, 636, 638, 645, 649,
651, 654, 656, 657, 659-661, 663, 668,
674, 675, 680, 681, 736, 737, 744, 759,
805, 868, 9U0, 926, 929, 93S, 940, 950,
967, 1000, 1037, 1067, Por«.,xix; the
Queen of Philip III.. 52S.
Philip IV., of Spain (1621-1665), 900.
Philip, William, author, 1012, 1015.
Philips. Sae Phellipps.
Phillipson. Anne, 817 ; Miles, 817.
Philpot, Henry, 804, 967.
Philpot Lane, London, 248, 439, 445,
40.3, 764, 1014.
Phippsburg-, 191.
Phips. See Phellipps.
Physical features of Vii^inia, 265, 350,
395, 457, 519, 5S3. Sae Bays, Capes,
Islands, Mountains, Places, Rivers,
Soil, etc.
Physicians (see Doctors), 273, 356, 412,
469, 837 ; physical plants, 587 ; physic,
395, 412, 479, 4-!l, 642.
Pickford, Chistopher. 221.
Pierce, Jane, 987 ; William, 987.
Pierrepoint, Lady Mary (Montague), au-
thoress, 1060.
Pierson, Richard, merchant-tailor, 305.
Piggasse, Dru, 167.
Pig-gott, Pigott, Pigeott, Pvott, Capt.
,213, 967, 978; Richard of Lon-
don, 547.
Pilgrim, Pilgrimage, Pilgrimes (see
Purchas), 1032.
Pilgrim Father, 833.
Pilots, 507-509, 511-522, 710, 715, 1033.
Sea Naval Affaii-s, Ships, Voyages, etc.
Pindar, Paul, 970.
" Pin die Burie," merchant, 501.
Pine apples, 152, 174, l.h).
Pine timber (see Timbar), 534 ; -trees, 87,
107, 3S5, 587, 8 )0.
Pink, W. Duncombe, Esq., xvii.
Pinnaces, 407, 493, 682, 683, 742. See
Naval Affairs.
Pipsco, an In.lian, 5^5.
Piracy, 119. 52 ).
Pirates, Virginia to be a harbor for,
against the plate fleets, etc, 99, 119,
121, 172, 19S, 244, 337, 343, 392, 519,
575, 646, 705, 708, 713, 770, 1050, 1051 ;
of the Levant, or Algiers, 91 7, 937, 942,
985, 1017. See Bingley, Easton, Har-
ris, Manneiing.
Pitch, 37. 110. 146, 202, 205, 2-39, 265,
268, 349, 363, 398, 443, 564, 640, 783,
789, 800 ; boilers, 353 ; -trees, 317, 587.
Pitchford. William, SCO.
Pitt, Elizabeth, 967 ; George, 217, 468,
967 ; Moses, 837 ; Sir William, 1027.
Pius V. (Pope 1.566-1572), 7, 15.
Pizarro, (Spaniard), 1020.
Places in Virginia (34°-45'' N. Lat), In-
dex, /»ass(Mi.
Plantation. See Virginia.
Plantations, 85, 795, 799-802, 824, 969.
Planters. See Emigrants and Adven-
turers.
Plastrier, Platrier, Capt. (French),
533, 534, 536.
Plat, Anthonie, 16 ; James, 18.
Plate River, 670, 671, 855, 881 ; towns
upon the river : Ascension, Buenos
Aeres, Santa Anna, Santa Fee, Santo
Spiiito, 670, 671.
Players, 366, 367, 612 ; Burbage's Com-
pany, 637.
Plavs: Eastward Hoe I 29-32; Henry
VIII., 637 ; Mask of the Inns of Court,
604-606; of Flowers, 678-679; The
Tenipest, 508 ; Tuquoque, 759. See
Poetry.
PleydaU, Thomas, 221.
Plimpton (Plympton), 138.
Plomer. See Plumer.
Plowden's (Sir Edmund) patent, 1060.
Plumer, Plomer, Edward, merchant, 548,
9S7 ; Thomas, merchant, 228, 304, 548,
967, 1070; Sir Walter, 967; Walter,
967.
Plymouth, England, 6, 18, 19, 21, 34, 50,
53, 64, 88, 102, 105, 106, 110, 116, 122,
124, 126-128, 138, 140, 148, 174, 191,
238-240, 247, 250, 265, 320, 328, 375,
403, 758, 770, 782, 784.
Plymouth, New England, 27, 902, 981,
999, 1027, 1036, 1039 ; " Old Colony,"
981.
Pocahontas, Poeahuntas, etc., Indian
Princess, 319, 642, 643, 655, 702, 743,
746, 747, 751, 782, 784-789, 835, 935,
937, 967, 968, 971, 986, 987, 1050, Port.,
711.
Pocoughtawonaucks, 189 ; Pocoughtro-
nacks, 189.
Poe, Dr. Leonard, 212, 817, 968.
Poetry (see Plays) : Ballads. 420-426. 495 ;
Doomsday, 758 ; appeals for the en-
lightenment of the Indians. 565. 761 ;
An Epicede, 594, 595 ; Ode to the Vir-
ginian Vovage, 86, 87 ; Panegyric Po-
etry, 780, "785, 863, 960,1025; Poets,
Index, passim.
I Pohatan's (Powhatan's) towre (town ?),
164.
Point Comfort See Comfort.
Pointz, Ferdinando, 949.
Poland, 203, 268; King of. 985 (see
Stephen Bathori (1575-1587) and Sigis-
mund III. (1587-1632)) ; Poles in Vir-
ginia. 599.
Pole, Poole, Powell, Jane, 942; Sir Ste-
1124
INDEX.
phen, 212, 232 ; Thomas, 942 ; " Car-
dinal [Reginald] Pole," 1054, 1055.
Politician, the, 280, 314.
Pollard, Mr. George, fishmonger, 281 ;
Jane, 005.
Poltimore, Lords (see Bamfield), 822.
Poniet, Richard, merchant, 215.
" One Poncet a knight of Malta," 278.
Pond, Edmund, 548.
Pontgrav^, Mons. (French), 322.
Pontsonne, Richard, 548.
Poole, Pole, Powell, etc., Jonas, 471, 968,
1013; Sir Stephen (see Powell); Sir
William, author, 544, 968 ; Rev. Mr.
, 401.
Pooley, Rev. GreviUe, 891, 933.
Poor's Vindication of Gorges, 96, 148.
Pope, Alexander, poet, 800.
Popes of Rome, 2-1, 7, 14, 15, 19, 119,
124, 201, 1002. See Romanism.
Popham, Alexander, 114, 968 ; Alexander,
908, 909; Anne, 968; Edward, 968,
969; Eleanor, 969, 1042; Elizabeth,
969; Sir Francis, 66, 89, 92, 179, 198,
780, 804, 968, 969, 1029 ; Capt. George,
23, 47, 52, 55, 58-00, 63, 102, 114. 144-
146, 191-193, 197, 576, 911, 968, 969 ;
Jane, 969 ; John, 968, 969 ; Sir John,
chief justice, author, etc., vi, .32, 42, 46,
47, 51, 64, 89, 102, 104, 111, 127, 140,
191, 193, 197, 567, 863, 881, 909, 910,
917, 940, 908, auto., 969, 977, 986, 1042,
1066 ; Sir John's nephew, 881 ; Kath-
erine, 969, 986; Mary, 940, 969; Pe-
nelope, 909, 969; "The Pophams,"
950, 1042.
Popham Memorial Volume, 145.
Port, d"Esj)aigne, 454 ; Cotage, 163 ; Fer-
nando, 459 ; Lane, 459 ; Nelson, 955 ;
Royal (South Carolina), 4, 947, 967;
Royal (North Virginia), 40, 375, 47(5,
533, 535, 536, 662. 698, 699, 702, 703,
718, 719, 720, 724, 726, 729,815 ; Royal
(Bermudas). 1033.
Porto and Puerto, Bello, 25, 881, 934,
961 ; Rico (Saint John de Puerto Rico),
130, 131, 155, 174, 245, 393, 399, 518,
647, 672, 916, 1043 ; Seguro, 671.
Porter, Margaret, 1031 ; Sir Thomas,
1031.
Portraits. See List of Illustrations, and
this Index, passim.
Portsmouth, England, 16, 307, 343, 474,
481, 656, 772.
Port-towns, 38.
Portugal, Portingale (attached to Spain,
1580-1640), 2, 137, 249, 509, 536, 539,
589, 592, 1050 ; Portuguese, or Portu-
gales, 138, 511, 6.'>9, 609, 671, 674. (iO;),
704, 768 ; Algarve, 137 ; Cape Verde
Islands, 97(> ; Madera, 128; Setunall
(Setubal), 137. See Azores, Brazil,
Ijisbon, Spain.
Pory, Anne, 970 ; John, author, first
speaker, etc., 106, 111, 113, 114, 218,
829, 879, 941, 949, 963, 969, 970, auto.,
971, 1048; Robert, 804, 971.
Potatoes, 5, 128, 152, 174, 663, 689.
Potomac River, 841, 892, 1021, 1025;
Pataromerke, 189 ; Patowomeck, 641-
643 ; Patomeck, 487, 488 ; Patoraack,
482, 493 ; Potowmac, 458 ; " Elizabeth
River," Map CLVIIL, 1025.
Pott, Dr. John, 907, 1047.
Potts, Richard, author. 598, 600, 601, 971.
Poudon, Robert, fishmonger, 281.
Poulett. See Pawlett.
Poutrincourt, Mons. de (French), 322,
375, 534, 726-729.
Povey, Frances, 830 ; Thomas, 830.
Powell (see Pole and Poole), Authouie,
16, 971 ; Captain Nathaniel, author,
surveyor, etc, 458, 461, 600, 601, 971
(" Powle "), 1005, 1032 ; Sir Stephen,
212, 232, 467, 971 ; " Thomas Powle,
Esq.," 971 ; Capt. William, 836 ; Wil-
liam, gent., 223, 971.
Powhatan, Indian king, 164, 172, 178,
185-189, 199, 201, 202, 246, 482, 48-5-
487, 493, 503-505, 642, 643, 655, 746,
747, 751, 785, 789, 906, 967, 971, 978,
986, 996; Taux, or little, Powhatan,
484, 505. See Great Powhatan.
Powhatan's Bay, 188 ; country, 503-505 ;
River (see James River) ; town, 164,
484.
Powlett. See Pawlett.
Poynings, Sir Adrian, 953 ; Ann, 953.
Poyntell, Richard, fishmonger, 253, 280,
971.
Poyntz, Pointz, Anne, 1045, 1046 ; Sir An-
thony, 901; Ferdinando, 949; Mary,
901 ; Sir Nicholas, 1046.
Prade, Prada, Pedrastra, Andreas de
(Spaniard). 98, 100, 260.
Prannel, Henry, 1028.
Pratt, Henry, merchant-tailor, 305 ; John,
223, 971; Mathias, fishmonger, 282;
Roger, 18, 20,
Precepts, Lord Mayor's, 254, 277, 324.
Predimore, William, 974.
Premiere Mis. des Jesuites au Canada,
475, 698, 700.
Prescott, Jeffrey, merchant-tailor, 304,
971 ; William, 971.
" Present state of Ireland," extract from,
738.
President, or Viceroy of the Indies. See
Salinas.
Press, The, 859. See Stationers' Com-
pany.
Prester, John, of East India in the twelfth
centurv. 1044.
Preston, Sir Amias, 24, 143, 210,232, 902,
971, 972, 1018.
Pretty, Francis, 972 ; George, gent., 217,
972.
Price, Rev. Daniel, author, 258, 312,
972, 1025; Henry, 221, 972.
Prices of prints, 182, 242, 280, 284, 2C5,
INDEX.
1125
323, 337, 360, 421, 428, 477, 558, 000,
612,621,657,707, 7-16, 74S, 781; not
known, 255, 256, 318, 530, 576, 759,
760, 791. See Unique Pi-ints (the prices
of which are, of coui-se, unknown) and
under Documents.
Prickett, Miles, 973.
Priestley, William, mercliant-tailor, 304.
Prince Society of Massachusetts, 14."j, 676.
Prince's Worthies of Devon. 898, 917.
Princes. See Charles and Henry Stuart.
Princes' Forts (Charles and Henry), 492,
.oO:].
Princess. See Elizabeth Stuart.
Pring-, Prinne, etc. . Alice, 836, 973 ; John,
952, 953; Margaret, 972; Capt. Mar-
tin, author, surveyor, etc., 2(i, 44, 64,
76, 96, 98, 99. 4,57, 459, 836, 856, 873,
908, 909, 972-974, 977, 1014, 1052.
Pringham See Springhara.
Prisoners in Virginia, 508-527, 531, 533,
.534, 538, 5.54, 603, 621, 622, 631, 635,
638, 642-644, 652-6.54, 657-660, 663,
665, 702, 708, 732, 738, 782, 967. See
France, Spain, and Pocahontas.
Private enterprises, xiv, 10, 32-35, .37, 38,
42, 496. See Carleill, Gilbert, Ralegh,
Privy Council, English, 45, 75, 78, 121-
123, 125. 252, 3U8, 309, 314, 359, 527,
528, 665, 676, 677, 679, 6S0. 685-688,
690, 691, 730-734, 760-762, 768, 1027,
1034.
Proctor, Rev. George, 222, 974; Rev.
John. 547, 974.
Profit of the enterprise, .352, 582, 619, 661,
m.], 789, 799, 801.
Prosen. See Spruson.
Protectionists (see Monopolists), 270,
("the Warwick party '"), 1017, 1034.
Protestant Colony, v, xiv, 15, 17, 201,
205, 250, 1068; Christian Common-
wealth, 775 ; Christian plantation, 51,
290, 614, 615, 630, 762, 797 ; church in
Virginia, 588, 835, 984 ; churches in
Vii-ginia, 491, 492, 987 ; communion
cup sent to Virginia, 984 ; vestry in
Virginia, 904. See Protestantism.
Protestantism : Christian religion, 53, 67,
68, 74, 236, 237, 276, 301, 339, 449,
626, 890, 985, 1027 ; Church of England,
xiv, 2, 255, 351, 352, 360. 362, 366, 499,
903, 985, 1026, 1048 ; the Gospel, 266,
285, 288, 290, 291, 315, 339, 372, 374,
463, 499, 535, 578, 588 ; Protestantism,
or Protestant religion, xiii, xiv, 2, 3, 4,
7, 15, 325, 400, 947, 1041, 1055 ; reli-
gion (their), v, xiv, 88, 100, 103, 24(5,
259, 276, 301, 339, 340, .347, 3-18, 3(i3,
443, 553, .581, 6.50, 693,798. See Bihle,
Huguenots. Ministers, Objects. Puritans,
Sermons, Ignited States of Holland and
the Netherlands, etc.
Advancers of the standard of Christ,
284; Baptist, 856; bishops, 209, 404,
.542; Brownists, .371, 993; Calvinista,
985 ; Christ, 284, 286 ; ( hrist, the com-
ing of, 276 ; Christendom, 264, 276,
315 ; Christianity, 673 ; Christians, 507,
671, 793, 79.5; Church militant, 296;
church tnumphant, 296 ; church war-
den, .572 ; divine providence, 274 ; the
Divine, 314; English dissenters, 105S ;
the hand of God, 616, 617; the true
God, 14.5 ; idea of Sidney, 1.5-17, 905,
906, 1002; Lutherans, 985; prayer
book, 862 ; prayers, 530, 593 ; licensed
to preach in all the world, 840 ; first
Protestant baptismal rites to a prince
in Great Britian (Henry Stuart), 1025,
in England (Mary Stuart), 120; provi-
dence, 142, 448, 616, 617, 7.53; reli-
gious, element, matters and views, 235,
23(), 2S4, '2'X> ; remarks on the Church,
2.5-5 ; " the Sabboth," 371 ; Saint xVlde-
gond's exhortation, 14 ; the seed plant-
ed at Jamestown, .352, 637, 821 ; sepa-
ratists, 371, '993; the spark kindled at
Vera Cruz, (i, 7, 568, 793, 947 ; vestry
minutes, .571, -572 ; Wars of the Rsfor-
mation between Protestantism and Ro-
manism, xiii, 7, 15, 859. A partial list
of those who served in these wars (the
HugTienot ware in France, the Low
Country wars, and the war with ."^^pain):
Apsley, the Argalls, the Ashleys, the
Bargraves, Baskerville, Best, the
•Berkeleys, Biggs, Bingham, Bingley,
Blundeli, Bohun, Borlace, the Bor-
oughs, Bourehier, Bourke, Brett,
Brinsly, the Brookes, tlie Browns, the
Burghs, Burray, Button, the Carews,
the Careys, Carleill, Carleton, Caven-
dish, tlie Cecils, Challons, Chaloner,
Chami^ernoune, Chichester, Chudleigh,
Chute, Clarke, Clifford, Coitmore, Coke,
Comock, Conisbie, the Conways, Court-
ney, the Croftes, Cross, Dale, the Da-
vises, Dennis, Denny, tlie D'Evereuxs,
Dewhurst, Dexter, the Digges, the
Drakes, the Drurys, the Dudlej-s, Dyer,
Edgecombe, Erizo, Everard, Fairfaxes,
Fenner, Fenton, Finch, Frobisher, Fry-
er, Gates, the Gilberts, Giles, Godolfine,
Goodere, the Gorgeses, Goring Gray,
the Grenvilles, Greville, Gwin, Hamp-
ton, the Harcourts, Harwood, Hawker-
idge, the Hawkinses, Hawley, Heneage,
the Herberts, the Holecrof ts, the Hol-
lises, the Howards. Huntley, James,
Jermvn, Kendall, Keymis, Killigrew,
the Kings, the KnoUyses, Lane, Le-
gate, the Lees, Leigh, Leveson, Linde-
sey, Lloyd, Lovelace, Mannering, Man-
sell, Martin, Mason, Meetkerk, Mew-
tis, M?rriek, Michelborne, Mildmay,
Mills, Monson, Moone, the Morgans,
Moryson, Mountaine, the Nevilles,
Newce, Newport, the Norrises, the
Norths, Ogle, Omie, Orwell, O'Toole,
1126
INDEX.
Paget, Pagnam, the Parkers, Pearse,
Pereivall, the Percys, the Petts, the
Peytoiis, Pigot, the Pophams, Powell,
Preston, Pioude, the Raleghs, the Rat-
cliff'es, Ridgeway, Rive*s, Romney,
Rookwood, the Russells, Sackville,
Saint Aldegonde, the Saint Johns, the
kjaint Legers, Saninis, the Scotts, Seely,
Seymour, Sheffield, Shelton, the Sher-
leys, the Sidneys, Slingesby, the Smiths,
Somers, Sondes, Sparks, Spry, Stewk-
ley, Sutton, the Talbots, the Trevors,
Thorpe, the Throckmortons, the Tra-
cys. Van Medkerke, Vassall, Vennor,
the Veres, Wade, Waldo, the Walsing-
hams, the Watts, the Wests, White,
Whitson, Wilniot, the Wilsfords, the
W^ingfields, the Winnes, or Wynnes, the
Winters, Wiuwood. the Woods, Wood-
all, Woodhouse, Wright, Wriothesley,
the Wrothes, Wyat, Yaxley, Yeardley,
the Zouches, and others. See Biogra^
phies.
Proude, John, merchant-tailor, 303 ; Capt.
William, 213, 974.
Provincial, the (see Balthazar), .533.
Provisions, supplies, etc., 168, 405, 406,
408, 493, 505, 608, 778, 797, 801. Al-
lowance, 401 ; drink only water, 660 ;
flesh, meat, pork, etc., 168, 408, 415,
648, 800; food, 479, 481; furniture
(supplies), 462 ; goods, 492 ; magazines,
791), 932 ; oat meal, 409, 800 ; victuals,
335, 462, 485, 799, 800, 801. See
Deer, Grocers' Company, Vension, etc.
Prusey, Ambrose, 216, 974.
Pruson, See Spruson.
Prynn. See Pring.
Public : lands, 873 ; purse, 40 ; record
office, London, 115 ; stock, 37 ; weal,
38, 40. - _
Publications, temps Elizabeth, 24, 25 ;
during 1606-1616. See Books, Broad-
sides, Stationers' Company, Tracts, etc.
Published by authority of the Council for
Virginia, LXVIIL, LXX., LXXX.,
CXIV., CXV., CXL, CXLII.,
CXLVIII., CLXIV., CLXXL, CCX.,
CCLIII., CCCXLII., CCCLIIL,
CCCLXII.
Puckering, Sir John, 974 ; Sir Thomas,
637, 697, 734, 736, 900, 906, 939, 974,
999, 1014.
Puebla, Dr. de , Spanish ambassador
in England, 2.
Puleston, Catherine, 1033 ; Roger, Esq.,
546, 974, 1033.
Purtis, John, 948.
Purchas, Daniel, 974 ; Daniel, 974 ;
George, 974 ; George, 974 ;■ John, 974 ;
Martha, 974 ; Mary, 974 ; Sajuuel, 974 ;
Saniuel, 974 ; Samuel, son of Rev. Sam-
uel, 974, 981 ; Rev. Samuel, author,
933, 974, 975; his Pilgrim, 974, Pil
grimage, 576, 577, 974, pilgrimes, 52,
64, 65, 76, 99, 127-139, 144, 145, 151-
169, 182, 197, 199, 328-332, 416, 417,
429-439, 457, 470, 477, 597, 598, 640-
044, 662, 676, 784, 827, 831, 864, 870,
891, 957, 968, 974, 981, 1030, 1032,
1035, 1052, 1054, Port., 491; Thomas,
974 ; William, 974.
Purefoy, Nicholas, 804, 975,
Puritans, 719, 723, 852, 862, 867, 875, 903,
993, 1006, 1050, 1058, 1067.
Purleigh, Essex, 974, 975, 990.
Purpillian, Hester (Huguenot), 852 ;
Thomas, 852.
Puttick and Simpson, 337-
Pym, John, Esq. (one of " The Five Mem-
bers"), 886, 981, 993.
Pynson, printer, 859.
Pyott (see Piggott), Richard, grocer, 257,
387, 388, 468, 547, 557, 591, 975.
Quaritch, Mr., 7, 337, 428, 746, 1006.
Quarles, Francis, poet, 975 ; John, 219,
975 ; John, 975.
Queenborough, 631.
Quentin, Father Jacques, French Jesuit,
698-700, 702.
Quested, Thomas, fishmonger, 282.
Quester, de. See Dequester.
Quicke, William, grocer, 222, 468, 771,
975.
Quinn, Walter, poet, 1026.
Quuiga. See Zuuiga.
" I. R.," 766.
Radway, Richard, merchant-tailor, 304.
Rainsford, Sir Henry, 797, 975, 976;
Hercules, Esq., 975.
