IttOf 
 
 .NHEX 
 
 s EMENDATIONS 
 
 IU8 
 
 THE AUTHORISED VERSION 
 
 OLD TESTAMENT. 
 
 BY SELIG NEWMAN, 
 
 U TUOR OF THE "ABRIDGED HEBREW GRAMMAR," AND THK 
 " COMPLETE HEBREW AND ENGLISH LEXICON." 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 B. WERTHEIM, PATERNOSTER ROW. 
 1839.
 
 LONDON : 
 
 PB.IXTKD BT JOHN WBRTHHfMBR AKD 
 CIBCU8 PLACB, FINSBCBJ- CIRCUS.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 As the title of this little yet laborious work (coming as it 
 does from a Jew), is rather a startling one, and may, perhaps, 
 add to the mistrust naturally entertained of a Jew's translation 
 and exposition of certain passages of the Bible, so that some 
 persons may, without investigation, condemn it at once as 
 containing a deadly poison, I beg to assure the reader, that 
 I originally undertook this work without the remotest inten- 
 tion of either attacking or defending any creed, but simply 
 in order to redeem a pledge I have frequently given my 
 numerous and pious Christian pupils to point out and correct 
 the mistranslations which exist in the authorised version of 
 the Old Testament. Another object which I have had in 
 view has been to make known to Bible-readers generally, 
 the opinion of the learned Jewish commentators, both ancient 
 and modern, on the many intricate passages dispersed through- 
 out that book ; and I am persuaded that whoever will refer 
 to those passages whereon Jews and Christians are at issue, 
 will be satisfied that I have acted up to my primary intention ; 
 for wherever I have been obliged to differ from the received 
 readings which are considered to support Christianity, I have 
 either avoided a comment altogether, or given as little of it 
 as I possibly could to be understood ; and had it been con- 
 sistent with honesty, I would gladly have left them unnoticed 
 
 2071 422
 
 IV PREFACE. 
 
 altogether. But leaving alone the very few passages, to 
 my interpretation of which I am fully aware Christians cannot 
 assent, there are very many others I have noticed, in which 
 I am inclined to believe every competent judge will agree 
 with me, that the translators were either decidedly wrong, 
 or that where the meaning in the original is dubious, they 
 have not given the happiest rendering. This I trust will be 
 an apology for my intruding on the religious world ; and I 
 hope that the arduous task I have been induced to impose upon 
 myself, and have performed to the best of my abilities, will 
 not be unacceptable to many. It may, perhaps, even be the 
 means of raising the question, whether it ever was agreeable 
 to justice and religion, and especially, whether it be so now 
 (in an age and country, when and where the greatest efforts 
 are made for disseminating holy writ, and the number of its 
 readers far surpass those of any other age and country), to put 
 the Bible into people's hands, without previously, as much as 
 lies in the power of fallible beings, to separate the chaff from 
 the wheat; particularly since the former may prove dangerous 
 to the infidel, by strengthening him in his unbelief, as well as to 
 the believer, by raising doubts in his mind, of the authenticity 
 of a book, which apparently contains so many incongruities. 
 For example: Ex. xi. 2, 35,36, reads according to the version, 
 " One shall borrow of his, or her neighbour ; " but the 
 meaning of bsttf, in the original, is not borrow, but ask ; i. e. 
 " One shall ask or demand." This is perfectly in accordance 
 with justice: for if the Israelites could have stripped the 
 Egyptians of all they were possessed of, it would have been 
 far from remunerating them for the slavery they were kept in 
 during centuries, without any cause, and that too, under 
 great cruelties ; whilst the permission or order to borrow with- 
 out intending to restore, being a licence to defraud, could not 
 have emanated from the fountain of justice.
 
 PREFACE. V 
 
 Again, Lev. xxvii. 29, if mn were not rendered, as in the 
 version, "devoted," but excommunicated, or accursed (as in 
 Josh. vii. 1). then the infidel could not accuse the divine legis- 
 lator, whose attributes are " merciful and gracious," of 
 recommending human sacrifices. Another similar mistrans- 
 lation is that of (Judges xi. 31): "and I will offer it" which 
 is certainly enough to astonish one, at the barbarity of him 
 who made the inhuman vow, as also of the whole Jewish 
 nation, who could tolerate the accomplishment of it. It is 
 true, in the margin this stain is wiped away, for there it is 
 " or I will offer it," which, like the original, implies, if fit for 
 it, it shall be offered, and if not, then he or she, shall be 
 devoted to the service of God. But why, I ask, is this, 
 together with as many other instances wherein the margin is 
 correct, and the text incorrect, as would fill a large volume ? 
 Why, I ask, are they not only suffered to retain their places ; 
 but the generality of Bibles, in the hands of millions, to con- 
 tain the one without the other ? And it must be apparent, that 
 those Bibles which have marginal readings, are of little benefit 
 to most readers, who, from their ignorance of the original, are 
 incapable of deciding whether the text or the margin be correct; 
 more especially where the margin gives several meanings to 
 one passage, which must involve them in doubts which to 
 prefer. A few specimens will, perhaps, suffice to show how 
 necessary it is, at least, for the marginal and textual readings 
 to change places, if not for the former to supersede the latter 
 altogether. Is. ix. 3, according to the text is, " not increased 
 the joy," but in the margin it is the very contrary " to him 
 thou hast increased the joy." The word sb which makes 
 that difference, being the same as in Lev. xxv. 30, where the 
 translators did not scruple to follow the Hebrew *np reading, 
 and properly render it, " that is in the walled city," whilst 
 in Isaiah by the negative, "not increased," they make the
 
 VI PREFACE. 
 
 prophet contradict himself with the same breath ; as he goes 
 on to say, " They joy before thee." 
 
 Prov. xxv. 23. " The north wind driveth away rain, so doth 
 an angry countenance a backbiting tongue." In the margin 
 it is " The north wind bringeth forth rain, &c." Now, not 
 only bbin generally means, to bring forth; but it is also 
 known that in Palestine the north wind coming from the sea 
 does not drive away, but brings forth rain, and thus the com- 
 parison is correct: namely, As the north wind brings forth 
 rain, so does a whispering tongue (thus the Hebrew) bring 
 forth an angry countenance, i. e. being suspected of back- 
 biting. 
 
 Jerem.xx. 7. " Thou hast deceived me, and I was deceived." 
 This certainly would have been an improper and indecent 
 expression of the prophet respecting God. But in the margin 
 it is as it should be: "Thou hast enticed me, and I was 
 enticed." 
 
 So much in excuse for the sin* of commission. Now for 
 that of omission. 
 
 Firstly, not to increase the bulk of this work and enhance 
 the expense, I have quoted just as much of a verse or phrase 
 as I found necessary. It will, therefore, be indispensable in 
 order to understand the difference in the two renderings, 
 by rejecting the one and substituting the other, to look at the 
 whole verse, and sometimes even at what precedes and 
 follows it. 
 
 Secondly, I have omitted to notice those mistranslations 
 where there is no difference between the meaning conveyed in 
 them, and in an improved translation. 
 
 Thirdly, where the same mistranslation occurs in the same 
 
 * Sin it may be thought by some to presume to correct a transla- 
 tion, the superiority of which to most others, cannot be disputed.
 
 PREFACE. Vll 
 
 book, at no great distance from each other, I have corrected 
 the first only, and referred to the others. 
 
 Fourthly, I have omitted to notice the apparent mistransla- 
 tions of passages about the true meanings of which there is 
 a general disagreement among commentators, and which I, 
 therefore, could not take upon myself to correct. These 
 obscurities are caused by ellipses, redundancies, and transpo- 
 sitions of letters, words, and phrases, as well as by the 
 interchange of some letters peculiar to the eastern languages, 
 and which irregularities are mostly found in the minor Pro- 
 phets, in Job, and in Chronicles. The description of the 
 buildings of the temples of Solomon and Ezekiel are likewise 
 not without difficulties, by reason of the parts of the structures 
 and the manner of their constructions being at present little 
 understood, and-must, therefore, leave the translators in great 
 uncertainty. 
 
 Lastly, the following few words, from their too frequent 
 occurrence, I have omitted, arid it may suffice to notice them 
 here. 
 
 D^nbs, the primary meaning of which is, " a mighty one," 
 includes God as well as an angel, a judge, and a powerful, 
 or godly man. A distinction ought, therefore, to be made : 
 as 1 Sam. xxviii. 13. "for I saw gods," ought to be "1 saw 
 some mighty one." And so Gen. vi. 2. instead of " sons of 
 God," it should be, sons of great or godly men, i. e. worship- 
 pers of God, in contrast to the daughters of the vulgar men, 
 i. e. those who deified creatures, as appears from iv. 6. 
 
 min is always translated law, but the literal meaning of 
 that word is, instruction, and thus it should be rendered mostly 
 throughout Proverbs. 
 
 blN27 is frequently translated hell, but there being no term 
 in the Hebrew expressing the same as the word hell does in 
 English, the word blWtt? should always he rendered grave, or 
 lower world.
 
 Vlll PREFACE. 
 
 In conclusion, I beg to observe to those of my respected 
 pupils who urged me to this undertaking, that as perfection 
 of a work of this kind cannot be hoped for, especially from an 
 individual; should I unintentionally have outstepped the 
 bounds of truth, I hope they will still give me credit for 
 honest intention, and also be convinced that I have not spent 
 my labour in vain. I also beg to remind them, that wherever 
 I have had occasion to refer to the Lexicon, 1 have referred 
 to my own, as the derivation of certain words might not be 
 found in any other Lexicon. 
 
 S. NEWMAN. 
 
 Explanation of the Abbreviations usedjierein. 
 
 Arab, stands for Arabic. 
 
 Chal. Chaldee. 
 
 comp. ,, compare. 
 
 Lex. ,, Lexicon. 
 
 lit. literally. 
 
 Targ. ,, Targum. 
 
 This mark rj preceding the correction, denotes that the original 
 will bear the meaning given in the text, yet the other is preferable ; 
 whilst the omission of this mark, shows that the text is decidedly 
 wrong, and my own rendering right. 
 
 But where the above mark is repeated, it shows that the correc- 
 tion also is doubtful ; the original being capable of receiving other 
 renderings.
 
 GENESIS. 
 
 1:21. great whales, 
 
 2: 2. ended his work 
 1 7. thou shalt surely die. 
 
 4 : K And Adam knew 
 
 7. shalt thou not be accepted ? 
 
 and thou shalt rule 
 13. ray punishment is greater than 
 I can bear. 
 
 15. set a mark upon Cain, 
 
 22. an instructer of every artificer 
 
 in brass 
 
 26. to call upon the name 
 9:13. 1 do set 
 
 20. And Noah began to be a hus- 
 bandman, and he planted 
 10: 12. a great city. 
 13: 4. and there Abram called 
 14: 1. king of nations ; 
 
 15: 1 . and thy exceeding great reward. 
 3. one born in my house 
 
 
 11. the fowls 
 
 16. is not yet full. 
 
 17. a burning lamp 
 
 (This word in the original 
 includes not only) great 
 whales, but also serpents 
 or dragons, 
 jjhad ended his work, 
 rjthou shalt surely be doomed 
 
 to die a . 
 
 And Adam had known b 
 mayst thou not lift up (thy 
 
 fallen countenance ?) 
 rjyet thou canst rule c 
 Tjis mine iniquity too great to 
 
 bear? d 
 
 made (gave) a sign to Cain, 
 a polisher of all tools of brass 
 
 rjto call by the name 6 
 r\ivhich I did set 
 And Noah the husbandman 
 
 began and planted 
 the great city. 
 
 jand where Abram had called 
 king of Gouyim (and so v. 9. 
 
 Comp. Josh. xii. 23). 
 thy reward is very great, 
 a son of my house (i. e.) my 
 
 domestic 
 the birds of prey 
 will not be full until then, 
 a flame of fire 
 
 a Compare 1 Ki. ii. 42. And so mD IZ^S one doomed to die. 
 
 b Previous to his being driven out of the garden ; for had it been subse- 
 quently, it would be expressed by 37*1*1- 
 
 c Sin being here personified as a seducer, who lieth at the door, waiting 
 with the desire to seduce man (compare chap. viii. 21, for the inclination, &c.), 
 yet over whom man can prevail. 
 
 d Can it not be forgiven ? The sign of interrogation may be omitted : so in 
 Judges xi. 9, shall I be your head ? 
 
 e The name of God was then given to men, and to idols ; they then began 
 to deify creatures.
 
 GENESIS. 
 
 16:13. Thou God seest me: &c. 
 
 after him that seeth me ? 
 18: 3. My Lord, 
 10. to the time 
 
 19: 1. there came two angels 
 19. some evil 
 28. a furnace 
 
 31. in the earth 
 
 '20 : 6. for I also withheld thee, &c. : 
 
 therefore 
 16. he is to thee a covering of the 
 
 eyes, unto all that are with 
 
 thee, and with all other: 
 
 thus she was reproved. 
 21: 6. God hath made me to laugh, 
 
 so that all that hear will 
 
 laugh with me. 
 22:13. behold behind him a ram 
 
 caught in a thicket 
 
 23: 13. But if thou wilt give it, I pray 
 thee, hear me : 1 will give 
 thee 
 
 24:22. ear-ring 
 
 43. the virgin 
 
 47. the ear-ring upon her face, 
 
 60. Thou art our sister, &c. of 
 
 millions 
 
 25:18. and he died 
 27. a plain man, 
 
 32. at the point to die: 
 
 26: 4. in thy seed, &c. be blessed j 
 
 26. Ahuzzath one of his friends, 
 27 : 36. Is not he rightly named Jacob ? 
 for 
 
 40. shalt have the dominion, 
 28 : 1 1 . for his pillows, (and so verse 1 8) 
 
 Thou art my visible God (i. e.) 
 a divine being who was vi- 
 sible to me 
 
 after my seeing ? f 
 TJ My lord", 
 
 i) to this time (i.e.) in a year's 
 time 
 
 the two angels came 
 
 the evil (i. e.) the calamity 
 
 a lime-kiln 
 rjin the land 
 
 and I also withheld thee, &c. : 
 
 and therefore 
 
 r) it h is to thee a covering of the 
 eyes, before all that are with 
 thee, and before all others : 
 and thou wilt be justified. 
 
 a cause of laughter it is God 
 hath done to me ; all that 
 hear it will laugh about me. 
 
 behold, a ram (running by) ; 
 afterward, it was caught in 
 a thicket 
 
 I pray, if thou only wouldst 
 hear me : I had rather 
 given thee 
 
 TJ nose-ring (and so verse 30. 
 Comp. verse 47) 
 
 the young woman 
 
 the nose-ring upon her nose, 
 
 Our sister ! &c. of myriads 
 
 and he lay down (i. e.) dwelt 1 
 a perfect man (i. e.) upright 
 going to die (i. e.) sure to die 
 with thy seed, &c. bless them- 
 selves 
 
 t) a party of his friends k 
 is it because he is named Ja- 
 cob? that 
 
 ijwilt be low (i. e.) humbled 
 at (or) about his head 
 
 f He having so soon become invisible. Compare Judges xiii. 21. 
 
 ? ^3 >*!? ma y a l so be applied to man. Compare Judges vi. 13 15. 
 
 h The present of silver is to thee honourable amends, which will clear thee 
 in the eyes of all those that have witnessed my taking thee away. 
 
 1 Thus bDD is properly rendered in Judges vii. 12, and compare Gen. xvi. 12. 
 
 k In the original, friend, as in Nahum ii. 4, his mighty one, for, his mighty 
 ones.
 
 GENESIS. 
 
 28: 21 . then shall the Lord be my God :' 
 
 2*2. And this stone, 
 30: 11. A troop cometh: 
 33:12. go before thee. 
 
 18. came to Shalem 
 
 19. pieces of money. 
 34: 7. folly 
 
 35: 4. the oak 
 
 16. but a little way 
 36: 7. wherein they were strangers 
 38: 18. and thy bracelets, 
 
 41 :40. according unto thy word shall 
 all my people be ruled: 
 
 43:34. sent messes 
 
 44:10. let it be according unto your 
 
 words : 
 
 22. his father would die 
 45 : 6. be earing 
 47:30. But I will lie with my fathers, 
 
 49 : 4. then defiledst thou it : he went 
 up to my couch. 
 
 5. in their habitations. 
 10. until Shiloh come ; 
 
 and the Lord will be my God 
 
 (i.e.) my protector. (Comp. 
 
 xvii. 7, andDeut. xxix. 12.) 
 Then this stone 
 17 A good fortune cometh 1 
 
 go beside thee. 
 
 ?) came perfect (i. e.) uninjured" 1 
 TJ Kesitahs". 
 villany 
 
 the turpentine tree 
 still a great piece of ground 
 (lit.) of their dwellings 
 and thy string (or) thy cloth, 
 
 (and so verse 25) p 
 according to thy word shall 
 
 all my people be provided : 
 (or) all my people shall kiss thy 
 
 mouth (i. e.) do thee hom- 
 age 
 
 sent portions (or) presents 
 it ought to be according to 
 
 your words, however 
 rjhe (the son) would die 
 be ploughing 
 When I shall lie down with my 
 
 fathers, (i.e. die; as 1 Kings 
 
 ii. 10) 
 then defiledst thou him that 
 
 went up to my couch (i.e.) 
 
 Jacob himself 
 their relationship q 
 ijor until he will come to Shi- 
 
 loh r 
 
 1 The ancient Hebrews are supposed to have given the epithet, Gad, to the 
 planet Jupiter (and so called in Arabic), which was worshipped as the god of 
 Fortune (compare Is.lxv. 11); under which star the child was born, and ac- 
 cordingly was called by its name. 
 
 m But according to the book of Jasher, Shalem was the name of a country. 
 
 n Xame of a coin, of the same amount as a Gerah. 
 
 rnDD is thought either to denote the same as TDD large, or as DVO by 
 transposition ; so in Targ. 
 
 P The string, whereon the seal was suspended; or, the cloth, which in the 
 East they bind round the head. 
 
 1 In deeds of violence they are alike forward, more than the rest of their 
 brethren. 
 
 r Shiloh is well known as a place; and before which, as well as before the 
 names of other places the sign of the 'dative is frequently understood; as, 
 1 Sam. iv. 4, and 1 Kings xiv. 2. But it is nowhere, besides this place, found 
 to be the name of a person.
 
 GENESIS. 
 
 49:13. for an haven 
 14. two burdens : 
 24. is the shepherd, 
 
 >jat the haven 
 water troughs 
 rjis he the shepherd 
 
 EXODUS. 
 
 1 :21. that he made them houses. 
 
 22. And Pharaoh charged 
 2 : 6. the babe wept. 
 8. the maid 
 10. 1 drew him 
 
 3:14.1 AM THAT I AM: &c. 
 I AM 
 
 22. borrow (and so xi. 2) 
 4:26. 
 5:16. 
 
 So he let him go : 
 
 because of the circumcision. 
 
 but the fault is in thine own 
 
 people. 
 
 1 9. after it was said, 
 7: 13. he hardened Pharaoh's heart, 
 8: 9. when shall I intreat 
 9 : 8. of the furnace, (and so verse 10, 
 and xix. 18) 
 
 15. now I will stretch, &c. that I 
 
 may smite, &c. and thou 
 shalt be 
 
 16. And, &c. have I raised thee 
 
 up, 
 10: 21. even darkness which may be 
 
 felt. 
 12: 9. raw, 
 
 35. they borrowed 
 
 36. lent unto them 
 
 13: 17. although that was near 
 
 and he made them houses 3 
 Therefore Pharaoh charged 
 a weeping boy 
 the young woman 
 rjthou drewest him b 
 I WILL BE WHAT I 
 WILL BE: &c. I WILL 
 BE 
 
 ask (i. e.) demand (or) re- 
 quest 
 rjWhen it let him go 
 
 but for circumcision only A 
 jand as if thy people had 
 
 sinned 6 
 
 r)when they had to say 
 Pharaoh's heart was hardened 
 for what time shall I intreat 
 of the oven, or lime-kiln 
 
 now I could have stretched 
 
 &c. and smitten, &c. and 
 
 thou wouldst have been 
 
 But, &c. have I made thee 
 
 stand (i. e.) preserved thee 
 
 r/and one shall grope in the 
 
 darkness 
 half done 
 
 rjthey asked, demanded, or re- 
 quested 
 rjmade them (i. e. encouraged 
 
 them to) ask 
 ijbecause it was near f 
 
 a In consequence of the midwives fearing God, the households of the nation 
 increased, 
 
 b Abarbanel thinks the mother of Moses said so to Pharaoh's daughter ; 
 since the name, Mosheh, is not of Egyptian, but of Hebrew origin. 
 
 c The danger which threatened his life. 
 
 d It cost no more blood than that of circumcision. 
 
 e They are treated like criminals. 
 
 f As the shortness of distance would tempt them to return.
 
 EXODUS. 
 
 14: 3. the wilderness hath shut them 
 in. 
 
 24. and troubled 
 15 : 2. prepare him an habitation ; 
 
 17: 14. in a book, 
 
 19:19. And when the voice of the 
 
 trumpet sounded long, and 
 
 waxed 
 20 : 24. where I record 
 
 21 : 8. who hath betrothed her to him- 
 self, 
 
 16. or if he be found in his hand, 
 23. thou shalt give 
 29. also shall be 
 22:16. a maid 
 
 23: 5. and wouldest forbear to help 
 him, 
 
 11. and lie still; 
 27. will destroy 
 
 24:10. a paved work of a sapphire 
 
 stone, 
 
 25:29. and bowls (and so xxxvii. 16) 
 31. his shaft, and his branches, 
 
 (and so xxxvii. 17) 
 26: 5. may take hold one of another. 
 
 12. the remnant 
 
 36. an hanging (and so verse 37) 
 28 : 32. there shall be an hole in the 
 top of it, in the midst thereof: 
 29:30. when he cometh into 
 
 36. for atonement: 
 
 31: 10. of service, 
 32: 1. unto Aaron, 
 4. fashioned it 
 tool, 
 
 with a graving 
 
 tjhe (the Baal-zephon) hath 
 shut the wilderness upon 
 them 
 
 and confounded 
 rj beautify him (i. e.) speak his 
 
 praises 
 in the book 
 
 And the voice of the trumpet 
 waxed 
 
 where I cause to make men- 
 tion 
 rjto whom he (the father) has 
 
 appointed her 
 
 rjand he was found in his hand g 
 jjthou shouldst give 
 tjalso should be h 
 
 a virgin 
 rjthen forbear to leave it to 
 
 him alone 
 and leave it 
 will confound 
 
 Tjas the work of the whiteness 
 (i. e.) clearness of sapphire 
 and cleansers 1 
 his foot and his shaft 
 
 shall be opposite one another 
 the down-hanging (i. e.) the 
 
 redundancy 
 a covering 
 the opening of its top shall be 
 
 inward (i. e.) hemmed 
 even he who will come into 
 besides the atonement (i. e. 
 
 the rams) 
 
 of covering (or) packing 
 against Aaron 
 rjtied it up in a purse (see 
 
 Lex. 
 
 s He was in his power previous to his selling him. According to the Tal- 
 mud he was not put to death unless he had both stolen him, and parted with 
 him by selling. 
 
 h He ought to die ; yet his life may be ransomed : so most commentators. 
 Since it cannot accord with divine justice to put a person to death for a murder 
 he did not intend to commit ; life for life, eye for eye, therefore must mean, 
 pay the value. 
 
 1 These were made in the form of reeds, split into halves, and which were 
 put between the rows of the shew-bread to keep them airy.
 
 EXODUS. 
 
 32:14. he thought 
 
 / | 25. were naked ; for Aaron had 
 made them naked 
 
 33: 5. 1 will come up into the midst 
 of thee in a moment, and 
 consume thee: 
 that I may know 
 6. by the mount 
 
 19. 1 will be gracious, &c. and I 
 
 will shew 
 34: 2. present thyself there to me 
 
 9. for it is, &c. and pardon 
 12. whither thou goest, 
 21. earing time 
 33. And till Moses had done 
 35:22. bracelets, &c. tablets, 
 36 : 8. that wrought the work of the ta- 
 bernacle made ten curtains 
 12. held one curtain to another. 
 
 he spake 
 
 were loose (i. e. disordered), 
 
 for Aaron had disordered 
 
 them 
 should I come up in the midst 
 
 of thee one moment, then 
 
 I would consume thee 
 and I shall know 
 from the time they were at the 
 
 mount 
 rjfww I am gracious, &c. and 
 
 how 1 shew 
 stand there for me (i. e.) await 
 
 me 
 
 though it is, &c. yet pardon 
 against which thou goest 
 ploughing time 
 And when Moses had done 
 (lit.) a hook, &c. a compressor k 
 that wrought the work, made 
 
 the dwelling of ten curtains 
 were opposite to one another 
 
 LEVITICUS. 
 
 1 : 3. of his own voluntary will at 
 the door, &c., before the 
 Lord. 
 
 2: 13. of the covenant 
 4 : 3. according to the sin of the 
 people ; 
 
 1 4. for the sin, 
 
 35. according to the offerings 
 
 6 : 9. It is the burnt-offering, because 
 
 of the burning 
 10. which the fire hath consumed 
 
 with thfe 
 16. with unleavened, Verse 17, 
 
 with leaven. 
 
 at the door, &c. that it may 
 be acceptable before the 
 Lord (Com p. verse 4, and 
 xxii. 20, 21). 
 qas a covenant 
 
 to the sin of the people* 
 
 rjfor a sin-offering 
 
 together with the (other) of- 
 ferings (and so v. 12). 
 
 that burnt-offering shall lie 
 upon the fire place 
 
 wherein the fire has con- 
 sumed the 
 
 unleavened, Verse 17, lea- 
 vened. 
 
 k The former is thought to mean an ear-ring ; or, according to some, a 
 clasp to fasten the shirt with ; and the latter was an ornament to compress 
 some part of the body. 
 
 a The sinning of the high-priest, who is the head of the people, brings sin 
 upon all of them, as they are depending on him to make atonement for them.
 
