TC 824 C2 A2 no. 119; 8 LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNU DAVrs THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA partment of Wa tcr Resources IBITY DO 1 1 rts 'Y a BULLETIN No. 119-8 FEASIBILITY OF SERVING THE KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY FROM THE STATE WATER PROJECT SEPTEMBER 1963 HUGO FISHER Administrator The Resources Agency of California EDMUND G. BROWN Governor State of California WILLIAM E. WARNE Director Department of Water Resources state ot California THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA Department of Wa ter Resources BULLETIN No. 119-8 FEASIBILITY OF SERVING THE KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY FROM THE STATE WATER PROJECT SEPTEMBER 1963 HUGO FISHER EDMUND G. BROWN WILLIAM E. WARNE Adminisfraior Governor Director The Resources Agency of California State of California Department of Water Resources LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNI/ DAVIS FOREWORD In November i960, the California Water Resources Development Bond Act was approved by the State's electorate, paving the vjay for the construction of the State Water Project as the first phase of the California Water Plan, Since that time, many local water service cigencies throughout the State have applied to the Department of Water Resources for con- sideration as potential contractors with the State for water service from the proposed facilities. Several water agencies have been orgsmized since November 196O expressly for the purpose of obtaining supplemental water supplies from the state facilities for the areas they represent. Prior to executing water supply contracts with water agencies, the Department of Water Resources makes studies of those agencies and the areas encompassed by them to deter- mine the propriety of entering into such contracts. These studies are made with the goal of evaluating (l) each area's future demand for supplemental water supplies, (2) the legal ability of each agency in question to enter into a water supply contract with the State, (3) the engineering feasibility of providing the proposed water service, and (4) the financial ability of the agency contracting for a supplemental water supply from the State Water Project. The results of the studies made for each agency, as described above, along with significant incidental and supporting material, are embodied in reports published by the Department of lii Water Resources. This bulletin is one of a series of such publications and deals with the Kern County Water Agency. RECOMMEND APPROVAL: /Carl L. Stetson, Chief San Joaquin Valley Branch Date September 6, I963 APPROVED: director Date September 6, 1963 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD Hi TABLE OF CONTENTS V ORGANIZATION, DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES X ORGANIZATION, CALIFORNIA WATER COMMISSION xl CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 The Kern County Water Agency 4 Powers of the Agency 5 General Powers 5 Power to Contract with the State 5 Taxing Powers 6 The Agency's Service Area 6 Water Supply Available to San Joaquin Valley from State Water Project 9 CHAPTER II. HISTORICAL AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY ... 11 Population 11 Agricultural Development 12 Industrial Development 13 Mining and Processing 13 Manufacturing 14 CHAPTER III. POTENTIAL AGRICULTURAL WATER DEMAND 15 Agricultural Water Demand Factors 15 Classification of Lands 15 Unit Use of Applied Agricultural Water 17 V Page Market Outlook I7 Tentative Crop Projection I8 Potential Agricultural Water Requirement I8 Present Water Supply 20 Surface Water Supply 20 Ground Water Conditions 21 Water Conditions in Potential Member Units. ... 21 Belrldge Water Storage District and Antelope Plain and Lost Hills Water Districts 21 Rosedale-Rio Bravo Water Storage District. . 22 Seraitropic Water Storage District 23 West Kern County Water District 24 Wheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage District 24 Tehachapi-Cummings Water Conservation District and Tejon Ranch Headquarters Area 25 Kern River Delta, Bakersfield Urban, and Others 25 Safe Yield of Local Water Supplies 26 Potential Requirement for Imported Water 26 CHAPTER IV. COST OP WATER SERVICE FROM THE STATE WATER PROJECT 27 State Water Project 29 Cost of Facilities 30 Delta Water Charge 32 Transportation Charge 32 Cost of Surplus Water 35 vi Page Local Distribution Systems 35 Design Criteria for Irrigation Distribution Systems 36 Design Criteria for Urban Distribution Systems 36 Estimated Cost 37 CHAPTER V. DEMAND FOR PROJECT WATER. ... 39 Payment Capacity of Crops 39 Crop Yields 39 Prices Received 40 Crop Production Costs 40 Payment Capacity of Undeveloped Lands 4l Payment Capacity of Presently Developed Lands . . 4l Agricultural Water Demand 42 Water Cost -Demand Curve 43 Determination of Agricultural Demand 43 Urban Water Demand 43 Total Water Demand 43 Agricultural Water Demand Buildup 45 Urban Water Demand Buildup 45 CHAPTER VI. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY .... 4? Financial Analysis 48 Agricultural Water Toll 48 Urban Water Toll 50 Benefited Area 50 vii Page Present and Projected Assessed Valuations .... 51 Bonded Indebtedness 52 Financial Analysis Table 53 Explanation of Column Headings in Table l6 55 CHAPTER VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ... 59 Summary 59 Conclusions 61 TABLES Number 1 Historical and Projected Population within the Kern County Water Agency Service Area and Kern County 12 2 Farm Acreage in Kern County 13 3 Classification of Irrigable Lands in Kern County Water Agency Service Area. ... l6 4 Unit Use of Applied Water for Crops Grown in Kern County Water Agency Service Area 17 5 Projected Cropping Patterns in Kern County Water Agency Service Area in 1990 Based on Consideration of Soils and Market Outlook 19 6 Potential Requirement for Agricultural Water in Kern County Water Agency Service Area in 1990 Based on Consideration of Soils and Market Outlook 20 7 Summary of Annual Charges to Kern County Water Agency for Agricultural Water from the State Water Project 33 8 Summary of Annual Charges to Kern County Water Agency for Municipal and Industrial Water from the State Water Project 3^ viii Number 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Number TABLES Estimated Equivalent Unit Rates for Cost of Local Conveyance Facilities for Distribution of Water to Potential Member Units of Kern County Water Agency from the State Water Project Agricultural and Urban Water Demands in 1990 for Potential Member Units of Kern County Water Agency Demand Buildup and Maximum Annual Entitlements for Potential Member Units, Kern County Water Agency Agricultural Water Tolls at Canalside. . . . Historical Assessed Valuations Kern County Present and Projected Assessed Valuations Bonded Indebtedness Compared with Assessed Valuations by Counties Financial Analysis -Kern County Water Agency. (Bound at end of report) PLATES Plates are bound at end of report. Page 38 44 46 49 51 52 53 1 Location of Kern County Water Agency 2 Kern County Water Agency Service Area-1963 3 Irrigation Water Cost-Demand Curves for Potential Member Units of Kern County Water Agency Ix STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES EDMUND G. BROWN, Governor HUGO D. FISHER, Administrator, The Resources Agency of California WILLIAM E, WARNE, Director, Department of Water Resources ALFRED R. GOLZE, Chief Engineer JOHN R. TEERINK, Assistant Chief Engineer San Joaquin Valley Branch This report was prepared under the direction of Carl L. Stetson Chief, San Joaquin Valley Branch by Leland R. Illingworth Supervising Engineer Richard W. Meffley Senior Engineer I Assisted by ' i Theodore H. Rhody Associate Engineer I Ralph L. Worrell Associate Economist j Bill S. Satow Associate Economist i C. Laurence Linser Assistant Civil Engineer j Norman L. Meade Assistant Civil Enginner | I I This report was prepared in coordination ■ with the Division of Operations i Robin R. Reynolds Division Engineer Wayne MacRostie Chief, Contracts and Repayment Branch CALIFORNIA WATER COMMISSION RALPH M. BRODY, Chairman, Fresno WILLIAM H. JENNINGS, Vice Chairman, La Mesa JOHN W. BRYANT, Riverside JOHN P. BUNKER, Gustine IRA J. CHRISMAN, Visalla EDWIN KOSTER, Grass Valley JOHN J. KING, Petaluma NORRIS POULSON, La Jolla MARION R. WALKER, Ventura WILLIAM M. CARAH Executive Secretary ORVILLE L. ABBOTT Supervising Engineer xl CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION Since November I96I the Kern Coxinty Water Agency has been negotiating a contract with the Department of Water Resources for a supplemental water supply from the State Water Project. Presented in this report are factual data concerning the Kern County Water Agency which demonstrate the need and the feasibility of a contract between the State and the Agency for an annual supplemental supply to the Agency of 1,000,000 acre-feet of water from the facilities of the State Water Project. The report demonstrates that, xinder the conditions set forth in the analysis presented, the proposed contract is feasible smd the Kern County Water Agency can pay the necessary costs. The Agency and its history, powers, and service area are briefly described in this