THE OLD TESTAMENT,' ARRANGED IN HISTORICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, (ON THE BASIS OF LIGHTFOOT'S CHRONICLE,) IN SUCH A MANNER, THAT THE BOOKS, CHAPTERS, PSALMS, PROPHECIES, kc. fcc. MAT BE READ AS ONE CONNECTED HISTORY, WORDS OF THE AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION. WITH NOTES AND COPIOUS INDEXES. REV. GEORGE TOWNSEND, M. A PREBENDARY OF DURHAM, AND VICAR OF NORTHALLERTON. REVISED, PUNCTUATED, DIVIDED INTO PARAGRAPHS AND PARALLELISMS, ITALIC WORDS REEXAMINED, A CHOICE AND COPIOUS SELECTION OF REFERENCES GIVEN, &c. BY THE REV. T. W. COIT, D.D. LATE PRESIDENT OF TRANSYLTAKIA UKITEESITY. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY PERKINS AND MARVIN. PHILADELPHIA: HENRY PERKINS. 1838. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1838, by Perkins and Marvin, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. STEREOTYPED AT THE BOSTON TYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY, Perkins 4* Marvin.. ..Printers. PREFACE THE AMERICAN EDITION. It seems to be a strange and mournful truth, that the best book under heaven should have been thrown into a shape specially ill-adapted for making it attractive and easily understood. Yet such is doubtless a literal fact in respect to the Holy Scriptures. For their divisions, into chapters and verses, and the order of their various and numerous books, are now universally admitted to be purely the work, and, it may well be added, the fault, of man. I say, the fault, since these divisions, how convenient soever for bare reference, have hindered multitudes from learning and feeling, and, more particularly, from appreciating trains of thought and argument in the Sacred Writers ; and have made that singular or myste- rious, which a natural and logical connection of passages would have rendered reasonable, fitting, and clear. The order of the books of Scrip- ture, as they stand in the Common Version, has no good excuse, now known ; but, although the most unskilled student of Theology is aware, that it pays little respect to chronological or historical regularity, it cor tinues to disfigure almost every Bible in the world. , The simple and serious object of the following; volumes is, to r' , Book of books into such a shape, as will enable it best to d'*^ ' -^ . i 1 • •. If 1 •. J • IV • ^^'ter. And explam itselr — be its own recommendation, and its own inte'' it is cordially believed, that, to those who will use them -' ^ . ranee sufficiently faithful to give their plan a fair ap^'^^^ i ' will be found more promotive of both instriiction a^^ ^ ^\ I i -i of the common helps to scriptural knowledge, j i»^y ^^^ ^ *i 1 » A c ' ^ A 1 * * :u oareful and meditative, the to the hasty and superficial reader; but to the" a v Bible will here be discovered as possessing- "^^^'^ true form and comeli- ness, and beauty, for which one may -^esire it, than in any edition in which it has heretofore been arrayed '^^^fore the public eye. ihis may look like strong assertion to thr«e whom prejudice or habit has so accustomed to the ordinary co«ciallv as, for reasons not necessa. ^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^ ,^^ ^o^.jj ,^o^ ^^^-^^ t,,^^,, i,, j,,i„t ; and of course he cannot w .^^^.,. ■^- „^,,^>,s ^.,1,^ exceptions to them. If his begmnmg, however, help .^j^^j. ^^1^^^,^ ^^, hj^^.s^lf to do better here- after, his toil will not be fruitless In commending these volumes ., instructors in religion, the Editor does not hesitate to say, that any clo-o-yman who will make them his constant manuals and guides, will deriv. immeasurably greater profit from them, than from hesitating and quoting critics, or the dogmatizing champions of systems of Theology. At least, sc^h will be the case with PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION. V every clergyman who studies fiiilhfally and impartially, and is a man of independent thought. For these volumes will bring the Bible before him, in the best possible attitude for him to take an original view of its sentiments, and form upon them an unprompted and unbiased judgment. They offer him Divine Truth, as it is in itself, and by itself; and profound reflection over it, with the aid of promised wisdom to the prayerful, will, it is confidently urged, make him a modern Apollos, " mighty in the Scriptures;" mightier far than if he could cite a dozen authorities for every verse of Scripture, and find himself confounded, as many a one has been before him, by the weight of names and the influence of party. If these volumes were made the basis and direction of regular in- struction from the desk — furnishing plan and matter for that most ancient and profitable style of preaching, the exposition and the homily; or if they were used as text-books, where biblical lessons and lectures are given, in Colleges, Schools, or parochial Bible-classes, they would be found eminently useful, and, in a short time, not less agreeable.* Indeed, the Editor will venture to say, that the English reader, who will, for a few^ months, use his Bible in the shape here offered him, will prefer it ever after to any other. As to the minor improvements of the present edition, besides those enu- merated in the title-page, the number of indexes, full as it was, has been increased, the verses numbered in the text, and not in the margin, and the arrangement of the sections reviewed, and, in some cases, altered. The numbering of the verses in the body of the text will be found an essential advantage, in using a paragraph Bible for reference ; as it is frequently difficult, when the numbers are in the margin, to determine the precise commencement or close of a verse. In respect to the Italic words, it is well known to biblical scholars, that, in 1769, Dr. Benjamin Blayney, under the direction of the Vice-Chan- cellor and Delegates of the University of Oxford, thoroughly revised our Common Version, and, among other things, carefully printed in Italics every word for which there was not an identical representative in the original. But this was a needless, and, in multitudes of instances, a useless labor ; and, in consequence, an attempt has been made to dimin- ish his Italics. Had time permitted, they would all have been examined, and such only retained, as, taking into consideration the idioms of the original, might seem worthy of special notice. f * "Townsend's Chronological Arrangement of the Bible should be the universal study-Bible." — Car- penter's Biblical Companion, p. 47, Lond. ed. t Dr. Blayney seems to have quite forgotten, that the idioms of ancient tongues allow many things to be habitually understood or unexpressed, which it is, of course, no liberty in a translator to supply. Nothing, for example, is more common or lawful, iu Hebrew, than to leave the verb of existence, (•• to be," in our tongue,) or a pronoun, understood. Thus, in the second verse of i^' Genesis, we find the sacred writer, after saying that " the earth was without form," leaving out his verb, and saying, in the next clause, to translate literally, " and darkness upon the face of the deep." And so. also, it is equally common and lawful, in Hebrew, when a word has been used in one clause, to omit it in the clause following or correlative —a rule which covers the case already stated. Thus, in Genesis xxii. 12, the angel says, " Thou hast not withheld thy son, tliine only son, from me ;. " or, to translate to the letter agam, " thine only from me." This usage is particularly common in Hebrew poetry. Thus, in Job xvi. 6, the conjunction " though " is omitted in the second clause ; and in Isaiah xli. 6, " every one " \s VI PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION. It may be of some moment, for those who are anxious, and properly so, about the text of a Bible, to know that this edition does not pretend to translate anew, but employs the Common Version throughout. Let no one, then, be fearful of not finding here the Bible he has been aecus- tomed to peruse : it is not with the text, but with the disposition of the text, that liberties (or what some may deem liberties) have been taken. And these liberties the strictest critics must and do justify ; for the sentiments only of the Bible are to be regarded as inspired. The arranging of these sentiments, in longer or shorter sections, in chapters, verses, or parallelisms, and things of like nature, is as completely the work of man, as the transcribing of these sentiments on parchment, in the days of the apostles, or the printing of them on paper, in this nineteenth century. June, 1838. THOMAS W. COIT. POSTSCRIPT, It has been thought, by those who, perhaps, understand the wants of a certain class of readers better than himself, that the first paragraph of the Preface is too brief and vague an account of the original state of the Bible's text, and the changes through which it has passed. The Editor would therefore add, that the text of the Bible has experienced a treatment the like of which has been visited, and, it might be said, inflicted, upon that of no other dignified and grave composition whatsoever. The common method of writing has always been to put single sentiments into sentences ; a strain of sentiment into a paragraph ; the discussion of a branch of a main topic into a section, chapter, or book. And this common method is so obvious, that it can be comprehended and appreciated by the plainest minds. But the Bible, though it abounds in pieces of composition in which the closest connection prevails, has, for a long time, been cut up into chapters and verses, as if it were nothing but a string of aphorisms or independent propositions.* The origin of this is obscure. Perhaps, as the division of the Bible into verses is more ancient than the division of it into chapters, this first division was made during the time of Ezra. The following reasons induce this opinion. Ezra, as is well known, had much to do in collecting and arranging the Jewish Scriptures. He sustained to them the office (to speak after our modern style) of an editor. It is also said, that he read and expounded them from a pulpit. (Nehemiah viii. 1 — 9.) Of course as, according to omitted in the same clause : and so on, in endless instances ; for these have been selected in the most cursory manner possible. The same remarks might be made of the Greek. Thus, in Acts xi. 17, the verb - gave" is omitted in the second clause, and supplied by " he did," which is accordingly Italicized ; and, in Acts xiii. 2L>, the pronoun " him" is twice omitted, and as often introduced, in the translation. But Dr. Blayncy seems to have regarded all sucli omissions, and others as easily accounted for. as matters for serious observation, when the veriest novice could have been taught how to supply tliem. Evidently, then, he has most needlessly multiplied Italics, to tlie confusion and perplexity of unlearned readers, who are unaware that they are not used in the Bible for emphasis, as in other volumes, but to mark words supposed to be wanting in the original. Scores, and hundreds, and perha])s tiiousands?, of our present Italics, answer no valuable purpose, and no more deserve distinction in a translation than would ille in a translation of the Latin word dixit. The merest ciiild in Latin understands tiiat a verb, in that language, may, in ten thousand cases, as well be witiiout a pronoun as with it. Little idiomatic usages, of this kind, are intuitively learned by the scholar ; who never dreams that he is taking a liberty, in supplying any trifling omissions which they cause in another tongue, into which he is translating, or that he fails in the strictest fid(>lity, by converting them, if need be, into equivalent expressions. * It is not too much to say, that this treatment of the Bible has changed the style of preaching. Now, the religious teacher takes a single sentence, and makes an oration upon it. In primitive times, (as the homilies of the fathers show,)'it was customary to make an exposition of a considerable portion of Scripture ; — a method which, unquestionably, is generally more instructive, and often more entertainmg. PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION. vii Nehemiah, he was compelled to use the assistance of interpreters, (the people having lost their knowledge of the ancient Hebrew during the captivity,) he could read so much only, as could be conveniently read and expounded at once, i. e. a sentence. Going thus through much or all of the Old Testament, then written, might have occasioned the habit of making it up into sentences. Hence the verse system then ; and it might possibly have existed before, from its convenience to previous oral lecturers or instructors. The system of dividing the Bible into chapters probably took its origin from marking selections to be read or chanted in the temple or synagogue service, and was followed from the Old Testament into the New.* These arbitrary divisions, arising from accident, fancy, or temporary convenience, were probably perpetuated to distant times, and laid the foundation of the chapter and verse system of our modern Bibles. It is said that Cardinal Hugo, of the Roman Catholic Church, who flourished about A. D. 1240, was the first who formed the chapters of the Bible as we now have them. And he did this for the convenience of mere reference; he being at work, at the time, on a Concord- ance. Hugo thus divided that Latin translation of the Scriptures used by the Romish Church, and now well known by the name of the Vulgate. Rabbi Mordecai Nathan, who wished to make a Concordance to the Hebrew' Scriptures, about A. D. 1440, followed Hugo's example; and Robert Stephens, for the same reason, the example of both, in his edition of the New Testament, published A. D. 1551. Hugo had no verses in his Bible, but marked every fifth line by a Roman capital; and this fashion prevailed in Wickliffe's, and even in Tindal's time, (so late as A. D. 152G,) for their translations of the New Testament are divided like the Vulgate of Hugo. When, precisely, the verses and chapters, which we now have, were first fully developed, it is perhaps impossible to tell. Nor is it important to know, so long as we can satisfac- torily prove that the entire plan of thus dividing the Bible is the work of various times and hands ; and, in every case, of merely human and uninspired judgment. As to the ORDER of whole books of Scripture,! critics, who are familiar with it as it has exhibited itself in the Bibles of different languages, well know, that this order is often arbitrary and perplexing. The ancient Jewish division of the Bible is alluded to by our Saviour, in Luke xxiv. 44, where he says, " that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses, and in the Prophets, and in the Psalms, concerning" him. The Law, under the Jewish arrangement, embraced the five books of Moses ; the Prophets, the strictly prophetical, and most of the historical portions of the Old Tes- tament ; X and the Psalms, all the rest, i. e. the Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Canticles, &c. This last book, or volume, was called " The Psalms," because the Psalms was the first tract in the collection. Such was the Jewish arrangement. Ours is hardly as good. We have, e. g., our major and minor prophets, digested without regard to historical and chronological order, so that many a reader of the Bible is surprised to find that Isaiah is by no means the oldest prophet, because he comes, first, but that Joel, and Amos, and Hosea, (not to say others, according to some,) all go before him in point of time. In the New Testament, also, the Epistle to the Romans is, probably, often taken for the first Epistle written by Paul, which is by no means the case ; and not a few will be surprised to learn, it is now generally admitted, that John's Gospel was written after his Revelation. § As to the POETRY of Scripture : that there was the spirit of poetry in the Bible, mast have been known by all its intelligent readers, hundreds of years ago. But what, * That it bears the marks of haste or caprice, is very manifest. A most strikinjr instance is furnished in the first period of the viii"^ chapter of the Acts, "And Saul was consenting unto his death." This belongs to the history at the close of the vii"' chapter, from which it has been, almost wantonly, sundered. t It is well known, also, that the order of portions of books is a matter of question. In the prophets, for example, we have in one book many different messages or oracles, and the particular order of these oracles, in Isaiah and Jeremiah, has been much debated. Ezekiel presents less difficulty, as he generally , dates his successive communications to his countrymen. t Daniel excepted, who was supposed to be left out because of his plain allusions to the expected Messiah ; to his advent and death, before the destruction of the city and sanctuary. § It is not put after the Revelation, however, in this chronological Bible, for the obvious reason, that it is broken up among its sister Gospels, in order to make a harmony out of them, and present the life of Christ in a continued narrative. vui PREFACE TO THE AMERICAN EDITION. rhetorically, constituted tliis poetry ; whether it was blank verse, or metre, or what it was, seems not to have been well settled, until the time of Bishop Lowth, who flourished so late as only the last century. He, in his introduction to a new translation of Isaiah, maintained, that the chief char.icteristic of Hebrew poetry consisted in uttering a particular sentiment in one line, and repeating its counterpart or opposite in another line, or lines, called its parallelism, or parallelisms, i. e., its parallel as a direct resemblance, its expansion, or its contrast. These parallelisms run generally in pairs ; but they are sometimes found in triplets. Thus, in the very opening of the Psalms, we have a triplet. The sentiment or burden of this Psalm is, that the good is a blessed or happy man ; and this is expressed in three illustrations, each of which is made more conspicuous and intelligible by throwing it into a separate line, thus : — " Blessed is the man. That walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly. Nor standeth in the way of sinners, Nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful." In the last verse of this Psalm, we have an instance of the antithetical or antagonist parallelism; the last line expressing the opposite of the first : — " For the Lord knoweth [approveth] the way of the righteous ; But the way of the ungodly shall perish," [lead to perdition.] Such being the nature of Hebrew poetry ; it having no measured syllables to admit of its being scanned, like the poetry of the Greeks and Romans, nor the features of our modern rhyme and blank verse; it seems but just that its reigning feature should be brought into full view, by placing each parallelism in a separate line, so that the eye may assist the understanding. Nothing is easier than to do this, after a little practice, where the poetry is of a high-wrought and elevated kind ; but occasionally there is a sort of rhythmical or measured prose in the Bible, which, while it seems to be poetical, has not the distinct parallelisms of other portions. The books of Ecclesiastes and Ezekiel, and, generally, of the prophets, furnish specimens of this character, and on them the Editor has bestowed a pains, which perhaps will not satisfy critics, but which, he trusts, will not be without its benefit to the English reader. All these observations, then, go to show the literal truth of the assertion in the Preface, that whatever Divine Truth may, in itself, be or have been, the method of disposing, arrancrina, and exhibiting it, is the work of man, and is therefore a fair subject for human attempts at improvement. No person, therefore, ought ever to object to any effort which may throw the Bible into such a shape that its sentiments (which are its essence, and have Divine authority) may be most clearly apparent and most easily understood. 0:7=' The reader will remember, that the single brackets, in the text of the New Tes- tament, mark words of doubtful authority ; and the double brackets, words about whose spuriousness there is no question. INTRODUCTION The Chronicle of the learned Lightfoot has been made the basis of the following Arrangement. Of all the writers of the day in which he lived, this celebrated divine is supposed to have been the most deeply versed in the knowledge of the Scriptures. It was his custom for many years to note down, as opportunity presented in the course of his tahnudical and other studies, the order and time of the several .passages of Scripture, as they came under his consideration. By pursuing this method, he gradually formed that invaluable Chronicle, which his biographer, and the editor of his works, has placed before all his other publications, as the most useful and important. The title of this celebrated tract is, A Chronicle of the Times, and the Order of the Texts of the Old Testament, wherein the Books, Chapters, Psalms, Stories, Prophecies, &fC. are reduced into their proper order, and taken up in their proper places, in lohich the natural method and genuine series of the Chronology requireth them, to be taken in. With reason given of Dislocations ivhere they come. And many remarkable Notes and Observations given all along for the better understanding of the Text ; the Difficulties of the Chronicle declared ; the Differences occurring in the relating of Stories reconciled ; and exceeding many Scruples and Obscurities in the Old Testament explained. Lightfoot was so eminent, that Bishop Walton consulted him both on the Polyglott Bible, and tlie Samaritan Pentateuch, Dr. Castel on his Heptaglott Lexicon, and Pole on his Sy7iopsis Criticorum. Buxtorf, Dr. Outram, Thorndike, and Morinus, with other distinguished men, openly expressed how much they admired and venerated him. The most learned foreigners came to England to visit him. In the assembly of divines at Westminster, he was the most distinguished for his learning and ability; opposing the more violent measures, and frequently by his arguments changing the sentiments of the majority. His work was published at the time when the nation was unfortunately engaged in the bitter contests between the King and his Parliament. We are not possessed of sufficient means of accurately ascertaining the reception this invaluable Chronicle met with from the public ; but if we may judge from the complaints of his biographers, Dr. Bright, and Mr. Strype, the author of the Annals, it does not appear to have obtained much celebrity, nor to have attracted the attention it so well deserved. This supposition is still further corroborated by the singular omission of the work, in the list mentioned by Torshel in his rare and valuable pamphlet. This divine was chaplain to King Charles the First, and tutor to the royal VOL. I. 1 A 2 INTRODUCTION. children. In the year before the death of his royal master, he published a tract (which was afterwards reprinted in The Phcenix) entitled, A Design about disposing the Bible into a Harmony ; or an Essay concerning the transposing the Order of Books and Chapters of the Holy Scriptures, for the reducing of all into a continued History — The Benefits, Difficulties, and the Helps. The tract was addressed to the right honorable the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament ; intimating to them the propriety and necessity of taking the subject on which it treats into consideration, that under their gracious auspices and influence " it may grow to full maturity." Torshcl's object, indeed, was to induce the two Houses to appoint a committee to execute his plans. Had Lightfoot and Torshel united their efforts in this cause, it is not improbable that the sanction of the legislature at that period might have been obtained, and a most accurate and valuable arrangement been made by the learned men, who, at that time, abounded in England. " Let the state," says Torshel, " only please to make it their care, after the example of some kings and republics, that have done such like works of general use, for the advance of learning and divine knowledge, and they will find some men very learned of their own order, besides many in the profession of divinity, and others of private quality, that will contribute m.uch assistance to it." And in another part — " If the state may please to look upon it with favor and encouragement, somewhat may be done to the great service of the Churches of Christ," (Lc. The state, however, paid no attention to the petition, and the design of harmonizing the Bible has not hitherto been put into execution. Dr. Hales, the learned and laborious author of The Analysis of Sacred Chronology, is the last w^riter by whom this design of Torshel has been brought before the public. After enumerating a variety of works, which have been submitted at different times to the world, to assist the reader of Scripture in his attempts to understand the Sacred Volume, Dr. Hales observes, " We have still to search in vain for a competent history of the Bible ; a history which shall be plain and clear, even to the unlearned, and yet concise, correct, and critical; competent 1st. to arrange all the scattered events of Scripture in a regular and lucid chronological and geographical order ; 2nd. to trace the connection between the Old and New Testaments throughout, so as to render the whole one uniform and consistent narrative ; 3rd. to expound the mysteries, doctrines, and precepts of both, intelligibly, rationally, and faithfully ; without adding to, or diminishing from, the word of God ; and without undue respect to persons, parties, or sects ; 4th. to unfold and interpret the whole grand and comprehensive scheme of ' the prophetic argument ' from Genesis to Revelation, all admirably linked, and closely connected together, subsisting in the Divine Mind, before the foundation of the world ; and gradually revealed to mankind at sundry times, and in divers modes and degrees, during the Patriarchal, Mosaical, and Christian dispensations, as they were able to bear it; 5th. to solve real difficulties, and reconcile apparent dissonances, resulting from the obscurity of the original text, or from inaccurate translations ; 6th. to silence skeptics and heretics, infidels and scoffers, by exposing the weakness and inconclusiveness of their objections and cavils ; 7th. to defend the institutions of the primitive Church against schismatics and levellers, and, in fine, 8th. to copy as closely as possible the brevity and conciseness, yet simplicity and plainness of the Gospel style. Such a history of the Bible is altogether a desideratum in the annals of sacred literature." INTRODUCTION. 3 " Such a plan was partly proposed," Dr. Hales proceeds to observe, " many years ago, after" (more properly during) "the grand rebellion, by Samuel Torshel, a preceptor of the royal family of Charles the First, who addressed the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament on this great and important national concern." Torshel proposed " to dispose the Bible into a method and harmony, by trans- posing the order of the books and chapters, inserting the Sacred Oracles according to the times they were delivered in, and the Psalms in their places, and on the occasions which they were framed to suit, in such a manner that by the mere force of series and connection, the historical and prophetical parts may reciprocally explain and authenticate each other." The miscellaneous form of the Sacred Books has been often considered by pious and learned men, as one principal cause of" those difficulties, which have given rise to so many commentaries. The great majority of the readers of Scripture are either unable, or unwilling, to undergo the delightful labor of arranging the scattered events in their unbroken and historical order. Much error has arisen from this neglect. The Scriptures are too generally perused in detached passages and chapters only. It is but too frequently considered as a collection of unconnected narratives, promises, warnings, prophecies, and miscellaneous remarks on important and interesting subjects. Hence the most opposite doctrines have been taught, and the most inconsistent inferences drawn ; and the Christian world, which ought to profess one faith, as it has but one Scripture, one Lord, and one Baptism, is divided into every possible gradation of opinion, each of which is defended by its advocates from detached and misapplied passages of Scripture. The inspired writers, though living in so many different ages, writing upon various occasions, without communication with each other, of opposite talents, dispositions, circumstances, and education, confirm and support, throuo-hout, one code and system, the general plan of which does not, in any one instance, appear to have been present to their minds when the various books of the Old Testament were penned. Uninspired authors, although educated on the same plan, of the same age and country, writing with the same object, of the same sect and party, and defending the same system of opinions, will frequently vary in their modes of expression, in their statements of arguments, in their ideas of the subject matter ; and will be often found to contradict, either through inadvertence or through the defect of language, the positions of their own partisans : whereas, among the inspired writers, there is no contradiction, no opposition, no diversity of sentiment, in any of the difficult and important subjects upon which they treat. The various passages of the history of the M^orld and Church, contained in their united labors, like the links of a chain, are so interwoven with each other, that they cannot be separated. The precepts, examples, and doctrines, they inculcate, are so varied, yet so blended, that they form one complete and perfect system of religious ethics. Let not the pious Christian feel any conscientious scruples against alterino- the disposition of the Sacred Text, as contained in our common Bibles ; or suppose that this Arrangement is intended to supersede the authorized version. The four Gospels, which are equally entitled to our veneration with the Old Testament, have been repeatedly arranged in their supposed historical order, in the form of diatessarons and harmonies ; and no opposition has ever yet been made on the part of the English Church to the labors of its exemplary 4 INTRODUCTION. divines, who engaged in these useful works. " No variation in the order of the Sacred Books (Prideaux observes, Connection, vol. ii. p. 477, 10th edit.) is of any moment. For in what order soever the books are placed, they are still the word of God, and no change, in this respect, can make any change in that divine authority which is stamped upon them." And that this is a just view of the question is further evident from two very important facts: first; that although the Church of Christ has long ago fixed the numher of the canonical books, neither the Jewish Church, before the advent of Christ, nor the Christian Church, since his advent, has pronounced the order of these books to be canonical ; and, secondly ; that though the Old Testament was edited nearly in its present form, so far as relates to the number only of the books, first by Ezra, and afterwards by the great Sanhedrin, yet the collocation of these books is different in the Hebrew, Syriac, Greek, and Latin versions. The position, therefore, of the books, could not have been regarded as a matter of essential importance ; and it may justly be concluded, that an attempt to arrange them in their chronological order ought not to be condemned as an infringement of the Sacred Canon. The three principal writers, who give any light on the subject of the order of the books of the Sacred Writings as left by Ezra, are Joseph us, Origen, and Jerome. Josephus gives no catalogue of the Sacred Books ; he merely observes (contra Apion, lib. i. c. 8,) that the Jews had twenty-two sacred books; five composed by Moses ; thirteen of prophetic and historical writings ; and four which contain hymns to God, and precepts for the direction of the conduct of men. Here is a plain reference to the three great divisions, the Law, the Prophets, and the Hagiography ; but of the order in which these books were consecutively placed, we have no intimation. Origen, who made the Scriptures the study of his life, has made an arrangement of the books of the Old Testament very different from tliat in our Bibles; he preserves ail the canonical books, but with respect to their order he appears to consider it as a matter of indifference. The Hebrews, he remarks, (Origen's Works, Benedictine edition, vol. ii. p, SSO,) have twenty-two books: 1. Genesis, 2. Exodus, 3. Leviticus, 4. Numbers, 5. Deuteronomy, 6. Joshua, 7. Judges and Pv-uth, 8. The First and Second Books of Kings, or Samuel, 9. Third and Fourth of Kings, 10. The First and Second of Chronicles, 11. Ezra, or Ezra and Nehemiah, 12. The Book of Psalms, 13. Proverbs, 14. Ecclesiastes, 15. Canticles, 16. Isaiah, 17. Jeremiah, the Lamentations, and the Epistle, 18. Daniel, 19. Ezekiel, 20. Job, 21. Esther. By some strange mistake the twenty-second book, that of the minor prophets, has been omitted. Jerome, who translated and wrote a commentary on the Scriptures, and studied in Judaea under the most learned Jews, may be supposed to have exhibited the arrangement which obtained in his time. His catalogue may be found in the Benedictine edition, vol. i. p. 318. He divides the Sacred Books into the three usual classes, the Law, the Prophets, and the Hagiography. In the first are contained, 1. Genesis, 2. Exodus, 3. Leviticus, 4. Numbers, 5, Deuteronomy. In the second class, 6. Joshua, 7. Judges and Ruth, 8. First and Second of Samuel, 9. First and Second of Kings, 10. Isaiah, 11. Jeremiah, 12. Ezekiel, 13. The twelve minor prophets, all in one book. The third class contains, 14. Job, 15. The Psalms, in five books, 16. Proverbs, 17. Ecclesiastes, 18. Canticles, 19. Daniel, 20. First and Second of Chronicles, 21. Ezra, divided into two books, 22. Esther. Thus twenty-two books are computed, Moses five, the Prophets eight, the Hagiography nine. INTRODUCTION. 5 The copies of the Vulgate differ from each other. In some MSS, of the Vulgate, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Canticles, are placed after Malachi. The catalogues of Origen and Jerome are most probably nearest to the Esdrine arrangement ; yet as these vary from each other, and we have no means of ascertaining which is the more correct, we have reason to suppose, either that the arrangement by Ezra is totally lost, or that in the different copies published in his time, and in that of the great Sanhedrin, the order of the books varied; and as the precise order has in no Church been so far considered of moment as to be made canonical, it may justly be concluded, that no reasonable objection can be made to a connected arrangement of the Sacred Volume. Almost every commentator has observed the miscellaneous disposition of the contents of the Old Testament; and has pointed out the historical place of many chapters, and passages. Since the time of Lightfoot, biblical literature has been so much the object of general attention, that it was necessary to consult the labors of many modern divines, as well as of those who immediately preceded him. The union of these authorities, it is hoped, will give additional sanction to the work. Where a difference of opinion has prevailed among these various writers, the Arranger has been compelled to decide on the validity of opposing arguments ; and at other times, from a consideration of the internal evidence, the context, the circumstances, and the primary object of a passage, a psalm, or a prophecy, he has been induced to act upon his own judgment, which has occasionally led him to differ from those authorities, on which he has ever been inclined to place the most dependence. One material alteration has been made in the manner in which Lightfoot has arranged his Chronicle. On his plan, the Old Testament would have been read as one unbroken history, without any division into parts, or any of those breaks, the omission of which is generally supposed to be the cause of great weariness to the reader. To obviate this difficulty, and to endeavour to make the Scripture narrative more attractive, and more easily remembered, the present Arrangement is divided into periods, parts, and sections. These several portions it was thought would render the work more useful and interesting to the unlearned reader, or to the reader who is not accustomed to devote much uninterrupted time to the perusal of books. By this means he will be enabled, without burthening his memory, to take up and lay down the Old Testament at his leisure, as he would any other history or narrative. The First Period contains the history of the world and the Church from the Creation to the Deluge ; and includes the first nine chapters of Genesis. As the object of Moses, in writing the P§ntate.iich^.was the preservation of the Israelites from the contagion of the surrounding idolatry, the several reasons of many of those peculiar phrases, supposed to be directed against the prevailing superstitions of his day, are pointed out in the notes. The circumstances of this period are iew, the narrative brief, and the traditions concerning it, scattered among the heathen, obscure and confused ; little is related to enable us to judge of the manners and customs of the antediluvians ; yet sufficient is recorded to show us that the world was the same then as at present ; divided between the good and the evil — the sons of God, and the sons of men ; that the latter so prevailed against the former, that the visible Church was reduced to the limits of a single family, and the world was destroyed that the Church might be preserved. The principal events related in this Period are the divine institution 6 INTRODUCTION. of sacrifice, the origin of many of the arts and sciences, and a clear and consistent account of the awful destruction of the world by the deluge, an event, which, though known by tradition among all nations, and commemorated by rites, customs, festivals, and emblems, was so disguised and perverted, that it required the consistent and simple narration we find in Scripture. In consequence of the brevity of this Period, the transpositions of the text are necessarily few. The Second Period comprises the history of the time between the dispersion of men, and the birth of Moses ; and includes the remainder of Genesis, the Book of Job, and the first chapter of Exodus. The transpositions of the Sacred Text in this Period are not numerous. The history of the three great heads of the Jewish nation, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, proceeds without much interruption to the close of the Period. The account of the divisions of mankind into their respective families is placed after the event which caused their dispersion ; and tiie narrative, after thus relating the origin of the principal nations of the Gentile world, goes on to the genealogy of Shem, and the history of the family from which the Messiah was to descend. The inspired historian is contented with merely glancing at the annals of other nations, and hastens on to the immediate object he proposed to himself — the submitting to the sacred family of Abraham, the origin and early history of their election as the people of God, and their consequent separation from the rest of the sons of Noah, into a visible Church. It may excite surprise, that the narrative is interrupted by inserting the life of Job in the midst of the brief history of the ancestors of Abraham, given by Moses in pursuance of this plan. The authority for assigning to the Arabian Patriarch an earlier date than Abraham is given in the note. Wherever this book was inserted it would have been impossible to have given general satisfaction. The subject has been much controverted ; but after reconsidering the subject, and after perusing the valuable remarks of Dr. A. Clarke, the last commentator who has discussed this point, the Arranger is unable to come to any other conclusion. He cannot but consider Job to have been the witness to the truth of the pure religion of God, in an age when even the ancestors of Abraham were infected with the increasing contagion of idolatry. The chief transpositions in this Period are the placing of the renewal of the covenant related in Genesis the 17th, after the events related in the 18th, 19th, and 20th chapters — the harmonizing those parts of the 2.5th and 26th chapters which relate the circumstances originating in the same famine — and the inserting, in their chronological places, the births and deaths of the patriarchs. The period concludes with the oppression of the Israelites by the Egyptians, before the birth of Moses, related in the first chapter of Exodus. The Third Period extends from the birth to the death of Moses, and comprises the remainder of Exodus to the conclusion of the Pentateuch. With the exception of the insertion of the institution of the Passover in its required place, little transposition is here necessary till we arrive at the eighth chapter, ■which contains the account of the wandering in the wilderness. The several encampments of the Israelites are variously arranged by diflerent writers, according to the names of the places mentioned by Moses. The number of their encampments and marches is reckoned by Dr. Hales, after Bishop Clayton, to have been sixty, including the passage over the river Jordan. The map which he has given in his Analysis, and his accompanying account of the wanderings INTRODUCTION. 7 of the Israelites in the wilderness, are truly valuable. The learned writer's theory, however, has not been adopted, as it was thought the reader would be more satisfied with a still closer adherence to the Scripture account. The sojourning of the Israelites, therefore, is arranged according to the itinerary of Moses himself, in the thirty-third chapter of Numbers, who distinctly mentions the forty-two journeyings of his people, in which of course all their encampments and stations are included. This method of relating this part of the Scripture history has occasioned more transposition than in the preceding periods ; but the Scripture is so evidently made to corroborate its own account, that the advantages arising from it appeared to justify its adoption. The miracles, and the events of their wanderings are recorded in the respective journeyings in which they occurred. The account of the several journeys commences with the verse in which each is briefly mentioned in the thirty-third chapter of Numbers. The principal events in this period which require transposition, are the arrival of Jetln-o at the camp of the Israelites — the thirty-third of Numbers already mentioned — and various passages in Numbers and Deuteronomy. As there were not sufficient data to enable me to decide in what particular encampments the various exhortations of Moses, in the first chapters of Deuteronomy, were respectively delivered, I have referred them to the conclusion of the wanderings of the Israelites, when he certainly addressed to them the greater part of the contents of that book. The Fourth Period comprises the events from the entrance of the Israelites into the Holy Land to the death of David. It includes the books of Judges, Joshua, Ruth, the First and Second of Samuel, the First Book of Chronicles, with the exception of the first nine chapters, which are placed in the last section of the last period, and the first two chapters of the First Book of Kings. It comprises also those Psalms which were probably written by David, and which are inserted in their supposed places, according to the events to which they are believed to refer. The people of God, having been delivered from their persecutors in Egypt, having escaped all the attacks of their enemies, and the peril of the wilderness, at length enter into the Promised Land, and establish the religion of the one true God, in the country which their ancestors had traversed ; and which God had sworn to Abraham that his descendants should possess. Though they were so entirely successful at their first occupation of the country, that they obtained possession of the whole land, as Moses had predicted, they failed to execute the commands of God ; they spared the lives of the idolatrous inhabitants ; they then began to associate with them ; to be familiar among them ; and, at length, to unite with them in their hateful superstitions and idolatry. For these offences they were severely punished. The surrounding nations were armed with extraordinary power to purify the visible Church, by oppressing and persecuting it, till it had found, by bitter experience, that God always punishes those who forsake his service. These relapses into negligence and idolatry, with their consequent punishments, were continued till the accession of David to the throne of Israel, after the death of Saul. By him the surrounding enemies of God were subdued, and the visible Church advanced to its utmost perfection, purity, and glory. David never fell into idolatry, and the effect of his continued perseverance in, and faithful adherence to the religion of his fathers, was visible in the extent of his dominions, the abundance of his wealth, the liberality of his people, the g INTRODUCTION. universal regard to religion throughout his kingdom, and the magnificent prep- arations for that temple, which Solomon founded and completed. The transpositions of passages in this Period are more numerous than those in the second and third. In the Book of Joshua, the appearance of the Angel to the Hebrew leader is formed into a more connected history, Joshua vi. 1 ; V. 13, to the end; and vi. 2, to the end. The authority of Bishop Horsley is preferred to that of St. Jerome, respecting the time and place of the reading the Law of Moses on Mounts Ebal and Gerizim. The passage in which this event is related will be found in Joshua viii. 30, to the end. The Israelites, in the preceding verses of the chapter, are represented as being at Gilgal, which was at a great distance from Mount Gerizim ; they had not yet possessed the country, and it is not probable that all the people should suddenly leave the seat of the war in which they were then engaged, and proceed to another part of the country, to do that which might with greater convenience, and greater propriety, be done at a later period. Bishop Horsley supposes, therefore, that the Law was read to the people after the conquest of the country, when the land rested from war ; and, upon his authority, the transposition of the passage has been made. St. Jerome supposes, that immediately on entering upon the promised land, the Law was read on two smaller mountains, named Ebal and Gerizim, near Jericho; an opinion which, though defended by Epi[)hanius, does not appear to be sufficiently supported. The twenty-second of Joshua is also transposed. It records the return of the Pteubenites, after the end of the war, the conquest of the country, and the reading of the Law on Mount Gerizim. Their return is placed after the latter event, and not, as in the canon, after the division of the country. When their service was fully accomplished, they would, of course, be sent home, as Joshua had promised. The latter chapters of the book of Judges are well known to relate the events which took place during the interregnum, after the death of Joshua. They are accordingly inserted, in this Arrangement, before the first servitude of the Israelites, under Cushan-Rishathai'm. The story of Ruth, on the authority of Bishop Patrick, is referred to the account of the famine in Israel, on the invasion of the Midianites. To enable the reader to remember with greater accuracy the history of the Judges, the sections are divided according to the several governments of these magistrates. In the history of Eli, the Bible chronology is followed, and Eli, Samson, and Samuel, are made contemporaries. The Arranger has adopted, except in a few instances, the Bible chronology throughout this work; because it appeared, after much consideration, preferable to any other system. It is consistent with itself, it is sanctioned by authority, having received that almost infallible stamp of excellence, the test of time, and the most diligent and critical inquiry. Valuable as the Analysis of Dr. Hales undoubtedly is, the Arranger could not venture to adopt his dates, and his system, unless they had been approved by the same authorities, and confirmed by the same criterion of excellence, which have determined the value, and recommended the Bible chronology. In arranging the very difficult passages which refer to the youth of David, when he conquered Goliath, and played before Saul, the Editor has been guided by the authority of Bishop Horsley, who seems to have considered the subject with much attention, and he has relied with confidence on his decision. INTRODUCTION. 9 The chief remaining transpositions in this Period, are the several passages in Samuel and Chronicles, which are necessarily changed, to harmonize the general narrative more completely ; and the parallel passages are inserted at the end of the respective sections in which they occur in smaller type, so that the reader may always compare the corresponding accounts of the same events, by the writers of the two different books. The events of the hfe of David are so arranged in sections, that the reader will be able to follow his wanderings on the map, and to peruse his history without difficulty. The appeal of the woman of Tekoa to David is put together on the authority of Bishop Horsley ; and the escape of Hadad, inserted parenthetically in 1 Kings x., is assigned to its chronological place. One principal cause of the apparent want of order, in the arrangement of the events recorded in the Sacred Canon, arises from frequent parentheses ; in the same way as the account of the death of John the Baptist is an interruption of the narrative of the Evangelists, in the New Testament. The Fifth Period comprises the reign of Solomon, the era of the highest greatness at which the Jewish kingdom arrived; when the visible Church attained its utmost splendor, and the promise to Abraham was accomphshed, that the country from the Mediterranean to the Euphrates should be subject to the dominion of Israel. This Period includes the first chapters in the First Book of Kings, which relate the life of Solomon ; the first nine chapters of the Second Book of the Chronicles, which are harmonized with those from the Books of Kings; the Psalms, supposed to have been sung or written at the dedication of the temple; and the books of Canticles, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The chief difficulty of arranging the events of this Period arose from the miscellaneous manner in which the several circumstances of Solomon's life are narrated by the sacred writers. They are enumerated, either as they occurred to the minds of the writers, or as they were compiled or abridged from the public registers of the kingdom. It has been endeavoured so to dispose of them, that the events of the reign of this great king may be read in their probable order. The prayer at the dedication of the temple, which is given at greater length in the Chronicles than in the Kings, will be seen in its complete form. The Book of Canticles is supposed to have been written when Solomon was a young man, at the time he removed the daughter of Pharaoh to his palace in the forest of Lebanon. The Book of Proverbs is placed after the visit of the queen of Sheba, when the wisdom of Solomon was celebrated throughout the world. It immediately follows the passage which refers to the number of his proverbs. The proverbs, which were found in the temple, and were copied out by the men of Hezekiah, are inserted among the rest, and are not placed in the reign of Hezekiah, as recommended by Torshel, because they are not called the proverbs of the men of Hezekiah, but of Solomon. They were neglected till the reign of Hezekiah, when they were discovered among the archives in the temple, but they cannot chronologically be dated from that time. The Book of Ecclesiastes comes after the account of the offence of Solomon. It is generally supposed to have been written as a kind of recantation upon his repentance for his errors, before his death. The Sixth Period comprises the time from the accession of Behoboam, to the commencement of the Babylonish captivity. It includes the greater part of the Books of Chronicles and Kings, which are harmonized throughout, with some of VOL. I. 2 10 INTRODUCTION. the Psalms, and tlie prophecies of Joel, Isaiah, Ilosea, Amos, Jonah, Micah, Obadiah, Nahum, Ilabakkuk, Zcphaniah, part of Jeremiah, and part of the first chapter of Daniel. The several predictions or distinct discourses, contained in the respective books of the prophets, are given in their historical places ; and notes are appended to each, explaining the reasons for the dislocation. Tiie difficulties of arranging this period were very great. The intricacies of the chronology, the double line of the kings of Judah and Israel, with the differences of explanation among the authors who were consulted, presented obstacles which at first sight appeared insuperable. Various modes presented themselves of diviiling the double line of kings; one, by placing them in two columns, and attaching tlie common date in the margin ; another, of placing the kings of Israel after those of Judah, as a separate part ; and, that which has been adopted, to divide the history of the kings of Judah into parts, each part containing two portions : the first giving a history of a king of Judah ; the second appropriated to the reign of the contemporary king, or kings, of the sister kingdom. This plan was selected because it presented two advantages : it enabled the reader to peruse the history of all the kings of Judah as one connected history, by reading through the first portions of each part, and the history of the kings of Israel in the same manner, by perusing the second portions of each part ; and it enabled him also to pass without interruption to the history of the kings of Israel contemporary with the respective kings of Judah. If the first of the plans mentioned had been adopted, much room would have been lost, in consequence of the number of blank spaces left in the columns devoted to the history of the kings of Israel, the history of these kings being given by the inspired writers, within much less compass than the history of the kings of Judah ; and the arrangement had already occupied more pages than was expected. If the second plan had been acted upon, the chronological and iiistorical continuity of the narrative would have been destroyed, and the principal design of the arrangement consequently defeated. Although this Period occasioned more labor and inquiry than the rest, the authorities for inserting particular passages in their appropriate places were sometimes so equally balanced, that it was almost impossible to decide between the merits of the contending arguments. In such cases, the Arranger is open to the charge of want of judgment, from those with whom he may differ. The compass of the work did not admit the insertion of long discussions ; he has been contented, therefore, with submitting to his readers, in the several notes, the arguments which have induced him to place the prophecies and the history in their present order. The Seventh Period comprises the history of the Babylonish captivity. No historical book in the Old Testament contains a complete narrative of the transactions of the seventy years; they are related in various parts of the prophets, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel, and in the latter passages of the Books of Kings and Chronicles. Much difficulty arose in arranging the several events referred to in this Seventh Period, from the circumstance that the prophecies of Ezekiel were delivered to the Jews in the captivity at Babylon, at the same time that Jeremiah was prophesying at Jerusalem and in Egypt. To prevent any confusion in righdy apprehending this part of the sacred history, the events which took place, and the prophecies which were delivered at Jerusalem, are placed in a different part from those at Babylon. The transactions in Egypt, when the Jews who escaped from the captivity fled into that country, TNTRODUCTION. H after the murder of Gedaliah, and took with them Jeremiah the prophet, are given in a separate part. The reader will thus be enabled to peruse the account of the affairs of the Jews at Jerusalem, Babylon, and Egypt, without confounding either places or dates. The variety of contending authorities respecting the dates and occasions of the se%'eral prophecies of Jeremiah caused some embarrassments ; the decision to which the Arranger came is submitted, with the result of the labors of Blayney, Lightfoot, and Taylor,* in a tabular form to the reader ; who will be able to compare the arguments of the various writers on this subject, and to rectify any error which he may suppose has been made. The many interesting circumstances, which took place in the siege of Jerusalem, are collected into one narration from Jeremiah, Chronicles, and Kings ; and few narratives of sieges or battles, in ancient or modern history, are so full of incident, instruction, and variety. The prophecies of Ezekiel, being for the most part dated by the prophet himself, were arranged with little difliculty. The events at Babylon, after the return of Nebuchadnezzar, and prior to the decree of Cyrus, are chiefly related in the historical chapters of the Book of Daniel. The account of the wonderful manner in which these events effected the elevation of Daniel, the restoration of the Jews, and thereby the accomplishment of the prophecies of God, may be justly considered as one of the most interesting and beautiful parts of the Old Testament. The Period ends with the decree of Cyrus, as it is contained in the last chapter of the Chronicles and the first of Ezra. The Eighth and last Period comprises the events from the termination of the captivity to the probable close of the Canon. It includes, besides several of the Psalms, the Books of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther, and the prophecies of Zechariah, Haggai, and Malachi. The arrangement of the events of this period has been chiefly made on the authority of Dean Prideaux, whose history is advocated and adopted by Dr. Hales, Dr. A. Clarke, the present Bishop of Winchester, and many other learned and pious authors. Lightfoot's hypothesis of the arrangement of the events of this period is generally considered as incorrect. The very close connexion which subsisted between the Holy Land and Persia, after the restoration of the Jews from their captivity, and the manner in which their adversity and prosperity, as well as their progress in the building of the temple and city were influenced, or rather affected by the politics of the court of Persia, rendered it impossible to separate the accounts of the two countries ; they are incorporated, therefore, into one history, and the prophecies are placed in their respective situations. The principal dislocated passages included in this period, are those of Ezra, and part of Nehemiah. The whole book concludes with the first nine chapters of the First of Chronicles, and a passage from Nehemiah, both which were either written by the last editors, or verses in them were interpolated by the last editor, that is, by Simon the Just and the Great Sanhedrin, as some expressions in them allude to the times of Alexander the Great. The concluding passage from Nehemiah speaks of Jaddua the high priest, who met Alexander; and mentions also Darius, who was conquered by that sovereign, in terms which seem to imply that Darius lived many years before the time when the passage in question was written ; and as Alexander died about 324 B.C., and Simon the Just in 291 B.C., these! passages [* To these have been added the arrangement of Dr. J. G. Dahler, professor of Theology m the Protestant Seminary of Strasbnrg.— Ed.] 12 IN T R O D U C 'J' ION. are dated a few years before the death of the latter, and assigned to the year 300 B.C. Thus is the biblical reader presented with a complete History of the World and the Church, from the delivery of the promise to our first parents in obscure terms, till the dawn of the day of the Messiah approached. The light of prophecy gradually became clearer till the express testimony of Malaciii was given, " the Lord whom ye seek shall suddenly come to his temple." Such is the brief outline of that arrangement of the contents of the Old Testament, which is now submitted to the judgment and candor of the Christian world. It is designed only to assist the reader of Scripture in his study of that great scheme of Providence, God revealed by Omnipotence. The visible world, so magnificent and so beautiful, is a temple worthy of God the Creator ; the spiritual world, described in the pages of Scripture, is a temple equally worthy of God the Redeemer. ' Both equally demonstrate the mercy and the love of the same all-wise Providence to the bodies, and the souls of men. In the privileges, and in the certainty of a covenanted redemption, as in the changes of the seasons, and other blessings of the visible creation, every child of Adam is alike interested : and if the researches of science to promote the happiness of the body, or to illustrate the laws, and the harmony of the universe, are regarded with favor, in such a manner it is trusted the present attempt will be received, which is intended to promote the happiness of the soul, and to elucidate the great scheme of Almighty God in the moral government of the world. Considering the subject in this view, it may be justly said that every class and description of the admirers and readers of Scripture are interested in an arrangement of its sacred contents. The unlearned will be more able to comprehend those difficulties of Scripture which originate in an ignorance of the occasion on which a psalm or pro{)hecy was written. The passages which seem at first sight to contradict each other, will, by harmonizing the several accounts, be clear and consistent ; those innumerable false interpretations of single texts, the chief source perhaps of popular theological misapprehension, will be obviated by fixing that primary meaning wliich was intended to be conveyed to the mind of the persons to whom the passage was originally addressed. The learned will find his labors lessened in tracing the meaning of peculiar words, the object of obscure expressions, or the intention and scope of passages, which require more particular attention. As the meaning of a sentence is better and sooner apprehended, when the preceding and subsequent passages of the context are evident, so, also, will the meaning of the obscurer difficulties of the inspired narrative be more easily discoverable, if the preceding and subsequent events of the connected history are known. The clergyman will, of all others, be most interested in a work of this nature. In expounding the Scripture to his hearers, the primary meaning of a passage is of the utmost importance. As the books of Scripture were all, in some measure, originally designed to accomplish some temporary object, before they were committed as a lasting testimony to the Church of God — the spiritual application of every part of the Old Testament to Christians of the present day will be immediately perceived, when the original application to the circumstances of the ancient Church has been satisfactorily ascertained. The lessons appointed for every day in the year will become more interesting, in proportion as they are INTRODUCTION. I3 better understood. The beauty and sublimity of many passages will be made evident, when that part of the history of the dispensations of Providence, to which they refer, is thus more fully developed. The attendant on public worship, who has but little time, except on Sunday, for studying the Scriptures, when his attention is arrested by any passage or expression which appears obscure and difficult, if he has not, on liis return home, access to commentaries and more valuable and laborious works, will find an arrangement of the text of the Old Testament solve many difliculties, and supply in some degree the place of a more extensive commentary. The pious mother of a family, who is anxious to lay the foundation of Christian morality upon Christian principles, and endeavours to make her children acquainted with tiie wisdom " that maketh wise unto salvation," by engaging their tender minds through the medium of connected annals, will be more able to interest them in the finest volume of all history. Many of the most im.portant parts of the Old Testament are with the utmost difficulty made pleasing to children, who do not, and cannot, at a very early age, perceive the connexion, the consistency, and the harmony that pervades the whole. While their attention is arrested by the beautiful narratives of the Sacred Volume, they are too often embarrassed and confused by the attempts of the anxious parent to explain the connexion between the parts of that variety of interesting matter, which makes the Scripture so attractive, as well as useful. The best foundation of a good education is a knowledge of Scripture ; and that knowledge will be acquired with delight, if the child becomes interested in the Bible as a complete history. By such an arrangement, therefore, the labor of the parent is lessened, and the child at once interested and improved. The students of history, it may be justly supposed, will be particularly interested in an arrangement of the Bible. As the history of the world in general has been called " philosophy teaching by examples," the history of the Bible may be called " religion teach.ing by exam|jles." Wllbout thisjnestimable collection of records there would be no foundation for the ancient history of the world ; v^e shoLuld be .in.-ulter_darkiiess with respect to the most important questions ; we should know nothing of the origin of all things — the cause of the mixture of good and evil — the manner in which man began to be, and continues to be, the being that he is ; we should know nothing of the origin of nations, or by what means the world was overspread ; we should be still ignorant of the primitive condition of society in the patriarchal ages, before the corruptions of the postdiluvians had introduced, or perfected, the incongruous and detestable system of idolatry which characterized Egypt and Greece and Rome, and the whole pagan world, and which now disgraces the nations of the East in general, and particularly Hindostan. Events which are only hinted at, or referred to in Scripture, are related at length in history. In the arrangement of the narrative of Scripture, the student of history may read the prophecies that foretold events, and in the events recorded in history he will read the accomplishment of those prophecies. History will thus be the commentary on Scripture and on prophecy; and the influence of religion will be confirmed, while the knowledge of the inquirer is increased. The falsely-called philosophical reader of history, who rejects the notion of a particular Providence in overruling the affairs of men, may imagine he can discover adequate causes for the several changes in dominion and power among the ancient monarchies ; but he who looks beyond what are called 14 INTRODUCTION. secondary causes perceives that all these powers in their turn were raised up to protect, or to punish, the visible Church of God ; and that when they had accomplished this object, their pride, their greatness, their pomp, and their glory were annihilated. The history of the Bible alone acquaints us with the real cause of the origin, the decline, and fall of all the ancient monarchies ; and when that history is arranged in its order, a clear explanation is given to many obscurities of ancient history, to the plans of Providence in the government of the world, and to the predisposing causes which led to the various circumstances connected with the history of the Church. Nor will an arrangement of the Bible be less useful to the general reader, and to the lover of literature — to that large portion of the community, who, though they have no objection to peruse works of instruction, unifonrdy prefer those which promise amusement only. It never ought to be said that the Sacred Scriptures are given for our amusement ; but while they abound in the most solemn and important lessons, on the observance or neglect of which both our present as well as future happiness depends, it is equally true, that the lover of poetry may elevate his mind, and kindle his imagination, by admiring ideas which no other book contains, in language which the epic or the dramatic power of Greece itself has neither surpassed nor equalled. The literary beauties of the Scriptures, considering those Scriptures only as specimens of composition, are superior to all that can be selected from the tenderest, the sublimest, the most admired efforts of human genius. Those only are worthy to be placed near them, the authors of which have wandered on the heights of Sion's hill, and visited the flowery brooks beneath. By an arrangement of the Bible, the lover of literary excellence will be more able to appreciate these invaluable compositions. The jewels of the temple will be set — the apples of gold will be enclosed in the network of silver ; the man most indifferent to their spiritual value will learn to admire the harmony and simplicity of the narrative, and the magnificence of the poetry. And when he permits the question to propose itself fairly to his consideration, why this wonderful volume was written ? whence was the more than human intellect thus displayed throughout? then it may be, that the same Holy Spirit of God, which gave eloquence and poetry, as well as purity, holiness, and truth, to his servants, may render the impression, which the answer to such a question would suggest, effectual and permanent. The infidel and the skeptic, who have thoughtlessly or wilfully rejected Revelation, because in truth they have never submitted to the labor of cxjjloring and examining its evidences, may perceive in an arrangement of the contents of the Old Testament, the most incontrovertible demonstration of the Bible's authenticity, its genuineness, and its inspiration. The absurdities of the deistical creed are so great, that the wildest reveries of the most unbridled enthusiasm are sober common sense when compared to them ; and the arguments in favor of the Scriptures are so complete and satisfactory, that no additional reasoning can be expected to influence those who have disregarded them ; yet a powerful and a novel corroboration of those arguments is aflbrdcd by the wonderful harmony which pervades this miscellaneous collection of writings called the Old Testament. Lord Bacon has observed with equal force and truth, that " The harmony of a science, each part supporting the other, is, and ought to be, the true and brief confutation and suppression of all the smaller sorts of objections." And the remark will apply to the arrangement of INTRODUCTION. 15 the Bible. The contents of this book were written at different times ; the various writers Avere unknown to each other. Like the writers of the New Testament, the greater part of them were exposed to suffering and persecution on account of their doctrine;* the times in which they wrote were remote from each other; tlieir compositions were deUvered to the people, and were preserved by the priests in their unconnected fonn. One jprimanj object was principally intended by each writer, and by every paragraph ; yet all these miscellaneous compositions, when they are put together, are found to contain a perfect history, confirmed by the testimony of all other authenticated histories. The researches of the learned and the enterprising have alike contributed to demonstrate the truth of the narrative, which is so wonderfully complete in itself, that ingenuity has been in vain engaged, for two thousand years, in attempting to discover some imposition, or to overthrow one recorded fact. The history, therefore, contained in the Bible is true, and the system of infidelity is consequently false ; or all tiie writers of the Old Testament without exception were impostors, or dupes, and every history of ancient nations is not to be credited ; or, what is still more difficult to suppose, all ancient history is uniformly falsified in those particulars which corroborate the Sacred Scriptures. These and many similar absurdities, unavoidably consequent on any deistical scheme, it is needless to confute ; and these absurdities, the mere statement of which form their immediate refutation, are made more glaring by perusing the Scripture narrative, in the form of an historical and chronological arrangement of the Sacred Text. The pious and humble Christian, as a member of the Universal Church, cannot but be interested in that portion of sacred history which is related in the Old Testament ; and in perusing it in its historical form, he will be able to perceive more clearly the development of the plans of Providence. He will there discover in what manner events, apparently unconnected, all tend in a greater or less degree to the fulfilment of some wonderful events which were previously foretold, but which, at the time when these results were delivered, appeared impossible to be brought about ; — he will perceive that all the circumstances recorded in the Scriptures tend to one end, with as much regularity as the incidents in a regular drama bring about the catastrophe. He will see them combine in one purpose, prove one point, develop one mighty scheme, which was planned in the councils of Omnipotence, gradually revealed to mankind, and is still in progress among mankind ; — he will perceive that the scheme of prophecy has been in great measure surely accomplished, and will be more and more convinced that the remaining prophecies shall be all fulfilled ; he will hail the day when the curse shall be removed, the house of Israel restored, and the reign of universal righteousness commence ; he will learn to apply to himself the doctrine of a peculiar Providence ; he will see, that though prophecy and miracle have in one sense been discontinued, though the Canon of the Scripture be closed, yet the gradual fulfilment of the prophecies it contains may be regarded as a perpetual miracle appealing to the hearts and to the consciences of all the generations of mankind. The same unchangeable God still governs the world and the Church, and orders the events that occur to both according to the purposes of his own will. He rules over the least as well as the greatest events ; and as the beauty of a flower, and the mechanism of an insect declare the universality of his Providence as loudly and as plainly as the sun in the heavens, [* See Hebrews, xL 32-37.— Ed.] 16 INTRODUCTION. or the moon walking in her brightness ; so does the declaration of his own immutable Scripture, that not a sparrow falls unpermitted to the ground, convince the Christian, who views the stupendous events recorded in his Bible, that he too is not and cannot be unnoticed nor neglected in the government of the universe. Happy is he, who, having a hope full of immortality through Him wiio has become the propitiation for the sins of man, reads his own lot in the conduct of God towards his Church, and resigned and contented with the present, rejoices in the prospect of the future. In this edition, which has been carefully corrected, the marginal references and various readings are given. And, in order to render this Arrangement still more extensively useful, the whole has been divided into Portions, in such a manner, that, by reading one Portion daily, the Old Testament (with the excej)tion of the Genealogical Tables, some parts of the Levitical Law, and a few other passages), may be read through, once in a year. The Tables of Portions, which have been formed chiefly for the use of families, will be found in the annexed Calendar, which is constructed on the same plan as that prefixed to the Book of Common Prayer, in which the reader is referred to the portion of Scripture appointed for every day throughout the year. n PORTIONS OF SCRIPTURE FOR EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR. The following Tables are designed principally /o/- the Use of Families. The Arrangement is so divided, that by reading one portion daily, the Old Testament may be read through in the course of the year. N. B. Only the Scripture inserted here is intended to be read ; the Parallel Passages, which are printed in smaller type, are omitted. JANUARY. Portions of Scripture. Gen. 1; 2.4, In end Crri. 2. 1-3; 3 On. 4 lieu. 5 (ieru 7.V., /„ en.ii 'ti." \-l-i.'.'.'.'.'.'.\'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. . . . . r.vii. y. 13, ^. (■»,/.• y .;rii. 11. M); 1(1; 11. lU--2li Jul) 1 ;2; 3 J. ill 4 ; 5; li, T JiihS; t); 10 J. ill 11 ; 1-2; 13; 14 Jdh 16 ;' I'J. .'...'. !l ( I h 2 -2 ;' -73 '; ' -J i ', " ■': o '. ,l,ili-3'. ^1 31 lull 3-2. („ 37 I ih 3S. In 4U. 1-.-. Job 40. 6, to end: 41 ; 42 Oeii. i\.-27,t„ end; 12; 13. 1 Ueii. 20 ; 13. 2, lu end Geu.l4; 15; 16 Gen. 17; 18. 1-15 Gen. 18. 16, to end; 19 Gen. 21 (;eii. 22. 1-iy ; SA Gen. 22. 20, iu f«'/ ; -,'4 25. 29, to end;-y.!. latin- purt'i./ l,^to end 25. 12-18 Gen. 27. 1-45 Gen. 27. 46; 28; 20. 1-14 FEBRUARY. Portions of Scrijjure. Gen. 99. 15, to end; 30 Gen. 31 Gen. 32; 33. 1-17 Gen. 33. 18, to end ; 38. 1-5 ; 34 ; 35. 1-27 ; 3(5. Gen. 37 ; 39. l-ti ; 38. 6, tu end Gen. 39. 7, to end ; 40 ; 35. 28, 29 ; 41. 1-45 Gen. 41. 46, to end; 42 Gen. 43 ; 44 ; 45 Gen. 46. 1-7 ; 37. beirinnin, li> < «./ . 3 1 ; 3.'i Ueut. 1 ; 2. 1 ; 10. 6-9 ; 2. 9, (.- cud ; 3 , 4. 1-40 . Deut. 4. 41, (» end; 5; 6; 7; 8 Deut. 9 ; JO. 1-5, 10, to end ; 11 Deut. 12. (() 16; 17. 1 Deut. 17. 2, to end ; 18 ; 19 Deut. 20 ; 21 ; 29 Deut. 23; 24; 25; 26 Deut. 27; 28 Deut. 29 ; 30 ; Num. 36. 13 ; 27. 12, to end; De. 3J. 1-8 Deut. 31. 9, to end; 32. 1-47 APRIL. Portions of Scripture. 33 ; 34. ■; 8. 1-29. end ; De. 39. 48, to e Jos. 1. 1-9; 2 Jos. 1. 10, lo end; 3 ; 4 ; 5. 1-12 6. 1 ; 5. 13, to end ; 6. 2, lo end; Jos. 9 ; 10 Jos. 11 ; 8. 30, to end; 29 Jos. 12; 13. 1-14 Jos. 14. 1-5; 13. 15, to end: 14. 0, 13-19, 1-12, 9.0, to end; 16 Jos. 17 ; 18; 19 Jos. 20 ; 21. 1-42 Jos. 21. 43, to end; 23; 24 Judg-s 1; 2.1-13; 17; 18 Judgesl9; 20; 91 Judges 2. 14, to end; 3. 1-31 Judges 4 ; 5 ; 6. 1-6 The Book of Ruth Judges 6. 7, to end; 7; 8 Judges 9; 10. 1-5 Judges 10. 6, toend: II ; 12. 1-7 Judges 12. 8, to end; 13 1 Sam. 1; 9. 1-91 ; 3 Judges 14 ; 15. 1-19 ; 1 Pam. 2. 22, to end , Judges 16; 1 Sam. 4 , 1 Sam. 5; 6; 7; 8 1 Sam. 9; 10 1 Sam. 1 1 ; 12 1 Sam. 13; 14 1 Sam. 15; 16. 1-13 1 Sam. 17. 1-40, 55, 56, 41-54, 57, 58 ; 18. 1-4 Psal m 9 1 Sam. 18. 5-9 ; 16. 14, to end; 18. 10, to end 19. 1-3 ; Ps. 11 ; 1 Sam. 19. 4-17 ; Ps. 59. . 18 PORTIONS OF SCRIPTUHE FOR EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR. MAY. — - ■ ■■ 1 JULY. Day. 1 2 3 4 5 ti 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Portions of Scripture. Page 411 413 417 423 426 429 434 438 440 444 448 452 456 460 4G4 468 470 474 480 483 489 492 496 499 501 .506 510 513 516 m Day. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 99 30 31 Portio?is of Scrijjture. Page 605 to. 607 (i()9 610 G19 615 616 617 618 621 623 627 629 631 634 635 637 640 643 644 647 649 651 653 655 657 658. 660 664 1 S^irn. 19. I8,tue„d; 20 1 yum. 21 ; Ps. 5 i, 34 ; 1 Sam. 22. part o/l : Ps. 142 i 1 Sam. 22,/""-« j, 17, 140,35,64.... 1 ■-■ 1 ■ 1 ' -/. 2;j. 6, 2-5, 7-12 ; I's. - ' i !■>. .^)4; 1 Sii. 23.24-28. 1 S,,„,. -J.:. -1:1: '1, i'.. .,;, 58,63 1 Ki. 11. 1-14, 93-40 Eccles. 1 ; 2 Eccles. 3 ; 4 ; 5. 1 12 J Sam. -S, ; -Ju ; 27. 1 ; I'.s. lU ; 1 Sain. 27. 2-7 ; 1 Cli. 12. 1-7; 1 Sairi. 27. S.toei.d 1 Sam. 28 ; 29 ; 1 Cii. 12. 19-22 ; 1 Sam. 30. . . . 1 Sam. 31 ; 1 Ch. 10. 13, 14 ; 2 Sam. I EcLles.6. 12; 7 Eccles. 8 : 9 ; 10 Ec( les. 11 ; 12 ; 1 Ki. 1 1. 41 ; 2 Ch. 9. part »/29 ; 1 Ki 11 4^ 43 1 Ki. 14. part «/91; 12. 1-24; 2 Ch. 11. 5, to aid ; 12. 1 ; 1 Ki. 14. 22, 24 ; 2 Ch. 12. 2, to end 1 KI. 12.9,5, to end; 13 2 Ch. 13. 1-21 ; 2 Ki. 15. .3-8; 2 Ch. 13. 22, 14, partofl 1 Ki. 15. 9-11 ; 2 Ch. 14. 3 ; 1 Ki. 15. 12-15; 2 Ch. 14. 4-6, part of 1, 7, to end; 15. 1-15, 18, 19 ; 1 Ki. 15. 16-2i ; 2 Ch. 16. 7, to end. . IKi. 14. 1-90; 15.25-31 1 Ki 15 32 to end ; 16 2 Sam. .5. 1-3 ; 1 Cli. 13. 1-4 ; Ps. 139 ; 1 Cli. 12. 23, to aid ; 2 Sam. 23. 8-12 ; I Cli. 11. 20, t„ end; 2 Sam. 5. 4 10 1 Cli. 15. 1-14; P.S. 132; 1 Ch. 15. 15, tu end; 16. Ps. 105, 93, 106 ; 2 Sam. 6. 20, to end 2 Sam. 7; Ps. 2 Ps. 45,22, 16, 118, 110 ■2 Sam. 8. 1-12 ; 1 Ch. 18 ; 12 ; 2 Sam. 8. 14, tu end; 13; 1 Ki. 11. 15-20; Ps. 60, 108 2Sam.4. 4, 9; 10; Ps. 20, 21 2 Sam. 11; 12.1-15; Ps. 51, 32, 33, 107 ; 2 Sam. 12. 15-23, 26, to end 1 Ki. 22. 41-44, 46, 47; 2 Ch. 17. 2, to end; 18. 1, 2 ; 19. 1-7 ; Ps. 82 ; 2 Ch. 19. 8, to end. . 2 Ch. 20. 1-26 ; Ps. 115, 46 : 2 Ch. 20. 27-30, 35, to end; 1 Ki. 29. 49 ; 2 Ki. 8. 16; 2 Ch. 20. 3-1 .34 • 1 Ki 2^ end of 45 50 2 Sam. 13. 1-23; 12. 24, part of 25; 13. 23, to end ; 14. 1-7, 1.5-17, 8-14, 18, to end 2 Sam. 15. 1-29; Ps. 3 ; 9 Sam. 15. 30, to end; 16. 1-14 ; Ps. 7 ; 2 Sam. 16. 15, tu end ; 17. . P.<. 42, 43, 55, 4, 5 IKi. n..; 1 Ki. 18; 19 I's. 62, 143, 144,70,71 2 Sam. 18; 19; 20. 3 IKi 22. 1-40 1 Ki.92.51,toe«rf; 2Ki. 1; 3. l-,5 2 Sam. 21. 15, tuend; 22; Ps. 18 2 Sam. 2 1. 1-9 ; 1 Ch. 31. 6, 7 ; 27. 23, 24 ; 2 Sam. 24. 10-15; 1 Ch. 21. 15, 16; 2 Sam. 24. 17; 1 Ch. 21. part of 17, to end ; Ps. 30 9 Ki. 3. 6, to end 2Ki.4 9Ki. 5; 6. 1-2:! 2Ch.21. 1, 5-7,9-1, 11-15, 8-lU, li., to end; 2Ki.8.23,94 2Ki. 6. 24, £«e«d; 7; 8. 1-6 1 Ch.Sa; IKi. 1 1 Ch. 2.3. 1; 28. 1-10; Ps. !)l, ir, 1 Ch. 23 2, to end; 24 ; 25 ; -j!. ; -,'7. 1--J-J, ■>:,, to end; 28. 11, tu end Ps. 411,41,61, 65, C9 Ps. 78 JUNE. AUGUST. Day. 1 2 3 ■1 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Portions of Scripture. Page "528 530 533 536 538 541 542 546 549 554 557 559 564 5C6 568 570 572 .576 .578 ,580 583 .586 588 Day. Portions of Sci-ipture. Page 666 668 671 673 676 677 (i80 ()80 681 683 fi86 688 691 693 696 698 700 703 705 708 709 710 712 714 716 719 790 791 7-^3 Ps. 6, 8, 12, 19. 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 97 98 99 30 31 2 Ch. 22. 1 ; 2 Ki. 8. 25 ; 2 Ch. 22. 9-7 ; 2Ki. 9. part 0/ 27 ; 2 Ch. 22. 8, part ,/ 9 ; 2 Ki. 9. part of 27, 28 ; 2 Ch. 22. part of 9 ; 2 Ki. 9. Ps. 24, 98, 29, 38, 39 Ps.8;,95, 101, 104 I's. 120, 191, 122, 194, 131, 133 1 Ch. -i'J. 1-19; Ps. 79; 1 Ch. 99. 20-2.5 1 Ki. 2. 1-9 ; 2 Sam. 23. 1-7 ; 1 Ch. 29. 26, to end ; 1 Ki. 2. 10 2 Ki. 8. 7-15 ; 9. 1-23, 30, to end ; 10. 1-28 2Ch. 22. 10, to end; 24. 7-11; 23. 1-15; 2 Ki. 10.29... 1 Ki.2. 12; 2Ch. 1. 1; IKi.li.:!; -J CI], I.-J-C; IKI.3.5, Hoeni/; 2 Ch. 1. I.f ; 1 Ki.-J. i:i-:t8 ; 11. 21, -32 2Ki. 12. pari «/ 1 ; 11. 21; 12. end of 1,2,3; 2 Ch. 23. 16, to end ; 24. 3-5 ; 2 Ki. 12. 4-6 ; 2Cli. 94. 6; 2 Ki. 12.7-14; 2 Ch. 24. 12- 14 ; 2 Ki. 12. 15-18 ; 2 Ch. 24. 15-27 ; 2 Ki. 1 Ki. 4. 1-25 ; 2 CIi. 2. 1, 2 ; 1 Ki. 5. 1-9 ; 2 cii. 2. 3-16 ; 1 Ki. 5. 10, to end ; 2 Ch. 2. 17, 18 ; 1 Ki. 2. .39, to end ,• 3. 1, 9 2 Ch. 3. 1 ; 1 Ki. 6. 1 ; 2 Ch. 3. 2-9 ; 1 Ki. 6. 4-8, 15-28 ; 2 Ch. 3. part of 13, 14 ; 1 Ki. 6. 29-30 ; 7. 13-22 : 2 Ch. 4. 1 ; 1 Ki. 7. 23-.50 ; 2 Ch. 4. 8-10 ; 1 Ki. 6. 9-14 ; 7. 51 ; 6. 37, 38 2 Ch. 5. 1-10 ; Ps. 47, 97. 98, 99, 100; 2 Ch. 5. 11-14 9Ki. 14. 1-6; 2Ch. 95. 5-11 ; 2 Ki. 14. part of 7 ; 2 Ch. 2.5. 19-16 ; 2 Ki. 14. 8-14 ; 2 Ch. 9Ki. 13. ^, to end, 11-13; 14.23.24 2 Ch. 96. 1 ; 2 Ki. 15. 1 ; 2 Ch. 261 2-15 Joel 1 Ps. 13.5, 1.36 ; 2 Ch. 7. 4 7 .Io-12; 3..... 9Ch. 26. 16-91; Is. 1. 1 ; 6 9 Ch. 6. 1-39 ; 1 Ki. 8. 50-61 ; 9 Ch. 6. 40, to end; 1 Ki.7. 1-12; 9Ch. 7. n,toe^,d; 1 Ki. 9. 10-14 ; 2 Cli.8. 1-11 ; 1 Ki. 9. 94 The Sons; of Sdlomon 1:2- Is. 5; 2 Ch. 26. 29, 23 2 Ki. 14. 25-27 ; Hosea 1 ; 2 ; 3 Amos 1 • " 1 Ki. 9. 15-23 ; 2 Ch. 8. 12-16 ; 1 Ki. 9. 26, to end ; 2 (^h. 8. 17 ; 1 Ki. 10. 14, to end ; 4. 26-28, 34 ; 10.1-13 2 Ki. 14. 98 ; Amos 7. 10, to the end of the Book ; 2Ki.l4.29 Hosea 4 1 Ki. 4. 29-31, 33, 32 : Prov. 1 ; 9 Prov.3; 4 .. " Ki 15 8-26 Prov. 5 ; 6 Prov.7;8; 9 2 Ki. 15. 32 ; 2 Ch. 27. 1, 2 ; 2 Ki. 15. part of 35 ; Prov. 10; 11 Micah 9; 2 Ch. 27. 3, to end; 2 Ki. 15. 37, Prov. 19; 13 Prov. 16; 17 590 Is «• 9; 10. 1-4 Prov. 18; 19 594 596 599 609 604 Prov. 90 ; 21 ; 22. 1-16 Prov. 22. 17, to end; 93; 24 Prov. 25 ; 26 . •"• Ch 98 4-19 Is 1 ') to end Prov. 27 725 PORTIONS OF SCRIPTURE FOR EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR. 19 SEPTEMBER. Portions of Scripture. 2Chron. -28. 20-23; 2 Ki. IG. 10-18; 2Cliroii. 28. 24, 25 ; Hosea 5 ; 6 2Cbron.28. 26,27; Is. 14. 28, to end; 2 Kings 15. 30, 31; 17. 1,2 2 Kings 18. 1-6 ; 2 Ch. 29. 3, to end ; 30 ; 31 Is. 15; 16 Micah3j4; 5 Micah 6, to end of Book ; 2 Kings 18. 7, 8 Is. 18; 19 'I'lie Book of Nahiini ts. 23 Is. 10. 5, to end; 11; 12 Is. 13; 14. 1-27 Is 24; 25; 26; 27 Is. 22. 1-14; 21 2 Ch. 33. ]-8 ; 2 Ki. 18. 13-16 ; Is. 20 Is. 29; 30; 31 2 Kings 2i). l-ll; Is. 32 ; 33 Is. 34 ; 35 ; 38. 9-20 ; 2 Cliron. 32. 25, 26 ; 2 Ki. 20. 12-19 Is. 36. ] ; 2 Ki. 18. 17, to end; 19. 1-7 ; Ps. 44 ; 2Ki. 19. 8-19; Ps.73 2Ki. 19. 20-35; 9 Ch. 32. 2-2, 23; Ps. 75, 76; 2 Ki. 19. 36, 37 Is. 40; 41 Is. 42; 43 Is. 44 ; 45 Is. 46; 47 Is. 48 Is. 49 [s. 50 ; 51 ; 52. 1-12 Is. 52. 13, ilo end ; 53 Is. .54 Is. 55; 56. 1-8 Is. 53. 9, Jo end; 57 ; 58 ; 59.1-15 OCTOBER. Portions of Scripture. [9. 59. 16, tn end; 60; 61 ; 62; 63 Is. 64, to the end of Ike Book 2 Ch. 32. 27-31 , part of 32 ; 2 Ki. 20. part of 20 : 2 Ch. 32. 32, 33 ; 2 Ki. 17.3, 4 ; Hosea 10, to the end of the Book ■2 Kinss 18. 9-12; 17. 7-23,5,6 2 Kings 21. 1-lu ; Is. 22. 15, to end; 2 Ch. 33. 11-19; 2 Ki. 21. 17, 18 2 Kings 17. 24, to end ; 21. 19, to end ; 22. 1,2: 2 Ch. 34. 3-7 Jer. 1 ; 2 ; 3.1-5 2 Ch. 34. 8-32 The Book of Zephaniah 2 Kings 23. 4-20; 2 Ch. 34. 33; 35. 1-19 Jer. 3. 6, to end ler. 4 ; 5 ; 6 The Book of Habakkuk Jer!9; W.'".V.'.'.'.V.V.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'^.V.'.'.'.'.^V.'.V. lei. 11; 12 2 Ch. 35. 20-24; 2 Ki. 23. 95-27 ; 2 Ch. 35. 25. to end ; 2 Ki. 23. part o/30, 31-37 '. Jer. 13 Jer. 14; 15 Jer. 16; 17 Jer. 18; 19 ; 23 Jer.22. 1-23; 26 Jer. 46. 1-12; 35 Jer. 25; 3J. 1-8; 45 Dan. 1. 1-7 ; 2 Ki. 24. 3, 4 ; Jer. 36. 9, to end 2 Ki. 24. part o/ 1, 2 ; 2 Ch. 36. 8 2 Ki. 24. 6-9 ; Jer. -^2. 24, to end ; 23 ; 2 Ki. 24, 10-16; 2Ch. 36. 10 Jer. 52. 1-3 ; 24 ; 29. 1-14, 16-20, 15, 21, to end. . Jer. 30; 31 Jer. 27 ; 28 NOVEMBER Day. Portions of Scripture. Pase. I Jer 48 ■ 49 913 919 9-26 928 932 935 938 3 2 Ch. 36. 11-21 ; Jer. 39. 1 ; 2Ki. 25. end of 1, 4 5 6 7 Jer.32: 33 Jer. 37.'5; 47; 37.6-10; 34. U, to end Jer. 37. 1 1, to end ; 21 ; 38 ; 39. 15, to end Jer. 52. 5, 6 ; 39. 3 ; 52. 7-11 ; 39. 11-14 ; 52. 24-27, 12-14, 17-23, 15, 16 ; 39. 10 Lam. 1; 2 944 948 952 956 10 11 12 11 Lam.3; 4; 5 Dan. 1.8, to end ; Ezek. 1 ; 2 ; 3. 1-21 E7.ek.3.22, to end ; 4; 5; 6; 7 14 Ezek. 11. 22, to Cfld; 12; 13; 14 967 16 Ezek. 17; 18; 19 976 17 Ezek. 20 ; 21 981 18 Ezek 22-23 986 19 Ezek. 24; 29. 1 16 OO 21 2 Ki. 25. 22 ; Jer. 40 ; 41 ; 42 ; 43. 1-7 997 24 Ezek. 33. 21, to rad ,- 25 1005 25 Ezek. 26: 27; 28 1007 26 Ezek. 32 • 33. 1 20 ]01o 27 Ezek 34- 35 . 1016 08 09 DECEMBER. Portions of Scripture. Ezek. 43; 44; 45; 46 Ezek. 47 ; 48 Ezek. 29. 17, toend; 30. 1-19 Dan. 2 Dan. 3; 4 Jer. 52. 31, to end; D.m. 7 Psalinsl37, 130, 80,77, 37 Psalms 67, 49, 53, 50, 10, 13, 14, 15, 25 Psalms 26, 27, 36, 89, 92, 93, 123 Dan. 5,8 Dan. 9; Psalm 102 Dan. 6 ; Ezra 1. 1-4; Psalms 126,85 Ezra 1. 5, to end ; 2 ; 3. 1-7 ; Psalms 107, 87. . Psalms 111, 11-3, 113, 114 Psalms 116, 117, 1-25, 127, 1-28,134 Ezra 3. 8, to end; Psalms 84, 66 Ezra 4. 1-5, p(. o/'24 ; Ps. 129 ; Dan. 10 ; 11 ; 12. Ezra 4. part of 24 ; 5. 1; Hae. 1. 1-11; Ezni 5.2; Hag. 1. 12, to e»d ; 2. 1-9; Zech. 1 1-6; Hag. 2. 10, to end; Zech. 1. 7, to end 2. tn 6 Ezra 5. 3, to end ; 6. 1-13 ; Ps. 138 ; Zech. 7 ; 8. Ezra 6. 14, to end; Psalms 48, 81, 146 to 150.. Ezra 4. 6-23 ; Est. 1 ; 2. 1, to part of 15 Ezra 7 ; 8 ; Est. 2. part of 15-20 Ezra 9 ; 10 Zech. 9. to the end of the Book Est. 2. 21, to the end of the Book Neh. 1. fo6; 12.27-43 Neh. 7; 8; 9; 10 Neh. 11 ; 12. 1-9, 44, to end ; 13. 1-3 ; Psalm 1 Psalm 119 Mai. 1 ; 2; 3. 1-15 Neh. 13. 4, to end ; Mai. 3. 16, to end ; 4 THE OLD TESTAMENT PERIOD I.''' FROM THE CREATION TO THE DELUGE PART I. THE CREATION Z^) Year before the(3) Common Year of Christ, 4004 I Dominical Letter, B Year before Clirist according to Dr. Hales 5411 Cycle of the Moon, 7 Julian Period, 710 Indiction, 5 Cycle of tlie Sun, 10 I Creation from Tun, or Seplcmber, 1 Gen. i. and ii. 4, to the end. PART I. The creation of heaven and earth, 3 of the light, 6 of the firmament, 9 of the earth separated from the waters, 11 and made fruitful, 14 of the sun, inoon, and stars, 20 of fish arul fowl, * Heb. between the 24 of beasts and cattle, 26 of man in the image of God, 29 also the appointment of food.— li: !« And God called the dry land Earth ; and the gathering together of 2Pe.3.5. the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good. ^^ And *iub. tender Qod Said, "Let the earth bring forth *grass, the herb yielding seed, ^'"'' and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth ; " and it was so. ^~ And the earth brought forth ^Vn. 4. 19. p«. grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding "&74t6.&iol: fr^itj whose seed was in itself, after his kind; and God saw that it i9.'& uti.'v. Je! was good. ^^ And the evening and the morning were the third day. ^^L?.'betv.ecnthe ^* And God Said, " Let nhere be lights'^' in the firmament of the fr/J"/! *'''"'" heaven to divide tthe day from the night ; and let them be for signs, XH.'b'for the rule and for scasons, and for days, and years: i^and let them be for lights /jotaf? i" ^'^e firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth ;" and it i v7. m. '21-26. was so. ^^ And God made two great lights ; the greater light Uo rule *or,em7,n/. ^.j^g ^^y^ g,^j ^j-,g Jesscr light to rulc the night: he made Hhe stars \nliuLifi.j. al^o. ^^ And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give * Heb. /ace 0/ , fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over 24'.*35.""& '26. every creeping thing thatcrcepeth upon the earth." ~^ So God created ■27,V^"Lt 2": man in his own imasje, in the image of God created lie him ; 'male Ps 37'!'22''2G.'& and female created He them, ^s And God ""blessed them, and God said T'J^m fl: unto them, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and sub- Pr. 3. 33. '&. id. due it ; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl «^e 2 16. &9. of the'air, and over every living thing that tmoveth upon the carth." 3j,Job'28.'5.^& 29 And God said, "Behold! I have given you every herb tbcaring Ps'. 104. l4," 15; seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the &'i36.'*'25.''& which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed ; "to you it shall be for meat. ?!'■"• &^'h7.^1 30 And to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and i!u!i2%r.'^Jo'fi: to every thing that crecpeth upon the earth, wherein there is *life, I 32."a"c.14'.i7.& have given every green herb for meat;" and it was so. ^^ And God 17.25. 1 I.. (.. ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^j^.^^^ -j^^^ j^^ j^^j made, and, behold, it was very good! *,"f ■ " '"""° And the evening and the morning were the sixth day. (•») Tlie sun and moon being objects of worsliip, tions the creation of vegetables, reptiles, and inferior Moses here specifies the purposes for which tliey animals, many of which were worsliipped by the were created ; as if in ridicule of the idolatrous Egyptians ; thereby asserting, in the very begin- Sabianism of the day. ning of his work, the superiority of the God ot (») For the same reason (vide note '') he men- Israel to the gods of the Lgyptians. p^^^ J , INSTITUTION OF THE SABBATH. 23 „ seeGe. 1. 1. 4 ThesG "urc the generations of the heavens and of the Gc,,.^ii. 4, u, pjoi. 38. 26-28 J J ^^ ^,ej.e<«^ created, in the day that the Lord ^.".rr^S God made the earth and the heavens, ^and evej-y plant of the field 'r . ,c, o_3 ^ before it was in the earth, and every herb of the hdd before it grew ; '',':%i:'l\^\t fo, the Lord God had not 'caused it to rain upon the earth, and tnere ?^b,tf is. I2: was not a man to till the ground. ' But f there went up a mist from fi t V:l-^l the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground lo/i4''Ef^ ' And the Lord God 'formed man tof the dust of the ground and fii^i^^ breathed into his nostrils the breath of life ; and man became a living 45. 9. & (54. 8. gQjjl 1:-tU.^A. ^ sXnd the Lord God planted "a garden eastward in Eden ; and ^^o^2.!^-AcJ; there he put the man whom he had formed. ^ And out of the ground IVfis^f 4?: made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight lco.f:"'' a„d ,ood for food ; Hhe tree of life also in the midst of the garden, *r;,r "^''^ and tlie tree of knowledge of good and evil. i« And a river vyent out r°Ge.3.a3,24.& ^f gdcn to watcr the garden; and from thence it was parted, and '■ "• " ": " became into four heads! - The name of the first is Pison: that is l-k f3."^-3i: it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah where ihere is gold ; 8,9. Joel 2. 3. 12 and the gold of that land is good : there is bdellium and the onyx '3*'T8.\'u. 30: stone 13 And the name of the second river is Gihon : the same is it je.^2. 7.^22. ^j^^^ compasseth the whole land of ^Ethiopia. ^^ And the name of *Heb. cush. thg third river is Hiddekel : that is it whioli goeth ttoward the east ^i^yrr^' '" of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates. Xou^dam. 15 ^nd the Lord God took tthe man, and put him into the garden *,w;-r.'"= """ of Eden to dress it and to keep it. '^ And the Lord God commanded tGc 3. 1, 3, 11, the man sayin And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years : 'and he died. ^And Seth lived an hundred and five years, and -'begat Enos. 1 And Seth lived after he begat Enos eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters. ^ And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years : and he died. ,n a 1 t- 9 And Enos lived ninety years, and begat "Cainau. And Enos lived after he begat Cainan eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters. ^^ And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years : and he died. ,,, , , 1 , i-^ a j 1-2 And Cainan lived seventy years, and begat tMahalaleel. And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters. '' And all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years : and he died. , ir a , 15 And Mahalaleel lived si.xty and five years, and begat t Jared. And Mahalaleel lived after he begat Jared eight hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters, i' And all the days of Mahalaleel were eio-ht hundred ninety and five years : and he died. ''is And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat ^Enoch. 19 And Jared hved after he begat Enoch eight hundred years, and begat sons and daughters. 20 And all the days of Jared were nine hundred sixty and two years : and he died. 21 And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah. 22 And Enoch "walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hun- dred years, and begat sons and daughters. ^3 And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years. ^4 And Enoch walked with God: and he was not ; for 'God took him.'"* 25 And Methuselah lived an hundred eighty and seven years, and begat tLamech. 26 And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters. 27 And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years : and he died. 28 And Lamech lived an hundred eighty and two years, and begat a son. 29 And he called his name tNoah, saying, " This same shall com- fort us concerning our work and toil of our hands, because of the ground^ which the Lord hath cursed." ^o And Lamech lived after he begat Noah five hundred ninety and five years, and begat sons and daughters, ^i And all the days of Lamech were seven hundred seventy and seven years : and he died. 32 And Noah was five hundred years old : and Noah *begat Shem, Ham, and Japheth. ^^^ A. M. 1535. B. C. 2469. Hales, 3275. PART V. STATE OF THE WORLD IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE DELUGE. Gen. vi. and vii. 1-4. The wickedness of the toorld, which provoked God's wrath and caused the flood SNoahJindeth grace. U The order, form, and end of the ark. — Chap. vn. 1 God commands Noah to enter the ark. 1 AND it came to pass, "when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 that the sons of God C«) As the doctrine of the certain e.xistence of Elijah, and Christ, proved to the world, by their another world is one of the chief truths to be en- ascension to heaven, the truth of the immortality of forced upon man ; a visible ascension into heaven the soul, and that its future happiness is the object has taken place in the three stages of the develop- which God has constantly m view, under every menf of the irreat scheme of redemption. Enoch, mode of appealing to his creatures. mcnt of the great scheme of redempti 28 NOAH COMMANDED TO MAKE THE ARK. [Period I. iDe. 7. 3, 4. g^^ ^{^g daughters of men that they were fair ; and they Hook them c Ga. 5. 16, 17. wives of all which they chose. dVii^d.^^9.^^ ^And the Lord said, "My ^Spirit shall not always strive with man, a The only case ''for that lic also is flcsli ; yct his days shall be an hundred and twenty in which King ,, James's transla- yearS. "^vahtrth/"' '* There were giants in the earth in those days ; and also after that, Go[fi?fre 'uent^ when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they but generally ' bare childrcu to them, the same became mightv men wliich were of Lord. £d. , , » o ^ Old, men oi renown. *i^gilMion^'tll ^ And ''God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, "^f[fi^|h"nJf ''"'and that *every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only ^In "but' alio'" ^^^^ tcoutinually. ^ And 'it repented the Lord that he had made man thepiirposesand qu the earth, aud it ^grieved him at his heart. "' And the Lord said, " I 8!2iTbe?29. 19. wiU dcstroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; a'Esd. ak^Mat. tboth man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the 15.19. j^j^. f(^^ jj repenteth me that I have made them." '^But Noah ''found tHeb. every day. • ^i f ^l T «see Nu. 23. gracc m the eyes or the Lord. ii',29,^'2^sa. ^ These are the generations of Noah. ''Noah was a just man and V'A'''i ^n'' ^' *p6rfect in his generations, and Noah 'walked with God. ^*^ And Noah /Is. 63. 10. Ep. begat three sons, 'Shem, Ham, and Japheth. ^^ The earth also was *\^K A. corrupt ''before God, and the earth was 'filled with violence. ^^ And J Heb. from man I •" unto beast. God "iooked upon the earth, and, behold, it was corrupt ! for all flesh '^aa.^iafis^iM?.' had corrupted his way upon the earth, Lu. 1. 30. Ac. 7. 13 And God said unto Noah, "The "end of all flesh is come before *Ge.7. 1. Ez. 14. nic ; for the earth is filled with violence through them ; and, behold! i7!Ro'.i.T7.'He! I will dcstroy them twith the earth. ^"^ Make thee an ark of gopher *o^\^^iit^^ wood ; trooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within iSeeGe.5. 23. and without with pitch. ^^And this is the fashion which thou shalt ;Ge. 5. 32. make it of. The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits, the iEz.8.n.&L 28. breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits. ^^ A win- 16. Hab. -2. 8, 17. ^j^^, shalt thou make to the ark, and in a cubit shalt thou finish it "i4.^2. & 33'. 13', above; and the door of the ark shalt thou set in the side thereof; ^j *5i'''i3^' Ez ^'^^^ lower, second, and third stories shalt thou make it. ^''' And, "be- 7. 2, 3, 6.' Am! hold ! I, even I, do bring a flood of waters upon the earth, to destroy tor, from 'the all flesh, whcrciu is the breath of life, from under heaven ; and every ^'''^- thing that is in the earth shall die. ^* But with thee will I establish my oGl7?r2i-23. covenant; and ''thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and pGe. 7. 1,7, 13. thy wife, and thy sons' wives with thee. ^^ And of every living thing 2. 5.' ' " °' of all flesh, 'two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep , Ge.7.8, 9, 15, ^j^gj^^ ^jj^,g ^-jj^ ^j^gg . ^j^gy gjjj^ij ^g j^j^ig ^^^ female, ^o Of fowls after (") The sacred historian now proceeds to relate power which he possessed, as the God of mankind, the history of the deluge. The causes for which to destroy, as well as to create and to preserve, this terrible judirment of the Almighty was per- That this wonderful event, the dehige, certainly mitted to overwhelm the earth are to be found in took place is confirmed by every proof which could the state of mankind at that period. It seems to be required by the most incredulous. Its history is have been necessary (if the term necessary may written on the surface of the globe, and engrafted be applied to the vvorks of that Being, to whom into the annals of all nations. If it once took place, necessity and chance "approach not") for the it could never have been forgotten ; and we accord- preservation of the line of the Messiah, and for ingly find, that it was commemorated by rites, the perpetual instruction of mankind. The apos- customs, festivals, and emblems ; such as the dove, lacy was almost universal ; the visible Church of the serpent, the lotus, the cypselus, the mundane God was reduced to one family ; and it is scarcely or arkite egg, with many others; all of which, possible to suppose, that this single family would though useful and innocent at first, were after- lonf have remained unaffected by the contagion of wards perverted to idolatrous uses. Moses there- infidelity around them. The world therefore was fore relates this important history at some length, destroyed, that the Cliurch of God might be pre- and uses many e.xpressions which evidently allude served; as it is at present only " kept in store," to the manners and customs of the surrounding until the numbers of the Christian Church be com- idolatrous nations.— Vide Bryant's .^7iuh/sis; Mau- pleted. The Being who utters these words to rice's Hindostaii ; papers in the .Asiatic Researches ; Noah is the Angel Jehovah, the Messiah of the Faber's Oiiirin of Pagan Idolatry ; in which Church : and the words in Gen. vi. 17. ■■' I, even I, the interesting subjects of the arkite worship, do brinf a flood of waters," may be considered ns and the traditions of the deluge are discussed at an assertion of hii divinity, as a declaration of the ■•reat length. Part VI. THE DELUGE. 29 their kind, and of cattle after their kind, of every creeping thing of the earth after his kind, two of every sort 'shall come unto thee, to keep them alive. ~^ And take thou unto thee of all food that is eaten, and thou shalt gather it to thee ; and it shall be for food for thee, and for them." ^^ Thus 'did Noah ; according to all that God com- manded him, so did he. ^ And the Lord said unto Noah, "Come 'thou and all thy ocn.vii. 1-4. 17 26 He i Pe' ^^^^^ J^^to the ark ; for "thee have I seen righteous before me in this gen- 3.''2o. 2Pe'. 2. 5. eration. ^ Of every "clean beast thou shalt take to thee by *sevens, the "prrio^g.^'a Pe! male and his female : "and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. ^Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female ; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth. '* For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights ; and every living substance that I have made will I tdestroy from off the face of the earth." 3 Ge. 7. He. 11 Ex. 40. 49. 50. 11. 1. t Mat. 24. 38, V Lev. xi *Heb. * t Heb. blot out. A. M. 1656. B. C. 2348. Hales, 3155. b Ge. 6. 19. * Or, 071 thesev- entli day. ■f Or, fioodtratcs. Ge. 1. 7. ^ 8. 2. Ps. 78. 23. eGe. 6. 18. He. 11.7. 1 Pe. 3. 20. 2 Pe. 2. 5. /Ge. 7. 2, 3. J Heb. Mirto-. g Ge. 6. 20. A See Ge. 7. 22. i Ps. 104. 20. a Heb. walked. —Ed. j Ps. 104. 6. Jer. 3. 23. k Ge. 6. 13, 17. Job22.16.2Esd. 3. 9, 10. Wis. 10. 4. Mat. 24. 39. Lu. 17.27. H'e. 3. G. I See Ge. 0. 7. * Heb. tke brrath oftJie spirit of life. VOI-. I PART VI. THE DELUGE. Gen. vii. 5, to the end, and viii. 1-12. Noah, loith his family, and the living creatures, enter into the ark. 17 77ie beginning, increase, and continuance of the flood. — Chap. viii. 1 The waters assuage. 4 TTie ark resteth on Ararat. 7 The raven and the dove. ^ AND "Noah did according unto all that the Lokd commanded him. ^ And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth. ''' And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood. ® Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth, '■* there went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had 'commanded Noah. ^^ And it came to pass *after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth. ^1 In the six hundredth year of Noah's hfe, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all 'the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the t windows of heaven were opened. ^~ And ''the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights. ^^ In the selfsame day 'entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah's wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark ; ^'^ they, -^and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every tsort. ^^ And they ^went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life. ^^ And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, ''as God had commanded him : and the Lord shut him in. ^"^ And the flood was forty days upon the earth ; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth. ^^ And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth ; 'and the ark ''went upon the face of the waters. ^^ And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth ; ^and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered. ~^ Fifteen cubits up- ward did the waters prevail ; and the mountains were covered. 2^ And ''all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man : -^all in 'whose nostrils was *the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. ^^ And every living substance #c 30 GOD'S COVENANT WITH NOAH. [Period I. was destroyed which was ujxjn the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven ; and m iPe. 3. 20. they were destroyed from the earth : and "Noah only remained alive, 2 pe. 2. 5. ^^^ ^j^^^ ^j^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^,.^1^ j^.^^_^ .^ ^l^g ^^^ d4 ^nj tj^e waters prevailed n See Gen. 7. 11. upon the earth "an hundred and fifty days. og!.'i^9. 29. 1 And God "remembered Noah, and every living thing, Gen. viii. 1-12. Ex.2. 24. 1 sa. ^^^ ^j} ^j^g cattle that was with him in the ark ; "and God p Ex. 14. 21. made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters assuaged. -The 5 See Ge. 7. 11. "fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, r Job 33. 37. and "the rain from heaven was restrained. -^ And the waters returned » Heb. in going from off the earth ^continually ; and after the end 'of the liundred sSelGe"7"iif24. and fifty days the waters were abated. '* And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day ^ neb. were in go- of the mouth, upou the mountains of Ararat. ^ And the waters tde- ''"""" creased continually until the tenth month : in the tenth month, on ing and decreas- ing. the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen. ^ And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened t Ge. 6. 16. 'the window of the ark which he had made. "^ And he sent forth a J Heb. in going ravcn, which went forth tto and fro, until the waters were dried up /oHk and return. ^^^^ ^^. ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ g ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^.