 LEVITICUS. 
 
 7:10. and dry, 
 
 ] 3. Besides the cakes, he shall offer 
 for his offering leavened 
 bread 
 
 14. one out of the whole 
 30. with the breast, 
 
 8 : 33. out of the door 
 10: 6. Uncover not your heads, 
 1 1 : 34. such water 
 13: 2. and it be in the skin of his 
 
 flesh like the plague 
 10. if the rising be white, &c., and 
 
 there be 
 19. somewhat reddish, 
 
 23. a burning 
 
 24. and the quick flesh thatburneth 
 
 have 
 45. his head bare, 
 
 upon his upper lip, 
 49. greenish or reddish 
 
 57. a spreading plague: 
 14: 4. birds alive 
 16: 1. when they offered 
 8. for the scapegoat. 
 
 21. a fit man 
 
 33. the holy sanctuary, 
 17: 5. sacrifices, which they offer 
 
 7. unto devils, 
 18:20. thy neighbour's 
 
 or dry 
 
 besides the cakes of leaven 
 bread, shall he offer this his 
 offering 
 
 one of every 
 
 laid upon the breast. (Comp. 
 ix. 20.) 
 
 from the door 
 
 Disorder not your heads b 
 
 some water 
 
 and it might become in the 
 
 skin of his flesh a plague 
 TJ there be a white rising, &c. 
 or there be 
 
 and very red (and so ver. 24.) 
 rjthe scar of a (and so verses 
 
 28, 42, 43.) 
 
 i) and the recovery of the burn- 
 ing shall become 
 
 his head disordered. (Comp. 
 
 x. 6.) 
 tj as far as over his upper lip 
 
 very green or very red (and so 
 verses 14 and 37) 
 
 a breaking out 
 7) lively (i.e. healthy) birds 
 
 when they approached d 
 
 for Azazel (and so verses 10 
 and 26) e 
 
 an opportune (i. e. an ap- 
 pointed) man 
 
 the holy of holies 
 TJ slaughterings which they 
 slaughter f 
 
 unto he-goats ? 
 
 thy fellow's 
 
 b Like those in mourning who disordered the hair of their heads. 
 
 c Partly white, and partly very red spots. 
 
 d When they entered into the holy of holies. 
 
 e The Hebrew term bfSTS Azazayl, most commentators suppose to be a 
 compound of T*37 and bN meaning, a rough desert, or mountain. 
 
 f This is a prohibition not to slaughter any animal whilst in the wilderness, 
 except as a peace-offering before the door of the tabernacle, lest they should 
 degenerate and follow the Egyptians, who never killed an animal to eat the 
 flesh thereof, unless as a sacrifice to their idols (as verse 7) ; when they did put 
 the blood of their victim into a pit, near which they ate their meals ; believing 
 themselves, while there, in the presence of the devils, by whose aid they could 
 foretel future events. 
 
 g A monster in the form of a he-goat, worshipped in Egypt.
 
 8 
 
 LEVITICUS. 
 
 19 : 5. at your own will. 
 
 12. neither shalt thou profane 
 
 16. against the blood of thy neigh- 
 bour: 
 
 20. be scourged ; 
 
 26. not eat any thing with the 
 
 blood : 
 20:21. it is an unclean thing: 
 
 25. separated from you as unclean. 
 
 21:10. 
 22:21. 
 
 24. 
 
 uncover 
 
 to accomplish his vow, 
 
 make any offering thereof in 
 
 your land. 
 23: 16. the seventh sabbath 
 26:30. images, 
 
 41 . accept of the punishment of 
 43. enjoy, &c., accept of the punish- 
 ment of 
 27:29. devoted, 
 
 that it may be accepted of 
 you. ( Comp. verse 7. And 
 soxxii. 20. 21.) 
 for then thou wilt profane 
 jjby the blood of thy fellow 11 
 
 (lit.) there shall be an inquiry 
 not eat by the blood. (Comp. 
 
 xvii. 5. note.) 
 she is considered as a separated 
 
 one 
 made a distinction unto you 
 
 as defiling 
 
 let grow wild. (Comp. x. 6.) 
 by making an extraordinary 
 
 vow 
 make such in the land ' 
 
 rjthe seventh week 
 sun-images 
 
 make a conciliation for 
 conciliate, &c., conciliate 
 
 excommunicated, 
 under Din-) 
 
 (See Lex. 
 
 NUMBERS. 
 
 1 : 16. renowned 
 4: 7. the bowls, 
 
 5 : 13. neither she be taken with the 
 
 manner ; 
 18. and uncover 
 6 : 3. any liquor of grapes, 
 
 5. let the locks of the hair of his 
 
 head grow. 
 
 9: 21. And so it was, &c., and that 
 the cloud, &c. : whether it 
 was by day or by night that 
 the cloud, 8cc. 
 
 11: 8. baked it in pans, and made 
 18. Sanctify yourselves 
 
 called of (i. e.) members who 
 are invited to the council 
 
 the cleansers. (See Exod. 
 xxv. 29.) 
 she was not forced 
 
 and disorder the hair of 
 
 any solution of grapes (i. e.) 
 wherein grapes were solved 
 
 let the hair of his head grow 
 wild. 
 
 And sometimes it was, &c., 
 when the cloud, &c. ; or by 
 day and night, (i. e.) it 
 abode during a day and 
 night, when the cloud, &c. 
 
 boiled it in pots, or made 
 
 Get yourselves ready 
 
 h Not to stand by unconcerned, when the life of your fellow is in danger. 
 1 A prohibition of maiming an animal by castration.
 
 NUMBERS. 
 
 11 25. and did not cease. 
 14:21 . all the earth shall be filled 
 25. (Now the Amalekites, &c., 
 
 dwelt in the valley.) 
 88. which were of the men, &c., 
 lived still. 
 
 15: 3. in performing a vow, (and 
 
 so verse 8) 
 25. shall bring their offering, 
 
 19:12. on the third day, and on the 
 seventh day he shall be clean : 
 but if he purify not himself 
 the third day, then the 
 seventh day he shall not 
 be clean. 
 
 21 : 14. What he did in the Red sea, 
 and in the brooks of Arnon, 
 
 29. hath given his spns that es- 
 
 caped, 
 
 30. We have shot at them ; Hesh- 
 
 bon is perished 
 
 22: 7. the rewards of 
 
 41. that hence he might see 
 24 : 3 & 4. Baalam, &c. hath said, 
 
 6. As the valleys 
 
 7. He shall pour the water 
 14. 1 will advertise thee what 
 
 17. 1 shall see, &c., I shall behold 
 - all the children of Sheth. 
 
 22. Nevertheless the Kenites shall 
 be wasted until Asshur shall 
 carry thee 
 
 30: 1. concerning the children of 
 
 Israel, 
 
 32: 7. discourage (and so verse 9) 
 38. and gave other names 
 
 rjbut did not continue* 
 
 and all the earth is filled 
 
 Now the Amalekites, &c. dwell 
 in the valley. b 
 
 alone lived still of all the men 
 that went to search the 
 land 
 
 in making an extraordinary 
 vow 
 
 have brought their offering 
 
 on the third day and on the 
 seventh day, then he shall 
 be clean: but if he purify 
 not himself on the third 
 day and on the seventh day, 
 then he shall not be clean. 
 
 Vaheb at Supha, and Arnon 
 with the brooks 
 
 hath suffered his sons to be- 
 come fugitive?, 
 
 tjAnd their prosperity (i.e.) 
 dominion is perished from 
 Heshbon 
 qthe instruments of 
 
 and he saw from thence 
 
 the affirmation of Baalam, &c. 
 n As the brooks 
 
 The water shall flow 
 
 I will advise thee respecting 
 what. (Comp. xxxi. 16.) 
 
 )I see, &c. I behold 
 ( rjall the strong buildings d . 
 \ ijall the tumultuous multitudes 6 
 For even when the Kenites 
 will be cleared (i.e.) driven 
 away, where to '? (i. e.) how 
 far will Assur carry thee ? 
 
 of the children of Israel 
 
 withdraw 
 
 and called them by their 
 former names/ 
 
 a They prophesied no more after that. 
 
 b This being an intimidation, and a reason for the following injunction. 
 
 c This and the following, until verse 2 1 , contain a sort of hint quoted from 
 what was recorded in the book Jashar, then known to all. 
 
 d Literally, buildings of foundation "OH stands for ^au ; thus Mendelssohn. 
 
 e HIP for nS2? ; compare Jer. xlviii. 45. 
 
 f Nebo and Baal Meon were names given by the Emorites, after the names 
 of their idols ; but which names were now changed again.
 
 10 
 
 DEUTERONOMY. 
 
 3:14. after his own name, Bashan- 
 havoth-jair 
 
 23. And I Besought 
 4: 19. shouldest be driven 
 
 34. hath God 
 
 11:30. by the way where the sun 
 goeth down, 
 
 12: 11. there shall be a place 
 14: 24. or if the place be too far 
 15 : 4. Save when there shall be no 
 
 16: 2. the passover 
 
 20:19. (for the tree of the field is 
 
 man's life) to employ them 
 
 in the siege : 
 
 21 : 14. not make merchandise of her, 
 23. is accursed of God; 
 
 23: 2. A bastard 
 
 24: 7. maketh merchandise of him, 
 
 25 : 9. in his face, 
 
 28 : 20. cursing, vexation, 
 25. be removed into 
 43. very high, &c. ; very low. 
 
 29 : 23. is brimstone, and salt, and 
 
 burning, 
 32: 2. as the small rain 
 
 3. Because I will publish 
 
 5. They have corrupted them- 
 selves, their spot is not the 
 spot of his children : 
 
 namely, the whole of Bashan 
 after his own name, Ha- 
 voth-jair, 
 
 And I then had besought 
 . shouldest be pushed from the 
 
 right way (i.e.) led astray 
 hath a (or any) God 
 hindermost (i.e.) far off; the 
 way where the sun goeth 
 down 
 
 it shall be that place 
 as the place may be too far 
 Nevertheless there should not 
 
 be a 
 
 on the feast of passover b 
 for is the tree of the field like 
 man ? to come into strait- 
 ness before thee (i.e.) in 
 thy presence 
 not restrain her as a slave 
 is the reviling of God d 
 (lit.) an estranged one 6 
 restrain him as a slave 
 in his presence 
 soreness, consternation 
 be an object of terror to 
 higher and higher, &c., lower 
 
 and lower 
 is burned into brimstone and 
 
 salt 
 
 as violent showers 
 When I call out (i.e.) when 
 
 I make mention 
 Is their spot a corruption 
 to him ? No ; it is that of 
 his children. (Comp. Job 
 xxxv. 6.) f 
 
 a This being connected with verse 7, compare 11. 
 
 b Herd being mentioned here as well as flock, the passover could not be 
 brought of the former. 
 
 c Should it be injured to no purpose ? 
 
 d One who is made in his own image, to be thus exposed. 
 
 e One who is excluded from the family, having been born of parents who 
 are by law forbidden to marry. 
 
 f Thus rendered by most commentators, by reason of the pause- accent be- 
 longing to the negative; and as to the sign of interrogation, such may be 
 omitted. Compare Gen. iv. 13, note d .
 
 DEUTERONOMY. 
 
 11 
 
 32 : 1 0. He found him, &c., he in- 
 structed him, 
 
 27. behave themselves strangely, 
 35. their foot shall slide in due 
 
 time : 
 40. 1 live 
 
 42. from the beginning of revenges 
 
 upon the enemy. 
 
 43. will be merciful unto 
 88 : 3. he loved the people ; 
 
 16. that dwelt 
 
 17. His glory is like the firstling of 
 
 his bullock, 
 
 21. in a portion of the lawgiver, 
 was he seated; and he came 
 with the heads 
 
 24. Let Asher be blessed with 
 
 children ; 
 
 25. Thy shoes 
 
 so shall thy strength be. 
 
 26. like unto the God of Jeshunm, 
 
 27. The eternal God is thy refuge, 
 
 and underneath are the ever- 
 lasting arms: 
 
 TjHe found for him (i.e.) he 
 gave him his wants suf- 
 ficiently, &c.j he regarded 
 him 
 
 mistake . . . 
 
 at the time when their foot 
 
 will slide 
 
 TJ as I, live I (Comp. Gen. xlii. 
 15. by the life of Pharaoh) 
 Tjof the wild (overgrown) head 
 of the enemy g 
 
 will forgive 
 
 Tjhe obliged (i.e.) brought the 
 people under obligation 
 
 that dwelt unto me (i. e.) ap- 
 peared to me 
 
 The firstling of his bullock is 
 
 majestic h 
 
 Tjthe portion of the lawgiver 
 (his grave) is hidden ; and 
 he came at the heads 
 
 Asher will be blessed by sons 
 (i.e.) by his brethren 
 
 thy bolts (i.e.) the border- 
 ing mountains 
 
 so shall be thine old age 
 
 like unto God, O Jeshurun ! 
 
 The habitation of the eternal 
 God, and on the eternal 
 arms of the lower world i 
 
 JOSHUA. 
 
 2: 1. to spy secretly, saying, 
 an harlot's 
 
 15. upon the town wall, &c. upon 
 
 the wall. 
 3: 5. Sanctify yourselves: 
 
 13; from the waters 
 5 : 1 . we were passed 
 
 11. the old corn 
 7:13. sanctify 
 
 as spies ; secretly saying* 
 TJ a victualler (i.e.) a publican 
 (and so vi. 17. 22. 25.) 
 
 on the side of the wall, &c., 
 
 on (or) in the wall 
 TJ prepare yourselves 
 
 even the waters 
 Tjthey were passed 
 
 the produce (and so ver. 12) 
 
 prepare 
 
 g This is connected with the preceding, and my sword shall devour flesh. 
 h Supposed to refer to Joshua. 
 
 1 Connected with the preceding, he rides on the sky, i. e. the habitation, &c. 
 3 They were sent as spies, unknown to their nation ; in order not to dis- 
 courage them by it.
 
 12 
 
 JOSHUA. 
 
 7 : 25. after they had stoned them 
 8 : 33. had commanded before, that 
 
 they should bless 
 9 : 5. and mouldy. 
 12:23. of the nations of 
 
 13 : 4. and Mearah that is beside 
 14: 4. therefore they gave 
 15:46. even unto the sea, 
 16: 1. throughout mount Beth-el 
 18: 14. the corner of the sea 
 15. on the west, 
 
 19:33. from Allon to Zaanannim, 
 
 47. went out too little for them: 
 21 : 36. And out of the tribe of Reuben 
 22: 11. at the passage 
 24: 2. of the flood 
 
 8. that ye might possess 
 
 and stoned them 1 ' 
 
 had commanded, that they 
 
 first should bless 
 TJ like biscuits (and so ver. 12.) 
 TJ of Gouyim in. (Comp. Judg. 
 
 iv. 2.) 
 TJ and the cave which belonged to 
 
 and they gave 
 TJ and westward 
 
 on the mountain, to Beth-el 
 Tjthe side of the west 
 TJ towards the sea (i. e. the salt 
 
 sea) 
 from Allon (or the oak) at 
 
 Zaanannim 
 went away from them c 
 
 d 
 
 at the side 
 
 of the river (and so verses 
 
 3. 14. 15.) 
 and ye took in possession 
 
 JUDGES. 
 
 ] 1: 15. a blessing: 
 3 : 20. parlour, 
 
 22. so that he could not 
 4: 2. of the Gentiles. 
 
 1 1 . father in law 
 
 24. prospered, andprevailedagainst 
 
 5: 2. Praise ye the Lord for the 
 avenging of Israel, when 
 the people willingly offered 
 themselves. 
 
 pool of water 
 
 for 
 
 upper chamber (and so verses 
 
 23. 24. 25.) 
 Tjfor he did not 
 
 TJ of the Gouyim (and so verses 
 
 13. 16. and as Josh. xii. 23.) 
 
 TJ brother-in-law. (Comp. Ex. 
 
 ii. 18. 21. & Numb. x. 29.) 
 
 (lit.) became harder and 
 
 harder upon 
 
 When there is disorder in 
 Israel, and the people, after- 
 wards willingly offer them- 
 selves, then praise ye the 
 Lord 
 
 b His cattle as well as himself they stoned, and his other property they 
 burned. 
 
 c From the above places ; their lot having been intersected, a portion of it 
 reached to another part. Leshem is probably the Laish mentioned in Judg. 
 xviii. 27. 
 
 d This and the following verse not being found in the Hebrew, must there- 
 fore have been taken from 1 Chron. vi. 78, 79.
 
 JUDGES. 
 
 13 
 
 5:11. They that are delivered from 
 the noise of archers in the 
 places 
 
 23. the angel 
 
 against the mighty. 
 
 30. meet for the necks of them 
 
 that take the spoil ? 
 6:13. my Lord, 
 
 31. whilst it is yet morning: 
 
 7: 1. of Moreh, in the valley. 
 8. the people took victuals 
 8:18. each one resembled 
 
 26. ornaments, 
 
 9 : 53. and all to brake his skull. 
 11:31. and I will offer it 
 12: 4. Ye Gileadites are fugitives of 
 Ephraim among the Eph- 
 raimites, and among the Ma- 
 nassites. 
 
 15:7. Though you have done this, yet 
 will I be avenged of you, 
 and after that 
 8. top 
 16: 1. an harlot, 
 
 2. In the morning, &c. we shall 
 
 kill him, 
 
 3. and went away with 
 18: 2. from their coasts, 
 
 From the noise of them who 
 divide in the places 3 
 
 Tjthe messenger 
 
 n among the heros 
 
 TJ which are on the necks of the 
 
 spoil (i. e.) the captives ? 
 my lord (and so verse 15) b 
 wait until the morning (comp. 
 
 xvi. 2.) 
 TJ which sheweth (i.e.) where one 
 
 looketh into the valley 
 they took the victuals of the 
 
 people c 
 one in appearance (i.e.) all 
 
 resembling each other 
 half moons 
 
 and she broke his skull 
 tj or I will offer it d 
 jye are fugitives of Ephraim 
 (Gilead was divided among 
 Ephraim and among Ma- 
 nasseh) 6 
 
 rjif ye do the like, except I 
 have avenged of you, and 
 then 
 
 cleft (and so verse 11) 
 ija victualler, a publican 
 by the morning, &c. we shall 
 
 have killed him 
 and took out (and so ver. 14) 
 some of them 
 
 a The joyful noise of the herdsmen, who now may divide their droves, which 
 they formerly were obliged to keep together from fear of the enemy. 
 
 b It is clear from verse 22, that he, until the departure of the messenger, 
 had no thought of its being an angel who spoke to him. 
 
 c Of them that returned (the sign of regimen is here understood, as it is 
 also in many other instances). 
 
 d The vow was, that the first that will meet him, if a human being, such 
 shall be devoted to the service of God ; and if a beast, it s.hall be brought as 
 a sacrifice. See Lexicon, under D~in. 
 
 e As it appears in 2 Sam. xviii. 6, that in the east of the Jordan, in the land 
 of Gilead, was a place called the Wood of Ephraim, where the Ephraimites 
 probably kept their cattle, and had also houses. Hence Gilead was divided 
 between Ephraim and Manasseh; and as the war was only with the Ephraimites, 
 who came over from the West, and who endeavoured to escape and return, 
 they were therefore charged with being the fugitives of Ephraim, in distinction 
 from those who lived on the other side, and did not join in the rebellion.
 
 14 
 
 JUDGES. 
 
 18: 7. no magistrate in the land, that 
 might put them to shame in 
 any thing; 
 
 20 : 42. which came out of the cities 
 
 (lit.} no one in the land, that 
 might put them to shame, 
 not even a heir of restraint 
 (i.e. ) a successor to the cro wn 
 
 of the cities (i.e.) they that 
 made war in the cities 
 
 RUTH. 
 
 2: 1. a mighty man of wealth, 
 
 3:16. Who art thou, 
 4 : 7, 8. his shoe, 
 
 a mighty man of virtue (or) 
 
 of valour 
 
 T/How is it with thee? 
 rjhis glove (thus Targum) 
 
 I SAMUEL. 
 
 2 : 3. a God of knowledge, 
 
 13. the priest's servant 
 
 14. for himself. 
 1 7. abhorred 
 
 24. 1 hear: ye make the Lord's 
 
 people to transgress. 
 25. who shall intreat for him ? 
 
 29. of Israel my people ? 
 
 2 : 33. And the man of thine, whom I 
 shall not cut off from mine 
 altar, shall be to consume 
 thine eyes, 
 
 36. a morsel of bread, 
 3: 1. there was no open vision. 
 
 13. which he knoweth ; because 
 4: 4. that they might bring 
 5: 9. destruction (and so verse 11) 
 7: Lin the hill, 
 
 2. lamented 
 
 9 : 20. And on whom is all the desire 
 of Israel? Is it not on thee, 
 and on 
 
 Tja God of thoughts 
 
 rjthe young priest (and so ver. 
 
 , 13 ) 
 with it (or) of it 
 
 despised (or) caused to despise 
 I hear, which the Lord's people 
 
 are proclaiming 
 jjwho Shall set himself up a 
 
 judge to him 
 of Israel, before (i. e.) in the 
 
 presence of my people 
 yet every man I will not cut 
 
 off to thee from mine altar ; 
 
 that thine eyes may be 
 
 consumed 
 a loaf of bread 
 vision did not spread 8 
 which he knew that 
 and they carried 
 consternation 
 qin Gibeah b 
 TJ walked (or) assembled 
 And whose are all desirable 
 
 things of Israel? are they 
 
 not thine and that of 
 
 a Previous to Samuel's initiating some of his disciples, so as to fit them by 
 their holy lives to receive revelation, the will of God was revealed in a very 
 limited measure, 
 
 b Probably Gibeah of Benjamin near Kirjath-jearim. Compare Josh, xviii. 
 23, and 1 Sam. xiv. 16 & 18.
 
 1 SAMUEL. 
 
 15 
 
 10: 12. But who is their father ? 
 22. if the man should yet come 
 
 12:14. If ye will fear the Lord, &c. 
 
 then shall both ye 
 13: 1. Saul reigned one year; 
 
 3. the garrison (and so verse 4) 
 7. followed him trembling. 
 14:32. with the blood, (and so verses 
 
 33, 34) 
 2. how he laid wait for him 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 12. a place, 
 
 17. When thou wast little in thine 
 
 own sight, wast thou not 
 
 made the head, &c. 
 35. nevertheless Samuel mourned 
 4. trembled at his coming, and 
 
 said,Comest thou peaceably? 
 ; 2. by the valley 
 12. went among men for an old 
 
 man 
 
 20. and took, 
 29. Is there not a cause ? 
 6. and with instruments of musick. 
 10. and he prophesied 
 
 19: 1. that they should kill David. 
 
 2. until the morning, 
 13. a pillow of goats' hair (and so 
 verse 16) for his bolster, 
 
 20 : 1 2. about to-morrow any time, or 
 the third day, 
 
 14. And thou shalt not only while 
 yet I live shew me the kind- 
 ness of the Lord, that I die 
 not: 
 
 And who is their father? 
 whether another man has 
 
 come 
 If ye would fear the Lord, &c., 
 
 and would both ye 
 TjSaul had then reigned one 
 
 year d 
 
 the overseer 
 hastened after him 
 by the blood. (Comp. Lev. 
 
 1926.) 
 
 (lit.) what he did to him 
 (lit.) a hand (i.e.) a monu- 
 ment (probably in the shape 
 
 of a hand) 
 though thou art little in thine 
 
 own sight, still art thou not 
 
 the head ? &c. 
 for Samuel mourned 
 hastened to meet him, and 
 
 said, Thy coming be in peace 
 in the valley 
 was old, he came among men 
 
 and lifted up his feet 
 r)it is only a word; 
 
 and with triangles 
 7j and he pretended to prophesy 
 
 (i. e.) he prattled 
 j that he intended to kill David 
 
 in the morning 
 
 the net- work of goats' hair 6 
 (or according to Targ.) a 
 bottle of goats' hair at his f 
 head 
 
 about this time to-morrow 
 the third, (i. e.) a day after 
 to-morrow 
 
 And not do I fear while yet I 
 live, that thou wilt not do 
 with me kindness of the 
 Lord, and that I die not 
 
 c Are their fathers prophets ? Prophecy is not inherited from father to son. 
 
 d When his reign was renewed, one year had akeady elapsed since he first 
 was anointed. 
 
 e Probably such as is used in the East to keep out the flies. 
 
 f A bottle made of goat's-skin with the hair outside ; and which served to 
 resemble the hair of David's head.
 
 16 
 
 1 SAMUEL. 
 
 20:19. And when thou hast stayed 
 three days, then thou shall 
 go down quickly, and come 
 21. take them; then come thou: 
 21 : 1 . was afraid at the meeting of 
 
 David, 
 2. to such and such a place. 
 