chapter. Also included is a statement concerning the water supply available to the San Joaquin Valley from the State Water Project. In the following chapters are discussions of historical aind future development of the economy of the service area, the potential agricultural water demand, and the cost of water service from the State Water Project. This is followed by a presentation of the demand for project water as limited by cost of water, and the report is concluded with an analysis of the financial feasibility of the State's serving the Kern County Water Agency. Soon after negotiations with the Agency were opened, the department's brochure dated December I96I and entitled "Summary of Information Relating to the Negotiation of a State Water Supply Contract with the Kern County Water Agency" was presented to the Agency and discussed. Other reports available for consideration were the "Staff Report on Water Resources of Kern County, California" published by the office of the surveyor of Kern County, and "Economic Demand for Project Water," Appendix D of the department's Bulletin No. 78 entitled "Investigation of Alternative Aqueduct Systems to Serve Southern California." These reports, along with the prototype water supply contract between the State and The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, the "Standard Provisions for Water Supply Contract," approved August 3, 1962, and Bulletin No. 132-63, "The California State Water Project In 1963," provided the bases for negotiation. During 1962 and I963 numerous meetings were held with the directors of the Agency, the Agency's negotiating committee, and the Agency's consulting engineers. A number of studies of repayment were made and repayment tables were presented by the department to show charges which would be made by the State to the Kern County Water Agency for water under different assump- tions as to maximum annual entitlement, buildup of demand, points of delivery, and peaking capacities in terras of percent of annual entitlement. In August 1962, the department received a copy of the "Preliminary Analysis of Pajnnent Ability of Kern County Water Agency by the Kern County Water Agency Negotiating Committee." In November I962 the Agency presented Its "Report on the Capacity of Kern Coiinty Agriculture to Pay for Irrigation Water at the Farm Headgate," which was prepared by Its consulting engineers, Leeds, Hill and Jewett, Inc., and "Quantitative Economic Study of Representative Kern County Farm Enterprises," by Francis A. Moore, Jr., C.P.A,, and Park J. Ewart, Ph.D., Busines Economics Statistician. During the negotiations it became evident that the Agency would not have the ability to pay for the 1,400,000 acre-feet of water it had originally requested. Consequently, studies were made to determine means of reducing the average cost of water to farmers in the Agency service area, means of determining an equitable assessment of the indirectly benefited areas, or a combination of these, and to achieve a balance between the resulting cost of water and the amount of water that could be taken at that cost. At a high cost of water, only the urban areas and the lands capable of producing high value crops could take water. Attempts were made during the period of negotiation to obtain legislation which would lower water charges. The Agency would be able to lower its average charge to water users, especially in the early years of development, and thus allow agriculture to participate in the project to a larger extent if some relatively minor amendments were made in the prototype water supply contract. These amendments Involve modifications in the surplus water provisions of the prototype contract to give preferential treatment to the sale of surplus water for agriculture and ground water replenishment uses. They also provide the authority for including in contracts provisions to allow, within limits, a credit to a contractor in the amount of the surcharge collected from users within the contractor's service area. These proposals were recommended to the depart- ment by the I963 General Session of the Legislature through the enactment of Assembly Concurrent Resolution 93 (Williamson, Casey, Stiern) , The financial analysis in this report assvunes these proposals will be included in the contract with the Kern County Water Agency. The department has proposed to other water supply contractors that their contracts be amended to facilitate the inclusion of these provisions. Several of these contractors, including the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District, have agreed to these amendments. The Kern County Water Agency For some years prior to the formation of the Kern Coxmty Water Agency, it was generally recognized that an addi- tional supplemental water supply was essential to stabilize the economy of the county. The Kern County Board of Supervisors studied the need for a county-wide water agency to obtain a supplemental water supply. As a result, legislation to create the Kern County Water Agency was introduced in the State Legis- lature as Assembly Bill 2455 (Williamson, Casey, S.tiern) in I96I. The bill was subsequently passed with minor amendments and the Agency was formed by the 196I Legislature (Kern County Water Agency Act, Calif. Stats. I96I, C.IOO3, p. 2651). The Agency was authorized to function and to exercise its powers by the necessary majority of voters of Kern County on September 26, 1961, as provided by Section 7 of the act. Powers of the Agency General Powers . The Kern County Water Agency may acquire water supplies and enter into allied activities such as flood control, drainage, and generation of hydroelectric energy. The Agency may construct works including distribution systems. Any public district or political subdivision of the State within or partially within the county which is empowered by law to appropriate water and deliver water to water users may elect to become a "member unit" of the Kern County Water Agency. A member unit is defined as any public district which enters into a contract with the Agency for services which the Agency is to provide. The Agency may also contract with mutual water companies which develop and distribute water within the county. Power to Contract with the State . The Kern County Water Agency may cooperate with and contract with the United States, the State of California, and other entities for the purchase, sale, or exchange of water and in the acquisition of a water supply. A proposal to enter into a contract with the State for repayment of construction money, repayment of the cost of acquiring any property, or Issuance of bonds must be authorized by a majority of voters in the Agency. Taxing Powers . The Board of Directors of the Kern County Water Agency has available three sources of funds which are: 1. An ad valorem tax of not to exceed 5 cents on each $100 of the assessed valuation of all tax- able property in the Agency. 2. Special ad valorem assessments apportioned in accordance with benefits for the purpose of making payments pursuant to contracts with the United States or the State. For this purpose zones of benefit may be established which reflect the degree of benefit resulting to each zone fran such contracts. Assessments shall be levied on all taxable property within each zone on an ad valorem basis. 3. Contracts with member units whereby the member units agree to pay in accordance with an established schedule for direct surface water deliveries. The Agency's Service Area The Kern County Water Agency encompasses all of the County of Kern as shown on Plate 1, "Location of Kern County Water Agency." Kern County Includes the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley and extends into the Mojave Desert to the south and east. The coimty is very rich agriculturally and has ranked among the top five counties in the nation in total farm production for over two decades. This outstanding rank in farm production is attributed to the long growing season, good soils. and Irrigation. Without irrigation much of the land would revert to very low use. This report deals with the portions of the county which have indicated through the Agency a desire to be served a water supply from the State Water Project. The Kern County Water Agency Service Area is shown on Plate 2. It consists of an area of about 900,000 acres of land in the San Joaquin Valley, the Tehachapi-Cummings Water Conservation District in the Tehachapi Mountains, and a prospective urbaji area in the vicinity of the Tejon Ranch headquarters near Lebec. Located within the service area are the following potential member units. The approximate areas of these units are shown below: Potential Member Units : Approximate of Kern County Water Agency lArea in Acres Districts Antelope Plain Water District 43,000 Belj'idge Water Storage District 84,400 Lost Hills Water District 63,500 Rosedale-Rio Bravo Water Storage District 43,700 Semitropic Water Storage District 224,200 Tehachapi-Cummings Water Conservation District (urban) West Kern County Water District (Taft agriculture and Taft urban)!./ Wheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage District 127,500 Other Areas Bakers field Urban Area - . Kern River Delta Area and Others 371,000^/ TeJon Ranch Headquarters Area (urban) - 1/ Vaft agriculture and Taft urban areas used in this report approximate the West Kern County Water District. 