Aocfete'a $tiiIfratton£f, 
 
 lOND SERIES. No. 2. 
 
 REVIEW 
 
 OF 
 
 HOGG'S 
 
 PRINCE ALEXY HAIMATOFF 
 
 BY 
 
 BYSSHE SHELLEY 
 
 \Tow first reprinted ) 
 
 Hotttion 
 
 iFOR THE SHELLEY SOCIETY 
 ..ND TURNER 196 STRAND 
 1SS6 
 
 Xe HALF-A-CROWN
 
 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 "MtmmxB of Wxntt %kw lahnat0ff" 
 
 PROFESSOR DOWDEN'S 
 
 44 3amt (ferljr Writings ai j%Ileg
 
 Of this Book 
 Three Hundred Copies have been printed
 
 REVIEW OF HOGG'S 
 
 'ISUnurirs af |)rina %\z%% Ipahraioff'' 
 
 \ 
 
 BY 
 
 PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY 
 
 TOGETHER WITH AN EXTRACT FROM 
 "SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY" 
 
 BY 
 
 PROFESSOR E DOWDEN LL.D 
 
 l£*ittrt) 
 
 WITH AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS J WISE 
 
 ILontJOtt 
 
 PUBLISHED FOR THE SHELLEY SOCIETY 
 
 BY REEVES AND TURNER 196 STRAND 
 
 1886
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 SANTA BARBARA 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 IAGE 
 
 Introductory Note 9 
 
 Shelley's Review of "Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haima- 
 toff" 15 
 
 From " Some Early Writings of Shelley." By Professor 
 
 DOWDEN 31 
 
 Postscript by Professor Dowden, stating how he was 
 able to identify the review of hogg as shelley's . . 53
 
 INTRODUCTORY NOTE.
 
 INTRODUCTORY NOTE. 
 
 Professor Dowden has stated so fully — both 
 in his original Contemporary Review article, and in 
 the Postscript which he has now added to our re- 
 print of it — the circumstances which led him to 
 light upon Shelley's Review, and to prove with 
 sufficient accuracy its authorship, that little remains 
 to be recounted here. Suffice it to say briefly, that 
 in 1813 Hogg published pseudonymously a novel, 1 
 of the title-page of which the following is a 
 transcript : — 
 
 Memoirs / of / Prince Alexy Haimatoff. / 
 
 Translated from / the original Latin MSS. / 
 
 under the immediate inspection of / the 
 
 Prince, / By / John Brown, Esq. j .... I 
 
 London: / Printed for T. Hookham, / 15, 
 
 Old Bond Street,/ 1813. 
 
 1 Not the only Romance of which he was the author. 
 
 B
 
 i o INTROD UCTOR Y NO TE. 
 
 The collation is : — 
 
 i2mo. Title (with imprint on verso — "S. 
 Gosnell, Printer, Little Queen Street, Lon- 
 don ") ; Preface pp. iii — iv. ; and pp. I — 236 
 of Text. 
 
 The imprint is repeated at the foot of the last 
 page. 
 
 This book received an appreciative and somewhat 
 lengthy notice in The Critical Review} vol. vi, No. vi, 
 December, 1814, — Article vii, pp. 566 — 574 ; and the 
 authorship of this review has, as is now well known, 
 been traced home to Shelley. The Review is here 
 reprinted verbatim, without alteration or correction 
 of any kind whatever, save only where a word is 
 distinctly mis-spelt, in which case the fact of its 
 correction is noted at the foot of the page. The 
 punctuation is most erratic, and the errors on that 
 account are many and grave; but I think that for 
 
 1 The / Critical Review : / or, / Annals / of / Literature. / Series 
 the Fourth. / Vol. vi. / London : / Printed for the Proprietors, / By 
 Thomas Bluck, 2, Paternoster Row ; / Published by G. & S. Robinson, 
 Paternoster Row ; / 1814. / (July to December.) Octavo. Half- 
 
 Title, Title, and pp. I — 700 ; followed by an Index, consisting of 
 six unnumbered pages.
 
 IN TROD UCTOR Y NO TE. 1 1 
 
 these the printer and his reader are as likely as 
 Shelley to be accountable. Only upon one occsion 
 have I ventured to interfere with the original stops 
 (page 23, line 8) ; and it will be seen that I have 
 there placed within brackets the semi-colon which 
 I have considered it advisable to insert. 
 
 Publicly attributed to Shelley only in September, 
 1884, this most interesting piece of -the poet's early 
 prose writing has never yet been incorporated in 
 any edition of his Works; and it is matter for 
 congratulation that the Committee of the Shelley 
 Society have, thus early in the Society's existence, 
 found an opportunity of reproducing a fugitive essay 
 of so much character in a convenient and accessible 
 form. 
 
 The Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff itself is 
 an exceedingly scarce volume, and I believe that 
 I am correct in stating that only two copies are 
 at present publicly known to be in existence. Of 
 these, one is in the possession of Hogg's daughter, 
 Mrs. Lonsdale ; and the other is preserved in the 
 British Museum. Though obtained for that insti- 
 tution on November 16th, 1878 — as the date stamped
 
 J 2 IN TROD UCTOR V NO TE. 
 
 upon it testifies — it was not until after the publication 
 
 of Professor Dowden's article that the book was in 
 
 any way connected with its author's real name. 
 
 The essay by Professor Dowden which occupies 
 
 pp. 31 — 52 of this brochure, is the second portion 
 
 of an article which appeared in The Contemporary 
 
 Review, for September, 1884, pp. 383 — 396 ; and 
 
 for permission to reprint which upon the present 
 
 occasion, the Society is indebted to the Professor's 
 
 courtesy. 
 
 Thomas J. Wise. 
 
 127, Devonshire Road, Hollmvay, N.
 
 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 ''|$kmmrs of Wmtt %ks% gaimaioff/'
 
 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 lerrtohrs rjf |1tina %U%% Paimatoff." 
 
 Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff. Translated 
 from the original Latin MSS. under the im- 
 mediate inspection of the Prince. By John 
 Brown, Esq. Pp. 236. i2mo. Hookham, 
 1814. 
 
 Is the suffrage of mankind the legitimate criterion 
 of intellectual energy ? Are complaints of the as- 
 pirants to literary fame, to be considered as the 
 honourable disappointment of neglected genius, or 
 the sickly impatience of a dreamer miserably self 
 deceived ? the most illustrious ornaments of the 
 annals of the human race, have been stigmatised by 
 the contempt and abhorrence of entire communities 
 of man ; but this injustice arose out of some tem- 
 porary superstition, some partial interest, some 
 national doctrine : a glorious redemption awaited
 
 1 6 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 their remembrance. There is indeed, nothing so 
 remarkable in the contempt of the ignorant for the 
 enlightened : the vulgar pride of folly, delights to 
 triumph upon mind. This is an intelligible process : 
 the infancy or ingloriousness that can be thus ex- 
 plained, detracts nothing from the beauty of virtue 
 or the sublimity of genius. But what does utter 
 obscurity express ? if the public do not advert even 
 in censure to a performance, has that performance 
 already received its condemnation ? 
 
 The result of this controversy is important to the 
 ingenuous critic. His labours are indeed, miserably 
 worthless, if their objects may invariably be attained 
 before their application. He should know the limits 
 of his prerogative. He should not be ignorant, 
 whether it is his duty to promulgate the decisions 
 of others, or to cultivate his taste and judgment that 
 he may be enabled to render a reason for his own. 
 
 Circumstances the least connected with intellectual 
 nature have contributed, for a certain period, to retain 
 in obscurity, the most memorable specimens of human 
 genius. The author re[f]rains perhaps from introduc- 
 ing his production to the world with all the pomp of 
 empirical bibliopolism. A sudden tide in the affairs 
 of men may make the neglect or contradiction of 
 some insignificant doctrine, a badge of obscurity and 
 discredit : those even who are exempt from the action 
 of these absurd predilections, are necessarily in an
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE ALEXY HA IMA TOFF." 1 7 
 
 indirect manner affected by their influence. It is 
 perhaps the product of an imagination daring and 
 undisciplined : the majority of readers ignorant and 
 disdaining toleration refuse to pardon a neglect of 
 common rules ; their canons of criticism are carelessly 
 infringed, it is less religious than a charity sermon, 
 less methodical and cold than a French tragedy, 
 where all the unities are preserved : no excellencies, 
 where prudish cant and dull regularity are absent, 
 can preserve it from the contempt and abhorrence of 
 the multitude. It is evidently not difficult to imagine 
 an instance in which the most elevated genius shall 
 be recompensed with neglect. Mediocrity alone 
 seems unvaryingly to escape rebuke and obloquy, 
 it accom[m]odates its attempts to the spirit of the 
 age, which has produced it, and adopts with mimic 
 effrontery the cant of the day and hour for which 
 alone it lives. 
 
 We think that ' the Memoirs of Prince Alexy 
 Haimatoff,' deserves to be regarded as an example 
 of the fact, by the frequency of which, criticism is 
 vindicated from the imputation of futility and im- 
 pertinence. We do not hesitate to consider this fiction, 
 as the product of a bold and original mind. We hardly 
 remember even [ever ?] to have seen surpassed the 
 subtle delicacy of imagination, by which the manifest 
 distinctions of character, and form are seized and 
 pictured in -colours, that almost make nature more
 
 1 8 SHELLE Y'S RE VIE W OF 
 
 beautiful than herself. The vulgar observe no re- 
 semblances or discrepancies, but such as are gross 
 and glaring. The science of mind to which history, 
 poetry, biography serve as the materials, consists in 
 the discernment of shades and distinctions where the 
 unenlightened discover nothing but a shapeless and 
 unmeaning mass. The faculty for this discernment 
 distinguishes genius from dulness. There are passages 
 in the production before us, which afford instances of 
 just and rapid intuition belonging only to intel- 
 ligences, that possess this faculty in no ordinary 
 degree. As a composition the book is far from fault- 
 less. Its abruptness and angularities do not appear to 
 have received the slightest polish or correction. The 
 author has written with fervour but has disdained to 
 revise at leisure. These errors are the errors of youth 
 and genius and the fervid impatience of sensibilities 
 impetuously disburdening their fulness. The author 
 is proudly negligent of connecting the incidents of his 
 tale. It appears more like the recorded day dream 
 of a poet, not unvisited by the sublimest and most 
 lovely visions, than the tissue of a romance skilfully 
 interwoven for the purpose of maintaining the interest 
 of the reader, and conducting his sympathies by 
 dramatic gradations to the denouement. It is, what 
 it professes to be, a memoir, not a novel. Yet its 
 claims to the former appellation are established, only 
 by the impatience and inexperience of the author,
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE ALE XV HA IMA TOFF? 19 
 
 who, possessing in an eminent degree, the higher 
 qualifications of a novelist, we had almost said a poet, 
 has neglected the number by which that success 
 would probably have been secured, which, in this 
 instance, meritjYj of a far nobler stamp, have unfortun- 
 ately failed to acquire. Prince Alexy is by no means 
 an unnatural, although no common character. We 
 think we can discern his counterpart in Alfieri's 1 
 delineation of himself. The same propensities, the 
 same ardent devotion to his purposes, the same 
 chivalric and unproductive attachment to unbounded 
 liberty, characterizes both. We are inclined to doubt 
 whether the author has not attributed to his hero, the 
 doctrines of universal philanthropy in a spirit of 
 profound and almost unsearchable irony : at least he 
 appears biassed by no peculiar principles, and it were 
 perhaps an insoluble inquiry whether any, and if any, 
 what moral truth he designed to illustrate by his tale. 
 Bruhle, the tutor of Alexy, is a character delineated 
 with consummate skill ; the power of intelligence and 
 virtue' over external deficiencies, is forcibly ex- 
 emplified. The calmness, patience and magnanimity 
 of this singular man, are truly rare and admirable : 
 his disinterestedness, his equanimity, his irresistible 
 gentleness form a finished and delightful por- 
 trait. But we cannot regard his commendation to 
 his pupil to indulge in promiscuous concubinage 
 
 1 Alfiens in the original.
 
 -o SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 without horror and detestation. The author appears 
 to deem the loveless intercourse of brutal appetite, 
 a venial offence against delicacy and virtue ! he 
 asserts that a transient connection with a cultivated 
 female, may contribute to form the heart without 
 essentially vitiating the sensibilities. It is our duty 
 to protest against so pernicious and disgusting an 
 opinion. No man can rise pure from the poisonous 
 embraces of a prostitute, or sinless from the desolated 
 hopes of a confiding heart. Whatever may be the 
 claims of chastity, whatever the advantages of simple 
 and pure affections, these ties, these benefits are of 
 equal obligation to either sex. 1 Domestic relations 
 depend for their integrity upon a complete reciprocity 
 of duties. But the author himself has in the adven- 
 ture of the sultana, Debesh-Sheptuti afforded a most 
 impressive and tremendous allegory of the cold 
 blooded and malignant selfishness of sensuality. 
 