Rainton, Mary, 976; Nicholas, 804, 976;
Robert, 976.
Ralegh, Raleigh, etc.. Sir Carew, 466,
544, 898, 976 ; Carew, 818, 977 ; Lady,
444, 853, 873, 937, 977; Margaret,
898; Mary, 991; Walter, the elder
(father of Sir Walter), 880, 898 ; Sir
Walter, author, etc., 9, 11, 13-15, 18-
24, 26, 27, 143, 186, 189, 201, 324, 332,
349, 357, 443, 444, 567, 672, 681, 693,
749, 774, 807, 811, 813, 818, 820, §21,
834,835, 841-843, 849, 851, 852, 856
873, 881, 884, 889, 897-902, 904, 905,
908-910, 912, 915, 917, 925, 928, 9:34-
937, 941, 950, 952, 953, 961, 967-969,
972, 976, 977, 990, 991, 1002, 1007,
1012, 1018, 1025, 1026, 1035, 1039,
1041, 1043, 1049, 1051, 1053, 1054,
1057, 1062, 1065, 1067, 1069, Port.,
731.
Ralegh's Colony, or Roanoke, 13-21
(30?), 185, 186, 189, 201, 260, 263,
299, 300, 323, 349, 672, 681, 693, 749,
793, 794, (802?), 1007, 1041, 1043;
Roanoak, 16, 18, 19, 185, 190, 459, 846,
890, 905. 936, 976, 977, 1002, 1041,
1051, 1058.
Croatan, 21, 189, 190, 459; Hatci-
INDEX.
1127
rask, 19, 21, 4.')f); ould Virpiuia. 185,
1028 ; Port Fernando, -iVJ ; Port Lane,
459; Ralegh, city of, 19, 20; Trinity
Harbour, 459 ; Woeocon, 459 ; Wyn-
gandacoia, 13 ; Wyngandecora, 17. See
North Carolina, Cavendish, Ferdinando,
Grenville, Lane, Ralegh, Sidney, Wal-
singham, John and William White,
Benjamin Wood, etc.
Ramea Island, 21, 23, 24. 931, 937.
Ramirez, Capt. Uiego (Spaniard), G47,
977.
Ramsden, Millicent, widow, 222, 977 ;
Samuel, 97T.
Ramsey, Mary, 984, 1058 ; Sir Thomas,
984 ; William, 984.
Randolph, Randall, Catherine. 10o3 ; Ed-
mond, 814 ; Edward, 7tj'» ; Martha,
m:> ; Thomas, 1022 ; Vincent, 866,
1063.
Rapier, William, 1.34.
Rasawrock, 187.
Rastel, John, stationer, 954 ; Judge Wil-
liam, author, 880; M. (John, Jr. ?), 2;
880, 954.
RatclifFe, Sir Alexander, 977 ; Dorothy,
978 ; Edraond, 977 ; Frances, 853 ; Sir
Humphrey, 853 ; Sir John, 977 ; Sir
John, 210, 628, 630, 803, 977.; Capt.
John, 77,85, 108, 168, 182, 198, 2(i0,
201, 203, 213, 329, 334, 335, 341, 483,
485, 486, 786, 977, auto., 978, 1007,
1008; Margaret. 977; Thomas, 977;
William, 977 ; Mrs. , 1045.
Ravaillac, French assassin, 391.
Ravens, Master Henry, 416, 1053.
Ravenscrofte, William, Esq., 467, 546,
978.
Ravis, Alice, 831 ; Bishop Thomas, a
translator of the Bible, 242, 619, 831,
835, 978.
Rawdon (see Rovdon), Marmaduke, 680,
988 ; Ralph, 988.
Raymund, Mr. , 14.
Reasons for raising a fund, etc , 36-42,
50.
Reasons for plantation of Ireland, 325.
Rebels, 46, 88-91, 101, 242, 255. Se
United States of Holland, etc.
Receipts from Virginia Company, 292,
391, 392, 496.
Recorders (Archer, Seymour), vii.
lieeords : See City Companies of London,
Dover, East India Company, English
State Papers, etc., French Documents,
High Wycombe, London, Northampton
County, Virginia, Parliament (Com-
mons Journals). Russia Comp.any, Sand-
wich, Spanish Documents, Trinity
House, United States of Holland, etc.
(Holland Documents), Virginia Com-
panies, etc.
Reeve, Jo , 896 ; Phebe, 896.
Reformation. See under Protestantism.
Register Booke, 464, 466.
See
Register, New England Historical and
Genealogical, 826, 853, 856, 880, 931,
933, 961), 973, 989, 983, 987, 1030,
10.52, lOti.5.
Register's office of Virginia, 64, 65.
Keighnolds. Reynolds, etc. , a brewer,
22S; Heurv.'Esq., 214, 467,978; Hum-
phrey, 804,' 078, 1004; John, 469, 547,
97>1 ; Richard, 219, 978; William, mer-
chant-tiiilor, 304, 978.
Relations, 79, 85, 99, 140, 141, 181-183,
203, .326, 428-139, 479-488, 562-568,
573, 576, 597-601, 706, 709-725, 746,
775-777, 790.
Religion. See Protestantism and Roman-
ism.
Remarks on Spanish Documents, etc., 43-
45 ; on English Church, state, and
trade, 250, 251, 255.
Remembrancia, city of London, 773.
Removing the Colony. See under Spain.
Reports, 12.5-127, 143, 144, 183, 195, 393-
399, 426, 427, 511-522, 621, 622.
Resolutions, 148, 446-451, 737-
Revett, Mary, 885 ; Thomas, 885.
Revolution 6i 1776, 63, 8-56, 863, 993.
Revner, Elizabeth, 925 ; Sir William, 925.
Rhode Island, 142.
Ribault, Capt. Jean (Huguenot), author,
etc., 4, 17, 908, 978.
Rice's ref)rint of Capt. Smith's Works,
600.
Rich, Charles, 979; Essex, 853, 979;
Frances, 857 ; Sir Henry, Earl of Hol-
land, author, etc. , .543, 862. 886. 979, 981,
1070, Port , 741 ; Isabella, 979, 980,
1014, 1015 ; Jane, 978 ; " The young
Lady," 6.54; Lettice, 979; Lucy, 844;
Margery, 978, 10lj4 ; Marv, 1063; Sir
Nathaniel, author, 797, 886, 978, 979,
auto, 980, 981, 982, 993, 1016, 1064,
Penelope, 979 ; Penelope, 1045, 1046 ;
Richard, first Baron, 978, 1063 ; Rich-
ard, 927, 928. 978 ; Richard, of Lee, 978,
979, 1064 ; Robert, first Earl of W.ar-
wick, 844, 853. 927, 928, 978-980, 1002,
1046 ; Robert, third Earl of Warwick,
848, 981 ; Robert, 978 ; Robert, poet,
225, 420, 422, 978, auto., 980, 1061 ; the
grandson of the second Earl of Warwick,
981; Sir Robert, second Earl of Warwick,
author, 543, 770, 790, 796, 797, 833,
847, 848, 857, 870, 885, 886, 902, 924,
943, 950, 958, 973, 979, 980-983, auto.,
982, 987, 1004, 1014-1016, 1021, 1044,
1046, 1063, 1064, 1070, Port., 751.
Richelieu, (French), 953.
Richly valued, Virginia, 279, 280.
Richmond, Earl and Duke of. — Ludovic
Stuart. •
Richmond Standard, 488, 498.
Richmond, Virginia (.see the Falls), 600,
963. 1017. (Among the first English-
men to see the falls were Archer. Fitch,
Nelson, Newport, Percy, Jonas Poole,
1128
INDEX.
John Smith, and Tyndall. See their
biographies.)
Richmond, England, 17, 26.
Riddall, John, Esq.. 546.
Rider's (John) Dictionary, 1040.
Ridgeway, Sir Tliomas, 210, 983.
Ridlesdon, Riddlesdon, Sir Steven, 212,
983.
Ridley, M. , 2 ; Bishop Nicolas, the
martyr, 82.5.
Riganxl, Prof. (1832), 910.
Riggs, W., 35.
Riley (Ralegh ?), Mr. Walter, fishmonger,
281.
Ritanoe, 185.
Rivas, Ribas (Spaniard), 177, 180, 254.
Rivers, Anne, 983 ; Capt. John, 16, 825,
983 ; Sir John, 825, 983.
Rivers and streams in Virginia, 455, 507,
518, 519, 583, .586; Appomattox, Ap-
matiiek, Appamatuck, etc , 160, 18'.),
830, 963 ; Back, 492 ; Chapokes Creek,
913 ; Charles, 1025 ; Chickahominy,
" Southampton alias Chiekahomine,"
etc., 887, 971, 1063; Coosa, 1020;
creeks, 507, 517 ; Cross (river of), 514 ;
De Le Warr, 745, 877 ; fresh waters,
156; Hampton, Southampton, etc.,
1063 ; Holy Cross, 533 ; Hudson's, 327,
3.58, 459, 745, 815, 877 ; James, '• the
Kings," Powhatan's, "King James his
River " (see James River) ; Kennebec,
Kennebeck, Kinib^que, Sagadahoc (see
Kennebec River) ; Lumber, 190 ; Mat-
tapament, Mattapony, etc., 187 ; Mis-
sissippi, 1020; Narragansett, 981;
Neuse, 185, 190; North, 745; North-
ward Rivers, 493 ; Pagan Creek, 186 ;
Pamunkey, Powmunkey, Youghtanow,
etc., 187, 188, 867 ; Payankatank, 187 ;
Pemaquid, 25, .50 ; Penobscot, Peme-
roget, Pentagoet, etc., 460, 533, 536,
664, 1040 ; Rappahannock, Pembroke,
Penbroke, or '" The Queen's River,"
641, 642, 644, 921, 947, 1025, 1034,
CLVIII. ; Red, 1020; running We.st,
830; Roanoke, 185; Sago, 1039; St.
Croix. Eschemanis, Etchemins, etc., 460,
533 ; St. John's, 533 ; South, 745 ; South-
ampton, 490, 1063 ; Tahanock,460 ; Tar,
185 ; Tennessee, 1020 ; Warwick. 981 ;
York, " The Prince's River," Prince
Henrie his River (see maps, XL VI.,
CLVIII,), 188, 458, 971, 998, 1025. See
Potomac and the maps.
Rives, William Cabell, Esq. , xvi.
Roanoak. See Ralegh's Colony.
Roberts, Ellis, or Elias, merchant-tailor,
468, .547, 771, 909, 982, 983, 1034;
Elias, Jr., 983; George. 4(58, 983;
Henry, 136 ; Theodore (Tedder, or Tu-
dor), 216, 983.
Robins, Dorothv, 888; Edward, 983;
George, vintner, 226, 771, 982, 983;
Mary, 996 ; Obedience, 888, 983, 996,
1043 ; Richard, 804, 983.
Robinson, Arthur, 218, 983, 984; Doro-
thy, 910 ; Edward, merchant-tailor,
305; Henry, 217, 983; Henry, 983;
Heni-y, 984 ; Humphrey, grocer, 687 ;
Jane,'^984 ; Jehu, 214, 983, 1007 ; John,
222, 468, 984; John, gent., 547, 983,
984 ; John, merchant-tailor, 305, 984 ;
John, 984; Rev. John, 1058; Martha,
984; Mrs. Mary, 984, 10.58; Robert,
218, 983. 984 ; Robert, 984 ; Susanna,
984; WiUiam, 910; William, 984;
William, Pitt, xvi ; Mr. , 10.58.
Robsart, Amy, 882.
Robson, George, merchant-tailor, 304.
Rochester, 180.
Rochester, Earl of. — Robert Carr.
Rochester, Earl of, 1054.
Roe, Rowe, Anne. 814 ; Henry, 218, 981,
984; Sir Henrv, Jr., 981; Mary, 828,
985; Robert, 8^8, 984; Susanna, 950,
981 ; Sir Thomas, author, diplomat,
etc., 93, 211, 232, 240, 318, 375, 4.54,
455, 768, 773, 774, 789, 814, 828, 834,
863, 887, 917, 956, 957, 970, 984, 985,
auto., 986, 1014, 1042, 1066, Port., 771 ;
William. 814, 984.
Rogers, Edward, Esq., 94, 969, 986 ;
Elizabeth, 984 ; Sir Richard, 984 ; Rich-
ard, gent., 218, 468, 771, 986 ; Mr. ,
Jr., 982.
Rogers' House of Alexander, 813.
Rolfe, Elizabeth, 825; Elizabeth, 946;
Elizabeth, 987 ; Eustacius, 986 ; Eiista-
cius, Jr., 987 ; Francis, 986 ; Hannah,
937; Henry, 968; Henry, 804, 986;
John, 986, 987 ; John, author, 206, 639,
730, 743, 746, 747, 751, 782, 787-790,
835, 770, 937, 967, 968, 986, 987, 1011,
1050; Mrs. John, 987; Thomas, 968;
Thomas, 787, 986, 987.
RoUe, Sir Henry, 876.
Romanism : Catholic Church, 244, 266,
324, 375 ; Church of Rome, 351, .3-52 ;
Papists, 271, 286, 290, 361, 366, 371,
61^;, 1029 ; Popish Church, 290, 1049 ;
Roman Catholic religion, Romanism, or
Church of Rome, v, xiii, xiv, 3, 7, 15,
236, 237, 699-729, 1055 (see Protestant-
ism). See Popes of Rome.
Auto da i6 in Mexico, 7; Catholics,
476, 736, 1037, 1055 ; Christian mind,
744 ; Contractation House at Seville,
133-139, 926 ; Florida, 17, 947 ; Friera,
129, 276, 291 ; the Galleys, 668 ; Gui-
sians, 1039; His Holiness, 124; Holy
Office, 7 ; Inquisition, 675 ; Italian
forces, 124 ; massacre of St. Bartholo-
mew, in France, 5, 1002, 1041 ; of the
Huguenots, in Florida, 17, 947; of the
French, in Br.azil, 768 ; monks, 276 ; the
Pope, 119, 736, 103!); Poperie, 371,
374; Vera Cruz, 6, 7, 568, 793, 947.
See Donation of Alexander VI., Jesuits,
INDEX.
1129
Oaths, Objections, Objects, Papall Bulls,
Rome, etc. See, also, Acquaviva, Alex-
ander VI. , Tliomas Arundell of War-
dour, Balthazar, Biard, Blasius, Conry,
Lafuente, Masse, Paid V., Pius V.,
Sixtus v., the tSpanish officials, etc.
Ptome, xvii, 2, 4, 123, 302, 314, 3G3, 475,
533, (ill, 698, 742. See, also, \inder
Romanism.
Romeny, Roniney, Rumney, Capt. ,
212; 'Elizabeth, 987; Elizabeth, 1044;
Rebecca, Lady, 388, 987 ; William, 987 ;
Sir William. 60, 92, 212, 232, 240, 384,
406, auto., 987, 1045.
Ronfer^, Ensig'n (French), 710.
Roods (Roads, or Rhodes ?), William,
167.
Rookwood, Capt. , 213.
Roos, Lord, S.^l, 930, 938, 970.
Roots of Virginia, 130, 194, 265, 314, 410,
482. See Commodities.
Roper, Mistress, 941.
Roscarrocke, Roscowe, William, Esq., 546,
987.
Rosier, James, author, 26, 27, 35, 829, 988,
1009.
Rosni, Marquis de (Sully) (French), 1003.
Rotheram, Rotherham, Edward, 804, 988;
Elizabeth, 9()3; George, 963.
Route. See Passage to Virginia.
Rovenson (Robenson ?), John, 657.
Rovve (see Roe), John, merchant-tailor,
305.
Rowley, William, dramatist, 1026.
Royal : arms, 3J9 ; assent, 41, 42 ; Col-
onies, 32, 42, 117, etc. (see England,
New England, and Virginia) ; dock, 2,
32 ; Exchange, 767, 860 ; Historical
MS. Commission Reports, 10, 14, 33,
105, 106, 496, 734, 769 ; Manuscript,
790.
Rovdon, Rawdon, Capt, Marmaduke, 680,
988.
RoYston, 357.
Rudolph II. of Germany (1576-1612), 816,
817, 965, 1000, 1002, 1007.
Ruggle, George, dramatist, 824.
Rupert, Prince of Bavaria (grandson of
James I.). 903.
Russell, Lady Anne, 1045, 1046 ; Edward,
Earl of Bedford, .542, 912, 915, 988;
Franci.-j, Earl of Bedford, 855, 881, 9S8 ;
James, 216 ; John, 218,988 ; John, Earl
of Bedford, 839 ; Margaret, Countess
of Cumberland, .542, 855, auto., 988,
992, Port., 791 ; Sir Thomas, 992; Dr.
Walter, OlK), 601, 988; William of Sur-
rey, 988; Sir William. 1033. 1055;
William of Virginia, 487, 988; Sir
William, merchant, etc., 215, 388, 468,
574, 854, 942, 988, 989 ; Mr. , 14.
See Lucy Harrington.
Russia, or" Muscovy, 125, 202, 666, 825,
832, 852, 853, 8.59, 929, 948, 988, 1012,
1917, 1027, 1032, 1057.
Archangel, 956, 1012 ; Dwina River,
83, 956 (see North-E;ust Discovery,
etc.); St. Nicholas, 951); Tanis (Don
rises in Lake Ivan, which also sends a
tributary to the Volga) Kiver, 8-3 ;
Volga, 83, 956 ; White, or Polonian
Sea, 83, 124, 839, 859, 1012.
Ru.ssia, or Muscovy Company, the first
English company organized for discov-
ery, was at first called " The Mysterie
and Companie of the Merchant Ad-
venturers for discoverie of Regions . . .
unknown" (p. 3); afterwards "The
Fellow-ship of English Merchants for
Discovery of New Trades (p. 5) ; and
finally, " The Russia, or Muscovy Com-
pany," 3, 5, 6, 8, 1 1, 14, 23, 64, 77, 178,
260, 388, 574, 589, {)09, 610, (531, (KiO,
()77, (i80, 767, 859, 860. (The records
of this company were most unfortu-
nately burnt, together with their Lon-
don offices, in the great fire of 1066.)
See the Barneses, Bolles, Bond, the
Boroughs, Cabot, Carleill, Castelin,
Chaloner, CheiTy, Cocke, Cope, Digges,
Gerrard, Sir J. Hart. Sir R. liayward,
the Hudsons, Joseph, Ijeate, Maj'e,
Merrick, liomney. Sir W. Russell,
Slany, Sir Thomas Smith, Sir J. Spen-
cer, Stapers, James I., Towerson, Tra-
descant. Sir H. Weld, and Sir John
Wolstenholme.
Rutland, Earl of. See Manners.
Rymell, Hugh, merchant-tailor, 304.
" S S " 767
"W. S.," 568, 600, 601 (Shakespeare,
Stansby, Strachey, Symonds, etc.).
Sabin, Joseph, 242.
Sabine's American fisheries, 25.
Sabino, 191, 193.
Sable I., 12.
"Sacharissa," 1003, 1004, 1017.
Sackville, Edward, Esq., 542, 896, 934,
941, 989, 1016, Port., 801; Richard,
Earl of Dorset, 209, 8.55, 920, 941, 9S8,
989, Port., 811; Thomas, Earl of Dor-
set, dramatist, etc., vii, 811, 849, 989,
1067.
Sad, Stephen, 804.
Sagadahoc Relation, 140, 141,
Sagadahoc River. See Kennebec.
Sainsbury, W. Noel, Esq., xvii. See Cal-
endars.
Saint Albans, 1st Earl of, 937.
Saint Albans, Viscount. — Francis Ba-
con.
Saint Aldegonde, author, reformer, 14,
989.
Saint Barbe, Henry, 1041 ; Ursula, 1041.
Saint John, Anne, 989; John, 224; Sir
John, 467, 543, 628, 630, 803, 989,
1038; Capt. Nicholas, 128; Oliver,
977, 980, 999, 1038 ; Sir Oliver, 837 ;
Master Thomas, 133, 134, 137; Sir
1130
INDEX.
William. 211, 467, 549, 943, 980, 989,
1004.
Saint Leger, St. Leiger, Anne, 878, 880,
990; Anthony, 990, 997; John, 990;
Sir John, 905 ; Mary, 990 ; Mary, 905 ;
Ursula, 990; Sir Warham, 880, 990;
Sir Warham, 543, 919, 974, 990, 997,
1011.
Saint Loe, Sir William, 847.
Saint Paule, Sir George, 979.
Saint George's Bank, 460 ; Saint George's
Fort, 140, 146, 188, 190-194, 535, 969;
Saint George's Island, 191, 460 ; Saint
Ives, 138 ; Saint Louis, 81 ; Saint Ma-
ries Bay. See Chesapeake ; Saint Paul's
Church, London. See Paule 's.
Sales, William, merchant, 304.
Salinas, Marques de (Spaniard), 513, 522,
990.
Salisbury, Earls of. — Robert and Wil-
liam Cecil.
Salisbury, England, 111, 116, 117.
Salisbury, present Marquis of, 145.
Salmon, Christopher, 221 ; E. ., 36,
566.
Salt, 644, 703, 718, 800, 801 ; cellar, 590-
592; cellar by Cellini, 909; fish, 268
(see Fish) ; kerned, 644 ; makers,
353, 356, 470 ; ponds, 644 ; sea, 793 ;
stones, 185 ; water (turning of), 186,
201.
Salter's Company, of London, 226, 250,
813, 857, 867, 877.
Salter, Anne. 912, 991 ; Edward, Esq.,
54(5, 990, 991 ; Nicholas, Esq., 216,
467, 574, 912, 991.
Salterne, Robert, 26.
Saltonstall, Elizabeth, 1064 ; Hester, 949 ;
Sir Richard, 949, 1064; Sir Richard,
981 ; Sir Samuel, 545, 991.
Salva Terra, of Victoria, in Spain, 897.
Sambach, William, 217, 991.
Samms, George, gent , 547, 991 ; Sir Ge-
rard, 991 ; John, Esq., 991 ; Sir John,
466, 544, 549, 991.
Sampson, Samson, John, 16, 18, 20.
"Sampson," 781, 1008.
Samuel (a Dutchman), 487, 488.
Sanchez (Spaniard), 816, 900.
Sanderson, Richard, fishmonger, 282 ;
William, 13, 20, 991.
Sandoval. See Lerma.
Sandwich, England, 147, 461-470, 547,
555, 723, 724.
Sandy (see Napier), Robert, grocer, 257,
387, 388, 557, 888, 955, 991.