2/ Includes Bakersfield urban area. ^ The climate of the San Joaquin Valley portion of the service area is characterized by hot, dry suiraners and cool winters. The area is relatively arid with a weighted average rainfall of about 6 inches, most of which falls in the winter. In the vicinity of Bakersfield maximum and mini- mum mean temperatures in July, the hottest month, are 102° and 72° Fahrenheit, respectively. In January, generally the coldest month, the maximiom and minimum mean temperatures are rO O 5d and 40 , respectively. These temperatures are generally typical of the valley service area, most of which lies between elevations 25O feet and 600 feet. The highest elevation in the area is about 1,500 feet. Although killing frosts occur during the winter months, there is evidence of the existence of thermal belts on the slopes above the valley floor in which citrus can be grown. Below these belts chilling temperatures are sufficient to allow the production of orchard crops requiring periods of dormancy. The department is presently conducting a study on the western and southern slopes of the valley to determine the potential crop adaptability of the land on these slopes. The Tehachapi-Cummings Water Conservation District is composed primarily of land within Tehachapi, Cvmimings, and Brite Valleys, most of which is at an elevation of about 4,000 feet. The Tejon Ranch headquarters area is at an elevation of about 3^500 feet. Because of the high cost of lifting water from the California Aqueduct, it has been assumed for purposes 8 of this report that water conveyed to both areas would be used only for mimicipal and industrial purposes. Water Supply Available to San Joaquin Valley From State Water Project The California Water Commission has assigned certain state applications for appropriation of water to the department for the operation of the State Water Project. The applications show that as of June 1963 the water appropriated would be used in the following service areas: Feather River 210,000 acre-feet North Bay 210,000 acre-feet South Bay 210,000 acre-feet San Joaquin Valley l,547,000*acre-feet Central Coastal 85,000 acre-feet Southern California 1,888,000 acre-feet Total 4,150,000 acre-feet Although the above tabulation shows 4,150,000 acre- feet of water would be diverted for use in the indicated service areas, the prototype contract states that the contracted maximum annual entitlement may not in the aggregate exceed 4,000,000 acre-feet or the minimum project yield, whichever is the lesser. The term "minimum project yield" is defined in Article i(k) of ♦Includes 3^,000 acre-feet reserved for San Joaquin Valley but not to be transferred from South Bay and Central Coastal alloca- tions until needed and 36,000 acre-feet transferred from North Bay and Feather River allocations to an unallocated pool held in reserve for San Joaquin Valley when and if needed and for any other area of the State if not required in the San Joaquin Valley. the "standard Provisions for Water Supply Contract", and is now estimated to be 4,000,000 acre-feet. As of September I963, no water supply contracts have been completed in the San Joaquin Valley service area. In addition to annual entitlements under water supply contracts, surplus water will be available from the project. The amounts of surplus water assumed to be delivered on an irrigation demand schedule to the Kern County Water Agency are shown in Column 3 of Table I6. 10 CHAPTER II. HISTORICAL AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY The economy and the population growth in Kern Covinty have been closely associated with irrigated agriculture and the petroleiom industry. In recent years Kern County has been third to Fresno and Tulare Counties in total value of agri- cultural crop and livestock production in the United States. It is the largest producer of minerals in California, with the value of mineral production exceeding that of agriculture. Population Kern County had a population of 291,98^ according to the i960 Federal Census. Approximately 200,000 people lived in cities having populations of 2,500 or more. It is estimated that the i960 population within the Kern County Water Agency Service Area was about 195^000, of which approx- imately 15^*000 persons lived in the urban areas of Baikersfield and Taft, about 32,000 lived on farms, and about 5,000 lived in rural areas other than fanns. The Department of Water Resources with the assistance of consultants and other agencies has prepared population forecasts of Kern County. These are tabulated along with the historical population data in Table 1, "Historical and Projected Population Within the Kern County Water Agency Service Area and Kern County." 11 TABLE 1 HISTORICAL AND PROJECTED POPULATION WITHIN THE KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY SERVICE AREA AND KERN COUNTY : : Service Area — Year: Service Area — Urban ; Rural ; Bakers field; Other ; Farm :Nonfarm Total in Service Area Kern County- Total 1930 83,000 1940 135,000 1950 123,000 13,671 3^,036 6,164 176,871 228,000 i960 141,763 16,586 31,896 4,903 195,1^8 292,000 1970 199,000 24,000 40,000 13,000 276,000 385,000 1980 254,000 31,000 46,000 22,000 353,000 480,000 1990 339,000 43,000 52,000 30,000 464,000 620,000 Agricultural Development Virtually all of the fanned land in the service area is irrigated. According to a detailed land use survey made by the department in 1958, there were 3^8,700 acres of land being irrigated in the service area and only about 8,000 acres were dry-farmed. Most of the dry-farmed lands were devoted to barley and wheat. In the entire San Joaquin Valley portion of the county in 1958 there were 592,000 acres under irrigation. In i960 there were 687,700 acres of farmed land in all of Kem County with a total value of agricultural products amounting to $246,998,0001/. 1/ Kem County Agricultural Commissioner's Report. 12 The historical growth of farm acreage In Kern County- is shown in Table 2. TABLE 2 EARM ACREAGE IN KERN COUNTY • « Year : Acreage 1925 117,500 1930 169,300 1935 189,800 1940 358,600 19^5 396,600 1950 542,900 1955 660,600 i960 687,700 Statistics in 196O indicate that total employment in Kem County was about 100,000 of which about 25 percent was in farm work, in the processing of agricultural products, or in agricultural services. In addition to employment in activities directly associated with agriculture, jobs were supported by agriculture in other fields such as retail and viiolesale trade, government service, utilities, and construction. Agriculture accounts for more employment than any other enterprise in the county . Industrial Development Mining and Processing The total value of mineral production in Kem County in 1959 was $351,59^,000. The coiinty is the leading producer of petroleum and natural gas products in California, which in 1959 accounted for approximately 82 percent of the total mineral 13 production of the county. The production of boron, cement, stone, sand, and gravel accounted for most of the remainder. Manufacturing About 7 percent of the people employed in Kern County in i960 worked in manufacturing industries. Approximately 30 percent of those were employed in work connected with the processing of minerals, and 20 percent were employed in food and fiber processing. The balance of industrial employment was associated with the manufacture of a wide assortment of products by about 1^0 firms. Many new industries have located in the county in recent years. Industry is expected to assume an increasingly important position in the county's economy. 14 CHAPTER III. POTENTIAL AGRICULTURAL WATER DEMAND Presented In this chapter are discussions of the factors affecting agricultural water demand and an estimate of the potential agricultural water demand in the Kern County Water Agency Service Area based on a consideration of classi- fication of lands, unit water use, and market demand, but disregarding the cost and availability of water. The latter are considered in Chapters V and VI. Presented first are land classification data, estimates of unit use of applied water, and a discussion of market outlook. These are followed by a determination of the potential requirement for water and an analysis of the present water supply. The chapter is concluded with a determination of the potential requirement for imported water for agricultural purposes calculated as the difference between the potential requirement and the present water supply. Agricultural Water Demand Factors^./ Classification of Lands A land classification survey was conducted by the Department of Water Resources In the San Joaquin Valley during the period 1956-6I . Table 3 "Classification of Irrigable Lands in Kern County Water Agency Service Area" is based on data obtained from that survey. '1/ For additional information see "Appendix to Final Report, General Evaluation of the Proposed Program for Financing and Constructing the State Water Resources Development System of the State of California, Department of Water Resources", October I96O, by Chas . T. Main, Inc. 15 o CO fa ai u m ■^ o >. o -P >>&< -H (U i-H H Cm cti M o :3, ^ Of > 4-> o fciOX •H CO H c3 CO CO 3 c\j X> 4-> > to 4-> fa c^ OXrHl - ; J rH -!