 We are incapacitated by the unconnected and 
 vague narrative from forming an analysis of the in- 
 cidents, they would consist indeed, simply of a 
 catalogue of events, and which, divested of the aerial 
 tinge of genius might appear trivial and common. 
 We shall content ourselves, therefore with selecting 
 some passages calculated to exemplify the peculiar 
 powers of the author. The following description of 
 the simple and interesting Rosalie is in the highest 
 
 1 Six in the original.
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE A LEX Y HA IMA TOFF. " 2 1 
 
 style of delineation, ' Her hair was unusually black, 
 she truly had raven locks, the same glossiness, the 
 same varying shade, the same mixture of purple 
 and sable for which the plumage of the raven is re- 
 markable, were found in the long elastic tresses 
 depending from her head and covering her shoulders. 
 Her complexion was dark and clear : the colours which 
 composed the brown that dyed her smooth skin, were 
 so well mixed, that not one blot, not one varied tinge 
 injured its brightness, and when the blush of animation 
 or of modesty flushed her cheek, the tint was so rare, 
 that could a painter have dipped his pencil in it, 
 that single shade would have rendered him immortal. 
 The bone above her eye was sharp, and beautifully 
 curved ; much as I have admired the wonderful 
 properties of curves, I am convinced that their most 
 stupendous properties collected, would fall far short 
 of that magic line. The eyebrow was pencilled with 
 extreme nicety ; in the centre it consisted of the 
 deepest shade of black, at the edges it was hardly 
 perceptible, and no man could have been hardy enough 
 to have attempted to define the precise spot at which 
 it ceased : in short the velvet drapery of the eyebrow 
 was only to be rivalled by the purple of the long 
 black eyelashes that terminated the ample curtain. 
 Rosalie's eyes were large and full ; they appeared at 
 a distance uniformly dark, but upon close inspection 
 the innumerable strokes of various hues of infinite
 
 22 SHELLEY S REVIEW OF 
 
 fineness and endless variety drawn in concentric 
 circles behind the pellucid chrystal, filled the mind 
 with wonder and admiration, and could only be the 
 work of infinite power directed by infinite wisdom.' 
 
 Alexy's union with Aiir-Ahebeh the Circassian 
 slave is marked by circumstances of deep pathos, and 
 the sweetest tenderness of sentiment. The description 
 of his misery and madness at her death, deserves to 
 be remarked as affording evidence of an imagination 
 vast, profound and full of energy. 
 
 1 Alexy, who gained the friendship, perhaps the love of 
 the native Rosalie : the handsome Haimatoff, the philo- 
 sophic Haimatoff, the haughty Haimatoff, Haimatoff the 
 gay, the witty, the accomplished, the bold hunter, the friend 
 of liberty, the chivalric lover of all that is feminine, the 
 hero, the enthusiast : see him now, that is he, mark him ! 
 he appears in the shades of evening, he stalk[s] as a spectre, 
 he has just risen from the damps of the charnel house; see, 
 the dews still hang on his forehead. He will vanish at 
 cock-crowing, he never heard the song of the lark, nor the 
 busy hum of men ; the sun's rays never warmed him, the 
 pale moonbeam alone shews his unearthly figure, which is 
 fanned by the wing of the owl, which scarce obstructs the 
 slow flight of the droning beetle, 1 or of the droAvsy bat. 
 Mark him ! he stops, his lean arms are crossed on his bosom ; 
 he is bowed to the earth, his sunken eye gazes from its 
 deep cavity on vacuity, as the toad skulking in the corner 
 of a sepulchre, peeps with malignity through the circum[am]- 
 bient gloom. His cheek is hollow ; the glowing tints of his 
 
 1 beatle in the original.
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE ALEX Y HA IMA TOFF." 23 
 
 complexion, which once resembled the autumnal sunbeam 
 on the autumnal beech, are gone, the cadaverous yellow, 
 the livid hue have usurped their place, the sable honours of 
 his head have perished, they once waved in the wind like the 
 jetty pinions of the raven, the skull is only covered by the 
 shrivelled skin, which the rook views wistfully, and calls to 
 her young ones. His gaunt bones start from his wrinkled 
 garments, his voice is deep, hollow, sepulchral[;] it is the 
 voice which wakes the dead, he has long held converse 
 with the departed. He attempts to walk he knows not 
 whither, his legs totter under him, he falls, the boys hoot 
 him, the dogs bark at him, he hears them not, he sees 
 them not. — Rest there, Alexy, it beseemeth thee, thy bed is 
 the grave, thy bride is the worm, yet once thou stoodest 
 erect, thy cheek was flushed with joyful ardour, thy eye 
 blazing told what thy head conceived, what thy heart felt, 
 thy limbs were vigour and activity, thy bosom expanded 
 with pride, ambition, and desire, every nerve thrilled to 
 feel, every muscle swelled to execute. 
 
 1 Haimatoff, the blight has tainted thee, thou ample 
 roomy web of life, whereon were traced the gaudy characters, 
 the gay embroidery of pleasure, how has the moth battened 
 on thee ; Haimatoff, how has the devouring flame scorched 
 the plains, once yellow with the harvest ! the simoon, the 
 parching breath of the desert, has swept over the laughing 
 plains, the carpet of verdure rolled away at its approach, and 
 has bared amid desolation. Thou stricken deer, thy leather 
 coat, thy dappled hide hangs loose upon thee, it was a deadly 
 arrow, how has it wasted thee, thou scathed oak, how has the 
 red lightning drank thy sap : Haimatoff, Haimatoff, eat thy 
 soul with vexation. Let the immeasurable ocean roll be- 
 tween thee and pride : you must not dwell together.' P. 129.
 
 24 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 
 The episode of Viola is affecting, natural, and 
 beautiful. We do not ever remember to have seen 
 the unforgiving fastidiousness of family honor more 
 awfully illustrated. After the death of her lover, 
 Viola still expects that he will esteem, still cherishes 
 the delusion that he is not lost to her for ever. 
 
 • She used frequently to go to the window to look for 
 him, or walk in the Park to meet him, but without the least 
 impatience, at his delay. She learnt a new tune, or a new 
 song to amuse him, she stood behind the door to startle him 
 as he entered, or disguised herself to surprise him.' 
 
 The character of Mary, deserves, we think, to be 
 considered as the only complete failure in the book. 
 Every other female whom the author has attempted 
 to describe is designated by an individuality pecu- 
 liarly marked and true. They constitute finished 
 portraits of whatever is eminently simple, graceful, 
 gentle, or disgustingly atrocious and vile. Mary 
 alone is the miserable parasite of fashion, the tame 
 slave of drivelling and drunken folly, the cold 
 hearted coquette, the lying and meretricious prude. 
 The means employed to gain this worthless prize 
 corresponds exactly with its worthlessness. Sir 
 Fulke 1 Hildebrand is a strenuous tory, Alexy, 
 on his arrival in England professes himself inclined 
 to the principles of the whig party, finding that the 
 Baronet had sworn that his daughter should never 
 
 1 Eulke in the original.
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE ALEXY HAIMA TOFF." 25 
 
 marry a whig, he sacrifices his principles and with 
 inconceivable effrontery thus palliates his apostacy 
 and falsehood. 
 
 'The prejudices of the Baronet,' were strong in proportion 
 as they were irrational. I resolved rather to humour than 
 to thwart them. I contrived to be invited to dine in com- 
 pany with him; I always proposed the health of the 
 minister, I introduced politics and defended the tory 
 party in long speeches, I attended clubs and public dinners 
 of that interest. I do not know whether this conduct was 
 justifiable ; it may certainly be excused when the circum- 
 stances of my case are duly considered. I would tear my- 
 self in pieces, if I suspected that I could be guilty of the 
 slightest falsehood or prevarication ; (see Lord Chesterfield's 
 letters for the courtier-like distinction between simulation 
 and dissimulation,) but there was nothing of that sort here. 
 I was of no party, consequently, I could not be accused of 
 deserting any one. I did not defend the injustice of any 
 body of men, I did not detract from the merits of any 
 virtuous character. I praised what was laudable in the 
 tory party, and blamed what was reprehensible in the 
 whigs : I was silent with regard to whatever was culpable 
 in the former or praiseworthy in the latter. The stratagem 
 was innocent, which injured no one, and which promoted 
 the happiness of two individuals, especially of the most 
 amiable woman the world ever knew.' 
 
 An instance of more deplorable perversity of the 
 human understanding we do not recollect ever to 
 have witnessed. It almost persuades us to believe 
 that scepticism or indifference concerning certain 
 
 C
 
 26 SHELLE Y'S RE VIE W OF 
 
 I 
 
 sacred truths may occasionally produce a subtlety 
 of sophism, by which the conscience of the criminal 
 may be bribed to overlook his crime. 
 
 Towards the conclusion of this strange and 
 powerful performance it must be confessed that 
 aliquando bonus dormitat Homerus. The adventure 
 of the Eleuthcri, although the sketch of a profounder 
 project, is introduced and concluded with unin- 
 telligible abruptness. Bruhlc dies, purposely as it 
 should seem that his pupil may renounce the roman- 
 tic sublimity of his nature, and that his inauspicious 
 union and prostituted character, might be exempt 
 from the censure of violated friendship. Numerous 
 indications of profound and vigorous thought are 
 scattered over even the most negligently compacted 
 portions of the narrative. It is an unweeded garden 
 where nightshade is interwoven with sweet jessamine, 
 and the most delicate spices of the east, peep over 
 struggling stalks of rank and poisonous hemlock. 
 
 In the delineation of the more evanescent feelings 
 and uncommon instances of strong and delicate 
 passion we conceive the author to have exhibited 
 new and unparalleled powers. He has noticed some 
 peculiarities of female character, with a delicacy 
 and truth singularly exquisite. We think that the 
 interesting subject of sexual relations requires for 
 its successful development the application of a mind 
 thus organised and endowed. Yet even here how
 
 " MEMOIRS OF PRINCE ALEXY HA IMA TOFF." 27 
 
 great the deficiencies ; this mind must be pure from 
 the fashionable superstitions of gallantry, must be 
 exempt from the sordid feelings which with blind 
 idolatry worship l the image and blaspheme the 
 deity, reverence the type, and degrade the reality 
 of which it is an emblem. 
 
 We do not hesitate to assert that the author of 
 this volume is a man of ability. His great though 
 indisciplinable energies and fervid rapidity of con- 
 ception embodies scenes and situations, and of 
 passions affording inexhaustible food for wonder 
 and delight. The interest is deep and irresistible. 
 A moral enchanter seems to have conjured up the 
 shapes of all that is beautiful and strange to suspend 
 the faculties in fascination and astonishment. 
 
