UC-NRLF B 3 103 Chesdden's Plates of fkc Bon ' &i*jLecs THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESENTED BY PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID HUMAN BONES, Correctly reduced from THE ORIGINAL COPY, ACCOMPANIED WITH EXPLANATIONS. fLoiflum : PRINTED FOR E. COX, ST. THOMAS'S STREET, BOROUGH. Price 3s. 6J, CS M36O109 PLATE I. Representing the Front View of the Male Ske- leton, with some of the Cartilages and Liga- ments which connect the Bones to each other. HEAD and NECK. A. Os Frontis, or Frontal Bone B. The Parietal Bone C. Temporal Process of the Sphenoid Bone D. Squamous part of the Temporal Bone E. Mastoid Process of that Bone F. Malar, or Check Bone G. The Nasal Bone, behind which is the Nasal cess of H. The Superior Maxillary Bone J. The Lower Jaw TRUNK, A. The Sternum B. The Seventh, or last True Rib C. The Cartilages of the Ribs D. The Twelfth, or Last False Rib PLATE I, . The Lumbar Vertebra, with their Intcrvetebwl Callages and Transverse Processes F- The Os Sacrum G. The Os Innominatum, composed of a. The Os Ilium A b. The Os Pubis c. The Os Ischium SUPERIOR EXTREMITY. A. The Clavicle B. Inner Surface of the Scapula a. The Acromion of the Scapula I. TheCoracoid Process of that Bone C. The Os Humeri c. The Head, or Ball of the Os Humeri d. Internal Tubercle of the Os Humeri; and, farther out, the Groove for Lodging the Tendon of the Long Head of the Biceps Muscle e. The Inner, and /. The Outer Condvle of the Os Humeri. Between e and/, the Hollow for Lodging the Coronoid Process of the Ulna in the Flexion of the Fore arm. -D. The Radius /. The Head of the Radius E. The Ulna h. The Coronoid Process of the Ulna F. The Bones of the Carpus G. The Metacarpal Bone of the Thumb //. The Metacarpal Bones of the Fingers I. The Two Bones of the Thumb K. The Three Phalanges of the Fingers fLATE I. INFERIOR EXTREMITY. ~ A. The Os Femoris d. The Ball, or Head of this Bone, lodged in the Acetabulum e. The Cervix of the Bone /. The Large Trochanter g. The Small Trochanter h. The Inner Condyle B. The Patella, placed upon the Trochlea of the Os Femoris C. The Tibia k. The head of the Tibia, between which and the Condyles of the Os Femoris, the Semi-lunar Cartilages appear /. The Tubercle of the Tibia m. The Malleolus Internus J>. The Fibula, the upper end of which is connected with the Tibia n. The Malleolus Externus JE. The Bones of the Tarsus . The Projection of the Os Calcis jp. The Metatarsal Bones . The Phalanges of the Toes. PLATE 11. Representing a Back View of the Male Skele- ton, with some of the Cartilages and Liga- ments which connect the Bones to each other. HEAD and TRUNK. A. The Parietal Bone a. The Sagittal Suture and Parietal Hole B. The Occipital Bone I. b. The Lambdoid Suture C. The joining of the Temporal and Parietal Bones I). The Cheek Bone E. F. The Inner or Back Part of the Jaws, with the Teeth G. The first Cervical Vertebra H. The second Cervical Vertebra 1. The seventh Cervical Vertebra c. The Spinous Processes of the Cervical Vertebra k. The first Dorsal Vertebra PLATE II. L. The twelfth Dorsal Vertebra d. The Spinous Processes of the Dorsal Vertebrae e. Their Transverse Processes M. The first Lumbar Vertebra N. The fifth Lumbar Vertebra /. Their spinous, and g. Their Transverse Processes N. The Os Sacrum h. The uppermost Spinous Process. Farther out are seen the Superior Oblique Processes of this bone, joined to the Inferior Oblique of the last Lumbar Vertebra i.i. The lateral parts of the Os Sacrum, joined to the Ossa Innominata. Between i and o, the Posterior Foramina of the Os Sacrum k. An opening in the under and back part of this