-> I >> O rH a> > o CO •4-> rH H CO C ^ t> -P C U p-t s o o o o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o\ CO rH Ln m rH f- •* •\ •N •» •l •» •v •* •\ •» o -=r on OJ OJ -^ rH o C\J o ^3- 00 vo -:3- CM OJ H h- tn o CO o o o c •H cO iH Oi 0) a o rH 0) -p o o o o OJ vn o o o o CO 0) -a o o '\ 00 o o o o o o UD ^ O rH O -^ OJ :;^ CO 4J CO CO o > CO !h pq o •H « I o rH CO QJ CO o K O O OJ en rH O o o^ ft CO o •H P. 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TABLE 4 UNIT USE OP APPLIED WATER FOR CROPS GROWN IN KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY SERVICE AREA Acre- -feet of Water Crop : P< 2r acre of Irrigated Land Alfalfa 3.9 Alfalfa Seed 3.2 Citrus 2.9 Cotton 3.8 Deciduous orchard 2.9 Grain 1.1 Grapes 3.1 Miscellaneous field 2.0 rf-- Pasture ii.l Potatoes 3.0 07" Truck crops 2.0 _-' Market Outlook In an office study entitled "Market Outlook for Selected California Crops, 1960-2020", the department esti- mated future demand for farm products grown in California. From that study the Agency's share of the total California 1990 market for farm crops grown in the Agency's service area has been determined. This determination took into consideration the historical shifts in the production of crops among different producing areas in California. The historical regional crop production shifts for the past 40 years were plotted and projected to the year 1990. 17 Tentative Crop Projection From the market outlook and estimated projected 1990 crop yields, the acreage necessary to supply the market cfemand was determined. This method of projecting crop acreage was utilized for all major crops grown In the service area. In this determination of tentative crop projection, availability and cost of water were not considered. The 1990 projected cropping patterns in the Kern Coiinty Water Agency Service Area based on consideration of soils and market outlook are shown In Table 5. Potential Agricultural Water Requirement If only the physical factors of agricultural water demand and the market outlook are considered, there will be a requirement of about 2.1 million acre-feet In the Kern County Water Agency Service Area In 1990. The determination of this quantity Is based on a consideration of the previously described water demand factors, but disregards availability of water and the economic factor of water cost. The latter two factors are considered In Chapters V and VI. The potential agricultural water requirement of potential member units of the Agency is set forth in Table 6. 18 in w o & 9 r-i cd -P o H f^ "D (D C > CO W H ;-, r; rt 0) 4J x: C >H -P ti CD O ^" .. Y V W CUfi U= bO * ^co CO H • OJ xrs Ch < U cti • • •• a rH H o *fc -P rH <;h 3 cj o EH r o • ■H -HQ E a • Q) O W yi ^ • -P3: o o • H >0 CO CO • 13 ?M CO (DfQ . to O S O -H 25 cr; •4 *« •• •• P CO • CQ rH O OH - ^ -HS K " oJo 1 bO • H 73 CO ^ • ^ fnlS •» t-- CO o^ OJ CO OO >- rH I^ cr> •> •* •I •» •\ •\ •s ^ cv^ OJ 00 ^ o CO ^r ^ 0^ CO OJ r-i rH f- OJ PO t- OO OJ rH VO o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o •* •* •V •\ •\ •\ •* ^ •* ro ro lA LTV t^ r^. OJ CO o o\ OJ in rH OO OJ o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o rH ^ CX) >- OJ o-> ^- LTv ON •» •* n *k •\ •v -^3- f^ CX5 ■^ V£) CO OJ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o LPv OJ o (3D >- 00 CO CO •* •\ •\ •s •4 •* •s •\ (T\ r-- rH OO OJ CO CO o o o o o o o o o o o o C\J OO in OO -:3- VO in OJ o o in o o o o o o o o OO u CO x: o u o o o ^3- o o o o o o o a\ OJ CO a cO o o o 00 o o o OJ o o CO o o ON o o o OO o o o o o in o o o o o in OJ 00 o o o OO OJ o o OO o o o o ^ in •\ o U EH C O ■p o ■P CO O H O S CO o o OO o o OJ 00 o o 00 o o o o o o CO CO rH •v •V •» ^ ^ f- o o o o o o t^ I>- OO CO Q) O 4J rt -p o OJl • "O O rH CO (U o o o •> OO > rH <0 o o 0) u +j CO CO 0^ o o o o O o o o o o o o in OO •» •k •* •* 00 r-\ OJ o CM r-\ OJ OO rH o o OJ orJ O o ml o o I^ OO U3 O o o CM CO U O CO B CO o o o o in o OO o o CO o o o o (TV OO OJ CO CO ■p o Eh O ■P CO 6 824194 157823 982017 197? ? 3 3 n 64850 100077 461789 561866 114?'='3 167076 843195 181851 1025046 , 197i. 374r>n 45Q15 104507 460378 564885 115319 ?no''02 880606 204242 1084848 1975 40600 165451 100989 458033 567022 118682 21<.2<.0 899944 221717 1121561 1976 45000 23^86 U4431 460293 574724 119831 242298 936853 245745 118259B 1977 48100 3i,2oQ 119164 456663 575827 119716 25610'. 951647 262674 1214321 197B 52000 97892 124157 453262 577419 \2C'^'>2 293361 991132 381672 1372804 1979 56200 129761 452215 581976 120451 310821 1013248 412500 1425748 1980 588O0 134954 4470?? 581976 125549 342555 1050080 431583 1481663 1981 66600 140351 441625 '>ei976 125897 386099 1093972 488834 1582806 1982 75500 145960 436016 bUl'^lb 126839 440928 1 149743 554159 1703902 1983 84700 151799 430177 581976 126891 504941 1213808 621686 1835494 1984 925no 157870 424106 581976 1270'^8 548178 1257252 678937 1936189 1985 100400 35942 164181 417795 581976 127432 593434 1302842 73692 1 2039763 1986 in8?no 170985 412664 583649 124294 575163 1283106 794906 2078012 1987 116100 177827 405822 583649 124195 608504 1316348 852157 2168505 1988 126300 184938 398711 583649 12?982 672402 1380033 927024 2307057 ; 1989 134100 192337 39131? S83649 123661 696175 1403485 984274 2387759 1900 142000 200028 383621 583649 123562 727903 1435014 1042259 2477273 1^91 142000 o 208025 375624 58364Q 12??01 720719 1427669 1042259 2469928 1992 142000 216350 367299 583649 123291 720577 1427517 1042259 2469776 199? 142000 225002 358647 583649 123278 720151 1427078 1042259 2469337 1994 142000 234001 349648 583649 123269 720009 1426927 1042259 2469186 1995 142onp 243358 34029] 583649 123259 719725 1426633 1042259 2468892 1996 142 000 253090 33n559 583649 123252 719583 1426484 1042259 2468743 1997 142000 263217 320'»32 583649 123244 719441 1426334 1042259 2468593 1998 142000 273742 309907 583649 123239 719299 1426187 1042259 2468446 \99-=> 142OO0 284695 298954 563649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 ' 2000 142000 296076 287573 ^83649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2001 1420OO 307912 275737 58364^ 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2002 142000 320232 263417 583649 123236 719299 1425184 1042259 2468443 2003 142000 3^30i.4 250605 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 ' 2004 142000 346364 237285 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2005 142000 360216 223433 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2006 142000 374622 209027 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2007 142000 389608 194041 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2008 142000 405190 178459 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 . 2009 142000 421400 162249 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 2010 142000 438248 145401 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443 S 2011 142000 455779 127870 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2 468443'' 2012 142000 474013 109636 58364-9 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443'! 2013 142000 492970 90679 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 24684431' 2014 142000 512688 70961 583649 123236 719299 1426184 1042259 2468443'; 2015 142000 n 419691 50449 470140 123236 719299 1312675 1042259 2 354934 i 2016 142000 324682 33663 358345 123236 719299 1200860 1042259 2243139 2017 142000 196969 20674 217643 123236 719299 1060178 1042259 2102437 2018 142000 76724 12798 89522 123236 719299 932057 1042259 1974316 2019 142000 62029 9729 71758 123236 719299 914293 1042259 1956552' 2020 142000 53104 7245 60349 123236 719299 902884 1042259 1945143' 2021 142000 27819 5115 32934 123236 719299 875469 1042259 1917728. 2022 142000 19747 4007 23754 123236 719299 866289 1042259 190854B' 2023 14200O 18574 3209 21783 123236 719299 864318 1042259 1906577 2024 1420no 16300 2464 18764 123236 719299 861299 1042259 1903558' 2025 14200O 14818 1809 16627 123236 719299 859162 1042259 1901*21 2026 14 2nr,n 7710 1215 8925 123236 719299 851460 1042259 1893719 2027 142000 n 6913 909 7822 123236 719299 850357 1042259 1892616 2028 14:^000 5601 629 6230 123236 719299 848765 1042259 1891024. 2029 142000 3270 40? 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 1886467' 2030 142000 1320 353 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 1886467' 2031 142000 1372 301 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 1686467' 2032 142000 n 1428 245 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 1886467' 203? 142000 1484 18Q 1673 123236 719299 844200 1042259 1886467' 2034 142000 o 1543 130 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 16 86467' 2035 142000 1606 67 1673 123236 719299 844208 1042259 1886467 TOTALS 7867800 125?8080 12538080 16644370 29182450 8182039 40428876 77793367 57251910 135045277 EQUIVALENT U NIT RATES ^.'.6 l.^S i.2 2 13.03 7.15 20.18 NOTES : a . Based on ee tlmated costs of the project as of May I963. b. The Delta W ater Charge r epresents the product of the annual entitlement times $3.50 per acre-foot thro Jgh the year 19 69, $5.