 1 Worships in the original. 
 
 C 2
 
 PROF. DOWDEN 
 
 ON 
 
 SHELLEY'S REVIEW OF 
 HOGG'S 
 
 'Uteiwjirs ai "Burnt %h%% pgibploff/'
 
 FROM 
 
 Barm €arltr SBrftbip of J%Ueg." 
 
 BY PROFESSOR DOWDEN. 1 
 
 In the Critical Review for December, 1814, 2 ap- 
 peared an article of considerable length reviewing a 
 duodecimo volume published by the Hookhams in 
 the preceding year : — " Memoirs of Prince Alexy 
 Haimatoff : Translated from the original Latin MSS. 
 under the immediate inspection of the Prince. By 
 John Brown, Esqre." The writer of this imaginary 
 autobiography was Shelley's friend Thomas Jefferson 
 Hogg, and the writer of the review was no other 
 than Shelley. 
 
 From Edinburgh, on November 26, 181 3, Shelley 
 wrote a letter to Hogg, printed in the second volume 
 
 1 From The Contemporary Ra/iew, September, 1884, pp. 383-396. 
 -T. J. W. 
 
 2 Vol. vi. No. vi. art. vii. pp. 566-574.— T. J. \V.
 
 32 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 of " The Life of Shelley " [pp. 480-482], from which 
 the following is an extract : — 
 
 " Your novel is now printed. I need not assure you 
 with what pleasure this extraordinary and animated tale is 
 perused by me. Every one to whom I have shown it agrees 
 with me in admitting that it bears indisputable marks of a 
 singular and original genius. Write more like this. De- 
 light us again with a character so natural and energetic as 
 Alexy — vary again the scene with an uncommon combination 
 of the most natural and simple circumstances : but do not 
 persevere in writing after you grow weary of your toil ; 
 ' aliquando bonus dormitat Homerus ; ' and the swans and 
 the Eleutherarchs are proofs that you were a little sleepy." 
 
 No explanation of this passage, no comment on it, 
 was vouchsafed by Hogg ; but the allusion to 
 " Eleutherarchs " may perhaps have reminded some 
 readers of a paragraph in Peacock's satirical extrava- 
 ganza " Nightmare Abbey," in which he describes 
 how young Scythrop — a fantastic counterfeit of the 
 youthful Shelley — became troubled with a passion 
 for reforming the world : — 
 
 " He built many castles in the air, and peopled them with 
 secret tribunals, and bands of illuminati, who were always 
 the imaginary instruments of his projected regeneration of 
 the human species. As he intended to institute a perfect 
 republic, he invested himself with absolute sovereignty over 
 these mystical dispensers of liberty. He slept with horrid 
 mysteries under his pillow, and dreamed of venerable 
 Eleutherarchs and ghastly confederates holding midnight 
 conversation in subterranean caves."
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 33 
 
 Every one, Shelley assures his friend, admits that the 
 tale bears " indisputable marks of a singular and 
 original genius." A few days previously, the pub- 
 lisher, Hookham, had written in a flutter to Hogg, 
 because the editor of the Quarterly Review had sent 
 for a copy of the book, of which Hookham ex- 
 pected to be able to give a good account before 
 long :— 
 
 "That Prince Haimatoff is really published the delivery 
 of six copies of his memoirs will prove ; he has been sent 
 to the booksellers this morning only [November 8, 181 3]. 
 The editor of the Quarterly Revietv sent for a copy on 
 Saturday last : there is a mystery in this which I shall be 
 very glad to have explained : perhaps you can elucidate 
 
 it I have a presentiment that His Serene Highness 
 
 will shortly be in very general request." 1 
 
 Hookham's presentiment was not verified. The book 
 seems to have dropped still-born from the press ; it 
 was unnoticed by the reviewers ; no copy of the 
 Prince's Memoirs is to be found in the British Museum 
 Library ; 2 and it is only through the kindness of Mr. 
 Hogg's daughter that I have been enabled to see a 
 copy — the sole copy of which, after some research, I 
 
 1 From an unpublished letter which I have been permitted \o use by 
 Mr. Hogg's daughter, Mrs Lonsdale. — E. D. 
 
 - The British Museum does possess a copy of the book, but this was 
 unknown to Professor Dowden at the time — September, 1884 — he wrote 
 this article.— T. J. W.
 
 34 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 have heard tidings. It was the entire neglect of a 
 work which he conceived to be " the product of a bold 
 and original mind," that moved Shelley to assume 
 the part of critic ; and in the opening paragraphs 
 of his article he considers whether the indifference of 
 the public is in itself sufficient to condemn a writer 
 of genius and his work : — 
 
 " Is the suffrage of mankind the legitimate criterion of 
 intellectual energy? Are complaints of the aspirants to 
 literary fame to be considered as the honourable disappoint- 
 ment of neglected genius, or the sickly impatience of a 
 dreamer miserably self-deceived ? The most illustrious 
 ornaments of the annals of the human race have been 
 stigmatised by the contempt and abhorrence of entire 
 communities of man ; but this injustice arose out of some 
 temporary superstition, some partial interest, some national 
 doctrine ; a glorious redemption awaited their remembrance. 
 There is, indeed, nothing so remarkable in the contempt of 
 the ignorant for the enlightened ; the vulgar pride of folly 
 delights to triumph upon mind. This is an intelligible 
 process ; the infamy or ingloriousness that can be thus 
 explained detracts nothing from the beauty of virtue or the 
 sublimity of genius. But what does utter obscurity 
 express ? If the public do not advert, even in censure, to 
 a performance, has that performance already received its 
 condemnation ? 
 
 "The result of this controversy is important to the 
 ingenuous critic. His labours are indeed miserably worth- 
 less, if their objects may invariably be attained before their 
 application. He should know the limits of his prerogative.
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 35 
 
 He should not be ignorant whether it is his duty to promul- 
 gate the decisions of others, or to cultivate his taste and 
 judgment that he may be enabled to render a reason of 
 his own. 
 
 " Circumstances the least connected with intellectual 
 nature have contributed, for a certain period, to retain in 
 obscurity the most memorable specimens of human genius. 
 The author refrains perhaps from introducing his production 
 to the world with all the pomp of empirical bibliopolism. 
 A sudden tide in the affairs of men may make the neglect or 
 contradiction of some insignificant doctrine a badge of 
 obscurity and discredit ; those even who are exempt from 
 the action of these absurd predilections are necessarily in 
 an indirect manner affected by their influence. It is perhaps 
 the product of an imagination daring and undisciplined ; 
 the majority of readers, ignorant and disdaining toleration, 
 refuse to pardon a neglect of common rules ; their canons 
 of criticism are carelessly infringed ; it is less religious than 
 a charity sermon, less methodical and cold than a French 
 tragedy, where all the unities are preserved ; no excellencies, 
 where prudish cant and dull regularity are absent, can 
 preserve it from the contempt and abhorrence of the 
 multitude. It is evidently not difficult to imagine an instance 
 in which the most elevated genius shall be recompensed 
 with neglect. Mediocrity alone seems unvaryingly to escape 
 rebuke and obloquy ; it accommodates its attempts to the 
 spirit of the age which has produced it, and adopts with 
 mimic effrontery the cant of the day and hour for which 
 alone it lives." 
 
 In later days when Shelley had tested the feeling of 
 the public with works of his own, and found but little
 
 36 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 response to his impassioned utterances, such reflec- 
 tions as these may have recurred to his mind with 
 added force. In the instance of Prince Alexy 
 Haimatofif he does not hesitate to record his solitary 
 vote in its favour against the unjust majority : — 
 
 " We think that the memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff 
 deserve to be regarded as an example of the fact, by the 
 frequency of which criticism is vindicated from the imputa- 
 tion of futility and impertinence. We do not hesitate to 
 consider this fiction as the product of a bold and original 
 mind. We hardly remember ever to have seen surpassed 
 the subtle delicacy of imagination, by which the manifest 
 distinctions of character and form are seized and pictured 
 in colours, that almost make Nature more beautiful than 
 herself. The vulgar observe no resemblances or discrepancies 
 but such as are gross and glaring. The science of mind, to 
 which history, poetry, biography serve as the materials, 
 consists in the discernment of shades and distinctions, 
 where the unenlightened discover nothing but a shapeless 
 and unmeaning mass. The faculty for this discernment dis- 
 tinguishes genius from dulness. 1 There are passages in 
 the production before us, which afford instances of just and 
 rapid intuition belonging only to intelligences that possess 
 this faculty in no ordinary degree. As a composition the 
 book is far from faultless. Its abruptness and angularities 
 
 1 Compare Shelley's words respecting himself in a letter to Godwin, 
 December II, 1817 : — "I am formed, if for anything not in common 
 with the herd of mankind, to apprehend minute and remote distinctions 
 of feeling, whether relative to external nature or the living beings 
 which surround us, and to communicate the conceptions which result 
 from considering either the moral or the material universe as a 
 whole." — E. D.
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 37 
 
 do not appear to have received the slightest polish or 
 correction. The author has written with fervour, but has 
 disdained to revise at leisure. These errors are the errors 
 of youth and genius, and the fervid impatience of sensibilities 
 impetuously unburthening their fulness. The author is 
 proudly negligent of connecting the incidents of his tale. 
 It appears more like the recorded day-dream of a poet, not 
 unvisited by the sublimest and most lovely visions, than the 
 tissue of a romance skilfully interwoven for the purpose of 
 maintaining the interest of the reader, and conducting his 
 sympathies by dramatic gradations to the denouement. It 
 is what it professes to be, a memoir, not a novel. Yet its 
 claims to the former appellation are established only by the 
 impatience and inexperience of the author, who, possessing 
 in an eminent degree the higher qualifications of a novelist, 
 we had almost said a poet, has neglected the number by 
 which that success would probably have been secured, 
 which, in this instance, merits of a far nobler stamp have 
 unfortunately failed to acquire." 
 
 Readers of Hogg's " Life of Shelley " think of the 
 writer as a clever man of the world, witty and 
 ingenious, a hater of crotchets and abstractions and 
 theory-mongers, an enjoyer of the good things of 
 life, and, above all, of a good story — in brief, as the 
 reverse in almost every way of " the divine poet," 
 whom he applauds while smiling at him — helpless angel 
 with awkward wings — the touch of mundane disdain 
 broadening visibly at times on the applauder's lips. 
 " Hogg despised poetry," says Trelawny, " he thought 
 it all nonsense, and barely tolerated Shakespeare."
 
 33 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 But this surely is an exaggeration ; at least it is 
 certain that in earlier days Hogg was a zealous 
 student of literature, and cared for Plato and the 
 Greek dramatists as much as for Blackstone or Coke. 
 In truth, the Thomas Jefferson Hogg, who was 
 Shelley's comrade at Oxford, while having within 
 him a potential man of the world, to be afterwards 
 developed by circumstance, owned much more in 
 common with Shelley, and was in every way much 
 more of a romantic person than readers of his " Life 
 of Shelley " may be disposed to admit. He wrote 
 poetry ; he planned romances ; to his fellow-students 
 he seemed a youth of high intellectual powers, but 
 singular and wilful in his bearing and habits ; and 
 we must put to his credit the fine indiscretion with 
 which he came forward to claim an equal share in 
 the responsibility incurred by Shelley as the author, 
 or assumed author, of " The Necessity of Atheism." 
 It would be interesting if we could get some account of 
 " Leonora," a fiction partly founded on a piteous tale 
 of real life, the joint production, it is said, of the two 
 inseparable Oxford friends, and in great part in type, 
 when tidings of their expulsion from University 
 College alarmed the Abingdon printer, King, in 
 whose hands was the manuscript, and placed an 
 obstacle in the way of the intended publication. 
 " Leonora " has probably disappeared beyond recovery. 
 We must rest content with making the acquaintance
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 39 
 
 of Hogg as romancer, and of Shelley as his re- 
 viewer, at a date three years and a half subsequent 
 to the scene in the common room of University 
 College, on Lady-day, 181 1. 
 