bone, covered in the Subject by a Ligamen- tous Membrane P. The Os Coccygis, joined by its shoulders to the Os Sacrum at the lower part of the opening A Q. The Os Ilium R. The Os Pubis . The Os Ischium T. U. The seven True Ribs v. v. The five False Ribs SUPERIOR EXTREMITY. A. The Clavicle B. The Dorsum Scapula? a. The Spine of the Scapula b. The Acromion of the Scapula c. A fossa for lodging the Supra-spinatus Muscle o 2 PLATE II. rf. An irregular surface, occupied by the Infra-spi- natus Muscle C. The Os Humeri t. The Ball of the Os Humeri /. The External Tubercle of the Bone g. The External Condyle h. The Internal Condyle t. Cavity for lodging the Olecranon of the Ulna D. The Radius Jc. The head of the Radius articulated with the Trochlea of the Os Humeri /. The under end of the Radius, grooved by the ten- dons of the Muscles E. The Ulna m. The Olceranon of the Ulna n. The under end of the Ulna, with its Styloid Pro- cess JF. The bones of the Carpus G, The Metacarpal bone of the Thumb H. The Metacarpal Bone of the Fingers J. The two Bones of the Thumb K. The three Phalanges orthe Fingeis INFERIOR EXTREMITY. A. The Os Femoris . Part of the ball of the Os Femoris b. The Cervix of the Bone c. The Trochanter Major d. The Trochanter Minor r. The cavity for lodging the Popliteal Vessels and Nerves /. The External Condyle PLATE II, g: The Internal Condyle h. The Semi-lunar Cartilages S. The Tibia i. The head of the Tibia k. The Malleolus Internut C. The Fibula /. The head of the Fibula m. The Malleolus Externus D. The bones of the Tarsus n. The Astragalus o. The Os Calcis p. The Fore-part of the Tarsus E. The bones of the Metatarsus F. The Phalanges of th.e Toe*. PLATE III. Represents a Side View of the Male Skekton, A. The bones of the Cranium B. The bones of the Face C. The Jaws D. The Clavicle E. The Os Humeri F. The Radius G. The Ulna H. The bones of the Hand I. The Ribs K. The Lumbar Vertebrae L. The Os Innominatum M. The Os Femoris N. The Patella 0. The Tibia P. The Fibula Q. The Os Calcis R. The Metatarsus The bones of the Foot PLATE IV FIG. I. A View of the Inner Surface of the base of the Cranium. a. The Os Frontis b. The Crista Galli and Os Ethmoides c. The Sinus Frontalis d. The SellaTurcica e. The fifth Foramen g. The Processus Jugales h. Foramen Magnum i. The outside of the Os Occipitis FIG. II. Represents the Outer and Under Surface of the Skull, turned a little to the Left. a. The Parietal Bone b. The Lambdoid Suture c. c. The large Transverse arched ridge of the Occi- pital Bone o4 PLATE IV. d. d. The smaller Transverse Ridge, with Muscular Prints on each side of it e. The Spinous Tuberosity seen in some Skulls only f. The perpendicular Spine g. The Foramen Magnum /. The Cuneiform Process a. i. The Articular or Condyloid Processes It. k. The Posterior Condyloid Foramina /. The Squamous Portion of the Temporal Bone m. The Squamous Suture n. n. The Mastoid Processes o. o. The Mastoid Fissures p. The Foramen Mastoideum q. The Zygoma and Zygomatic Suture r. The Glenoid Cavity at the root of the Zygoma, for the articulation of the lower Jaw 5. $, The Styloid Processes, behind the roots of which the Foramina Stylo-mastoidea are concealed t. The Meatus Auditorius Externus u u. The Foramina Carotica v. v. The Jugular Fossae to. w. The Pterygoid Fossse, at the sides of which are the Pterygoid Plates .T. The temporal process of the Sphenoid Bone y. The Spinous process and Spinous hole of that Bone Z. z. The Osseous Mouths of the Eustachian Tubes 1.1. The Foramina Ovalia 2. 2. Passages common to the Occipital, Temporal, and Sphenoid Bones 3,3. The Foramina Ptcrygoidea *LATE IV. 4. The Inferior Orbitar Fissure 5. The under part of the Tuber, or bulge of the Su- perior Maxillary Bone 6. 