^j^ ^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ j^j^^ ^^ ^^^ • f ^j^^ waters were abated from oft' the face of the ground ; ^ but the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth : then he b^causedher put forth his hand, and took her, and *pulled her in unto him into the ark. ^"^ And he staid yet other seven days, and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark, ^^ and the dove came in to him in the even- ing, and, lo! in her mouth was an olive leaf plucked oft'; so Noah knew that the waters were abated from oft" the earth. ^^ And he staid yet other seven days, and sent forth the dove ; which returned not again unto him any more. Heb. PART VII. THE COVENANT WITH NOAH. Gen. viii. 13, to the end, and ix. 1-17. Noah, being commanded. \^ goeili forth of the ark. 20 He buildeth an altar, ami offereth sacrifice, PA.RT VII. ^i which God accepteth, and promiseth to curse the earth no more. — Chap. ix. 1 God blesseth Noah. 4 Blood and murder are forbidden. 8 God's covenant, 13 signified by the rainbow. b' c ' S' ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^"^^ ^^ P^^^ "^ ^^^^ ^^^^'^ hundredth and first year, in hIle's, 3151. the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up — from oflT the earth : and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold ! the face of the ground was dry. ^^ And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried. i-^And God spake unto Noah, saying, ^^ '' Go forth of the ark, aGe.7. 13. ^tliou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' wives with thee. 6 Ge. 7. 15. 1" Bring forth with thee ''every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the cSeeGe. 1. 22. earth, aud'bc fruitful, and multiply upon the earth." i* And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him; • Hfib. famaic,. I'J every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever fHeb^'a savour crecpoth upou thc carth, after their *kinds, went forth out of the ark. o/re'st. " Le. 1. 20 \f,<-i Noali buildcd an altar unto the Lord ; and took of ''every Q^.^Mi'-a^tv clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and off'ered burnt off'erings on \m:A^\i. ^' ^' the altar. ~' And the Lord smellcd a tsweet savour ; and the Lord eGe.3. 17.&6. g^id in lus heart, "I will not again 'curse the ground any more for Part VIII.] NOAH LEAVES THE ARK. 3] J: Or, /A-mo^A. See mai^'g sake; tfor the imaijfination of man's heart is evil from his Ge (i. 5. Job]4. . ' t • ' -. ^i • r ■ t i 4. & 15. 14. Ps. youth ; ■'^neither will I again smite any more every tiling living, as 1 have tt-il'.tif'it done. 22* While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold I'. c!'''ro. h 2°: and heat, and summer and winter, and "day and night shall not cease." &3.23. &5. 12. 1 And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto ^^^ .^ ^ ,^ iueb.'jil'yefan thcm, " Bc "fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. ^eartt"''u!'ii!a. ^ ^"^ 'thc fcar of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast fi-jer.33.20,25.' of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, upon all that moveth See Ge. 1.28. & ^^^^ ^^xq earth, and upon all the fishes of the sea; into your hand 10. 32 isee Ge. 1. 26. arc they delivered. -^ Every ■'moving thing that livetli shall be meat j Deut.^ia^^is. & for you ; even as the *green herb have I given you 'all things. '^ But [I'l^^'ll ^'" '"flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not /, See Ge. 1. 29. eat. ^ And surely your blood of your lives will I require ; "at the hand 'fco;.io.23',2^' ^^ every beast will I require it, and "at the hand of man ; at the hand coK 2. 16. I'Ti. Qf every ''man's brother will I require the life of man. ^ Whoso 'shed- ,«Le'. 3. 17. & 7. deth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed : 'for in the image ]4:&/9.'2a'De.' of God made he man. "^ And you, 'be ye fruitful, and multiply ; bring il 23: ^1 'stilt forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein." 32-34.' Ez.%4. ?; 8 And God spake unto Noah, and to iiis sons with him, saying, n Ex. 21. 28.' ^ " And I, 'bchold ! I establish my covenant with you, and with your oGe.4.9,10. Ps. sccd after you ; ^° and "with every living creature that is with you, of \fil 17 26 the fowl, of the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you ; from 9 Ex. 21. 12, 14. all that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth. ^^ And "I will 35.'3^ot 3u m1 establish my covenant with you ; neither shall all flesh be cut off^ any 26. 52.' Re. 13.10. j^orc by tlic watcrs of a flood ; neither shall there any more be a flood Islec'e"'! 28 ^o dcstroy the earth." i^ And God said, "This ""is the token of the t cre.Ts. covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature ,( Ps. 145. 9. that is with you, for perpetual generations : ^^ I do set ''my bow in V Is. 54. 9. ^j^g cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and "iSv.^l'.l]' the earth. ^^ And ^it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over 3, Ecci. 43. 11, 12. the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud; ^^ and ^I will '^Le^^^u^' 42 45. remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every Ez. 16. 6o7 living creature of all flesh ; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. ^^ And the bow shall be in the cloud ; and I a Ge. 17. 13, 19. y^\\\ \qq\^ upon it, that I may remember "the everlasting covenant be- tween God and every living creature of all flesh that is upon the earth." ^"^ And God said unto Noah, " This is the token of the cove- nant, which I have established between me and all flesh that is upon the earth." —— PART VIII. PART^-m. NOAH PROPHESIES THE FATE OF HIS SONS. A- M- 1«'Y- Gen- 'X- I^, to the end. '' Noah replenisheth the tvorld, "iO plante/h avinei/ard, 2\ is drunken, and knocked qf his son, ''25 cnrseth Hales, 3148. Canaan, 26 blesseth Shem, tl prayethfor Japhetli, 29 and dieth. ^^ AND: the sons of Noah, that went forth of the ark, were Shem, ?/; ^^nf' ^"^^ Ham, and Japheth : "and Ham is the father of *Canaan. ^^ These *are the three sons of Noah : "and of them was the whole earth overspread. 3!i9,'23!^& 20 And Noah began to be a ''husbandman, and he planted a vine- >o^' '^' ^^' yS'^d. 21 And he drank of the wine, 'and was drunken ; and he was uncovered within his tent. 22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without. 23 And /Ey. 20. 12. ^Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoul- u,.. fi. 1. ders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father ; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father's naked- ness. 24 And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger * Heb. Ckcnaan. i Ge. 5. 32. c Ge. 10. 32. 1 Ch. 1. 4, &c 4. 2. cPr. ' 32 TPIE BUILDING OF BABEL. [Period IL g Deut. 27. 16. A Jos. 9. 23. 1 Ki. 9. 20, 21, i Pa. 144. 15. He 11. 16. t Or, servant U them. J Or, persuade. A. M. 1956. B. C. 20-18. Hales, 2805. son had done unto him. ~^ And he said, " Cursed ^be Canaan ; ''a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren." '^^ And he said, " Blessed 'be the Lokd God of Shem ; and Canaan shall be his tservant. ^^ God shall tenlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem ; and Canaan shall be his servant." 2^ And Noah lived after the flood three hundred and fifty years. ^^ And all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years : and h6 died.^'«^ PERIOD II FROM THE DISPERSION TO THE EXODUS. SECT. I. A. M. 1770. B. C. 2234. Hales, 2614 to 2554. * Heb. lip. f Heb. words. t Or, eastward, as Ge. 13. 11. Hb. 2 Sa. 6. 2. with 1 Ch. 13. 6. PART I. THE CONFUSION OF TONGUES, AND DISPERSION OF BIANKIND.O) Section I. — The Building of Babel. Gen. xi. 1-9. One language in the v-o4d. 3 Tlie Imildimr of Babel. 3 The confusion of tongues. ^ AND the whole earth was of one *lanouage, and of one fspcech. ^And it came to pass, as they journeyed tfiom the East, that tliey not, however, equally obedient to the divine will. The sons of Cush, under the command of Nimrod, marched off through the defiles of the lofty Tauric range, passed round the southern extremity of the Caspian Sea, and then turning to the south-west, reached the plain of Shinar. There they built the city and the tower of Babel. Thence they were dispersed by miracle, and scattered over the whole earth. The confusion of tongues, Mr. Bryant sup- poses, to have been merely the confusion of the lip, or a change of pronunciation only. After this second dispersion, the Cuthim or Hammoni- ans, as they were called, wandered over the earth ; established their idolatry, which consisted chiefly of the worship of fire, and of the sun, with the arkite rites ; carried every where science, arts, and commerce ; conquered their brethren, planted flour- ishing colonies, and founded powerful kingdoms. Mr. Faber supposes, that mankind continued in Armenia till after the death of Noah and his three sons ; and endeavours to confirm this position by adopting the chronology of the Samaritan Penta- teuch. In the year .55'J after the deluge, according to this learned and ingenious author, the whole of the descendants of Noah, under the influence of Nirnrod and the family of Cush, who had gradually obtained great influence among their brethren, moved in one large body from Armenia, and, follow- ing the course of the Euphrates, at length arrived in Shinar. At this place idolatry, whicli had in- sensibly commenced in Armenia, and proceeded till it had almost superseded the worship of the one true God, was perfected. As the human mind never tolerates any violent or sudden change in received and well-confirmed opinions, the ancient idolatrj' is supposed to have originated in slow and imperceptible innovations, alterations, and perver- sions of the pure patriarchal religion ; till it became a strange and monstrous compound of Demonolatry, Sabianism, Materialism. Polytheism, and cruelty. The outward forms of Patriarchism were studi- ously copied ; even the doctrine of tiie Incarnation was perverted to hero worship : each of their an- cestors who had been eminent or useful, was con- sidered as an incarnation of the Deity ; and there is abundant reason to believe, that the influence of Nirnrod was obtained from this circumstance ; that he assumed the title of " The Son ;" he named (IS) The death of Noah ought not properly to be inserted at this place : I have not, however, here changed tlie order of the text, as the Scripture is silenf with respect to the subsequent life of Noah, and his probable removal from Nachshevan, in Armenia ; where he long lived after the flood : and it was not thought advisable to interrupt the subse- quent narrative, with the isolated date of the death of this patriarch. (ij Our attention is now directed to an event, on which it has ever been more easy to write volumes than paragraphs. Though it is but briefly related by the sacred historian, its effects are still to be traced in the destinies of the sons of Noah, who even to this time retain the character impressed upon them at the time of the apostacy at Babel. They are still the sport of ambition and religious error. Separated by a variety of languages, which but for this event would not have existed, they seem by their numerous divisions to labor still un- der that curse, which was inflicted upon them as a punishment for their impious attempt to frustrate the decree of Providence, which had assigned to each of the principal families the boundaries of their inheritance. That the whole world was of one language, and that their language was that of Noah and his three sons, is acknowledged by all ; and Josephus in- forms us, that mankind long remained together as one family, inhabiting the tops of the mountains, in the country round Ararat. While they were thus united, it is likewise generally allowed, that their future destinations were assigned to them by Noah, speaking under the influence of divine inspiration. Moses mentions this division of the earth (Deut. xxxii. 7, 8.) when the Israelites were in sight of the Holy Land, and reminds them, as of a thing well known, that Canaan had been from the begin- ning the lot of their inheritance. So far then all arc agreed. With respect to the emigration of mankind from Armenia (for there, according to the best evidence, the ark rested), Mr. Bryant (with others) is of opinion, that some of the families of Noah dispersed in an orderly manner to their respective settlements. This was the first dispersion ; and this event he supposes to be related in that most invaluable of all ancient records, the tenth chapter of Genesis. Other families were Part L] THE GENEALOGY OF NOAH. 33 • FTeb. a man said to his neighbour. t licb. hum them lo a burniiirr. a i. e. bitumen. ,; D.'. 1. 28. 4 Ue. 18. 21. found a plain in the land of Shinar ; and they dwelt there. ^ And *they said one to another, " Go to, let us make brick, and tburn them throuo-hly." And they had brick for stone, and ^slime had they for mortar. ^ And they said, " Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, "whose top may reach unto heaven ; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." ^ And Hhe Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of 19. Acts n^en builded. "^ And the Lord said, " Behold ! 'the people is one, and they have all one language, and this they begin to do ; and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have ''imagined to do. ' Go to, 'let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may ■'^not understand one another's speech." ^ So ^the Lord scattered them abroad from thence ''upon the face of all the earth ; and they left off to build the city. ^ Therefore is the name of it called tBabel, t '^^^^tisTctnfii- because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth ; .ioii.i Co. 14.23. g^jT^^i fj.Qj^ thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth. Section II. — The Genealogy of Noali}"^^ Gen. X. 37(6 generations of Noah. 2 The sons of Japheth. 6 The sons of Ham. 8 Nimrod the frst SECT II monarch. 21 The sons of Shem. — ^ Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah — Shem, Ham, and Japheth ; "and unto them were sons born after the flood. f Ps. 2. 4. Ac. 2. !, ^, 6. f Ge. 42. 23. De. Hi. 49. Je. 5. 15. 1 Co. 14. 2, 11. ^ Luke 1.51. a Ge. 9. 1, 7, 9. himself, and was believed to be, the expected In- carnate, the Angel Jehovah, who sometimes ap- peared to mankind. Had this state of things continued, religion would have been again in danger of perishing from oif the earth. Mankind continued at Shinar, Mr. Faber endeavours to prove, about seventy-one j'ears. During this period, the whole body of man- kind were divided into castes, under the influence of Nimrod, the Maha-Bad, or Maha-Bel, or the great Belus of the Hindoos : and every effort which human wisdom could contrive was exerted, to continue the influence of the sacerdotal, and military family of the Cuthim; and to perpetuate, against the commands of God, the unholy union of a corrupt and idolatrous empire. While the tower, which they intended to be the monument of their glory, was still building, the true Incarnate, the Angel Jehovah, appeared to them from heaven ; overthrew their to^^-er (accord- ing to general tradition) with thunders and light- nings ; and confused their language, " so that they left off to build the city." The Jewish writers believed that seventy-two languages were spoken upon the dispersion from Shinar, corresponding- v/ith the number of the heads of families. The learned Joseph Mede sup- poses there were but sixteen, corresponding with the heads of nations. Sir William Jones, however, seems to have demonstrated that three languages only succeeded to the one language spoken at Shi- nar : after this event, he is of opinion that the primitive language was entirely lost ; others with great probability affirm, that the Hebrew v/as the primitive and sacred language. Language was at first the gift of God. The various disquisitions of learned men have proved that it could not have been the invention of man. It was given by miracle and inspiration. As the primitive language was thus given, so the three languages to which, according to Sir William Jones, all the dialects of men are to be traced, were three underived, unconnected languages. All mankind is divided into three races, corresponding with the three languages. The three races are de- nominated by Sir William Jones (speaking gener- ally) Hindoos, Arabs, and Tartars : the three lan- guagps, Sanscrit, Arabi'-, and Sclavonic. VOL. I. 5 The Indian race comprehends the ancient Per- sians ; the Asiatic and African Ethiopians ; the Greeks, Phenicians, Tuscans; the Souths, or Goths ; the Celts ; the Chinese, Japanese, Egyp- tians, Syrians, Burmans, Romans, and Peruvians. The language of the Indian race was Sanscrit ; the parent of the Gothic and Celtic, though blend- ed with another idiom, the Persian, the Armenian, and the old Ethiopic. Sanscrit too is undoubtedly the fountain of the Greek and Latin. The tradi- tions of Homer are to be found in Sanscrit Poems ; the idolatry of Greece and Rome was brought into those countries by the Pelasgi, who were but a branch of the Cuthic shepherds, whose language was Sanscrit. The Arabic race comprehends those who occupy the country between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. From the Arabic sprung the dialects used by the Jews, Arabs, and Assyrians. The Tartar race comprehends those who occupy the wide regions of Tartary ; who have spread them- selves into Russia, Poland, and Hungary. Their language was the Sclavonic, from which origin- ated, so far as Sir William Jones could decide, the various dialects of Northern Asia, and North Eastern Europe. Bryant, Sir William Jones, and Mr. Faber, are thus more particularly mentioned, because they are not only the best, but the last, of the more emi- nent writers who have discussed this subject : and they are all intimately acquainted with the learned labors of their predecessors. Our knowledge of the circumstances of the dispersion, and of the manner in which idolatry was established in the several countries where it most flourished has been" much increased by these authors ; particularly by Mr. Faber. But the general conclusion at which they, and the earlier writers arrived, is the same : and the question is for ever set at rest, whether all the races of men were descended from one stock : the dark Negro, the white European, and the swar- thy Asiatic, being plainly traced to their respective ancestors of the family of Noah. Vide Bryant's Analysis ; Faber's Origin of Pagan Idolatry, chiefly B. 6 ; Papers of Sir Wm. Jones, in the first three volumes of the Asiatic Researches ; Mede ; Light- foot; Stillingfleet. (-) Genesis x. is inserted here, because it relates 34 THE GENEALOGY OF SHEM TO ABRAM. [Period II. ICh. 1.5, &c. * Or, as some read it, Rodaiiim. e Ps. 72. 10. Jer. 2. 10. Zeph. 2. 11. (iChron. 1.8, &c. a The Hebrew superlative : i. e. Nimrod Wiis a very fiiraous hun- ter.— £d. A. M. ab. 1786. B. C. nb. 2218. Hales, 2554. e Jer. 16. 16. Mic. 7.2. /Mic. 5. 6. t Gr. Babylon. X Or, he. went out into .Assyria. * Or, the streets of the city, g 1 Ch. 1. 12. t Heb. Tzidon. k Ge. 13. 12, 14, 15, 17. & 15. 18- 21. Nu. 34.2-12. Jos. 12. 7, 8. t Heb. Jlzzah. i 1 Ch. 1.17,&c. * Heb. Arpach- j 1 Ch. 1. 19, &c. X That is, Divis- k Ge. 9. 19. ^\ZCT . HI. ol Ch. I. , 17, &e. A. M. 1658. B. C. 2.346. Hales, , 3153. 2 The *sons of Japheth ; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras. ^ And the sons of Gomer ; Ash- kenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah. "* And the sons of Javan ; EHshah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and *Dodanim. ^ By these were "the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands ; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations. ^ And ''the sons of Ham ; Gush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan. ''And the sons of Gush ; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtechah : and the sons of Raamah ; Sheba, and Dedan. ^ And Gush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth. ^He was a ''mighty hunter before the Lord ; wherefore it is said, " Even as Nimrod the mighty 'hunter before the Lord." ^"And-^the begin- ning of his kingdom was fBabel, and Erech, and Accad, and Galneh, in the land of Shinar. ^^ Out of that land twent forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and *the city Rehoboth, and Galah, ^~ and Resen between Nineveh and Galah ; the same is a great city. ^^And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim, ^^ and Pathrusim, and Gasluhim, ('out of whom came Philistim,) and Gaphtorim. ^^ And Ganaan begat tSidon his firstborn, and Heth, ^"and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and Girgasite, ^"^ and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite, ^^ and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite : and afterward were the families of the Ganaanites spread abroad. ^^ And ''the border of the Ganaanites was from Sidon, as thou comest to Gerar, unto tGaza ; as thou goest unto Sodom, and Gomor- rah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha. ~^ These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in thei: nations. -^ Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him were children born. — The ^children of Shem ; Elam, and Asshur, and *Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram. ^^And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash. ^^And Arphaxad begat tSalah ; and Salali begat Eber. -^ And^unto Eber were born two sons : the name of one was tPeleg ; for in his days was the earth divided ; and his brother's name was Joktan. ~*^ And Joktan begat Almodad, and Shcleph, and Hazarma- veth, and Jerah, -" and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah, '^^ and Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba, -" and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab : all these were the sons of Joktan. ^" And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest, unto Sephar, a mount of the East. ^^ These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations. ^~ These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations : *and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood. Section III. — The Genealogy of Shem to Ahram.^^^ Gex-j. xi. 10-2G. '" These "are the generations of Shem. Shem was an hundred years old, and begat Arpha.xad two years after the flood : ^' and Siiem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters. the history of mankind according to their several lancTuages. It must therefore refer to a period sub- sequent to that recorded in the beginning of chap. xi where mankind are represented as s]>eaking but one language. (3) The sacred historian having related the man- ner in which the primeval religion was corrupted, proceeds immediately to give an account of the line of the Messiah. Part II.] B. C.231]. Hales, 3018. b See Luke 3. 36. A. M. 1723. B. C. 2281. Hales, 2888. c 1 Ch. 1. 19, &.C. A. M. 1757. B. C. 2247. Hales, 2754. d Lu. 3. 35, Phalec. A. M. 1787. B. C. 2217. Hales, 2624. A. M. 1819. B. C. 2185. Hales, 2492. e Luke 3. 35, Sariich. A. M. 1849. B. C. 2155. Hales, 2362. A. M. 1878. B. C. 2126. Hales, 2283. /Luke 3. 34, Thara. A. M. 1948. B. C. 2056. Hales, 2153. g Jos. 24. 2. SECT. L A. M. 1874. B. C. 2130. Hales, 2337. THE LIFE OF JOB. 35 ^~ And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, ''and begat Salah : ^^and Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters. ^'^ And Salah lived thirty years, and begat Eber : ^^ and Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters. 16 And 'Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat ''Peleg : ^^ and Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters. I'^And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu: i'-* and Peleg lived after he begat Reu tvi^o hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters. 2" And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat 'Serug : ^^and Reu lived after he begat Serug tw^o hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters. 22 And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor : ^3 and Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters. 2^ And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat -^Terah : ^s and Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters. ^sAnd Terah lived seventy years, and ^begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran. PART II. THE LIFE OF JOB.W Section I. ■The Character of Job. Joe i. 1-5. The holiness, riches, and religious care of Job for his children. 1 THERE was a man "in the land of Uz, whose name was *Job ; * Moses isthoaght to have written the Book of Job whilst among the berore'chnst aud that man was "perfect and upright, and one that ''feared God, and 6 Ez. 14. 14. Ja. .5. n. c Gen. 6. 9. & 17. 1. ch. 2. 3. d Pr. 8. 13. & 16. a about 1520. Gen. 22. 20,21. (*) The life of Job is placed before the life of Abraham, on the authority of Dr. Hales. Job him- self, or one of his contemporaries, is generally sup- posed to have been the author of this book ; which Moses obtained when in Midian, and, with some alterations, addressed to the Israelites. Dr. Hales' arguments are as follow : — 1 . The silence of this book respecting the Exo- dus, the passage of the Red Sea, the promulgation of the Law, &.c. wliich took place in the vicinity of the country of Job, and which were so apposite in his debate on the ways of Providence, seems to prove that it was written prior to those events. 2. Its silence respecting the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah shows that it was written before that event. [But see Job xviii. 15. — Ed.] 3. The longevity of Job places him among the patriarchs who long preceded Abraham. He sur- vived his trial 140 years ; and is supposed to have attained to that age before his trial began. 4. The manners and customs are exclusively those of pure and ancient patriarchism. He was tlie priest in his own family ; and the institution of an established priesthood does not appear to have taken place till the days of Abraham. 5. The very ancient custom of prostration, as a mark of respect, does not even appear to have boc-n known in Arabia, in the time of Job. Job was one of " the greatest men of the East," yet we do not find this adoration paid to him. See the marks of respect shown to Job, chap. xxix. 6. The most ancient kind of idolatry seems to have been Sabianism, which, in the time of Job, was regarded with abhorrence, as a novelty deser- ving judicial punishment. Job xxxi. 26. 7. In the time of Job, the stars Chimah and Chesil, or Taurus and Scorpio ("Job ix. 9), were the cardinal constellations of spring and autumn. Dr. Hales calculates, in the usual manner, from their present position, the probable period of Job's trial. Such are the arguments of the venerable Dr. Hales, which have induced me to place the history of the life of Job before that of Abraham. They do not, however, appear to fix his exact era; for the mere circumstance, that Job mentions certain stars, does not prove them to have been the cardinal constellations in his day. With Dr. Hales, there- fore, I have placed the life of Job before that of Abraham, but have supposed him to liave lived about the year 2130 B. C. The postdiluvian patri- archs, who lived the same number of years, were contemporary with each other. Job is said to have lived 280 years ; and it is supposed that his life was prolonged on account of his piety and suffer- ings. If we allow fifty years for this unusual term, his age will be found to be of the same length as that of Serug, the great-grandfather of Abraham, who flourished about this time. But my chief reason for assigning to the life of Job its present date, is derived from a consideration of the manner in which God has condescended to deal with mankind. Idolatry, as we read in the preceding part of this Period, had occasioned the dispersion from Babel. It was gradually encroaching still further on every family, which had not yet lost the knowledge of the true God. Whoever has studied the conduct of Providence, will have observed, that God has never left liimself v^ithout witnesses in the world to tlie trutli of his religion. To the old world, Heb. AeMv^^- 1 \ix([ t\iQ LoRD saiduiito Satan, " Whcnce comcst tliou?" Then i. Re. ]2. 9^ lo! Satan answered the Lord, and said, " From "going to and fro in the 36 FIRST TRIAL OF JOB. [Period II. eschewed evil. ^ And there were born unto him seven sons and three t ot, eaaie. daughters. -^His tsubstance also was seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hund-red t Or, husbandry, shc-asscs, and a vcry great Jhousehold ; so that this man was the * Heb. sons of the greatest of all the *men of the East. "* And his sons went and feasted in their houses, every one his day ; and sent and called for their three sisters to eat and to drink with them. ^ And it was so, when the days of their feasting were gone about, that Job sent and sanctified them, e^n. 8. 20. ch. ^^^j^ ,.Qgg yp g^rly in the morning, 'and offered burnt offerings accord- ing to the number of them all ; for Job said, '' It may be that my sons / 1 Ki. 21. 10, 13. ]^ave sinned, and ■'^cursed God in their hearts." Thus did Job ^Heh.aU the days. tcOUtinUally. Section 1L— First Trial of Jub. Job i. 6, to the end. SECT. II. Satan, appearing before God, by calumniation obtaineth leave to tempt Job. 13 Under stamling of tlie loss of his goods and children, in his mourning he bksseth God. o <=h- 2- 1. 6 No^y "there was a day Hvhen the sons of God came to present *ch.^".^.^' ^^' themselves before the Lord, and *Satan came also tamong them. ^ Heb. I sanj, '. 1. Re. ^^ti'em.^'"''^ earth, SLiid from walking up and down in it." ^ And the Lord said cch.2. 2. Mat. unto Satan, " tHast thou considered my servant Job, that there is t Heb.' Ha^i tjw^ noHC Ukc him in the earth, a perfect and an upright man, one that cb.'^'a!^'"'' ""' feareth God, and escheweth evil? " ^ Then Satan answered the Lord, i Ps.34.8. Is. 5. and said, " Doth Job fear God for nought ? ^^ Hast ''not thou made a e Ps. i:». 1, 2. hedge about him, and about his house, and about all that he hath on Prov. 10. 22. every side ? 'thou hast blessed the work of his hands, and his *sub- /ch?2'5.&i9.2i. stance is increased in the land. ^^ But ^put forth thy hand now, and t Heb. '/ '^^«"^« touch all that he hath, tand he will ^curse thee to thy face." ^^ And fiZ. "" ^ the Lord said unto Satan, "Behold ! all that he hath is in thy tpowcr ; ^s.'lbfir' ^^'''' only upon himself put not forth thy hand." So Satan went forth X Heb. jiand. Go. from the prcscncc of the Lord. h Ec.9. 12. ^^ And there was a day ''when his sons and his daughters were eat- ing and drinking wine in their eldest brother's house. ^^ And there came a messenger unto Job, and said, " The o.xen were ploughing, and the asses feeding beside them: ^^and the Sabeans fell upon them, and took them away ; yea, they have slain the servants with the edge of the sword ; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee ! " ^^ While he * Or, A great fire, was yct spcakiug, tlicrc came also another, and said, " *The fire of God is fallen from heaven, and hath burned up the sheep, and the servants, and consumed them ; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee ! " ^' While he was yet speaking, there came also another, and tHeb.ru^Acd. gaid, "The Chaldeans made out three bands, and tfell upon the camels, and have carried them away, yea, and slain the servants with Noah was a preacher and a witness ; to the latter sidered as the faithful witness, in bis day, to the times of patriarchisni, Abraliam and his descend- hope of the Messiah : he professed the true religion, ants; to the ages of the Levitical Law, Moses, and his belief in the following important truths : — David, and the prophets ; and to the first ages of the creation of the world by one Supreme Being ; Christianity, the apostles and the martyrs were the government of that world by the providence severally witnesses of the truth of God. But we of God; the corruption of man, by nature; the have no account whatever, unless Job be the man, necessity of sacrifices to propitiate the Deity; and that any faithful confessor of the one true God, the certainty of a future resurrection. Tliese were arose between the dispersion from Babel, and the the doctrines of the patriarchal age, as well as of call of Abraham. If it be said, that the family of the Jewish and Christian covenants. They are Shem was the visible Church of that age, it may the fundamental truths of that one system of reli- be answered, that it is doubtful whether even this gion, which is alone acceptable to God, by whatever family were not idolaters ; for Joshua tells the Isra- name it may be distinguished in the several ages elites (Jos. xxiv. 2.) that the ancestors of Abraham of the world.— Vide Hales' Analysts, vol. ii. p. 53, were worshippers of images. &c. ; Abp. IVIagee On the Boole of Job ; Disc, en Job therefore, in this age of error, may be con- the .Atonement, vol. ii. ; Bishop Patrick On Job. Part II.] ^> \v . ^y^.-M^E FRIENDS OF JOB VISIT HIM. the edge of the sword; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee !" ^ ^"^ White he was yet speaking, there came also another, and said, "' ' z"^' " Thy sons and thy daughters were eating, and drinking wine in their i H^h. from aside, eldcst brother's house ; ^'-^ and, behold ! there came a great wind tfrom ^''' the wilderness, and smote the four corners of the house, and it fell -^-'.v'-* *j upon the young men, and they are dead ; and I only am escaped alone '^-^^ /t4 *or,robc. 20 ^hen Job arose, ^and rent his *mantle, and shaved his head, and ^•V^%\i EC ■'^^'l ^^^" "P^" ^^^ ground, and worshipped, ^i and said,-p ,^^j|^>.jt>^ l^b^iTi.G.i. " Naked *came I out of my mother's womb, " ■■ ^- And naked shall I return thither: '- • , The Lord 'gave — and the Lord hath ^tajten away ; "jEP;^5.|o.^ Blessed "be the name of the Lord ! "t v ^ ; ^- ' ',' i j ry4^ och.Tio.' ' 22 jn "all this Job sinned not, nor tcharged God foolishly. ^^ ^ / I Ec. 5. 19. Ja. 1. 17. TO Mat. 20. 15, ch. 2. 10. 1 Or, allri fully to God. Section ni.—Second Trial of Job. .ki/^'ik-^'''''^'j Job ii. 1-10. ■ . ' ^aviv'tlirV ach. 1.6. 6 ch. 1. 7. c ch. 1. 1 he took him a potsherd to scrape himself withal ; 'and he sat down SECT. in. Satan appearing again before God obtaineth further leave to tempt Job. 7 He smitetk him with sore biles. 9 Job reproveth his wife, moving him to curse God. ^ Again "there was a day. when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan came also among them to 7ch27.5, 6. present himself before the Lord. ^ And the Lord said unto Satan, *tumu ^C^^n. " From whence comest thou ? " And 'Satan answered the Lord, and e ciuTn.'' ' ■ said, " From going to and fro in the earth, and from walking up and /ch. 19.20. Jq^j^ -j^ -j » 3 And the Lord said unto Satan, " Hast thou considered tol',tuj!' my servant Job, that there is none like him in the earth, 'a perfect ft Is.' 1. 6. and an upright man, one that feareth God, and escheweth evil ? and TuiyosedtoZthe Still ho -^holdeth fast his integrity, although thou movedst me against Str «/*'"*« hif"' *to destroy him without cause." ^ And Satan answered the Lord, jirabs, termed ^ gj^jj u gj^j^ for sklu, yca, all that a man hath will he give for his elephantiasis by ' ,, i \ ^ • n ii* the ore.eks,from jifg. 5 g^jt «pj^,t forth thy hand uow, and touch his •'bone and his 'sm^rnVtiat'of flesh, and he will curse thee to thy face." ^ And ''the Lord said unto ;t?STot Satan, " Behold ! he is in thy hand ; fbut save his life." "rnwld Zu iZr ^ So wcut Satau forth from the presence of the Lord, and smote with tubercles. Job with sorc 'bilcs from the sole of his foot unto his crown. ^And I his loathsome and must afflictive disease is accum- . pauied with must aiiioug thc ashcs. 'J Then said his wife unto him, "Dost ^thou still retain thine integ- rity ? — curse God, and die ! " ^^ But he said unto her, " Thou speakest Mat*!" ii.'ii: ^^' as one of the foolish women speaketh. What ! *shall we receive ich^/'ai' Ro good at the hand of God, and shall we not receive evil?" In all 1-2.' 12. Ja. 5! this did not Job 'sin with his lips. I Ps. 39. 1. Section IV. — The Friends of Job visit him, and hear his Complainings. Job ii. 11, to the end, and chap. iii. SFOT TV 'fob's three friends condole ivith him in silence. — Chap. iii. 1 He curses the day and services of his V . ^^^^^^^ jg y,^^^ ^^^^ of death. 20 He complaineth of life, because of his anguish. a Prov. 17. 17. ^^ Now whon Job's three ''friends heard of all this evil that was come fiOemSG.n. Jer. upon him, they came every one from his own place; Eliphaz the c Gen." 2.5. 2. ''Temanite, and Bildad the 'Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite: for ,/ci,.42.ii.Rom. tj^gy j-j,^^j j-j^j^jg j^,-, appointment together to come ''to mourn with him, and to comfort him. ^- And when they lifted up their eyes afar off", and knew him not, they lifted up their voice, and wept ; and they rent every one his mantle, and 'sprinkled dust upon their heads toward La.a^io'^iiz; heaven. ^^ So they sat down with him upon the ground -^seven days :j7. JO. Re. 18. ^^^^ seveu uights, and none spake a word unto him ; for they saw that /Gen. .•i\io. his grief was very great. VOL. I. D intolerable iiig — Ed. i 2 Sa. 13. 19. ch e Jos. 7. 6. 1 Sa, 4. l-i. aSa. l.-i & 13. 19. Ne. 9. 38 JOB'S COMPLAININGS. [Period II. c-ch. 10. 18, 19. Jfi. 15. 10. & 20. 14. ftch. 10.21, ^.& 16. 16. & 28. 3. P3. 23. 4. Hi. 44. 19. & 107. 10, 14. Jer. 13. 16. Ainos 5. 8. t Or, clmllenge it. I Or, Let them ter- rify it, as those vhu have abitter day. Amos 8. 10. * Or, Let it not re- juice among Ike days. i Jer. 9. 17, 18. I Or, a UviatlMn. \ Hob. the eyelids of the cli. 41. 18. j ch. 10. 18. * Heb. wearied in strenatli. Jer. 20. 18. pi Sam. 1. 10. 2 Kings 4. 27. f Heb. wait. Rev. 9.6. 7 Prov.2. 4. * Heb. I feared a fear, and it came upon me. ^ After this opened Job his mouth, and cursed his day. - And Job iii. Job *spake, and said : — ^ " Let ^the day perish wherein I was born, And the night in ivhich it was said, ' There is a man child conceived. ^ Let that day be darkness ; . /v^u.^^ <- ys ,^ Let not God regard it from above, : <-\^^ijil ^^ ' Neither let the light shine upon it. , ]rV* - ^ Let darkness and ''the shadow of death tstain it; Let a cloud dwell upon it; tLet the blackness of the day terrify it. ," ^ ^ As for that night, let darkness seize upon it;// *Let it not be joined unto tiie days of the year. Let it not come into the number of the months. ' Lo ! let that night be solitary, ■»'>a?'jv^ ,^>/ ?_-5 -'- - Let no joyful voice come therein. '/ 1 L^ fi 1 ^ Let them curse it that curse the day, ^'v^^'^ *^ • Who 'are ready to raise up ttheir mourning. 9 Let the stars of the twilight thereof be dark ; Let it look for light, but have none ; ' j . //' .. ' Neither let it see tthe dawning of the flay: , 1° Because it shut not up the doors of my mother's, womb, Nor hid sorrow from mine eyes. 3 • y£ I should have slept : then had I been at rest, v » ^' 1' With kings and counsellors of the earth, • tW <^ i/O^Mr"^ Which 'built desolate places for themselves (f g^J\l^ix '-^ ^^ Or with princes that had gold, ■ " .' ~ ,*-'^ Who filled their houses with silver :*''''"*^^*"*^" . ' ^.pM>^. ^6 Or "as a hidden untimely birth I had not been ; ^ , . I • As infants which never saw light. ' ^'' There the wicked cease from troubling ; And there the *weary be at rest. ^^ There the prisoners rest together ; They "hear not the voice of the oppressor. ^3 The small and grea't are there ; And the servant is free from his master. 20 it Wherefore "is light given to him that is in misery, And life unto the 'bitter in soul ; 21 Which tlong for death, but it cometh not ; And dig for it more than ''for hid treasures ; 22 Which rejoice exceedingly, And are glad, when they can find the grave ? 23 M^hy is light given to a man whose way is hid, And 'whom God hath hedged in ? 2^ For my sighing cometh tbefore I eat, And my roarings arc poured out like the waters. ~'^ For "the thing which I greatly feared is come upon me, And that which I was afraid of is come unto me. 2<5 I was not in safety, neither had T rest, Neither was I quiet — yet trouble came." Part II.] FIRST CONTROVERSY— ELIPIIAZ'S ARGUMENT. 39 f Heb. icho can refrain from ■icorils ? 6 He. 12.12. J Hel). tlic bowing knees. c ch. 1. I. Prov. 3.26. Section V. — First Controversy hetiveen Job and his Friends, begun by Eliphaz ; who asserts, that the Sufferings of Job were the Punishment of his Iniquity. Job iv. and v. Elwhaz reproveth Job for want of religion. 1 He teacheth God's JudgmerUs to be not for the ri ^VW/^'^'^A/^ Remember, I pray thee, ''who ever perished, being innocent?, ^a^^vvc Ps. 7. 14. ."rov. K. S. Hos. 8. 7. & 10. 13. Gal. 6. * That is, by his antrer .- as Is. 30. 33. See Ex. 15. 8. 2 Sa. 22. 115. ch. 1. 19. & 15. 30. Is. 11. 4. 9 Th.js5. 2. 8. / Ps. 58. fi. g- Ps. 34. 10. t Heb. hy steallh. h ch. 33. 15. % Hob. met me. i Hal). 3. 16. * Heb. tke vtulti- tudr of my hones. t Or, I hcird still voice. hA^Zi^ viAtAc- Or where were the righteous cut off ? s Even as I have seen, 'they that plough iniquity,. And sow wickedness, reap the same. 9 By the blast of God they perish, ' i^-AjuOl And *by the breath of his nostrils are they consumed. 1° The roaring of the lion, and the voice of the fierce lion, And -^the teeth of the young lions are '^''^^^^^n. fijfr^ " The ^old lion perisheth for lack of prey, /^J-i****-*'^^ ; And the stout lion's whelps are scattered abr6ad. 12 u -j^Q^ a thing was t secretly brought to me, And mine ear received a little thereof. 13 In ''thoughts from the visions of the night, ^ > When deep sleep falleth on men, / 1^ Fear tcame upon me, and 'trembhng/ • y^ ^ ^. Which made all my bones to shake. ,. i / ^^ It stood still — but I could not di^pert> the form thereof; '^^v.«" } i .eyes^:^—Uhere was silence, and T iiewiSV f. < saying, A,Ji.^^\-<;,v.^^ „ _ /^ .^i-^V--^*— 1^ Then a Spirit passed before my face The hair of my flesh stood up ; j An image was before mine (.eyes^^ — \ there was sile 1'' ' Shall ^mortal man be more i^t than God ? j^^tliSnGod?^^" A- ch. 15.15. & 2.5. 5. 2 Pet. 2. 4. X Or, JVor ill his anirels, in whom he put light. Zch. 15. 16. m 2 Cor. 4. 7. & 5. 1. Shall a man be more pure than his Maker ? . ^kji^ 1^ Behold ! He ^put no trust in his servants tAnd his angels He charged with folly; ,. , 19 How 'much less in them that dwell in "'houl^i^^iSTTilay, Whose foundation is in the dust, Which are crushed before the moth ! ^jy^^ij beaten in 20 fhcy arc * destroyed from morning to Evening They perish for ever without any regarding it. n.&49. 21 J)qi\^ "not their excellency which is in them go away? t Or, looU. JOr jmUhon. 35, 36. <7 Ps. 119. 155. They "die, even without wisdom.' .^t^)^'-*;> 1 Call now, if there be any that will answer thee ; And to which of the saints wilt thou tturn ? 2 For wrath killeth the foolish man, j '^ And tenvy slayeth the silly one. -^ ' U^A- ^^^-tA-; 3 I ''have seen the foolish taking root ; ^^ But suddenly I cursed his habitation. ^ His 'children are far from safety, >*. P^;if^^^^', A 40 U - IVBPLY OF JOB TO ELIPHAZ. . [Period II. And they are crushed in the gate. ^ *.' -♦ f^'^ rPs. 109. 12. Nekher 'is there any to dehver them, s ch. 18. 9. ^ Whose harvest the hungry eatctli up, * Or, iniquity. ^^^ taketh it even out of the thorns, t Or, zaior. Gen. And "the robber swalloweth up their substance. ib.'L".'^' ^ ^°' ^ Although *affliction cometh not forth of the dust, tucb.ihesonsof Ncithcr doth trouble spring out of the ground ; ufit^7ofti'""^ ' Yet man is born unto ttrouble, fSeeGe.i.i. pb. As ttlic sparlvs fly upward. Ror^'if: sf '• ' " I would seek unto God, Heh. and there And uuto God would I comuiit my cause : " Which 'doeth great things and * unsearchable, Marvellous things twithout number : search. t Heb. till there be HO number. ch. -28 6o. 9, 10. & ui. ^° Who "giveth rain upon the earth, And sendeth waters upon the tfields : ^^ To "set up on high those that be low ; That those which mourn may be exalted to safety. ^^ He ""disappointeth the devices of the crafty. Jer. 5. 24 10. 13. &:51. 16. Acts 14. 17. X Heb. outplaces. V 1 Sam. 2. 7. Ps. 113.7. '33^io:''i3!\io: So that their hands *cannot perform their enterprise. * Or, cannot per- ^^ Hc ""takcth the wisc iu thcir own craftiness ; xs^Ti 9.%. And the counsel of the froward is carried headlong. i^co. 1. 19. & 3. 14 They f meet with darkness in the daytime, t Or, rim^ into. And gropc iu the noonday as in the night. 59!"'o.~Ara.8.9'. ^^ But ^hc savcth the poor from the sword, y P8.35. 10. From their mouth, and from the hand of the mighty. 'io7^'^.'-'- ''" '' Sonhe poor hath hope, "3^'ii^y^'Hrb' ^"^ iniquity stoppeth her mouth. 12. s! Jam. 1." ^^ " Behold ! "happy is the man whom God correcteth 12. Rev. 3. jy. Therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty. ft Deut. 32 3o^26."ho. 6.^i' ^" ^^^ '^^® maketh sore, and bindeth up ; c Ps. 34. 19. & He woundeth, and his hands make whole. lei'ico^io.t- '' He ^shall deliver thee in six troubles ; d Vs. 91. 10. Yea, in seven ''there shall no evil touch thee. *37.''i9i^' ^^' ^ ^^ In 'famine he shall redeem thee from death ; ^hands ■^™'" ^"^ "^"^ "^ ^^^^ tfrom the power of the sword. * Or, when the ^^ Tliou shalt be hid *from the scourge of the tongue ; Stio."''"''''' Neither shalt thou be afraid of destruction when it cometh. /isai. 11. 9. & ^^ At destruction and famine thou shalt laugh ; E7:ek.34.'25.^' Neither -^shalt thou be afraid of the beasts of the earth. O^S.*^,!; \,^^'k ^^ For ^thou shalt be in league with the stones of the field ; Ps, 9]*12 Iio ^ ■— ' ' 18." ■ ■ ■"■ And the beasts of the field shall be at peace with thee. ^% Lt^/aX' '' "'* A"fl tl'ou shalt know tthat thy tabernacle shall be in peace ; X Ox, err. And tliou shalt visit thy habitation, and shalt not tsin. * Or' mlch' ^^ '^iwu shalt kuow also that ''thy seed shall be *great, i P8?72ri6. And thine offspring 'as the grass of the earth. j Prov. 9. 11. & -^ Thou ^shalt come to thy grave in a full age, t lieb.' asceniiefh. Li'^^ as a shock of corn tcometh in in his season. k Vs. III. 2. 27 Lq ^}jjg I ^yg ha.\e ^searched it, so it is ; Vrov:9:''i2!'"'^- Hear it, and know thou it tfor thy good." Section VI. — Reply of Job to Eliphaz. Joe vi. arid vii. Job shoireth that his complaints are not causeless. 8 He wishethfor death, wherein he is assured of I comfort. 14 He reproveth his friends of unkitidness. — Chap. vii. 1 He excuseth his desire of death. 12 He complaineth of his oivn 7-estlessness, 17 and God's icatchfulness. ^ But Job answered and said : — _L ■ 2 " Oh that my grief were throughly weighed, * Heb.zy^du;;. And my calamity *laid in the balances together! i Part II.] a Prov. 27. 3. t That i9, / want jcffrds to eTi>ress 111 ij grief. Ps. 77. 4. i P3. .38. 2. .: Ps. 88. 15, 16. { Heb. at grass. £V*=> REPLY OF JOB TO ELIPHAZ. Llax.^- * Heb. my expec- tation, d 1 Kings 19. 4. e Act* 20. 20. /Le. 19.2. 13.57. t Heb. brazen. a Or, There is no help for me '.-Ed, X Heb. To him that mdteth. Pr. 17. 17. g Ps. 38. 11. & 41.9. Mat. 26. 49. A Jer. 15. 18. * Heb. they are cutoff. I Heb. in the heat thereof. J Heb. ezting-uishr- ed. i Gen. 25. 15. j 1 Kings 10. ]. Ps. 72. 10. Ez. 27. 22, 23. k Jer. 14. 3. * Or, For 7ioi!< ye are like to them. Heb. to it. ch. 13. 4. t Heb. not. I Ps. 38. 11. ^h^l 3 For now it would be heavier "than the sand of the seaf •''^'* "^ Therefore fmy words arc swallowed up. cA.-t-*« . •1 For 'the arrows of the Almighty are within me, ^hXti^P- The poison whereof drinketh up my spirit : LXAfC^^" The 'terrors of God do set themselves in arrafagainst me.^ 5 Doth the wild ass bray twhen he hath grass '^- ffM^ljX^ . Cx Or loweth the ox over his fodder ? ^^J[3;jL , \j ■}~Hy-<^ '~^~"^'S^^C?6'€^tJ5C*-w 8 " Oh that I might have my request ; [y •-^X-i.oy^^ ^ And that God would grant me *the thing that I long for ! ^ 9 Even ''that it would please God to destroy me ; That he would let loose his hand, and cut me off ! 1° Then should I yet have comfort ; /y.; xCc ^.-v, , ^ Yea, I would harden myself in sorrow : .'.^'.'^^ *^ '^y?*^--- -ihk "^ " Let him not spare ; for 'I have not concealecf the Wgrds^ of 'tHe "" 11 What is my strength, that I should hope ? < ->^V, And what is mine end, that I should prolong my life ?{_ 12 Is my strength the strength of stones ? /li^c^^ '1 — — />..x_« Or is my flesh tof brass ? A. > v~>-. ^.(h» ,.-vt-^c^.»^,A^^ (2^^^ i 13 ais not my help in me? --d.L JiX^«tt*,«_^ rtiCX And is wisdom driven quite from rt^Tn^"""*"*^ ^^^s/\^ 1^ tTo him that is aflflicted pity should be Showed from his friend ; But he forsaketh the fear of the Almighty. . ^J-L^^ 15 My ^brethren have dealt deceitfully as a brook, -v' ^j^ And ''as the stream of brooks they pass away ; - ' ^ -^ 16 Which are blackish by reason of the ice, " »■ And wherein the snow is hid : ^ , 1"^ What time they wax warm, *they vanish : ^ ' - y^^^js^. tWhen it is hot, they are tconsumed out of their place. -/-/ ^ : "J Jl-ii^ ^Vvv*^a,Uj3-»^^w- \ Heb. ye cause to full upon. TO Ps. 57. 6. * Heb. before your face. n ch. 17. 10. t That is, in this matter. 18 The paths of their way are turned aside ; They go to nothing, and perish. 19 The troops of 'Tema looked, The companies of ^Sheba waited for them. 2° They were ^confounded because they had hoped ; They came thither, and were ashamed. 21 *For now ye are tnothing; Ye see my casting down, and 'are afraid. 22 Did I say, ' Bring unto me ? ' Or, ' Give a reward for me of your substance ? ' 23 Or, ' Deliver me from the enemy's hand ? ' Or, ' Redeem me from the hand of the mighty ? 24 " Teach me, and I will hold my tongue : And cause me to understand wherein I have erred. 25 How forcible are right words ! But what doth your arguing reprove ? 26 Do ye imagine to reprove words, And the speeches of one that is desperate, which are as wind ? 2'^ Yea, tye overwhelm the fatherless, And ye '"dig a pit for your friend. 28 Now therefore be content, look upon me ; For it is *evident unto you if I lie. 2^ Return, "I pray you, let it not be iniquity ; Yea, return again, my righteousness is tin it, "^^ Is there iniquity in my tongue ? 42 THE ARGUMENT OF BILDAD. [Period II. \h!'i2."ii. fc^M.' Cannot tmy taste discern perverse things ? 3- Ms there not *an appointed time to man upon earth ? Job viL \°V5Xu: Are not his days also Uke the days of a iiireUng ? 2 As a servant tearnestly desireth the shadow, And as a hireUng looketh for the reward of his work : See ch. 29. 2. 3 Qq ^m I made to possess "months of vanity, And wearisome nights are appointed to me. ^ch'ii.fi ^'' " When n he down, I say, X Heh.'tfu:^ening ' When shall I arise, and tthe night be gone ? ' bemcasar^d. ^^^ j ^^^^ ^^jj ^^ tossings to and fro unto the dawning of the day. q Is. 14. II. 5 ]vjy flgsi^ is 'clothed with worms and clods of dust ; My skin is broken, and become loathsome. ''^'i'lT^'n pt' ^ ^^y '^^y^ ^^^ swifter than a weaver's shuttle, 9o!6.&W. n! And are spent without hope. & 103. 15. & _ ^ 1 ^1 X « ir • • -4 t 144. 4. Is. 38. ' O remember that my hie is wind ! Mine eye * shall no more tsee good. The 'eye of him that hath seen me shall see me no more : Thine eyes are upon me, and tl am not. As the cloud is consumed and vanisheth away : So "he that goeth down to the grave shall come up no more. t ch.20. 9. 10 jjg sijall return no more to his house, ^Ji'^^/er."'" Neither 'shall his place know him any more. u 2Sam. 1-2. 23. 11 Therefore I will not refrain my mouth ; V'ps^"37^'3'6.^& I will speak in the anguish of my spirit ; I will "complain in the bitterness of my soul. ^~ " Am I a sea, or a whale, That Thou settest a watch over me ? 13 When ""I say, ' My bed shall comfort me, My couch shall ease my complaint ; ' 1'* Then Thou scarest me with dreams, And terrifiest me through visions : 15 So that my soul chooseth strangling, And death rather than *my life. 16 I noathe it — I would not live alway : » ch. 10. 20. & Let "me alone — for my days are vanity. &■(!: 9.'' ■ ■ 17 What "is man, that thou shouldest magnify him ? ^ul%V*^- And that thou shouldest set thy heart upon him ? 18 And that thou shouldest visit him every morning, And try him every moment ? 19 How long wilt thou not depart from me, Nor let me alone till I swallow down my spittle ? 2° I have sinned ; What shall I do unto thee, O thou ^Preserver of men ? FllTvtsi^. Why 4iast thou set me as a mark against Thee, » ch. ifi. 12 Ps. So that I am a burden to myself? ■ *■ ■"■ 21 And why dost Thou not pardon my transgression, And take away mine iniquity ? For now shall I sleep in the dust ; ^^ And Thou shalt seek me in the morning, but I shall not be. 4 t Heb. gccpelh af- 12. & 40. 6. Ja. 4. 14. s Ps. 78.39. & 89. 47. * Heb. skaU not return. t To see, that is, to enjoy. 103. 16. 1,-h. 10. 1. 3. Heb. 2. 6. a Or, Observe Section VII. — The Argument taken up hy Bildad. Job viii. JOB Vlil. Bildad slwweth God's juHice in dealing ^oith imn according to f^eir jcorks ^^/fjiffff f'^^^^ to prove tlie certain destruction of the hypocrite. 20 He apphelh God's just dealing to Job. 1 Then answered Bild.\d the Shuhite, and said : — 2 "How lonfT wilt thou speak these things? And hoiv long shall the words of thy mouth be like a strong wmd ? Part II.] THE REPLY OF JOB TO BILDAD. 43 sECTjvii. 3 Doth "God pervert judgment ? a Ge. 18.0.-,. De. Or doth the Almighty pervert justice ? rrch'. iM.Sa, n! ^ If Hhy children have sinned against him, Da. 9. 14.' Ro.3 ^,-j^^ j^g havc cast them away *for their transgression ; 5 If 'thou wouldest seek unto God betimes, And make thy supplication to the Almighty ; 10. 26. & 11. 7. J Heb. a Rider's ho 6. M ch. 27. 18. 6 ch. 1. 5, 18. ♦ Heb. in the ^a,t'rrcsslL ^ If thou wcrt purc and upright c ch. 5. 8. & 11. Surely now he would awake for thee, i3.&22.23,&c ^^j ^^j^g the habitation of thy righteousness prosperous, ' Though thy beginning was small, Yet thy latter end should greatly increase. d Deut. 4. 32. & 8 a YoT ''inquire, I pray thee, of the former age, 39. 7. ch. 15. 18. ^^^ prepare thyself to the search of their fathers, eGe.47. 9. 1 Ch. 9 (For 'we are but of yesterday, and know^ tnothing, fs'. 39. 5^' ''^'^' Because our days upon earth are a shadow ;) f Heb. not. 10 §^^11 uot they teach thee, and tell thee, And utter words out of their heart ? 11 Can the rush grow up without mire ? Can the flag grow without water ? / Vs. 129. 6. Jer. 12 "Whilst -^it is yet in his greenness, and not cut down, It withereth before any other herb. 13 So are the paths of all that forget God ; g ch. 11. 20. & And the ^hypocrite's hope shall perish : pb". iii^'io^''?^: ^^ Whose hope shall be cut off". And whose irnst shall be la spider's web. ^a"^1' "'i^59!^5, 15 He ''shall lean upon his house — but it shall not stand : He shall hold it fast — but it shall not endure. He is green before the sun, And his branch shooteth forth in his garden. 1' His roots are wrapped about the heap. And seeth the place of stones. i See ch. 7. 10. 18 jf ifjc dcstroy him from his place, then it shall deny Him, Saying, I have not seen Thee. 19 Behold ! this is the joy of his way, j Ps. 113.7. And ^ut of the earth shall others grow. *u^!odiTbl Ihe ^^ " Behold ! God will not cast away a perfect man, '""^- Neither will he *help the evil doers : tneK^shouUn, ^^ ^.^^ j^^ ^jj ^j^^ ^^^^^ ^^.^^^ kughiug, *io9: 29^' ^^' ^ And thy lips with trejoicing. t Heb. 'skM not 22 They that hate thee shall be "clothed with shame ; *'• And the dwelling-place of the wicked tshall come to nought." Section VIII. — Reply of Job to Bildad, in which he asserts, that Affliction is no Proof of Wickedness. Job ix. and x. Job, acknotoledg-ing God's justice, showeth there is no contending with him. 22 Man's innocency is not to be condemned bij afflictions. — Chap. x. 1 Taking libertij of complaint, he expostulateth with God about his afflictions. 18 He complaineth of life, and craveth a little ease before death. 1 Then Job answered and said : — sECT^ni. 2 u I i^now it is so of a truth : a Ps. 143. 2. Eo. But how should "man be just *with God ? If he will contend with Him, He cannot answer Him one of a thousand. 6 ch.36.5. 4 jje ''is wise in heart, and mighty in strength : Who hath hardened himself against Him, and hath prospered ? ^ Which removeth the mountains, and they know not : 'joJra^.'ie^^ai; Which overturneth them in his anger. 3 Or, before Ood. Joel d. lb. Hag. o 2. G,2i. He. 12. 6 Which 'shaketh the earth out of her place, And ''the pillars thereof tremble. 2(' d ch. 26. 11 44 THE REPLY OF JOB TO BILDAD. [Period II. "^ Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not ; And sealeth up the stars, e See Gen. 1.1, 6. 8 Which 'alonc sprcadeth out the heavens, t Heb. iieights. And trcadcth upon the t waves of the sea. •^38.'3i,&c.Vm; ^ Which -^maketh tArcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, 5-8. ' And the chambers of the South. andci^ah. ' ^'^ Which "docth great things past finding out; g oh. 5.9. Ps.71. Yea, and wonders without number. k ch.23. 8, 9. & ^^ Lo ! ''he goeth by me, and I see him not : ■^ ^^- 9 je 18 ^^ passeth on also, but I perceive him not. ' G.' R'd.9.20. ■ ^~ Behold ! 'he taketh away, *who can hinder him ? *t^rl\m'^,oay7 Who will Say uuto him, ' What doest thou ? ' ch. 11. 10. 13 Jf God will not withdraw his anger, t Heb. luipers of The tproud hclpcrs do stoop under him. ^^r'ch.26. ^'^ How much less shall I answer him, 12. Is. 30. 7. ^^j choose out my words to reason with him ! 15 Whom, 'though I were righteous, yet would I not answer, But I would make supplication to my Judge. ^^ If I had called, and He had answered me ; Yet would I not believe that He had hearkened unto my voice. ^^ For He breaketh me with a tempest. And multiplieth my wounds ^without cause. ^^ He will not suffer me to take my breath, But fiUeth me with bitterness. ^^ If / speak of strength, lo ! He is strong : And if of judgment, who shall set me a time to plead? 2" If I justify myself, mine own mouth shall condemn me : If I say, ' 1 am perfect,' it shall also prove me perverse. 21 Though I were perfect, yet would I not know my soul : I would despise my life. 22 " This is one thing, therefore I said it, Ez- ' He 'destroyeth the perfect and the wicked.' 23 If the scourge slay suddenly. He will laugh at the trial of the innocent. 2^1 The earth is given into the hand of the wicked : He "covereth the faces of the judges thereof — j ch. 10. 15. k ch. 2. 3. & I Ec. 9. 2, 3. 21. 3. Ilab. 1. 8. p ch. 7. 13, m2Sa. 15.30. If not, where, and who is He ? n See ch. 7. 6, 7. 25 ]\-q^ "jjjy (j^ys are swiftcr than a post: They flee away, they see no good. ^^rc. OTr^hifs ^^ They are passed away as the tswift ships : "■C,^?"''" 1 -^s "the eagle that hasteth to the prey. 2''' If ^I say, ' I will forget my complaint, I will leave off my heaviness, and comfort myself; ' , Ps. 119. 120. 28 I ?a,^^ afraid of all my sorrows, r Exod. 20. 7. J j^j^^^y ^j^^^^ rpj^^^ r^^^jj^ ^^^^ j^^jj ^^^ inuoccnt. 29 If I be wicked, why then labor I in vain ? » jer.2.22. 30 jf «j ^^,^^]^ mysclf vvith snow water. And make my hands never so clean ; • OT,make mc to ^^ Yct slialt Thou plungc iiic iu the ditch, be abhorred. ^j^^j j^jj-jg q^^.,^ clotlics shall *abhor me. 'e. ?o.;^fs^^5^5: 32 For 'He is not a man, as I am, that I sliould answer Him, jerM9. 19. Ro. ^^^^ ^^^ should comc together in judgment. t iieh. one viat 33 Neither is there tanv tdavsman bctwi.vt us, should argue. ,^, .11 1 • 1" 1 1 lU X ot,mnime. That might lay Ins hand upon us both. « ch. \x 20-22, 34 j^e( "Him take liis rod away from me, & 33. 7. Pa. 39. . 11, xi-r ^ -r 10. And let not his tear tcrriiy me : * Heb. Bid /am 35 Then wouM I SDcak, and not fear Him ; not so vntk my- _ ' . , ,, self. *But it IS not so With me. Part IL] ZOPHAR CONTINUES ELIPHAZ'S ARGUMENT. 45 t Or, cut off while Hire. IKi. 19. 4. ch. 7. 16. Jon. 4. 3, 8, 9. V ch. 7. 11. J Ileb. the labor of thy Imiuls7 See Ge. 1. 26. * Heb. It is upon thy knowledge. Ps. 139. 1, 2. ■f Heb. took pains about me. Ps. 119. 73. a Or, Yet dost Thou destroy me ;—Ed. X See Gen. 2. 7. y Ps. 139. 14-16. X Heb. hedged. a Is. 3. 11. b ch. 9. 15,20, 21. c Ps. 25. 18. d Is. 38. 13. La. 3. 10. Ho. 5. 14. & 13. 7, 8. * That is, t]iy plagues. Ruth 1. / See ch. 7. C, 16. &8.9. g- Seech. 7. 16,19. ^ My soul is tweary of my life ; . Job x. I will leave my complaint upon myself ; I "will speak in the bitterness of my soul. 2 I Avill say unto God, ' Do not condemn me ; Show me wherefore thou contendest with me. 3 Is it good unto thee that thou shouldest oppress, That thou shouldest despise tthe work of thy hands, And shine upon the counsel of the wicked ? "* Hast thou eyes of flesh ? Or "seest thou as man seeth ? ^ Are thy days as the days of man ? Are thy years as man's days, ^ That thou inquirest after mine iniquity, And searchest after my sin ? "^ *Thou knowest that I am not wicked ; And there is none that can deliver out of thy hand. ^ " Thy hands thave made me And fashioned me together round about — ''Yet Thou dost destroy me. 9 Remember, I beseech thee, that ^Thou hast made me as the clay ; And wilt thou bring me into dust again ? 1° Hast ^Thou not poured me out as milk, And curdled me like cheese? ^1 Thou hast clothed me with skin and flesh, And hast tfenced me with bones and sinews. 12 Thou hast granted me life and favor, And thy visitation hath preserved my spirit. 13 And these things hast Thou hid in thy heart : I know that this is with thee. 14 " If I sin, then ^Thou markest me. And Thou wilt not acquit me from mine iniquity. 1^ If I be wicked, "woe unto me ! And Hf I be righteous, yet will I not lift up my head. I am full of confusion ; therefore "see thou mine affliction ; 16 For it increaseth — Thou ''huntest me as a fierce lion : And again Thou showest thyself marvellous upon me. 1^ Thou renewest *thy witnesses against me. And increasest thine indignation upon me : Changes and war are against me. 18 u Wherefore 'then hast Thou brought me forth out of the Oh that I had given up the ghost, and no eye had seen me ! [womb ? 19 I should have been as though I had not been ; I should have been carried from the womb to the grave. 20 Are ^not my days few ? cease Hhen, And let me alone, that I may take comfort a little, 21 Before I go whence I shall not return, Eve7i to Hhe land of darkness and the shadow of death ; 22 A land of darkness, as darkness itself; And of the shadow of death, without any order, And where the light is as darkness.' " Section IX.- -ZopTiar takes up the Argument of Eliphaz toith great asperity, and urges the Necessity of Repentance. Zophar reproveth Job for justifying himself. 5 God's icisdom is unsearchable. 13 The assured blessing of repentance. 1 Then answered Zophar the Naamathite, and said : — 2 " Should not the multitude of words be answered ? 46 JOB'S REPLY TO THE WHOLE ARGUMENT. [Period IL SECT^IX. ^,^j gi^Q^j^ *^ ^^^^ f-^^jj ^f ^^j], '^Q justified ? * Heb. a man of ^ Sliould thy tlies make men hold their peace ? t Or, devkes. ^"^ whcn thou mockcst, shall no man make thee ashamed ? ^ a ch. 10. 7. ^ For "thou hast said, ' My doctrine is pure, And I am clean in thine eyes.' ^ But oh that God would speak, And open his lips against thee ! ^ And that he would show thee the secrets of wisdom, That they are double to that which is ! 6 Ezra 9. 13. Kuow therefore Hhat God exacteth of thee Less than thine iniquity deserveth. 3. II. "^ " Canst '^thou by searching find out God ' ^*' ^' Canst thou find out the Almighty unto perfection ? ofhea'vm. "° '" ® It is tas high as heaven — what canst thou do ? Deeper than hell — what canst thou know ? ^ The measure thereof is longer than the earth, ehailge.ch.d.n. And broader than the sea. &^2. 14. Rev. 10 jf jjg *^m ^ff^ ^^^ gj^y^ yp Qj. gj^^jjgj. together, t ueh who can Then twho can hinder Him? turn him away? ,, _^ ,__ i i • d Ps. 10. 14. & ^' ror He knoweth vain men : 35. 22. & 94. 11. jje seeth wickedness also ; Will He not then consider it 7 X Ueh. empty. Ps. ^^ YoY tvain man would be wise, Ec. 3.' 18. ko! Though man be born like a wild ass's colt. e\hX 8. & 22. ^^ " I^ 'thou prepare thy heart, 21. isam. 7. 3. And -^strctch out thy hands toward Him ; /Ps.88. 9.&143. ^^ If iniquity be in thy hand, put it far away, •5- And ^let not wickedness dwell in thy tabernacles. f See Ge. 4.5 6. ^^ ^^^ ''then shalt thou lift up thy face without spot ; mA ?■ h- u h- Yea, thou shalt be steadfast, and shalt not fear : 119.6. lJohn2. ,„ -r, , i i w , • 28. & 3. 21. 16 Because thou shalt 'forget thy misery, I Is. 65. 16. j^^^ remember it as waters that pass away. * Ueh. shall arise 17 ^^^ thiuc age *shall be clearer than the noonday ; above the noon- __ iii- pii iii i • day. PS.37.6.& 1 hou shalt shinc lorth, thou shalt be as the mornmg. 8, lb. .Mic.^7. 9." ^^ And thou shalt be secure, because there is hope ; .;• Lev. 26. 5, 6. Yea, thou shalt dig about thee, Ps 3 5&48 Prov."3.'24. ' ' And -'thou slialt take thy rest in safety. ^fact'vTAtmf ^^ Also thou shalt lie down, and none shall make thee afraid ; k Le. 26. 16. De. Yea, many shall tmake suit unto thee. t vioh'.fli^jit shall ^° I^"t *the eyes of the wicked shall fail, perish from tliem. ^^J Jthcy shall UOt CSCapC, H.Prov.'u. 7.' And 'their hope shall be as *the giving up of the ghost." * Or, a puff of *"""'• Section X. — Reply of Job to the lohole Argument. Job xii., xiii., and xiv. " Job maintaineth himself against Ms friends that reprove him. 7 He acknowledgeth the general doc- trine of God's omnipotencij. — Chap. xiii. 1 He reproveth his friejids of partialilij. 14 He pro- fesseth his confidence in God, 20 and entreateth to know his own sins, and God's pui-pose in afflicting him. — Chap. xiv. 1 He entreateth God for furor, by the shortness of life, and certainty of death. 7 Though life once lost be irrecoverable, yet he waitethfor his change. 16 By sin tlie creattire is subject to corruption. SECT^ X. 1 ^^^ j^^ answered and said : — * Heb. a heart. 2 u jvJq doubt but ye are the people, t Heb. //aH not And wisdoiii shall die with you ! lower than yuu. 3 jj^t X liuvc *understanding as well as you ; t Heb. ?ci«/t irAom ,-, ^ • r • x are not such as Tl am uot intcnor to you : '*rL in jc Yea, twho knoweth not such things as these ? a ch. 16. 10. & ' , 1 ,- , • -11 17. 2, G. &21.3. 4 J am cfs one mocked ot his neighbour, i^'3. 91.15. Who 'culleth upon God, and he answereth him: Part II.] JOB'S REPLY TO THE WHOLE ARGUMENT. The just upright man is laughed to scorn. cProv.H. 2. 5 jje 'that is ready to slip with his feel Is as a lamp despised in the thought of him tiiat is at ease. ''37!"if35.^& 73: ^ " '^'^® 'tabernacles of robbers prosper, ii^ii & 93. 7'. And they that provoke God are secure ; if'^Hab. 1. 4. ■ Into whose hand God bringeth ahundantly. Mui. 3. JD. 7 But jjgi^ j^Q^y tj^g beasts — and they shall teach thee ; And the fowls of the air — and they shall tell thee : ^ Or speak to the earth — and it shall teach thee : And the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee. ^ Who knoweth not in all these That the hand of the Lord hath wrought this ? *5^^^Ac^7^8' ^° ^'^ 'whose hand is the *soul of every living thing, *ox,'ufe.' ' ' And the breath of fall mankind. ^^^: '^ ^""^ "^ ^^ " ^oth ""not the ear try words ? /ch. k 3. And the tmouth taste his meat ? t^Heb. palate, ci>. 12 "^j^jj f jj^g Aucieut is wisdom ; 5-ch.32.7. And in length of days understanding. *ood%h%.Zt ^^ *^ith Him is wisdom and strength, se^s.'' ■ ■ ■ He hath counsel and understanding. A ch. 11. 10. H Behold ! ^He breaketh down— and it cannot be built again ^J.'kTe;3.^7: -^^ shutteth tup a man— and there can be no opening, i 1 Kings 8. 35. & ^^ Bchold ! Hc Hvithholdcth the waters — and they dry up : j Gen.' 7. 11, &c. ^^^^ He^sendeth them out — and they overturn the earth. k Ge. 1. 1. ^6 With *Him is strength and wisdom : The deceived and the deceiver are his. ^^ He leadeth counsellors away spoiled, 'I n^H 03 fs ^"^ 'maketh the judges fools. 19 i2.&^: 14.' 18 He looseth the bond of kings, 1 Cor. 1. 19. A J • 1 1 1 • . - ° And girdeth their loms with a girdle. ^^ He leadeth princes away spoiled, And overthroweth the mighty. ^^ifJ!"! '" He removeth away Ithe speech of the trusty, rfp?"io'' ^' ^^' o ^"1 taketh away the understanding of the aged. "oan. al'sL °' "^ Hc "pourcth contempt upon princes, *^rke'"o7fke '"' , ^"^„ *weakeneth the strength of the mighty. '^""ff- ^^ He "discovereth deep things out of darkness, "io°26^i c^.'i.l: And bringeth out to light the shadow of death. 47 "g^'a^af is.^'' ^^ ^® "increaseth the nations, and destroy eth them : nieiiead'etkln. Hc cnlargcth the nations, and tstraiteneth them ao-ain 24 tT« i_j._^i .11 „ , . . „ - . o p Ps. 107. 4, 40. De. 32. 10. Q^ g ch. 5. 14. He tajveth away the heart of the chief of the people of the earth, And ^causeth them to wander in a wilderness where there is no way. , They 'grope in the dark without light, *p".1b7"l?f"- ^""^ ^^ maketh them to tstagger like a drunken man. Lo ! mine eye hath seen all this, j^^ ... Mine ear hath heard and understood it. "^ ^"'* Yh. 12. 3. & 15. 2 wjjj^t ^ye know, the same do I know also : I am not inferior unto you. .^ch. 23. 3. & 31. 3 .. gu,giy q ^y^^y gpg^,^ j^ ^^^ Almighty, And I desire to reason with God. ^ But ye are forgers of lies. Ye 'are all physicians of no value. ^ O that ye would altogether hold your peace ! And "it should be your wisdom. ^ " Hear now my reasoning. And hearken to the pleadings of my lips. ^ Will "ye speak wickedly for God ? u Prov. 17. 23. 48 JOB'S REPLY TO THE WHOLE x\RGUMENT. [Period H. And talk deceitfully for him ? ^ Will ye accept his person ? Will ye contend for God ? ^ Is it good that He should search you out ? Or as one man mocketh another, do ye so mock him ? ^° He will surely reprove you, If ye do secretly accept persons. ^^ Shall not his excellency make you afraid ? And his dread fall upon you ? ^2 Your remembrances are like unto ashes. Your bodies to bodies of clay. *fr^,^'mF.' '^'^ ^^ " *Hold your peace, let me alone. That I may speak, and let come on me what will. « ch. 18. 4. 14 Wherefore "do I take my flesh in my teeth, Vs ^n™' 109' ^^' ^^^ ^P"^ "^y ^^^^ "^ "^y h^nd ? y Pa. 23. 4. Prov. ^^ Though ^Hc slay me, yet will I trust in Him : }t *^" But I will tmaintain mine own ways before Him. t Heb. prove, or, , n i i .• "^ argue, ch. 27. 5. lo He also shail bc my salvation : For a hypocrite shall not come before Him. 1^ Hear diligently my speech. And my declaration with your ears. 1^ Behold now, I have ordered my cause ! I know that I shall be justified. idi.33.6. Is. 50. 19 Who ^is hc that will plead with me ? For now, if I hold my tongue, I shall give up the ghost. a_ch.9. 34. & 33. oq u Q^^\y '^^^ jjot two thiugs uuto me : Then will I not hide myself from Thee. b Ps. 39. 10. 21 Withdraw Hhy hand far from me : And let not thy dread make me afraid. 22 Then call Thou, and I will answer : Or let me speak, and answer Thou me. 23 How many are mine iniquities and sins ? cDeut 31 17. & Make me to know my transgression and my sin. f^:il-l%]- 24 Wherefore ^hidest Thou thy face, i-i- & 10^29^13. And "^boldest me for thine enemy ? &64.'7.Ez;39. 25 Wilt Thou break a leaf driven to and fro? d De. 32. 42. Ru. 1.21. ch. 16.9. 11. & 33. And wilt Thou pursue the dry stubble ? For Thou writest bitter things against me, lo.'Lam! 2? 5""' Aiid 'makcst me to possess the iniquities of my youth. e^ch. 20. 11. Ps. 27 Thou -^puttcst my feet also in the stocks, /ch. 33. 11. And tlookest narrowly unto all my paths ; *s"e''ch''*iT''iG*' Thou settest a print upon the *heels of my feet. *H^h.roots. 28 And Hc, as a rotten thing, consumeth, *Ec?2.''23.^' '■ ^^ ^ garment that is moth eaten. Man ^that is born of a woman Job xiv. Is tof few days, and full of trouble. He ''cometh forth like a flower — and is cut down: t Heb. slwrt of dat/s. h ci). 8.9. P8.90. 5, 6, 9. &. 102. ]\\'^^V'lat He fleeth also as a shadow — and continueth not. 144. 4. Is. 40. b- s.Jam.i. 10,11. 3 And 'dost Thou open thine eyes upon .such an one, & 4. 14. 1 Pet. A , ,, • • . • 1 X WI T-l -^ 1.24. And ^bnngcst me mto judgment with Ihee i See ch. 7. 17, ; Ps. 143. 2. X Heb. Who vTiii Not one givcl See Ge. 5. 3. &8. 21. John 3. r>. Rom. 5. 12. Ephes. 2. 3. tch.7. 1. Thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass i^Heb 'Ja^f ' ^^" ^ '^"'■" '^•■""^ '"'^' ^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^y *''^^^' „i see'cTT.'!. Till lie shall accomplish, as '"a hireling, his day. t Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean ? Not one. Seeing ^his days are determined, The number of his months are with Thee, Part II.] SECOND CONTROVERSY— ELIPH A Z ACCUSETH JOB OF IMPIETY. 49 f Heb. is weakai- ed, or, cut off. Ps. 102. 26. Is. 34.4. & 51.e.& (35. 17. & 60. 22. Mat. 24.35. Ac. 3. 21. Rom. 8. 20, &c. 2 Pet. 3. 7, 10-12. Re. 20. 11.&21. 1. p ch. 13. 15. q ch. 13. 22. r ch. 10. 6, 14. & 13. 27. & 3). 4. & 34. 21. Ps. 56. 8. & 139. 1-3. Pr. 5. 21. & 15. 3. Je. ]0. 17. & 32. 19. Ho. 7. 2. He. 4. 13. s See De. 32. 34. X Heh. fadeth. Heb. ovcrfio "^ " For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, That it will sprout again, And that the tender branch thereof will not cease. ^ Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, And the stock thereof die in the ground ; 9 Yet through the scent of water it will bud, And bring forth boughs like a plant. 1" But man dieth, and twasteth away ; Yea, "man giveth up the ghost — and where is he ? ^^ "As the waters fail from the sea, And the flood decayeth and drieth up : ^~ So man lieth down, and riseth not : Till "the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, Nor be raised out of their sleep. 13 " O that Thou wouldest hide me in the grave. That Thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, That Thou wouldest appoint me a set time and remember me ! 1"* If a man die, shall he live again ? All the days of my appointed time ^will I wait. Till my change come. 1^ " Thou 'shalt call, and I will answer Thee : Thou wilt have a desire to the work of thy hands. 1^ For ''now Thou numberest my steps : Dost Thou not watch over my sin ? ^"^ My ^transgression is sealed up in a bag. And Thou sewest up mine iniquity. 1^ " And surely the mountain falling tcometh to nought, And the rock is removed out of his place. 1^ The waters wear the stones : Thou *washest away the things Which grow out of the dust of the earth ; And Thou destroyest the hope of man. ^^ Thou prevailest for ever against him — and he passeth : Thou changest his countenance — and sendest him away. ^1 His sons come to honor — and 'he knoweth it not ; And they are brought low — but he perceiveth it not of them. ^^ But his flesh upon him shall have pain. And his soul within him shall mourn." * Heb. knowledge of wind. t Heb. thou, mak- cst void. J Or, speech. * Heb. teachelh. b Ps. 90. 2. Prov 8. 25. c Rom. 11. 34. I Cor. 2. 11. Section XI. — The Second Controversy between Job and his Friends. Job XV. Eliphaz reprovetk Job of impietij in justifijing himself. 17 He proveth by tradition the unquietness of wicked men. 1 Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said : — ^ " Should a wise man utter *vain knowledge. And fill his belly with the east wind ? 3 Should he reason with unprofitable talk? Or with speeches wherewith he can do no good ? "* Yea, tthou castest off" fear, And restrainest t prayer before God. ^ For thy mouth *uttereth thine iniquity, And thou clioosest the tongue of the crafty. ^ Thine "own mouth condemneth thee, and not I : Yea, thine own lips testify against thee. "^ " Art thou the first man that was born ? Or Hvast thou made before the hills ? ^ Hast 'thou heard the secret of God ? I. 7 E 50 ELIPHAZ ACCUSETH JOB OF IMPIETY. [Period IJ. And dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself? dch. 13.2. 9 What "knowest thou, that we know not? What understandest tliou, which is not in us? ech.33. 6,7. 10 ^^\^\y 'us are both the grayheaded and very aged men, Much elder than thy father, ^^ Are the consolations of God small with thee ? Is there any secret thing with thee ? 12 u Why (JQtij ti^y lieart carry thee away ? And what do thy eyes wink at, ^^ That thou turnest thy spirit against God, And lettest such words go out of thy mouth ? /iKi. 8.46.2C1.. 14 What ^is man, that he should be clean? p's. 14. 3. 'pr.'2o! And he which is born of a woman, that he should be righteous? 1: 2^''7jo.^.^8; ^^ Behold ! 'He putteth no trust in his saints ; 10. See Ge. 8. 21. yea, the hcaveus are not clean in his sight. ^ ee ci. . . jg jJq^y ''much moic abominable and filthy is man, Vi''3'*&,53.3^'' Which ^driiiketh iniquity like water? t ch. 34. 7. Prov. ^'' " I wiU show thec — hear me ; ^^- ^' And that which I have seen 1 will declare ; j geech. 8. 8. 18 Which wisc men have told ■'Trom their fathers. And have not hid it : 1^ Unto whom alone the earth was given, A: Joel 3. 17. And ''no stranger passed among them. I Ro. 8. 22, 23. ^° The 'wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, Ps. 90. 12. ^j^^j ^j^g number of years is hidden to the oppressor, t Heb../3 sound 21 \ jt^ drcadful sound is in his ears : m i^Thess. 5. 3. In '"prosperity the destroyer shall come upon him. -^ He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness. And he is waited for of the sword. 1 Ps- 59. 15. & 23 jjg "vvandereth abroad for bread, saying, ' Where is it? ' o ch. 18. 12. He knoweth that "the day of darkness is ready at his hand. 2^ Trouble and anguish shall make him afraid ; They shall prevail against him, as a king ready to the battle. -^ For he stretcheth out his hand against God, And strengtheiieth himself against the Almighty. ^^ He runneth ujjon him, even on his neck. Upon the thick bosses of his bucklers : p SCO Ps. 17. 10. 27 Because ^'he covereth his face with his fatness, And maketh coUops of fat on his flanks. ^^ And he dwelleth in desolate cities, And in houses which no man inhabiteth, Which are ready to become heaps. 29 He shall not be rich, Neither shall his substance continue, Neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth. ^" He shall not depart out of darkness ; The flame sliall dry up his branches, 5 f«e« rh. 4. 9. Aud 'by the breath of his mouth shall he go away. r 18.59. 4. 31 " Let not him tiiat is deceived ''trust in vanity : For vanity shall be his recompence. X Or, cut of See 32 j^ fi\ya\\ bc taccomplislied before his time, And his branch shall not be green. 3^ He shall shake off" his unripe grape as the vine, And shall cast off" his flower as the olive. ^■^ For the congregation of hypocrites shall be desolate, sPs.7.14. is.33. And fire shall consume the tabernacles of bribery. i.'i5.'' ^^ Tliey "conceive mischief, and bring forth ^vanity, * Or, iniquity. And their belly prepareth deceit." Part II.] JOB'S REPLY TO ELIPHAZ. Section XII. — Job declares his Innocence. 51 X Heb. goethfrc b ch . 10. 16, 17. e ch, .13. 24. dPs. ch. .22. 12. 13. See 4. e Lam. 3. 30. JIic.5. I.Mat. 5. 39. & 27. 30. /Ps. 35. 15. * Heb. up. ch. 2.6. shut vie 1. 12. & g See ch. 7. 20. A ch. 30. 19. 7.5. t ch. 27. 9. 66. 18, 19. j Rom. 1. 9. t Heb. the high pljices. X Heb. are my seomers. k Se- ch. 9. 32. &. 31. 35. * Ot, friend. X Heb. years of number. I Ec. 12. 5. X Or, spirit is sptnt. Job xvi. and xvii. Job reproveth his friends ofumnercifulness. 1 He showeth the pitifulness of his case. 17 Hemain- taineth his inrwcency. — Chap. .xvii. 1 He appealeth from laen to God. 6 The unmerciful dealing of men with the afflicted maij astonish, but not discourage the riglUeous. 11 His hope is iwt m life, but in death. ^ Then Job answered and said : — 2 " I have heard many such things : * Miserable comforters are ye all ! 3 Shall fvain words have an end ? Or what emboldeneth thee that thou answerest ? "^ I also could speak as ye do : If your soul were in my soul's stead, I could heap up words against you, And "shake my head at you. 2 But I would strengthen you with my mouth, And the moving of my lips should assuage your grief. 6 " Though I speak — my grief is not assuaged : And though I forbear — what tam I eased ? '' But now He hath made me weary : Thou hast made desolate all my company. ^ And Thou hast filled me with wrinkles, Which is a witness against me : And my leanness rising up in me beareth witness to my face. 9 He Heareth me in his wrath, who hateth me: He gnasheth upon me with his teeth ; Mine 'enemy sharpeneth his eyes upon me. 1" They have "^gaped upon me with their mouth ; They 'have smitten me upon the cheek reproachfully ; They have ^gathered themselves together against me. 11 " God hath *delivered me to the ungodly, And turned me over into the hands of the wicked. 12 I was at ease — but he hath broken me asunder : He hath also taken me by my neck, and shaken me to pieces, And ^set me up for his mark. 13 His archers compass me round about. He cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare ; He poureth out my gall upon the ground. i"! He breaketh me with breach upon breach, He runneth upon me like a giant. 1^ I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin. And '' defiled my horn in the dust. 1^ My face is foul with weeping. And on my eyelids is the shadow of death ; 1^ Not for any injustice in my hands : Also my prayer is pure. IS " O earth ! cover not thou my blood, And 'let my cry have no place ! 1^ Also now behold ! ^my witness is in heaven, And my record is ton high. 2*^ My friends tscorn me : But mine eye poureth out tears unto God. 21 O 'that one might plead for a man with God, As a man pleadeih for his *neighbour, 22 When fa few years are come. Then I shall 'go the way whence I shall not return. 1 My tbreath is corrupt, My days are extinct, Job xvii. 52 BfLDAD REPLIES TO JOB. [Period II- m Ps. 88. 3, 4. The "graves are ready for me. ^ '* Are there not mocker.s with me ? *jHeb.iod^e. And doth not mine eye *continue in their provocation? ^ Lay down now, put me in a surety with thee ; n See Pr. 6. 1. Wlio is he that "will strike hands with me ? ^ For thou hast hid their heart from understanding : Therefore siialt thou not exalt them. ^ He that speaketh flattery to his friends, Even the eyes of his children shall fail. Seech. 30. 9. 6 u jjg j^j^^j-j p^ade me also "a byword of the people ; t Or, btfare them. ^.nd taforctime I was as a tabret. p See Ps. 6.7. 7 Mine ''eye also is dim by reason of sorrow, XOt,my thoughts. And all tmy members are as a shadow. ^ Upright men shall be astonied at this, And the innocent shall stir up himself against the hypocrite. ^ The righteous also shall hold on his way, * Heb. skau add And he that hath clean hands * shall be stronger and stronger. 4,T ^' ■ ^^ But as for you all — do 'ye return, and come now : q ch. 6. 29. por I cannot find one wise man among you. r See ch. 7. 6. 11 u ^y "days are past. My purposes are broken off, ^^l'^''^'""'" Even tthe thoughts of my heart. ^^ They change the night into day : t Heb. near. rpj^^ jj^j^^ -g igj^^^.^ ^ecause of darkncss. ^^ If I wait — the grave is my house : I have made my bed in the darkness. *c^: "^'^' ""' " I have *said to corruption, • Thou art my father ; ' To the worm, ' Thou art my mother, and my sister.' 1^ And where is now my hope ? As for my hope — who sfiall see it ? ^^ They shall go down to the bars of the pit, * ch. 3. 17-19. When our 'rest together is in the dust." Section XIII. — Bildad replies to Job. Job xviii. Bildad reprovcth Job of presumption and impatience. 5 The calamities oftlie wicked. ^ Then answered Bildad the Shuhite, and said : — SECT. xiii. ^ " How long will it he ere ye make an end of words ? — Mark ! and afterwards we will speak. aPs. 73.K. 3 Wherefore are we counted "as beasts. And reputed vile in your sight ? * K^''-i '^A ""^' '^ He teareth *himself in his anger — ch. 13. 14. ^ Shall the earth be forsaken for thee ? And shall the rock be removed out of his place ? ^ Yea, Hhe light of the wicked shall be put out. And the spark of his tire shall not shine. 6 " The light shall be dark in his tabernacle. And his tcandle shall be put out with him. "^ The steps of his strength shall be straitened, And ^his own counsel shall cast him down. Vt'-'g^is!"' ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^'^^ ^^ ^^^^ '"to a net by his own feet, And he walketli upon a snare. ^ The gin shall take him by the heel, And 'the robber shall prevail against him. i T^:-''!ffZ\» ^° The snare is tlaid for him in the ground, /ch. 10.21.& 18. * 1 ^ /■ 1 • • 1 11.&20.2.5. jer. And a trap for Inm in the way. %%^'^'^'^''^ ^' Terrors -^shall make him afraid on every side, *ueh. scalier Mm. And shall *drive iiim to his feet. c See ch. 5. 13. e ch. 5. 5. Part II.] JOB'S COMPLAINT OF HIS FRIENDS' CRUELTY. 53 g ch. 15. 23. t lleb. bars. h See ch. 8. 14. t See Ge. 19. 24, 25. j Is. 5. 24. Ho. 9. 16. Am. 2. 9. Mai. 4. 1. ft Ps. 34. 16. & 37. 28. & 104. 35. & 109. 13. Pr. 2. 22. & 10. 7. * Or, lived with him. f Heb. laid holdon horror, m Jer. 10. 25. Mat. 10. 12. 2Thes. 1. 8 Tit. 1. 16. a Ge. 31. 7. * Ot,hardenijour- selves against me, Or,have laughed me to scorn. — Ed. JP8.35.26.&38. 16. t Or, violence. cch. 3. 23. Ps d Ps. 89. 39, 44. ! See ch. 13. 24. /ch. 30. 12. ffPs.31.11.&38. 11. & 69. 8. & 88. 8, 18. & 142. 4. 12 His strength shall be hungerbitten, And ^destruction shall be ready at his side. 13 It shall devour the tstrength of his skin : Even the Firstborn of Death shall devour his strength. i"! His ''confidence shall be rooted out of his tabernacle, And it shall bring him to the King of Terrors. 15 It shall dwell in his tabernacle, because it is none of his : 'Brimstone shall be scattered upon his habitation. 16 His ^roots shall be dried up beneath. And above shall his branch be cut off. i'' His ^remembrance shall perish from the earth, And he shall have no name in the street. 1^ tHe shall be driven from light into darkness, And chased out of the world. 13 He 'shall neither have son nor nephew among his people, Nor any remaining in his dwelhngs, 20 They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, As they that *went before twere affrighted. 21 Surely such are the '"dwellings of the wicked, And this is the place of him that knoweth not God." Section XIV. — Job complains of the Cruelty of his Friends. Job xix. Job, complaimng of his friends' cruelty, showeth there is misery e?i07igh in him to feed their cruelty. 21, 28 He craveth pity. 25 He believeth the resurrection. 1 Then Job answered and said : — 2 " How long will ye vex my soul. And break me in pieces with words ? 3 These "ten times have ye reproached me : Ye are not ashamed that ye *make yourselves strange to me. "* And be it indeed that I have erred. Mine error remaineth with myself. 5 If indeed ye will ''magnify yourselves against me, And plead against me my reproach : 6 Know now that God hath overthrown me, And hath compassed me with his net. '' Behold, I cry out of t wrong — but I am not heard : I cry aloud — but there is no judgment. s He 'hath fenced up my way that I cannot pass, And he hath set darkness in my paths. 9 He ''hath stripped me of my glory, And taken the crown from my head. 10 He hath destroyed me on every side — and I am gone : And my hope hath he removed like a tree. 11 He hath also kindled his wrath against me, And 'he counteth me unto him as one of his enemies. 12 His troops come together, And -^raise up their way against me. And encamp round about my tabernacle. 13 He 'hath put my brethren far from me. And mine acquaintance are verily estranged from me. I'l My kinsfolk have failed, And my familiar friends have forgotten me. 15 They that dwell in my house. And my maids, count me for a stranger : I am an alien in their sight. ^^ I called my servant — and he gave me no answer ; I entreated him with mv mouth. 54 ZOPHAR REPLIES TO JOB. [Period II. tHeb. my belly. 17 ^jy breath is stiaiige to my wife, *2°KiIgs r4'.''' Though I entreated for the children's sake of imine own body. f Heh. the men of 18 Yea, ^voung children despised me; my secret. See 5 J o i . Ps. 41.9. Mat. I arose — and they spake agamst me. hch.si 30. Ps. ^^ -^1' ^'^y in\vard friends abhorred me : 10-2. 5. ■ La! 4. 8. And they whom I loved are turned against me, Jch^'Tii. Ps. ^^ ^'^y ''t>o"6 cleaveth to my skin land to my flesh, y«-2.' ■ And I am escaped with the skin of my teeth. ine\u%vl~iia ^^ Have pity upon me, have pity upon me, O ye my friends'. «r,«c,>c. For 'the hand of God hath touched me. ".^r'e°'de"S "" Why do yo ^persecute me as God, ill a book with an And are not satisfied with my flesh? iron style and •' lead ! were grav- 23 a *Q}^ ^j^j^^ j^^y words wore now Written ! ^k for -Kd. =*0h that they were printed in a book ! sure that my Re- .lecnier liveth. And lead iu the rock for ever ! ri"e mu of'^the 25 bpQj- J ^now that my "^Redeemer liveth, tor day" bI'^'" "^Aud that He shall stand at the latter day upon the e '"a?'" Alen-eT- ^^ t^ud though after my skin worms destroy this body, ^''*- " Yet ''in my flesh shall I see God : d Or, And he shall n-r -itti t i ii r iC st.mitiieiast on ^^ Whom I shall SCO for my sell, AndTthel^'i And mine eyes shall behold, and not tanother ; day I shall rise *Thouo-h mv Tcius bc cousumod twithin me. out 01 the earth. » J txti i • Do. 28 u gyt yg should say, ' Why ''persecute we him, ^,Z\kf"'tio^l t Seeing the root of the matter is found in me? ' tML- ho,iy be de- 29 jjg yg afraid of the sword : %-"mift^hsViii For wrath bringeth the punishments of the sword, tTs.n.''l5.ico. That 'ye may know there is a judgment." 13.12.1 Jo. 3. 2! XHeb. a stranger. SECTION XV. Zophur repUcS tO Joh. * Or, My reins ■• Kithinmearecon- ■'^^ ^^• snmed with earn- ZopJiar sJioweth the stale and portion of the wicked. desire [for ti'-it day]- 1 Then answered Zophar the Naamathite, and said: — t Hei,. in my bo- ^ ^^ Therefore do my thoughts cause me to answer, X(:u,Andwhat And for this *I make haste. fmLdinmX " 3 I havc heard the check of my reproach, I Ps. 58. 10, 11. ^i^jj ji^e spirit of my understanding causeth me to answer. ^ '' Knowest thou not this of old, Since man was placed upon earth, &JECT. XV. ^ That "the triumphing of the wicked is fshort, — And the joy of the hypocrite but for a moment ? * iieb. 7111/ to(e is 6 Though Miis cxcellcncy mount up to the heavens, a'ii's".'37.35,36. And liis head reach unto the tclouds ; t ueb. /romnepr. 7 Yet lic sliall pcrlsh for cvcr 'like his own dung: *obadkh 3?'4.^'*" They which have seen him shall say, ' Where is he ? ' t "eb. <=^''«''- 8 ijg siij^ii fly away ''as a dream, and shall not be found : Yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night. The 'eye also which saw^ him shall see him no more ; Neither shall his place any more behold him. *or. The poor 1° *His children shall seek to please the poor, ai/Lr"'* '"' And his hands shall restore their goods. /Pee Ps'. 2.5. 7. n His boncs are full of ^the sin of his youth, ^ch.2i.2G. Which "shall lie down with him in the dust. 12 Though wickedness be sweet in his mouth, Though he hide it under his tongue ; 13 Though he spare it, and forsake it not ; ^ oft'JpJ/au"''^^ But keep it still nvithin his mouth: . 83. 10- d See Ps. 73. 20, e See ch. 7. 8, 10. i Ec. 5. 13, U J Heb. know. i Nu. 11. 33. 78. 30, 31. Part II.] REPLY OF JOB TO ZOPHAR. 55 1^ Yet his meat in his bowels is turned, It is the gall of asps within him. 1^ He hath swallowed down riches, And he shall vomit them up again : God shall cast them out of his belly. ^^ " He shall suck the poison of asps : The viper's tongue shall slay him. ''or ^^'streamin ^^ ^® '^'^^'^ "^^ ^^® ^^^ rivCrS, tthc floods, brooks f^ " The brooks of honey and butter. 18 That which he labored for shall he restore, And shall not swallow it down : * neh. According *Accordinff to his substance shall the restitution be, to the substance , n • • i cf his ezciuinge. And hc shall not rejoice therein. ^Hoh. crushed. ^^ Bccausc hc hath foppressed and hath forsaken the poor ; Because he hath violently taken away a house which he builded not ; Surely 'he shall not tfeel quietness in his belly. He shall not save of that which he desired. *bTnoIe%-tM ^^ *There shall none of his meat be left ; his meat Therefore shall no man look for his goods. 22 In the fulness of his sufficiency he shall be in straits : iOr,troubieso7ne. Evcry hand of the fwicked shall come upon him. 23 u When he is about to fill his belly, God shall cast the fury of his wrath upon him. And shall rain it upon him ^while he is eating. 24 He shall flee from the iron weapon. And the bow of steel shall strike him through. 25 It is drawn, and cometh out of the body ; Yea, the glittering sword cometh out of his gall ; fc See ch. 18. 11. Tcrroi's *are upon him. 26 All darkness shall be hid in his secret places : 'i3'"4o'&42'"" ^ 'fi''^ not blown shall consume him; It shall go ill with him that is left in his tabernacle. 2"^ The heaven shall reveal his iniquity ; And the earth shall rise up against him. 28 The increase of his house shall depart. And his goods shall flow away in the day of his wrath. 29 This '"is the portion of a wicked man from God, I Heb. of his de- And the heritage lappointed unto him by God." creefrom Ood. Section XYl.— Reply of Job to Zophar. Job xxi. Job showeth that even in the judgment of man he hath reason to he griemd. 7 Sometirt^s the wicked do so prosper, as they despise God. 16 Sovietimes ilieir destruction is ma.mfest. 22 The Imppy ami unhappy are alike in death. 27 Tlie judgment of the wicked is m another world. 1 But Job answered and said : — 2 " Hear diligently my speech, SECT. XVI. And let this be your consolations. — ^ Suffer me that I may speak ; a. Seech. 16. 10. And after that I have spoken, "mock on. '^ As for me, is my complaint to man ? *Heb. sh.,He,ied. And if it wcTc SO, whv should not my spirit be *troubled ? ^n.h. Look unto 5 tMark me, and be astonished, ftja. 18. 19. ch. And 'lay your hand upon your mouth. In 30. 33. Ps! 39'. ^ "Even when I remember I am afraid, 9.Mic.7.ifi. ^^^1 trembling taketh hold on my flesh. ■^ Wherefore Mo the wicked live. Become old, yea, are mighty in power? 8 Their seed isestablislied^in their sight with them, mch.27. 13.&3]. ■2, 3. Mat. 13. 40-42. cSee ch. 10. G. Ps. 17. 10, 14. * Or, mirth. 36. 11. ch. /ch. 2>. 17. '£%'■'■ ch. h ch. 35. 3. 3. 14. Mai. i ch. 22. 18 ].l. Pr. Ps. 1. 10. t Or, lamp, see ch. IS. 6. 56 REPLY OF JOB TO ZOPHAR. [Period II. And their offspring before their eyes. ^fltfZ """' ^ Their houses tare safe from fear, d Vs. 73. 5. Neither "^is the rod of God upon them. ^^ Their bull gendereth, and failcth not ; eExod. 23.26. Their cow calveth, and 'casteth not her calf. ^^ They send forth their little ones like a flock, And their children dance. ^2 They take the timbrel and harp. And rejoice at the sound of the organ. ^^ They spend their days in * wealth, And in a moment go down to the grave. ^^ Therefore -^they say unto God, ' Depart from us ! For we desire not the knowledge of thy ways. ^^ What ^is the Almighty, that we should serve him ? And ''what profit should we have, if we pray unto him ? ' ^^ " Lo ! their good is not in their hand : The 'counsel of the wicked is far from me. ^' How oft is the tcandle of the wicked put out ! And how oft cometh their destruction upon them ! God distributeth sorrows in his anger. ''tk^ha.' ^.fs. ^^ They *are as stubble before the wind, 17.^13. & 29. 5; And as chaff that the storm Icarrieth away. jHeb 6te<^eth ^^ Crod laycth up *his iniquity for his children : ""'"'J- He rewardeth him, and he shall know it. ishmeiu' of^% ^^ His eyes shall see his destruction, ^guUy. See Ex. J^^^ ^^^ gj^^jj ^^j,^j^ ^f ^j^^ ^^.^^^j^ ^f ^j^^ Almighty. / Ps. 73. 10. & ^^ For what pleasure hath he in his house after him, 51' 17 Jer 25" When the number of his months is cut off in the midst ? '^■i^^t^:'^-'''- ^^ Shall "any teach God knowledge? mis. 40. 13. Ro. Sccing hc judgeth those that are high. ifi.^^' ^^°' ^' ^^ ^"6 dieth tin his full strength, t ueb. in Ms very Being whoUy at ease and quiet. ^lif'tZl^'lf ^' His tbreasts are full of milk, hu perfection. ^.ud liis boucs arc moistened with marrow. t Or, miucpaiu. 25 And auothcr dieth in the bitterness of his soul, And never eateth with pleasure. n^clK20.11. Ec. 26 ^j^g^ gj^j^jj .-jj^ ^^^^^^ ^j||.g -^^ ^j^^ j^g^^ And the worms shall cover them. ~" " Behold ! I know your thoughts, And the devices which ye wrongfully imagine against me. ch. 20. 7. 28 Pqj yg gg^y^ i \yhere "is the house of the prince ? ' * Heh. the tent of And ' Whcrc are *the dwellino;-places of the wicked?' Vie tahemaclca of „o tt 1 i 1 111 ^ tiie Kicked. ''■' Have ye not asked them that go by the way ? And do ye not know their tokens, ^'"'■•'pet«°9^' ^° "^^^^^ ^^^^^ wicked is reserved to the day of destruction? e They shall be brought forth to tthe day of w^ath. ^^ W^ho shall declare his way 'to his face ? ^ "^ ■ " ■ And who shall repay him what he hath done ? i iicb. ^avcs. 32 Ygt ghj^ii jjg i^g brought to thc tgrave, *Sa/'"''^ '" -^n^ s'lal' *remain in the tomb. 2^ The clods of the valley shall be sweet unto him, rHeb. 9.27. And ""cvcry man shall draw after him, As there are innumerable before him. ^ How then comfort ye me in vain, tiieb. transits- Seciug iu your answers there remaineth I falsehood ? " Part II.] THIRD CONTROVERSY— ELIPIIAZ ACCUSETH JOB. 57 Section XVII. — The Third Controversy between Job and his Friends — be- gwi by Eliphaz. Job xxii. Eliphaz shmveth that man's goodness prqfiteth not God. 5 He accuseth Job of divers sins. 21 He cr.^1. -u-TTTT exJiortcth him to repentance, with promises of mercy. SJiiL 1 , XVII. . 1 1 • 1 1 Then Eliphaz the lemanite answered and said : — ach. 35. 7. Ps. 2 u Q^^^ ^ "man be profitable unto God, iio. fi.ai ' ' *As he that is wise may be profitable unto himself? * ^-'aii'" Tth'^ 3 jg it any pleasure to the Almighty, that thou art righteous? ■profitable, doth depend thereon i success Or is it gain to him, that thou makest thy ways perfect Tiakcd. c See ch. 31. 17. De. 15. 7, &c. Is. 58. 7. Ez. 18. 7, 16. Matt. 25. 35-42. 1 Jo. 3. 17. ^ Will he reprove thee for fear of thee ? Will he enter with thee into judgment ? ^ Is not thy wickedness great ? And thine iniquities infinite ? 6 See Ex. 22. 26, 6 YoY thou hast 'taken a pledge from thy brother for nought, ^ lieb. stripped And tstrippcd the naked of their clothing. the clothes of the 7 xhou hast uot givcu Water to the weary to drink. And thou "hast withholden bread from the hungry. But as for tthe mighty man, he had the earth ; And the * honorable man dwelt in it. Thou hast sent widows away empty, t^-t'^emanof ^^^ ^y^^ ^^.j^g ^f djj^g fathcrlcss havo been broken. * Heb. eminent, ^^ Therefore ^snares are round about thee, TowueHance. ^"^ And suddcH fcar troubleth thee ; ^^^•^K^\^^V ^^ Or darkness, that thou canst not see; 10. 2. Ez. 33. 7, ■^ erh. 18. 8,9,10. And abundance of Avaters cover thee. ^ ^9- •5- ' ' 12 " Is not God in the height of heaven ? ^nk^l'.\l'.z^^. And, behold tthe height of the stars, how high they are! ^Heh. the head of 13 ^j-,(j t}^Q,j saycst, ' tHovv doth God know? X of, "mat. Vs. Can he judge through the dark cloud ? l'!,'ih\o^i1'f ^^ Thick "^ clouds are a covering to him, that he seeth not; 64. 5. & 73. 11. & . /. 1 5 B.41- }^-z^-J^- And he walketh in the circuit of heaven. ^^ Hast thou marked the old way Ez. 8. 12. & t g-SeePs. 139. 11, 12. ^^tiir-ti \\r\nhe>A mf>n Vimr^s trnrlrlfin r* Which wicked men have trodden Ach.^15. 32. Ps. 16 "W^hich ''were cut down out of time, Pr. 10. 27. Ecr7". *Whose fouudation was overflown with a flood : 17, *'Heh..^floodwas poured upon tl foundation. G ^ ^'^ Which 'said unto God, ' Depart from us : poured upon their Aud ''what cau thc Almighty do tfor them?' 7''.Ti. aTe. 2.^5! ^® Yet he filled their houses with good things : ■Psf 6^^' ^"^ ^^'^^ counsel of the wicked is far from me. t Or, (0 them. ^^ The 'rightcous see it, and are glad : And the innocent laugh them to scorn. -^ Whereas our tsubstance is not cut down. But *the remnant of them the fire consumeth. lency. 21 Acquaint now thyself twith Him, and ""be at peace k See ch. 21. 16. ZSeePs.58.10. J Or, estate. * Or, their excel t That is, tcWi Ood. ch. 11. 13. TO Is. 27. 5. nPs. 119. 11. oScech.8. 5,C. Thereby good shall come unto thee. -^ Receive, I pray thee, the law from his mouth, And "lay up his words in thy heart. ^3 If "thou return to the Almighty, thou shalt be built up, Thou shalt put away iniquity far from thy tabernacles. p2Ch.l.l5. 24 TJ^gj-, gj^j^lt J'jhQ^, ]^y „p gQ|(J las dust, And the gold of Ophir as the stones of the brooks. 2^ Yea, the Almighty shall be thy *defence, strength. " Aud thou shalt havc f plenty of silver. ^tif' ^°' ^'' ^^ For then shalt thou have thy 'delight in the Almighty, rch. 11. 15. And '"shalt lift up thy face unto God. 'itu.'JX ^''' ^^ Thou 'shalt make thy prayer unto Him — and He shall hear thee, VOL. I. 8 J Or, on thc dust. * Or, gold. fHeb. silver of 58 REPLY OF JOB TO ELIPHAZ. [Pertod II. And thou shalt pay thy vows. ^® Thou shalt also decree a thing, And it shall be established unto thee : And the light shall shine upon thy ways. 2^ When men are cast down, fSesPr.29.23. Then thou shalt say, • There is lifting up! ' ^i^LwV^^ And 'He shall save Uhe humble person. • Or, Tiie inno- ^^ *He shall delivcr the island of the innocent; TcM-'^Gen. And it is delivered by the pureness of thy hands." 18. 26, &c. Section XYUI.— Reply of Job to Eliphaz. Job xxiii. and xxiv. Job longeth to appear before God, 6 in confidence of his mercy. 8 God, who is invisible, observeth our waijs. 1 1 Job's innocencij. 13 God's decree is immutable. — Chap. xxiv. 1 Wickedness gocth SECT. XVIII. often unpunished. 17 Tliere is a secret judgment for the wicked. ^ Then Job answered and said : — 2 •' Even to-day is my complaint bitter : * Heh. M>j imnd. *My strokc is heavier than my groaning, ocu. 13. 3. & 16. 3 Oh "that I knew where I might find Him ! ^* That I might come even to his seat ! ^ I would order my cause before Him, And fill my mouth with arguments. ^ I would know the words ichich He would answer me, And understand what He would say unto me. b See Is. 27. 4, 8. 6 ^\T[\\ ijjg plead agaiust me with his great power ? No ! but He would put strength in me. ^ There the righteous might dispute with Him ; So should I be delivered for ever from my Judge, cell. 9. 11. 8 Behold! "I go forward — but He is not there ; And backward — but I cannot perceive Him : ^ On the left hand, where He doth work — but I cannot behold Him : He hideth himself on the right hand, that I cannot see Him : iUeh.theicay 1" g^^ jjg knowcth Hhc way that I take: pfi39.Tl""' When "He hath tried me, I shall come forth as gold. My 'foot hath held his steps. His way have I kept, and not declined ; 1 Heb. I imvehid, Neither have I gone back from the commandment of his lips ; or, la'idnp. John jj j^avc estcemcd the words of his mouth more than *my necessary *OT,my appointed ^^ But Hc is iu One mind — and Avho can turn Him? [food. porlioii. ^j^j ^yj^j^^ ?l^jg g^^i desireth, even that He doeth. /Seech. 9. 12, 13. d Sec Ps. 17. 3, Ja. 1. 1-2. e Vs. 44. 18. A 1 Thess. 3. 3. ^'^ For He performeth the thing that is ''appointed for me ; ^see Ps. 115. 3. \j^(j many such thing.'i are with Him. '' Therefore am I troubled at his presence : When I consider, I am afraid of Him. ^ For God ^makelh my heart soft. And the Almighty troubleth me ; " Because I was not cut oft" before the darkness, Neither hath He covered the darkness from my face. ^ Why, seeing nimes are not hidden from the Almighty, Job x.^iv. Do they that know him not see his days ? _ ^ Some remove the 'landmarks ; 27.'"i7.""^rV22. They violently take away flocks, and tfeed thereof. Ho. 5.10.' ■ 3 They drive away the ass of the fatherless, 10T,fcedtiicm. They 'take the widow's o.\ for a pledge. I See Ex. 22.26. ** They tum the needy out of the way: De. 24, 6, 10,12, The ""poor of the earth hide themselves together. tnPr.28.98. ^ Bchold ! as wilcl as.ses in the desert, go they forth to their work ; Rising betimes for a prey : jAcU 1.7 tDe, p Ps. 10. 8. q Pr. 7. 9. r Ps. 10. 11 I Heb. setteth his face p^,j,T II.] FURTHER ARGUMENT OF BILDAD. 59 The wilderness yieldeth food for them and for their children. X Heb. mingled 6 Thev reap every one his tcorn in the field ; *rb.V::S And nhey gather the vintage of the wicked gatjier the vin- 7 Thcv "causc the naked to lodge without clothing, nTe'E.x. 22.26, That they have no covering in the cold. 27- 8 They are wet with the showers of the mountains, And embrace the rock for want of a shelter. 9 They pluck the fatherless from the breast, o See Ex. 22. 25. A lid take "a pledge of the poor. 1° They cause him to go naked without clothing, And they take away the sheaf from the hungry ; 11 Which make oil within their walls, And tread their winepresses, and suffer thirst. 12 Men groan from out of the city, And the soul of the wounded crieth out ; Yet God layeth not folly to them ! 13 " They are of those that rebel against the light ; They know not the ways thereof, Nor abide in the paths thereof. 14 The ^murderer, rising with the light, killeth the poor and needy, And in the night is as a thief. 15 The 'eye also of the adulterer waiteth for the twilight, "saying, ' No eye shall see me ; ' and tdisguiseth his face. '.cTrct."" 16 j,^ the dark they dig through houses. Which they had marked for themselves in the daytime : John 3. 20. They 'know not the light. I'' For the morning is to them even as the shadow of death : If one know them, they are in the terrors of the shadow of death. 18 He is swift as the waters ; Their portion is cursed in the earth : He beholdeth not the way of the vineyards. „ , . , , 19 " Drought and heat tconsume the snow waters : ' Heb. violently o ,.11 • j take. So doth the grave those which have sinned. 20 The womb shall forget him ; The worm shall feed sweetly on him ; 1^18^17 ^" He 'shall be no more remembered : And wickedness shall be broken as a tree. 21 He evil entreateth the barren that beareth not : And doeth not good to the widow. 2- He draweth also the mighty with his power : X Or, he trusteth Hc riscth up — taud no man is sure of life. not hi^o'.'"2ia"4. ^ All the while my breath is in me, 27. X That is, t/M! And tthe Spirit of God is in my nostrils ; breath which Qod 4 ]y[y ijpg gij^H not spcak wickcdncss, gave him. Gen.^i. -.t . A i •* 7. Nor my tongue utter deceit. ^ God forbid that I should justify you : ich. 2. 9. & 13. rpjji J ^11^ ij ^^.jij j^^j remove mine integrity from me. jch.2.3. c ]yiy riglitcousness^I hold fast, and will not let it go: fc Acts 24. 16. My '■heart shall not reproach me *so long as I live. *iS' ■^™'" '"^ ' Let mine enemy be as the wicked. And he ilsat riseth up against me as the unrighteous. p^^T II.j JOB AGAIN ASSERTS HIS INTEGRITY. 61 I Mat. 16. 26. Lu. 8 a Yot 'wliat is the hope of the hypocrite, though he hath gained. ^~' ^°' When God taketh away his soul ? ^ ch. 35. 13. Ps. 9 ^iil ""God hear his cry when trouble cometh upon him ? ._. 41. Pr. 1 Is. 1. 15. & 59. 2. Will "he delight himself in the Almighty Je. 11. 11. & 14. ^.jj j^^ ^j^^^^,g ^^11 ypQj^ Qod > 12. Ez. 8. 18. Mi- 3j-^|-^ l^-g^. 11 u J ^iu tgach you tby the hand of God : Ja:4.°3." ■ ■ That which is with the Almighty will I not conceal. n^see ch. 22. 26, ^^ ggj^^ij ] j^jj yg yoursclves havc scen it ; t or,^6«ng- in tAe -yy^j^y t^gn ^rc ye thus altogether vain? ATfctVag. 13 This "is the portion of a wicked man with God, And the heritage of oppressors, which they shall receive of the pDe.28.4i.Est. 14 If i'his children be multiplied, it is for the sword : [Almighty. 9. 10. Ho. 9. 13. ^^^ ^.^ offspring shall not be satisfied with bread. 15 Those that remain of him shall be buried in death : 9^P3.^8. 64. Ez. And 'his widows shall not weep. 16 Though he heap up silver as the dust, And prepare raiment as the clay ; rPr. 13.22. & 28. 17 jjg j^^y prepare it — ^but '^the just shall put it on, 8. EC. 2. 26. ^^^ ^^^ innocent shall divide the silver. 18 He buildeth his house as a moth, sis. 1.8. La. And 'as a booth that the keeper maketh. ^' '■ 19 The rich man shall lie down— but he shall not be gathered : He openeth his eyes — and he is not. tch.18.11. 20 Terrors 'take hold on him as waters, A tempest stealeth him away in the night. 21 The east wind carrieth him away — and he departeth : And as a storm hurleth him out of his place. 