 5. are holy, and the bread is in 
 a manner common, yea, 
 though it were sanctified 
 this day in the vessel. 
 24: 7. stayed his servants 
 
 13. proverb of the ancients, 
 25: 6. thus shall ye say to him that 
 liveth 
 
 8. cometh to thine hand 
 26: 7. at his bolster: 
 
 10. or his day 
 27 : 10. made a road 
 28:23. compelled him ; 
 30: 2. slew not any, 
 31 : 3. hit him ; and he was sore 
 wounded 
 
 And repeat three days, and 
 go down very much, (i. e.) 
 hide thyself well, even come 
 
 then thou take them and come 
 ?j hastened to meet David 
 
 (lit.) to a secret unnamed 
 
 place 
 
 77 are pure, and if so in the com- 
 mon way, much more now ; 
 it will be kept pure in the 
 vessel 
 
 (lit.) disunited his servants 
 
 ancient proverb 
 
 ye shall say, Thus mayest thou 
 be to the time of life (i. e.) 
 in a year's time (or) thus 
 during life (i. e.) always 
 
 (lit.) thine hand finds (i. e.) 
 can afford 
 
 at his head (and so verses 11, 
 
 12, 16.) 
 TJ either his day 
 
 (lit.) spread, (i.e.) roved about 
 
 urged him 
 
 slew not even any man 
 
 reached, (i. e.) overtook him ; 
 and he was sore afraid 
 
 2 SAMUEL. 
 
 1 : 9. anguish is come upon me, be- 
 cause 
 
 3: 8. Am I a dog's head, which 
 against Judah do shew kind- 
 ness, &c. ? 
 12. Whose is the land? saying also, 
 
 22. from pursuing a troop, 
 33. as a fool 
 4: 5. who lay on a bed at noon. 
 
 6 : 1 9. a good piece of flesh, 
 
 21. will I play before the Lord. 
 
 rj convulsion has already seized 
 
 me, although 
 
 Am I a leader of a dog be- 
 longing to Judah ? I shew 
 kindness, &c. 
 it be said to him the land 
 
 belongs to 
 from the troop a 
 77 as a villain 
 who was resting the noon's 
 
 rest 
 
 rj roasted beef 
 I did rejoice before that God 
 
 The troop they went out with against the enemy.
 
 -2 SAMUEL. 
 
 17 
 
 6 : 22. And I will yet be more vile 
 than thus, and will be base 
 in mine own sight: 
 
 7:10.1 will appoint, &c., and will 
 plant, &c. and move no more ; 
 
 23. from the nations and 
 
 8 : 6. garrisons 
 11: 8. a mess of meat 
 12: 18. how will he then vex himself 
 if we tell him that the child 
 is dead? 
 13: 12. folly, (verse 13) fools 
 
 16. there is no cause: this evil 
 39. longed to go forth 
 14:13. for the king doth speak this 
 thing as one which is faulty 
 
 14. yet doth he devise means that 
 
 his banished be not expelled 
 from him 
 
 15. of this thing 
 
 20. To fetch about this form of 
 
 speech 
 
 15 : 19. return to thy place, and abide, 
 &c., and also an exile. 
 
 27. Art not thou a seer ? 
 16:21. then shall the hands of all that 
 are with thee be strong. 
 
 17:23. hanged himself, 
 
 18: 3. but now thou art worth ten 
 
 thousand of us : 
 9. oak (and so verses 10, 14) 
 22. thou hast no tidings ready ? 
 
 19:24. his beard, 
 
 25. when he was come to 
 
 26. arid go to the king ; 
 
 And had I esteemed myself 
 
 more light than that, and 
 
 had been low in mine own 
 
 sight 
 I have appointed, &c., and 
 
 have planted, &c., and no 
 
 more be disquieted 
 to drive out nations and (as in 
 
 1 Chron. xvii. 23.) 
 overseers 
 a gift 
 how can we tell him that the 
 
 child is dead ? he will do a 
 
 hurt to himself 
 wickedness (verse 13) wicked 
 concerning this evil b 
 rj ceased to go forth 
 and since the king spoke, (i.e.) 
 
 decided thus, then this 
 
 matter would be sin-like 
 rjone ought therefore to devise 
 
 means, not to expel from 
 
 us him that is expelled 
 ?} in this manner 
 To turn the appearance of the 
 
 matter 
 return arid abide, &c., and 
 
 even shouldst thou be 
 
 driven away, then go to thy 
 
 place 
 
 seest thou ? 
 then they will strengthen the 
 
 hands of all that are with 
 
 thee 
 
 (lit.) was strangled (or) choked 
 (lit.) if now ten thousand like 
 
 us d 
 
 turpentine tree 
 rjthe tidings will produce to 
 
 thee nothing 
 his upper lip, (i. e.) the hair 
 
 thereon 
 
 rjwhen he was come from 
 and go with the king 
 
 b ^S may stand for ^>2- 
 
 c Until then David probably had endeavoured to seize and punish him, 
 
 d Were we even ten thousand, they would not care for us.
 
 18 
 
 2 SAMUEL. 
 
 1 9 : 43. that our advice should not be 
 first had in bringing back 
 our king ? 
 
 21 : 14. And the bones of Saul and 
 Jonathan his son buried they 
 
 22 : 4. 1 will call on the Lord, who is 
 worthy to be praised: 
 
 5. of ungodly men 
 
 6. prevented me ; 
 
 22:35. a bow of steel is broken by 
 
 mine arms. 
 
 46. and they shall be afraid 
 23 : 4. even a morning without clouds ; 
 
 as the tender grass springing 
 
 out of the earth by clear 
 
 shining after rain. 
 
 5. Although my house be not so 
 with God ; yet he hath, &c. 
 although he make it not to 
 grow. 
 
 1 1 . the Hararite. (and so verse S3) 
 18. three, (and so verses 19, 22) 
 24: 3. how many soever they be, 
 11. For when David was up 
 23. as a king, 
 
 were not our words the first 
 to bring back our king? 
 
 And they buried them with 
 the bones of Saul and 
 Jonathan his son 
 
 Praised ! will I call, be the 
 Lord 
 
 of Belial 6 
 
 (lit.) they came before me, 
 (i.e.) they surprised me 
 (and so verse 19.) 
 ijmine arms bent a bow of brass 
 (i. e.) stretched the bow 
 
 (lit.) and they shall shake 
 rja morning not cloudy, as when 
 after shining and after rain 
 the grass springs out of the 
 ground. (Comp. the follow- 
 ing verse) 
 
 For not thus is my house with 
 God ; for he hath, &c., that 
 he make not to grow f 
 
 r/the mountaineer 
 the three 
 
 as many, and as many again 
 And when David rose up 
 the king 8 
 
 1 KINGS. 
 
 1:45. in Gihon: 
 
 2:42. that I have heard is good. 
 4:19. and he was the only officer 
 which was in the land. 
 
 28. where the officers were, 
 
 31. the sons of Mahol: 
 5:11. pure oil: 
 
 at Gihon (a river) 
 
 is good ; I heard 
 jand besides one officer who 
 was in the land* 
 
 where it should be 
 ) the sons, (i.e.) men of Mahol 1 ' 
 
 (lit.} beaten (or) crushed oil 
 
 e This may mean the lower world, as well as the lowest of men. 
 
 f By this David probably meant, that no other dynasty might grow up ; and 
 that his house might not be like a cloudy morning which is succeeded by sun- 
 shine and rain, but that it should continue to rule without interruption. 
 
 g Araunah was the king of Zion, the people of which, though subdued, had 
 not been driven out. 
 
 a One who was over the officers; supposed to be Azariah (see verse 5). 
 
 b They were expert with the Mahol (the timbrel) ; but the name of their 
 father was not Mahol, as it appears from 1 Chron. ii. 6.
 
 1 KINGS. 
 
 6: l.Zif, 
 
 17. the temple before it, 
 
 20. the oracle in the fore-part 
 
 and so covered the altar which 
 was of cedar. 
 
 2 1 . and he made a partition 
 
 7 : 3. upon the beams, that lay on 
 forty-five pillars, fifteen in a 
 row. 
 
 5. windows: 
 
 6. of pillars; 
 
 50. snuffers, (and so 2 Kings 12 : 13) 
 8: 8. they drew out 
 
 35. when thou afflictest them: 
 9 : 25. So he finished 
 26. a navy of ships 
 
 10: 1. concerning the name 
 
 5. and his ascent by which he 
 
 went up unto 
 
 28. and linen yarn : the king's 
 merchants received the linen 
 yarn at a price. 
 
 12:10. shall be thicker 
 31. of the lowest of 
 
 13: 1. stood by the altar 
 
 2. shall he offer 
 29. the old prophet came to the 
 
 city, 
 14:14. that day : but what ? even now. 
 
 18:42. he cast himself down upon 
 43. look toward the sea, &c. and 
 he said, Go again seven 
 times. 
 
 Ziv (beauty) 
 rj the temple within d 
 r) the oracle within 
 
 and the altar he covered with 
 cedar 
 
 and he chained, (or) bolted 
 
 upon the ribs, (i. e. side rooms) 
 that were over the pillars, 
 forty-five (rooms), fifteen 
 in a row 
 
 j upper door post 
 Tjto the pillars, (i.e.) before 
 
 them 
 TJ musical instruments 
 
 they lengthened, (i. e.) they 
 made them too long 
 
 that thou mayest answer them 
 
 and completed the duties of 
 
 (lit.) a ship (and so verse 27. 
 
 andx. 11, 12.) 
 rj together with the fame 
 ?) and his burnt-offering which 
 he offered in 
 
 and a collection, (i.e.) a com- 
 pany of the king's mer- 
 chants received a collection 
 of horses in exchange 
 
 is thicker 
 
 of a part of, (i. e.) some of the 
 people e (and so xiii. 33. and 
 2 Kings xvii. 32.) 
 
 stood upon the altar 
 
 shall he slaughter 
 
 he came to the city of the old 
 prophet 
 
 this this day, and what also 
 now f 
 
 he bowed down to 
 7/look toward the west, &c., 
 and he said, Go again: 
 seven times he bade him do 
 it 
 
 c The second month of the Hebrew year was thus named, and answers to 
 May. 
 
 d The room within, exclusive of the wall (and so verse 20). 
 
 e Without distinction as to the tribe. 
 
 f Him that exists already, as well as him, who, from this time, may come 
 into existence.
 
 1 KINGS. 
 
 18: 44. out of the sea, 
 20:35. the sons of the prophets 
 38. with ashes 
 
 out of the west 
 the young prophets 8 
 7) with a veil h 
 
 2 KINGS. 
 
 2 : 3. from thy head 
 4 : 2. a pot of oil. 
 
 1 0. chamber, 
 5 : 4. And one went in, 
 
 17. shall there not, &c. be given 
 
 1 9. a little way. 
 
 26. went not mine heart with thee, 
 8: 15. a thick cloth, 
 
 9:31. had Zimri peace, 
 10:15. it is. If it be, 
 
 32. to cut Israel short : 
 11: 6. that it be not broken down. 
 
 1 2. and gave him the testimony ; 
 
 13. the noise of the guard and of 
 
 the people, 
 
 14. stood by a pillar, &c. and 
 
 cried : Treason, Treason. 
 
 15. without the ranges: 
 
 16. they laid hands on her; 
 14:26. very bitter: 
 
 15: 5. in a several house. 
 
 16: 18. from the house 
 
 17: 9. did secretly those things 
 
 19: 7. 1 will send a blast upon him, 
 
 from over thy head 
 Tioil wherewith I may be 
 
 anointed, (i. e.) a little oil 
 upper chamber (and so ver.l 1.) 
 and he (Naaman) went in 
 and z/*not; a then let, &c., be 
 
 given 
 a good way. (See Gen. xxxv. 
 
 16.) 
 
 Tjtnine heart was not gone b 
 rjthe network. (Comp. 1 Sam. 
 
 xix. 13.) 
 
 is it peace, Zimri ? c 
 j) it, is abundantly 
 t) to loathe Israel 
 tj j that there be no diversion d 
 Tjand the attire, (i. e.) the royal 
 
 robe 
 
 the noise of the people run- 
 ning. (So2Chron.xxiii. 12) 
 stood on the stage 6 (and so 
 xxiii. 3.) &c., and cried: 
 Conspiracy ! Conspiracy ! 
 by the way within the range f 
 they made room for her 
 very provoking, (i. e.) grievous 
 (lit.) in a house of freedom 8 
 inward of the house' 1 
 (lit.) they secreted words 
 I will put a mind in him 
 
 g And so generally throughout the scripture, the sons of the prophets, means, 
 their disciples. 
 
 h ISM may stand for -)Qy. So Targ. 
 
 a If thou wilt not accept of my offer. 
 
 b It was not concealed from me. 
 
 c She thus denominated him, as being a regicide like Zimri. 
 
 d Nothing shall divert the mind from watching the house. 
 
 e A pulpit whereon the kings usually were placed. 
 
 f So that she may not escape, or be rescued. 
 
 Where one is separated from all communications with the affairs of the 
 world . 
 
 h That it may be less exposed to the enemy.
 
 2 KINGS. 
 
 21 
 
 20: 18. eunuchs 
 
 22: 7. there was no reckoning made, 
 &c. because they dealt faith- 
 fully. 
 9. have gathered 
 
 23: 6. the brook (and so verse 12) 
 
 17. What title 
 
 18. So they let his bones alone, 
 
 with the bones of the prophet 
 24: 14. and smiths : (and so verse 16) 
 25 : 24. to be the servants 
 
 TJ chamberlains 
 
 there shall no reckoning be 
 made, &c., because they 
 deal faithfully 
 
 TJ poured out (as out of a chest) 
 the valley 
 what sign ? 
 So his bones caused to escape 
 
 the bones of the prophet 
 riand lock-smiths 
 of the servants 
 
 1 CHRONICLES. 
 
 4:41. the habitations 
 10: 3. hit him, and he was wounded 
 25 : J . prophesy 
 28 : 1 7. and the cups : 
 29 : 1 . whom alone 
 
 Tjthe Maonites (see Judg. x. 12.) 
 reached him, and he was afraid 
 
 rising hymns (and so verses 2. 3.) 
 and the covers 
 who is one, a 
 
 2 CHRONICLES. 
 
 1: 6. 
 16. 
 
 2:10. 
 
 4:2-2. 
 
 6:26. 
 27. 
 
 8. 2. 
 10:18. 
 21:11. 
 23:11. 
 
 25: 5 
 
 26:15 
 
 28:19 
 29: 8 
 
 30:22 
 31: 1 
 
 went up thitherto 
 
 and linen yarn: 
 
 beaten wheat, 
 
 snuffers, (v : 9) drew out 
 
 when thou dost afflict them ; 
 
 when thou hast taught them 
 
 had restored to Solomon, 
 
 to get him up 
 
 and compelled 
 
 the testimony, (verse 14.) forth 
 of the ranges : (verse 15) 
 they laid hands on her ; 
 
 made them captains &c. ac- 
 cording to the houses of their 
 fathers, 
 
 engines, 
 
 he made Judah naked, 
 
 he hath delivered them to 
 trouble, 
 
 throughout the feast 
 
 went out to the cities of Judah, 
 
 offered upon 
 (See 1 King x. 28.) 
 TJ wheat for food b 
 ( See 1 King vii. 50. and viii. 8. ) 
 that thou mayest answer them 
 that thou mayest teach them 
 had given to Solomon 
 to mount 
 and led astray 
 (See 2 Kings xi. 12, 15, 16.) 
 
 placed them according to the 
 nouses of their fathers, accord- 
 ing to the captains, &c. 
 inventions 
 
 he caused disorder in Judah 
 he made them an object of 
 
 terror 
 
 the sacrifice of the feast 
 in the cities of Judah, went 
 out 
 
 a Who is only a single person, and the work is almost too much for him. 
 b probably stands for H^DE as it is in 1 Kings v. 11.
 
 22 
 
 2 CHRONICLES. 
 
 33 : 1 1 . among the thorns, 
 
 14. in the valley, 
 34: 12. to set it forward; 
 
 17. gathered, (verse 31) stood in 
 
 his place, 
 36: 17. that stooped for age : 
 
 21. had enjoyed 
 
 rjwith clasps (linked together 
 
 i. e.) a chain 
 by the brook 
 to preside over 
 stood on his stage (see 2 Kings 
 
 xi. 14. and xxii. 9.) 
 that was very old 
 had conciliated 
 
 EZRA. 
 
 3: 8. to set forward 
 
 4: 7. the writing of the letter 
 
 22. fail not to do this : 
 
 to preside over (and so verse 9.) 
 an exact copy (and so verses 
 
 18,23.) 
 commit no error respecting 
 
 this 
 
 5: 7. a letter a warning 
 
 8: 17. to his brethren the Nethinims, r/to his brother who loth were 
 
 placed 
 
 9: 9. we were bondmen ; we are yet bondmen 
 
 10:15. were employed about withstood 
 
 NEHEMIAH. 
 
 2 : 15. by the brook, 
 
 5 : 8. or shall they be sold unto us ? 
 
 10. might exact of them 
 
 11. also the hundredth part of the 
 
 money, &c, that ye exact of 
 them. 
 6 : 9. O God, strengthen my hands. 
 
 11. to save his life ? 
 9 : 38. And because of all this we make 
 1 1 : 23. that a certain portion should 
 be for 
 
 jin the valley 
 
 will they also be sold unto us ? a 
 lend them 
 and leave the hundred silver 
 
 pieces (i. e.) the great sum 
 
 that ye lent them 
 and now .Sanballat, rather 
 
 strengthen thou my hands 
 and live ? b 
 
 and for all this, yet we make 
 and a sure ordinance (or) and 
 
 the confidence (of the king 
 
 placed in them) concerning 
 
 ESTHER. 
 1 : 6. silver rings 
 
 1 8. shall the ladies, &c. say this day 
 unto all the king's princes, 
 which have heard of the deed 
 of the queen. 
 
 silver-rollers 
 
 the ladies, &c. which have 
 heard of the deed (or) 
 saying of the queen; will 
 say this day to all the king's 
 princes 
 
 a Will they again suffer us to redeem them. 
 
 b Not having been a descendant of Aaron, he was not allowed to enter the 
 temple.
 
 ESTHER. 
 
 23 
 
 1 : 22. it should be published accord- 
 ing to the language of every 
 people. 
 
 3: 12. of every people of every pro- 
 vince 
 
 4:14. whether thou art come to the 
 kingdom for such a time as 
 this ? 
 
 6 : 8. useth to wear, &c. rideth upon, 
 and the crown royal which 
 is set upon his head ; 
 
 7 : 4. although the enemy could not 
 countervail the king's dam- 
 age. 
 7. stood up 
 
 8: 15. a garment 
 
 9 : 3. helped the Jews ; 
 
 he shall speak the language 
 of his people* 
 
 of every people ; every pro- 
 vince 
 
 whether not for a time like 
 this thou hast come to the 
 royal dignity. 
 
 wore, &c. rode upon even 
 when the crown royal was 
 set upon his head (or) rode 
 upon andon theheadofwhich 
 was set the royal crown b 
 
 for the enemy does not value 
 the damage of the king c 
 
 remained (i. e.) waited 
 
 (lit.) a wrapper (i. e.) a mantle 
 
 (or) such as is wrapped 
 
 round the turban 
 exalted the Jews 
 
 JOB. 
 
 2: 5. and he will curse thee to thy 
 
 face. 
 
 9. curse God, 
 3:12. prevent me ? 
 4: 2. be grieved? 
 
 6. Is not this thy fear, thy confi- 
 
 dence, thy hope, and the up- 
 rightness of thy ways ? 
 5: 5. and taketh it even out of the 
 thorns, and the robber 
 
 7. as the sparks 
 
 8. commit my cause : 
 13. is carried headlong. 
 24. shalt not sin. 
 
 6 : 10. yea, I would harden myself in 
 sorrow: let him not spare; 
 
 ijwhen he will not praise thee 
 
 for thy anger 
 rj bless God 
 
 bring me forth quickly ? 
 be weary? 
 
 was not thy fear, and thy con- 
 fidence, thy hope, and the 
 uprightness of thy way? 
 TJ whilst he himself must take it 
 out of the thorns, and the 
 thirsty ones 
 rjand the birds of prey 
 ijturn my discourse 
 
 (lit.) is rash 
 
 jj shalt not miss any thing 
 I would even exult in pain with- 
 out pity (or) were I even 
 burning with pain without 
 pity 
 
 a Every one shall compel his wife to adopt even the language of his people. 
 b The horse the king rode upon is said to have had also a royal crown on 
 its head. 
 
 c Had he valued it, he would rather have advised their being sold for slaves.
 
 24 
 
 JOB. 
 
 6 : 13. Is not my help in me ? and is 
 wisdom driven quite from 
 me? 
 
 14. To him that is afflicted pity 
 should be shewed from his 
 friend ; but he forsaketh 
 
 16. wherein the snow is hid: 
 
 6 : 26. to reprove words, and the 
 speeches of one that is des- 
 perate, which are as wind ? 
 28. for it is evident unto you if I 
 lie. 
 
 7 : 4. and the night be gone ? 
 
 8: 2. like a strong wind? 
 
 17. wrapped about the heap, 
 
 9 : 24. if not, where, and who is he ? 
 
 35. but it is not so with me. 
 10: 9. wilt thou bring me into dust 
 
 again ? 
 17. changes and war are against 
 
 me. 
 
 11: 6. that they are double to that 
 which is ! Know therefore 
 that God exacteth of thee 
 less than thine iniquity de- 
 serveth: 
 
 7. by searching find out God ? &c. 
 find out the Almighty unto 
 perfection ? 
 
 12 : 4. who calleth upon God, and he 
 
 answereth him: 
 6. into whose hand God bringeth 
 
 abundantly. 
 23. he enlargeth the nations, and 
 
 straiteneth them again. 
 13: 19. for now, if I hold my tongue, 
 
 I shall give up the ghost. 
 14: 16. dost thou not watch over my 
 
 sin ? 
 
 is it not true ? my help is not 
 in me ; and support is dri- 
 ven from me 
 
 As to one who despiseth ten- 
 derness from his fellow (or) 
 who depriveth his fellow of 
 kindness, and forsaketh 
 
 upon them the same remaineth 
 
 perpetually 
 
 jjto prove with words? and the 
 words of the despairing be 
 treated like wind ? 
 
 and see whether I lie in your 
 presence 
 
 but the night extends (i. e. ) 
 
 prolongs 
 jjwith a mighty spirit (i.e.) with 
 
 arrogance 
 TJ winding about a spring 
 
 if not, how is it thus ? 
 
 for this (fear) is not with me 
 
 and thou wilt bring me into 
 dust again. 
 
 changes and a host are with 
 me a 
 
 that reality (or) wisdom is 
 manifold ; then shalt thou 
 know that God remits part 
 of thine iniquity b 
 
 find out the searching (i. e.) 
 
 the secrets of God ? &c. 
 
 find out the end (i.e.) the 
 
 design of the Almighty 
 n saying of me, He calleth upon 
 
 God, doth he answer him ? 
 to him who bringeth his god 
 
 (i.e. his idol) in his hand 
 he scattereth nations, and 
 
 again leads them 
 for soon shall I be silent when 
 
 I give up my ghost 
 but wilt then not watch over 
 
 my sin ? 
 
 a Probably meaning, I suffer from successive attacks, as well as from nume- 
 rous fixed disorders. 
 
 b He doth not punish thee sufficiently according to thy demerits.
 
 JOB. 
 
 25 
 
 14:19. thou washest away the things 
 which grow out of the dust 
 of the earth ; 
 
 15: 8. and dost thou restrain wisdom 
 
 to thyself? 
 11. is there any secret thing with 
 
 thee? 
 16:16. My face is foul 
 
 20. My friends scorn me : but mine 
 eye poureth out tears unto 
 God. 
 17: 6. and aforetime I was as a tabret. 
 
 16. They shall go down to the bars 
 of the pit, when our rest to- 
 gether is in the dust. 
 18:13. the strength 
 
 19. nephew 
 
 19:17. though I entreated for the 
 
 children's sake 
 
 25. and that he shall stand at the 
 latter day 
 
 28. But ye should say, Why per- 
 
 secute we him, seeing the 
 root of the matter is found 
 in me? 
 20 : 2. and for this I make haste. 
 
 20. Surely he shall not feel quiet- 
 
 ness in his belly, he shall 
 not save 
 
 21. therefore shall no man look 
 
 for his goods. 
 21 : 4. and if it were so, 
 
 29. and do ye not know their 
 
 tokens, 
 
 rjit (the flood) washeth away 
 
 the seed together with the 
 
 dust of the earth 
 ?jin its sweeping it washeth 
 
 away the dust of the earth 
 i) and hast thou made wisdom 
 
 little to thee d 
 ?)is the thing covered with thee ? e 
 
 My face is burning 
 TJ My friends, shall they be mine 
 advocates ? to God only 
 mine eye poureth out tears 
 >jand I became a Topheth f in 
 the face (or) in their pre- 
 sence 
 
 rjThey will go down into 8 the 
 pit; together descend to 
 the dust 
 
 the branches (i. e.) the limbs 
 of one's body (or) the 
 children 
 
 grandson 
 
 and mine intreaty is strange 
 to my children 
 
 and he will remain the last 
 
 r] But ye say, what is persecuting 
 to him (to God)? the root 
 of the matter is found in me h 
 
 and on account of my feeling 
 within me 
 
 Because he knew not quiet- 
 ness within him, therefore 
 shall he not save 
 
 therefore shall his goods not 
 continue (i. e. prosper) 
 
 and if it is not so 
 
 and their tokens ye cannot 
 mistake 
 
 c See Lexicon, under riDD- 
 
 d Is all wisdom easy to thy comprehension ? 
 
 e Is it imperceptible to thee ? 
 
 f A place of that name most abhorred (or as in Rab. spittle). See 2 Kings 
 xxiii. 10 ; Tsa. xxx. 33 ; Jer. vii. 31. 
 
 s 'HS may stand for ^T?' Or, perhaps for Q" 1 "!? and ought to be rendered, 
 as in viii. 13, limbs, i. e. the limbs will go down into the pit. 
 
 h God does not wish to persecute ; but, say they, I brought it all on myself.
 