 Prince Alexy Haimatoff was born at St. Peters- 
 burg, of illustrious parents, who, however, made a 
 secret of his birth. At the age of five or six he was 
 sent to Lausanne, there to be educated under the care 
 of an elderly French clergyman, Monsieur Gothon. 
 This venerable pedagogue made amends for his stern 
 and forbidding aspect, and a plainness of manners 
 bordering on coarseness, by his profound skill in 
 ancient literature, his passionate love of the abstruser 
 sciences, and the stern and philosophic regard with 
 which he watched over the best interests of his pupils. 
 Haimatoff, condemned to physical inactivity by 
 weakness of an ankle, yet of a disposition eager, 
 glowing, and Insatiable, became an enthusiastic 
 student, and at the age of fifteen was his master's 
 favourite pupil. In two things only was he deficient 
 — he had acquired none of those habits of prompt 
 and decisive action which his associates had formed 
 in their boyish sports and in the use of arms; and 
 his heart was as little exercised as were his limbs. 
 The tall, slight, effeminate student lacked manly 
 vigour and courage, yet he despised all women as 
 the intellectual inferiors of such beings as his master 
 and himself. Before long one of these defects was
 
 40 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 remedied, and Alexy had found an Egeria to be his 
 instructress and inspirer. Rosalie, a distant relation 
 of M. Gothon, a charming girl of seventeen, who had 
 lately lost her parents, was placed by the old school- 
 master, somewhat indiscreetly, at the head of his 
 table, and made mistress of his house. I spare my 
 reader the author's description of the charms of 
 Rosalie, several pages in length, although it is de- 
 clared by Shelley to be " in the highest style of 
 delineation." One particular only shall here be 
 noted — the peculiar beauty of Rosalies eyes : 
 " Rosalie's eyes were large and full : they appeared at 
 a distance uniformly dark ; but upon a closer inspec- 
 tion the innumerable strokes of various hues of 
 infinite fineness and endless variety, drawn in con- 
 centric circles behind the pellucid crystal, filled the 
 mind with wonder and admiration." Can Shelley, who 
 quotes at length the description of Rosalie, have had 
 some vague memory of this passage, when long after- 
 wards he wrote the lines of Prometheus Unbound, in 
 which Asia describes the eyes of her sister Panthea : 
 
 " Thine eyes are like the deep, blue, boundless heaven, 
 Contracted to two circles underneath 
 Their long fine lashes ; dark, far, measureless, 
 Orb within orb, and line thro' line inwoven." x 
 
 1 In Hogg's description of Haimatoff one touch seems to be taken 
 direct from Shelley's person: "My hands were very small and my 
 head remarkable for its roundness and diminutive size." Compare 
 " Life of Shelley," i. p. 328 : " The air of his little round hat upon his 
 little round head was troubled and peculiar." — E. D.
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 41 
 
 The more Prince Alexy sees of Rosalie the less 
 reason has he to be satisfied with his theory of the 
 inferiority of woman to man. True, she cares not for 
 Aristotle's ethics or rhetoric ; she learns from a 
 mountain mist more than she can leaYn from all the 
 geometrical diagrams of M. Gothon and his pupil ; 
 she does not read poetry, for it seems as if she already 
 knew whatever it has to say ; yet by some strange 
 intuitive energies of her mind, she has gained more of 
 true wisdom than can be found in the most cultivated 
 intellects. Rosalie is introduced into Hogg's romance 
 only to be withdrawn as soon as she has quickened 
 and aroused the heart of Haimatoff ; she dies, and 
 her disconsolate lover is called away from Lausanne 
 by his old kinsman, Baron Groutermann, master of a 
 venerable German castle in which feudal and military 
 ideas are the ruling powers. Here Haimatoff is 
 initiated into the arts of war, and shaking off his 
 physical weakness, becomes ere long a keen and 
 desperate sportsman, a frantic follower of the chase. 
 But intellectual pursuits are not neglected, and a 
 tutor for the young Prince is secured in the person of 
 Mr. Frederic Bruhle, a strange and remarkable being, 
 who henceforth exercises a dominant influence over 
 Haimatoffs character and fortunes : — 
 
 "He was about five feet in height, crooked and club- 
 footed ; his head was high and peaked ; he squinted ; his 
 hair was long and lank, his complexion sallow, and his 
 
 D
 
 42 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 mouth awry His manners, however, were mild, 
 
 attentive, and perfectly unassuming; he adopted, rather 
 than gave, the subject of conversation ; he expressed great 
 respect for the opinion of every person, and, if his own 
 sentiments were different, he softened the apparent without 
 diminishing the real difference, and conveyed what was 
 diametrically opposite in terms at once so gentle and 
 so powerful as often to convince and never to offend. He 
 carefully avoided the appearance of being striking, so 
 as never to excite jealousy and opposition ; he never 
 wounded, but, on the contrary, occasionally flattered self- 
 love, so as imperceptibly, by mild insinuation, to wind 
 himself into the hearts of all who knew him." 
 
 This amazing deformity, Bruhle, is unrivalled in his 
 mastery of Latin ; skilled in music ; a painter ; a 
 profound adept in all sciences ; and, to crown the 
 wonders, he will accept no salary. It is not until long 
 after this first acquaintance with Bruhle that Haima- 
 toff discovers in his master a member of a secret 
 society of Illuminati, advocates of unbounded political 
 liberty, materialists in philosophy, and presided over 
 by the supreme Eleutherarch. Shelley's remarks on 
 the characters of pupil and teacher, and on Bruhle's 
 licentious wisdom are not without interest. Amid the 
 animalisms of young Oxford Shelley remained, says 
 his wife, " of the purest morals ; " " the purity and 
 sanctity of his life," declares Hogg, " were most 
 conspicuous." 
 
 " Alexy is by no means an unnatural although no common 
 character. We think we can discern his counterpart in
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 43 
 
 Alfieri's delineation of himself. The same propensities, the 
 same ardent devotion to his purposes, the same chivalric 
 and unproductive attachment to unbounded liberty, charac- 
 terises both. We are inclined to doubt whether the author 
 has not attributed to his hero the doctrines of universal 
 philanthropy in a spirit of profound and almost unsearchable 
 irony : at least, he appears biassed by no peculiar principles, 
 and it were perhaps an insoluble inquiry whether any, and 
 if any, what moral truth he designed to illustrate by his tale. 
 Bruhle, the tutor of Alexy, is a character delineated with 
 consummate skill ; the power of intelligence and virtue over 
 external deficiencies is forcibly exemplified. The calmness, 
 patience, and magnanimity of this singular man are truly 
 rare and admirable ; his disinterestedness, his equanimity, 
 his irresistible gentleness, form a finished and delightful 
 portrait. But we cannot regard his commendation to his 
 pupil to indulge in promiscuous concubinage without horror 
 
 and detestation Whatever may be the claims of 
 
 chastity, whatever the advantages of pure and simple 
 affections, these ties, these benefits are of equal obligation 
 to either sex. Domestic relations depend for their integrity 
 upon a complete reciprocity of duties. But the author him- 
 self has in the adventure of the ' Sultana Debesh Sheptuti,' 
 afforded a most impressive and tremendous allegory of the 
 cold-blooded and malignant selfishness of sensuality." 
 
 Baron Groutermann, Alexy's aged kinsman, having 
 died, the Prince, accompanied by his tutor Bruhle, 
 sets forth upon his travels. They visit Athens, and 
 one night, while climbing the steep of the Parthenon, 
 Alexy, unperceived, is spectator of a moonlight dance 
 
 D 2
 
 44 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 performed by ten Grecian maidens, who chant while 
 evolving their slow and solemn movements. At 
 Constantinople, he is inveigled by the arts of the 
 Sultana into the Seraglio; but escapes, and finds his 
 way back to the faithful Bruhle. And now he wins 
 the love of a fair Circassian slave — a timid and 
 trembling dove, who yet unites an exquisite vivacity 
 with her gentleness. The slave, Aiir-Ahibah, becomes 
 Alexy's wife ; happy years go by, made happier by 
 the birth of two sons ; when fate strikes at the heart 
 of all this joy — the babes are seized with small-pox 
 and die, and their mother quickly follows them to 
 the grave. Alexy is distracted, and it is not long 
 before his madness gives place to a deep and enduring 
 melancholy. At length he resumes his travels in 
 company with Bruhle. They spend some months at 
 Rome, shocked at " the grinding oppression of the 
 Church, the spiritual despotism of the ecclesiastics," 
 delighted with the recollections summoned up by the 
 ruins of the ancient city. At Florence, the Prince 
 meets with an old schoolfellow of the Lausanne days, 
 and is obliged to act as his second in a fatal affair of 
 honour. " We do not ever remember," writes Shelley, 
 " to have seen the unforgiving fastidiousness of family 
 honour more awfully illustrated." At length Bruhle 
 thinks the time has come for disclosing to Haimatoff 
 the end towards which his education has been directed. 
 They travel north, and arrive at an old university
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 45 
 
 town of Germany. The description of the University 
 — really the centre of a secret society of the Eleutheri 
 — represents Hogg's romance at its best : — 
 
 " When we arrived at the University, we were ushered into 
 a spacious hall, floored and wainscotted with black oak ; the 
 roof was of the same materials, most elaborately carved with 
 armorial bearings and grotesque figures ; the windows were 
 filled with painted glass, and the walls were hung with por- 
 traits of benefactors and the most eminent members of the 
 Society ; the whole of the apartment was in the style of the 
 most noble of college halls. The room was lighted by a 
 large fire, abundantly piled with logs of wood. Several 
 venerable old men were seated upon benches at a little 
 distance from the fire ; they rose to receive us, and em- 
 bracing Bruhle in the most affectionate manner, expressed 
 their satisfaction in welcoming him again. My friend then 
 presented me ; I was received with a simple dignity, which 
 charmed me. I had never witnessed manners at once so 
 free from all restraint, and so dignified. It called to my 
 mind what I had read of the noble plainness of the Romans, 
 entirely devoid of all ceremony, and so stately as to inspire 
 the most profound veneration. I contemplated their wrinkled 
 faces, replete with the most profound knowledge, and the 
 most amiable complacency ; their sunken eyes, in which the 
 fires of genius were tempered by the experience of age ; 
 their figures gracefully bending under the weight of years ; 
 the plain neatness of their garments." 
 