22 For God shall cast upon him, and not spare : jHeb. in fleeing jHc would fain flcc out of his hand. ke^o^dfiee. ^g ^^^^ ^^^jj ^j^^ ^j^^j^. j^^^^^g ^^ J^;,^^ And shall hiss him out of his place. * Or, a mine. 1 Surcly thcrc is *a vein for the silver. Job xxviu And a place for gold where they fine it. t Or, God understandeth the way thereof, And he knoweth the place thereof. 24 For "he looketh to the ends of the earth, And seeth under the whole heaven ; 25 To ""make the weight for the winds ; And he weigheth the waters by measure. 26 When he ^made a decree for the rain, And a way for the lightning of the thunder : 2'' Then did he see it, and *declare it ; He prepared it, yea, and searched it out. 28 And unto man he said, ' Behold ! the ''fear of the Lord, that is wisdom ; And to depart from evil is understanding.' " 1 Moreover Job tcontinued his parable, and said : — Job xxi.x. 2 " Oh that I were "as in months past. As in the days when God preserved me ; 3 When his tcandle shined upon my head. And when by his light I walked through darkness ; 4 As I was in the days of my youth, When Hhe secret of God was upon my tabernacle ; 5 When the Almighty was yet with me, When my children were about me ; 6 When 'I washed my steps with butter. And ''the rock poured *mc out rivers of oil ! '' When I went out to the gate through the city, When I prepared my seat in the street, s The young men saw me, and hid themselves : And the aged arose, and stood up. ^ The princes refrained talking, And 'laid their hand on their mouth. 1" tThe nobles held their peace. And their -^tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth. 11 When the ear heard me, then it blessed me ; And when the eye saw me, it gave witness to me : 12 Because °\ delivered the poor that cried. And the fatherless, and him that had none to help him. Part II.] JOB CONTRASTS HIS PROSPERITY AND ADVERSITY. 63 13 The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me : And I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy. *i3%!ii2.V& ^"^ I ''put on righteousness, and it clothed me: 13-2. 9.' is."59.n. Mv iudsrment was as a robe and a diadem. & 61. 10. Dan. 4. JJ O i r i 27. Ro. 10. 3, 5. -15 I yyg^g 'eycs to the blind, frhe's.'s.'s'!''" And feet was I to the lame, i Nu. 10. 31. 16 J ^as a father to the poor : jPr.29.7. And ^the cause which I knew not I searched out. \f£'orXtri^>- ^^ And I brake tthe jaws of the wicked, pTL m ^' ^' "^"^^^ *plucked the spoil out of his teeth. *ueh.'ca^t. 18 Then I said, ' I 'shall die in my nest, kFs.30.6. And I shall multiply my days as the sand.' ^Heh.opmed.ch. 19 ]yjy j-qqi was tsprcad out by the waters. And the dew lay all night upon my branch. iiieh.new. 20 ^y glory was tfresh in me, * neh. dunged. ^.ud mv bow was ^renewed in my hand. Gen. 49. 24. „, ^^ •' 1-^.1 21 Unto me men gave ear, and waited, And kept silence at my counsel. 22 After my words they spake not again ; And my speech dropped upon them. 23 And they waited for me as for the rain ; I ze. 10. 1. And they opened their mouth wide as for Hhe latter rain. 2^ If I laughed on them, they believed it not ; And the light of my countenance they cast not down. 25 I chose out their way, and sat chief, And dwelt as a king in the army. As one that comforteth the mourners. . . ^°^ ^^^' t Heb. of fewer 1 gut ^ow — they that are tyounger than I have me in derision, rf«;,..^Am/. bee ^j^^^^ fathcrs I would have disdained to have set with the dogs of 2 Yea, whereto might the strength of their hands profit me, [my flock. In whom old age was perished ? ^mlia"''' ""^ '''" ^ ^oi' ^^^"^ ^"d famine they were t solitary ; *'Heb.' ye^ter- Flceiug into the wilderness *in former time desolate and waste. «i=-«. 4 ^yi^o cut up mallows by the bushes, And juniper roots for their meat. ^ They were driven forth from among men, (They cried after them as after a thief); 6 To dwell in the cliffs of the valleys, In leaves of the earth, and in the rocks. "^ Among the bushes they brayed ; Under the nettles they were gathered together. ^ They were children of fools. Yea, children of tbase men : They were viler than the earth. 9 And "'now am I their song. Yea, I am their byword. ^^ They abhor me, they flee far from me, *And spare not to spit in my face. 11 Because He "hath loosed my cord, and afflicted me, They have also let loose the bridle before me. 12 Upon my right hand rise the youth ; They push away my feet, And "they raise up against me the ways of their destruction. 13 They mar my path, Tliey set forward my calamity. They have no helper ! !■* They came upon me as a wide breaking in of waters : t Heb. Itoles. X Heb. men of no Tiame. mch. 17. 6. Ps. 35. 15. & 69. 12. Je. 20. 7. La. 3. 14, 63. * Heb. .3>id witlv- hoU not spittle, fro^n my face. Nu. 12. 14. De. 25. 9. Is. 50. 6. Slat. 26. 67. & 27. 30. n See ch. 12. 18. ch. 19. 12. 64 JOB CONTRASTS HIS PROSPERITY AND ADVERSITY. [Period II. t Heb. my princi- cipal one. p P9. 42. 4. i Heb. turned to br crurl. * Hch.t/te strength (if tluj hand. t Or, wisdom. X Heb. Iicap. q Ps. a5. 13, 14. Rom. 12. 15,&.c. * Heb. for him Vial was hard of daj. r Jer. 8. 15. &. 14. 19. s Vs. a3. 6. & 42. t Ps. 102. 6. Mi, 1.8. t Or, ostriches. V SeePs. 103. 3. w JIatt. 5. 28. X See ch. 20. 29. V 2 Ch. 16. 9. See J Heb. Lrt mm weiifh me in hal- ances of justice. t See Nu. 15. 39. Ec. 11.9. Ez.6. 9. Mat. 5. 29. o Sec Lev. 25. 16. J 2 Sam. ID. 11. In the desolation they rolled themselves upon me. ^^ Terrors are turned upon me : They pursue tmy soul as the wind : And my welfare passeth away as a cloud. ^'' " And ^now my soul is poured out upon me ; The days of affliction have taken hold upon me. ^^ My bones are pierced in me in the night season ; And my sinews take no rest. 18 By the great force of my disease is my garment changed : It bindeth me about as the collar of my coat. 1^ He hath cast me into the mire, And I am become like dust and ashes. 2" I cry unto Thee — and Thou dost not hear me : I stand up — and Thou regardest me not. 21 Thou art tbecome cruel to me : With *thy strong hand Thou opposest thyself against me. -2 Thou liftest me up to the wind; Thou causest me to ride upon it, and dissolvest my t substance. ~3 For I know that Thou wilt bring me to death, And to the house appointed for all living. 24 Howbeit He will not stretch out his hand to the tgrave, Though they cry in his destruction. 25 Did 'not I weep *for him that was in trouble ? Was not my soul grieved for the poor ? 26 When "^I looked for good — then evil came unto me : And when I waited for light — there came darkness. 2'' My bowels boiled, and rested not: The days of affliction prevented me. 28 I 'went mourning without the sun : I stood up, and 1 cried in the congregation. 23 I 'am a brother to dragons, And a companion to fowls. 3° My "skin is black upon me, And "my bones are burned with heat. 31 My harp also is turned to mourning, And my organ into the voice of them that weep. 1 I made a covenant with mine "eyes ; Why then should I think upon a maid ? 2 For what ''portion of God is there from above ? And what inheritance of the Almighty from on high ? 3 Is not destruction to the wicked ? And a strange punishment to the workers of iniquity ? 4 Doth ''not he see my ways, And count all my steps ? 5 " If I have w^alked with vanity, Or if my foot hath hasted to deceit ; ^ ILet me be wei-jhcd in an even balance, That God may know mine integrity. ^ If my step hath turned out of the way, And 'my heart walked after mine eyes. And if any blot hath cleaved to my hands ; 8 Then "let me sow, and let another eat ; Yea, let my offspring be rooted out. ^ If my heart have been deceived by a woman, Or if I have laid wait at my neighbour's door ; 1° Then let my wife grind unto ''another. And let others bow down upon her. Job xxxi. Part II.] JOB CONTRASTS HIS PROSPERITY AND ADVERSITY. 65 ^^ For this is a heinous crime ; g Gen. 38. 24. Yea, °'it is an iniquity to be punished by the judges. 12 Yox it is a fire that consumeth to destruction, And would root out all mine increase. 13 If I did despise the cause of my manservant, Or of my maidservant, when they contended with me ; *i7.''io^' ^^' ^'' ^^ What then shall I do when "God riseth up? And when he visiteth, what shall I answer him ? i ch. 34. 19. Pr. 15 Did ^not he that made me in the womb make him ? Mai. 2. 10. ■ ■ And *did not One fashion us in the womb? * Or, did he not ^^ a jf J j^^^yg withheld the poor from their desire, asuoTiuiu 01 ^^ Y^^j^Q caused the eyes of the widow to fail ; '^'^ Or have eaten my morsel myself alone, And the fatherless hath not eaten thereof; 1^ (For from my youth he was brought up with me, as with a father, t That is, the Aj^(J J i^^yc ffuidcd thcr from my mother's womb ;) Widow, ~ /» 1 1 • 1^ If I have seen any perish for want of clothing, Or any poor without covering ; j See De. 24. 13. 20 Jf j^Jg Jq^j^s [^^yg ^Ot ^blcSScd mC, And if he were not warmed with the fleece of my sheep ; k ch. 2-2. 9. 21 If J have lifted up my hand 'against the fatherless. When I saw my help in the gate ; 2~ Then let mine arm fall from my shoulder blade, ^bml ^^ ''^'"'^' ^^^ """^ ^""'^ ^^ broken from tthe bone. I isai. 13. 6, 9. ^3 For 'destruction from God was a terror to me, Joel 1. 15. ^^^ l^y reason of his highness I could not endure. "i Trm^G^.^i?^''' "^ " If "I have made gold my hope, Or have said to the fine gold, ' Thou art my confidence ; ' "if.^28^' ^^" ^'' -^ If "I rejoiced because my wealth was great, * Yieh. found And bccausc my hand had *gotten much ; w 26 If I beheld the tsun when it shined, f Heb. the light. ^ , ,, . j.- i • i De. 4. 19. & 11. Or the moon walking lin brightness ; 8. 16. ' ' ^" '^'^ And my heart hath been secretly enticed, X Heb. bright. Qr *my mouth hath kissed my^ hand ; ^^''iS/'mt "^ This also were "an iniquity to be punished by the judge : mouth. Yox I should have denied the God that is above. See ver. 11. De. 17.5. 29 u If I ^'rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, p Prov. 17. 5. Or lifted up myself when evil found him : 'Rom"i2^."i4^.''' ^^ Neither *have I suffered tmy mouth to sin t Heb. my ■palate. By wishing a curse to his soul. 31 If the men of my tabernacle said not. ' Oh that we had of his flesh ! we cannot be satisfied.' *" ^®"' l^'.o'ii' ^^ The 'stranger did not lodge in the street : Roin. li. 13. ' But I opened my doors Ito the traveller. He. 13.2. iPet. 33 j^ j govcrcd my transgressions *as Adam, X Or, to the wa, I. Ry hiding mine iniquity in my bosom : * "'■,'nJ'^if ™«f ^"^ Did I fear a great 'multitude, manner of men. O /> 1 • Gen. 3^8, 12. Qr did the contempt of families terrify me, Ho7.'6.7.' "■ That I kept silence, and went not out of the door? 5 Ex. 23. 2. 35 u Oh 'that One would hear me ! tBehold ! my desire is, "that the Almighty would answer me, And that mine adversary had written a book. Surely I would take it upon my shoulder, ch. 13.22. jAi^fi hii^jj it as a crown to me. 3^ I would declare unto Him the number of my steps ; As a prince would I go near unto Him. 3^ " If my land cry against me, VOL. I. 9 *F t cli. 33, t Or, Behold ! my ■ 71 is that mighty will 66 ELIHU'S ARGUMENT. [Period II. J Ilel). weep. * Hiih.the strength thereof. Ja. 5. 4. t Heb. the soul of the owners thereof to expire, or, breathe out. 1 Kings 21. 19. V Gen. 3. 18. J Or, noisome weeds. a ch. 27. 3-6. 6 Gen. 22. 21. t Ileb. his soul. I Heb. expected Job in words. * Heb. elder for days. fllch.feiaofdays. ch. 15. 10. J Ileb. /cared. e 1 Kings 3. 12. ch. 35. 11. & 38. 3G. Pr. 2. 6. Ec. 2. 26. Dan. 1. 17. & 2. 21. Matt. 11. 25. Ja. 1. 5. d Cor. 1. 26. * Heb. under- standings. t Heb. words. J Or, ordered 7«s words. * Heb. They re- moved '^eeehcs from tlicmscloes. f Heb. word?. J Hel). 'J'lie spirit of my belly. Or that the furrows Ukewise thereof icomplain ; ^^ If I have eaten *the fruits thereof without money, Or have caused tthe owners thereof to lose their hfe ; ^" Let "thistles grow instead of wheat, And tcockle instead of barley." The words of Job are ended. Section XXI. — Eliku, who had hitherto hcai silent, takes up the ArgumeJit, and shoios that Affiiction is sent hy God for wise though inscrutable Pur- poses, and that the Duty of 3Ian is Submission. Job xxxii. to xx.xvii. ELViu is angrtj with Job and his three fi-iends. 6 Because wisdom cometh not from age, he excuselh the boldness of his youth. 11 He reproveth them for not satisfijing of Job. IC His zeal to speak. — Chap, xxxiii. 1 He off'ereth himself instead of God, with sincentij a?id meekness, to reason with Job. 8 He excuseth God from giving mixn an account of his ways, by his greatness. 14 God calleth man to repentance by visions, 19 by afflictions, 23 and by his ministry. 31 He inciteth Job to attention. — Chap, x.vxiv. 1 He accuseth Job for cliarging God with injustice. 10 God o/miip- otent cannot be unjust. 31 Man must humble himself unto God. 34 Elihu reproveth Job. — Chap. XXXV. 1 Comparison is not to be made with God, because our good or evil cannot extend unto him. 9 Many cry in their afjlictions, but are not heard for ivant of faith. — Chap, xxxvi. 1 Elihu slioweth hmv God is just in his ways. 16 Hoiv Job's si7is hinder God's blessi?igs. 24 God's works are to be magnified. — Chap, xxxvii. 1 God is to be feared because of his great works. 15 His wisdom is unsearc'iable in them. 1 So these three men ceased *to answer Job, because he was "righ- teous in his own eyes. ~ Then was kindled the wrath of Elihu the son of Baracliel ''the Buzite, of the kindred of Ram : against Job was his wrath kindled, because he justified thimself rather than God. ^ Also against his three friends was his wrath kindled, because they had found no answer, and yet had condemned Job. "* Now Elihu had Iwaited till Job had spoken, because they were *elder than he. ^ When Elihu saw that there was no answ^er in the mouth of these three men, then his wrath was kindled. ^ And Elihu the son of Barachel the Buzite answered and said : — " I am tyoung, and ye are very old ; Wherefore I was afraid, and tdurst not show you mine opinion. ''' I said, ' Days should speak, And multitude of years should teach wisdom.' ^ But there is a spirit in man : And "the inspiration of the Almighty giveth them understanding. ^ Great ''men are not always wise : Neither do the aged understand judgment. ^° Therefore I said, ' Hearken to me ; I also will show mine opinion.' ^^ " Behold ! I waited for your words ; I gave ear to your * reasons, whilst ye searched out twhat to say. ^^ Yea, I attended unto you. And, behold ! there was none of you that convinced Job, Or that answered his words : ^3 Lest "ye should say, ' We have found out wisdom, God thrusteth him down, not man.' ^^ Now he hath not tdirected his words against me ; Neither will I answer him with your speeches. ^^ " They were amazed, they answered no more : *They left off speaking. ^^ When I had waited, (for they spake not. But stood still, and answered no more) ; ^' I said. ' I will answer also my part, I also will show mine opinion.' ^s For I am full of tmatter, tThe spirit within me constraineth me. Part II.l ELIHU'S ARGUMENT. 67 » Heb. is opened. ■f Heb. breathe. f See Le. 19. 15. J Heb. in my palate. g See Gen. 2. 7 * Heb. to thy mouth, ch. 9. 32, 33. & 31. 35. J Heb. cut out of the day. h ch. 9. 34. & 13. 21. t Heb. in mine i ch. 9. 17. & 10. 7. & 16. 17. & 23. 10, 11. & 27. 5. & 29. 14. & 31. 1. j ch. 13. 24. & 16. 9. & 19. 11. k ch. 13. 27. & 14. 16. & 31. 4. I Is. 45. 9. * Heb. ansteercth not. m Ps. G2. 11. n SeeGe. 15. 1. I Heb. rcvealeth. or, uncovereth. ch. 36. 10, 15. J Heb. Mor/i:. * Heb. passing by the sword. Ps. 107. 18. ■f Vieh.meat of de- sire. " Behold ! my belly is as wine which *hath no vent ; It is ready to burst like new bottles. 20 I will speak, that I may tbe refreshed : I will open my lips and answer. 21 Let me not, I pray you, -^accept any man's person, Neither let me give flattering titles unto man. 22 For I know not to give flattering titles ; In so doing my Maker would soon take me away. 1 Wherefore, Job, I pray thee, hear my speeches, Job xxxiii. And hearken to all my words. 2 Behold ! now I have opened my mouth, My tongue hath spoken tin my mouth. 3 My words shall be of the uprightness of my heart : And my lips shall utter knowledge clearly. 4 The "'Spirit of God hath made me. And the breath of the Almighty hath given me life. ^ If thou canst answer me, Set thy words in order before me — stand up. •5 Behold ! I am according *to thy wish in God's stead: I also am tformed out of the clay. "^ Behold ! ''my terror shall not make thee afraid, Neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee. s " Surely thou hast spoken tin my hearing, And I have heard the voice of thy words, saying, 9 ' I ^am clean without transgression, I am innocent ; Neither is there iniquity in me. 1^ Behold ! He findeth occasions against me, He -'counteth me for his enemy. 1^ He ^putteth my feet in the stocks, He marketh all my paths.' 12 Behold ! in this thou art not just : I will answer thee, that God is greater than man. 13 a "VVhy dost thou 'strive against Him ? For He *giveth not account of any of his matters. 14 For "'God speaketh once, yea, twice. Yet man peiceiveth it not. ^^ In "a dream, in a vision of the night. When deep sleep falleth upon men, in slumberings upon the bed : 1*^ Then He topeneth the ears of men. And sealeth their instruction, 1" That He may withdraw man from his tpurpose, And hide pride from man. 13 He keepeth back his soul from the pit. And his life from *perishing by the sword. 1^ " He is chastened also with pain upon his bed. And the multitude of his bones with strong pain : 2f' So "that his life abhorreth bread. And his soul tdainty meat. 21 His flesh is consumed away, that it cannot be seen ; And his bones that were not seen stick out. 22 Yea, his soul draweth near unto the grave, And his life to the destroyers. 23 If there be a messenger with him, An interpreter, one among a thousand. To show unto man his uprightness : 24 Then he is gracious unto him, and saith, ' Deliver him from going down to the pit : 68 ELIHU'S ARGUMENT. [Period II. X Or, an atone- J j^g^^e found ta lansoiTi.' * Heb. childhood. 2^ His flesh shall be fresher than *a child s : He shall return to the days of his youth : 26 He shall pray unto God, and he will be favorable unto him : And he shall see his face with joy : For he will render unto man his righteousness, t oi,Heshauiook 27 ffjg lookctli upou mcu, and if any -^say, soy,"/ A^'e sin- ' I havc sinucd, and perverted that which was right, ;,? Sam. 12. 13. ^ud it 'profited mc uot ; ' Ps.3-2 5. Pr.28. 28 |jjg yy[\\ deliver his soul from going into the pit, Da. 9. 20,' 2L And his life shall see the light. ?B!om.^6!'2i. ^' Lo ! all these things worketh God *oftentimcs with man, J Or, He havi. de- 30 ^q ''bring back his soul from the pit, 'R:ZidZj%: To be enlightened with the light of the living. Jl^ f '5" , ^^ " Mark well, O Job ! hearken unto me : * Heb. twice and i t ii i thrue. Hold thy peace, and 1 will speak. r Ta. 56. 13. 3-2 jf ^j^^^^ |^g^gj ^^^y ^j^jj^g ^q ^^y^ auswer me : Speak, for I desire to justify thee. 'J'as^" "■ *'*'■ ^^ I^ "°*' 'hearken unto me : Hold thy peace, and I shall teach thee wisdom." ^ Furthermore Elihu answered and said : — Job xxxiv. 2 " Hear my words, O ye wise men! And give ear unto me, ye that have knowledge ! * ch. 6. 30. & 12. 3 For the face of the Lord ; iich.2h 15. and "the Lord hath sent us to destroy it." ^^ And Lot went out, and y Or, which were spakc uuto his sons-iu-law, '-'which married his daughters, and said, LTMat'.'i.T' " Up ! ^get you out of this place ! for the Lord will destroy this city." -Ed. «]3m l^g seemed as one that mocked unto his sons-in-law. I Ex 9%?' Lu ^^ And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying, i7.28.'&24. 11. u Arigg j ijj^i-y tby ^vife, and thy two daughters, which *are here ; lest *Re"'.\8'.'4'.'^^" thou be consumed in the tiniquity of the city." ^^ And ^vhile he lin- » Heb. arcfound. gercd, thc mou laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his ^ Or, punishment, ^yjf^^ ^ud upou the hand of his two daughters, (the "Lord being mer- 'T\^V\r ciful unto him ;) 'and thev brought him forth, and set him without dRo. 9. l."), 16. . '' . ^- «Ps.34.22. the City. , , J '■^ And it came to pass, when they iiad brought them forth abroad, Part III.] THE BIRTH OF ISAAC. 87 /iKi. 19.3. that he said, " Escape -Tor thy hfe ! look not behind thee/neither ^24'i(lV°'^^'^'' stay tliou in all the plain ; escape to the mountain, lest thou be con- sumed ! " ^^ And Lot said unto them, '• Oh, not so, my Lord ! ^^ Be- hold now, thy servant hath found grace in thy sight, and thou hast magnified thy mercy, which thou hast showed unto me in saving my lifel and I cannot escape to the mountain, lest some evil take me, and I die ; ^^ behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one ; oh, let me escape thither, (is it not a little one ?) and my soul shall live." ~^ And he said unto him, " See ! "I have accepted Uhee tHcbXface. conccming this thing also, that I will not overthrow this city, for the which thou hast spoken. ^- Haste thee ! escape thither ! for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither." Therefore the name of the That is, little. . •' il l sr/ Ge. 13. I0.&14. City was called Zoar. 23 The sun was trisen upon the earth when Lot entered into Zoar. ^''Then Hhe Lord rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone i'iof i'lFi' and fire from the Lord out of heaven ; -^ and he overthrev/ those 9:&i3. i9.Je.' cities, and all the plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that 20. 16. & 49. 18. , . ' Ti J &50. 40. La. 4. wliich gicw upou the ground. tal'^-Ho-n. 26 But his wife looked back from behind him, ^ and she became a Mut n'''^'"24 pillar of salt. Lu. 17. 28, 29. 27 A,-,^ Abraham gat up early in the morning to the place where he 2Pe.2.fa. Ju e ^^^^^ before the Lord, ^s And he looked toward Sodom and Gomor- rah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo ! the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace ! -' And it came to pass, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when he overthrew the cities in the which Lot dwelt. A. M. ab. 2107. B. c. ab. 1897. SECTION XL — Lot and his two Daughters. Hales, 2054. ^^^ ^.^ 3q^ ^g ^j^^ ^„^; 2oar ^"^ divelleth in a cave. Tlie incestuous original of Moab and Amnion. — 30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and ^Fopfnio'n'ibat' his two daughters with him ; for he feared to dwell in Zoar : and lie wlsaX'tetrb dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters, ^i And the firstborn said Lot's daughters, ^^^q i\^q youngcr, " Our father is old, and there is not a man in the 7ermlhe}amiiii.- earth to comc in unto us after the manner of all the earth ; ^2 come, iUy't^iought"''' let us make our father drink wine, and we will lie with him, that we desuoyraVeT. ''may preserve seed of our father." ^3 And they made their father a^ver'^'reason-' ^rlnk wiuc that uight ; and the firstborn went in, and lay with her abiT'op'nionr father ; and he perceived not when she lay down, nor when she arose. drslruct^no'r 34 ^j^^j [^ (,ame to pass on the morrow, that the firstborn said unto the deluge wasyet' youugcr, " Bcliold, I lay yesternight with my father ; let us make him date?-ir"' drink wine this night also, and go thou in, and lie with him, that we b i.e. of my may preserve seed of our father." ^5 And they made their father drink De'i'o.'gT^'^' wine that uight also ; and the younger arose, and lay with him ; and c i- e.j^be^son^of }^g pg^(,giYg(j notwheu shc lay dovv'n, nor when she arose, ^e Th^s dI.Ti9.' ' were both the daughters of Lot with child by their father. ^7 And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name "^Moab : the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day. ^sAnd the younger, she also bare a son, and called his name "^Ben-ammi : the same is the father of the children of Amnion unto this day. Section XII. — The Birth of Isaac. Gen. xxi. ]-8. Isaac is born. 4- He is circumcised. 6 Sarah's joy. 1 And the Lord "visited Sarah as he had said, and the Lord did unto Sarah ^as he had spoken. ^ For Sarah 'conceived, and bare h Job 42. 8, 9. 145. 19. 2. t Heb. gone forth i De. 29. 23. Job j Wis. 10. 7. Lu. SECT. xr. De. 2. 19. SECT. xir. A. M. 2107. B. C. 1897. T. 1896. Haleb, 2053. Probably in the Plains of Jlamre. a 1 Sa. 2. 21. J See Ge. 17. 16, 19. r. Ac. 7. 8. Gal. 4. 22. He. 11.11. dGe. 17. 17. Pb. 126. 2. e Lu. 1. 58. fGe. 18. 11,12. SECT. XIII. A. M. 2102. B. C. 1892. Hales ,2053. Probably, Gerar. a Gal 1. 4- 30. See Ge. 25. G.&36. 6,7. 6Ge. 17. 18. ABRAHASrS COVENANT WITH ABIMELECH. [Period H. Abraham a son in his old age, at the set time of which God had spoken to him. ^ And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, wiiom Sarah bare to him, Isaac. ^ And Abraham cir- cumcised his son Isaac being eiglit days old, as God had commanded him. ^ And Abraham was an hundred years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him. •" And Sarah said, " God ''hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear 'will laugh with me." " And slie said, '• Who would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah should have given children suck ? -^for I have born him a son in his old age." ^ And the child grew, and was weaned : and Abraham made a great feast the smne day that Isaac was weaned. Section XIII. — Casting out of Ha gar and Ishmacl. Gen. xxi. 9-21. Iliigar and Ishmacl are cast forth. 1.5 Haxar in distress. 17 Tlie angel comforteth her. ^ And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking. ^° Wherefore she said unto Abraham, " Cast "out this bondwoman and her son ; for the son of this bond- woman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac." ^^ And 'the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. ^- And God said unto Abraham, "I-et it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman ; in all that cRo.9.7,8. He garah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice ; for 'in Isaac shall thy seed be called. ^^ And also of the ''son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed." ^'^ And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the cliild, and sent her away : and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beer- sheba. ^^ And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs. ^^ And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot : for she said, " Let me not see the death of the child." And she sat over against eEx.3.7. jjjj^^ ^^^ Y\h up her voice, and wept. '^'' And 'God heard the voice of the lad ; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, " What aileth thee, Hagar ? fear not ; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is. '^ Arise, lift up the lad, and ^^K\~l'.\i[\i^ hold him in thy hand; for I will make him a great nation." ^^And 20. Lu. 24. 16, /Q.Qjj opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water ; and she went, g-Ge.28.i5.&39. and filled the bottle with water, and gave the lad drink, ^o And ^God ;Ge.'i6.i2. was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, '"and became an archer. ^^ And he dwelt in the wilderness of Paran : and his mother Hook him a wife out of the land of Egypt. /. Ge. 16. 12. i Ge. 24. 4. SECT. XIV. Sf.ction XIV. — Abraham's Covenant with Ahimclcch. . ,. „,,„ Gen. x.xi. 22, to the end. A. M. 2113. n. c. 1891. 22 ^j^p jt came to pass at that time, that " Abimelech and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, "God 'is with thee in all that thou doest : -^ now therefore 'swear unto me here by God, *that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my son's son : but according to the kindness that I have done cJos^2. 12. isa. unto thcc, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast »Tierim/.«sM£ sojourned." -'* And Abraham said, "I will swear." ^5 And Abraham lieuntome. reprovcd Abimelcch because of a well of water, which Abimclech's d See Ge. 26. 15, scrvauts ''had violently taken away. "^And Abimelech said, " I wot 18,20-22. ^^^ ^^j^^ j^^^l^ ^^j^p ^j^jg ^|,j,-,jj. neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to-day." -" And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and Hales, 2053. Gerar. Part III.] THE TEMPTATION OP ABRAHAM. 89 /Ge. 33. 8. g Ge. 31. 48, 52 t That is, The well of the oath. Ge. 26. 33. J Or, tree. /i Ge. 4. 26. iDe.33. 27.13. 40. 28. Ro. 16. 2o. 1 Tira. 1. n SECT. XV. A. M. 2132. B. C. 1872. T. 1871. Hales, 2028. Mori ah. a He. 11.17. 1 Co. 10. 13. Ja. 1. 12. 1 Pe. 1. 7. * Heb. Behold me. ver. 7. h He. 11. 17. c 2 Ch. 3. 1 Mat. 27. 33. 35. d John 19. 17. t Heb. Behold i ver. 1. t Or, kid. gave them unto Abimelech ; and both of them 'made a covenant. ^* And Abraham set seven ewe lambs of tlie flociv by themselves. ~^ And Abimelech said unto Abraham, " What ^mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set by themselves ? " ^^ And he said, " For these seven ewe lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that ^they may be a witness unto me, that I have digged this well." ^^ Wherefore he called that place tBeer-sheba ; because there they sware both of them. 32 Thus they made a covenant at Beer-sheba : then Abimelech rose up, and Phichol the chief captain of his host, and they returned into the land of the Philistines. 23 And Abraham planted a tgrove in Beer-sheba, and "called there on the name of the Lord, "the everlasting God. ^4 And Abraham sojourned in the Philistines' land many days. Section XY.— The Temptation of Ahraliam.^'^ Gen. xxii. 1-19. Abraham is tempted to offer Isaac. 3 He gireth proof of his faith and obedience. 11 The angel stayeth him. 13 Isaac is exchanged with a ram. 14 The place is called Jehovah-Jireh. 15 Abraham is blessed again. 1 And it came to pass after these things that "God did tempt Abra- ham, and said unto him, "Abraham ; " and he said, " ^Behold, here I am." 2 And He said, " Take now thy son, ''thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and get thee 'into the land of Moriah ; and ofter him there for a burnt offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of." 3 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went unto the place of which God had told him. "^Then on the third day Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw the place afar off. ^ And Abraham said unto his young men, " Abide ye here with the ass ; and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you." ^ And Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering, and ^laid it upon Isaac his son ; and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife ; and they went both of them together. 'And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father, and said, "My father!" And he said, " IHere am I, my son." And he said, " Behold the fire and the wood : but where is the llamb for a burnt offering? " ^ And Abraham said, " My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering ; " so they went both of them together. ^ And they came to the place which God had told him of ; and Abel, Noah, the passover, and other chief institu- tions of the Levitical Law, we can show from Scripture, that the resemblance was originally de- signed, and was not merely a coincidence. The sacrifice of Isaac by his father was so evidently typical of the sacrifice of Christ, that there can be no doubt of the design which was to be answered by this otherwise mysterious event. On the very spot where Christ was afterwards crucified, Abra- ham is commanded to slay his son. It is needless to recapitulate the coincidences between the sacri- fice of Isaac and of Christ : they are to be found in every commentary. That the meaning of all the circumstances of this mystical sacrifice of his son was revealed to Abraham, that he learnt from them that the promised Messiah should in like iTianner bear the wood of the cross, and die for mankind, and that Abraham, in obeying the divine command, rejoiced to see the day of Christ, and he then saw it and was glad, is well argued by Bishop Warbur- ton. Vide^Bp. Van Mildert's Bampton Lectures, page 2.37; Bp. Marsh's jLec womb. 24 Tlie birth of Esau and Jacob. 27 Their difference. ^^ And these are the generations of Isaac, Abraham's son : Abra- ham begat Isaac : ^'^ and Isaac was forty years old when he took Re- bekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padan-aram, the sister to Laban the Syrian. ~^ And Isaac entreated the Lord for his wife, because she was barren ; "and the Lord was entreated of him, and ''Rebekah his wife conceived. — And the children struggled together within her; and she said, "If it be so, why am I thus?" ''and she went to inquire of the Lord. -^ And the Lord said unto her, " Two ''nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels ; 'and the one people shall be stronger than the other people ; and ■'^the elder shall serve the younger." 2^ And when her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. ^^ And the first came out red, ^all over like a hairy garment ; and they called his name Esau. ^^ And after tiiat came his brother out, and ''his hand took hold on Esau's heel ; and his name was called Jacob : and Isaac was threescore years old wlien she bare them. ^^ And the boys grew : and Esau was 'a cunning hun- ter, a man of the field ; and Jacob was ^a plain man, dwelling in tents. 2^ And Isaac loved Esau, because *he did eat of his venison ; but Rebekah loved Jacob. Section XXI. — Death of Abraham. Gen. XXV. 7-10. ■^ And these are the days of the years of Abraham's life which he lived, an hundred threescore and fifteen years. ^ Then Abraham gave up the ghost, and "died in a good old age, an old man, and full of years ; and Svas gathered to his people. '■' And 'his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in tiie cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, which is before Mamre ; ^° the "field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth : 'there was Abraham buried, and Sarah his wife. SECT. I. A. M. ab. 2200. B. C. ab. 1804. Laliai-roi. aG 2-1, e. 16. 14. &. .62. i Ge. 12. 10. f ART IV.] COVENANT OF ISAAC WITH ABIMELECH. 95 PART IV. FROM THE DEATH OF ABRAHAM, TO THE SELLING OF JOSEPH BY HIS BRETHREN. Section I. — Esau sells Ids Birthright. Gkn. XXV. 11., xxvi. part ofver. 1, a7id xxv. 29, to the eyid. 11 AND it came to pass after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac ; and Isaac dwelt by "the well Lahai-roi. 1 And there was a famine in the land, beside Hhe first faniii;o that was in the days of Abraham. -^ And Jacob sod pottage : and Esau came from the field, and he ^S with thai*r.1 was faint : ^o and Esau said to Jacob, " Feed me, I pray thee, *with pottage. that same red pottage ; for I am faint : " therefore was his name called ■ Herii««'!" ^^'^om. 31 And Jacob said, '^ Sell me this day thy birthright." ^2 And ^Jf^^-^'^''st-o i^g^jj g^jj^ u Behold, I am lat the point to die : and what profit shall this birthright do to me ? " ^^ And Jacob said, '• Swear to me this day ; " and he sware unto him ; and 'he sold his birthright unto Jacob. Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles ; and ''lie did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way : thus Esau despised his birthright.'^' SECT. II. Section II. — Covenant of Isaac loith Abimelech at Gcrar. A. W. ab. 220O. Gen. xxvi. latter part ofver. 1, to the end. B. C. 1804. Isaac goes to Gerar. 2 God instructeth and blesseth him. 7 He is reproved by Abimelech for deny- ijig his wife. 12 He groweth rich. 18 He diggeth Ezek, SitnaJi, and Rehoboth. 26 Abimelech G^rar. maketh a covenant irith him at Beer-slieba. 34 Esau's wives. And Isaac went unto "Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar. <; Ec. S. 15. Is. 22. 34 13. 1 Co. 15. 32, a Ge. 20. 2. ^ And the Lord appeared unto him, and said, " Go not down i Ge. 12. 1. & 20. ^"" "-"^ -uoiiD appeaieu unio mm, ana saia, '^ uo not clown into i.Ps.39.i2.He: Egypt; dwell in 'the land which I shall tell thee of: ^ sojourn in this cGe.28. 15. laud, aud'I will be with thee, and will bless thee; "^for unto thee, dsieeG8.i2. 7. and uuto thy seed, I will give all these countries, and I will perform the oath which I sware unto Abraham thy father. ^ And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries ; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the e Ge. 23. 16, IS. earth be blessed ; ^ because 'that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws." ^ And Isaac dwelt in Gerar. ' And the men of the place asked him /Ge._i2.i3.&20. of his wifc ; and ^he said, " She is my sister: " for ^he feared to say, g-Pr.20. 25. She is my wife ; " Lest," said he, " the men of the place should kill me for R,ebekah ; because she was fair to look upon. ^ And it came to pass, when he had been there a long time, that Abimelech king of the Philistines looked out at a window, and saw, and, behold, Isaac was sporting with Rebekah his wife. .^ And Abimelech called Isaac, and said, " Behold, of a surety she is thy wife : and how saidst thou, ' She is my sister ? ' " And Isaac said unto him, " Because I said, ' Lest, I die for her.' " i" And Abimelech said, " What is this thou hast done unto us ? one of the people might lightly have lien with thy wife, and AGe.2o. 9. ''thou shouldcst havc brought guiltiness upon us." ^^ And' Abimelech iPs. 105. 15. charged all his people, saying, " He that 'toucheth this man or !iis wife shall surely be put to death." (8) The same famine which compelled Isaac to hunting could not find in his father's tent sufficient go to Gerar (ppn. xxvi. 1.), caused Esau to sell his food to appease the cravings of hunger. Esau, for birthright. Some powerful reason seems to be this mesa of pottage, yieldtng to the temptation of necessary to account for this absurd and wicked the moment, renounced, both for himself and his exchange of the privileges of the birthright for a descendants, all the privileges of primogeniture, and mess of lentile pottage, the commonest food of the the covenant which God made with Abraham, that country. Esau was the eldest son of a prince or from him the Messiah should descend.— Lightfoot, emir ; and the situation of the country must have Stackhouse. been deplorable, when such a man on his return from 96 DEATH OF ISH?.IAEL— KIS FAMILY. [Period II. Hcb.f(mnd. t Uch.zBmt !;oing. Ps. 112. 3. Pr. 10.22. I Or, husbandry, k Ge. 37. 11. Ec. 4.4. IGe.21. 30. m Ex. 1. 9. • Heb. living. Ge. 21. 25. t That is, Conten- tipii. X Tliat is, Ilutrcd. * That is, Room. pSee Ge. 12.2. 5 See Ge. 15. 1. r See Ge. 12. 2. t Ge. 21. 22. itJu. 11.7. f Heb. Seeing ice saw. Ge. 21. 22, 23. J Ueh.ifthou shall, 4'c. »SeeGe. 12. 2,3. to Ge. 19. 3. iGc.21. 31. * That is, an oath. t That is, the well y Ge. 36. 2. t Heb. hitterness of spirit. Ge. 27. 4o. &38. 1,8. ^^Then Isaac sowed in that land, and *reccived in the same year ^an hundredfold : and the Loud blessed him. ^^ And the man waxed great, and twent forward, and grew until lie became very great ; ^"* for he had possession of Hocks, and possession of herds, and great store of tservants : and the Philistines ^envied him. ^^ For all 'the wells which his father's servants had digged in the days of Abraham his father, the Philistines had stopped them, and filled them with earth. ^^ And Abimelech said unto Isaac, " Go from us ; "'for thou art much mightier thafl w^e." ^' And Isaac departed thence, and pitched his tent in the valley of Gerar, and dwelt there. ^^ And Isaac digged again the wells of water, which they had digged in the days of Abraham his father ; for the Philistines had stopped them after the death of Abraham : "and he called their names after the names by which his father had called them. ^^ And Isaac's servants digged in the valley, and found there a well of *springing water. ^^ And the herdmen of Gerar "did strive with Isaac's herdmen, saying, "The water is ours:" and he called the name of the well tEsek ; because they strove with him. ^' And they digged another well, and strove for that also : and he called the name of it tSitnah. ^^ And he removed from thence, and digged another well ; and for that they strove not : and he called the name of it *Rehoboth ; and he said, " For now the Lord hath made room for us, and ''we shall be fruitful in the land." ~^ And he went up from thence to Beer-sheba. ^^ And the Lord appeared unto him the same night,*'' and said, '• I 'am the God of Abraham thy father : '^fear not, for I am with thee, and will bless thee, and multiply thy seed for my servant Abraham's sake." ~^ And he builded an altar there, and 'called upon the name of the Lord, and pitched his tent there ; and there Isaac's servants digged a well. ^^ Then Abimelech went to him from Gerar, and Ahuzzath one of his friends, and Thichol the chief captain of his army. ^~ And Isaac said unto them, " Wherefore come ye to me, "seeing ye hate me, and have sent me away from you ? " -^ And they said, '•' tWe saw certainly that the Lord was with thee : and we said, ' Let there be now an oath betwixt us, even betwixt us and thee, and let us make a covenant with thee ; ^^ tthat thou wilt do us no hurt, as we have not touched thee, and as we have done unto thee nothing but good, and have sent thee away in peace : "thou art now the blessed of the Lord." 2° And ""he made them a feast, and they did eat and drink. ^^ And they rose up betimes in the morning, and ""sware one to another : and Isaac sent them away, and they departed from him in peace. ^~ And it came to pass the same day, that Isaac's servants came, and told him concerning the well which they had digged, and said unto him, " We have found water." =^^ And he called it *Shebah ; therefore the name of the city is tBeer-sheba unto this day. ^^ And ^Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite : ^'' which were ta erief of mind unto Isaac and to Rebekah. -^ Section III. — DeatJi of Ishmacl — His Famihj. A- M. 2231. Qj,j, ^^^ IO_i8. hIles, 1930." ^^ And these are the years of the life of Ishmael, an hundred and iiaviiah. thirty and seven years ; and he gave up the ghost and died, and was a 1 sa. 15. 7. gathered unto his'peopls ; '** (and "they dwelt from Havilah unto Shur, (') A constant intercourse was maintained be- cessary either to revive the remembrance of the tween the Patriarch, and tlie Anjrel .Tohovah, the promise, or to encourage his dependence upon protecting God of his family, so far as it was ne- God. Part IV.] JACOB OBTAINS HIS FATHER'S BLESSING. 97 *neb./cH. Ge. tliatis before Egypt, as thou goest toward Assyria ;) and he *died ^^' ^~' in the presence of all his brethren. 6Ge. 16. 15. 12 ]\fow thcso are the generations of Ishniael, x^braham's son, ''whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham, ^^ And cich. 1.29. 'these are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names, according to their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebajoth ; and Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam, ^'^ and Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa, t Or /fo/ia^, 15 fJJadar, and Tenia, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah, ^^ These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their d Ge. 17. 20. castles ; "twelve princes according to their nations. Section IV. — Jacob, hy stratagem, obtains his Father's Blessing. SECT. IV. Gen. xxvii. 1-45. Isaac sendeth Esau for venison. 6 Rebekah instructeth Jacob to obtain the blessing. 15 Jacob, under A. M. 2244. the person of Esau, obtaineth it. 30 Esau bringeth venison. 34 Esau complaineth, and by importu- B. C. 1760. nittj obtaineth a blessing. 41 He threatcneth Jacob. 42 Rebekah disappoinleth it. Hales, 1916. 1 ^^.^ jj ^amc to pass, that when Isaac was old, and "his eyes were Canaan. ^.^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ could uot SCO, hc Called Esau his eldest son, and said "s^s ^' ^°' ^ ^''' unto him, "My son!" and he said unto him, "Behold, here am I." 6 Pr. 27. 1. Ja. 4. ^ And lic Said, "Behold now, I am old, 'I know not the day of my ^^" ^. death ; ^ now 'therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver '*UeKhunt. and thy bow, and go out to the field, and * take me some venison; ^ and make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me, that '^49''2f be !«■ f ^ ^^y ®^^ ' ^^^^^ "^y ^^"^ ''may bless thee before I die." ^ And Ptebekah heard when Isaac spake to Esau his son. And Esau went to the field to hunt for venison, and to bring it. 6 And Rebekah spake unto Jacob her son, saying, " Behold, I heard thy father speak unto Esau thy brother, saying, "^ ' Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat, and bless thee before the Lord before my death.' ^ Now therefore, my son, obey my voice according to that which I command thee. ^ Go now to the flock, and fetch me from thence two good kids of the goats, and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth ; ^^ and thou shalt bring it to thy father, that he may eat, and that he may bless thee be- fore his death." eGe.2o.25. ^ And Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, "Behold, 'Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am a smooth man : ^~ my father perad- venture will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver ; and I /Ge. 9. 25. shall bring % curse upon me, and not a blessing." ^^ And his mother irGe.43. 9. 1 sa. said uuto him, " Upon °me be thy curse, my son : only obey my voice, aMat.^27.''25! " aud go fctch mc them." ^^ And he went, and fetched, and brought them to his mother : and his mother made savoury meat, such as his father loved. \ ueh. desirabje. 15 ^^lA Rcbckah took fgoodly raiment of her eldest son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob her younger son ; ^"^ and she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands, and upon the smooth of his neck ; ^'' and she gave the savoury meat and the bread, which she had prepared, into the hand of her son Jacob. ^® And he came unto his father, and said, " My father ! " And he said, " Here am I ; who art thou, my son ? " ^^ And Jacob said unto his father, " I am Esau thy firstborn ; I have done according as thou badest me ; arise, I pray thee, sit and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me." ^° And Isaac said unto his son, " How is it that thou hast found it so quickly, my son ? " And he said, " Because the t Heb. before me. Loj^p thy God brought it tto me." -^ And Isaac said unto Jacob, " Come near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my very son Esau or not." ^ And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father ; and he felt him, and said, " The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands VOL. I. 13 I 98 JACOB OBTAINS HIS FATHER'S BLESSING. [Period II. i Ge. 45. 18. De. 33. J3, 38. He. 11. 20. j Ge. 9. 25. Sl 25. 23. k Ge. 49. 8. ISeeGe. 12. 3. * Heb. trembled with a srrect trsmbliiig greatly. t Heb. hunted, m Ge. 28. 3, 4. Ro. 11. 29. n He. 12, 17. are the hands of Esau." ^-^ And he discerned hhn not, because his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau's hands ; so he blessed him, ^* And he said, " Art thou my very son Esau ? " And he said, " I am." ^^ And he said, '• Bring it near to me, and I will eat of my son's venison, that my soul may bless thee." And he brought it near to him, and he did eat ; and he brought him wine, and he drank. '^'° And his father Isaac said unto him, '•Come near now, and kiss me, my son." ^^ And he came near, and kissed him : and he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him, and said, — " See ! ''the smell of my son is as the smell of a field Which the Lord hath blessed : ^^ Therefore *God give thee of the dew of heaven, And the fatness of the earth, And plenty of corn and wine : ^^ Let 'people serve thee. And nations bow down to thee : Be lord over thy brethren. And Met thy mother's sons bow down to thee : Cursed 'be every one that curseth thee, And blessed be he that blesseth thee ! " "^^ And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of bless- ing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting. ^^ And he also had made savoury meat, and brought it unto his father, and said unto his father, " Let my father arise, and eat of his son's venison, that thy soul may bless me." ^^ And Isaac his father said unto him, " Who art thou ? " And he said, " I am thy son, thy first- born Esau." ^^ And Isaac *trembled very exceedingly, and said, '' Who ? where is he that hath ttaken venison, and brought it me, and I have eaten of all before thou camest, and have blessed him ? yea, '"and he shall be blessed." ^^ And when Esau heard the words of his father, "he cried with a great and exceeding bitter crv, and said unto his q Ho. 12. 17. t Or.ofthe fatness. He. 11. 20. r Ge. 25. 23. Ob. 18-20. 2Sa. 8. 14. a 2 Ki. 8. 20. tGe. 37. 4,8. uGe.50. 3, 4, 10. Ob. 10. father, " Bless me, me also, O my father ! " ^^ And he said, Thy brother came with subtilty, and hath taken away thy blessing." ^^ And he said, " Is not he rightly named tJacob ? for he hath sup- planted me these two times ; "he took away my birthright, and, be- hold, now he hath taken away my blessing." And he said, " Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me ? " -'^ And Isaac answered and said unto Esau, " Behold, ^I have made him thy lord, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants ; and with corn and wine have I *sustained him : and what shall I do now unto thee, my son ? " ^^ And Esau said unto his father, •' Hast tiiou but one blessing, my father ? bless me, even me also, O my father ! " And Esau lifted up his voice, 'and wept. 2^ And Isaac his father answered and said unto him, — " Behold ! thy dwelling shall be tthe fatness of the earth. And of the dew of heaven from above ; ^•^ And by thy sword shalt thou live. And 'shalt serve thy brother ; And ''it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion. That thou shalt break his yoke from oflf thy neck." ''^ And Esau 'hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him ; and Esau said in his heart, " The "days of mourning for iny father are at hand, then will I slay my brother Jacob." '■- And these words of Esau her elder son were told to Rebe- kah ; and she sent and called Jacob her younger son, and said unto him, " Behold, thy brother Esau, as touching thee, doth "comfort him- self, purposing to kill thee. '^■^ Now therefore, my son, obey my voice, hGe. 17. 1, 6 * Heb.aii assembly of people. Part IV.] JOURNEY OF JACOB TO PADAN-ARAM. 99 «Ge. U.31. and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother '"to Haran, ^4 and tarry with him a few days, until thy brother's fury turn away, '•^ (until thy brother's anger turn away from thee, and he forget that which thou ■ hast done to him ;) then I will send, and fetch thee from thence : why should I be deprived also of you both in one day ? " SEcr^ V. Section V. — Journctj of Jacob to Padan-aram. A. M. 2244. Gen. xxvii. 46, chap, xxviii., and xxix. 1-14. B. C. 1760. j^^^^ blesselh Jacob, and sendetli him to Padan-aram. 6 Esau mameth Mahalath the daughter of Hales, 1916. Jshmuel. 10 Tlie vision of Jacob's ladder. 18 Tlie stone of Bethel. 20 Jacob's vow. — Chap. Padan-aram. xxix. 1 Jacob Cometh to the ' well of Haran. 9 Jacob taketh acquaintance of Rachel. 13 Laban entertaineth him. a Ge. 26. 35. 46 ^ND Robekah Said to Isaac, " I "am weary of my life because of b Go. 24. 3. the dauo-hters of Heth ; 'if Jacob take a wife of the daughters of Heth, such aslhese which are of the daughters of the land, what good shall my life do me ?" c Ge. 27. 28. 1 ^nd Isaac called Jacob, and 'blessed him, and charged him, Gen. xxviii. d Ge. 24. 3. and said unto him, " Thou ''shalt not take a wife of the daughters « Ge. 25. 20. Ho. ^f Canaan. -Arise, 'go to Padan-aram, to the house of -^Bethuel thy /Ge.^i. 23. mother's father ; and take thee a wife from thence of the daughters g Ge. 24. 29. of »Laban thy mother's brother. ^ And ''God Almighty bless thee, and make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, that thou mayest be *a multitude of people ; '^ and give thee Hhe blessings of Abraham, to thee, and to \%IkV^vI- thy seed with thee ; that thou mayest ^inherit the land twherein thou joiivnings. Ge. ^rt a strangcr, which God gave unto Abraham." ^ And Isaac sent away Jacob''; and he Avent to Padan-aram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Syrian, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob's and Esau's mother. 6 When Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob, and sent him away to Padan-aram, to take him a wife from thence ; and that as he blessed him he gave him a charge, saying, " Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Canaan;" '^ and that Jacob obeyed his father and his mother, and was gone to Padan-aram ; ^ and Esau seeing that the t Heb. were eva daughtcrs of Canaan tpleased not Isaac his father ; ^ then went Esau unto G'e!24.T.V2(3. Ishinacl, and took unto the wives which he had,^Mahalatii the daughter jGe.36.3,si,eis of Islimaol Abraham's son, '^the sister of Nebajoth, to be his vvife. called Ba.Ae- 10 ^j^^j Jacob 'wcut out froui Becr-shcba, and went toward ""Haran. /Ge'!25.]3. 11 And he lighted upon a certain place, and tarried there all night, I Ho. 12. 12. because the sun was set ; and he took of the stones of that place, and ^''cwat"" '• put them for his pillows, and lay down in that place to sleep, i- And nGe. 15. 1. "he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of John 1.51. He. jt reached to heaven: "and behold the angels of God ascending and p'gW 1. & 48. descending on it. i^ And, ''behold ! the Lord stood above it, and said, "I % 2g ,, 'am the Lord God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac ; 'the ^sreGe.i2.7. land whercou thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed, ^^and s See Ge. 19. 2. 'thy scod sliall be as the dust of the earth, and thou shalt *spread abroad */"'/': *""'■ to the west, and to the east, and to the north, and to the south ; 'and t See Ge. 12. 3. in thcc and in thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed. "3?'3^& ~|- fg 15 And, behold, "I am with thee, and will keep thee in all places whither Ps". '121. 5, 7, s! thou goest, and will bring thee again into this land ; "for I will not "ri'^i'v^^^^li leave thee, until I have done that vvhich I have spoken to thee of." rie."i3. 5. 16 And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, " Surely "the » Ex. 3. 5. Jos. 5. Lo^jj ig in this place ; and I knew it not." i^ And he was afraid, and xGe.3i. 13,45. Said, " How drcadful is this place ! this is none other but the house of fo-ii Nu"^': \. God, and this is the gate of heaven ! " i^ And Jacob rose up early in the ^Th^i\s,tnehonse momiug, and took the stone that he had put for his pillows, and ^set it t%^.no:A.\6. up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it. ^^ And he called the y Ge. 31. 13. Ju. name of that place tBeth-el : but the name of that city was called i'-i Tii^e^'s'."' Luz at the first, ^o And "Jacob vowed a vow, saying, " If God will be 100 RESIDENCE OF JACOB WITH LABAN. [Period 11. with me, and will keep me in this way that I go. and will give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on, '^^ so ''that I come again to my father's house in peace, "then shall the Lord be my God ; " and this stone, which I have set for a pillar, ''shall be God's house ; 'and of all cLeiS'.ao!^" that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee." Xneb.iifiupku 1 Then Jacob twent on his journey, and came into the land Gen. xxix. utit'io^'^' of the *people of the East. "-^And he looked, and behold a 1-14. * Heb. ciiiidren. ^yg]] [^ f^c field, and, lo ! there were three flocks of sheep lying by it ; for out of that well they watered the flocks, and a great stone was upon the well's mouth. ^ And thither were all the flocks gathered ; and they rolled the stone from the well's mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well's mouth in his place. '^ And Jacob said unto them, " My brethren, whence be ye ? " And they said," Of Haran are we." ^ And he said unto them, " Know ye Laban the son of Nahor ? " t Heb. Is there ^nd they Said," We know him." *" And he said unto them, " tis he gT^. 27™' well ? " And they said, " He is well ; and, behold, Rachel his daughter XHeh.yettheday comcth with the slicep." ' And he said, " Lo, tit is yet high day, neither 18 ffreat. .^ . ^ ^. ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ Cattle sliould be gathered together ; water ye the sheep, and go and feed them." ^And they said, "We cannot, until all the flocks be gathered together, and till they roll the stone from the well's mouth ; then we water the sheep." dZx. 2. 16. ^ And while he yet spake with them, ''Rachel came with her father's sheep ; for she kept them. ^° And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother's brother, and the sheep of eEx. 2. 17. Laban his mother's brother, that Jacob went near, and 'rolled the stone from the well's mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother's /Ge. 33. 4. & 45. brother. '^ And Jacob -^kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and JcelTs. 8. & 14. wept. ^^ And Jacob told Rachel that he was ^her father's brother, and ''»' i^- that he was Rebekah's son ; ''and she ran and told her father. ^^ And • Heb^Lwn.r. it came to pass, when Laban heard the *tidings of Jacob his sister's tGe.24.29. " SOU, that 'he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and ^9%^'issi^5'i brought him to his house. And he told Laban all these things. ^'^ And & 19. la"; lb. ■ Laban said to him, " Surely -'thou art my bone and my flesh." And t^J; ° '"""'* "-^ he abode with him tihe space of a month. Section VI. — Residence of Jacob ivith Laban — Jacob's Family. • Ges. xxix. 15, to tlie end, and chap. xxx. Jacob covenanteth for Rachel. 23 He is deceived with Leah. 28 He marrieth also Rachel, and serveth for her seven years more. 32 Leah bearelh Reuben, 33 Simeon, 34. Levi, 35 and Jndah. — Chap. .xxx. 1 Rachel, in ^■ieffor her barrenness, ffiveth Bilhah her maid unto Jacob. 5 She beareth Dan and Naphtali. 9 Leah criveth Zilpah her maid, who beareth Gad and Asher. 14 Reuben findeth mandrakes, with which LeaJi bumth her husband of Rachel. 17 Leah beareth Is- SECT. VI. sachar.'Zebulim, and Dinah. 22 Rachel beareth Joseph. 25 Jacob desireth to depart. 21 La- ban staijeth him on a new covenant. 37 Jacob's policy, whereby he became rich. b'c.'S'.' ^^And Laban said unto Jacob, "Because thou art my brother, T. 1-53. shouldest thou therefore serve me for nought ? tell me, what shall thy Hales, 1916. ^y.^•^„Q^ bc ? " ^^ And Labau had two daughters : the name of the elder — "" was Leah, and the name of tiie younger was Rachel. ^'^ Leah was a Or, 3ore-eyefi, ^tender-eyed ; but Rachel was beautiful and well-favored. ^^ And Jacob or,^weak-eycd. ^^^^^ Rachcl ; aiid Said, " I "will serve tliee seven years for Rachel a^Ge^3i.4i.2Sa. tiiy yQun^er daughter." ^^And Laban said, "It is better that I give her "to thee, than that I should give her to another man : abide with b Ho. 12. 12. nie." 2" And Jacob ''served seven years for Rachel ; and they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her. 2' And Jacob said unto Laban, " Give me my wife, for my days are c Ju. 15. 1. fulhlled, that I may 'go in unto her." ^2 And Laban gathered together dju. 14. 10. John all the men of the place, and ''made a feast. -^ And it came to pass in ^' ^'^' the evening, that he took Leaii his daughter, and brought her to him ; and he went in unto her. -' And Laban save unto his daughter Leah I Heb. place. e Ju. 14. 12. Part IV.] MARRIAGE OF JACOB WITH LEAH AND RACHEL. lOl Zilpah his maid for a handmaid. ^'' And it came to pass, that in the morning, behold it was Leah ! and he said to Laban, " What is this thou haTt done unto me ? did not I serve with thee for Rachel ? where- fore then hast thou beguiled me?" -'^And Laban said, "It must not be so done in our Icountry, to give the younger before the firstborn. 27 Fulfil 'her week, and we will give thee this also for the service which thou shalt serve with me yet seven other years." ^^And Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week ; and he gave him Rachel his daughter to wife also. -^ And Laban gave to Rachel his daughter Bilhah his handmaid /De. 21. 15. tQ ]3g i^gj. maid. "'^ And he went in also unto Rachel, and he -^loved also gl^o.ji.u. Ho. j^j^^.}^gi j^ore than Leah, and served with him ^yet seven other years. A ps. 127.3. 31 And when the Lord ''saw tliat Leah was hated, he opened her *jhat is, see a ^^^^ . ^ut Rachcl was barren, ^s And Leah conceived, and bare a '"b. c. 1752. son, and she called his name *Reuben ; for she said, " Surely the "^^ ^^^^- Lord hath Hooked upon my affliction, now therefore my husband will B. c. ab. 1751. love me." ^^ And she conceived again, and bare a son ; and said, i E Js r&4 " Because the Lord hath heard that I was hated, he hath therefore given l'-'^'\t^m me this son also;" and she called his name tSimeon. ^4 And she 44- ■ ■ ■ conceived again, and bare a son ; and said, " Now this time will my ^- t: nse™' husband be joined unto me, because I have born him three sons ; " i'Th^t h,hecv,-ing therefore was his name called ILevi. ^sAnd she conceived again, and B.C. ab.i749. ^^^g ^ SOU : and she said, " Now will I praise the Lord ; " therefore tTh^t ",j^ned. she called his name *Judah ; and tleft bearing." See Nu. 18. 2,4. j ^^^ ^j^^^^ Rachcl saw that she bare Jacob no children, Gen. xxx. Ma^^'i.'a.^™"'' Rachel ^envied her sister ; and said unto Jacob, "Give me t Hcb. stood from ghiifji-gn, or clsc I dic." ~ And Jacob's anger was kindled against Rachel ; /jrbT2. 1 Co. and he skid, " Am "I in God's stead, who hath withheld from thee the 3. 3. Ja. 4. 5. ^^.^.^ ^^ ^j^^ ^^^j^^j p „ 3 And shc Said, " Behold my maid Bilhah, go in "iX ^^' "■ ^ ^''" unto her ; 'and she shall bear upon my knees, that I may also thave chil- i Go. 50. 23. Job ^j.gj^ i^y jjgj. „ 4 And she gave him Bilhah her handmaid '"to wife ; and b'. c." ab. 1748. Jacob wcut iu unto her. ^ And Bilhah conceived, and bare Jacob a son. hZ^Imi, 'And Rachel said, "God "hath judged me, and hath also heard my /ier!'' ' "'■ ^ voice, and hath given me a son ; therefore called she his name *Dan." m Ge. 35. 22. 7 ^^^^ Bilhah, Rachcl's maid, conceived again, and bare Jacob a second B. c. ab. 1747. gon. § And Rachel said, " With tgreat wrestlings have I wrestled with PsV2'&43. my sister, and I have prevailed;" and she called his name tNaphtali. . La. 3. .59. 9 ^hen Leah saw that she had left bearing, she took Zilpah her 'r^.s,pcdg- ^^^.^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ j^^^^ ^^ ^.^^_ ,,^^^ 2ilpah, Leah's maid, bare Cab. 1749. Jacob a son. ii And Leah said, " A troop cometh ; " and she called his name *Gad. ^^ And Zilpah, Leah's maid, bare Jacob a second son. B.aab.ms. 13 ^j^^ Lg^j^ g^-j^ "tHappy am I, for the daughters "will call me \ ueb. ^orestungs blcsscd ; " and she called his name tAsher. of God. Ge.23.6. ^4 ^^^ Reubcu wcut in the days of wheat harvest, and found man- Vm«4'.caiied, drakes in the field, and brought them unto his mother Leah. Then Ltt ''■'''''' Rachel said to Leah, " Give me, I pray thee, of thy son's mandrakes." *Thatis,afro«p, 15 And shc Said unto her, " Is it a small matter that thou hast taken ekiT'""""' '" my husband? and wouldest thou take away my son's mandrakes ^ii^h.hi^nyhap. j^^g^ V' And Rachcl said, "Therefore he shall lie with thee to-mght /pr3l.28.Lu. for thy son's mandrakes." ^''And Jacob came out of the field in the 1 tI!; is w, evening, and Leah went out to meet him, and said, " Thou must come in unto me ; for surely I have hired thee with my son s mandrakes. And he lay 'with her that night, i^ And God hearkened unto Leah, B. c. ab. 1747. and she conceived, and bare Jacob the fifth son. ^^ And Leah said, " God '^' ^^^'^' hath f^iven me my hire, because I have given my maiden to my hus- * That is «/.... ^^j^^jr,, ^^^^ gi^g g^llgfl i,ig name *Issachar. ^^And Leah conceived d bare Jacob the sixth son. ^o And Leah said, " God hath %ng. C T. C. 1746. again, an endued me with a good dowry ; now will my husband dwell with me .iGe. 26.24, 3,5. 102 RESIDENCE OF JACOB WITH LABAN. [Period II. ^Inf^cahtd'^' because I have born him si.x sons : " and she called his name IZebnlun. Mat. 4. 13, zab- 21 ^j^^j aftcrwards she bare a daughter, and called her name IDinah. B.C. 1745. "-And God remembered Rachel, and God hearkened to her, and B c 1743 opened her womb. ^^ And she conceived, and bare a son ; and said, f. 1745. ■ " God hath taken away my ''reproach." -•* And she called his name ^m^"*'"'-'"'^" * Joseph ; and said, " The Lord shall add to me another son." pisa.i. 6. Is. -5 And it came to pass, when Rachel had born Joseph, that Jacob *Th'ath, adding, ^^^^ ""^o Labau, " Send 'me away, that I may go '^unto mine own Ge. 35. 17. " place, and to my country. -^ Give me my wives and my children, for r Ge. 18. 33. & whom I havc served thee, and let me go ; for thou knowest my service 31. 55. ■ ■ which I have done thee," -^ And Laban said unto him, " I pray thee, if I have found favor in thine eyes, tarry ; for ^I have learned by experience that the Lord hath blessed me for thy sake." ^s^^d he said, " Appoint me thy wages, and I will give it." Mat.'ai 45. Tit'. ~^ And he said unto him, "Thou 'knowest how I have served thee, ^- ^"- and how thy cattle was with me. ^^ For it was little which thou hadst ^Mt'X1'.%. before I came, and it is now tincreased unto a multitude; and the tueh.atmyfooi. LoRD hath blcsscd thcc tsince my coming; and now when shall "I u 1 Tim. 5. 8. provide for mine own house also ? " ^i And he said, " What shall I give thee ? " And Jacob said, " Thou shall not give me any thing ; if thou wilt do this thing for me. I will again feed and keep thy flock. ^~I will pass through all thy flock to-day, removing from thence all the speckled and spotted cattle, and all the brown cattle among the sheep, and the Ge. 31. 8. spotted and speckled among the goats ; and "of such shall be my *Heb^Lm ^^^^' ^^^^ ^^^^^^ "my righteousness answer for me *in time to come, Ex. 13." iT"^"""' when it shall come for my hire before thy face ; every one that is not speckled and spotted among the goats, and brown among the sheep, that shall be counted stolen with me." ^^ And Laban said, " Behold, I would it might be according to thy word." ^^ And he removed that day the he goats that were ringstraked and spotted, and all the she goats that were speckled and spotted, and every one that had some white in it, and all the brown among the sheep, and gave them into the hand of his sons. '^^ And he set three days' journey betwixt himself and Jacob : and Jacob fed the rest of Laban's flocks. 1 See Go. 31. 9- 37 ^ ,-jfj -Jacob took him rods of green poplar, and of the hazel and chesnut tree ; and pilled white strakes in them, and made the white appear which was in the rods. ^^ And he set the rods which he had pilled before the flocks in the gutters in the watering troughs when the flocks came to drink, that they should conceive when they came to drink. ^^And the flocks conceived before the rods, and brought forth cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted. ''^ And Jacob did separate the lambs, and set the faces of the flocks toward the ringstraked, and all the brown in the flock of Laban ; and he put his own flocks by them- selves, and put them not unto Laban's cattle. ■*' And it came to ]^ass, whensoever the stronger cattle did conceive, that Jacob laid the rods before the eyes of the cattle in the gutters, that they might conceive among the rods. ^- But when the cattle were feeble, he put them not in ; so the feebler were J^aban's, and the stronger Jacob's. ^^And the man "increased exceedingly, and had much cattle, and maidservants, and menservants, and camels, and asses. Part IV.] JACOB LEAVES LABAN. 103 SECT. VII. A. M. 2265. B. C. 1739. Hales, 1902. Padan-aram. * Heb. yesterday and the day be- fore, I Sa. 19. 7. c Ge. 28. 15. 20, 21. & 32. 9.' e Nu. 14. 22. Ne. 4. 12. Job 19. 3. Ze. 8. 23. g Ge. 30. 32. tOr, he goats. AGe . 48. 16. (Ex. 3.7. jGe. 28. 18-20. feGe, . 32. 9. 7nGe.29. 15,27. X Heb. teraphim. Ge.35.2. Ju. 17. .■->. 1 Sa. 19. 1.3. lios. 3. 4. * Heb. the heart of Labaii. nGe.46.28.2Ki. 12. 17. Lu. 9. 51, 53. Ge. 13. 8. 5 Ge. 24. 50. t Heb. /rom good to bad. J Heb. hast stolen Section VII. — Jacob leaves Lahan — Their Covenant. Gen. XXXI. Jacob upon displeasure departetk secretly. 19 Rachel stealelh her father's images. 22 Laban pursu- eth after him, 26 and co/nplaineth of the icrong. 34 Rachel's policy to hide the images. 36 Jacob's complaint of Laban. 43 The covenant of Laban and Jacob at Galeed. ^ And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying, " Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's ; "and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this glory." ~ And Jacob beheld 'the coun- tenance of Laban, and, behold, it was not toward him as *before. ^ And the Lord said unto Jacob, " Return 'unto the land of thy fathers, and to thy kindred ; and I will be with thee." ^ And Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field unto his flock, ^and said unto them, '' I see your father's countenance, that it is not toward me as before ; but the God of my father hath been with me. ^ And "'ye know that with all my power I have served your father. ^ And 'your father hath deceived me, and changed my wages ten times ; -^but God sufl^ered him not to hurt me. ^If he said thus, "The speckled shall be thy wages ; then all the cattle bare speckled : and if he said thus, The ringstraked shall be thy hire ; then bare all the cattle ringstraked. 9 Thus God hath taken away the cattle of your father, and given them to me. ^^ And it came to pass at the time that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up mine eyes, and saw in a dream, and, behold, the trams which leaped upon the cattle were ringstraked, speckled, and grisled. ^^ And ''the Angel of God spake unto me in a dream, saying, ' Jacob : ' and I said, ' Here am L' ^^ And he said, ' Lift up now thine eyes, and see, all the rams which leap upon the cattle are ringstraked, speckled, and grisled ; for 'I have seen all that Laban doeth unto thee. ^^ I am the God of Beth-el, ^ where thou anointedst the pillar, and where thou vowedst a vow unto me ; now *arise, get thee out from this land, and return unto the land of thy kindred." ^'* And Rachel and Leah answered and said unto him, " Is 'there yet any portion or inheritance for us in our father's house ? ^^ Are we not counted of him strangers ? for "'he hath sold us, and hath quite devoured also our money. ^^ For all the riches which God hath taken from our father, that is ours, and our children's ; now then, whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do." ^~ Then Jacob rose up, and set his sons and his wives upon camels ; ^^ and he carried away all his cattle, and all his goods which he had got- ten, the cattle of his getting, which he had gotten in Padan-aram, for to go to Isaac his father in the land of Canaan. ^^ And Laban went to shear his sheep ; and Rachel had stolen the timages that were her father's. '^^ And Jacob stole away *unawares to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him not that he fled. ^^ So he fled with all that he had ; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and "set his face toward the Mount Gilead. 22 And it was told Laban on the third day that Jacob was fled. -^ And he took "his brethren with him, and pursued after him seven days' journey ; and they overtook him in the Mount Gilead. ^^ And God ''came to Laban the Syrian in a dream by night, and said unto him, " Take heed that thou 'speak not to Jacob teither good or bad." -^ Then Laban overtook Jacob. Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the mount ; and Laban witli his brethren pitched in the Mount of Gilead. ^'^And Laban said to Jacob, "What hast thou done, that thou hast stolen away unawares to me, and 'carried away my daugh- ters as captives taken with the sword ? ^^ Wherefore didst thou flee away secretly, and tsteal away from me ; and didst not tell me, that I might have sent thee away with mirth, and with songs, with tabret, and 104 JACOB'S COVENANT WITH LABAN. [Period IL */k; V'aoV '^i^l^ J^^'"?- ~^'-^"tl hast not suffered me 'to kiss my sons and my 20.37. ■ ■ "' daugliters? 'Thou hast now done foohshly in so doing. -Ht is in the '2 cil: le: 9.^' povver of my hand to do you hurt : but the "God of your father spake u^Ge/as. 13. unto me yesternight, saying, 'Take thou heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad.' ^"^ And now, though thou wouldest needs be gone, because thou sore longedst after thy father's house, yet V Ju. 18. 24. wherefore hast thou "stolen my gods ? " ^^ And Jacob answered and said to Laban, " Because I was afraid : for I said, Peradventure thou wouldest take by force thy daughters to See Ge. 44. 9. from 1116. ^^ With whomsoever thou findest thy gods, "let him not live : before our brethren discern thou what is thine with me, and take it to thee." For Jacob knew not that Rachel had stolen them. ^^ And Laban went into Jacob's tent, and into Leah's tent, and into the two maidservants' tents ; but he found them not. Then went he out of Leah's tent, and entered into Rachel's tent. '^^ Now Rachel had taken the images, and put them in the camel's furniture, and sat *He'../£i£. upo„ them. And Laban *searched all the tent, but found them not. =^ Ex_^2o. 12. Le. 35 ^„j ghe said to her father, "Let it not displease my lord that "I cannot rise up before thee ; for the custom of women is upon me." And he searched, but found not the images. '•^^ And Jacob was wroth, and chode with Laban : and Jacob an- swered and said to Laban, " What is my trespass ? what is my sin, that thou hast so hotly pursued after me ? ^"^ Whereas thou hast searched all my stuff, what hast thou found of all thy household stuff? set it here before my brethren and thy brethren, that they may judge betwixt us both. ^^ This twenty years have I been with thee ; thy ewes and thy she goats have not cast their young, and the rams of thy !,Ex.22. io,&c. flock have I not eaten. 39That^vhich was torn of beasts I brought 2 Ex. 22. 12. not unto thee ; I bare the loss of it ; ''of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day, or stolen by night, ^o Thus I was ; in the day the drought consumed me, and the frost by night ; and my sleep de- parted from mine eyes, ^i Thus have I been twenty years in thy house ; a Ge. 29. 27, 28. "I scrvcd thcc fourtecn years for thy two daughters, and six years for Ps. 124. 1,2. thy cattle ; and thou hast changed my wages ten times. "*- Except Hhe " ^^- God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Tear of Isaac, had 9. 32. Ex. bggn ^yiti^ inc, surely thou hadst sent me away now empty. "God hath e7ch.i2.i7. seen my affliction and the labor of my hands, and 'rebuked thee jude 9. yesternight." "^'•^ And Laban answered and said unto Jacob, " These daughters are my daughters, and these children are my children, and these cattle are my cattle, and all that thou seest is mine : and what can I do this day unto these my daughters, or unto their children which they have /Ge.2G.2s. bom ? '*'' Now therefore come thou, -^et us make a covenant, I and ^ See Jos. 24. 27. thou ; ^aud let it be for a witness betw^een me and thee." 7.SaeGe.28. 18. 4.5 ^n^j Jacob Hook a stouc, and set it up for a pillar. "^^ And Jacob said unto his bretiiren, " Gather stones ; " and they took stones and made a heap, and they did eat there upon the heap. "^^ And Laban tThati9,tA«w called it t Jegar-sahadutha ; but Jacob called it tGaleed. irhllZiheLp '' And Laban said, " This Uicap is a witness between me and thee ofwiu^s. Heb. ^j^jg ^.^y » Therefore was the name of it called Galeed ; '*'■' and *Miz- l^hatt, a^f-' pah ; for he said, '• The Lord watch between me and thee, when we f""'.r}.rn*on are absent one from another. ^^ If thou shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou shalt take other wives beside my daughters, no man is w^ith us : see, God is witness betwixt me and thee." ^^ And Laban said to Jacob, " Behold this heap, and behold this pillar, wliich I have cast betwixt me and thee ; ^~ this heap be witness, and this pillar be wit- ness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not cIs. 8. 13. dGe .Ju. a. 29, tower. 1 Sa. 7. 5. Part IV.] JOURNEY OF JACOB TO SUCCOTH. 105 pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm. ^^The God of j Ge. 16. 5. Abraham, and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, ^judge be- twixt us." And Jacob *sware by the Fear of his father Isaac. ^^Then Jacob f offered sacrifice upon the mount, and called his brethren to eat bread ; and they did eat bread, and tarried all night in the mount. ^^ And early in the morning Laban rose up, and kissed his sons and his daughters, and 'blessed them ; and Laban departed, and "'returned unto his place. k Ge. 21. 23. t Or, killed beasts 1 Ge. 28. 1. VI Ge. 18. 33. &; Section VIII. — Journey of Jacob to Succoth, after Jiis Covenant tcitk Laban. SECT. vni. Gen. xxxii. and xxxiii. 1-17. Jacob's visioji at Mahanaim. 3 His message to Esau. 6 He is afraid of Esau's comin^ Let my lord, ^orkfl-c.t'd' I pray thee, pass over before iiis servant : and I will lead on softly, according to tjie faccordiufT as the cattle that (joeth before me and the children be able font of the Chll- ,» ,^ ",, r-i-511^AlT-« -J dren. to cndurc, uutil I comc uuto uiy loid unto Seir." ^^And Esau said, tHeb.sre.or, u Lg^ ,^^g „f)„r llcavc with tlicc somc of the folk that are with me." /net wh^efore And he said, " *What needeth it ? "let me find grace in the sight of istA«? my lord." "15 So Esau returned that day on his way unto Seir. ^' And Jacob Part IV.] TRANSACTIONS AT SHALEM, OR SHECHEM. 107 V's rg'uo c"" journeyed to 'Succolh, and built him a house, and made booths for t Thhi is, booths, his cattle ; therefore the name of the place is called tSuccoth. ■ Section IX. — Transactions at Shalem, or Shechem. Onan. ^ And she yet again conceived, and bare a son ; and called his name tShelah : and he was at Chezib, when she bare him. /Ge. 30. 91 g Tit. 2. 5 Gen. xxxiii. 18, to the end, chap, xxxviii. 1-5, and chap, xxxiv. SECT. IX. Jacob arrives at Shalem. 19 He hiyeth a field, and buildeth an altar called El-elohe-Israel. — Chap, xxxviii. 1 Judah begetteth Er, Onan, and Shelah. — Chap, xxxiv. 1 Dinah is ravished by A. M. 2268. Shechem. 4 He sueth to marry hi-r. 13 The so7is of Jacob offer the condition of circumcision to B. C. 1736. the Shechemites. 20 Hamor and Shechem persuade them to accept it. 25 The sons of Jacob upon that advantage slay them, 27 ami spoil their city. 30 Jacob reprovelh Si?neon and Levi. r , T"^ ^^ And Jacob came to "Shalem a city of *Shechem, which is in the his death was an his stcad : and the name of his city was rau ; and liis wite s name anstocracy, Lx. ^^^^^ Mehctabcl, tlic daughter of Hatred, the daughter of Mezahab. A. ^\.^.^m to 40 And these are the names of "the dukes that came of Esau, accord- B. c. ab. 1533 to ing to their families, after their |:)laccs, by their names ; duke Timnah, «)Ch.'h5i. duke tAlvah, duke Jetheth. ''^ duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke xor, Aiiah.' Pinon, "I'-duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar, ^^duke Magdiel, duke Iram : these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations • iieb. Kdom. i,j tije i;^n Ge. 42. 13, 36. o, . , { , \ , , i i -n i i ■ i /- i i je. 31. 15. -^-/ind they took Josephs coat, and killed a kid ot the goats, and dipped the coat in the blood ; ^~ and they sent the coat of many colors, and they brought it to their father ; and said, " This have we found: know now whether it be thy son's coat or no." ^-^And lie toGe. 44. £8. kncw it, and said, "It is my son's coat; an evil "beast hath devoured him ; Joseph is without doubt rent in pieces." ^^ And Jacob rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his loins, and mourned for his son x^Sa.\=i.v7.io\) many days. -^^And all his sons and all his daughters "^rose up to com- 7/Ge.42.38.& fort him; but he refused to be comforted ; and he said, "For "I will 44.29,31. go down into the grave unto my son mourning." Thus his father \uuhe word' wept for him. ^^^Atid the Midianitcs sold him into Egypt unto Poti- on!'' cim'»^fo"but ph^-'' ^" ^'officer of Pharaoh's and tcaptain of the guard. w^s'^'ZlTr ^ "^ Joseph was brought down to Egypt ; and Potiphar, Gex. xxxix. and yyicejs. eJi. au officcr of Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyptian, ^'vM^. chief of the ^^o'^g^^t liiui of tlic hauds of the Ishmeelites, which had brought him siaugiiicrmen,oT, down thithcr. ~ And ""the Lord was with Joseph, and hev/asa prospcr- executioiwrs, or, , , • i i c i ■ i t-i • *? A i chief marshal, ous luau ; and he was in the house oi his master the Lgyptian. -^ And ^sTi.^bf bir&ls ^i^ master saw that the Lord was with him, and that the Lord "made all fe'isM'-^a'Ac *^^^^ '^^ ^^'^ *° prosper in his hand. "^ And Joseph ''found grace in his 7. 9." '" ■ ■ sight, and he served him ; and he made him "overseer over his house, J Ge ^8^3 & 10 ^""^ ^'^ ^^'^^ ^^® '^^^ ^^^ P"t into his hand. ^ And it came to pass from the 19." ' * " time that he had made him overseer in his house, and over all that dGe 30 27 he had, that ''the Lord blessed the Egyptian's house for Joseph's eisa. 16. 12. sakc ; and the blessing of the Lord was upon all that he had in the house, and in the field. '' And he left all that he had in Joseph's hand ; and he knew not auglit he had, save the bread which he did eat. — - ' And Joseph "was a goodly person, and well-favored. A. fli. 2230. B. c. 1718. Section II.— The Family of Jtidah. Canaan. Gen. xxxviii. 6, to the cud. — '^ And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was "■fCw^' ^"' ^"' Tamar. "And "Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Part V.] THE FAMILY OF JUDAH. 113 * Heb. was evil in the eyes oftlie LORD. ' eGe. 4(i. 1-2. Nu. 26. 19. /Ru. 1. 13. g Le. 22. 13. \ Heb. the days were multiplied. ft2Sa. 13.39. J Heb. the door of eiies, or, of Ena- jim. Pr. 7. 12. * Heb. a kid of the goats. Ez. 16. f Or, in Eiiajii t Heb. become a contempt. j Ju. 19. 2. I Ge. 37. 32, 33. 7K 1 ga. 24. 17 K Job 34. 31, c * Or, IFherefore hast thou made this breach against thee 7 i That is, abreach. Ge. 46. 12. Nu. 26. 20. 1 Ch. 2. 4. Wat. 1. 3. Lord ; ''and the Lord slew him. ^ And Judah said unto Onan, " Go in unto 'thy brother's wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother." ^ And Onan knew that the seed should not be "^his ; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother. ^^ And the thing which he did *displeascd the Lord ; wherefore he slew 'him also. 11 Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law, " Remain -^a widow at thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown ; " for he said, " Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren (/?(?." And Ta- mar went and 'dwelt in her father's house. 12 And fin process of time the daughter of Shuah, Judah's wife, died ; and Judah ''was comforted, and went up unto his sheepshearers to Timnath, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. ^^ And it was told Tamar, saying, " Behold, thy father-in-law goeth up 'to Timnath to shear his sheep." ^^ And she put her widow's garments off from her, and covered her with a veil, and wrapped herself, and sat in tan open place, which is by the way to Timnath ; for she saw that Shelah was grown, and she was not given unto him to wife. ^^ When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot ; because she had covered her face. ^^ And he turned unto her by the way, and said, " Go to, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee ; " (for he knew not that she was his daughter-in-law). And she said, " What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me ? " ^'^ And he said, " I will send thee *a kid from the flock." And she said, " Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it ? " ^^ And he said, " What pledge shall I give thee ? " And she said, " Thy signet, and thy bracelets, and thy staff that is in thy hand." And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him. ^^ And she arose, and went away, and laid by her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood. ^° And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman's hand ; but he found her not. ^^ Then he asked the men of that place, saying, " Where is the harlot, that was topenly by the way side? " And they said, "There was no harlot in this place." ^^ And he returned to Judah, and said, '' I cannot find her ; and also the men of the place said, that there was no harlot in this place." 23 And Judah said, " Let her take it to her, lest we tbe shamed ; behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her! " 24 And it came to pass about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, " Tamar thy daughter-in-law ^hath played the harlot ; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom." And Judah said, '■' Bring her forth, and *^let her be burnt." ^5 When she was brought forth, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, " By the man, whose these are, am I with child : " and she said, " Discern, 'I pray thee, whose are these, the signet, and bracelets, and staff." ^^ And Judah acknowl- edged them, and said, " She ""hath been more righteous than I ; be- cause that I gave her not to Shelah my son." "And he knew her again no more. 2''' And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. ~^ And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand ; and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, " This came out first." 2^ And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out ; and she said, " *How hast thou broken forth ? this breach be upon thee ; " therefore his name was called tPharez. 2° And afterward came out his brother, that had the scarlet thread upon his hand ; and his name was called Zarah. 15 114 . IMPRISONMENT OF JOSEPH. [Period II. Section III. — Imprisonment of Joieph — He interprets the Dreams of his Fellow-prison ers . ^, Gen. xxxix. 7, to the end, and chap. xl. SRPT III > f r A. M. 2M6. B. C. 1718. 13. P3.51.4. Joseph resisteth his mistress's temptation. 13 He is falsely accused. 20 He is cast into prison. 21 God is tcith him tliere. — Chap. xl. The hutler and baker of Pharaoh in prison. 4 Joseph hath cliarge ofOiem. 5 He inierpreteth their dreams. 20 Theij come to pass according to his inter- pretation. 23 The ingratitude of the butler. Egypt. "^ And it came to pass after these things, that his master's wife cast „„ her eyes upon Joseph ; and she said, "Lie "with me." ® But he refused, aSSa. 13. 11. j -j . i- x 5 •/• .Wi ii i i and said unto his master s wile, '• Behold, my master wotteth not what is with me in the house, and he hath committed all that he hath to my hand ; ^ there is none greater in this house than I ; neither hath he kept any thing back from me but thee, because thou art his wife : cGe 20^'l ^^^^^^ then can I do this great wickedness, 'and sin against God?" 6. 2. 2 sa.' 12.' ^^ And it came to pass, as she spake to Joseph day by day, that he hearkened not unto her, to lie by her, or to be with her. ^^ And it came to pass about this time, that Joseph went into the house to do his business ; and there was none of the men of the house there o paaneah ; and he gave him to wife Asenath the daughter of Poti- 26. pherah tpriest of On. And Joseph went out over all the land of Egypt. A. M. ab B. C. ab. 1715, Section VI. — Tlie Famine in Egypt, and first Journey of the Brothers of Joseph to buy Corn. Gen. xli. 46, to the end, and chap. xlii. T. 1707. Joseph collects all the corn in the seven plenteous years. 50 He begetteth Manasseh and Ephraim. 54 The famine beginneth. — Chap. xlii. 1 Jacob sendeth his ten sons to buy corn in Egypt. 16 j,^ They are imprisoned by Joseph for spies. 18 They are set at liberty, on condition to bi-ing Ben- °^^ " jamin. IX TJiey have remorse for Joseph. '2.^ Simeon is kept for a pledge. 25 They returnioith corn, and their ?tioney. 29 Their relation to Jacob. 36 Jacob refuseth to send Beiijamin. 2 1 sa. 16. 21. ^^ And Joseph was thirty years old when he "stood before Pharaoh 6,^'.' Pr .^21^29! king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, Du. 1.5, 19. a^jjfj ^gjjt throughout all the land of Egypt. ^" And in the seven plen- teous years the earth brought forth by handfuls. '^^ And he gathered up all the food of the seven years, which were in the land of Egypt, and laid up the food in the cities ; the food in the field, which was round about every city, laid he up in the same. ""^ And Joseph gathered corn ''as the sand of the sea, very much, until he left numbering ; for it was b Ge. 22. 17. Ju. 7. 12. 1 Sa. 13. 5. Ps. 78. 27. without uumber. c Ge. 48. 5, Ge. 46. 20. & 50 ^j^fj ""uuto Joscph wcrc bom two sons before the years of famine * Or, priitce, ver. camc, which Asenath the daughter of Poti-pherah Spriest of On bare B c b ri--> ^"^*^ '^™" ^' ^"^ Joseph called the name of the firstborn f Manasseh ; t That is, /or/et- ''' For God," Said he, " hath made me forget all my toil, and all my b"c ab 1711 father's house." ^^ And the name of the second called he tEphraim ; t That h, fruit- " For God hath caused me to be "^fruitful in the land of my afiliction." dG 49 •>! ^^ "^"^ *^''® seven years of plenteousness that was in the land of Egypt B.C. 1708. were ended. ^'* And "the seven years of dearth began to come, accord- e Pa. 105. 16. ing as Joseph had said ; and the dearth was in all lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. ^^' And when all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread; and Pharaoh said unto all the Egyptians, " Go unto Joseph, what he saith to you, do." ^^ And * Heb. all where- i\^q fa.'iiine was ovcr all the face of the earth ; and Joseph opened all the 271 was. Ge. 47. " * * 14,24. storehouses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine waxed sore /De. 9. 28. ij^ thg land of Egypt. ^^ And -^all countries came into Egypt to Joseph for to buy corn ; because that t!ie famine was so sore in all lands. 118 THE FAMINE IN EGYPT. [Period II g Ac. 7. 12. 1 p^Tq^ when 'Jacob saw that there was corn in Egypt, Gen. xlii. Jacob said unto his sons, " Why do ye look one upon aaother ? " ^ And he said, " Behold, I have heard that there is corn in Egypt ; get you down thither, and buy for us from thence, that Mi'^'n' Is 38' ^^ ''may live, and not die." 1- ' ^And Joseph's ten brethren went down to buy corn in Egypt. ^But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob sent not with his brethren ; for he said, '• Lest peradventure mischief befall him." ^ And the sons of Israel i Acts 7. 11. came to buy corn among those that came ; for the famine was 'in the land of Canaan. ^ And Joseph was the governor over the land, and he it was that sold to all the people of the land ; and Joseph's brethren j Ge. 37. 7. came, and ^bowed down themselves before him with their faces to the earth. '^ And Joseph saw his brethren, and he knew them, but made ^neh.iiard things himsclf straugc unto them, and spake troughly unto them: and he said unto them, " Whence come ye ? " And they said, " From the land of Canaan to buy food." ^And Joseph knew his brethren, but they A:Ge.37.5,9. kucw not him. '^And Joseph ^remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said unto them, " Ye are spies ! to see the nakedness of the land ye are come." ^'^ And they said unto him, " Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come. ^^ We are all one man's sons ; we are true men, thy servants are no spies." ^^And he said unto them, "Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come." ^^ And they said, " Thy servants are twelve breth- ren, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan ; and, behold, the I Ge. 37. 30. & youugest is this day with our father, and one 'is not." ^'* And Joseph 44. -20. La. 5. 7. ^^.^ ^^^^^^ thciii, " That is it that I spake unto you, saying, ' Ye are spies :' '26^&i7.55.'jud. ^^ hereby ye shall be proved. '"By the life of Pharaoh ye shall not go 11.7. forth hence, except your youngest brother come hither! ^"^ Send one t Heb. bound. q{ you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be tkept in prison, that your words may be proved, whether there be any truth in you ; * Heh. gatfiered. or clsc by the life of Pharaoh surely ye are spies." I'^And he *put them all together into ward three days. ^^And Joseph said unto them »^Lev.^25. 43. the third day, "This do, and live; "for I fear God. ^^If ye be true men, let one of your brethren be bound in the house of your prison : OgGe. 43.5.&44. go ye, carry corn for the famine of your houses; ^^^ but "bring your a i.e. they allow- youugest brothcr unto me, so shall your words be verified, and ye shall ^iTer V'Z not die." And they did so.^ hound—Ed. 21 ^,-,(1 ti^ey gaid one to another, " We ^are verily guilty concerning ^Hos. 5. 15.' ' our brother, in that we saw the anguish of his soul, when he besought g Pr.21.13. Mat. US, and wc would uot hear ; 'therefore is this distress come upon us." r^Ge 37 21 ^^ ^^^ Rcubcn auswcrcd them, saying, " Spake T not unto you, saying, 'Do not sin against the child ; ' and ye would not hear ? therefore, jGe.9. 5. 1 Ki. behold, also his blood is "required." ^^And they knew not that Joseph 22.^ F3. 9. 12. ■ understood them ; for the spake unto them by an interpreter. -■* And UM> ^aa'uur- '^*^ tumcd hiinsclf about from them, and wept ; and returned to them pretei- was be- again, and communed with them, and took from them Simeon, and bound liim beiore their eyes. ^^Then Joseph commanded to fill their sacks with corn, and to restore every man's money into his sack, and to give them provision ^ ^j^\y%o\i^°' ^^^' ^'^^ ^'^y= '^"^ thus did he unto them, ^e And they laded their asses ttSeoGe.k'ai. with the corn and departed thence. ^^And "as one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in the inn, he espied his money ; for, behold, it was in his sack's mouth! ~^ And he said unto his brethren, " My money is restored ; and, lo, it is even in my sack ! " And their t Hei). went forth, heart tfailed them, and they were afraid, saying one to another, " What is this that God liath done unto us ? " 2" And they came unto Jacob their Hither unto the land of Canaan, IartV.] JOSEPH maketh himself known to his brethren. ii» and told him all that befell unto them ; saying, ^° " The man, who is * Heb. wuh us ti^g |^„.(j of the land, spake *roughly to us, and took us for spies of the hard tiuugs. ^Qjjj^^j.^^ 31 ^j^jj ^6 Said unto him, ' We are true men ; we are no spies : ^- we be twelve brethren, sons of our father ; one is not, and the youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan.' 33 And the man, the lord of the country, said unto us, ' Hereby shall I know that ye are true men ; leave one of your brethren here with me, and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone. ^^ And brino- your youngest brother unto me ; then shall 1 know that ye are no spies, but that ye are true men : so will I deliver you your brother, V Ge. 34. 10. and ye shall "traffick in the land.' " 3^ And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks, that, behold, w See Ge. 43.21. "'everv mau's bundle of money was in his sack! and when both they and their father saw the bundles of money, they were afraid, ^e And xGe.43.14. Jacob their father said unto them, " Me have ye "bereaved of my children : Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and ye will take Benjamni away : all these things are against me ! " ^'' And Reuben spake unto his father, saying, '• Slay my two sons, if I bring him not to thee ; deliver him into my hand, and I will bring him to thee again." ^8 And y Ge. 37. 33. & j^g gaij, " My SOU shall not go down with you, for ^his brother is dead, ^V^7. 35 & and he is left alone ; ''if mischief befall him by the way in the which ye 44. -29, 31. ^[jgj^ gl^j^ll yg |3,.ij^g jo^„ niy gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. C. 170 a Ge. 41. 54, 57. Section Yll.— Second Descent of the Brethren of Joseph into Egypt— He T. VII. maketh himself known to them. M. -2298. Gen. xliii., xliv., and xlv. Jacob is hardly persnaded to send Benjamin. 15 Joseph erUertaineth Ms brethren ^IH^M them a feast — Chap xliv. 1 His policy to stay his brethren. 14 Jndah s humble supplication to tepl-^-CM^p.W I Joseph maketh fnmselfino,cn to his brethren. 5 He comforteth them rn Sols providence. 9 He sendeth for his father. 16 Pharaoh conjirmeth U. 21 Joseph furnrsh- eth them for their journey, and exhorteth them to concord. 25 Jacob is revived with the news. 1 And the famine was ''sore in the land. ^ And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto them, " Go again, buy us a little food." * Heb. protesting 3 /^j^j Judah spakc uuto him, saying, " The man *did solemnly /Gelo^o protest unto us, saying, ' Ye shall not see my face, except your ^brother be with you.' ^ If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food : ^ but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down : ■ for the man said unto us, ' Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with vou.' " '> And Israel said, " Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man whether ye had yet a brother i t Heb. asking 7 ^j-j^j they Said, " The man tasked us straitly of our state, and of our """"''"■ kindred, saying, ' Is your father yet alive ? have ye another brother? ' X ueh.moiah. and we told him according to the ttenor of these words: "= could we certainly know that he would say, Bring your brother down? " ^ And Judah said unto Israel his father, " Send tiie lad with me, and we will arise and go ; that we mav live, and not die, both we, and thou, and also our little ones. « I will be surety for him, of my hand shalt thou c Phiiem. 18, 19. rcQuire him ; "^if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear the blame for ever: ^^ for except we had hngered, tor,ti.icebyt!^. surcly HOW wc had returned tthis second time." ^^ And their fatxicr Israel said unto them, " If it must be so now, do this ; take of the d See Ge. 3?. 20. ^gst fruits iu thc land in your vessels, and -^carry down the man a foeHi^Ls.. present, a little ^alm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and ^•■^^- almonds. ^^ And take double money in your hand ; and the money /Ge. 42. 25, 35. /t^at was brought again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your hand ; peradventure it was an oversight. '^ Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man; ^^ and God Almighty give you Heb. knowing could we know ? 120 JOSEPH MAKETH HIMSELF KNOWN TO HIS BRETHREN. [Period II. mercy before the man, that he may send away your other brother, ^^l'e'b!rJ's-t^ ^^'^ Benjamin : tif I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved ! " Est. 4. 16. 15 ^,^^1 i^j^g jj^g,-, ^Q,^]^ ^jjg^^ present, and they took double money in their hand, and Benjamin ; and rose up, and went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph. ^^ And when Joseph saw Benjamin with ^seeGe. 24. 2. ^ijgfn^ \^q g^[f{ to ^thc ruler of his house, '• Bring these men home, and * Heh. hill a kiu- *slay, and make ready; for these men shall tdine with me at noon." nf' "*■ ■ ^"^ And the man did as Joseph bade ; and the man brought the men t Heb. eat. into Joseph's house. ^^ And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph's house ; and they said, " Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at the first time are we brought in ; t Heb. roll himself ^j^^t hc may tscck occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us upon us, Job 30. •' , i n • i 14. lor bondmen, and our asses, i^ And they came near to the steward of Joseph's house, and they communed with him at the door of the * Heb. comivg housc, "''and said, '• O sir ! *we came indeed down at the first time down we came t r i oi a i h- i i ■ i down.Ge. 42.3, to buy tood. ~' And It came to pass, when we came to the mn, that , / .^ o- o- we opened our sacks, and, behold, every man's money was in the mouth oi his sack, our money in lull weight ! and we have brouglit it again in our hand. ~~ And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food : we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks." ^^ And he said, " Peace be to you, fear not ! your God, and \ Heb. your moni-y jj^g Qq^j ^f yQ^j. father, hath ffivcu you treasure in your sacks : tl had your money." And he brought Simeon out unto them. ~^ And the Ge. 18. 4. &24. man brought the men into Joseph's house, and 'gave them water, and they washed their feet ; and he gave their asses provender. ^° And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon ; for they heard that they should eat bread there. ^^And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present jGe. 37. 7, 10. which was in their hand into the house, and ^bowed themselves to J Heb. peace. Ge. him to the carth. '^''' And he asked them of their Uvelfare, and said, * Heb. u there " *Is your father well, the old man of whom ye spake? Is he yet /S-'?gT42. alive?" -^ And they answered, " Thy servant our father is in good 11. '3. health, he is yet alive." *And they bowed down their heads, and made fcGe.37. 7, 10. obeisancc. ^^ And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, 'his mother's son, and said, " Is this your younger brother, '"of whom ye spake unto me?" And he said, "God be gracious unto thee, my niKi. 3. 26. son ! " ^^ And Joseph made haste, for "his bowels did yearn unto his brother ; and he sought where to weep, and he entered into his cham- oGe. 42.24. ber, and "wept there. ^^ And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, " Set on bread." ^- And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for the Egyptians, wiiich did eat with him, by themselves ; because the Egyptians might p Go. 4(i. 34. Ex. not eat bread with the Hebrews, for that is ^an abomination unto the Egyptians. •'^ And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth ; and the men marvelled one at another. ^^And he took and sent messes unto them from before him ; but Benjamin's mess was five times so much as any ^"/w/'^see ^^ theirs. And they drank, and twerc merry with him. H^.i.'6.Joim ^ And he commanded Jthe steward of his house, saying. Gen. xliv. 32. I Ge. 35. 17, m Ge. 42. 13, was orcr his hou-ic, t iieb. wimthat " Fill thc mcu's sacks with food, as much as they can carry, and put every man's money in his sack's mouth. -And put my cup, the .silver cup, in the sack's mouth of the youngest, and his corn money." And he did according to the word that Joseph had spoken. ^ As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away, they and their asses. '' And when they were gone out of the city, and not yet far off, Joseph said unto his steward, " Up ! follow after the men ; and when thou dost overtake them, say unto them. Wherefore have Part V.] JOSEPH MAKETH HIMSELF KNOWN TO HIS BRETHREN. 121 ye rewarded evil for good ? ^ Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, *ver'T5*^'*'"'''' ^^^ whereby indeed he *divineth ? ye have done evil in so doing." 6 ^j^(j ]^g overtook them, and he spake unto them these same words. ■^ And they said mito him, " Wherefore saith my lord these words? God forbid that thy servants should do according to this thing. ^ Be- jGe. 43. 21. hold, 'the moucy, which we found in our sacks' mouths, we brought again unto thee out of the land of Canaan ; how then should we steal out of thy lord's house silver or gold ? ^ With whomsoever vGe. 31.3-3. of thy scrvauts it be found, 'both let him die, and we also will be my lord's bondmen." ^^ And he said, " Now also let it be according unto your words ; he with whom it is found shall be my servant, and ye shall be blameless." ^^ Then they speedily took down every man his sack to the ground, and opened every man his sack. ^^ And he searched, and began" at the eldest, and left at the youngest: and the cup ^nu.'m." 6.^-2 Iv was found in Benjamin's sack. ^^^ Then they 'rent their clothes, and 1- ^1- laded every man his ass, and returned to the city. ^"^ And Judah and his brethren came to Joseph's house, for he was fGe.37. 7. yet there ; and 'they fell before him on the ground. ^^And Joseph said unto them, " What deed is this that ye have done ? wot ye not ^ot, make trial, that such a man as I can certainly tdivine ? " ^"^ And Judah said, cj W^hat shall we say unto my lord? what shall we speak? or how shall we clear ourselves ? God hath found out the iniquity of thy ser- vants ; behold, we are my lord's servants, both we, and he also with whom the cup is found." ^^ And he said, " God forbid that I should do so : but the man in whose hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant ; and as for you, get you up in peace unto your father." ^^ Then Judah came near unto him, and said, " Oh my lord ! let K Ge. 18. 30, 32. thy scrvaut, I pray thee, speak a word in my lord's ears, and "let not thine anger burn against thy servant ; for thou art even as Pharaoh. ^^ My lord asked his servants, saying, ' Have ye a father, or a brother ? ' j)Ge.37.3. 20 ^j^^j ^g gj^i^j yj^^o ^y \QYf\^ « \\re have a father, an old man, and "a child of his old age, a little one ; and his brother is dead, and he alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him.' ^^ And thou saidst M Ge. 42. 15, 20. uuto thy servauts, ' Bring '"him dowu uuto me, that I may set mine eyes upon him.' ^~ And we said unto my lord, ' The lad cannot leave his father, for if he should leave his father, his father would die.' ^^ And thou saidst unto thy servants, ' Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.' ^"^ And it came to pass when we came up unto thy servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. ^^ And our father said, ' Go again, and buy us a little food.' ~^' And we said, ' We cannot go down : if our youngest brother be with us, then will we go down ; for we may not see the man's face, except our youngest brother be with us.' -^ And thy ser- X Ge. 4(5. 19. vaut my father said unto us, ' Ye know that ""my wife bare me two y Ge. 37. 33. sons ; ~^ aud the one went out from me, and I said. Surely ^he is torn 1 Ge. 42. 36, 38. Jq pieccs : and I saw him not since. ~'^ And if ye 'take this also from me, and mischief befall him, he shall bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. ^'^ Now therefore when I come to thy servant my oisa. 18. 1. father, and the lad be not with us, (seeing that "his life is bound up in the lad's Ufe), ^Mt shall come to pass, when he seeth that the lad is not with us, that he will die ; and thy servants shall bring down the gray hairs of thy servant our father with sorrow to the grave. ^^ For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, ' If I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father for jEx. 32. 32. ever.' ^^ Now therefore, I pray thee, Met thy servant abide instead of the lad a bondman to my lord ; and let the lad go up with his breth- ren. 3^ For how shall I go up to my father, and the lad be not with VOL. I. 16 K 122 JOSEPH MAKETH fflMSELP KNOWN TO HIS BRETHREN. [Period If. i Heb. Jind my father. Ex. 18. 8. Job 31. 29. Pg. 116. 3. & 119. 143. * Heb. gave forth his voice in weep- ing. Nu. 14. 1. c Ac. 7. 13. t Or, terrified. Job 4. 5. & 23. 13. Alat. 14. 26. d Ge. 37. 28. X Heb. neither let tliere be anger ia your eyes. Is. 40. 2. 2 Co. 2. 7. e Ge. 50. 20. Ps. 105. 16, 17. See 2 Sa. 16. 10, 11. * Heb. to pxdfuT you a remnant. /Ge. 41. 43. Ju. 17. 10. Job 29. 16. g Ge. 47. 1. f Heb. was good in the eyes of Pharao/i.Ge. 41. X Heb. let not your eyes spare. \ Heb. carrying. X Heb. his. Job 29. 24. F8. )2f.. 1. Lu.24. 