Sandys, Anne, 825, 992; Anne, 876;
Anne, 1049 ; Catherine, 994 ; Dorothy,
934 ; Archbishop Edwin, author, re-
former, etc., 81S, 99]-99() ; Sir Edwin,
of Latimer's, 934 ; Sir Edwin, son of
Sir Samuel, 995 ; Sir Edwin, author,
etc., vii, 47, 93, 122, 207, 211, 232, 240,
461, 402, 465, 466, 530, 540, 546, 555,
748, 755, 756, 770, 796, 810, 821, 824,
825, 829, 835, 847, 873, 874, 891, 895,
906, 918, 934, 958, 959, 966, 980, 981,
983, 991, 992, auto, 994, 995, 1039,
1054, 1058, 1059. 1062, 1063 ; Edwin,
Esq., son of Sir Edwin, 546, 994 ; Eliz-
abeth, 1054; George, gent., 219, 994;
George, Esq., poet, etc., 546, 989, 992,
994r, 995, 1032, 1063, Port., 821 ; Hen-
ry, Esq., 214, 992, 995 ; Henry, son of
Sir Edwin, 546, 994, 995 ; Margaret,
818, 992 ; Miles, 992 ; Miles, Esq., 992 ;
Sir Richard, 876 ; Richard, son of Sir
Edwin. 214, 9'.;4. 995; Robert, 996;
Samuel, Esq., 995; Sir Samuel, 211,
466, .549, 770, 991, 993, 995, 996, 1049 ;
Thomas, Esq., 214, 992, 996; William,
Lord Sandes, 992 ; William, 992 ; Miss
, 991.
Sandys. See Sondes, 1020.
Sanford, Master , stationer, 781.
Sanger, Timo., 35.
"San Nicholas," 393, .394.
"Sans," William, 177.
Santy, Thomas, merchant-tailor, 305.
Sarmiento. See Gondomar.
Sarsaparilla, 385.
Sasacomett, 114. See Assacomoit.
Sassafras, 87, 107, 164, 166, 195, 265,
363, 384, 425, 520, 587, 783, 789.
Saunders, Lawrence, the martyr, 854;
Robert, merchant-tailor, 304.
Saussaye, Capt. , La (French), 689,
710, 713-715, 717, 718, 724, 725, 732.
Savage, Ann, 996 ; Grace, 996 ; John,
996 ; Nathaniel Littleton, 996 ; Susan-
na, 996; Thomas, 996; Thomas, 226,
485, 487, 993 ; Sir William, 1045.
Savages. See Native Inhabitants.
Savage towns, 162, 330.
Savile, Sir Henry, author, etc., 845, 872.
Savoy, 593, 665, 1025, 1050 ; ambassador,
666 ; Duke of, Charles Emmanuel I.
(1580-1630), 829, 885, 977, 980.
Sawyer's (Edmond) " Winwood Memo-
rials," 440, 526.
Saxsey, Auditor, , 991.
Saybrook, 906.
Saye and Sele, See Fiennes.
Sayer. See Seyer.
Scarnafissi of Savoy, 884, 885, 977, 980.
Scarpe, John, gent., 226, 996.
Schouten, William Cornelison (Dutch),
101,5.
Scituate, Mass., 1036.
Scotch, Scots, Scottish, 31, 119, 276, 607,
609, 1026 (see Biographies) ; Scotch-
English and Scotch-Irish, 860; Scot-
land, 768.
Scott, Anthony, 417, 997 ; Catherine,
997 ; Charles, 891, 892, 99(5 ; Deborah,
892 ; Dorothy, 802 ; Edmund, author,
548, 771, 997 ; Mrs. Elizabeth, 467, 542,
997; Elizabeth, 954; Elizabeth, 997,
101 1 ; Emeline, 8S4, 997 ; George. 218,
468, 590, 594, 748, 771, 997 ; Sir John,
INDEX.
131
93, 210, 232, 46G, S14. 822, 919. 996,
997, 1012, 101:3, Port.,S:][ ; Capt. John,
954; Mary, 814, 9U(), 1011 ; Mary. 990,
997 ; Sir Reg-inald, 814,81.5, 990 ; Rich-
ard, 919, 997 ; Sir Thomas, 8S4, 996,
997, 1011; Sir Thomas, 990; Thomas,
gent., 228, 4U8, 990, 997 ; Thomas of
Sevenock, 997 ; Sir Walter, S07, 942.
Scott Pedigree, extract from, 996, 997.
Scrivener, John, 998; Matthew, gent,
125, 216, 978, 998, 1007.
Scroope, Master , 16.
Scrope, Lord, 958.
Scudamore, Sir James, 466, 54.3, 998,
1081; Sir John ("Sir Seudamore '"),
998; Sir John, 803, 8l)4, 874, 998;
Mrs. , 1045.
Scudder, Mr. Horace E., xvi.
Scull, G. D., 438 ; his Erelyns in America,
quoted. 440, 888.
Seabright, Sebright, Edward, the elder,
9!)8; Edward, Sm-, Sarah, 866, 998;
Solo., 453, 454; William, Esq., 214,
998
Seal of the Va. Co., etc., 56, 57, 76, 343,
4IJ7, 453, 4.54, 496, 690, 731, 761, 779,
S14.
Seale Ring, 557 ; Seale Rock, 435, 436 ;
Scales, 435.
Seaman (see Seymour), Jlr. , vii, 192.
Sears. See Seyer.
Seas. See Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Sebastian, King of Portugal (1557-1578)
[supposed to be still living?], 1024.
Seckford, Sir Henry, 211, 998.
Secretary of the Va. Co., viii, ix, 237-
See R. Atkinson, Edward Maye, or
Mayo, and H. Fotherby.
Sedan (see Tindall), Thomas, .330.
Seed planted at Jamestown, the, xv, 352,
637, 821.
Seeds, 410, 491, 492, .587, 776.
Seely (see Ceely), Capt. Thomas, 16, 998.
Segar, William, lOOS.
Selden, John, author, 31, 803, 904, 919,
^ 932, 945, 993. 998. Port., 841.
Semer (see Seymour), 1028.
Senyor, Robert, merchant-tailor, 304.
Sermons, v, 192, 255, 256, 2.58, 259, 282-
291, 293-302, 312-316, 360-375, 407,
491, 579-588, 880.
Servants, 550, 759, 805, 10-34.
Seton, Mr. . stationer, 292.
Seville, SiviUe (Spain), 114, 129, 133-
139, 440, 523, 539, 577, 592, 609, 635
648.
Sever, Sears, etc.. Sir George, 998
Thomas, gent., 228. 998.
Seymour, Sir Edward. 94, 576, 998. 999
Sir Edward. 998. 999. 1051 ; Edward
Earl of Hertford, 102S, 1046; R
Richard, vii, 102, 192,999.
Shackenburg, Helena (a Swede), 901, 966,
1045, 104(i.
Shacley, William, haberdasher, 223, 999.
Shah Abbas I , of Persia (1582-1628),
y85, lOUO.
Shah Jehan, Great Mogul of India (1605-
1627), 985.
Shakespeare, John, 891 ; William, dra-
matist, 23, 32, 416, 508, 637, 807, 818,
Sl'1, 822, 830, 836, 837, 881, 885, 891,
901, 906, 920-922, 992, 999, 1061, 1062-
Shanois, Chanoyes, 785, 853.
Shareholders in Virginia, 549, 550, 774,
777-779 (see Land-owners) ; shares of
land in Virginia, 549, 550, 774, 777-
779.
Sharpe, Dr. Leonel, 1025 ; WiUiam, 225,
999 ; Lieut. , 782._
Sharpless, Thomas, 570, 571.
Shea, Dr. J G., 326, 947.
Sheffield, Edmund Lord, 209, 231, 379,
692, 696, 943, auto., 999, Port, 851 ;
Elizabeth, 999; Frances, 999; John,
second Baron, 999 ; Sir John, 999 ; Marv,
999.
Sheldon, Mrs. Margaret, 992 ; Philippa,
818
Shelley, Henry, 223, 1000; Judith, 1000;
Mary, 1000 ; Walter, 804, 1000.
Shelton. Capt. , 212 ; Sir Raphe, 467,
544, 1000.
Shepard, Sheppard, Anne, 890 ; Matthew,
grocer, 325, 468, 771, 1000; Matthew,
Jr., 1000; Rev. Richard, 223, 1000;
Thomas, 1030.
Sherewood, John, 1035.
Sherley, Shirley, Sir Anthony, 24, 104,
105, 116, 244, 1000, 1001, 1048; Ce-
cilia, 1001, 1048; Eleanor, 834; Marv,
1031 ; Ralph, 834 ; Sir Robert, 1st Eail
of Ferrers, 1001 ; Sir Robert, diplomat,
etc., 500, 750, 957, 1000, 1001, 104*^ ;
Sir Thomas, 105, 116, 466. 1000, 1001
1031, 1045, 1046, 1048; Sir Thomas,
Jr., 1001, 1048.
Sherley, or Shirley, Hundred, Va., 782,
873, 1047.
SherweU, Sherwin, Nicholas, 804, 1001;
Thomas, 803, 804, 1001 ; Thomas, 822,
1001.
ShUds, Shields, Thomas, of London, 547.
Shingleton. See Singleton.
Shipley, Hugh, gent., 223.
Shipman, W., 772.
Ships, 37. 38, 40, 251, 2.59, 265, 269, 317,
340, 398, 496, 520, 523. 640, 644, 775,
778-780, 859, 908, 951, 1033; in Vir-
ginia, 1603, or 1606 (?), 188 ; arrived
from Virginia, 569, 570, 572, 577, 578 ;
sent to Virginia. 608 (see Voyages) ;
ship-timber (see Timber and ilasts) ;
ship-building, 268, 398, 443, 452, 456,
650, 661, 966; carpenters, 398, 469;.
wreck, 448; wrights, 248, 271, 353,
•355, 445, 469, 96(i ; stores (see under
Commodities, Cordage. Pitch, and Tar).
See LVIIL. and Visseher"s London.
Abigail, 887, 1011; Black Hodge,
1132
INDEX.
831 ; Blessing, 328-330, 403, 413, 418,
425, 455, 103(j ; Dainty, 393, 428, 455 ;
De la Warr, 402, 413 ; Deliverance,
406, 423, 640 ; Diamond, 329, 331,333 ;
Discoverer, 76, 85 ; Discovery (two or
more ?), 76, 85, 388, 4U6, 408, 493, 556,
970 ; Edwin, 680, 682, 684, 823, 824,
943 ; Elizabeth, 497, 578, 653, 655, 659,
660, 675, 689, 724 ; Falcon, 329, 330 ;
Flushing (man-of-war), 885, 980; Fly-
ing Horse of Fhishing, 772 ; " Frigat,"
642, 644; George, 774; Gift of God,
102, 121, 144, 145, 191 ; Godspeed, 76,
85; Golden Hind, 12, 32, 915; Good-
speed, 76, 85 ; Grace of God (French),
475, 815 ; Halfe Moone (Dutch), 327,
358; Hector (?), 440; Hercules, 403,
404, 418, 425, 439-441, 455, 488, 489 ;
Hope (E. I.), 957 ; John and Francis,
118, 121, 124, 175, 528, 538, 554, 557,
577, 578, 941 ; La Prime (French), 726,
728; Lion, 329, 330; Madre de Dios
(Spanish), 22, 956 ; Sir R. Mansfield's
ship, 640 ; Margaret and John, 830,
831 ; Margaret, of Bristol, 1(;60 ; Mar-
get, 138 ; Martha, 621, 058, 661 ; Mary-
flowre, 931, 1052 ; Mary and John, 102,
121, 140, 141, 144, 191, 193 ; Mary and
Margaret, 178, 904; "Mateo," 682,
684; Mayflower, 8.';5, 8(.2, 902, 905,
943 ; Neptune, 962 ; Patience, 406,408,
423, 429, 473, 1042 ; " Peter of Sivill "
(Spanish), 132; Phoenix, 27, 118, 121,
124, 125, 174, 178, 180, 972; Planta-
tion (Spanish phantom ship), 512-516;
Plough, 557, 589 ; Prosperous, 497 ;
Providence, 855 ; Resolution, 556 ;
Richard, 127, 758; Santo Antonio
(Spanish), 9C0 ; Sarah, 554, 557, 578 ;
Sarah Constant, 76, 85 ; Sea Adventure,
or Sea Venture, 328, 329,331-334, 400,
401, 422, 520 (see The Tempest);
Searchthrift, 839 ; Silver Falcon, 1066 ;
Speedwell, 972 ; Squirrel, 12 ; Star,
532, 682; Supply, 1032; Susan, 790;
Susan Constant, 76, 85 ; Swallow, 329,
331, 392, 393, 1047 ; Temperance, 1024 ;
Thomas, 081), 6S2, 684 ; Tiger (Levant),
885 ; Tiger (E. I.), 949 ; Tobacco Pipe
(a carvell), 813 ; Treasurer, 528, 573,
664, 741, 745, 782, 815, 816, 885, 886,
968,980,987; Trial, 570, 648; Unity,
329, 330, 4S4 ; Virginia, 192-194, 197,
329, 331, 404, 406 ; Welcome, 767. See
Naval Affairs, etc
Shipton, Thomas, 215, 1001; Thomas,
220.
Shirley. See Sherley.
Shoals in the ocean, 157, 437, 4.38, 459,
460, 514, 519, 793, 970. See Atlan-
tic.
Shoemakers', or Cordwavners', Company,
of London, 227, S24,\834, 858; shoe-
makers sent to Virginia, 248, 445, 470.
Shops. See under Stationers' Company.
Short collection, etc., 874, 1057 ; short-
hand, 692-696.
Short, John, 390 ; William, merchant-
tailor, 305.
Shortis, SibbeU, 1054.
Shrewsbury, Earls of. — George and Gil-
bert Talbot.
Sicklemore, Master Michael, 186, 1001.
Sicklemore. See Capt. John Rateliffe.
Sidney, Algernon, author, 965, 1003 ; Bar-
bara, 1004 ; Catharine, 1004 ; Dorothy,
1003, 1017; Sir Henry, author, 889,
897, 905, 920, V»21, 1001, 1003 ; Henry,
author, 1003 ; Henry, 1003 ; Lucy, 912,
1001 ; Madame Mary, 1001 ; Mary,
Countess of Pembroke (see Herbert),
"Sidney's sister," 5, 8, 542, 920-122,
1001, 1045, 1046, Port., 861 ; Mary,
1004, 1064; Sir Philip, poet, author,
etc., 5, 14-16, 832, 834, 845, 877, 905,
906, 908, 912, 979, 1001, 1002, 1003,
1041, 1045, 1046, Port, 871 ; Philip,
1003; PhiUippa, 1004; Robert, Vis-
count Lisle, poet, 209, i;31, 318, 379,
465, 910, 943, 965, 1001, 1003. 1004,
1017, 1064, Port., 881 ; Sir Robert,
1003; Robert, 10C3; Thoma,s, Esq.,
899; 8ir Thomas, 1001; Thomasin,
899; William, 1003; William, 912,
1001; "the Sidneys," 812.
Sigismund HI., of Poland (1587-1632),
965, 985.
Sigismimd. See Bathori.
Signs. See Stationers' Company.
Silk, 268, 313, 800, 1012 ; dressers, .353 ;
grass (or camack's flax), 349, 385, 504 ;
worms, 265, 663, 689, 1022. See Mer-
cers' Company of London.
Sillery, Saint Joseph de, 945.
Sillery, Nicolas Brulart de. Marquis
(1544-1624), French diplomat. 1037-
SUver, 58, 113, 160, 244, 246, 268, 280,
357, 395, 456, 521, 634, 638, 647, 950 ;
mines, 950, 1040; ore, 584, 977, 981,
1012. See Mineral Kingdom of Vir-
ginia, and Goldsmiths' Comjiany, of
London.
Simancas, Documents from the Archives
of. See Spanish Documents.
Simmons, Richard, 168.
"Simons, old " (see Symonds), 655.
Singleton, Robert, 215, 468, 1004.
Sirley. See Sherley.
Sislev. Thomas, 8l4.
Sixtus V. (Pope 1585-1.590), 19.
Skelton, James, 224 ; Master William,
680.
Skettwarroes (Indian), 50.
Skillicorne. Sir John, 931 ; Lucy, 931.
Skinners' Company, of London, dealers in
furs, etc., 226, 250, 834, 856, 857, 865,
875, 890, 949, 1012, 1017, 1064.
Slany. Anne, 938 ; Dorothy, 1004 ; Eliza-
beth, 93^ ; Humphrey, 390, 9S2. 990,
1004; John, 1004; John, 390, 1004;
\
INDEX.
1133
Mary, 846 ; Richard, 846 ; Stephen,
11, 869, ',«8, 1U04.
Slaughter, Rev. Pliilip, xvi.
Slingesby, Capt. , 21^.
Sloaue MS., 562, 5()5-.J67, 1051.
Slone, John, 822 ; Margaret, 822.
Smaley, Capt. , 782.
Smalhuan, Francis, gent., 547, 1004.
Srnartfete, Thomas, tishraonger, 2S1.
Smijth (see Sir William Smith, of Essex),
1018.
Smith, Smythe, Alice, 913, 1012 ; Alice,
1006; Andrew, 1012; Anne, 929;
Buckingham, 326 ; Catherine, 907,919,
997, 1012, 1013; Cleophas, 216, 469,
771, 1004; Edmund, 220, 1004; Ed-
ward, haberdasher, 228, 1004 ; Eliza-
beth, 8S9, 1012 ; Elizabeth, 1011 ; Eliza-
beth, 956 ; Ezekiel, 225 ; Frances, 908 ;
Frances, 912; Francis, Esq., 893;
George, 1006 ; Geoi-ge, grocer, 771,
982, 1004; Henry, 1012; Sir Hugh,
901 ; Humfrey, of London, 469, 547,
914, 1004; James, 912; Jane, 1012;
Joan, 836, 913 ; John, of Corsham,
1011 ; Sir John, 953 ; John, 101 1 ; John,
929 ; John, Esq., son of Sir Tliomas,
546,979, 98l), 1004, 1014, 1015, 1017;
Sir John, brother of Sir Thomas, 211,
956,1004, 1005, 1012, 1070; John, of
Nibley, author, .547, 623, 628, (J.iO, 797,
828, 985, 1005, 1006, 1008, 1031, 1059,
1060; Capt. John, author, 77, 108, 152,
178, 214, 319, 327, 328, 330-334, 342,
344, 397, 484, 620, 689, 736, 749, 751,
752, 769, 770, 784, 786-788, 814, 820,
827, 853, 863, 884, 8S8, 894, 940, 941,
944, 950, 964, 965, 967, 968, 971, 975,
978, 991, 1005, 1006-1010, auto., 1010,
1013, 1028, 1030, 1032, 1042-1044,
1047, 1048, 1051, 1056, Port, 891 ; Jon-
athan, 804, 1010; Margaret, 920, IDIS;
Margaret, 1011; Martha, 984; Mary,
1012; Mary, 1011 ; Nicholas, merchant-
tailor, 305 ; Noah, merchant-tailor, 304 ;
Othowell, fishmonger, 217, 280, 1010;
Philip, Viscount Strangford, 1004 ;
Richard, 222, 1010; Sir Richard, 545,
770, 997, 1010, 1011, 1012; Robert,
1003, 1017; Robert, 1012; Robert,
merchant-tailor, 222, 771, 982, auto.,
1011 ; Capt. Roger, 987, 1011 ; Samuel,
224 ; Lady Sarah, 997, 1004, 1013,
1017 ; Sir Sidney Stafford, 1003, 1017 ;
Simon, 1012 ; Thomas, Viscount
Strangford, 1004, 1005 ; Thomas, 984 ;
Mr. Customer Thomas, 2U, 771, 913,
919, 92.5, 977, 9.(7, 1011, 1012; Sir
Thomas, 25, 47, 49, 57, 64-66, 92, 115,
124, 128, 173, 179, 210, 231, 232, 240,
242,248, 260, 292, 303, 308-310, 318,
326, 336, 337. 3.56, 373, 384, 388, 3^9,
391, 427, 439, 445, 452, 454, 464-466,
471, 477, 496, 529, 530, 538, 539, 546,
557, 558, 560, 561, 571, 574, 578, 617,
621, 626, 627, 639,641,652,661,677,
684, 689, 690, 746,748,751,755,756,
760, 76. J, 764, 767, 770, 776, 778, 81o,
820, 8:^2, 824, 833, 839, 844, 852, 860,
■ 861,868,878,889,900, 907, 913, 914,
925, 932, 943, 950, 955, 956, 9()8, 977,
97!», 980, 982, 985, 988, 993, 997, 1003,
1004, 1010, 1011, 1013-1018, auto.,
1018, 1043, 1057-1065, 1070, i'ori., 901 ;
Sir Thomas (died 1577), author, 1018,
1056 ; Sir Thomas, clerk of the Coun-
cil, author, 93, 122, 851, 920, 1018 ;
Thomas, son of Sir Thomas, 546, 1017,
1018; Ursula, 1012; Ursula, 103 J ;
Warren, 771 ; William, 908; >sir Wil-
liam, of London, 4()ti, 804 (89ii), 1018;
Sir William, of llill Hall, Essex, 545,
1018; William (Thomas".'), 176; Mr.
, stationer, 293.
Smith s Hundred, 984, 1000, 1015, 1063 ;
Island, 641, 1013, CLVIIL
Smith's (Capt. John) Works : True Rela-
tion, 178, 181-189 ; letter from Gen-
eral History, 178, 199-204, 784; Ox-
ford Tracts and Virginia Maps, 199,
459, 461, 596-601, 620, 749, 751, 752,
780, 781, 1007-1009, 1025, 1030; New
England and Map, 780-782, 1008, 1025 ;
letter from General History, 783-788 ;
General Plistory, x, 48, 49", 169, 170,
178, 188, 192, 199-204, 206, 338, 461,
477, 598-601, 765, 783-788, 828, 831,
964, 965, 1008-1010, 1028, 1030, 1051
(see, also, the personal references to
Cai)t. Smith in the Biographies) ; Ad-
vertisements, etc., 206, 823, 1009;
Works (all of them), 1007-1010.
Snead, Thomas, 219.
Snedale, Hugh, 991 ; Margaret, 991.
Soame, Soane, Joseph, 222, 1018 ; Sir
Stephen, grocer, 210, 387,388,557,591,
1018 ; Tliomas, 1018.
Soap (or Sope) ashe-men, .353 ; ashes, 202,
205, 239, 268, 314, 317, 340, 349, 363,
395, 800 ; ashes trees, 587.
Society of Antiquaries of London, xvii,
356, 439, 445, 608, 765, 911, 1022.
Soda, Anthony, grocer, 257, 387, 389, 558,
591, 687, 1018.
Soil of Virginia, 86, 107, 110, 113, 121,
161, 175, 176, 265, 268, 481, 494, .502,
521, 584, 648. 661, 672, 776, 794; fer-
tile, 4.55, 481, 775.