6. The inner sides of the Ossa Malarum 7. 7. The Superior and Inferior spongy Bones, with a view of the back part of the Nostrils 8. The posterior edge of the Vomer 9. 9. The Palate Plates of the Superior Maxillary Bones, with the longitudinal Palate Suture 10. 10. The Palate Plates of the Palate Bones, with the transverse, and continuation of the Lon- gitudinal Palate Sutures 11. 11. The Foramina Gustativa, or posterior Palate Holes 12. The Foramen Incisivum, or Anterior Palate Hole 13. 13. The Teeth, divided into two Incisores, two small Molares, and three large Molares on each side PLATE V. FIG. I. 'Ihe Lower Jaw viewed from the Right Side. A. A. The Proccssus Condyloidcs B. E. The Processus Coronalis C. A Foramen, through which the blood-vessels, and a branch of the fifth pair of Nerves enter for the nourishment of the Teeth JD. The Foramen through which the come out .. E. The two Dentes Incisores F. One of the Dentes Canini O. Four of the Dentes Molares FIG. II. Inside View of the Scull, cut perpendicularly. A. The Os Frontis J5. Sinus Frontalis C. C. Os Bregmatis D. Os Occipitis PLATE V. E. Os Pctrosum F. The seventh Foramen, through which the Audi- tory Nerve passes G. The ninth Foramen H. Processus Clinoides J. Sella Turcica K. Crista Galli L. L. Sinus Sphcnoidalis M. Os Nasi N. A process of the Os Ethmoides, that makes part of the Septum Nasi 0. Part of the Os Sphenoides, that makes part of the Septum Nasi P. Os Vomer Q. The Suture of the upper j.aw R. Processus Pterygoides JS. Maxilla Superior T. The Styloid Process U. U. Sutura Sagittalis V. The spongy substance of the Os Sphenoides W. Part of the Diploe of the Os Occipitis FIG. IIL ' ^ " '- ' ' '"''' ''~ - The Inside of one half of the Upper Jaw* A. That part towards the cavity of the Nose B* The upper part of it that joins to the Os Frontis, Nasi, &c. C. That part that joins to the other half of perj^aw 06 P-LATE V. JD. That part that makes the greatest share of the roof of the mouth E. That part that joins to the Os Palati K The little process that appears in the fore part of the cavity of the nose G. One of the Dentes Incisorii FIG. IV. The Inside of the Os Males. A. The joining of the Os Malae with the Os Fron- tis B. That part which joins to the Maxilla Superior C. That.part which joins with the Processus Jugalis D. The Foramen of the Os Malae V. That part of the Fomer that joins the Eye. FIG. VI. The Fomer. A. Basis of the Vomer B. That part of it next the roof of the Mouth FIG. VII. The Inside of the Ossa NasL PLATE VI. FIG. I. Two of the Lowest Ribs. A. A. The Ends which are articulated to the Ver- tebrae B. The Sinus of the Eibs, through which the Vessels pass C. C. The Ends next the Sternum, which join to the Cartilages FIG. IL The Internal Fiew of the Ossa Innominata. A. The inward and concave Side of the Os Illiuna B. The Part which joins the Os Sacrum C. A Roughness for the Origin of Ligaments and Tendons J>. The Obtuse Process PLATE VI. E. The acute Process of the Os Ischii F. The Foramen of the Ossa Innominata G. That Part of the Os Pubis which joins the other os Pubis FIG. III. The Sternum. A.d.fyc. The boney Part of the Sternum, in five distinct Bones JS. A Perforation sometimes found in the Ster- num PLATE VII FIG. I. The Fore Side of the Os Femoris. A. The Head of the Os Femoris B. The Neck of the Os Femoris C. The Great Trochanlcr D. The Little Trochantcr E. F. The two Lower Apophyses of the Os Fe- moris G. That Part of the Os Femoris upon which the Patella Jies FIG. II. The BackSide of the Os Femoris. A. The