11,41. me ? lest peradventure I see the evil tliat shall tconie on my father." ^ Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that Ge.n-. xlv. stood by him ; and he cried, " Cause every man to go out from me." Ajid there stood no man with him while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren. - And he *wept aloud ; and the Egyptians and the house of Pharaoh heard. ^ And Joseph said unto his brethren, " I 'am Joseph ; doth my father yet live ? " And his brethren could not answer liim ; for they were ttroubled at his presence. ^ And Joseph said unto his brethren, '•' Come near to me, I pray you." And they came near. And he said, " I am Joseph your brotlier, ''whom ye sold into Egypt. ^ Now therefore be not grieved, tnor angry with yourselves, that ye sold me hither ; 'for God did .send me before you to preserve life. ^ For these two years hath the famine been in the land ; and yet there are five years, in the which there shall neither be earing nor harvest. '''And God sent me before you *to preserve you a posterity in the earth, and to save your lives by a great deliverance. ^ So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God ; and he hath made me -^a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt. ^ Haste ye, and go up to my father, and say unto him, Thus saitii thy son Joseph, God hath made me lord of all Egypt ; come down unto me, tarry not, i^and ""thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near unto me, thou, and thy children, and thy children's children, and thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast, ^' and there will I nourish thee, (for yet there are five years of famine,) lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty. ^'^ And, behold, your eyes see, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that it is ''my mouth that speaketh unto you. ^^ And ye shall tell my father of all my glory in Egypt, and of all that ye have seen; and ye shall haste and 'bring down my father hither." ^^ And he fell upon his brother Benjamin's neck, and wept ; and Ben- jamin wept upon his neck. ^= Moreover he kissed all his brethren, and wept upon them ; and after that his brethren talked with him. ^^ And the fame thereof was heard in Pharaoh's house, saying, " Joseph's brethren are come ; " and it tpleased Pharaoh well, and his servants. ''^ And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, " Say unto thy brethren, This do ye ; lade your beasts, and go, get you unto the land of Canaan, ^^and take your father and your households, and come unto me; and I will give you the good of the land of Egypt, and ye shall eat •'the fat of the land. ^^ Now thou art commanded, this do ye; take you wagons out of the land of Egypt for your little ones, and for your wives, and bring your father, and come. ~" Also tregard not your stuff; for the good of all the land of Egypt is yours." -^ And the children of Israel did so : and Joseph gave them wagons, according to the *commandment of Pharaoli, and gave them provision for the way. '-' To all of them he gave each man changes of raiment ; but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver, and *five changes of raiment. --'And to his father he sent after this manner; ten asses fladen with the good things of Egypt, and ten she asses laden Avith corn and bread and meat for his father by the way. ^'' So he sent his brethren away, and they departed ; and he said unto them, " See that ye fall not out by the way." -■' And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of Canaan unto Jacob their father, ^^and told him, saying, '-Joseph is yet alive, and he is governor over all the land of Egypt ! " And IJacob's heart fainted, for he believed them not. -"And they told him all tlie words of Joseph, which he had said unto them ; and when he saw the wag- P^RT v.] JOURNEY OF JACOB INTO EGYPT WITH HIS FAMILY. 123 ons which Joseph liad sent to carry him, the spirit of Jacob their father revived. -"^ And Israel said, " It is enough, Joseph my son is yet alive; I will go and see him before I die." SECT. VIII. A. M. 2388. B. C. 1706. Males, 1863. Canaan. cGe. 21. 31, 33. & 28. 10. b Go. 2t;. 24, 25. & 31. 42. c See Ge. 15. 1. d Ge. 28. 13. e See Ge. 12. 2. /Ge. 28. 15.&;48. 21. g Ge. 15. 16. & .-.0. 13, 24, 25. Ex.3. 8. h Ge. 50. 1. eAc. 7. 15. j Ge. 45. I'J, 21. k De. 26. 5. Jos. 24. 4. Ps. 105. 23. Is. 52. 4. ZEx. 1.1.&6. 14. mNu.26.5. ICh. 5. 1. n Ex. 6. 15. 1 Ch. 4.24. * Or, JVemuel. t Or, Jarib. X Or, Zera!i, 1 Ch. 4. 24. o 1 Ch. 6. 1, 16. * Or, Gcrshom. p 1 Ch. 2. 3. & 4. 21. 9 Ge. 38. 3, 7, 10. rGe.38.29. ICh. 2.5. s ] Ch. 7. 1. t Or, Puah, and Ja.thuh. t Nu. 26. 15, &c. Zeplwn. X Or, Oini. * Or, jJrofZ. u 1 Ch. 7. 30. V Ge. 30. 10. IB Ge. 29. 24. X Ge. 44. 27. V Ge. 41. 50. 1 1 Chron. 7. 6. &8. 1. a Numb. 26. 38, Jihiram. ] Ch. 8. 1, Jllinrah. b Numb. 26. 39, Shupham. 1 Chr. 7. 12, Shuppim. t Hupham. Nu. 21'. 39. e ICh. 7. 12. * Or, Shuliam, Num. 26. 42. d 1 Ch. 7. 13. e Ge. 30. 5, 7. / Ge. 29. 29, Sect. VII. Journey of Jacob into Egypt tvith his family. Gen. xlvi. 1-7, xxxvii. beginning ofver. 2, xlvi. 8, to the end, and xlvii. 1-12. Jacob is comforted by God at Beer-sheba. 5 Thence he with his company goeih into Egypt. 8 The number of his family that went into Egypt. 28 Joseph nieeteth Jacob. 31 He instructeth his brethren how to ansiver Pharaoh. — Chap, xlvii. 1 Joseph presenteth five of his brethren, 7 and his father, before Pharaoh. II He giveth them habitation and maintenance. ^ And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to "Beer-sheba, and offered sacrifices Hinto the God of his father Isaac. ^ And God spake unto Israel 'in the visions of the night, and said, " Jacob ! Jacob ! " And he said, " Here am I." ^ And he said, " I am God, ''the God of thy father ; fear not to go down into Egypt, for I will there 'make of thee a great nation. '^ I -^will go down with thee into Egypt, and I will also surely "'bring thee up again ; and ''Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes." ^ And 'Jacob rose up from Beer-sheba ; and the sons of Israel carried Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons ^which Pharaoh had sent to carry him. ^ And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, '^ Jacob, and all his seed with him ; his sons, and his sons' sons with him, his daughters, and his sons' daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt, ^ These are the generations of Jacob, ^ and 'these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt, Jacob and his sons : "Reuben, Jacob's firstborn. ^And the sons of Reuben; Hanoch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and Carmi, ^'^ And "the sons of Simeon ; *Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and tJachin, and tZohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman. ^^ And the sons of "Levi ; *Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. 12 And the sons of ^Judah ; Er, and Onan,and Shelah, and Pharez, and Zarah : but 'Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And ''the sons of Pharez were Hezron and Hamul. i^And 'the sonsof Issachar ; Tola, and fPhuvah, and Job, and Shimron. ^'^ And the sons of Zebulun ; Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel. 1^ These be the sons of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob in Padan- aram, with his daughter Dinah : all the souls of his sons and his daughters were thirty and three. ^^ And the sons of Gad ; 'Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and tEzbon, Eri, and *Arodi, and Areli. ^"^ And "the sons of Asher ; Jimnah, and Ishuah, and Isui, and Beriah, and Serah their sister : and the sons of Beriah ; Heber, and Malchiel. 1^ These "are the sons of Zilpah, "whom Laban gave to Leah his daughter, and these she bare unto Jacob, even sixteen souls. ^^ The sons of Rachel ""Jacob's wife ; Joseph and Benjamin. -^ And ^unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and Ephraim, which Asenath the daughter of Poti-pherah tpriest of On bare unto him. 21 And ""the sons of Benjamin were Belah, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, "Ehi, and Rosh, 'Muppim, and tHuppim, and Ard. " These are the sons of Rachel, which were born to Jacob : all the souls were fourteen. 2^ And ''the sons of Dan ; *Hushim. ^'^ And ''the sons of Naphtali ; Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shillem. 2^ These 'are the sons of Bilhah, %hich Laban gave unto Rachel his daughter, and she bare these unto Jacob : all the souls were seven. 124 GOVERNMENT OF EGYPT BY JOSEPH. [Period II. g Ex. 1. 5. 26 ^11 ^tjjg gQuis that came with Jacob into Egypt, which came out ^ss^'^n.''""*' ^^' o^ ^^^ tloins, besides Jacob's sons' wives, all the souls were threescore and six. ^'' And the sons of Joseph, which were born him in Egypt, were A Deut. 10. 22. \y^Q souls : ''all the souls of the house of Jacob, which came into See Acts 7. 14. ^ Egypt, were threescore and ten. t Ge. 31. 21. 28 ^jj^j |^g ggj^^ Judah bcforc him unto Joseph, 'to direct his face unto Goshen ; and they came into the land of Goshen. -^ And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen, jSoGe 45.14. and presented himself unto him ; and he ^fell on his neck, and wept * So Luke 2. 29, on his ncck a good while. ^'^ And Israel said unto Joseph, " Now *let me die, since I have seen thy face, because thou art yet alive." ^^ And Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father's house, " I will go up, and show Pharaoh, and say unto him. My brethren, and my father's house, which were in the land of Canaan, are come unto me; ^~and ^T^t'ofcatac ""^^ ^^^^ '^^^ ^•'^ shepherds, for Itheir trade hath been to feed cattle ; and they have brought their flocks, and their lierds, and all that they have. ^^ And it shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall say. What is your occupation ? ^"^ that ye shall say, Thy servants' '34^5 &'37^i2*' trade hath been about cattle 'from our youth even until now, both we, and also our fathers ; that ye may dwell in the land of Goshen, for moe. 43. 32. evcry shepherd is '"an abomination unto the Egyptians." ^ Then Joseph came and told Pharaoh, and said, " My ^^^^^'^"■ father and my brethren, and their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have, are come out of the land of Canaan ; and, behold, they n Ge. 45. 10. ^rc iu "the land of Goshen." ^ And he took some of his brethren, even five o Acts?. 13. men, and "presented them unto Pharaoh. ^ And Pharaoh said unto his brethren, '' What is your occupation? " And they .said unto Pharaoh, " Thy servants are shepherds, both we, and also our fathers." ^ They V Ge. 15. 13. Dc. g^id morcovcr unto Pharaoh, " For ''to sojourn in the land are we q Ge. 43.1. Acts comc, for thy servants have no pasture for their flocks, 'for the famine '• ^^- is sore in the land of Canaan ; now therefore, we pray thee, let thy servants dwell in the land of Goshen." ^ And Pharaoh spake unto Joseph, saying, " Thy father and thy r Ge. 20. 15. brethren are come unto thee. ^ The '^land of Egypt is before thee, in the best of the land make thy father and brethren to dwell ; in the land of Goshen let them dwell ; and if thou knowest any men of ac- *^el'JdmjJ"of"'' ti^'*^y among them, then make them rulers over my cattle." tke years of thy 7 ^^j Joscph brought iu Jacob his father, and set him before s He. 11.13. Pharaoh ; and Jacob blessed Pharaoh. ^And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, P8 39.12. a *jjo^ oi(i art thou ?" ^And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, "The 'days t Job 14. 1. teee ... 1 i 1 1 1 • tC Ge. 27. 41, 42. of the ycars of my pilgrimage are an hundred and thirty years ; lew n.&,34. 30.& and evil have the days of the years of my life been, and "have not sslsl.'^"*"^^' attained unto the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the «Ge.25.7.&35. days of their i)ilgrimage." ^° And Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went «Ex. 1. 11.&12. out from before Pharaoh. Or asaimc ' ^V^nd Joscph placed his father and his brethren, and gave them a \hiidA^nourilcd. posscssiou iu thc land of Egypt, in the best of tlie land, in the land ^"tiieUttT/onL of "Rarneses, as Pharaoh had commanded. ^~ And Joseph nourished iiis Ge.50.21. father, and his brethren, and all his father's household, with bread, — ^ taccording to their families. SECT. IX. — Sect IX. Government of Egypt by Joseph. ^!1\^IT GEN.xlvii.l3-2G. ' Conlimiance of the famim, Joseph gettelh all the Egijptiaris' money, 16 their cattle, 18 their lands to Pharaoh. 22 The priests' land was not bought. 23 He letteth the land to them for a fifth part. ^^ And there was no bread in all the land ; for the famine was very °7^Ti^^' ^^' ^''' sore, "so that the land of Egypt and all the land of Canaan fainted by C. 1704. Hales, 1872. Egypt. PiRT VI.] DEATH OF JACOB AND HIS BLESSING ON HIS SONS. 125 Heb. led them. X Or, princes, ver. 22. reason of the famine. ^^ And ''Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, for the corn which they bought : and Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh's house, ^^ And when money failed in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all the Egyptians came unto Joseph, and said, " Give us bread : for why should we die in thy presence ? for the money faileth." ^^ And Joseph said, " Give your cattle ; and I will give you for your cattle, if money fail." ^^And they brought their cattle unto Joseph : and Joseph gave them bread in exchange for horses, and for the flocks, and for the cattle of the herds, and for the asses ; and he *fed them with bread for all their cattle for that year. IS When that year was ended, they came unto him the second year, and said unto him, " We will not hide it from my lord, how that our money is spent ; my lord also hath our herds of cattle ; there is not aught left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies and our lands : ^9 wherefore shall we die before thine eyes, both we and our land ? buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants unto Pharaoh : and give us seed, that we may live, and not die, that the land be not desolate." ^^ And Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh ; for the Egyptians sold every man his field, because the famine prevailed over them : so the land became Pharaoh's. -^ And as for the people, he removed them to cities from one end of the borders of Egypt even to the other end thereof. ^^ Only 'the land of the t priests bought he not ; for the priests had a portion assigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their portion which Pharaoh gave them : where- fore they sold not their lands. -^ Then Joseph said unto the people, " Behold, I have bought you this day and your land for Pharaoh : lo, here is seed for you, and ye shall sow the land. ~^ And it shall come to pass in the increase, that ye shall give the fifth part unto Pharaoh, and four parts shall be your own, for seed of the field, and for your food, and for them of your households, and for food for your little ones." '-^^ And they said, " Thou hast saved our lives : "let us find grace in the sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh's servants." ^^ And Joseph made it a law over the land of Egypt unto this day, that Pharaoh should have the fifth part ; except the land of the tpriests only, which became not Pharaoh's. PART VI. SECT. I. A. M. 2315. Hales, 1846. Goshen. * Heb. the days the years of his life: see ver. 9 6 So De. 31. 14, 1 Ki. 2. I. cGe. 24.9. d Ge. 24. 49. e So Ge. 50. 25. /2 Sa. 19. 37. ^Ge. 50. 5, 13. VOL. I FROM THE DEATH OF JACOB TO THE DEATH OF JOSEPH. Section I. — Death of Jacob, and Jiis Blessing on his Sons. Gen. xlvii. 27, to the end, chap, xlviii. and xlix. Jacob's age. 29 He sweareth Joseph to bury him with his fathers. — Chap, xlviii. 1 Joseph with his sons msiteth his sick father. 2 Jacob strengtheneth himself to bless them. 3 He repeateth the promise. 5 He taketh Ephraim and Manasseli as his own. 7 He telleth Joseph of his mother's grave. 9 He blesseth Ephraim and Manasseli. 17 He preferreth the younger before the elder. 21 He prophesieth their return to Canaan. — Chap. xlix. 1 ,Tacob callcth his sons to bless them. 3 Their blessing in particular. 29 He chargeth them about his burial. 33 He dieth. ^'^ AND Israel dwelt in the land of Egypt, in the country of Goshen ; and they had possessions therein, and "grew, and multiplied exceed- ingly. "*^ And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years : so of *the whole age of Jacob was an hundred forty and seven years. ^^ And the time Mrew nigh that Israel must die ; and he called his son Joseph, and said unto him, " If now I have found grace in thy sight, 'put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh, and ''deal kindly and truly with me. 'Bury me not, I pray thee, in Egypt ; ^^ but ^l will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt, and 'bury me in their burying-place." And he said, " I will do as thou hast said." 126 DEATH OF JACOB AND HIS BLESSING ON HIS SONS. [Period II. ^^ And he said, '• Swear unto me." x\nd he sware unto liim. And Yi^o'i^"^'^" ^** Israel ''bowed himself upon the bed's head. ^ And it came to pass after these things, that one told Ges. xlviii. Joseph, '' Behold, thy father is sick ; " and he took with him his two sons Manasseh and Ephraim. ^ And one told Jacob, and said, " Behold, thy son Joseph cometh unto thee ; " and Israel strengthened himself, and sat upon the bed. ^ And Jacob said unto Joseph, " God Almighty appeared unto me *?^j.^- ^^''/^- at 'Luz in the land of Canaan, and blessed me, "^and said unto me, & 35, 0, 9, occ. ^ ' ' Behold, I will make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, and I will make of thee a multitude of people ; and will give this land to thy seed ^ vi'T^^SLfi l"^' ^^^^^' ^^^^ ^^^ ^'^ everlasting possession.' ^ And now thy -'two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, which were born unto thee in the land of Egypt before I came unto thee into Egypt, are mine ; as Reuben and Simeon, they shall be mine. ^ And thy issue, which thou begettest after them, shall be thine, and shall be called after the name of their brethren in their inheritance. "^ And as for me, when I came from fcGe. 35. 16,19. Padau, 'Rachel died by me in the land of Canaan in the way, when yet there was but a little way to come unto Ephrath ; and I buried her there in the way of Ephrath ; the same is Bethlehem." ^ And Israel beheld Joseph's sons, and said, " Who are these?" zsoGe. 33. 5. ^ And Joscph Said unto his father, '' They 'are my sons, whom God hath given me in this place." And he said, '• Bring them, I pray mGe.27.4. t^ec, uuto mc, and '"I will bless them." I'^Now the eyes of Israel t Heb. heavy. Is. wcrc tdiiTi for age, SO that he could not see. And he brought them nGe 27 ^7 "*^^'" ^^^^ him; and "he kissed them, and embraced them. ^^ And oGe. 45. 26. Israel said unto Joseph, " I "had not thought to see thy face : and, lo, God hath showed me also thy seed." ^^ And Joseph brought them out p Ex. 20. 12. from between his knees, and ^he bowed himself with his face to the earth. ^^ And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward Israel's left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel's right hand, and brought them near unto him. ^^ And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh's head, guiding his hands wittingly ; 9 Heb. 11.21. fQY Manasseh was the firstborn. ^^ And 'he blessed Joseph, and said, — " God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, The God which fed me all my life long unto this day, »■jo^v "these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt ; every man and his household came with Jacob. ^ Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, ^ Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin, "* Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Asher. ^ And all the souls that came out of the *loins of Jacob were seventy souls ; for Joseph was in Egypt al- ready. ^ And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation, 6 Ge. 46^^3. De. 7 ^,^(j ifj^g children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, 24! Ac. 7. 17.' and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled cAc. 7. 18. with them. ^ Now there 'arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph. ^ And he said unto his people, " Behold, the people djobs. 13. Ps. of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we ! ^° Come "on, 4!'&"io5. 25. Pr. let US deal wisely with them ; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, 16. 25. & 21.30. ^j^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land." ^^ Therefore «Ge.i5. IX Ex. ti^ey (lid set over them taskmasters 'to afflict them with their burdens. fcl.^i.n.'' And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom -^and Raamses. ]Ueh.^ndas 1^ fBut the morc they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and ^Jln"^o'aiij grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel. ^^ And muiupued, src. ^^^ Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor. ^^ And ^Ex.6.9. Nu. they "^made their fives bitter with hard bondage, in mortar, and in 20. 15. Ac. 7. 19. j^^..^j^^ ^j^j j^ ^jj j^jjj^j^gj. of service in the field; all their service, wherein they made them serve, was with rigor. 1^ And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah. ^^ And he said, " When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools, if it be a son, then ye shall kill him ; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live." ^^ But the midwives APr. 16.6. Ac.5. /"feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but ^' saved the men children alive. ^^ And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them, " Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children alive ? " ^^ And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, " Because tJie Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women ; 'f2.iV.'3.^io^He: for they are hvely, and are delivered ere the midwives come in unto • sel°i sa 2 35 t^cm." 2" Therefore *God dealt well wnth the midwives ; and the peo- •'lla.V n,27,' pie multiplied, and waxed very mighty. ^^ And it came to pass, because f'A!^i%!!' the midwives feared God, nhat he made them houses. 22 And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, " Every *^son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive." 127. 1. k Ac. 7. 19. PART I. PERIOD III. FROM THE BIRTH TO THE DEATH OF MOSES. PART I. ^[c.'^im. THE BIRTH AND E.\RLY LIFE OF MOSES. Hales, 1722. EsoD. ii. Egypt. Moses is born, 3 ami in an ark cast into the flass. .'J He is fonnd, and brought vp by Pharaoh's dauohter. 11 He slayeth an Egyptian. "13 He reproveth a Hebrew. 15 He feeth into Midian. 21 He marrieth Zipporah. 22 Gershom is born. 23 God respecteth the Israelites' cry. "2! .^59.' ? ch^"23. ^ AND there went "a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a i Ac 7 20 H.^ daughter of Levi. - And the woman conceived, and bare a son ; ^and u%: ~ ' "" when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three Part I.] BIRTH AND EARLY LIFE OP MOSES. m a Or, soe, or, know. — Ed. d Ac. 7. 21. * That is, drawn e Ac. 7. 23, 24. He. U. 24-26. /Ex. 1. 11. A. M. 2473. B. C. 1551. Hales, 1688. g Ac. 7. 24, &c. t Heb. a ■prince. h Ac. 7. 29. Heb. 11. 27. X Or, prince, as Ge. 41. 45. see Ex. 3. 1. JGe.24. 11. j Na. 10. 29. Ra- guel, called also Jethru, or Jct/ier, Ex. 3. I. & 4. 18. & 18. l,&c. k 1 Pe. 4. 9. IHat. 7. 12. * That is, a stranger here. Ex. 18. 3. I Ex. 7. 7. m Nu. 20. 16. De. 23. 7. Ps. 12. 5. n Ex. 5. 9. Job 34. 28. o Ex. 6. 5. p Ge. 15. 14. q Ex. 4. 31. t Heb. knew. PS. LXXXVIII. * Or, of. a i. e. the harp, or, pipe for the afflicted.— E(i. t Or, ./S Psafm ofHrnmn the Ezrahitr, giving instruction. a 1 Ki. 4. 31. 1 Ch. 2. 6. & 6. 33. & 15. 19. b Lu. 18. 7. months. ^ And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein ; and she laid it in the flags by the river's brink. ^ And ''his sister stood afar off, to '^wit what would be done to him. ^ And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the river ; and her maidens walked along by the river's side ; and when she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it. ^ And when she had opened it, she saw the child ; and, behold, the babe wept ! And she had compassion on him, and said, " This is one of the He- brews' children." '' Then said his sister to Pharaoh's daughter, " Shall I go and call to thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?" ^And Pharaoh's daughter said to her, " Go." And the maid went and called the child's mother. ^ And Pharaoh's daughter said unto her, " Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages." And the woman took the child, and nursed it. ^^ And the child grew, and she brought him unto "^Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name *Moses ; and she said, " Because I drew him out of the water." ^^ And it came to pass in those days, "when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on ■'^their burdens ; and he spied an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew, one of his brethren. ^^And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, ^he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand. ^^ And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together ; and he said to him that did the wrong, " Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow ? " '^ And he said, " Who made thee fa prince and a judge over us ? intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyp- tian? " And Moses feared, and said, " Surely this thing is known." 1^ Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But ''Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian ; and he sat down by a well. ^^ Now the tpriest of Midian had seven daughters ; 'and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock. ^'' And the shepherds came and drove them away ; but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock. ^^ And when they came to ^Reuel their father, he said, " How is it that ye are come so soon to-day ? " ^^ And they said, " An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and also drew water enough for us, and watered the flock." ^" And he said unto his daughters, " And where is he ? *why is it that ye have left the man ? call him, that he may eat bread." ~^ And Moses was content to dwell with the man ; and he gave Moses Zipporah his daughter. ^^ And she bare him a son, and he called his name *Gershom ; for he said, " I have been a stranger in a strange land." ^^ And it 'came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died : and the children of Israel '"sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and "their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage. ^^ And God "heard their groaning, and God remembered his ''covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. ^^And God 'looked upon the children of Israel, and God thad respect unto them. PSALM LXXXVIII. A Prayer containing a grievous complaint. A Song or Psalm *for the sons of Korah, to the chief Musician upon ^Mahalath Leannoth, fMaschil of ''HeiTian(') the Ezrahite. ^ O Lord God of my salvation ! I ''have cried day and night before thee ; {}) Lightfoot supposes, that Heman who com- posed the eighty-eighth Psahn, and Heman the shig- er (1 Chro. vi. 33.), were not the same person. The former was the immediate son of Gerah, the de- scendant of Judah, and lived in Egypt, during the time of the affliction of the Israelites, (1 Chron. ii. 132 LEGATION OF MOSES. [Period HI. 2 Let my prayer come before thee, Incline thine ear unto my cry. 2 For my soul is full of troubles ; And my life draweth nigh unto the grave, c Ps. 28. 1. 4 J -^g^jj^ counted with them that go down into the pit ; d Ps. 31. 12. I ''am as a man that hath no strength ; ^ Free among the dead, Like the slain that lie in the grave, Whom thou rememberest no more ; t oi, by thy hand. And they are cut off Ifrom thy hand. ^ Thou hast laid me in the lowest pit, In darkness — in the deeps. ■^ Thy wrath Ueth hard upon me, And 'thou hast afflicted me with all thy waves. Selah ! ^ Thou -^hast put away mine acquaintance far from me ; Thou hast made me an abomination unto them ; I ^am shut up, and I cannot come forth. ^ Mine ''eye mourneth by reason of affliction ; Lord, *I have called daily upon thee, I ^have stretched out my hands unto thee. ^^ Wilt *thou show wonders to the dead ? Shall the dead arise and praise thee ? Selah ! 1' Shall thy lovingkindness be declared in the grave? Or thy faithfulness in destruction ? ^2 Shall thy wonders be known in the dark ? / Ec. 9. 5. An(j i^i^y righteousness in the land of forgetfulness ? ^^ But unto thee have I cried, O Lord ! 7nP8.5.3. &119. And "'in the morning shall my prayer prevent thee. „Ps;43.2. ^^LoRD, "why castest thou off my soul? Job 13. 24. Why "hidest thou thy face from me? ^^ I am afflicted and ready to die from my youth up ; p Job 6. 4. While I suffer ''thy terrors I am distracted. ^^ Thy fierce wrath goeth over me ; Thy terrors have cut me off. * Or, all the day. 17 They cauic rouud about me *daily like water ; g See Ps. ^. 16. They 'couipasscd me about together, r Job 19. 13. 18 Lover '^and friend hast thou put far from me, And mine acquaintance into darkness. ePs. 42 7. /Job 19 13, 19. g Job 3. 23. AP8.38 10. I Ps. 86. 3. j Job 11 13. k Ps. 6. 5. & 30. 9. & 115. 17. & 118. 17. Is. 38. 18. Midian. PART II. P A R T I I . ^ ~.,3 LEGATION OF MOSES. B. c. 1491. ExoD. iii. and iv. 1-28. IIale3, 1648. ji/o^ps kefpeth Jethro's flock. 2 God appeareth to him in a burning bush. 9 He sendeth him to deliver Israel. U The name of God. 15 His message to Israel. — Chap. \v. 1 Moses's rod is turned into a serpent. 6 His hand is leprous. 10 He is loath to be sent. 14 Aaron is appointed to as.tist him. 18 Moses departeth from Jethro. 21 God's message to Pharaoh. 24 Zipjiorah circumciseth her son. 27 Aaron is sent to meet 3Ioses. ' NOW Moses kept the flock of "Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian ; and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb. -And Hhe Angel of the Lord'"' appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush ; 6.) Witsius differs from Lightfoot in this opinion ; kind, which were penned by the Israehtes in this and many of the commentators suppose the Psalm mournful period of suffering and distress.— Light- to have been written during the Babylonish captivity, foot's JVorks, vol. i. p. 23, 70, 099 ; Witsius, Misc. But we do not read that any of the name of Heman Sac. p. 170, &c. ; Dr. Wells's Commentary, vol. m. flourished at that time, ami the Psalm is therefore in loc. inserted here, as well on the authority of Lightfoot, {^) After the death of Joseph, and of the patri- who repeatedly asserts this to be its proper place, archs, the Israelites began to depart from the v^'or- as from its internal evidence, and the probable al- ship of the God of their fathers. Many of them lusion (Exod. ii. 23.) to some compositions of this were contaminated by the idolatry of Egypt, (Josh. Part IL] LEGATION OF MOSES. 133 and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. ^And Moses said, "I will now turn aside, and see Ps. in.2. ii^i^, "great sight, why the bush is not burnt." ''And when tlie Lord saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, " Moses ! Moses ! " And he said, " Here am rf^jos_. 5. 15. Ac. j_5> 5 And he said, " Draw not nigh hither ; ''put oft' thy shoes from oft' thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground." ^ More- '•^^sfMa. la!'" over he said, " I 'am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the 26. Ac. 7. 32. (}q([ of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." And Moses -^hid his face; for /soiKi. 19. 13. he was afraid to look upon God. /ex! al'a^, 24. ^ ^^^^ the Lord said, " I °liave surely seen the affliction of my peo- '^44' Ac^/si^^*^' P^^ which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry ''by reason of their AEx. 1. 11. taskmasters; for I know their sorrows; ^and'I am come down to ^6'^6l'*'&^l2^5i <^6li^6*' them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up ;Ex.'i3. 5. i^33. out of that land ^unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing 1" 25"'& s^y-^"' ^^th milk and honey; unto the place of *the Canaanites, and the ^26. 9,15. Je. Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and Ez. 20. 6." ~' the Jebusites. ^ Now therefore, behold, 'the cry of the children of Israel z fe '1^23^ is come unto me ; and I have also seen '"the oppression wherewith m Ex.i. n, 13, the Egyptians oppress them. ^'^ Come "now therefore, and I will send nti^'e 4 *'^®® ^"^^ Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the chil- dren of Israel out of Egypt." "J^is'je' l^t ^^ ^"^ Moses said unto God, " Who "am I, that I should go unto Mat. 5. 5. Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt ? " ^.'?*?.'23.^jo;.°i!'5. ^^ And he said, " Certainly ^I will be with thee ; and this shall be Ro. 8. 31. a. token unto thee, that I have sent thee : When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.'' ^■^ And Moses said unto God, " Behold, when I come unto the chil- dren of Israel, and shall say unto them. The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you ; and they shall say to me, What is his name ? what shall I say unto them ? " ^* And God said unto Moses, " I am that I am ; " and he said, '8^58.^2^co.°i" " Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I 'am hath sent me Re "''■4^^' ^ ""to you." ^^ And God said moreover unto Moses, " Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent r Ps. 135. 13. Ho. mo uuto you ; this is 'my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations. ^^ Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them. The Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, s Ge. 50. 24. of Isaac, and of Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, T have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt ; ^"^ and I have said, t Go. 15. 14, 16. « I 'will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, unto a land flowing with milk and xxiv. 14. Ezek. xx 8.) ; others had neglected cir- pact, that the prophet who should declare himself cumcision,(Josh. V.9.) ; and some had intermarried the lawgiver and deliverer, would be appointed by with the Egyptians, (Lev. xxiv. 10.) The majority, the same authority. This we accordingly find to however, had not forsaken their ancient religion; have been the case. Moses, when feeding the and in this period of distress and bondage, by which flock of Jethro at Horeb, observes a copse, or thicket, they were justly punished, they cried unto the burning with fire ; while the branches and leaves Lord. The time of the fulfilment of the promise appeared unconsumed and uninjured. Astonished (Gen. 1. 24.) drew nigh, and " The Lord remem- at the phenomenon, he approaches the thicket, bered his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and The Angel Jehovah, the God of the patriarchal Jacob." dispensation, was seen ; and Moses receives from The Angel Jehovah, the guardian of the Church, him his commission. The diffidence, the delay, the had frequently appeared to the patriarchs ; but we scruples of the prophet, are overcome by miracu- have no account of his manifesting himself after lous proofs of his divine legation ; which at the same the death of Jacob, till he was revealed to Moses time convince him, that, by his means, the Israel- in the bush. As tliis Divine Being, however, had ites should be delivered from Egypt. — Lightfoot, uniformly commissioned the patriarchs to preach vol. i. p. 22; Hales' Jlnalysis, vol. ii. p. 182; Hora the true religion, the people would naturally qx- Mosaicm, vol. ii. p. 99. VOL. I. L X Ex. 7. 5. & 9. 15. 134 LEGATION OF MOSES. [Perfod III. « Ex. 4. 31. honey.' ^^And "they shall hearken to thy voice; and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say t;Nu.23.3,4, unto him. The LoRD God of the Hebrews hath "met with us; and ' ' now let us go, we beseech thee, three days' journey into the wilder- ness, that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God. ^-^ And I am sure wEx. 5. 2. & 7. that "the king of Egypt will not let you go, *no, not by a mighty hand. ^" And ""I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with '•'all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof; 'and after that he will let you go. -^ And "I will give this people favor in the sight of the yEx.7. 3. &.11. Egyptians, and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not 9. UK Ps.^ios*"" go empty ; ^~ but 'every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of 3L^.Ac'.7.'3«! her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, f ul^"' '^"' '" ^"^ raiment; and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your zEx. 12. 31. daughters, and "ye shall spoil tthe Egyptians." "36.%" le' 7? ^^' ^ ^"^ Moses answered and said, " But, behold, they will exod. iv. b Ge. 15. 14. Ex. not belicve me, nor hearken unto my voice ; for they will 1-2B. 11.2. Ps. 105. g^y^ rpj^^ Lord hath not appeared unto thee." cjob27. 13-17. 2 ^„(j thg Lord said unto him, " What is that in thy hand ? " And tOt, Egypt. j^^ ^^.^j^ ^j ^ rod." ^ And he said, "Cast it on the ground." And he cast it on the ground, and it became a serpent ; and Moses fled from before it. '^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Put forth thy hand, and take it by the tail," (and he put forth his hand, and caught it, and it became a rod in his hand ;) ^ " that they may believe that the Lord God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared unto thee." ^ And the Lord said furthermore unto him, " Put now thy hand into thy bosom." And he put his hand into his bosom ; and when ''5^27^&']5^5^'' '^^ ^^'^^ ^^ ^^^^ behold, his hand was ''leprous as snow ! ''And he said, 2Ch.'2(3. 19, 20. " Put thy hand into thy bosom again." And he put his hand into eNu. 12. 13, 14. his bosoiTi again ; and plucked it out of his bosom, and, behold, 'it 8. s'.' See Job 5.'' was tumod again as his other flesh ! ^" And it shall come to pass, if ^^" they will not believe thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign. ^ And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe also these two signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, that thou shalt take of the water of the river, /Ex.7, in. and pour it upon the dry land ; and -^the water which thou takest out ^l^a^.'hfii'ii'"' ^^ th^ ^^^^^ tshall become blood upon the dry land." " ' " " ° 1"^ And Moses said unto the Lord, " O my Lord ! t am not *elo- quent, neither theretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy ser- t^r^daij^'n^'iTnce vaut : but "'I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue." /ExItfSe.i. ^^ And the Lord said unto him, "Who hath made man's mouth? 9. 2'oo. 11. 6. o,. who maketh the dumb, or deaf, or the seeing, or the blind ? have A 19.50. 4. Mat. not I the Lord? ^^Now therefore go, and ''I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what thou shalt say." isee Jonah 1. 3. 13 ^^^^ j-^g g^id, " O my Lord ! 'send, I pray thee, by the hand of him X Or, , honidc.it. whom thou Iwilt send." '^ And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Moses, and he said, "Is not Aaron the Levite thy brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee ; and ;Kx.7. 1,'.'. when he seoth thee, he will be glad in his heart. ^^And 'thou shalt speak unto him, and put words in his mouth ; and I will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you what ye shall do. ^'^ And he shall be tfiy spokesman unto the people ; and he shall be, even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou shalt be to him instead of God. 1^ And thou shalt take this rod in thy hand, wherewith thou shalt do signs. "^^' * Heb. a man of words. f Heb. since yes- (3) Moses was the first teacher of religion to liave been granted. The patriarchal dispensation whom the power of working miracles appears to was of divine appointment; but Moses was now Part III.] MOSES IS ACKNOWLEDGED BY THE ISRAELITES. 135 A: Ex. 2. 15, 23. Mat. 2. 20. I Ex. 17. 9. Nu. 20. 8, 9. 771 Ex. 7. 13. & 9. 12, 35. & 10. 1. & 14. 8. De. 2. 30. Jos. 11. 20. Is. 63. 17. John 12. 40. Ro. 9. 16. n Je. 31. 9. Ho. 11. 1. Ro. 9. 4. 2 Co. (3. IS. Ja. 1. 18. Ex. 12. 29. p Nu. 22. 22. g Ge. 17. 14. t Or, knife. Jos. 5. 2,3. J Heb. made it toucli. ^^ And Moses went and returned to *Jethro his father-in-law, and said unto him, " Let me go, I pray thee, and return unto my brethren which are in Egypt, and see whether they be yet ahve." And Jethro said to Moses, " Go in peace." ^^ And the Lord said unto Moses in Midian, " Go, return into Egypt ; for ^all the men are dead which sought thy hfe." ~^ And Moses took his wife and his sons, and set them upon an ass, and he returned to the land of Egypt ; and Moses took 'the rod of God in his hand. ~^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thy hand ; but '"I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go. -^ And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the Lord, "Israel is my son, eveii my first- born. ^-^ And I say unto thee, Let my son go, that he may serve me ; and if thou refuse to let him go, behold, "I will slay thy son, even thy firstborn." ^^ And it came to pass by the way in the inn, that ^the Lord met him, and sought 'to kill him. '^^ Then Zipporah took a sharp tstone, and cut oft' the foreskin of her son, and tcast it at his feet, and said, " Surely a bloody husband art thou to me." ^'^ So he let him go ; then she said, " A bloody husband thou art ; " because of the circumcision. =^''' And the Lord said to Aaron, " Go into the wilderness to meet Moses." And he went, and met him in the mount of God, and kissed him. ^^ And Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord who had sent him, and all the signs which he had commanded him. PART III. A. M. 2513. B. , C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. Ex . 3. 16, &c. FROM THE MISSION OF MOSES TO THE INFLICTION OF THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT. Section I. — Moses is acknowledged as their Leader by the Israelites, hut is rejected by Pharaoh. EsoD. iv. 29, to the end, chap, v., and vi. 1-13. Moses and Aaron make known their mission. 31 The people believe them. — Chap. v. 1 Pharaoh chideth Moses and Aaron for their message. 5 He increaseth the Israelites' task. 15 He check- eth their complaints. 19 They cry out upon Moses a?id Aaron. 22 Moses complaineth to God. — Chap. vi. 1 God reneweth his promise Inj his name Jehovah. 29 AND Moses and Aaron "went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel. ^'^ And Aaron spake all the words which the Lord had spoken unto Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people. ^"^^ ^^ And the people believed ; and when they heard that the his Law to the accomplishment of the object pro- posed — the knowledge therein displayed of human nature — the connection of laws politically necessary with religion, &c. He could not have been a dupe ; for if the appearance in the burning bush had not been real — if he had been deceived in the evidences of his mission — if the miracles wrought to convince him, that he was the chosen prophet of God, had been only natural phenomena, he could not have inferred from them, that he was to be the legislator and deliverer of the Jews. Neither was he an impostor. An impostor would not have chosen to suffer affliction with a degraded race, rather than to indulge in the gayeties and fascinations of a court — an impostor would not have exposed himself to the danger of death, by vindicating the cause of the oppressed — he would not, if banished to a des- ert, be contented with his lot — forget his schemes of ambition, intermarry among the natives of an obscure province, and calmly sink into the condi- tion of a shepherd. Even if he were at length to rouse from this strange lethargy, and resolve to de- liver his countrymen, or perish in the attempt, an impostor would' have proceeded with some address, and policy — he would not enter abruptly into the chosen to abrogate that mode of instructing mankind, and to institute another in its place. Miracles were not necessary to Adam, or to Noah, as they each possessed sufficient evidence of the truths they taught ; they were not necessary to Abraham, as he was the reformer only of the religion of Noah ; but when a legislator ventured to assert that a law , which was originally divinely appointed, was now about to be annulled, it was absolutely essential that he should be able to produce the most incontrovert- ible evidence in support of his authority. Moses therefore was empowered to work miracles, for the purpose of establishing a new dispensation. In the same manner, Christ, the prophet "like unto Moses," wrought his wonderful miracles, to convince the world of the dissolution of the Levitical dispensation, in fxvor of the Christian covenant. — Hora Mosaics, vol, ii. p. 222, &c. ('') Moses was either a true prophet, an enthusiast, a dupe, or an impostor. That he was not an enthu- siast may be argued from his learning ; he was versed in all the learning of Egypt — from his education among the courtiers of Pharaoh — from the diffi- dence with which he received the first annunciation of his mission — from the admirable suitableness of 136 MOSES IS ACKNOWLEDGED BY THE ISRAELITES. [Period III- 6 Ex. 2.25.& Lord had visited the children of Israel, and that he ''had looked upon /gI'oi 06. Ex. their affliction, then 'they bowed their heads and worshipped. j-2.'27. icii. 29'. 1 \^({ afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pha- Exod. v. raoh, " Thus saith the Lokd God of Israel, Let my people dEx. 10. 9. go^ that they may hold "^a feast unto me in the wilderness." ^ And e See Ex. 3. 19. Pharaoh said, " Who 'is the Lord, that I should obey his voice to let 2Ki.^i8.35.Job j^^^^j ^^^ ^j ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^j^^ Lord, ^neither will I let 'Israel go." ^And /Ps. 14. 1. ti^gy said, " The ^God of the Hebrews hath met with us ; let us go, ASel'Ev^s 18 ^"^^ P""^)' ^h^^' ^'^'"^^ ^^J'^' Jo"J"ney into the desert, and sacrifice unto the Lord our God, lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword." "^ And the king of Egypt said unto them, " Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, let the people from their works ? get you unto iEx. 1. 11. iyour burdens." ^ And Pharaoh said, " Behold, the people of the land now are many, and ye make them rest from their burdens." ^And Pharaoh commanded the same day the taskmasters of the peo- ple, and their officers, saying, " Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore ; let them go and gather straw for themselves. ^ And the tale of the bricks, which they did make hereto- fore, ye shall lay upon them, ye shall not diminish aught thereof; for they be idle, therefore they cry, saying, ' Let us go and sacrifice to our *mh.Letthe God.' ^*Let there more work be laid upon the men, that they may u^taiJ'Z?. labor therein ; and let them not regard vain words." I'' And the taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers, and they spake to the people, saying, " Thus saith Pharaoh, I will not give you straw. ^^ Go ye, get you straw where ye can find it ; yet not aught of your Avork shall be diminished." ^^ So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble instead of straw. ^^ And the taskmasters hasted them, saying, " Fulfil \Ueh.amatterof your wovks, your tdaily tasks, as when there was straw." ^^ And the aday in hi. day. ^^^^^^ ^^ ^j^^ children of Isracl, which Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded, " Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your task in making brick both yesterday and to-day as heretofore?" 1^ Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto Pharaoh, saying, " Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants ? 16 There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us, ' Make brick ; ' and, behold, thy servants are beaten, but the fault is in thine own people." ^^ But he said, " Ye are idle, ye are idle; there- fore ye say, ' Let us go and do sacrifice to the Lord.' ^^ Go therefore now, and work ; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks." ^'^ And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were in evil case, after it was said, " Ye shall not minish aught, from your bricks of your daily task." 2" And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Pharaoh. -^ And they said unto them, '• The Lord XUeh. to stink, look upou you, and judge; because ye have made our savour Jto be ?3.'f&27.M^" abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to 2^sa.io.6.ich. put a sword in their hand to slay us." -And Moses returned unto the Lord, and said, " Lord, wherefore hast thou so evil entreated this people ? why is it that thou hast sent me ? -^ For sin ce I came to Pharaoh presence of an absolute sovereign, and peremptorily to resign their dominion over the Israelites, unless insist on the liberation of a race of " useful slaves ; " he had been possessed of powers more than human, neither would an impostor commit himself, by pre- That is, he was a true prophet— ho wrought niira- dictintr a series of miraculous judgments, if these cles— he was the character he professed to be. The slaves^were not permitted to emigrate. If aioses. mere fact, that Moses was not a true prophet, and too, had been either of these, he could not have yet delivered the Israelites, would be a much greater conquered armies without fighting, or im])ressed a miracle than any he is related to have performed.— whole nation with imaginary terrors— or guided or Hiira> Mosuica (from which the above note is chiefly fed a whole nation for forty years, in the wilder- abridged), vol. i. p. 20O-;3Ol ; Dean Graves On the ness ;— he could not have compelled, and he could Pnilat.Kurh ; Byrant's Plagues, p. 344; Michaelis not have persuaded, the Egyptians and their king Commentary on the Laic of Moses, vo\. i. p- 42, &v:. * Heb. shortnes or, straitiiess. Part III.] THE GENEALOGY OF MOSES. 137 T/uVST ^0 speak in thy name, he hath done evil to this people ; ^neither hast iivercd. thou delivered thy people at all." 1 Then the Lord said unto Moses, " Now shalt thou see Exod vi 1-13 j Ex. 3. 19. ^hj^t I ^i]i ^Q tQ Pharaoh ; for with ^a strong hand shall he let *3?f 33,y." ^ ^"" t'l^"^ gO' a"<^ ^"^ith a strong hand '^shall he drive them out of his land." tOr,jEHoyjiH. ^ And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, "I am tthe Lord. ^ And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the Ifsee^Ex^M "^'"^ ©f 'God Almighty, but by my name '"Jehovah was I not known "k.^'es. 4. & 83. to them.^"' ^ And "I have also established my covenant with them, "to nGe 15 18 & ^^^^ ^'^^'^ ^^^^ '^"^ ^^ Cauaau, the land of their pilgrimage, wherein ^rX 7- ' they were strangers. ^ And ^I have also heard the groaning of the chil- oGe. 17.8.&28. dreu of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage ; and I have re- p Ex. 2. 24. membered my covenant. ^ Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, ^il.^^hVk ^ ^^^ *^^^ Lo^^' ^'^"^ 'I ^v'J' t)ring you out from under the burdens of ui'uhi' ^ ^^^ Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and 1 will re- r Ex". 15. 13. De. ^^em you with a stretched-out arm, and with great judgments. "^ And 2i.Ve.S'!io!' 'I ^^^^ take you to me for a people, and 'I will be to you a God ; and 5 De. 4. 20. & 7. yo shall know that I am the Lord your God, which bringeth you out i8.*2Sa.^7.l4^.'^' fi'om Under the burdens of the Egyptians. ^And I will bring you in t See Ge. 17.7,8. uuto the land, concerning the which I did tswear to give it to Abraham, ^/S'leTe""-' ^^ I^^^C' and to Jacob ; and I will give it you for a heritage : I am 14. 22. De. 32. the LoRD." ^ And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel ; but they hearkened not unto Moses for *anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage. ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^i " Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land." ^^ And Moses spake before the Lord, saying, " Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me ; how then shall Pharaoh hear me, "who am of uncircumcised lips?" ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt, Section II. — T7ic Genealogy of Reuhen, Simeon, and Levi, to Moses. Exod. vi. 14-27. ^'^ These be the heads of their fathers' houses : "The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel ; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi : these be the families of Reuben. ^^ And Hhe sons of Simeon ; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Ge. 46. 11. xNu. Canaanitish woman : these are the families of Simeon. ^^ And these are the names of 'the sons of Levi according to their generations ; Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari : and the years of the life of Levi were an hundred thirty and seven years, i^ The ''sons of '^23.^7." ^' ^^' ^ Gershon ; Libni, and Shimi, according to their families. ^^ And 'the cNu.26^57.ich. sons of Kohath ; Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel : and /I ch. G. 19. & the years of the life of Kohath were an hundred thirty and three years. /ex^o 1 2 ^^ And/the sons of Merari ; Mahali and Mushi : these are the families ANu.iG.i.ich. of Levi according to their generations. ^^ And ^'Amram took him Joche- i\I!w\ Nu 3 ^^^ '^^^ father's sister to wife ; and she bare him Aaron and Moses : 30. ■ ■ and the years of the life of Amram were an hundred and thirty and •'fch.V^i.^Mat. seven years, ^i And Hhe sons of Izhar ; Korah, and Nepheg, and 1' M ab 2474 S^^'"^" ^^ ^"^ '^^^ ^°"^ ^^ \^zz\e\ ', Mishacl, and Elzaphan, and Zithri. B. c! ab! ]53o! ^^ And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of ^Amminadab, sister of a Ge. 46. 9. 1 Ch 5.3. 6 1 Ch. 4. 24. Ge 46. 10. 3. 17. 1 Ch. 6. 16. f) The general interpretation of this verse is ; often made. I will now be known by the name 'I was known to the patriarchs as a God all-suffi- Jehovah ; as a God faithful to his promise • as cient; havmg given them every blessing of which such I will deliver my people Israel accordino- to they stood in need ; but I was not known by them the promise which I made to their fathers." as the observer of the promises, which had been so VOL. I. IS *» 138 THE PLAGUES OP EGYPT— FIRST PLAGUE. [Period IIL k Le. 10. 1. Nu. 3. 2. & 26. 60. 1 Ch. 6. 3. &2^ 1. n Ex. 12. 17, 51. Nu. 33. 1. Naashon, to wife ; and she bare him *Nadab, and Abihii. Eleazar, and Ithamar. ^^ And 'the sons of Korah ; Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph : these are the famihes of the Korhites. ^s And Eleazar, Aaron's son. took Su.^i^7,'ii. him one of the daughters of Putiel to wife ; and "'she bare him Phine- jos. 24. 33! j^jjg . ^j^ggg a,j.e tj^e heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their famihes. ^'^ These are that Aaron and Moses, to whom the Lord said, " Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt "according to oEx.5.1,3. &7. their armies." ^^ These "are they which spake to Pharaoh king of i!'?s^77'.w.^^' Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt : these are that Moses and Aaron. SECT. ni. Section III. — Sloses demands of Pharaoh the Deliverance of the Israelites, ichich is refusid. b" C 1491.' ExoD. vi. 28, to the end, and vii. 1-13. Hales, 1648. Moses is encouraged to go to Pharaoh. 1 His age. 8 His rod is turned into a serpent. 11 The _ sorcerers do the like. 13 Pharaoh's heart is hardened. — 28 ^j^jj it came to pass on the day when the Lord spake unto Moses in the land of Egypt, ^^ that the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, " I am the Lord ; speak thou unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I say aE.x. 4.10. unto thee." ^^ And Moses said before the Lord, " Behold, "I^ am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh hearken unto me ? " 1 And the Lord said unto Moses, " See, I have made thee Exod. vii. 6Ei.4.i6.Je.i. ^a sod to Pliaraoh : and Aaron thy brother shall be thy l-l^- c Ex. 4. 15. prophet. 2 Thou 'shall speak all that I command thee ; and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he send the children of d Ex. 4. 21. Israel out of his land. ^ And "l will harden Pharaoh's heart, and 'mul- e Ex. 4. 7. & 11.9. ^ip]y j^-jy gigj^g and my wonders in the land of Egypt. ^ But Pharaoh /Ex. 10. 1. shail not hearken unto you, ^that I may lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth mine armies, and my people the children of Israel, out of ^Ex.6.6. the land of Egypt ^by great judgments. ^ And the Egyptians 'shall \f i8.^pf 9^6^' know that I am the Lord, when I stretch forth my hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them." ^ And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord commanded them, so did they. " And iDe.29.5.&3i. j^oges was *fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years 7!23, 30. ■ ' old, when they spake unto Pharaoh. 8 And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, ^ " When j 18.7.11. John 2. Pharaoh shall speak unto you, saying. Show ^a miracle for you: then kL^4%!i7. thou shalt say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and cast it before Pharaoh, and it shall become a serpent." ^^ And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and they did so, as the Lord had commanded ; and Aaron cast down his rod before Pha- iEx.4.3. raoh, and before his servants, and 'it became a serpent. ^^ Then Pha- mGe.4i.8.2Ti. raoh also called "the wise men and the sorcerers. Now the magicians ^* ^' J of Egypt, they also "did in like manner with their enchantments ; ^^ for n Ex. 8. 7, 18. they'cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents: but Ex. 4. 21. Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods. ^^ And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them ; as the Lord had "said. SECT. I. PART IV. INFLICTION OF THE FIRST EIGHT PLAGUES. A. M. 2513. B. c. 1491. Section T. — The First Plague — Water turned into BhodS^ Hales, 1648, „ ■■ •, a ^ i j ' ExoD. vu. 14, to the end. — 14 AND the Lord said unto Moses, " Pharaoh's "heart is hardened, °i%,y.^'^^°' he refuseth to let the people go. ^^ Get thee unto Pharaoh in the («) The manner in wliich the Divine Head of the derfully e.^emplified in the history of the plagues Jewish Church appealed to the common sense of of Egypt. The miracles of Moses liad now arrested the Israehtes against the idolatry of Egypt is won- their attention, and their hopes of an early deliver- Part IV.] THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT— SECOND PLAGUE. 139 morning ; lo, he goeth out unto the water ; and thou shalt stand by 5 Ex. 4. 2,3. the river's brink against he come ; and Hhe rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thy hand. ^^ And thou shalt say unto e Ex. 3. 18. him, 'The Lord God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee, saying, d Ex. 3. 12, 18. & Lgt my people go, ''that they may serve me in the wilderness: and, ^' ^' ^' behold, hitherto thou wouldest not hear. ^"^ Thus saith the Lord, In e Ex. 5. 2. this 'thou slialt know that I am the Lord : behold, I will smite with the rod that is in my hand upon the waters which are in the river, and /Ex. 4. 9. Ke. 16. /they shall be turned to blood. ^^ And the fish that is in the river shall ^' ^' die, and the river shall stink ; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river." -9 And the Lord spake unto Moses, " Say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, ^Ex. 8. 5,6, 16. and ^stretch out thy hand upon the waters of Egypt, upon their streams %%ukVSi, upon their rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon all their *pools *^Heb atkerin. of watcr, that thcy may become blood ; and that there may be blood, o/tk'eifwaZrsf throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood, and in vessels o/ stone." ^^ And Moses and Aaron did so, as the Lord commanded ; A Ex. 17. 5. and he "lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants ; and iPs.78.44.& all 'the waters that were in the river were turned to blood, ^i And the ^°^'^^' fish that was in the river died; and the river stank, and the Egyp- tians could not drink of the water of the river ; and there was blood jEx.8.7. throughout all the land of Egypt. 22 And ^the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments : and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, neither did he hearken unto them; as the Lord had said. ^3 And Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to this also. ~* And all the Egyptians digged round about the river for water to drink ; for they could not drink of the water of the river. ^^ And seven days were fulfilled, after that the Lord had smitten the river. Section IL—The Second Plague— Frogs S''^ SECT. II. ExoD. viii. 1-15. Frogs are sent. 8 Pharaoh sueth Closes, 12 and Moses, by prayer, removeth them away. And the Lord spake unto Moses, "Go unto Pharaoh, and say £les,'i648. unto him, Thus saith the Lord, Let my people go, "that they may ^i!!!' serve me. ^ And if thou 'refuse to let them go, behold, I will smile « Ex. 3. 12, 18. all thy borders with ^frogs. ^ And the river shall bring forth frogs & Ex. 7. 14. & 9.2. abundantly, which shall go up and come into thy house, and into dSJoVso 'thy bedchamber, and upon thy bed, and into the house of thy ser- *or, dougk. vants, and upon thy people, and into thine ovens, and into thy *knead- ino-troughs ; '^ and the frogs shall come up both on thee, and upon thy people, and upon all thy servants." e Ex. 7. 19. 5 And the Lord spake unto Moses, " Say unto Aaron, "Stretch forth thy hand with thy rod over the streams, over the rivers, and over the ponds, and cause frogs to come up upon the land of Egypt." /PS.78.45.& 6 And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt ; -^and /S '"ii the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt. '' And ^the magi- cians did so with their enchantments, and brought up frogs upon the land of Egypt. A. M. 2513. " C. 1491. ance from their bondage must have been propor- C) The second effort of power on the part of tionably excited. Yet many of the Israelites were Moses filled the holy river with frogs, and its still followers of the surrounding idolatry, and the streams by this means became a second time pollu- mercv of Providence displayed itself in proving to ted, to the utter confusion both of their gods and them the utter worthlessness of all the idols, and priests. The land also was equally defiled, and false .rods, on whom the proud, the learned, and they had no way to cleanse themselves for every the scientific Eo-yptians, so vainly depended. stream and every lake was in a state of pollution. The first plao-ue demonstrated the superiority of The frog was held sacred by the Egyptians, and Jehovah over their imaginary river-gods ; the Nile was regarded as an emblem of preservation m floods was turned into blood, which wag an object of pe- and inundations, culiar abhorrence to the Egyptians. 140 THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT— FOURTH PLAGUE. [Period HL h Ex. 9. 28. Si. 10. 17. Au. 21. 7. 1 Sa. 12. 19. 1 Ki. 13. 6. Ac. 8. 24. Ja. 5. 15. 1 Jo. 5. 16. t Or, Have this honor over me, 4-c. t Or, against when. * Heb. to cut off. f Or, Jlgainst to- morrow. i Ex. 9. 14. & 15. (>, &c. De. 33. 26. See 2 Sa. 7. 22. 1 Ch. 17. 20. Ps. 86. 8. Is. 46. 9. Je. 10. 6, 7. i Ex. 9. 33. & 10. 18.Ja. 5. 16-18. AEc. 8. 11. SECT. III. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. aPs. 78. 45. & 105.31. b Ex. 7. 11. c Wis. 17.7.2Ti. 3. 8, 9. d Ps. 8. 3. Mat. 12.28. SECT. IV. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. a Ex. 7. 15. * Or, a mixture of noisome beasts, &c. [Tlio word answering to flics is not ex- pressed in tbe Hebrevv,but that this insect is meant, there can 1)0 no doubt, the Hebrew word oroDjbein"! trans- lated by the LXX KVvonMia, the dog-fly ; in wliich they are followed by all the ancient ver- sions, and the learned Bochart. —Ed.] iEx.9.4,6,26.&. 10. 23. & 11.6, 7. & 12. 13. f Heb. a redemp- tion. X Or, by to-mor- row. e Ps. 78. 45. & 105. 31. * Or, de.strorird. ^Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said, " Entreat ''the Lord, that he may take away the frogs from me, and from my people ; and I will let the people go, that they may do sacrifice unto the Lord." ^ And Moses said unto Pharaoh, " tGlory over me : twhen shall I entreat for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people ; *to destroy the frogs from thee, and thy houses, that they may remain in the river only ? " ^^ And he said, " tTo-morrow." And he said, " Be it according to thy word ; that thou mayest know that Hhere is none like unto the Lord our God. ^^ And the frogs shall depart from thee, and from thy houses, and from thy servants, and from thy people ; they shall remain in the river only." ^^ And Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh ; and Moses ^cried unto the Lord because of the frogs which he had brought against Pharaoh. ^^ And the Lord did according to the word of Moses ; and the frogs died out of the houses, out of the villages, and out of the fields. ^^ And they gathered them together upon heaps ; and the land stank. ^^ But when Pharaoh saw that there was ^'respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them ; as the Lord had said. Section lll.— Tlie Third Plague— Lice. ^^^ ExoD.viii. 16-19. The dust is turned into lice, which the magicians could not do. ^^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Say unto Aaron, Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Egypt." ^'^ And they did so ; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and "it became lice in man, and in beast ; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt. ^^ And Hhe magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but "they could not ; so there were lice upon man, and upon beast. ^^ Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, " This "is the finger of God : " and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them ; as the Lord had said. Section lY .— The Fourth Plague— Flies. ^^^ ExoD. viii. 20, to the end. The swarms of flies. 45 Pharaoh iiiclineth to let the people go, 32 hut yet is hardened. ^° And the Lord said unto Moses, " Rise "up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh ; lo, he cometh forth to the water ; and say unto him, Thus saith the Lord, Let my people go, that they may serve me. -^ Else, if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send *swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses ; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flics, and also the ground whereon they are. ~- And 'I will sever in that day the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there ; to the end thou mayest know that I am the Lord in the midst of the earth. ^^ And I will put ta division between my people and thy people ; tto-morrow shall this sign be." "'* And the Lord did so ; and 'there came a griev- ous swarm of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses, and into all the land of Egypt ; the land was *corrupted by reason of the swarm of flies. (•*) The plaorue of lice reproved the absurd super- stition which demanded external purity alone. — The Egyptians considered it a great profanation of the temple if they entered it with any animalculiE of this sort upon them. The people in general wore a linen garment over a.'iother of linen ; but they laid aside the former when they a])pr()ached their deities, for fear it should ' ' ' ' oy ai)pr arbour veri although their rites were most filthy and contemp- tible, yet they were carried on with a most scrupu- lous show of purity and cleanliness. (^) The fourth plague must have convinced the Egyptians, who were worshippers of zebub, the god-fly. that their own gods were converted into instruments of torment in the hand of a superior Power. Ex. 3. 12, 18. Part IV.] THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT-SIXTH PLAGUE. 141 25 And Pharaoh called for Mo'ses and for Aaron, and said, "Go ye, sacrifice to your God in the land." ~^ And Moses said, " It is not meet dGe. 43.32. & go to do, for WO sliall sacrifice ''the abomination of the Egyptians to tt'^t^^il'si. the Lord our God; lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us ? ^^ We will go 'three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to the Lord our God, as he shall command us." ~^ And Pharaoh said, " I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness ; /Ex. 9. 28. iKi. only ye shall not go very far away: Entreat for me." -^ And Moses ^^' ^' said, " Behold, I go out from thee, and I will entreat the Lord that the swarms ofjlies may depart from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people, to-morrow ; but let not Pharaoh deal deceitfully any more in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord." 30 And Moses went out from Pharaoh, and entreated the Lord. 31 And the Lord did according to the word of Moses ; and he removed the swarms ofjlies from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his ffEx.4.21. people ; there remained not one. 32 And Pharaoh ° hardened his heart at this time also, neither would he let the people go. ' Section Y.— The Fifth Plague— Murrain of Cattle}'"^ '_ ' ExoD. ix. 1-7. A. M. 2513. iThen the LoRD Said unto Moses, " Go ""in unto Pharaoh, and tell u:^^:!Zs. him, Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, Egypt- that they may serve me. ^ For if Hhou refuse to let them go, and wilt — hold them still, 3 behold, 'the hand of the Lord is upon thy cattle iEx's'''^' which is in the field, upon the horses, upon the asses, upon the camels, cEx!?!! upon the oxen, and upon the sheep: there shall be a very grievous d See Ex. 8. 29. murrain. '^ And ""the Lord shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt ; and there shall nothing die of all that is the children's of Israel." ^ And the Lord appointed a set time, saying, " To-morrow the Lord shall do this thing in the land." ^ And the ePs.78.50. honD did that thing on the morrow, and 'all the cattle of Egypt died ; but of the cattle of the children of Israel died not one. '^ And Pha- raoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israehtes /Ex. 7. 14. & 8. j^gj^(j_ Ancl ^the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go. Section YI.— The. Sixth Plague— The Biles.^''^ ExoD. ix. 8-12. 8 And the Lord said unto Moses and unto Aaron, " Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heaven in the sight of Pharaoh. ^ And it shall become small dust in all the land of Egypt, and shall be "a bile breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt." i« And they took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh, and Moses sprm- kled it up toward heaven ; and it became 'a bile breaking forth with blains upon man, and upon beast. ^^ And 'the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the biles ; for the bile was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians. ^^ And the. Lord hardened the^heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them ; ''as the Lord had spoken unto Moses. (10) The fifth plague destroyed the Hving objects (") The sixth plague was the bile produced by of their stupid worship. The sacred bull, the ram, the ashes of the furnaces in which they had o - the heifer, and the he o-oat, fell dead before their fered human sacrifices, probably some o the Israel- worshippers, as if in ridicule of their vain incense, ites themselves : they were accustomed to scatter This iudgment must have likewise had a great ef- the ashes, to obtain a blessing from their gods : feet on the Israelites, and must have tended to this very rite became the means of their present tor- wean their affections from those gods of the coun- ment. try to which they had before attached themselves. SECT, . VI. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Ha LES , 1648. Egypt. a Re, . 16. 2. JDe, .28. 27. cEx. 2T ,8. i. 3. 18, 19. 9. 142 THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT— SEVENTH PLAGUE. [Period HL SECT. VII. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. b See Ex. 8. 10. c Ex. 3. 20. f Heb. made thee stand. Ro. 9. 17. See Ex. 14. 17. Pr. 16. 4. 1 Pe. 2.9. Section VII. — The Seventh Plague- ExoD. ix. 13, to the end. message threatening hail. 22 The plague of hail. 27 Flu ° hardened. -HaiU'^^ %oh sucih to Moses, 35 but ijet is ■f Heb. set not his hearturOo. Ex.7. eJos. 10. 11. Ps. 18. 13.&78. 47. & 105. 32. & 148. 8. Is. 30. .30. Ez. 38. 22. Ee. 8. 7. /Pa. 105. 33. g See Ex. 8. 2: Is. 32. 18, 19. h Ex. 10. 16. i 2 Ch. 13. 6. Ps. 129. 4. & 145. 17. La. 1. 18. Da. 9. 14. Ja. 4. 10. j See Ex. 8. 8, 28. 1 Hob. voices of Go'/. P3.29. 3,4. ft 1 Ki. 8. 22, 38. Ps. 143. 6. IPs. 24. 1. m Is. 20. 10. * Heb. hidden, or dark. n See Ex. 8. 12. 1^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Rise "up early in the morning, and Stand before Pharaoh, and say unto liim, Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go that they may serve me. ^'^ For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thy heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people ; Hhat thou mayest know that there is none like me in all the earth. ^^ For now 1 will stretch out my hand, that I may smite thee and thy people with pestilence ; and thou shalt be cut ofli" from the earth. ^^ And in very deed for this cause have I *raised thee up, for to show in thee my power ; and that my Name may be declared throughout all the earth. ^'' As yet exaltest thou thy- self against my people, that thou wilt not let them go ? ^^ Behold, to- morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the foundation thereof even until now. ^'^ Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon tliem, and they shall die." "^^ He that feared the word of the Lord among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his cattle flee into the houses ; ^^ and he that tregarded not the word of the Lord left his servants and his cattle in the field. ~- And the Lord said unto Moses, " Stretch forth thy hand toward heaven, that there may be ''liail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt." -^ And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven ; and 'the Lord sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground, and the Lord rained hail upon the land of Egypt. ~' So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. ~^ And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast ; and the hail -^smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field. ~^ Only ""in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail. 2^ And Pharaoh sent, and called for Moses and Aaron, and said unto them, '• I ''have sinned this time ; 'the Lord is righteous, and I and my people are wicked. ^^ Entreat nhe Lord (for it is enough) that there be no more tmighty thunderings and hail ; and I will let you go, and ye sliall stay no longer." ~-^And Moses said unto him, "As soon as I am gone out of the city, 1 will ^spread abroad my hands unto the Lord, and the thunder shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail ; that thou mayest know how that 'the earth is the Lord's. ^^ But as for thee and thy servants, '"I know that ye will not yet fear the Lord God." ^^ And the flax and the barley was smitten; for tlie barley was in the ear, and the flax was boiled. '^~ But the wheat and the rye were not smitten ; for they were *not grown up. ^^ And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and "spread abroad his hands unto the Lord ; and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not [)C)urcd upon the earth. ^^ And when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants. ^^ And "the heart of ('2) The scventli plarrne demonstrated tliat neither Jehovah. Those phenomena of nature seldom dis- Isis, who presided over water, nor Osiris, the lord turbed, at any period of the year, the climate ot of fire, was able to protect Uie fields and the climate Eoypt. On this occasion, they happened at a time of l'>yi)t from the thunder, the v;iiii, and the fire of when the air was generally most calm and serene. Part IV.] THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT— EIGHTH PLAGUE. 143 UUb. by the hand pharaoh was hardened, neither would he let the children of Israel go; L. "'''' '^ ■ as the Lord had spoken tby Moses. SECT. vni. Section YIll.— TJie Eighth Plague— Locusts }'^^ ExoD. X. 1-20. A. M. 2513. Hales, 1648, Egypt. a Rx. 4. 21. & 7. 14. h Ex. 7. 4. cDc. 4. 9. Ps.44. ]. &71. 18. & 78. 5, ii.c. Joel 1.3. d 1 Ki. 21. n r. 1 .n, God threateneth to send loctists. 7 Pharaoh, moved Inj his sen^ants, indimth to let the Tsradites go. "• *-• ^'^^^^ n The plag7ie of the locusts. 16 Pharaoh sueih (o JiJoses. 1 And the Lord said unto Moses, " Go in unto Pharaoh ; "for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, 'that T might show these my signs before him ; "^ and 'that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son's son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them ; that ye may know how that I am the Lord." 3 And Moses and Aaron came in unto Tharaoh, and said unto him, " Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, How long wilt thou re- fuse ''to humble thyself before me ? let my people go, that they may s^^af'iobia^^G. serve me. •* Else, if thou refuse to let my people go, behold, to-morrow !,)■ Ppe^s'^e" "■ will I bring the 'locusts into thy coast. •'^And they shall cover the . Re. 9. 3. ' ' *face of the earth, that one cannot be able to see the earth ; and -^they *ST3Tjoef' shall eat the residue of that which is escaped, which remaineth unto ■^1.4. ■ ■ °' you from the hail, and shall eat every tree which groweth for you out ^ Ex. 8. 3, 21. of the field. ^ And ^they shall fill thy houses, and the houses of all thy servants, and the houses of all the Egyptians ; which neither thy fathers, nor thy fathers' fathers have seen, since the day that they were upon the earth unto this day." And he turned himself, and went out from Pharaoh. ' And Pharaoh's servants said unto him, " How long shall this man AJos.23.i3.isa. be "a suarc unto us? let the men go, that they may serve the Lord ^^■~'' their God: knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?" ^And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh, and he said unto t Heb. ,ohn and thcui, " Go, servc the Lord your^God : but hvho are they that shall who, ^c. ^^ ^ „ 9 ^^_^^ Moses said, " We will go with our young and with our old, with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with i Ex. 5.1. our herds will we go; for ^ we must hold a feast unto the Lord." 10 And he said unto them, " Let the Lord be so with you, as I will let you go, and your little ones : look to it ! for evil is before you. ^^ Not so : go now ye that are men, and serve the Lord ; for that ye did desire." And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence. jEx.7. 19. 12 And the Lord said unto Moses, " Stretch ^out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left."" 1=^ And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the Lord brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that nifjht ; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts. k Ps. 78. 46. & 14 And Hhe locusts went up over all the land of Egypt, and rested in all ^'''' ^^^ the coasts of Egypt : very grievous were they ; 'before them there were Uoei2.2. ^^^ ^^^^^ locusts as thcy," neither after them shall be such. i^For they mseever.5. covercd '"the faco of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened ; „ Ps. 105. 35. "and they did eat every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left ; and there remained not any green thing in the trees, or in the herbs of the field, through all the land of Egypt. (1^) In the eighth plague of locusts, the Egyp- and the sea, which they regarded as their defence tians undoubtedly offered up their prayers to Isis against the locusts, could not pro ect them. Ari and Serapis, who"were the conservators of all plenty, east wind (ver. 13) prevailed all that day and all Thev would likewise naturally invoke those deities, tliat night ; this wind must have brought the lo- who were supposed to have power over these de- custs from Arabia, and borne them, contrary to their structive creatures. But their very deities could nature, over the Red Sea ;. wiucn proved no barrier not stand before Moses. The winds they venerated to their progress, were made the instruments of their destruction; 144 INSTITUTION OF THE PASSOVER. [Period III. J Heb. hastened to o Ex. 9. 27. p See E.T. 8. 8. 5 See Ex. 8. 12, ^^ Then Pharaoh Icalled for Moses and Aaron in haste ; and he said, '•I "have sinned against the Lord your God, and against you. ^"^ Now therefore forgive, I pray thee, my sin only this once, ^and entreat the Lord your God, that he may take away from me this death only." ^'^ And 'he went out from Pharaoh, and entreated the Lord. ^ ' And the Lord turned a mighty strong west wind, which took away the locusts, and *cast them into the Red Sea; there remained not one But the Lord liardened Pharaoh's * Heb. fasfened. Joel 2. 20. . „ , f T- r Ex. 4. 21. & 11. locust in ail the coasts oi i-gypt. ^ heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go. PART V. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. 13. 4. De. aE> lU. 1. * Or, Jul. b Lev. K. 19-21. Mai. 1.8,14. He. 9. 14. 1 Pe. 1. 19. t Heb. son of a ye,r. Le. 23. 12. c Ex. 13. 3, 10. & 23. 15. & 34. 18. Le. 23. 5, 6. Nu.9.3,ll.&28. 16, 17. De. 16. 1, 6. Jos. 5. 10. 2 Ch. 30. 2, 15. Ez. 45. 21. Mat. 2ti. 19, &c. + Heb. between Vie PART V. INSTITUTION OF THE PASSOVER.*") ExoD. xii. 1-20. Tlie beginmng oftlie year is clmnged. 3 The Passover is instituted. 11 77/c rile of the Passover. 15 Unleavened bread. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, - " This "month shall be unto you the beginning of months ; it shall be the first month of the year to you. ^ Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying. In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a *lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for a house. "* And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls ; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb. ^ Your lamb shall be Hvithout blemish, a male iof the first year ; ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats. ^ And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month ; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it tin the evening. ('•') The account of the Passover is put together (in Exod. chap, xii.) to connect the history of its institution with that of its observance. It is how- ever evident from Exod. xii. 3, that the command for its observance was given on the tenth day of tlie month Nisan; and, in commemoration of this fact, the Jews were accustomed to select their victim for sacrifice four daj's before it was slain. By ob- serving tlie arrangement of the events related in this fifth part, we shall more clearly discern the very wonderful manner in which the wisdom of Providence impressed the Israelites with a contempt and hatred of idolatry, and directed their attention, at the same time, to their future Messiah. The eight plagues, which had now been inflicted u])on thel^gyptians must have convinced the Israel- ites of the vanity and folly of the Egyptian idolatry, and the certainty that their God was the only true God. While the effect of these eight judgments was still powerful, the people were ordered to pre- pare the Passover. On the very day in which the command was issued, the plague of darkness began ; while the children of Israel had light in their dwell- ings. Amid the silence and the terror of this fearful pause, they selected their victim, and made ready their Passover. Time was afforded them for reflection on the meaning of those ceremonies with which their victim was to be offered. The lamb was a propitiatory sacrifice ; and its blood was to be sprinkled upon the door, that the sword of the avenging angel might be turned aside from their families. Upon this sacrifice too they feasted ; and the lamb was so to be slain, and so to be eaten, that they must have lieen conscious that their legislator was either acting from an arbitrary and useless ca- price, or that each ])iacular rite and ceremony must have been ordained with some specific object. They could not have suspected their great prophet, at this terrible moment, of acting with caprice ; neither is it probable that they would have inquired in vain concerning the object of each ceremony. They must then have seen, through the clouds and shadows of the typical institutions, the brightness of that truth, " Christ our Passover is (to be) slain for us, therefore let us keep the feast." They must have known, that, by partaking of this feast, they entered into covenant with God, and that the sacrifice itself was exclusively mj-stical, referring to the future Great Sacrifice, the more perJFect atone- ment, by means of faith in which they were to be delivered from a worse bondage than even this of Egypt. Such (and many more of the same nature) were the reflections of the Israelites during the continuance of the plague of darkness. On the morning of the fourteenth, they prepare their victim for the knife : between the two evenings, that is, between the ninth and eleventh hours of the day, the very hour on which Christ died, the sacrifice is slain — the blood is sprinkled on the door post — the Passover is eaten, and the Israelites, with their loins girded, their shoes on their feet, and their staff in their hand, ready for their journey, only await the signal to leave "the land of Egypt. That signal is given : at midnight the firstborn are slain ; and, amidst the universal distress and agony of the Egyptians, the promise to the patriarchs is accom- plished, and the Israelites leave the land of bondage, with all the calmness and solemnity of a religious procession. — Vide Cudworth's True Kotion of the Lord's Supper ; Abp. Magee On the Atirncmmt, vol. i. p. 309. &c. ; Witsius, (Econ. Fed. lib. 4. c. 9. s. 35, .58; Hales' .'inal. vol. ii. p. HI'S; Lightfoot in loc. and vol. i. p. 707 ; on the two Evenings, vide Pfeiffer Diffic. loc. SS. Cent. Print, p. 225 ; for the last sentence of the note, vide Horsley's Bib. Crit. vol. i. p. 92; and Pfeiffer in loc. Cent. Prim. p. 229. Part VI.] THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT— NINTH PLAGUE. 145 d Ex. 13. 3, 6, 7. & 23. 18. & 34. 25. De. 16. 3. 1 Co. 5. 8. e De. 16. 7. /Ex.23. 18. h Nu. 33. 4. * Oi, princes. Ex. 21. 6. & 22. 28. Ps. 82. 1, 6. John 10. 34, 35. t Heb. for a de- struction. i Ex. 13. 9. j See ver. 8. k Ge. 17. 14. Nu. 9. 13. X Heb. soul, m See Ex. 13. 3. ' And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it. ^And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and "unleav- ened bread, and with bitter herbs they shall eat it. ^ Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but 'roast with fire ; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof. ^^ And -^ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning ; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire. " And thus shall ye eat it ; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff" in your hand ; and ye shall eat it in haste : it is the Lord's Passover. ^^For °1 will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast ; and ''against all the *gods of Egypt I will execute judgment : I am the Lord. ^^ And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are ; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you tto destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt. I'* And this day shall be unto you ^for a memorial, and ye shall keep it ^a feast to the Lord throughout your generations ; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever. ^^ Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread ; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses ; for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, Hhat soul shall be cut off" from Israel. ^^ And in the first day there shall be 'a holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be a holy convocation to you ; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every tman must eat, that only may be done of you. ^^ And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread ; for "'in this self- same day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt : therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever. ^^In "the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even. ^^ Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses ; for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut oft^ from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land. ^" Ye shall eat nothing leavened ; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread." PART VI. CONCLUSION OF THE TEN PLAGUES. Section I. — The Ninth Plague — TJiree Days' Darlcness.^^^^ ExoD. X. 21-27. 21 AND the Lord said unto Moses, " Stretch ''out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, *even darkness which may be felt." ^~ And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven ; and there was a Hhick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days : ^^ they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days : 'but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. 2-* And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, " Go ye, serve the Lord ; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed : let your httle ones also ] \\eh into our „q ^jt]^ vou." ^5 And Moscs Said, " Thou must give tus also sacrifices lianas. o J . „ it /^ l and burnt oflTerings, that we may sacrifice unto the Lord our uod. 22 Our cattle also shall go with us ; there shall not a hoof be left behind ; (15) The ninth plague asserted the same truths, moon, nor stars, could preserve them from this au- The heavenly host were the favorite objects of ado- pernatural darkness, ration with the Egyptians. Yet neither sun, nor VOL. I. 19 M SECT. I. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. a Ex. 9. 2-3. * Fleb. that one may feel dark- b Ps. 105.28. Wis. 17. 2, &c. c Ex. 8. 20. Wig. 146 THE PASSOVER EATEN— TENTH PLAGUE. [Period HI. for thereof must we take to serve the Lord our God ; and we know dEx. 4. 21. & not with what we must serve the Lord, until we come thither." -^But ' ■ the Lord ''hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go. SECT. II. Section IL — The Passover eaten; — The Tenth Plague — Tlie Firstborn A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. ExoD. X. 28, 29, chap. xi. 1-10, and chap. xii. 21- H&LEs, 1648. God's message to the Israelites to borroic jewels of their neighbours. 4 Moses threateneih Pharaoh „ with the death of the firstborn. — Chap. x. 28 Pharaoh banisheth Moses. — Chap. xii. 21 Tlie ^P Passover eaten. 29 Thefrstbom slain. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Yet will I bring one Esod. xi. plague more upon Pharaoh, and upon Egypt ; afterwards he a Ex. 12. 31, 33, will let you go heucc : "when he shall let you go, he shall surely ^^' thrust you out hence altogether. - Speak now in the ears of the people, and let every man borrow of his neighbour, and every woman of her i See Ex. 3. 22. neighbour, 'jewels of silver, and jewels of gold." ^ And ^the Lord gave e See Ex. 3. 21. ^|-,g people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man '*g2Sa^7.j.^st^. ''Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people. 'gSee^Ex. 12. 12, 4 j^,^^j Moscs Said, " Thus saith the Lord, 'About midnight will I / Am. 4. 10. go out into the midst of Egypt. ^ And •'^all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the ^5^17 wu^is^io' ^^^ ' ^"*^ ^'^ ^^^^ firstborn of beasts. ^ And 'there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there was none hke it, nor ft Ex. 8. 22. gj^^ji {jg Y\ke it any more. "But Vgainst any of the children of Israel iJo3. 10. 21. 'shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast; that ye may know how that the Lord doth put a diflerence between the Egyptians ; Ex. 12. 33. and Israel. ® And ^all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying. Get thee out, and all the people 'tS/ecffo^ju! *'h^^ follow thee ; and after that I will go out." ^^^ And (17)Exod. x. 4. 10. & 8. 5.' Pharaoh said unto him, " Get thee from me, take heed to 28,29. 2KJ.3.9. ' thyself, see my face no more ; for in that day thou seest my face thou shaft die." -^ And Moses said, " Thou hast spoken ^^^^ ^. iHeb. 11.27. well, *I will see thy face again no more." ^ And he went s-io. ^ Hih. heat of anr. out froiii Phaiaoh in fa great anger. I Ex.3. 19. & 7. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, "Pharaoh 'shall not hearken unto 4. & 10. 1. yQ^^ . ^^^^^ "-j^y wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt." '^^ And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh ; and »jEx.^io_. -M, 27. "the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the 22. ciiildren of Israel go out of his land. -^ Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said Esod. xii- oNu. 9. 4. 2Ki. unto them, " Draw "out and take you a tlamb according to ~- • soiMauae^is, your families, and kill the passover. '-^^ And ^'ye shall take a bunch of XOT,kid. hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel J) He'. 11.28. and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason ; and none ('6) The tenth plague was an assertion of the family united in the expression of sorrow : what right of Jehovah to the firstborn. In the patri- must'the scene have been, wl)en. at midnight, the archal dispensation, which tlie Egyptians had per- Lord smote all the firstborn of the land of Egypt, verted, the firstborn were devoted to God ; in addi- from the firstborn of Pharaoh on the throne, to the lion to which, Moses liad declared Israel to be the firstborn of tlie captive in the dungeon : when the firstborn of Jehovah. The true God therefore de- kin^, and his servants, and all the people, rose up manded those of the children of the Egyptians who in the night : and " there was a great cry in Egypt ; ought to have been dedicated to his service. He for there was not a house where there was not one destroyed them in a moment, at midnight. The dead !'" — Bryant On the Plag-iies, &c. ; Bishop Israelites were saved, by eating the god whom the Gleig's Dissrrtntion, in Stackhouse, vol. i. p. 472 ; Egyptians worshipped. The terrors of that mo- Hales' .^nahj.iis, vol. ii. p. It:()-in9. ment have never been equalled by any scene of ('') These two verses are inserted here on the distress which has since been recorded in history, authority of Dr. Hales (.^7ial. vol. ii. p. 197); the It was the custom of the Egyptians to rush from rest of the arrangement of this part is made on the the house into the street, to bewail the dead with authority of Lightfoot. loud and bitter outcries ; and every member of the Part VIIL] g Ez. 9. 6. Re. 7. 3. & 9. 4. r2Sa. 24. 16. I Co. 10. 10. s Ex. 3. 8, 17. £Ex. 13.8, 14. De. 32. 7. Jos. 4. 6. Ps. 78. 6. ; Ex. 4. 31. He. 11. 38. «> Nu. 8. 17. & 33. 4. Ps. 78. 51. & 105. 36. & 135. 8. & 136. 10. zEx. 4. 23.& 11. 5. Wis. 18. 11. X Heb. house of the pit. y Pr. 21. 13. Am. 5. 17.Ja.2. 13. PART VII. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Egypt. a Ex. 11. 1. Ps. 105. 38. 4 Ex. 10. 9. c Ex. 10. 26. d Ge. 27. 34. eEx. 11.8. /Ge. 20. 3. Or, We are all as dead men.— Ed. * Or, dough. Ex. 8.3. g- Ex. 3. 22. & 11. 2. h See Ex. 3. 21. ; See Ge. 15. 13. I Heb. a night of obseroations. See De. 16. 6. THE EXODUS— FIRST JOURNEY. 147 of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning. 23 For the Lord will pass through to smite the Egyptians ; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the Lord will pass over the door, and 'will not suffer 'the Destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you. '-^^ And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever. -^And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the Lord will give you, 'ac- cording as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service. ^6 And 4t shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this That ye shall say. It is the sacrifice of the Lord's Passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses." And the people "bowed the head and worshipped. ^^ And the children of Israel went away, and Mid as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they. 23 And it came to pass, that at midnight "the Lord smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, ^from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the tdun- geon ; and all the firstborn of cattle. ^^ And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians ; and there was ^a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where there was not one dead. PART VII THE EXODUS. ExoD. xii. 31-36, and 40-42. 31 AND °he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, " Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, 'both ye and the chil- dren of Israel ; and go, serve the Lord, as ye have said. ^^ Also 'take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone : and "bless me also." ^^ And 'the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste ; for they said, " We -^e all dead men." ^'^ And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their *kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders. ^^ And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses ; and they borrowed of the Egyptians 'jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment, ^e And Hhe Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians. 40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was 'four hundred and thirty years. ^^ And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that alPthe hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Ecypt. '^^ It is ta night to be much observed unto the Lord for bring- ing them out from the land of Egypt : this is that night of the Lord to'be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Rameses to Suc- coth. PART VIII. THE WANDERING IN THE WILDERNESS. Section I. — The First Journey — Froin Rameses to Succotk.^^^^ Num. xxxiii. 1-5.— Exod. xii. 37-39. 1 THESE are the journeys of the children of Israel, which Num xxxiii. went forth out of the land of Egypt with their armies under ('8) For the sake of greater clearness, the wan- derings of the Israelites in the wilderness are ar- might have entered Canaan within th£_ space of rano-ed, according to the itinerary of Moses, Numb, forty days, xxxiii., in forty-two journeyings. The Israelites entered Canaan with instead of forty years. They were 148 THE WANDERING IN THE WILDERNESS; [Period IIL the hand of Moses and Aaron. ^ And Moses wrote their goings out according to their journeys by the commandment of the Lord : and these are their journeys according to their goings out. ^ And they de- o Ex. 12, 2. & 13. parted from Rameses in "the first month, on the fifteentli day of the first month ; on the morrow after the Passover the cliildren of Israel JEx. 14.8. went out 'with a high hand in the sight of all the Egyptians. "* For the cEx. 12. 29. Egyptians buried all their firstborn, "which the Lord had smitten among M^i/V^ig^i. them ; ''upon their gods also the Lord executed judgments. Re. 12. s. 37 ^jjd the children of Israel journeyed from 'Rameses to ^^.°°„,^"- eGe.47. 11. Succoth, about ^six hundred thousand on foot that were men, /Ge. 12. 2. & 46. bcsidcs children. ^'^ And *a mixed multitude went up also with them; Nu.i'. 46. &'ii. and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle. ■^'-'And tiiey baked un- *^Heb a •n-eat Icavencd cakcs of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, miziure.%u. 11. for it was not leavened ; because ^they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. Num. xxxiii. 5. And the children of Israel removed from Rameses, and pitched in Succoth. SECT\ u. Section II. — The Command for Observing the Passover is renewed. A. M. 2513. ExoD. xii. 43, to the end, and xiii. 1-19. The ordinance of the Passover. — Chap. xiii. 1 The firstborn are sanctified to God. 3 Tlie memo- rial of the Passover is commanded. 1 1 ThefrstUngs of beasts are set apart. 17 The Israelites go out of Egypt, and carry Joseph's bones with them. ■^3 And the Lord said unto Moses and Aaron, " This is "the ordinance a Nu. 9. 14. of the Passover. There shall no stranger eat thereof ; '^ but every b Ge. 17. 12, 13. man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast ''circumcised cLe.22. 10. him, then shall he eat thereof. "^^ A 'foreigner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof. "^^ In one house shall it be eaten ; thou shall not d Nu. 9. 12. John carry forth aught of the flesh abroad out of the house ; neither "shall «n'u. 9. 13. ye break a bone thereof. •*' All the congregation of Israel shall *keep *Heb. doif. it. 48^j^(j -^when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the /Nu.9. 14. Passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it ; and he shall be as one that is born in the land ; ^nu. 15^15, 16. for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof. '^^One ^law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you." ^^ Thus did all the children of Israel ; as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they. ^^ And it came to pass the selfsame day, A See Ex. 3.8. t}^a,t the LoRD 'did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, -" Sanctify Exod. xiii. Ex. 22. 29, 30. 'unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb l-i'*- 2tj. Nu. 3. 1*3. & amono; the children of Israel, both of man and of beast : it is mine.'* 8. 16, 17. & r ^ B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Succotli. 3 And Moses said unto the people, "Remember nhis day, in which Ex i^i6 42 y^ ^^"^*^ ^^^ ^""^'^ Egypt, out of the house of tbondage ; for *by strength 'of hand the Lord brought you out from this place : 'there shall no leavened bread be eaten. '^ This '"day came ye out in the month Abib. ^ " And it shall be when the Lord shall "bring thee into the land of the Canaanites, and the Ilittites, and the Amorites, and the Hivitcs, and the Jebusites, which he "sware unto thy fathers to give thee, a land pEx. 12.25,26. flowing with milk and honey, ''that thou shall keep this service in this ilrie^"' ^'' ^' month. ^ Seven Mays thou shall eat unleavened bread, and in llie seventh day shall be a feast to the Lord. ^ Unleavened bread shall be See Ex. 12. 8, ealcn seven days ; and there shall '"no leavened bread be seen with thee, neither shall there be leaven seen with thee in all thy quarters. j Ex. 12, t Heb. servants. l! See Ex. 6. 1. I Ex. 12. 8. m Ex. 23. 15. & 34. 18. De. 10. 71 See Ex. 3. 8. i See Ge. 12. 2. however commanded to wander in the wilderness had been corrupted by Egyptian superstition, would during that length of time for the wisest purposes, have died away — and the rising generation, sup- They^were by tiiis means gradually inured to war, ported by continued miracles, would be trained up and prepared for obtaining possession of the proiii- in obedience to the God of their fathers. — Burnet's ised land — they were not in so much danger of re- Boyle s Lecture, vol. ii. p. 193. lapsing into idolatry — the old generation, which Part VIII.] t Ex. 1-3. 14. Nu. 15. 39. De. (i. 8. & 11. 18. Pr. 1. 9. [s. 49. 16. Je. 23. -24. Mat. 23. 5. u Ex. 12. 14, 24. J Keb. cause to pass over. See THIRD JOURNEY— TO PI-HAHIROTH. 149 Or, kid. X Nu. 3. 4G, 47. y Ex. 12. 26. De. 6. 20. Jos. 4. U, 21. t Heb. to-morrojo. I Ex. 12. 29. a Ex. 14. 11, 12. Nu. 14. 1-4. 6 De. 17. li;. c Ex. 14. 2. Nu. 33. 6, &.C. I Or, by Jive in a rank. d See Ge. 50. 25. SECT. III. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Succoth to Etham. a Ex. 14. 19, 24. & 23. 20. &. 32. 34. & 33. 2, 14. & 40. 34-38. Nu. 9. 15. & 10. 34. & 14. 14. & 20. 16. De. 1. 33. Jo3. 5. 13. Ne. 9. 12, 19. Ps. 78. 14. &; 91. 11. & 99. 7. & 105. 39. Is. 4. 5. & 63. 9. 1 Co. 10. 1. SECT. IV. A. M. 2513. B. C. 1491. Hales, 1648. Etham to Pi- hahiroth. a Ex. 13. 18, i Je. 44. 1. ^ " And thou shalt 'show thy son in that day, saying, This is done because of that which the Lord did unto me when I caine fortli out of Egypt. » And it shall be for 'a sign unto thee upon thy hand, and for a^'memorial between thine eyes, that the Lord's law may be in thy mouth ; for with a strong hand hath the Lord brought thee out of Egypt. ^^ Thou "shalt therefore keep this ordinance in his season from year to year. 11 " And it shall be when the Lord shall bring thee into the land of the Canaanites, as "he sware unto thee and to thy fathers, and shall give it thee, ^^ that thou shalt tset apart unto the Lord all that openeth the matrix, and every firstling that cometh of a beast which thou hast ; the males shall be the Lord's. i=^And "every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a *lamb, and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break his neck ; and all the firstborn of man among thy children ""shalt thou redeem. i"! " And ^it shall be when thy son asketh thee tin time to come, saying, What is this ? that thou shalt say unto him, By strength of hand the Lord brought us out from Egypt, from the house of bondage. ^^ And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go, that "the Lord slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of beast : therefore I sacrifice to the Lord all that openeth the matrix, being males ; but all the firstborn of my children I redeem. ^^ And it shall be for a token upon thy hand, and for front- lets between thine eyes ; for by strength of hand the Lord brought us forth out of Egypt." 1^ And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said, "Lest peradventure the people "repent when they see war, and Hhey return to Egypt." ^^ But God 'led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red Sea ; and the children of Israel went up t harnessed out of the land of Egypt. I'JAnd Moses took the bones of Joseph with him ; for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying, " God ''will surely visit you, and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you." Section III. — The Second Journey — From Succoth to Etham. ExoD. xiii. 20, to the enrf.— Num. xxxiii. 6. The Israelites come to Etham. God guideth them by a pillar of a cloud, and a pillar of fire. 20 And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness. "^ And the Lord "went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way ; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light, to go by day and night. 22 He took not away the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people. Num. xxxiii. G. And they departed from Succoth, and pitched in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness. Section IV. — The Third Journey — From Etham to Pi-hahiroth ; — Pharaoh's Army approaches. Num. xxxiii. 7.— Exod. xiv. 1-18. God instructeth the Israelites in their journey. 5 Pharaoh pursueth after them. 10 The Israelites murmur. 13 Moses comforteth them. 15 God instructeth Moses. '' And they removed from Etham, and turned again unto Pi-hahiroth, which is before Baal-zephon : and they pitched before Migdol. 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, - " Speak unto the chil- dren of Israel, "that they turn and encamp before Pi-hahiroth, between ^Migdol and the sea, over against Baal-zephon ; before it shall ye en- camp by the sea. ^ For Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel, 150 THE WANDERIMG IN THE WILDERNESS ; [Period III. ePs.7i. 11. They "are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in. d Ex. 4. 21. 4 ^j^(j rfj ^yju harden Pharaoh's heart, that he shall follow after them, «E.T. 9. 16. Eo. and I 'will be honored upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; -^that the /Ex. 7. s! Egyptians may know that I am the Lord." And they did so, g'Ps. 105.05. ^And it was told the king of Egypt that the people fled; and 'the heart of Pharaoh and of his servants was turned against the people, and they said, '" Why have we done this, that we have let Israel go h Pr. 12. 15. from serving us ? " ^ And ''he made ready his chariot, and took his people i Ex. 15. 4. with him.'"^ '' And he took 'six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over every one of them. ^ And the j See Ex. 4.21. LoRD ^hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued k Ex. 6. 1. & 13. after the children of Israel ; and 'the children of Israel went out with J Ex^ 15.^. Jos. a high hand. ^ But the 'Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and 21. 6. 1 Mac. 4. chanots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal-zephon. ^*' And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them ; and they m Jos. 94. 