^6 for the years 1970-1977, Inclusive, and $7.3'+ thereafter. c. Table nomen clature as sh ovm in the "Standard Provisions for Water Supply Contract", approved August 3, 1962. -34- < -:^ Cost of Surplus V/ater The standard provisions provide that the charge for surplus water shall be at least equal to the variable operation, maintenance, and power costs incurred in service of such water. This would include variable charges for both the conservation and transportation facilities. Under the provisions of the contract amendments recently proposed to present contractors, this amount would be the total charge for surplus water. The unit rates for surplus water in Kern County, based on the proposed amendments, are estimated to average $4.39 per acre-foot north of the Buena Vista Pumping Plant and $5.85 between Buena Vista Pumping Plant and Wheeler Ridge Pumping Plant I. Local Distribution Systems Distribution systems must be constructed to convey water from the State Water Project to the areas of use. In certain areas this involves only the improvement or expansion of existing distribution systems, while in others it Involves the construction of complete systems. Most of the potential member units will require new distribution systems. Cost estimates have been prepared for construction and operation of distribution systems for each of the potential member units. For purposes of these estimates the assumed distribution of the maximum annual entitlement and the demand buildup presented in Table 11 have been utilized. The esti- mates are necessarily based on tentative assumptions as to areas of use within the member units. 35 Design Criteria for Irrigation Distribution Systems Irrigation distribution systems have been assumed to provide capacity to divert and distribute l8 percent of each potential member unit's share of the Agency's maximum annual entitlement in a one-month period. Sufficient laterals have been provided so that each l60-acre parcel assumed to be irrigated by each system would have a turnout. It has been assumed that lands below the aqueduct would be served entirely by gravity systems consisting of concrete-lined carals or reinforced concrete pipe. Lands above the aqueduct would have similar gravity systems but water would be supplied to each by pumping. Consideration has been given to facilities for cross drainage, access, and road crossings. Within the IVheeler Ridge-Maricopa and Belrldge Water Storage Districts and the Antelope Plain and Lost Hills Water Districts, shallow subsidence has been taken into consideration. Design Criteria for Urban Distribution Systems Urban distribution systems have been designed for the conveyance of water from the California Aqueduct to the areas of use. No consideration has been given to the treatment of water or distribution to the individual users. The systems have been designed to deliver 11 percent of each potential member unit's share of the Agency's maximum annual entitlement in a one-month period. All cost estimates have beeVi made on the assumption that deliveries would be through pipelines. 36 I Estimated Cost Cost estimates of construction and operation of the distribution systems are based on unit cost data adjusted to reflect I962 prices. Interest is assumed to be ^ percent. It is assumed that construction of each distribution system would be staged to correspond to the buildup of the member unit's demand plus a share of the available surplus water. Because of the staging, cost estimates are reported on an equivalent unit rate basis to allow a comparison of costs over the repayment period of the project. The estimated equiva- lent unit rates for cost of construction and operation of distribution systems are shown in Table 9 for potential member units of the Agency. 37 Eh O w CO t-D s EhO n M CC H CL, S S W O C 3 H > O K hJ fe Eh fe -P G^ «3: O o > O K >H o W M WO H s^ Wo PQ Eh CO M Z rH CC cd 5 r— 1 O Eh O o fc CO o TD M Q S C K •H K W % o t*:; &< fe o O C O 4-3 -H CO -P O 3 O £> ■H M J-, CO -P -p m C E r^ CO i>- '^D in m OJ 1^ VD in iH .-( t^c- LA on CVJ in 1^ 00 UD LA CVJ OJ en OJ f- oo^ LH^ OJ m o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o c o c o o o o o o o o rH o rH LPl o o <— ( VD Ln rH O cncn o c CO^ o o o rH «s • <1) Q fn < CO • Q Q m :s • • ^ 0) CO O . hO cr rH u :s CO CO CO Q C ■a >> 3 CO ;Q • -p • ;-. * •H CO -P C o s c S^ Q r-i C3 CQ CO E rH 0) a D. CO t-, <^ t;^ CL t^ bO •H •H <-t o CO CC CO CO f-i CO CO o to X3 CC W CO f-i x: lit; E-i Eh (U CD (1) rH U •H T3 -p o c rH fn t, (D 0-. ON o\ CD o OJ -:* OJ ON \r\ CM ON *-> t-^ ir\ irv C^ Oj" j" m -3- m VO ON ^ J J- o cy o' VO Csi o rH ■R O 8 CO O ^ ir\ m ^ % C\J VO o -tf On CO m S m r^ CM h- CM .— < «H OJ <\J r-t nn ^ -:? ■^ iS\ U=N VO t^ t- CO co OS <7n U W O" ^. > 0) ^ a] j= § 8 g g 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 g 8 g 8 8 8 g 8 8 c fy_ r-l "^^ VO C\J CO CO -J m t- o J- O J t^ J- \j\ r^ CJ\ l-^ m ^ ■^ ON -:*■ ON ^ cO J- S U-N O \f\ ^ vd" CM t~ • OJ m m J- -J ITN ITN VO t^ CD CO CTv ON O O i) C i< d to XI J- y 0) C +J '-> on Ra .dquar Area Urban § i § 8 O i 1 I § § § I 8 § 8 O 8 i § § i r-l Oj" oJ cv cy m m m m ^ ^" -:*■ -:*" -J ir\ u^ ■^ CD — - V V t- X TJ 8 § 8 8 8 g g g g g g 8 8 8 8 g g g g g 8 o ^_ O o o C5 o o o o o O O O O o o o o o -J-' t-^ a' Oj' J VJD 8; r-^ ro Vo' 00* -:* ^ t-^ on o' U-v ^ CD -3 8 ^ ^ ■"* ■"* f-i CVJ OJ OJ m m J- IfN ITS VO VO r- CO CO On 5 CM =te g g g O O g O o 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 g o o 8 O o g 8 d o CO ^ MD o o ^ J- ^ CO CO CO CVJ CM CM vr VO VO o 1 to" OD 0^ a> o" cy -^ no" CO* o" CM -^ r^ i ^ o-" ITN r-^ o m Ml T) a) OJ OJ CM CM m m on m -3- •^ G K O — 0) ^ ^ (0 4> S 0) k g g g g g g 8 g 8 g 8 8 8 8 8 8 g g 8 O g 1 o o o o o o o o O o O O O O O O o o ^ un -d- on C\J ^ o ^ s t-^ vo" ITN ^ fV^ cy ^* CD o o fT-l J- ir\ M3 r- CO a. OJ m J ITv VO t- CO CO X". 1— 1 '^ ^ '^ '^ *-■ c o o 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 g g 8 8 8 8 8 o o 8 o o 8 >, V. d ON CO J O VO OJ OJ r- irv J on m o d ^ c c H (- u^ \6 r^ CO* O^ 0-" O m LfN t~^ ON on U-N r— o' tn rs •-H ■H r-( CM OJ CM CM CM rr y^ a O) o t. u: Ih 13 ♦J .—1 § 8 8 8 g 8 g g g g g 8 § 8 g 8 8 8 8 8 O o LO d tM P ro VJD 0^ \r\ u^ ITN ir\ -J- ITv O ir. o OJ 3 d o ::* t^ -^ \D VD ^" vo" [-^ t~ ON o cy fO U-N VO CO O^ nH CM* on if\ c-^ o ^ OJ CM CM CM OJ CM rv-i ^ s p. (0 J3 (U ^tfi t. O O o o § O o o o O o Tehach Cummin ,C.D.-U O o ^ 8 o 8 o s. g 8 8 8 8 g g 8 8 8 g on m J- -J l/; U-N irv no' Vo' VO vd' VD VD VD VO VO NO* vo' VD :a o p. • § O O 8 8 g § g g 8 8 8 8 8 O o 8 8 g g g o o g 8 c ■P CO o O u^ li-N o o o ITN LT- ir^ ir\ ITs O O o o o O o o' m t^ o ON ^ c-^ ro t^ m O^ u^ ^ r^ m O^ -3- 6 VO* OJ* CO J' c ro m -J -^ u-\ u-\ ^ ^O t^ r- CO CTn On O o CM OJ m m J- E 3 01 CO M rH t o 01 > . o Q 8 g 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 s -^ 03 Q a h • -O PQ CO o 'O OJ OJ CD J' O O M3 NO NO VO VO Od CM CD CO J- CO J- o oj' OJ m fO m -:J U-N co' r^ J- h^ o' m r- O m •■s O oJ vo' o 4J ■ r-t OJ OJ OJ ro ro m J -5 iTN U-N u^ NO w o :r O -H DC a *j .-1 . O O o o 8 8 8 8 8 g g g 8 8 8 g 8 8 8 O o g g 8 g •V o U-N o ITN m CO ITS O CO IJ-N O O CO iTv un m tr\ o u^ v^*" Co' 0% O 1— t OJ -^ t-^ ^" -d- r^ ^ o CO on CD VD J- OJ t~- o J r^ o J- u^ c^ ^ J- <\J ^' CO* u^ m C\J 8 r- u^ CM Ch. VO -d rJ o (•^ (-0 -J -s J- -3- u-\ MD h- r- cC ON o OJ r>-^ o-i -J VO t^ pa ^ " " rH *"" 4) D §•3 8 8 g 8 O o § g 8 8 8 8 8 8 g o o g o o 8 8 1 8 O o g 55 o CO ^o J CC \D O CO CO CO J- O O o VO VD VD CM CD -3- o <»■ CO O' O o ^ Od CVJ -:* MD CO* o cy J u-\ r- O^ ^' OJ J-' ND CC 5.3 rH —1 '-* ^ OJ OJ cy OJ OJ OJ CO on m '^ on ^ Ph S o-'. o OJ J u^ MD r~ CO ON o OJ m J ITS VO 1^ CO C^ L. CO MD h- t^ t— c- r- t-- r- r^ t^ t- CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO OJ o- av CT' ON cr >t r-4 -46- CHAPTER VI. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY In the previous chapters of this report it has been indicated that in the Kern County Water Agency Service Area there is an immediate need for water to alleviate an overdraft of ground water and to provide for a healthy growth of agriculture. The provision for such growth is Important to the economy of Kern County. It has been further indicated that in the service area there are ample irrigable lands, suitable for the growing of high value crops to provide for agricultural growth, in addition to the lands presently irrigated with ground water which are in need of a supplemental water supply. Market outlook studies indicate there will be a market for crops which exceeds the amount of crops which could be grown on these lands with the water supply available from this project. About 1.5 million acre-feet of water are available for distribution to the San Joaquin Valley from the State Water Project. Further, in Chapter V it has been indicated that if water is sold in the service area in 1990 at stated rates there will be a demand for about 1,000,000 acre-feet of water. In this chapter there is presented an analysis which shows that, if water is retailed at rates within the users' abilities to pay and if benefits from the import of a supplemental supply of water are reasonably assessed in the service area of the Agency, it is feasible for the Agency to contract with the 47 state for a supply of 1,000,000 acre-feet of water annually. The analysis indicates that, through a sound program of financing based on water tolls and assessment revenues, the Agency can meet the cost of project water on a year-by-year basis. At the same time the water users can pay the Agency's toll for water as well as pay the cost for necessary land development and distribution system construction. Financial Analysis In the following paragraphs are discussed the various factors entering into the analysis. The analysis is presented in Table 16, "Financial Analysis - Kern County Water Agency," which is bound at the end of the report. Agricultural Water Toll From the cost -demand curves presented in Chapter V it can be shown that if water were sold in the Kern County Water Agency Service Area at the full cost of delivering water an effective demand for about 400,000 acre-feet of irrigation water could be realized in 1990. At the same time about 140,000 acre- feet of urban water would be used. As was previously pointed out, however, to overcome the ground water overdraft and assist the economy of this agriculturally oriented county there is a need to deliver more water for agricultural purposes. This additional required water would be used for irrigation only if water cost to the user were decreased from the full cost. In this analysis it is assumed that water tolls by the Agency would be less than the State's charges at the same point. 