 26 
 
 JOB. 
 
 22:25. the Almighty shall be thy de- 
 fence, and thou shalt have 
 plenty of silver. 
 29. There is lifting up ; 
 
 24: 6. They reap every one his corn 
 in the field : and they gather 
 
 10. and they take away the sheaf 
 from the hungry ; 
 
 17. if one know them, they are in 
 
 the terrors 
 
 1 8. He is swift as the waters ; 
 
 their portion is cursed in 
 the earth: he beholdeth not 
 the way of the vineyards. 
 
 26: 3. the thing as it is? 
 
 5. Dead things are formed from 
 under the waters, 
 
 13. his hand hath formed 
 28 : 4. from the inhabitant ; 
 
 29: 1(>. the cause which I knew not 
 30: 13. they have no helper. 
 
 20. and thou regardest me not. 
 
 24. though they cry in his destruc- 
 
 tion. 
 
 27. prevented me. 
 31 : 3. a strange punishment 
 33: 6. according to thy wish in God's 
 
 stead : 
 
 23. If there be a messenger with 
 him, an interpreter, &c. to 
 shew unto man 
 
 25. fresher than a child's: 
 27. it profited me not ; 
 
 34 : 6. Should I lie against my right? 
 
 i] Thy gold shall be all-sufficient, 
 and silver shall be strength 
 to thee 
 There ivas pride 
 
 jjThey reap in the field what 
 belongeth not 1 to them, but 
 they leave to the last k 
 and they that carried a sheaf 
 are hungry 
 
 jjfor he is conscious of terror 
 
 He is swift on the waters ; the 
 portion of which is cursed 
 in the earth: he turns not 
 to go in the way of vine- 
 yards l 
 
 reality (or) wisdom ? 
 r\ The dead are trembling before 
 God, so all that are under 
 the waters 
 
 rjhis hand hath wounded 
 rjfrom its dwelling (i. e.) from 
 
 its confinement 
 rjthe cause of him I knew not 
 
 (i. e. of the stranger) 
 rjwithout help (i. e.) no benefit 
 
 to them 
 
 and thou considerest me m 
 rjas in his destruction is help 
 
 to them" 
 
 came quick upon me 
 j estrangement (i.e. rejection) 
 like thyself to God (i. e. in 
 
 his estimation) 
 If there be one angel, an ad- 
 vocate, to declare of man 
 
 fresh from youth 
 it (the requital) was not equal 
 to me (i. e. to my deserts) 
 TJ! deny my judgment 
 
 1 iVbn may be compounded of ib "b2 not his, (like bs^ba and 
 
 k They spare it as long as they can. 
 
 1 He goes through the dangerous waters, which, by the intimidation they 
 produce, are deemed cursed by others : he also prefers travelling through 
 the desert to the going through vineyards. 
 
 "' As if pondering in thy mind with what other plagues to visit me. 
 
 n The destruction he sends (i.e.) death relieveth them from all troubles. 
 
 I am not treated justly.
 
 JOB. 
 
 34:14. if he gather 
 
 15. shall perish, &c. shall turn 
 26. he striketh them as wicked 
 
 men 
 
 35: 15. because it is not so, he hath 
 visited in his anger; yet he 
 knoweth it not in great ex- 
 tremity : 
 
 36:17. But thou hast fulfilled, &c. 
 take hold on thee. 
 
 18. Because there is wrath, beware 
 
 lest he take thee away with 
 his stroke : then a great ran- 
 som cannot deliver thee. 
 
 21. this hast thou chosen rather 
 than affliction. 
 
 32. With clouds he covereth the 
 light; and commandeth it 
 not to shine ly the cloud that 
 cometh betwixt. 
 37: 10. is straitened. 
 
 1 1 . by watering he wearieth, &c. 
 he scattereth 
 
 16. the balancings 
 38:31. the sweet influences 
 
 39 : 4. they grow up with corn ; 
 
 13. Gavest thou the goodly wings 
 unto the peacocks? or wings 
 and feathers unto the os- 
 trich ? 
 
 19. with thunder? 
 
 20. canst thou make him afraid 
 
 40: 2. Shall he that contendeth with 
 the Almighty instruct him ? 
 
 23. he drinketh up a river, and 
 hasteth not: he trusteth that 
 he can draw up Jordan into 
 his mouth. 
 
 41 : 8. do no more. 
 
 11. Who hath prevented me, 
 25. by reason of breakings they 
 purify themselves. 
 
 27 
 
 he could gather 
 would perish &c. would turn 
 the place of the wicked 
 they clap hands at them 
 
 visits not as if he knew 
 not the manifold crimes 
 
 rjAnd thou wilt have fulfilled, 
 &c., will be upheld by thee 
 
 7} Let anger not induce thee to 
 clap hands (as in despair) : 
 and let a great ransom not 
 lead thee astray P 
 
 rjif thou hast chosen it through 
 affliction 
 
 i] He grasps the light (or) light- 
 ning in his hands ; and 
 ordereth it where to light 
 upon 
 
 TJ becomes cast (i.e. solid) ice 
 serenity (i. e. fair weather) 
 driveth away, &c., it scatter- 
 eth 
 the spreading out 
 
 jjthe bonds (see Lex. p37) 
 
 TJ they multiply abroad (i.e. in 
 
 the field) 
 
 There, the wing of the re- 
 joicing-shouter ! Is it the 
 wing and feather of the 
 stork ? 
 
 rjwith a mane. (See Lex. O3T">) 
 
 TJ canst thou cause him to make 
 a noise 
 
 rj Shall one contend with the 
 Almighty when he is chas- 
 tised ? 
 
 rjthe river is violent, yet he 
 does not hasten : he is sure 
 (i. e. fearless), should Jor- 
 dan even come up to his 
 mouth 
 
 i) thou wilt not do it again 
 Who anticipated me ? 
 
 77 by reason of the waves they 
 are beside themselves (from 
 fear) 
 
 P Do not imagine that he will respect thee for the sake of thv wealth, and 
 for the ransom thou art able to give him.
 
 28 
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 4 : 6. lift them up the light, &c. upon 
 
 us. 
 
 5: 9. very wickedness ; 
 6: 2, 3, 10. vexed 
 
 6. I water 
 7 : 2. tear my soul 
 
 4. (yea, I have delivered him, &c.) 
 
 6. because of the rage, &c. and 
 
 awake for me to the judg- 
 ment 
 
 7. for their sakes therefore 
 
 1 1 . and God is angry with the 
 
 wicked every day. 
 
 13. he ordaineth his arrows against 
 
 the persecutors. 
 8: 2. still 
 
 8. and whatsoever passeth thro ugh 
 9 : 6. destructions are come to a 
 
 perpetual end: and thou 
 hast destroyed cities ; their 
 memorial is perished with 
 them. 
 
 12. When he maketh inquisition 
 
 for blood, he remembereth 
 them: 
 20. Put them in fear, 
 
 10: 2. let them be taken in the de- 
 vices 
 
 3. and blesseth the covetous, 
 whom the Lord abhor re th. 
 
 5. His ways are always grievous; 
 
 14. to requite it with thy hand: 
 
 12: 5. from him that puffeth at him. 
 
 let the light, &c., wave as a 
 
 banner over us 
 mischief 
 
 confounded (or) terrified 
 (lit.) I cause to melt 
 tear me (or) my body 
 or have I even plundered (or) 
 
 oppressed him, &c. (See 
 
 Lex. ?bn). 
 TJ over the rage, &c., and stir" 
 
 up for me the judgment 
 
 and over it (the congregation) 
 Tjand God judgeth him that 
 
 provoketh daily b 
 jhe contrives his arrows to pur- 
 sue hotly 
 
 (lit.} put an end to 
 
 he (man) that passeth through 
 
 the ruins have ceased : and 
 the cities thou hast over- 
 thrown, even their memo- 
 rial is lost 
 
 For he that maketh inquisition 
 for blood, hath remembered 
 them 
 rj Tjset a teacher (or) an archer 
 
 over them 
 
 rjthey (the poor) are taken in 
 
 the devices (of the wicked) 
 
 and the covetous blesseth 
 
 himself that he rejected the 
 
 Lord 
 
 His ways last always d 
 jto distribute (or) impart them 
 
 with thy hand 6 
 whom they puff at 
 
 a Shew that thy rage is of more effect than their's. 
 
 b The verb judgeth is not repeated ; an omission frequent in Hebrew poetry. 
 So in Hab. iii. 3, and the holy one came from mount Paran. 
 
 c No trace is left of the ruins to commemorate the conquests of the 
 destroyer. 
 
 d lie meet!? with no impediment. 
 
 ' Without the will of urovidencc. mischief rannot overtake :mv one.
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 29 
 
 12: 8. when the vilest men are ex- 
 alted. 
 
 15: 5. against the innocent. 
 
 16: 2. my goodness extendeth not to 
 
 thee ; 
 
 3. But to the saints, &c. and to 
 the excellent, 
 
 17 : 2. let thine eyes behold the things 
 that are equal. 
 
 3. and shalt find nothing ; I am 
 
 purposed that my mouth 
 shall not transgress. 
 
 4. Concerning the works of men, 
 
 by the word of thy lips I 
 have kept me from 
 
 7. that savest by thy right hand 
 them which put their trust 
 in thee from those that rise 
 up against them. 
 
 9. my deadly enemies, 
 
 13. disappoint him, 
 
 18: 3. I will call upon the Lord, who 
 is worthy to be praised: so 
 shall I be 
 5 & 18. prevented me. 
 
 34. a bow of steel is broken by 
 mine arms. 
 
 19: 3. there is no speech nor lan- 
 guage, where their voice is 
 not heard. 
 
 21 : 3. thou preventest him 
 
 22 : 1 . why art thou so far from help- 
 ing me, and from the words 
 of my roaring ? 
 16. they pierced 
 
 r/vileness is crawling about men 
 
 like vermin 
 
 T) even for to acquit the innocent 
 my goodness is not upon thee f 
 
 But for the saints, c., and 
 
 for the excellent 
 wfor thine eyes see rightly 
 
 rjand wilt not find that I have 
 even thought of what ought 
 not to pass my mouth g 
 Nor have I committed any of 
 the actions of men against 
 the word of thy lips: nor 
 that I had kept (i. e. fol- 
 lowed) 
 
 rjthat savest them that trust in 
 thy right hand from those 
 that rise up against them 
 
 mine enemies with self will 
 
 (i. e. wantoness) 
 anticipate him (i. e. come 
 
 before hand) 
 Praised be the Lord ! I 
 
 exclaim, and I shall be 
 
 came 
 
 (i. e. 
 
 sur- 
 
 before me 
 
 prised me) 
 mine arms brought down (i. e. 
 
 stretched) a bow of brass 
 Not a speech and not words, 
 
 whose voice is not heard 
 
 afar off 
 thou anticipatest (i. e. comest 
 
 before him) 
 so far from my help are the 
 
 words of my roaring 
 
 as a lion (Comp. verse 21, 
 & Is. xxxviii. 13). 
 
 f I do not pray for the sake of my merits, or for my welfare, but, (as in the 
 following verse) for that of the saints. But Mendelssohn renders it thus : 
 verse 2, thou God art my goodness, (or) beatitude; none surpasses thee. 
 Verse 3, And so art thou that of the saints, &c. and of the excellent. 
 
 8 Wherever "123? implies transgress, it is constructed with the ablative or 
 accusative.
 
 30 
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 22: 17. I may tell all my bones: 
 
 29. all they that go down to the 
 
 dust shall bow before him : 
 and none can keep alive his 
 own soul. 
 
 30. it shall be accounted to the 
 
 Lord for a generation. 
 
 25: 3. without cause. 
 
 27: 14. and he shall strengthen thine 
 
 heart : 
 31:23. and plentifully rewardeth 
 
 32: 9. whose mouth 
 
 33: 2. with the psaltery and an in- 
 strument of ten strings. 
 17. by his great strength. 
 35: 15. 1 knew it not; 
 
 16. mockers in feasts, 
 36 : 1 . The transgression of the 
 wicked saith within my 
 heart, 
 2. he flattereth himself in his own 
 
 eyes, 
 37: 3. and verily thou shalt be fed. 
 
 8. fret not thyself in any wise to 
 
 do evil. 
 38: [title] to bring to remembrance. 
 
 7. a loathsome disease: 
 39 : 2.1 was dumb with silence, I 
 
 held my peace, even from 
 
 good; 
 5. thou hast made my days as an 
 
 handbreadth; &c. every man 
 
 at his best state is altogether 
 
 vanity. 
 
 13. spare me, 
 40: 2. an horrible pit, 
 
 jl count all my limbs' 1 
 i] all they that crawl in the dust, 
 and he that cannot sustain 
 life (i. e. the poor and 
 broken hearted) shall bow 
 before him 
 
 it shall be declared of the 
 Lord to the future genera- 
 tion 
 
 (lit. ) vainly (i. e. to no pur- 
 pose) 
 
 and let thine heart take 
 courage (and so xxxi. 24.) 
 rjand rewardeth with a mea- 
 suring line (i. e. precisely) 
 (lit.) whose beauty (or) orna- 
 ment, 
 with a ten-stringed psaltery 
 
 (and so cxliv. 9.) 
 by the multitude of his host 
 rjwhom I knew not 
 r] mockers with a sneer 1 
 I think in my heart that trans- 
 gression saith to the wicked 
 
 he flattereth him with his eyes 
 
 and feed thyself with (i. e. 
 
 pursue) truth 
 fret not thyself about what 
 
 causes only evil k 
 ?jat the remembrance offering 
 decay 
 I was dumb of quietness, I 
 
 was silent of happiness ' 
 
 thou hast given my days by 
 hand breadth,"' &c., verily 
 that all men are mere 
 vanity is confirmed (i. e. 
 a standing truth) 
 
 (lit.) turn away from me 
 
 a pit of destruction 
 
 11 As if afraid of having lost some of them already. 
 
 1 See Lexicon, under ^iutt- 
 
 k The prosperity of the wicked is often to their ruin. 
 
 1 I did not suffer aught to escape my mouth, not even of hopes and happiness. 
 
 "' Thou hast allotted my days to me by a very short measure.
 
 PSLAMS. 
 
 31 
 
 40 : 4. respecteth not the proud, nor 
 
 such as turn aside to lies. 
 5. they cannot be reckoned up in 
 order unto thee : if I would 
 declare, &c. they are more 
 than can be numbered 
 
 7. in the volume of the book it 
 
 is written of me, 
 
 9. preached 
 15. desolate for a reward of their 
 
 shame 
 
 42 : 6. therefore will I remember 
 44 : 2. and cast them out. 
 45 : 3. with thy glory 
 
 9. Thy throne, O God, 
 
 46 : 6. The heathen raged, 
 
 8. what desolations 
 
 47 : 7. with understanding. 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 2. Beautiful for situation, 
 9. We have thought of thy loving- 
 kindness, 
 
 13. consider her palaces ; 
 
 14. even unto death. 
 
 5. when the iniquity of my heels 
 shall compass me 
 
 7. None of them can by any 
 
 means redeem his brother, 
 nor give to God a ransom 
 for him : 
 
 8. (For the redemption of their 
 
 soul is precious, and it 
 ceaseth for ever : ) 
 
 9. That he should still live for ever, 
 13. yet their posterity approve 
 their sayings. 
 
 turneth not to proud things, 
 
 and to vain deception 
 rjnone is comparable to thee : 
 I will declare, &c. n but they 
 are more than can be num- 
 bered 
 
 with the volume of the book 
 wherein is written what is 
 upon me 
 
 (lit.] proclaimed 
 
 amazed for the sake of their 
 
 shame 
 
 ?j because I remember 
 rjand spread them out? 
 
 it is thy glory 
 
 thy throne of God (comp. 
 1 Chron. xxix. 23). 
 
 The heathen are in commotion 
 
 what astonishing things 
 
 an instruction (i. e. an in- 
 structive poem) 
 
 Beautiful branch (or) province 
 
 >jWe were waiting for (or, we 
 
 compared) thy kindness 
 
 mount her palaces 
 
 over (or) beyond death 
 ijwill the punishment of my de- 
 ceivers enclose me ? q 
 
 A man will not by any means 
 redeem his brother, he will 
 not give to the judge a ran- 
 som for him 
 
 And were the redemption 
 even of their own soul 
 costly, he would leave it 
 for ever (i. e.) forbear to 
 redeem it 
 
 And did he live for ever/ 
 ?) so that their posterity may 
 approve with their mouth s 
 
 "I will speak of thy wonderful works generally, but I cannot particularize them. 
 
 My obligations, for benefits received ; and what is due from me. 
 
 P Spread out like branches (in which sense this phrase stands parallel with 
 the preceding). 
 
 q Thus according to Mendelssobn ; but others render it, when the perverse- 
 ness of my deceivers encloses me. 
 
 r Such might excuse his covetousness ; but (as in the following verse) he 
 must die. 
 
 s All they desire, is, that their posterity may praise their actions.
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 49 : 14. and their beauty shall consume 
 in the grave from their 
 dwelling. 
 
 50 : 8. to have been continually be- 
 fore me. 
 2 Land I kept silence; thou 
 
 thoughtest 
 51 : 4. thee only, 
 
 5. 1 was shapen 
 52 : 2. Thy tongue deviseth mischiefs; 
 
 like a sharp razor, 
 55: 14. in company. 
 
 15. Let death seize upon them, 
 
 18. from the battle that was against 
 me: for there were many 
 with me. 
 56 : 5. they wrest my words : 
 
 Shall they escape by iniquity? 
 will awake early. 
 O congregation ? 
 
 7. 
 
 57: 8. 
 58: 1. 
 
 59 
 
 8. let every one of them passaway : 
 
 9. he shall take them away as 
 
 with a whirlwind, both liv- 
 ing, and in his wrath. 
 
 1 1. he is a God 
 9. Because of his strength 
 
 10. shall prevent me: 
 
 60 : 3. the wine of astonishment. 
 62 : [title] to Jeduthun, and so Ixxvii. 
 3. ye shall be slain all of you : as 
 a bowing wall shall ye be. 
 
 nfor he (God) formed them 
 (the righteous) to outlive 
 (i. e. last longer than) the 
 grave, from serving as a 
 dwelling. 
 ?jthey are continually before 
 
 me * 
 
 rjhad I kept silence, thou 
 wouldest have thought 
 
 thou, Only one ! u 
 
 I was brought forth 
 
 Thou devisest mischiefs; thy 
 tongue is like a sharp razor 
 
 in a bustle 
 
 It (the treachery) entices (i. e. 
 attracts) death to them 
 
 from approaching to attack 
 me; for many times were 
 they (the enemies) at me 
 r] they watch (i. e. spy out) m 
 words 
 
 May their escape be in vain; 
 
 will awake the morning w 
 
 O ye mighty ones (or) judges ? 
 (See Lex. abs) 
 
 as it (the snail) moveth x 
 
 yet raw, just warm, the whirl- 
 wind shall hurl it (the wood) 
 away y 
 
 there is a God 
 
 Thou mighty One 2 
 
 shall be before me (i.e.) an- 
 ticipate me: 
 
 the wine of giddiness, 
 jjupon the Jeduthun, aa 
 rjye all wish to destroy him like 
 a bowing wall, bb 
 
 * I have more than enough, and am satiated with them. 
 
 u David could not say that he had sinned against God only, since he had 
 sinned also against Uriah and others who died with him. 
 
 w I will be up before (as if rousing) the morning ; and so cviii. 2. 
 
 x It appears to melt whilst moving along. 
 
 y So shall their devices be frustrated before they are accomplished. 
 
 z W may stand for t3J or HTO- Or perhaps for "^ (as in the following 
 verse "non for "HDP!) and ought to be rendered, Thou, my mighty One. 
 
 aa Probably a musical instrument, invented by the Psalmist, of that name. 
 
 bb Ye are ready to destroy the innocent as ye would a wall, which is dan- 
 gerous to the passers bv.
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 62: 9. are a lie: to be laid in the ba- 
 lance, they are altogether 
 lighter than vanity. 
 
 64: 2. from the insurrection 
 
 6. they accomplish a diligent 
 
 search : both the inward 
 thought of every one of 
 them, and the heart, is 
 deep. 
 
 7. God shall shoot at them with 
 
 an arrow ; suddenly shall 
 they be wounded. 
 
 8. shall flee away. 
 
 65: 1. Praise waiteth for thee, O 
 God, in Sion 
 
 66: [title] A song or Psalm, (and so 
 
 67. 68. 75. 76. 83. 87) 
 11. affliction 
 68: 4. extol him 
 
 10. Thy congregation 
 13. among the pots, yet shall ye be 
 as the wing of a dove 
 
 14. it was white as snow in Sal- 
 
 mon. 
 
 15. The hill of God is as the hill, 
 
 &c. an high hill as the hill 
 
 16. Why leap ye, 
 
 18. thou hast led captivity captive: 
 
 thou hast received gifts for 
 men ; 
 
 19. Blessed be the Lord, who 
 
 daily loadeth us with bene- 
 fits, even the God of our 
 salvation. 
 
 are deception: in the balance 
 they altogether rise, even 
 from a breath cc 
 from the bustle (or, rage) 
 rjthey conceal them deeply dd 
 in the innermost part, and 
 deep in the heart 
 
 ) God shall shoot at them ; by 
 a sudden arrow shall they 
 be wounded. 
 
 shall be agitated, (or, shake 
 
 the head] with surprise (or, 
 derision) 
 
 Quietness (i. e. waiting) to 
 thee, O God, causes praise 
 in Sion, (or, It is a quiet- 
 ness, [i. e. a satisfaction] 
 to praise thee, O God, 
 in Sion) 
 
 A song of a Psalm (or, a Psalm 
 to sing) 
 
 oppression (or, burden) 
 TJ raise the way, (i. e. prepare 
 
 it) for him 
 rjthy living creature 
 
 between the water-troughs, 
 (com p. Judg. v. 16.) yet 
 shall the wing of the dove ee 
 be 
 
 it became bright as snow in 
 the gloomy place 
 
 A hill of God (i. e. a mighty 
 hill) is the hill, &c. an high 
 hill is the hill 
 ?) Why do ye look enviously 
 
 thou hast taken captives : thou 
 hast received gifts in (or 
 of) men 
 
 Blessed be the Lord daily, 
 though he (or, though he 
 daily) loadeth us with 
 troubles; yet that God is 
 our salvation 
 
 cc Even a breath will overbalance them in the scale. 
 
 dd 13EH for 13DE. So Jarchi. ItfSnB 12271 literally, a deep concealment. 
 ee A name of endearment given to Israel ; (as Ixxiv. 19) and who was en- 
 riched without going out to battle (thus this corresponds well with the pre-
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 68 : 20. issues from death. 
 
 22. I will bring my people again 
 
 23. in the blood of thine enemies, 
 
 and the tongue of thy dogs 
 
 in the same. 
 25. among them were 
 27. with their ruler, &c. and their 
 
 council, 
 30. till every one submit himself 
 
 with pieces of silver: 
 
 69 : 4. then I restored 
 
 70 : [title] to bring to remembrance. 
 
 3. for a reward of 
 71 : 16. even of thine only. 
 72:16. an handful 
 
 17. shall be blessed in him: 
 
 73: 4. no bands in their death: 
 
 8. They are corrupt, 
 
 9. They set their mouth against 
 
 the heavens, 
 10. and waters of a full cup are 
 
 wrung out to them. 
 19. with terrors. 
 
 74: 4. of thy congregations ; 
 
 5. A man was famous according 
 
 as he had lifted up 
 8. destroy them 
 75: 6. nor from the south. 
 
 the goings out (i. e. deliver- 
 ance) from death 
 rj I will bring the enemy back ff 
 in blood, the tongue of thy 
 dogs feed on the enemy 
 
 in the midst of 
 ijrules (or, leads) them, &c. in 
 
 their purple garments 85 
 stretching itself out on pieces 
 
 of (or, on a pavement of) 
 
 silver llh 
 
 then I was desired to restore 
 at the remembrance offering 
 on account of 
 thou, only one ! (as li. 4.) 
 TJ abundance. (See Lex. D^DSD) 
 shall bless themselves with 
 
 him 
 no knots (i. e. difficulties) until 
 
 their death 
 They mock 
 they set their mouth in the 
 
 heaven " 
 rjand as a flood of water they 
 
 are found after them kk 
 rjmore than what are worn out 
 
 (i.e. rags) _ 
 of thy meeting house (i. e. 
 
 the temple) 
 t]Saying let this be known (or, 
 
 famous) like the lifting up " 
 oppress them 
 nor from the mountainous 
 
 desert, (or) nor from the 
 
 the desert (the south) nor 
 
 from the mountains (the 
 
 north) 111 " 1 
 
 ff Those who sought to escape, whether on the heights or in the depths of the 
 sea, will he bring back to take vengeance on them. 
 
 gg DnE2") for DriEp"! Judah and Benjamin heading the company who went 
 up to Zion, which was situated in their joined territory. But some render the 
 latter phrase, the princes of Judah with their archers (so cm in Chaldee) . 
 
 hh Thus Mendelssohn (supposing >21 to stand for >S2~l). And which is 
 applied to those who live in grandeur. 
 
 " They speak with authority, as if from heaven. 
 
 kk After the wicked the people follow like a flood. 12^ is thought to stand 
 for 1MS\ as iba for isbfc Ezek xxviii. 16. 
 