Head of the Os Femoris B. The Great Trochanter C. The Neck of the Os Femoris JD. The Body of the O& Femoris E. Remarkable Roughnesses near the Tiochantei J. The Little Trochanter PLATE VII. G. Linea Aspera H. I. The two Lower Apophyses of the Os Fe- rn or is K. K. The Parts of the Os Femoris against which the Tibia moves L. A Cavity between the two Apophyses FIG. III. A. The under Side of the Patella, which moves upon the Os Femoris JB. The lower Part by which it is tied to the Tibia '- PLATE VIII. FIG. I. The Tore Side of the Tibia. A. A Process from which the Cross Ligaments arise B. The Process to which the Ligament of the Patella is fixed C. A remarkable Impression of the Muscles D. The Process which makes the Inner Ankle E. That End of the Tibia which articulates with the Foot F. The Head of the Fibula G. The End of the Fibula that makes the Outer Ankle FIG. II. The Back Side of the Tibia. A. That Part of the Tibia with which the Head of the Fiilula is articulated PLATE VJII. B. B. The Sockets in which the Apophyses of the Us Fomons arc received C. The process from winch the cross Ligaments arise E>. The Perforation through which the Vessls pass to the internal Substance of the bone E. The Spine of the Tibia from which the trans- verse Ligament arises F. The Outside of the Tibia with which the lower End of the Fibula is articulated G. The Process of the Tibia which makes the Inner Ankle H. I. The End of the Tibia which receives the Astragalus FIG. III. The Inside of the Fibula. A. A Process at the upper End of the Fibula, into which a Ligament is fixed B. A sharp Edge of the "Fibula C. The lower End of the Fibula, which makes the outer Ankle PLATE IX. FIG. I. The Under Side of the Bones of the Foot. A. The Os Calcis B. C D. Three Protuberances of the Os Calcis E. The smooth part of. the Astragalus which joins the Os NavicuJare F. The upper Side of the Astraguliis which arti- culates with the Tibia G. Os Naviculare H. OsCuboides J. A Sulcus in the Os Cuboides K. Os Cuneiforrae Majus L. Os Cuneiforme Maximum M. The Metatarsal Bone of the Great Toe N. The Part upon which the Sesamoid Bones are moved 0. The first Bone of the Great Toe P. The last Bone of the Great Toe Q, Q. Q. Q. The Metatarsal Bones of the four smaller Toes PLATE IX. FIG. I. The Under Side of the Bones of the Foot. A. The Os Calcis B. C D. Three Protuberances of the Os Calcis E. The smooth part of. the Astragalus which joins the Os NavicuJare F. The upper Side of the Astragulus which arti- culates with the Tibia G. Os Naviculare H. OsCuboides J. A Sulcus in the Os Cuboides K. Os Cuneiforrae Majus L. Os Cuneiforme Maximum M. The Metatarsal Bone of the Great Toe N. The Part upon which the Sesarnoid Bones are moved 0. The first Bone of the Great Toe P. The last Bone of the Great Toe Q. Q. Q. Q. The Metatarsal Bones of the four smaller Toes PLATE IX. R. R. R. R. The first Bones of the four smaller Toes S. S. S. S. The second Bones of the four smaller Toes T. T. T. T. The last Bones of the four smaller Toes FIG. II. The Inside Bones of the Foot. A. Astragalus B. That Part of the Astragalus which articulates with that Apophysis of the Tibia,, which makes the inner Ankle C. Os Calcis D. A Protuberance of the Os Calcis E. Os Naviculare jp. Os Cunt'iforme Maximum G. A smooth Surface, over which Part of the Tendon of the Tibialis Anticus passes to be inserted into the Meiatarsal Bone of the Great Toe H. Os Cunei forme Minimum /. The Metatarsal Bone of the Great Toe K. The Metatarsal Bone of the second Toe L. The Metatarsal Bones of the throe last Toes M. The Sesamoid Bono of the Great Toe N. The first Bone of the Great Toe 0. The