7. Ne. wcrc sorc afraid, and the children of Israel "cried out unto the Lord. & lof.'e.^' "' " And "they said unto Moses, '• Because there were no graves in Egypt, nPs. 106.7,8. hast tliou takcu us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou oEx. 5.21.&6. dealt thus with us, to cany us forth out of Egypt ? ^-Is "not this the word that we did tell thee in Egypt, saying, -Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians ? ' For it had been better for us to serve the ^».*^4i;fo,)3;i4'. Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness." * Or, for whereas ^^ Aud Moscs Said uuto the pcoplc, '" Fcar ^ye not, stand still, and see %iua,7to.'^' the salvation of the Lord, which he will show to you to-day : *for the d^y, ^c- Egyptians whom ye have seen to-day, ye shall see them again no more 'sQ.*&2o!*4.^o9: for ever. ^^ The 'Lord shall fight for you, and 'ye shall hold your peace." l%^cb%%^' ^^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Wherefore 'criest thou unto me ? Ne.^4. 20. Is. gpg^j, ^j^^^ ^j^g children of Israel, that they go forward. ^^ But lift 'thou up thy ro^, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it ; and the children of Israel shall go on dry ground through the midst of the rl3.30. ]5. sGe. 15.1. t Ex. 7. 19. (1*) Idolatry, in its grossest and most odious sequent ages, were known as the maritime Phoe- forms. had not been long'established in Egypt prior nicians, the Rephaim. the Perizzim, &c. At to the time of the E.vodus. The Egyptians, that is, length they invaded Egypt, where they made Ava- the ancient Alisraim, who received the people with ris, or Goshen, their chief residence. This event great kindness, and whom the Israelites were there- took place six years before the birth of Abraham, fore directed to consider with esteem and gratitude, Abimelech is supposed to have been a feudatory do not appear to have been idolators of this descrip- chief of this race : after the conference with Abra- tion in the time of Joseph. It is not improbable ham, he returned to Avaris. The shepherd kings that the preaching of Abraham might have had were expelled from Egypt by the native Misraim, great effect, and preserved the Misraim from the about fifteen years before Joseph was sold into surroundinor'contacrion. They were for a long time Egypt; and the province of Goshen, which was patriarchal°Monotheists. The wonderful miracles thus left vacant, was assigned to the family of wroutAis? to another, " tit is manna:" for they wist not what it was. And "johliTarir" ^^os6^ ^^^d ^^^^ them, " This 'is the bread which the Lord hath given '58°iCo. 10. 3.' you to eat. ^"^This is the thing which the Lord hath commanded, ^o^^w '**^''"' Grather of it every man according to his eating, an omer tfor every * Heb. soids. mau, according to the number of your *persons ; take ye every man for them w hich are in his tents." ^^ And the children of Israel did so, and gathered, some more, some less. ^^ And when they did mete it rsco. 8. 15. with an omer, ""he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack ; they gathered every man according to his eating. ^^ And Moses said, •' Let no man leave of it till th.e morning." ^^ Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto JVIoses, but some of them » -yaj- '"^- 25, 26, ^left of it Until the morning, and it bred worms, and stank ; and Moses 19,20. 1 Ti. 6. 1-11 oi ? , 1 , 1 • ■ 17. was wroth with them. -' And they gathered it every morning, every man according to his eating ; and when the sun waxed hot, it melted. ~- And it came to pass, that on the si.xth day they gathered twice as much bread, two oniers for one man ; and all the rulers of the con- gregation came and told Moses. -^ And he said unto them, " This is that which the Lord hath said, ' To-morrow^ is the rest of the holy Sabbath unto the Lord : ' bake that which ye will bake to-day, and seethe that ye will seethe ; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning." ^* And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade : and it did not stink, neither was there any worm therein. ^^ And Moses said, '• Eat that to-day, for to-day is a Sabbath t Ex. 20. 8-10. unto the Lord ; to-day ye shall not find it in the field. '^^ Six 'days ye shall gather it ; but on the seventh day, which is the Sabbath, in it there shall be none." ^~ And it came to pass, that there w^ent out some of the people on the seventh day for to gather, and they found none. ~* x\nd the Lord "4 'lo ii' & 10^' ^^^^ ""^° Moses, '-How long "refuse ye to keep my commandments 13! ' "" ' and my laws ? ^'^ See ! for that the Lord hath given you the Sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days ; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day." ^^ So the people rested on the seventh day. ^^ And the V Nu. 11. 7, 8. house of Israel called the name thereof Manna ; "and it was like co- riander seed, white, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey. ■'-And Moses said, " This is the thing which the Lord commandeth. Fill an omer of it to be kept for your generations ; that they may see the bread wherewith I have fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from the land of Egypt." ^^And Moses said unto Aaron, 10 Heb. 9. !. '-Take "a pot, and put an omer full of manna therein, and lay it up before the Lord, to be kept for your generations." ^'^ As the Lord '&46S1' nIi^i7 commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up ^before the Testimony, to be 10. lie. 10. 5. '■ kept. '•^■' And the children of Israel did eat manna ^forty years, until yNu'..T3. 38. De. ^^^Y Came to a land inhabited ; they did eat manna, until they came ^- 2, 3. .io9. .5. unto the borders of the land of Canaan. ^'' Now an omer is the tenth if). .Ve. 9. 10,00, 21. John 6. 31, part 01 an ephah. NiM. xxxiii. n. And they removed from the Red Sea, .-ind encamped in the wilderness of Sin. Part VIII.] TENTH JOURNEY — WAR WITH AMALEK. 155 SECT. IX. Section IX. — The Eighth Jmirmy—From Sin to Dophkah ;—The Ninth Journey — F7-om Dophkah to Alush. B. c. 1491. Num. xxxiii. 12, 13. Hales, 1648. Dophkah. Alush. 12 And they took their journey out of the wilderness of Sin, and encamped in Dophkah. 12 And they departed from Dophkah, and encamped in Alush. cUe. 6, 78. 18, 41. Is, 12. Mat. 4. 7. 1 Co. 10. 9. dEx. 16.2. SECT. X. Section X. — The Tenth Journey — From Alush to Rephidim ; — The People — murmur for Water ; — War with Amalek. A. M. 2513. -^ B. c. 1491. ExoD. xvii. — Num. xxxiii. 14. Hales, 1648. 27ie people murmur for water at Rephidim. 5 God sendeth Moses for water to the rock inHoreb. Rephidim. 8 Anudek is overcome by the holding up of Moses' hands. 15 Moses buildeth the altar Jehovah- nissi. E, 16 1 ^ And "all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys, according to the command- ment of the Lord, and pitched in Rephidim ; and there was no water xu. 20. 3, 4. for the people to drink. ^ Wherefore Hhe people did chide with Moses, and said, " Give us water that we may drink." And Moses said unto P^- them, " Why chide ye with me? wherefore do ye 'tempt the Lord ? " ''■ ^' ^ And the people thirsted there for water ; and the people ''murmured against Moses, and said, " Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst ? " E Ex. 14.15. 4An(j Moses 'cried unto the Lord, saying, "What shall I do unto /I sa.^. 6. John ^jjjg people? tlicy be almost ready -^to stone me." ^And the Lord said /ez!'2^6.*'' ' unto Moses, " Go ^on before the people, and take with thee of the A Ex. 7. 20. Nu. elders of Israel; and thy rod, wherewith ''thou smotest the river, take iNu% 10 11 "1 thy hand, and go. ^ Behold, 'I will stand before thee there upon *Ps.'78.i5,2o.& tjie rock in Horeb ; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall l%t'.n!^l' come water out of it, that the people may drink." And Moses did so 1 Co. 10. 4. -^ ^j^^ ^.^.^^ ^^ ^j^g ^j^gj.g ^^ jgj.^gj^ 7 And he called the name of the *That^k,^«enta- place *Massah, and tMeribah, because of the chiding of the children p7'8h'7^&. If. of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, " Is the Lord t TifaUs^cLm.., among us, or not ? " i • -n i • r 9a i or, strife. ^ 'j'l^en ^camc Amalck, aiid fought with Israel in Kephidim. ^Ancl iSS'^t/"' Moses said unto 'Joshua, "Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Ac%'.45'1ie'.4. Amalck ; to-morrow I will stand on the top of the hill with 'the rod i Ex 4 20 of God in my hand." ^^ So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek ; and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the c« Ja. 5. 16. top of the hill. ^^ And it came to pass, when Moses "'held up his hand, that Israel prevailed ; and wiien he let down his hand, Amalek pre- vailed. 1^ But Moses' hands were heavy ; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon ; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his n Ex. 34. 27. hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side ; and his "isl^l'f'u' hands were steady until the going down of the sun. ^^ And Joshua dis- 2 Sal 8. 12! Ezra couifited Auialck aud his people with the edge of the sword. ^"^And A'iai is, ,he the Lord said unto Moses, " Write "this for a memorial in a book, and n^^^'eeyu'Z rchcarsc it in the ears of Joshua ; for °I will utterly put out the re- 2^- membrance of Amalek from under heaven." ^^ And Moses built an tekl^Xlf altar, and called the name of it tJEHOvAH-nissi ; '^ for he said, " *Be- %rf,^Ta/ cause tthe Lord hath sworn that the Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation." LORD, there fore, ire t ""^•j f ',^'"„"fg Num. xxxiii. 14. And they removed from Alush, and encamped at Rephidim, where upon of the LORD. was no water for the people to drink. 156 THE WANDERING IN THE WILDERNESS ; [Period III. SECT. XI. Section XI. — The Eleventh Journey — From Rcphidim to Sinai ; — Giving — of the Lmo. A, M. 2513. Num. xxxiii. 15.— Exon. xix. B. C. 1491. j,j^^ people come to Sinai. 3 God's message bij Moses unto the people mit of the mount. 8 Tlie Hales, 1647. people's answer returned again. 10 The people are prepared against the third day. 12 The Sinai. moinitain must not be touched. 16 The fearful prese?ice of God upon the mount. 15 And they departed from Rephidim, and pitched in the wilderness of Sinai. 1 In the third month, when tlic children of Israel were gone forth out of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness a Ex. 17. 1, 8. of Sinai. ^ For they were departed from "Rephidim, and were come to the desert of Sinai, and had pitched in the wilderness ; and there 4E.^. 3. 1,12. Israel camped before ''the mount. ^ And 'Moses went up unto God, •^„i^^g-g20- 21. Ac. ^^^ ^i^g Lord "called unto him out of the mountain, saying, "Thus d Ex. '3. 4. shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel ; e De. 29. 2. 4 Ye "havc sccn what I did unto the Egyptians, and how -^I bare you ■^^^9^Re"i2.H. on caglcs' wings, and brought you unto myself. ^ Now "'therefore, if g De. 5. 2. ye will obcy my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ''ye shall ]TelGl'\\ Job ^^ ^ peculiar treasure unto me above all people ; (for 'all the earth 'Ai^iTv^.-ii." is mine ;) ^and ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and a holy ic^.^VIg, 28. nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the chil- dren of Israel." '' And Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and laid before their faces all these words which tiie Lord commanded him. iEx.24.^7.De. 8 And ^all the people answered together, and said, '' All that the Lord 5.27.^:20.17. ^^^j^ spoken we will do." And Moses returned the words of the peo- *24.''i5f ie". De. 4. pie unto the Lord. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Lo, I come 12: & 97®2."!at. unto thcc 'in a thick cloud, 'that the people may hear when I speak ^^- ^- with thee, "and believe thee for ever." And Moses told the words of ZDe. 4. 12, 36. / , ,1 T John 12. 29, 30. the pCOple UlltO tllC LORD. fliEx. 14.31. 10 And the Lord said unto Moses, '' Go unto the people, and n Lev. 11. 44, 45. "sanctify them to-day and to-morrow, and let them "wash their clothes, ^gHHI^. " and be ready against the third day ; for the third day the Lord 15. 5. ■ PyfWX come down in the sight of all the people upon Mount Sinai. ^^ti^' ^' ^''' 12 And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, 5 He. 12. 20. rpj^i^g j^gg^j to yoursclvcs, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch *oy^ornct, ver. ^^^^ ^ordcr of it ; 'whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put r^^sa. 21.^4^5. to death. ^^ There shall not a hand touch it, but he shall surely be 7.^5. ■ ■ **■ stoned, or shot through ; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live. 'Jl-il'll-^ti. When the 'trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount." Ck. 8. 5.'& II.' 14 And Moses went down from the mount unto the people, and tEx.40.34.2Ch. sanctified the people ; and they washed their clothes. ^^ And he said u'R^'i 10 & 4. ""to the people, " Be ready against the third day : '^come not at your 1- wives." wDe' 4"fo' " ^^ A"^ it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there rDr.'4.u.&33. were 'thunders and lightnings, and 'a thick cloud upon the mount, and fi8.^7;8.'l^s.6!'4. the "voice of the trumpet exceeding loud f°^ so that all the ])cople that ^ixh\ &24 ^^^ "^ the camp 'trembled. ^^ And '"Moses brought forth the people ^7.''2Ch.■7. r-3. out of the camp to meet with God ; and they stood at the nether part *h4;5^rJ.'i5!8. of the mount. ^^ And "Mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because a Ps.' 68. 8. & 77. the Lord descended upon it ^in fire ; ""and the smoke thereof ascended 4^2tHe'!i2.26: as the smokc of a furnace, and "the whole mount quaked greatly. (20) The glory of the Angel Jehovah, which was will again come in the same Sliechinah, the glory- now seen, was the same as that in which he had of the Lord, as when he was then seen by the elders frequently appeared : and it is by no means improb- of Israel. Vide Mode's 15th Epistle, (Works, b. iv. able (as his future appearance at the close of the p. 7G2.) On the Groat Day of Judgment; Scott's present dispensation is uniformly described, as a Christian Life, 9th edit, folio, p. 52G ; Lowman On manifestation of himself in a human form,) that he the Shcchinah. Part VIII.l GIVING OF THE LAW— THE MORAL LAW. 157 6 Heb. 12. 21. 19 ^y^^\ ^j^eii the voice of the trumpet sounded long, and waxed louder "s^'l^pf 8i°''7 and louder, ^Moses spake, and 'God answered him by a voice, ^o And t Heb! coiae^i ' t^g LoRD Came down upon Mount Sinai, on the top of the mount : d See Ex. 3. 5. ^^j^j ^j^g Lqrd Called Moscs up to the top of the mount ; and Moses Sa. 6. 19. e Le. 10. 3. WCUt Up. -^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Go down, tcharge the /2la!6.7,8. pe';^ple7l'est they break through unto the Lord "to gaze, and many of g. Jos. 3. 4. Jj^^^^ perish. ^~ And let the priests also, which come near to the Lord, ______ 'sanctify themselves, lest the Lord n)reak forth upon them." ^3 And SPOT xn Moses said unto the Lord, " The people cannot come up to Mount — * Sinai ; for thou chargedst us, saying, ' Set ^bounds about the mount, A. M.2513. ^j^^ sanctify it.' " -■' And the Lord said unto him, " Away, get thee Sll'mi. down, and thou shalt come up, thou, and Aaron with thee ; but let Sinai. not the priests and the people break through to come up unto the — Lord, lest he break forth upon them." ~' So Moses went down unto a Pee Ge. 17. 8. ^^^ peoplc, and spakc unto them. * Heb. servants. SECTION XII. — The Moral Low. cDe. 5. 7. &6. „ 14.Je.25.6.& EXOD. X.X. „« r; , , ■ r ^5- 15- Thetencmiim.nd,mnts. \Q The people are afraid. tO Moses comforteth them. 2^ Llolatnj zsfor- d Le. 26. 1. De. bidden. 24. Oftchat sort tlie altar should be. gf :J"f j"; 1 And God spake all these words, saying,— c x ^ a 23. 7. 2"Ki.' 17. 2 c: I "am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out ot the land /E^.^ai!i4.De." of Egypt, 'out of the house of *bondage. j;f«f fg Na ^ " Thou 'shalt have no other gods before me. i?2.' ' ■ ■ 4 a Thou ''shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any hke- '^^\^tlA ness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth be- job's^'i'l-f neath, or that is in the water under the earth. ^ Thou 'shalt not bow 19. ps. 79.8: Is, jjQ^yj-^ thyself to them, nor serve them ; for I the Lord thy God am -^a a & 32^^i8.'' "■ jealous God, ^visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto '34\''o^ir28^^" the third and fourth generation of them that hate me ; -^ and ^showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my command- t Ex.23. 1. Le. 19. 12. De. 5. mentS. 1 /-I J • "^ " Thou ^shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God m vain ; 1. Ps. 15. Mat. 5. 33. ,,,,,• - - j Mic.6. 11. for the Lord ^will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 'Ne!i?if9.'* ' " Remember Hhe Sabbath day, to keep it holy. ^ Si.x days shalt Le. 6.2 71 De . ... ... ... ^.. thou labor, and do all thy work ; 1° but the seventh day is the Sabbath ]e-35''7"it"l9: of the Lord thy God : in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy Ma^t. 15.4. Ep. g^j^^ j^Qj. tj-jy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy '1. 5. 17. Mat. cattle, nor 'thy stranger that is within thy gates. ^^ For in six days the o'Df5''i8'M!; Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is and •'■■ 27- ' ' rested the seventh day : wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day J) he. 19. 11. De. , , ,, , -^ 5. 19. Aiat. 19. and hallowed it. i8.iThes.4.6. 12 a Honor '"thy father and thy mother, that thy days may be long 1 ^f \^- \:^^^. upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. ^3 '< Thou shalt not kill. '■'"o H^l-it' 1^ " Thou "shalt not commit adultery. &#Ro'- 1% '' " Thou ^shalt not steal. &i3.'9. Eph. 5. 16 a Thou 'shalt uot bear false witness against thy neighbour, /j'otsf g.^Pr 6. ^^ " Thou '"shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, 'thou shalt not covet '°'Ga~3woo" "is And all the people saw "the thunderings, and the lightnings, and h;.i2.i9. '" ■ tj^g j^oise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking; and when the "oe'- toe people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off. i^ And they said unto ''ui.'b."' ■ ■ Moses " Speak 'thou with us, and we will hear ; but "let not God speak " °t '6 'fi &'■ with us, lest we die." ^^ And Moses said unto the people, " Fear not ; for 20- Ks^'"' "God is come to prove you, and "that his fear maybe before your ^29° .le. 5. 8. Mat! ^j^ nciglibour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor^his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour' 20. & 28. 58. c.'i»^.'8.'i1.^°" faces, that ye sin not." VOL. I. 158 THE JUDICIAL LAW. ' [Period III. X Ex. 19. 16. y Ex. 32. 1, 2, 4 ^^ And the people stood afar off. and Moses drew near unto the 1 sa. 5. 4,'5'.' "^thick darkness where God was. ^-And the Lord said unto Moses, 20. 39. i 43. s!^' " Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that ?.\2Co^6.^4i I Ji^^'6 talked with you from heaven. ~^ Ye shall not make with me 15, 16. "gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold. ^^ An *2].\i4. 23. & altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon 2l^'i Ki.^8.*43!^& thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen : &?'.%?& 19.^' *^" ^ places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I Ne'^r9'Vs^'74 "^^ "blcss thce. ~^ And if 'thou wilt make mean altar of stone, thou 7. Je. v. 10, 12. ' shalt not f build it of hewn stone : for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, 4De!?7!'5.^"^' ^^^^ ^'^^^ polluted it. ""^ Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine t Heb. fru/w fAcn. altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon." with heicins. Heb. with his body. Ps. 40. 6. [ Ne. 5. 5. Section XIII. — The Judicial Law. .-ECT. xni. ExoD. xxi., xxii., and xxiii. ■ Late s for menservants. 5 For the servant whose ear is bored. 1 For tcom£7iservants. \2 For A. 51. 2513. manslaughter. 16 For stealers of men. \1 For cursers of parents. 18 For smiters. 22 For B. C. 1491. a hurt by chance. 28 For an ox that goreth. 33 For him that is an occasion of harm. — Chap. Hales, 1647. xxii. 1 Of theft. 5 Of damage. 7 Of trespasses. 14 Of borrowing. IG Of fornication. 18 Sinai. Of witchcraft. 19 Of beastiality. 2J0 Of idolatry. 21 Of strangers, widmos, and fatherless. * 25 Ofusurij. 26 Of pledges. 28 Of reverence to magistrates. 29 Of the frstfruits. - \Chap. xxiii. 1 Of slander and false witness. 3, G Of Justice. 4 Of charitableness. 10 Of the yeafof rest. 12 Of the Sahbath. 13 Of idolatnj. 14 Of the three feasts. IB Of the blood and the fat oftlve sacrifice. 20 An Angel is promised, with a blessing, rfthey obey him. ^ " Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them, a Le. 25. 39-41. 2u jf "tJiQu buy a Hcbrcw servant, six years he shall serve ; and in 34.'i4.' ■ " the seventh he shall go out free for nothing. ^ If he came in *by him- " self, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him. ^ If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters ; the wife and her children shall be 1: Reh. saying her master's, and he shall 2fo out bv himself. ^ And if the servant f shall sluiUsay.De.lo. i . , 4 i ' ■ r i i -i i t ii iti, 17. plainly say, 1 love my master, my wife, and my children, 1 will not go J See Ex. 12. 12. Q^t fj-gg . 6 ^j^gj^ j^jg master sliall bring him unto 'the judges, he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post, and his master shall 'bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall serve him for ever. ''' "■ And if a man ''sell his daughter to be a maidservant, she shall ^meyM^off^t "^t go out as the menservants do. ^ If she tplease not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then shall he let her be redeemed : to sell her unto a strange nation he shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her. ^ And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters. ^^ If he e 1 Co. 7. 5. take him another wife, her food, her raiment, ''and her duty of mar- riage, shall he not diminish. ^^ And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money. /SeeGe.9.6. 12 «« He -^that smitcth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to ^ Nu. 35. 22. De. death. ^^ And °if a man lie not in wait, but God ''deliver him into his A 1 Sa. 24. 4, 10, liaud ; then 'I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee. ^* But if tNu 35 11 De ^ "^^" comc "' presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with 'i9. 3. Jos. 20. 2. guile ; *thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die. ^^ And ■^35!'2o^n!l!'i9. ^^ that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death, n, 12. He. 10. 16 ic ^,j(j ;j^g ^|j^^ stealeth a man, and "'selleth him, or if he be "found * 1 Ki. 2. 28-34. in his hand, he shall surelv be put to death. i%^'ol^/-r]^' ^^ " And he that *curseth his father or his mother, shall surely be put 711 Ge. 37.28. to death. * ^""r^'i'^/'ft le ^^ " ^"^ ^^ "^^" strive together, and one smite tanother with a stone, 20.Y Pr. 20. 2o! or with liis fist, and he die not, but keepeth his bed ; ^^ if he rise again, t or/l^nct /*- ^^^ '^^'^^'^ abroad "upon his staff, then shall he that smote him be quit : bour. only he shall pay for tthe loss of his time, and shall cause him to be 'Vol'LTasin. thoroughly healed. isccasing. go ii ^,^ j jf ^ j^^^,-, j-p^j^g j^jg gervant, or his maid, with a rod, and he Part VIIL] THE JUDICIAL LAW. 159 * Heb. a.en.ed. die uiider liis liaiid ; he shall be surely *punished. ~^ Notwithstanding, if to. IbM."'- he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished ; ''for he is his money. p Le. 25. 45, 46. 22 a jf j^en strivo, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow ; he shall be surely punished, according as the woman's husband will lay upon him, and he shall g De. 92. 18, 19. ?pay as the judges determine. ^^ And if any mischief follow, then thou rLe.24. 20. De. shalt givc life for life, 21 eye "for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, 19. 21. Mat. 5. ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ 25 byj.„ing foj. buming, wound for wound, stripe for stripe. 26 u A,-i(j if a man smite the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish ; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake. ^^ And if he smite out his manservant's tooth, or his maidservant's tooth ; he shall let him go free for his tooth's sake. sGe.9.5. 28 u jf j^^ OX gorc a man or a woman, that they die ; then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall be quit. ^9 But if the ox were wont to push with his horn in time past, and it hath been testified to his owner, and he hath not kept him in, but that he hath killed a man or a woman ; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death, ^o If there be «Nu.35.3i. laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for 'the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him. ^i Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him. ^^ If the ox shall push a manservant or maidservant ; he shall give «seeze.ii.]2, uuto their master "thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned. i3.^Mat.^2G. 15. 33 ,, ^^^^ |f ^ ^^„ gj^j^U opg^ ^ pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an ass fall therein ; '-^^ the owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money unto the owner of them ; and the dead beast shall be his. 35 " And if one man's ox hurt another's, that he die ; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it ; and the dead ox also they shall divide. ^^ Or if it be known that the ox hath used to push in time past, and his owner hath not kept him in ; he shall surely pay ox for ox ; and the dead shall be his own. ^ Or, goat. 1 " If a man shall steal an ox, or a tsheep, and kill it, or Exod. xxn. r 2 sa. 12. 6. Lu. ggU [^ • he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and "four sheep 19.8. SeePr. 6. ' ' for a sheep. . , i j- 2 " If a thief be found "breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall ^"no blood be shed for him. ^ If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him ; for he should make full restitu- tion ; if he have nothing, then he shall be -'sold for his theft. ^ If the theft' be certainly 'found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep ; he shall "restore double. 5 " If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field ; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution. ^ If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith ; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution. 7 " If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff" to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house ; if the thief be found let him pay double. « If the thief be not found, then the master of 6 See Ex. 12. 12. the housc shall be brought unto the ^dges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neiahbour's goods. ^ For all manner of tres- pass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any cDe 25.].2Ch. manner of lost thing, which another challengeth to be his, ^the cause of both parties shall come before the judges ; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour. ^H( a. man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, 31. ■w Alal ■..^4 L43. iNu. 35. 27. y Ex. 21. 0. I Ex. 21. 16. a See ver Pr. 6. 31 • 1,7 19. 10. 160 THE JUDICIAL LAW. [Perior III. eGe ai^^g ^^ ^^^P ' ^^^ ^^ ^'^' ^^ ^^ ^*"^*' ^^ driven away, no man seeing it: /dI! 22. 28^29. ^^ then shall ''an oath of the Lord be between them both, that he t^Jeb.^wrtVA. Ge. hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods ; and the owner ^•866 06.34. 12. of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good. ^"^ And 'if A See Le. 19. 26, it be stolcu from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner t See Le. 18. 23. thorcof. ^^ If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, j Nu. 25. 2, 7, 8. and he shall not make good that which was torn. n.'2/3,5.*'*'*' ^"^^ And if a man borrow aught of his neighbour, and it be hurt, '=Le.i9.33.& or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it 2.5. 35. De. 10. , , r t. ■ r> , , * o i • , • i in i 19. je. 7. 6. Ze. good. ^"^ But if the owner thereoi be with it, he shall not make it zDe. 10. 18.&24. good ; if it be a hired thing, it came for his hire. 94* e" is^" i.^r* ^*^" And -^if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with 23! Ja. i'. 27. ' her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife. ^^ If her father utterly "35^9. Lu^' 18? 7. refuse to give her unto him, he shall Ipay money according to the jiJa. 5. 4. ^dowry of virgins. 5 De! 23. 19, 20. ^^ " Whosocvcr Uicth with a beast shall surely be put to death. ^^ ^^-.' c' «■ ^° " He •'that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the Lord only, he rJob22. 6. Pr. JO' J' 20. 16. Am. 2. 8. shall bc Utterly destroyed, t Ec. 10. 20! Ac. ^^ " Thou *shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him ; for ye were 23.4.jude8. straiigcrs in the land of Egypt. ~~Ye 'shall not afflict any widow, *8?9'.ffi2: 6."' or fatherless child. ~^ If thou afflict them in any wise, and they ""cry tHeb tkyfubicss. at all uuto mc, I will surely "hear their cry ; ~^and my "wrath shall t Heb! tear. wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword, and ^'your wives shall u See Ex. 13. 21, bc widows, and your children fatherless. V De.i5. 19. ^'^ " If 'thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, «.Le.22.27. thou shalt not be to him as a usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him ^9.''2.^De^i4.^2i. usury. ~*^ If ''thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou y Le. 22. 8. shalt dclivcr it unto him by that the sun goeth down ; ^^ for that is *i?e'.'i9!'iTps.^^ his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin : wherein shall he lelsee I'sl.^g. sleep ? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will 27. with J6. 3. hear ; for 'I am gracious. ^f.'^iL pJ.^^5, ^^ " Thou 'shalt not revile the *gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. sefi' Kit'i^ii -^ " Thou shalt not delay to ofler tthe first of thy ripe fruits, and of 13. Mat. 2G.59- thy tliouors ; "the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me. ^''Like- 61.Ac. C. 11,13. -Bill • I 1 • 1 • I 1 1 '" 1 a Ge. 19. 4,7. Ex. wiso shalt thou do With thiue oxen, and with thy sheep; seven days 1?; isffe 4.^4."' it siiall be with his dam, on the eighth day thou shalt give it me. Ai'24^27.'*' ~°' ^^ " "^"d ye shall be "^holy men unto me ; ^neither shall yc cat any b See Le. 19. i^u -flcsji that is tom of beasts in the field, ye shall cast it to the dogs. T "''''• ""•'"'f; 1 " Thou shalt not *raise a false report ; put not thy hand Exod. cDe.22. l.Job .,, -ii T •! '.' T mi (111 3i.'29.^Pr. 24. 17. With thc wickcd to bc au unrighteous Witness. ~ Ihou shalt '^xm. 4^i.Ro. i2.2o.^' not follow a multitude to do evil ; ''neither shalt thou tspeak in a cause dve^22.4^^' to decline after many to wrest judgment; ^neither shalt thou coun- t Or, wiu thou tenance a poor man in his cause. ^l^d'icuui^I 4 "If 'thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou ZZcSrlim; s'^^'t surely bring it back to him again. ^ If "thou see the ass of him vwusiwitmrdy' that hatcth thee lyini? under his burden, tand wouldest forbear to leave it to join J s ' withhim. help him, thou shalt surely help with him. '/^^^^•^^- '^"Thou 'shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause. g ?.iat.'27. 4. " Keep -^thee far from a false matter ; "and the innocent and righteous ARo. 1. 18. slay thou not ; ''for I will not justify thc wicked. \^V!^\^^' ■ ^ " And 'thou shalt take no gift ; for the gift blindeth *the wise, and * llcb. tlie seeing. . 1 f. 1 • 1 perverteth thc words of the righteous. .?• See Ex. 22. 21. 9 u ^jj.^ ^jj^^^ j.]jj^jj. ,^q^ opprcss a Stranger ; for ye know the f heart t Heb. soul. -^ . 1' -ii/rrii 01 a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land ot iiigypt. ft Le. 25. 3, 4. '""And'^six yoars thon shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof: ^4)ut the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie Part VIII.] THE ISRAELITES COVENANT TO OBSERVE THE LAW. 161 Jo^/'otV ?'" ' *^^* ^''^ P''^' °^ ^^y P^^P'^ "^^y eat; and what they leave tlie m Ep. 5. lo.'i Ti. ^ea^ts o^ t'^e field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thv 4- 16. vineyard, and with thy toliveyard. "la.^i^ofos!^?: ^^ " Six 'days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou oL-M%3.-Le f'^a't ^"^^t ' t'^a* t^""^ OX a"d thine ass may rest, and the son of thy ^.4.De.io.i6. handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed, i^^ And in all things jrlatoo:''''" t^l^Vl ^^=^^e «aid unto you '"be circumspect; and "make no mention r Ex. 34. 23. «{ the nauic of other gods, neither let it be heard out of thy mouth :S::S:S: i5^V'^i'fl7""^'/''°" ''^^^^ keep a feast unto me in the year.' u See Ex. 12. 8. ^ "^^ ^^^It keep the feast of Unleavened Bread ; (thou shalt eat un- * Or' ill; leavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed .>Ex'.22. 29. & o^ t»e month Abib ; for in it thou camest out from Egypt; ^and none ViJy-.Nlfi fa" appear before me empty ;) i^ a„d 'the feast of Harvest, the first- lo'Ne tois- ,f ""^^^'l ^^^^'■'' '^^"^^^ t'lou hast sown in the field ; and ^the feast rr Ex. 34. 26. " ^^ Ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when thou hast X See Ex. 1.3. 21. gathered in thy labors out of the field. ^^ Three 'times in the year all 'ra Vy Eph- ^^^y "^ales shall appear before the Lord God. . Ef 3-f34%f , 'T ^''"""u "'''^T^^ "^^ ^^^' ^''^ ^^^^^ ^^' "^y sacrifice with leavened 18 i9.He3.iy. bread ; neither shall the fat of my *sacrifice remain until the morning. 19 The first of the firstfruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house ol the Lord thy God. '"Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk -- '• Behold, ^I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way tkee " and to bring thee mto the place which I have prepared, ^i Beware Ex. 33. 2. o^ '^»«' and obey his voice, '■'provoke him not ; for he will ^not pardon Job. ^4. 8,11. your transgressions: for "My Name is in him! 22 But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak ; then ^I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and tan adversary unto thine adver.saries I'or mine Angel shall go before thee, and "bring thee in unto the Amorites and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites and the Hivites, and the Jebusites ; and I will cut them off. ^4 Thou i Be. 7.13.&08.5. '^'^ "^1 ^^'^ ^'^^'i* ^o their gods, nor serve them, ^nor do after their j Ex. 15. 26. De. ^^^^^ ; but thou shalt Utterly overthrow them, and quite break down .De.\ 14.^28. l^,^'' ;rf '• T"^"? "r ''^^" ''''^ ^^^^ L°^^ >'«"r God, and 'he shall M-.t3'i-o^ii ., / '■?'*,' ""'"^J'y '^ater ; and ^I will take sickness away from /G:.'ia'^ 35. l^^ n"dst of thee. ^^ There ^shall nothing cast their young, nor be fohl'^^ilM- barren, in thy land; 'the number of thy days I will fulfil.^ ^7 j .^.jji Vr''-^\ !f" V. ^''^' ^''^'''^ ^^^^^ and will "destroy all the people to whom "De!n^25'"'- t^^ou Shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their tbacks «De.7.23. unto thee. ^''And T will send hornets before thee, which shall drive tHeb. n...Ps. out the Hivitc, thc Caiiaanitc, and the Hittite, from before thee. ^9 1 De.^7.20. Jos. Will uot drive them out from before thee in one year ; lest the land 1 John 5. 16. a Is. 9. 6. John 10. 30, 38. b Gen. 10. 3. t Or, Twill afflict them that afflict thee cEx, d Job. '24 e Ex. 20. 5. /Le. 18.3. g'Nu. 33. 59. A Ue. 6. 13. & 11. 13, 14. Jos. 22. 5. & 24. 14, 15, 21, 24. 1 Sn. 7. 3. & 12. 20, 24. Mat. 4. 10. iDe. 7.13.&28.5 K r I — -^ >.-"! ^c.uic nice in one year; lest tne Jand become desolate, and the beast of the field multiply against thee. ? Ge 12 7. Do. ^7 "ttlc and httle I will drive them out from before thee, until thou IkfVoroi''- b® increased, and inherit the land. ^liui. jn. „ 'p'l' t""^ '^ ""'"f/ thy bounds from the Red Sea even unto the sea of 1. 4. & n. 21. tne 1 Inlisiines, and from the desert unto the river ; for I will '^deliver the ^d::-7'V^'^^- inhabitants of the land into your hand, and thou shalt drive them out 'S^-j^'k^s-- A23-^T \ ,T 'shaltinake no covenant with them, norwith their 30. Jos. 33. 13 Ju. 2. 3. 1 Sa. I..,. - 2i.Pa. 106. 36. me ; for god SECT. XIV. - — "" ^"'^iidUL vviui iiiciii, nor vviin men- 1 hey shall not dwell in thy land, lest they make thee sin against it thou serve their gods, 'it will surely be a snare unto thee." Section XIY .— The Israelites covenant to observe the Law ;— Moses goes up into the Mountain. A.M. 2513. ExoD. xxiv. B. C. 1491. ^ZZuwdl'eiZrfVjH '""'"^T', I ^f ^j^P^f Pr^^^^ obedience. 4 Moses buildeth an altar, Hales, 1647. iTJT ^ ; H t " fpnnkleth the blood of the covenant. 9 The glory of God avveareth ^ And He said unto Moses, " Come up unto the Lord, thou, and VOL,. I- Ol ji, -1 *pj 162 THE CEREMONIAL LAW. [Period III. "lo.^'i,^: ^' ^' Aaron, "Nadab, and Abihu, ''and seventy of the elders of Israel ; and 6 Ex. 1. 5. Na.n. worship ye afar off. -And Moses alone shall come near the Lord ; but they shall not come nigh : neither shall the people go up with him." ^ And Moses came and told the people all the \Aords of the Lord, and all the judgments ; and all the people answered with one voice, ^S'^G&'i'R^'^' ^"*^ ^^'^' " ^^^ '^'^^ words which the Lord hath said will we do." ^ And sockets and bars. 31 The veil for tlie ark. 36 The hanorins: for the door. — Chap, xxvii. 1 21. i Ch. 39. 3, The altar of burnt offering, with the vessels thereof. 9 The court of the taliernacle enclosed with 9, 14. Ezra 2. hangings and pillars. 18 The measure of the court. 20 The oil for the lamp. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, - " Speak unto the chil- dren of Israel, that they *bring me an toffering : "of every man that 68. & 3, 10. Nc. 11.2. 2 Co. S. 12. & 9.7. (*') The institutions of the Lcvitical Law closely strenuously opposed by Witsius, in his ..^fryptiaca. resemble, in many particulars, the religioiis ceremo- The second theory is, that the ceremonial of tiie Gt n- nial in use amonif tiie Gentiles. The numerous tiles was borrowed from that of the Jews ; an opinion coincidences mentioned by Spencer, in his treatise supported bj* Gale in his Court of the Gentiles, by Dic- Dc LefTihiis Hebnrorum. sliow tliat this resemblance kenson in his Delphi Phcuicizantt.'t. by Stillingfleet in is not .iccidental. hiu ariiitrary and systematic. his Or/V/Hrs 6>/fr. nuinbcrest them. ^^ This *they shall give, evcry one that passeth among jLe'!*27.25. Nu. t''^"'" that are numbered, half a shekel after the shekel of the sanc- 3. 47. Ez. 45. 12. tuary ; (^a shekel is twenty gerahs) ; *a half shekel shall be the offering of the Lord. ^^ Every one that passeth among them that arc num- ^^i'^^t' ^''g ^^''6^5 ixo\\\ twenty years old and above, shall give an offering unto the c'c'i. 3.25.' ' ' Lord. ^^The 'rich shall not tgive more, and the poor shall not tgive t Heb. mu7tip«ff. iggg ^jj^n half a shekel when they give an offering unto the Lord, to X Heb. dimmish. i m r " i i r » i i i i i i TO See ver. 12. makc au atonement for your souls. "'And thou shalt take the atone- n Ex. 38. 25. mcnt moncy of the children of Israel, and "shalt appoint it for the ser- Part VIII.] STRUCTURE OF THE ALTAR OF INCENSE, &c. 171 oNu. iG. 40. vice of the tabernacle of the congregation ; that it may be "a memorial unto the children of Israel before the Lord, to make an atonement for your souls." 1^ And the Lobd spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Thou ^'shaltalso make a Laver of brass, and his foot also of brass, to wash withal ; and thou q Ex. 40. 7, 30. shalt 'put it bctweeu the tabernacle of the congregation and the altar, r Ex. 40. 31, 32. and thou shalt put water therein. ^^ For Aaron and his sons '"shall wash n'. John'ia'ia' their hands and their feet thereat. ~^ When they go into the tabernacle He. 10. 22. Qf ^i^g congregation, they shall wash with water, that they die not ; or wiien they come near to the altar to minister, to burn offering made by fire unto the Lokd. ^^ So they shall wash their hands and tlieir feet, s Ex. 28. 43. |.j^g|. ^j-jgy (jjg j-jQ^ . ^Q^j^^ j^ gj^all \)Q a^ Statute for ever to them, even to him and to his seed throughout their generations." ~~ Moreover the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ~^ " Take thou also t Cant. 4. 14. Ez. unto thcc 'principal spices, of pure "myrrh five hundred shekels, and u Ps. 45. 8. Pr. of sweet cinnamon half so much, even two hundred and fifty shekels, J- ^^- and of sweet "calamus two hundred and fifty shekels, -"* and of ""cassia inPs. 45~8. five hundred shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary, and of oil olive I Ex. 29. 40. a ""hin ; ^^and thou shalt make it an oil of holy ointment, an oint- yExlsT^arNu. ment compound after the art of the *apothecary: it shall be '■'a holy ao'&'iS'^^" anointing oil. ^^ And "thou shalt anoint the tabernacle of the con- iEx.4o.9.Le. grcgation therewith, and the ark of the testimony, ^^and the table 8.10. Nu. 7.1. ^^^ ^jj j^jg vessels, and the candlestick and his vessels, and the altar of incense, ^^and the altar of burnt offering with all his vessels, and the laver and his foot. ^^ And thou shalt sanctify them, that they may a Ex. 29. 37. \^q most holy : "whatsoever toucheth them shall be holy. -^"^ And 'thou *Ex. 29.7,&c. shalt anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that they may ^' " ' minister unto me in the priest's office. ^^ And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying. This shall be a holy anointing oil unto me throughout your generations. ^- Upon man's flesh shall it not be poured, neither shall ye make any other like it, after the composition of it : it is holy, and it shall be holy unto you. ^^ Whosoever compoundeth any ''u'i5'le'.-Llh ^i'^6 it, or whosoever putteth any of it upon a stranger, 'shall even be 21- cut off from his people." ^^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Take ''unto thee sweet spices, stacte, and onycha, and galbanum ; these sweet spices with pure frankincense ; of each shall there be a like weight. ^^ And thou shalt ^ueh. salted. -Le. make it a perfume, a confection after the art of the apothecary, ftem- pered together, pure and holy ; ^^ and thou shalt beat some of it very small, and put of it before the testimony in the tabernacle of the e Ex. 29. 42. L(!. congregation, Vhere I will meet with thee: -^it shall be unto you most fLe.~2. 3. holy. ^"^ And as for the perfume which thou shalt make, ye shall not make to yourselves according to the composition thereof; it shall be unto thee holy for the Lord. ^® Whosoever shall make like unto that, to smell thereto, shall even be cut off from his people." 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " See, °T have Exod. xxxi. called by name Bezaleel the ''son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah ; ^ and I have 'filled him with the Spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship, ^ to devise cunning works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass, ■^and in cutting of stones, to set them, and in carving of timber, to j Ex. 35. 34. work in all manner of workmanship. ^And I, behold, I have given ''^%t^'^'^^^' with him-'Aholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. And z Ex. 36. 8. in the hearts of all that are ''wise hearted I have put wisdom, that they ■m Ex. 37. 1. i^a^y make all that I have commanded thee ; ''' the 'tabernacle of the t Heb^rest''/^- congrcgation, and ""the ark of the testimony, and "the mercy seat that 9 Ex. 37. 10. is thereupon, and all the tfurniture of the tabtrnacle, ^and "the table g- Ex. 35, 36. 1. .30. &, A 1 Ch. 2 .20. i Ex. 35. 31. 172 AARON MAKES THE GOLDEN CALF. [Period IIL p Ex. 37. 17. and his furniture, and ''the pure candlesticiv with all his furniture, and gEx.38. 1. the altar of incense, ^and 'the altar of burnt otiering with all his fur- r Ex. 38.8. uiture, and '^the laver and his foot, ^^'and *the cloths of service, and *Nu'4^5 &f ' ^'^^' ^^^h' garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, t Ex. 30. '25, 31. to tninister in the priest's office, ^^and 'the anointing oil, and "sweet u^x^s? 34 & incense for tlie holy place : according to all that I have commanded Vag. ■ ■ thee shall they do." ^~ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak thou also unto ''i''';^^?;^'!''-,^ the children of Israel, saying, Verily "mv Sabbaths ye shall keep; for 26. 2. Ez. 20. 12, .... - ,^ 11' ■ 1 20. & 44. 24. it IS a Sign between me and you througliout your generations, that ye wEx^2o. 8. De. may know that I am the Lord that doth sanctify you. ^"^ Ye '"shall keep the Sabbath therefore, for it is holy unto you. Every one that defileth ^ Ex. 35. 2. Nu. it shall surely be put to death ; for ''whosoever doeth any work therein, y Ex. 20. 9. that soul shall be cut oft^ from among his people. ^^ Six Mays may work z Ge. 2. 2. Ex.16, bg done ; but in ""the seventh is the Sabbath of rest, *holy to the Lord : * iieh. holiness, whosocver doeth any work in the Sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. ^^ Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, to observe the Sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual cov- o Ez. 20. 12, 20. enant. ^"^ It is '^a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever ; *seeGe.hi, for 'in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the seventh c Ex. 24.' 12. & ^^y ^^^ rested, and was refreshed." 32. 15, 16. ■& 34. 18 And He gave unto Moses, when He had made an end of com- 5. 22. & 9! loi muning with him upon Mount Sinai, "^two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God. 11. 2 Co. 3. 3. Section XVIII. — Aaron makes the Golden Calf; — The First Tables of the SECT, xvni. Zittr^ broken; — Transactions in consequence. A. M. 2513. EsoD. xxxii. a7id xxxiii. B. C. 1491. The people, in the absence of Moses, cause Aaron to make a calf. 7 God is angered thereby. 11 At Hales, 1648. the entreaty of Moses he is appeased. 15 Moses cometh down with the tables. 19 He brealceth them. 1Q He destrmjeth the calf. 22 Aaron's e.rcuse for Iii7nself. 25 3Ioses causeth theidolators ^'°'*'- to be slain. 30 He prayethfor tlie people. — Chap, xxxiii. I The Lord refuseth to go as he had promised leith the people, i The people murmur thereat. 7 The tabernacle is re7noved out of the camp. 9 77(6 Lord talketh familiarly with Moses. 12 Moses desireth to see the glory of God. "9^9!^^'^^' ^^' ^ And when the people saw that Moses "delayed to come down out of the mount, the people gathered themselves together unto Aaron, and said unto him, " Up ! 'make us gods, which shall "go before us ; for as for this Moses, the man that brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him." ^ And Aaron said unto (fjudg. 8.24-27. them, "Break off the ''golden earrings, which are in the ears of your wives, of your sons, and of your daughters, and bring them unto me." ^ And all the people brake otf the golden earrings which were in their cEx.20. 23. De. ears, and brought them unto Aaron. "* And Hie received them at their 4. 1 kin. lb. 28.' hand, and fashioned it with a graving tool, after he liad made it a b Acta 7. 40. c Ex. 13. 21. Neh. 9. 18. Ps, 1011 19! 13.46! 6. molten calf; and they said, " These be thy gods, O Israel, which Acts 7. 41. Rom. j^^ought thcc up out of thc land of Egypt! " •'^And when Aaron saw /Lev. 23. 2, 4, 21, it, he built an altar before it ; and Aaron made -^proclamation, and said, 37. 2 Ki. 10. "" ' ' 2 Cliro. 30. 5, g- 1 Cor. 10. 7. To-morrow is a feast to the Lord." ^ And they rose u{) early on tlie morrow, and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; 'and the people sat down to cat and to drink, and rose up to play, 'i De. 9^ia j3x^ ^ And the Lord .said unto Moses, " Go, ''get thee down ; for thy people, iGe.6.ii,i2.De. vvhicli thou broughtcst out of the land of Egypt, 'have corrupted them- 2 19' 110^9 V"' selves; ^they have turned aside quickly out of the way which ^I com- Ex. 20. 3, 4, 23. manded them ; they have made them a molten calf, and have worshipped it, and have sacrificed thereunto, and said, ' These *be thy gods, O Israel, which have brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.'" '-^And the is' & 3^27^' ^-'Oi^^ *^'^i^l ""to Moses, "I 'have seen this people, and, behold, it is a 2 ch. 30.' 8. i9. stiff-necked people. ^" Now therefore let me alone, '"that my wrath may riEx.22^24. wax liot agaiust them, and tiiat I may consume them ; "and I will make iisTu. 14. 12. of thee a great nation." De. 9. 16. k 1 Ki. 12. I Ex. 33. 3, 5, Part VIII.] THE FIRST TABLES OF THE LAW BROKEN. 173 Deut. 9. 18, 26- ^^ And "MosGs bcsought *the Lord his God, and said, " Lord, why 'i'm-lt'.^'"' doth thy wrath wax hot against thy people, wliich thou liast brought *thc^LORD'"'^ forth out of the land of Egypt with great power, and with a mighty /nu. 14. 13. De. hand ? ^- Wherefore ''should the Egyptians speak, and say. For mis- 9.2d. &a2. 27. ^,j-^jg£ ^jj(j ]^g bring them out, to slay them in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth? Turn from thy fierce wrath, and repent of this evil against thy people. ^'-^ Remember Abra- ? Ge. 22. 16. Heb. ijani, Isaac, and Israel, thy servants, to whom thou 'swarest by thine rGe. 12.2,7. owu Self, and saidst unto them, ' I 'will multiply your seed as the stars of heaven, and all this land that I have spoken of will I give unto sDe.32.26.2Sa. your secd, and they shall inherit it for ever.' " ^"^ And the Lord 'repented 15.' Pe'. m^45!' of the evil which he thought to do unto his people. 13' lo.ioefitb. ^^ A"d 'Moses turned, and went down from the mount, and the Jon. 3. 10. & 4. 2. two tablcs of the testimony were in his hand : the tables were written t De. 9. 15. ^^^ j^^^j^ ^j^^.^ ^.^j^g _ ^^ ^j^^ ^^^ g-^^ ^j^j ^^ ^j^g Other were they writ- u Ex. 31. 18. ten. 1'^ And the "tables were the work of God, and the writing was the writing of God, graven upon the tables. ^^ And when Joshua heard the noise of the people as they shouted, he said unto Moses, " There is a noise of war in the camp." ^^ And he said, " It is not the voice of them that shout for mastery, neither is it the voice of them that cry \ Heh. weukness. fgj. f being ovcrcomc ; but the noise of them that sing do I hear." ^^ And it came to pass, as soon as he came nigh unto the camp, D De. 9. 16, 17. that "he saw the calf, and the dancing; and Moses' anger waxed hot, and he cast the tables out of his hands, and brake them beneath the w De. 9. 21. mount. '^^ And '"he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it in the fire, and ground it to powder, and strawed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it. ^^ And Moses said unto iGe.20.9. &.26. Aarou, " What ""did this people unto thee, that thou hast brought so great a sin upon them ? " ^^ ^j^^j Aaron said, " Let not the anger of J/ Ex.14. 11. & 15. my lord wax hot ; ^thou knowest the people, that they are set on mis- i: &\7.l',1!' chief. ^^ For they said unto me, ' Make us gods, which shall go before z Ex. 33. 4, 5. us ; for as for this Moses, the man that brought us up out of the land a 2 ch. 28. 19. of Egypt, wc wot uot what is become of him.' ^'^ And I said unto VJ;;'\?Smit them, ' Whosoever hath any gold, let them break it off.' So they gave "'"""• it me ; then I cast it into the fire, and there came out this calf." 6 Nu. 25. 5. De. 33. 9. 25 And when Moses saw that the people were ^naked, (for Aaron *sS'/' "^^ cff^r "^^^ made them naked unto their shame among ttheir enemies), a-lte. yourselves 26 then Moscs stood iu thc gate of the camp, and said, '• Who is on LORD,bllmcse the Lord's sidc ? let him come unto me." And all the sons of Levi T^il7ail!^t\is gathered themselves together unto him. ^7 And he said unto them, to4™ir ""&c! " Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Put every man his sword by his Nu. 25. 11-13. sifie, and go in and out from gate to gate throughout the camp, and &'33.9,io. I'sa. ''slay every man his brother, and every man his companion, and every s^ze.'fii'"'^^' man his neighbour." -^ And the children of Levi did according to the t He" Ftii^^oar ^^vd of Moscs ; and there fell of the people that day about three hand's. ' ^"'"^ thousand men. ^^ *For Moses had said, " tConsecrate yourselves to- ''/^^'.J^lig'-^- day to the Lord, even every man upon his son, and upon his brother ; d 3 .«;,. iG. 12. that he may bestow upon you a blessing this day." « Nu""! 13. ^'^ ^"d it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses said unto the /De. 9.18. people, " Ye 'have sinned a great sin; and now I will go up unto kP^i^'iS\om. the Lord, ''peradventure I shall make 'an atonement for your sin." "9.3. ■"■ ' 31 And Moses -^returned unto the Lord, and said, " Oh ! this people 'i^.d;^'i'2.^l' Imve sinned a great sin, and have ^made them gods of gold! ^2 Yet 3.'5!&f3.^!& now, if thou wilt forgive their sin — ; and if not, "blot me, I pray thee, 17. 8. & 20^12, 'out of thy book which thou hast written." =^=^And the Lord said unto Moses, " Whosoever ^hath sinned against me, him will I blot out of my book. ^^ Therefore now go, lead the people unto the place of 12. 19. j T.f. 23. 30. Ez VOL. I. 174 CONFERENCE OF MOSES WITH GOD. [Period III. k See Ex. 13. 21. which I havG spoken unto thee ; '^behold, mine Angel shall go before 'y^M^Ro^b^^'^e^ *^^^ • nevertheless 'in the day when I visit I will visit their sin upon »n2Sa. 12. 9. ' them." ^"^ And the Lord plagued the people, because ""they made the ACU7.41. ^^K^ ^^,j^j(,}j Aj^roj^ j^^aje^ ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Depart, and go up EsoD.xxxiij. n Ex. 32. 7. hcnce, thou "and the people which thou hast brought up out of the land of Egypt, unto the land which I sware unto Abraham, to oSeeGe. 12. 7. Isaac, and to Jacob, (saying, ' Unto "thy seed will I give it; ' ^And ''I 5 De! T.^'a^.^Jw.' ^^'^^^ send an Angel before thee, ''and I will drive out the Canaanite, the 24.11. Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jeb- r See Ex. 3. 8. usitc ;) ^ uuto ""a land flowing with milk and honey : for I will not go up s Ex. 32. 9. in the midst of thee ; for thou art 'a stiff'-necked people : lest 'I con- t Ex. 23. 21. & 32. xK ■ xi 3> 10. Nu. 16. 21, sume thee in the way. u*Nu. 14. 1 39. ^ "^"'^ when the people heard these evil tidings, "they mourned ; V Le. 10. 6.2 sa. "and uo man did put on him his ornaments. ^ For the Lord had said iy'.Vklf^'.f!' unto Moses, "Say unto the children of Israel, Ye are a stiff'-necked I's. Job K20.''' people : "I will come up into the midst of thee in a moment, and con- fiVif'^n" ^'^"^^ ^'^^® ' therefore now put off" thy ornaments from thee, that I may 23.SL%G.k.'' ''know what to do unto thee." ^ And the children of Israel stripped » See Nu. 16.45, themselvcs of their ornaments by the Mount Horeb. X De. 8. 2. Ps. ■'' And Moses took the tabernacle, and pitched it without the camp, y Ex. 29. 42, 43. '^^^'" ^^ froiii the cauip, ^and called it The Tabernacle of the Congre- iDe.4.29.2 Sa. gatiou. And it came to pass, that every one which "^sought the Lord went out unto the tabernacle of the congregation, which was without the camp. ^ And it came to pass, when Moses went out unto the tab- oNu. 16. 27. ernacle, that all the people rose up, and stood every man "at his tent door, and looked after Moses, until he was gone into the tabernacle. ^ And it came to pass, as Moses entered into the tabernacle, the cloudy pillar descended, and stood at the door of the tabernacle, and \'o?in\he n'e' ''^^^ LoRD 'talked with Moses. ^^ And all the people saw the cloudy brew. pillar stand at the tabernacle door ; and all the people rose up, and *3?.''i8^P3^'9f7. ^vorshipped, every man in his tent door. ^^ And ''the Lord spake unto c Ex. 4. 31. Moses face to face, as a man speaketh unto his friend. And he turned ^2.%.^Dc!34.^]o; again into the camp ; but 'his servant Joshua, the son of Nun, a e Ex. 24. 13. youug man, departed not out of the tabernacle. ^^ And Moses said unto the Lord, " See ! thou sayest unto me, ' Bring up this people ; ' and thou hast not let me know whom thou /Ge. 18. 10. Ps. wilt send Avith me. Yet thou hast said, ' I -^know thee by name, and '■"'^'n/iijs. thou hast also found grace in my sight.' ^^ Now therefore, I pray thee, if I have found grace in thy sight, ^show me now thy way, that &■ I may know thee, that I may find grace in thy sight; ''and consider that this nation is thy people." See Ex.' 13.2]. ^'^ And Hc Said, "My 'presence shall go with thee, and I will give J J>e. 3. 2n._.io9. thee •'rest." , ^^ And he said unto Him, " If thy presence go not with me, carry us not up hence. ^'' For wherein shall it be known here that I and thy N-n. 14. 14. people have found grace in thy sight ? ''is it not in that Thou goest ;ceGe. 17.8. witli US? 'so sliall wc bc Separated, I and thy people, from all the '"• ^'- '"• people that are upon the face of the earth." Go. 19.21. Ja. 1' And the Lord said unto Moses, "I '"will do this thing also that ■ "^' thou hast spoken : for thou hast found grace in my sight, and I know thee by name." I Tim. 0. 1". '^ And he said, "' I beseech thee, show me "thy glory." Ex. 31. 5, % 7. ''^ And He said, " I "will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the Name of the Lord before thee; ''and will be gra- & 4.4' iel cious to whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom I will snow mercy." ^^ And He said, " Thou canst not see my face ; for .loll 2 Tim. 2. 19. o- Ps. 2".. 4. & 27, ' I1.&86. 11 119.33. h See Ge. 17. 21.44. & 22. &23. LPs. 95. II. Je. 31. 14. p Ro. 9. 15, 16, Part VIII.] THE TABLES OF THE LAW RENEWED. 175 'RefL TefiV.^"' 'there shall no man see me, and live." -^ And the Lord said, " Behold, See Ex. 24. io. there is a pkco by me, and thou shalt stand upon u rock. ^^And it rK2. 21. shall come to pass, while my glory passeth by, that I will put thee ""in a cleft of the rock, and will 'cover thee with my hand while I pass by. 2^ And I will take away my hand, and thou shalt see my back parts ; but my face shall 'not be seen." Ex. 24. 10. 2. s Ps. 91 ; John 1. 13. SKCT. XIX. Section XIX. The Tables of the Law renetved. A. M. 2.513. ExoD. xxxiv. B. C. 1491. The tables are rejtewed. 5 The name of the Lord proclaimed. 8 Moses entreateth God logo with Hales, 1648. them. 10 God maketh a covenant with them, repeating certain duties of the first table. 28 Moses Sinai. after fortij days in the mount cometh down with the tables. 29 His face shineth, and lie covereth it icith a veil. ftDe'Jo'iV!' ^ ^^^ *^® l^ouB said unto Moses, " Hew "thee two tables of stone c Ex'. 19! 20.' ' like unto the first; 'and I will write upon these tables the words !^Ex. 19. 12, 13, that were in the first tables, which thou brakest. - And be ready in the E.x. 33. 19. Nu. morning, and come up in the morning unto Mount Sinai, and present •Nu M 18 2 CI. thyself there to me 'in the top of the mount. ^ And no man shall ''come 3o"'9.Ne.'9. 17.' up with thcc, neither let any m.an be seen throughout all the mount: .t&H5;8?j«ei ''^"d he hewed two tables of stone like unto the first; and Moses ~Ps"3i 19 Ro ^'^^^ ^^ ^^'^^ ^" ^^^ morning, and went up unto Mount Sinai, as the ^2. 4. ■ ■ °' Lord had commanded him, and took in his hand the two tables of A^P3.57. 10.& stone. ^ And the Lord descended in the cloud, and stood with him /Ex. 20.0. De. 5. there, and 'proclaimed the name of the Lord. '^And the Lord passed je'.S.fs.Df.g. by before him, and proclaimed, "The Lord, The Lord -^God, merciful ;P3. io3.3.Da. ^"^ gracious, long-suflfering, and abundant in ^goodness and ''truth, ijo %^' ^~' ^l^^^Pi"g 'mercy for thousands, ^forgiving iniquity and transgression and !c Ex"." -23. 7, 21. ^i"' ^^"d that will by no means clear the guilty ; visiting the iniquity of iS.'rifMtl^'' *'^® fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto 11. Na. 1.3. ■ the third and to the fourth generation." ^ And Moses made haste, and i^Ders!!^. Vs. 'bowed his head toward the earth, and worshipped. ^ And he said, Je! ih^iizo.' " ^^ "°^ ^ ^^^^^ ^^""^ S^^^^ "^ ^^y ^^g'^^' ^ L'^^'fl • l<2t my Lord, I pray 2?i2.' ■ "■ thee, go among us ; for it is a stiff-necked people ; and pardon our 'oDefS 2Sa i^i^^ity and our sin, and take us for '"thine inheritance." 7.23.pr77.H; I'^And He said, "Behold, "I make a covenant: before all thy people I will "do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, g De. 5. 32. uor iu any nation : and all the people among which thou art shall '"n^e^rl.ju'.fi!. ^^.^ the M^ork of the Lord ; for it ''is a terrible thing that I will do « Ex^23. 24. De. with thco. ^^ Obscrve 'thou that which I command "thee this day: * Heh. statues, bchold, I drivc out before thee the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and «De^.j.^5^& 12.^ the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite. ]8.4.'&23.~i4.'" ^"Take 'heed to thyself, lest thou make a covenant with the inhabit- «^Ex.'2o.'3,' .5. ^"^^ °^ *1^^ l^"*^ whither thou goest, lest it be for a snare in the midst of «sois. 9. b'.fc thee. ^^ But ye shall 'destroy their altars, break their * images, and 'cut »fEx.^2). 5. *^°^^'" ^'^^"' g»;oves. !■* For thou shalt worship "no other god, (for the zDe/31. iG.j.i. Lord, whose "name is Jealous, is a '"jealous God,) ^^ lest thou make a Iz!"gV9.' ^" °' covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they ''go a whoring 7, Nv a-j. 2. 1 Co. after their gods, and do sacrifice unto their gods, and one ^call thee, z ps.lofi. 28. and thou ""eat of his sacrifice ; ^^ and thou take of "their daughters a D^VV'i Ki°" ""^^ ^^^^ ^^"^' ^"^ ^^®"' ^^"gbters *go a whoring after their gods, and °ii.\iizra9.'2. make thy sons go a whoring after their gods. ^^Thou "shalt make iNu".25.T'2. ^^^^^ ^^ molten gods. cEx.32. 8. Le. ^^ " Tlic fcast of "^Unleavencd Bread slialt tliou kccp. Seven days d^see Ex. 12. c, thou shalt eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee, in the time of e se'eEx 13 4 ' ^'^^ ^^^o^th Abib ; for in the month ' Abib thou earnest out from Egypt. /sleEx.' 13.' 2.' ^° ^U ^that openeth the matrix is mine ; and every firstling among thy gEx. 13. 13. cattle, whether ox or sheep, that is male. ^^ But "the firstling of an ass 176 OFFERINGS OF THE PEOPLE [Period III. t Or, kid. h Ex. 23. 15. De. 16. IG. 1 Sa. 9. 7, 8. 2 Sa. 24. 24. i See Ge. 2. 2, 3. jEx.23. 16. De. It). 10, 13. J Heb. revolutiun of Uu year. kEx. 23. 14,17. De. 16. 16. I Ex. 33. 2. I.e. 18. 24. De. 7. 1. Ps. 78. 55. & 80. 8. m De. 12. 20. & 19.8. n See Ge. 35. .5. 2 Ch. 17. 10. Pr. 16. 7. Ac. 18. 10. o See Ex. 12. 8. y Ex. 12. 10. 5 Ex. 23. 19. De. 26. 2, 10. rDe. 14.21. sDe. 4. 13. &31. 9. lEx. 24. 18. De. 9. 9, 18. II ver. 1. Ex. 31. 18. De. 10. 2, 4. * Heb. words. V Ex. 32. 15. to Mat. 17. 2. 2 Co. 3. 7, 13. thou shalt redeem with a f lamb ; and if thou redeem him not, then slialt thou break his neck. All the firstborn of thy sons thou shalt redeem. And none shall appear before me 'empty. 21 " Si.\ 'days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest ; in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest. -"-••And ^ thou shalt observe the feast of Weeks, of the Firstfruits of Wheat Harvest, and the feast of Ingathering at the tyear's end. -^ " Thrice *in the year shall all your men children appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel. -"* For I will 'cast out the nations before thee, and ""enlarge thy borders ; "neither shall any man desire thy land when thou shalt go up to appear before the Lord thy God thrice in the year. -^"Thou "shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leaven ; ^neither shall the sacrifice of the feast of the Passover be left until the morning. ^''The 'first of the firstfruits of thy land thou shalt bring unto the house of the Lord thy God. "Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk." 2" And the Lord said unto Moses, " Write thou 'these words ; for after the tenor of these words I Have made a covenant with thee and with Israel." ^s And 'he was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights ; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And "he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten *commandments. -^ And it came to pass, when Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the "two tables of testimony in IMoses' hand, when he came down from the mount, that Moses wist not that "the skin of his face shone while he talked with Him. ^° And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone! and they were afraid to come nigh him. ^^ And Moses called unto them, and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned unto him ; and Moses talked with them. ^- And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh : 'and he gave them in commandment all that the Lord had spoken with him in Mount Sinai. ^^ And till Moses had done speaking with them, he put ^a veil on his face. ^* But when Moses went in before the LoiiD to speak with him, he took the veil oft', until he came out. And he came out, and spake unto the children of Israel that which he was commanded. ^^ And the children of Israel saw the face of Moses, that the skin of Moses' face shone ; and Moses put the veil upon his face again, until he went in to speak with Him. Section XX. — Offerings of the People for the Blaking of the Tabernacle ;— Furniture and Completion of the Tabernacle, and its Erection. EXOD. XXXV. to xl. The Sabbath. 4 The free gifts for the tabernacle. 20 Tli^ readiness of the people to offer. 30 Be- zaleel and Aholiab arc called to the tcork. — Chap, xxxvi. 1 The offerings are delivered to the workmen. 5 The liberality of the people is restrained. 8 The curtains of cherubim, l-t The curt xins of goats' hair. 19 The covering of skins. 20 Tlie boards ivith their sockets. 31 The bars. 33 Tlie veil. 37 The hanging for the door. — Chap, xxxvii. 1 The ark. 6 The mercy seat wUh chenMm. 10 The table with his vessels. 17 The candlestick trith his lamps and instru- ments. ^ The altar of incense. 29 The anointins: oil and sweet incense. — Chap, x.xxviii. 1 The altar of band offerins;. 8 The larer of brass. -9 The court. 21 The sum of that the people offered —Chnp. xxxix. 1 The cloths' of service and holij gamientt. 2 The ephod. 8 The brea.-ilplale. 22 The robe of the ephod. "27 Tlie coats, mitre, aiul girdle of fine linen. 30 The plate of the holy crouyn. 32 All is viewed aiul approved by Moses. — Chap. xl. 1 The iabernacle is commanded to be reared, 9 and anointed- 13 Aaron and his sons to be sanctified. 16 Moses performeth all tlmigs accordingly. 3i A cloud covercth the tabernacle. 1 And Moses gathered all the congregation of the children of Israel together, and said unto them, " These "are the words which the Lord 6See^Ge.2.2^Le. hath Commanded, that ye should do them. ~ Si.x ''days shall work be done, but on the seventh day there shall be to you *a holy day, a Sab- bath of rest to the Lord ; whosoever doeth work therein shall be put to death. ^ Ye 'shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the SabbatJi day." y 2 Co. 3. 13, 16. SECT. XX. A. M. '2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. Sinai. a Ex. 34. 32. 32, &c. De. 5. 12. Lu. 13. 14. * Heb. holiness, ! Ex. 16. 23. A Ex, .26. 1,&C. iEx. 25. 10, &c. jEx. 95. 23. k Ex. ,35. 30. Le. 24.. 5, C. I Ex. 25, 31, &c. mEx . 30 . 1. « Ex. .30. '23. oEx. ,30. 34. pEx. ,27. 1. Part VIII.] FOR THE MAKING OF THE TABERNACLE. 177 ^ And Moses spake unto all the congregation of the children of dEx. 25. 1, 2. Israel, saying, " This ''is the thing which the Lord commanded, say- ing, ^ ' Take ye from among you an offering unto the Lord, (who- t Ex. 25. 2. soever 'is of a wiUing heart, let him bring it, an offering of the Lord,) gold, and silver, and brass, ^ and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats' hair, ''' and rams' skins dyed red, and badgers' /Ex. 25. 6. skins, and shittim wood, ^ and oil for the light, ■''and spices for anoint- ing oil, and for the sweet incense, ^ and onyx stones, and stones to be ^Ex. 31. G. get for ti^g ephod, and for the breastplate. ^^ And ^every wise-hearted among you shall come, and make all that the Lord hath command- ed ; ^^ the ''tabernacle, his tent, and his covering, his taches, and his "■ boards, his bars, his pillars, and his sockets, ^^ the 'ark, and the staves thereof, with the mercy seat, and the veil of the covering, ^^ the stable, and his staves, and all his vessels, '^and the show-bread, ^^ the 'candlestick also for the light, and his furniture, and his lamps, with the oil for the light, ^^and '"the incense altar, and his staves, "and the anointing oil, and "the sweet incense, and the hanging for the door at the entering in of the tabernacle. ^^The ^'altar of burnt offering, with his brazen grate, his staves, and all his vessels, the laver and his 9EX. 27. 9. fQQt^ 1" the 'hangings of the court, his pillars, and their sockets, and the hanging for the door of the court, ^^ the pins of the tabernacle, r Ex. 31. 10. and the pins of the court, and their cords, ^^ the 'cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest's office.' " ^^ And all the congregation of the children of Israel departed from ^a'^faMs'^^g' ^^^^ presence of Moses. ^^And they came, (every one "whose heart &29. 9. Eir'a'?; stiricd him up, and every one whom his spirit made willing), and they &977.°" ' " brought the Lord's ofTering to the work of the tabernacle of the con- gregation, and for all his service, and for the holy garments. ^^And they came (both men and women, as many as were willing-hearted), and brought bracelets, and earrings, and rings, and tablets, all jewels of gold : and every man that offered offered an offering of gold unto ti ch.29. 8. the Lord. ~^And 'every man, with whom was found blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats' hair, and red skins of rams, and badgers' skins, brought them. ^' Every one that did offer an offering of silver and brass brought the Lord's offering; and every man, with whom was found shittim wood for any work of the service, brought it. "3f.''G.^' 36.*i. ^^ And all the women that were "wise-hearted did spin with their hands, lu'idTil'iZ' ^'^^^ brought that which they had spun, both of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine linen. ^''And all the women whose heart ^1 Ch.29. 6. stirred them up in wisdom spun goats' hair. ^^ And "the rulers brought Ezra 2. 68. ^^^^^ stoucs, and stones to be set, for the ephod, and for the breast- w Ex. 30. 23. plate ; ^^ and '"spice, and oil for the light, and for the anointing oil, and X See ver. 21. for the swcct inccnsc. ^^ The children of Israel brought a ""willing offering unto the Lord, every man and woman, whose heart made them willing to bring for all manner of work, which the Lord had com- manded to be made by the hand of Moses. y Ex. 31. 2, &.C. 30 Aud Moscs Said unto the children of Israel, " See ! '-'the Lord hath called by name Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah ; ^^ and he hath filled him with the Spirit of God, in wisdom, in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workman- ship ; ^^ and to devise curious works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass, ^^and in the cutting of stones, to set them, and in carv- ing of wood, to make any manner of cunning work. ^^ And he hath «wr IV Ex 31 P"^ "^ '^'^ heart that he may teach, both he, and "'Aholiab, the son of 3, 6.' 1 Ki. 7." 14." Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. ^^ Them hath he "filled with wisdom 23. 2G. ■ ■ '■ of heart, to work all manner of work, of the engraver, and of the VOL. I. 23 178 THE MAKING OF THE TABERNACLE, &c. [PEnioD III. cunning workman, and of the embroiderer, in blue, and in purple, in scarlet, and in fine linen, and of the weaver, even of them that do any work, and of those that devise cunning work." *6^& 35' 10^^^' ^Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every ''wise- Exou.xxxvi. hearted man, in whom the Lord put wisdom and understanding to know c Ex. 25. 8. how to work all manner of work for the service of the ^sanctuary, accord- ing to all that the Lord had commanded. ^ And Moses called Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise-hearted man, in whose heart tiie Lord had ''i^ch^^^s^' P*^^ wisdom, even every one ''whose heart stirred him up to come unto the work to do it. ^ And they received of Moses all the offering, which e Ex. 35. 27. the children of Israel 'had brought for the work of the service of the sanctuary, to make it withal. And they brought yet unto him free offerings every morning. '* And all the wise men, that wrought all the work of the sanctuary, came every man from his work \\hich they /2Co. 8. 2,3. made ; ^and they spake unto Moses, saying, " The •'"people bring much more than enough for the service of the work, which the Lord com- manded to make." ^ And Moses gave commandment, and tliey caused it to be proclaimed throughout the camp, saying, " Let neither man nor woman make any more work for the offering of the sanctuary." So the people were restrained from bringing. "^ For the stuff they had was sufficient for all the work to make it, and too much. g Ex. 26. 1. 8 And "every wise-hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine-twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet : with cherubim of cunning work made he them. ^ The length of one curtain was twenty and eight cubits, and the breadth of one curtain four cubits : the curtains were all of one size. ^^ And he coupled the five curtains one unto another : and the other five curtains he coupled one unto another. ^^ And he made loops of blue on the edge of one curtain from the selvedge in the coupling : likewise he made in the uttermost side of another curtain, in the coup- /t Ex. 26. 5. ling of the second. ^- Fifty ''loops made he in one curtain, and fifty loops made he in the edge of the curtain which was in the coupling of the second : the loops held one curtain to another. ^^ And he made fifty taches of gold, and coupled the curtains one unto another with the taches : so it became one tabernacle. i Ex. 26. 7. 1^ And 'he made curtains of goats' hair for the tent over the taberna- cle: eleven curtains he made them. ^^The length of one curtain was thirty cubits, and four cubits was the breadth of one curtain : the eleven curtains were of one size. ^^ And he coupled five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves. ^'' And he made fifty loops upon the uttermost edge of the curtain in the coupling, and fifty loops made he upon the edge of the curtain which coupleth the second. ^^ And he made fifty taches of brass to couple the tent together, that it might be one. jEx. 26. 14, 15. 1^ And^he made a covering for tiie tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of badgers' skins above that. 2" And he made boards for the tabernacle of shittim wood, standing up. 2^ The length of a board was ten cubits, and the breadth of a board one cubit and a half. ^- One board had two tenons, equally distant one from another: thus did he make for all the boards of the tabernacle. ~3 And he made boards for the tabernacle ; twenty boards for the south side southward. ~* And forty sockets of silver he made under the twenty boards; two sockets under one board for his two tenons, and two sockets under another board for his two tenons. ~^' And for the other side of the tabernacle, which is toward the north corner, he made twenty boards, ^'^ and their forty sockets of silver ; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board. ~" And for the sides of the tabernacle westward he made si.\ boards. ~^ And two boards made he Part VIII.] THE MAKING OF THE TABERNACLE, &c. 179 * Heb. the work of a needle work- er, or, embroider- n Ex. 25. 10. for the corners of the tabernacle in the two sides. ^QAnd they were V Heb. twined. fcouplcd beneath, and coupled together at the head thereof, to one ring : thus he did to both of them in both the corners, ^o And there were Xneh. two sock- eiffht boards; and their sockets were sixteen sockets of silver, tunder ets, two sockets " , , ^ ■ , unJerimc board, eveij board tWO SOCKCtS. k Ex. 2G. 06. 31 And he made 'bars of shittim wood ; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle, ^'-and five bars for the boards of the other side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the tabernacle for the sides westward. ^^And he made the middle bar to shoot through the boards from the one end to the other. 3"* And he overlaid the boards with gold, and made their rings of gold to be places for the bars, and overlaid the bars with gold. I Ex. 26. 31. 35 And he made 'a veil of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine-twined linen : with cherubim made he it of cunning work. ^^ And he made thereunto four pillars of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold : their hooks were of gold ; and he cast for them four sockets of silver. m Ex. -26. 33. 37 And hc made '"a hanging for the tabernacle door of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine-twined linen, *of needlework, =^^and the five pillars of it with their hooks ; and he overlaid their chapiters and their fillets with gold, but their five sockets were of brass. 1 And Bezaleel made "the ark of shittim wood : two cubits Exoo.xxxvii. and a half was the length of it, and a cubit and a half the breadth of it, and a cubit and a half the height of it. ^ And he overlaid it w^th pure gold within and without, and made a crown of gold to it round about. =^ And he cast for it four rings of gold, to be set by the four corners of it ; even two rings upon the one side of it, and two rings upon the other side of it. ^And he made staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold. ^ And he put the staves into the rings by the sides of the ark, to bear the ark. ^ And he made the "mercy seat of pure gold : two cubits and a half was the length thereof, and one cubit and a half the breadth thereof. ■^ And he made two cherubim of gold, beaten out of one piece made he them, on the two ends of the mercy seat, ^ (one cherub ton the end on this side, and another cherub ton the other end on that side,) out of the mercy seat made he the cherubim on the two ends thereof. ^ And the cherubim spread out their wings on high, and covered with their wings over the mercy seat, with their faces one to another ; even to the mercy seat-ward were the faces of the cherubim. ^^ And he made ''the table of shittim wood : two cubits was the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof. ^^ And he overlaid it with pure gold, and made there- unto a crown of gold round about. ^^ Also he made thereunto a border of a hand breadth round about ; and made a crown of gold for tlie border thereof round about. ^^ And he cast for it four rings of gold, and put the rings upon the four corners that were in the four feet thereof. !■* Over against the border were the rings, the places for the staves to bear the table. ^^ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold, to bear the table. ^'^And he made the vessels which were upon the table, his 'dishes, and his spoons, and his bowls, and his , covers *to cover withal, of pure gold. ^'' And he made the "candlestick of pure gold : of beaten work made he the candlestick ; his shaft, and his branch, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, were of the same. ^^ And six branches going out of the sides thereof; three branches of the candlestick out of the one side thereof, and three branches of the candlestick out of the other side thereof. ^^ Three bowls made after the fashion of almonds in one branch, a knop and a flower ; and three bowls made like almonds in another branch, Ex. 25. 17. t Or, out of, lVc I Or, out of, 4-c. p See Ex. 35. 180 THE MAKING OF THE ALTAR, Sic. [Pekiod HI. a knop and a flower : so throughout the six branches going out of the candlestick. -^ And in the candlestick were four bowls made like al- monds, his knops, and his flowers ; -^ and a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, according to the six branches going out of it. -^ Their knops and their branches were of the same ; all of it was one beaten work of pure gold. -•^ And he made his seven lamps, and his snuffbrs, and his snuftrlishes, of pure gold. ~^ Of a talent of pure gold made he it, and all the vessels thereof. sEx. 30. 1. 25^j^(j q^g made the incense altar of shittim wood : the length of it was a cubit, and the breadth of it a cubit ; it was foursquare ; and two cubits was the height of it ; the horns thereof were of the same. -^ And he overlaid it with pure gold, both the top of it, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns of it ; also he made unto it a crown of gold round about. -'''And he made two rings of gold for it under the crown thereof, by the two corners of it, upon the two sides thereof, to be places for the staves to bear it withal. ^^ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold. t Ex. 30. 23, 34. 29 ^j-,(j j^g made 'the holy anointing oil, and the pure incense of sweet spices, according to the work of the apothecary. u Ex. 27. 1. 1 And "he made the altar of burnt offering of shittim wood : Exod. five cubits was the length thereof, and five cubits the breadth thereof ; it was foursquare ; and three cubits the height thereof. ^ And he made the horns thereof on the four corners of it, (the horns thereof were of the same) ; and he overlaid it with brass. ^ And he made all the vessels of the altar, the pots, and the shovels, and the basons, and the flesh-hooks, and the firepans : all the vessels thereof made he of brass. "* And he made for the altar a brazen grate of network under the compass thereof beneath unto the midst of it. ^ And he cast four rings for the four ends of the grate of brass, to be places for the staves. " And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with brass. "And he put the staves into the rings on the sides of the altar, to bear it withal ; he made the altar hollow with boards. eEx. 30. 18. 8 And he made "the laver of brass, and the foot of it of brass, of the \0i, brazen gUss. flookiug-glasses of the women tassembling, which assembled at the door tueh. assembling of the tabcmacle of the congregation. I'srTir ^ "^"^ '^^ "^^*^^^ "^'^'^ court. On the South side southward the hang- u, Ex. 27. 9. ings of the court were of fine-twined linen, an hundred cubits. ^" Their pillars were twenty, and their brazen sockets twenty ; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets were of silver. ^^ And for the North side the hangings were an hundred cubits, their pillars were twenty, and their sockets of brass twenty ; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver. ^^ And for the AVest side were hangings of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten ; the hooks of the pillars, and their fillets of silver. ^^And for the East side eastward fifty cubits. ^''The hangings of the one side of the gate were fifteen cubits ; their pillars three, and their sockets three. ^'''And for the other side of the court gate, on this hand and that hand, were hangings of fifteen cubits ; their pillars three, and their sockets three. ^^ AH the liangings of the court round about were of fine-twined linen. ^^ And the sockets for the pillars were of brass ; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver ; and the overlaying of their chapiters of silver ; and all the pillars of the court were filleted with silver. "^ And the hanging for the gate of the court was needlework, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine- twined linen ; and twenty cubits was the length, and the height in the breadth was five cubits, answerable to the hangings of the court. "And their pillars were four, and their sockets of brass four; their hooks of 25,; Part VIII.] THE MAKING OF THE EPHOD, &c. 181 silver, and the overlaying of their chapiters and their fillets of silver. X Ex. 27. 19. 20 ^j^^ j^]j ^i^g ^pjns Qf the tabcmacle, and of the court round about, were of brass. y Nu. 1. 5^ 53. 21 'pj^jg ig thg sum of the tabernacle, even of ^the tabernacle of 11. &17. 7,8.'& testimony, as it was counted, according to the commandment of Moses, g!'"ac.'7^44.^^' for the service of the Levites, "by the hand of Ithamar, son to Aaron 2 Nu. 4. 28, 33. ti^g priest. 2~ And "Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe a Ex. 31. 2, 6. ^^ Judah, made all that the Lord commanded Moses. ^3 And with him was Ahohab, son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, an engraver, and a cunning workman, and an embroiderer in blue, and in purple, and in scarlet, and fine linen. ^^ All the gold that was occupied for the work in all the work of the holy place, even the gold of the offering, was twenty and nine talents, *Le'''5^*'i5^^&^7 ^"^ seven hundred and thirty shekels, after Hhe shekel of the sanctuary. 3, 25. Nu'. 3. 47'. 25 ^nd the silver of them that were numbered of the congregation was an hundred talents, and a thousand seven hundred and threescore and c Ex. 30. 13, 15. fifteen shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary. ^^A 'bekah for * Heb. avou. *every man, that is, half a shekel, after the shekel of the sanctuary, for every one that went to be numbered, from twenty years old and up- dNu. 1.46. ward, for "^six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred « Ex. 26. 19, 21, and fifty men. ^^ And of the hundred talents of silver were cast 'the sockets of the sanctuary, and the sockets of the veil ; an hundred sockets of the hundred talents, a talent for a socket. ^^ And of the thousand seven hundred seventy and five shekels he made hooks for the pillars, and overlaid their chapiters, and filleted them. ~^ And the brass of tlie oflfering was seventy talents, and two thousand and four hundred shekels. ^° And therewith he made the sockets to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and the brazen altar, and the brazen grate for it, and all the vessels of the altar, ^^ and the sockets of the court round about, and the sockets of the court gate, and all the pins of the tabernacle, and all the pins of the court round about. ^ And of ■'^the blue, and purple, and scarlet, they made Exod. xxxix. ^cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, and made the holy garments for Aaron ; ''as the Lord commanded Moses. ^ And 'he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine- twined linen. ^ And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet, and in the fine linen, with cunning work. '^ They made shoulderpieces for it, to couple it together : by the two edges was it coupled together. ^ And the curious girdle of his ephod, that was upon it, was of the same, according to the work thereof; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine-twined linen ; as the Lord commanded Moses. J Ex. 28. 9. 6 And ^they wrought onyx stones enclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel. ^ And he put them on the shoulders of the ephod, that they should be stones for fe Ex. 28. 12. a ''memorial to the children of Israel ; as the Lord commanded Moses. I Ex.28. 15. 8 And 'he made the breastplate of cunning work, like the work of the ephod ; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine-twined linen. '^ It was foursquare ; they made the breastplate double : a span was the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, being doubled. mEx.28. i7,&c. 10 And '"they set in it four rows of stones : the first row was a tsardius, t Or, rxib-ij. ^ topaz, and a carbuncle : this was the first row. ^^ And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. ^~ And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. i^'And the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper : they were enclosed in ouches of gold in their enclosings. ^^ And the stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a sig- VOL. I. P /Ex. 35. 23. C .31 19. . 10. A Ex .28. ,4. iEx. 28. 6. 182 THE COMPLETION OF THE TABERNACLE, &c. [Period HL net, every one witli his name, according to the twelve tribes. ^^ And they made upon the breastplate chains at the ends, of wreathen work of pure gold. ^^ And they made two ouches of gold, and two gold rings ; and put the two rings in the two ends of the breastplate, i'' And they put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate. ^^ And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulder- pieces of the ephod, before it. ^^ And they made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, upon the border of it, which was on the side of the ephod inward. ^° And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod under- neath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod. ^^ And they did bind the breast- plate by his rings unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod ; as the Lord commanded Moses. ^~ And "he made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue. nEx.28. 31. 23 ^,-,(j there was a hole in the midst of the robe, as the hole of a habergeon, with a band round about the hole, that it should not rend. ^^ And they made upon the hems of the robe pomegranates of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined linen. ^^ And they made "bells sEx. 28. 33. of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates upon the hem of tlie robe, round about between the pomegranates ; ^^ a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, round about the hem of the robe to minister in ; as the Lord commanded Moses. ^^And ''they made coats of fine linen of woven work for Aaron, p Ex. 28. 39, 40. ^jj^j f^j. |^jg g^j^g^ ^^ vLnd 'a mitrc of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of ^i-^'ii'i8^^' ^'^^ linen, and ''linen breeches of fine-twined linen, ^^ and ^a girdle r Ex. 28. 42. ^^ fiue-twiued linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, of needle- s Ex. 28. 39. work ; as the Lord commanded Moses. ^° And 'they made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and t Ex. 28. 3G, 37. wrotc upou it a writing, like to the engravings of a signet, " Holiness TO THE Lord." ^^ And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre ; as the Lord commanded Moses. •*^ Thus was all the work of the tabernacle of the tent of the congre- gation finished ; and the children of Israel did "according to all that the u Ex. 25. 40. Lord commanded Moses, so did they. •^^ And they brought the tabernacle unto Moses, the tent, and all his furniture, iiis taches, his boards, his bars, and his pillars, and his sock- ets, -'''and the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the veil of the covering, ^^ the ark of the testimony, and the staves thereof, and the mercy seat, ^^ the table, and all the vessels thereof, and the showbread, ^"^ the pure candlestick, with the lamps thereof, even with the lamps to be set in order, and all the vessels thereof, and the oil for light, ^^ and the golden altar, and the anoint- ing oil, and tthe sweet incense, and the hanging for the tabernacle Kf^^el'tlyl^' tloor, ^^ the brazen altar, and his grate of brass, his staves, and all his vessels, the laver and his foot, ""* the hangings of the court, iiis pillars, and his sockets, and the hanging for the court gate, his cords, and his pins, and all the vessels of the service of the tabernacle, for the tent of the congregation, "^^ the cloths of service to do service in the holy place, and the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and his sons' gar- ments, to minister in the priest's office. ''- According to all that the Lord commanded Moses, so the children of Israel "made all the work. ''^And Moses did look upon all the work, and, behold, they had done it as the Lord had commanded, even so had they done it ; and Moses '"blessed them. V Ex. 35. JO. w Le. 9. 22, 23. Nh. 6. 23. Jos. 22. C. 2 Sa. 6. 18. 1 Ki. 8. 14. 2 Ch. 30. 27. Part VIIL] THE ERECTION OF THE TABERNACLE, &c. 183 ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ~" On the first Esod. xl. z^Ex. 12. 2. & 13. day of the ""first month shalt thou set up ^the tabernacle of y ver. 17. Ex. the tent of the congregation. ^ And ""thou shalt put therein the ark of 26. i,aj. ^}^g testimony, and cover the ark with the veil. "* And "thou shalt bring '33.'n^u.'4?5.^^' in the table, 'and set in order *the things that are to be set in order Vo"' ^" ^''' ^^' "P°" ^^ 5 '^"^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^''^"g *" *'^® candlestick, and light the lamps b ver. 23. Ex. 25. thcrcof. ^ And thou shalt set the altar of gold for the incense before the *^Hob''ae^ordlr' ^^^ °^ ^^^ tcstimony, and put the hanging of the door to the taberna- thJrcof.'" "'' "" cle. ^ And thou shalt set the altar of the burnt offering before the door Tver. 3a Ex. 30. ^^ ^'^^ tabcmacle of the tent of the congregation. ^ And ''thou shalt set is!'' ■ ''■ ■ the laver between the tent of the congregation and the altar, and shalt put water therein. ^ And thou shalt set up the court round about, and hang up the hanging at the court gate. ^ And thou shalt take the e Ex. 30. 26. anointing oil, and 'anoint the tabernacle, and all that is therein, and shalt hallow it, and all the vessels thereof ; and it shall be holy. i° And thou shalt anoint the altar of the burnt offering, and all his vessels, t^Heb.^^o^n^^"/ and sauctify the altar : and it shall be an altar tmost holy. ^^ And thou sg.'-JMT. ^' shalt anoint the laver and his foot, and sanctify it. ^^ And ^thou shalt /Le. 8. 1-13. bring Aaron and his sons unto the door of the tabernacle of the con- gregation, and wash them with water. ^^ And thou shalt put upon g Ex. 28. 41. Aaron the holy garments, ^and anoint him, and sanctify him ; that he may minister unto me in the priest's office. ^^ And thou shalt bring his sons, and clothe them with coats. ^^ And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the ftNu.25. 13. priest's office ; for their anointing shall surely be ''an everlasting priest- iGe. 6. 22. j-^QQd throughout their generations." ^^ Thus did Moses ; 'according to all that the Lord commanded him, so did he. 1^ And it came to pass in the first month in the second year, on the iNu.7.1. first day of the month, that the ^tabernacle was reared up. ^^ And Moses reared up the tabernacle, and fastened his sockets, and set up the boards thereof, and put in the bars thereof, and reared up his pil- lars. ^^ And he spread abroad the tent over the tabernacle, and put the covering of the tent above upon it ; as the Lord commanded Moses. 20 And he took and put Hhe testimony into the ark, and set the staves on the ark, and put the mercy seat above upon the ark. ^^ And he brought the ark into the tabernacle, and 'set up the veil of the cov- ering, and covered the ark of the testimony ; as the Lord commanded Moses. ^2 And "he put the table in the tent of the congregation, upon the side of the tabernacle northward, without the veil. ^^ And he set the bread in order upon it before the Lord ; as the Lord had commanded Moses. ^'^ And "he put the candlestick in the tent of the congregation, over against the table, on the side of the tabernacle southward. ^^ And "he lighted the lamps before the Lord, as the Lord commanded Moses. -^ And ''he put the golden altar in the tent of the congregation be- fore the veil. ^^ And 'he burnt sweet incense thereon ; as the Lord commanded Moses. "8 And 'he set up the hanging at the door of the tabernacle. -^ And he put the altar of burnt offering by the door of the tabernacle of the sEx.29.38,&c- tent of the congregation, and 'offered upon it the burnt offering and the meat offering ; as the Lord commanded Moses. t Ex. 30. 18. 30 And 'he seethe laver between the tent of the congregation and the altar, and put water there, to wash withal. ^^ And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat. ^^ When they went into the tent of the congregation, and when they came near unto «Ex 30.19,20. ^j^g j^i^^^j.^ ^j^gy washed ; "as the Lord commanded Moses. « Ex. 27. 9, 16. 33 And "hc icarcd up the court round about the tabernacle and the it Ex. 25. 16. I Ex. 36. 35.12. 33. & mEx .26 .35. nEx .26, .35. oEx. ,25. 37. pEx, ,30. 6. 5 Ex. 30. 7. rEx, ,26. 36. 184 LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. [Period III. altar, and set up tlie hanging of the court gate. So Moses finished the work, w Ex. 29. 43. Le. ^^ Then ""a cloud covered the tent of tlie congresration, and the 16 2 \u 9 15 <-^ «— •' Is.' 6.' 4; Hai- 2! glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle. -^^And Moses ""was not able Ji Ki^8 u.^ to enter into the tent of the congregation, because the cloud abode 2Ch.5. k thereon, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle. ^^ And ^vhen "n.^ke. g'.'iD. ' the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle, the children of XHeb. juurncjcd. Israel twent onward in all their journeys ; ^^ but ""if the cloud were not z Nu. 9 19--^. tj^ijgjj yp^ tjje„ they journeyed not till the day that it was taken up. aSeeEx. 13. 21. 38^01 "the cloud of the LoRD was upon the tabernacle by day, and fire was on it by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, through- out all their journeys. Section XXJ. — Laws concerning SacrificesS^^ Lev. i. to vii. 77k; burnt offerings. 3 Of the herd, 10 of the focks, 14 0/ the fowls. — Chap. ii. 1 The meat offer- ing of flour icith oil atul incense, 4 eitlier taken in the oven, 5 or on a plate, 7 or in afryingpan, 12 or of the frstfruits in the ear. 13 Tlie salt of tlie meat offering. — Chap. iii. 1 Tlie peace offering of the herd, 6 of tlie flock, 7 either a lamb, 12 or a goat. — Chap. iv. 1 The sin offering ofitrnorance, 3 for the priest, 13 for the congregation, 22 for the ruler, "21 for any of the people. — Chap. V. 1 He that sinneth in concealing his knowledge, 2 in touching an unclean thing, 4 or in nuiking an oath. 6 His trespass off'ering, of the flock, 7 of fowls , 11 or of flour. 14 The trespass offering in sacrilege, 17 a?id in sins of ignorance. — Chap. vi. 1 The trespass offering for sins done wittingly. 8 The law of the burnt off'ering, 14 ajid of the meal off'eririg. 19 The offering at the consecration of a priest. 24 The law of tlie sin offering. — Chap. \ii. 1 The law of tlie ti-espass offering, 11 find of the peace offerings, 12 whether it be for a thanksgiving, 16 or a vow, or a freewill offering. 22 The fat, 26 and the blood, are forbidden. 28 Tlie priests' por- tion in tlie peace offerings. °^x'4o"34 35 ^ ^'^^^ ^^^ Lord "called unto Moses, and spake unto him 'out of the Nu.'i2.'4,5. ' tabernacle of the congregation, saying, ~ " Speak unto the children c Le. 22. 18, 19. of Israel, and say unto them, 'If any man of you bring an offering unto the Lord, ye shall bring your offering of the cattle, even of the herd, and of the fiock. 2 " If his offering be a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a male '^3^1' &'J" 20 ■ ''^vithout blemish ; he shall offer it of his own voluntary will at the door 21. be. 15.21! of the tabernacle of the congregation before the Lord. ^ And 'he shall s!*?. nef'9^14.' put his hand upon the head of the burnt offering ; -^and it shall be ac- cepted for him °to make atonement for him. ^ And he shall kill ''the SECT, XXI. A. , M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales ,1647. Sinai. 1 Pe. 1. 19. 15. & 3, rino; j Le. 3. 8. He. 12 24. 1 Pe. I. 2. 2, 8, 13. & 8. 14, bullock before the Lord ; 'and the priests, Aaron's sons, shall b Ex.'29!%!\'5, the blood, ^and sprinkle the blood round about upon the altar that is ^^- by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ^ And he shall fiay ^u^Ti^^RoJia. the burnt offering, and cut it into his pieces. " And the sons of Aaron 1. Phil. 4. 18. ti priest shall put fire upon the altar, and lay the wood in order upon /r Le. 4. 20, 96, , !. w 4 . 1 • 4 ? I n 1 ..i . ..1 1 J 31,35. & 9. 7. the fire. *^ And the priests, Aaron s sons, shall lay the parts, the Jiead, f5.'a5.~2Ch."29. and the fat, in order upon the wood that is on the fire which is upon /.IkUcVe ^^^ the altar. ''But his inwards and his legs shall he wash in water ; and t'2Ch.35. 11. the priest shall burn all on the altar, to be a burnt sacrifice, an offering He. 10. 11. niade by fire, of *a sweet savour unto the Lord. 1** " And if his offering be of the flocks, namely, of the sheep, or feSeeGe.8.2]. q|- ^j^g goats, for a bumt sacrifice ; he shall bring it a male without blemish, i' And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward (2*) It will be impossible iii these brief and cursory master to brin^ the Israelites to Christ ; the middle notes, to point out tlie peculiar object of each en- wall of partition to the Jews and Gentiles, which, actment of the Law of Moses. It must be sufficient St. Paul tells us, the JNIessiah was to break down. to remark, that each was intended, either to incul- The Law of Moses was the standing evidence of the cate the necessity of personal purity and holiness truth of prophecy, of the providence of God, and — to typify the future great sacrifice of Christ— to of the harmony of the divine dispensations ; for declare the absolute necessity of a vicarious atone- nothing was taught in the Gospel which had not ment for sin — or to defend the people against the previously been mculcated by the Law.--Vide The surrounding idolatry, by conapolling them to vene- Faith of the anricTit Jeirs, by the Rev. Julius Bate; rate those things which the idolators hated, or to Lowman On the Hcbrcic Ritual ; the Epistle to the detest those which the idolators adored. The laws Hebrews ; the various commentators on the Leviti- of Moses taught the doctrine of a future state, and cal Law ; Dr. Young's Religion designed to prevent of admission into a spiritual Eden, by means of the Superstition, an admirable though neglected work, blood of the true Paschal Lamb. It was the school- Part VIIL] LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. 185 before the Lord ; and the priests, Aaron's sons, shall sprinkle his blood round about upon the altar. '^ And he shall cut it into his pieces, with his head and his fat ; and the priest shall lay them in order on the wood that is on the fire which is upon the altar. ^^ But he shall wash the inwards and the legs with water ; and the priest shall bring it all, and burn it upon the altar : it is a burnt sacrifice, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. ^'^ " And if the burnt sacrifice for his oftering to the Lord be of 2 Le. 5. 7. & 12. 8. fowls, thcu hc shall bring his offering of 'turtledoves, or of young *OT,pincilofftjie pigeons. ^^And the priest shall bring it unto the altar, and * wring off headwithvienaii. j^jg j^g^d, and bum it on the altar ; and the blood thereof shall be wrung out at the side of the altar. ^^ And he shall pluck away his ^oi,theMik crop with this feathers, and cast it beside the altar on the east part, 10.'^ 'by the place of the ashes. ^'' And he shall cleave it with the wings m See Ge. 15. 10. thereof, '"but shall not divide it asunder: and the priest shall burn it upon the altar, upon the wood that is upon the fire : it is a burnt sacrifice, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. n Le. 6. 14. & 9. 1 '' And whcu any will offer "a meat oftering unto the Lord, Lev. ii. his oftering shall be of fine flour ; and he shall pour oil upon it, and put frankincense thereon. ^ And he shall bring it to Aaron's sons the priests ; and he shall take thereout his handful of the flour thereof, and of the oil thereof, with all the frankincense thereof; and the oLe. 5. 12. & 6. priest shall burn "the memorial of it' upon the altar, to be an offering 66;3^Ecol'45.' made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. ^ And ^the remnant Le^T^o'Vio ^^ ^'^^ meat offering shall be Aaron's and his sons'; 'it is a thing i2,'i3;ecci 7.' most holy of the offerings of the Lord made by fire. fl Ex. 29. 37. Nu. '^ " A"<^ ^^ ^hou bring an oblation of a meat offering baken in the 1^- 9- oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, or rE.\.29.2. unleavened wafers '^anointed with oil. XOr,onafiat 5a ^j^^j jf ^j^y oblatiou bc a meat offering baken lin a pan, it shall y a««, or, 4 (cf . j^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ unlcavencd, mingled with oil. ^ Thou shalt part it in pieces, and pour oil thereon : it is a meat offering. '' " And if thy oblation be a meat oftering baken in the fryingpan, it shall be made of fine flour with oil. "^ And thou shalt bring the meat offering that is made of these things unto the Lord ; and when it is presented unto the priest, he shall bring it unto the altar. ^ And the priest shall take from the meat offering a memorial thereof, and sEx. 29. 18. shall burn it upon the altar : it is an ^offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. '^^ And that which is left of the meat offering shall be Aaron's and his sons' : it is a thing most holy of the ofler- ings of the Lord made by fire. ^^ No meat oftering, which ye shall tLe. 6. 17. See bring uuto the Lord, shall be made with 'leaven; for ye shaft burn 8.^15. Lu. 12. I. no leaven, nor any honey, in any oftering of the Lord made by fire. ^co.5.8.Ga..5. 12 u ^g "^qj. ^^j^g oblatiou of the firstfruits, ye shall offer them unto «^Ex. 22.29. Le. the LoRD ; but they shall not *be burnt on the altar for a sweet savour. ^^And every oblation of thy meat offering "shalt thou season with salt ; neither shalt thou suffer "the salt of the covenant of thy God to be lacking from thy meat offering : ''with all thine offerings thou shalt offer salt. ^■^ " And if thou offer a meat oftering of thy firstfruits unto the 2/ Le. 23. 10, 14. LoRD, ^thou shalt offcr for the meat oftering of thy firstfruits green z2Ki. 4. 42. ears of corn dried by the fire, even corn beaten out of ""full ears. ^^ And thou shalt put oil upon it, and lay frankincense thereon : it is a meat offering. ^^ And the priest shall burn the memorial of it, part of the beaten corn thereof, and part of the oil thereof, with all the frankincense thereof: it is an offering made by fire unto the Lord. "22?'2i:^'' "''■*' ^ "And if his oblation be "a sacrifice of peace offering, if Lev. hi. VOL. I. 24 *p 2:5. 10, * Heb. ascend. V Ma. 9. 49. Col. 4. 6. wNii. 18. 19. 2 Ch. 13. 5. X Ez. 43. 24. 186 LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. [Period IH. he offer it of the herd ; whether it be a male or female, he shall jLe. 1.3. offer it 'without blemish before the Lokd. - And 'he shall lay his hand cLe. 1.4,5. upon the head of his offering, and kill it at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation ; and Aaron's sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about. ^ And he shall offer of the sacri- fice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the Lord ; ^a''^" Le^4 ?■ *^^ ^^^*- ^^^^^ covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the 9.' ■ ^' ■ ' inwards. * And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which ^S^iiv^^'afid^ *^ ^y the flanks, and the Icaul above the liver, with the kidneys, it Vie kidneys. shall hc take away. ^ And Aaron's sons ''shall burn it on the altar d Le. 6. 1-3. yp^j^ ^^^ burnt sacrifice, which is upon the wood that is on the fire : it is an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. ^ " And if his offering for a sacrifice of peace offering unto the Lord be of the flock ; male or female, he shall ofter it without blem- ish. '^ If he offer a lamb for his offering, then shall he offer it before the Lord. ^ x\nd he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation ; and Aaron's sons shall sprinkle the blood thereof round about upon the altar. ^ And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the Lord ; the fat thereof, and the whole rump, it shall he take off hard by the backbone ; and the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, ^"and the two kid- neys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away. ^^ And 'n^af 29^^22' ^'^® priest shall burn it upon the altar : it is 'the food of the offering as! Ez. 44.7. " made by fire unto the Lord. Mai. 1. 7, 12. 