 11 Like those daring acts of the conqueror of a people, in destroying the 
 groves dedicated to their idols (verse 6) ; And accordingly they break down. 
 
 mm The north of Palestine being mountainous.
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 76 : 4. Thou art more glorious and 
 excellent 
 
 5. are spoiled, 
 
 10. the remainder of wrath shalt 
 
 thou restrain, 
 
 77 : 1 . and he gave ear unto me. 
 *2. my sore ran 
 
 4. Thou holdest mine eyes wak- 
 
 ing: 
 
 10. This is my infirmity: but I 
 will remember the years of 
 the right hand of the most 
 high. 
 
 1 8. in the heaven : 
 78:66. in the hinder part: 
 79 : 8. speedily prevent us : 
 80: 3. Turn us again, 
 
 15. And the vineyard 
 
 81:11. would none of me. 
 
 8*2: 1. of the mighty; &c. among the 
 
 gods. 
 
 84 : 2. crieth out for 
 3. even thine altars, 
 
 5. in whose heart are the ways of 
 them, 
 
 6. the rain also filleth the pools. 
 
 86: 2. I am holy: 
 
 87 : 4.1 will make mention, &c. be- 
 hold Philistia, 
 
 5. And of Zion it shall be said, 
 &c. himself shall establish 
 her. 
 
 Thou, O mighty one ! art 
 
 more overturning (i. e. de- 
 
 structive) 
 are deprived (of their senses, 
 
 i. e. stunned) 
 the rest of men may gird (i.e. 
 
 arm) themselves with wrath 
 give, therefore, ear unto me 
 my hand is stretched out 
 Thou holdest the guards of 
 
 mine eyes. nn 
 It (praying) is mine; but the 
 
 change is in the right hand 
 
 of the most high 00 
 
 in the whirlwind 
 
 backwards 
 
 anticipate us 
 
 Bring us back (and so verses 
 
 7. 19.) 
 And support that (compare 
 
 verse 17.) 
 
 would not consent to me 
 of God, &c. among the judges 
 
 shouts to 
 
 and I found thine altars 
 
 which maketh paths in their 
 
 even the early rain wraps up 
 
 in blessings 
 I am benevolent 
 when I make mention, &c., 
 
 behold when I make mention 
 
 Philistia 
 But of Zion it is said, &c. 
 
 himself doth establish her 
 
 "" Thou wouldest not suffer mine eye-lids to close. 
 
 00 I have to pray ; yet the change is in the power of God. But some take 
 VH/TI from Vn, and render it, The change of the right hand of the most 
 high is to frighten me. 
 
 w This and the following verse are connected with the preceding. They 
 describe the happiness of those who dwell in the house of God ; as they, in 
 travelling towards his house, think, in their joy, of no obstruction ; in their 
 mind, it is as if it were a path, whether they traverse mountains or the valley 
 of Baca (of mulberry trees) where they had to experience the want of water; 
 but which seemed to them like a well. Also when overtaken by rain, which 
 made the road heavy, they likewise considered that as a blessing ultimately. 
 Thus nothing interrupted their joy.
 
 36 
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 87 : 6. shall count, &c. that this man 
 
 was born there. 
 7. As well the singers as the 
 
 players on instruments shall 
 
 be there : all my springs are 
 
 in thee: 
 88: 7. thou hast afflicted me with all 
 
 thy waves. 
 
 13. shall, &c. prevent thee. 
 89: 18. For the Lord is our defence ; 
 and the holy one of Israel 
 is our king. 
 37. and as a faithful witness 
 
 39. hast made void 
 
 47. wherefore hast thou made all 
 
 men in vain? 
 50. the mighty people ; 
 90 : 3. to destruction ; 
 
 5. Thou earnest them away as 
 with a flood; they are as a 
 sleep: 
 
 1 0. yet is their strength labour 
 
 and sorrow ; 
 
 1 1. according to thy fear, 
 
 12. we may apply our hearts unto 
 
 wisdom. 
 91: 1. shall abide 
 
 2. 1 will say of the Lord, He is 
 
 &c. in him will I trust. 
 4. with his feathers, 
 92: 3. with a solemn sound. 
 
 10. I shall be anointed 
 95 : 4. the deep places 
 
 95 : 10. was I grieved 
 
 99 : 3. thy great and terrible name ; 
 
 4. The king's strength also loveth 
 
 specifieth, &c. that this man is 
 
 to be born there qq 
 All my thoughts sing of thee 
 
 like pipes 
 
 ryand all thy waves hast thou 
 
 brought low, (i. e. emptied) 
 
 upon me 
 
 shall, &c. come quickly to thee 
 For our shield is the Lord's, 
 
 to the holy one of Israel is 
 
 our king. rr 
 rjand as the faithful witness 
 
 (i. e. the rainbow) 
 hast overturned 
 what a vanity hast thou made 
 
 all men ! 
 the many nations 
 until broken, (i. e. humbled) 
 Thou pourest them out; they 
 
 begin their existence in 
 
 sleep ss 
 
 and their pride is vain exer- 
 tion and nothingness ; 
 according to the fear of thee 
 we may bring with us a wise 
 
 heart 
 
 ?jhe that abideth 
 (I speak of the Lord, who is, 
 
 &c. in whom I trust) 
 with his wing 
 with meditation 
 mine old age is brightened 
 (lit.} the searchings out, (i. e. 
 
 the treasures of the inward 
 
 parts) 
 
 was I disgusted 
 thy name, O thou toho art 
 
 great and terrible 
 r]Let them praise also the king's 
 
 strength which loveth 
 
 *w The Psalmist, in his admiration of Zion, breaks out enthusiastically, 
 showing the superior excellence of that place over any other. In Rahab, Ba- 
 bylon, Philistia, &c., it is sometimes boasted, that such a great one was born 
 there ; whilst of Zion it is said, this and that (i.e. many an one) were born there ; 
 and the reason is, because he, the Lord, has established that place ; and he 
 even notices, when, in writing up the people, that such an one shall he born there. 
 
 " The king, who is our shield, is under the protection of God. 
 
 S tt^fnrr. rmv Kir-fVi ivo aro iifforKr ^n^-o^f n( ^v,- -,
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 37 
 
 99 : 8. their inventions, (and so cvi. 
 
 29) 
 
 101: 2. 1 will behave myself wisely in 
 a perfect way. 
 
 3. the work of them that turn 
 
 aside ; 
 8. early 
 102: 3. as an hearth. 
 
 8. they that are mad against me 
 
 are sworn against me. 
 28. shall continue, 
 103: 5. thy mouth with good things; 
 
 104: 3 & 13. his chambers in the 
 waters ; 
 
 4. Who maketh his angels spirits; 
 
 his ministers a flaming fire : 
 34. My meditation of him shall be 
 
 sweet : 
 108: 1. even with my glory. 
 
 11. Wilt not thou, O God, who 
 hast cast us off? and wilt 
 not thou, O God, go 
 109:23. 1 am tossed up and down 
 110: [title] A Psalm of David. 
 
 1. The Lord said unto my Lord, 
 
 3. in the beauties of holiness from 
 
 the womb of the morning: 
 thou hast the dew of thy 
 youth. 
 
 4. Thou art a priest for ever after 
 
 the order of Melchizedek. 
 
 5. shall strike 
 
 6. he shall fill the places with 
 
 dead bodies; he shall wound 
 the heads over many coun- 
 tries. 
 
 7. He shall drink of the brook in 
 
 the way: therefore shall he 
 lift up the head. 
 
 their evil actions 
 
 r\ I will consider respecting the 
 
 way of perfection 
 to work perversions 
 
 every morning 
 rjas a firebrand 
 
 they that deride me swear by 
 me" 
 
 shall dwell in the land 
 
 thee with thy beautiful orna- 
 ment (or, attire) 
 
 his upper chambers (i. e. the 
 clouds), with water 
 
 Who maketh winds his angels ; 
 flaming fire his ministers 
 
 that my meditation may be 
 agreeable to him 
 
 it (to sing) is even my glory 
 Hast not thou, O God, cast 
 us off? and wouldst, O God, 
 no more go 
 
 1 am shaken uu 
 
 ijA Psalm concerning David 
 Jehovah said unto my lord ww 
 in the beauties of holiness: 
 thou hast the dew of thy 
 youth as the dew from the 
 womb of the morning 
 Thou art a chief ruler for 
 ever, O thou Melchize- 
 deck xx (my righteous king} 
 hath struck 
 
 a multitude of dead bodies ; 
 he hath wounded the head 
 of the land of Kabbah 
 
 He must drink of the brook 
 on the road, because he - vy 
 would lift up his head 
 
 tt Swear with a curse : as Numb. v. 27. 
 
 uu In the east, when the trees are beset by the locusts, a fire is kindled 
 under them, and the locusts, which die from the smoke, are then shaken down ; 
 so, said_ David, they wish to shake him from the earth. 
 
 ww ^^' T ^ i s never applied to God. 
 
 xx Not only David, who may be called thus from his having been a righteous 
 king, but other kings of Jerusalem had similar titles, though they had no 
 claim to them : as Josh. x. 1. Adonizedek (my righteous lord). 
 
 yy The king of Kabbah who defied David. Comp. 2 Sam. xii. 25, 26.
 
 38 
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 Ill: 2. of all them that have pleasure 
 therein. 
 
 113: 6. Who humbleth himself to he- 
 hold the things that are in 
 heaven, 
 
 9. He inaketh the barren woman 
 to keep house, 
 
 116: 1. I love the Lord, because he 
 hath heard 
 
 10. I was greatly afflicted: 
 
 11. All men are liars: 
 118: 12. they are quenched 
 
 119:33. unto the end. 
 
 38. who is devoted to thy fear. 
 61. have robbed me: 
 
 70. as fat as grease ; 
 96. of all perfection : 
 
 112. alway, even unto the end. 
 
 113. vain thoughts: 
 
 118. falsehood. 
 
 147. prevented (and so 148) 
 
 152. Concerning thy testimonies, I 
 
 have known 
 1 20 : [title] c A song of degrees 
 
 4. of juniper 
 122: 2. shall stand 
 
 3. that is compact together : 
 124: 3. quick, 
 126: 6. precious seed, 
 127: 1. the watchman watcheth 
 
 2. for so he giveth his beloved 
 sleep. 
 
 for all they are required zz 
 
 Who looketh so low, even in 
 the heaven a 
 
 He inaketh inhabited the 
 barren house, (i.e. the house 
 of the barren) 
 
 jl love (i. e. I am delighted), 
 because the Lord hath 
 heard 
 
 I called out loudly 
 
 All men are failing, (i.e. vain) 
 
 they are burned out, (i. e. 
 consumed) 
 
 in the end, (i. e. in conse- 
 quence of it) 
 
 which is promised to those 
 that fear thee 
 
 met round me, (i. e. sur- 
 rounded me) 
 
 as insensible as fat b 
 rjof all desire, (i.e. of every 
 longed for pleasure) 
 
 the consequence (i. e. the 
 reward) is for ever 
 
 divided opinions (or, digres- 
 sions) 
 
 vain 
 
 anticipated, (i. e. having been 
 early ) 
 
 Out of thy testimonies I have 
 
 known (i. e. I have learned) 
 
 r\ A song on the steps (or, of 
 
 ascensions) 
 rjof the broom 
 
 were once standing 
 
 where all associated together 
 
 alive 
 
 the drag of seed 
 
 the watchman is vigilant 
 
 thus he giveth the requisites to 
 his beloved whilst asleep 
 (i. e. without watching) 
 
 22 They answer the purposes they are chosen for. 
 
 a This being connected with the preceding verse : thus, who dwelleth so 
 high and yet looketh so low, namely, in the heaven and in the earth. 
 b The fat is the part least sensible of pain in the animal body. 
 1 And so the following fourteen Psalms. See Lex. under H 73? 
 '' We have hud already a tight of its glorv.
 
 PSALMS. 
 
 39 
 
 129: 6. afore it groweth up: 
 131 : 2. of his mother: 
 132: 1. and all his afflictions: 
 137 : 3. and they that wasted us 
 
 6. if I prefer not Jerusalem 
 
 above iny chief joy. 
 138: 3. and strengthenedst me 
 
 6. but the proud 
 
 139 : 3. Thou compassest, &c. and art 
 acquainted with 
 
 4. there is not a word 
 
 5. beset me 
 17. thy thoughts 
 
 21 . grieved with 
 
 141: 5. it shall be an excellent oil, 
 which shall not break my 
 head : for yet my prayer also 
 shall be in their calamities. 
 
 6. when their judges are over- 
 
 thrown in strong places 
 
 142: 7. shall compass me about ; 
 
 144:12. That our sons may be, &c., 
 our daughters may be, &c. 
 Verse 13. That our garners 
 may be, &c. that our sheep 
 may, &c. Verse 14. That 
 our oxen may be, &c. that 
 there be 
 
 145:16. the desire 
 
 146: 9. he relieveth 
 
 1 49 : 9. this honour have 
 
 TJ before it is pulled up 
 
 upon its mother 6 
 
 all his toils (or) strivings 
 
 and they that derided us 
 Tjif I do not bring to mind 
 Jerusalem at my chief joy 
 
 and emboldenedst me 
 
 also the proud 
 
 Thou hast measured (from 
 mT) &c., and hast ac- 
 customed (i. e. led rne on) 
 
 The word is not yet 
 TJ formed me 
 
 the thoughts (or, thinking of 
 thee) 
 
 disgusted with 
 
 the oil of the head shall not 
 annihilate my head f : for yet 
 my prayer continueth while 
 they continue in their evil 
 way 
 
 7) when they who slipped into 
 the cleft of a rock (i. e. who 
 had to conceal themselves) 
 will then be their judges 
 
 shall crown thee (or, them- 
 selves through me 
 TJ Our sons are, &c. our daugh- 
 ters are, &c. Verse 13. 
 Our garners are, &c., our 
 sheep, &c. Verse 14. Our 
 oxen are, &c. there is g 
 
 r)ioith favour 
 he preserveth 
 this is the honour of 
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 1 :27. as desolation, 
 2: 7. he is a buckler 
 
 ijas a tempest 
 
 T which is a buckler 
 
 e As a child is quieted when leaning on its mother. 
 f My being anointed shall not make me giddy. 
 % All these verses are connected with verse 10.
 
 40 
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 2 : 8. He keepeth, &c. and preserveth 
 
 22. rooted out of it. 
 3:26. from being taken. 
 
 35. but shame shall be the promo- 
 tion of fools. 
 4: 7. Wisdom is the principal thing: 
 
 therefore get wisdom. 
 5: 9. thine honour 
 
 6 : 3. when thou art come into the 
 hand of thy friend; go, 
 humble thyself, and make 
 sure thy friend. 
 
 13. he speaketh, &c., he teacheth 
 
 16. seven are 
 
 26. For by means of a whorish 
 
 woman a man is brought to 
 
 a piece of bread : 
 7 : 22. as a fool to the correction of 
 
 the stocks; 
 
 8:26. the highest part 
 9: 13. A foolish woman is clamorous: 
 
 she is simple, 
 10:14. destruction, (and so verses 15, 
 
 29) 
 18. He that hideth hatred with 
 
 lying lips, 
 
 23. It is as sport, &c. ; but a man of 
 
 understanding hath wisdom. 
 
 11:21. Though hand join in hand, 
 (and so xvi. 5.) 
 
 28. as a branch. 
 12: 11. vain persons (and so xxviii. 19) 
 
 16. covereth shame. 
 
 27. The substance of a diligent 
 
 man is precious. 
 
 13: 5. is loathsome, and cometh to 
 shame. 
 
 to keep (i. e. to enable them 
 to keep) &c. and he (God) 
 preserveth 
 
 swept away from it 
 
 from a snare (or, trap) 
 
 fools lift up (i. e. take away 
 for their share) shame 
 
 the beginning of wisdom is 
 to get wisdom 
 
 thy comeliness (i.e. thy youth- 
 ful looks) 
 
 for thou art come into the 
 power of thy fellow; go, 
 be trodden on, and let thy 
 fellow be proud 
 
 he rubs, &c. he showeth 
 
 the seventh is a 
 
 (lit.) For about a whorish 
 woman, about (or, until a 
 piece of bread) 
 
 rjas the tinkling ornament 6 for 
 the chastisement of a fool 
 
 the beginning 
 
 7j Folly is a foolish clamorous 
 woman, 
 
 terror (or, dismay) 
 
 Hiding hatred proveth lying 
 lips 
 
 As it is a pleasure, &c. so is 
 wisdom to a man of under- 
 standing 
 Tjfrom hand to hand c 
 
 as a leaf 
 jjvain things (or, projects) 
 
 covereth contempt (i. e. doth 
 not quickly resent it) 
 
 Diligence is the wealth of a 
 worthy man 
 
 rendereth odious (i. e. calum- 
 niates), and causes shame 
 
 a According to the text it ought to be rendered is (and not are) an abomi- 
 nation, the cardinal number, therefore, must be considered as standing in the 
 place of the ordinal. 
 
 b An ornamental chain (see D33? Lex.) by which the fool submits to be 
 enthralled. 
 
 c Should unrighteous gain have even changed hands (i. e. have been left to 
 the heir of the wicked), it should yet not remain unpunished.
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 41 
 
 13: 8. but the poor heareth not re- 
 buke. 
 
 23. but there is that is destroyed 
 14: 7. Go from the presence of a 
 
 foolish man, when thou per- 
 ceivest not in him 
 
 1 9. The evil bow 
 
 20. of his own neighbour : (and so 
 
 verse 21) 
 15:26. the words of the pure are 
 
 pleasant words. 
 32. getteth understanding. 
 16: 1. The preparations of the heart 
 in man, and the answer of 
 the tongue 
 4. for himself: 
 
 10. transgresseth not 
 
 13. and they love him that speak- 
 eth right. 
 
 22. the instruction of fools is folly. 
 
 28. a whisperer 
 17:14. when one letteth out water: 
 
 &c. before it be meddled 
 
 with. 
 17. A friend loveth at all times, 
 
 and a brother is born 
 
 26. to strike princes 
 
 27. is of an excellent spirit. 
 
 18: 1 . intermeddleth with (and so 
 
 xx. 3) 
 
 8. The words of a talebearer are 
 as wounds, (and so xxvi. 22) 
 
 11. in his own conceit. 
 
 24. A man that hath friends must 
 
 shew himself friendly : 
 19: 1. and is a fool. 
 
 and he that heareth not re- 
 buke is poor 
 
 and substance is destroyed 
 Go opposite a foolish man d 
 and thou wilt never per- 
 ceive in him 
 Bow, ye bad ones 
 of his fellow (or, friend) 
 
 pleasant words are pure 6 
 
 ijgaineth the heart of others 
 The disposing of the heart is 
 of man, (comp. ver. 9.) but 
 the answer of the tongue f 
 for its purpose 
 
 must (or) ought not transgress 
 and he loveth (or, ought to 
 him that speaketh 
 
 the chastisement of 
 
 love) 
 
 right 
 folly is 
 
 fools 
 
 a contentious one 
 as- the getting out of water : 
 
 &c., before the breaking 
 
 out 
 At all times love the friend, 
 
 (or love to be sociable) then 
 
 a brother will be born 
 rjto strike the noble-minded 
 maketh rare, (i.e. keeps back) 
 
 his mind 
 breaketh out against 
 
 The words of a contentious 
 
 one are like deleterious 
 
 dainties 8 
 t]when sitting in his sculptured 
 
 chamber 
 There are friends merely in 
 
 order to associate with h 
 and is self-confident 
 
 d Have always your eye upon him. 
 e Friendly conversation is agreeable in the eyes of God. 
 f So as to be of effect. 
 
 g Pleasant in appearance, though poison be concealed in them. 
 h They only appear as friends (ETN i s thought to stand for EP like 
 Chaldee). 
 
 n
 
 42 
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 19: 7. he pursueth them with words, 
 yet they are wanting to him. 
 28. devoureth iniquity. 
 
 20 : 4. shall he beg 
 
 6. will proclaim everyone his own 
 
 goodness : 
 
 20. Whoso curseth, &c. his lamp 
 shall be put out 
 
 25. who devoureth that which is 
 
 holy, 
 
 26. scattereth the wicked, and 
 
 bringeth 
 30. The blueness of a wound &c. : 
 
 so do stripes 
 21 : 4. and the plowing of the wicked 
 
 is sin. 
 6. a vanity tossed to and fro of 
 
 them that seek death 
 9. in a wide house, (and so xxv. 
 
 24) 
 
 12. The righteous man wisely con- 
 sidereth the house of the 
 wicked : but God overthrow- 
 eth the wicked for their 
 wickedness. 
 
 27. how much more, when he 
 
 bringeth it 
 22: 4. By humility and the fear of 
 
 the Lord, are riches, 
 14. of strange women 
 29. Seest thou, &c. ? he shall stand 
 before kings; he shall not 
 stand before mean men 
 
 23: 1. what is before thee ; 
 
 5. Wilt thou set thine eyes upon 
 
 that which is not ? 
 29. babbling ? 
 
 they are only pursuing' him 
 
 with words 
 covereth (i. e. disguiseth) 
 
 iniquity 
 
 shall he seek (or, require) 
 TJ will call a man his kind friend 
 
 He who revileth, &c., he puts 
 
 out his lamp 
 who swallows down (saying) 
 
 holy; k 
 winnoweth the wicked and 
 
 brings again 1 
 The gathering of a wound, 
 
 &c., so do plagues, &c. m 
 are the plowing of the wicked 
 
 to sin" 
 seeking death for a vapour 
 
 blown about 
 a well joined (i. e. a strong) 
 
 house 
 When the righteous attends 
 
 (i. e. visits) the house of 
 
 the wicked, he perverts the 
 
 wicked to evil 
 
 for he even bringeth it 
 
 The consequence of humility is 
 fear of the Lord, and riches 
 TJ of strange things 1 ' 
 Hast thou observed, &c.? 
 who can stand before kings; 
 yet cannot stand before 
 obscure persons 
 rjwho is before thee 
 Wilt thou glance thine eyes 
 
 upon it ? and it is gone 
 complaint ? 
 
 1 Thus agreeable to the keree (the reading). They reproach him with the 
 mismanagement of his affairs. 
 
 k One who rashly voweth, and not until after he makes the vow inquires 
 whether he is able to perform it. 
 
 1 According to the process of winnowing in the east. 
 
 m Mental trouble cleanses the inward part if morally unsound. 
 
 n These are the commencements of sin. 
 
 His visiting the wicked makes it appear as if he countenanced them, and 
 causes others to follow them. 
 
 P Speaking deceptions and lies. Comp. xxiii. 33.
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 43 
 
 23 : 33. strange women, 
 
 24: 5. A wise man is strong; yea, a 
 
 man of knowledge increaseth 
 
 strength. 
 
 22. their calamity, &c. ; the ruin 
 
 of them both? 
 
 23. These things also belong to 
 
 the wise. 
 28. Be not a witness against thy 
 
 neighbour without a cause ; 
 
 and deceive not with thy 
 
 lips. 
 25 : 7. the prince whom thine eyes 
 
 have seen. 
 10. and thine infamy turn not 
 
 away. 
 27. so for men to search their own 
 
 glory is not glory. 
 
 26 : 4. Answer not a fool according to 
 his folly, &c. (verse 5) An- 
 swer a fool according to his 
 folly, 
 
 18. As a madman, who casteth 
 fire-brands, 
 
 20. no tale-bearer, 
 27: 6. deceitful. 
 
 10. neither go into 
 
 21 . so is a man to his praise. 
 
 22. among wheat 
 28: 15. a ranging bear ; 
 
 strange things' 1 
 
 A wise man prevaileth over 
 the mighty, and a man ot 
 knowledge over the power- 
 ful 
 
 The calamity from them, 
 (from God and the king) 
 the ruin from them ? 
 
 These also of the wise r 
 
 Be not a gratuitous witness 
 to thy fellow, that thou 
 mightest persuade him with 
 thy lips s 
 
 a nobleman; which thine 
 eyes have seen* 
 
 and thy calumny cannot re- 
 turn, i. e. cannot be unsaid 
 
 so the inquiry about their 
 (men's) honour is an 
 honour" 
 
 rj Answer not a fool in his 
 foolish way, &c. (verse 5.) 
 Answer (i. e. confute) a 
 fool according to his folly 
 (i. e. as he deserveth) 
 )jAs one pretending to be 
 weary, throweth flames 
 about Azm w 
 
 no contentious person 
 
 excessive (or, vaporous) 
 rjthen shalt thou have no need 
 to go into 
 
 so is a man according to his 
 praise x 
 
 among bruised straw (or, 
 bran) 
 
 a longing (i. e. greedy) bear 
 
 q One who is inebriated does not see things as they really are. 
 
 r The following instructions were collected and added to the Proverbs of 
 Solomon : yet the authors of them are not known 
 
 s Not by way of flattery to express uncalled for an approval of the doings 
 and sayings of another. 
 
 1 Thou must already have perceived how the inferior is treated in the 
 presence of his superior. 
 
 u To make distinctions in giving honour to people is an honour. 
 
 w He does so for relaxation only, and thus for a pastime endangers those 
 round him. 
 
 x His qualities are known by what he praises.
 
 44 
 
 PROVERBS. 
 
 28:17. A man that doth violence to 
 &c. ; let no man stay him. 
 
 29: 10. seek his soul. 
 16. are multiplied, 
 
 18. the people perish: 
 
 30: 1. the prophecy: (and so xxxi. 1) 
 
 3. nor have the knowledge of the 
 holy. 
 
 10. and thou be found guilty. 
 
 19. with a maid. 
 
 31: 8. such as are appointed to de- 
 struction. 
 
 11. spoil. 
 
 25. and she shall rejoice in time 
 to come. 
 