 They speak of the dignity, the liberty, the happiness 
 of man, and hint at the necessity of a general reform. 
 Above the rest, one of the fathers, who sits shaded in
 
 46 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 the chimney-corner, impresses Haimatoff by his ap- 
 pearance : " He was a tall man ; his arms were folded 
 upon his breast ; he appeared about fourscore years 
 of age ; his head was bald, his complexion sallow, his 
 nose large and prominent, and of the finest Roman 
 form ; his eyes small but dark and piercing ; they 
 were rivetted upon me, as if they could penetrate my 
 inmost soul. He was motionless as a statue." This 
 is no other than the Eleutherarch, the principal of the 
 University. Next day he explains to Haimatoff the 
 purpose of their Society — to restore to man his 
 natural rights, to banish oppression, to break the 
 bonds, to shake off the yoke of slavery. A three 
 years' noviciate precedes admission into the Society 
 of the Eleutheri, which by special permission is 
 reduced to one year in the case of Haimatoff. After 
 a public discourse to prove that the soul is material, 
 and that death is complete annihilation, an eternal 
 sleep, the Eleutherarch conducts Haimatoff to the 
 cathedral to watch, as part of the initiatory rites, 
 night-long and alone beside a corpse wrapt in grave- 
 clothes and extended on the bier ; in his right hand 
 the novice holds a dagger, in his left a skull. Moon- 
 light vaguely entering the church, and sad and solemn 
 organ strains add awe and wonder to the ceremony. 
 Presently a strange and sudden noise is heard, like 
 the flapping of large wings, and white forms are dis- 
 cerned floating aloft in the air, and waving their
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 47 
 
 spectral pinions. At length the welcome morning 
 dawns and ends these terrors of the night. The 
 novice is brought before the Eleutherarch, to whom 
 he makes confession of all the thoughts which had 
 passed through his brain during the night, and these 
 confessions are placed among the archives of the 
 Society. Three months of solitary confinement 
 follow these rites in the cathedral : " it is of admir- 
 able use," observes the Eleutherarch, "in condensing 
 the mind." On being released from his prison, 
 HaimatofF is next required to set down in writing an 
 exactly truthful account of his past life ; and then, 
 and not till then, is he instructed in the secret 
 language spoken by the Eleutheri. Finely, when 
 the year of probation has expired, he is invited to 
 take the oath of obedience to the Eleutherarch and 
 Eleutheri in council. Its terms are so absolute that 
 he starts back in alarm, and in a sudden recoil of 
 horror is about to strike the venerable president of 
 the Society with his dagger. " With a serene coun- 
 tenance he bared his breast, and pointing to his 
 heart, said, ' Strike there, Alexy ; thy blow will 
 then be effectual.' I trembled in every limb. ' Nay, if 
 thy hand is unsteady, let me guide it/ he continued, 
 taking hold of my hand and raising it as if to strike. 
 The dagger fell to the ground." Alexy is banished 
 for twelve months to England. And here, while one 
 evenincr seeing Garrick in " Richard the Third,"
 
 43 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 Alexy's attention is attracted by "a young female" 
 in the front row of the boxes — the daughter of Sir 
 Fulke Hildebrand, the Mary who saves him from 
 further thought of Eleutheri or Eleutherarchs, and 
 who, after various trials and difficulties have been 
 overcome, replaces his lost Aiir-Ahibah, and becomes 
 the consolation of his manhood, the support of his 
 old age. Mary's father has Tory prejudices, "strong 
 in proportion as they were irrational." The astute 
 Alexy, though a votary of liberty and equality, re- 
 solves rather to humour than to thwart the Baronet's 
 foibles : " I contrived to be invited to dine in company 
 with him. I always proposed the health of the 
 minister ; I introduced politics, and defended the 
 Tory party in long speeches. I attended clubs and 
 
 public dinners in that interest The stratagem 
 
 was innocent, which injured no one, and which pro- 
 moted the happiness of two individuals, especially of 
 the most amiable woman the world ever knew." 
 With the Prince's marriage to Mary Hildebrand, and 
 the death of Bruhle a few months later, the memoirs 
 come to a close. The fair daughter of the Tory 
 house does not please Shelley : 
 
 "The character of Mary, deserves, we think, to be con- 
 sidered as the only complete failure in the book. Every 
 other female whom the author has attempted to describe is 
 designated by an individuality peculiarly marked and true. 
 They constitute finished portraits of whatever is eminently
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 49 
 
 simple, graceful, gentle, or disgustingly atrocious and vile. 
 Mary alone is the miserable parasite of fashion, the tame slave 
 of drivelling and drunken folly, the cold-hearted coquette, 
 the lying and meretricious prude. The means employed to 
 gain this worthless prize corresponds exactly with its worth- 
 lessness. Sir Fulke Hildebrand is a strenuous Tory ; Alexy 
 on his arrival in England professes himself inclined to the 
 principles of the Whig party ; finding that the Baronet had 
 sworn that his daughter should never marry a Whig, he 
 sacrifices his principles, and with inconceivable effrontery 
 
 thus palliates his apostacy and falsehood An instance 
 
 of more deplorable perversity of the human understanding 
 we do not recollect ever to have witnessed. It almost 
 persuades us to believe that scepticism or indifference con- 
 cerning certain sacred truths may occasionally produce a 
 subtlety of sophism, by which the conscience of the criminal 
 may be bribed to overlook his crime." 
 
 " Aliquando bonus dormitat Homerus," wrote 
 Shelley in his letter to Hogg, of November, 181 3, 
 " and the swans and the Eleutherarchs are proofs that 
 you were a little sleepy." The swans of which 
 Shelley speaks thus disrespectfully are those slow- 
 sailing forms of white which Alexy beheld during his 
 midnight watch in the cathedral, birds trained by the 
 Eleutheri to test by their ghost-like apparition the 
 materialistic faith of the novice. In his account of 
 the Society of the Eleutheri, Hogg seems to be 
 indulging in a bad dream after having read a book 
 which was always perused with interest by Shelley 
 — Barruel's " M^moires pour servir a l'histoire du
 
 50 SOME EARL Y WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 Jacobinisme " — let the reader look into the chapters on 
 Spartacus Weishaupt, the founder of Illuminism, and 
 he will see grounds for this conjecture ; and Bruhle, 
 in capturing and preparing Alexy for the Society, 
 plays the part of the Abbe" Barruel's illumind, bearing 
 the title of "le Frere insinuant ou l'Enroleur." A 
 year later than his letter to Hogg, Shelley, when 
 writing his article for the Critical Revieiv, was still 
 of the same opinion respecting the swans and the 
 Eleutherarch : — 
 
 " Towards the conclusion of this strange and powerful 
 performance it must be confessed that aliquando bonus 
 dtrmitat Homerus. The adventure of the Eleutheri, 
 although the sketch of a profounder project, is intro- 
 duced and concluded with unintelligible abruptness. Bruhle 
 dies, purposely, as it should seem, that his pupil may 
 renounce the romantic sublimity of his nature, and that his 
 inauspicious union and prostituted character might be exempt 
 from the censure of violated friendship." 
 
 Summing up his judgment upon the romance as 
 a whole, Shelley writes, at the close of his review : — 
 
 " Numerous indications of profound and vigorous thought 
 are scattered over even the most negligently compacted 
 portions of the narrative. It is an unweeded garden, where 
 nightshade is interwoven with sweet jessamine, and the most 
 delicate spices of the East peep over struggling stalks of 
 rank and poisonous hemlock. 
 
 " In the delineation of the more evanescent feelings and 
 uncommon instances of strong and delicate passion we
 
 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 51 
 
 conceive the author to have exhibited new and unparalleled 
 powers. He has noticed some peculiarities of female 
 character with a delicacy and truth singularly exquisite. We 
 think the interesting subject of sexual relations requires for 
 its successful development the application of a mind thus 
 organised and endowed. Yet even here how great the 
 deficiencies ; this mind must be pure from the fashionable 
 superstitions of gallantry, must be exempt from the sordid 
 feelings which, with blind idolatry, worship the image and 
 blaspheme the deity, reverence the type and degrade the 
 reality of which it is an emblem. 
 
 " We do not hesitate to assert that the author of this 
 volume is a man of ability. His great though indisciplin- 
 able energies, and fervid rapidity of conception embodies 
 scenes and situations and of passions (sic) affording inex- 
 haustible food for wonder and delight. The interest is deep 
 and irresistible. A moral enchanter seems to have conjured 
 up the shapes of all that is beautiful and strange to suspend 
 the faculties in fascination and astonishment." 
 
 The general verdict on Hogg's romance was not 
 reversed by Shelley's extravagant eulogy, and Hogg 
 himself probably accepted the general verdict as just. 
 Shelley, in 18 14, was far from being a trustworthy 
 critic of books or men. A person, a poem, or a tale 
 which stimulated his imagination and moved his 
 feelings was at once idealised by Shelley, and was 
 viewed through a golden vapour which magnified the 
 object it half concealed. It was indeed so with 
 Shelley to the close, but as his mind matured, he 
 conferred its splendour more and more often upon
 
 52 SOME EARLY WRITINGS OF SHELLEY. 
 
 things which are in themselves truly admirable and 
 splendid. 
 
 Shelley was at work on his review of " Prince Alexy 
 Haimatoff" on November 16, 1814, and did not cease 
 to write until long past midnight. He resumed his 
 work early next day, and then turned for relief to 
 Brockden Brown's romance, "Edgar Huntly." The 
 December number of the Critical Review was 
 published at the end of the month. On January 3, 
 181 5, Shelley received from Hookham a copy of the 
 number containing his article. On the evening of 
 that day Hogg called at Shelley's lodgings, and very 
 pleasantly sped by the evening hours.
 
 POSTSCRIPT. 
 
 I HAVE been asked in what way I was able to 
 identify the article on Hogg's novel in the Critical 
 Review as by Shelley. It was thus : in the unpublished 
 journal kept now by Shelley, now by Mary, I read — 
 under the date Wednesday, Nov. i6[i8i4] — "Shelley 
 writes his critique till half-past 3 [i.e. at night] " ; and 
 again, — "Nov. 17 — Shelley writes his critique, and then 
 reads Edgar Huntly all day." This made me curious. 
 I read again: "Jan. 3rd [18 15]. A parcel comes 
 from Hookham — the Critical Review which has the 
 critique of Prince Alexander Haimatoff \x\ it. . . Hogg 
 comes. A very pleasant evening." Putting the two 
 passages together I guessed that this was the critique 
 written by Shelley in November. I noticed the 
 resemblance between the passage in Shelley's letter 
 to Hogg of Nov. 26, 18 1 3, 1 " * Aliquando bonus dor- 
 mitat Homerns ' ; and the swans and the Eleuther- 
 archs are proofs that you were a little sleepy," and 
 the passage in the Review:' 1 "Towards the conclusion 
 
 1 See Hogg's Life of Shelley, vol. ii. p. 481.— T. J. W. 
 
 2 See ante, p. 26.— T. J. W.
 
 54 POSTSCRIPT. 
 
 of this strange and powerful performance it must be 
 confessed that aliquando bonus dormitat Homer us. 
 The adventure of the Eleutheri ... is introduced 
 and concluded with unintelligible abruptness ; " and 
 the inference was that the writer of the letter and 
 the writer of the article must be one and the same. 
 Other pieces of internal evidence {e.g. the reference 
 to Alfieris Life, see pp. 19 and 43, a book which Shelley 
 finished reading on Oct. 22), and the general style 
 of the article left no doubt on my mind. Perhaps 
 it is right to add that in giving an account of Hogg's 
 novel in the Contemporary Review I glided lightly 
 past the voluptuous scenes in the seraglio ; and in 
 quoting from Shelley's article I omitted one of the 
 most remarkable passages — that in which he speaks 
 with horror and detestation of the hired pleasures of 
 sensual appetite. 
 
 EDWARD DOVVDEN. 
 
 Feb. 17, 1886.
 
 You are invited to join 
 
 THE SHELLEY SOCIETY. 
 
 The Yearly Subscription (which constitutes Membership) 
 is One Guinea, due every first of January, beginning 
 January 1st, 1886, and should be paid to either the Chairman 
 of Committee, 
 
 William Michael Rossettt, Esq., 
 
 5, Endsleigh Gardens, Euston Road, London, N.W., 
 
 or to the Honorary Secretary, 
 
 Sydney E. Preston, Esq., 
 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. 
 
 This Subscription entitles a Member to one copy of all 
 the Publications of the Society during the current year; to 
 attend, and introduce a friend to, all the Society's Meetings ; 
 and to admission for himself and (at least) two friends to the 
 Society's yearly performance of Shelley's Cenci or Hellas. 
 
 The Society's Inaugural Meeting will be held in the 
 Botany Theatre of University College, Gower Street, London, 
 W.C., on Wednesday evening, March 10th, 1886, at 8 p.m., 
 when an address on Shelley will be delivered by the Rev. 
 Stopford A. Brooke, M.A. 
 