12 << And if his offering be a goat, then he shall offer it before the Lord. ^^ And he shall lay his hand upon the head of it, and kill it be- fore the tabernacle of the congregation ; and the sons of Aaron shall sprinkle the blood thereof upon the altar round about. ^^ And he shall offer thereof his offering, even an offering made by fire unto the Lord ; tlie fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the in- wards, i^and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away. ^^ And the priest shall burn them upon the altar : it is /Le.7.23,25. the food of the offering made by fire for a sweet savour; -^all the fat isa.2.i5.2Ch. .^ ^1^^ Lord's. ^" It 'shall be a perpetual statute for your generations ^36\V®7*&'" throughout all your dwellings, Hhat ye eat neither fat "nor blood." 23*. 14. ■ ■ 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, -•' Speak unto the Lev. iv. \vithD;"32.T4! children of Israel, saying. If ^a soul shall sin through ignorance Ne. 8. 10. ■ ■ aeainst any of the commandments of the Lord concerning things which j he Titii ought not to be done, and sliall do against any of them : ^ if Hhe priest Nu^i5.^^^&c. that is anointed do sin according to the sin of the people: then let lo^'i's!''' ^^" ^'' him bring for his sin, which he hath sinned, 'a young bullock without tLe.8.12. blemish unto the Lord for a sin offering. ''And he shall bring the L^!o.\^3, 4. bullock "'unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the Lord ; and shall lay his hand upon the bullock's head, and kill the nLe.16.14. Xu. bullock bcforc thc LoRD. ^ And the priest that is anointed "shall take ■ ■ of the bullock's blood, and bring it to the tabernacle of the congrega- tion ; '^ and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle of the blood seven times before the Lord, before the veil of the sanctu- oLe.s. 15. & 9. ary. "^ And the priest "shall put some of the blood upon the horns of 9. 4. lb. 18. ^1^^ ^^^^^ ^^ s^veet incense before the Lord, which is in thc tabernacle p Le. 5. 9. of the conirregation ; and shall pour ''all the blood of the bullock at the bottom of thc altar of the burnt oflering, which is at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ^ And he shall take ofl' from it all the fat of the bullock for"^ the sin offering ; the fat that covereth the Part VUI.] LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. 187 inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards. ^ And the two kid- neys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the q Le. 3. 3-5. caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away, ^° as 'it was taken off from the bullock of the sacrifice of peace offerings ; and the priest shall burn them upon the altar of the burnt offering. ^^ And '^^.'^' ^'^' ^"' '^the skin of the bullock, and all his flesh, with his head, and with his legs, and his inwards, and his dung, ^^ even the whole bullock shall he carry forth *without the camp unto a clean place, 'where the ashes are Le. 6. 11. poured out, 'and burn him on the wood with fire : twhere the ashes are t Heb. 13. 11. poured out shall he be burnt. ingoutofthe '■' And II the whole congregation ol Israel sm through ignorance, « Nu. 15. 24. 7. 11. * Heb. to without the camp. V Le. 5. 2, 3, 17. and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the Lord con- cerning things which should not be done, and are guilty ; ^^when the sin, which they have sinned against it, is known, then the congregation shall offer a young bullock for the sin, and bring him before the tab- ernacle of the congregation. ^^And the elders of the congregation wue. i.-i. ""shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock before the Lord ; zHe. 9. 12-14. and the bullock shall be killed before the Lord. ^^ And ""the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood to the tabernacle of the congregation ; ^^ and the priest shall dip his finger in some of the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord, eveii before the veil. ^^ And he shall put some of the blood upon the horns of the altar which is before the Lord, that is in the tabernacle of the congregation, and shall pour out all the blood at the bottom of the altar of the burnt of- fering, which is at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ^^ And he shall take all his fat from him, and burn it upon the altar. 2" And he shall do with the bullock as he did with the bullock for a sin j/Nu. 15.25. Da. offering, so shall he do with this: "and the priest shall make an atone- He. 2. i7°.& lo! ment for them, and it shall be forgiven them. ^^ And he shall carry forth 7?&W°''" ^' the bullock without the camp, and burn him as he burned the first bullock : it is a sin offering for the congregation. 22 u "Wi^ej^ a, ruler hath sinned, and done somewhat through igno- rance against any of the commandments of the Lord his God con- cerning things which should not be done, and is guilty ; ^3 or if his sin, wherein he hath sinned, come to his knowledge ; he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a male without blemish. -** And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the goat, and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt offering before the Lord : it is a sin offering. ^^ And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out his blood at the bottom of the altar of burnt offering. ^^ And he zLe. 3. 5. shall burn all his fat upon the altar, as 'the fat of the sacrifice of oNu.15.28. peace offerings ; ''and the priest shall make an atonement for him as concerning his sin, and it shall be forgiven him. iHeb^L^w ^^ " And 'if tany one of the *common people sin through ignorance, * Heb. people of whilc he docth somewhat against any of the commandments of the Lord the land. conccming things which ought not to be done, and be guilty ; ^^ or if his sin, which he hath sinned, come to his knowledge : then he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a female without blemish, for his sin which he hath sinned. ^^ And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slay the sin offering in the place of the burnt offer- ing. ^^ And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour c Le. 3. 14. out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar. ^^ And 'he shall dLe.3.3. tjji^g away all the fat thereof, ''as the fat is taken away from off the sacrifice of peace offerings ; and the priest shall burn it upon the altar 188 LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. [Period III. « Ex. 29. 18. Le. for 'a swect savour unto the Lord ; and the priest shall make an atone- ment for him, and it shall be forgiven him. 2^ " And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering, he shall bring it a fe- male without blemish. ^^ And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slay it for a sin offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering. ^* And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar. ^-^ And he shall take away all the fat thereof, as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of the peace offerings ; / Le. 3. 5. and the priest shall burn them upon the altar, -^according to the ofTer- ings made by fire unto the Lord ; and the priest shall make an atone- ment for his sin that he hath committed, and it shall be forgiven him. e,] K^i- J- 31- ^ " And if a soul sin, 'and hear the voice of swearing, and t ^^ „ Mat. 26. 63. . . i i i i i i c • ■ rt' ^ i-"EV. V. IS a witness, whether he hath seen or known of it ; it he do A Le. 7. 18. &1-. not uttcr it, then he shall ''bear his iniquity. ^Or'if a soul touch any 2o'. i7.Nu.'9.i3. unclean thing, whether it be a carcass of an unclean beast, or a car- *3i^'39!xu.' ^.' cass of unclean cattle, or the carcass of unclean creeping things, and if it ii' 13, 16. be hidden from him ; he also shall be unclean, and guilty. ^ Or if he ^k^xf''^ ''"'■ touch ■'the uncleanness of man, whatsoever uncleanness it be that a man shall be defiled withal, and it be hid from him ; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty. '* Or if a soul swear, pronouncing with his lips 'Ir^^ib^'^' *^° *^*^ ^^'^^' ^^ '^° ^^ good, whatsoever it be that a man shall pronounce jSeeMa. 6. 23. with au oath, and it be hid from him ; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty in one of these. ^ And it shall be, when he shall be guilty »» Le- 16. 21. & in one of these things, that he shall "confess that he hath sinned in that 26 40 \u 5. 7. o ' Ezra id. li, 12.* thing. 6 And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the Lord for his sin which he hath sinned, a female from the flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats, for a sin offering ; and the priest shall make an atonement for him concerning his sin. t Heb.hu hand 7 " And if the be not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring for his caunot reach to i • i i i i • i n i i the sufficiency of trcspass, which hc hath committed, two turtledoves, or two young s.'&'h.^i'. ' pigeons, unto the Lord: one for a sin offering, and the other for a nLe. 1. 14. bumt offering. ^ And he shall bring them unto the priest, who shall Le. 1. 15. offer that which is for the sin offering first, and "wring off" his head from his neck, but shall not divide it asunder. ^And he shall sprinkle i.j,e. 4. 7, 18,30, of the blood of the sin offering upon the side of the altar: and ''the rest of the blood shall be wrung out at the bottom of the altar : it is a sin offering. ^^ And he shall offer the second for a burnt offering, j^or, ordinance, accordiug to the tmanucr ; 'and the priest shall make an atonement for him for his sin which he hath sinned, and it shall be forgiven him. ^^ •' But if he be not able to bring two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, then he that sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth part rXu. 5. 15. of an ephah of fine flour for a sin oflTering : ''he shall put no oil upon it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon : for it is a sin offering. ^- Then shall he bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take his sLe. 2.2. handful of it, "even a memorial thereof, and burn it on the altar, 'ac- cording to the offerings made by fire unto the Lord : it is a sin of- uLe. 4. 26. fcring. 1^ And "the priest shall make an atonement for him as touch- ing his sin that he hath sinned in one of these, and it shall be forgiven cLe.2. 3. j^jj^i . j^j^j^} "jj^g remnant shall be the priest's, as a meat offering." IT Le. 22. 14. 14 \„(j ^j^g LoRD spakc unto Moses, saying, '^ " If ''a soul commit a trespass, and sin through ignorance, in the holy things of the Lord ; X Ezra 10. 19. then 'hc shall bring for his trespass unto the Lord a ram without blemish out of the flocks, with thy estimation by shekels of silver, after '-'J^^P''• '^' ^^' "the shekel of the sanctuary, for a trespass offering. ^''And he shnll make ainends for the harm that he hatli done in the holv thinof, and 34. Le. I. 14. g Le. 4. 36, 27. 25. Part VIIL] LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. 189 iLe. 6.5. &22. ^glmll add the fifth part thereto, and give it unto the priest; "and the ■27, ^i.^Nu.^^?: priest shall make an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass 14. & 27. 13, 15 a Le. 4. 26. offering, and it shall be forgiven him. * Le- 4- 2. 17 u ^„d if ia soul sin, and commit any of these things vi^hich are for- ':Jf^e.^4. 2, 13^22, bidden to be done by the commandments of the Lord; 'though he "lu.^12. 48.^~" wist it not, yet is he guilty, and shall bear his iniquity. ^^ And he shall bring a ram without blemish out of the flock, with thy estimation, for a trespass offering, unto the priest ; and the priest shall make an atone- ment for him concerning his ignorance wherein he erred and wist it d Ezra 10. 2. not, aud it shall be forgiven him. ^^ It is a trespass offering: "'he hath certainly trespassed against the Lord." 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " If a soul sin, Lev. vi. eNu.5.6. and 'commit a trespass against the Lord, and ^lie unto his ^tX^co\!l:t' neighbour in that ^which was delivered him to keep, or in *fellowship, g- Ex. 22. 7, 10. or in a thing taken away by violence, or hath Meceived his neighbour ; *Heb p«tS^> ^ or 'have found that which was lost, and lieth concerning it, and ^swear- the hand. eth falscly ; in any of all these that a man doeth, sinning therein : * then APr.24.28.&26. .^ ^^^^^ ^^^ bccausc he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore iDe.22. 1-3. that which he took violently away, or the thing which he hath deceit- ^^?]f jllV^g'. fully gotten, or that which was delivered him to keep, or the lost thing ^''" ^- "• which he found, ^ or all that about which he hath sworn falsely ; he k Le. 5. 16. 2 sa. shall cvcu "^restore it in the principal, and shall add the fifth part more t o'rX^tAedio/ thereto, and give it unto him to whom it appertaineth, tin the day of gtiitt''^Heb.'^m his trespass offering. '^ And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the the day of his Ir^- LoRD, 'a ram without blemish out of the flock, with thy estimation, /Lr5. 15. for a trespass offering, unto the priest : ^ and ™the priest shall make an m Le. 4. 26. atoucment for him before the Lord ; and it shall be forgiven him for any thing of all that he hath done in trespassing therein." ^And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, 9" Command Aaron and his sons, saying. This is the law of the burnt offering. It is the burnt t Or jor theimrn- offering tbccausc of the burning upon the altar all night unto the morn- » Le. 16. 4. Ex. ing, and the fire of the altar shall be burning in it. i« And "the priest Ez^il^ii^ls^' shall put on his linen garment, and his linen breeches shall he put upon his flesh, and take up the ashes which the fire hath consumed Le. 1. 16. with the burnt offering on the altar, and he shall put them "beside the P Ez. 44. 19. altar. ^^ And ^he shallput off his garments, and put on other garments, q Le. 4. 12. and carry forth the ashes without the camp 'unto a clean place. ^^ And the fire upon the altar shall be burning in it ; it shall not be put out : and the priest shall burn wood on it every morning, and lay the burnt r Le. 3. 3, 9, 14. offering in order upon it; and he shall burn thereon '"the fat of the peace offerings. ^^ The fire shall ever be burning upon the altar ; it shall never go out. *Le.9.L 14a And 'this is tlic law of the meat offering: the sons of Aaron shall offer it before the Lord, before the altar. ^^ And he shall take of it his handful, of the flour of the meat offering, and of the oil thereof, and all the frankincense which is upon the meat offering, and shall burn it upon the altar for a sweet savour, even 'the memorial of it, unto the Lord. i*^And "the remainder thereof shall Aaron and his sons eat ; "with unleavened bread shall it be eaten in the holy place ; in the court of the tabernacle of the congregation they shall eat it. 1^ It "shall not be baken with leaven. ''I have given it unto them for their portion of my ofterings made by fire, ''it is most holy, as is the sin offering, and as the trespass offering. ^^ All 'the males among the chil- dren of Aaron shall eat of it. "It shall be a statute for ever in your generations concerning the offerings of the Lord made by fire : 'every one that toucheth them shall be holy." 19 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " This 'is the offering «Le. 2. 2, 9. wLe. . 2. 3. Ez. 44. 29. vL,e. , 10. 12, 13. w Le .2.11. iNu . 18. 9, 10. j/Le. a. 3. & 7. Ex. 29. 37. --Nu . 18. 10. a Le . 3. 17. fcLe. . 22. 3-7. k Ex. 29. 30. 29. 190 LAWS CONCERNING SACRIFICES. [Period III. of Aaron and of his sons, which they shall offer unto the Lord in dEx. i«. 36. the day when he is anointed; the tenth part of an ''ephah of fine flour for a meat offering perpetual, half of it in the morning, and half thereof at night. -^ In a pan it shall be made with oil, and when it is baken, thou shalt bring it in ; and the baken pieces of the meat offering shalt thou offer for a sweet savour unto the Lord. -^ And eLe. 4. 3. the priest of his sons 'that is anointed in his stead shall offer it, (it is /Ex. 29. 25. a statute for ever unto the Lord ;) ^it shall be wholly burnt. -^ For every meat offering for the priest shall be wholly burnt ; it shall not be eaten." -^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto Aaron gL.c.4.2. and to his sons, saying, This °is the law of the sin offering. '"In the ''^il'if-Jj^]' place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be tLe.21.22. killed before the Lord; "it is most holy. ^"^ The •'priest that offereth ■'n^; i8.'9^jo^" ^^ ^^^ ^'" ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ '■> ^" ^'^® l^oly place shall it be eaten, in the court Ez. 44. 2i, 29. of the tabcmacle of the congregation. ^"Whatsoever ''shall touch the flesh thereof shall be holy ; and when there is sprinkled of the blood thereof upon any garment, thou shalt wash that whereon it was sprinkled in the holy place. -^ But the earthen vessel wherein it is ^i5'i2' ^'^ sodden 'shall be broken ; and if it be sodden in a brazen pot, it shall mNu. 18. 10. be both scoured, and rinsed in water. -^ All "the males among the nLe. 4. 7, 11,12, priests shall eat thereof: it is most holy. ^'^ And "no sin offering, &.'i6.27.He'.i3; whcrcof any of the blood is brought into the tabernacle of the con- "• gregation to reconcile withal in the holy place, shall be eaten : it shall be burnt in the fire. o Le. V. & 6. 1-7. 1 " Likewise "this is the law of the trespass offering: ''it LET.vii. p Le. 6. 17, 25. & is most holy. ~ Li 'the place where they kill the burnt offering shall ^^ ^ 1 5 11 ^'^^y ^*'^ ^'^^ trespass offering ; and the blood thereof shall he sprinkle '&'4. 24,'29' 33'. round about upon the altar. ^ And he shall offer of it ""all the fat there- '14^15," 16.V4. of; the rump, and the fat that covereth the inwards, "* and the two kid- 8,9. Ex.29. 13. neys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the flanks, and the caul that is above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away ; ^and the priest shall burn them upon the altar for an oftering made by fire « Le. 6. 16-18. unto the Lord : it is a trespass offering. ^ Every ^male among the priests t Le. 2. 3. ' shall eat thereof ; it shall be eaten in the holy place : 'it is most holy. «Le.6.25,26.& " " As the siu offering is, so is "the trespass offering; there is one law for them : the priest that maketh atonement therewith shall have it. ^ And the priest that oftereth any man's burnt offering, even the priest shall have to himself the skin of the burnt oftering which he eLe.2.3,io.Nu. hath offered. ^ And "all the meat oftering that is baken in the oven, * Or, ontiiejiat and all that is dressed in the fryingpan, and *in the pan, shall be the plate, OT, slice, priest's that offereth it. i** And every meat oftering, mingled with oil, and dry, shall all the sons of Aaron have, one as much as another. wLe. 3. 1. 11 •' And "this is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which he shall offer unto the Lord. ^'- If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes r Le. 2. 4. Nu. 6. minglcd with oil, and unleavened wafers ""anointed with oil, and cakes ^^" mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried. '-^ Besides the cakes, he shall offer y Am. 4.5. for liis oftering ^leavened bread with the sacrifice of thanksgiving of his peace offerings. ^'^ And of it he shall offer one out of the whole oblation for a heave offering unto the Lord, ^and it shall be the priest's that sprinkleth the blood of the peace offerings. ^^ And "the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving shall be eaten the same day that it is offered ; he shall not leave any of it until the morning. ^'^ But 'if the sacrifice of his offering be a vow, or a voluntary offering, it shall be eaten the same day that he offereth his sacrifice ; and on the morrow also the remainder of it shall be eaten : '" but the remainder of the flesh of the sacrifice on the third day iNu. 18.8, 11, Part VIII.] CONSECRATION OF AARON AND HIS SONS. 191 c Nu. 18. 27. dhe. U. 10, 41. & 19. 7. e Le. 15. 3. /Ge. 17. 14. g Le. xii. & xiii. & XV. hhe. 1]. 24,28. i Ez. 4. 14. j See Le. 3. 17. t Heb. carcass. Le. 17. 15. De. 14. 21.Ez. 4. 14. it 44. 31. k See Le. 3. 17. o Ex. 29. 24, 27. Le.8.27.&9.21, Nu. 6. 20. p Le. 3. 5, 11, 16. ff Le. 9. 21. Nu. 6.20. r Ex. 29. 28. Le. 10. 14, 15. Nu. 18. 18, 19. De. 18.3. s Le. 8. 12, 30. Ex. 40. 13, 15. t Le. 6. 9. u Le. 6. 14. V Le. 6. 25. xLe. 6.20. Ex xxix. y ver. 11. z Le. 1. 2. SECT. XXIL A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1&17. Sinai. shall be burnt with fire. ^^ And if any of the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace ofierings be eaten at all on the third day, it shall not be accept- ed, neither shall it be 'imputed unto him that offereth it; it shall be ''an abomination, and the soul that eateth of it shall bear his iniquity. ^^ And the flesh that toucheth any unclean thing shall not be eaten ; it shall be burnt with fire ; and as for the flesh, all that be clean shall eat there- of. ^° But the soul that eateth of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace ofierings, that pertain unto the Lord, 'having his uncleanness upon him, even that soul ^shall be cut oflT from his people. ^^ Moreover the soul that shall touch any unclean thing, as ^the uncleanness of man, or any ''unclean beast, or any 'abominable unclean thing, and eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which pertain unto the Lord, even that soul shall be cut oflf from his people." " And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto the children of Israel, saying. Ye -'shall eat no manner of fat, of ox, or of sheep, or of goat. ~^ And the fat of the tbeast that dieth of itself, and the fat of that which is torn with beasts, may be used in any other use ; but ye shall in no wise eat of it. ^^ For ''whosoever eateth the fat of the beast, of which men offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord, even the soul that eateth it shall be cut oflT from his people. ^•^ Moreover 'ye shall eat no manner of blood, whether it be of fowl or of beast, in any of your dwellings. ^~ Whatsoever soul it be that eateth any manner of blood, even that soul shall be cut oft' from his people." ^^And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, "'He that oftereth the sacrifice of his peace offerings unto the Lord shall bring his oblation unto the Lord of the sacrifice of his peace offerings. ^^ His "own hands shall bring the offer- ings of the Lord made by fire, the fat with the breast, it shall he bring, that "the breast may be waved for a wave oflTering before the Lord. ^^ And ^the priest shall burn the fat upon the altar ; but the breast shall be Aaron's and his sons'. ^~And 'the right shoulder shall ye give unto the priest for a heave oflTering of the sacrifices of your peace offerings. ^^He among the sons of Aaron, that offereth the blood of the peace offerings, and the fat, shall have the right shoulder for his part. ^^ For ''the wave breast and the heave shoulder have I taken of the children of Israel from oflT the sacrifices of their peace offerings, and have given them unto Aaron the priest and unto his sons by a statute for ever from among the children of Israel." ^^ This is the portion of the anointing of Aaron, and of the anoint- ing of his sons, out of the offerings of the Lord made by fire, in the day when he presented them to minister unto the Lord in the priest's office ; ^^ which the Lord commanded to be given them of the chil- dren of Israel, "in the day that he anointed them, by a statute for ever throughout their generations. -^^ This is 'the law of the burnt offering, "of the meat offering, "and of the sin offering, "and of the trespass offering, "^and of the consecrations, ^and of the sacrifice of the peace offerings ; ^^ which the Lord commanded Moses in Mount Sinai, in the day that he commanded the children of Israel ^to offer their oblations unto the Lord, in the wilderness of Sinai. Section XXII. — The Consecration of Aaron and his Sons, and the Accejjt- ance of their Offering. Lev. viii. and ix. Moses consecrateth Aaron and his sons. 14 Their sin offering. 18 Tlieir burnt offering. 22 The ram of consecration. 31 The place and time of their consecration. — Chap. ix. 1 Thefrst offer- ings of Aaron, for himself and the people. 8 The sin offerivg, 12 and the bnrnt off ering for him- self "15 Tlie offerings for the people. 23 Moses and Aaron bless the peoiple. 24 Fire cometh from, the Lord upon the altar. Take "Aaron and his And the Lord spake unto Moses, sayin< 192 THE CONSECRATION OF AARON AND HIS SONS. [Period III. 6Ex. 23. 2,4. sons witli liiiiij '^aud the garments, and ^the anointing oil, and a bullock '*■■'■ for the sin oftering, and two rams, and a basket of unleavened bread ; ^ and gather thou all the congregation together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation." "* And Moses did as the Lord commanded him ; and the assembly was gathered together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congre- d Ex. 29. 4. gation. ^ And Moses said unto the congregation, •* This ''is the thing which the Lord commanded to be done." '^ And Moses brought Aaron e Ex. 29. 4. and his sons, 'and washed them with water. " And 'he put upon him ^g^Ex^X the "coat, and girded him with the girdle, and clothed him with the robe, and put the ephod upon him, and he girded him with the curious girdle of the ephod, and bound it unto him therewith. ^And he put A Ex. 28. 30. the breastplate upon him ; ''also he put in the breastplate the Urim and t Ex. 29. 6. the Thununim. '-* And 'he put the mitre upon his head ; also upon the mitre, even upon his forefront, did he put the golden plate, the holy j Ex. 28. 37, &c. crown; as ^ the Lord commanded Moses. fc Ex. 30. 26-29. !« And 'Moscs took the anointing oil, and anointed the tabernacle and all that was therein, and sanctified them. ^^ And he sprinkled thereof upon the altar seven times, and anointed the altar and all his ^Ex.'ig; 7*!&^3o. vessels, both the laver and his foot, to sanctify them. ^^ And he 'poured Ec 45 if' ^' ^^ ^'^^ anointing oil upon Aaron's head, and anointed him, to sanctify mEx.29. 8, 9. ^im. ^^ And "Moses brought Aaron's sons, and put coats upon them, * Heb. bound. and girded them with girdles, and *put bonnets upon them ; as the Lord commanded Moses. "43^19.^' ^"^ ^^ ^^ ^"tl "he brought the bullock for the sin oftering ; and Aaron and Le. 4. 4. his sons "laid their hands upon the head of the bullock for the sin ^Le!'4^^7. Ez^43. offering, ^^ And he slew it ; ''and Moses took the blood, and put it upon 20, 26. He. 9. 2i the horns of the altar round about with his finger, and purified the altar, and poured the blood at the bottom of the altar, and sanctified J Ex. 29. 13. Le. jt, to make reconciliation upon it. ^'^And 'he took all the fat that was upon the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kid- neys, and their fat, and Moses burned it upon the altar. ^^ But the bullock, and his hide, his flesh, and his dung, he burnt with fire with- ''Ex!'2Le.H^8.& carcass of them 'shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even, lojaa. &"3i.'24. 26 u ^i^Q carcasses of every beast which divideth the hoof, and is not cloven-footed, nor cheweth the cud, are unclean unto you : every one that toucheth them shall be unclean. ~' And whatsoever goeth upon his paws, among all manner of beasts that go on all four, those are unclean unto you : whoso toucheth their carcass shall be unclean until the even. ~^ And he that beareth the carcass of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even : they are unclean unto you. 29 " These also shall be unclean unto you among the creeping things ji«. 66. 17. that creep upon the earth ; the weasel, and 'the mouse, and the tor- toise after his kind, ^o and the ferret, and the chameleon, and the lizard, and the snail, and the mole. ^^ These are unclean to you among all that creep : whosoever doth touch them, when they be dead, shall be unclean until the even. ='•- And upon whatsoever any of them, when they are dead, doth fall, it shall be unclean ; whether it be any vessel of wood, or raiment, or skin, or sack, whatsoever vessel it be, wherein any work is Part VIII.] PURIFICATION OF WOMEN. 197 k Le. 15. 12. done, *it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the even ; so it shall be cleansed. ^^ And every earthen vessel, whereinto any of jLe. 6. 28. them falleth, whatsoever is in it shall be unclean ; and 'ye shall break it. ^^ Of all meat which may be eaten, that on which such water cometh shall be unclean ; and all drink that may be drunk in every such vessel shall be unclean. ^^ And every thing whereupon any part of their car- cass falleth shall be unclean ; whether it be oven, or ranges for pots, they shall be broken down ; for they are unclean, and shall be unclean * noh. a gatjier- uttto you. ^^Nevertheless a fountain or pit, *wherein there is plenty of wit^f.^''^ water, shall be clean ; but that which toucheth their carcass shall be unclean. ^"^ And if any part of their carcass fall upon any sowing seed which is to be sown, it shall be clean. ^^ But if any water be put upon the seed, and any part of their carcass fall thereon, it shall be unclean unto you. 2^ " And if any beast, of which ye may eat, die ; he that toucheth jnLe. 17. 15. & the carcass thereof shall be unclean until the even. ^° And "he that Ez.^4.^i4.&'44; eateth of the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until ^^- the even ; he also that beareth the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even. ^^ " And every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth shall be an abomination ; it shall not be eaten. ^^ Whatsoever goeth upon the i[iieh. doth muiti- belly, and whatsoever goeth upon all four, or whatsoever thath more feet among all creeping things that creep upon the earth, them ye shall nLe. 20.25. not eat ; for they are an abomination. ^-^ Ye "shall not make yourtselves jHeb.5a«?5. abominable with any creeping thing that creepeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby. **^ For I am the Lord your God ; ye shall therefore sanctify yourselves, Ex. 19. 6. Le. "and ye shall be holy, (for I am holy ;) neither shall ye defile your- 'The9.'4/7. selves with any manner of creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. ^^ For ''I am the Lord that bringeth you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God : ye shall therefore be holy, for I am holy. '^^ " This is the law of the beasts, and of the fowl, and of every Uving creature that moveth in the waters, and of every creature that creepeth g Le. 10. 10. upou thc carth ; '^^ to 'make a diflerence between the unclean and the clean, and between the beast that may be eaten and the beast that may not be eaten." SECT.xxviL Sect. XXVII. Purification of Women after Childbirth;— The Offerings. A. ^2414. ^^^- ^"- , , ^.,^ B. c. 1490. 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto the children Hales, 1647. q£ Israel, sayiug, If "a woman have conceived seed, and born a man ^'"" ' child ; then 'she shall be unclean seven days ; "according to the days a Le. 15. 19. of the Separation for her infirmity shall she be unclean. ^ And in the Lu.2. 22. ''eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised. *And she shall then continue in the blood of her purifying three and thirty days ; she shall touch no hallowed thing, nor come into the sanctuary, until the days of her purifying be fulfilled. ^ But if she bear a maid child, then she shall be unclean two weeks, as in her separation ; and she shall continue in the blood of her purifying threescore and six days. e Lu. 2. 22. 6 " And 'whcu thc days of her purifying are fulfilled, for a son, or for * neb. a son of his ^ daughter, she shall bring a lamb *of the first year for a burnt oflfering, and a young pigeon, or a turtledove, for a sin offering, unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, unto the priest ; "^ who shall oflfer it before the Lord, and make an atonement for her, and she shall be cleansed from the issue of her blood. This is the law for her that ^findn'otZffitimaj hath bom a male or a female. ^ And if tshe be not able to bring a lamb, ,/. Le.5.7.Lu. ^^^^ ^j^^ ^j^^jj j^j.jj^g ^^^ turtlcs, or two young pigeons, the one for the VOL. I. *ia,j with the cedar wood, and with the hyssop, and with the scarlet; "^^but aniliXrf«rV '^^ ^'^^^^ '^^ S*^ ^''^ living bird out of the city into the open fields, and "^r/L.. De.24. 'make an atonement for the house, and it shall be clean. 8.EZ.44.23. .^^^ ^j^.^ .^ ^j^^ j^^^ ^^^ ^jj j^^^jjj^^r Qf plague of Icprosy, and ^scall, -"^^and for the ^leprosy of a garment, 'and of a house, ^''and 'for a SECT. XXXI. rising, and for a scab, and for a bright spot ;. '^^ to teach twhen it is A. yul'iu. unclean, and when it is clean : this is the law of leprosy."' Hales. 1647. SECTION XXXI.— O/ the Unclcanncss of 3Icn and Women ;— Lairs for Sinai. their Cleansing. Lev. XV. "t^^-fsl' 2.%. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and to Aaron, saying, ^ " Speak I'-i''Lu'?'8.^43: «nt« the children of Israel, and say unto them, "When any man hath Part VIII.] OF THE UNCLEANNESS OF MEN AND WOMEN. 203 *or,nmniascf ^ *running issue out of his flesh, because of his issue he is unclean. " '"'''"'■ 3 ^j-,(j ^]^jg gj^aii i3e i^ig uncleanness in his issue ; whether his flesh run with his issue, or his flesh be stopped from liis issue, it is his unclean- ness. "^ Every bed, whereon he lieth that hath the issue, is unclean ; \ tteh. vessel. ^,-,(j evcry tthing, whereon he sitteth, shall be unclean. ^And whoso- * Le. n. 25. & gygj. toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, 'and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. ^ And he that sitteth on any thing whereon he sat that hath the issue shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. ''' And he that toucheth the flesh of him that hath the issue shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. ^And if he that hath the issue spit upon him that is clean ; then he shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. ^ And what saddle soever he rideth upon that hath the issue shall be unclean. ^^ And whosoever toucheth any thing that was under him shall be unclean until the even ; and he that beareth any of those things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be un- clean until the even. ^^ And whomsoever he toucheth that hath the issue, and hath not rinsed his hands in water, he shall wash his clothes, cLe.^6.28.&ii. and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. ^^ And 'the ' ' vessel of earth, that he toucheth which hath the issue, shall be broken ; and every vessel of wood shall be rinsed in water. d Le. 14. 8. 13 u ^j-,jj ^^g^ ],g ^j^^t hath an issue is cleansed of his issue ; then ''he shall number to himself seven days for his cleansing, and wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in running water, and shall be clean. ^^ And e Le. 14. 22, 23. q,^ ^\-^q eighth day he shall take to him 'two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, and come before the Lord unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and give them unto the priest. ^^ And the priest shall /Le. 14.30,31. ^fj-gj. them, ^the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offer- s' Le- 14. 19, 31. jj-,g . ?a,nd the priest shall make an atonement for him before the Lobd for his issue. '' Le. 22. 4. De. 16 a ^^(j Ajf any mau's sccd of copulation go out from him, then he shall wash all his flesh in water, and be unclean until the even. ^"^ And every garment, and every skin, whereon is the seed of copulation, shall be washed with water, and be unclean until the even. ^^ The woman also with whom man shall lie with seed of copulation, they shall both tisa.21.4. bathe themselves in water, and 'be unclean until the even. jLe. 12. 2. 19 a And ^if a woman have an issue, and her issue in her flesh be *ara"^"^*^^" blood, shc shall be tput apart seven days ; and whosoever toucheth her shall be unclean until the even. ^^ And every thing that she lieth upon in her separation shall be unclean ; every thing also that she sitteth upon shall be unclean. ^^ And whosoever toucheth her bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. 22 And whosoever toucheth any thing that she sat upon shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. 2^ And if it be on her bed, or on any thing whereon she sitteth, when he ft See Le. 20. 18. touchcth it, he shall be unclean until the even. "^^ And ^"if any man lie with her at all, and her flowers be upon him, he shall be unclean seven days ; and all the bed whereon he lieth shall be unclean. ^^ And I See ver. 2. jf i^ womau havc an issue of her blood many days out of the time of her separation, or if it run beyond the time of her separation ; all the days of the issue of her uncleanness shall be as the days of her separa- tion, she shall be unclean. '^^ Every bed whereon she lieth all the days of her issue shall be unto her as the bed of her separation ; and whatsoever she sitteth upon shall be unclean, as the uncleanness of her separation. '^'' And whosoever toucheth those things shall be unclean, and shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. 204 THE SACRIFICES FOR ATONEMENT. [Period III. "' ^6'- 13- 28 a 3yt ""jf gj^g J3g cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to her- self seven days, and after that she shall be clean. ~^ And on the eighth day she shall take unto her two turtles, or two young pigeons, and bring them unto the priest, to the door of the tabernacle of the con- gregation. ^^ And the priest shall offer the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering ; and the priest shall make an atonement for her before the Lord for the issue of her uncleanness. Le. 11. 47. De. 8.EZ.44.23. 31 u Thus shall ye "separate the children of Israel from their unclean- Nu. 5. 3. & i3,2o."E'z.5.ii. ness ; that they die not in their uncleanness, when they "defile my fc'23.38. tabernacle that is among them. ^^ " This ^is the law of him that hath an issue, 'and of him whose seed goeth from him, and is defiled therewith ; ^-^ and "^of her that is sick of ■^' her flowers, and of him that hath an issue, of the man, "and of the p ver. 2 g ver. 16. r ver. 19. r. 24. woman, and 'of him that lieth with her that is unclean. b E\. 30. 10.- Le, 23. 27. Ho. 9. 7 & 10. 19. e Le. 4. 3. SECT. xxxn. Section XXXII. — Law of the Sacrifices for Atonement. Lev. xvi. A. AI. 2514. fjg^ ii^g i^igj^ priest must enter into the holy place. 11 The sin offering for himself. 15 Tlie sin B. 0. 1490. offering ftrr the people. 20 The scapegoat. 29 The yearlij feast of the e.xpiatio7is. Hales, 1647. i ^^^ ^j^^ LoRD spakc unto Moscs after "the death of the two sons sina^. of Aaron, when they offered before the Lord, and died; ^ and the Le. 10. 1,2. Lord said unto Moses, " Speak unto Aaron thy brother, that he 'come not at all times into the holy place within the veil before the mercy seat which is upon the ark, that he die not ; for 'I will appear in the 4o!'34fiKi.8. cloud upou the mercy seat. =^Thus shall Aaron "come into the holy ioii2. place ; Svith a young bullock for a sin offering, and a ram for a burnt rH„ Q 7 iQ Q4 ^^^-^^.j^^g^ 4 jj^ gj^^^jj ^^^ OH ^tlic holy lluen coat, and he shall have the linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded with a linen girdle, •''4^f"L^: iSo!' and with the linen mitre shall he be attired : these are holy garments ; ^Ei^3o"o^Le therefore 'shall he wash his flesh in water, and so put them on. ^ And ^e.l',7.' ' ^' he shall take of "the congregation of the children of Israel two kids of *Nr29*iL2Ch. the goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt oflering. 17' Ez 4"^22' ^" ^"^ Aaron shall offer his bullock of the sin offering, which is for 23! ^' "' ' himself, and 'make an atonement for himself, and for his house. "^ And '2!&7.27*^&.& ^^ ^'^^^1 take the two goats, and present them before the Lord at the 9- 7- " ' door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ^ And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats ; one lot for the Lord, and the other lot for * Heb. Azazd. tj^g *scapegoat. ^ And Aaron shall bring the goat upon which the \Heb. went vp. Lord's lot tfell. and offer him for a sin offering. ^^ But the goat, on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat, shall be presented alive before jiJohn2.2. the Lord, to make ^an atonement with him, and to let him go for a scapegoat into the wilderness. 11 " And Aaron shall bring the bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and shall make an atonement for himself, and for his house, and shall kill the bullock of the sin offering which is for him- self. i~ And he shall take '^a censer full of burning coals of fire from off the altar before the Lord, and iiis Jiands full of 'sweet incense beaten small, and bring it within the veil. ^^ And '"lie shall put the in- cense upon the fire before the Lord, that the cloud of the incense may cover the "mercy seat that is upon the testimony, that he die not. !■* And °he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and 'sprinkle it with his finger upon the mercy seat eastward ; and before the mercy seat shall he sprinkle of the blood with his finger seven times. 1^ " Then 'shall he kill the goat of the sin offering, that is for the people, and bring his blood 'within the veil, and do with that blood as he did witli the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the mercy See Ex. 29. 36. seat, and before the mercy seat : ^^ and he shall 'make an atonement f"^'^^^' "^" for the holy place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, k Le. 10. 1. 16. 18, 46. 8.5. Nu. Re. / Ex. 30. 3^ m Ex. 30. 1 Nu. 16.7, 46. Re. 8. ,7, 8. 1% nEx. 25.21. Le. 4. 5. He. 9. 13, 25. & 10. 4. p Le. 4. 6. 9 He. 2. 17 2. & 9. 7, . &5. 28. r He. 6. 19 3, 7, 12. . & 9. Part VIII.] BLOOD TO BE OFFERED TO THE LORD. 205 I Heb. dwclleth. u Ex. 30. 10. Le. 4. 7, 18. He. 9. ■22, -23. w Ez. 45. 20. X Is. 53. 6. * Heb. a man of opportunity, y Is. 53. 11, 12. f Heb. of separa- tion. I Ez. 42. 14. &: 44. 19. c Le. 4. 12, 21. & 6. 30. He. 13. 11. d Ex. 30. 10. Le. 23. 27. Nu. 29. 7. Is. 58. 3, 5. Da. 10. 3, 12. ePs. 51. 2. Je. 33. 8. Ep. 5. 26. He. 9. 13, 14. & 10. 1,2. IJohn 1. 7, y. / Le. 23. 3-3. g Le. 4. 3, 5, 16. I Heh. fill his ALe.23. 31. Nu. 29. 7. i Ex. 30. 10. He. 9. 7, 25. SECT. xxxm. \. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. Sinai. and because of their transgressions in all their sins ; and so shall he do for the tabernacle of the congregation, that tremaineth among them in the midst of their uncleanness. ^"^ And 'there shall be no man in the tabernacle of the congregation when he goeth in to make an atone- ment in the holy place, until he come out, and have made an atone- ment for himself, and for his household, and for all the congregation of Israel. ^^ And he shall go out unto the altar that is before the Lord, and "make an atonement for it ; and shall take of the blood of the bullock, and of the blood of the goat, and put it upon the horns of the altar round about. -^ And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and "hallow it from the unclean- ness of the children of Israel. 20 " And when he hath made an end of "reconciling the holy place, and the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat. ^' And Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions in all their sins, ""putting them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away by the hand of *a fit man into the wilderness : ^^ and the goat shall "bear upon him all their iniquities unto a land tnot inhabited ; and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness. 23 " And Aaron shall come into the tabernacle of the congregation, 'and shall put off the linen garments, which he put on when he went into the holy place, and shall leave them there. ^4 And he shall wash his flesh with water in the holy place, and put on his garments, and come forth, and offer his burnt offering, and the burnt offering of the people, and make an atonement for himself, and for the people. ^5 And "the fat of the sin offering shall he burn upon the altar. 26 " And he that let go the goat for the scapegoat shall wash his clothes, and ''bathe his flesh in water, and afterward come into the camp. -'' And 'the bullock for the sin offering, and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the holy place, shall one carry forth without the camp ; and they shall burn in the fire their skins, and their flesh, and their dung. ^^ And he that burneth them shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp. 29 '< And this shall be a statute for ever unto you ; that ''in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afl3ict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourneth among you, '^^ For on that day shall the priest make an atonement for you, to 'cleanse you, that ye may be clean from all your sins before the Lord. ^^ It -^shafl be a Sabbath of rest unto you, and ye shall afllict your souls, by a statute for ever. ^2 And ^the priest, whom he shall anoint, and whom he shall tconsecrate to minister in the priest's office in his father's stead, shall make the atonement, and shall put on the linen clothes, even the holy garments. ^^ And he shall make an atonement for the holy Sanctuary, and he shall make an atonement for the Tabernacle of the Congregation, and for the Altar, and he shall make an atonement for the Priests, and for all the People of the Congregation. ^^ And ''this shall be an everlasting statute unto you, to make an atonement for the children of Israel for all their sins 'once a year." And he did as the Lord commanded Moses. Sect. XXXIII. Blood to be offered to the Lord; — Its eating forbidden. Lev. xvii. The blood of all slain beasts mvst he offered to the Lord at the door of the tabernacle. 7 They must or oft ' all th not offer to devils. 10 All eating of blood is forbidden, 15 a7id all that dieth alone, or is torn. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ~ " Speak unto Aaron, and r they may bring them unto the Lord, unto the door of the tabernacle 3iVu'i8'^^' <^f t'lG congregation, unto the priest, and offer them for peace offerings unto the Lord. ^ And the -Spriest shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar 206 UNLAWFUL MARRIAGES AND LUSTS. [Period IlL unto his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them ; aSeeDe. 12. 5, This is the thing which the Lord hath comnianded, saying, ^ What bUe. 12.6 13 14. ^^^ socver there be of the house of Israel, "that killeth an ox, or lamb, c Ro. 5. 13. ' or goat, in the camp, or that killeth it out of the camp, ^ and 'bringeth dGe. 17. 14. jj j^Qj yj^^Q ^]^g ^QQj. Qf ^j^g tabernacle of the congregation, to offer an *23!"2.&3i.54. offering unto the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord ; blood 'shall M^'al.l Ki.'^i'e. be imputed unto that man, he hath shed blood, ''and that man shall be 2'ch.28.^4.'Ez. cut off from among his people ; ^to the end that the children of Israel 20. 28. &. 22. 9. niay bring their sacrifices, 'which they offer in the open field, even that ^Kx.29. 18. Le. •J.5, ll,l(j. " ' H. .\u. 18. ft De. 3-2. 17 io6.''37.^i co.^^' of the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and ^burn 10. 20. Re. 9.20. tj^e fat for a sweet savour unto the Lord. "^ And they shall no more offer '^^'a^De.^si.^e! their sacrifices ''unto devils, after whom they 'have gone a whoring. Ez. 23. 8. rpj^jg gj^j^ji j^g ^ statute for ever unto them throughout their generations. 1 Ge. 9. 4'. Le. 3. ^ " And thou shalt .say unto them. Whatsoever man there be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers which sojourn among you, ■'that offereth a burnt offering or sacrifice, ^and bringeth it not unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, to offer it unto the Lord ; even that man shall be cut off from among his people. Ma. 14. 24. Ro. 10 a \i^f[ ^whatsoever man there be of the house of Israel, or of the ' "' ' ' ' strangers that sojourn among you, that eateth any manner of blood; 'I will even set my face against that soul that eateth blood, and w-ill cut him off from among his people. ^^ For the life of the flesh is in ueh^that hmit- the blood, and I have given it to you upon the altar "to make an Le.'7"'-'26.""^"'^' atonement for your souls ; "for it is the blood that maketh an atone- De. 12. iG, 24. ment for the soul. ^^ Therefore I said unto the children of Israel, ' No v%l%T.'7. soul of you shall eat blood, neither shall any stranger that sojourneth 5 See Ge. 9. 4. amoug you eat blood.' ^^ And whatsoever man there be of the children 17. &.7. 26, 27. ii. 19.26. De. 12. 16, 23. & 15.23. 1 Sa. 14. 33. Ez. 44.7. I See Ge. 9. 4. m Mat. 26. 28. . 7. Col. 1. 14 20. Ho. 13. 12. 1 Pc. 1. 2. 1 Jo. 1.7. Re. 1. 5. n He. 9. 22, t Heb. a carcass, and catchcth any beast or fowl that may be eaten ; he shall even "pour lil'.ll'.s^' ^^^ t'i6 blood thereof, and ^cover it with dust. ^"^ For 'it is the life of « Le. s.'i'.iL 7. all flesh, the blood of it is for the life thereof ; therefore I said unto the 19: l).^^'^' '''"■ children of Israel, ' Ye shall eat the blood of no manner of flesh,' for the life of all flesh is the blood thereof; whosoever eateth it shall be cut off. 1^ " And "every soul that eateth tthat which died of itself, or that ■ ■ which was torn with beasts, whether it be one of your own country, or A. M.2514. a stranger, 'he shall both wash his clothes, 'and bathe himself in water, iUL^'3^1647 and be unclean until the even; then shall he be clean, i*^ But if he ^sTn'ai. wash them not, nor bathe his flesh ; then "he shall bear his iniquity." ^f^fe "19 4^10^" Section XXXI V .— Unlmoful 3Iarriages ;— Unlaufid Lusts. 34. & 20. 7! Ez. Lev. xviii. 6~Ez. 20.' 7, 8. & ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, -" Speak unto the chil- cEi ^23.24. Le. ^^6" ^^ Isracl. and say unto them, "I am the Lord your God. "After V23.be.' 12. 4, Hhe doings of the land of Egypt, wherein ye dwelt, shall ye not do; dSie.\. i,2.&6. 'and after the doings of the land of Canaan, whither I bring you, shall e Ez^2/ n^^i3 y^ "^^ ^" ' "either" shall ye walk in their ordinances. '^ Ye "shall do 21. Lu.' 10.' 28.' my judgments, and keep mine ordinances, to walk therein ; I am the Ro. 10. 5. Ga. 3. j^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^j 5 Y^ ^l^^jj therefore keep my statutes, and my judg- / Ex. 6^. 2, 6, 29. nients, 'which if a man do, he shall live in them ; ^l am the Lord. * Heb. remainder ^ " Nouc of you shall approach to any that is *near of kin to him, to fi!!c!i^n. uncover their "nakedness : I am the Lord. ' The ^'nakedness of thy ftGe.'49.4."Le. father, or the nakedness of thy mother, shalt thou not uncover: she 30: &2?.2(hEz. is thy mother, thou shalt not uncover her nakedness. ^The '"naked- 22^^o Am.2.7. ^ggg ^f ^j^y father's wife shalt thou not uncover: it is thy father's Part VIIL] A REPETITION OF SUNDRY LAWS. 207 'j^!i2^Elif''' nakedness. ^The 'nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, ^^- or daughter of thy mother, whether she be born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover. i*'The naked- ness of thy son's daughter, or of thy daughter's daughter, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover : for theirs is thine own nakedness. ^^ The nakedness of thy father's wife's daughter, begotten of thy father j j Le. 20. 19. ^^^® ^^ ^'^y ^^^^®''' ''^^" ^'^^^^ "ot uncover her nakedness, i^ Thou ^shalt k Le. 20. 20. not uucovcr the nakedness of thy father's sister : she is thy father's npar 'L"-lo.i2.iz. J^.inswoman. i^Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's 22. II -.-*_-/■_ I ■ .1 ., , . . . . _^ m Le. 20. 21. De. 25. 5. Mat. 2J. 24. n Le. 20. sister : for she is thy mother's near kinswoman, i* Thou '^shalt not un- sha; h: l^see ^^"^^\ ^^^^ nakedness of thy father's brother, thou shalt not approach to his wife : she is thine aunt, i^ Thou 'shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy daughter-in-law : she is thy son's wife ; thou shalt not uncover her ^a«X"Ef 2t/.3. "akedness. '^ Thou '"shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy brother's oisa.i.6,8. wife: It IS thy brother's nakedness. ^^ Thou "shalt not uncover the ^k%^lfi^^: nakedness of a woman and her daughter, neither shalt thou take her 5Le.2o. 10. E.X. son's daughter, or her daughter's daughter, to uncover her nakedness ; f'-2i:i%Vi: for they are her near kinswomen: it is wickedness. ^^ Neither shalt Mat'VJT'jo"' *^^°" ^^'^® ^^ ^^^^® to ^er sister, "to vex her, to uncover her nakedness, 8.4,5.Ro.2. besides the other in her life time. He. i3.°4. ■ ■ ^'^ " Also ^thou shalt not approach unto a woman to uncover her '"i^^^^liVfe nakedness, as long as she is put apart for her uncleanness. ^o More- fz' ''?d st & bl °^^*" '^'^^" ^^^^^^ "^* ^^^ carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile ST^l).' ■ ■ thyself with her. 21 And thou shalt not let any of thy seed '"pass 'canedJkJ.v'^, through the fire to ^Molech, neither shalt thou 'profane the name of Moloch. ' thy God : I am the Lord. 22 Thou "shalt not lie with mankind, as with 'tl'^il^^i womankind: it is abomination. ^3 Neither "shalt thou lie with any I'fMaf.fil."' ^^^^^ to defile thyself therewith: neither shall any woman stand be- «Le^2o. 13. Ro. forc a bcast to lie down thereto: '"it is confusion. iTi.L*Io: ^'^' ^'' " Defile 'not ye yourselves in any of these things : ^for in all these "£^^.^"'19^' ^"^^ .^'^® nations are defiled which I cast out before you. 25 And "the land w Le.To. 12. IS defiled ; therefore I do "visit the iniquity thereof upon it, and the ^^co' 3^7^^"^''" ^^"^ '^^^'^^ vomiteth out her inhabitants. ^6 Ye 'shall therefore keep 2,Le.°2:).'23.'De. '^^ statutcs aiid my judgments, and shall not commit any of these iN»% 34 Je ^'^.^"^"^ations ; neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger that '2.7.&16.18?' sojourneth among you ; 27 (for all these abominations have the men ?s.89 iiis f the land done, which were before you, and the land is defiled:) I'd I' t u ^ ^'^^^ -^^^^ '^""^ ^*^"® "^t you out also, when ye defile it, as it spued out %3.2. Ho! the nations that were before you. ^'^ For whosoever shall commit any of ^s- ^^- these abominations, even the souls that commit them, shall be cut off .22,23. from among their people. =^0 Therefore shall ye keep mine ordinance, 'sail, n. ^^' 'tliat ye commit not any one of these abominable customs, which were dDe. 18.9. committed before you, and that ye defile not yourselves therein : I am the Lord your God." SECT^xxv. Section XXXV. A Repetition of sundnj Laws. Lev. xix. ^ And the Lord sf)ake unto Moses, saying, ^ '« Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them, "Ye shall be holy ; for I the Lord your God am holy. ^ " Ye 'shall fear every man his mother, and his father, 'and keep my Sabbaths : I am the Lord your God. Turn ''ye not unto idols, 'nor make to yourselves molten gods : d^E.v. 20. 4. Le. I am the Lord your God. h"'5.2i. ^" And -^if ye offer a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the Lord, "■""■ ^® ^^^^^^ o^^"" it at your own will. ''It shall be eaten the same day ye /Le. 7. ic. offer it, and on the morrow : and if aught remain until the third day, it aPs, 21. . ,9.& 14 i. 2. H 2. 13. &8. 13. & 9. 9. 5Le, A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. a Le. II. 44. & 20. 7, 21. 1 Pe. 1. IB. b Ex. 20. 12. c Ge. 2. John .5.21. 27. 15 208 A REPETITION OF SUNDRY LAWS. [Period III. ^^^i'^ihRu.l'. ^^^^^ ^6 burnt in the fire. ''' And if it be eaten at all on the third daj-, ^5' ^^- _ it is abominable : it shall not be accepted. ^ Therefore every one that 22fi,7,' 10. De. catcth it shall bear his iniquity, because he hath jDrofaned the hallowed t Le^^e 2 E 4 thing of the Lord : and that soul shall be cut oft' from among his people. 25.'coi.3. 9.' ^3 " And ^when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not ^z!^iiT.'l'iC'^' ^'''holly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the Mat. 5. 33. ia. 5. gleanings of thy harvest. ^° And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, iLe. 18. 21. neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt I Ma. 10. 19. leave them for the poor and stranger : I am the Lord your God. m De!'^24. 14, 15. ^^ " Yc ''shall uot stcal, neither deal falsely, 'neither lie one to *'^''^ % another. ^-And ye shall not 'swear by my name falsely, ^neither shalt "14.^13.' ' ' thou profane the name of thy God: I am the Lord. ^^Thou 'shalt "hl'^.'-^l'^^i. "°t defraud thy neighbour, neither rob him : "'the wages of him that iPe. 2. 17. is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning. ^\fY^^\l'.\i' ^^ " Thou shalt not curse the deaf, "nor put a stumblingblock before 2^ fr". 24'. S: ^'^' the blind, but shalt "fear thy God : I am the Lord. jiau 2-2. 16. Ja. ^^ " Yc ''sliall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not 5 Ex. 23. LPs. respect the person of the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty ; Pr ii.'^i3.V2b. but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbour. 19. Ez. 23.9. i*^ " Thou 'shalt not go up and down 'as a talebearer among thy "^1 Ki. 21. 13.' people ; neither shalt thou '"stand against the blood of thy neighbour : Ma^u26.6o,6). j ^^ ^j^^ LoRD. 1" Tliou "slialt not hate thy brother in thy heart ; 'thou a ] joiin 2. 9, 11. shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, *and not suffer sin upon him. ( Mat. 18. 15. Ga. -^^ Thou "shalt uot aveugc, nor bear any grudge against the children of i'tI. 5!'2o.'2 Ti. thy people, "but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself : I am the Lord. &2 Ts'' ^'^^' ^^ " ^^ ^'^^^^ keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender * Or, that tiiou with a diverse kind ; ""thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed ; ht'n:^seeno'.'\. ""neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woollen come upon thee. 1 Times' 22" ^° " ^"^ whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, 2Joiinii. tbetrothed to a husband, and not at all redeemed, nor freedom given "20.^22. Ro^^i^!"'' her ; tshe shall be scourged ; they shall not be put to death, because Ep.'4.'3i!"i^Pe"' ^^^ ^^'^^ ""^t free. ^^ And ^he shall bring his trespass offering unto the 2. i.ja. 5. 9. Lord, unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, even a "^'.''sg.^iio^'is^g. ram for a trespass offering. — And the priest shall make an atonement *De\2^9^^o^ for him with the ram of the trespass offering before the Lord for his zDe.22.11. sin which he hath done ; and the sin which he hath done shall be ^ Or, abused by forgivcu him. pro'aciied'by, or, ^"^ " And whcu yc shall come into the land, and shall have planted all (Z^'thcy. Heb. manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as there shall be a uucircumciscd : thrcc years shall be as uncircumcised unto vou : it scour fititr, ^ J ^ • ^ y Lc. 5. 15. & 6. shall not be eaten of, ^^ But in the fourth year all the fruit thereof *^Heh hoiive^sof ^'^^'^ ^^ *holy ''to praisc the Lord withal. -^ And in the fifth year shall prau'e^ to th'. ye Cat of the fruit thereof, that it may yield unto you the increase 1 De. 12. 17, 18. thereof : I am the Lord your God. Pj-^"^- ' 26 u Ye "shall not eat any thing with the blood ; ''neither shall ye use °De?i2.''23." ' enchantment, nor observe times. ^'' Ye 'shall not round the corners ^H^is^a.Ts.'M ^^ y^"*" heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard. ^^ Ye Mai. 3. 5. shall not ''make any cuttincrs in vour flesh for the dead, nor print any cDe. 21.5. Je. 9. , j ^\ " t ' 9t;. le. \o. 2. marks upon you : I am the Lord. '^u%^Je^'u% ^^ " ^'^ "*^^ tprostitutc thy daughter, to cause her to be a whore ; lest fHeh! pi^ofa^. the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness. eL^ ^^"'^ ^^ " ^*^ 'shall keep my Sabbaths, and -^reverence my sanctuary : I /Ec. 5. 1. am the Lord. •^eo^effDe.^s: ^^ " Regard ''not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after ]n^i'sa.'28^ Is wizards, to be defiled by them : I am the Lord your God. 8. 19.' Ac. 16.16! ^2 " Thou ''shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honor the face of *2o^M.\'Ti'..ri. the old man, and fear thy God : I am the Lord. Part VIII.] MISCELLANEOUS AND MORAL LAWS. 209 j Ex. 12. 4S, 49, k De. 10. 19. / De. -25. 13, 15. I'r. 11. 1. &, 16, Jl. cc :2J. !0. ^^ \ lob. stones. JT. XXXVI. rf Ez. 5. 11 e Le. 18. 2 A Ex. -20. 5. i Le. 17. 7. See Ex. 22.21. 33 a ^j-j^-j i|f j^ stranger sojourn with thee m your land, ye shall not f^J'T/r^n ivex him. ^^^ But •'the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and ''thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt : I am the Lord your God. ^^ " Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in meteyard, in stoues. weight, or in measure. ^^ Just 'balances, just *weights, a just ephah, ^o,' (1: k 5. ^'^^ ^ J"^*^ '^'"' ^'^^^' y® ^^^^^ • I ^™ t'le LoKD your God, which brought >■ i'j. you out of the land of Egypt. ^"^ Therefore '"shall ye observe all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do them: I am the Lord." Section XXXVI. — MisceUancotis arid Moral Laws. Lev. XX. A M "514 ^f ^^^ ''"*' ^"^^'' "-^ ''** **^*^ *° Molech. 4 Of him that favoreth such an one. 6 Of s:oino- to Vr'i^gn" wizards. 1 Of sa7ictif cation. 9 Of him that curseth his parents. \0 Of adultery. \\ 14 17 ,, ,^"; Yi Of incest 13 Of sodomy. 15 Of be stialif,/. lii Of uncleanness. n Obedience is required HALES, 104/. J^l^|^ holiness. 27 Wizards must be put to death. smai. 1 j^^^ ^^^ Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Again, thou "shalt aLe. 18. 21. Say to the children of Israel, ''Whosoever he be of the children of ''uTii^'ich.^t Israel, or of the strangers that sojourn in Israel, that giveth any of his 6- ' J«' 7- 3i-'^^- seed unto <'''Molecli, he shall surely be put to death; the people of c Le.~i7. 10. the land shall stone him with stones. ^ And 1 will set my face against that man, and will cut him off from among his people ; because he hath given of liis seed unto Molech, ''to defile my sanctuary, and 'to profane my Holy Name. '^ And if the people of the land do any ways hide their eyes from the man, when he giveth of his seed unto Molech, ■!r Le n ^I'o^' ^' ^"^ !^^^^ ^""^ ^^^^ ' ^ ^^^®" °^ ^^^^^ ^®^ ^y ^^^^ against that man, and ^ ^- ■ ■ ''against his family, and will cut him off, and all that 'go a whoring after him, to commit whoredom with Molech, from among their people. j Le. 19. 31. 6 <:; ^,-,(j jj]-^g gQ^j jj^.^^ turnctii after such as have familiar spirits, and after wizards, to go a whoring after them, I will even set my face against that soul, and will cut him off from among his people. fc Le.^11.44. 1 Pe. 7 u Sauctify ^yoursclvcs therefore, and be ye holy ; for I am the Lord zLo. 19. 37. your God. ^ And 'ye shall keep my statutes, and do them : ™I am the "2L^8. Ez.^37.28! LoRD which sanctify you. "2o'''2o"Val' Ts" ° " ^^^' "^^^^y O"^ t^^t curseth his father or his mother shall be surely 4.' ■ " ■ ■ put to death : he hath cursed his father or his mother ; "his blood shall o2Sa. 1.16. \^Q ypQj^ {jjj^_ P Le. 18. 20. 10 u ^^^ 7'^jjg J^g^^^ ^j^^^^ committeth adultery with another man's wife, (even he that committeth adultery with his neighbour's wife), the adul- «27^2^^- ^- ^''- terer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death. ^^ And 'the man that lieth with his father's wife hath uncovered his father's nakedness : both of them shall surely be put to death ; their blood shall be upon r Le. 18. 15. them. ^'^ And If a man lie with his daughter-in-law, both of them shall s Lo. 18. 23. surely be put to death : 'they have wrought confusion ; their blood shall ^Ge.ig.'s""^'" ^® "P*^" t^i®"^- ^^If 'a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination : they shall surely be put to death ; their blood shall be upon them. ^^ And "if a man take a wife and her mother, it is wickedness ; they shall be burnt with fire, both he and they, that there be no wickedness among you. V Lo. 18. 23. 15 ^j^^j -If ^ jjjg^j-^ ijg ^yi^i^ ^ beast, he shall surely be put to death, and ye shall slay the beast. ^^ And if a woman approach unto any beast, C^*) Idolatry was punished by the Mosaic Law, nature, or to the spirits of deified men ; and mur- because it was treason and rebellion against their der and every abomination were enumerated Sovereign. God assumed the title of King of Israel, among the proofs of homage to these false gods, that adherence to his worship might be a proof of Human sacrifices — offering up their children, and allegiance, and idolatry be more certainly and passing them through the fire to Molech — the'pros- rignrously prohibited. And the justice and wisdom titution of their young women — the shameful rites of this law will be more evident, if we consider that of Baal Peer, &c., were crimes deserving of death the idolatry of the nations which surrounded Israel in every well-ordered community. Vide Michaelis, did not consist in speculative opinions only, but in Com. &c., b. v. eh. ii. art. 246. acts of open homage to the personified powers of VOL. I. 27 *N u Le. 18. 17. 27. 23. 210 LAWS CONCERNING THE PRIESTS. [Period IIL 10 See Ge. 30. 12. X Se« Le. 15. 24. * Heb. made naked. y Le. 18. 12, 13. z Le. 18. 6. a Le. 18. 14. b Le. 18. 16. f Heb. a separa- tion. e Le. 18. 26. dLe. 18.25,28. eLe. 18. 3,24, 30. /De. 9.5. g See Ge. 12. 7. Ex. 3. 17. h Ge. 17. 8. t Lo. 11. 47. De. 14.4. j Le. 11. 43. J Or, movetfi. k Le. 19. 2. 1 Pe. 1. 16. I Tit. 2. 14. m Le. 19. 31. De. 18. 10, 11. 1 Sa. 28. 7, 8. and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast : they shall surely be put to death ; their blood shall be upon them. ^'^ And "if a man shall take his sister, his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness ; it is a wicked thing ; and they shall be cut oft' in the sight of their people : he hath uncovered his sister's nakedness ; he shall bear his iniquity. ^"^ And ""if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness ; he hath *discovered her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood : and both of them shall be cut off" from among their people. ^'-^ And "thou shalt not uncover the naked- ness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister ; "^for he uncovereth his near kin : they shall bear their iniquity. ^" And "if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's nakedness ; they shall bear their sin, they shall die childless. ^^ And Mf aman shall take his brother's wife, it is tan unclean thing ; he hath uncovered his brother's nakedness, they shall be childless. ^^ " Ye shall therefore keep all my ^statutes, and all my judgments, and do them ; that the land, whither I bring you to dwell therein, ''spue you not out. ^^ And 'ye shall not walk in the manners of the nations, which I cast out before you : for they committed all these things, and ■''therefore I abhorred them. '^'^ But ^I have said unto you, Ye shall in- herit their land, and I will give it unto you to possess it, a land that floweth with milk and honey : ''I am the Lord your God, which have separated you from other people. 25 u Ye 'shall therefore put difference between clean beasts and un- clean, and between unclefin fowls and clean ; ^and ye shall not make your souls abominable by beast, or by fowl, or by any manner of living thing that tcreepeth on the ground, which I have separated from you as unclean. -^ And ye shall be holy unto me ; *for I the Lord am holy, 'and have severed you from other people, that ye should be mine. ^^ " A '"man also or a woman tliat hath a familiar spirit, or that is a wizard, shall surely be put to death ; they shall stone them with stones ; their blood shall be upon them." SECT, xxxvn A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. * Or, bein^ a hus- band avtonsr hU peopU, he shall not defile himself for his wife, &,c. See Ez. ^4. 16, 17. b Le. 19. 27, 28. Ez. 44. 20. c Le. 18. 21. dSeeLe. 3. 11. e Ez. 44. 22. /See De.24. 1 g Le. 20. 7, 8. Section XXXVIL — Laws concerning the Priests. Lev. x.\i. and xxii. Of the priests' mourning. 6 Of their holiness. ?> Of their estimation. 7, 13 Of their inarriases. 17 The priests thai have blemislies must not minister in the sanctitanj. — Chap. xxii. 1 iT'/ie priests in their uncleaiiness must abstain from the holy things. 6 Hmo they shall be cleansed. 10 Who of the priest's house may eat of the holy things. 17 The sacrifices must he without blemish. 26 The age of the sacrifice. 29 The law of eating the sacrifice of thanksgiving. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Speak unto the priests the sons of Aaron, and say unto them, "There shall none be defiled for the dead among his peojjle. ^ But for his kin, that is near unto him, that is, for his mother, and for his father, and for his son, and for his daugh- ter, and for his brother, ^ and for his sister a virgin, that is nigh unto him, which hath had no husband; for her may he be defiled. ''But *he shall not defile himself, being a chief man among his jieople, to profane himself. ^ They ''shall not make baldness upon their head, neither shall they shave oft' the corner of their beard, nor make any cuttings in their flesh. "^ They shall be holy unto their God, and '^not profane the name of their God ; for the offerings of the JiORo made by fire, and ''the bread of their God, they do ofler, therefore they shall be holy. '' They 'shall not take a wife that is a whore, or profane, neither shall they take a woman •'^put away from her husband ; for he is holy unto his God. ^Thou shalt sanctify him therefore; for he offereth the bread of thy God. He shall be holy unto thee ; ^for I the Lord, which sanctify you, am holy. Part VIIL] LAWS CONCERNING THE PRIESTS. 211 h Ge. 38. 24. 9 '' And ''the daughter of any priest, if she profane herself by playing the whore, she profaneth her father ; she shall be burnt with fire. t^"- 29. 29, 30. 10 ''And 'he that is the high priest among his brethren, upon whose 35.'25. ' ' head the anointing oil was poured, ^and that is consecrated to put on j Ex. 28. 2. |.j^g garments, ''shall not uncover his head, nor rend his clothes ; ^^ neither I Nu. 19. 14. shall he 'go in to any dead body, nor defile himself for his father, or m he. 10. 7. for his mother ; ^^ neither "shall he go out of the sanctuary, nor pro- n Ex. 28. 36. ^^^^ ^1^^ sauctuary of his God, "for the crown of the anointing oil of oEz.44.22. his God is upon him : I am the Lord. ^^ And °he shall take a wife in her virginity. ^^ A widow, or a divorced woman, or profane, or a harlot, these shall he not take ; but he shall take a virgin of his own people to wife. ^^ Neither shall he profane his seed among his people ; for I the Lord do sanctify him." ^6 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^■^" Speak unto Aaron, saying, Whosoever he be of thy seed in their generations that hath ^i6.%.^Ps%4'."4. ^"y blemish, let him not ^approach to ofter the thread of his God. ^^ For t ov,food. Le. whatsoever man he be that hath a blemish, he shall not approach ; a \l\:y 23 blind man, or a lame, or he that hath a flat nose, or any thing 'super- fluous. '^Oraman that is broken-footed, or broken-handed, ^"^ or crook- * Or, too slender, backcd, or *a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or r De. 23. 1. scabbed, or '^hath his stones broken ; ^^ no man that hath a blemish of the seed of Aaron the priest shall come nigh to offer the offerings of the Lord made by fire ; he hath a blemish, he shall not come nigh to offer the bread of his God. ~- He shall eat the bread of his God, both iLe.2. 3, 10. of the 'most holy, and of 'the holy. ^^Only he shall not go in unto the iLe.22. 10-12. ^^-j^ ^^^ coiTie uigh uuto the altar, because he hath a blemish ; that he profane not my sanctuaries, for I the Lord do sanctify them." 2^ And Moses told it unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^" Speak unto Lev. xxii. M Nu. 6. 3. Aaron and to his sons, that they "separate themselves from V Le. 18. 21. the holy things of the children of Israel, and that they "profane not w Ex. 28. 38. jj^y Holy Name in those things which they '"hallow unto me : I am the Lord. ^ Say unto them, Whosoever he be of all your seed among your generations, that goeth unto the holy things, which the children E Le. 7. 20. of Israel hallow unto the Lord, ""having his uncleanness upon him, that soul shall be cut off' from my presence : I am the Lord. ^ What man ^Heh.ruimingof socvcr of thc sccd of Aarou is a leper, or hath a trunning issue ; he is! 2.'"^' "' shall not eat of the holy things, ^until he be clean. And ^ whoso touch- j,Le. 14.2. gth any thing that is unclean by the dead, or "a man whose seed goeth a Le. 15. 16.' ^''^™ '^"^ 5 ^ ^*' ''whosocvcr touchcth any creeping thing, whereby he may 4 Le. 11. 24, 43, bc made unclean, or ^a man of whom he may take uncleanness, what- ^ 15 7 19 soever uncleanness he hath ; ^the soul which hath touched any such shall be unclean until even, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless ^0^22^' ^' "^' be ''wash his flesh with water. ''' And when the sun is down, he shall eLe. 21.22. be clean, and shall afterward eat of the holy things, because 'it is his /See Ex.22. 31. food. ^ That ^which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall not eat to defile himself therewith : I am the Lord. ^ They shall therefore g Ex. 28. 43. i^ggp j^^if^g ordinance, ^lest they bear sin for it, and die therefor, if they profane it : I the Lord do sanctify them. h See 1 sa. 21. 6. 10 " There ''shall no stranger eat of the holy thing ; a sojourner of the priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing. ^^ But if ^purch^eofkis the priest buy any soul Iwith his money, he shall eat of it, and he that iNTls 11 13. ^^ ^'^'"" ^" ^^^ house ; Hhey shall eat of his meat. ^^ If the priest's daugh- * Hob. a man a tcr also bc married unto *a stranger, she may not eat of an oflfering of stranger. j.|^g j^^jy tj^ji^gg 13 gy^ jf t^g pricst's daughter be a widow, or divorced, ALe. 10. 14. and have no child, and is 'returned unto her father's house, ''as in her 212 LAWS CONCERNING FESTIVALS. [Period IIL youth, she shall eat of her father's meat ; but there shall no stranger eat thereof. J Le. 5. 15,16. 14 u ^^^j r^f ^ ^^^^^ ^^^ ^f ^^^ j^^j^ ^j^j^^^ unwittingly, then he shall put the fifth part thereof unto it, and shall give it unto the priest with mNu. 18. 32. the holy thing. ^^And "'they shall not profane the holy things of the \^u'J^tkZ'in- children of Israel, which they offer unto the Lord, ^'^ or tsuffer them iguUy of trespass to bear the iniquity of trespass, when they eat their holy things ; for I mthar eating. ^, y i ^- f ^i 55 '' J a J the Lord do sanctily them. ^' And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, i^'' Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, nLe. 1. 2,3, 10. "Whatsoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offer- ings, which they will offer unto the Lord for a burnt offering; ^^ ye he. 1. 3. "gj^aii Qffgr at yQyr Q^^j^ ^yjll ^ j^^aig „,ithout blemish, of the beeves, of '5^27.^He^9. h! *^® shccp, or of the goats. ~° But ^whatsoever hath a blemish, that shall 1 Pe."i. 19.' ' ye not offer ; for it shall not be acceptable for you. ^^ And 'whosoever 1 ill iVnu offereth a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the Lord '^to accomplish his 15^3, 8. De. 23. VOW, or a frccwill offering in beeves or tsheep, it shall be perfect to be Ec'.^.' Cs.^^' ^' accepted ; ^there shall be no blemish therein. ^-^ Blind, 'or broken, or *s^''l""i' 3 Claimed, or having a wen, or scurvy, or scabbed, ye shall not offer these t Mai. 1.8. unto the Lord, nor make "an offering by fire of them upon the altar uLe. 1. 9, 13. unto the Lord. -^Either a bullock or a *lamb that hath any thing cLe'.2Li8. "superfluous or lacking in his parts, that mayest thou offer for a free- will offering ; but for a vow it shall not be accepted. ^^ Ye shall not offer unto the Lord that which is bruised, or crushed, or broken, or cut ; neither shall ye make any offering thereof in your land. rL^'afe^iv ^' ~^ ^eitlier "'from a stranger's hand shall ye offer "the bread of your y Mai. 1. 14. God of any of these ; because their ^corruption is in them, and blem- ishes be in them : they shall not be accepted for you." lEx. 2>. 30. 26 ^j-^(j jj^g Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^" When ''a bullock, or a sheep, or a goat, is brought forth, then it shall be seven days under the dam ; and from the eighth day and thenceforth it shall be accepted for an offering made by fire unto the Lord. ^'^ And whether it be cow ^Ot, she goat. or tcwc, yc shall not kill it "and her young both in one day. iLe.7.i2.Ps. ^^ •' And when ye will ''ofler a sacrifice of thanksgiving unto the 116. 17. Lord, offer it at your own will. ^" On the same day it shall be eaten cLe.7. 15. up; ye shall leave 'none of it until the morrow: I am the Lord. dLe. 19. 37 - •' — eLe. 18.21. ^^ " Therefore ''shall ye keep my commandments, and do them : I /Le. 10. 3. Mat. am the Lord. ^^ Neither 'shall ye profane my Holy Name ; but ■'I will ahe 20 8 ^^ hallowed among the children of Israel : I am the Lord which A Ex. 6. 7. ^hallow you, ^^ that ''brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God : I am the Lord." SECT.xxxvm. Sect. XXXVIII. Lmvs concerning Festivals. A. M. 2514. Lev. xxiii. B. C. 1490. Tlie feasts ofihe Lord. 3 The Salibath. 4 The Pa.ism-.er. 9 The sheaf of FirstfruUs. 15 The feast Hales, 1647. of Pentecost. 11 Gleanings to he left for the poor . 12 Tlie feast of Trumpets. 26 The day of . Atonement. 33 The feast of Tabernacles. — ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto the chil- dren of Israel, and say unto them. Concerning the feasts of the Lord, "lo.^-a^Ps.' 8^i?^3! which ye shall "proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my feasts. b See Ge. 2. 2. 3 u gj^ i j^yg gj^^ji ^^^]^ ^,0 douc ; but the seventh day is the Sabbath of rest, a holy convocation. Ye shall do no work therein ; it is the Sabbath of the Lord in all your dwellings. c Ex. 23. 14. 4 a Thcsc "are the feasts of the Lord, evc7i holy convocations, which d Ex. 12. 6, 14, ye shall proclaim in their seasons. ^ In ''the fourteenth day of the first month at even is the Lord's Passover. '^ And on the fifteenth day of Re. 14. 4 h Le. 2. 14-16. k Nu. 28. 26. Part VIII.] LAWS CONCERNING FESTIVALS. 213 the same month is the feast of Unleavened Bread unto the Lord : eE.T. 12. ic. seven days ye must eat unleavened bread. ^ In 'the first day ye shall have a holy convocation ; ye shall do no servile work therein. ^ But ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord seven days : in the seventh day is a holy convocation ; ye shall do no servile work therein." ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^° " Speak unto the chil- /• Ex. 23. 16, 19. (jren of Israel, and say unto them, ■'^When ye be come into the land which I give unto you, and shall reap the harvest thereof, then ye shall *i?b '^""^''ro bring a *slieaf of the firstfruits of your harvest unto the priest. ^^ And ja.'i. ik he shall "wave the sheaf before the Lord, to be accepted for you ; on the morrow after the Sabbath the priest shall wave it. ^~ And ye shall offer that day when ye wave the sheaf a he lamb without blemish of the first year for a burnt offering unto the Lord. ^^ And ''the meat offer- ing thereof shall be two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire unto the Lord for a sweet savour ; and the drink offering thereof shall be of wine, the fourth part of a hin. ^'* And ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn, nor green ears, until the selfsame day that ye have brought an offering unto your God ; it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 1^ " And 'ye shall count unto you from the morrow after the Sabbath, from the day that ye brought the sheaf of the wave offering ; seven Sabbaths shall be complete ; ^^ (even unto the morrow after the seventh Sabbath shall ye number ^fifty days ;) and ye shall offer *a new meat oflTering unto the Lord. ^"^ Ye shall bring out of your habitations two wave loaves of two tenth deals ; they shall be of fine flour ; they J Ex. 23. 16, 19. shall be baken with leaven; they are 'the firstfruits unto the Lord. 26"" 1. ■ ■ ■ 18 And ye shall offer with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams ; they shall be for a burnt offering unto the Lord, with their meat offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of sweet savour unto mLe.4. 23, 23. the LoRD. ^^ Then ye shall sacrifice "one kid of the goats for a sin offering, and two lambs of the first year for a sacrifice of "peace offer- ings. ^^ And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits for a wave offering before the Lord, with the two lambs ; "they shall be holy to the Lord for the priest. ^^ And ye shall proclaim on the self- same day, that it may be a holy convocation unto you : ye shall do no servile work therein ; it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. ijLe. 19. 9. '^-"And^when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field when thou reapest, q De. 24. 19. 'neither shalt thou gather any gleaning of thy harvest ; thou shalt leave them unto the poor, and to the stranger : I am the Lord your God." ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto the T Nu. 29. 1. children of Israel, saying. In the 'seventh month, in the first day of sLe. 25.9. thc mouth, sliall ye have a Sabbath, "a memorial of blowing of trum- pets, a holy convocation. ^^ Ye shall do no servile work therein ; but ye shall offer an oflTering made by fire unto the Lord." f Le. 16. 30. Nu. 26 ^j^^j ^j^g LoRD spakc uuto Moscs, sayiug, -■''"Also 'on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a Day of Atonement. It shall be a holy convocation unto you ; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord. ^^ And ye shall do no work in that same day ; for it is a day of atonement, to make an atone- ment for you before the Lord your God. ^^ For whatsoever soul it be u Go. 17. 14. that shall not be afflicted in that same day, "he shall be cut off from among his people. ^^ And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work rLe.2o. 3, 5,6. in that same day, "the same soul will I destroy from among his people. 2^ Ye shall do no manner of work, (it shall be a statute for ever through- Nu. 28. 30. Le. 3. 1. 214 LAW OF BLASPHEMY, &c. [Period lU. out your generations in all your dwellings.) ^-^ it shall be unto you a Sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls. In the ninth day of the t Heb.rest. mouth at evcu, from even unto even, shall ye tcelebrate your Sabbath." "'^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, "^^ '• Speak unto the chil- "SfnTb'''' *^^^" ^^ Israel, saying, ""The fifteenth day of this seventh month shall be the feast of Tabernacles for seven days unto the Lord. ^^ On the first day shall be a holy convocation ; ye shall do no servile work therein, ^^ Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the iNu-^-35-^- Lord. ""On the eighth day shall be a holy convocation unto you, and t Heb. dayof re- Y^ sl^^^ o^^r ^^ offering made by fire unto the Lord : it is a Isolemn s^^^'ch 't^V^' assembly, and ye shall do no servile work therein. Joel 1. 14.' '^' '- These are the feasts of the Lord, which ye shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord, a burnt offering, and a meat offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, 2,xu. 29. 39. every thing upon his day ; ^^ besides ^the Sabbaths of the Lord, and besides your gifts, and besides all your vows, and besides all your free- will offerings, which ye give unto the Lord. ^'-^ " Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when ye have ^Ex. 23. 16. De. "gathered in the fruit of the land, ye shall keep a feast unto the Lord seven days ; on the first day shall be a Sabbath, and on the eighth day oNe.8. 15. shall be a Sabbath. '**^ And °ye shall take you on the first day the *Heb./nut. *boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of 6 De. 16. 14, 15. thick ticcs, and willows of the brook ; 'and ye shall rejoice before the c Nu. 29. 12. Lord your God seven days, "^^ And 'ye shall keep it a feast unto the Lord seven days in the year. It shall be a statute for ever in your d Ne. 8. 14-16. generations ; ye shall celebrate it in the seventh month. '^'^ Ye ''shall dwell in booths seven days, (all that are Israelites born shall dwell in e_De. 31. 13. Ps. booths ;) '^^ that 'your generations may know that I made the children of ' ' ' ' Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt : I am the Lord your God." ^^And Moses declared unto the children of Israel the feasts of the Lord. SECT. XXXIX. Sectio.v XXXIX, Shelomith' s Son is stoned f or Blasphemi/; Various Laws. A. .^14. Lev. xxiv. B. C. 1490. The oil for the lamps. 5 TVie shnw-hreod. 10 Shelomith's son blasphemeth. 13 Tlie law ofblas- Hales 1647. phfiinj. 17 Of murder. 18 0/damag;e. 23 The blasphemer is stoned. Sinai. 1 ^jjj) ti^g Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ '•' Command "the chil- oEx 27^0 21 ^^'"*^" ^^ Israel, that they bring unto thee pure oil olive beaten for the * Heb. «o caLe to light; *to causc the lamps to burn continually, ^Without the veil of ascend. ^j^^ tcstiuiouy, iu the tabernacle of the congregation, shall Aaron order it from the evening unto the morning before the Lord contin- ually : it shall be a statute for ever in your generations. '^ He shall 6 Ex. 31. 8. order the lamps upon 'the pure candlestick before the Lord continually, c Ex. 25. 30. ^ " And thou shalt take fine flour, and bake twelve 'cakes thereof : two tenth deals shall be in one cake. ^ And thou shalt set them in two d^i Ki. 7. 48. He. j.^^^^^ gj^ ou a row, ''upon the pure table before the Lord. "And thou eSeeLe.2.2. slialt put purc frankinccuse upon each row, that it may be on the ^9.32!'^' ^ ^^' bread 'for a memorial, even an offering made by fire unto the Lord. ^isa.2i. 6. » Every •'^Sabbath he shall set it in order before the Lord continually, AEx.2D.33. Le. being taken from the children of Israel by an everlasting covenant. s- 3- __ ^ And ^it shall be Aaron's and his sons', ''and they shall cat it in the "irno't'''expre3°e'd holy placc ; for it is most holy unto him of the offerings of the Lord The''!ie"v3'"9eT-' Hiade by fire by a perpetual statute." (iom .used to 10 \^^ ^jjg gQ^ ^f ^j^ Israclitish woman, whose father was an Egyp- name Jehovah, tian, wcut out among the children of Israel. And this son of the Decision". ^*see IsracUtish womaii and a man of Israel strove together in the camp ; ^9over. 16.— n ^^^ ^j^g Israelitish woman's son blasphemed the name °of the Lord, Part VIII.] OF THE SABBATHS OF YEARS— THE JUBILEE. 215 i3ohi.5,u,'22. and 'cursed. And they ^brought him unto Moses, (and his mother's jEx. ]8.22,26. name was Shelomith, the daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan,) iNu. 15. 34. i2gj^(j ii^Qy frput j^jj^^ jj^ Ward, tthat the mind of the Lord might be ^,u,ttkL'7ccord- showed them. ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Bring %MVlord!''' forth him that hath cursed without the camp ; and let all that heard Ex. 18. 15, 1(3. Nu. 27. 5. I Ue. 13. 9. him 'lay their hands upon his head, and let all the congregation stone him. ^^ And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying, Who- otLc. 5. 1. Nu. soever curseth his God "'shall bear his sin. ^^ And he that "blasphem- 7^1 Ki 21 10 13. ^^^^ *h^ name of the Lord, he shall surely be put to death, and Ps. 74. 10, 18. all the congregation shall certainly stone him : as well the stranger, 2. 7.' 'as he that is born in the land, when he blasphemeth the name ^of the b|ec ver. 11.- Lqj^j)^ gj^all be put to death. X Heb. smiteth the ^^ " And hc that tkilleth any man shall surely be put to death. ^® And he that killeth a beast shall make it good ; *beast for beast. ^^ And if a man cause a blemish in his neighbour ; °as he hath done, so shall it be done Heb. life for to lum ; '^^ brcach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth : as he hath Ex. 21.24. Mat. causcd a blcmish in a man, so shall it be done to him again. ^^ And ^he 5. 38. & 7. 2. that killeth a beast, he shall restore it ; and he that killeth a man, he ^ Ex 12 49 ^'^^^^ ^^ P"^ *° death. ^^ Ye 'shall have one manner of law, as well for the stranger, as for one of your own country ; for I am the Lord your God." 2^ And Moses spake to the children of Israel, that they should bring forth him that had cursed out of the camp, and stone him with stones. And the children of Israel did as the Lord commanded Moses. life of a man. Ex. 21. 12. Nu. 35. 31. De. 19. 11, IS =ECT. XL. Hales, 1647. Sinai. 2. 3. 2 Ch. 36. 21. Section XL. Of the Sabbaths of Years ; — The Jubilee. Lev. XXV. A. M. 2ol4. TJie Sabbath of the seventh ijear. QThe jubilee in the fiftieth year. U Of oppression. \^ A bless- ^'^J^^^al'-, ing of obedience. 2Z The redemption of land, '2Q of houses. 2,5 Compassion of the poor. Si's The usage of bondmen, ill The redemption of servants. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses in Mount Sinai, saying, ^ " Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye come into luh.rest. Ge. tlic land which I give you, then shall the land *keep a Sabbath unto the Lord. ^ Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the fruit thereof ; "* but in the seventh year shall be a Sabbath of rest unto the land, a Sabbath for the Lord : a2Ki. 19.29. thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard. ^ That "which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou shalt not reap, neither ^aral'on!""-' "''" gather the grapes tof thy vine undressed ; for it is a year of rest unto the land. ^ And the Sabbath of the land shall be meat for you ; for thee, and for thy servant, and for thy maid, and for thy hired servant, and for thy stranger that sojourneth with thee, " and for thy cattle, and for the beast that are in thy land, shall all the increase thereof be meat. ^ " And thou shalt number seven Sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years ; and the space of the seven Sabbaths of years shall be unto thee, forty and nine years. ^Then shalt thou cause the + Heb. loud of trumpet tof the jubilee to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, ftTe'ts 24 27 '""^ ^'^"^ ^^^ ^^ atoncmcnt shall ye make the trumpet sound throughout cis!6i.'2?Je"34. all your land. ^''And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and 'proclaim Mo, 17. Lu. 4. li^gj-ty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall dNu 36.4. be a jubilee unto you ; "and ye shall return every man unto his posses- sion, and ye shall return every man unto his family. ^^ A jubilee shall that fiftieth year be unto you, ye shall not sow, neither reap that which groweth of itself in it, nor gather the grapes in it of thy vine undressed. ^^ For it is the jubilee ; it shall be holy unto you ; ye shall eat the in- fgi^s-^27. 24. Nu. crease thereof out of the field. ^^ In 'the year of this jubilee ye shall re- /Le. 19.13. isa. tum cvcry man unto his possession. ^^ And if thou sell aught unto thy 2ri^co. 6.^8.' ^' neighbour, or buyest aught of thy neighbour's hand, -^ye shall not oppress 216 OF THE SABBATHS CF YEARS— THE JUBILEE. [Period HI. e Le. 27. 18, 23. oiic aiiother. ^^ According ^to the number of years after the jubilee thou shah buy of thy neighbour, and according unto the number of years of the fruits he shall sell unto thee. ^"^^ According to the multitude of years thou shalt increase the price thereof, and according to the fewness of years thou shalt diminish the price of it ; for according to the number of the years of the fruits doth he sell unto thee. ^" Ye shall not A I.e. 19. 14,32. therefore oppress one another ; ''but thou shalt fear thy God : for I am the Lord your God. i Le. 19. 37. 16 '. Wherefore 'ye shall do my statutes, and keep my judgments, and ig^e^^2G- I^Ps. 4. do them; ^and ye shall dwell in the land in safety, i-' And the land ftLe. 26.5.EZ. shall yield her fruit, and *ye shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in 34. 25, 27, -28. gafcty. "'^ And if ye shall say, 'What shall we eat the seventh year? ' ' behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase, -^ Then I will 'ex.^16^29^" ^^^ '"command my blessing upon you in the si.xth year, and it shall bring n2Ki. 19. 29. forth fruit for three years. --And "ye shall sow the eighth year, and ojos. 5. 11, 12. eat yet Qf "^x^ fruit until the ninth year; until her fruits come in ye shall eat of the old store. *o^,to},r quite 23 i. -pj^g laud sliall uot bc sold *for ever ; for 'the land is mine, for ciutingoff. ' ye are 'strangers and sojourners with me. ^'' And in all the land of your ^s'ch.^?; 20.' Ps. possession ye shall grant a redemption for the land. 85. I.Joel 2. 18. 25 u j£ ^thy brotlicr bc wa.xcn poor, and hath sold away some of his 'ps. 39.'i2. I'pe. possession, and if "any of his kin come to redeem it, then shall he re- Au^'' 20 & 4 deem that which his brother sold. ~'^ And if the man have none to 4, 6. redeem it, and thimself be able to redeem it ; -" then let him count the ^ m.^}f.'3i'7%^.' years of the sale thereof, and restore the overplus unto the man to i Heh. kis hand whoiii lic sold it; that he may return unto his possession. ^^But if he faicnd ^i^imaj. hc uot able to restore it to him, then that which is sold shall remain ^^" ^' ^' in the hand of him that hath bought it until the year of jubilee ; and in the jubilee it shall go out, and he shall return unto his possession, 2^ " And if a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold ; within a full year may he redeem it, -^^ And if it be not redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city shall be established for ever to him that bought it throughout his generations ; it shall not go out in the jubilee, ^^ But the houses of the villages which have no XHeh.redemviicm walls rouud about thciu sliall be counted as the fields of the country : f*4e"Nu*35"2^' ^^^^^^ "^^^' ^^ redeemed, and they shall go out in the jubilee. ^-Not- * Or, one of the withstanding 'the cities of the Levites, and the houses of the cities of tAem!''"^*''"'" their possession, may the Levites redeem at any time, ^^ And if *a man uSoeAc. 4.36, purchasc of the Levites, then the house that was sold, and the city of r,', u .. , . his possession, shall go out in the year of jubilee ; for the houses of faueth. the Cities of the Levites are their possession among the children oi ^De^tTf'ps Israel, ^* But "the field of the suburbs of their cities may not be sold ; 37.26. Pr. 14. for it is thcir perpetual possession, Ac. u.'29. Ro. 35 u ^,)d jf thy brother be wa.ven poor, and f fallen in decay with thee, 17. then thou shalt t relieve him, (yea, though he be a stranger, or a so- 31. I-u. 6. 35 Ac. 11. 29. R 12. 18. 1 Jo. 3. 17. c Ex. 22. 25. De. joumcr ;) that he may live with thee, ■'''Take 'thou no usury of him Vs. 15. 5.%r.' ■ or increase, but "fear thy God ; that thy brother may live with thee, S i7.^& 22^12' ^'Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor lend him thy v> Ne. 5. 9. victuals for increase, ^^ I ""am the Lord your God, which brought you yEx"2^'9. iKi. ^^^'^^ ^ut of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, and 14!' ■ ■ "' ' 30 a ;Ynd "if thy brother that dwclleth by thee be waxen poor, and be *J!rwM Aim wwi sold unto thee ; thou shalt not *comi)cl him to serve as a bondservant, ^e'r"" 'ex^i' ^° -^"t ^^ ^ hired servant, and as a sojourner, he shall be with thee, i4.je.25. i4.'& and shall serve thee unto the year of jubilee. ''^ And then shall he depart I Ex. 21. 3. ^roni thee, both he and his children "'with him, and shall return unto Part VIII.] PROPHETIC THREATENINGS AND CURSES. 217 his own family, and unto the possession of his fathers shall he return. aRo. 6.5W. 'i^For they are "my servants, which I brought forth out of the land of ^^ei/abonl Egypt; they shall uot bo sold tas bondmen. "^^Thou 'shalt not rule man. b Ep. 6. 9. (/Ex. 1. 17,21 e Is. 56. 3, 6. serve yourselves with them, ver. 39. * Heb. his hand obtain, ^c. ver. 26. over him 'with rigor ; but "shalt fear thy God. '''* Both thy bondmen, c E.x! "i. 13. and thy bondmaids, which thou shalt have, shall be of the heathen that are round about you ; of them shall ye buy bondmen and bond- maids. ^^ Moreover of 'the children of the strangers that do sojourn among you, of them shall ye buy, and of their families that are with you, which they begat in your land ; and they shall be your possession. /Is. 14. 2. 46 ^j-,(j /yg gj^j^ji ^^j,g jj^gj^^ ^g j^j-j inheritance for your children after you, ^^rfe'yolrselL ^^ i»'ierit thcm for a possession, tthey shall be your bondmen for ever ; but over your brethren the children of Israel, ye shall not rule one over another with rigor. ''' " And if a sojourner or a stranger *wax rich by thee, and thy brother that dvvelleth by him wax poor, and sell himself unto the stranger or sojourner by thee, or to the stock of the stranger's family; ^8 after that he is sold he may be redeemed again. One of his brethren may ^rNe.5.5. "'redeem him ; **9 either his uncle, or his uncle's son, may redeem him, or any that is nigh of kin unto him of his family may redeem him ; or if he be able, he may redeem himself. ^^ And he shall reckon with him that bought him from the year that he was sold to him unto the year of jubilee ; and the price of his sale shall be according unto the num- Y^ob7.i. is.16. J3g,. of years, ^according to the time of a hired servant shall it be with him. ^^ If there be yet many years behind, according unto them he shall give again the price of his redemption out of the money that he was bought for. ^~ And if there remain but few years unto the year of jubilee, then he shall count with him, and according unto ^ Or, by these his ycars shall he give him again the price of his redemption. ^^'And iEx"2J.2,3. as a yearly hired servant shall he be with him; and the other shall not rule with rigor over him in thy sight. ^'^ And if he be not redeemed SECT. xLi. ^^" ^'^^"'^® years, then ^he shall go out in the year of jubilee, both he, and " _ his children with him. ^'^ For unto me the children of Israel are ser- A. Ji. 2514. vants ; they are my servants whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt : I am the Lord your God." Section XLI. — Prophetic Thrcatenings and Curses. a Ex. 20. 4, 5. L^^- ^^^i' De. 5. 8. Ps. 97. Of idolatry. 2 Religiousness. 3 A blessing to them that keep the commandmenls. 14 A curse to "• those that break them. 40 God promiseth to remember them that repent. ]ol'flZ'ed ^ " ^^ ^^^^^ "^^'^^ ^^^ ""^ **^*^'^ ^^^ graven image, neither rear you .J«..'Heb. a up a *standing image, neither shall ye set up any timage of stone in bGl'.l^'^''"''' yo;^'' land, to bow down unto it ; for I am the Lord your God. c De. 11. 13-15. ~ " Ye 'shall keep my Sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuarv : I am the rf Is. 30. 23. Ez. T„ ^ ^ 34. 26. Joel 2. -LiORD. ef ' a 6 Ez ^ "'^ '^^ ^^^'^ "^ ™^ Statutes, and keep my commandments, and do '34"27.ze.8.'i2. them; ''then ''I will give you rain in due season, 'and the land shall "Cfr:^: ^,n n„ ^'^®'*^ ^^^^ increase, and the trees of the field shall yield their fruit. ^ And -^your threshing shall reach unto the vintage, and the vintage shall reach unto the sowing time ; and °ye shall eat your bread to the full, ii- i«-^ and Mwell in your land safely. ^^ And 'I will give peace in the land, 'ps*:29.^ii.'^" and ^ye shall lie down, and none shall make you afraid ; and I will trid jp=*.3.5.is.35.9. evil beasts out of the land, neither shall '^the sword go through your ^c"t' Tk\. 17. land. "^ And ye shall chase your enemies, and they shall fall before you by ki^u %"■ *^^ sword. « And 'five of you shall chase an hundred, and an hundred ii^.?.i.w. Jos. of you shall put ten thousand to flight ; and your enemies shall fall be- fore you by the sword. '^ For I will '"have respect unto you, and "make you fruitful, and multiply you, and establish my covenant with you. Leias.'ol" ^"^ And ye shall eat "old store, and bring forth the old because of the VOL. I. 23 *c B. C. 14<)0. Hales, 1647. Sinai. g Lc. i>5. 19. De 1!. 15. Joel 2. I'J, 2ti. h Le. 25. 18. Job 23. 10. m Ex. 2. 25. 6,7, 218 PROPHETIC THREATENINGS AND CURSES. [Period III. 21. 3, o Le. 20. 23. De 3:2. 19. r See Ge. 17. 8. Je. 5. 17. Mic. a Ju. 2. 14. Je 19.7 49. 4. /De. 11.17. Hag. 10, pjEx.^25. 8. Ke. new. ^^ And ''I will set my tabernacle among you ; and my soul shall not 'abhor you. '- And 'I will walk among you, and will be your God, and ye shall be my people. ^^ I am the Lord your God, which brought you forth out of the land of Egypt, that ye should not be their bondmen ; Je. 2. 20. 'a,ij I }iave broken the bands of your yoke, and made you go upright. ^''•217. 1^ '' But 'if ye will not hearken unto me, and will not do all these 2Ki. 17. 15. commandments; ^^ and if ye shall "despise my statutes, or if your soul abhor my judgments, so that ye will not do all my command- Do^Ztii!"' ments, but that ye break my covenant : ^^ I also will do this unto you ; Je. 15.8. ^ I -will even appoint *over you terror, "consumption, and the burning l^sa^a.^'s. ague, that shall ""consume the eyes, and cause sorrow of heart ; and 'ye De. 28.33,51. shall SOW your seed in vain, for your enemies shall eat it. ^^ And I will set my face against you, and ^ye shall be slain before your enemies; ""they that hate you shall reign over you, and "ye shall flee when none zPs.106.41. pursueth you. ^"^ And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, "Z^.'l' ^' ^'' then I will punish you ''seven times more for your sins. ^'-^ And I will 4 1 sa. 2. 5. Pr. 'bieak the pride of your power, and ''I will make your heaven as iron, £~is. 25. 11. Ez. and your earth as brass; -''and your 'strength shall be spent in vain, 7. 24. ■ foi- /your land shall not yield her increase, neither shall the trees of the dDe. 28. 23. , i ■ i i ,i • .- -^ rPs. ]27. ].i3. land yield their truits. ~i '' And" if ye walk tcontrary unto me, and will not hearken unto me; I will bring seven times more plagues upon you according to your a Or, And if ye sins. "I °will also scud wild beasts among you, which shall rob you even then, &c. ^^ ^^^^ children, and destroy your cattle, and make you few in num- ] Or, at all aGe.48.i9. shall be Elishama the son of Ammihud. ^^ And "his host, and those that were numbered of them, were forty thousand and five hundred. 20 And by him shall be the tribe of Manasseh ; and the captain of the children of Manasseh shall be Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. 21 And his host, and those that were numbered of them, were thirty and two thousand and two hundred. ^2 Then the tribe of Benjamin ; and the captain of the sons of Benjamin shall be Abidan the son of Gideoni. ^3 And his host, and those that were numbered of them, were thirty and five thousand and four hundred. ^4 All that were numbered of the camp of Ephraim were an hundred thousand and eight thousand and an hundred throughout their armies. And they shall go forward in the third rank. 25 " The standard of the camp of Dan shall be on the North Side by their armies ; and the captain of the children of Dan shall be Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai. ^6 And his host, and those that were num- bered of them, were threescore and two thousand and seven hundred. 27 And those that encamp by him shall be the tribe of Asher ; and the captain of the children of Asher shall be Pagiel the son of Ocran. 28 And his host, and those that were numbered of them, were forty and one thousand and five hundred. ^'J Then the tribe of Naphtali ; and the captain of the children of Naphtali shall be Ahira the son of Enan. ^^ And his host, and those that were numbered of them, were fifty and three thousand and four hundred, ^i All they that were numbered in the camp of Dan were an hundred thousand and fifty and seven thousand and six hundred. They shall go hindmost with their standards." 32 These are those which were numbered of the children of Israel by 224 NUMBERING AND APPOINTMENT OF THE LEVITES. [Period IIL "i^46 &'n"2i"' ^^^ house of their fathers ; "all those that were numbered of the camps throughout their hosts were six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred and fifty. ^^ But the Levites were not numbered among the children of Israel ; as the Lord commanded Moses. ^^ And the children of Israel did according to all that the Lord com- z Nu. 24. 2, 5, c. manded Moses ; ""so they pitched by their standards, and so they set forward, every one after their families, according to the house of their ■ fathers. .SECT. XLIV. A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. Sinui. a See Ex. 6. 23. b Ex. 28. 41. Le. viii. » Heb. whose hand he filled. c Le. 10. 1. Nu. 2:. Gl. 1 Ch. dNu. 2. ePceNu. I. .'iO. &8. 11, 15,21, 21). g Xu. IS. 7. h Xu. 16. 4( i Nu. 8. 16. j See Ex. 13. 2. k Ex. 13. 12, 15. I Nu. 25. 62. t Hoi). JH(m(/i.Gc. 45. 21. mGe. 46. 11. Ex. 6. 16. Nu. 26. 57. ICh.G. 1,16. n Ex. 6.17. Ex. 6. l.S, &.C. The: Section XLIV. — The Numbering and Appointment of the Levites. Num. iii. and iv. of Aaron. 5 The Levites are given to the priests /or the service of the tabernacle, 11 ; stead of the firstborn. 14 The Leriles are nuvtbered by their families. 21 The families, number, and charge of the Gershoniles, '^lof the Koliatliites, 33 of the Merarites. 38 The place and charge of Moses and Aaron. 40 Tiie firstborn are freed by the Lerites. 44 The orerplus are redeemed. — Chap. iv. 1 The age and time of the Levites' service. 4 Tlie carriage of the Koliatli- ites, tolien the priests have taken dawn the tabenuicle. 16 The charge of Eleazar. 17 The of ice of the priests. 21 The carriage of the Gershoniles. 2'J The carnage of the Mera/ites. M The number of the Kohathites, 38 of the Gershoniles, 42 and of the Merarites. ^ These also are the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the Lord spake with Moses in Mount Sinai. ^ And these are the names of the sons of Aaron ; Nadab the "firstborn, and Abihu. Eleazar, and Ithamar. '^ These are the names of the sons of Aaron, Hhe priests which were anointed, *wliom he consecrated to minister in the priest's office. ^ And "Nadab and Abihu died before the Lord, when they offered strange fire before the Lord, in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children ; and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office in the sight of Aaron their father. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Bring ''the tribe of Levi near, and present them before Aaron the priest, that they may minister unto him. ''' And they shall keep his charge, and the charge of the whole congregation before the tabernacle of the congregation, to do 'the service of the tabernacle. ^ And they shall keep all the in- struments of the tabernacle of the congregation, and the charge of the children of Israel, to do the service of the tabernacle. ^ And -^thou shall give the Levites unto Aaron and to his sons ; they are wholly given unto him out of the children of Israel. ^° And thou shalt appoint Aaron and his sons, 'and they shall wait on their priest's office : ''and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death." ^^And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^~ " And I, behold, 'I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of all the firstborn that openeth the matrix among the children of Israel : there- fore the Levites shall be mine : ^^ because ^all the firstborn are mine; ^'for on the day that I smote all the firstborn in the land of Eg}q)t I hallowed unto me all the firstborn in Israel, both man and beast : mine they shall be : I am the Lord." ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, saying, 15 u Number the children of Levi after the house of their fathers, by their families ; 'every male from a month old and upward shalt thou number them." ^^ And Moses numbered them according to the tword of the Lord, as he was commanded. ^^ And "these were the sons of Levi by their names ; Gershon, and Kohath. and Merari. ^^ And these are the names of the sons of Gershon by their families ; "Libni, and Shimei. ^'^ And the sons of Kohath by their families ; "Amram, and Izchar, Hebron, and Uzziel. ~^ And the sons of Merari by their families ; Malili, and Mushi. These are the families of t!ie Levites according to the house of their fathers. -' Of Gershon was the family of the Libnites, and the family of the Shimites ; these are the families of the Gershonites. -^ Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, Part VIIL] pNu, , 1. 53. ?Nu. , 4. 24-26. rEx. 25.9. sEx. 26. 1. tEx. 26. 7, 14. uEx, . 26. 36. uEx. . 27. 9. TO Ex . 27. 16. 2 Ex. 35. 18. ^Nu. . 4. 15. a Ex. 25. 10. 6Ev. , 25. 23. cEx. 25. 31. dEx. , 27. 1. & 30.1 I. eEx. 26. 32. NUMBERING AND APPOINTMENT OF THE LEVITES 225 from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred. ^^ The ^families of the Ger- shonites shall pitch behind the tabernacle Westward. ^"^ And the chief of the house of the father of the Gershonites shall be Eliasaph the son of Lael. ^^ And 'the charge of the sons of Gershon in the tabernacle of the congregation shall be '^the tabernacle, and "the tent, 'the covering thereof, "and the hanging for the door of the tabernacle of the con- gregation. ^^ And "the hangings of the court, and "the curtain for the door of the court, which is by the tabernacle, and by the altar round about, and ""the cords of it for all the service thereof. y 1 ch. 26. 23. -"^ And ^of Kohath was the family of the Amramites, and the family of the Izeharites, and the family of the Hebronites, and the family of the Uzzielites : these are the families of the Kohathites. ^^ In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and si.\ hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary. ^^ The families of the sons of Kohath shall pitch on the side of the tabernacle South- ward. ^^ And the chief of the house of the father of the families of the Kohathites shall be Ehzaphan the son of Uzziel. ^^ And "^their charge shall be "the ark, and 'the table, and "the candlestick, and "^the altars, and the vessels of the sanctuary wherewith they minister, and 'the hanging, and all tiie service thereof. ^^ And Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest shall be chief over the chief of the Levites, and have the oversight of them that keep the charge of the sanctuary. ^^ Of Merari was the family of the Mahlites, and the family of the Mushites ; these are the families of Merari. ^"^ And those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were six thousand and two hundred. ^^And the chief of the house of the father of the families of Merari was Zuriel the son of Abihail ; these shall pitch on the side of the taber- ^Heh. the office naclc Northward. ^^ And funder the custody and charge of the sons Nu. 4. 3i,'32. of Merari shall be the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars thereof, and the pillars thereof, and the sockets thereof, and all the vessels thereof, and all that serveth thereto, "^"^ and the pillars of the court round about, and their sockets, and their pins, and their cords. ^^ But those that encamp before the tabernacle toward the East (even before the tabernacle of the congregation eastward), shall be Moses, /Nu. 18.5. and Aaron, and his sons, ■'^keeping the charge of the sanctuary for the charge of the children of Israel ; and the stranger that cometh nigh ^ See Nu. 26. 62. ghall bc put to death. 2^^ All ° that were numbered of the Levites, which Moses and Aaron numbered at the commandment of the Lord, throughout their families, all the males from a month old and upward, were twenty and two thousand. ^•^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Number all the firstborn of the males of the children of Israel from a month old and upward, and take the number of their names. ^^ And thou shall take the Levites for me (I am the Lord) instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel ; and the cattle of the Levites instead of all the firsthngs among the cattle of the children of Israel." "^^And Moses numbered, as the Lord commanded him, all the firstborn among the children of Israel. ^^ And all the firstborn males by the number of names, from a month old and upward, of those that were numbered of them, were twenty and two thousand two hundred and threescore and thirteen. ■^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Take the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of their cattle ; and the Levites shall be mine : M.'^'isf' ^^' ^"' I ^^^ t'^^ Lord. "^^ And for those that are to be ''redeemed of the two hundred and threescore and thirteen of the firstborn of the children VOL. I. 29 I Ex. 26. 3]. mEj ;. 25 .. 10, 16. nEx .25. 13. oEx 30. .2.5. Le. 23,29, 24. 6,8. J Or, pour out withal. 226 NUMBERING AND APPOINTMENT OF THE LEVITES. [Period HI. of Israel, which are more than the Levites ; ^'^ thou shalt even take « Le.^27. 6. Nil. iflve shekels apiece by the poll, after the shekel of the sanctuary shalt j Ex. 30. 13. Le. thou take them, (the ^shekel is twenty gerahs.) ^^ And thou shalt give 27. 25. £z. 45. ^|^g moncy, wherewith the odd number of them is to be redeemed, unto Aaron and to his sons." "^'-^ And Moses took the redemption money of them that were over and above them that w^ere redeemed by the Levites. ^^ Of the firstborn of the children of Israel took he the money ; a thousand three hundred and threescore and five shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary. ^^ And Moses gave the money of them that were redeemed unto Aaron and to his sons, according to the word of the Lord, as the Lord commanded Moses. 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, ^^ ". iv. 2 " Take the sum of the sons of Kohath from among the sons ftjSee Nu.|.|^4. ^f Levi, after their famihes, by the house of their fathers, ^ from ^thirty 27. * ' ' ' years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter into the host, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation. "^This shall be the service of the sons of Kohath in the tabernacle of the congre- gation, about the most holy things : — ^ " And when the camp setteth forward, Aaron shall come, and his sons, and they shall take down 'the covering veil, and cover the "ark of testimony with it ; ^ and shall put thereon the covering of badgers' skins, and shall spread over it a cloth wholly of blue, and shall put in "the staves thereof. ' And upon the "table of show-bread they shall spread a cloth of blue, and put thereon the dishes, and the spoons, and the bowls, and covers to tcover withal ; and the continual bread shall be thereon. ^ And they shall spread upon them a cloth of scarlet, and cover the same with a covering of badgers' skins, and shall put in the staves thereof. ^ And they shall take a cloth of blue, and cover p Ex. 25. 31. the ^candlestick of the light, 'and his lamps, and his tongs, and his snuffHishes, and all the oil vessels thereof, wherewith they minister unto it ; '^ and they shall put it and all the vessels thereof within a a Or, bier, i.e. covcring of badgcrs' skins, and shall jmt it upon a "bar. "And upon uTensiVs^-yJ'" '"the golden altar they shall spread a cloth of blue, and cover it with r Ex. 30. 1,3. ^ covering of badgers' skins, and shall put to the staves thereof. ^~ And they shall take all the instruments of ministry, wherewith they minister in the sanctuary, and put them in a cloth of blue, and cover them with a covering of badgers' skins, and shall put them on a bar. ^^ And they shall take away the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth thereon ; ^* and they shall put upon it all the vessels thereof, where- with they minister about it, even the censers, the fleshhooks, and the • Or, bowls. shovels, and the *basons, all the vessels of the altar ; and they shall spread upon it a covering of badgers' skins, and put to the staves of it. ^^ And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the sanctuary, and all the vessels of the sanctuary, as the camj) is to ,Nu.7.9.&io. set forward ; after that, 'the sons of Kohath shall come to bear it, 'but Isu'^e.ii'fch. they shall not touch any holy thing, lest they die. "These things are ^t^'it , the burden of the sons of Kohath in the tabernacle of the congre- t 2 Pa. 6. 0, 7. 1 ch. 13. 9, 10. gation, « Nu. 3. 31. 16 u And to the office of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest pertain- r Ex. 25. 6. Le. eth "the oil for the light, and the "sweet incense, and ^the daily meat Jex%o.34. offering, and ''the anointing oil, and the oversight of all the tabernacle, I Ex. 29. 40. and of all that therein is, in the sanctuary, and in the vessels thereof." y Ex. 30. 23. 17 ,Ynd the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, '^ " Cut ye not off the tribe of the families of the Kohathites from among the Levites ; ^^ but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things. Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his bur- ; Ex. 25. 37, 38. Part VIIL] NUMBERING AND APPOINTMENT OF THE LEVITES. 227 I See Ex 1 Sa. 6. t Heb. to war the icarfare. J Or, carriage. t Heb. warfare, b Ne. 3. 36, 37. c Ex. 26. 15. den ; ^^ but 'they shall not go in to see when the holy things are covered, lest they die." ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Take also the sum of the sons of Gershon, throughout the houses of their fathers, by their families ; ^^ from thirty years old and upward until fifty years old shalt thou number them ; all that enter in tto perform the service, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation. ^'^ This is the service of the families of the Gershonites, to serve, and for tburdens ; ^^ and "they shall bear the curtains of the tabernacle, and the tabernacle of the congregation, his covering, and the covering of the badgers' skins that is above upon it, and the hanging for the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, ^^ and the hangings of the court, and the hanging for tire door of the gate of the court, which is by the tabernacle and by the altar round about, and their cords, and all the instruments of their service, and all that is made for them : so shall they serve. ^'^ At the *appointment of Aaron and his sons shall be all the service of the sons of the Gershonites, in all their burdens, and in all their service ; and ye shall appoint unto them in charge all their burdens. ^^ This is the service of the families of the sons of Gershon in the tabernacle of the congregation ; and their charge shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest. ^^ " As for the sons of Merari, thou shalt number them after their fam- ilies, by the house of their fathers ; ^'^ from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old shalt thou number them, every one that en- tereth into the t service, to do the work of the tabernacle of the con- gregation. ^^ And Hhis is the charge of their burden, according to all their service in the tabernacle of the congregation ; "the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars thereof, and the pillars thereof, and sockets thereof, ^^ and the pillars of the court round about, and their sockets, and their pins, and their cords, with all their instruments, and with all their service : and by name ye shall ''reckon the instruments of the charge of their burden. ^^This is the service of the families of the sons of Merari, according to all their service, in the tabernacle of the congregation, under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest." ^* And Moses and Aaron and the chief of the congregation numbered the sons of the Kohathites after their families, and after the house of their fathers, ^^ from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth into the service, for the work in the taber- nacle of the congregation. ^^ And those that were numbered of them by their families were two thousand seven hundred and fifty. ^^ These were they that were numbered of the families of the Kohathites, all that might do service in the tabernacle of the congregation, which Moses and Aaron did number according to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses. ^^ And those that were numbered of the sons of Gershon, throughout their families, and by the house of their fathers, ^^ from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth into the service, for the work in the tabernacle of the congregation, ^^ even those that were numbered of them, throughout their families, by the house of their fathers, were two thousand and six hundred and thirty. ''^ These are they that were numbered of the families of the sons of Gershon, of all that might do service in the tabernacle of the congregation, whom Moses and Aaron did number according to the commandment of the Lord. '*^ And those that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, throughout their families, by the house of their fathers, '^'^ from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that entereth 228 VARIOUS LEGAL CEREMONIES. [Period IIL into the service, for the work in the tabernacle of the congregation, ■*■* even those that were numbered of them after their famihes, were three thousand and two hundred. '^^ These be those that were numbered of the families of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord by the hand of Moses. '^^ All those that were numbered of the Levites, whom Moses and Aaron and the chief of Israel numbered, after their families, and after the house of their fathers, ^' from thirty years old and upward even unto fifty years old, every one that came to do the service of the ministry, and the service of the burden in the tabernacle of the congregation, ^^ even those that were numbered of them, were eight thousand and five hundred and fourscore. "^^ According to the commandment of the Lord they were numbered by the hand of Moses, every one according to his service, and according to his burden ; thus were they numbered of him, as the Lord commanded Moses. Section XLV. Various legal Ceremonies. Num. v. and vi. The unclean are removed out of the camp. 5 Restitution is to be made in trespasses. 11 77ie trial of jealousy. — Chap. vi. Tlie law of the Nazarites. 22 The form of blessing the people. A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Sinai. ^ ^ND tho LoRD spakc unto Moses, saying, ^ " Command the children — of Israel, that they put out of the camp every "leper, and every one that a ^e. 13. 3, 46. & hath an ''issue, and whosoever is defiled by the "dead. ^ Both male and 6Le. 15. 2. female shall ye put out, without the cainp shall ye put them; that they c Le. 21. 1. Nu. defile not their camps, ''in the midst whereof I dwell." ^ And the chil- 13. & 31. 19.' ' dren of Israel did so, and put them out without the camp : as the Lord '*2^co.^6. ik ^^" spake unto Moses, so did the children of Israel. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto the chil- eLe. 6. 2,3. ^xen of Israel, "When a man or woman shall commit any sin that men commit, to do a trespass against the Lord, and that person be guilty, ^ Ao.' tl'-^^^' ^ ^^6" ^they shall confess their sin which they have done ; and he shall g Le. 6. 5. recompense his trespass ^with the principal thereof, and add unto it the fifth part thereof, and give it unto him against whom he hath trespassed. ^ But if the man have no kinsman to recompense the trespass unto, let the trespass be recompensed unto the Lord, even to the priest ; besides *7. ?'. ■^'^•'^ ''the ram of the atonement, whereby an atonement shall be made for * Or, heave-offer- him. ^ And cvcry *offering of all the holy things of the children of Israel, Lf.e.^'n/is,' which they bring unto the priest, shall be his. ^^ And every man's H'.Nuils.'^b.^g' hallowed things shall be his; whatsoever any man giveth the priest, 19." I)e.'l8.' 3,' 4.' it sholl Kp iU\^ " Ez. 44.29,30. '^ *"^'^ "^ '"^• iLe. 10. 13. ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto the chil- dren of Israel, and say unto them, If any man's wife go aside, and ;Le. 18.20. couimit a trcspass against him, ^^and a man 'lie with her carnally, and it be hid from the eyes of her husband, and be kept close, and she be defiled, and there be no witness against her, neither she be taken with the manner ; ^'*and the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be defiled : or if the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be not defiled : ^^ then shall the man bring his wife unto the priest, and he shall bring her offer- ing for her, the tenth part of an cphahof barley meal ; he shall pour no oil upon it, nor put frankincense thereon ; for it is an offering of jealousy, *i Ki. 17. 18. Ez. an offering of memorial, ''bringing iniciuity to remembrance. ^'^ And the priest shall bring her near, and set her before the Lord. ^"^ And the priest shall take holy water in an earthen vessel ; and of the dust that is in the floor of the tabernacle the priest shall take, and put it into the water. '^ And the priest shall set the woman before the Lord, and uncover the woman's head, and put the offering of memorial in her hands, which is the jealousy offering ; and the priest shall have in his hand the bitter water Part VIII.] VARIOUS LEGAL CEREMONIES. 229 that causeth the curse, ^^ And the priest shall charge her by an oath, and say unto the woman, If no man have lain with thee, and if thou tor, being in the j^g^g^ not gonc asidc to uncleanness twith another instead of thy hus- IZlRoJ/i"' band, be thou free from this bitter water that causeth the curse ; ^'^but "uw.*'^ **^ if thou hast gone aside to another instead of thy husband, and if thou be defiled, and some man have lain with thee besides thy husband, ^ii^tmAo."' ^^ (tJ^en the priest shall 'charge the woman with an oath of cursing, and 29- ~ the priest shall say unto the woman,) "'the Lord make thee a curse TO je. 29. 22. ^^^ ^j^ Qg^^l-j among thy people, when the Lord doth make thy thigh t Heb./aM. to trot, and thy belly to swell ; ^-and this water that causeth the curse n Ps. 109. 18. "shall go into thy bowels, to make thy belly to swell, and thy thigh to Be. 27. 15. rot. "And the woman shall say, Amen ! Amen ! ^^ And the priest shall write these curses in a book, and he shall blot them out with the bitter water. ^^ And he shall cause the woman to drink the bitter water that causeth the curse ; (and the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her, and become bitter.) ~^ Then the priest shall take the jealousy p he. 8. 27. offering out of the woman's hand, and shall ^wave the offering before 5 Le. 2. 2, 9. ^j^g LoRD, and offcr it upon the altar. ^6 And 'the priest shall take a handful of the offering, even the memorial thereof, and burn it upon the altar, and afterward shall cause the woman to drink the water. 2^ And when he hath made her to drink the water, then it shall come to pass, that, if she be defiled, and have done trespass against her husband, that the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her, and become bitter, and her belly shall swell, and her thigh shall rot ; and the woman '^83.%^iL Je!'24. ^^^^^1 ^^ ^ c"^^^ among her people. ^8 And if the woman be not defiled, fci'^is^ze^s ^^^ ^® clean; then she shall be free, and shall conceive seed. ^SThis 13. " " '^" ' is the law of jealousies, when a wife goeth aside to another instead of her husband, and is defiled ; ^^ or when the spirit of jealousy cometh upon him, and he be jealous over his wife, and shall set the woman before the Lord, and the priest shall execute upon her all this law. she. 20. 17, 19, 31 Then shall the man be guiltless from iniquity, and this woman 'shall bear her iniquity." ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto Num. vi. the children of Israel, and say unto them. When either man *s?ives"MiUrS^' ^^ woman shall *separate themselves to vow a vow of a Nazarite, to Le! 27. 2.'ju.'^" separate themselves unto the Lord ; ^ he 'shall separate himself from 23] Ro. 1.' 1. ■ wine and strong drink, and shall drink no vinegar of wine, or vinegar tAm^^.i^.hM. of Strong drink, neither shall he drink any liquor of grapes, nor 6at ^or,Jv-azariteship. moist grapcs, or dried. ^ All the days of his tseparation shall he eat X Heb. vine of nothing that is made of the tvine tree, from the kernels even to the ujV'u.),. & 16. husk. ^ All the days of the vow of his separation there shall no "razor 17.1 sa.i. 11. (,o,-,^g ypo,-j jjjg j^gj^jj . ^jjjtj} tj^g ^jj^yg ]-,g fulfilled, in the which he sep- arateth himself unto the Lord, he shall be holy, and shall let the locks of the hair of his head grow. ^ All the days that he separateth him- "ig^if ie"' ^"' ^^^^ ^^"^^ ^^^^ Lord °he shall come at no dead body. ' He "shall not w he. 21, 2, 11. make himself unclean for his father, or for his mother, for his brother, Nu. 9. 6. Qj. |-Qj. ijjg sister, when they die ; because the *consecration of his God is * Heb. separation. ,., o..i /»■. • i-ii aaI. upon his head. ^AU the days of his separation he is holy unto the Lord. ^ And if any man die very suddenly by him, and he hath de- \^%4^' ^^' ^ ^^^'^^ the head of his consecration ; then he shall ""shave his head in the y he. 5. 7. & 14. day of his cleansing, on the seventh day shall he shave it. ^^ And ^on the eighth day he shall bring two turtles, or two young pigeons, to the priest, to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation ; ^^ and the priest shall offer the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering, and make an atonement for him, for that he sinned by the dead, and shall hallow his head that same day. ^- And he shall conse- crate unto the Lord the days of his separation, and shall bring a lamb VOL. I. T 2. & 15. 14, 29. 230 DEDICATION OF THE TABERNACLE AND ALTAR. [Period IIL z Le. 5. 6. t Heh-faO. a Ac. 21. 26. 6 Le. 4. 2, 27, 32. c Lc. 3. G. U Le. 2. 4. e Ex. JO. 2. /.\u. 15.5,7, 10. g .\c. 21. 24. A 1 Sa. 2 15. t Ex. 29. 23, 24. j Ex. 29. 27, 28. k Le. 9. -22. 1 Ch. 23. 13. I Ps. 121. 7. John m Pa. 31. 16. & 67. 1. & 80. 3. 7, 19. & 1J9. 135. Da. 9. 17. 71 Ge. 43. 29. o Ps. 4. 6. 5118.28. 10.2 Ch. 7. 14. Is. 43. 7. Da. 9. lb, 19. r Vs. 115. 12. of the first year 'for a trespass offering ; but the daj's that were before shall +be lost, because his separation was defiled. ^^ " And this is the law of the Nazarite, "when the days of his separa- tion are fulfilled. He shall be brought unto the door of the taberna- cle of the congregation ; ^^and he shall ofier his offering unto the Lord, one he lamb of the first year without blemish for a burnt offering, and one ewe lamb of the first year without blemish ''for a sin offering, and one ram without blemish Tor peace offerings, ^^ and a basket of un- leavened bread, "cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, and wafers of unleavened bread ^anointed with oil, and their meat offering, and their ^drink offerings. ^^ And the priest shall bring them before the Lord, and shall offer his sin ofTering, and his burnt oflTering. ^' And he shall oflTer the ram for a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the Lord, with the basket of unleavened bread ; the priest shall offer also his meat offering, and his drink oflTering. ^^ And 'the Nazarite shall shave the iiead of his separation at the door of the tabernacle of the congrega- tion, and shall take the hair of the head of his separation, and put it in the fire which is under the sacrifice of the peace offerings. ^^ And the priest shall take the ''sodden shoulder of the ram, and one unleav- ened cake out of the basket, and one unleavened wafer, and 'shall put them upon the hands of the Nazarite, after the hair of his separation is shaven. -" And the priest shall wave them for a wave offering before the Lord ; -"this is holy for the priest, with the wave breast and heave shoulder, and after that the Nazarite may drink wine. -^ This is the law of the Nazarite who hath vowed, and of his oflTering unto the Lord for his separation, besides that that his hand shall get ; according to the vow which he vowed, so he must do after the law of his separation." ^■- And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^" Speak unto Aaron and unto his sons, saying, On this wise *ye shall bless the children of Israel, saying unto them, — 2^ The Lord bless thee and 'keep thee ! 2^ The liORD "make his face shine upon thee, And "be gracious unto thee ! ^^ The "Lord lift up his countenance upon thee, And ''give thee peace ! -^ And 'they shall put my Name upon the children of Israel ; '"and I will bless them." .\. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. a Ex. 40. 18. Le. 8. 10, 11. ANu. 1. 4, &c. * Hcb. kIm stood. cNu. dNu. e Nu. 4. 28, 33. Section XLVI. — The Dedication of the Tahcniacle and the Altar; — T/ie Offerings. Ndm. vii. ' And it came to pass on the day that Moses had fully "set up the tabernacle, and had anointed it, and sanctified it, and all the instru- ments thereof, both the altar and all the vessels thereof, and had anointed them, and sanctified them ; -that 'the princes of Israel, heads of the house of their fathers, who were the princes of the tribes, *and were over them that were numbered, oflTered. ^ And they brought their of- fering before the Lord, six covered wagons, and twelve o.xen, (a wagon for two of the princes, and for each one an ox ;) and they brought them before the tabernacle. '* And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Take it of them, that they may be to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation ; and thou shalt give them unto the Levites, to every man according to his service." *'And Moses took the wagons and the oxen, and gave them unto the Levites. " Two wagons and four oxen 'he gave unto the sons of Gershon, according to their service. ^ And "four wagons and eight oxen he gave unto the sons of Merari, according unto their service, 'under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the Part VIIL] DEDICATION OF THE TABERNACLE AND ALTAR. 231 /Nu. 4. 15. priest, ^ But unto the sons of Kohatli he gave none ; because ^the ser- g^Nu. 4.6, 8, 10, vice of the sanctuary belonging unto them ^was that they should bear la! ■ ~ *■ ■ upon their shoulders. Yk- 8*'63"'>cii ^^ ^^^ *'^^ princes oflTered for ''dedicating of the altar in the day that 7.5,9. Ezr^e. it was anointed, even the princes offered their offering before the altar. Ps'. sot'titTer ' 1^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " They shall ofl'er their offering, each prince on his day, for the dedicating of the altar." » Nu. 2. 3. 12 A,-,fj ji^e that offered his offering the first day was 'Nahshon the son of Animinadab, of the tribe of Judah. '^ And his offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one sil- jEx. 30. 13. ver bowl of seventy shekels, after -'the shekel of the sanctuary ; both ALe. 2. 1. of them were full of fine flour mingled with oil for a ^'meat offering; i Ex. 30.34. 14 Qj^g spoon of tcu shckcls of gold, full of 'incense ; ^^ one "'young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; ^^ one "l^ s r ^^^ ^^ ^'^® goats for a "sin offering ; ^~ and for "a sacrifice of peace of- ferings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Nahshon the son of Amminadab. ^^ On the second day Nethaneel the son of Zuar, prince of Issachar, did offer. ^^ He offered for his offering one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ~° one spoon of gold of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; ^~ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; ^■^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Nethaneel the son of Zuar. ^^ On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun, did offer. -^ His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat oftering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; -''' one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; '^^ one kid of the goats for a sin ofTering ; ^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the oftering of Eliab the son of Helon. ^^ On the fourth day Elizur the son of Shedeur, prince of the children of Reuben, did offer. ^^ His offering was one silver charger of the weight of an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt oftering ; ^^ one kid of the goats for a sin oftering ; ^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Elizur the son of Shedeur. ^^On the fifth day Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai, prince of the children of Simeon, did ofter. ^^ His oftering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; ^° one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; ^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the oflTering of She- lumiel the son of Zurishaddai. ^^ On the sixth day Eliasaph the son of Deuel, prince of the children 232 DEDICATION OF THE TABERNACLE AND ALTAR. [Period III. of Gad, offered. ^^ His offering was one silver charger of the weight of an hundred and thirty shekels, a silver bowl of seventy shekels, after tlie shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine Hour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ''^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of in- cense ; '^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; '^^ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; '^" and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Eliasaph the son of Deuel. '"^ On the seventh day Elishama the son of Ammihud, prince of the children of Ephraim, offered. ^'•* His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; •'- one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; ^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of P^li- shama the son of Ammihud. ^"^ On the eighth day offered Gamahel the son of Pedahzur, prince of the children of Manasseh. ^^ His offering was one silver charger of the weight of an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine ffour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; ^^ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; ^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. •"* On the ninth day Abidan the son of Gideoni, prince of the chil- dren of Benjamin, offered. ^^ His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^'"- one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense; "^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; "^^ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; '^^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, tw'o oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Abidan the son of Gideoni. '"^ On the tenth day Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai, prince of the children of Dan, offered. '^^ His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering; *''' one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; "'■' one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a bmiit offering ; ''^ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; "^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lamljs of the first year ; this was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai. "~ On the eleventh day Pagiel the son of Ocran, prince of the children of Asher, offered. ''^ His offering w^as one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; "■* one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ''^one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; '^^ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; '^'^and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Pa- giel the son of Ocran. Part VIII.] CONSECRATION OP THE LEVITES. 233 f Nu. 12. 8. Ex. 33.9, 11. t That is, Qod. q Ex. 25. 22. '^^ On the twelfth day Ahira the son of Enan, prince of the children of Naphtali, oftered. '^'•^ His offering was one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary ; both of them full of fine flour mingled with oil for a meat offering ; ^^ one golden spoon of ten shekels, full of incense ; ^^ one young bullock, one ram, one lamb of the first year, for a burnt offering ; ^~ one kid of the goats for a sin offering ; ^'-^ and for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year ; this was the offering of Ahira the son of Enan. ^"^ This was the Dedication of the Altar, in the day when it was anointed, by the princes of Israel : twelve chargers of silver, twelve silver bowls, twelve spoons of gold ; ^^ each charger of silver weigh- ing an hundred and thirty shekels, each bowl seventy ; all the silver vessels weighed two thousand and four hundred shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary. ^^ The golden spoons were twelve, full of incense, weighing ten shekels apiece, after the shekel of the sanctuary : all the gold of the spoons was an hundred and twenty shekels. ^'' All the oxen for the burnt offering were twelve bullocks, the rams twelve, the lambs of the first year twelve, with their meat offering ; and the kids of the goats for sin offering twelve. ^^ And all the oxen for the sacrifice of the peace offerings were twenty and four bullocks, the rams sixty, the he goats sixty, the lambs of the first year sixty. This was the Dedication of the Altar, after that it was anointed. ^^ And when Moses was gone into the tabernacle of the congrega- tion ''to speak with tHim, then he heard 'the voice of One speaking unto him from oft" the mercy seat that was upon the ark of testimony, from between the two cherubim ; and He spake unto him. SECT. XLVii. Sect. XLVII. Order of the Lamps; — Consecration of the Levites — their Age and Time of Service. Num. viii. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto Aaron, and say unto him. When thou "lightest the lamps, the seven lamps shall give light over against the candlestick." ^ And Aaron did so ; he lighted the lamps thereof over against the candlestick, as the Lord commanded Moses. "* And Hhis work of the candlestick was of beaten gold, unto the shaft thereof, unto the flowers thereof, was "beaten work : ''according unto the pattern which the Lord had showed Moses, so he made the candlestick. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Take the Levites from among the children of Israel, and cleanse them. '' And thus shall thou do unto them, to cleanse them : — Sprinkle Svater of purifying upon them, and *let them shave all their flesh, and let them wash their clothes, and so make tliemselves clean. ® Then let them take a young bullock with %is meat offering, even fine flour mingled with oil, and another young bullock shalt thou take for a sin offering. ^ And °'thou shalt bring the Le- vites before the tabernacle of the congregation ; ''and thou shalt gather the whole assembly of the children of Israel together ; ^^ and thou shalt bring the Levites before the Lord ; and the children of Israel 'shall put their hands upon the Levites. ^^ And Aaron shall tofter the Levites be- fore the Lord for an toffering of the children of Israel, *that they Heb. they may may cxecutc the service of the Lord. ^^ And ■'the Levites shall lay Ex'a'J^To'*'^^ their hands upon the heads of the bullocks ; and thou shalt offer the one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering, unto the Lord, to make an atonement for the Levites. ^^ " And thou shalt set the Levites before Aaron, and before his sons, and offer them for an offering unto the Lord. ^^ Thus shalt thou sep- voL. I. .30 ^ A. M. 251-!. B.C. 1490. Hales, 1647. Sinai. b E.X. 25. 31. c Ex. ?5. 18. e Aa. 19. 9, 17, It * H-'.h. Ut them ca4se a razor to pas over, «-c. h<- 14. 8, 9. /L...2. 1. ^S-'eEx.29.4. & -to. 12. h h-,. 8. 3. t Le. 1. 4. t Heb. v:av t Heb. wav feriiig. Sep- 234 USE OF THE SILVER TRUMPETS. [Period IIL arate the Levites from among the children of Israel ; and the Levites iocu. 3. 45. & 16. shall be *mine. ^^ And after that shall the Levites go in to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation ; and thou shalt cleanse them, and ofler them for an offering. ^'^ For they are wholly given unto I su. 3. 1-2, 45. me from among the children of Israel ; 'instead of such as open every womb, even instead of the firstborn of all the children of Israel have 7n Ex. 13.2. I taken them unto me. ^" For "'all the firstborn of the children of Israel are mine, both man and beast ; on the day that I smote every firstborn in the land of Egypt I sanctified them for myself. ^^ And I have taken the Levites for all the firstborn of the children of Israel. nNu. 3.9. 19 And "I have given the Levites as la gift to Aaron and to his sons e .ffivetu fyQiyy among the children of Israel, to do the service of the children of Israel in the tabernacle of the congregation, and to make an atonement " Nu.^i. K). & 16. for the children of Israel ; "that there be no plague among the children 2 ch. 26.16. of Israel, when the children of Israel come nigh unto the sanctuarv." ■^° And Moses, and Aaron, and all the congregation of the children of Israel, did to the Levites according unto all that the Lord com- manded Moses concerning the Levites, so did the children of Israel unto them. -^ And the Levites were purified, and they washed their clothes ; and Aaron offered them as an ottering before the Lord ; and Aaron made an atonement for them to cleanse them. ^"^And after that went the Levites in to do their service in the tabernacle of the congregation before Aaron, and before his sons ; as the Lord had commanded Moses concerning the Levites, so did they unto them. -^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, -^ " This is it that ?jSeei^.4.3^ beloiigetli unto the Levites : ''from tw^enty and five years old and up- 27. ' ' ' ' ward they shall go in tto wait upon the service of the tabernacle of ^Sar'^ojA-c!^" the congregation. ^^ And from the age of fifty years they shall *cease 1 Tim. 1. J8. waiting upon the service thereof, and shall serve no more ; -'' but shall thewarMeufthe miuistcr with their brethren in the tabernacle of the congregation, 'to *x T -3 keep the charge, and shall do no service. Thus shalt thou do unto ^" "' the Levites, touching their charge." SECT.jiLvni. Section XLYllL—T/ic 3Iakhrg and Use of the Silver rnimpits. A.M. 2514. i^'l^'- >^- 1-^0. B. c. 1490. 1 ^jyp tj^g Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ '• Make thee two trum- *'sinai. pets of silver, (of a whole piece shalt thou make them ;) that thou — mayest use them for the "calling of the assembly, and for the journeying a Is. 1. 13. of ti^e camps. ^ And when Hhey shall blow with them, all the assembly 2. Ts. ' ''' " shall assemble themselves to thee at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. '^ And if they blow but with one trumpet, then the cEx. 18. 21. Nu. princes, which are "^heads of the thousands of Israel, shall gather them- dNu.2. 3. selves unto thee. ^ When ye blow an alarm, then ''the camps that lie on the east parts shall go forward. ^ When ye blow an alarm the second eXu. 2. 10. time, then the camps that lie 'on the south side shall take their journey ; they shall blow an alarm for their journeys. ^ But when the congrega- /joei2. 1. ^JQj^ jg jq i^g gathered together, ye shall blow, but ye shall not -'sound ^6. 4.' I Ch. is!' an alarm. ** And ^the sons of Aaron, the priests, shall blow with the h^l^^.&^ios. trumpets ; and they shall be to you for an ordinance for ever through- 6 5. 2cii.i3.i4. out your generations. ^ And ''if ye go to war in your land against the '&"6.\' &*^io.'8; enemy that "oppresseth you, then ye shall blow an alarm with the li' pf.^o".'42. trumpets ; and yc shall be ^remembered before the Lord your God, and jGen.8. 1. Pa. yc shall be savcd from your enemies. ^^ Also *in the day of your glad- jfc Nu s9 1 Le "ess, and in your solemn days, and in the beginnings of your months, 23. 24. i ch. 1.5. ye shall blow with the trumpets over your burnt oflferings, and over the &'7.6.&29.26! sacrifices of your peace offerings ; that they may be to you for a f2"35^'ps.'8i?3! memorial before your God : I am the Lord your God." Sinai. P^RT VIII.] INSTITUTION OF THE SANHEDRIM. 235 SECT. XLtX. A. M. 2514. Section XLIX. Arrival of Jethro, toith Moses' Wife and Sons • Insti- ^- c- 1490. tution of the SanhedrinS''^ Hales, 1647. ' ExoD. xviii. 1-26. ^ When "Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of a See Ex. 2. 16, all that 'God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, and that A Ps. 44. 1 & 77 ^'^^ ^o^^ ^^^^ brought Israel out of Egypt ; ~ then Jethro, Moses' i^iilf «■& fiither-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses' wife, ^after he had sent her back, 100. 2, 8. ^ and her "two sons ; of which the name of the one was *Gershom ; for d Ac'. 7. 29. ^® ^^'*^' " ^ '^^^'^ •^e^" an alien in a strange land ;" " and the name of the * That is, a other was tEliezer ; " For the God of my father," said he, " was my help Ex"-f 22'.'"'''- and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh." ^ And Jethro, Moses' ^JaAri''"'^^"'' ^^^'^^''^""'^^' ^^"^® ^^^^'^^^^ ^^"^ and his wife unto Moses into the olx. a.^'i, 12. wilderness, where he encamped at 'the mount of God. ^And he said ^t-..'&Y9 1 ""^*^ Moses, " I, thy father-in-law Jethro, am come unto thee, and thy rkr."2. 19.' ■ wife, and her two sons with her." e Ge. 29. 13. &. "33. APs ■^ And Moses Avent out to meet his father-in-law, and did obeisance, "'oiTsa ^^' ^"^ 'J^issed him ; and they asked each other of their twelfare, and they u.i/ ^- came into the tent. ^And Moses told his father-in-law all that the tfet.Ge"L ^^^^ ^^^^ *^'^"^ ""to Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, 34. Nu. 20. 14. and all the travail that had *come upon them by the way, and how the slV! &fo5^o. Lo^» "delivered them. " And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which iteeGe\4 20 ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^"^ ^^ ^^^^®^' ^'^^'^ ^^^ ^^d delivered out of the hand j2Ch.2.'5. Ps.' ^^ t'^^ Egyptians. i« And Jethro said, " Blessed 'be the Lord, who hath 95.^3_ & 97. 9. delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand k Ex. 1. 10, 16, of Pharaoh, who hath delivered the people from under the hand of the ?4:8^il.^' '■ ^ Egyptians. ^ Now I know that the Lord is ^greater than all gods ; *for ^ " " in the thing wherein they dealt 'proudly He was above them ! " ^^ And Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God ; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with ''n ,o , , n., Moses' father-in-law '"before God. m De. 12. 7. 1 Ch. 1 3 A J • 29. 22.1 Co. 10. And It came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the n he: 24. 12. peoplc ; and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the "if 's'osl- "^s- ^^^'""g- "^'^nd when Moses' father-in-law saw all that he did to the 3.^Ac.~i8 is. ■ people, he said, " What is this thing that thou doest to the people ? t Heb! ,;„^„ and ^^^ ^^"^^t thou thysclf alonc, and all the people stand by thee from te"^tr;5 Nu ™°™",|g ""to even ? " i^ And Moses said unto his father-in-law, " Be- ^i5?'35.' ■ "■ cause "the people come unto me to inquire of God ; ^^ when they have ^AotJA """ ^f^^^^ they come unto me, and I judge between tone and another, - and I do ^make them know the statutes of God, and his laws." ^^ And Moses' father-in-law said unto him, " The thing that thou doest is not 19 De 5 5 ^"^ ^°°^* ^^ ^"^'^^^ ^^^^ ^"""^^y ^®^*' ^^^'^y^ '^^th thou, and this people that t Nu. 27. 5. ■ ^s '^'ith thee ; for this thing is too heavy for thee, 'thou art not able to "s^r'&e'i-^ perform it thyself alone. ^^ Hearken now unto my voice, I will give &?■. II.' '~' thee counsel, and "God shall be with thee. Be thou Tor the people to l^De^h]!: CJod ward, that thou maycst 'bring the causes unto God; '^"and thou iDe.'i.'i5,'iG. shalt "teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt show them "the way S.x^'"' wherein they must walk, and "the work that they must do. 21 Moreover 2,Ge.42.i8. thou shalt providc out of all the people "able men, such as Tear God, lllm.%. "'"J^" °^ t'""th» "hating covetousness ; and place such over them, to be i)Le.24^u. Nu. rulcrs of thousauds, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. 23 And let them judge the people at all seasons ; 'and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge : so shall it be easier for thyself, 'and they shall 1 1 Sa. 2. 3. Ne. 9. 10, 16, 29. Job 40. 11, 12. Ps.31.23. & 119.21. Lu. 1 gNu. 11. 14, 17. De. 1. 9, 12. r Ex. 3. 12. 5 Ex. 4. 16. S 15. 33. &36. 1. De. 1 17. & 17. 8. cNu. 11. e) Both Horsley and Lightfoot concur in placing vol. i. p. 98; Lightfoot, vol. i. p. 33; see also Si- he account of the arnval of Jethro in this part of mon's Critical History of the Old Testament, vol i. the narrative. Vide Horsley 's Biblical Criticisms, book i. chap. v. 236 TWELFTH JOURNEY— DEPARTURE FROM SINAI. [Period III. bear the burden with thee. ^^ If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shah be able to endure, and all this dGe. 18.33. Ex. peoplc shall also go to ''their place in peace." 39! ■ '■ ■ -* So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all *6°5 ^' '^" ^'^' ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^* ^^ "^"^ 'Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. ^^ And they judged the people at all seasons ; the -^hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves. /JubOO. 14. b See Ex. 13. 21. SECT. L. Section L. Manner in which the Cloud guided the People; — llie A M 2514 Twelfth Journey — From Sinai to Kibroth-hattaavah ; — Order of the B. c. 1490. March ; — Moses' Blessing. t.ALEs, 1647. Num. ix. \'y,to the end, x. 11-23, 33, to the end, and xx.xiii. 16. ' "'hatta:iv'ah°* ' ^^ And "oh thc day that the tabernacle was reared up the Num. ix. 15, — cloud covered the tabernacle (namely, the tent of the testi- "s.'^ia.lg.'^Ps.re! mony) ; and *at even there was upon the tabernacle, as it were, the ap- pearance of fire, until the morning. ^^ So it was always ; the cloud covered it by day, and the appearance of fire by night. ^^ And when « Ex. 40. 36. Nu. the cloud Svas taken up from the tabernacle, then after that the children Ps'. 8o'. 1. ' ' of Israel journeyed ; and in the place where the cloud abode, there the children of Israel pitched their tents. ^^ At the commandment of the Lord the children of Israel journeyed, and at the commandment of the d 1 Co. 10. 1. Lord they pitched ; ''as long as the cloud abode upon the tabernacle * Heh. prolonged, they rcstcd in their tents. ^^ And when the cloud *tarried long upon '3^8." ^'^■*' the tabernacle many days, then the children of Israel 'kept the charge of the Lord, and journeyed not. ^° And so it was, when the cloud was a few days upon the tabernacle ; according to the commandment of the Lord they abode in their tents, and according to the com- mandment of the Lord they journeyed, ^i And so it was, when the t Heb. was. cloud tabodc from even unto the morning, and that the cloud was taken up in the morning, then they journeyed ; whether it was by day or by night that the cloud was taken up, they journeyed. - Or whether it were two days, or a month, or a year, that the cloud tarried upon the tabernacle, remaining thereon, the children of Israel /Ex. 40. 36,37. -^abodc iu their tents, and journeyed not; but when it was taken up, they journeyed. ~^ At the commandment of the Lord they rested in their tents, and at the commandment of the Lord they journeyed ; they kept the charge of the Lord, at the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses. 11 And it came to pass on the twentieth day of the second Num. x. 11- month, in the second year, that the cloud 'was taken up from ' ' off the tabernacle of the testimony. ^'^ And the children of Israel took '^their journeys out of the 'wilderness of Sinai ; and the cloud rested in the ^vilderness of Paran. ^^ And they first took their journey *accord- ing to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses. 1^ In 'the first place went the standard of the camp of the children of Judah according to their armies ; and over his host was "Nahshon the son of Amminadab. ^^ And over the host of the tribe of the children of Issachar was Nethaneel the son of Zuar. ^^ And over the host of the tribe of the children of Zebulun was Eliab the son of Hclon. ^" And n -Nu. 1. 51. "the tabernacle was taken down ; and the sons of Gershon and the sons »NuM.24,3i.& of Merari set forward, "bearing the tabernacle, , Nu. 2. 10, 16. ^^ And ''the standard of the camp of Reuben set forward according to their armies ; and over his host was Elizur the son of Shedeur. ^'^ And over the host of the tribe of the children of Simeon was Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai, 20 And over the host of the tribe of the children g'Nu .9. 17. A Ex, 2,9, iEx. 1.1, , 40. 36. Nu. , 16, 24, 31. 19. 1. iVu. , & 9. 5. 'IS- 26. 1 21. 16. De. 21. Nu. & 13. 3, 1. 1. itNu .2. 34. INu. 2. 3,9. m Nu. 1, ,7. Part VIIL] q Nu. 4. 4, 15. I Tliatis,fAcGer- shoiiites and the Merariles ; see ver. 17. Nu. 1. 51. r Nu. 2. 18, 24. s Nu. 2. 25, 31. Jos. 6. 9. * Ileb. These. Nu. 2. 34. f See Ex. 3. 1. jiDe. 1.33. Jos. 3. 3, 4, ti. Ps. 132.8. Je. 31. 2. Ez. 20. ti. V See Ex. 13. 21. w Ps. C8. 1,2. & 132. 8. I Heb. ten thou- sand thoiuiands. SECT. LI. A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Uale9, 1047. Kibroth-hattaa- vah. a See Ex. 2. 18. b Ge. 12. 7. tJu. 1. 16. & 4. 11. d Ge. 32. 12. Ex. 3. 8. & 6. 7, 8. e Job 29. 15. /Ju. 1. 16. SECT. LII. A. M. 2514. B. C. 1490. Hales, 1647. Kibroth-hattaa- vali. * Or, were a.-5'<;- the t Ethiopian woman whom he had married, (for he had t ot cxishiu. Jniarried an Ethiopian woman) ; ^ and they said, " Hath the Lord indeed J Heb. toften. Ex. , , n j^ .^ m i / i 11 - ,5 a 1 1 t •2. 21. spoken only by Moses ? hath he not spoken also by us .'' And the Lord a^Ex.i5.2o.Mic. ijigaj-fj j^ . 3 ^]\Jq^ tjjg j^g^j^ Moscs was vcry meek, above all the men which iGe. 29. 33. Nu. wcrc upou the face of the earth) ; "^and "the Lord spake suddenly Is.' 37. 4. Ez. 35! unto Moses, and unto Aaron, and unto Miriam, " Come out ye three ^^' ^^' unto the tabernacle of the congregation." And they three came out. ^ And ''the Lord came down in the pillar of the cloud, and stood in the door of the tabernacle, and called Aaron and Miriam ; and they both came forth. ^ And he said, " Hear now my words. If there be a prophet among you, I the Lord will make myself known unto him 'in a vision, ■^f Ki^3 5"' iMat ^"^ ^^ speak unto him ■'in a dream. '' My servant Moses is not so, 1- 'JO- ^who is faithful in all ''my house. ^ With him will I speak 'mouth to iiT 3 "U mouth, even ^apparently, and not in dark speeches; and ''the simili- iE.x.33. u.De. tude of the Lord shall he behold — wherefore then 'were ye not afraid ^^- ^°- to speak against my servant Moses ?" ^ And the anger of the Lord was kindled against them ; and he departed. ^^ And the cloud departed from off" the tabernacle ; and, '"behold, Miriam became "leprous, white as snow! and Aaron looked upon Miriam, and, behold, she was lep- «sle Ex. 4.6. rous ! ^^ And Aaron said unto Moses, " Alas ! my lord, I beseech thee, o2Sa. 19. 19. & "lay not the sin upon us, wherein we have done foolishly, and wherein 24 10 Pr 30 32! ' ' we have sinned. ^^ Let her not be ^as one dead, of whom the flesh is half pPs. 88. 4. consumed when he cometh out of Iiis mother's womb." ^^ And Moses cried unto the Lord, saying, " Heal 'her now, O God, I beseech thee !" ^'' And the Lord said unto Moses, " If '^her father had but spit in her face, should she not be ashamed .seven days? let her be ''shut out from the camp seven days, and after that let her be received in again." ^^ And 'Miriam was shut out from the camp seven days ; and the people journeyed not till Miriam was brought in again. c Ps. 76. dNu. 11.25, iGe. 15. ]. Co. 13. 12. k Ex. 33. 19. Z2Pe. 2. 10. Jude 8. m De. 24. q See Ex. 4. 7. r See Heb. 12. 9 Num. xxxiii. 17. And they departed from Kibroth-hattaavah, and encamped at Ha- zeroth. Ritlunali. Nu. IJ. 35. I. 16. 1. 19. & 9. 23. Nu. 14. 6, 30. 240 FOURTEENTH JOURNEY— SPIES SENT OUT. [Period III. SECT. Liv. Section LIV. — T7ic Fourteenth Journey — From Hazeroth to Rithmah; — — The Sj)ies sent out. B. C. 1489. Num. xii. 16, xiii., xiv., and xxxiii. 18, ujid Psalm xc. Haxes, 1646. ^''^ names of the men who were sent to search the land. 17 Their instnicHons. 21 Tlieir acts. 26 Their relation. — Chap. xiv. 1 The people nnirmur at the news. 6 Joshua and Caleb labor to still them. 11 God threateneth them. 13 Moses persiiadeth God, and oblainelh pardon. 26 The 7mtrmurers are deprived of enteritig into the land. Sfj The men who raised the evil report die by a plague. 40 The people that would invade tlie land agaiml the will of God are smitten. ^^And afterward the people removed from "Hazeroth, and pitched in the wilderness of Paran. *h"^^^'^' ^^' ^ "^"^ t'^^ Lord spake unto Moses, saying, 2" Send Hhou ^'^i*'- xiii. men, that they may search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel ; of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them." ^ And Moses, by the eNu.i2.i6.jDe. Commandment of the Lord, sent them 'from the wilderness of Paran ; all those men were heads of the children of Israel. '^ And these were their names : — of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua the son of Zaccur ; ^ of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the son of Hori ; ^ of ''the tribe of Judah, 'Caleb the son of Jephunneh ; ^ of the tribe of Issachar, Igal the son of Joseph ; *^of the tribe of Ephraim, Osheathe ir/u/iSa. ^^' son of Nun ; '•> of the tribe of Benjamin, Palti the son of Raphu ; 1° of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel the son of Sodi ; ^' of the tribe of Joseph, (namely, of the tribe of Manasseh),Gaddi the son of Susi ; '-of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of Gemalli ; '^ of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the son of Michael ; i"* of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi the son of Vophsi ; '■'' of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the son of Machi : '''these are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called /E'^g'^. 9. Nu. /Qshea, the son of Nun, Jehoshua. '^ And Moses sent them to spy out the land of Canaan, and said unto ^ju^'/y 19' them, " Get you up this way southward, and go up into °'the mountain. ''^ And see the land, what it is ; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be strong or weak, few or many; ''-^and what the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad ; and what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong holds ; ~^and what *E!f'34^jl^' ^^' ^'^^ ^"^"^^ '^' whether it be 'fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, i ne. 31. u, 7, or not. And 'be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land." Now the time was the time of the first ripe grapes. -' So they went up, and searched the land ■'from the wilderness of tJos. 19. 28. Zin unto ^Rehob, as men come to Hamath. ^-And they ascended by Uos. 11. 21, 2-2. the south, and came unto Hebron: where 'Ahiman, Sheshai, and Tal- jnJos.2i. 11. i^^ai, the children of Anak, were. (Now '"Hebron was built seven years "19^11^'^^' '"' 'before "Zoan in Egypt.) -'^ And "they came unto the *brook of Esh- 1)6.1.24,25. col, and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes, *or,vaiiey. Nu. aud they bare it between two upon a stafl'; and they brought of the t Or,i'a;/"y. ' pomegraimtes, and of the figs. ~* The place was called the tbrook tEsh- jThutis, a cius- col, bccause of thc clustcr of grapes which the children of Israel cut terojsrape^. jIq^^,, f^^j^-, thcuce. -'^ And they returned from searching of the land after forty days. -^ And they went and came to Moses, and to Aaron, and to all the congregation of the cliildren of Israel unto the wilderness of Paran, to y Nu.20. 1, 16. ^Kadesh ; and brought back word unto them, and unto all the congre- gation, and showed them the fruit of the land. ~" And they told him, and said, " We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and rDrf'25^' ^' ^"''*^'y 't floweth with 'milk and honey; '^and this is the fruit of it. I De'. i. 28. & ^^Nevertheless 'the people be strong that dwell in the land, and the tEx'n 8 Nu cities are walled, and very great ; and moreover we saw the children i4!''43.ju. 6.3. of Anak there. ~^The 'Amalekites dwell in the land of the south ; and i5.'3, &'c. ' tlie Ilittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the moun- j Nu. 34.3. J03 15. 1. u See Nu. 14. ( 24. V Nu. 32. 9. De. Part VIIL] THE RETURN OF THE SPIES. 241 tains ; and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan " And "Caleb stilled the people before Moses, and said, "Let us '"'S' " ^^'"^ J^"^' through which we have gone ^- "- ■ to search it, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and^all Hej.:ne,.ofstat- thc pcoplc that WO saw in it are *men of a great stature. 33A„d there '^T^9^- "- '""^ '^"^ ^^^ gi^^ts, ''the sons of Anak, which come of the giants • and Is. 40. 23. ^l^f!^^ '" °"^ ^^" ^^S^^t as ^grasshoppers, and so we were "in their ^ And all the congregation ^lifted up their voice, and cried • Num. xW. and the people wept that night. ^ And ''all the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron ; and the whole con- gregation said unto them, - Would God that we had died in the land of ■ i^gypt ! or would God we had died in this wilderness ! ^ And wherefore hath the Lord brought us unto this land, to fall by the sword, that our wives and our children should be a prey ? were it not better for us to re- /Neh. 1. 17. turn into Egypt ? " ^ And they said one to another, '' Let ^us make a cap- 'itlcl\^i t"'' r ^ ''^"' '''^"'" ^"^° ^gyPt-" 'Then ^Moses and Aaron fell on ;.Nu. 16.4,22. tneir laces before all the assembly of the congregation of the children ol Israel. •^And Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephunneh vyhich were of them that searched the land, rent their clothes. ^And tliey spake unto all the company of the children of Israel, sayino- "The '^■^:^t T ir su.\ r^' ""?, Pf f ^. ''^'^^S'^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ it, is an exceeding good land. 10.9. ps.22.8. " the I.0RD delight in us, then he will bring us into this land and ,Na. 13 27. S'^^ 't "' ' '^ '^^"^ which Aowcth with milk and honey. ^Only *rebel ^De. 9. 7, 23, 24. "ot yc agaiust the Lord, 'neither fear ye the people of the land • for ine.^. 18. ^ they are bread for us : their fdefence is departed from them, "and the rHb'w- -^^^^/^ with us: fear them not." i^But "all the congregation bade '^%ttl. f ^ne them with stones. And -the glory of the Lokb appeared in the tabernacle of the congregation before all the children of Israel. a. 17. 42. sight. b Ge. 45. 2. cNu. H. 4. dEx. 16. 2. & 17. 3. e See ver. 2.S. 2 30. 2, 3. Je. 48. 45 45. 11 A .J I T — &--&"^"^" LFV.1WIC an uie cmiuieii oi israei. %?-H''-n''-oo^"- . ^'^''.the Lord said unto Moses, " How long will this people 'pro- ?:3,^4. ?:.T-5. ^.oke me ? and how long will it be ere they ^believe me, for all the lak'pJe^^; signs which I have showed among them ? ^H will smite them with the aJ^h; 'L P^f lence and disinherit them, and will make of thee a greater nation 8. 23. and mightier than they. ; Ex'. Is. to. Le. ., ''^"^ '^^.^'^^ fid ""to the Lord, "Then the Egyptians shall hear 9. ^ Nu. 16. It, (for aou broughtest up this people in thy might from among them,) ,i);.9:7,8,22. , ^"^ t'ley will tell it to the inhabitants of this land ; "for thev have p. 95. 8. He. 3. heard that thou Lord art among this people, that thou Lord art seen ^f-l^'^h^'h *^^^ to face, and that "thy cloud standeth over them, and that thou .0:12737. He.- goest before them by day time in a pillar of a cloud, and in a pillar fB^32. 10. ,f ^'''}'y "'?'^t. i^Now if thou Shalt kill all this people as one man, .Ex.32 12. Ez. hen the nations which have heard the fame of thee will speak, saying u Ex '15 14. Jos. ' I^ecause the Lord was not '"able to bring this people into the land /sel'E;"3%;- '^'"*^'\ ^^, ^^^'-e "'\to them, therefore he hath slain them in the wilder- .De.r28 ji "^''- , ^^"d "ow, I beseech thee, let the power of my Lord be o-reat M EX. 34. 6, IZZf'f ": '^^'^^ '^^? ^P.°l>^"' «'^y"^g' " ' The Lord is longsufT^ring,' 7. Jonah 4. 2. and ot great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and bv no l^ltl- Tu ' '^'^""f the guilty, ^visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the a PS.- 106. 45. f hildren unto the third and fourth generation.' ^^ Pardon, "I beseech thee TJ; Sw. ! ", T'^T^ i ^^''l P^^P'^ "according unto the greatness of thy mercy !j°:'5"ri-jo. ^"fo f i'T ^T ^^'■-^'"" '^''' P^^Pl^' ^•■o'" Egypt even tuntil now."^ '■ '""vol 1 "" ''"''*' " ^ ^^""^ pardoned ^according to thy word : 242 THE ISRAELITES MURMUR. [Period HI. dP9.72. 19. 21 bjjt a.s truly as I live, "all the earth shall be filled with the glory of eDe. ).35. Ps. the Lord. ^-^ Because 'all those men which have seen my glory, and 9o. 11. He. 3. 17, jj^y j^^j-^^-igg ^^jj^^h I did iu Egypt and in the wilderness, have tempted /Gen. 31. 7. me now -^these ten times, and have not hearkened to my voice; • Heb. if u^ see 23 *gurely they shall not see the land which I sware unto their fathers, tlie.laiuL Nu. 32. .,•',,, r ^ i i i -x 94 i ^ i, 11. Ez. 2u. 15. neither shall any of tliem that provoked me see it : ^^ but my servant g-jo3. 14.6-8. '^Caleb, because he had another spirit with him, and 'hath followed me h Nu. 32. 12. ^^jj^^ ^.^^ ^^.jj J j^^j^g j^^^^ ^j^^ 1^^^^ whereinto he went ; and his seed shall possess it. ^•'^ (Now the Amalekites and the Canaanites dwelt in iDe. 1. 40. the valley.) To-morrow turn you, 'and get you into the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea." ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, -"^ " How jEx. 16.28. Mat. .'long shall I bear with this evil congregation, which murmur against k Ex. 16. 12. me ? *I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel, which I Nu. 26. 65. they murmur against me. ~^ Say unto them, 'As truly as I live, saith jifsee ver.\ the LoRD, "as yc havc spoken in mine ears, so will I do to you : ^^ your «Nu. 1.45.&26. carcasses shall fall in this wilderness ; and "all that were numbered of ^' you, according to your whole number, from twenty years old and up- ward, which have murmured against me, ^" doubtless ye shall not come t Heb. lifted up into thc land, concerning wiiich I tsware to make you dwell therein, my w. Ge. „^^^^ ^^j^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ Jcphuuneh, and Joshua the son of Nun. ^^ But ''32'"r2^De'^'36' ^y^^^ I'ttlc oucs, which yc Said should be a prey, them will I bring in^ 38^ ■ ^' ■ ' m^(i they si^all know the land which 'ye have despised. ^ But as for pDe. 1. 39. y^y^ "^yonx carcasses, they shall fall in this wilderness. ^^ And your chil- r rco.°io^5. d'en shall twander in the wilderness 'forty years, and 'bear your whore- He. 3. i?. doms, until your carcasses be wasted in the wilderness. ^"^ After "the ^32°'i3f''pB. io": number of the days in which ye searched the land, even "forty days, '*'*• each day for a year, shall ye bear your iniquities, even forty years, !S!S!35."' "and ye shall know *my breach of promise. ^^ I ""the Lord have said, uNu. 13. 25. I will surely do it unto alPthis evil congregation, that are gathered r^P8.95.io. Ez. tQggti^gj. against me: in this wilderness they shall be consumed, and wSeeiKi.8.56. there they shall die." '^'^ And ~'tlie men, which Moses sent to search the land, who returned, and made all the congregation to murmur against Ps. 77. 8. He. 4. 1. * Or, altering of j^j,^^^ ^y bringing up a slander upon the land, ^'''even those men that i'nu!23."i9. did bring up the evil report upon the land, "died by the plague before y 1 Co. 10. 5. the Lord. ^'^ But ''Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Je- iTco^^io' 'i'^' pliunneh, which were of the men that went to search the land, lived "He.3.i7.'ju(ie5. gtiU. ^'^ And Moscs told these sayings unto all the children of Israel: ^K.^ii.*^^' ■'°'' 'and the people mourned greatly. ^^ And they rose up early in the morning, and gat them up into the top of the mountain, saying, " Lo ! ''we be here, and will go up unto the place which the Lord hath promised : for we have sinned." ^^ And Moses said, "Wherefore now do ye transgress 'the commandment of the Lord ? but it shall not prosper. ''- Go '^not up, for the Lord is not among you ; that ye be not smitten before your enemies. ^'^ For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and ye shall fall by the sword ; "^because ye are turned away from the Lord, therefore the Lord will not be with you." ^^ But Hhey presumed to go up unto the hill top ; nevertheless the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and Moses, departed not out of the camp. ^-^Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, tNu.2i.3.Ju. 1. and discomfited them, even unto 'Hormah. 17. cEx. 3! i. 4. dDe.l. 41. e2Cli. 24. 20. /De. 1. 42. fSCh. 15.2. ftDe. 1 . 43, 44. Fart VIII.] LAWS OF THE MEAT OFFERING, &c. 243 PS/VLM XC. * Or, A Prai/nr, beina- a Psdlm of ■Moses. t De. 33. 1. a De. 33. 27. Ez. 11. 16. t Heb. ire gcitrra- tioii and gciicra- iion. b Pr. 8. 25, 26. d 2 Pe. 3. 8. * Or, xohen he hath passed them. c Ps. 73. 20. /Ps. 103. 15. Is. 40. 6. •f Or, is changed, g Ps. 92. 7. Job 14.2. h Ps. 50. 21. Je. 16. 17. i Ps. 19. 12. J Heb. turned away. * Or, as a medita- tion. t Heb. As for the days of our years, in them are seventy years. j Ps. 39. 4. % Heb. cause to n Ps. 27. 4. o Is. 26. 12. SECT. LV. A. Jr. 2515. B. C. 1489. Hales, 1646. Rithmah. a Lev. 23. 10. b Le. 1. 2, 3. * Heh.separating Le. 7. 16. & 22 18, 21. &L 27. 2. cLe. 23. 8,12, 36. Nu. 28. 19, 27. & 29. a, 8, 13. De. 16. 10. dGe. 8. 21. PSALM XC.(26) *A Prayer of tyloses the mail of God. Moses, setting forth God's proiridence , 3 cmnplaineth of human fragility,! divine chastisements, 10 and brevilij of life. 12 He prayeth for the knowledge ana sensible experience of God's good providence. ^ Lord ! "thou hast been our dweUing-place tin all generations. ^ Before 'the mountains were brought forth, Or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, Even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God. ^ Thou turnest man to destruction ; And sayest, 'Return, ye children of men. ■* For ''a thousand years in thy sight Are but as yesterday *when it is past, And as a watch in the night. ^ Thou carriest them away as with a flood ; They ^are as a sleep : In tifie morning ^they are like grass which fgroweth up. ^ In ^the morning it flourisheth, and groweth up ; In the evening it is cut down, and withereth. "^ For we are consumed by thine anger. And by thy wrath are we troubled. ^ Thou ''hast set our iniquities before thee, Our 'secret sins in the light of thy countenance. ^ For all our days are tpassed away in thy wrath : We spend our years *as a tale that is told. ^° tThe days of our years are threescore years and ten ; And if by reason of strength they be fourscore years, Yet is their strength labor and sorrow ; For it is soon cut off, and we fly away. ^' Who knoweth the power of thine anger? Even according to thy fear, so is thy wrath. ^^ So ^ teach us to number our days. That we may tapply our hearts unto wisdom. ^^ Return, O Lord ! how long ? And let it ^repent thee concerning thy servants. '** O satisfy us early with thy mercy ! That 'we may rejoice and be glad all our days. ^^ Make us glad according to the days wherein thou hast afflicted us, And the years wherein we have seen evil. ^^ Let '"thy work appear unto thy servants, And thy glory unto their children. ^"^ And "let the beauty of the Lord our God be upon us. And "establish thou the work of our hands upon us ; Yea, the work of our hands establish thou it. Num. xxxiii. 18. And they departed from Hazeroth, and pitched in Rithmah. Section LV. -Laios of the Meat Offering, S^i Num. XV. -Sins of Ignorance. The laiv of the meat offering, and the drink offeri7ig. 14, 29 The stranger is under the same law. 17 The law of the first of the dough for a heave offering. 22 The sacrifice for sins of ignorance. 30 The prinisliment of p'resumptioji. ^1 He that violated the Sabbath is stoned . 37 The law of fringes. ^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak "unto the chil- dren of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come into the land of your habitations, which I give unto you, ^ and 'will make an offering by fire unto the Lord, a burnt offering, or a sacrifice in *performing a vow, or in a freewill offering, or 'in your solemn feasts, to make ''a sweet ("") The opinion that the ninetieth Psalm was very ancient. Lightfoot, vol. i. p. 34 ; Home's composed by Moses, when God shortened the life Introduction to the Critical Study of the Bible, vol.ii. of man, after the murmuring in the wilderness, is p. 154 ; Gray's Key, p. 261. 244 THE SACRIFICES FOR SINS OF IGNORANCE. [Period 111. eLe.2. 1. savour unto the Lord, of the herd, or of the flock ; "^ then ^shall he that /Ex. 29. 40. offereth his offering unto tlie Lord bring ^a meat offering of a tenth g-Le. 14. 10. Nu. deal of flour mingled ^with the fourth part of a hin of oil. ^And ''the ANu.28.7, 14. fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering shalt thou prepare with t Nu. 28. 12, 14. the burnt offering or sacrifice, for one lamb. '' Or 'for a ram, thou shalt prepare for a meat offering two tenth deals of flour mingled with the third part of a hin of oil. ' And for a drink oflering thou shalt offer the third part of a hin of wine, for a sweet savour unto the Lord. ^ And when thou preparest a bullock for a burnt offering, or for a sac- j Le. 7. 11. rifice in performing a vow, or •'peace offerings unto the Lord ; ^ then *Nu. 28. 12, 14. sha.ll he bring ''with a bullock a meat offering of three tenth deals of flour mingled with half a hin of oil. ^^ And thou shalt bring for a drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a sweet sa- mu. xxviu. vour unto the Lord. ^^ Thus 'shall it be done for one bullock, or for one ram, or for a lamb, or a kid. ^~ According to the number that ye shall prepare, so shall ye do to every one according to their number. ^^All that are born of the country shall do these things after this manner, in offering an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord. ^^ And if a stranger sojourn with you, or whosoever be among you in your generations, and will offer an offering made by fire, of a m Ex. 12. 49. swect savour unto the Lord ; as ye do, so he shall do. ^^ One '"or- dinance shall be both for you of the congregation, and also for the stranger that sojourneth with you, an ordinance for ever in your gener- ations ; as ye are, so shall the stranger be before the Lord. ^'^ One law and one manner shall be for you, and for the stranger that sojourneth with you." n De. 26. 1. 17 ^j^^j ^j^g LoRD spakc uuto Moscs, Saying, ^^ " Speak "unto the chil- dren of Israel, and say unto them. When ye come into the land whither jo8. 5. 11, 12. J bring you, ^^ then it shall be, that, when ye eat of "the bread of the land, pDe.26. 2^10. ye shall offcr up a heave offering unto the Lord. -° Ye ''shall offer up a g Le. 2. 14. cakc of the first of your dough for a heave offering ; as ye do 'the heave oflfering of the threshingfloor, so shall ye heave it. -^ Of the first of your dough ye shall give unto the Lord a heave offering in your generations. »■ Le. 4. 2. 22 a And '^if yc have erred, and not observed all these commandments, which the Lord hath spoken unto Moses, ~^ even all that the Lord hath commanded you by the hand of Moses, from the day that the Lord commanded Moses, and henceforward among your generations ; -■* then s Le. 4. 13. it shall be, "if aught be committed by ignorance twithout the knowledge ^^^/ of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour unto the Lord, with his 1 Or, ordinance, meat offbriug, and his drink offering, according to the tmanner, and 'Izra'if'n ^'^' '^"^ ^'^ ^^ ^'^® goats for a sin offering. ^'^ And "the priest shall make uLe. 4. 20. an atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel, and it shall be forgiven them ; for it is ignorance. And they shall bring their offering, a sacrifice made by fire unto the Lord, and their sin offering before the Lord, for their ignorance ; "'' and it shall be forgiven all the congregation of the children of Israel, and the stranger that sojourneth among them ; seeing all the people were in ignorance. t)Le.4. 27,28. 27 a j^j^^ "jf j^^y gQ^,| gj,^ fiirough ignoraucc, then he shall bring a she 10 Le. 4.35. goat of the first year for a sin offering. ~^ And '"the priest shall make an atonement for the soul that sinneth ignorantly, when he sinneth by ig- norance before the Lord, to make an atonement for him ; and it shall • Heb.doth. be forgiven him. ^^ Ye shall have one law for him that *sinneth through ignorance, both for him that is born among the children of Israel, and 'ig^is'He^'io''' ^*^^ ^'^^ stranger that sojourneth among them. 26! I'pe. 2. lo". 3"" But ""thc soul that doeth aught f presumptuously, whether he be ^highland." t^orn in the land, or a stranger, the same reproacheth the Lord ; and Part VIII.] REBELLION OF KORAH, DATHAN, AND ABIRAM. 245 that soul shall be cut off from among his people. ^^ Because he hath y^^s&^i2. 9. Ft. 5'(jespised the word of the Lord, and hath broken his commandment, zLe^s. 1. Ez. that soul sliall utterly be cut oft'; "^his iniquity shall be upon him." 32 ^nd while the children of Israel were in the wilderness, "they found a man that gathered sticks upon the Sabbath day. ^^ And they that found him gathering sticks brought him unto Moses and Aaron, and unto all the congregation. ^^ And they put him in ward, because it was not declared what should be done to him. ^^ And the Lord said unto Mo- ses, " The 'man shall be surely put to death ; all the congregation shall "stone him with stones without the camp." ^'^ And all the congregation brought him without the camp, and stoned him with stones, and he died; as the Lord commanded Moses. 3^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Speak unto the chil- ''iMat^' 5" ^*'^" ^^ Israel, and bid ''them that they make them fringes in the bor- ders of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put upon the fringe of the borders a riband of blue. ^^ And it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the com- ^Fe%^u^lz^^' iiiandments of the Lord, and do them ; and that ye 'seek not after your 6?'9. ' ' ' own heart and your own eyes, after which ye use -^to go a whoring ; /Ps.73.27. Ja. 40 jj^g^^ yg ,^g^y remember, and do all my commandments, and be ^holy ^Le. 11.44, 45. uuto your God. ■*' I am the Lord your God, which brought you out 18.20. s See Ge. 2. 2. b Ex. 31. 14, 1^. c Le. 24. 14. 1 Ki. 21. 13 Ac. 7. 58, Ro. 1 of the land of Egypt, to be your God : I am the Lord your God." Section LVI. — Rehellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram ; — The Israelites SECT. LVI. murmur — Events in consequence. A. M. ab. 2533. NuM. xvi. and xvii. B. C. ab. 1471. The rebellion of Korah, Dathan. and Abiram. 23 Moses separateth the people from the rebels' tents. Hales 1615. 31 Tlte earth swalloweth up Korah, and afire consumeth others. 36 Tlie censers are leserved to ' ' holy use. 41 Fourteen thousand and seven Inmdred are slain by a plague for murmuring against Ritlimah. jMoses and Aaron. 46 Aaron by incense stayeth the plague. — Chap. xvii. 1 Aaron's rod among all tlie rods of the tribes onlyflourisheth. 10 It is left for a monument against the rebels. a^Ex 6. 21. Jude 1 ^^^^, "Korah, the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, and Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab,and On, the son of Peleth, sons of Reuben, took men. ^ And they rose up before Moses, with cer- tain of the children of Israel, two hundred and fifty princes of the as- cPs""u)6 ^16 sembly, ''famous in the congregation, men of renown. ^ And 'they gath- ered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron, and said *fm%n. " """'' unto them, '' * Ye take too much upon you, seeing '^all the congregation dEx. 19. 6. are holy, every one of them, 'and the Lord is among them ; where- ^u.'u.'^^' ^"' fore then lift ye up yourselves above the congregation of the Lord?" /Nu. 14. 5. & 4 ^pj(j when Moses heard it, -^he fell upon his face ; ^ and he spake unto Korah and unto all his company, saying, " Even to-morrow the gUe. 21. 6-8, 12, Lqj^jj ^yjn show who are his, and who is ^holy ; and will cause him to A Ex. 28. 1. Nu. come near unto him ; even him whom he hath ''chosen will he cause Ps. mae. ' ' to 'come near unto him. ^ This do ; take your censers, Korah, and all 'f^'i'Ez ^!' ^^^ company; '''and put fire therein, and put incense in them before 4g; the Lord to-morrow ; and it shall be that the man whom the Lord doth choose, he shall be holy — ye take too much upon you, ye sons of Levi." ^ And Moses said unto Korah, " Hear, I pray you, ye sons of ^]%}^-^- ^'" Levi ! ^Seemeth it but ■'a small thing unto you, that the God of Israel ftNu. 3. 41,45. hath ^separated you from the congregation of Israel, to bring you near lo.'^s. ' ^' to himself to do the service of the tabernacle of the Lord, and to stand before the congregation to minister unto them ? ^^ And he hath brought thee near to him, and all thy brethren the sons of Levi with thee ; and seek ye the priesthood also ? ^^ For which cause both thou and all thy ' E".- 16- 8- 1 ^°- company are gathered together against the Lord ; 'and what is Aaron, that ye murmur against him ? " ^'■^And Moses sent to call Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab ; which said, " We will not come up. '■' Is it a small thing that thou hast 246 REBELLION OF KORAH, DATHAN, AND ABIRAM. [Period IIL ; Ex. 2. 14. Ac. 27,35. brought us up out of a land that floweth with milk and honey, to kill us in the wilderness, except thou "'make thyself altogether a prince over Ex'-n us ? ^■^ Moreover thou hast not brought us into "a land that floweth with milk and honey, or given us inheritance of fields and vineyards. Wilt t iieb. bm-e out. thou tput out thc cyes of these men? — we will not come up." ^^And oGe. 4.4,5. Moscs was vcry wroth, and said unto tjie Lord, "Respect "not thou P^Q^^fco'i't their offering ; ''I have not taken one ass from them, neither have I °" ' ' hurt one of them." ^^ And Moses said unto Korah, " Be thou and all 9 1 sa. 12. 3, 7. thy compauy 'before the Lord, thou, and they, and Aaron, to-morrow ; ^'' and take every man his censer, and put incense in them, and bring ye before the Lord every man his cen.ser, two hundred and fifty cen- sers ; thou also, and Aaron, each of you his censer." ^•^And they took every man his censer, and put fire in them, and laid incense thereon, and stood in thc door of the tabernacle of the congregation with Moses and Aaron. ^'' And Korah gathered all the congregation against them unto the door of the tabernacle of the con- r£x. 16. 7, 10. gregation ; and '"the glory of the Lord appeared unto all the con- gregation. -■'And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, 4 See Ge. 19.14, 21 «' geparatc "yourselvcs from among this congregation, that I may 17, -. e..T . . ipQj^g^^j^g ^j^gj^ jj^ ^ moment." -- And they "fell upon their faces, and said, " O God ! "the God of the spirits of all flesh, shall one man sin, B"'5." "' and wilt thou be wroth with all the congregation ? " "nu! 27! 16. Job ^^And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^4 ^ gp^^]^ ^^^0 the 13. io. Ec. 'i^. congregation, saying, Get you up from about the tabernacle of Korah, 12. i'. He. 12. 9! Dathan, and Abiram." ~^ And Moses rose up and went unto Dathan and Abiram ; and the elders of Israel followed him. ^^ And he spake unto the congregation, saying, " Depart, '"I pray you, from the tents of these wicked men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed in all their sins." ^^ So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every side ; and Dathan and Abiram came out, and stood in the door of their tents, and their wives, and their sons, and their little children. ~^ And Moses said, " Hereby ''ye shall know that the Lord hath sent me to do all these works ; for I have '"'aa^itf^ioh^i s"' "^^ *^^"*^ ^hem '-'of mine own mind. ^''' If these men die tthe common aoi&'e. 38. ■ death of all men, or if they be ""visited after the visitation of all men; ^mifdutk.'"''-' then the Lord hath not sent me. ^o But if the Lord *make "a new 2 Ex. 20. 5. & 32. thing, and the earth open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all is.io.Vje. 5. that appertain unto them, and they ''go down quick into tiie pit; then Ac. 2. 40. Re- 18. 4. t Ex. 32. 10, IB See Ge. 19. 12 14. Is. 52. 11. 2 Co. 6. 17. r. Ex. 3. 12. I 18. 22. Ze. 10. Jolin 5. ; Heb. erca ye shall understand that these men have provoked the Lord. rreature. Is. 45. 31 ^„(j '^^^ came to pass, as lic had uiadc an end of speaking all these a job 31. 3. Is. words, that the ground clave asunder that was under them, ^a And A~P8.^55 15 t'^^ ^^'■^'^ opened her mouth, and swallowed them up, and their houses, cNu.25. I'd. & ''and all the men that appertained unto Korah, and all their goods. fl'm.V!' "■ ^^ They, and all that appertained to them, went down alive into the pit, rf See ver. 17. Nu. and the earth closed upon them; and they perished from among the 22^ 37.' ■ '■ congregation ! ^"^ And all Israel that were round about them fled at the cry of them ; for they said, " Lest the earth swallow us up also ! " ^^ And there 'came out a fire from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred '^- and fifty men that offered incense. ^'^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^7 " Speak unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, that he take up the censers out of the /See Le. 27. 28. burning, and scatter thou the fire yonder ; ^for they are hallowed. ^^ The f Pr. 20. 2. Hab. ccnscrs of thcsc ^sinners against their own souls, let them make them broad plates for a covering of the altar ; for they otfered them before kNu. 17. 10. & th(! Lord, therefore they arc hallowed, ''and they shall be a sign unto 2b. 10. Ez. 14.8. ^^^ (-hildren of Israel. ^'■' And Eleazar the priest took the brazen censers, e Le. in. 2. N 101), iNu. 3. 10. 2Ch. Part VIII.] IHE BUDDING OF AARON'S ROD. 247 wherewith they that were burnt had offered ; and they were made broad plates for a covering of the altar, ''^ to be a memorial unto the children of Israel, 'that no stranger, which is not of the seed of Aaron, ^^' ^"' come near to offer incense before the Lord, that he be not as Korah, and as his company ; as the Lord said to him by the hand of Moses. jNu. 14.2.PS. "*! But on the morrow ^all the congregation of the children of Israel ^^^'' ^' murmured against Moses and against Aaron, saying, " Ye have killed the people of the Lord." "^ And it came to pass, when the congrega- tion was gathered against Moses and against Aaron, that they looked kEx. 40. 34. toward tiie tabernacle of the congregation; and, behold, *the cloud JNu. 20. 6. covered it, and 'the glory of the Lord appeared! ''^ And Moses and Aaron came before the tabernacle of the congregation. 44 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^'^ " Get you up from among this congregation, that I may consume them as in a moment." And they fell upon their faces. 46 And Moses said unto Aaron, " Take a censer, and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, and go quickly unto the con- "i^53 ^^'8^9 "i^ gregation, and make an atonement for them ; '"for there is wrath gone ii.^33.'&^i8.5.*' out from the Lord — the plague is begun ! " '^'' And Aaron took as Moses mS^!' ^^' ^'' commanded, and ran into the midst of the congregation ; and, behold, the plague was begun among the people ! and he put on incense, and made an atonement for the people. ^^^ And he stood between the dead and the living, and the plague was stayed. "9 Now they that died in the plague were fourteen thousand and seven hundred, besides them that died about the matter of Korah. ^^ And Aaron returned unto Moses unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation ; and the plague was stayed. 1 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^ " Speak unto Num. xvii. the children of Israel, and take of every one of them a rod according to the house of their fathers, of all their princes according to the house of their fathers, twelve rods ; write thou every man's name upon his rod. ^ And thou shalt write Aaron's name upon the rod of Levi ; for one rod shall be for the head of the house of their fathers. 4 And thou shalt lay them up in the tabernacle of the congregation be- njx.25.p.&.^ fore the testimony, "where I will meet with you. ^And it shall come to pass, that the man's rod, "whom I shall choose, shall blossom ; and I will make to cease from me the murmurings of the children of Israel, J) Nil. 16. 11. ''whereby they murmur against you." 6 And Moses spake unto the children of Israel, and every one of their t Heb. a rodM priuccs gavo him ta rod apiece, for each prince one, according to their forone'^ruce.'"^ fathcrs' houscs, cvcii twclvc rods ; and the rod of Aaron was among 5 Ex.3|^2K Nu. tj^g^j. ,.Q(jg_ 7 ^j^^j Moscs laid up thc rods before the Lord in 'the tab- ernacle of witness. ^ And it came to pass, that on the morrow Moses went into the tabernacle of witness ; and, behold, the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi was budded, and brought forth buds, and bloomed blossoms, and yielded almonds. '^ And Moses brought out all the rods from be- fore the Lord unto all the children of Israel ; and they looked, and took every man his rod. r He. 9. 4. 10 And the Lord said unto Moses, " Bring ''Aaron's rod again before X Heb. children of j-j^g tcstimonv, to bc kept for a token against the trebels ; and thou shalt rebellion. N u. lb. .^ ' ^ . . ^ , , , . ^ n A J 38. quite take away their murmurings from me, that they die not. And Moses did so ; as the Lord commanded him, so did he. ^^ And the children of Israel spake unto Moses, saying, " Behold, we die ! we s Nu. 1. 51, 53. perish ! we all perish ! ^^ whosoever 'cometh any thing near unto the ^^ ■*' ■ tabernacle of the Lord shall die : shall we be consumed with dying ?" 29. 42, 43. & 30. 36. Nu. 16. 5. 248 LAWS RELATING TO THE PRIEST& AND LEVITES. [Period III SECT. LVll. Section LVIL — Laws relating to the Priests and Levites. A. .AiTaoaa. Num. xviii. B. C. 1471. Tlie charge of the priests and Lerites. 9 The priests' portion. 21 The LevUes' portion. 25 The Hales ltil5. heare offering to the priests out of the Lerites' portion. Eithmah. ^ And the LoRD Said unto Aaron, " Thou and thy sons and thy aEi ^~38 father's house with thee, shall "bear the iniquity of the sanctuary ; and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of your priesthood. - And thy brethren also of the tribe of Levi, the tribe of thy father, 6SeeGe. 29.34. bring thou with thee, that they may be ''joined unto thee, and 'minis- dNu. 3. 10.' ^^^ ^^^^ thee; but ''thou and thy sons with thee shall minister before « Nil. 3. 25, 31, the tabernacle of witness. ^And they shall keep thy charge, and 'the /Nu. 16. 40. charge of all the tabernacle ; ^only they shall not come nigh the vessels ^Nu. 4. 15. of the sanctuary and the altar, ^that neither they, nor ye also, die. ■* And they shall be joined unto thee, and keep the charge of the tab- ANu. 3. 10. ernacle of the congregation, for all the service of the tabernacle ; ''and iEx 27.21. & 30. a stranger shall not come nigh unto you. ^And ye shall keep *the e! 2. ' ■ ■ ' "■ charge of the sanctuary, and the charge of the altar ; ■'that there be no jNu. ic. 46. wrath any more upon the children of Israel. ^ And I, behold, I have tNu. 3. 12, 45. *taken your brethren the Levites from among the children of Israel; JNu.3. 9. &.8. 'to you they are given as a gift for the Lord, to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation. " Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and m He. 9. 3, 6. "'witliiu the vcil ; and ye shall serve. I have given your priest's, office unto you as a service of gift ; and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death." *26.\V6',3l ^ -'^"d the Lord spake unto Aaron, " Behold, "I also have given thee Nu. 5. 9. the charge of my heave offerings of all the hallowed things of the "^'^13^15^' ^ children of Israel ; unto thee have I given them "by reason of the anointing, and to thy sons, by an ordinance for ever. ^ This shall be thine of the most holy things, reserved from the fire ; every oblation pLe.2. 2, 3. of thcirs, cvcry ''meat offering of theirs, and every 'sin offering of lil'.t'.L'^j'.y theirs, and every '^trespass oflTering of theirs, which they shall render s Le. 6. 16, 18, uuto me, shall be most holy for thee and for tliy sons. ^^ In 'the most holy place shalt thou eat it ; every male shall eat it; it shall be holy t Ex. 29. 27, 28. unto thce. 11 And this is thine ; 'the heave offering of their gift, with all the wave offerings of the children of Israel: I have given them unto '^18% ^°' ^^' ^^" "thee, and to thy sons and to thy daughters with thee, by a statute for cLe.^.2,3,11- ever; "every one that is clean in thy house shall eat of it. ^-Ali "the ^G 4 3 E *best of the oil, and all the best of the wine, and of the wheat, ''the 23* 19.' " ■ firstfruits of them which they shall offer unto the Lord, them have I *2'j.''''""^"'' ''"' given thee. ^^ And whatsoever is first ripe in the land, ^which they shall I Ex. 23.29. bring unto the Lord, shall be thine ; every one that is clean in thy '34.'2r?Le^2^i4. ho^se shall eat of it, i"* Every 'thing devoted in Israel shall be thine, ue. 26. 2. 15 Evcry thing that openeth "the matrix in all flesh, which they osIeEx. 13 o bring unto the Lord, whether it be of men or beasts, shall be thine ; iEx. 13. 13. & nevertheless 'the firstborn of man shalt thou surely redeem, and the ^■'■^°' firstling of unclean beasts shalt thou redeem. ^^ And those that are to cLe._27.2,6.Nu. bc redeemed from a month old shalt thou redeem, ^according to thine estimation, for the money of five shekels, after the shekel of the sanc- !3. -^ ^ B. c. 1-171. Num. xix. Hales, 1615. 1 ^^^^^ ^he LoRD spakc uuto Moscs and unto Aaron, saying, ^" This Riihm ii. |g ^j^^ ordinance of the law which the Lord hath commanded, saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring thee a red heifer a De. 21. 3. 1 Sa. without spot, whcrcin is no blemish, "and upon which never came yoke. =5 And ye shall give her unto Eleazar the priest, that he may bring her ^hIk/h"'' ''^oxih without the camp, and one shall slay her before his face. '' And cLe. 4. 6. He. 9. Elcazar the priest shall take of her blood with his finger, and ''sprinkle ^^' of her blood directly before the tabernacle of the congregation seven times. ^ And one shall burn the heifer in his sight ; ''her skin, and her flesh, and her blood, with her dung, shall he burn ; ^ and the priest shall take ^cedar wood, and hyssop, and scarlet, and cast it into the midst /Le. 11.25. of the burning of the heifer. '^Then ■'"the priest shall wash his clothes, and he shall bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp, and the priest shall be unclean until the even. ^ And he that burneth her shall wash his clothes in water, and bathe his flesh in water, and shall be unclean until the even. "And a man that is clean shall gatlier up the ashes of the heifer, and lay them up without the camp in a clean place, and it sliall be kept for the congregation of the VOL. I. 32 c Le. 11. 4, 6, 49. 250 THE WANDERING IN THE WILDERNESS ; [Pkriod III. g Na. 31. 23. h Le. 21. 1. Nu. 5. 2. La. 4. 14. Hag. 2. 13. * Heb. soul of i Nu. 31. 19. j Le. 15. 31. k Xu. 8. 7. Z Le. 7. 20. TO Le. 11. K. Xu. 31. 20. f Ilel). dost. ver. 9. J Ueb. living waters sliall be given. Ge. 26. 19. n Ps. 51. 7. p [lag. 2. 13. q Le. 15. 5. SECT. LIX. A. M. 2515 to 2.>53. B. C. 1489 to 1451. Hales, 164.'5 fo 1608. The Wililorness. a 1 Mac. 5. 4, Bean -• see Ge. 36. 27. De. 10.6, 7. J Ch. 1. 42. 6 De. 2. 8. 1 Ki. 9. 26. &, 22. 48. children of Israel ^for a water of separation ; it is a purification for sin. 1" And he that gathereth the ashes of the heifer shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even ; and it shall be unto the chil- dren of Israel, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among them, for a statute for ever. 11 " He "that toucheth the dead body of any *man shall be unclean seven days. ^~ He 'shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean ; but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean. ^^ Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself, Mefileth the tabernacle of the Lord, and that soul shall be cut oti' from Israel ; because Hhe water of separation v.as not sprinkled upon hun, he shall be unclean ; 'his uncleanness is yet upon him. ^^ This is the law, when a man dieth in a tent ; all that come into the tent, and all that is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days. ^^ And every "open vessel, which hath no covering bound upon it, is unclean, i"^' And whosoever toucheth one that is slain with a sword in the open fields, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days. 1" " And for an unclean person they shall take of the rashes of the burnt heifer of purification for sin, and Irunning water shall be put thereto in a vessel. ^'^ And a clean person shall take "hyssop, and dip it in the water, and sprinkle it upon the tent, and upon all the vessels, and upon the persons that were there, and upon him that touched a bone, or one slain, or one dead, or a grave. ^^ And the clean person shall sprinkle upon the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day ; "and on the seventh day he shall purify himself, and wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at even. 2" But the man that shall be unclean, and shall not purify himself, that soul shall be cut oft' from among the congregation, because he hath defiled the sanctuary of the Lord ; the water of separation hath not been sprinkled upon him, he is unclean. -^ And it shall be a perpetual statute unto them, that he that sprinkleth the water of separation shall wash his clothes ; and he that toucheth the water of separation shall be unclean until even. —And ^'whatsoever the unclean person toucheth shall be unclean ; and 'the soul that toucheth it shall be unclean until even. Section LIX. Seventeen Journeys — the Fifteenth to the Tliirty-Jirsf. Num. .xxxiii. 19-35. i^AiVD they departed from Rithmah, and pitched at Rimmon-parez. -'^ And they departed from Rimmon-parez, and pitched in Libnah. -1 And they removed from Libnah, and pitched at Rissah. 2- And they journeyed from Rissah, and pitched in Kehelathah. 23 And they went from Kehelathah, and pitched in Mount Shapher. ^■* And they removed from Mount Shapher, and encamped in Haradah. -^ And they removed from Haradah, and pitched in MakhelotJi. 26 And they removed from Makheloth, and encamped at Tahath. 2'' And they departed from Tahath, and pitched at Tarah. ~^And they removed from Tarah, and pitched in Mithcah. 29 And they went from Mithcah, and pitched in Ilashmonah. 3*^ And they departed from Ilashmonah, and encamped at Moseroth. 31 And they departed from Moseroth, and pitched in Bene-jaakan. 3- And they removed from "Bene-jaakan, and encamped at Hor- hagidgad. 33 And they went from Ilor-hagidgad, and pitched in Jotbathah. 3^ And they removed from Jotbathah, and encamped at Ebronah. 35 And they departed from Ebronah, 'and encamped at Ezion-gaber. Part VIII.] FROM RITHMAH TO KADESH-BARNEA. 25l SECT. LX. Section LX. The Thirty-second Journey — From Ezion-gaber to the — Wilderness of Zin, or Kadcsh-harnea, the second time, after thirty-eight \ c ]^^~ y<^(^^^' wandering ; — Death of Miriam ; — The People murmur for Water. Hales, 1608. NuM. XX. 1-13, a7ld xxxiii. 36. Ka:iesh-bariiea. 1 Then Came the children of Israel, even the wiiole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month. And the people abode in a Ex. 15. 00. Kadesh ; and "Miriam died there, and was buried there. * E>;- 1"- 1- '- And 'there was no water for the congregation ; "and they gathered c Nu. lo. 19, 42. tj^gj^ggivgg together against Moses and against Aaron. ^ And the people chode with Moses, and spake, saying, " Would God that we had died dNu. IK 1, 33. ''when our brethren died before the Lord ! "* And Svhy have ye brought %, 35, 49.' ' up the congregation of the Lord into this wilderness, that we and our e Ex. 17. 3. cattle should die there ? ^ And wherefore have ye made us to come up out of Egypt, to bring us in unto this evil place ? it is no place of seed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pomegranates ; neither is there any water to drink." "^And Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the /Nu. 14. 5. assembly unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and ^they g-Nu. 14. 10. fgU upon tj^eij. faces ; and "'the Glory of the Lord appeared unto them. AEx. 4. 20. & ^And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^"Take ''the rod, and gather thou the assembly together, thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes ; and it shall give forth his sNe. 9.15. P9.T8. watcr, and 'thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so io,i6. Is. 43. ^j^^^ shalt give the congregation and their beasts drink." ^And Moses took the rod from before the Lord, as he commanded him. ^°And Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together before the rock, jPs. 106. 33. and he said unto them, "Hear ^ now, ye rebels! must we fetch you water out of this rock ? " ^^ And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his A Ex. 17. 6. 1 Co. rod he smote the rock twice: and ^the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also. ^■^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron, "Because 'ye be- lieved me not, to "'sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel, 'f." o, „ „ therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land which I have n De. 33. 8. Ps. •^ O O o 95.8. " ' ' given them." ^^ This "is the water of *Meribah ; because the children *see Ex!'!???.'' o^ Isracl strovc with the Lord, and he was sanctified in them. Num. xxxiii. 36. And they removed from Ezion-gaber, and pitched in the wilderness of Zin, which is Kadesh. SECT. LXI. Sect. LXI. The King of Edom refuses to per?nit the People to pass through his Territory; — Defeat of Arad the CanaaniteS'^^^ B. C. 1452. Num. xx. 14-21, xxi. 1-3, and xxxiii. 40. Hales, 1608. 14 ^^^ "Moscs scfit messcngers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom, Thus ''saith thy brother Israel, Thou knowest all the travel that hath befallen us ; ^^ how "our fathers went down into Egypt, "^and we have * De.^2. 4, jfcc. dwelt in Egypt a long time : "and the Egyptians vexed us, and our fathers. ^^ And ^when we cried unto the Lord, he heard our voice, Rp ifi fi and ^sent an angel, and hath brought us forth out of Egypt; and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border. ^^ Let I Nu. 27. 14. m Le. 10. 3. Ez. 20. 41. 1 Pe. 3. A. M. 2552. B. C. 1452. Hales, 1608. ICarlesh-barnea, aJu. 11. 16, 17, 6 De. 2. 4, &:c. Obad. 10, 12. Heb. found ils. c Ge. 46. 6. d Ex. 12. 40, eEx. 1. n,&c. ''US pass, I pray thee, through thy country; we will not pass through "^ Ex^3^^\sci3 ^^^ fields, or through the vineyards, neither will we drink of the water 21. of the wells ; we will go by the king's highway, we will not turn to the A See Nu. 21. 22. ^jg|-j|- jj^nd nor to the left, until we have passed thy borders." (27^ This conquest of Arad is supposed to be Though Arad was unsuccessful in his present at- spoken of prophetically ; its final subjugation being tack, the people of Arad were not finally subdued completed by Joshua (Joshua xii. 14.) Arad is sit- till the days of Joshua ; and I have therefore insert- uated on the very border of Canaan ; it is not im- ed this narrative after Edom refuses to permit the probable, therefore, that the king began the war Israelites to pass through his territory, and imme- against the Israelites, not only when they v/ere diately before the removal from Kadesh-barnea. — comparatively unused to war, but at the very time Vide Horsley's Bib. Crit. vol. i. p. 174. when they were repulsed by the king of Edom. 252 FIERY SERPENTS SENT. [Period III. j See De. 2. iSee Ju. 1. I Xu. 13. 21. m Ge. 28. 20. 11. 30. n Le. 27. 28. ^^ And Edom said unto him, " Thou shall not pass by me, lest I come out against thee with the sword." ^^ And the children of Israel said unto him, " We will go by the higliway ; and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I will pay for it. I will only, without doing any thing else, go through on my feet." ~" And he said, " Thou 'shall not go through." And Edom came out against him with much people, !7, and with a strong hand. ~^ Thus Edom ^refused to give Israel passage through his border ; wherefore Israel turned away from him. ^- ^ And when *king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the Num. xxi. 1-3. south, heard tell that Israel came 'by the way of the spies ; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners. ^ And '"Israel vowed a vow unto the Lord, and said, " If thou will indeed deliver this people into my hand, then "I will utterly destroy their cities." ^ And the Lord hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites ; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities. ^ And He called the name of the place tHormah. Num. xxxiii. 40. And king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the children of Israel. sECT.LXii. Sect. LXII A. M. 2552. B. C. 1452. Hales, 1608. Mount Hor. a Ge. 25. 8. Nu. 27. 13. * Heb. mouth, b De. 32. 50. SECT. LXIir. The Thirty-third Journey — From Kadesh-harnea to Mount Hor; — Death of Aaron. Num. XX. 22-29, and. xxxiii. 37-39. -- And the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, journeyed from Kadesh, and came unto Mount Hor. ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron in Mount Hor, by the coast of the land of Edom, saying, ^"^ " Aaron "shall be gathered unto his people ; for he shall not enter into the land which I have given unto the children of Israel, be- cause ye rebelled against my *word at the water of Meribah, -^Take ''Aaron and Eleazar his son, and bring them up unto Mount Hor ; '^^ and strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son ; and Aaron shall be gathered unto his people, and shall die there." ^~ And Moses did as tiie Lord commanded ; and they went up into Mount Hor in the sight of all the congregation. ^'^ And "Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son ; and ''Aaron died there in the top of the mount ; and Moses and Eleazar came down from the mount. ^^ And Aaron the priest went up into Mount Hor at the ^^'^ ^^^^' commandment of the Lord, and died there, in the fortieth ' year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the first day of the fifth month. ^^ And Aaron was an hundred and twenty and three years old when he died in Mount Hor. 2^ And when all the congregation saw that Aaron was N^'*'- ^^ '^^■ dead, they mourned for Aaron 'thirty days, even all the house of Israel. Num. xxxiii. 37. And they removed from Kadesli, and pitched in Mount Hor, in the edge of the land of Edom. A. M. 2552. B. C. 1452. Hales, 1C08. Zaimonah. aJu. 11. 18. * Or, grieved. Heb. shortened. Ex. G. 9. b Ps. 78. 19. c Ex. 16. 3. dNu. 11.6. c Ge. 3. 14, 15. De. 8. 15. Wis. 16. 1,5. 1 Co. 10. 9. Sect. LXIII. The Thirty-fourth Journey — From Mount Hor to Zaimonah ; — Fiery Serpents sent. Num. xxi. 4-9, and xxxiii. 41. "* And they journeyed from Mount Hor by the way of the Red Sea, "to compass the land of Edom ; and the soul of the people was much *discouraged because of the way. •'' And the people 'spake against God, and against Moses, " Wherefore 'have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness ? for there is no bread, neither is there any water, and ''our soul loatheth this light bread." "^ And 'the Lord sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people ; and much people of Israel died. Part VIII.] DEFEAT OF SIHON AND OG. 253 /P3. 78. 34. ft2Ki. 18. 4. Jo. 3. 14, 15. SECT. LXIV. A. M. 2552. B. C. 1452. Hales, 1608. Zalmonah to Ije-abarini. SECT. LXV. A M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 16U7. lira to Dibon-gad. a Be. 2. 13. b Nu. 22. 30. Ju 11. 18. * Or, Vaheb : Saphak. t Hob. leanet.h. De. 2. 18, 29. c Ju. 9. 21. d Ex. 15. 1. X Heb. Ascend. * Or, answer. /De.2. 2fi, 27 Ju. 11. 19. g De. 29. 7. h De. 2. 32. Ju. 11. 20. t De. 2. 33. & 29. 7. Jos. 12. 1, 2. & 24. 8. Ps. 135. 10, 11. Am. 2. 9. j Heb. daughters. ' Therefore -^the people came to Moses, and said, " We have sinned, for we have spoken against the Lord, and against thee ; ^pray unto the Lord, that he take away the serpents from us." And Moses prayed for the people. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole ; and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live." ''And ''Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived. Num. xxxiii. 41. And they departed from Mount Hor, and pitched in Zalmonah. Section LXIV. — The Thirty-fifth, sixth, and seventh Journeys. Num. xxxiii. 42-44, and xxi. 10, 11. ''^ And they departed from Zalmonah, and pitched in Punon. **^And they departed from Punon, and pitched in Oboth. ^^ And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at *Ije-abarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sunrising. Num. xxi. 10. And the children of Israel set forward, and pitched in Oboth. Num. xxxiii. 44. And they departed from Oboth, and pitched in Ije-abarim, in the bor- der of Moab. Section LXV. The Thirty-eighth Journey — Fi-om Ije-abarim, or lim, to Dihon-gacl; — Defeat of Sihon Icing of the Amorites, and of Og king of Bashan. Num. xxxiii. 45, and xxi. 12, to part of 18, and 21, to the end. •*^ And they departed from lim, and pitched in Dibon-gad. ^- From "thence they removed, and pitched in the valley of Zared. 1^ From thence they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that conVeth out of the coasts of the Amorites, for ''Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites. 1^ Wherefore it is said in The Book of the Wars of the Lord, — "*What he did in the Red Sea, And in the brooks of Arnon, '^ And at the stream of the brooks That goeth down to the dwelling of Ar, And flieth upon the border of Moab." ^^ And from thence they went 'to Beer : that is the well whereof the Lord spake unto Moses, " Gather the people together, and I will give them water. ^"^ Then ''Israel sang this song : — " t Spring up, O well ! *sing ye unto it ! ^^ The princes digged the well. The nobles of the people digged it. By the direction of 'the lawgiver, with their staves." 2^ And -^Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, say- ing, " " Let me pass through thy land ; we will not turn into the fields, or into the vineyards ; we will not drink of the waters of the well, but we will go along by the king's highway, until we be past thy bor- ders." ~^And ° Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his bor- der : but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness ; ''and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel. -'' And 'Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and pos- sessed his land from Arnon unto Jabbok, even unto the children of Amnion ; for the border of the children of Ammon was strong. ^^ And Israel took all these cities ; and Israel dwelt in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all the f villages thereof. -"^For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab, and taken all his land out of his hand, even unto Arnon. -'' Wherefore, they that speak in proverbs say, — v 11. 7, 33. 2 Ki i3. Je. 48. ■ 48. p De. 3. 1. & 33 29. 7. 254 THE FORTY-FIRST JOURNEY— PLAINS OF MOAB. [Period III. '• Come into Heshbon, Let the city of Sihon be built and prepared. jJe.48.45,46. as p^j. ^^^^.^ jg j^ f^^.^ gQ,^g q^^ ^f HesllbOH, A flame from the city of Sihon ; A- De.^2. 9, 18. Is. It hath consumcd * Ar of Moab, And the lords of the high places of Arnon. -^ Woe to thee, Moab ! un. n.24. iKi. Thou art undone, O people of'Chemosh! He hath given his sons that escaped, And his daughters, into captivity Unto Sihon king of the Amorites. ^° We have shot at them ; Heshbon is perished even '"unto Dibon, And we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, Which reacheth unto "Medeba." ^^ Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites. ^^ And Moses sent o Ku. 32. 