last Bone of the Great Toe P. The last Bones of the two next Toes PLATE IX. FIG. III. The Side (next to Great Toe) of the Bones of the second Toe. A. That Part of the Metatarsal Bone of thesecond Toe which articulates with the Os Cunei- forme Maximum B. The End which joins the Toe C. The first Bone of the Toe D. The second E. The third FIG. IV. The Sesamoid Bone of the Great Toe. PLATE X. FIG. I. A. A. The Inside of the Os Frontis JB. B. That Part of the Os Frontis which makes the upper Parts of the Orbits of the Eyes C. C. Two Openings into the Frontal Sinuses JD. That Part of the Os Frontis that is joined to the Qssa Nasi and Maxilla Superior E. E. E. Sutura Coionaiis F,F. E.E. F.F, Sutura Transversalis G t The Sagittal Suture continued through the Os Frontis FIG. II. The Under Side of the First Fertebra. A. The Foramen B. B. The Articulation with the Second Vertebra C. The Articulation with the Processus Dentatus of the second D. The Side E. E. The Perforation for the Gervical Arteries F. The Fore-Part G. G. The Transverse Processes H. The Hind-Part FIG. III. A. The Foramen B. B. The Articulation with the Os Occipitis C. The Fore-Part D. D. The Transverse Processes E. E. The Foramina for the Cervical Arteries F. The Hind-Part Fiq. 3 jvp.tf PLATE X. F!G. IV. The Second Vertebra. A. Proccssus Dentatus B. The Articulation with the First Vertebra C. A lower Process D. Processus Transversus E. Proccssus Obiiquus jp. Processus Spinalis FIG. V. The Fourth Vertebra. A. The Foramen B. Tlie Body of the Vertebra C. C. The Oblique Processes / D. The Transverse Processes with their Foramina E* The Processus Spinalis FIG. VI. The Fourth Fertebra of the Loins. A. The Body that joins B. B. The oblique Processes that join together C. C. The Tranversc Processes D. The Spinal Process E. The Oblique Process FIG. VII. The Seventh Vertebra of the Back. A. The Body B. B. The Oblique Processes that articulate witli the Sixth Vertebra C. C, The Transyerse Processes D. D. The other Oblique Processes E. The Spinal Process PLATE XL FIG. I. The Inside of the Os Parietale. A. A. Sutura Coronalis B. E. Sutura Sagitalis C. C. Sutura Lambdoidalis D. D. D. Impressions made by the Arteries of the Dura Mater upon the Inside of the Os Breg- matis FIG. II. The Os Occipitis. A. The Crucial Spine B. An Os Triquetrum in the Lambdoidal Suture C.C. The Eighth Foramina of the Skull D. D. The Ninth Foramina of the Skull E.E. The Processes wbick articulate with the First Vertebra JP. The Part which joins the Os Sphcnoides G. G. (?. The Lambdoidal Suture Fi?. 3 PLATS XI. FIG. III. The Temporal Bone* A. A. The Inside of the Sutura Squamost, B. Proccssus Jugalis C. Processus Styloides D. The Seventh Foramen E. The Inside of the Os Temporis impressed by the Brain F. The Inside of that Part which is called Os Pe- trosum, also impressed by the Brain FIG. IV. A. SellaTurcica B. That Part of the Os Sphenoicles that joins to the Os Occupitis C. C. The anterior Clirioid Processes D. D. The external Alaj of the Pterygoid Processes E. The internal Alas JP. Proccssus Innominati of the Pterygoid Processes <7. G. The concave Parts ot the Os Sphenoides H. H . Aphophyses Spinosae, which meet the Ossa Pctrosa /. /. Two Foramina, through which an Artery passes to the Nares FIG. V. ji View of the Os Ethmoides. A. Os Planum, which makes part of the Orbit & The Os Vomer PLATE XII. FIG. I. The Concave Side of the Scapula. A. A. The Roughness on the Inside of the Scapula B. The Basis of the Scapula C. That Part of the Processus Acromiou to whick the Clavicle is articulated D. The Spine of the Scapula JB. Processus Coracoides F. The Edge of the Acetabulum