 The Facsimile Reprint of Shelley's Adonais (4 to, Pisa, 1821), 
 the Reprint of Shelley's Review of Hogg's Memoirs of Prince 
 Alcxy Haimatoff, 1814 (never before reprinted), with Prof. 
 Dowden's sketch of Hogg's book, and Part I. of Mr. H. Buxton 
 
 DO ' 
 
 Forman's Shelley Bibliography, will be issued before the Meeting 
 to those Members who have paid their Subscription.
 
 SHELLEY SOCIETY. COMMITTEE, MEETINGS, PERFORMANCES. 
 
 COMMITTEE. 
 
 William E. A. Axon. 
 
 Miss Mathilde Blind. 
 
 Kev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A. 
 
 Bertram Dobell. 
 
 Alfred Forman. 
 
 H. Buxton Forman. 
 
 Fredk. J. Furnivall, M.A., Ph.D. 
 
 ( Treasurer.) 
 Rev. W. A. Harrison, M.A. 
 Prof. A. S. Napier, M.A., Ph.D. 
 Hon. Sec. Sydney E. Preston, 
 
 Robert Alfred Potts. 
 William Michael Rossetti. 
 
 {Chairman.) 
 Gabriel Sarrazin. 
 William Bell Scott. 
 Henry Sweet, M.A. 
 Wm. Bernhard Tegetmeier. 
 John Todhunter, M.D 
 A. W. Verrall, M.A. 
 Thomas J. Wise. 
 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. 
 
 LOCAL HONORARY SECRETARIES. 
 
 Hackney : E. Berdoe, Tyneniouth House, Victoria Park Gate. 
 Manchester : T. C. Abbott, Eastlegh, Queen's Road, Bowdon. 
 Massachusetts, U.S.A. : Prof. J. M. Pierce, 4, Kirkland Place, Cambridge. 
 Neio York : Charles W. Frederickson, 741, Lexington Avenue. 
 Oxford: Grey H. Skipwitu (Trinity Coll.), 26, Holywell Street. 
 Heading : J. J. Rossiter, 12, Abbot's Walk, Forbury Gardens. 
 Uxbridge : Alfred Fountain, Higbfield, Hillingdon. 
 
 Bank : London and County, Holborn Brancb, 324, High Holborn, W.C. 
 
 The Society's Meetings and Papers during its First Session, 1886, 
 will be at University College, Gower Street, at 8 p.m. on Wednesdays 
 
 March 10. Inaugural Address on "Shelley," by the Rev. Stopford A. 
 Brooke, MA. 
 
 " On the Vicissitudes of Queen Mab," by H. Buxton 
 Forman. 
 
 " On the Primitiveness of Shelley's View of Nature, its 
 Parallelism with that of the Vedas, and its Contrast with that 
 of Shakspere and other Poets," by Hy. Sweet, M.A. 
 "Shelley's View of Nature contrasted with Darwin's," by 
 Miss Mathilde Blind. 
 15. "A Study of Prometheus Unbound" by William Michael 
 Rossetti. 
 
 April 
 May 
 
 Nov. 
 Dec. 
 
 14. 
 
 12. 
 
 10. 
 
 The Society's Performance of THE CENCI, 
 
 Beatrice Cenci Miss Alma Murray, 
 
 Lucretia, Countess Cenci Miss Maude BrennaN, 
 
 Count Cenci Mr. Hermann Vezin, 
 
 Orsino Mr. Leonard S. Outram, 
 
 will te held at a London Theatre on some afternoon early in May, 1886. 
 
 If sufficient Subscriptions are received, the Committee will organize a 
 performance of Shelley's Hellas, with Dr. W. C. Selle's music, in November, 
 1886.
 
 THE SHELLEY SOCIETY. 
 
 This Society is started to gather the chief admirers of the 
 Poet into a body which will work to do his memory honour, by 
 meeting to discuss his writings, qualities, opinions, life, and 
 doings ; by getting his plays acted ; by reprinting the rarest 
 of his original editions; by facsimiling such of his MSS. 
 as may be accessible ; by compiling a Shelley Lexicon 
 or Concordance ; by getting a Shelley Primer published ; by 
 generally investigating and illustrating his genius and per- 
 sonality from every side and in every detail ; and by extending 
 his influence. 
 
 The charm and power of Shelley as poet, essayist, letter- 
 writer and man, are too widely acknowledged to need dwelling 
 on here. No more attractive figure than his beams from 
 the gallery of our literature. The present age is beginning 
 to do justice to the high qualities of his genius, and it is but 
 natural that those men and women who appreciate it should 
 desire to band themselves into a Shelley Society, in which they 
 can commune together and take steps to reach ends which, 
 individually, they could not attain. 
 
 One of these is the performance of Shelley's plays. He 
 himself wanted to have his Ccnci on the stage, with Miss O'Neil 
 as Beatrice. Macready, after he had retired from the boards, 
 declared he would come back to them if he had the chance of 
 playing Count Cenci. Now the Shelley Society can get the 
 play acted early next May. M iss Alma Murray, whose charming 
 performances of Constance and Colombo in Browning's In a 
 Balcony and Colombo s Birthday have so delighted the Browning 
 Society, has kindly promised to play Beatrice Cenci, and Mr. 
 Hermann Vezin and Mr. Outram have been good enough to 
 undertake Count Cenci and Orsino. They will use their influence 
 with other good actors to volunteer for the other parts. Hellas 
 may perhaps follow The Cenci in November, 188G, or in 1887, 
 as Dr. W. C. Selle" is kindly setting its choruses to music for the 
 Society. 
 
 Many points to 1m- discussed in Shelley's works and life, his
 
 4 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PROSPECTUS. 
 
 religion, politics, sociology, views of nature and art, mythology, 
 metre, revisions, development, &c, &c, will occur to even- 
 student, as also the need of a reprint of his first editions, of old 
 articles on him, and the facsimiling of his MSS. No one 
 doubts that when a set of Shelley students get together, they 
 will find plenty of work for their Shelley Society to do, and 
 that their Papers and Discussions can be kept clear of any of 
 the old odium Iheologicum and the like. Dispassionate treat- 
 ment of all Shelley topics is now easy, and is consistent with 
 the entire frankness of expression which the Society will 
 always allow in its Meetings and publications. 
 
 It is proposed that the Presidency and Vice-Presidency of 
 the Society be left vacant for the present; but that the 
 Committee consist of Shelley workers, Messrs. W. M. Rossetti, 
 H. Buxton Foi:man, Todiiunter, B. Dobell, T. J. Wise, and 
 other students of Shelley, like the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, 
 the Rev. W. A. Harrison, Mr. Alfred Forman, Mr. Henry 
 Sweet (who suggested the formation of a Shelley Society) and 
 Dr. Fuknivall (the founder of the Society), whose father knew 
 and liked Shelley, as Shelley liked him. The number of the 
 Committee will be twenty. This Committee will manage the 
 Society till December 1886, and then suggest to Members the 
 future Rules and Officers of the Society. (The Society is 
 constituted for ten years only.) The Society's publishers 
 are Messrs. Reeves and Turner, of 196, Strand, London, 
 W.C. ; its printers, Messrs. R. Clay and Sons, of Bread Street 
 Hill, E.C., and Bungay, Suffolk. 
 
 The Society's Meetings will be held at University College, 
 Gower Street, W.C, at 8 p.m., on the second Wednesday 
 in March, April, May, November and December, 1886, &c. 
 The performance of The Cenci will be at a London theatre, 
 on some afternoon early in May, 1886. 
 
 The Annual Suhscriplion, which constitutes Membership, is One- 
 Guinea, due every 1st of January. Members' Names and Sub- 
 scriptions should be sent at once to W. M. Rossetti, Esq., 
 5, Endsleigh Gardens, London, N.W., or to Sydney E. Preston, 
 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. 
 Sth December, 1885.
 
 SHELLEY .SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS, BRANCH SOCIETIES, &C. 5 
 
 The Society's Publications will be issued in Four Series: — 
 
 Series I. will consist of the Papers read before the Society, and an 
 Abstract of any which are not printed in full, together with Reports of 
 the Discussions at the Society's Meetings. The Abstract will be edited by 
 the Hrnorary Secretary, and will contain Shelley " Notes and Queries " and 
 ' News,' for both of which, contributions from Members are desired. 
 
 Series II. will be a set of Facsimile Eeprints of all the rarest works 
 of Shelley, with full bibliographical Notices. Of these a list will be 
 found on page 6. 
 
 Series III. will consist of Reprints of the most important Magazine 
 Articles on Shelley and his Works : 
 
 § 1. Biographical, beginning with Hogg's seven important articles on 
 " Shelley at Oxford," &c, in The New Monthly Magazine, 1832 and 1833. 
 
 § 2. Contemporary Criticisms of Shelley's Works. (The abusive tone 
 of most of these constitutes their main interest to Shelley students.) 
 
 § 3. Critical Articles in later periodicals on Shelley and his Works. 
 Though these will be mainly from journals of the last ten years (see the 
 list on page 8), yet such Reviews as those of Shelley's Posthumous 
 Poems in The Edinburgh Review of July 1824 (vol. xl. pp. 494-514, by 
 Hazlitt), in the Quarterly of June 182b' (vol. xxxiv. pp. 148-153), in the 
 Metropolitan Quarterly Magazim (No. 3), 1826, and The Mirror (vol. vii. 
 pp. 215-217), 1826, and on Shelley in The Censor, 1829 (pp. 38-9,49-51, 86), 
 will not be excluded. 
 
 (The reproduction of Copyright Articles will of course depend on the 
 consent of the copyright owners being obtained. The Committee trust that 
 the generosity usual in like eases will be extended to the Shelley Society.) 
 
 Series IV. will be a Miscellaneous one, and will include an edition of 
 The Cenci for the Society's performances of the play; Shelley's Auto- 
 biography; a Shelley Primer; a Concordance to Shelley's Poetical Works, 
 a Word- and Subject-Index to his Prose Works and Letters, and such other 
 works as may hereafter be decided on. 
 
 The Committee wish to get a large number of Branch Shelley Societies 
 and Local Shelley Reading Clubs started out of London, and in its suburbs. 
 They will be glad to appoint as Local Honorary Secretaries in any district 
 such persons as will undertake to do what they can to promote the study 
 of Shelley in their different localities. 
 
 The Committee also desire that all the effort and cost of getting up the 
 performance of The Cenci in May next should not result in only one 
 representation of this the greatest tragedy of modern drama. _They have 
 therefore opened a Subscription to secure at least one repetition of tin- 
 performance, and they have received promises to the amount of Fifteen 
 Guineas. Twice this sum would make the repetition certain ; and the 
 Committee accord in^lv ask for further donations to the Fund. 
 
 The Committee 
 formance of Shell 
 
 '•lionises to musk' 
 
 are also prepared to receive Subscriptions for a per- 
 ev's Hellas, of which Dr. W. C. Soil.- is setting the
 
 C SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. 
 
 PUBLICATIONS SUGGESTED. 
 Series I. Papers. 
 Parti. The Inaugural Address of the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, M. A., 
 and other Papers of the Session 1886, with Abstracts of the Discussions, 
 Shelley " Notes and Queries" ' News,' &c. 
 
 Series II. Facsimile Reprints of Shelley's Original Editions. 
 
 1. Adonais. 4to. Pisa, 1821. » Edited by Thomas J. Wise. 
 
 [No a- ready. 
 
 2. Shelley's Review of Hogg's Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff 
 in the Oritiriif llrr'iew for December 1814 (not in facsimile), with Prof. 
 i).>\\ den's Article on it. Edited by Thomas J. "Wise. [Now ready. 
 
 3. Alastor. 1816. [Now ready. 
 
 4. An Address to the Irish People. 8vo. 1812. {At press. Presented 
 
 ' I . W M.l BB B. Ki.ATKU.) 
 
 ."). Epipsychidion, 8vo. 1821. 
 