48 The assumed agency tolls are shown in Table 12, "Agricultural Water Tolls at Canalside." When compared to the Agency's August 1962 analysis of payment capacity, these values range from the same to $3-50 per acre-foot more than those prepared by the Agency. Since the water users' abilities to pay for water are lowest during the critical early years of the project while lands are being developed and distribution systems are constructed, the water tolls are escalated at the rate of 50 cents every five years for a total increase of $2 per acre-foot by the year I99O. TABLE 12 AGRICULTURAL WATER TOLLS AT CANALSIDE (Dollars per Acre-foot) Year 1968 69 1970 71 72 73 74 1975 76 77 78 79 1980 81 82 83 84 1985 86 87 88 89 1990. 2035 California Aqueduct Coastal :Semitropic, Bel-: West Kern Aqueduct : ridge, Rosedale-: County Antelope : Rio Bravo W.S.D.,: W.D. Plain :Lost Hills W.D.,: Agri- W.D. :Kern River Delta: culture 17.00 17.50 18.00 18.50 10.00 10.50 11.00 11.50 14.00 14.50 15.00 15.50 Wheeler Ridge- Mar icopa W.S.D. Area No, Area No. 2 15.00 15.50 16.00 16.50 22.00 22.50 23.00 23.50 19.00 12.00 16.00 17.00 24.00 49 The toll for surplus water delivered on an irrigation demand schedule to member units is assumed to be at the same rate as annual entitlements shown in Table 12. Project water cost to the farm operators at the farm headgate is the sum of the unit local conveyance cost as presented in Table 9 and water toll at canalside as presented in Table 12. These are the values used to determine the maximum demand for water for each member unit. Urban Water Toll The urban areas have the capacity to repay the total water costs; consequently, it Is assiimed that tolls for munic- ipal and industrial water would be established to recover each year's allocated cost. In years prior to water deliveries, when costs are allocated, it is assumed that the costs would be paid from the ad valorem assessment fund. Benefited Area Importation of water to Kern County will prove beneficial in varying degrees to the people living within the project service area. Farm operators presently utilizing ground water will witness savings from the reduction in cost of operating pumps as project water improves ground water conditions over those which would otherwise exist. Business people and urban dwellers, in addition to receiving project water for municipal and industrial uses, will benefit from the economic activity resulting from the growth of irrigated agriculture induced by project water. 50 In this study the benefited area is assumed to be the Kern County Water Agency Service Area as shown on Plate 2. Present and Projected Assessed Valuations The assessed valuation for the county totaled $718,046,000 in i960 as compared to $521,595,000 in 1950, an increase of some 36 percent. The average annual increase over the past l4 years is 3-7 percent. Much of this rise is the result of population increases and economic development. Inflation also is responsible for some of the appreciation in assessed valuation. Table 13, "Historical Assessed Valuations, Kern County," shows the growth of assessed valuation for Kern County from 19^8 to the present. TABLE 13 HISTORICAL ASSESSED VALUATIONS KERN COUNTY i i Percentage Increase Year ; Assessed Valuation ; Over Previous Year 1948-49 $ 466,077,000 1949-50 521,595,000 11.9 1950-51 505,892,000 -3.0 1951-52 533,694,000 5.5 1952-53 562,803,000 5.5 1953-54 581,242,000 3.2 1954-55 617,163,000 6.2 1955-56 624,801,000 1.2 1956-57 650,970,000 4.2 1957-58 679,776,000 4.4 1958-59 718,618,000 5.7 1959-60 718,046,000 -0.1 1960-61 735,710,000 2.5 1961-62 744,919,000 1.3 1962-63 766,835,000 2.9 For purposes of determining reasonable assessment rates in the benefited area, projections of assessed valuation of 51 property located within the boundaries of the Agency have been made. These estimates are based on the expected Increases in population and irrigated acreage. Trends In mineral rights valuation were also considered. The 1990 valuation within the Agency's service area is expected to reach about $874,000,000. Included in these values are mineral rights valuation. These projections are believed to be conservative in view of the recent increases in valuation witnessed in the county and also because per capita and per acre valuations have been projected at the present levfel over the next 30 years. Projected assessed valua- tions are shown in Table l4. TABLE 14 PRESENT AND PROJECTED ASSESSED VALUATIONS • ^ Kern County Water Fiscal Year : Kern County ; Agency Service Area 1959-60 $ 718,046,000 $458,000,000 1969-70 830,000,000 5^0,000,000 1979-80 1,000,000,000 661,000,000 1989-90 1,317,000,000 874,000,000 Bonded Indebtedness The Kern County Water Agency has no bonded Indebtedness at the present time. The total bonded indebtedness for the county in the year I96I-62 was about $35,000,000 which was about five percent of its assessed valuation. This ratio of bonded indebtedness to assessed valuation has remained practically constant during the past five years. The present debt ratio for 52 Kern County Is quite favorable compared to other counties. This is shown in Table 15, "Bonded Indebtedness Compared with Assessed Valuations by Counties." TABLE 15 BONDED INDEBTEDNESS COMPARED WITH ASSESSED VALUATIONS BY COUNTIES* 19bO-bl Bonded Indebtedness in Percent of Assessed Valuation County Fresno Kern Kings Los Angeles Orange Riverside San Bernardino San Diego San Luis Obispo Santa Barbara Tulare Ventura 7.8 5.1 5.5 18.8 16.0 14.3 12.5 17.-4 8.5 10.8 4.5 18.9 ♦Counties to be served from California or Coastal Aqueduct. Financial Analysis Table Presented in Table l6 is a year-by-year summary of the assumed revenues from sale of water by the Agency to its member units; the costs which would be charged to the Kern County Water Agency by the State for annual entitlement and surplus agricultural water, and municipal and industrial water; the difference between revenues and costs or the net operating revenues; the revenues which would accrue from the ad valorem assessment of benefits; and the calculations of balance of funds remaining at the end of each year. 53 Included in the table is a list of the assumed rates of ad valorem assessment for project benefits. The Initial rate In 1964-65 is 50 cents per $100 of assessed valuation. The rate decreases to 25 cents in the year 2011, Other combinations of water tolls and assessment rates can provide sufficient revenues to meet the costs allocated to the Agency. These rates reflect a reasonable assessment of the bene- fits and approximate those suggested in the agency negotiating committee's August I962 payment capacity analysis , During the early years of the project substantial amounts of revenue in excess of cost are generated. These assessment revenues accumulate in 1994 to a maximum of over $50 million, including Interest at 4 percent. Thereafter, the assessment fund is reduced and is depleted at the end of the repayment period. Although the net revenues are assumed to accumulate interest, these funds could be used to partially finance the con- struction of distribution systems and/or make advance payments to the State. The latter would be equivalent to investment of the net revenues at 4 percent if the project interest rate, which is dependent upon the interest rate on bonds yet to be sold, develops to be 4 percent as is presently assumed. The financial analysis contains many assumptions as to matters which are in the province of the directors of the Kern County Water Agency. It is believed, however, bhat the assumptions employed are sufficiently representative to 54 demonstrate that not only Is the suggested program financially feasible but that it would remain so with reasonable variation in the assumptions. To more fully explain the significance of the values in each column of the financial analysis table, explanations of the column headings are as follows: Explanation of Column Headings in Table l6 Column Number Comments 1 Years of the period of analysis, commencing in fiscal year I965, the year after assumed signing of contract in 1963 and approval of the program by a referendum, and terminating in 2035, the assumed end of 50-year repayment period following final project construction. 