Soldiers, Souldiers, 203, 310, 627, 649,
805.
Somers, Sir George, 24, 46, 52, 53, 58-60,
62, 63, 192, 211, 320, 328, 329, 334, .345,
354, 359, 360, 400, 402, 404, 406, 408,
415, 419, 424, 429, 431-434, 463, 473,
484, 537, 616, 617, 620, 749, 750, 752-
754, 821, 892, 9.53, 971, 972. 1018,
auto., 1019, 1042, Port., i>ll ; Johanna,
1019; Master Matthew, 329, 473, 1019,
1042, 1043; Nicholas, 1019; "Earl
Somers," 1018.
1134
INDEX.
Somers Island. See Bermudas.
Somerset, Duke of, 998 ; Edward, Earl of
Worcester, oUO, 677, <J80, 1U19 ; Henry,
Earl of Worcester, 941 ; Lady Jane,
941 ; William, Earl of Worcester,
1019 ; Earl of. — Robert Carr.
Sondes, Anthony, UUU ; Elizabeth, 960 ;
Sir George, 1U20 ; feir Michael, 210,
231, 919, 1020; Paulina, 960; Sir
Richard, 919, 1020.
Sotheby's, London, 182.
Sotherton, George, 9U7; George, mer-
chant-tailor, 303 ; Helen, 907.
Soto, Ferdinando de (Spaniard), 279, 280,
792, 971, 1020.
Soto's route, 1020.
South Amei-ica, 23, 64, 85.5, 954, 1007,
1026 ; the north part of South America
from the Gulf of Darien to the Island
of Trinidad, called " Tierra Firma,"
670: An^erma, 670; Barburate, 671;
Caly, 670 ; Caraceas, 455, 671 ; Carta-
gena, 16, 510-512, 524, 525, 671, 675,
792, 828, 905; Carthago, 670; Coro,
671 ; Cumana, 671 ; Darien, Gulf of,
670 ; Margarita, island, 671, 91() ; Me-
riola, 670 ; Mompox, 670 ; Pamplon,
670; Pasto, 670; Popain, 670; Port
d'Espaigne (Port of Spain, Trinidad),
454; Rio de Hacha, 671 ; Saint Jago
de Leon, 670 ; Santa Fe, 670 ; Santa
Fee, 670 ; Santa Maiia, 671 ; Tiraana,
670; Tocayma, O'iO; Trinidad Island,
454, 473, 670, 671, 920; Tunxa, 670 ;
Uraba (Darien), Gulf of, 670 ; Victo-
ria, 670. See Amazon River, America,
Brazil, Buenos Ayres, Chili, Fernando
de Noronha, Guiana, New Spain, New
World, Peru, Plate River, Portugal,
Sjjain, West Indies.
South Carolina, 4, 947. See Carolina and
Florida.
South Sea. See Pacific Ocean.
South Virginia. See Virginia.
Southampton, England, 19.
Southampton Hundred, Va., 1015, 1063 ;
River, 490, 1063.
Southampton, Earl of. — Henry Wriothes-
ley.
Southampton, Lady of, 1028.
Southcott, Anne, 994.
Southern Literary Messenger, 150, 182,
790.
Southern States, 1020.
Sou theme, AVilliam, 228.
Southwarke (London), 282, 283, 1029.
See Vis.scher's London.
Southwick, John, 223, 1020.
Spain, V, xiii, xiv, 2, 3, 7-9, 14-28, 38,
42,43, 45, 46, .50, 89, 95, 113,114, 119,
122, 123, 129, 148, 140, 166, 180, 196,
245, 255, 256, 259, 262, 270, 271, 307,
313, 336, 340, 343, 348, 366, 387, 395,
397-399, 418, 440, 442, 452, 455, 472,
473, 476, 494, 509-528, 531, 533, 537,
539, 554, 5.56, 561, 566, 568, 569, 572,
573, 575, 588, 590, 592-594, 601-(303,
606-t)23, 632, 634-636, 646-654, 656-
658, 665, 668, 682, 689, 697, 730, 745,
769, 80.3, 838, 947, 986, 1025-1C27,
1062, lOu.3. See Spaniards and Span-
ish.
Alicante wine, 395 ; Andalusia, 592 ;
Aragon, 650,653 ; Aranquez (Aranjuez),
311 ; Badajos, 838; Cape Finister, 32 ;
Castile, 100, 103, 6Q8 ; Cimdado, 137 ;
grandee of, 1020 ; Malaga, 521 ; Pardo,
or Prado (Prado, in Portugal ?), 509,
510, 524, 525 ; St. Lucas (St. Lucar),
133, 830, 947 ; St. Sebastians, 539 ; San
Lorenzo, 311, 6.54 ; Toledo, 1054 ; Val-
ladolid, 196, 926 ; Ventosilla, 102, 663.
See Cadiz, Canary Islands, Flanders,
Madiid, Portugal, Seville, Simancas,
Spanish possessions in America, Trea-
ties with. Truce, War.
Spaniards, xiii, 3, 5, 6, 81, 98, 108, 113,
120, 122, 127, 138, 139, 143, 152, 263,
264, 313, 314, 342, 396, 454, 507, 508,
590-592, 595, 635, 666-668, 693, 734,
748, 7J-3, 791-795, 815, 830, 838, 903.
See Spain and Spanish.
Spanish Documents from the Archives of
Simancas : Remarks thereon, 43-45 ;
documents, etc., sent from England to
Philip HI., 173-177, 184-195, 248, 249,
259-277, 457-461, 646-654, 740-745;
Instructions to Gondomar, 636 ; Rela-
tions and ReiJorts, 326, 393-399 ; to
the Council of State, 511-522 ; Reso-
lutions, etc., of the Spanish Council of
State, 91, 95, 101, 125-127, 143, 144,
183, 426, 427, 510, 621, 622,656 ; Royal
Decrees, 127, 144, 260, 622 ; (Rutiers,
670).
Letters : Ciriza to Pedrastra, 100,
101 ; Gondomar to Ciriza, 900 ; Gon-
domar to Philip III., 659-662, 675,
676, 680-084, 737-740, 759, 899, 9(J0 ;
Lerma to Arostegui, 509, 510 ; Molina
to Velasco, 646-654 ; Molina to Gondo-
mar, 740-745 ; Philip II L to Zufiiga,
91, 102, 103, 115, 116, 125, 180, 1»1,
196, 311 ; PhUip HI. to Ga.spar de Pe-
reda, 451, 452 ; Philip HI. to Velasco,
476, 524-526, 533, 537. 538, 553, 554,
560, 593, 603, 610, 611, 631, 632, 657,
658 ; Philip IH. to Gondomar, 654,
663 ; Philip III. to Sanchez, 900 ; San-
chez de Ulloa to Philip IIL, 900; Ve-
lasco to Philip in., 392, 418, 419, 442,
443, 455-457, 473, 494, 495, 523, 527,
531, 532, 554, 560, 602, 633, 634, 638,
639, 645-646 ; Zuniga to Philip III.,
45, 46, 88-90, 97-99, 104, l0.j, 110,
111, 116-124, 140, 141, 147, 172, 183,
184, 196-198, 243-247,. 254, 255, 258,
259, 310, 324, 332, 333, 336, 337, 357,
358, 386, {Flores) 572, 573, 575, 632,
033. See the letters from the Eng.
INDEX.
lish ambassadors to Spain, Francis
Cottington and Sir John Digby, and
also the letters from Sir Thomas Ed-
niondes.
Documents not found, 91. 104, 177,
183, 195, 1U(), 24;], 24(1, 247, 324, 320,
887, 31)3, 002, 050, 059,000; the lettei-s
of the English ambassadors, which are
nearly all missing', save for the years
1012, 1013, mention many considtations
of the Spanish Council of State in re
removing the colony in Virginia, the
reports of which meetings are mostly
wanting. See pp. 539, 550, 593, 032,
034, 035, 050, 057-
Spanish naval affairs, etc Fleets : for
destroying Virginia, 120, 127, 392,419,
427, 5S8, 589, 002, 000, 007, 009, 022,
623 ; fishing at Newfoundland, 8, 9 ;
Mexico, Plate, Silver, West Indian, etc.,
1-5-27, 110, 512, 522, 539, 588, 083,
10.57; ships, 14, 20, 21, 131, 133, 153,
188, 734, 730, 885. See Broehero, Fa-
jardo, Ramirez, etc.
Armada, 19, 20, 075, 1029, 1049; car-
rick, 137 ; carvel, 507-523, G40 ; con-
tractation house, 133-139, 926 ; gal-
eones, or gallions, 274, 472, 510, 512 ;
the galleys, 0()8 ; King Philip's treas-
ure, 6, 7; "Madre de Dios," 22, 950;
naval war, 15-27 ; " Peter of Seville,"
132 ; " Plantation " (phantom ship),
510-510, 524, 525; "Santo Antonio,"
900 ; seafight, 830, 831 ; fight at Vera
Cruz, 6, 7.
Spanish plans, etc., for removing the col-
ony in Virginia, 117-122, 126, 127, 141,
144, 147, 198. 247, 259, 392, 419, 427,
452, 472, 476, 509-528, 537, 539, 554,
556, 561, 569, 573, 575, 588, 590, 594,
602, 603, 606, 607, 609, 610, 621, 622,
632, 634-636, 656-658, 683, 736.
Advertisement, 507, 509; "Algiers
in America,' ' 046 ; audience with James
I., 116, 118, 120, 122, 123 ; "drive the
villains out," 117, 118, 124, 126, 144,
419, 573, 575 ; " hang them," 124, 120 ;
" Hydra," 646 ; " intercept them on the
way," 147, 198, 311 ; " make an end of
this," 247, 427 ; " quickly annihilate,"
259; "remedy, hasten the," 101, 121,
141, 144,470; " rendezvous of pirates,"
646 ; robberies, 61, 62, 172 ; rope, in
the coil of, 738 ; shoe, in sole of, 651,
738 ; thieves, 740 ; the villany of the
English in going to Virginia, 98, etc.
See Pirates, Prisoners, Spain, Spaniards,
Spanish, Naval Affairs, Spies, etc.
Spanish possessions in America, xiii, xiv,
2, 3, 14, 15, 22, 119, 669-675, 1025 ; the
limits of the crown of Castile, 100,
66S. I Under the donation of Alexander
VI. and the Treaty of Tordesillas, the
Spanish possession began west of Spain
in the north latitude of about 44°, and
included all of America to the south-
ward, save the eastern portion of Bra-
zil, which belonged to Portugal (at this
lime attached to the crown of Spain) ;
but the English asserted that the Span-
iards held no actual possession north
of 3:^° north latitude ; none between 9"^
north and 7"^ south latitude (Guiana),
and none south of the Portuguese, who
had settled from 7° to 24^ south lat.i-
tude-l See Brazil, Chili, Donation of
Alexander VI., Florida. Magellan. Mex-
ico, New Spain. Peru, Plate, Portugal,
Romanism, f-^outh America (the north
parts of, or Tierra Firma), West Indies,
etc. See, also, Cabot, Columbus, Me-
nendez, Soto, etc.
Spanish, state affairs, etc. : Council of
State, 91, 9.5, 1;)!, 12.5-127, 143, 144,
183, 426, 427, 510-522, 539, 556. .593,
621, 022, 032, 634, ()35. 056, 657 ; Coun-
cil or Board of War (for the Indies ?),
100, 101, 144, 427. 509, 522, 588, 056,
663 ; Secretary of State, 593, 668, 669.
See Ambassadors, Pensioners, Prisoners
in Virginia, Spies, etc See Aguiar,
Arostegui, Broehero, Ciriza, Conry,
Cordoba, Cresuela, Fajardo, Gondomar,
Idiaques, Infantado, Laguna, Lemos,
Lerma, Molina, Moreno, Pedrastra,
Perez, Philip III., Ramirez, Ribas, Sa-
linas, Torres, Vargas, Velada, Velasco,
Villa-Franca, Zufiiga, etc.
Sparchf ord, Richard, merchant - tailor,
304.
Spark. See Vera Cruz.
Sparks, Capt. , 312 ; Peter, merchant-
tailor, 304 ; Robert, 041 ; Thomas, mer-
chant-tailor, 305.
Sparks MS . 101.
Sparrow, Steven, merchant-tailor, 228,
3i)(), 408, 982, auto., 1030.
Speckhart, Abraham, 548, 771, 1020.
Speculative reasoners, 63, 993.
Spedding's Life and Letters of Lord Ba-
con, 119, 689, 894.
Speke, George, Esq., afterwards knighted
(ancestor of Capt. J. H. Speke, tlie dis-
coverer of the source of the Nile), 854,
901 ; Dorothy, 9U1 ; daughter of George, .
8.54.
Spelman, Henry, author, 483, 488, 1020,
1021, 1032, 1047 ; Sir Henry, author,
924, 1021), auto., 1021; John, 1032.
Spence, Thomas, fishmonger, 2S2.
Spencer, Edward, 803. 8i)4, 1021 ; Eliza-
beth, 860 ; Henry, Earl of Sunderland,
1U03, 1017 ; Henry, secod Earl of Sun-
derland, 1017; Humpbrev. 390; Sir John
of Althorp, 1021; Sir John, 11, 8()0,
1021 ; Sir Richard, diplomat, 112, 113,
40(!, 54:!, 1021 ; Richard, merchant-
tixilor, 305 ; Robert, Lord, 180, 542. 1021,
Port, 921 ; Uri.an, 220, 1021 ; William,
1021. See Spenser.
1136
IXDEX.
Spenser, Edmund, poet, SSI, 977, 998,
10U2.
Spert, or Pert, Sir Thomas, 2, 1022.
Spies, employed by Spain, 44, 117, 476,
495, 497, 538, 554, 5(jU, 745 ; by Eng-
land, 607. See, also, Prisoners, Spain,
and Spanish, etc.
Spiller, Sir Henry, 1027.
Spinola, Baptist (Genoese), 1022 ; Bene-
dict, 6, 1022.
Spitzbergen, 610, S22, 87S, .968, 1001,
1013.
SpolFord, Hon. A. R., xvi.
Spranger, Henry, 226, 1022.
Springham, Matthew, merchant - tailor,
219', 306, 1022.
Sprint, Gregory, Esq., 546, 1022.
Sprott, George, 811 ; Roger, merchant-
tailor, 305 ; William, 305.
Spruson, Pruson, etc., Hildebrand, 216,
468, 771, 1022.
Spry, Capt. Henry, 212.
Sqnanto (an Indian), 10 J4.
Squibb, Capt. , 942.
Stab, Edmund, fishmonger, 281.
Stacy, Thomas, 804, 1022.
Stafford, Lady Dorothy, 997 ; Edward,
14; Sir Edward, 864, 1041; Edward,
Duke of Buckingham, 997 ; Elizabeth,
997 ; Henry, Lord, 997 ; Henry, Duke
of Buckingham, 1054; Richard, 221;
Sir William, 997 ; (Wentworth), 979.
Stallenge, Staledge, William, gent , au-
thor, 216, 320, 1022.
Stalls, Book, See Stationers' Company.
Standish, Mr. , stationer, 292.
Staneries, the. 239.
Stanhope, Cordelia, SIS ; Charles, 1023;
Edward, 914 ; Henry, Lord, 1040; Jane,
914 ; John, Lord, 209, 231, 677, 679,
686, 818, 877, 1022, 1023, 1045, 1046,
1070 ; Sir Michael, 1022.
Stanley, Anne, 835 ; Edward, Lord Mont-
eagle, 961 ; Elizabeth, 9(U ; Ferdinando,
835 ; William, sixth Earl of Derby,
1038 ; Sir William, 940 ; William, mer-
chant-tailor, 3;M. See Vere-Stauley.
Stannard, Thomas, 1023 ; William, inn-
holder, 225, 1023.
^tansby, W., stationer, 576, 621, 767, 891,
974.
Stanton, Capt. Richard, 16.
Stanwell, 120.
Stapers, Staper, Staples, Alice, 925 ; Hew-
et, merchant, 388, 4()8, 547, 574,
1023 ; Richard, 11, 179, 215, 1023.
Stapleton, Thomas, merchant-tailor, 304.
Starkey, Lieut. Alexander, 16; Mary.
1034.
Starrington, Sir John (?), 549.
State, or government, of England : com-
monwealth, xiv, 268, 464, 775 ; courts
of. 111, 138; crown of, 32, 689, 672;
Great Seal of England, vii, 731, 733 ;
kingdom of England, 255, 507, 798,
1027 ; political government, 301 ; poli-
ticians, 289, 314 ; remarks on, 255 ;
royal arms, 309 ; royal assent, 41, 42 ;
royal colonies, v-viii, xiv, xv, 32, 42,
117; the state, 775. See Charters, His
Majesties Council for Virginia, His
Majesties Council for the Virginia Com-
pany of London, the Privy Council,
Oaths, Objects, Parliament, State Pa-
pers, Treaties, Wars, and Westmin- J
ster. 9
State Papers and Documents issued by
the government, 400, 413, 501, 669,
760, 783, 789 ; Articles and Instruc-
tions, 64-75 ; Ordinance and Constitu-
tion, 91-95 ; Salisbiiry to Customs Offi-
cers, 307 ; Privv Council to the Her- J
aids, 308, 3;J9 ; Orders of, 676. 677, 679, I
680 ; to city companies of London,
685, 686 ; to cities and towns of Eng-
land, 760, 761 ; to France, 733, 734 ;
minute, 760 ; James I. to States-Gen- ■
eral, 735. See, also, all Charters, Let- "
ters, or Communications between Gov-
ernment and Officials, Ambassadors,
etc., the Parliament Journals, etc.
States General of the United States of
Holland and the Netherlands, 446-
451, 735, 737, 745, 1056, 1061 ; Presi-
dent of, 449. See United States of
Holland, etc.
Stationers' Company of London, 24. 227,
250, 292, 293, 309, 33. , 495, 597,' 756,
757, 812, 813, 818, 824, 828, 829, 832,
837. 858, 859, 891,913, 958, 1029, 1044,
1061.
Stationers' Hall, 29, 242, 282, 293, 321,
337, 360, 373, 427, 471, 477, 495, 528,
538, 558, 571, 576, 611, 684, 746, 781,
1009, 1042.
Stationers' Records, 292, 293, 309, 310,
757 ; Register, 295, 571.
Stationers' stalls, or shops : " at Christ-
Church dore," 420, 495 ; " at Christ-
Church gate," 1061; "at S. Magnus
Corner,' ' 676 ; " at the three cranes in
the Vin-tree," 748 ; "shop over against
Saint Sepulchres Church without New-
gate," 767 ; '■ shop at the south entry
of the Royal Exchange," 767; " at his
House called the Lodge in Chancery
Lane, over against Lineolnes Inne,"
781 ; " shop in Saint Dunston's church-
yard in Fleet Street," 791; ''at the
golden Dragon in Fleet Street, 1057 ; "
"at the great South doore of Pauls,"
595, 1042 ; in '" Pauls churchyard at
the signe of the Bishops head," 279,
280 ; in " Pauls churchyard at the
signe of the blacke Beare,'' 428 ; in
" Pauls churchyard at the signe of
the Bul-head," 241 ; in "Pauls church-
yard at the signe of the crane," 338 ;
in ' ' Pauls churchyard at the signe of
the Foxe,"' 312 ; in '" Pauls churchyard
INDEX.
1137
at the sif^ne of the Greyhound," 294 ;
in '' Pauls churchyard at the sigue of
the Rose," 81)1 ; in " Pauls churchyard
at the signe of the Swanne," BoH, •il-i,
478, r)5!», tiill), {)12, 741), 7(iO; in " Pauls
churchyard at the signe of the Wiud-
iiiill," 28;i. See Visscher's Loudon.
See Books, Newspapers, the Press, etc.
Staughton, Elizabeth, 1U33; Francis,
iu;3;].
Steam-engine, 1025, 10-56.
Steele, Michael, merchant-tailor, 305.
"Stella," '.»7i), 1002, 104().
StepheiLs (see Stevens), Richard, 91-3,
9t)3 ; Samuel, !)()3.
Stepney, Stepneth, J., stationer, 336, 33S.
Sterling, Earl of. — William Alexander.
Stevens (see Stephens), Elizabeth, 8S7 ;
Thomas, 18, 2:0 ; Thomas, Esq., 467,
546, 1033; William, 887; Mr. ,
483.
Stewart (see Stuart), Andrew, 818 ; Au-
gustine, E.sq., 467, 547, 814, 082, 1023 ;
James, Earl of Moray, 926 ; Margaret,
926 ; Mary, 818 ; Meg, 888.
Stewkley, Stukeley, Stuckley, etc , Hugh,
1023 ; Sir Lewis, author, 'M>^ ; Sir Lew-
is, 1023; Capt. Thomas, 4, 1023, 1024;
Sir Thomas, 544, 1023 ; Mr. , 14.
Stile, Style, Styles, etc, Humphrey, gro-
cer, 224, 1024 ; Sir Humphrey," 1024 ;
Nicholas, 387, 557. 5;:)1, ijS6, 1024;
Thomas, 4()i), 1024 ; Mr. , 982.
Still, Elizabeth, 884 ; Bishop John, 884.
Stint, Joane, 887.
Stith's History of Virginia, x, 52, 79,
132, 208, 540, 541, .548, 640, 812, 824,
875, 928, 932, 934, 940, 944, 951, 980,
982, 983, 1048, 1064.
Stock, joint, public, or common, xiv, 32,
37, 38, 40, 71, 273, 317, 800.
Stocken, Stoickden (Stockton ?), John,
225, 548.
Stoddard, Sir Nicholas, 545, 1024.
Stokelev, Stocklev, John, merchaut-tailor,
226, 300, 4()S, l"!;24.
Stokes, John, fishmonger, 21.5, 280, 1024 ;
Thomas, 8(J4, 1024.
Stonard (see Stannard), Francis, 1063;
Susan, 106.3.
Stone, George, 804, 1024 ; Nicholas, 841,
1058 ; Simon, 390 ; William, 2J ; Wil-
liam, 574, 1024 ; William, 133.
Stoneman, James, 1.37 ; John, author, 27,
127, 128, 133, 137.
Stoughton, Mr. and Mrs., 440, 441.
Stourton, Ursula, 855 ; William, Lord,
855.
Stowe, John, author, 251, 461, 474, 568,
748, 756, 825, 8.58, 800, 928, 936, 1023.
Strachey, William, author, 47, 140, 141,
185, 192, 194, 197, 225,244, 400, 407,
413, 416, 417, 457, 401, .529, .530, 562,
.56.5-568, 820, 967, 9S7, auto., 1024;
William, 1024.
Stradling, Sir Edward, 90^; Jane, 968;
Francis, 1024; Mr John, autiior, 543,
802, 1024 ; Lamarock, Esq., 546.