 A man that is oppressed (i. e. 
 loaded) &c. though no man 
 layeth hold of him 
 Tjseek him (or, his pleasure) 
 i) are in authority (as ver. 2.) 
 the people become loose (i. e. 
 
 disordered) 
 the weighty saying (i. e. the 
 
 admonishing) 
 
 that I should have the know- 
 ledge of the holy 
 r/then it will be thine own 
 
 fault 
 
 with a young woman 
 (lit.) they (or, the children 
 of them) who are passing 
 away. (See Lex. *)bn) 
 gain 
 
 rjand she shall laugh to meet 
 the future 
 
 ECCLESIASTES. 
 
 1: 1, 2, 12. the preacher, 
 
 7. from whence the rivers come, 
 thither they return again. 
 
 10. Is there any thing whereof it 
 may be said, See, this is 
 new ? it hath, &c. 
 
 14. vexation of spirit. 
 
 16. 1 am come to great estate, and 
 have gotten more wisdom 
 than all, &c. in Jerusalem ; 
 2: 8. musical instruments, &c. 
 
 9. wisdom remained with me. 
 
 16. that which now is, in the days 
 to come 
 
 (lit.') the collector of ivise 
 
 sayings (or, the assembler; 
 
 (i. e. one who speaks in an 
 
 assembly) 
 whither the rivers go, thither 
 
 they will keep on going 
 Some time there is a thing 
 
 whereof it is said, See, this 
 
 is new ; but it hath, &c. 
 a windy endeavour 3 
 I have increased and added 
 
 wisdom more than all, &c., 
 
 over Jerusalem ; 
 a woman and women (i. c. 
 
 many of them b ) 
 my wisdom stood by me (i.e. 
 
 assisted me) 
 (lit.) in which long while of 
 
 the days to come (i. e. after 
 
 the lapse of many days) 
 
 a And so all through this book where the expression PIT) m3?"], vexation of 
 spirit, occurs. 
 
 b A woman may be called mtP, either from TE7 a breast (comp. Judg. v. 30. 
 D\nEm OH") a damsel or two), or from T127 to take forcibly ; it being 
 customary in the east to take females by force for the haram of the prince.
 
 ECCLESIASTES. 
 
 45 
 
 2:22. and of the vexation 
 25. can hasten hereunto 
 3 : 1 1 . so that no man can find out 
 the work that God maketh 
 
 15. That which hath been is now; 
 and that which is to be hath 
 already been: and God re- 
 quireth that which is past. 
 
 18. concerning the estate of the 
 sons of men, that God might 
 manifest them, and that 
 they might see that they 
 themselves are beasts. 
 
 4:14. For out of prison he cometh 
 to reign ; whereas also he 
 that is born in his kingdom 
 becometh poor 
 
 16. There is no end of all the 
 people, even of all that have 
 been before them: 
 
 5: 3. through the multitude of bu- 
 siness ; 
 
 6. before the angel, 
 
 7. and many words there are also 
 
 divers vanities : but fear thou 
 God. 
 
 8. for he that is higher than the 
 
 highest regardeth ; 
 
 9. Moreover, the profit of the 
 
 earth is for all: the king 
 himself is served by the 
 field. 
 
 and of the thought 
 
 can feel (or, enjoy) 
 
 so that without man should 
 not meet with (i. e. ac- 
 complish) the deed which 
 God had done (or, deter- 
 mined ) 
 
 As that which is long passed 
 hath been ; so sure is also 
 that which is to be, as if it 
 had been already, for God 
 seeketh that which is fol- 
 lowed d 
 
 TJ concerning the talk of the 
 sons of men, that God hath 
 selected th em from all other 
 living creatures ; but observ- 
 ing that they are but beasts 
 when left to themselves 
 
 if even he e should come to 
 reign out of prison ; for he 
 (the old king) in his reign 
 is likewise born poor 
 TJ There is no end to all the 
 people of all that is before 
 them f 
 
 through the multitude of ima- 
 ginations 
 TJ before the messenger 5 
 
 and vanities and many words, 
 only fear God 
 
 for there is a high one regard- 
 ing over the high one 
 (comp. the following verse) 
 
 But the ad vantage of a country 
 is in the whole ; for even a 
 king over a field is served 
 by others h 
 
 c All the actions of man are calculated, even unintentionally to the party, to 
 accomplish the ultimate object of God. 
 
 d Followed by what succeeds it. God purposes the course of things how to 
 follow each other. 
 
 e Referring to the poor child of the preceding verse. 
 
 f May mean, that there seems to all the people no end of the present reign ; 
 their heart being with the second child (mentioned before), i. e. they await the 
 new reign with impatience ; but their posterity will also get tired of the new 
 reign. 
 
 8 He who is sent to demand what was vowed. 
 
 h Human justice cannot be perfect in all particulars ; since even a king over
 
 46 
 
 ECCLESIASTES. 
 
 5:10. nor he that loveth abundance 
 with increase 
 
 20. For, he shall not much remem- 
 ber the days of his life; 
 because God answereth him 
 in 
 6: 1. it is common among men: 
 
 3. so that the days of his years be 
 
 many, 
 4&5. he 
 8. what hath the poor, that know- 
 
 eth to walk before the living? 
 
 10. That which hath been is named 
 already, and it is known that 
 it is man : 
 
 12. which he spendeth as a shadow ? 
 
 7: 16. destroy thyself? 
 
 18. shall come forth of them all. 
 
 24. That which is far off, 
 
 25. and the reason of things, 
 
 8: 6. therefore the misery 
 
 8. the spirit, 
 
 9: 7. God now accepteth 
 10 : 1 . to send forth a stinking savour : 
 
 11. Surely the serpent will bite 
 without enchantment ; and 
 a babbler is no better. 
 
 14. a man cannot tell what shall 
 be ; and what shall be after 
 him, who can tell him ? 
 
 and he that loveth multitudes 
 of dependants hath no in- 
 crease 
 
 For he bears in mind that the 
 days of his life are not 
 many; yet God assents to 1 
 
 it is great (i. e. it lies heavy) 
 
 upon men 
 
 Tjand there be plenty in the 
 days of his years 
 
 it (the untimely birth) 
 
 what benefit is it to the know- 
 ing (i. e. wise) poor, when 
 he hath to walk against 
 (i. e. struggle during) life 
 
 He who exists, his name has 
 already been proclaimed ; 
 and it was known what the 
 man shall be k 
 
 rjthat he shall make them (the 
 present enjoyments) as a 
 shade, (i. e. a shelter) 
 
 be confounded ? 
 
 goeth through all of them (i. e. 
 takes the medium) 
 
 What hath been is distant 
 
 and calculations (or, agree- 
 ments) 
 
 for the misery 
 
 the wind (or, air) 
 
 God hath already accepted 
 
 to stink and bubble up (i. e. 
 ferment) 
 
 If the serpent should once 
 bite then there is no use of 
 enchantment ; and no ad- 
 vantage in the talker (i. e. 
 the conjurer) 
 
 ?) that man (the fool) knoweth 
 not what will be ; nor even 
 what is behind his back; 
 who will tell it him ? 
 
 a field (i. e. a landlord) not being able to overlook all must depend on others, 
 how much more a king over a mighty nation ; but the advantage of one 
 country over another may be perceived in its general administration. 
 
 1 For it is God who gave it him. 
 
 k Since the fate of every one hath been predetermined, it is of no use to
 
 ECCLESIASTES. 
 
 47 
 
 11 
 12 
 
 : 5. what is the way of the spirit, 
 : 9. he gave good head, 
 
 10. and that which was written was 
 
 upright, even words of truth 
 
 1 1. by the master of assemblies, 
 
 12. And further, by these, my son, 
 
 be admonished : 
 
 which way the wind will blow 
 
 he weighed 
 
 and the words of truth pro- 
 perly written 
 
 are the words of the collectors 
 of writing (i.e. the authors) 
 
 And more than these instruc- 
 tions, my son, take care 
 
 SOLOMON'S SONG. 
 
 1 : 9. to a company of horses 
 
 10. chains of gold. 
 
 11. borders 
 
 12. While the king sitteth 
 
 1 3. he shall lie all night betwixt 
 
 my breasts. 
 
 1 4. camphire 
 
 2: 7. till he pleases, (and so iii. 5 
 and viii. 4) 
 
 13. putteth forth 
 
 17. until the day break, (and so 
 
 iv. 6) 
 
 3:10. the bottom, &c., the covering 
 of it 
 
 4 : 2. that are even shorn, 
 
 5 : 13. sweet flowers ; 
 
 14. rings 
 
 6: 12. Or ever I was aware, my soul 
 made me like the chariots 
 of Amminadib. 
 
 13. As it were a company of two 
 armies. 
 
 7 : 5. the king is held in the galleries. 
 
 to a mare 
 
 (lit.) strings well matched, 
 
 rows 
 
 unto the place where the king 
 
 sitteth 
 which is constantly betwixt 
 
 my breasts a 
 r/alhenna 
 till it (the love) pleases 
 
 balms (i. e. gives a flavour) 
 until the day cools (towards 
 
 evening) 
 the spreading out (i.e. the top 
 
 or canopy) &c. the seat 
 
 thereof 
 that are put in divisions (i. e. 
 
 in rows) 
 
 towers of perfumes b 
 rollers 
 I knew not that my soul hath 
 
 made me the chariots of 
 
 my noble people 
 As the dance of two armies 
 
 tjsuch as the king is bound 
 with windings' 1 
 
 a The myrrh which the females used to wear betwixt their breast, was never 
 removed except at night. 
 
 b Probably spice boxes in the shape of a tower or goblet. 
 
 c According to Mendelssohn, this, together with the preceding verse, being 
 the response of ber who having been compared to an army with banners, ex- 
 claims now, " I never expected that my soul (i. e. my beloved) would have 
 set me up as a chariot (i.e. the head, comp. C Z Kings ii. 12.) of my noble 
 people. 
 
 d Referring to the purple which was bound either round the turban of the 
 king, or round his head as a fillet, which anciently served for the crown.
 
 48 
 
 SOLOMON'S SONG. 
 
 8: 2. who would instruct me : 
 6. Jealousy is cruel 
 
 thou wouldest then instruct me 
 zeal is hard (i. e. strong) 
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 1 : 5. Why should ye be stricken any 
 more? ye will revolt more 
 and more. 
 
 13.1 cannot away with: it is 
 iniquity, even the solemn 
 meeting. 
 
 18. Though your sins be as scarlet, 
 
 they shall be as white as 
 snow; though they be, &c., 
 they shall be as wool. 
 2 : 4. shall rebuke 
 
 9. forgive them not. 
 20. a man shall cast his idols, &c., 
 which they made, &c. to 
 worship, to the moles, 
 
 3 : 2. and the prudent, 
 
 3. the cunning artificer, and the 
 eloquent orator. 
 
 6. this ruin 
 
 7. an healer ; 
 
 8. is ruined, 
 
 16. and wanton eyes, &c. and 
 making a tinkling with their 
 feet: 
 
 19. chains, 
 
 22. crisping-pins, 
 
 23. The glasses, 
 
 24. a stomacher 
 
 4: 2. the fruit of the earth 
 5: 5. And now go to ; 
 7. oppression ; 
 
 ?} Whereon (i. e. on what part 
 of the body) shall ye yet 
 be smitten ? when ye still 
 increase revolt. 
 I cannot bear iniquity and 
 solemn meeting together 
 
 TJ if your sins be as scarlet shall 
 they be as white as snow ? 
 if they be, &c. shall they 
 be as wool? 
 
 7j shall demonstrate (or, decide) 
 thou wilt not forgive them 
 a man shall cast away his 
 idols, &c. which they made 
 &c. to bow down to the 
 moles 3 
 
 and the diviner 
 rjthe skilful in secret arts, and 
 the skilled in mystic speech 
 (or, in charming serpents) 
 this stumbling 
 rj a restrainer (i. e. a ruler) 
 has stumbled 
 
 and winking with the eyes, &c. 
 and on their feet they bind b 
 
 (lit.) drops c 
 Tjbags (i.e. purses) 
 rj The transparent garments (as 
 gauze) 
 
 a girdle (or, roller) of fine linen 
 rjthe fruit of the land d 
 
 well, now 
 
 (lit.) adherence 6 
 
 a They worshipped idols in the forms of moles and bats. 
 
 b Referring to the ornamental chains (mentioned in verse 18) which were 
 worn by women on their feet, and wherewith they made a tinkling noise to 
 attract the attention of the other sex. 
 
 c Perhaps drops of balsam worn in some ornament ; or, as according to 
 some, pearls, which in Arabic are called drops, from their shape. 
 
 d One born in the land, as the branch or sprout said before. 
 
 e An agreement between the judge and the guilty party. Or it may mean, 
 an accumulation of crime.
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 49 
 
 5: 18. and sin as it were with a cart- 
 rope : 
 
 6: 9. but understand not, &c. ; but 
 perceive not. 
 
 7: 8. be broken, 
 
 14. a virgin shall conceive, and 
 
 bear 
 
 15. that he may know 
 8: 2. And I took 
 
 8. of thy land, O Immanuel. 
 
 18. and for wonders 
 
 20. To the law and to the testi- 
 mony: if they speak not, 
 &c., it is because there is no 
 light in them. 
 
 22. dimness 
 
 9: 1. Nevertheless the dimness shall 
 not be such as was in her 
 vexation, when at the first 
 he lightly afflicted the land, 
 &c., and afterward did more 
 grievously afflict her by the 
 way 
 
 6. and his name shall be called 
 Wonderful, Counsellor, &c. 
 The Prince of Peace. 
 
 11. and join 
 
 1 9. the people shall be 
 
 10: 4. Without me they shall bow 
 down under the prisoners, 
 and they shall fall under the 
 slain. 
 
 13. the inhabitants like a valiant 
 man: 
 
 18. as when a standard-bearer 
 fainteth. 
 
 24. after the manner of Egypt. 
 
 (And so verse 26) 
 
 25. in their destruction. 
 
 11:14. upon the shoulders of the 
 Philistines 
 
 and sin afterwards becomes like 
 a cart rope f 
 
 but you will not understand, 
 
 &c. but you will not perceive 
 
 jj descend (i.e. sink: from rim) 
 
 the young woman is with child, 
 and bears 
 
 when (as soon as) he will know 
 TJ And I will take 
 
 of thy land; yet God is with us s 
 
 and for proofs 
 
 rjBy the law and testimony / 
 declare, whether they will 
 not say, &c. ; wherein there 
 is no light 
 
 faintness 
 
 For there will be no faintness 
 to those that afflict her: in 
 the former time he (the 
 enemy) did it lightly, the 
 land, &c. ; but in the latter 
 he did it grievously; even 
 the way 
 
 rj and the wonderful counsellor, 
 &c. called his name Prince 
 of Peace 
 rj j stir up 
 
 the people have become 
 
 Where they never reposed, in 
 that place shall they be pri- 
 soners, and in that place 
 shall they be slain 
 
 many inhabitants 
 
 rj as what is wasted away by the 
 
 worm (i. e. worm-dust) 
 in the way of Egypt, h 
 
 for their corruption 
 with owe shoulder (comp. 
 to the Philistines 
 
 f Though at its commencement it is but a cord of vanity, i. e. like a cobweb, 
 yet it so continues to increase that it at last becomes like a cart-rope. 
 
 s Referring to Jerusalem, which was saved whilst the country was invaded 
 by the enemy. 
 
 h The Assyrian lifted up his stick against Judah when on his way to Egypt ; 
 and God in return lifted up his stick against him when on his (the Assyrian's) 
 way from Egypt. Comp. '2 Kings xviii. 14.
 
 50 
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 13:22. the wild beasts 
 14: 9. the dead 
 
 21. nor fill the face 
 with cities. 
 
 of the world 
 
 22. and nephew, 
 
 30. the firstborn of the poor 
 15: 4. his life shall be grievous unto 
 
 him. 
 16: 1. from Sela to the wilderness, 
 
 6. but his lies shall not be so. 
 
 7. surely they are stricken. 
 18: 1. Woe to the land shadowing 
 
 3. when he lifteth up, &c. and 
 
 when he bloweth 
 19: 6. shall be emptied 
 10. and ponds for fish. 
 
 is become brutish: 
 shall serve with the 
 desert of the sea. 
 of men, 
 
 11. 
 23. 
 
 21 : ' I . 
 9. 
 
 14. they prevented, &c. him 
 
 22:14. in mine ears by the Lord of 
 
 hosts, 
 
 17. will surely cover thee. 
 23:13. for them that dwell in the 
 
 wilderness: 
 25 : 5. the branch 
 
 8. He will swallow up death in 
 
 victory ; 
 
 11. together with the spoils of 
 their hands. 
 
 the vultures 
 rjthe giants 
 nor fill the face of the world 
 
 with enemies; (or, and let 
 
 the face of the world be 
 
 filled with cities 1 ) 
 jand grandson 
 rjthe chiefs of the poor k 
 il his soul shall cry aloud to him 
 
 (i. e. within him) 
 rjfrom the rock toward (or, 
 
 which is in) the wilderness 
 Tiand his lyings (or, boasts) are 
 
 untrue 
 
 nothing but humiliation 
 TJ Ha ! land shadowing 
 Tjas if lifting up, &c. and as if 
 
 blowing 
 
 (lit.) shall be brought low 
 TJ will be sad of spirit Qg3S for 
 
 is become empty (i. e. vain) 
 rj shall serve the 
 TJ desert in the west 1 
 
 of (or, with) a man 
 
 they came (or, come ye) for- 
 ward, &c. for him 
 
 in mine ears: I the Lord of 
 
 hosts'" 
 
 7j will surely frighten thee away 
 rjfor ships 
 
 the song (or, shouting) 
 
 He will swallow up death for 
 
 ever" 
 (lit.) with the lying in wait 
 
 (i. e. with the sudden gripe) 
 
 of his hands 
 
 1 Either of these renderings corresponds better with verse 17> than the re- 
 ceived translation. 
 
 k They that were esteemed as the lowest of the low (i. e. Israel). 
 
 I Babylon, which is west of Persia and Media, is divided from them by a desert. 
 111 Their sayings (as before related) are not concealed from me, who am the 
 
 Lord of Hosts. 
 
 II But Eben-Ezra, considering this prophecy to refer to the Assyrians, when 
 at the gates of Jerusalem, renders this, death will swallow them up for ever. 
 
 Some think mmS means (as similarly in Arab.) fore-fingers, and accord- 
 ingly render it, together with the fore-fingers of his hands, i. e. the fingers 
 which they scornfully raised, and with which they pointed at Israel.
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 51 
 
 26 : 1 1 . for their envy at the people ; 
 yea, the fire of thine enemies 
 shall devour them. 
 12. all our works in us. 
 1 5. Thou hast increased the nation, 
 &c. : thou hadst removed it 
 far 
 
 1 8. we have not wrought any de- 
 
 liverance 
 
 1 9. together with my dead body 
 
 shall they arise. 
 27 : 3. lest any hurt it, 
 
 6. He shall cause them that come 
 
 out of Jacob to take root : 
 8. when it shooteth forth, &c. he 
 
 stayeth his rough wind 
 
 10. Yet the defended city shall be 
 desolate, &c. there shall the 
 calf feed, and there shall he 
 lie down, and consume (ver. 
 11). When the boughs 
 thereof are withered, they 
 shall be broken off: 
 28: 1. of the fat valleys of them that 
 
 are 
 
 4. And the glorious beauty which 
 is on the head of the fat 
 valley, shall be a fading 
 flower, and as the hasty fruit 
 
 14. that rule 
 19. a vexation 
 22. a consumption, 
 
 25. the principal wheat 
 
 26. For his God doth instruct him 
 
 to discretion, and doth teach 
 him. 
 28. with his horsemen : 
 
 at thy zeal for thy people ; yea, 
 the fire shall devour thine 
 enemies p 
 
 for all our works to us q 
 TjrjThou hast collected the na- 
 tion, &c. thou hast made it 
 (thy glory) spread far off 
 
 deliverance is not wrought 
 
 even my dead body/ let them 
 
 arise 
 Tjlest one shall miss its leaves 5 
 
 (lit.) The coming,* Jacob shall 
 take root 
 
 in sending her away (into cap- 
 tivity) &c. when he roars (or 
 removes them) with his 
 rough wind 
 
 For" the defended city is de- 
 solate, &c. there the calf is 
 feeding, and there it lieth 
 down and consutneth (verse 
 11). Whilst the boughs are 
 drying they are broken off 
 
 of the fat valleys ; they that 
 
 are 
 
 And the fading flower whilst 
 in its glorious beauty, which 
 is on the head of the fat val- 
 ley, shall be as the hasty 
 fruit 
 
 r/that speak in parables 
 an agitation (or) terror 
 that it is complete 
 TI wheat with proportion (i. e. 
 
 regular) 
 
 Thus he chastises him with 
 judgment, him whom his 
 God instructs 
 T with its teeth w 
 
 P Thus according to the accents ; though with the pronoun them redundant, 
 as in Ex. ii. 6. lnH~im and she saw it, the child. 
 
 q Thou hast already requited us for all our evil doings. 
 
 r Speaking of the nation, in the singular. 
 
 8 That its leaves may not fall off. 
 
 ' This may mean either, in time to come, or, they who will return from cap- 
 tivity. 
 
 u Now, whilst in an unpurged state.. 
 
 w The teeth of the threshing instruments,
 
 52 
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 29 : 9. cry ye out, 
 
 30 : 6. The burden of the beasts 
 
 1 4. And he shall break it, &c. ; he 
 
 shall not spare : 
 
 15. In returning 
 
 20. be removed into a corner 
 32: 12. lament for the teats, 
 
 33:21. the glorious Lord will be unto 
 
 us a place 
 38: 12. mine age is departed, 
 
 14. mine eyes fail with looking 
 
 upward : 
 
 1*6. by these things men live, and 
 in all these things is the life 
 of my spirit: so wilt thou 
 recover me, 
 
 40 : 3. The voice of him that crieth 
 in the wilderness, Prepare 
 ye the way of the Lord. 
 4. and the rough places 
 11. those that are with young. 
 
 26. by names by the greatness of 
 
 his might, for that he is 
 strong in power; not one 
 faileth. 
 
 31. they shall mount up with wings 
 
 41 : 2. Who raised up the righteous 
 man from the east, called 
 him to his foot, 
 
 27. The first shall say to Zion, 
 42 : 13. he shall stir up jealousy 
 
 14. 1 have been still, and refrained 
 myself: now I will cry like 
 a travailing woman ; I will 
 destroy 
 
 19. as my messenger that I sent. 
 
 rj look about you 
 A load they lay on the beasts 
 The breaking of which is, &c. 
 
 and one doth not spare it 
 rjln sitting still 
 rjbe covered (i. e. invisible) 
 TJ lament on the breasts (i. e. 
 
 beat the breasts) 
 the Lord will be glorious 
 
 unto us, in the place 
 my generation is depai'ted 
 mine eyes lifted themselves up 
 to heaven (as in the way of 
 supplication) 
 
 n T) shall they (men) live for 
 them ? shall the keeping 
 alive of my soul be for all 
 of them ? x but thou dost 
 recover me 
 
 A voice calleth, Prepare ye 
 in the wilderness a way for 
 for the Lord 
 and the elevations 
 n young ones 
 
 by names ; from him who is 
 great of might, and strong 
 in power, not one faileth 
 (i.e. none is concealed from 
 him) 
 they shall bring up (i. e. get) 
 
 new wings 
 
 Who raised up him whom 
 
 righteousness (or, salvation) 
 
 met at his foot (i.e. at every 
 
 step) 
 
 / am the first who says to 
 
 Zion 
 icho rouses himself with 
 
 jealousy 
 
 shall I always be still, and re- 
 frain myself? groan like a 
 travailing woman ? No, I 
 will destroy 
 
 as he to lohom I send my mes- 
 senger y 
 
 x Is it worth while that men should live merely for all the troubles they are 
 exposed to whilst on earth ? and for all of them (the troubles) was it worth 
 while to keep me alive ? 
 
 y The dative is supplied, by which this phrase well corresponds with the pre- 
 ceding, which refers to Israel.
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 53 
 
 43: 12. when there was no strange God 
 
 among you : 
 27. thy teachers 
 
 45: 9. Let the potsherd strive with 
 the potsherds of the earth. 
 1 1 . Ask me of things to come con- 
 cerning my sons, and con- 
 cerning the work of my 
 hands command ye me. 
 
 20. that set up the wood 
 
 24. Surely, shall one say, In the 
 
 46: 
 
 Lord have I righteousness 
 
 47: 
 
 1. your carriages were heavy 
 
 loaden ; 
 
 8. and shew yourselves men : 
 3. and I will not meet thee as 
 
 a man. 
 
 1 1 . from whence it riseth : 
 49: 6. the preserved 
 
 7. to him whom man despiseth, 
 
 &c. and he shall choose thee. 
 
 20. The children which thou shalt 
 
 have, after thou hast lost the 
 
 other, 
 
 50: 11. that compass yourselves about 
 
 with sparks: 
 
 51:15. that divided the sea, 
 52 : 3. ye have sold yourselves 
 5. make them to howl, 
 
 8. Thy watchmen shall lift up, &c. 
 
 with the voice together shall 
 
 they sing: 
 1 1 . go ye out from thence, touch 
 
 no unclean thing ; 
 15. So shall he sprinkle 
 
 53: 3. acquainted with grief: 
 
 5. for our transgressions, &c. for 
 
 our iniquities : 
 
 8. for the transgression of my 
 people 
 
 and there was (or, is) no 
 stranger among you 2 
 
 thine advocates 
 
 a potsherd of the potsherds of 
 the earth ; 
 
 Ask me of things to come ; 
 but will ye command me 
 concerning my sons, and 
 concerning the work of my 
 hands ? 
 
 that carry about the wood 
 
 Only in the Lord, he aa said 
 unto me, is righteousness 
 
 they are loaded with your 
 burden 
 
 and be firm 
 
 and I will not meet a man bb 
 
 (lit.) to search it out 
 rjthe inclosed (i. e. surrounded) 
 to the despised soul, &c. and 
 
 he hath chosen thee 
 The children lost by thee 
 
 that throw about sparks (see 
 
 Lex. -NH) 
 that calms the sea 
 ye were sold 
 rj boast (from bbn) 
 Hark ! the voice of the watch- 
 men ; they lift up their 
 voice, they shout all together 
 rjgo ye out from thence you 
 
 unclean, touch nothing 
 TI So shall he cause to leap (as 
 
 with astonishment) 
 familiar with sickness 
 from our transgressions, &c. 
 
 from our iniquities 
 jj from the transgression of the 
 nations cc 
 
 z It was foretold to you alone, or, there is not now a stranger among you 
 who might not have heard it. 
 
 aa God has thus declared it unto me. 
 
 bb None shall stand in my way to prevent me, or, I will not entreat any one 
 to do it for me. 
 
 cc "'ES may stand for B S E37 as in 2 Kings xi. 4. i-OPT for D"nDn.
 