2 Delivery of annual entitlements for agricultural and municipal and industrial purposes. The total demand and the rate of demand build-up are those proposed by the department on June 13, 19^3 • 3 Annual delivery of surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. This class of water is assumed to be used in agricultural areas of Kern County Water Agency Service Area. Its use terminates after the year 198I, the last year of availability of such surplus water, 4 Total annual delivery to the Agency of water for all purposes. (Sum of Columns 2 and 3). 5 Delivery of annual entitlements of agricultural water. 6 Annual delivery to agricultural areas of surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. 55 Explanation of Column Headings In Table l6 (continued) Column Number Comments 7 Total annual delivery to agricultural areas. (Sum of Columns 5 and 6). 8a Weighted average assumed agency water toll to member units at canalslde. Escalation of 50 cents per acre- foot every five years conforms with pricing program presented in agency negotiating committee's August I962 payment capacity analysis. (Footnote 1 indicates charge to member units of Kern County Water Agency). 8 Total revenue from delivery of annual entitlement of agricultural water. (Product of Columns 5 and 8a). 9a Weighted average of assumed agency water toll to member units for surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. 9 Total annual revenue from delivery of surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. (product of Columns 6 and 9a) . 10 Total annual revenue from delivery of both classes of water to agricultural areas. (Sum of Columns 8 and 9). 11 Annual repayment requirements for annual entitlements of agricultural water to be paid to State on a unit rate basis allowed under provisions of Article 45 of the prototype contract. 12a Cost per acre-foot of delivering surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. 12 Total annual cost of delivering surplus water on an irrigation demand schedule. (Product of Columns 12a and 6 ) . 56 Explanation of Column Headings In Table l6 (continued) Column Number Comments 13 Total annual cist of delivering both classes of irriga- tion water. (Sum of Columns 11 and 12). 14 Difference in cost of delivering agricultural water and estimated revenues received by the Kern County- Water Agency from the sale thereof. (Column 10 less Column 13) . 15 Schedule of delivery of annual entitlements of municipal and industrial water for use within Kern County Water Agency Service Area. 16 Annual repayment requirements to be paid to State for delivery of municipal and industrial water calculated on the basis of provisions of Articles 22 through 28, of prototype contract. 17 Repayment requirements in years prior to delivery of water to municipal and industrial areas. After start of such water delivery, annual toll assumed to equal the annual cost of delivering water for municipal and Industrial use. 18 Projected assessed valuation of properties within the Kern County Water Agency Service Area as shown on Plate 2. Projection generally based on estimated increases in population and growth in irrigated acreage. Additional consideration given to trends in mineral rights valuation. Values remain constant from 1990 on the assumption that increases in assessed valuation beyond that year will be reserved for additional water projects. 57 Explanation of Column Headings in Table 16 (continued) Column Number Comments 19 Assumed assessment rate to be levied on properties located within Agency service area. 20 Revenue generated by the ad valorem assessment ( 1/100 of product of Columns I8 and I9). 21 Balance of available funds from previous year plus revenue collected by Kern County Water Agency from ad valorem assessment in current year. (Sum of Column 25 of previous year and Column 20 of current year). 22 Sum of net operating revenue of agricultural and munici- pal and industrial water. (Sum of Columns Ih and I7). 23 Balance of Kern County Water Agency funds after meeting financial assistance requirement. (Column 21 less Column 22). 24 Interest earning on balance of Kern County Water Agency funds (Product of .04 and Column 23). 25 Balance of funds available to Kern County Water Agency annually. (Sum of Columns 23 and 24). 58 CHAPTER VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The pertinent information presented in this report is summarized and conclusions are presented in the following sections . Summary 1. The Kern County Water Agency was formed in I96I for the express purpose of obtaining a supplemental water supply for Kern County. It is empowered to contract with the State for a water supply, to make ad valorem assessments in accordance with benefits, and to contract to supply water to its member units. 2. The California Water Commission has assigned 1, '^75, 000 acre-feet of water from the State Water Project to the San Joaquin Valley, and an additional 72,000 acre-feet have been reserved as of June I963 for the valley from other assignments if needed. 3. The importance of agriculture to Kern County is demonstrated by the 196O value of agricultural and livestock production of approximately $2^7 million. Agriculture accounts for more employment in the county than any other enterprise. 4. Excellent lands are available within the Kern County Water Agency Service Area for a larger growth of agri- culture than could be supported by the expected market for crops or than could be supplied with water from the State Water Project . 59 5. There is a need for supplemental water supply in the Agency's service area to meet the present annual overdraft of about 700,000 acre-feet and to provide water for continued agricultural and urban growth. It is estimated the 1990 supplemental requirement for water would be 1,700,000 acre-feet if only the available lands and market demand were considered. 6. The State Water Project can provide water to the agency at an equivalent unit rate for annual entitlements of $20.42 per acre-foot for agricultural water and $20.18 per acre- foot for municipal and industrial water. It is estimated the cost of surplus water under the provisions of the proposed amendments to the Standard Provisions for Water Supply Contract would average $4.39 per acre-foot north of the Buena Vista Pumping Plant and $5.85 between Buena Vista Pumping Plant and Wheeler Ridge Pumping Plant I. During the early critical years of the project from I968 through I98I it is estimated the blended charge by the State to the agency for annual entitlements and surplus water for agriculture would average $l4.80 per acre-foot. 7. The i960 assessed valuation of the Agency's service area was about $458 million, and it is estimated it will- increase to about $874 million in I99O. 8. The Kern County Water Agency has no present bonded Indebtedness. The I96O-61 indebtedness of Kern County was about $35 million. The ratio of debt to assessed valuation was 5.1 percent. 60 9. With agricultural water prices established at rates approximating the ability of water users to pay and with ad valorem assessments for benefits accruing from the importation of water through the State Water Project made at reasonable rates, it is estimated the Agency's agricultural water demand in 1990 would be 858,000 acre-feet. The annual urban water demand v/ould be 142,000 acre-feet in the same year. Conclusions 1. The State of California has the necessary water supply and the authority to enter into a contract with the Kern County Water Agency for the service of 1,000,000 acre-feet of water annually to the Agency from the State Water Project. 2. The contractual cost to the Agency can be met with a sound financial program of agricultural water tolls based on the ability of users to pay for water and ad valorem assessments for benefits accruing from the importation of water through the State Water Project, and the acceptance of the proposed amendments to the Standard Provisions for Water Supply Contract concerning surplus water and surcharge credit. 3. The Agency is in a favorable position to enter into such a contract because of the substantial assessed valuation in Kern County and the moderate total of bonded indebtedness. 4. The Kern County Water Agency has the authority, the necessity, and the financial capability to enter into a contract with the State of California for the service of 1,000,000 acre- feet of water annually from the State Water Project. 5. This contract deserves the support of the voters of Kern County. 61 PLATE : STATE OF CAt-rFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY BRANCH LOCATION OF KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY SCALE OF MILES STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY BRANCH LOCATION OF KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY SCALE OF MILES 30 60 I I / LEGEND APPROXIMATE SERVICE AREA BOUNDARY / -/ ^yj \- \V %.. ^ /\ \ S. w ^v> y '//^/ ^ / / / ^'9/V//l -V >- \X v^ 3\.. <^^. \V o <>■ / \ /^ /. ^v .^> \ .