Strafford. Earl of — Thomas Wentworth.
Strange, John, 830; Lady, 835.
Strangford (Smythe), Lord, 1004 ; eighth
Viscount, 1018 ; Philip, Viscount, 1004;
Thomas. Vi.scount, 1004, 1005.
Stratford (see Stafford), Richard, 468,
1024.
Strawberries, 157, 162, 164, 176, 425.
Streete, Elizabeth, 9-59; Humphrey, mer-
chant-tailor, 307, 959; John, 223;
William, 26.
Strickland's Queens of England, 1062,
1065.
Strode, Mary, 8-54 ; William, one of " the
five membei-s," 1024; Sir William,
545, 854. 1024,
Sti'ong, Richard, 23.
Strongai-m, Armstrong, Richard, 216,
1024.
Strutt, Robert, .548.
Stryckeland, Henry, 950.
Strype's Stow's London, 824, 867.
Stuart, Queen Anne, 117, 120, 179,443,
444, 537, 784, 785, 787, 788, 860, 876,
888, 892, iUl, 1000, 1003, 1013, 1024,
1025, 1026, 1067, Port., 931; Arabel-'
la, 834 ; Prince Charles (Charles I.,
1625-1649), 565, 657, 660, 748, 781,
812, 821, 848, 852, 853, 864, 865, 867,
874, 877, 879, 899, 908, 915, 917, 920,
932, 934, 940, 941, 950, 966, 967, 972,
979, 986, 988, 989, 994, 995, 1004,
1011, 1025, 1032, 1036, 1039, 1042,
1048, 1056, 1059, 1063-1065, Port., 941 ;
Charles II. (1649 or 166iJ-1685), 865,
920, 981 ; Princess Elizabeth, .556, 004,
606, 912, 966, 967, 1025, 1067, Port.,
951; Piince Henry, 104, 108, 109,246,
323, 367, 399, 446-448, 457, 5.54, .556,
562, 565, 574, 583, 593-595, 636, 660,
781, 834, 836, 837, 848, 8.52, 860, 86-3,
868-870, 873, 878, 880, 907, 912, 925,
935, 936, 953, 955, 961, 966, 972, 978,
979, 985, 1000, 1013, 1023, 1025, 1026,
1029, 1061, Port., 961 ; King James, of
Scotland (1567-1625), and of England
(1603-1625), 26-28, 31-33, 41-43, 46-
85, 88-95, 98, 100, 102, 103, 109, 116-
123, 131, 145, 147, 164, 180, 193, 207,
208, 244, 245, 247, 2.55, 256, 261, 267,
272-274, 286, 310, 314, 316, 340, 350,
356, 357, 367, 372, 395, 398, 443, 444,
446-451, 457, 465, 477, 497, 507, 520,
523-525, 527, 531, 5:34, 540, 542, 555.
556, 569-571, 577, 588, 589, 593, 594,
596, 603, 606, 609, 611, 622-625, 632,
63(W338. 645, 656-662, 664, 665, 667-
669, 674,677,679,680, 683, 686, 689,
693, 697, 718, 723, 731-733, 735, 737-
739, 748, 749, 755, 756, 772, 783, 789,
790, 811, 812, 818, 821, 826, 842-844,
846-850, 858, 867, 868, 870-873, 909,
1138
INDEX.
920, 930, 932, 938, 943-946, 951-955,
959, 901, 969-972, 977, 980, 985-988,
992-994, 999, 1000, 1003, 1013, 1015-
1017, 1021, 1022, 1024, 1026, 1027,
1029, 1037, 1043, 1048, 1050, 1051,
1057, 1062-1069, Port, frontispiece to
vol. i. ; Sir James, 1049 ; Ludovie,
Duke of Lenox, 90, 686, 930, 1027,
1028; Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-
1567), 855, 882, 915, 916, 927,928, 960,
970, 1026, 1030, 1041, 1061 ; the Lady
Mary, 120.
Stubbs, Mr. , 940.
Stuckley. See Stewkley.
Studley, Amv, 911; Thomas, 167, 598,
600, 601, 911, 1028; Thomas, 911.
Stukely. See Stewkley.
Sturgeon, 107, 164, 239, 317, 330, 343,
344, 386, 408, 425, 492, 586, 783 ; ca-
•vearie, 344, 386, 425, 783 ; curers, 492 ;
dressers, 344, 353, 355 ; house, 492 ;
preservers of the cavearie, 353 ; rowes,
386 ; soundes, 386. See Fish and Fish-
mongers.
Sturton (Stoughton ?), Robert, 909.
StutevUle, Sir Martin, 804, 821, 1028.
Style. See Stile.
Sublime Porte (Turk), 985.
Subscribers, 466, 478, 625, 626, 628-630,
778, 779, 810 ; list of, 465-469 ; sub-
scriptions, 245, 246, 4(j2-464, 478, 542,
549, 626, 627, 778, 779, See Adven-
turers.
Suckling, Sir John, the elder, 1063 ; Sir
John, the poet, 1063.
Suffolk, " the Ladie," 111, 899, 928, 1028,
1067.
Suffolk, Earl of. — Thomas Howard.
Suite, Master Henry, 27.
Sully, French diplomat, etc., 883, 1003.
Sun, gold-creating power of the, 507.
Sunderland, Earl of, Henry, 1013, 1017 ;
Robert, 1017.
Sundial, 910.
Sun-worship, 166, 169, 605. See Native.
Supplies. See Provisions.
Surry, Earl of, — Tliomas Howard.
Surveyors, 457-461, 777, 778, 780. See
Argall, Claiborne, Hudson, Maddi-
son, Norwood, Powell, Pring, Tyndall,
Surve'ys, 230,457-461,596, 676, 777, 780.
See Maps.
Sussex, Countess of, 982 ; Earl of, 982.
Sutcliffe, Rev. Dr. Matthew, author, 212,
240, 1028, 1029.
Sutton, Sir Richard, 1027 ; Thomas, 212,
968, 1029.
Swann, Libias, fishmonger, 281.
Sweden, King of (see Gustavus Adol-
phus), 948, 985 ; Queen of (see Chris-
tina), 9R6.
Swift, Ensign James, 220, 641, 043, 830,
1029.
Swine. See Hogs-
Swinhow, Swinhoe, Mr. , stationer,
293; George, 468, 547, 771, 1029;
John, stationer, 222, 1029.
Sylvester, Joshua, poet, 1026.
Symonds, Rev. William, author, 282-284,
286, 363, 597 (655), 1029, 1030.
Symoudson, William, 955.
"T.,C.," 772.
Tahanida (an Indian), 145.
Tailboies, Lady Margaret, 992.
Talbot, Alathea, 927, 1030 ; George, Earl
of Shrewsbury, 12, 15, 847, 924, 1030;
Gilbert, Eai-1 of Shrewsbury, 123. 321,
542, 846, 904, 922, 927, auto., 1030,
Port., 971 ; Henry, 15 ; Hon. Henry,
924 ; Mary, 924 ; Mary, 9^2, 1030 ; see
Lady Elizabeth Gray, 1030; see Cav-
endish.
Tallakarne, John, 814 ; Margaret, 814.
Tanfield, Elizabeth, 844 ; Sir Lawrence,
390, 844, 1030.
Tanner, John, grocer, 225, 1030 ; ,
926.
Tapp, Elizabeth, 956 ; Mr. Warden Wil-
liam, fishmonger, 281, 956.
Tappahannock, 187.
Tappe, John, stationer, 181, 676.
Tar, 37, 202, 205, 239, 265, 268, 363,386,
398, 564, 640, 800.
Tasburgh, Mr. , 1046.
Task, my, xv.
Tasquantura (an Indian), 50.
Tate, Bartholomew, 1030 ; Francis, au-
thor, 467, 546, 1030 ; Jane, 971 ; Lewis,
220, 469, 1030; Lewis, 548.
Taux-Powhatan, 484, 505.
Taverner, John, gent., 216, 1030.
Taxis, Juan de, Spanish ambassador,
1G67.
Taylor, Elizabeth, 893 ; John, alderman,
893; John, poet, 959, 1026, 1040;
Robert, 987 ; William, haberdasher,
222, 1030 ; the elder , 610.
Tempest, The, described or mentioned by
Archer, 321) ; by Ratcliffe, 3.34 ; by the
Virginia Council, 333, 346, 348, 3'^4 ;
by Somers, 400 ; by Strachey, 416 ; by
Jourdan, 419 ; by Rich, 422 ; by Win-
wood, 448 ; by Spelman, 484 ; by
Shakespeare, 508 ; by Chapman, 595 ;
by Crashaw, 616, 617, 620; by Howes.
752, 753.
Bacon compared with, 821 ; see Ber-
mudas; Haracano, Horrecane, Huiri-
cane, 329, 400, 589 ; St. James Day,
329, 346, 400; Wreck, 400, 416, 448,
520. See Edward Waters, and John
Wright, stationer.
Tenant, Richard, merchant-tailor, 303.
Tennessee, 1020.
Teresa (a Persian), 1<^'00.
Ternaux Compans Catalogue, 774.
Tetsworth, Robert, fishmonger, 282.
Texts, v, 287, 296, 297, 313, 338, 350,
INDEX.
1139
361, 373-375, 579, 621, 908. See Ser-
mons.
Thaier (Thayer), Mr. , 982.
Thames River, 82, 2.'31, 583. See Lon-
don, and Visscher's drawing of London.
Thane, Viscount. — Francis, Lord Norris.
Thanet, Earl of. — Nicholas Tuf ton.
Theobalds, 118, 123, 357, 509.
Thcsam. See Tresham.
Thet. Coadjutor Gilbert du, French Jes-
uit, G'J8, OOti, 7U1, 712, 714.
Thevett, Andrew, French author, 10.
Thirkeld, Lancelot, 9()8 ; Sarah, 'J(J8.
Thomond, Earl of, 843.
Thomson, or Townson, Leonard, 281,
1032.
Thomson, Georg-e, 1034 ; John, 1034 ;
Mary, 1034 ; Morris, 1034 ; Paul, 1034 ;
Robert, 1034 ; Robert, Jr., 1034 ; Wil-
liam, 1034.
Thornbury's London, 945.
Thorne, Nicholas. 2. 1030 ; Octavian, 221 ;
Robert, author, 733, 814, 1030, 1031.
Thornehill, Samuel, 1011 ; Sir Timothy,
909.
Thornton, Robert, 222, 1031.
Thorold, Edward, merchant-tailor, 305.
Thorogood, Tliorowgood, Capt. Adam,
948, 1005; Elizabeth, 988; Sir John,
948 ; Thomas, 988.
Thorpe, George, Esq., 546, 770, 790, 828,
1005, 1031, 1060 ; Nicholas, 1031 ;
Thomas, 1031 ; Thomas, stationer,
1061 ; William, 1031.
Thou, de, French historian, 970.
Throgmorton, Throckmorton, Anne,
1031 ; Dorothea, 873 ; Clement, Esq.,
991; Elizabeth, Lady Ralegh, 444,
853, 873, 937, 977; Elizabeth, Lady
Dale, 452, 861, 870-873, 998, 1031 ; Sir
John, 888 ; Kenelme, 167 ; Margaret,
1031 ; Mary, 826, 998, 1031 ; Muriel,
828; Muriel, 1032; Sir Robert, 1032;
Sir Thomas, 826, 873, 998 ; Sir Thomas,
1031; Thomas, 828; William, 1031;
Sir William, 544, 680, 828, 873, 874,
1005, 1031.
Throughton, or Troughton, Andrew, 469,
548, 1033..
Thynne, Sir Henry, 976 ; John Alexan-
der, 4th Marquess of Bath, xvii, 318,
384 ; Sir John, 919; Sir John, 97(5.
Ticknor, Mr. , 982.
Tillesworth, Joan, 919 ; William, 919.
TiUy, Field-Marshall, Count Von, 1038.
Timber, 161, 239, 268, 274, 314, ::!17, 340,
349, 363, 398, 443, 455, 642, 644. 648,
650, 661, 767, 800. See Commodities.
Timberlake, Timberly, Henry, author,
.548, 771, 1032.
Timber-neck Bay, 188. ,
Tindall. See Tyndall.
Tirrell. See Tyrrell.
Tirwhit, Tvrwhit, Sir Robert, 999, 1055 ;
Ursula, 999.
Title-page (facsimile), 241, 283, 294,312,
420, 5r)0.
Title-pages, 241, 279, 280, 283, 294, 312,
322, 338, 359, 373, 419, 420, 427, 428,
478, .528, 5.59, 576, .59'.m;01, 611, 612,
620, 621, 746, 748, 756, 766, 767, 781,
791.
Tobacco, 5, 128, 152, 158, 100, 163, 166,
169, 455, 473, 630, 678, 690, 772, 783,
789, 800 ; " midding tobacco," 772 ;
tobacco memoranda, 772 ; tobacco-
pipe (a ship), 813 ; tobacco-iiipe, In-
dian, 158, of peace, 161.
Commissioners concerning Virginia
tobacco: A. Abdy, E. Diehfield, D.
Digges, R. Morer, and W. Russell.
See, also, F. Bacon, J. Eldred, R. Hall,
K. Pashall, S. Purchtus. T. Roe, J.
Rolfe, John Smith of Nibley, G. Vil-
liers, and Sir John Wolstenholrae.
Todkill, Ananias. 508, 600, 601, 1032.
Tomaconio (an Indian), 906.
Tombstone, 150, 151.
Tomlinson, John, mayor of Bristol, 985.
Tools to work with, 642-644, 742 ; agar,
385 ; presses, 385. See Emigrants.
Topahauocke (see Tapahanock). 187, 188.
Topsham, England, 23, 179.
Torres, Maldonado de (Spaniard), 522.
Torrington, Viscount, 1069.
Tothill, Richard, 911 ; Susan, 911.
Totness, Earl of — George Lord Carew.
Tourneur, Cyril, dramatist, 1026.
Toward, Thomas, fishmonger, 281.
Tower, The London, 358, 774 ; picture
of, see Visscher's London.
Towerson, William, 11, 12, 818, 1032.
Towler, Charles, 219, 1032.
Towns in Virginia, 491, 760, 761, 778,
795.
Townsend, Anne, 1032; Sir John, 211,
4(i6, 1032 ; Sir Roger, 1038 ; Warren,
Esq., 546, 982.
Townson. See Thomson, 10.32.
Tracts, Treatise, or Pamphlets, 24, 181- •
183, 241-243, 259-277, 279, 2S0, 321-
324, 337-353, 41t»-428, 477-483, 558,
5.59, 597-601, 620, 621, 746, 747, 766-
768, 774-779, 781, 782.
Tracy, Anne, or Dorothy, 861, 1031 ; Sir
John, 861, 1031 ; Sir John, 1031, 1038;
Mary, 1032, 1038; Sir Thomas, 544,
980, 1032; William, 804, 971, 1005,
1031, 1032, 1060; WiUiam's daughter,
971, 1032.
Trade, or commerce, of England, xiv, 1-
28, 38, 39, 71. 146, 251, 267, 269, 270,
274, 301, 401, 440, 449, 465, 520, 567,
667-669, 673-676, 745, 756, 766-768,
798, 972, 1013.
Board of merchants, 652 ; bond, 496 ;
cape-merchant, 71, 911 ; city compa-
nies of London, xvii, 2''>0, 684-686, 688 ;
embargo, 15, 1052 ; exportation, 234,
235 ; exports, 39 ; haven, or port, towns,
1140
INDEX.
38, 462 ; imports, 39, 234, 235 ; impo-
sitions, 234 ; libra, 259 ; merchandises,
79 ; merchants board, 652, 659, 661 ;
private enterprises, or purees, xiv, 10,
32-35, 37, 38, 42, 496 ; public purse,
or stock, xiv, 37, 38, 40, 71, 273, 317,
800 (see Virginia companies) ; reasons
for raising a fund, 36-42, 50 ; remarks
on the trades, 250, 251 ; subsidies, 234 ;
taxes, 234. See Captains, Cloth, Com-
modities, Companies, Customs, Duties,
England, Fish, Fleet, Free Trade, Lon-
don, Merchants, Monopolists, Naval
Affairs, Objects, Profit, Protection,
Ships, Voyages, etc.
Tradescant, John (1), author, etc., 804,
939, 1039, 1032 ; John (2), 1032 ; John
(3), 1032.
Tragabigzanda, 785, 853.
Travers family of Virginia, 987.
Treasurer, The, of the Virginia Company,
viii, ix, 208, 232, 234, 237^248, 763-
765, 778, 993, 1026, 1062. See Sir Ed-
win Sandys, Sir Thomas Smith, and
Wriothesley. Recommended for by
James I. (p. 1027), Abbott, Cletheroe,
Handsford, Robert Johnson, Roe, Sir
William Russell, Sir Thomas Smith,
and Sir John Wolstenholme.
Treaty with the Netherlands, 9, 15-17 ;
with Spain, 27, 28, 119, 120 126, 245,
926, 938, 967, 1037. See Peace.
Trees, 156, 157, 161, 164, 166, 265, 650,
Trelawney, Edwin, 916 ; Joan, 916 ; Sir
John. 916 ; WilUam, 916.
Tremellius, Iramanuel (Italian), 984.
Tremonille, Marquis, French ambassador,
1014.
Trenchard. Mr. , 1052.
Treshara, Thesam, Elizabeth, 961 ; Fran-
cis, 961, 1032; Sir Lewis, 544, 1032,
1033 ; Sir Thomas, 961, 1032, 1033.
Trevaunon, Hugh, 1033 ; Margaret, 1033.
Trevor, Sir John, 66, 89, 92, 211, 232,
941, 957, 1033; Sir John, Jr.. 1033;
John, Esq., 1033 ; Sir Richard, 544,
1033.
Tribaldo. Luis, of Toledo, 27.
Trinity House, 2, 359, 393, 496, 497, 5-39,
540, 547, 836, 1033. See Argall, Coit-
more, Spert, Vassall.
Tropics, 669-(372 ; of Cancer (Northern),
156, 329, .345, 670, 672 ; of Capricorn,
670, 671 ; Torrid Zone, 330.
Troughton (see Through ton), 1033.
Truce, the, 256.
True Relation (Smith's), 181-183; True
and Sincere Declaration of the Virginia
Council, 337-353 ; True Declaration
(Virginia Council), 427, 428.
Tru.ston, Thomas, 221.
Tryshara (see Tresham), Mr. , fish-
monger, 281.
Tuam, in Ireland, 399.
Tucke, Mr. , 2.
Tucker, Capt. Daniel, 133, 218, 408, 538,
758, 773, 982. auto., 1033, 1034 ; Eliza-
beth, 1033 ; Elizabeth, 10:34 ; George,
1033 ; George, 1033 ; George, gent.,
547, 982, 1033, auto., 1034; Henry,
1033; John, 26, 1034; John, 830;
John, 1033 ; Mary, 1034; Robert. 1033 ;
Lieut. Thomas, 16, 1034; William,
886, 1034; William, gent., 469, 547,
886, 909, 1034.
Tuckfield, Mr. , 2.
Tudor. See Henry VII. and Henry VIII.
Tudor, Edward, VI. (1547-1553), re-
former, 2, 3, 838, 839, 850, 1018, 1039,
1054, 1063 ; Elizabeth, Queen of Eng-
land, reformer (1.558-1603), 3-26. 51,
263, 2G9, 285, 286, 310, 314, 372, 62-3,
637, 692, 749, 816, 819, 839, 840, 843,
844, 849, 850, 859, 880-883, 887, 901,
906, 907, 915, 917, 9i6, 935, 939, 944,
949, 950, 961-963, 965, 967, 970, 972,
976, 977, 991, 999, 1000, 1002, 10(3,
1021, 1022, 1026, 1033, 1034. 1041,
1045, Port., 1; Jasper, of Hatfield,
Duke of Bedford, 1054 ; Mary, Queen
of England, "Bloody Marv " (1.553-
1558), 3, 19, 819, 839, 901", 939, 963,
966, 967, 991, 1001, 1002, 1041, 1054,
1063.
Tue. Mrs. Mary, 933.
Tufton, Sir Nicholas, 796, 803, 851, 931,
993, 1034 ; Sir William, 1034.
Tuke, Sir Bryan, 996 ; Mary, 996.
Tuquoque, Cook's, 759.
Turkey in Asia, 885, 1023 ; in Europe,
1064.
Turkey, or Levant Company, 859, 860,
885, 1012, 1023, 1026.
Turkish man of war, 917 ; Turcism, 374 ;
Turks, 769, 785, 817, 905, 937, 1000-
1002. See Constantinople and Levant.
Turnbull, Joane, 1031.
Turner. Mrs. Anne, 940 ; Dawson, 483 ;
Dr. Peter, author, 212. 1035 ; Richard,
216, 1034, 1035 ; Richard, merchant,
306, 1035; Dr. William, 1035; Lieut.
William, 689, 704, 705, 714, 716, 718,
720, 721, 724, 734; WiUiam, 1035;
William, gent., 390.
Turners' Company of London, 227, 859 ;
Turners sent to Virginia, 248, 353,356,
470.
Turville, Turberville, Sir Ambrose, 545,
1035.
Twenge, Margaret, 1053 ; Marmaduke, ■
1053. 1
Twide. Richard, 6, 930, 1035.
Twisden, Roger, Esq., 1(135 ; Sir Roger,
1035 ; Sir William, 466, 543, 1035.
Tyas, Margaret, 996 ; Robert, 996.
Tvler's Histoi-y of American Literature,
416,* 612.
Tvndall. Tindall, Capt. Robert, author,
'survevor, etc., 106, 108, 109, 151. 1S8,
330, 399, 409, 457, 4.58, 461, 548, 1035 ;
INDEX.
IMl
Tiiulall shonldes, and Tindales pointe,
XLVI.
Tvrconnel, Earl of (Irish), 1035.
'■Tyrone, Count of" (Irish), 122-124,
832, 899, 940, 1035.
Tvrrel, Tiirel, Ann, 839; Francis, 217,
"1035 ; Sir Robert, 839.
Tyrwliit. See Tirwhit.
Tzekely, Moses, 1007.
Ulloa. See Sanchez.
Ulster, Ireland, 325, 611, 827, 828, 860,
937, 983.
Ultamatamakin (an Indian), 906.
Undertakers. See Adventurers.
Unique Prints, 354-356, 439, 445, 608,
761-7(i(i, 774-779, 797, 798.