 6. A Refutation of Deism. 8vo. 1814. 
 
 7. CEdipus Tyrannus. 8vo. 1820. 
 
 8. A Proposal for putting Reform to (he Vote. 8vo. 1817. 
 
 9. The Necessity of Atheism. 8vo. (Not dated, but 1811.) (To be 
 presented by Mr. Thomas J. Wise.) 
 
 10. Proposals for an Association of Philanthropists. 8vo. (Not dated, 
 but 1812.) 
 
 11. Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson. 4to. 1810. 3 
 
 12. A Vindication of Natural Diet. 12mo. 1813. 4 
 
 13. A Letter to Lord Ellenborough. 8vo. (Not dated, but 181 2. 5 ) 
 
 14. Hellas, a Lyrical Drama. 1822. 
 
 Series III. Magazine Articles. 
 Section 1. — Biographical. 
 (Many of the most important contributions to Shelley Biography are to 
 be found in Periodical Literature. The following are those chiefly needed 
 to fill up the gaps in the story of the Poet's life, and to correct the many 
 inaccuracies of Hogg, Medwin, and other of his earlier biographers.) 
 Part I. — Statements bv writers personally acquainted with Shelley. 
 
 1. "Percy Bysshe Shelley," in Stochdalds Budget, 1826-7. [At press. 
 
 2. Hogg's "Shelley at Oxford," 6 in Hie New Monthly Magazine, 
 January, February, April, July, October, and December, 1832, pp. 90-96, 
 131)144, 343-352,' 65-73, 321-330, 505-513. [A t press. 
 
 3. Hogg's " The History of Percy Bysshe Shelley's Expulsion from Ox- 
 ford," in The New Monthly Magazine, for May, 1833, pp. 17-29. [At press. 
 
 4. "A Newspaper Editor's Reminiscences," in Eraser, No. exxviii., 
 •lime, 1841, pp. 699-710. 
 
 5. Peacocks "Memoirs of Shelley," in Fraser, No. cccxlii., June, 1858, 
 pp. 643-659 ; No. ccclxi., January, I860, pp. 92-109 ; No. ccclxiii., March, 
 I860, pp. 301-319 ; No. ccclxv., May, 1860, p. 738 ; and No. ccclxxxvii.. 
 March, 1862, pp. 343-346. 
 
 6. " Shellev, bv One who Knew Him," by Thornton Hunt, in The 
 Atlantic Monthly, February, 1863, pp. 184-204. 
 
 1 Fur this, as much as £60 has been paid. 
 
 '' From "Some Early Writings of Shelley," in The Contemporary Review, September, 1884. 
 8 A. " cut " copy of this in poor condition brought £53 in the Gardyne sale a few months since. 
 ■* A reprint of this tract has been published by the Vegetarian Society, Manchester. 
 
 5 A penny reprint of this letter can be had of the Progressive Publishing Company, 28, Stone- 
 cutter Street, London. E.C. 
 
 6 The six articles under this title ("Shelley at Oxford"), and the supplementary article 
 recounting the Expulsion of Shelley and himself from Oxford, contributed by Hogg to The New 
 .Monthly Magazine in 1832 ami 1833, form perhaps the most valuable portion of the two volumes 
 which Hogg afterwards issued in f-58.
 
 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. 7 
 
 Part II. — Statements by later writers. 
 1. " Notes on Shelley's Birthplace," by W. Hale White, in Macmillan'u 
 Magazine, No. 233, vol. xxxix. pp. 461-465. 
 
 2 " On the Drowning of Shelley," by R. H. Home, in Fraser, Nov. 1870, 
 pp. 618-625. 
 
 . 3. " Shelley in 1812—13 : An Unpublished Poem," by W. M. Rossetti, 
 'n The Fortitiyhtly Review, January, 1871, pp. 67-85. 
 
 4. "Shelley's Last Days," by Dr. Garnett, in The Fortnightly Reviciv, 
 June 1, 1878, pp. 850-866. 
 
 5. " Improvisatore Sgricciin Relation to Shelley," by H.Buxton Fornian, 
 in The Gentleman's Magazine, January, 1880, pp. 115-123. 
 
 6. " Shelley's Life near Spezzia, his Death and Burials," by H. Buxton 
 Forman, in Mactn Man's Magazine, No. 247, May, 1880, pp. 43-58. 
 
 7. " Shelley and Mary," in The Edinburgh Review, No. 320, October, 
 1882, pp. 472-507. 
 
 Series III. Section 2. — Contemporary Criticisms of Shelley 
 and his Works. 
 
 1. Review of "Zastrozzi'-" in The Critical Review; November, 1810, 
 
 vol. xxi. 3rd series, 1811. 
 
 2. „ "St. Irvyne" in The British Critic, January, 1811. 
 
 3. ,, "Poems by Victor and Cazire"in The Poetical Register, 
 
 vol. viii., 1810-11, p. 617. 
 
 4. „ " Poems by Victor and Cazire" in The British Critic, April, 
 
 1811, vol. xxxvii. p. 408. 
 
 5. „ "Queen Mab " in The Theological Inquirer, 1815. 
 
 6. „ Poems in The Mirror, 1819. 
 
 7. „ " Alastor" in BlackivoooVs Magazine, November, 1819. 
 
 8. „ "Laon and Cythna," "The Revolt of Islam" in The 
 
 Quarterly, No. xlii., September, 1819, pp. 460-471 (and 
 "Rosalind and Helen," p. 470). 
 
 9. „ "Rosalind and Helen," and "Alastor" in Blaclcwood's 
 
 Magazine, June and Nov., 1819; and " Adonais," in 
 Dec, 1821. 
 
 10. „ " The Cenci " in The Literary Gazette, No. 167, April 1, 
 
 1820, pp. 209-210. 
 
 11. „ "Prometheus Unbound" in The Literary Gazette, No. 
 
 190, September 9, 1820, pp. 580-582. 
 
 12. „ "The Cenci" in The New Monthly Magazine, May, 1820. 
 
 13. „ "The Cenci " in The London Magazine, No. 5, May, 1820. 
 
 14. " The Honeycomb" No. 9. Saturday, August 12, 1820. " Portraits 
 of the Metropolitan Poets," No. iii. Mr. Percy Bysshe Shelley, pp. 65-71 
 
 15. Review of " Queen Mab" in The Literary Gazette, No. 226, May 19 
 
 1821, pp. 305-308. 
 
 16. „ " Epipsychidion," in The Gossip, June, 1821. 
 
 17. „ "Adonais" in The Literary Gazette, December 8, 1821, 
 
 pp. 772-773. 
 
 18. „ " Prometheus Unbound " in The Quarterly, No. xli., 
 
 December, 1821, pp. 168-180. 
 
 19. Leiirh Hunt's ' Reviews ' in The Examiner.
 
 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. 
 
 Series III. Section 3. 
 
 The most important critical articles — not necessarily excluding reviews — 
 which have been contributed to later periodicals. 
 
 1. "The Life and Poetry of Shelley," by David Masson, in Macmillan's 
 Magazine, June, 1860, pp. 338-350. 
 
 2. "The Poems of Shelley," in The North British Review, No. cv., 
 October, 1870, pp. 30-58. 
 
 3. " Shelley s Metaphysics," by A. Corderv, in the Dark Blue, June, 1872, 
 pp. 478-488. 
 
 4. " Shelley's 'Prometheus Unbound,' " by Arthur Clive, in The Gentle- 
 man's Magazine, No. lxxi., April, 1874, pp. 421-437. 
 
 5. Mr. W. M. Rossetti'fi two Lectures on Shelley, in the Dublin 
 University Magazine, February and March, 1878, pp. 138-155, 262-277. 
 
 6. "Some Thoughts on Shellev," by Stopford A. Brooke, in Macmillan's 
 Magazine, No. 248, June, 1880, pp. 124-135. 
 
 7. '-The Prometheus of jEschylus and of Shelley," by the Rev. W. A. 
 O'Conor, B.A., in The Manchester Quart, rig, No. i., January, 1882, pp. 29-45. 
 
 8. "Shelley as a Teacher," by H. S. Salt, in Temple Bar, ISo. 264, 
 November, 1882, pp. 365-377. 
 
 9. "A Note on Shelley," by James Thomson (B.V.) in Progress, vol. iii., 
 No. 2, February, 1884, pp. 113-117. 
 
 10. "Some Early Writings of Shelley," by Professor Dowden, in The 
 Contemporary Review, September, 1884, pp. 383-396. 
 
 Series IV. Miscellaneous. 
 
 1. " A Shelley Bibliography." Part I. Edited by H. Buxton Forman. 
 [Now ready']. (Of this work, published by Reeves and Turner, the Shelley 
 Society will issue a copy to each of its Members.) 
 
 2. " The Cenci " : a cheap edition for the Society's performance of the 
 Tragedy in May, 1886, with an Introduction by H. Buxton Forman, and 
 Notes by Alfred Forman. 
 
 3. "A Shelley Primer." (Messrs. Reeves and Turner, 196, Strand, 
 W.C., will publish this, probably in 1886, and the Society will take a copy 
 for each of its Members.) 
 
 4. Extracts from books relating to Shelley, compiled under the super- 
 intendence of H. Buxton Forman. 
 
 5. "Shelley's Autobiography." A collection of all passages by Shelley 
 relating to himself and his works, with annotations by Wm. Michael Rossetti. 
 
 6. "A Concordance to Shelley's Poetical Works," and "a General and 
 Subject Index to his Prose Works and Letters." Mrs. H. Buxton Forman 
 has kindly placed her material for the former portion of this work at the 
 Society's disposal. Mr. F. S. Ellis has been good enough to undertake the 
 editorship of it. The Committee ask for volunteer help in both portions. 
 Specimens will be ready soon. Offers of help for the Concordance are to be 
 sent to Mr. F. S. Ellis, The Red House, Chelston, Torquay, and for the 
 Index to H. B. Forman,- 46, Marlborough Hill, St. John's Wood, London, 
 N.W.
 
 SHELLEY SOCIETY. MEMBERS. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Abbott, T. C, Eastlegh, Queen's Koad, Bowdon. 
 
 Armour, George A., 116, Home Insurance Buildings, Chicago, U.S.A. 
 Ashbee, C. R. A., King's College, Cambridge. 
 
 Axon, Wm. E. A., 66, Murray Street, Higher Broughton, Manchester. 
 Baddeley, St. Clair, 5, Albert Hall Mansions, Kensington Gore S.W 
 Bangs, Lemuel W., 188, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 
 Barnard, Mrs. Jas. Mason, Milton Hill, Milton, Mass., U.S.A. 
 Beaumont, Hubert, 144, Piccadilly, London, W. 
 Bell, Rev. Canon, D.D., Cheltenham. 
 