\ A" \- ^^^-vv--^" m^ 'A STATE OF CALIFORNIA THE RESOURCES AGENCY OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT 0¥ WATER RESOURCES SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY BRANCH KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY SERVICE AREA 1963 SCALE OF MILES PLATE 3 SEMITROPIC WATER STORAGE DISTRICT N V. N s V V >» V s V. ^ s *s. ^ .^ -,^ - 40 80 120 160 200 240 THOUSANDS OF ACRE-FEET PER YEAR 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 THOUSANDS OF ACRE-FEET PER TEAR 280 320 50 LOST HILLS WATER DISTRICT 40 O N \ V 5=0 < V, «*. ^ - "> a ift 20 tt X s o O 10 s BELRIDGE WATER STORAGE DISTRICT ROSEDALE-RIO BRAVO WATER STORAGE DISTRICT WHEELER RIDGE- MARICOPA WATER STORAGE DISTRICT AREA No. I ANTELOPE PLAIN WATER DISTRICT 20 40 60 eO 100 120 140 160 ItO THOUSANDS OF ACRE -FEET PER YEAR 50 40 O o ho a a. lA 20 c -1 10 ' ^ s. N V V ^ > s V Si. s V. V <>s ^ s N s« s k V s^ s V 1 ' V •v ^ 10 20 30 40 50 GO 70 THOUSANDS OF ACHE -FEET PER YEAH 3 80 120 160 200 THOUSANDS OF ACRE -FEET PER YEAR WEST KERN COUNTY WATER DISTRICT WHEELER RIDGE-MARICOPA WATER STORAGE DISTRICT AREA No. 2 40 o \ > V < \ s s a. ^ ^ > V o S ^ 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 THOUSANDS OF ACRE -FEET PER TEAR 10 15 20 25 30 THOUSANDS OF ACRE-FEET PER YEAH 40 60 80 100 THOUSANDS OF 4CHE-FEET PER YEAR IRRIGATION WATER COST-DEMAND CURVES FOR POTENTIAL MEMBER UNITS OF KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 1963 Annual Water Dellverlei For All Goes (In Acre-Feet) Bntltlewent 1 surpTi 145,100 159,600 252,300 2611,500 293,300 yik.ioo 363,800 &06,900 Jt*9,900 I19I.9OO 730,200 776,900 822.500 970,100 921.200 958,900 307,000 239,300 169,600 352,900 331,100 176,300 180,600 191,300 211,500 232,300 500,600 506,100 631,100 730,200 776,900 822,500 670,100 921,200 956,900 lis, 600 203, It 00 231,200 255,900 283,500 318.800 356.800 397,900 C 35 ,700 476,000 517, 400 55" ,700 597.700 637.700 676,500 714,200 754,000 794,900 824,800 858,000 307.000 239, 300 169,400 352,900 331.100 177,300 ig»i,500 203, «oo 467, 300 466,700 590,500 558,100 528,200 750,800 766,800 781,100 686,700 ^5'*. 700 597.700 637.700 676,500 714,200 754,000 794,900 824,800 858,000 10.70 10.69 11.86 11.90 11.93 12.44 12.44 12.47 12.51 12.53 13.05 13.07 13.08 13.08 13.10 13.60 13.61 13.62 13.63 13.60 14.07 1.403,000 1,52U,000 2,«l8,0O0 2,751,000 3,053,000 3,527.000 3,966,000 4,1174,000 4.978,000 5, "59,000 6,212,000 6,762,000 7,255.000 7,818,000 6,354,000 9,200,000 9.720,000 10.26Q,000 10,834,000 11.217.000 12,072,000 12.44 12.44 12.47 12.51 12.53 3,819,100 2.976.900 2, 112, too 4,4l4,eoO 4.148,700 1,897,300 2,078,600 2,418,000 5,560,600 5,591,700 7,346,100 6,942,900 6,586,400 9,392,800 9,607,700 10,193,600 8,97", 800 7,255,000 7,818,000 8,354,000 9,200,000 9,720,000 10.269,000 10,834,000 11,217,000 12,072,000 $ 75,700 1,973,700 2,110,200 2,945,700 3,152,600 4,391,600 4,852.100 5,279,200 5,764,900 6,435,500 7,122,000 8,597,400 9,323,100 10,200,700 11,025,300 11,825,300 12,675,600 13,488,200 14,264,900 14,626,200 15,364,600 16,113,200 16,632,200 17,224,100 17,190,900 17,190,000 17,187,300 17,186,400 17.184,600 17,183,700 17,182,700 17,181,800 5.31 4.49 4.83 5.01 5.00 5.12 5.11 1,482,800 1,196,500 847,000 1,806,800 1,691,900 * 75,700 2,591,700 2,602,600 3,191,000 3.385,600 ",391,800 6,001,900 6,311,300 7,247,700 7,632,000 7,969,000 10. "04,200 11.015,000 11,799.400 11,920,900 11.825,300 12,675,600 13,486,200 14,264,900 14,636.200 15,364,600 16,113,200 16,632,200 17,224,100 17.190,900 17,190,000 17.187,300 17,186,400 17.184,600 17,183,700 17,182,700 17,181,800 $ -75,700 -715,500 -681 , 300 -1,293,700 -1.306,800 -1.973.800 -4Jti.300 -719,600 +98,400 -689,100 -1,382,600 -1,011,400 -1,407,300 -1,605,800 -2,946,100 -4,570,300 -4,857,600 -5, 13", 200 -5,064,900 -4,906,200 -5,095,600 -5,279,200 -5,415,200 -5,152,100 -5,118,900 -5,118,000 -5.115,300 -5, 114.400 -5,112,600 -5,111,700 -5,110,700 -5,109,600 14,000 17,000 28,900 33,300 37 . "00 40,600 "5,000 48,100 52,000 56,200 58,800 66,600 75,500 84.700 92.500 100,400 108,300 116,100 126.300 134,100 142,000 113,500 225.300 375,600 7"O,200 802, 300 982,000 1.025,000 1,084,800 1,121,700 1.182,600 1.214.300 1,372,600 1,425,700 1,461,700 1,582,800 1,703,900 1,835,500 1,936,200 2,039.800 2,078,000 2,168,500 2.307.100 2,387,800 2.477.300 2,469,900 2,469,800 2,469,300 2,469,200 2,466,900 2,468,700 2,468,600 2,468,400 -113,500 -225,300 -375,600 -533.800 -582,200 2,243,100 2,102,400 1,974,300 1,956.600 1,945,100 1,917,700 1,906,500 1,906,600 1,903,600 1,901,400 1,693,700 1,892,600 1,891,000 1.886,500 (497,000,000 505,000,000 514,000,000 522,000,000 531,000,000 540,000,000 552,000,000 564,000,000 576,000,000 588,000.000 600,000.000 612.000.000 624.000,000 636,000.000 649.000,000 661,000,000 682,000,000 703,000,000 725,000,000 746,000,000 767,000,000 788,000,000 810,000,000 831,000,000 852,000,000 874,000,000 0."5 0.35 I 2,485,000 2,525,000 2,570,000 2,610,000 2.655.000 2,700.000 2.760,000 2.820,000 2,880,000 2,940.000 3,000,000 3,060,000 3,120.000 3,180,000 3,2"5,000 2,975,000 3,069,000 3.164,000 3,263,000 3,357,000 3,462,000 3,546,000 3,645,000 3,740,000 3,834,000 3,933,000 3,933,000 3,059,000 12.072,000 17,181,600 ( 2.4&5,000 4,991,400 7,526,700 9,968,4oo 11,722,900 13.577,800 15,535,500 17,617,800 19,149,800 22,396,800 25,544,300 29.728,400 33,320,900 36,395,800 40,o4u,8oo 43,158,000 ''6,283,300 48,234,700 48,674,000 48,926,100 "•e, 995,600 "9,233.900 "9,745,800 50,176,200 50,526,900 50,849,200 51,458,000 52,125,700 52 , 821 , 000 53,546,900 53,438,800 53,307,800 53,182,900 53,054,100 52,921,100 52,782,800 52.638,900 52, 'log, 300 52,333,700 52,171,900 52.003,600 51,828,600 51,646,600 51,457,300 51,360,400 51,055,600 49,968,600 48,838,200 47,662,500 46, "39,800 45,168,200 43,845,700 42,470,300 41,039,900 39,552,300 38,005,200 36, 396,200 34,722,900 32,962,600 31,172.700 29,290,400 27,332,600 25,296,900 23,179,600 20,977,600 11.252,800 8,573,700 5,109,800 ! -113,500 -225,300 -451,300 -1,249,300 -1,263,500 -1,293,700 -1,306,600 -1,973,800 -441,300 -719,600 +98,400 -689,100 -1,382,600 -1,011,400 -1.407. 300 -1,605,800 -2,9"6,10O -4,570,300 -4,857,600 -5,134,200 -5.064,900 -4,906,200 -5,095,600 -5,279,200 -5,415,200 -5,152,100 -5,118,900 -5,118,000 -5,115,300 -5.1l4,400 -5,112,600 -5,111,700 -5.110,700 -5,109,800 i 2,371.500 4,766.100 7.075,400 8,719,100 10,459,400 12,284,100 14,228,700 15,644,000 18,708,500 21,677,200 25,642.700 29.039,300 31,938.300 35. 384, "00 38.637,500 41,552,200 43,33r,2O0 43,664, "00 43,816, "00 43,791,900 44,327,700 44,650,200 44, 897 . 000 "5.111,700 45,697,100 ^6,339,100 47,007,700 "7,705,700 ''8,432,500 "7,811,300 47,673,000 "7,529.100 47,379,500 47,223,900 47,062.100 46,893,800 46,718,800 46,536,600 '16,347.500 46,150,600 45,945,800 44,858,800 43,728,400 42,552,700 41,330,000 40,058,400 34,442,500 32,895,400 31,286,400 29,613,100 27,872,800 26,062,900 24,180,600 22,223,000 20,187,100 18,069,800 15,867,800 13,577,700 11,196,000 8,719,000 6,143,000 3,'i63,900 94.900 190,600 283,000 867,100 1,025,700 1,161,600 1,277,500 i,"i5,4oo 1,5*15,500 1,662,100 1,733,500 1,746,600 1,752,700 1,751,700 1,757.200 1.773.100 1,786,000 1.795,900 1,804,500 1,827.900 1.653,600 1,880,300 1,908,200 1.937,300 1.932,600 1.927.800 1,922,500 1.917,000 1,912,500 1,906,900 1,901,200 1,895,200 1,889,000 1,882,500 1,875,800 1,868,800 1,661,500 1.853,900 1,846,000 1,837,800 1.794,400 1,749,100 1,702,100 1,653,200 1,602,300 1,549,400 1,494,400 1,437.200 1.377.700 1,315,800 1,251,500 1,184,500 1,114,900 1,042,500 967,200 886,900 807,500 722,800 634,700 543,100 447,800 3"8,800 2"5,700 138,600 466,400 956.700 358, 4oo 067,900 877,800 ,775,500 ,797,800 269,800 "56,800 544,300 668,400 200.900 215,800 799,800 183,000 214,300 070,700 411,000 569, 100 543,600 687.900 100,800 436,200 692,900 916,200 525.000 192,700 088,000 613,900 369,800 2"8,8O0 123,900 ? 95, 100 52,100 723,800 579,900 430,300 274,700 112,900 944,600 769,600 587,600 398.300 201.400 996.600 783. 600 653,200 "77,500 254,800 963,200 660,700 285,300 854,900 367.300 820,200 211,200 537,900 797,600 907,700 105, "00 147,800 111,900 994,600 792,600 502,500 120,800 643,800 ,067,600 388,700 602,500 lasei] on initial oanalelde chsr[.__ *17/AP to Antelope Plain; il47«' Karlcopa No. 2, W^er charge li conatBnt. Surplus toll la not 1 ■gea of (10/AP to Semitroplc, Loat Hllla, Belrldge, Roaedale-Blo Bravo, and Kern Hlver Delta; l/AP to Taft Agricultural! $15/AP to Wheeler Ridge- Marl eopa Ho, 1; and $22/AP to Wheeler Rldge- ; the rate of abmit 50 c i every five years until 1990. Thereafter toll remains 2/ Based on "Pay e ' go program c • delivery begins. Initial year's payment requirements made from t r^. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW RENEWED BOOKS ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE RECALL - OL/ yty i\rtii 1 DUE APFX, 197U DUE JUN 12 1970 Jl.i 1 RK'D JUN 1 1 1974 ADR 2. 2. RtfO B^^ 2*^80 PHY§gP^^€0 fi¥'5^V'eoif»v i >iJ\N_ 17519892 LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Book Slip-50m-12,'64(P772s4)458 354270 TC82U '"'■lifornia. Dept, 02 ■ i//ater Resources, A2 Bulletin, no. 7." PHYSlCAf dZ SCIENCES LIBRARY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS 3^U270 California. Dept. of V»ater lie sources, Bulletin. Call Number: TC82U C2 A2 no.liy:ci