United States, or Provinces, of Holland
and the Netherlands (Friesland, Gel-
derland, Groning-en, Holland, Overys-
sel, Utrecht, and Zeeland) : Flandei-s
meaning The Netherlands, 90, 137,649 ;
Holland, 111, 184, 268, 3-58,447,448,
473, 649, 689, 1056; Low Countries,
97, 114, 123, 180, .529, 530, .537, 1037 ;
Netherlands, 9, 15, 16, 17, 46, 255, 313,
336, 446-451, 830, 845, 859, 967, 1056,
1062 ; revolted states, 89 ; United
States, or Provinces, xiv, 46. 256, 269,
316, 735, 831 ; Amsterdam,' 830, 877,
972 ; Bergen-op-Zoom, 1063 ; Briel,
447 ; Flushing, 772, 885, 980 ; Hague,
148, 440, 446-451, 526, 1056; Home,
877 ; Leyden, 10.58.
Dutch (people), 184, 270, 607. 080,
745, 746, 780, 903, 938, 1034, 1061 ; in
Virginia, 106, 113, 516, .583 ; settlement
in America, 815, 816, 903 ; East India
Company, 327, 3.58, 873 ; man of war,
885 ; pirates, 1039 ; ships : Flying
Horse of Flushing, 772, Man-of-War
of Flushing, 885, 980, Half e Moon, 327,
358.
Hollanders, 37, 38, 98, 609, 666, 693,
745,811, 1060; rebels, 46, 88-91, 101,
244, 255.
Dutch (government), ambassadors
(see Caron, and, also, Carleton and
Winwood), 104; High and Mighty
Lords, High Mightinesses, the States
General, 148, 446-451, 680, 735, 737,
745, 746, 1056, 1061. See Barneveldt,
Maurice, etc.
Treaty with England, 9, 15, 16, 17 ;
truce with Spain, 256 ; war with Spain.
1.5, 17. (The names of many English-
men who fought in the Low Country
wars will be found in the list given un-
der Protestantism.)
The old Merchant Adventurers of
England traded to the Netherlands,
859. 1026. See Flanders, New Nether-
lands, Spain.
HoUand documents : resolutions of
the States General, 148, 446, 447, 737 ;
Van Meteren, extracts from, 327, 358 ;
James I. to the States General, 735 ;
replies of the States General, 4.50, 451,
737; Dutch charters. 680, 745, 746.
See letters from the English ambassa-
dors to the United I'rovinces : Sir Dud-
ley Carleton and Sir Ralph Winwood.
See, also, Noel de Caron, the Dutch
ambassador in England.
United States of xVmerica, The Genesis
of, V, xiii-xv, 2^1 : the embryo, 3, 4 ;
(Klizabeth concludes an alliance with
Cond^, 15()2 ; the Huguenot wars) ;
Huguenots massacred in Florida, the
survivors land in England and report
(1.565), 5 ; the spark kindled at Vera
Cruz (1568), 6, 7 ; Elizabeth deposed
by the Bull of the Pope (1570), 7; St.
Bartholomew in France (1572), 7 ; auto-
da-f^ in Mexico (1574), 8; the idea of
November 6, 1577 (Gilbert, Ralegh,
Grenville, etc.), 8. 9; the idea of Sid-
ney, Drake, Walsingham, Carleill, and
others (15>!5), 15-17 ; the war in the
United States of Holland, etc., 17 ; the
war with Spain. 15-26; the peace
which gave the opportunity (commend-
ed by the politician, pp. 289, 314) for
the settlement of English colonies
across the old Atlantic battle-ground in
the far distant land of Virginia, 27 ;
the royal charters granted, the enter-
prise taken in hand, and the seed planted
at Jamestown in Virginia, 2;t-8i)5 ;
which has proven "' a great tree," 637-
Sde under England. France. New Eng-
land, Protestantism. Romanism, Spain,
United States of Holland, etc , Virginia,
etc. See, also, John and Sebastian Cabot,
Queen Elizabeth, Sir Ferdinando
Gorges, Sir John Popham, Sir Thomas
Smith, James I., Lord De la WaiT, and
pp. 806-1070, passim.
University College, Oxford, 790.
Upkings, William, fishmonger, 281.
Urwyn (see Irwin), Mariana, 999; Sir
William, 999.
Usher, Archbishop, author, 1038.
Utopia, Sir Thomas Mores, 2, 31, 930,
953, 954.
Uzeda, Duke of (Spaniard), 938, 967.
Van Lore, Marv, 1036 ; Sir Peter (Dutch),
8114. 1035, 1036.
Van Medkerke, Alphonsus (Dutch), 804,
1036.
Van Meetkerke. Adolphus (Dutch), 1036.
Van Meteren. See Meteren.
Vane, Sir Henry, 467, 545, 803. 1036 ; Sir
Henry, Jr.. author, 103() ; '" Lord Spen-
cer's daughter," 180.
Vargas, Gaspar de (Spaniard), 521.
Varney, Capt. John, 16.
Va<?s.aH, John, Sr., UrM'i ; John, gent.
(Huguenot), 223, 1036; John, 1036;
1142
INDEX.
Samuel, 846, 1004, 1036; William,
1030.
Vaughan, Edward, 224, 1036 ; Capt. John,
16; John, Esq.. 546, (\:1S, 63 J, 1036,
1037; Owen, Wd6; Thomas, 1U37 ;
Sir Walter, 407, 545, 1037 ; Sir Wil-
liam, author, 841, 1037.
Vaux, Lord, 610, 928.
Veer, Albert de (Dutch), 447; Gerald de
(Dutch), 1012.
Velada, Marques de (Spaniard), 622.
Velasco, Velasquez, Don Alonso de, Span-
ish ambassador in England (1610-1613),
387, 3y2, 3y3, 418, 426-428, 442, 455,
457, 473, 476, 4SM, 495, 509, 510, 523-
525, 527, 528, 531, 533, 537, 5.53, 554,
556, 560, 569, 575, 593, 602, 603, 610,
621, 622, 631, 633, 634, 636, 638, 639,
645. 646, 652, 654, 657-659, 849^ 1037,
1067 ; (his daughter-in-law, 537 ; his
sister, 537) ; Juan Ferdinand de, Span-
ish ambassador to England (1604), 126,
1037; Louis de, 844; Don Luis de,
967.
Venetian ambassador (1522), 838.
Venetians, 455, 645, 646, 650, 674.
Venice, 650, 667, 691, 697, 1000.^
Venice, a gentleman of, 645, 646, 650.
Venice glass, 914.
Venison, 86, 163, 425, 485, 486.
Venne, Fenne, Arthur, gent., 216; Hugh,
1037 ; Richard, haberdasher, 228, 1037.
Vennor, or Feunor, Capt. Thomas, 16,
889.
Vera Cruz, 6, 7, 568, 793, 947.
Vere, Anne, 1038 ; Catherine, 1038 ; Dor-
othy, 1038, 1057 ; Edward. 1038 ; Eliza-
beth, 1038; Elizabeth (Vere-Stanley),
Countess of Derby, 542, 1038 ; Frances,
910; Sir Francis," 834, 925, 948, 959,
964, 1003, 1011.1037, 1038; Geoffrey
de, 1037; Sir Horatio, 180, 210, 231,
447, 831, 833, 834, 901, 910, 962, 1032,
1037, 1038, 10.57, Port, 981; John,
1037 ; Mary, 1038 ; Lady Susan, 920.
Vernon, Elizabeth, 1063; John, Esq.,
1063.
Verrazano, Verazan, Vererzamis, etc.,
Florentine navigator, 10, 769.
Verton, Monsieur (French), 1022.
Vertue, Christopher, vintner, 226, 1038.
Verulam, Lord. — Sir Francis Bacon.
Vespucius, Americus, Florentine naviga-
tor, 839, 953. 954.
Vessels. See Naval Affairs.
Vestry minutes, 571. 572.
Vestry in Virginia, 904.
Vesy, William, 978.
Vicars, Vigars, John, merchant-tailor,
305, 390.
Viceroy. See President of the Indies.
Victoria, present Queen of England, 1027.
Victuals. See Provisions.
Vieta, or Vi^te, Francois, French mathe-
matician (1540-1603), 910.
Villa Diego, Villa James, and Villiaco
See Jamestown.
Villa Floi-es. See Zuniga.
Villa Franca, Marques de (Spaniard),
622.
Villa Mediana, Count of (see Taxis), 1067.
Villeroy, Mons. de (French), 622, 677,
757, 1037, 1038.
Villiers, Anne, 1038 ; Sir Edward, 990 ;
George, Viscount, 795, 818, 821, 822,
864, 867, 877, 879, 903, 941, 951, 965,
1032, 1038, 1039, 1051, 1062.
Vincent, Mr. , 14 ; Henry, 224, 468,
1039.
Vines, Richard, 779, 1039.
Vines, 86, 160, 164, 166, 265, 317, 409,
410, 482, 502, 504-506, 533; vine-
dressers, 248, 353, 356; " vinearoones,"
410 ; vineyards, 455 ; vintage, 410.
Vintners' Company of London, 220, 250,
826, 831, 853, 858, 935. 983, 1038.
Virginia Britannia, bv W. Straehey, 47,
562-568 ; by W. Synionds, 282-291.
Virginia (34° to 45° N. Lat.), the land of:
general mentions, jjassim, see pp. 33-
35, 65, 80, 100, 134, 143, 147, 207, 208,
268, 271, 272. (279, 280), 288, 293, 327,
359, 372, 503, 639, 640, 820, 821, 860,
1(12-5-1027 ; named for and by Queen
Elizabeth, 13, 51, 286, 314, 372, 623,
693, 749, 1034 ; " the solitude of Vir-
ginia crying aloud for inhabitants,"
February 17, 1607, 820 ; '' the land of
Virginia descried about foure a clocke
in the morning," May' 'e, 1607, 156; de-
scriptions of, 109, 110, 136, 137, 140,
169, 195, 260, 279. 286, 288, 313-315,
321-324, 341 ; " Earth's only Para-
dise," 86, 162 ; "a Land more like the
garden of Eden : which the Lord
planted, than any part else of all the
Earth," 289 ; " Beautified by God, with
all the ornaments of nature, and en-
riched with his earthly treasures," 583 ;
" the island which they call," 102 ;
'■part of the Spanish Indies," 119, 120,
126, etc. See Bays, Capes, Climate,
Commodities. Fauna, Fish, Flora, Isl-
ands, Minerals, Mountains, Native In-
habitants, New Albion, New Britain,
New England, Physical Features, Riv-
ers, Soil, Spain, Virginia Colonies, etc.
Virginia (34° to 45° N. Lat.), the land
of. His Majesties Council for: vii,
45, 56, 57, ()ti, 75, 76, 78-80, 89, 91-
95, 102, 106, 113, 117, 118, 125, 141,
143, 147, 170, 171, 179, 199, 201, 207,
2.31, 232 ; they wielded authority under
v., VII.. and XII.; they issued VIL
and VIII.. and other documents now
probably lost.
Members of (see their biographies) :
J. Bagge, M. Berkeley. T. Challoner,
W. Cope, G Coppin H Croft. O. Crom-
well, J. Doddtridge, J. Eldred, T.
INDEX.
1143
Freake, J. Gilbert, F. Goi^es, B. Gren- I
ville, F. Greville, R. Hawkins, T. Hole-
croft, E. Hiingert'ord, T. Jiinies, R.
KUligrew, J. Mallet, R. Mansell, E.
Michelborne, B. Miehell, 11. Montague,
G. Moore, H. Neville, A. Palmer, F.
Pophain, E. Rog'ers. T. Roe, W. Roui-
ney, E. Sandys, J. Scott, E. Seymour, :
T. Smith, T. Smith clerk, of the Privy
Council, M. Sutcliffe, J. Trevor, W.
Wade, and T. Warr. Tlie work began
under the guidance of these men. See,
also. His Majesties Council for the
London Company of Virginia.
Virginia, North (4iJ^ to 45-^ N. Lat.), the
second colony, Company and Council of.
See under New England
Virginia, South (ot° to 4i)° N. Lat.), the
London Company for the first colony
of (p. .j4), afterwards received by tlieir
special charter the name of "' The
Treasurer and Company of Adven-
turers and Planters of the city of Lon-
don for the Colony in Virginia" (p.
22!)) : general mentions, passim, see pp.
T-xv, xvii, I, 3,8, l;}, 17, 20, 24, 52-54,
58, 73, 177, 178, 181, 184, 199, 228,
229, 249, 252-254, 276, 277, 283, 284,
286, 295, 296, 313, 316, 317, 332, 402-
413, 458, 542, 593, 594. 597, 665, 680,
681, 689, 722-724, 730-733, 735, 751,
752, 760, 766, 780, 798, 802-805, 807,
808, 859, 860, 1013, 1017.
Incorporation of. see Adventurers, In-
corporators, Planters, Subscribers, and
Undertakers ; also. Captains, Cities,
Citizens, City Companies, Corporations,
Countesses, Doctors, Esquires, Gentle-
men, Knights, Ladies, Lawyers, Lord-
Mayors, Merchants, Ministers, Noble-
men, Parliament, Peers, Widows, and
Yeoman.
Organization of, see Auditor, Beadle,
Bookkeeper, Cashier, Clerks, Commit-
tees, Council, Courts, Deputy-Treasu-
rer, Husband, Secretary, and Treasurer.
Records of, vi-x, 64, 428, 4'JO, 464, 466,
807, 803, 874, 890, 934, 935, 1008, 1016,
1041, 1042, 1062, 1063; mostly missing,
but the originals of the following were
probably filed away " in the compa-
nies chest of evidences": V, VL,
viL, VIII., xn.,xix.,xxi, xxii.,
XXIII., XLIX., LXVL, LXVII,
LXXIL, C, CIL, CXXL, CXXIL,
CXXXIII., CLVi., CLV-., CLIX.,
CLXL, CLXIL, CLXIIL, CLXXIIIi.,
CLXXIII'., CXCIV., CC, CCIIL,
CCLXXIV., CCCXXI., CCCLXL,
CCCLXIV. See Documents (not found).
Sundry references : Business of Vir-
ginia, 655-657 ; charge of transpor-
tation, 252 ; crucial test, 599 ; direc-
tions, 75-79 ; ends of, 339 ; enterprise
of charge, 503 ; feasible, 339, ;J40 ;
friends, 367, 619 ; generalitie, 456 ;
honour, 3.52, 798 ; inconvenience, 342 ;
instruments, 77 ; means, 4(i.3 ; money,
may coin, 58; new adventurere, 779;
noble, 33;), 34.) ; officers of, 233, 273 ;
old adveuturei-s, 779 ; piety, 352 ; ru-
moi-s (false), 354; "'trewe relation,"
Percy, 570; unmasking of Virginia,
83(i ; varnishing reports, 752 ; ways,
339, 341. See Advice, American en-
terprises. Articles, Bills, Broadsides,
Chartei-s, Colonies. Commissions, Com-
panies, Councils, Darkest hour. Decla-
rations, Dedications, Diplomacy, Dis-
couragements, Discourses, Discoveries,
Documents, Emigrants, Encourage-
ments, "Epistles Dedicatorie," Evi-
dence, Factions, Founders, France, In-
structions, Laws, Letters, Lists, Lot-
tery, Managers, Maps, Narratives, Ob-
jections, Objects, Orders, Parliament,
Patrons, Peace, Protestantism, Rela-
tions, Remarks, Reports, Ronaanism,
Seal, Sermons, Spain, State, Subscrib-
ers, Tracts, Trades, United Provinces,
Virginia Colony, Voyages, etc.
Virginia, South '(34° to 40° N. Lat.),
the London Company, etc , His Majes-
ties Council for : viii, x, xii-xiv, 205,
207, 231-240, 247, 249, 250, 252-254,
272, 277, 279, 302, 307, 308, 314, 316,
324, 330, 331, 336-358, 368, 369, 373,
376-384, 392, 428, 439, 445, 461-470,
477, 488-497, 530, 532, 533, 548, 549,
551, 5.5.5, 5.58, 559, .596, 608, 611, 616,
637, 661, 677, 679, 685, 687, 730-733,
752, 761, 775-779, 796-799 (801), 1025,
1028. _
Their authority began with the com-
pany's first special charter, LX\'I ,
and thev were the authors of : LXVII.,
LXX.,'LXXII. C, CXIV., CXV.,
CXXL, CXXIL, CXL., CXLIL,
CXLVIIL, CLXI. CLXIIL, CCX.,
CCLIIL, CCCXVIL, CCCXLII.,
CCCLIIL, CCCLXII — CCLXIIL and
CCCLXIII- were written by membei-s
of this council, and I think that
LXVIII , LXXX., and CCXCIV. were
also. Nearly all of their prints have
been collected together in this work,
but their written records are still very
largely wanting. See Documents (not
found).
Members of (see their biographies).
The following were mai|iigers from the
first (231, 232) : F. Bacon, M. Berke-
ley, G. Bridges, C. Brooke, G. Carew,
H. Carey. E. Cecil. T. Cecil, T. Chal-
loner, H. Clinton, E. Conway, W. Cope,
G. Coppin. O. Cromwell, D. Digges.
R. Drurv, J. Eldred, H. Fanshawe, T.
G.ates. W. Godolphin, W. Herbert, B.
Hieks, H. Hobart, Theo. Howard. R.
Killigrew, R. Mansell, P. Manwood, H.
1144
INDEX.
Montague, J. Montague, H. Neville,
W. Parker, S. Poole, A, Preston, T.
Roe, W. Romney, E. [Sandys, J. Scott,
E. Sheffield, R Sidney, T. Smith, M.
Sonds, J. Stanhope, J. Trevor, H. Vere,
W. Wade, J. Watts, H. Weld, T. West,
R. Williamson, J. Wolstenholme, H.
Wriothesley, and E Zouch. Added
during IGOJ-lOll! (.348, 54y) : J. Bing-
ley, W- Cavendish, T. Dale, T. Freake,
R. Grobham, J. Harrington, P. Her-
bert, A. Ingram, C Maicott, R. Mar-
tin, W. Paget, W. St. John, J. Samms,
S. Sandys, and T. Watson. Added
during 1012-1(316 (790, 797) : M. Ab-
bot, A. Aucher, W. Bourchier, N. But-
ler, R. Chamberlaine, T. Cheeke, L.
Craufield, J. Davers, F. Egiocke, J. Far-
rar, T. Gibbs, W. Greenwell, E. Har-
wood, J. Hay, R. Heath, R. Johnson,
R. Offley, R. Phillipps, H. Rainsford,
N. Rich, R. Rich, G. Thorpe, N. Tuf-
ton, J. Wrothe, and G. Yeardley. Added
during 1017-1024 : J. Bland. N. Fer-
rar, L. Hide, J. King, H. May, W.
Maynard, J. Ogle. G. Scott. R. Tom-
lins, H. West, T. Wheatley, J. White,
and others. See, also. His Majesties
Council of Virginia (34^ to 4.5° N. Lat.),
under whose guidance the first experi-
ments were made, and of New England
in continuance of the work.
Virginia (34° to 40° N. Lat.), First Colony
of : General mentions, passim, see pp.
29, 115, 327, 361, 365-367, 369, 376, 440,
443, 452, 465, 6-39. 640, 679-681, 735,
766, 768, 769, 772, 773, 782, 800, 805,
808, 860; accounts of, English, 109,
110, 112-114, 151-180, 238-243, 248,
252, 253, 265, 268, 270, 272-277, 317,
330, 331, 3.34, 335, 337-354, 400-417,
419-439, 445, 448, 449, 477-494, 497-
508, 558, 559, 562-568, 576, 578-588,
623-626, 640-645, 689, 691, 693, 746-
752, 775-779, 783, 789, 790, 794, 795,
797, 798 ; French, 142, 595, 596, 702,
716, 717 ; Irish, 393-399 ; Spanish, 88,
110, 116-127, 144, 172, 243-247, 326,
336, 418, 427, 443, 45.5-457, 509-523,
634, 638, 64.5-654, 659-662,680,681,
738-745, 759; John Smith's. 181-183,
199-204,597-601, 784-788; beginning,
xvii, 348, 779, 800 ; bounds of, 52, .53,
207, 208, 229, 230, .541 ; charters, 46-
63, 206-237, .540-553 ; first instructions,
orders, and ftdvice, 6-5-85, 102 ; planta-
tion of, 290, 291, .301, 3i)2, 304, 305,
312-315, 776-779, 789. 797, 798, 805,
1027, 1048 ; established, 805.
Sundry references to : Advantages,
646 ; advertisement, .507, 509 ; art, 266,
301 ; deserts, 457 ; duel, 889, 913, 1049 ;
expectations, 647; "farewell peale,"
406; freshwateTs, 156; freshets, 5U7 ; i
gallows, 703; idleness, 752; industry,
266, 301 ; in jeopardy, 689 : leave to re-
turn from, 798 ; license to go to, 234 ;
medowes, 156 ; na>are, 265, 266, 301 ;
number in, 82, 519, 520, 662, 782, 1016,
1064 ; nurseries, 504 ; passage through,
327; pastures, 176, 314, 481 ; proceed-
ings in, 48, (iOl ; j)roclamations, 493 ;
public lands, 873 ; salt sea (lake), 793;
" seates," 504, 505; shoes, 516, 7l8 ;
table for gentlemen, 500 ; tombstone,
150, 151 ; vestry in, 904. See Aban-
donment, Cross. Descriptions, Discover-
ies, Diseases, Documents, Emigrants,
England, Firsts, Fortifications, Foun-
dation, Good News, Houses, James
River and Town, Landowners, Laws,
Maps, Parliament, Plays, Poems, Pris-
oners, Protestant Colony, Provisions,
Sermons, Ships, Spain, Virginia (the
land of), Vojages, etc.
Council in, 55-57, 64, 67, 69, 70, 73,
75-79, 85,89, 93, 94, 106, 108, 167, 168,
174, 176, 179, 182, 183, 206, 207. 234,
331, 332, 334, 335, 402-413, 492, 493,
538 (801). See Archer, Argall, Gates,
Gosnold, Kendall, Maitin, Newport,
Percy, Powell, Ratcliffe, Scrivener,
Smith, Somers, Strachey, Waldo, Wen-
man, the Wests, Wingfield, Winne, or
Wynne, and Yeardley. And in refer-
ence to this colony see, also, Bar-
grave, Berkeley, Biard, Bland, Bohun,
Brewster, Buck, Butler, Calvert,
Clarke, Crashaw, Dale, Davises,
Digges, Donne, Elfrith, Erondelle, Ev-
elin, Felgate, Ferrar, Fleet, Graves,
Hamer, Hansford, Harrisons, Hawkins,
Holecroft, Joi"dan, Keith, Lovelace,
Maddison, Mease, Molina, Monson,
Nelson, Newce, Pawlet, Peirsey, Per-
kins, Phetti Places, Pocahontas, Poole,
Pory, Powhatan, Pring, Rich, Rolfe, ■
Saint Leger, Sandys, Savage, Shelley, fl
Spelman, Studley, Swift, Taverner, ■
Thorpe, Todkill, Tracy, Tradescant,
Tuckers, Turner, Tyndall, Vassall,
W^ests, Whitaker, White, Wiekham,
Wiffins, Winter, Wood, Woodall.Wood-
house, Woodlilfe, Wor.sley, and Zouche.