 Bell, Matthew, Temple "Works, Cursitor Street, London, E.C. 
 Bennett, W. P.. 3, Bull Street, Birmingham. 
 Berdoe, E., Tynemouth House, Victoria Park Gate, London, E. 
 Best, John Vincent, 42, Lansdowne Gardens, South Lambeth, S.W. 
 Blind, Miss Mathilde, 10, Pembroke Square, Kensington, W. 
 Bradley, Miss Emily T., Deanery, Westminster. 
 Britton, John James, Heath House, Alcester, Warwickshire. 
 Brooke, Rev. Stopford A., 1, Manchester Square, London, W. 
 Burgiu, Geo. B., 7, Dryden Road, Bush Hill Park, Enfield, N. 
 Call, Major, R.E., 26, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W. 
 Call, Mrs. C. F., 26, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W. 
 Call, W. M. W., 9, Addison Gardens, Kensington, W. 
 Call, Mrs. W., 9, Addison Gardens, Kensington, W. 
 Clough, William, 55, High Street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock. 
 Coles, C. B. Cowper, 95, Wigmore Street, London, W. 
 Craig, W. J., 8, Grenville Street, Brunswick Square, W.C. 
 Cyriax, Jules, 33, Douglas Road, Canonbury, London, N. 
 Dale, Andrew, 12, The Terrace, Camberwell Park, London, S.E. 
 Dallas-Glyn, Mrs., 13, Mount Street, Grosvenor Square, London, W. 
 Dobell, Bertram, 66, Queen's Crescent, Haverstock Hill, N.W. 
 Dowdeswell, Chas., Brantwood, Macaulay Road, Clapham Common, S.W. 
 Draper, E. Herbert, 42, Upper Bedford Place, London, W.C. 
 Dyer, Louis, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. 
 Ellis, F. S., The Red House, Chelston, Torquay. 
 Emrys-Jones, Dr. A., M.D., Oak Hill, Fallowfield, Manchester. 
 Firth, E. Harding, Leigh Side, Leigh Woods, Clifton, Bristol. 
 Forman, Alfred, 7, Holbeck Road, Stockwell, London, S.W. 
 Forman, George, 1, Upper Phiilimore Place, Kensington, W. 
 Forman, H. Buxton, 46, Marlborough Hill, St. John's Wood, N.W. 
 Forman, Mrs., 5, Wilton Terrace, Camberwell Grove, S.E. 
 Fountain, Alfred, Highfield, Hillingdon, Uxbridge, Middlesex. 
 Frederickson, Charles W., 741, Lexington Avenue, New York City, U.S.A. 
 Frederickson, Mrs. Charles W., 741, Lexington Avenue, New York City, 
 U.S.A.
 
 10 SHELLEY SOCIETY. MEMBERS. 
 
 Frost, H. F., G, Southampton Street, Strand, London, W.C. 
 
 Furnivall, Dr. F. J., 3, St. George's Sq., Primrose Hill, N.W. (Treasurer.) 
 
 Gal way, John, care of II. S. Sotheran & Co., 13G, Strand, W.C. 
 
 Gaynor, Col. G. (104th Fusiliers), Junior United Service Club, London, S.W^ 
 
 Grove, Miss Millicent S., Sir G. Grove's, Lower Sydenham, S.E. 
 
 Guildhall Library, E.C. (The Library Committee of the Corporation of 
 
 the City of London. W. H. Overall, Librarian.) 
 Hall, C. G., Union Club, Trafalgar Square, London, W. 
 Hanson, E., 4, Chandos Street, Strand, London, W.C. 
 Harrison, Rev. W. A., St. Ann's Vicarage, S. Lambeth, S.W. 
 Hart, Horace, Controller, University Press, Oxford. 
 Hatchard, Mrs. H. Gibbons, Sylvanus Villa, 211, Maida Vale, W 
 Hatchard, Miss Marion L., Sylvanus Villa, 211, Maida Vale, W. 
 Holyoake, Percy, Fairbourne, King's Road, Clapham Park, S.W. 
 Home, F. Wyville, 1, Gordon Villas, Woodside, London, S.E. 
 Hueffer, Mrs., 72, Elsham Road, Addison Road, Kensington, W. 
 Hutt, Charles, 30, Hargrave Park Road, Junction Road, London, N. 
 Jacob, H. P. (of Bombay), Elm Grove, Dawlish. 
 Jones, Hy. A., The Hill House, dial font St. Peter, Slough, Bucks. 
 Kendal, Mrs., 145, Harley Street, London, W. 
 Kerr, Mrs. William, Glan William, Tan-y-Bwlch, Merioneth. 
 Lee, A. Collingwood, 2, Western Road, Ealing, W. 
 
 Lewis, W. B., African Steamship Company, 31, James Street, Liverpool. 
 Low, Miss Marie A., 50, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. 
 Macallister, Miss, Alcester, Warwickshire. 
 Milner, George, President of the Literary Club, Manchester. 
 Mosely, B. L., 55, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. 
 Mugliston, Rev. John, Newick House, Cheltenham. 
 Muir, Wm., 9, Angel Place, Edmonton, London, N. 
 Napier, Prof. A. S., Headington Hill, Oxford. 
 Neate, Mrs., 53, Belsize Park, London, N.W. 
 Palmer, W. J., 11, Pemberton Gardens, Upper Holloway, N. 
 Parkes, W. Kineton, Summerfield Crescent, Edgbaston. 
 Payne, John, 5, Lansdowne Place, Brunswick Square, W.C. 
 Perkins, Rev. Thos., Grammar School, Shaftesbury, Dorset. 
 Pierce, Prof. Jas. Mills, 4. Kirkland Place, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. 
 Posnett, Prof. H. Macaulay, Auckland University, New Zealand. 
 Potts, R. A., 26, South Audley Street, London, W. 
 Power, P. le Poer, Winter's Buildings, 32, St. Ann's Street, Manchester. 
 Preston, Sydney E., 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. (Honorary Secretary.) 
 Rees, J. Rogers, Brecon Old Bank House, Cardilf. 
 Reeves, W., 196, Strand, London, W.C. 
 Reinagle, Mrs., 15, Twyford Place, Tiverton, N. Devon. 
 Revell, Wm. F., 58, Oxford Gardens, Notting Hill, London, W. 
 Richmond, John, Silverbank Villa, Cambuslang, Glasgow.
 
 SHELLEY SOCIETY. MEMBERS. 11 
 
 Roe, Bassett, 25, Richmond Road, Thornliill Crescent, N. 
 
 Rossetti, Wm, M., 5, Endsleigh Gardens, Euston Road, N.W. (Chairman.) 
 
 Rossiter, J. J., 12, Abbot's Walk, Forbury Gardens, Reading. 
 
 Samelson, A., M.D., 15, John Street, Manchester. 
 
 Sampson, Gerald N, Exeter College, Oxford. 
 
 Sarrazin, Gabriel, 21, Rue Vauquelin, Paris. 
 
 Schlengemann, E., 8, Wilberforce Road, Finsbury Park, London, N. 
 
 Scoffern, Mrs. Alice, 107, Clapham Road, S.W. 
 
 Scott, WUliam Bell, 92, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W. 
 
 Sebley, F. J., 7, Pulling Terrace, Cambridge. 
 
 Sellon, Miss, The Hall, Sydenham, London, S.E. 
 
 Sheldon, Edw. W., University Club, Madison Square, New York, U.S.A. 
 
 Shelley, Sir Percy F., Bart., Boscombe Manor, Bournemouth, Hants. 
 
 Shelley, Lady, Boscombe Manor, Bournemouth, Hants. 
 
 Shorter, Clement K., 603, Holloway Road, London, N. 
 
 Silsbee, Edward, 65, Charles Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. 
 
 Simpson, Mrs., 1. Hargwyne Street, Stockwell, S.W. 
 
 Skipwith, Grey Hubert (Trinity Coll.), 26, Holywell Street, Oxford. 
 
 Slark, John, 12, Busby Place, Camden Road, London, N.W. 
 
 Slater, Walter B., 249, Camden Road, London, N. 
 
 Smithson, Mrs. Edward W., 13, Lendal, York. 
 
 Stephens, Arthur, 64, Cavendish Road, Brondesbury, London, N.W. 
 
 Stevenson, A. L., St. Andre wes, Clevedon. 
 
 Stock, Elliot, Fern Lodge, Millfield Lane, Highgate Rise, N. 
 
 Sweet, Hy., Mansfield Cottage, Heath Street, Hampstead, N.W. 
 
 Tegetmeier, W. B., Alexandra Grove, Finchley, London, N. 
 
 Tempest, Adolphus Vane, 112, Bond Street, London, W. 
 
 Thwaites, E. W., 16, Dunham Villas, Kensington, London, W. 
 
 Tozer, Rev. Henry Fanshawe, 10, Norham Gardens, Oxford. 
 
 Todhunter, Dr. J., Orchardcroft, Bedford Park, London, W. 
 
 Tyrer, C. E., Manchester and Salford Bank, Manchester. 
 
 Verrall, A. W., 3, Newnham Terrace, Cambridge. 
 
 Walhouse, M. J., 9, Randolph Crescent, Maida Vale, London, W. 
 
 Whiteley, George, 40, Liverpool Street, London, W.C. 
 
 Wilkinson, T. R., Manchester and Salford Bank, Manchester. 
 
 Wilmot, J. G, Junior Carlton Club, PaU Mall, London, S.W. 
 
 Wise, T. J., 127, Devonshire Road, Holloway, London, N. 
 
 Woods, Mrs. H. G., 28, Holywell, Oxford. (124 Members.) 
 
 The Committee appeal to every Member to use his best efforts to increase 
 the Society's numbers. Personal canvassing of all likely well-wishers is 
 what is needed.
 
 12 SHELLEY SOCIETY. OTHER SOCIETIES. 
 
 OTHER SOCIETIES. 
 
 New ShaJcspere, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1873, to promote the in- 
 telligent study of Shakspere, and to print his Works in their original 
 Spelling, with illustrative Treatises. President, Robert Browning. 
 Director, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec, K. Grahame, 65, Chelsea Gardens , 
 Chelsea Bridge Road, London, S.W. Subscription One Guinea a year. 
 
 Chaucer, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1868, to print all the best Chaucer 
 MSS., &c. Editor in chief, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec, W. A. Dalziel, 
 67, Victoria Road, Finsbury Park, N. Subscription Two Guineas a year. 
 
 Wycl'tf, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1882, to print Wyclifs Latin Works. 
 Editors, F. D. Matthew, Reginald Lane Poole, Dr. Rudolf Buddensieg, 
 Prof. Loserth, &c. Hon. Sec, J. W. Standerwick, General Post Office, E.C. 
 Subscription, One Guinea a year. 
 
 Early English Text, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1864, to print all Early 
 English literary MSS. Director, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec. W. A. Dalziel, 
 67, Victoria Road, Finsbury Park, N. One Guinea a year for the Original 
 Seiies of prints of MSS. only, and One Guinea for the Extra Series of 
 prints from MSS. or blackdetters of Texts before printed. 
 
 Ballad, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1868, to print all early English MS. 
 Ballads, and reprint the Roxburghe, Bagford and other collections of 
 printed Ballads. Editor in chief, The Rev. J. W. Ebsworth, M.A. 
 Hon. Sec, W. A. Dalziel, 67, Victoria Rd., London, N. £1 Is. a year. 
 
 Brovm'mg, founded in July 1881, by Dr. Furnivall and Miss E. H. Hickey, 
 to further the study of Robert Browning's poems, and to print papers on 
 them and Illustrations of them. Subscription, One Guinea a year. 
 Hon. Sec., J. Dykes Campbell, 23, Albert Hall Mansions, Kensington 
 Gore, London, S.W. 
 
 Philological, founded in 1842, to investigate the Structure, Affinities, and 
 the History of Languages. Hon. Sec, F. J. Furnivall. One Guinea 
 entrance, and one a year. Parts I. and II. of the Society's English 
 Dictionary, for which material has been collecting for 28 years, have 
 been lately issued, edited by Dr. J. A. H. Murray, and pubLisht by the 
 Clarendon Press, Oxford. 
 
 Wagner, to promote the study of his Musical and other works, and the 
 performance of his Operas at Bayreuth. Hon. Sec. for England, B. L. 
 Mosely, 55, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. Subscription, Ten Shillings 
 a year. 
 
 Shakspere Quarto Facsimiles, 10s. 6d. each, or 6s. if the whole series is 
 taken, edited by F. J. Furnivall, Prof. Dowden, Mr. P. A. Daniel, Mr. 
 H. A. Evans, Mr. Arthur Symons, Mr. T. Tyler, and other Shakspere 
 scholars. B. Quaritch, 15, Piccadilly, London, W. (Twenty Facsimiles 
 have been published, and ten more will be ready soon. The Series will 
 be completed in 1886.)
 
 PR-
 
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