 54 
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 53: 9. And he made his grave with 
 the wicked, and with the 
 rich in his death ; because 
 he had done no violence, 
 
 54: 6. when thou wast refused, 
 56: 5. a place 
 
 57: 4. Against whom do ye sport 
 yourselves ? 
 
 8. discovered thyself to another 
 
 than me, 
 
 9. thou wentest to the king 
 
 10. in the greatness of thy way: 
 
 15. One that inhabiteth eternity, 
 
 whose name is Holy ; 
 19. 1 create the fruit of the lips ; 
 
 58: 3. in the day of your fast you find 
 pleasure, and exact all your 
 labours. 
 
 5. that I have chosen ? 
 9. speaking vanity ; 
 
 1 1 . and make fat thy bones : 
 
 59: 8. shall not know 
 
 10. ice are in desolate places 
 
 15. maketh himself a prey: 
 
 ] 6. aad wondered, 
 60 : 5. and flow together, 
 61 : 8. 1 will direct their work 
 63: 18. The people of thy holiness 
 19. We are thine : thou never 
 barest rule over them ; they 
 were not called 
 
 64: 2. As when the melting fire 
 burneth, the fire causeth the 
 waters to boil, 
 
 5. in those is continuance, and we 
 shall be saved. 
 
 And he gave to ja the wicked 
 his grave, and to the rich 
 (5. e. powerful) in his deaths 
 (or, his tombs) ; though 
 he had done no violence 
 
 when she was once refused 
 
 a hand (comp. 1 Sam. xv. 12). 
 
 About (or, in) whom do ye 
 delight ? 
 
 taken away the cover from me 
 
 thou presentedst the king 
 in the multitude (i. e. in the 
 
 variety) of thy ways 
 whose name is the eternally 
 
 abiding, and Holy One 
 The creator of the fruit of 
 
 the lips will have proclaimed 
 ijon the day of your fast you 
 
 seek to find your desire, and 
 
 press all your grieved (i. e. 
 
 debtors) 
 
 that I shall choose it? 
 speaking wrong (i.e. calumny) 
 and thy bones he will arm (i.e. 
 
 strengthen) 
 does not know 
 Tjamong the fat ones (i. e. the 
 
 robust) ive are 
 is considered deprived of his 
 
 senses 
 
 and was amazed (and so Ixiii. 5) 
 and thou shalt be lightened 
 I will give their reward 
 thy holy people 
 We have become as if thou 
 
 didst never rule overthem; ee 
 
 as if they had never been 
 
 called 
 Like dissolvables (i.e. metals) 
 
 in a flame of fire, like 
 
 waters boiling by the fire 
 yet always through them that 
 
 we were saved 
 
 dd He gave himself up to his persecutors to be put to death. HS stands in 
 the place of bs, as Lev. xiii. 49. }5"On HW for ]fDn bs unto the priest. 
 cc Over Israel. The prophet changes persons here as in many other instances.
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 65 : I.I am sought of them 
 4. in the monuments, 
 
 1 1 . for that troop, &c. unto that 
 
 number. 
 
 66: 3. He that killeth an ox, as if he 
 slew a man ; he that sacri- 
 fices a lamb, as if he cut off 
 a dog's neck ; he that offereth 
 an oblation, as if he of- 
 fered swine's blood ; he that 
 burneth incense, as if he 
 blessed an idol. 
 
 4. their delusions, 
 
 5. Your brethren that hated you, 
 
 that cast you out for my 
 name's sake, said, Let the 
 Lord be glorified: but he 
 shall 
 
 8. Shall the earth be made to 
 bring forth 
 
 22. For as the new heavens and 
 
 the new earth, which I will 
 make, shall remain before 
 me, 
 
 23. from one new moon to another, 
 
 and from one sabbath to 
 another, 
 
 I grant the request of them 
 (lit.) among the concealed 
 
 (or, inclosed) 
 for Gad and for Meni ff 
 
 Killing an ox here, slaying a 
 man there; sacrificing a 
 a lamb here, breaking the 
 neck of a dog there ; offer- 
 ing an oblation here, swine's 
 blood there; burning in- 
 cense here, blessing the idol 
 there ; 
 
 their scornful actions 
 rjYour brethren declared, they 
 are your enemies; they 
 cast you out for my name's 
 sake ; but the Lord shall 
 be glorified, and shall 
 
 Shall a land be brought forth 
 
 For as the heavens which are 
 always new and the earth 
 which is always new, as I 
 made them, remain always 
 before me 
 
 according to the frequency of 
 the month, and according 
 to the frequency of the 
 sabbath 
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 1 : 6. a child. 
 
 2: 10. if there be such a thing. 
 
 25. There is no hope: 
 
 31 . We are lords ; 
 
 34. 1 have not found it by secret 
 search, but upon all these. 
 
 36. Why gaddest 
 much 
 
 thou about so 
 
 a lad (or, young man) 
 if there ever was such a thing 
 despairing (or, despairingly) 
 rjWe are sunk low 
 not for having found them 
 digging through (i. e. in 
 the act of burglary), but 
 for all these new loves* 
 i) How very vile art thou 
 
 ff See note in Gen. xxx. 11, and Lex. >2E. 
 
 a For the indulgence in (or, to please) the new loves you did shed the inno- 
 cent blood. But Kimchi thinks it best to connect this last phrase of 34 with 
 35 : thus, yet for all these crimes thou sayest I am innocent.
 
 56 
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 3 : 1 . They say, &c. ? yet return 
 
 again to me, 
 
 19. But I said, How shall I put 
 thee among the children, 
 and give thee 
 
 4: 1. then shalt thou not remove, 
 (verse 2) And thou shalt 
 swear, &c. and the nations 
 shall bless 
 3. Break up your fallow ground, 
 
 7. be laid waste, 
 14. vain thoughts 
 
 18. this is thy wickedness, because, 
 
 &c., because 
 5: 10. her battlements; 
 
 1 7. which thy sons and thy daughters 
 
 should eat: 
 
 28. they overpass the deeds of the 
 wicked, &c. : yet they pros- 
 per; 
 
 6 : 1 . a sign of fire 
 7:18. cakes 
 
 23. that I have commanded you, 
 27. Therefore thou shalt speak 
 32. till there be no place. 
 
 8 : 4. shall he turn away, and not 
 return ? 
 
 5. this people of Jerusalem 
 
 19. because of them that dwell in 
 
 a far country: 
 9 : 8. an arrow shot out ; 
 
 22. the handful 
 10: 5. They are upright 
 9 and 14. founder: 
 14 and 21. brutish (and so li. 17) 
 19. T said, Truly this is a grief, and 
 
 1 must bear it. 
 
 21. they shall not prosper, and all 
 their flocks shall be scat- 
 tered. 
 
 Saying, b &c ? and thou re- 
 turn est unto me 
 jj And I was thinking long ago, 
 How I shall appoint thee 
 among the children, and I 
 gave thee 
 
 and wander no more from 
 
 the way (verse 2) And thou 
 
 wilt swear, &c. ; then shall 
 
 the nations bless 
 
 (lit.) Plough to yourselves a 
 
 ploughing 
 rj be burned 
 n wicked thoughts 
 ?j this is thy misfortune, that, 
 
 &c. that 
 
 (lit.) her branches 
 they shall consume thy sons 
 
 and thy daughters 
 they pass over all wicked 
 matters, &c. ; that they 
 might prosper 
 jja post (or) flag 
 (lit.) prepared ones (or) forms 
 that I shall command you 
 Thou also wilt speak 
 for want of room (and so xix. 
 
 11) 
 
 rj shall he (Israel) wish to re- 
 turn, and not be able to 
 return ? 
 
 rjthis people and Jerusalem 
 from a far country 
 
 or 
 
 a drawn (i. e. beaten 
 
 shapened) arrow 
 (lit.) a sheaf 
 (lit.) they are stiffened 
 refiner 
 
 empty (or) ignorant 
 TJ I thought it is a grief, though 
 
 I can bear it 
 they did not prosper, and all 
 
 their flocks are scattered 
 
 b This is connected with the second verse of the preceding chapter ; as if 
 repeated : Go and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying. 
 
 c Thus the Jceree (the reading) ; but, according to the text, a killing arrow.
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 57 
 
 10:22. the noise of the bruit 
 
 11: 8. 1 will bring 
 
 1 7. against themselves 
 
 12: 4. the herbs of every field wither, 
 for the wickedness, &c. ? the 
 beasts are consumed, 
 
 9. Mine heritage is unto me as 
 a speckled bird, the birds 
 round about are against her, 
 &c. ; assemble all the beasts 
 
 14: 4. the ground is chapt, 
 15 : 4. to be removed into 
 
 5. bemoan (andsoxvi.5. xxii. 10.) 
 
 6. therefore will I, &c. and des- 
 
 troy thee, &c. Verse 7. 
 And I will fan, &c. ; I will 
 bereave, &c. 1 will destroy 
 8. against the mother of the young 
 men a spoiler at noonday: 
 I have caused him to fall 
 upon it suddenly, and terrors 
 upon the city. 
 
 14. And I will make thee to pass 
 
 with thine enemies 
 16:18. their iniquity and their sin 
 
 double ; 
 
 17: 2. Whilst their children remem- 
 ber their altars 
 6. the heath (and so xlviii. 6.) 
 9. desperately wicked : 
 18: 7. At what instant 
 
 14. which cometh from the rock of 
 the field ? or shall the cold 
 flowing waters that come 
 from another place be for- 
 saken ? 
 19:13. because of all the houses 
 
 the noise of a report 
 I have brought 
 to (or, for) themselves 
 r/the herbs of every field 
 wither? through the wicked- 
 ness &c., the beasts are con- 
 sumed 
 
 TJ Is mine heritage to me a 
 bird of prey? Or are the 
 birds of prey round about 
 it? d &c. assemble all the 
 beasts 
 
 (lit.} broken (or, dismayed) 
 to be an agitation unto 
 shake the head at (piteously) 
 therefore did I, &c., and did 
 destroy thee, &c. Verse 7. 
 And I did fan, &c. ; I did 
 bereave, &c. 5 I did destroy 
 7) against the mother a young 
 man, a spoiler at noonday ; 
 I have caused to fall upon 
 it suddenly hostility and 
 terrors (or, I have suddenly 
 overthrown the city upon 
 her, and terrors) 
 7j And I will make thee to pass 
 
 to thine enemies' 
 the repetition of their iniquity 
 
 and their sin 
 
 7j As remembering their child- 
 ren so their altars f 
 like a solitary (or, bare) tree 
 infirm 
 
 a moment (i. e. momentary) 
 77 for the rock of the field ? or 
 will they forsake cold flow- 
 ing waters for the sake of 
 strange waters? 8 
 
 50 will I do to all the houses 
 
 d The birds of prey are said to have the first scent of a carcase, and they 
 then to be traced by the wild beasts. 
 
 e ns may stand for ^S, as Lev. xiii. 49. }nDn nN unto tie priest. But 
 some read here as in xvii. 4. not TrO^m but TIT^m and I will make thee 
 serve thine enemies. And so the Targum renders it. 
 
 f As at the mentioning of their children ; with the like affection they make 
 mention of their altars. 
 
 g Waters newly found, the quality and supply of which are uncertain.
 
 58 
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 20: 2. in the stocks (and so xxix. 26.) 
 
 9. weary with forbearing, 
 21 : 2. Enquire, &c. : if so be 
 22: 6. Thou art Gilead unto me, and 
 the head of Lebanon: yet 
 surely 
 
 15. thou closest thyself in cedar? 
 17. and for violence to do it. 
 
 20. from the passages : 
 
 22. the wind shall eat up all thy 
 
 pastors, 
 
 23. how gracious 
 
 23: 7, 8. The Lord liveth, 
 19. it shall fall grievously 
 
 22. and had caused my people to 
 
 hear my words, then they 
 
 should have turned them 
 
 from 
 32. their lightness. &c., therefore 
 
 they shall not profit 
 24: 9. deliver them to be removed 
 
 into (and so xxix. 18. and 
 
 xxxiv. 17.) 
 
 26: 19. Thus might we procure 
 27 : 9. enchanters, 
 29: 14. 1 will turn away 
 30: 12,15. incurable, 
 
 23. it shall fall with pain 
 
 31 :20. for since I spake against him, 
 I do earnestly remember 
 him still : therefore my 
 bowels are troubled 
 
 21. make thee high heaps: 
 
 22. wilt thou go about, &c. A 
 
 woman shall compass a man 
 
 28. 1 have watched, &c. so will I 
 
 watch (and so xliv. 27.) 
 32: 10, 11, 12, 16. the evidence, 
 
 ?)in the vaults (i. e. prison) h 
 weary of bearing 
 seek unto, &c. peradventure 
 Thou head of Lebanon ' art to 
 me like Gilead: surely 
 
 thou viest with the cedar 
 and for the course (or, pre- 
 cipitation) in acting (as 
 xxiii. 10) 
 
 from all sides 
 
 r/the wind shall feed all thy 
 pastors 
 
 how pitiable 
 
 As the Lord liveth 
 
 it shall abide 
 
 then they would have caused 
 my people to hear my 
 words, and turned them 
 from 
 
 their instability (or, rashness), 
 &c. and they do not profit 
 
 make them an object of ter- 
 ror unto 
 
 And should we procure 
 
 observers of time 
 
 I will bring back 
 
 painful 
 
 it shall abide 
 
 for as often as I speak of him, 
 (or, more than I speak of 
 him) do I earnestly remem- 
 ber him ; because my 
 bowels are troubled 
 rjset thee up palm trees (for a 
 way mark) 
 
 wilt thou privately wander 
 about, &c. ? a woman shall 
 go about (as in search of ) a 
 man 
 
 I have hastened, &c. ; so will 
 
 I hasten 
 
 7} the letter or bill (and so ver. 
 14, the bills) 
 
 11 According to some rOpHEn ^N into the mad-house (from -JEn) ; the 
 place used for those whose minds are turned. Comp. xxix. 26. 
 
 1 Lebanon comprehended the laud of Palestine, and Gilead that beyond 
 Jordan ; the inhabitants of which were for -their great wickedness the first 
 to be carried awav.
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 59 
 
 32:36. it shall be delivered 
 33: 10. shall be desolate 
 37: 12. to separate himself thence 
 38 : 15. wilt thou not hearken unto me? 
 28. and he was there when Jeru 
 salem was taken. 
 
 39 : 3. Sarsechim, Rab-saris, Nergal- 
 sharezer, Rab-mag, (and 
 so ver. 13.) 
 
 4. when Zedekiah the king of 
 Judah saw them, and all the 
 men of war, 
 14. carry him home: 
 
 40: 5. Now while he was not yet gone 
 back, he said, Go back also 
 to, &c. and a reward, 
 10. to serve the Chaldeans, which 
 will come unto us : 
 
 41: 14. cast about 
 
 44: 17. whatsoever thing goeth forth 
 out of our mouth, 
 
 19. did we make her cakes to 
 worship her, 
 
 46 : 1 7. is but a noise ; 
 
 22. like a serpent ; 
 
 23. though it cannot be searched ; 
 48: 15. and gone up out of her cities, 
 
 30. but it shall not be so ; his lies 
 
 shall not so effect it. 
 45. because of the force : 
 49 : 2. and her daughters 
 
 7. from the prudent? is their 
 wisdom vanished ? 
 
 16. thy terribleness 
 25. is, &c. not left, 
 
 it is delivered 
 is desolate 
 Tjjjto divide from thence k 
 
 thou wilt not hearken unto me 
 rj rj and it came to pass when 
 Jerusalem was taken 1 it was 
 thus 
 
 i] Sarsechim the chief eunuch, 
 Nergal Sharezer the chief 
 melter (in the mint) 
 when Zedekiah, the king of 
 Judah, and all the men of 
 war saw them 
 (lit.) take him out into the 
 
 house 
 
 r/And as there is none (no 
 place) settled, return there- 
 fore to, &c. and a gift 
 tjto withstand the Chaldeans 
 which may come against us 
 turned about 
 
 whatsoever thing came out of 
 our mouth (i. e. whatever 
 we have determined on) 
 rjdid we painfully (i. e. dili- 
 gently) make prepared ones 
 for her 
 rjthe noisy 
 
 TJ like that of a serpent 
 for it cannot be searched 
 (lit.) and her cities ascended" 
 but unjust ; his lies, they did 
 
 not act justly 
 jjfor want of strength 
 rjand its villages 
 from the children ? (i. e. the 
 generation) has their wis- 
 dom overshot itself? (or, 
 become corrupted ? so in 
 Chal.) 
 
 7) thine obscene images 
 7j was, &c. not assisted (i. e. 
 strengthened) 
 
 k To take possession of the share of his inheritance. 
 
 I It was taken in the manner as described in the following chapter. 
 m To curb the disorderly. 
 
 II As jn smoke, i.e. burned. But some render it : and he (the enemy) came 
 up upon her cities.
 
 60 
 
 JEREMIAH. 
 
 50: 11. as the heifer at grass, and 
 bellow as bulls ; 
 
 51: 5. though their land was filled 
 32. the reeds 
 
 34. he hath crushed me, 
 
 55. her waves do roar, &c. their 
 
 voice is uttered : 
 58. in the fire, 
 52: 18. the snuffers, 
 19. the cups; 
 
 34. and for his diet, there was a 
 continual diet, &c. every day 
 a portion 
 
 t) as the threshing heifer, and 
 shout as the mighty (i. e. 
 conquerors) 
 Tjfor their (the Chaldean's) 
 
 land is filled 
 rjthe fortifications (so n2N i n 
 
 Arab.) 
 
 he hath confounded me 
 her waves did roar, &c., their 
 
 voice was uttered 
 for the fire p 
 
 ?7 the musical instruments 
 the cleansers (comp. Exod. 
 
 xxv. 29) 
 
 and his settled allowance a 
 continual allowance, &e. 
 daily 
 
 LAMENTATIONS. 
 
 1 : 7. at her sabbaths. 
 
 9. Her filthiness is in her skirts ; 
 she remembereth not her 
 last end ; 
 
 12. Is it nothing to you, &c. 
 
 14. is bound by his hand: 
 
 15. called an assembly 
 
 2: 4. he stood with his right hand. 
 &c., and slew, &c. pleasant 
 to the eye in the tabernacle 
 of the daughter of Zion : he 
 poured 
 7. abhorred 
 
 13. What thing shall I take to 
 
 witness for thee ? 
 
 14. and causes of banishment. 
 
 3 : 3. against me is he turned ; he 
 turneth his hand against me 
 22. It is the Lord's mercies that 
 we are not consumed, 
 
 at her annihilation 
 
 Whilst her filthiness was in 
 
 her skirts, she reflected not 
 
 on her last end 
 Not to you has happened the 
 
 like 
 
 is sprung up quickly 
 TJ proclaimed a feast 
 rjhis right hand was firm 3 &e. 
 
 and slew, &c. pleasant to 
 
 the eye ; in the tabernacle 
 
 of the daughter of Zion he 
 
 poured 
 
 rejected (or, overturned) 
 Whom shall I appoint (i. e. 
 
 liken) unto thee . 
 rjand seductions 
 he returneth and turneth his 
 
 hand against me b 
 jthe mercies of the Lord have 
 
 not ceased 13?? for -1 a - ) 
 
 sun for ncn from 
 
 v The fire shall devour all their labours. 
 
 a The noun being feminine, yet has a verb masculine as in verse 20, 
 their fruit ; for ?V"]S' 
 
 b He turns hand repeatedly.
 
 LAMENTATIONS. 
 
 61 
 
 3 : 28. he hath borne it 
 
 51. Mine eye affecteth mine heart 
 because of all the daughters 
 
 56. at my breathing, at my cry. 
 4: 4. breaketh it unto them. 
 
 7. Her Nazarites, &c., their 
 
 polishing 
 
 9. for these pine away, stricken 
 through for want of the fruits 
 of the field. 
 
 21. make thyself naked. 
 
 5:13. They took the young men to 
 grind, 
 
 22. But thou hast, &c. ; thou art, 
 
 &c. 
 
 rjhe hath laid it 
 
 i) Though mine eye could affect 
 me on mine account, more 
 than on account of all the 
 daughters 
 
 rjat my cry for my enlargement 
 
 rjreacheth it unto them 
 
 rjHer nobles, &c. their cut 
 (i. e, form) 
 
 rjfor they, the pierced who are 
 flowing (in their blood) are 
 better than they who are 
 consumed like the fruits of 
 the field c 
 
 7} empty thyself (i.e. vomit) 
 The young men lift up (or, 
 bear) the grinder 
 
 rj Hast thou, &c.? art thou, &c.? 
 
 EZEKIEL. 
 
 1:13. of lamps: 
 
 15. with his four faces. 
 
 16. beryl : and so x : 9 
 18. their rings, 
 
 22. terrible crystal, 
 25. from the firmament 
 3: 6. to many people 
 7 : 9. that are in the midst of thee ; 
 1 1 . of wickedness : &c. neither 
 shall there be wailing for 
 them. 
 
 13. neither shall any strengthen 
 himself in the iniquity of his 
 life. 
 24. their holy places shall be 
 
 defiled. 
 
 8 : 3. provoketh to jealousy. 
 12: 3. remove by day, &c. though 
 
 they be 
 
 6, 7, 12. in twilight 
 13:30. others daubed it 
 
 of flames of fire 
 
 at his four faces 
 rj topaz 
 
 their backs 
 
 terrible ice 
 
 from above the firmament 
 
 to many nations 
 
 shall be in the midst of thee a 
 7) for wickedness, &c. : nor of 
 any of those that hang after 
 them 
 
 neither shall any one, by rea- 
 son of his iniquity, support 
 his life 
 
 they shall inherit their palaces 
 
 rj represents jealousy 
 wander daily, &c. for they are 
 
 in thick darkness 
 they daub it 
 
 c The correctness of this rendering appears from the following verse. 
 a The effect of thine abomination : and so verses 4, 8.
 
 62 
 
 EZEKIEL. 
 
 13: 18. and will ye save the souls alive 
 
 that come unto you ? 
 14: 4. 1 the Lord will answer him 
 that cometh according to 
 the multitude 
 
 5. That I may take the house of 
 
 Israel in their own heart, 
 
 because they are all estranged 
 
 9. be deceived, &c., I the Lord 
 
 have deceived 
 15 : 2. or than a branch 
 16:13. thou didst prosper into a king- 
 dom. 
 29. in the land of Canaan unto 
 
 Chaldea ; 
 31 . as an harlot, in that thou 
 
 scornest hire ; 
 
 43. thou shalt not commit this 
 lewdness above all 
 
 49. abundance of idleness was in 
 
 her and in her daughters 
 56. for thy sister Sodom was not 
 
 mentioned 
 : 5. as a willow tree. 
 9. even without great power, &c. 
 pluck it up by the roots 
 thereof 
 17. by casting up mounts, 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 7. to the debtor his pledge, 
 24. be mentioned : 
 6. in the day that 
 25. 1 gave them also Verse 26. 
 
 I polluted them 
 39. hereafter also, if ye will not 
 
 hearken 
 21 : 12. it shall be 
 
 13. because it is a trial, and what 
 if the sword contemn even 
 the rod? 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 that ye may keep yourselves 
 
 alive b 
 
 rj Shall I the Lord answer him 
 that cometh with the mul- 
 titude 
 
 That Israel shall hold fast 
 that which is in their heart? 11 
 they that are all estranged 
 
 be enticed, &c. I the Lord 
 have enticed 
 
 namely the branch of wild vine 
 
 thou becamest fit for royalty 
 
 unto the land of traffic (comp. 
 
 xvii. 4) even unto Chaldea 
 as an harlot to praise hire 
 
 rj for thou hast not even yielded 
 (i. e. didst not give) a 
 thought about all 
 undisturbed peace was to her 
 
 and to her daughters 
 i) And was not Sodom thy sister 
 
 for a report, &c. ? e 
 TJ in a low ground (i. e. a plain) 
 Tjand will he not do it with great 
 power, &c. to destroy it with 
 the root 
 when they (the Babylonians) 
 
 cast up mounts 
 his pledge for a debt 
 be remembered 
 on that day 
 
 7) I allowed to them Verse 26. 1 
 
 suffered them to be polluted f 
 
 after (i. e. since) ye will not 
 
 hearken 
 it is already 
 
 ?) t) if this was only a trial, and 
 what will not also be the 
 contemning rod ? 
 
 b Will you get your living by hunting the souls of my people ? 
 
 c Thus it accords with the preceding verse (and so verse 7)- 
 
 d Were they answered they would think themselves in the right. 
 
 e The crimes and punishment of Sodom were often the subject of thy 
 conversation. 
 
 f Having found them incorrigible I suffered them to continue in their course, 
 without giving them warning any more ; so that they might fill up the measure 
 of their iniquity.
 