Virginia, state of, 860 ; Library, 150,
242 ; Land Office, 91 ; Register's Office,
64, 65 ; University, 43, 475, 733 ; His-
torical Register, 790, 995 ; Historical
Society, 488 ; Papers, 861, 879, 1<;06 (see
Docuinents) ; Records at Washington,
X, 460, 874, m), 934, 935, 1008, 1016,
1042, 1062, 1063.
Virginia and Maryland (tract), 51.
Virginian boy, an Indian, who could
write, 101)5,' 1031 ; colonel, 30, 32.
Visitation of London, referred to, 89.3,
904, 914, 9;]6, 954, OSC), 990, 1000,1039,
1042, 1044 ; of Essex, 901.
Visscher's drawing of London in 1616,
frontispiece to vol. ii.
INDEX.
1U5
Vittars, Sebastian, 548.
Volday. See Faldo.
Voyag'es to America prior to 1600:
Cabot, 2, Too ; Here, 2 ; Ribauk, 4,
590 ; Hawkins (three), 4-7, 5(1S, (574,
792, 793, lOJtJ ; Stiikeley, 4 ; Frobisher
(three), 8, 072, 795 ; Gilbert (two), i)-
12, 672 ; Drake's circumnavig^ation, 9,
672, 795; Ferdinanclo, 89J ; Walker,
104U; Fenton, 10; Davys (three), 12,
672 ; Aniad;is and Barlow, i'-i, 749,
793, 794 ; GrenviUe (two), 14, 15, 17,
18, 457, 567, (572, 749, 794 ; Bernard
Drake, 14 ; Drake-Carleill-Frobisher,
15-17, 675, 792-794, lOlil ; Clifford's
naval raids, 18, 22, 23, 106 1 ; Caven-
dish's circumnavigation. 18, 21 ; White^
18, 19 ; Watts, 21 ; Newport (two),
21, 22, 27 ; Lancaster, 22, 23 ; Gaorg-e
Drake, 23 ; Strong, 23 ; Weymouth's
first, 23 ; Wyet, 23 ; Parker- Whiddon,
23; Dudley, 23; Ralegh, 2J J ; Drake-
Hawkins, 23, 075 ; Keymis, 23 ; Pres-
ton-Soraers, 24 ; Sherlev, 24 ; Parker,
24, 25 ; AslJey, 25 : Mace, 26 ; Wey-
mouth's second, 23, 70 ; Pring, 20 ;
Areher-Gilbert-Gosnold, 26, 48, 457,
459; B. Gilbert, 20, 27; de Hants,
322 ; Charles Leigh, 27 ; Champlaine,
27, 457, 459, 670 ; AVeymouth's third,
V, 27, 48, 50, 457, 459. See the com-
manders given in the above list, and
also, Arundell, Ashley, Baskerville,
Borough, Button, Butts, Cartier, Capt.
William Cecil, Chichester, Chudleigh,
Coitmore, Columbus. John Drake,
Fenner, A. Gilbert, Gorges, Hauham,
Hampton, Harlot, Richard Hawkins,
Ingram, Kendall, Knollys, Lane, Lau-
donni^re. Lodge, Capt. John Martin,
Menendez, Rastel, Seeley (Sir Philip
Sidney), Soto, Thome, Verrazano, Ves-
pucius. Wade, Winter, Wood, Wright,
etc.
Voyages to the Bermudas (1603-16) :
The wreck of the Sea Venture (1609),
752, 753 (see The Tempest and the voy-
age of the fleet (1009) to South Vir-
ginia) ; Somers in the Patience from
Virginia (1310-11), 754 (see biogra-
phy of Sir George Somers) ; Capt.
Moore in the Plough (1012), 557, 5S9,
755 ; the Elizabeth, Capt. Adams, on
her way to South Virginia (1013), 002,
603, 638 ; the Martha (1013) [002, 003,
621?], 633; the Elizabeth, Capt. Ad-
ams, on her second voyage to South
Virginia (1013-14), left the Island in
the winter of 1613-14, and about a
month after, two Spanish ships recon-
noitred the island, 035, 734 ; about a
month after the Spanish ships left,
Capt. Elfrith arrived with a Spanish
prize, 8S5 ; the fleet for fortifying and
defending the island against the Span-
iards, the Blessing, the Starr, the Mar-
garet, the Thomas, and the Edwin
(and the "Mateo" 0S2 :'), sailed in
1614 (and arrived in April and May of
that year), 080, 682, 684, 759; the
Welcome (1615), 767 ; the Edwins
second voyage (1015), 824; the George
(16]()), 774; the Edwin's third voy-
age (1610), 824; proposed voyages,
560, 634. See Voyages to South Vir-
ginia. See under Ships, and biogra-
phies of Commanders. Captains, etc.,
Adams, Bargrave, Elfrith, Gates,
Moore, Newport, Somers, Tucker, etc.
Voyages to North Virginia, or New Eng-
land (1000-1616) : Champlaine (lt>U4,
1605, and 1()0()), 457, 459, (i76 ; Pou-
trincourt (1606), 534; Challons, in the
Richard (1606), 64, 95-98, lOl, 114,
115, 119, 122, 127-139, 148-150, 183,
184, 758; (Bingley's voyage of, 1636-
1607, to North or South Virginia,
119); Hanham-Pring (l(i;)()-1007), (Jl,
96, 98, 99, 457, 4.59 ; Popham-Gilbert-
Davis (1607), in the Gift of God and
the Mary and John, 96, 102, 121, 14 ),
141, 144, 145, 190-194, 197, 459, 535,
536, 567 ; Davis (16 )^), 178, 179, 197,
535, 536 ; voyage of January 10)09 (?),
198, 243; of' March 5, 16)9 (?), 247;
Hudson in the Half Moon (16i)9), 327,
457, 450 ; Somers in the Patience
(1610), 401, 408, 415, 428, 750,754;
Argall in the Discovery (1610), 408,
428-439, 459, 750 ; Poutrincourt (1010),
375, 534, 098 ; Bieneourt in the Grace
of God (161 1), 475, 476, 533, (598 ; Har-
lev-Hobson (1611), 470, 471, 532, 534,
53(>, 720; Saussaye (1613), 700, etc.
(see Biard, Saussaye, etc.) ; Argall-
Turner, in the Treasurer, etc. (161:1),
Jirst vo'/age, (5-14, 062, (564, 676-()S0,
6S9, 69i)-734, 741, 742, 745, 751 ; Ar-
gall-Turner, with the Treasurer, the
French ship, etc. (1613), second voyage,
689, 699-734, 741, 742, 745, 751, 757;
Poutrincourt. in La Prime (1(')13-14),
726-72t); Harley-Hobson (1()14). 729;
Hunt-Smith (1614), 680, 736; sundry
voyages (1615), 769; Dermer (1615),
769; Hawkins (1015) [went on to
South Virginia], 771; Vines (lOKi).
779; sundry voyages, 77!*, 78 > ; pro-
posed voyages, 197, 198 ; questionable
voyages. 111, 243. See the biographies
of the captains of the various voy-
ages, and in the Index, the comprehen-
sive heading. Ships, especially for voy-
ages after lOlG.
Voyages to South Virginia (1606-10)
(Bingley's of 1606-07, w:is this voy-
age sent out by the North or Scmth
Virginia Company? 119); Newport-
Gosnold-Rateliffe, in the Sarah, or Si-
san Constant, Goodspeed, or Godspeed,
1146
INDEX.
and Discovery, or Discoverer (16C6-
07), 76-»7, 98, 105, 106, 109, 112,
110, 142, 151-1(38, 817, 341, ;]48, 749,
795 ; Newport-Nelson, in the John and
Francis and the Phcenix (i007-U8),
110, 118, 121, 124, 151, 172-178, 180,
341, 348, 393-399; Newport, in the
Mary and Margaret (10U8), 172, 178,
198-200,205, 341, 342, 348, 396; (Hud-
son on the coast ( 1609), 327) ; Argall,
in a small ship for the discovery of a
shorter way (16U9), 307, 327, 330, 332,
334, 342-344, 749 ; Gates Somers-New-
port, and other captains (see p. 329),
in the Diamond, Falcon, Blessing,
Unity, Lion, iSwallow, Virginia, '' a
catch," " a pinnace," and the Sea Ven-
ture, and from the Bermudas in the
Patience and Deliverance (1609-10),
317, 320, 324, 328-334, 336, 342, 345-
347, 354, 357, 365, 392, 393, 399-427,
455, 456, 473, 483, 484, 520, 528, 529,
563, 016-018, 625, 749, 752-754 ; Lord
De La Warr-Wenman-Argall, etc., in
the De La Warr, Blessing, and Hercu-
les (1610), 317, 324, 336, 350, 355-358,
381, 386, 388, 392, 401-404, 413, 414,
423-426, 474, 476-483, 489, 490, 494,
495, 018, 626,*749, 750; the Dainty
(1010), 393, 428 ; the Hercules (1610-
11), 439-441, 488-492, 497; Dale,
with the Star, Prosperous, and Eliza-
beth (1611), 445-448, 451, 452, 461-
463, 489-494, 497, 518-520, 523, 528,
529, 532. 614; Gates, with the Swan,
the Trial, one other ship, and three
carvells (1611), 445, 448-452, 462, 403,
469, 471, 473, 474, 494, 498, 520, 532,
619; Spanish voyage (1611), 497, 507-
527, 531; the Sarah (1612), 554, 557
(569) (577, 578) ; the John and Fran-
cis (1611-12), 528, 538, 554, 557 (56!!)
(577-578) (640) ; the Treasurer (1012-
14), 336, 475 (493), 528, 570,_ 573,
040^0)45 (see Vovages to North Virgin-
ia, 1()13), 725, 730, 737, 743; the Eliz-
abeth (1613), 578, 602, 003, ()08, 638,
639, 645, 600; the Elizabeth (1613-
14), 659, 660-()63, 675, 689, 691, 741,
742, 750; the John and Francis (1614-
15), 739, 752 (762) ; the Flying Horse
of Flushing (1615), 772; Hawkins,
from North Virginia (1()15-10), 917;
the Treasurer (1615-16), v, 760 (702),
782; the Susan (1016), 790.
Ships mentioned that I am unable to
identify with certainty, 569, 570, 572,
577, 578, 596, 632.
Proposed vovages which I am unable
to locate, 418, 427, 443, 554, 002, 685.
Questionable voyages. 111, 24;*, 59().
See Naval affairs, and Ships, and the
biographies of (Captains, Commanders,
etc., Adams, Archer, Argall, Barsrrave,
Clarke, I>ale, Davis, or Davies, Elfrith,
Fitch, Gates, Gosnold, Hawkins, King,
Martin, Moore, Nelson, Newport, Pett,
Poole, Powell, Pring, Ratcliffe, Somers,
Tucker, Turner, Tyndall, Webb, and
Wood. The names of many of the
commanders of ships are still unknown.
Voyages to North America after 1616.
See Ships: Abigail, 887, 1011; Black
Hodge, or Margaret and John, 830,
831 ; Blessing, 1030 ; Discovery, 970 ;
Edwin, 824, 943 ; Flushing, man-of-
war, 885, 980 ; Margaret of Bristol,
1060; Mayflower, 855, 8(i2, 902, 905,
943 ; Neptune, 902 ; Providence, 855 ;
Silver Falcon, 1066; Supply, 10.32;
Temperance, 1024 ; Treasurer, 816,
885, 880, 968, 980, 987. See the Biog-
raphies, passim.
Voyages to South America : Legate
(1000), 64, 101, 122, 138, 139; Har-
court. White, etc. (1009), 910, 1057 ;
Roe (1010-1611), 357, 358, 375, 454,
473 ; Roe (sent two voyages between
1611 and 1615), 984, 985; (Fisher-El-
frith, 1613, one of Roe's voyages, or
under the Harcourt charter ? see pp.
687, 885) ; Edward Harvey (1610-17),
910; Ralegh (1017-18); 774; Ra-
legh's design of going to Guiana was
known to the Spaniards as early as
November, 16C9, see p. 333. See
Guiana, and the biographies of the
commanders of the various voyages.
Voyages to the Northwest of America :
Knight (1606), 64 ; Hudson (1007), 102,
118; Hudson (1610-11), 358, 388,
4f6, 497, 556, 561, .573; Button (1612-
1613), 5.56, 067 ; Gibbons (1014), 686;
Byleth and Baffin (1615), 707 ; Byleth
and Baffin (1616), 779. See Northwest
Passage Company, the biographies of
the commanders and of Digges, Sir
Thomas Smythe, Wolstenholme, etc.
For other Voyages, see Africa (Algiers
and Guinea), C berry Island, East In-
dia, (Jreenland, Japan. Russia, Spitz-
bergen, Turkey, West Indies, etc. See,
also, under Ships.
Waad, Wade, Armigil, 2, 1039 ; Nathan-
iel, 220, 1039 ; Thomas, 20 ; Sir Wil-
liam, diplomat, etc., 66, 89, 92, 141,
143, 173, 210, 231, 240,384, 466, .594,
748, 889, 1013, 1039, auto., 1040, Port.,
991.
Waddall. See Woodall.
Wadham, Nicholas, 965.
Waghenaer. Dutch geographer, 817.
Waiman (Wevmouth ?), Capt., 113.
Wainscot, 20.'^, 268, 425.
Walcott, Humphrey, grocer, 257, 387-
3S9, 558, 591, 687.
Walden, Edmund, 20.
W.aldo, Capt. Richard, 178, 201, 214,
1040.
Waldrond, John, 133.
INDEX.
1147
Wale, Thomas, 1040; Thomas, 469, 548,
171, 'JS2, 1040.
Wales, 5, 70."), 721, 723.
Wal'ford's Old and New London, 1040.
Walker, George, 1(57 ; George, sadler,
222, 1040; John, ID, S'.)7, 1040; Thomas,
Esq., 214, 1040, 1041.
Waller (see Wooller), Anne, 1040; Ed-
mond, poet, S2:^., 101);5, 1017, 1041;
Eleanor, 001 ; Capt. Henry, 82o ; John,
Esq., 214, 407, 1041; Owen, 1040;
William, 001 ; Sir William, 000.
Wallingford, Viscount. — William Knol-
Ivs.
Walnut oil, 385 ; trees, 107, 164, 16G, 385,
42.5, 587, 650 ; walnuts, 425, 700.
Walsingham, Sir Edmund, 1041 ; Frances,
845, 877, 1002, 1041, 1045, 1040; Sir
Francis, reformer, diplom;it, statesman,
etc., 1, 7, 10-13, 15, 825, s;J2, 844, 845,
840, 877, 890, 896, 905, 908, 93 J, 935,
950, 1002, 1041, 1045, 1046, 1060, Port,
1001 ; Mary, 9.50 ; Marv, 845, 1041 ; Sir
Thomas, 467, 54:^, 1041 ; William, 1041.
Walter, Edward, 1041 ; John, Esq., 546,
770, 802, 1041, 1042.
Walton, Izaak, author, 1061.
Walthall, Elizabeth, 983 ; William, 983.
Wanton, John, 984.
Waplade, Ellen, 931 ; Thomas, 931.
War in prospective with Spain, 124, 166,
255. 443, 564, 630, 656, 693, 736, 775,
lOK).
War with the Indians in Virginia, 164,
167, 775. Sse Massacre by the Indians.
See under Protestantism.
AVarbuiton, George, gent., 978 ; Bishop,
979.
Ward, John, poet, 1026 ; Richard, 2 ;
William, 804, 1043.
Ware Park, 654.
Warman, Richard, 1019.
Warner, Charles Dudley, 788 ; John,
1042 ; Richard, 469, 548, 1043 ; Walter,
mathematician, 106, 113, 114, 910, 965,
11)42.
Warrasqueakes, Indians, 1034 ; Warras-
koyacks, 189, 908 ; Warriscoes Country,
385.
Wane, Roger, Esq., 969, 1042; Thomas,
Esq., 6(), 92, 4()7, 546, 1043.
Warren, Joane, 866 ; Joan, 868 ; Henry,
9;)6 ; Margaret, 931 ; Sir Rafe, 868 ;
Robert, 8!U5.
Warwick, Earl of. — Robert Rich.
Warwick County and River, Virginia,
•)S1.
Washbourne, Mrs Anne, 992.
Washington, Alice, 996 ; Elizabeth, 1001 ;
General George, 815, 834, 888, 990,
996 1021, 103,); Colonel Henry, 996;
John, the emigrant ancestor, 8l5, 990,
99(i, 1051 ; Rev. Laurence, 815, 974,
990, 1051; Mr. Liiurence, 815, 1011;
Laurence, 996 ; Laurence, 990 ; Lau-
rence of Garesdon, 1001 ; Mary, 815 ;
Mary, 1011; William, 1039; "The
mother of Washington," 987 ; " The
Washingtons of Sulgrave," 1021 ; " The
Washingtons of Virginia," 956, 996 ;
Washing-ton arms, 893.
Washington, D. C. (see Library of Con-
gress, and Peter Force), 460, 781, 1021.
Water [Watei-son ?|, Mr. Warden of the
stationei's, 373.
Waterhouse, David, Esq. (see Wood-
house), 467, 829, 1042; Sir Edward
(1591), 1042 ; Edward, author, 49, 833,
1043 ; Sir Edward, 211, 1042 ; Edward
(1670), author, 1042; Robert, 1042;
Lieut. , 16.
Waters, Edward, 804, 888, 1042, 1043 ;
Henry F. (see New England Register,
also), 990; Margaret, 1043; Robert,
1043 ; William, 1043.
Waterson (see Water), Master Simon, sta-
tioner, 337.
Watkins Point, CLVIII.
^Vatson, Th. : gent., 181 ; Sir Thomas,
214, 467, 549, 1043.
Wattey, William, 218.
Watts," Sir John, 21, 99, 198, 212, 232,
466, 770, 977, 1043, 1044; Sir John,
Jr., 1043, 1044 ; Thomas, 1043.
" Watts," quoted, 1059.
Waynam, Wayneman. See Weynman.
Waynewright, John, merchant - tailor,
305.
Weanoke. See Weyonoke.
Weaver, Mr. , stationer, 293.
Webbe, Edward, author, 219, 1044;
George, gent., 224 ; Capt George, 408,
782, 1044; Rice, 468; Rich.ard, 22^,
771, 1044; Sandys, gent., 216, 1044;
Thomas, 214, 1044 ; Thomas, 219, 1044 ;
Capt. , 329, 641 ; William, see
Husband of the Virginia Company.
Webster, Hon. Daniel, xvii, xviii ; John,
dramatist, 1026, 1044; William, 218,
770, 1044.
Weeks, M. , 2 ; Thomas, clothworker,
277, 1044.
Welbv, William, stationer, 181, 222, 283,
293-295, 35(>, 373, 445, 468, 471, 478,
538, ,558, 559, .571, 609, 612, 621, 657,
746, 759, 765, 771, 1044.
Welch, Edward, 221, 1044.
Weld, Wild, Sir Humphrey, grocer, 210,
231, 250, 252, 254, 257, 2.58, 277, 278,
306, 315, 324, 326, 388, 1044, 10.53;
Joane, 1004; John, 1004; John, 1044;
John, Esq., 390, 467, .54(i, 1044, 1052 ;
John, gent., 390, 771, 1044, 1045 ; Rob-
ert, 408.
Wellen, Cornelius, merchant tailor, 305.
Wells, Thomas, 225, 771, 1045; William,
1045.
Wenmau. See Weynman.
Wennington, Agnes, 91S ; William, 918.
Wentworth. Dorothy, 893 ; Sir John, 467,
1148
INDEX.
1045; Thomas, Lord, 893; Thomas,
Esq., 546 (U79), 1045.
Werawocomoco (see Werowocomoco, etc.),
LVII.
Werowance of Paspihe, 159, 162, 16.3,
185, 349 ; of Rapahamia, 159-161, 166.
Werowocomoco, or Worowocomoco, 151,
187, 188, .504.
Wessaponson, 996.
West, Amie, 1022, 1045; Anne, 1045;
Anne, 1047 ; Cicily, Lady de la Warr,
968, 1001, 1048; Elizabeth, 963, 1045;
Frances, 963, 1047 ; Capt. Francis, Esq.,
210, 331, 332, 334, 484, 943 (1005),
1045, 1046, 1047 ; Helena, 1045 ; Henry,
fourth Lord, 884, 959, 1048 ; Jane, 1049 ;
John, 889 ; Mr. John, grocer, 219, 387,
389, 468, 771, 861, 913, 914, 1047, 1048 ;
John, Jr., grocer, 590, 1048 ; John, Esq.,
804, 1045, 1047 ; (Mr. John, 1'82) ; John,
1047; Katherine, 1045; "Katharine
(Fust ?), now Lady Conway," 219, 861,
1048 ; Hon. Sir L. S. backville-, xvii,
1049; Lettiee, 1045; Mary, 913, 914,
1048 ; Nathaniel, 804, 963, 1045-1047,
1048 ; Nathaniel, Jr., 1047 ; Penelope,
1002, 1045; Robert, 1045; Thomas,
eighth Lord, 1046; Thomas, second
Lord, 1045, 1046, 1048 ; Thomas, third
Lord, author, 209, 231, 239, 244, 255,
317, 318, 324, 331, 334, 336, 337, 345,
350, 352, 355, 357, 358, 361, 370, 872,
373, 375-386, 388, 392, 400-402, 413,
417, 418, 423, 425, 427, 437, 462, 474,
476-478, 483, 489, 490, 494, 528, 529,
554, 562, 567, 617, 618, 693, 696, 749-
751, 815, 830, 833, 924, 928, 935, 960,
963, 964, 968, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1019,
1020, 1045, 1046, 1048, auto., 1049,
10.58, 1066, Por^., 1011; Walsingham,
1045; William, first Lord, 1045, 1046;
Capt. William, 804, 1049 ; Mr. [Thom-
as ?], 1045, 1046; Capt. , 1005;
Mr. , 982.
West and Sherley Hundred. See West-
over.