Scapula G. The Neck of the Scapula H. The superior Costa of the Scapula J. The superior Angle of the Scapula K. A semicircular Sinus on the superior Costa L. The inferior Angle of the Scapula M.AI. The inferior Costa of the Scapula FIG. II. The Under Surface of the Clavicle. A. The End that joins to the Processus Acromion E. A Roughness for the Origin of Ligaments and Onuscular Fibres C. The End that joins to the Sternum J>. A remarkable Roughness PLATE xn *LATE XII. FIG. III. The Fore-side of the Os Humeri. A. The Head of the Os Humeri B. A Tubercle near the Head of the Os Humeri, for the Insertion of Muscles C. Another Tubercle for the Insertion of Muscles D. The Sinus in which one of the Heads of the Biceps lies E. A Cavity which receives a Process of the Ulna F. The Internal Apophysis of the Os Humeri G. The external Apophysis of the Os Humeri H. That Part which articulates with the Radius 7. That Part which articulates with the Ulna FIG. IV. The Ulna. A. The cxticmity of the Ulna next the Carpus B. Processus Styliformis Ulnas C. The smooth Cavity which receives the Head of the Radius D,D. Olecranon Ulnae, and the Cavity which receives the Os Humeri FIG. V. The Radius. A. The smooth Cavity which receives the End of the Ulna B. A sharp Ridge on the Middle of the Radius C. The Tubercle of the Radius D. The round Head of the Radius that articulatea with the upper Part of the Ulna PLATE XIII. ==== - . FIG. I. II. and III. The First, Second, and Sixth Ribs. A. A. A. Those Parts of the Ribs which articulate with the Processes of the spongy Bodies of the Vertebrse B. B. B. Those Parts of the Ribs which articulate with the transverse Processes of the Vertebra C. C. C. The Extremities of the Ribs which join to the Cartilages of the Sternum D. Sinus in the internal and inferior Part of the Rib for the Passage of the Intercostal Vessel FIG. IV. The Fore-side of the Os Sacrum. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Parts of the Os Sacrum, which are in young Subjects distinct Bones ^f. That part of the Os Sacrum which articulates with the spongy Body of the of the lowest Vertebra of the Loins B. B. Two Processes of the Os Sacrum which arti- culate with the inferior oblique Processes of the last Vertebra of the Loins PL ATP: xiii. FLATE XIII. C. That Part of the Os Sacrum which articulates with the Os Coccygi s D. That Part of the Os Sacrum which joins with the Os Innominatum E. E. ^ c. Foramina for the exit of the Nerves FIG. V. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The External View of the Os Coccygii, with part of the Os Sacrum FIG. VI. The Internal View of the Os Coccygis. ] , t, 5, 4. Shew its '^Smposrtron of four distinct bones in young subjects ' PLATE XIV. FIG. I. The Back of the Hand. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8. &rifttd0P Bones of the Carpus A. A. A. The Three Bones of the Thumb B. E. B. B. The Metaearpal Bones of the Fingers C. C. C. C. The Second Bones D. D. D. D. The Second Bonei E. . . E. The Third Bones FIG. II. The Inside of the Hand. 1, *, 3, 4-, 5, 6, 7, 8. The Eight Bones of the Car- pus A. A. A. The Three Bones of the Thumb B. B. B. B. The Metacarpal Bones of the Fingers C.- C. C. C. The First Bones of the Fingers J>. D. D. D. The Second Bones & E. E.E. The Third Bones Ft?. 2 RETURN CIRCULATION DEPARTM 202 Main Library LOAN PERIOD HOME USE MM 4 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS Renewals and Recharges may be made 4 days prior to Books may be Renewed by calling 642-3405. DUE AS STAMPED BELO SENT ON ILL SP_2_U995 U. C. BERKELEY FORM NO. DD6 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFC BERKELEY, CA