 EZEKIEL. 
 
 63 
 
 21:14. smite their hands together, and 
 let the sword be doubled the 
 third time, 
 
 27. and it shall be no more, 
 30. shall I cause it to return, &c,? 
 22: 3. against herself 
 
 5. much vexed. 
 
 23: 3,8. they bruised, Verse 21. 
 bruising 
 
 23. renowned 
 
 24. with chariots, wagons, 
 46. to be removed 
 
 24: 7, 8. the top of a rock; (and so 
 xxvi. 4, 14) 
 
 10. spice it well, 
 17. Forbear to cry, 
 27. opened to him 
 
 26 : 2. of the people : 
 
 6. 8. daughters 
 
 1 1. thy strong garrisons 
 27 : 6. thy benches 
 
 7. thy sail ; 
 
 12. 14, 16, 19, 22. traded in thy 
 
 fairs. 
 19. in thy market. 
 
 25. did sing of thee in thy market : 
 
 30. against thee, 
 28: 12. Thou sealest up the sum, 
 
 14. anointed cherub 
 
 23. shall be judged 
 
 24. pricking 
 
 29 : 3. 1 have made it for myself. 
 
 32: 2. thou earnest forth with thy 
 
 rivers, 
 
 9. thy destruction 
 14. make their waters deep, 
 
 27. though they were the terror of 
 
 the mighty 
 33 : 2, of their coasts, 
 
 34: 18. deep waters, 
 
 smite thine hands together 
 and repeat it ; it is a three- 
 fold sword 
 
 this also was never 
 jin returning, &c., 
 rjon (or, in) it (i. e. the city) 
 
 great of commotion 
 
 they squeezed, Verse 21. 
 squeezing 
 
 called (as Numb. i. 16) 
 
 with weapon, chariot 
 
 as an object of terror 
 
 the smooth (or, dry) rock 
 
 TJ pulverize it 
 7? sigh in silence 
 
 opened with him (i. e. at his 
 appearance) 
 
 of the nations 
 TJ villages 
 
 the monuments of thy strength 
 
 thy boards 
 
 thy flag 
 
 placed in thy repositories 
 
 among thy merchandise 
 were thy caravans (see i>li?), 
 
 thy merchandise 
 about (or, for) thee 
 Thou that completest the pro- 
 portion (i. e. who art com- 
 plete) 
 7j cherub of extension (see Lex. 
 
 nona) 
 
 shall fall (as xxxii. 20,22) 
 (lit.) malignant (or, painful) 
 Tjl have made (or, accom- 
 plished) myself 
 77 thou didst burst forth into 
 
 thy rivers 
 
 thy broken parts (5. e. ruins) 
 i] make their waters sink (i. e. 
 
 settle)? 
 77 for these mighty were a terror 
 
 of a part (i. e. out of the 
 
 midst) of them 
 TJ settled waters 
 
 Since they will no more be disturbed.
 
 64 
 
 EZEKIEL. 
 
 36: 5. to cast it out for a prey. 
 
 33. cause you to dwell in the cities, 
 38 : 4. 1 will turn thee back, &c. 
 clothed with all sorts of ar- 
 mour, 
 39 : 2. tui'n thee back, and leave but 
 
 the sixth part 
 
 9. burn the weapons, both the 
 shields, and, &c. and they 
 shall burn them with fire 
 
 10. burn the weapons with fire, 
 
 1 1 . stop the noses of the passengers : 
 26. after that they have borne their 
 
 shame, when they dwelt 
 safely in their land, and none 
 made them afraid. 
 
 40 : 1 5. from the face of, &c. unto the 
 face of 
 
 41 : 1. the tabernacle. 
 
 6. entered into the wall, &c. but 
 
 they had not hold 
 
 16. the windows were covered ; 
 42: 12. directly before the wall 
 43 : 13. the higher place 
 
 26. consecrate themselves. 
 44: 1. the gate of the outward 
 
 7. because of all 
 
 24. in all mine assemblies, 
 45: 5. for twenty chambers. 
 
 14. ye shall offer the tenth part of 
 
 the bath out of the cor, 
 46: 10. when they go in, shall go in ; 
 and when they go forth, shall 
 go forth. 
 
 14. to temper 
 
 18. by oppression, to thrust them 
 out of 
 
 that her cast out shall be a 
 
 prey 
 
 cause the cities to be inhabited 
 I will pervert thee (i. e. lead 
 
 thee astray), &c. clothed 
 
 excellently 
 7 pervert thee, and seduce thee 
 
 burn with the weapons, with 
 the shields, and with, &c., 
 and they shall kindle a fire 
 with them 
 
 kindle a fire with the weapons 
 stop the passengers h 
 rjAnd they shall bear their 
 shame,' &c., when they will 
 dwell safely in their land, 
 and none will disturb them 
 upon the face of, &c. upon 
 the face of (i. e. the whole 
 length) 
 
 the tent (i. e. the vault) 
 came on the wall, &c. that 
 they might not have hold 
 (comp. 1 Kings vi. 6) 
 ^including the closed windows 
 r) before the suitable enclosure 
 
 the back (i. e. the outside) 
 rj consecrate it 
 rj the outward gate of the 
 besides all 
 on all my festivals 
 ij together with twenty chambers 
 the bath being the tenth part 
 
 of a cor 
 
 rj where (the same way) they 
 go in, shall go in ; and 
 where they go out, shall go 
 out 
 
 to moisten 
 to defraud them of 
 
 h The passengers shall be obstructed by the multitude of corpses. 
 
 1 They will blush for their past evil conduct, when they will see how God 
 requites good for evil. But some render it : And they shall forget their 
 shame, &c.
 
 65 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 2:5, 8. The thing is gone from me: 
 
 4:27. break off 
 
 5: 9. astonied 
 
 6: 14. displeased with himself, 
 
 7 : 9. were cast down, 
 13. the Son of man 
 8:12. and an host was given him 
 against the daily sacrifice 
 
 13. and another saint said unto 
 
 that certain saint which 
 
 spake, 
 
 23. are come to the full, 
 27. and I was astonished at the 
 
 vision, but none understood 
 
 it. 
 
 9 : 2. understood by books 
 12. upon Jerusalem. 
 
 14. watched 
 
 25. the Messiah the Prince 
 
 26. shall Messiah be cut off, but 
 
 not for himself: 
 
 27. covenant with many, &c. ; and 
 
 for the overspreading of 
 abominations he shall make 
 it desolate 
 
 10: 6. the beryl, &c. as lamps 
 11: 8. their princes, &c. and he shall 
 continue more years than 
 the king of the north. 
 9. So the king of the south shall 
 come into his kingdom 
 
 12. And when he hath taken away 
 the multitude, his heart 
 shall be lifted up 
 
 1 6. which by his hand shall be 
 
 consumed 
 
 17. corrupting her: but she shall 
 
 not stand on his side, neither 
 be for him. 
 
 the word went from me (i. e. 
 from my mouth, I have 
 pronounced it) 
 
 redeem 
 
 perplexed 
 
 displeased on his (or, its) ac- 
 count 
 
 were set (or, placed) 
 
 a son of man 
 
 And a fixed time was set over 
 the continual offering a 
 
 and the one saint said unto 
 the certain one who spake 
 
 will be consumed 
 
 and though I was confounded 
 about the vision, yet none 
 perceived it 
 
 considered in the books 
 
 in Jerusalem 
 
 hastened 
 
 the anointed prince 
 
 shall the anointed be cut off 
 and none left to him 
 
 covenant with the chiefs, &c. 
 and on (i. e. with or, for 
 the sake of) the wing of 
 the abominations the deso- 
 lating 
 
 the topaz, &c. as flames 
 TJ their molten images, &c. and 
 some years he shall with- 
 stand the king of the north 
 
 And then shall he come into 
 the kingdom of the king of 
 the south 
 
 and the multitude b will be 
 elated, and his heart will 
 be lifted up 
 
 which shall altogether be in 
 his power 
 
 to destroy it (the land of the 
 other): but it will not stand, 
 neither turn out in his 
 favour 
 
 * How long the continual offering shall be suppressed by transgression. 
 b That of the king of the south.
 
 66 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 11 
 
 ; 1 8. but a prince for his own behalf 
 shall cause the reproach of- 
 fered by him to cease ; 
 without his own reproach 
 he shall cause it to turn 
 upon him. 
 
 22. And with the arms of a flood 
 shall they be 
 
 29. toward the south ; 
 
 31. And arms shall stand on his 
 part, 
 
 39. in the most strongholds 
 
 but a prince will cause the 
 reproach offered to him to 
 cease; so, that he (the 
 other) will never again re- 
 turn his reproach upon him 
 
 And the arms of the flood 
 
 shall be c 
 into the south 
 7) And arms of him shall remain 
 
 (in the place) 
 to the strong-hold of the 
 
 Mauzzim' 1 
 
 HOSEA. 
 
 2. the land hath committed 
 
 1 . Then said the Lord unto me, 
 
 Go yet, love 
 
 4. Yet let no man strive, 
 
 8. the sin of my people, and they 
 set their heart to their ini- 
 quity: 
 13. shall commit, &c., and your 
 
 spouses 
 
 1 6. now the Lord will feed them 
 : 1 . for judgment is toward you, 
 
 2. And the revolters are profound 
 
 to make slaughter, though I 
 have been 
 
 5. the pride of Israel doth testify, 
 
 &c. : therefore shall Israel 
 and Ephraim fall 
 
 13. and sent to king Jareb: 
 6 : . 3. as the latter and former rain 
 
 unto the earth. 
 
 5 . 1 hewed them by the prophets, 
 &c. : and thy judgments are 
 
 the land is given to commit 
 And the Lord said to me 
 
 again, Go 3 love 
 i] Surely no man doth strive 
 the sin-offering of my people, 
 and they lift up their soul 
 to their iniquity* 
 TJ commit, &c., and your 
 
 daughters-in-law 
 ?j shall now the Lord feed them? 
 for the judgment is your's b 
 rjAnd the spreading out of 
 perversions they made deep 
 (i. e. great), therefore I am 
 the pride of Israel is humbled 
 (and so vii. 10), &c., and 
 both Israel and Ephraim 
 fall 
 
 and he c sent to king Jareb 
 the latter rain watereth d 
 the earth 
 
 hewed down among the 
 prophets 6 &c. : that thy 
 judgments may be 
 
 c They that did overflow others shall now, in their turn, be overflowed by 
 the army of him who obtained the kingdom. 
 
 d The temple of the god of forces. 
 
 a The priests are longing for the people's sin, that they might get their 
 sin-offerings. 
 
 h Judgment ought to proceed from you. 
 
 c The king of Judah. . Comp. 2 Kings xvi. 7- 
 
 (! my for nrr as in Prov. xi. '25. 
 
 * Destroyed some of the false prophets,
 
 HOSEA. 
 
 67 
 
 6 : 7. like men 
 
 8. is polluted with blood. 
 11. when I returned the captivity 
 
 7 : 4. who ceaseth from raising after 
 he hath kneaded the dough, 
 until 
 
 6. they have made ready their 
 heart 
 
 8. among the people ; 
 
 9. gray hairs are here and there 
 
 upon him, 
 
 1 3. though I have redeemed them, 
 yet they have 
 
 8 : 3. the thing that is good : 
 
 1 1 . altars shall be 
 
 13. now will he remember their 
 
 iniquity, and visit their sins : 
 they shall return to Egypt. 
 
 9:10. and their abominations were 
 according as they loved. 
 
 14. Give them, O Lord: what 
 
 wilt thou give ? 
 
 10: l.he bringeth forth fruit unto 
 himself: 
 
 15. So shall Beth-el do unto you 
 
 11: 9. 1 will not enter into the city. 
 
 10, 11. shall tremble 
 
 12. but Judah yet ruleth 
 
 12: 1. feedeth on wind, 
 
 4. he found him in Beth-el, and 
 there he spake with us; 
 
 1 1 . Is there iniquity in Gilead ? 
 
 surely they are vanity : they 
 sacrifice 
 
 13; 2. Let the men that sacrifice kiss 
 the calves. 
 
 like a vulgar man 
 TJ with footsteps of blood 
 jwhen I would have returned 
 
 the captivity f 
 
 r/the kindler rests only as long 
 as it lasts from the knead- 
 ing of the dough until 
 they approached with (or, 
 
 brought near) their heart 
 among the nations 
 old age has besprinkled him 
 
 and I would redeem them, 
 but they have (or, and 
 should 1 redeem them ? 
 whilst they have) 
 r\him that is good 
 
 altars have become 
 7j now when he remembereth 
 their iniquity, and visits 
 their sins, they return to 
 Egypt (for assistance), 
 and they became an abomina- 
 tion like the object of their 
 love 
 qGive thou them, O Lord, 
 
 what thou wilt give : g 
 he brings forth fruit equal to 
 
 himselP 
 
 ij So shall he do unto you (peo- 
 ple of) Beth-el 
 
 r/I will not come with hostility 
 rj shall hasten 
 but Judah was yet low (i. e. 
 
 subdued) 
 
 ij associates with wind 
 that he will find him in Beth- 
 el and there he will speak 
 with us (or, with him) 1 
 r; If there be iniquity in Gil- 
 ead, truly, they were always 
 vanity: but they also sacri- 
 fice 
 they kill men and kiss calves 
 
 f This is thought to be connected with the following verse. 
 Let them fall, O Lord, into thy hand, and not into that of the enemy. 
 
 h Some think nittT stands for K12T, meaning, the fruit shall deceive them. 
 EV like 1X227 with 3 paragogic.
 
 68 
 
 HOSEA. 
 
 13: 8. the caul of their heart, 
 
 13. he should not stay long in the 
 
 place of 
 14. 1 will, &c. repentance shall be 
 
 hid 
 
 15. among his brethren, 
 14: 2. and receive us graciously: 
 
 8. Ephraim shall say, What have 
 I to do any more with idols ? 
 
 >j their shut up (i. e. obdurate) 
 
 heart 
 it is time ; he shall not stand 
 
 (i. e. endure) 
 I would, &c. (or, should I, 
 
 &c. ?) but repentance is 
 
 hidden 
 
 7] among the meadows 
 and accept the good in us 
 Ephraim ! what occasion is 
 
 there for idols with me? 
 
 (i. e. along with me) 
 
 JOEL. 
 
 1 : 7. and barked my fig tree: ijand made my fig tree a pro- 
 
 vocation 
 20. cry also &c. the rivers also pant, &c. the springs 
 
 AMOS. 
 
 3: 5. shall one take up a snare 
 
 12. be taken out, &c. and in 
 
 Damascus in a couch. 
 4: 2. hooks, &c. fishhooks. 
 5 : 2. she shall no more rise : 
 7. leave off, &c. in the earth, 
 9. the spoiled 
 6: 7. the banquet 
 
 7 : 2, 5. by whom shall Jacob arise ? 
 4. eat up a part. 
 
 14. 1 was no prophet, neither was I 
 8: 8. be cast out and drowned, as 
 
 by the flood 
 
 14. Thy god, O Dan, liveth ; and, 
 The manner of Beer-sheba 
 liveth ; 
 
 9: 5. and shall be drowned, 
 
 6. his troop 
 10. nor prevent us. 
 
 TJ shall a snare rise (i. e. spring 
 
 up) 
 be delivered, &c. and in a 
 
 couch of Damascus* 
 TJ boats, &c., fishing boats 
 rjshe can no more rise 
 and laid, &c. on the ground 
 tjthe spoiler 
 rjthe shouting 
 how can Jacob stand ? 
 eat up the portion of land 
 I am no prophet, neither am I 
 be agitated, and shall settle b 
 
 like the flood 
 
 ly the life of thy God, O 
 Dan ; c and by the life (or, 
 prosperity) of the way d of 
 Beer-sheba 
 
 and shall then sink (or, settle) 
 r/his vault (see Lex. 12S) 
 nor speedily overtake us 
 
 a The invalids and defenceless alone will be saved. 
 b npBWI for PISpUWV Comp. ix. 5. 
 c This is the manner of their oath. 
 
 d The road was always thronged by those who went on pilgrimage to the 
 calves.
 
 69 
 
 OBADIAH. 
 
 7. have laid a wound 77 have laid a snare (so in Chal.) 
 
 JONAH. 
 
 2: 8. forsake their own mercy. rjthey soon forsake their piety 
 
 (or, their kind one, i. e. 
 their benefactor) 
 
 3: 2. preach, &c. the preaching proclaim, &c. the proclama- 
 
 tion 
 
 1 : 8. stripped 
 9. he is come 
 10. weep ye not at all: 
 
 2: 4. how hath he removed it 
 me ! turning away he 
 divided 
 
 5 : 2. from everlasting. 
 7 : 3. so they wrap it up. 
 17. out of their holes 
 
 MIC AH. 
 
 distracted 
 it has reached 
 rjweep not very much (i. e. 
 
 loud) 
 
 from how can it depart to revert 
 hath to rne ? after he has divided 
 
 n since a long period 
 so they twist it 
 out of their enclosed places 
 
 NAHUM. 
 
 1 : 5. the earth is burned 
 1 2. Though they be quiet, 
 
 2 : 1 . He that dasheth in pieces is 
 come up before thy face: 
 keep the munition, 
 
 2. hath turned away 
 
 7. And Huzzab shall be led away 
 
 captive, she shall be brought 
 up, 
 
 8. But Nineveh is of old like a 
 
 pool of water : yet they shall 
 flee 
 10. gather blackness. 
 
 3 : 3. lifteth up both the bright sword 
 
 TJ the earth rises (i. e. quakes) 
 TJ Though they be complete (i.e. 
 
 prosperous) 
 
 The hammer (or, breaker) 
 who came upon thy face, is 
 now straitened in the for- 
 tress 
 
 hath returned (i. e. restored) 
 TJ And the queen (see Lex. 223) 
 shall be brought up to the 
 funeral-pile a 
 
 And Nineveh is become like 
 a primeval pool of water ; 
 and they flee 
 gather (i. e. withdraw: comp. 
 
 ^D) the beauty 
 lifting himself up; and there 
 the flaming sword 
 
 a History informs us, that before Nineveh was taken, rather than fall into 
 the hands of their enemies, the king, queen, and the household mounted a 
 funeral pile whereon they were all consumed.
 
 70 NAHUiM. 
 
 3:6. and I will set thee as a gazing- 77 and I will make thee like 
 
 stock. dung (^s~i for "3n) 
 
 19. no healing of, &c. ; thy wound rjnone desponding at, &c. ; nor 
 is grievous : grieved at thy wound 
 
 HABBAKKUK. 
 
 : 3. For the vision, &c. but at the rj Though the vision, &c., and 
 
 end it shall speak, and not speaks to the end ; yet it 
 
 lie : shall not lie 
 
 6. his ways are everlasting. rjthe walks of the world are 
 
 his 
 
 9. the oaths of the tribes, rjthe oaths respecting the tribes 
 
 13. salvation with thine anointed; TJ salvation of thine anointed 
 
 1 4. of his villages : 17 of his scattered (or, scatterers) 
 
 ZEPHANIAH. 
 
 14. the mighty man shall cry there / like there the afflictive shout- 
 bitterly, ing of a conqueror 
 
 18. a speedy riddance a destruction, truly frightful 
 
 1 . Gather yourselves together, rj Examine yourselves and ex- 
 yea, gather together, O na- amine others, O nation un- 
 tion not desired ; ashamed 
 
 9. the breeding of nettles, the rattling noise of nettles 
 
 : 5. he faileth not ; it faileth not 
 
 10. my suppliants, &c. shall bring shall they bring my suppliants, 
 mine offering. &c. as an offering (comp. 
 
 Is. xviii. 7) 
 
 HAGGAI. 
 
 7. and the desire of all nations and they shall come with'' 
 shall come: desirable of all nations 
 
 ZECHARIAH. 
 
 3: 7. then thou shalt, &c. and shalt, and wilt, &c., and wilt, &c., 
 
 &c. and I will give thee then I will give thee 
 
 4: 2. seven pipes to the seven lamps, (lit.} seven and seven b pipes 
 
 to the lamps 
 
 a Compare Is. Ix. U, 13. Or, and they that are desirable among all the 
 nations (i. e. their nobility) shall come. Comp. Zech. vi. 15. 
 b Seven pipes to each lump.
 
 4:10. For who hath despkv,^ 
 
 of small things? for they 
 shall rejoice, &c. with those 
 seven ; they are the eyes of 
 the Lord, 
 
 5 : 3. for every one that stealeth 
 shall be cut off as on this 
 side according to it; and 
 every one that sweareth shall 
 be cut off as on that side 
 according to it. 
 6. their resemblance through 
 
 6 : 6. The black horses which are 
 
 therein 
 13. and he shall be a priest upon 
 
 his throne: 
 7: 7. Should ye not hear the words 
 
 which 
 
 8:10. of the affliction: 
 9 : I . in the land, &c. Damascus 
 
 shall be the rest thereof: 
 
 when the eyes, &c. shall be 
 2. And Hamath also shall border 
 
 thereby; Tyrus, and Zidon, 
 
 4. will cast her out, 
 
 5. her expectation shall be 
 
 ashamed ; 
 
 6. a bastard 
 
 7. And I will take away, &c., but 
 
 he that remaineth, 
 
 9. and having salvation ; 
 13. filled the bow with Ephraim, 
 
 16. as the flock of his people: &c. 
 
 lifted up as an ensign 
 
 17. corn shall make the young 
 
 men cheerful, and new wine 
 the maids. 
 
 10: 1. grass 
 
 4. every oppressor 
 1 1 . And he shall pass through the 
 sea with affliction, 
 
 
 ,~~ e despised 
 the day of small things, 
 they shall rejoice, &c. : 
 those seven are the eyes 
 of the Lord 
 
 T) for like here, every one that 
 stealeth is clear (i. e. is left 
 unpunished), and like there, 
 every one that sweareth is 
 clear 
 
 (lit.) their eyes on (or, in, 
 i. e. their eyeing enviously) 
 
 That whereon the black 
 
 horses are 
 
 rjand the priest also shall be 
 upon his throne 
 
 Are not these the words which 
 
 of the enemy 
 
 against the land, 8cc., Damas- 
 cus his residence: for the 
 eyes, &c. are 
 
 And also against Hamath 
 which borders on her; 
 against Tyrus, and against 
 Zidon 
 
 rjwill make her poor 
 Tjhe (God) has made her 
 ashamed of her expectation 
 rja foreigner 
 
 rjAnd when I shall have taken 
 away, &c. ; then he also 
 shall remain 
 and he being saved 
 filled the bow Ephraim 
 rjhis people will he save as a 
 
 flock, &c. ; glittering 
 rjthe young men he will make 
 as fruitful as corn, and cause 
 the maids to flourish like 
 wine 
 herbs 
 
 rj every task-master 
 rjand affliction shall pass 
 through the sea 
 
 Comp. verse 2. and iii. 9.
 
 ZECHAR1AH. 
 
 11: 7. and I will feed, c. even ymi, O 
 poor of the flock, &c. Beauty, 
 &c. Bands ; 
 
 8. Three shepherds also I cut off 
 
 10. which I had made with all the 
 
 people. 
 11:12. my price ; 
 
 13. Cast it unto the potter: a 
 
 goodly price that I was prised 
 at of them, &c. and cast 
 them to the potter 
 
 14. even Bands, that I might break 
 
 12: 10. look upon me whom they have 
 
 pierced, 
 13: 5. for man taught me to keep 
 
 cattle from my youth. 
 6. And one shall say 
 14:21. the Canaanite 
 
 Yea I fed the flock, &c., truly 
 an afflicted flock, &c. Plea- 
 sant, &c., Painful (and so 
 verses 10, 14) 
 rj And when I had cut off three 
 
 shepherds 
 ?7 which I had made for them 
 
 with all the nations d 
 my reward 
 
 cast it into the treasury : the 
 the splendid, the precious, 
 which I have withdrawn 
 from them, &c. and cast 
 them into the treasury 6 
 il even Painful, which served to 
 
 break 
 look to me concerning him 
 
 whom they have pierced f 
 for he g made me an husband- 
 man from my youth 
 77 And should one say 
 77 a merchant 11 
 
 MALACHI. 
 
 1:10. that would shut the doors for 
 nought ? neither do ye kindle 
 
 11. shall be great, &c.; shall be 
 
 12. the fruit thereof, even his meat, 
 
 13. that which was torn, 
 2: 16. covereth violence with 
 
 3:17. And they shall be mine, &c. 
 in that day when I make up 
 my jewels; 
 
 that would shut the doors? 
 
 that ye may not kindle 
 7) is great, &c. ; is 
 jjhis speech is, that his meat 
 that which is robbed 
 (lit.) covereth violence upon 
 And they shall be to me a 
 peculiar treasure on the 
 day which I shall make 
 
 d A covenant made with them not to disturb Israel, nor to invade their land. 
 Comp. Ex. xxxiv. 24. Lev. xxvi. 6. 
 
 e The I'eading in some manuscripts is "I^ISH bs as in Malachi iii. 10. 
 H bs into the storehouse. But as the frequent interchange of the 
 letters is well known ; so -|2> may be kindred with 12S as are irP with 
 : Ppi with t]DN ; and -ID* with -IDS' 
 * Thus the Targum and all other commentators ; which rendering perfectly 
 agrees with the following : they shall mourn for him, fyc, and shall be in bitter- 
 ness for him. 
 
 s He who had the care of me. 2"TS stands for HDISH ttPS' 
 
 h They who brought thither new wares, as pots, &c. for the use of the temple. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 J. Wertlieimer and Co , Prinlers, Circus i Into. I'iir iinrj Circus.