West Indies. [The reference sometimes
includes all of the possessions of Spain
in the New World.] Tlie Indies, 4(5,
97, 101, 103, 121, 139, 262, 267, 313,
322, .328, 329, .348, 397, 506, 510, 511,
639, 647, 668, 693 ; " The Indies of Cas-
tile," 103 ; the Spanish Indies, 120, 121,
124,12.5,126,129, 144, l(i6. 244, 24.5,
961 ; the West Indies, or West India,
4, 9, 23, 24, 119, 133, 138, 139, 152,
153, 155, 174, 183, 195, 198, 346, 368,
896, 477, 480, 489, 522, 532, 539, 595,
602, 607, 622, 66!>-675, 693, 794, 822,
824, 829, 830, 837, 855, 857, 873, 879,
881, 882, 886, 903, 916, 920, 934, 939,
940, 947, 95(), 957, 961, 972, 981, 986,
1022, 1025, 1036, 1041, 1042, 1044,
1058.
Abrioio (shoals), 130; Aisey, 129;
Ant-Ues, or Las Antillas, 12S, 129,672;
Barbuda, 920 ; Baruada, 328, 346 ; Be-
cam, 155 ; Buenos Ayres (on the Yen-
ezuela coast), 510, 512, 524, 525 ; Car-
ibbee, 875, 918, 932, 1058; Castulia,
154; " Cayennensis," 698; Fonseca,
920; Granada, 129; Guadaloupe, 129,
153; Jamaica, 672, 869, 1036; Lee
Ward, 518; (Margarita, 671, 916);
Marigalanta, 153 ; Martinique, 698 ;
Mattanenio, 152 ; Me vis, or Nevis, 153-
1.55, 393, 480, 489; Mona, 155, 9.36;
Moneta, 155 ; Mounserot, 153 ; Nevis
(see Mevis) ; Pinos, 139 ; Providence
(see Bahamas) ; Rich, 979 ; Saba, 154 ;
Saint Catalina, 88() ; Saint Christopher,
153 ; Saint Domingo (see Hispaniola) ;
Saint John de Puerto Rico (see Porto
Rico) ; Saint Lucia, 128, 129 ; Saint
Vincent, 25, 129, 961; Tabago, 920;
(Tortuga, 522) ; Trinidad, 454, 473,
670, 671, 920; Virgines, 154, 1.55;
Windward, 126, 512. See Bahamas,
Barbadoes, Bermudas, Cuba, Domin-
ica, Havana, Hispaniola, Porto Rico,
and under Spain. See, also, biogra-
phies of Ball, Bargrave, Bell, the
Blands, Bohun, Butler, Button, A.
Chamberlaine, Claiborne, Clarke, Clif-
ford, Codrington, Columbus, Cope,
Coventry, Digges, Dike, Drake, Dud-
ley, Elfrith, Gorges, Harwood, the
Hawkinses, the Hawleys, James Hay,
the Herberts, E. Johnson, Kendall,
Lancaster, Lok, Mannering, Menendez,
Newport, Parker, Preston, Pym, the
Riches, Roe, Somers, Spruson, the Stu-
arts, Tufton, the Vassalls, Vines, Wa-
ters, Watts, and Benjamin Wood.
West India, fauna : Boar (wild), 27, 155 ;
bull (wild), 155 ; crocodile, 27 ; guana
(iguana), 155; mosquitos, or muscetos,
153. Flora : Guiacum trees, 154 ; pine-
apples, 152, 174, 799; plantains, 128,
1.52, 174. Natives: See Casadra, Cas-
savi (or Tapioca) Bread, 128, 174, and
Linen and Roan Cloth, 129, 152.
Westall, Edmond, grocer, 687.
Western States, 102(1.
Westly, Westley, Jane, 1040 ; Richard,
1040; Titus, merchant-tailor, 304.
Westminster, 26. 63, 205, 237, 550, 553,
59.5,625; Abbey, 831,84.5,8.51, 865,
867, 901, 908, 933, 965, 1025, 1026,
1028, 1038 ; college of, 279.
Weston, Gan-et, 804, 1049; Richard,
Lord, 979.
Westover,'Va., 818,829, 830, 962, 1047;
West and Sherley Hundred, 782, 940,
962, 1047.
West Point, Va., 187, 188.
Westbrow, John, 221, 1049; Thomas,
grocer, 558, 591, ()8().
Westwray, Judith, 888.
Westwood, Humphrey, 217, 1049.
INDEX.
1149
Wetwood, Randall, 220, 1049.
Weymouth, Wayraouth, etc., Captain
George, v, 2^, 20, 27, 2it, :32-35, 42, 4.K,
.50, 76, 113, 12S. 244, 4.J7, 459, 400, 4%,
78.), 817, 002, 0(>'.), 088, 1049, 1002.
Weymouth, England, 2."), 85.
Weynmau. Wenman, VVayneman, etc..
Sir Ferdinando, 21 1, 407, 413, 414,424,
905, auto., 1049 ; Sir Ferdinand's
daughter. 1049 ; 8ir Francis, 994, 1049 ;
Sir Robert, 1049 ; Thomas, Esq., 1049;
Sir Thomas, 211, 1049.
Weyonoke, or Weanoke, 933, 946, 903,
1000.
Whale fishing, 668, 733, 893, 1001 ; bone,
077 ; finnes, 606 ; oyle, 666 ; teeth,
00(5 ; whales, 153, 589, 060.
Whalebone Inlet. 459.
Whalley. Edward, 868.
Wharton, Sir George, 210, 1049; Lord,
1049.
Wheat, 107. 289, 534, 648, G61, 742, 800 ;
Gennea wheat, 1.58.
Wheatley, ;Vhitley, Thomas, 217, 468,
771, 1049. 1050.
Wheeler, Mary Ann, 1044 ; Nicholas,
1044 ; Nicholas, 029, 630, 1050 ; Thomas,
draper, 223, 10.50.
Whiddon, Capt. Jacob, 23, 977.
Whistler, Francis, gent., 223, 1050.
Whitbee, Robert, 833.
Whitaker, Rev. Alexander, author, 497,
500, 547.577-579,-583, 584, 611, 613-
615, 019-021, 730, 747, 782, 8.52, 904,
987, 1050; Laurence, poet, etc., 804;
Rev. Dr. William, author, 614, 615,
852, 904, 1017. 1050 ; Mrs. , 832.
Whitbounie (Capt. Charles, 1051 ?), Capt.
Richard, author, 804, 1050, 1051.
Whitcombe, John, 911, 912.
White, Edward, stationer, 887 ; Edward,
962; Henry, 1051; Capt. Henry, 16;
James, gent., 219, 1051; Jane, 1011;
John, Esq., 1011; John, the Royalist,
1051 ; Capt, John, artist, surveyor, etc.,
14, 18-21. 457, 458, 693, 890, 970, 1051;
John, author, 805, 944, 1051 ; Leon-
ard, gent, 222, 1051 ; Mary, 812 ; Rich-
ard, 812 ; Rev. Thomas, 1048; Thomas,
217, 1051 ; William, author, 151, 109,
1051, 1052 ; William, 1051 ; Capt. Wil-
liam, 1051, 1052 ; William, draper,
10.52.
White, Chappel, 282, 283, 287 ; flag, 128 ;
sea, 124, 839, 859, 1012.
WTiite Hall, 447, 569, 604, 606, 676, 678,
079, 080, 700; picture of, see Viss-
cher's London.
Whitley Sje Wheatley.
Wliitlocke Papers, 318, 384.
Whitmore, Elizabeth, 10.52; Frances,
1044, 1052 ; Sir George, haberdasher,
228, 900, 1052 ; Margaret, 906, 1052 ;
William. 900. 1044, 1052.
^Vhitne^, Francis, 929.
Whitson. Miister John. Mayor of Bristol,
author, etc.. 20. 400, 907, 9>1, 972,
1052, auto., 1053, Port., 1021.
Whitson's Bav, 400, 972, 1052.
Wliitson's hed, 400, 1052.
Whittingham, John, grocer, 225, 390 ;
1053 ; Thomas. 224, 410, 1053.
Wickham, Rev. WiUiam, 782, 1053 ; Mr.
, 1053.
Widdowes, Richard, goldsmith, 220, 1053.
Widdowspay, Master Warden, fish-
monger, 281.
Widows in the Virginia Company, 222,
4(i8, .542.
Wiffin. David. 805, 1030, 1053 ; Richard,
217, OOO, (iOl, 10.53.
Wigmore. Sir Richard, 205, 211, 1053.
Wikes, Mary. 1031.
Wilde (see Weld). Robert. 408.
Wilford. See Wilsford.
Wilkes, Alice, 983 ; Edward, 220, 1053 ;
Oliver, stationer, 812; Thomas, 983.
Wilkins, Anthony, merchant-tailor, .305.
Wilkinson, Joane, 939 ; Mr. , 982.
Willeston, WoUaston, Hugh, 218, 1053.
Willet, Wiliest, John, 409, 547, 1U53;
William, 805, 10.53.
William and Mary College, 890.
Williams, Edward, 1000 ; Grace, 10.55 ;
Hugh, 1055 ; Sir John, 887 ; Morgan,
808 ; Richard, 808 ; Richard, merchant-
tailor, 304 ; Rev. Roger, 820, 850 ;
Rose, 887 ; Thomas, 887.
Williamsburg, 879.
Williamson, John, 1053 ; Sir Richard,
211, 232, 1053 : William, 805, 1053.
Willoughby, Sir Francis, 1021 ; Sir Hugh,
825, 839 ; Margaret, 1021 ; Sir Perci-
val, 390, 400, 543, 1053 ; Robert, mer-
chant-tailor, 304 ; Capt. , 872 ;
Lord (see Bertie).
Wilmer, Andrew, 221, 1053 ; Clement,
gent., 222, 1053; George, Esq., 221,
V»82, 1053.
Wilmot, Sir Charles. 210, 407, 989, 1053,
1054 ; Henry, Earl of Rochester, 989,
1054.
Wilsford, Cicely, 991 ; Sir Thomas, 991 ;
Sir Thomas, 460. 544. 1054.
Wilson, Arthur, historian, 1021 ; Felix,
221, 10.54; George, 827; Isabella. 890 ;
Rev. John, 1030 ; Robert, stationer,
077 ; Thomas. Esq., 214, 249, 407, 509,
1054 ; Rev. William, 896.
Wilson, J. and Son, University Press. 141.
Wilts, 318, 384.
Wiltshire, Bridget, 1054, 1055 ; Sir John.
1054.
Wimarke, Wymarke, Ned, 112, 1064,
1065.
Wimbleton, Viscount. — Edward Cecil.
Winche, Wvnche, Daniel, grocer, 224,
.591, 087, auto , 1054.
Windebank. Secretary , 848; Thomas,
850.
1150
INDEX.
Windet, J., stationer, 283, 419.
Windham, Hugh, 83U.
Windsor, IIG, 117, 569.
Wine, 268, 348, 363, 385, 395. See
Grapes, and Vines.
Wingiiekl, Charles, 1054; Edward, 1054;
Sir Edward-Maria, 1055 ; Capt. Ed-
ward-Maria, author, 47-49, 52, 54, 58-
60, 62, 63, 77, 108, 142, 151, 168, 170,
171, 182, 213, 341, 399, 788, 823, 950,
1007, 1054, 1055, 1061; Sir James,
843, 1054; Sir John, 1054; Sir Rich-
ard, 1054, 1055 ; Richard, 1055 ; Sir
Robert, 818, 1055 ; Thomas-Maria,
1054 ; Sir Thomas-Maria, 1055.
Winne, Wynne, Anne, 842 ; Edmond, 219,
306, 468, 1055 ; Geoige, merchant-tai-
lor, 306, 1055 ; George, 842 ; Sir John,
author, 1055 ; Capt. Owen (see Gwinne),
467, 546, 1055; Capt. Peter, 178, 201,
214, 417, 1055; Sir Richard, 1055;
Capt. Thomas, 213, 1056.
Winsor, Mr. Justin, xvi.
Winsor's Narrative and Critical History
of America, 3, 25, 326, 947, 993.
Winston, Thomas, 1056 ; Dr. Thomas,
author, 8o5, 830, 1056.
Winter, Wintour, etc., Capt. Edward, 16,
1056; Sir Edward, 1056; Edward,
1056; Frederick, 1056; Lady Mary,
10.56; Master Nicholas, 16, 1056;
Thomas, poet, 1018 ; Sir William, 929 ;
Sir William, 4, 6, 1056; Capt. Wil-
liam, 213, 1056.
Winter season in Virginia, 395, 481, 534,
584, 586.
Winthrop, Adam, 950; Gov. John, 913,
950, 980, 1055.
Winwood, Sir Ralph, diplomat, author,
etc., 112, 440, 446-450, 5C9, 526, 543,
757, 770, 783, 784, 870, 871, 884, 889,
894, 936, 948, 955, 969, 1056, 1057,
Port, 1031.
Wirral, Worrel, Sir Hugh, 210, 1057.
Wiseman, Mr. , 982.
Witch (Winch ?), Dame Jane, 948.
Withers, Wither, Anthony, Esq., 1057 ;
George, 1057 ; George, poet, 1004,
1026, 1057 ; John, 469, 1057.
Withipole, Withypoole, Edmund, 1031 ;
Elizabeth, 1031 ; Paul. 1031 ; Paul,
Esq., 893.
Woddall. See Woodall.
Wodehouse, Anne, 820, 840 ; Sir Henry,
840, 935 ; Mary, 935.
Wodenoth, Arthur, author, 51, 993, 1057 ;
Laurence, 890 ; Mary, 890, 1057.
Wogan. See Woogan.
Wolf, Thomas, merchant-tailor, .30,5.
Wollaston, Willeston, Hugh, 2 IS, 1053;
John, 10.53; William, 1053; William,
548, 1053 ; Capt. , 1053.
Wolsey, Cardinal, 996.
Wolstenholme, Catherine, 1058 ; Henry,
1057 ; Henry, gent., 547, 1057, 1058 ;
Joan, 1058 ; Sir John, 976 ; John, the
elder, 1057 ; Sir John, 215, 232, 388,
467, 574, 594, 748, 770, 875, 913, 982,
984, 1015, 1038, 1057, 1058, 1061 ; Sir
John, Jr., 547, 976, 1038, 1057, 1058 ;
Thomas, 1057.
Wolverston, John, fishmonger, 281.
Women, 244, 248, 329, 451, 474, 775,
801.
Wood, Abraham, 830; Ambrose, 10.59;
Capt. Benjamin, 23, 882, 1058; Ce-
cily, 886 ; Sir John, 884 ; Magdalen,
884 ; Richard, 88() ; Simon, merchant-
tailor, 304 ; Thomas, 219 ; Capt.
Thomas, 214, 1059; Capt. Thomas,
222, 1059 ; Capt. , 329.
Woodall, Waddall, Woddall, Dr. John,
author, etc, 217, 468, 771, 816, 982,
1014, auto., 1059; Richard, 1059.
Woodcock, Thomas, merchant-tailor, .304.
Woodhouse (see Waterhouse), David,
Esq., 214, 467, 829, 1042: Capt. Hen-
ry, 213, 1059; Capt. , 213.
Woodliffe, John, gent., 224, 1059, 1060.
Woods, 164, 205, 265, 313, 317, 800;
Wood-dyes, 195, 265 ; Wood-cutters,
469 ; see Woodmongers' Company,
under London. See Timber and
Trees.
Woodville, Elizabeth, Queen consort of
Edward IV., 1054 ; Katherine, Duch-
ess of Bedford and Buckingham, 1054 ;
Richard, Earl Rivers, 1054.
Woogan, Wogan, Devereux, 468, 547,
1060.
Wooller (see Waller), Edward, merchant-
tailor, 220, 306, 1060; John, mer-
chant-tailor, 303, 306, 468, 1060.
WooUey, Randle, merchant-tailor, 303.
Woolwick, 328.
Worcester, Henry, 1st Marquis, 1056.
Worde, Wynkyn de, printer, 858.
Workmen, 248, 259, 268, 271, 395, 520,
W^orley. See Worsley.
Worowocomaeo. See Werawocomaco.
Worrell. See Wirrell.
Worsley, Sir Bowyer, 1060; John,
breAver, 977 ; Otwell, merchant-tailor,
305 ; Sir Richard, 805, 956, 1C60 ;
Richard, 1(141, 1060; Thomas, 1060.
Worthington, Sir William, 839 ; William,
839.
Worth's Devonshire, quoted, 894, 898.
W^ortley, Eleanor, 981, 9S2 ; Sir Francis,
author, 467, 545, 1060; Sir Richard,
982.
Wotton, Edward, first Baron, 1061 ; Sir
Henry, author, and dii)lomat, 543, ()()5,
82!>, "894, 1060, 1061, Port., 1041;
Katherine, 1040 ; Thomas, Lord, 679,
1040, 1061.
Wrav, Sir Christopher, 979 ; Frances,
979; Sir William, 882.
Wright, M. , 2 ; Edward (alias Care-
less), author, mathematician, etc., 16,
INDEX.
1151
n76, 926, 1014, 1025, 1057, 1061 ; John,
mercer, 211); John, stationer, 420,
4;)5, 1061 ; Richard. 20 ; Samuel,
1061 ; William, merchant-tailor, 304.
Wriothesley, Henry, second Earl of South-
ampton, 105.">, 1061 ; Henry, third Earl
of Southampton, 26, 27, 48, 21)9, 2;J1,
318, 356, 357, 379, 3S4, 3.S8, 465, 528,
681, 692, 696, 770, 817, 829, 856, 872,
873, 928, 934, 955, 960, 973, 980, 993,
1003, 1014, 1015, 1016, 1021, 1028,
1055, 1061-1063, Port., 1051 ; James,
Lord. 803, 1061, 1063; Lady of the
third Earl, 1028 ; Maria, or Mary, 817,
1061; Mary, 1055, 10()1 ; Penelope,
1021 ; Tliomas, first Earl of Southamp-
ton, 1061 ; Thomas, fourth Earl of
.Southampton, 1063.
Wrote, Robert, 1063 ; Samuel, 805, 982,
1063.
Wiothe, John, Esq., 770, 796. 982, 1063,
1064; Mabel, 818; Sir Robert, the
elder, 1063, 1064; Sir Robert, Jr. , 211,
4t)7, 1004, 1063, 1064; Sir Thomas,
reformer, 1063 ; Sir Thomas (reform-
er ?), 818 ; Thomas of the Inner Tem-
ple, 1063, 1064; Sir Thomas, poet,
etc., 805, 836, 978, 980, 982, 1063,
1064.
Wroug-hton, Dorothy, 976 ; Thomas, 976.
Wyat, Wyatt, Wyet, Anne. 1035; Sir
Francis, governor of Virginia, 816, SS'i,
891, 921, 933, 956, 995, 1049, 1065;
George, Esq., 891, 996; Jane, 891,
892, 996; Silvester, 23; Sir Thomas,
the Rebel, 996, 1035 ; Capt. Thomas,
212.
Wvatt's insurrection (1553-54), 1023.
Wvche, Sir Peter, 1064; Richard, 574,
i064.
Wycombe, 769.
Wyke Regis, 325.
Wymart. See Wimark.
Wynche. See Winche.
Wynne. See Winne.
Wynniff, Nicholas, merchant-tailor, 304.
Wynston. See Winston.
Xacan (see Axacan), 488, 515, 517, 518,
947.
Xatanahane, 488.
Yale, David, 9.54.
Yardley. See Yeardley.
Yarwood (see Yerwood), Richard, 1065.
Yawtanoone (Indian village), 487.
Yaxley, Sir Robert, 545, 1065.
Yeardley, Yardley, Anne, 1065; Argall,
(1), 1065; Argall (2), 1065; Argall
(3), 1065; Edmond, 1065; Elizabeth,
1065 ; Elizabeth, 1065 ; Frances, 1065 ;
Frances, 1065 ; Col. Francis, 948, 1065 ;
Sir George, Governor of Virginia, 223,
417, 782, 797, 888, 913, 948, 958, 963,
970, 1005, 1011, 1021, 1065; Henry,
1065; John, 1065; John, 1066; Ralphe,
1()()5 ; Ralph, 1065 ; Rhoda, 1065 ;
Richard, 814.
Yelverton, Sir Henry, 820, 866.
Yeoman in the Virginia Company, 228.
Yeomans, Simon, fishmonger, 228, 281,
1065.
Yerwood, Yarwood, Richard, 1065.
York, Anne, Duchess of, 923 ; Duke of,
1038; Sir John, 839, 893; Margaret,
893 ; Sir Richard, 893.
York River, Virginia. See Rivers.
Young, Yung, Gregory, 887 ; Sir Rich-
ard, 1004 ; Mr. (Richard ?), 12 ; Rob-
ert, stationer, 1059 ; Susannah, 887 ;
887 ; Capt. Thomas, 887 ; Capt. Thom-
as, Jr., 887; Thomas, 1034; William,
217, 1065 ; " My Mother Yunge," 442 ;
''Mr. Yunge and his wife," 442.
Yvery, history of the House of, 964.
" Zachel Moyses." See Tzekely.
Zanagadoa, 195.
Zouch, Zouche, Sir Edward, 849; Sir
Edward, 805, 1065, 1066; Edward,
eleventh Lord, 209, 231, 676, 811, 824,
884, 969, 1066, auto., 1067, Port., 1061 ;
George, tenth Lord, 1066 ; Sir John,
33-35, 42, 113, 969, auto., 1067; Sir
John's daughter, 1067 ; John, Esq.,
805, 1067 ; Sophia, 849.
Zuaiga, Don Pedro de, Spanish ambassa-
dor to England, 43, 45, 88, 91, 97, 100-
104, 110, 115, 116, 118-120, 122-124,
140, 141, 143, 147, 172, 173, 177, 178,
180, 183, 184, 195, 196, 198, 242, 243,
248, 249, 254, 258, 259, 310, 311, 324,
332, 336, 337, 357, 358, 386, 387, 556,
561 (Flores), 569, 572, 575, 577, 593,
632. 63(5, 663, 811, 863, 1037, 1048,
1067, 1068. 1 He first asked audience
of James I., in re the Virginia Colo-
nies, between 14th and 29th of August,
1607 (p. 116) ; a second time ,| Sep-
tember (p. 116) ; a third time H, Sep-
tember (117) ; and a fourth time, 3d
October (p. 118).]
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY
Los Angeles
This book is DUE on the last date stamped below.
JA(^ 3 1 19S0
4^M
.U4J ^
j^y^
\%'o^
*'»♦ 3 01988^
iiEC'D URL-LO
'AUG3
f»!^^nm
'^ft^/Mo
MAR
^-. ?
•4
AUG3 01967
^ MAY 27 1977
r(rMAY 1 4 1378
lilt
kD-URL FEB 2 9
■RENEWAL MAR 15
Form L9-25m-9,'47(A5618)444
KCD LD'URl
JUN 1 8 197S
SEP 20 191^
*fc
^to
iS6
958
loi^ej
%
®(9^
crn9/ 1987
^^t^-i
l9BtC
yt \^'^
4ix^^
-^A
llllliilllMi lilll
3 1158 00097 3^
UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY
AA 001 178 492 3
J