1. Je. to spy out " Jaazcr, and they took the villages thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there. And 'they turned and went up by the way of Bashan ; and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the 9 Jos. 13. 12. battle "at Edrei. ^^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Fear liim not; r De. 3. 2. f^^. j ^^^^,^ delivered him into thy hand, and all his people, and his 5Ps. 135.10,11. land ; '^and thou shalt do to him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the tDe. 3. 3, >tc. Amorites, which dwelt at Heshbon." ^^ So 'they smote him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was none left him alive ; and they possessed his land. SEC'iVLXVi. Section LXYI.— The Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Journeys. A. >I. 2553. Num. xxxiii. AQ, 47, audxxi. last part of 18, 19, 20. iUL*^'s^t607 '^^ ^'^^'^ ^'^^y removed from Dibon-gad, and encamped in Almon-Mib- Aimon-dibia- lathaim. timm. 47 ^^nd thcy removed from Almon-diblathaim, ''and pitched in the mountains of Abarim, before Nebo. ^^ And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah : ^^ and from tneb.'^iw.' Mattanah to Nahaliel : and from Nahaliel to Bamoth : ^o and from fOr, t/tc/uTZ. Bamoth in the valley, that is in the *country of Moab, to the top of \?els.^u.%'.w. tPisgah, which looketh toward tJeshimon. Sect. LXVIL The Forty-first Journey — From Abarim to the Plains of Moab bii Jordan; — Balaam and BalakS^^ SECT, r.xvii. .^^ -^ , ... .^ Num. xxii., xxiii., xxiv., and xxxin.48. Bidalc' s first message for Balaam is refused. 15 His seco7id message obtaineth him. 22 An Angel vonld have slain him. if his ass had not saved him. 3G Balak entertaineth him. — Chap, xxiii. 1, 13, 18 Balak' s sacrifice. 7, 18 lialaam's parables. — Chap. xxiv. 1 Balaam, leaving divinations, prophesieth the haiipiiu-ss of Israel . W Balak in anger dismisseth him. 15 He prophesicth of the Star of Jacob, and the destruction of some nations. 1 And "the children of Israel set forward, and pitched in the plains of Moab on this side Jordan by Jericho. (2**) There were various modes in which the di- established the patriarchal dispensation, and as this vine will was cotninunicated to man : one of which sj'stem was now on the eve of beincr abrogated, it was, compelling the prophet, wliether contrary, or was to be expected that the same Divine Being, ao-reeably, to his inclination, to utter certain pro- who had introduced it, would effect its abolition, phetic truths and oracular responses. Of all the AVe read accordingly, that when Balaam received patriarchal prophets at this period of the world, Ba- the mcssengf rs of Balak, the Lord, the Angel Je- laaui appears to have been the most celebrated ; and liovah, appeared unto him ; and God said unto liim, Balak. fearing the Israelites, who " cover the face "Thou shalt not go with them; thou shalt not of the earth," sends to Balaam, entreating him to curse the people; for they arc blessed." This an- couie and curse these invaders. The seer professes nunciation checked for a time the ambition and his desire to please the king, but at the same time, covetousness of the prophet; the messengers re- gives him to understand, that he is the mere instru- turned witii more honorable offers to Balaam, when meat of making known the decree of the Almighty. theAnrrel of the Lord appears as the captain of the The Ano-el Jehovah was justly considered tohave Lord's host, " standing in the way, his sword drawn a Je. 48. 22. Ez. 6. 14. A. «. 2553. B. C. 145). Hales, 1607. Plains of ilo.ib. a See Ni I. 33. 48 Part VIII.] BALAK'S MESSAGE TO BALAAM. 255 4 ju. 11.25. 2 ^j^fj 'Balak the son of Zippor saw all that Israel had done to the cEx. 15. 15. Amorites. ^ And '^Moab was sore afraid of the people, because they were many ; and Moab was distressed because of the children of Israel. ''la^hL' ^' ■^"'' "* And Moab said unto ''the elders of Midian, " Now shall this company lick up all that are round about us, as the ox licketh up the grass of the field." And Balak the son of Zippor was king of the Moabites at eDe.23.4. Jos that time. ^ He 'sent messengers therefore unto Balaam the son of a.Mic. 6. 5. ' ' Beor to-'Pethor, which is by the river of the land of the children of 11. Re.' 2. 14." ^ his people, to call him, saying, "Behold, there is a people come out ^bT^"''1^^'''' ^^^^ Egypt ; behold, they cover the *face of the earth, and they abide *Heb. (T/e! over against me. ^ Come now therefore, I pray thee, curse me this people ; for they are too mighty for me : perad venture I shall prevail, that we may smite them, and that I may drive them out of the land ; for I wot that he whom thou blessest is blessed, and he whom thou cursest is cursed." "^ And the elders of Moab and the elders of Midian g-isa. 9. 7,8. departed with ^the rewards of divination in their hand ; and they came unto Balaam, and spake unto him the words of Balak. ^ And he said unto them, " Lodge here this night, and I will bring you word again, as the Lord shall speak unto me." And the princes of Moab abode with Balaam. h Ge. 20. 3. 9 ^j^j ''God Came unto Balaam, and said, " What men are these with thee ? " ^^ And Balaam said unto God, " Balak, the son of Zippor, king of Moab, hath sent unto me, saying, ^^ ' Behold, there is a people come out of Egypt, which covereth the face of the earth. Come now, curse ^fadilfilmZ''' ^^^' ^'^^^^^ ' peradventure tl shall be able to overcome them, and drive againsthutt. " them out.' " i^And God said unto Balaam, "Thou shalt not go with 'Nu^23. 20. Ro. them, thou shalt not curse the people; for 'they are blessed." ^^ And Balaam rose up in the morning, and said unto the princes of Balak, " Get you into your land ; for the Lord refuseth to give me leave to go with you." ^'^ And the princes of Moab rose up, and they went unto Balak, and said, " Balaam refuseth to come with us." ^^ And Balak sent yet again princes, more, and more honorable than they. ^^And they came to Balaam, and said to him, "Thus saith ^tiwuiettedfrom, Balak thc son of Zippor, ILet nothing, I pray thee, hinder thee from '^''- coming unto me. ^"^ For I will promote thee unto very great honor, and I will do whatsoever thou sayest unto me ; come therefore, I pray thee, curse me this people." ^® And Balaam answered and said unto the servants of Balak, " If Balak would give me his house full of silver and jiKi. 2>. 14. goldj^I cannot go beyond the word of the Lord my God, to do less or more. ^^ Now therefore, I pray you, tarry ye also here this night, that I may know what the Lord will say unto me more." in his hand," and He declares to the prophet, tliat gether with the more ancient tradition of Noah, whatever he may himself wish to predict, from the never ceased to prevail in a greater or less degree desire of promotion, " only the word that I shall throughout the pagan world; until the eastern speak unto thee, that thou shalt speak." Every magi came to seek the Messiah, having seen his evidence, therefore, tliat the Israelites were the pe- star in the east. Balaam, after having announced culiar chosen people of God, separated by him from the national prosperity of the chosen people of God, the apostate Gentiles, and that patriarcliism was in the Holy Land (Numb, x.xiii. 21-24.), predicts consequently abolished, was thus afforded to the the subjugation of the nations whose princes then people of the East. From this time, except through surrounded him ; and concludes by his prophecy of the medium of God's chosen people, tlie apostate the captivity of the Jews, and the punishment of children of Noah had no intercourse with God : and their oppressors. Thus was the goodness of Provi- Balaam, with whatever reluctance, was constrained dence displayed, in permitting a Gentile prophet to by the Holy Spirit, to pronounce the inauguration declare to the Gentiles, the same truths which he of a new system, and thereby dissolve the old one. revealed to his own people by the Hebrew pro- The prophecies of Balaam, then, may be consid- phets ; which is an earnest and evidence, that all ered as the " death song of patriarchism," and at nations are interested in the mission of his Son ; the very moment when this primeval system was and that the Gentiles shall be again received into formally abrogated, God, In his mercy, gives to the God's visible Church upon earth. — Vide Witsius, Be penitent Gentiles, an assurance of a future Saviour : Prophctis et Proplirtid; Faber's Hnr(r Mosaica, vol. "Thoro =i,aii ^,^,v,o a «f=, ^„( ^f T K >• P" ^^^> ^nd followiug; Hales' Analysis, vol. ii. p. " 1 here snail come a tstar out oi Jacob, nin noA ah- r. 3 \- i ..,; . noL^of .ivt \^A„ «„^.,+>« „u 11 _• . fF 1 '• 219-2.30 ; Allix, Reflections, ch. .xi. Calmet, ait. And a bceptre shall rise out oi Israel. „ , t>- u i\t » r>\i r>^^>,;.„/.v«o -.roi : • ' Balaam ; Bishop Newton On the fropUcnes, vol. i. , It is supposed that this prophecy of the Messiah, to- and Calvin, quoted by Witsius, Misc. Sac. p. 178. 256 BALAAM GOES TO BALAK. [Period IIJ. I See 2 Ki. 6. 17. Da. 10. 7. Ac. 22. 9. 2Pe.:2. 16 m Pr. 12. 10. * Heb. who hast ridden upon me. I Or, ever since thou wast, Sf'c. nSeeGe. 21. 19. % Or, buwcd him- self. * Hcb. to be an adversary unto thee. p2Pe.2. 14, 15, ? 1 Sa. 15. 24, 30. & 26. 21. 2 Sa. 12. 13. Job 34. 31,32. f Heb. be evil in tJiine eyes. s 1 Ki. 22. 14. 2CI.. 18. 13. X Or, a city of streets. -•^ And God came unto Balaam at night, and said unto him, " If the men come to call thee, rise up, and go with them ; but yet the word which I shall say unto thee, that shalt thou do." -^ And Balaam rose up in the morning, and saddled his ass, and went with the princes of Moab. -- And God's anger was kindled because he went ; and *the Angel of the Lord stood in the way for an adversary against him. Now he was riding upon his ass, and his two servants were with him. ^^ And 'the ass saw the Angel of the Lord standing in the way, and his sword drawn in his hand : and the ass turned aside out of the way, and went into the field, and Balaam smote the ass, to turn her into the way. ^^ But the Angel of the Lord stood in a path of tiie vineyards, a wall being on this side, and a wall on that side. ^^ And when the ass saw the Angel of the Lord, she thrust herself unto the wall, and crushed Balaam's foot against the wall ; and he smote her again. ^"^ And the Angel of the Lord went further, and stood in a narrow place, where was no way to turn either to the right hand or to the left. ^" And when the ass saw the Angel of the Lord, she fell down under Balaam ; and Balaam's anger was kindled, and he smote the ass with a staff. ~^ And the Lord opened the mouth of the ass, and she said unto Balaam, '•' What have I done unto thee, that thou hast smitten me these three times ? " ^■' And Balaam said unto the ass, " Because thou hast mocked me ; I would there were a sword in my hand, '"for now would I kill thee." ^^ And the ass said unto Balaam, " Am not I thine ass, *upon which thou hast ridden fever since I was thine unto this day ? was I ever wont to do so unto thee?" And he said, " Nay." ^^Then the Lord "opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the Angel of tlie Lord standing in the way, and his sword drawn in his hand ; and he "bowed down his head, and tfell flat on his face. ^~ And the Angel of the Lord said unto him, "• Wherefore hast thou smitten thine ass these three times ? behold, I went out *to withstand thee, because thy way is ''perverse before me. ^^And the ass saw me, and turned from me these three times : unless she had turned from me, surely now also I had slain thee, and saved her alive." ^'^ And Balaam said unto the Angel of the Lord, " I 'have sinned, for I knew not that thou stoodest in the way against me ; now, therefore, if it ^displease thee, I will get me back again." ^^ And the Angel of the Lord said unto Balaam, " Go with the men ; but only the word that I shall speak unto thee, that thou shalt speak." So Balaam went with the princes of Balak. ^^ And when Balak heard that Balaam was come, ""he went out to meet him unto a city of Moab, which is in the border of Arnon, which is in the utmost coast. ^'' And Balak said unto Balaam, " Did I not earnestly send unto thee to call thee ? wherefore earnest thou not unto me? am I not able indeed to promote thee to honor ? " ^^ And Balaam said unto Balak, " Lo ! I am come unto thee, have I now any power at all to say any thing ? 'the word that God putteth in my mouth, that shall I speak." ■•'■' And Balaam went with Balak, and they came unto tKirjath- huzoth. '"And Balak offered o.xen and sheep, and sent to Balaam, and to the princes that were witli him. ^^ And it came to pass on the morrow, that Balak took Balaam, and brought him up into the 'high places of Baal, that thence he might see the utmost jiart of the people. ' And Balaam said unto Balak, ^^.^^ ^^jjj " Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here "seven oxen and seven rams." - And Balak did as Balaam had spoken ; and Balak and Balaam offered on every altar a bullock and a ram. ^ And Balaam said unto Balak, " Stand by thy burnt offering, and I will go. Part VIII.] THE PROPHECIES OF BALAAM. 257 Peradventure the Lord will come to meet me ; and whatsoever he show- Ac went soli- tary Or, he went soli- ^jj-^ ^^^ J ^yjjj jgH thee." And *he went to a high place, ' and God met Balaam. And he said unto Him, " I have prepared seven altars, and I have offered upon every altar a bullock and a ram." ^ And the Lord « De. 18. 18. Je. "put a word in Balaam's mouth, and said, " Return unto Balak, and thus thou shalt speak." ''And he returned unto him, and lo, he stood wjob27. 1.&29. by his burnt sacrifice, he, and all the princes of Moab. '''And he "took 17. a' Mic^b.^!' up his parable, and said, — Hab. 2. 6. CI Balak the king of Moab hath brought me from Aram, Out of the mountains of the East, saying, ' Come — curse me Jacob, risa. 17. 10. And comc — defy ""Israel.' y Is. 47. 12, 13. 8 }jow "shall I cursc, whom God hath not cursed ? Or how shall I defy, whom the Lord hath not defied ? ^ For from the top of the rocks I see him. And from the hills I behold him. zDe. 33.28. Lq I ^thc pcoplc shall dwcll alone, "Ex. 33. 16. And "shall not be reckoned among the nations. Ezia9. 2. Eph. ,„,,,! ; i i /• t i 2.14. ^" Who can count the dust or Jacob, *seeGe.i2.2. ^^^j ^l^g number of the fourth ^flrf of Israel? ^Heb. my scmi, Lct fme die the death of the righteous, ii6."l5.' ' '■ And let my last end be like his ! " ^^ And Balak said unto Balaam, " What hast thou done unto me ? I took thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast blessed them altogether!" ^^And he answered and said, "Must I not take heed to speak that which the Lord hath put in my mouth ? " ^^ And Balak said unto him, " Come, I pray thee, with me unto another place, from w^hence thou mayest see them, (thou shalt see but the utmost part of them, and shalt not see them all ;) and curse me them from thence." t Or, the kill. 1' And he brought him into the field of Zophim, to the top of tPis- gah, and built seven altars, and offered a bullock and a ram on every altar. ^^ And he said unto Balak, " Stand here by thy burnt offering, while I meet the Lord yonder." ^''And the Lord met Balaam, and put a word in his mouth, and said, " Go again unto Balak, and say thus." ^^ And when he came to him, behold, he stood by his burnt offering, and the princes of Moab with him. And Balak said unto him, " What hath the Lord spoken? " ^^ And he took up his parable, and said, — cjii.3. 20. "Rise "up, Balak, and hear! Hearken unto me, thou son of Zippor ! M^u%9'.ji ^^ ^^^ 'i^ "ot a man, that he should he ; . 17. Tit. 1.2. Neither the son of man, that he should repent : Hath he said — and shall he not do it ? Or hath he spoken — and shall he not make it good ? ^'^ Behold ! I have received commandment to bless : n'^m'^^^^' -^""-^ '^^ ^^^'^ blessed; and I cannot reverse it. Ro. 4. 7, 8. ^^ He ^hath not beheld iniquity in Jacob, Neither hatli he seen perverseness in Israel : ?Ex. 13. 21. The "Lord his God is with him, 'jPs. 89. 15. And ''the shout of a king is among them. ^^ God brought them out of Egypt ; '3?)''"io^'ir'^°'' ^^ h^th as it were Hhe strength of a unicorn. * ur, in. ^^ Surely there is no enchantment *against Jacob, Neither is there any divination against Israel : According to this time it shall be said of Jacob JP..31.19. & And of Israel, 'What hath God wrought! fe See Ge. 49.9. "^ Bchold ! the pcoplc shall rise up *as a great lion, VOL. I. 33 *v 258 THE PROPHECIES OF BALAAM. [Period HI. f Heb. to the meet- ing of enchant- Toents. nNu.2. 2, &c. Nu. 11. 25. 1 Sa. 10. 10. & 19.20,23. 2Ch. 15. 1. J Heb. who had his eyes shut, but now opened. p See 1 Sa. 19. 24. Ez. 1. 28. Da. 8. 18. At 10. 15, 16. 2 Co. 12. 2-4. Re. 1. 10, 17. qPs. 1.3. Je. 17. 8. r Ps. 104. 16. s Je. 51. 13. Re. 17. 1, 15. t 1 Sa. 15. 9. u 2 Sa. 5. 12. 1 Ch. 14. 2. TD Ps. 2. 9. Is. 3( 13. Je. 50. 17. I Ps. 45. 5. Jo. y Ge. 49. 9. I Ge. 12. 3. a Ez. 21.14, 17. &. 22. 13. Jos. 21. 9, 10. Ne. 13. 2. cMic. 6.5. Re.2. 14. d See Ge. 49. 1. And lift up himself as a young lion : He 'shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, And drink the blood of the slain." 2^ And Balak said unto Balaam, "■ Neither curse them at all, nor bless them at all." ^^ But Balaam answered and said unto Balak, " Told not I thee, saying, 'All "that the Lord speaketh, that I must dor' " ^"^ And Balak said unto Balaam, '• Come, I pray thee, I will bring thee unto another place ; peradventure it will please God that thou mayest curse me them from thence." ~^ And Balak brought Balaam unto the top of Peor, that looketh toward Jeshimon. -' And Balaam said unto Balak, " Build me here .seven altars, and prepare me here seven bullocks and seven rams." ^"^ And Balak did as Balaam had said, and offered a bullock and a ram on every altar. ^ And when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord to bless Nf m. xxiv. Israel, he went not, as at other times, tto seek for enchantments, but he set his face toward the wilderness. ~ And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel "abiding in his tents according to their tribes ; and "the Spirit of God came upon him, ^ and he took up his parable, and said, — " Balaam the son of Beor hath said, And the man t whose eyes are open hath said : ^ He hath said, which heard the words of God, Which saw the vision of the Almighty, Falling ''into a trance, but having his eyes open : ^ How goodly are thy tents, O Jacob ! And thy tabernacles, O Israel ! ^ As the valleys are they spread forth, As gardens by the river's side, As 'the trees of lign aloes ""which the Lord hath planted, And as cedar trees beside the waters. "^ He shall pour the water out of his buckets, And his seed shall be *in many waters. And his king shall be higher than 'Agag, And his "kingdom shall be exalted. ^ God brought him forth out of Egypt ; He hath as it were the strength of a unicorn. He shall "eat up the nations his enemies, And shall "break their bones. And ""pierce them through with his arrows. ^ He ^couched — he lay down as a lion, And as a great lion — who shall stir him up ? Blessed ""is he that blesseth thee. And cursed is he that curseth thee, ! " "^ And Balak's anger was kindled against Balaam, and he "smote his hands together ; and Balak said unto Balaam, '• I Vailed thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast altogether blessed them these three times. ^^ Therefore now flee thou to thy place ; I thought to promote thee unto great honor, but, lo ! the Lord hath kept thee back from honor." ^'^ And Balaam said unto Balak, '' Spake I not also to thy messengers which thou sentest unto me, saying, ^'-^ ' If Balak would give me his house full of silver and gold, I cannot go beyond the commandment of the Lord, to do either good or bad of mine own mind : but what the Lord saith, that will I speak ? ' ^"^ And now, behold, I go unto my people : come therefore, "and I will advertise thee what this people shall do to thy people ''in the latter days." ^^ And he took up liis parable, and said, — " Balaam the son of Beor hath said. And the man whose eyes are open hath said : Part VIIL] THE IDOLATRY OF BAAL-PEOR. 259 /Mat. 2.9. Re. 22. 16. g Ge. 49. 10. Ps. 110.2. * Or, smite through the princes of Moab. 2 Sa. 8. 2. Je. 48. 45. h 2 Sa. 8. 14. Pa. 60. 3, 9, 12. i Ge. 49. 10. f Or, the first of the nations that warred against Israel, Ex. 17.8. X Or, shall be even to destruc- tion. Ex. 17. 14. 1 Sa. 15. 3, 8. * Heb. Kain. Ge. 15. 19. t Or, How long shall it be ere ./isshur carry thee away captive ? j Ge. 10. 4. Da. 11.30. tGe. 10.21,25. ^^ He hath said, which heard the words of God, And knew the knowledge of the Most High, Which saw the vision of the Ahnighty, Falhng into a trance, but having his eyes open. ^" I 'shall see him — but not now : I shall behold him — but not nigh : There shall come -^a Star out of Jacob, And ^a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, And shall *smite the corners of Moab, And destroy all the children of Sheth. ^® And ''Edom shall be a possession, Seir also shall be a possession for his enemies; And Israel shall do valiantly. ^^ Out 'of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion, And shall destroy him that remaineth of the city." -^ And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, — " Amalek was tthe first of the nations ; But his latter end tshall be that he perish for ever." ^^ And he looked on the Kenites, and took up his parable, and said, — " Strong is thy dwelling-place, And thou puttest thy nest in a rock. ^^ Nevertheless the *Kenite shall be wasted, tUntil Asshur shall carry thee away captive." ^^And he took up his parable, and said, — " Alas, who shall live when God doeth this ! ^* And ships shall come from the coast of ^Chittim, And shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict *Eber, And he also shall perish for ever." -^ And Balaam rose up, and went and 'returned to his place : and Balak also went his way. Num. xxxiii. 48. And they departed from the mountains of Abarim, and pitched in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho. SECT. LXVIH. A. M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 1607. Abel-shittim. a Jos. 2. 1. Mic. 6.5. 6Nii. 31.16. 1 Co. 10.8. c Jos. 23. 17. Ps. 106. 28. Ho. 9. 10. d Ex. 34. 15, 16. 1 Co. 10. 20. e Ex. 20. 5. /Ps. 106. 29. g Ue. 4. 3. Jos. 22.17. h De. 13. 17. tEx. 18.21,25. i Ex. 32. 27. k Joel 2. 17. I Ps. 100. 30. Ec. 45.23. 1 Mac. 2. 54. Sect. LXVIII. The Forty-second Journey — Tlie Plains of Moab — En- campment hy Beth-jesimoth and A hcl-sliittim ; — Idolatry of Baal-Peor. Num. xxxiii. 49, and chap. xxv. Israel at Shitlim commit whoredom and idolatnj. 6 Phinehas killeth Zimri and Cozhi. 10 God therefore givcth him an everlasting priesthood. 16 The Midiaidtes are to be vexed. ''^ And they pitched by Jordan, from Beth-jesimoth even unto *AbeI- shittim in the plains of Moab. ^ And Israel abode in "Shittim, and Hhe people began to commit whoredom with the daughters of Moab. ^ And "they called the people unto ''the sacrifices of their gods ; and the people did eat, and 'bowed down to their gods. ^ And Israel joined himself unto Baal-peor ; and ^the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel. ^ And the Lord said unto Moses, " Take ^all the heads of the people, and hang them up before the Lord against the sun, ''that the fierce anger of the Lord may be turned away from Israel." ^ And Moses said unto 'the judges of Israel, " Slay 'ye every one his men that were joined unto Baal-peor." ^ And behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his brethren a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses, and in the sight of all the congregation of the children of Israel, ""who were weeping before the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ' And 'when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose up from among the congregation, and took a javelin in his hand ; ^and he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly. 260 THIRD NUMBERING OF THE PEOPLE. [Period III. * Heb. with my zeal : Bee 2 Co. 11.2. n Ex. 20. 5. 1 Ki. 14. 22. Ps. 78. 58. Ez. 16. 38. Mai. 2. 4, 5. p See 1 Ch. 6. 4, &c. q Ex. 40. 15. r Ac. 22. 3. Ro. 10.2. s He. 2. 17. t Heb. house of a father, t Nu. 31. 8. Jo8. 13. 21. uNu. 31.2. V Nu. 31. 16. Re. 2. 14. SECT. LXIX. A. M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 1607. Abel-shittim. ; Ex. 30. 12. Nu. 1. 2, 3. b Nu. 22. 1. eNu. 1.1. dGe. 46. 8. /Nu. 16.32,35. g Nu. 16. 38. See ICo. 10.6.2Pe. 2.6. h Ex. 6. 24. 1 Ch. 6.22. i Ge. 46. 10. Ex. 6. 15, Jemuel. < j ] Cli. 4. 24. Jarib. k Gc. 46. 10, Zohar. I Ge. 46. 16, Ziphion. * Or, Ezbon, Ge. 46. 16. m Ge. 46. 16, So the plague was stayed from the children of Israel. ^ And '"those that died in the plague were twenty and four thousand. ^° And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, hath turned my wrath away from the children of Israel, while he was zealous *for my sake among them, that I consumed not the children of Israel "in my jealousy. ^^ Where- fore say, "Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace. ^^ And he shall have it, and ^'his seed after him, even the covenant of 'an ever- lasting priesthood ; because he was '"zealous for his God, and ^made an atonement for the children of Israel." ^'* Now the name of the Isra- elite that was slain, even that was slain with the Midianitish woman, was Zimri, the son of Salu, a prince of a fchief house among the Sim- eonites. ^^ And the name of the Midianitish woman that was slain was Cozbi, the daughter of 'Zur ; he was head over a people, and of a chief house in Midian. ^^ And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^' " Vex "the Midianites, and smite them ; ^^ for they vex you with their "wiles, '"wherewith they have beguiled you in the matter of Peor, and in the matter of Cozbi, the daughter of a prince of Midian, their sister, which was slain in tiie day of the plague for Peor's sake." Section LXIX. The TJiird Numbering of the People. Num. xxvi. The sum of all Israel is taken in the plains of Moah. 52 The law ofdividivg among them the in- heritance of the land, bl The families and number of the Levites. GZ None were left of them which were numbered at Sinai, but Caleb and Joshua. 1 And it came to pass after the plague, that the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, saying, ^ " Take "the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, from twenty years old and upward, throughout their fathers' house, all that are able to go to war in Israel." ^ And Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them 'in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying, ^ " Take the sum of the people, from twenty years old and upward ; as the Lord 'commanded Moses and the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt." ^ Reuben, ''the eldest son of Israel : — the children of Reuben ; Hanoch, of whom cometh the ftimily of the Hanochites ; of Pallu, the family of the Palluites ; ^ of Hezron, the family of the Hezronites ; of Carmi, the family of the Carmites : ' these are the families of the Reubenites; and they that were numbered of them were forty and three thousand and seven hundred and thirty. ^ And the sons of Pallu, Eliab ; ^ and the sons of Eliab, Nemuel, and Dathan, and Abiram ; this is that Dathan and Abiram, which were 'famous in the congregation, who strove against Moses and against Aaron in the comi)any of Korah, when they strove against the Lord ; ^^ and -^the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up together with Korah, when that com- pany died, what time the fire devoured two hundred and fifty men ; ^and they became a sign. ^^ Notwithstanding ''the children of Korah died not. 12 The sons of Simeon after their families: — of 'Nemuel, the family of the Nemuclitcs; of Jamin, the family of the Jaminites ; of^Jachin, the family of tiie Jachinites ; ^^ of *Zerah, the family of the Zarhites ; of Shaul, the family of the Shaulites: ^Hhese are the families of the Simconites, twenty and two thousand and two hundred. i^The children of Gad after their families : — of 'Zephon, the family of the Zephonites ; of Haggi, the family of the Haggitcs ; of Shuni, the family of the Shunites ; ^^^ of *Ozni, the family of the Oznites ; of Eri, the family of the Erites ; I'of'Arod, the family of the Arodites ; of Part VIII.] THIRD NUMBERING OF THE PEOPLE. 261 <, Ge. 38. 2, &c. 1 Ch. 2. 3. p Ge. 46. 13. 1 Ch. 7. 1. t Or, Plmvah. X Or, Job. sios. 17. 1. 1 Ch. 7. U, 15. t Called, Miezer, Jos. 17. 2. Ju. 6. 11, 24, 34. V 1 Ch. 7. 20, Bered. I Ge 46. 21, Ehi. 1 Ch. 8. 1, Aha- rah. yGe. 46.2), Muppim and Hiippim. z 1 Ch. 8. 3, Addar. a Ge. 46. 23. * Or, Ilushitn. Aieli, the family of the Arelites : ^^ these are the famiUes of the chil- dren of Gad according to those that were numbered of them, forty- thousand and five hundred. ^•' The "sons of Judah were Er and Onan ; and Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. ~° And "the sons of Judah after their families were ; of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites ; of Pharez, the family of the Pha- rezites ; of Zerah, the family of the Zarhites : "^ and the sons of Pharez were, of Hezron, the family of the Hezronites ; of Haniul, the family of the Hamulites : -^ these are the families of Judah according to those that were numbered of them, threescore and si.xteen thousand and five hundred. ^^ Of ^the sons of Issachar after their families : — of Tola, the family of the Tolaites ; of tPua, the family of the Punites ; ~'^ of t Jashub, the family of the Jashubites ; of Shimron, the family of the Shimronites : -^ these are the families of Issachar according to those that were num- bered of them, threescore and four thousand and three hundred. -•^ Of 'the sons of Zebulun after their families : — of Sered, the family of the Sardites ; of Elon, the family of the Elonites ; of Jahleel, the family of the Jahleelites : ^^ these are the families of the Zebulunites according to those that were numbered of them, threescore thousand and five hundred. ^^ The '"sons of Joseph after their families were Manasseh and Ephraim. -^ Of the sons of Manasseh : — of 'Machir, the family of the Machirites ; and Machir begat Gilead ; of Gilead come the family of the Gileadites. ^° These are the sons of Gilead : of 'Jeezer, the family of the Jeezerites ; of Helek, the family of the Helekites ; ^^ and of x\sriel, the family of the Asrielitcs ; and of Shechem, the family of the She- chemites ; ^~ and of Shemida, the family of the Shemidaites ; and of Hepher, the family of the Hepherites. ^^ And "Zelophehad tiie son of Hepher had no sons, but daughters ; and the names of the daughters of Zelophehad were Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah : ^'^ these are the families of Manasseh, and those that were numbered of them, fifty and two thousand and seven hundred. ^^ These are the sons of Ephraim after their families : — of Shuthelah, the family of the Shuthalhites ; of "Becher, the family of the Bachrites ; of Tahan, the family of the Tahanites : ^^and these are the sons of Shuthelah; of Eran, the family of the Eranites: ^7 these are the families of the sons of Ephraim according to those that were numbered of them, thirty and two thousand and five hundred : these are the sons of Joseph after their families. ^^The '"sons of Benjamin after their families: — of Bela, the family of the Belaites ; of Ashbel, the family of the Ashbelites ; of ""Ahiram, the family of the Ahiramites ; ^^ of ^Shupham, the family of the Shuphamites ; of Hupham, the family of the Huphamites : '^^ and the sons of Bela were 'Ard and Naaman ; of Ard, the family of the Ardites ; and of Naaman, the family of the Naamanites : ^Uhese are the sons of Benjamin after their families ; and they that were numbered of them were forty and five thousand and six hundred. ■*■- These "are the sons of Dan after their families : — of *Shuham, the family of the Shuhamites : these are the families of Dan after their families: "^^all the families of the Shuhamites, according to those that were numbered of them, were threescore and four thousand and four hundred. ^^ Of 'the children of Asher after their families : — of Jimna, the family of the Jimnites ; of Jesui, the family of the Jesuites ; of Beriah, the family of the Beriites : ^^ of the sons of Beriah ; of Heber, the fam- ily of the Heberites ; of Malchiel, the family of the Malchielites : '^^ and 262 THE LAW OF INHERITANCE. [Period III. d 1 Ch. 7. 13, Shallum. t See Nu. 1. 46. /Jos. 11. 23. & 14. 1. (■ Heb. multiply his inheritance. Nu. 33. 54. t Heb. diminish his inheritance, g Nu. 34. 13. Jos. 11. 23. &. 14. 2. AGe. 46. 11. Ex. 6. 16-19. 1 Ch. 6. 1, 16. j See Ex. 6. 23. iLc. 10. 1,2. Xu. 3. 4. 1 Ch. 24. 2. I See Nu. 3. 39. m Nu. I. 49. nNu. 16.20,23, 24. Nu. i. De. 2. 14, 15. p \u. 14. 23, 29. 1 Co. ID. 5, 6. q Nu. 14. 30. SECT. LXX. A. M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 1607. Abel-shittim 3 Nu. 23. 33. Jc 17.3. ;Nu. 16. 1,2. the name of the daughter of Asher was Sarah : "*" these are the famihes of the sons of Asher according to those that were numbered of them ; who were fifty and three thousand and four hundred. ^^ Of 'the sons of Naphtali after their famihes : — of Jahzeel, the family of the Jahzeelites ; of Guni, the family of the Gunites ; ^^ of Jezer, the family of the Jezerites ; of ''Shillem, the family of the Shillemites : '"^ these are the families of Naphtali according to their families ; and they that were numbered of them were forty and five thousand and four hundred. ^^ These 'were the numbered of the children of Israel, si.\ hundred thousand and a thousand seven hundred and thirty. '"- And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, ^^ " Unto •'"these the land shall be divided for an inheritance according to the number of names. ^* To many thou shalt fgive the more inheritance, and to few thou shalt tgive the less inheritance ; to every one shall his inheritance be given according to those that were numbered of him. '"^ Notwithstand- ing the land shall be "divided by lot ; according to the names of tiie tribes of their fathers they shall inherit. ^*^ According to the lot shall the possession thereof be divided between many and few." ^' And '' these are they that were numbered of the Levites after their families. Of Gershon, the family of tiie Gershonites ; of Kohath, the family of the Kohathites ; of Merari. the family of the Merarites. •''^ These are the families of the Levites ; the family of the Libnites, the family of the Hebronites, the family of the Mahlites, the family of the Mushites, the family of the Korathites. And Kohath begat Am- ram. ^^ And the name of Amram's wife was 'Jochebed, the daughter of Levi, whom her mother bare to Levi in Egypt ; and she bare unto Amram, Aaron and Moses, and Miriam their sister. ^^ And ^unto Aaron was born Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. '^^ And *Nadab and Abihu died, when they offered strange fire before the Lord. ^~ And 'those that were numbered of them were twenty and three thousand, all males from a month old and upward ; ""for they v.ere not numbered among the children of Israel, because there was "no inheritance given them among the children of Israel. ^'^ These are they that were numbered by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the children of Israel in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho. ^^ But "among these there was not a man of them whom ]^Ioses and Aaron the priest numbered, when they numbered the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai. ^^ For the Lord had said of them, '• They ''shall surely die in the wilderness." And there was not left a man of them, 'save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun. Section LXX. Tlie Daiis^htrrs of Zdnphehad sue for an Inheritance; — The IjOW of Inheritance. Num. xxvii. 1-11, and xx.wi. 1-12. Chap, xxxvi. 1 The inconvenience of the inheritance ofdauglders 5 is remedied by marrying in their own tribe.!'ez.Ii'.2o; ^^ '^ "ot in "Rabbath of the children of Ammon ? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man. X Jos. 12. 2. 12 a ^^^ j-j^jg jg^j^ j^ which WO posscsscd at that time, ""from Aroer, which '■'i2.";.^^' ^^" ^*"' i^ ^y *'^^ "ver Arnon, and half Mount Gilead, ^and the cities thereof, z Jos. 13. 29. gave I unto the Reubenites and to the Gadites. ^^ And ''the rest of Gilead, and all Bashan, being the kingdom of Og, gave I unto the half tribe of Manasseh ; all the region of Argob, with all Bashan, which a 1 ch. 2. 22. ^vas Called the land of giants. ^^ Jair "the son of Manasseh took all the country of Argob Hmto the coasts of Geshuri and Maachathi ; and "called them after his own name, Bashan-havoth-jair, unto this day. ^^ And ''I gave Gilead unto Machir. ^^ And unto the Reubenites 'and unto the Gadites I gave from Gilead even unto the river Arnon half /Nu.21.24. the valley, and the border even unto the river Jabbok, Avhich is the border of the children of Ammon; ^'''the plain also, and Jordan, and if"' lis' the coast thereof, from "Chinnereth ''even unto the sea of the plain, iGe.14.3. 'even the Salt Sea, *under Ashdoth-pisgah eastward. * Or, under tiw 18 " And I Commanded you at that time, saying, ' The Lord your God springs of Pui- ii- t-ii •iii ii^- ga!i, ot, the hill, natn given you this land to possess it: ^ye shall pass over armed before 1 «"u^^' ^''' /"'■ your brethren the children of Israel, all that are tmeet for the war. t Heb. soHS «/ iqT->. • , i-i i i/rri i poioer. '^ But your Wives, and your little ones, and your cattle, (tor 1 know that ye have much cattle), shall abide in your cities which I have given you, until the Lord have given rest unto your brethren, as well as un- to you, and until they also possess the land which the J^ord your God fc Jos. 22.4. i^g^j-j giygj^ them beyond Jordan ; and then shall ye ''return every man unto his possession, which I have given you.' iNa. 27. 18. 21 ic ^,^^j /J Commanded Joshua at that time, saying, ' Thine eyes have seen all that the Lord your God hath done unto these two kings ; so VOL. I. X t Nu. 27. 18, 23. DLe .19 37 & 20. 8. &22 31. De 5. 1 . & Ez. 20. 11. Ro. 10. 5. VI De. 19 .32. Jos 1.7 .Pr 30 . 6. Ec. 12. 13. Re. 22. 18, 19. zNu .25 4, &c. Jos 22. 17. Ps. 278 MOSES' SPEECH, REHEARSING [Period HI. shall the Lord do unto all the kingdoms whither thou passest. ^aye mEx,i4. 14. shall not fear them ; "'for the Lord your God he shall fight for you.' «gS|e 2 Co. 12. 23 ^^^j "J besought the Lord at that time, saying, ^^ ' O Lord God ! thou oDe.11.2. hast begun to show thy servant "thy greatness, and thy mighty hand ; '«^^* ^.^" D ^^"i for ^'what God is there in heaven or in earth, that can do according to & lo. U. Ps. 71. • 1 o- T 1 1 19. & 89. 6,8. thy works, and according to thy might? "^■' 1 pray thee, let me go over, jEx. 3. 8. and see 'tlie good land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, '■Nu. 20j^i2.^jc and Lebanon.' -"^ But the Lord 'was wroth with me for your sakes, and 32! * * " would not hear me ; and the Lord said unto me, ' Let it suffice thee-; «Nu.27. 12. speak no more unto me of this matter. -"Get "thee up into the top of XOi,tiiehiu. tPisgah, and lift up thine eyes westward, and northward, and south- w^ard, and eastward, and behold it with thine eyes ; for thou shalt not go over this Jordan. ~^ But 'charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him ; for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.' ^'^ So we abode in "the valley over against Beth-peor. ^ " Now therefore hearken, O Israel ! unto "the statutes and Deut. iv. unto the judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and possess the land which the Lord God of your fathers giveth you. ~ Ye '"shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the Lord your God which I command you. ^ Your eyes have seen what the Lord did because of "^Baal-peor ; for all the men that followed Baal-peor, the Lord thy God hath destroyed them from among you. '^ But ye that did cleave unto the Lord your God are alive every one of you this day. ^ Behold, I have taught you statutes and judgments, even as the Lord my God commanded me, that ye should do so in the land whither ye go to possess it. ^ Keep y See Job 28. 28. therefore and do them ; for this is ''your wisdom and your understand- ing in the sight of the nations, which shall hear all these statutes, and say. Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people ! ''' For j2Sa.7. 23. *what nation is there so great, who hath "God so nigh unto them, as "la&Hs! hMs! the Lord our God is in all tilings that we call upon him for ? ^ And what ^- ^- nation is there so great that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day ? '-"Only take heed to jpr. 4.23. thyself, ''and keep thy soul diligently, 'lest thou forget the things which c^Pr. 3. 1, 3. & 4. j.j^j,-,g gygg j^jjyg sGen, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days dSeeGe. 18. 19. of thy life; but ''teach them thy sons, and thy sons' sons. '° Specially e Ex. 19. 9, 16. & 'the day that thou stoodest before the Lord thy God in Horeb, when 18', 19'. ^' "" the Lord said unto me, ' Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live upon the earth, and that they may teach their chil- /Ex. 19. 18. De. drcu.' ^^ And ye came near and stood under the mountain ; and -^the *Heh. heart. mountain burned with fire unto the *midst of heaven, with darkness, g De. 5. 4, 22. clouds, and thick darkness. ^^ And ^the Lord spake unto you out of the midst of the fire : ye heard the voice of the words, but saw no simili- ^Heh. save a ^^jg . fonlv vc hcard a voice. ^-^ And ''he declared unto you his cove- votce, L.X. 20. 22. ^ J J •' iKi. 19. ]:>. nant, which he commanded you to perform, even 'ten conuuandments ; *Ex 34%^' and^he wrote them upon two tables of stone. '^ And *the Lord com- i Ex! 24! 12! & manded me at that time to teach you statutes and judgments, that ye might do them in the land whither ye go over to possess it. ^^ " Take 'ye therefore good heed unto yourselves, (for ye saw no ^^ jg manner of "'similitude on the day that the Lord spake unto you in rEx.33.7." Horeb out of the midst of the fire ;) "^Icst "ye corrupt yourselves, and Ex. 20. 4, .5. "make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure, ''the likeness pRo. 1.23. ^j. ^j^^ig ^j. fg,',^j^]g^ nthg likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that fiietli in the air, ^Hhc likeness of any fcEx. 21. l.&cl xxii.fc ch.xxii Z Jos. 23. 11. Part VIIL] THE HISTORY OF THE ISRAELITES. 279 thing that creepeth on the ground, the hkeness of any fish that is in ^fob3i%c<'-v' ^'^^ waters beneath the earth ; ^'^ and lest thou 'lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even "^fe.'&.'luf!'^'' '^aJI the host of heaven, shouldestbe driven to 'worsliip them, and serve sRo.i.25. them, which the Lord thy God hath tdivided unto all nations under M^Ki'nri ^'^^ ^^'^^^® heaven, ^o But the Lord hath taken you, and 'brought you 11.4. "^ ' "' forth out of the iron furnace, even out of Egypt, "to be unto him a a See Ge. 17. 8. people of inheritance, as ye are this day. t)Nu. 20. 12. 21 u Furthermore 'the Lord was angry with me for your sakes, and sware that I should not go over Jordan, and that I should not go in unto that good land, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inherit- »see2Pe.i.i3- ^,-,pg . 22 ^ut '1 must die in this land, I must not go over Jordan ; but ye shall go over, and possess that good land. ^^Take heed unto your- selves, lest ye forget the covenant of the Lord your God, which he made X Ex. 20. 4, 5. vvith you, ^and make you a graven image, or the likeness of any thing, ^J.'i4%Y.'i2!' which the Lord thy God hath forbidden thee. ^^ For '•'the Lord thy 29- God is a consuming fire — even "a jealous God ! 42! 8. "■ ^" "'"' When thou shalt beget children, and children's children, and ye shall have remained long in the land, and shall corrupt yourselves, and a2Ki. 17. 17, make a graven image, or the likeness of any thing, "and shall do evil i De. 30. 18, 19. in the sight of the Lord thy God, to provoke him to anger; ~^l 'call 6.2.' ' '°" heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from of}' the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it ; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be de- £ Le. 26. 33. De. of rr^vcrl 27 1.8. dDe. 23. 64. 1 Sa. 26. 19. Je. 16. 13. e Ps. 115. 4, 5, 62, 64. Ne. stroycd. ^'^ And the Lord 'shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the Lord shall lead you. ^s And ''there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and stone, 'which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell. -^ But is'44!^9.V' -^if from thence thou shalt seek the Lord thy God, thou shalt find him, fhe'^^r. 39 40 ^^ ^^^^" ^^^^ ^""^ ^'""'^ ^^^ ^'^y '^^^*'* ^"^ W'^h all thy soul. ^^^ When thou De! 30.' 1,2, 3! art in tribulation, and all these things *are come upon thee, even "in h%W,%te!7. the latter days, if thou 'turn to the Lord thy God, and shalt be obedient Je. 29 12-14. u„to his voicc, =^1 (for the Lord thy God is 'a merciful God,) he will * Heo. nave found rii -ii i /. /-i thee. Ex. 18. 8. uot torsakc thcc, neither destroy thee, nor forget the covenant of thy fseeGe^49. 1. fathers wliicli he sware unto them. A Joel 2. 12^ ^ 32 a p^^^. ;^s,j. j^q^ ^f ^j-,g ^^^^ ^j^^j ^^.^ p^^^^ which wcrc bcforc thee, since the day that God created man upon the earth, and ask *from the one side of heaven unto the other, whether there hath been any such thing as this great thing is, or hath been heard like it ? ^^ Did jEx.24.n.&33. 'ever people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as thou hast heard, and live ? ^^ Or hath God assayed to go and take him a nation from the midst of another nation, "'by temptations, Ex.7. 3. "by signs, and by wonders, and by war, and "by a mighty hand, and "IxeV' ^^^ ^ stretched-out arm, 'and by great terrors, according to all that 5 Do. 25. 8. &34. the Lord your God did for you in Egypt before your eyes ? ^^ Unto thee ^■^- it was showed, that thou mightest know that the Lord he is God ; ''2°2. Is! 45/.5^*' 'there is none else besides him. ^^ Out 'of heaven he made thee to hear 29' 32' ^^^' ^^' ^^^ voice, that he might instruct thee : and upon earth he showed thee sEx. 19. 9, 19. & his great fire ; and thou heardest his words out of the midst of the fire. ^^ And because 'he loved thy fathers, therefore he chose their seed after them, and "brought thee out in his sight with his mighty power out 7^i?& 9.", ^^ ^o.ypt ; ^^ fo "diive out nations from before thee greater and mightier than thou art, to bring thee in, to give thee their land for an inheritance, as it is this day. ^^ " Know therefore this day, and consider it in thy heart, that "the Lord he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath : there is none else. '^^ Thou ""shalt keep therefore his statutes, and his command- t 2 Ch. 30. 9. N 9.31. Ps. 116.5 Jonah 4. 2. j Job 8. 8. k Mat. 24. 31. 20. 771 De. 7. 19. & ,3. 20. 18,23. & 24 16. He. 12. 18. t De. 10. 15. iDe. 7. 1.& 4,5 280 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period IIL "a^isVia^as' "^^^^s, which I command thee this day, "that it may go well with thee, 6.3. SEC. LXXVIII. A. .M. 2.i53. B. C. 1451. 11a LE9, 1607. Abel-shittim. aNu . 35. 6, 14. 2>De. 19.4. CJ03. .20.8. 22.7. Ep. and with thy children after thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days upon the earth, which the Lord thy God giveth thee, for ever." Sect. LXXVIII. 3Ioses appoints three Cities of Refuge. Deut. iv. 41, to the aid. *^ Then Moses "severed three cities on this side Jordan toward the sun rising ; •*- that 'the slayer might flee thither, which should kill his neigh- bour unawares, and hated him not in times past ; and that fleeing unto one of these cities he might live : "*^ namely, "Bezer in the wilderness, in the plain country, of the Reubenites ; and Ramoth in Gilead, of the Gadites ; and Golan in Bashan, of the Manassites. '^^ And this is the law which Moses set before tlie children of Israel. '^^ These are the testimonies, and the statutes, and the judgments, which Moses spake unto the children of Israel, after they came forth out of Egypt, ■*'^on this side Jordan, ''in the valley over against Belh-peor, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon, whom ^''- Moses and the children of Israel 'smote, after they were come forth /nJ.21.35. De. out of Egypt. ^^ And they possessed his land, and the land -^of Og king "*■ "^' ■*■ of Bashan, two kings of the Amorites, which were on this side Jordan g De. 2. 36. &. 3. tovvard the sun rising ; '*'^ from ° Aroer, which is by the bank of the river h De. 3. 9. Pg. Amou, cvcn unto Mount Sion, which is ''Hermon, '*'•' and all the plain on this side Jordan eastward, even unto the sea of the plain, under the 'springs of Pisgah. SECT. LXXix. Section LXXIX. Moses' Speech continued; — Repetition of the Moral Law ; — His Exhortation to Obedience. A. M. 2553. T^ , . B. C. 1451. ^^"^- ^- ""'^ ^'- Hales 1607 -^''^ covenant in Horeb. 6 The ten comma7idinents. 22 At the people's request Moses receiveth the ' ' laio from God. — Chap. vi. Tlie end of the law is obedience. Z An exhortation thereto. — " ^ And Moses called all Israel, and said unto them, " Hear, O Israel ! the statutes and judgments which I speak in your ears this day, that ye * Heb. keep to Oo may Icam them, and *keep, and do them. ^ The "Lord our God made o'eTocI 19 5 ^ covenant with us in Horeb. ^ The Lord 'made not this covenant with J See Mat. 13.17. our fathcis, but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive this day. He. 8. 9. 4 'pj^Q 'Lord talked with you face to face in the mount out of the midst 'iio^'m.' ' ' of the fire, ^(I ''stood between the Lord and you at that time, to show d Ex. 20. 21. Gal. jq^ ^h^ word of the Lord ; for 'ye were afraid by reason of the fire, and eEx. 19. 16. went not up into the mount ;) saying, — /See Ge. 17. 8. i 6 a c J /^^^ ^j^g LoRD thy God, which brought thee out of the land of t Heb. servants. Egrypt fj-Qm the housc of tbondagc. " Thou "shall have none other gods g Ex. 20. 3. , 'V before me. A Ex. 20. 4. 8a; xhou ''shalt not make thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or or that is in the waters beneath the earth. '•* Thou shalt not bow down tiiyself unto them, nor serve them ; for I the Lord thy God am a jeal- i Ex. 34. 7. ous God, 'vi.siting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the j.To. 32. 18. Da. third and fourth generation of them that hate me, ^'^ and 'showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments. k Ex. 20. 7. Lo. 11 " ' Thou ''shalt not take the name of the Lord thv God in vain ; for 19 ]■'* Mat 5 . ' . . 33! the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. I Ex. 20. 8. 12" 'Keep 'the Sabbath day to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath mSeeGu.2. 2. commanded thee. ^^ Six "'days thou shalt labor, and do all thy work: i"* but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God : in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates ; that thy man- nDe. 15. 15. servant and thy maidservant may rest as well as thou. ^^And "re- e Nu. 21. 24 1.4. 133. 3, t De. 3, Part VIII.] " REHEARSING THE MORAL LAW. 281 member that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched-out arm : therefore the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the Sabbath day. i r^ i i .1 n Ex. 20. 12. Le. !« '" Houor "thy father and thy mother, as the Lord thy God liatli s'c^i.^a'ao"-^' commanded thee ; that thy days maybe prolonged, and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. P Ex. 20. 13. 17 u i ^[loxx ''shalt not kill. 'i8:''-2o.°'/al?2. n: ^^ " ' Neither 'shalt thou commit adultery. r Ex. 20. 15. 19 '" Neither '^shalt thou steal. ^ Ex. 20. 16, 20 a c Neither 'shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour. t Ex. 20. 17. 21 u c Neither 'shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, neither shalt thou covet thy neighbour's house, his field, or his manservant, or his maid- servant, his o.x, or his ass, or any thing that is thy neighbour's.' 22 " These words the Lord spake unto all your assembly in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, B Ex. 24. 12. vvith a great voice : and he added no more. And "he wrote them in ,, Ex. 20. 18, 19. two tables of stone, and delivered them unto me| ^^ And "it came to pass, when ye heard the voice out of the midst of the darkness, (for the mountain did burn with fire,) that ye came near unto me, even all the heads of your tribes, and your elders ; -"'and ye said, ' Behold, the ,.Ex.i9. 19. Loj^o our God hath showed us his glory and his greatness, and '"we have heard his voice out of the midst of the fire : we have seen this xsee Ge. 32. 30. Jay that God doth talk with man, and he "liveth. ^^ Now therefore why X Heb. add to should wc die ? for this great fire will consume us : if we thear the voice kear. De. 18. 16. ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^j^^^^ ^^^ ^^^jj ^j^^ oc p^j. ^J^^ Jg t^Cre of all flesh, that hath heard the voice of the living God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as we have, and lived ? ^' Go thou near, and SjI ^- |o- 19- "«• hear all that the Lord our God shall say ; and 'speak thou unto us all tliat the Lord our God shall speak unto thee, and we will hear it, and do it.' 28" And the Lord heard the voice of your words, when ye spake unto me ; and the Lord said unto me, 'I have heard the voice of the words zDe.18.17. of this people, which they have spoken unto thee. "'They have well "sV^'if ■ il' J'' sai*^ ^^^ t'^^t t''®y ^^^'^ spoken— '^'J O "that there were such a heart m m. Mat. 23. 37. them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever ! ^o Go say to them. Get you into your tents again, ^i But as for thee, stand 6 Gal. 3. 19. thou here by me, 'and I will speak unto thee all the commandments, and the statutes, and the judgments, which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them in the land which I give them to possess it.' ^2 Ye shall observe to do therefore as the Lord your God hath commanded cDe. 17.20. .los. you ; 'yc shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left. ^^ Ye shall d De' fo'' P.\. walk in ''all the ways which the Lord your God hath commanded you, iig.'o ■je:"7.23. tliat ye may live, and that it may be well with you, and that ye may Luke 1. tj. .' , • 1 1 1 1 • 1 I, II prolong your days in the land which ye shall possess, e De. 12. 1. 1 " Now thcsc are 'the commandments, the statutes, and the I^^ut. vi. judgments, which the Lord your God commanded to teach * ueh. pass over, you, that yo might do them in the land whither ye *go to possess it; /E|-20- 20.^ P^. 2 that ^thou mightest fear the Lord thy God, to keep all his statutes, and 13-' ' "' "' his commandments, which I command thee, thou, and thy son, and thy g pr. 3. 1, 2. son's son, all the days of thy life ; ^and that thy days may be prolonged. A Ge.^15. 5. 3 ,, jj^^^. therefore, O Israel ! and observe to do it ; that it may be well jis^42. 8. Ma,k with thcc, and that ye may increase mightily, ''as the Lord God of thy „.„.. '■ '"''"' fathers hath promised thee, in Hhe land that floweth with milk^ and iDe.'io. 12. Wat. houcy. '^ Hear, ^O Israel ! The Lord our God is one Lord ; ^ and Hhou shalt love the Lord thy God 'with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, 22. 37. J 2 Ki. 23.25. VOL, I. :]() *x 282 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED ; [Period IIL mDe. 1 37. 31. 19.51.7. pf's^s" ^"*^ ^^^^^ ^"^ *'^y iiiigl't- ^ And "'these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in thy heart; "and "thou shalt fteach them dilifjently ''e^p!*6*^4; ^^' ^^' unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thy t Heb. whet, or, housc, and wheu thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, /Er'ilg, 16. ^""^ vvhen thou risest up. ^And "thou shalt bind them for a sign upon Pr/3_.3. &(i.'->i. thy hand, and they shall be as frontlets between thine eyes. ^ And p Do. n. 20. Is. ''thou shalt write them upon the posts of thy house, and on thy gates. 57- s- ~^' '■ 10 " And it shall be, when the Lord thy God shall liave brought thee 5 See Ge. 12. 7. -^^^^ y^j^^ j^^^^ which he swarc unto thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, rJo9. 24. 13. Ps. and to Jacob, to give thee great and goodly cities, '^which thou build- loo. 44. ^^jgj^ ^^^^ 11 ^^^^ houses full of all good things, which thou filledst not, and wells digged, which thou diggedst not, vineyards and olive trees, which thou plantedst not ; when thou shalt have eaten and be full ; ^^ then beware lest thou forget the Lord, which brought thee forth out ^o"tcr«a«lr"' of the land of Egypt, from the house of tbondage. ^^Thou shalt Tear sDe. 10. 12,20. the LoRD thy God, and serve him, and 'shalt swear by his name. ^"^ Ye tPs^'es n I. shall not "go after other gods, "of the gods of the people which are 45!'23."je."4."2. rouud about you, 1^ (for "the Lord thy God is a jealous God among IdI' ?3^7' y®^ •) ^^^^^ *'^® anger of the Lord thy God be kindled against thee, and joEx. 20. 5. destroy thee from oft' the face of the earth. zDe. 11.17. ly Ye ^shall not tempt the Lord your God, ^as ye tempted him in l^^\y'l\ Massah. ^'^ Ye shall "diligently keep the commandments of the Lord Nu.'2o.3,4'. I'co. your God, and his testimonies, and his statutes, which he hath com- aDe?'ii. 13,22. mauded thee. ^^ And thou 'shalt do that which is right and good in the sight of the Lord ; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest go in and possess the good land which the Lord sware unto thy fathers, Nu. 33. 52, 53. i9|.q "^castout all thiuo enemies from before thee, as the Lord hath spoken. ^°"And ''when thy son asketh thee *in time to come, saying. What mean the testimonies, and the statutes, and the judgments, which the Lord our God hath commanded you ? ^^ Then thou shalt say unto thy son. We were Pharaoh's bondmen in Egypt ; and the Lord brought us out of Egypt 'with a mighty hand. 2~ And -'^the Lord showed signs and wonders, great and tsore, upon Egypt, upon Pharaoh, and upon all his household, before our eyes ; ^^ and he brought us out from thence, \neb. evil. that he might bring us in, to give us the land which he sware unto our fathers. ~^ And the Lord commanded us to do all these statutes, to ^3!;*.''7,^8; j!!: 32I' fear the Lord our God, "for our good always, that 'he might preserve '•^'•'- us alive, as it is at this day. -^ And 'it shall be our righteousness, if we 'ps?4i.'2.Lu.io! observe to do all these commandments before the Lord our God, as ■^'unn ,A he hath commanded us. t Job 29. 14. Section LXXX. 3Ioscs' Speech continued ; — Alliances with foreign Na- SECT. LXXX. tions forbidden ; — His Exhortation. Deut. vii. and viii. All communion with the nations is forbidden, ^forfearofidolatnj, & for the holiness of the people. D. y.. n,)i. 2 for the nature of God in his mercy and justice, M for the assuredness of rictory ichich God ivitl lUuts, 1G07. g^^.g g^gi. iiiem, — C\\di\i. viii. An exhortation to obedience in regard of God's dealing with them. Abei-sMttim. , ,, WuKN the "LoRD thy God shall bring thee into the land whither 0P9. 44.2,3. thou goest to possess it, and hath cast out many nations before thee, JGe. 15. ' " - - . . . . ^ c De. 4. 38. d De. 23. 14. Ps. 119. 4. b E.\. 15. 26, d Ev. 13. 14. * Heb. to-morrow. e Ex. 3. 19. /Ex. vii.toxii. Ps. 135. 9. M. 2553. B. C. 14.) I 19, &c. (the ''Hittites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Canaan- ^. .... ^^^^' '^"^ ^'^^ Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, seven na- Le. 27.28, 29. tious 'greater and mightier than thou ;) -and when the Lord thy God 2o"'iMr'j^t shall 'deliver them before thee, thou shalt smite them, and 'utterly c- 17. '^ 8j^24^& destroy them ; ^thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor show 40. &J1. li.'i-y mercy unto thein. ^ Neither ^shalt thou make marriages with them; ^Do.'^.'m,^?. thy daughter thou shalt not give unto Iiis son, nor liis daughter shalt g- Jos. 2.3. 1-2. thou take unto thy son. "* For they will turn away thy son from follow- B^rag.^'s^" i»g me, that they may serve other gods ; so will the anger of the Lord *Heb.; pillars i See Ge. 17. 8, k De. 10. I Ex. 32. 13. Ps, 105. 8, 9, 10. Luke 1. 55, 72. Part VIII.] ALLIANCES WITH NATIONS FORBIDDEN. 2S3 be kindled against you, and destroy tliee suddenly. ^ But thus shall ye A Ex. -23. 21. deal with them ; ye shall ''destroy their altars, and break down their tatues,or, *iniages, and cut down their groves, and burn their graven images with fire. ^ For 'thou art a holy people unto the Lord thy God ; the Lord thy God hath chosen thee to be a special people unto himself, above all people that are upon the face of the earth. ' The Lord did not set his love upon you, nor choose you, because ye were more in number j De. 10. 23. than any people, (for ye were ^ the fewest of all people ;) ^ but ^because the Lord loved you, and because he would keep 'the oath which he had sworn unto your fathers, "hath the Lord brought you out with a '3"." ' "' mighty hand, and redeemed you out of the house of bondmen, from m Ex. 13. 3, 14. tjjg hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt. '-^ Know therefore that the Lord "1.^9. & 10. IS.*"' thy God, he is God, "the faithful God, "which keepeth covenant and 1 Thes!"5.^24. nicrcy with them that love him and keep his commandments to a ~ Tinf -^^'il thousand generations, ^° and ^repayeth them that hate him to their face. He. 11.11. iJo. to destroy them: 'he will not be slack to him that hateth him, he will Ex. 20. 6. repay him to his face. ^^ Thou shalt therefore keep the commandments, »is^59. 18. Na. and the statutes, and the judgments, which I command thee this day, q De. 32. 35. tO do them. r Le. 26. 3. 12 u WThereforc '^it shall come to pass, tif ye hearken to these judgments, t e . ecaace. ^^^ keep, and do them, that the Lord thy God shall keep unto thee the covenant and the mercy which he sware unto thy fathers ; ^^ and sjohn 14.21. he will "love thee, and bless thee, and multiply thee ; 'he will also bless tDe.28. 4. ^j^g jPj.^j^ q^ jj^y womb, and the fruit of thy land, thy corn, and thy wine, and thine oil, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep, in the land which he sware unto thy fathers to give thee. ^^ Thou u Ex. 23. 26, &:c. shalt be blessed above all people ; "there shall not be male or female barren among you, or among your cattle. ^^ And the Lord will take ''Ex. 9. 14. & 15. away from thee all sickness, and will put none of the "evil diseases of Egypt, which thou knowest, upon thee ; but will lay them upon all them that hate thee. ^''" And thou shalt consume all the people which the Lord thy God jcDe. 13. 6. ghall deliver thee, "thine eye shall have no pity upon them; neither ^^Ex.23. 33. Ps. shalt thou serve their gods, for that will be ""a snare unto thee. ^'''If thou shalt say in thy heart, These nations are more than I ; how can I ''f!"'of".^^' ^dispossess them ? ^^Thou ""shalt not be afraid of them, but shalt well "remember what the Lord thy God did unto Pharaoh, and unto all Egypt ; ^^ the great temptations which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonders, and the mighty hand, and the stretched-out arm, whereby the Lord thy God brought thee out : so shall the Lord thy * Ex. 23. 28. Jos. Qod do unto all the people of whom thou art afraid. '^^ Moreover Hhe Lord thy God will send the hornet among them, until they that are left, and hide themselves from thee, be destroyed. ^^ Thou shalt not be '^Nu.^11.20. Jos. affrighted at them; for the Lord thy God 'is among you, ''a mighty dDe. 10. 17. Ne. God and terrible! "-And 'the Lord thy God will tput out those na- e Ex 23 29 30 ^ions bcforc thee by little and little ; thou mayest not consume them at t Heb. pluck off. once, lest the beasts of the field increase upon thee. --^ But the Lord *facf\-efT '*^ ^^7 ^^^ ^^^^^ deliver them *unto thee, and shall destroy them with a /Jos! 10. 24, 25, mighty destruction, until they be destroyed. ^'^And ^he shall deliver ^Ex*^if 14^*^ their kings into thy hand, and thou shalt destroy their name ^from ADe. 11.25. Jos. uudcr hcavcu ; ''there shall no man be able to stand before thee, until .^•^- ^ thou have destroyed them. ^^The graven images of their gods 'shall ye *i ch. 14. li. burn with fire ; thou -'shalt not desire the silver or gold that is on them, ■'a Mac'. 12^40. "°'" ^^^^ ^^ ^"^*^ thee, lest thou be ^snared therein ; for it is 'an abomination ftju. 8. 27. zep. to the LoRD thy God. ^"^ Neither shall thou bring an abomination into thy house, lest thou be a cursed thing like it ; but thou shalt utterly detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it, '"for it is a cursed thing. iDe. 31. 6. a Ps. 105. 5, 1.3 ZDe. 17. 1. m Le. 27. 28. nDe. 38,2 4. 1. & 5. 13. & 6. 1-3. De. 136. 10. 1. 3. Ps. 16. Am 2. pEx. 16.4. 5 2 Ch. 32. 31. 2.25. Jo. rEx. 16. 2, 3 5 Ex. 35. 16. 12, H, t Ps. Mat. 104. 29 ,4.4. BDe. 9.2] 29. 5. Ne. V 2 Sa. 7. 14. 89. 32. Pr. 3 He. 12. 5, e Rev. 3. 19. Ps. .12. 10 De. 5.33. X See Ex. 3. 8 1. 284 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period III. ^ " All the commandments which I command thee this day Deut. viii. shall "ye observe to do, that ye may hve, and multiply, and go in and possess the land which the Lord sware unto your fathers. ^ And thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God "led thee these forty years in the wilderness, to humble thee, and ^to prove thee, 'to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments, or no. "^And he humbled thee, and '^suffered thee to hunger, and "fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know ; that he might make thee know that man doth 'not live by bread only, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of the Lord doth man live. '^ Thy "raiment waxed not old upon thee, neither did thy foot swell, these forty years. ^Thou "shalt also consider in thy heart, that, as a man chasteneth his son, so the Lord thy God chasteneth thee. ^ Therefore thou shalt keep the command- ments of the Lord thy God, "to walk in his ways, and to fear him. '' For the Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, ""a land of brooks of water, of fountains and depths that spring out of valleys and hills ; ^a land of wheat, and barley, and vines, and fig trees, and pome- tHeb.. words. Ex. 20. 1. fEx. 19. 17. 286 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period III. given you ; then ye rebelled against the commandment of the Lord t Pa. 106. 24, 25. your God, and 'ye believed him not, nor hearkened to his voice. -"^ Ye have been rebellious against the Lord from the day that I knew you. 25 '' Thus I fell down before the Lord forty days and forty nights, as I fell down at the first ; because the Lord had said he would destroy j Ex. 32. 11, &c. you. ~° I Sprayed therefore unto the Lord, and said, 'O Lord God! destroy not thy people and thine inheritance, which thou hast re- deemed through thy greatness, which thou hast brought forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand. ~^ Remember thy servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob ; look not unto the stubbornness of this people, nor to their /iGe.41.57. isa. wickcdncss, uor to their sin ; -'^lest *the land whence thou broughtest J Ex. 32. 12. us out say, 'Because the Lord was not able to bring them into the land which he promised them, and because he hated them, he hath n.iKi.8.51. Ne. brought them out to slay them in the wilderness. ~'^ Yet "'they are thy 1. 10. P3.90.7. pg^pjg ^^^^ ^^Ym^ inheritance, which thou broughtest out by thy mighty power and by thy stretched-out arm.' n Ex. :!4. 1,2. 1 '' At that time the Lord said unto me, ' Hew "thee two Deut. x. 1-5, tables of stone like unto the first, and come up unto me 1^' '« "'« ""^• Ex. 25. 10. into the mount, and "make thee an ark of wood. ^ And I will write on the tables the words that were in the first tables which thou brakest, and ''thou shalt put them in the ark.' ^ And I made an ark of 'shittim wood, and 'hewed two tables of stone like unto the first, and went up into the mount, having the two tables in my hand. '^ And 'he wrote on the tables, according to the first writing, the ten *commandments, which the Lord spake unto you in the mount out of the midst of the fire 'in the day of the assembly ; and the Lord gave them unto me. ^ And I turned myself and came down from the mount, and put the u 1 Ki. 8. 9. tables in the ark which I had made ; "and there they be, as the Lord commanded me. bEx.34. 28. 10 ^jj(j ^i stayed in the mount, according to the tfirst time, forty days I Ex'f^sTri'^r ^"^ ^o^^y nights ; and "the Lord hearkened unto me at that time also, 34."' ' ' ' and the Lord would not destroy thee. ^' And the Lord said unto me, ^nn^"'' ^'' '"•'''"'" ' Arise, ttake thy journey before the people, that they may go in and possess the land, which I sware unto their fathers to give unto them.' zMic. 6. 8. 12" And now, Israel, ""what doth the Lord thy God require of thee, ^Mat 22%7''' ^^^ *^ ^^^^ ^'^^ Lord thy God, to walk in all his ways, and "to love him, and to serve the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, ^^ to keep the commandments of the Lord, and his statutes, zScoGe. 1. 1. which I command thee this day for thy good ? ^"^ Behold, ^the heaven a See Ge. 14. 19. and thc hcavcu of heavens is the Lord's thy God, "the earth also, ^'■~^'^' with all that therein is ! ^^Only the Lord had a delight in thy fathers fcSeeLe 26 41 ^° ^^^^ them, and he chose their seed after them, even you above all je!4. 4.Ro'.2.' peoplc, as it is this day. ^"^ Circumcise therefore 'the foreskin of your 28, 29. Col. 2. ^^^^^^ ^^^ i^g j-j^ j^^Qj.^ stiffnecked. ^^ For the Lord your God is 'God '.K,"^i!v"i';. of gof^i^' and 'Lord of lords, a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, ]3o!2rua.'2. which 'regardeth not persons, nor taketh reward. ^^He -^doth execute dRo. 17. 14.& the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in 19. 16. giving hun food and raiment. ^^ Love ° ye therefore the stranger ; for ^pr/8^5.^^ '^' ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. ^^Thou "shalt fear the Lord 146. 9. ^ ^ thy God ; him shalt thou serve, and to him shalt thou cleave, and f Mal'4!'K?.' "'■ 'swear by his name. ~' He ^is thy praise, and he is thy God, 'that hath iPs. 63. 11. done for thee these great and terrible things, which thine eyes have jEx.j5.2.Je. gggj^^ 22 'pjiy fj^thers went down into Egy])t 'with threescore and ten k 1 sa. 12 24. persons ; and now the Lord thy God hath made thee '"as the stars of 2 Sa. 7. 2.3. Pa. [^ ' , • , 106.21,22. heaven for multitude. 1 Ge. 46. 27. i u Therefore thou shalt love the Lord thy God, and "keep Dedt. xi. m See Ge. 12. 2. , . , ... , , • • i ^ i i ■ nZe.3. 7. ^^^ chargc, and his statutes, and his judgments, and his com- Part VIIL] AN EXHORTATION TO OBEDIENCE. S8t mandments, always. ~ And know ye this day ; for I speak not with your children which have not known, and which have not seen the chastise- ment of the Lord your God, his greatness, his mighty hand, and his oPs. 78. 12. & stretched-out arm, "^and "his miracles, and his acts, which he did in the midst of Egypt, unto Pharaoh the king of Egypt, and unto all his land, ^ (and what he did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, ^&^5^9'To''^P8 ^"^ ^^ their chariots; ''how he made the water of the Red Sea to 106. ii.' ' overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the Lord hath de- stroyed them unto this day ; ''and what he did unto you in the wilder- 'aT.^i^Ps.^'iok*' "^^^' ""^'^ y^ came into this place ; '^and 'what he did unto Dathan 17. and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, the son of Reuben : how the earth opened her mouth and swallowed them up, and their households, and *s?ance'T£irfoi- ^^^^^^ tcuts, and all the *substance that twas in their possession, in the lowed them. midst of all Israel ;) ^ but your eyes have seen all the great acts of the ^^etfel^ "' Lord which he did. ^ Therefore shall ye keep all the commandments 7- Jos. 1. 6,7. which I command you this day, that ye may '^be strong, and go in and s Pr. 10. 27. possess the land, whither ye go to possess it ; ^ and 'that ye may prolong t See Ge. 12.7. your days in the land, 'which the Lord sware unto your fathers to give u Ex. 3. 8. unto them and to their seed, "a land that floweth with milk and honey. ^° " For the land, whither thou goest in to possess it, is not as the land rZe. 14. 18. ^f Egypt, from whence ye came out, "where thou sowedst thy seed, and wateredst it with thy foot, as a garden of herbs : ^^ but the land, whither ye go to possess it, is a land of hills and valleys, and drinketh I Heb. seeketh. water of the rain of heaven. ^^ A land which the Lord thy God tcareth wiKi.9.3. fQj. . '"^j^g gygg q( j.|-,g LoRjj thy God are always upon it, from the be- ginning of the year even unto the end of the year. xve. 6. 17. 13 u ^j^j j^ gj^g^]} ^^^g ^^ p^^g^ jf ^g gj-j^jj hearken ^diligently unto my commandments which I command you this day, to love the Lord your yhe. 26. 4. Qq^j^ ^j^^j jq gg^^g ^j^^^ ^jjj-j ^j] y^^j^ hgj^(.t ^^,-,^1 y^[^]^ ^11 your soul, ^^ that z Joel 2. 23. Ja. ^/j ^j]j gj^g y^^ ^^g j.jjjj-^ ^f y^y^ j^nd in his due season, ""the first rain and the latter rain, that thou mayest gather in thy corn, and thy wine, *io4''i4^'"' ^'' and thine oil. ^^ And I will *send grass in thy fields for thy cattle, that a De. 6. 11. Joel thou uiaycst "eat and be full. ^"^ Take heed to yourselves, Hhat your 6^1)^29 18 Job ^^^art be not deceived, and ye turn aside, and serve other gods, and 3i.%7.' ■ worship them; ^^ and then the Lord's wrath be kindled against you, '2Ch.'6.'26^'&7. and he 'shut up the heaven, that there be no rain, and that the land 13- yield not her fruit ; and lest ''ye perish quickly from oft' the good land dJos. 23. 13, 15, 1 • 1 ^1 T • ^1 16. which the Lord giveth you. eDe. 6. G. &32. 18 u Therefore 'shall ye lay up these my words in your heart and in /De. 6. 8. your soul, and ^ind them for a sign upon your hand, that they may be ^seeGe. 18. 19. as froutlcts between your eyes. ^'^ And °ye shall teach them your chil- dren, speaking of them when thou sittest in thy house, and when thou walkest by the way, when thou liest down, and when thou risest up. 2° And thou shalt write them upon the door posts of thy house, and ftPr. 3. 2. & 4. upon thy gates. -^ That ''your days may be multiplied, and the days of your children, in the land which the Lord sware unto your fatiiers to i P9. 72. 5. & 89. give them, 'as the days of heaven upon the earth. 22 u Yo^ if ye shall diligently keep all these commandments which I command you, to do them, to love the Lord your God, to walk in all his ways, and to cleave unto him ; ^^ then will the Lord drive out all these nations from before you, and ye shall possess greater nations and y Jos. 1. 3. & 14. mightier than yourselves. ^^ Every ^place whereon the soles of your feet t Ge. 15. 18. Ex. shall ti'cad shall be yours; ^'from the wilderness and Lebanon, from the river, the river Euphrates, even unto the uttermost sea shall your coast be. -^ There shall no man be able to stand before you ; for the zsee Ge. 35. 5. LoRD your God shall 'lay the fear of you and the dread of you upon all toEx. 23. 27. thg land that ye shall tread upon, '"as he hath said unto you. 23. 31. Nu. 34. &c. 288 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period III. q De. 27. 12, 13. Jos. 8. 33. rGe. 12. 6. Ju. 7. 1. «Jos. 1. 11. A. M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 1608. Abel-shittim. B^De. 30. 1, 15, 2^ '• Behold, ''I set before you this day a blessing and a curse; -'''a oDe. 28. 2. "blessiiig, if ye obey the commanduieats of the Lord your God, which pDe. 28. 15. I command you this day ; -'^and ^a curse, if ye will not obey the com- mandments of the Lord your God, but turn aside out of the way which I command you this day, to go after otiier gods, which ye have not known. — -•' x\nd it shall come to pass, when the Lord thy God hath brought thee in unto the land whither thou goest to possess it, that thou shalt put 'the blessing upon Mount Gerizim, and the curse upon Mount Ebal. ^" Are they not on the other side Jordan, by the way where the sun goeth down, in the land of the Canaanites, which dwell in the champaign over against Gilgal, '^beside the plains of Moreh ? ^' For 'ye shall pass over Jordan to go in to possess the land which the Lord your God giveth you, and ye shall possess it, and dwell therein. ^~ And ye shall observe to do all the statutes and judgments which I set before you this day. SECT. Lxxxil. Section LXXXII. — Moses'' Speech continued; — Repetition of Lmos relating to Idolatry, Ceremonies, the Levites, what Animals may he eaten, Tithes, the Poor, Servants, the Firstling of Cattle, Feasts, and Judges. Deut. xii. to xvi., and xvli. 1. Monuments ofidolatrij to be destroyed. 5 The place of God's service is to be kept. 15, 23 Blood is forbidden. \1, "10, ''2ij Holy things must be eaten in the holy place. 19 The Levite is not to be forsaken. 29 Idolatry is 7iot to be inquired after. — Chap. xiii. Enticers to idolatry, 6 how near soever unto thee,' 9 are to be stoned to death. 12 Idolatrous cities are not to be spared. — Chap, xiv. 1 God's children are not to disfgure themselves in mourning. 3 IVliat may, and what may not be eaten, 4 of beasts, 9 offshes, 11 of fowls. 21 That which dieth of itself may not he eaten. 22 Tithes of divine service. 23 Tithes and firstlings of rejoicing before the Lord. 28 The third year's tithe of alms and charity. — Chap. xv. The seventh year a year of release for the poor. 7 It must be no let of lending or giving. 12 A Hebrew servant, 16 except he will not depart, must in the seventh year go forth free and well furnished. 19 All firstling males of the cattle are to be sanctified unto the Lord. — Chap. xvi. The feast of the Passover, 9 of Weeks, 13 of Tabernacles. 16 Every male nmst offer, as he is able, at these three feasts. 18 Of judges and justice. 21 Groves and images are forbidden. — Chap. xvii. Things sacrificed must be sound. ^ " These are the statutes and judgments, which ye shall observe to do in the land, which the Lord God of thy fathers giveth thee to pos- sess it, "all the days that ye live upon the earth. 2 a Ye ''shall utterly destroy all the places, wherein the nations which ye shall ^possess served their gods, upon the high mountains, and upon the hills, and under every green tree ; ^and ye shall toverthrow their altars, and break their pillars, and burn their groves with fire ; and ye shall hew down the graven images of their gods, and destroy the names of them out of that place. "* " Ye shall not do so unto the Lord your God. ^ But unto the place which the Lord your God shall 'choose out of all your tribes to put his name there, even unto his habitation shall ye seek, and thither thou shalt come ; ^ and ''thither ye shall bring your burnt otVerings, and your sacrifices, and your tithes, and heave offerings of your hand, and your vows, and your freewill offerings, and the firstlings of your herds and of your flocks. ''' And there ye shall cat before the Lord your God, and "ye shall rejoice in all that ye put your hand unto, ye and your house- holds, wherein the Lord thy God hath blessed thee. ^ '•' Ye shall not do after all the things that we do here this day, •''every man whatsoever is right in his own eyes. '■' For ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance, which the Lord your God giveth you. ^^ But when ye go over Jordan, and dwell in the land which the Lord your God giveth you to inherit, and when he giveth you rest from all your enemies round about, so that ye dwell in safety ; i' then there shall be ^a place which the I^ord your God shall choose to cause his name to dwell there : thither shall ye bring all that I command you ; your burnt ofl'crings, and your sacrifices, your tithes, and the heave offering of your hand, and all tyour choice vows which ye vow unto the Lord. ^- And ye shall rejoice before the Lord your God, ye, alKi. 8,40. 6 Ex. 34. 13. * Or, inherit. 2Ki. Iti. 4. & 17. 10, 11. Je. 3.6. t Hcb. break down. Nu. 33. 52. Ju. 2. 2. c Jos. 9.27. 1 Ki. 8. 29. 2 Ch. 7. 12. Pa. 78. 68. d Le. 17. 3, 4. /Ju. 17. 6. «L 21. 25. ffJos. 18. 1. IKi. 8. 29. Ps. 78. 68. X Heb the choi of your vows. Part VIIL] REHEARSING THE LAWS RELATING TO IDOLATRY, &c. 289 and your sons, and your daughters, and your menservants, and your maidservants, and the Levite that is within your gates ; forasmuch as he hath no part nor inheritance with you. ALe. 17.4. 13 c T^i^g ^j^gg^ ^o thysclf that thou offer not thy burnt offerings in every place that thou seest ; ^^ but in the place which the Lord shall choose in one of thy tribes, there thou shalt offer thy burnt offerings, and there thou shalt do all that I command thee. — ^^ Notwithstanding thou mayest kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, whatsoever thy soul lusteth after, according to the blessing of the Lord thy God which he hath given thee ; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roe- iSeeGe.9.4. buck, and as of the hart. i^Only 'ye shall not eat the blood ; ye shall pour it upon the earth as water. ^■^ " Thou mayest not eat within thy gates the tithe of thy corn, or of thy wine, or of thine oil, or the firstlings of thy herds, or of thy flock, nor any of thy vows which thou vowest, nor thy freewill ofierings, or heave offering of thy hand : ^^ but thou must eat them before the Lord thy God in the place which the Lord thy God shall choose, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite that is within thy gates : and thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God in all that thou puttest thy hands unto. ^^ Take * Heb. all thy heed to thysclf that thou forsake not the Levite *as long as thou livest upon the earth. iGe.15. 18. 20 u ^hgn the Lord thy God shall enlarge thy border, ■'as he hath promised thee, and thou shalt say, I will eat flesh, because thy soul longeth to eat flesh ; thou mayest eat flesh, whatsoever thy soul lusteth after. -^ If the place which the Lord thy God hath chosen to put his name there be too far from thee, then thou shalt kill of thy herd and of thy flock, which the Lord hath given thee, as I have commanded thee, and thou shalt eat in thy gates whatsoever thy soul lusteth after. ^^ Even as the roebuck and the hart is eaten, so thou shalt eat them ; the unclean and the clean shall eat of them alike. ^^ Only be tsure that thou eat not the blood ; *for the blood is the life, and thou mayest not eat the life with the flesh. -^ Thou shalt not eat it ; thou shalt pour it upon the earth as water. -^ Thou shalt not eat it ; 'that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee, "when thou shalt do B. & that which is right in the sight of the Lord. — ^^ Only thy "holy things which thou hast, and "thy vows, thou shalt take, and go unto the place which the Lord shall choose ; -'' and ^thou shalt offer thy burnt offer- ings, the flesh and the blood, upon the altar of the Lord thy God ; and the blood of thy sacrifices shall be poured out upon the altar of the Lord thy God, and thou shalt eat the flesh. — ^s observe and hear all these words which I command thee, that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee for ever, when thou doest that which is 5 Ex. 23. 23. Jos. good and right in the sight of the Lord thy God. t^et inheritest, "^ " ^}^^^ '^^^® ^^^^ *'^y ^^^ ^^^^^1 ^ut off the natious from before or, possessest ' thcc, whithcr thou goest to possess them, and thou tsucceedest them, *h'1 after ti,an ^nd dwellcst in their land ; ^^ take heed to thyself that thou be not rLe.i8.3,26,'3o! siiarcd *by following them, after that they be destroyed from before t H^eb ^Ibomhm- ^^^^ ' ^^^ ^'^^^ ^^^^^^ iuquirc not after their gods, saying. How did turn of 111".'""" these nations serve their gods? even so will I do likewise. ^^ Thou *2o'2.^je^32.*35. "^^^^^^ "*^t ^^ ^"^ "i^to the LoRD thy God ; for every tabomination to Ez. 23.37. the Lord, which he hateth, have they done unto their gods ; for 'even ^tue.' ■22.^8.^'^' their sons and their daughters they have burnt in the fire to their gods. 3~ What thing soever I command you, observe to do it : 'thou t Heb. strong. k Ge. 9. 4. I Is. 3. 10. m Ex. 15. 26. 1 Ki. 11. 38. n Nu. 5. 9, 10. & 18. ]9. 1 Sa. 1. 21, 23, 24. p Le. 1. 5, 9, 13. u Ze. 10. 2. V Mat. 24. 24 2 Thes^.^2.^9: ^^^^^t not add thereto, nor diminish from it tt See De. 18. 22. ^ " If thcrc arisc among you a prophet, or a "dreamer of Deut. xiii. 22.' ■ ■ ^'' ■ dreams, "and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, ^ and '"the sign VOL. I. ' 37 y 290 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period IIL or the wonder come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve them ; ^ tliou shalt not hearken unto the words of that prophet, or ^^co.'^ih'ia'^' *^^^ dreamer of dreams ; for the Lord your God ^proveth you, to 2 Thes. 2. 11. know whether yc love the Lord your God with all your heart and 2/2 Ki'.^aa'.^ '^vit'i al'' your s*^"!- ^ Ye shall ^valk after the Lord your God, and fear 2 Lh. 34.31. him, and keep his commandments, and obey his voice, and ye shall ^4^■l5^■zT■l3^3 s^*"^'^ him, and cleave unto him. ^ And "'that prophet, or that dreamer X lieh. spoken re- of dfcams, shall be put to death ; because he hath tspoken to turn you Ite"""''^ away from the Lord your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt, and redeemed you out of the house of bondage, to thrust thee out of the way which the Lord thy God commanded thee to walk in. a 1 Co. 5. 13. «gQ shalt thou put the evil away from the midst of thee. ^" If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daugh- '^Prts.^. Mic." t^r, or Hhe wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, 'which is as thine own '•5- soul, entice thee secretly, saying. Let us go and serve other gods^ '^^Ij^^-^'^-^ which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy fathers, ''(namely, of the gods of the people which are round about you, nigh unto thee, or far off from thee, from the one end of the earth even unto the other end dPr 1 10. of the earth;) "^thou shalt '^not consent unto him, nor hearken unto him ; neither shall thine eye pity him, neither shalt thou spare, neither « Ac. 7. 58. gi^jj^it tj^Qu conceal him. ^ But thou shalt surely kill him; 'thy hand shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people. ^^ And thou shalt stone him with stones, that he die ; because he hath sought to thrust thee away from the Lord thy God, * Heb. bondmen, vvhich brought thcc out of the land of Egypt, from the house of *bon- dage. ^^ And all Israel shall hear, and fear, and shall do no more any such wickedness as this is among you. ^ju'bo^ "!*""■ ^^" If -^thou shalt hear say in one of thy cities, which the Lord thy ] Or, naughty God hath givcu thcc to dwell there, saying, ^^ Certain men, tthe chil- 22."i st! 2."i2.^" dren of Belial, ^are gone out from among you, and have ''withdrawn i^^il'io' 13. the inhabitants of their city, saying. Let us go and serve other gods, 2Co'.6.i5.' which ye have not known ; ^-^then shalt thou inquire, and make search, ^ uo.2. i9.Jude ^^^^ ^gj^ diligently. And, behold, if it be truth, and the thing certain, A 2 Ki. 17.21. that such abomination is wrought among you; ^^thou shalt surely » E'^-J^-jSO- Le. smite the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, ^destroy- i7;2i,'Ge.25. 31, 33. 298 MOSES' SPEECH COISTINUED, [Period III. away the guilt of innocent blood from among you, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the Lord. 10 u \y})e,^ t}^Qu goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the Lord thy God hath delivered them into thy hands, and thou hast taken them captive, '^and seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her to thy wife ; ^^ then thou shalt bring her home to thy house ; and she shall shave her head, *J^olc*lfeb.maJtf, ^"•^ *pare hcr nails ; ^^ and she shall put the raiment of her captivity or, dre^s. ffom off her, and shall remain in thy house, and 'bewail her father and *Ps!'J.'.^io.*'*'^ her mother a full month ; and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife. ^^ And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will ; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not make merchan- ^fi.'it^' ^"' ^'^^ o^ ^^^'■' because thou hast ^humbled her. * Go. 29. 33. ^^ " If a man have two wives, one beloved, '^and another hated, and they have born him children, both the beloved and the hated ; and '26*^10 ^2 ch'ii. if ^1^6 firstborn son be hers that was hated : -'^ then it shall be, 'when 19,22. he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before the son of the hated, which is indeed the firstborn ; ^~ but he shall acknowledge the son of the hated mSeeich.5. 1. fg^ tj^g firstbom, "by giving him a double portion of all tthat he hath ; ^ foundlcuhhim. for hc is "the beginning of his strength, "the right of the firstborn is his. nGe. 49. 3. 18 a jf ^ jj^^n havc a stubbom and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them ; ^^ then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place ; ~^ and they shall say unto the elders of his city. This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice, he is a glutton and a drunkard. ^^ And all the pDe. 13. 5, 11. nien of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die. ''So shalt thou put evil away from among you, and all Israel shall hear and fear. '23^29^&25^Ti, ^^ " And if a man have committed a sin 'worthy of death, and he be 25. & 26. 31. ' tQ bg pyt tQ death, and thou hang him on a tree ; -^ his "body shall not "^ ^°\i'.lt'.^Q.^' remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day, (for 'he that is hanged is Jaccursed of God ;) that 'thy land Yneh"th7'ciirse bc uot defilcd, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. 25.4!2s^a!2i!6: ^ " Thou "shalt not see thy brother's o.\ or his sheep go Deut. xxii. Le. 18. 25. i\u. astray, and hide thyself from them ; thou shalt in any case bring them again unto thy brother. ^ And if thy brother be not nigh unto thee, or if thou know him not, then thou shalt bring it unto thine own house, and it shall be with thee until thy brother seek after it, and thou shalt restore it to him again. ^ In like manner shalt thou do with his ass ; and so shalt thou do with his raiment ; and with all lost things of thy brother's, which he hath lost, and thou hast found, shalt thou do likewise : thou mayest not hide thyself. ' Thou "shalt not see thy brother's ass or his ox fall down by the way, and hide thyself from them ; thou shalt surely help him to lift them up again. ^ " The woman shall not wear that whicli pertaincth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman's garment ; for all that do so are abomination unto the Lord thy God. '^ " If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way in any tree, or on the ground, whether they be young ones or eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs, "thou shalt not take the dam with the young ; ^ but thou shalt in any wise let the dam go, and take tiie young to thee, that it may be well with tliee, and that thou mayest jjrolong thy days. ^" When thou buildest a new house, then tiiou siialt make a battle- 31 s Gal. 3. 13. 35. 34. Part VIIL] REHEARSING THE JUDICIAL AND MISCELLANEOUS LAWS. 299 X Le. 19. 19. * Heb. fulness of thy seed, y See 2 Co. 6. 14- 16. iNu. 15.38. Mat 23.5. f Heb. wings, a Ge. 29. 21. Ju. 15. 1. ment for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence. ' ^ J' " Thou ^shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds; lest the Iruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy vineyard be defiled "Thou ^shalt not plough with an ox and an ass together' Ihou Shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts, as of woollen and linen together. 12 " Thou Shalt make thee ^fringes upon the four tquarters of thy vesture, wherewith thou coverest thyself. ^ 1^ " If any man take a wife, and "go in unto her, and hate her, ^^ and give occasions of speech against her, and bring up an evil name upon her, and say, I took this woman, and when I came to her, I found her not a maid ;inhen shall the father of the damsel, and her mother take and bring forth the tokens of the damsel's virginity unto the e ders of the city in the gate. ^^ And the damsel's fathe? shall say unto the elders I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hateth ner, and, lo, he hath given occasions of speech against her, sayino- 1 lound not thy daughter a maid ; and yet these are the tokens of n?y daughters virginity. And they shall spread the cloth before the elders of the city. ^^ And the elders of that city shall take that man and chastise him; 1^ and they shall amerce him in an hundred shekels ol silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel ; and she shall be his wife he may not put her away all his days, ^o But if this thing be true and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel ; 21 then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die ; because she hath wrought folly m Israel, to play the whore in her father's house, feo shalt^thou put evil away from among you. ihr'!/^'''/"nu^! ^T]"^ '^"'^ ^^'^^^ ^ ''^*'"^^" married to a husband, then liey shall both of them die, both the man that lay with the woman and the woman. So shalt thou put away evil from Israel. " If a damsel that is a virgin be ^betrothed unto a husband, and UTlf ^' r '^^ '^'J' r"^ "" ^^^'^ ^'^' ' "' then ye shall bring hem both out unto the gate of that city, and ye shall stone them with stones that they die ; the damsel, because she cried not, beintr in the city and the man, because he hath -^humbled his neighbour's wife. So thou shaU put away evil from among you. 2^ "But if a man find a betrothed damsel in the field, and the man die. iJut unto the damsel thou shalt do nothing ; there is in the damsel no sin worthy of death : for as when a man riseth against his neighbour and slayeth him, even so is this matter ; ^^for he found her save her betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to Ti' ^V"", I"""' .^""^ ^ '^''"''''^ t'^^t '^ "" ^'"gi"' ^v^"ch is not betrothed and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found • 29 then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife. Because he hath humbled her he may not put her away all her days. ' ski'rV' ^ '"^^" ^''^" ""^^ *^''^ ^'^ ^^^''^'■'^ ^''^^^' "or -discover his father's ' "He that is wounded in the stones, or hath his privy Deut. xxUi. member cut off, shall not enter into the congregation of the evp?;~i .^!'''T''^ ''^^"."°t enter into the congregation of the Lord ; even to his tenth generation shall he not enter into the congregation of the Lord.— 3 An ^Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter into the con- 300 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period III. gregation of the Lord, (even to their tenth generation shall they not * See De. 2. 29. enter into the congregation of the Lord for ever ;) ■* because *they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth I Nu. 22. 5. 6. out of Egypt ; and 'because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor of Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse thee. ^ Nevertheless the Lord thy God would not hearken unto Balaam ; but the Lord thy God turned the curse into a blessing unto thee, because the Lord thy God m Ezra 9. 12. lovcd thcc. ^ Thou ""shalt not seek their peace nor their *prosperity all nGe!''2f°2t2G. % days for cver.— ' Tliou shalt not abhor an Edomite ; "for he is ob. io,'i2. thy brother. Thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian ; because "thou wast oEx.22. 21. ^ stranger in his land. ^ The children that are begotten of them shall enter into the congregation of the Lord in their third generation. ^ " When the host goeth forth against thine enemies, then keep thee yLe. 15. 16. from cvcry wickcd thing. ^^If^therebe among you any man, that is not clean by reason of uncleanness that chanceth him by night, then shall he go abroad out of the camp, he shall not come within the ^^rd Le"1i5 T ^amp ; '^ but it shall be, when evening tcometh on, he shall wash him- self with water, and when the sun is down, he shall come into the camp again. ^'^ Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad ; ^^ and thou shalt liave a paddle upon thy jHeb. sutest wcapon ; and it shall be, when thou twilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from jLe. 26. 12. thee. ^^For the Lord thy God 'walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee ; therefore shall *ofani tMn"^^ ^^J caiup bc holy, that he see no *unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee. ^mu^nu' ^^ " Thou '^ shalt not dehver unto his master the servant which is es- caped from his master unto thee. ^^ He shall dwell with thee, even among you, in that place which he shall choose in one of thy gates, tHeb. is good where it tliketh him best : *thou shalt not oppress him. »Ex.^!2i. ^''" There shall be no twhore of the daughters of Israel, nor 'a sodo- X Or, sodomitess. mite of the sons of Israel. ^^ Thou shalt not bring the hire of a whore, Pr.'2. ie. ' ^^^ or the price of a dog, into the house of the Lord thy God for any vow ; 'S^'?!^'^' ^^'" ^^^ even both these are abomination unto the Lord thy God. u Ex. 22. 25. Pa. ^^ " Thou "shalt uot lend upon usury to thy brother ; usury of money, 35! ' "' ' ' usury of victuals, usury of any thing that is lent upon usury. -'^ Unto "a "SeeLe. 19. 34. stranger thou mayest lend upon usury, but unto thy brother thou shalt not lend upon usury ; that the Lord thy God may bless thee in all that thou settest thy hand to in the land whither thou goest to possess it. wXu.30.2. Ec. 21 4; ^yi^ejj "ti^QU gl^a.lt vow a vow unto the Lord thy God, thou shalt not .slack to pay it; for the Lord thy God will surely require it of thee, and it would be sin in thee. — But if thou shalt forbear to vow, ^^'"j 30-^2. Ps. it shall be no sin in thee. ^3 That ""which is gone out of thy lips thou shalt keep and perform ; even a freewill oftering, according as t!iou hast vowed unto the Lord thy God, which thou hast promised with thy mouth. 2^ " When thou comest into thy neighbour's vineyard, then thou may- est eat grapes thy fill at thine own pleasure ; but thou shalt not put any in thy vessel. ^^ When thou comest into the standing corn of thy yMat. 12. 1. neighbour, '-'then thou mayest pluck the ears with thy hand ; but thou shalt not move a sickle unto thy neighbour's standing corn. lyiau 5. 31. & 1 a "When ""a man hath taken a wife, and married her, and Dkit. xxiv. it come to pass that s!ie find no favor in his eyes, because he * aWT^T^ "'^ ^^^^^ found *some uncleanness in her : then let him write her a bill of ]"iiei>.muingoff. tdivorcemcut, and give it in her hand, and send her out of his house. 2 And when she is departed out of his house, she may go and be another man's wife. ^ And if the latter husband hate her, and write her a bill of divorcement, and giveth it in her hand, and sendeth her out of his Part VIIL] REHEARSING THE JUDICIAL AND MISCELLANEOUS LAWS. 301 house ; or if the latter husband die, wliich took her to be his wife ; ^her aJo.3.1. "former husband, which sent her away, may not take her again to be his wife, after that she is defiled ; for that is abomination before the Lord : and thou shalt not cause the land to sin, which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. ^ " When a man hath taken a new wife, he shall not go out to war, ^m^'JhairpLs ^neither shall he be charged with any business : but he shall be free at npun him. homc ouc year, and shall 'cJieer up his wife which he hath taken. *" " No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge ; for he taketh a man's life to pledge. c Ex. 21. 16. 7 a jf -^g^ ^j-jg^,-, j^g fom^j Stealing any of his brethren of the children of Israel, and maketh merchandise of him, or selleth him ; then that thief shall die, and thou shalt put evil away from among you. dLe. 13. 2. 8 a fakc liccd in ''the plague of leprosy, that thou observe diligently, and do according to all that the priests the Levites shall teach you : as '^fco.Yo.e!'^"' I commanded them, so ye shall observe to do. ^Remember 'what the /Nu. 12. 10. Lord thy God did ^unto Miriam by the way, after that ye were come forth out of Egypt. *Heb. lend the 10 a When thou dost *lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go loan of any thintr . , j J o? o to,^c. ° into his house to fetch his pledge. ^^ Thou shalt stand abroad, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring out the pledge abroad unto thee. ^~ And if the man be poor, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge : g Ex. 22. 26. 13 jj-j ^g^j^y (jggg l-j^Q^^ gj-jglj (jeliver him the pledge again when the sun Vco^g' 13' ^^' S^®^^^ down, that he may sleep in his own raiment, and ''bless thee : and 2Ti.'i.'i8. it 'shall be righteousness unto thee before the Lord thy God. jsee E^'.^.sh ^^ " Thou shalt not ^oppress a hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land ^^'' Tob^Vi4^^* ^^^'^^^ t^iy gates : ^^ at his day *^thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall Ja'. 5. 4.' ' the sun go down upon it ; for he is poor, and tsetteth his heart upon ^soui'uMo'it'vZ i^ ; lest he cry against thee unto the Lord, and it be sin unto thee. 25. 1. & 86. 4. 16 a 'pj^g 'fathers shall not be put to death for the children, neither 2Ch!25'. 4. Je. shall the children be put to death for the fathers; every man shall be put to death for his own sin. ' Thou '"shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the Je. fatherless, "nor take the widow's raiment to pledge ; ^^ but thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in Egypt, and the Lord thy God redeemed thee thence : therefore I command thee to do this thing. Lc. 19. 9, 10. ^^ " When "thou cuttest down thy harvest in thy field, and hast forgot a sheaf in the field, thou shalt not go again to fetch it ; it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow, that the Lord thy ^9^l7!■ ^' ^'' God may ^bless thee in all the work of thy hands. 2° When thou X Heb. hough it beatest thine ohve tree, thou shalt not Igo over the boughs again ; it a lertiee. ^j^^jj j^^ ^^^ ^j^^ straugcr, for the fatherless, and for the widow. ^^ When * Heb. after tjiee. thou gathercst the grapes of thy vineyard, thou shalt not glean it *after- ward ; it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow. ^ And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt ; therefore I command thee to do this thing. 9EZ.44. 24. 1 ii If there be 'a controversy between men, and they come Deut. xxv. unto judgment, that the judges may judge them ; then they r See Pr. 17. 15. ''gj^g]] justify the righteous, and condemn the wicked. -And it shall sLu. 12. 48. be^ jf thg wicked man be 'worthy to be beaten, that the judge shall locVii ^24 cause him to lie down, 'and to be beaten before his face, according to « Job 18. 3. 'lis fault, by a certain number. ^ Forty "stripes he may give him, and w I'r. 12. 10. not exceed ; lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with 5. is'/'" ' many stripes, then thy brother should "seem vile unto thee. ^Ho''''io''n''''*''' ^ " Thou "shalt not muzzle the ox when lie ttreadeth out the corn. X Mat. 22. 24. ^ " If ""brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, VOL. I. Z 31. 29, 30. Ez 18. 20. VI See Ex. 22. 17 ' 21, 22. Pr. 22. 22. Is. 1. S 5. 28. & 22. 3, Ez.22. 29. Ze 7. 10. n Ex. 22. 2C, 302 MOSES' SPEECH CONTINUED, [Period III. ^nSn.Gf.ss^s ^^^ ^^'^^^' *^^ ^''^ (lead shall not many without unto a stranger; her thus- Ru.i. 12, 13. & band's brother shall go in unto lier, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of a husband's brother unto her. ^ And it shall be, y Ge. 38. 9. ^jj^t the firstborn which siie beareth "shall succeed in the name of his iKu.4. 10. brother which is dead, that "his name be not put out of Israel. '^ And *ma«we.""' Jl" the man like not to take his *brother's wife, then let his brother's aRu.4. 1, 2. wife go up to the "gate unto the elders, and say. My husband's brother refuseth to raise up unto his brother a name in Israel, he will not per- form the duty of my husband's brother. ** Then the elders of his city 6 Ru. 4. 6,7,11. sijall call him, and speak unto him. And if he stand to it, and say, ''I like not to take her ; ^ then shall his brother's wife come unto him in tlie presence of the elders, and loose his shoe from off his foot, and spit in his face, and shall answer and say. So shall it be done unto that man that will not build up his brother's house. ^^ And his name shall be called in Israel, The house of liim that hatli his shoe loosed. ^^ " When men strive together one with another, and the wife of the one draweth near for to deliver her husband out of the hand of him that smiteth him, and putteth forth her hand, and taketh him by the secrets ; ^-then thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall not pity her. "pf.n^.'LEz^. ^^ " Thou 'shalt not have in thy bag tdivers weights, a great and a 10. Mic. 6. 11. small. ^^ Thou shalt not have in thy house Idivers measures, a great andastolT^ and a small. ^^But thou shalt have a perfect and just weight, a perfect t Heh. an ephah and just mcasuie shalt thou have ; 'that thy days may be lengthened and an cphak. , •* ^ J J J ci c Ex. 20. 12. 1" the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. ^^ For "all that do dPr. 11. 1. such things, and all that do unrighteously, are an abomination unto the Lord thy God. e Ex. 17. 8. 17 u Remember 'what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt ; ^'^ how he met thee by the way, and smote the hindmost of thee, even all that were feeble behind thee, when thou ^6^ RoV'is'' ^^' ^^^^ ^^^"^ ^"*^ weary; and he -^feared not God. ^'■'Therefore it shall ^isa!i5.3. be, 'when the Lord thy God hath given thee rest from all thine ene- mies round about, in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee for /. Ex. 17. J4. an inheritance to possess it, that thou slialt 'blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven ; thou shalt not forget it. ^ " And it shall be, when thou art come in unto the land Deut. xxvi. which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and 'EJi^^-is-fr- possessest it, and dwellest therein ; ^ that 'thou shalt take of the first jSeeGe. 12. 7. of all tiic fruit of the earth, which thou shalt bring of thy ^land that the Lord thy God giveth thee, and shalt put it in a basket, and shalt go unto tlie place which the Lord thy God shall choose to place his name there. ^ And thou shalt go unto the priest that shall be in those days, and say unto him, I profess this day unto the Lord thy God, tliat I am come unto the country which the Lord sware unto our fa- thers for to give us. "* And the priest shall take the basket out of thy hand, and set it down before the altar of the Lord thy God. ^And k Ho. 12. 12. thou shalt speak and say before the Lord thy God, '^A Syrian 'ready 7nGe. 46. \",\,. ^" pcrish was my lather, and '"he went down into Egypt, and sojourned nGe. 46.27. there with a "iaw, and became there a nation, great, mighty, and pop- oEi. 1. 11, u. ulous. ** And "the Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and p Ex.2. 23-25. jj^id upon US iiard bondage. 'And ''when we cried unto the Lord God of our fathers, the Lord heard our voice, and looked on our affliction, J Ex. 12. 37, 51. and our labor, and our oppression; ^ and 'the Lord brought us forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand, and with an out-stretched arm, and witli great terribleness, and with signs, and with wonders ; ^ and he rSeeEx. 3. 8. ^.^t]^ brought US iuto tliis placc, and hath given us this land, even ^a land that floweth with milk and honey. ^^ And now, behold ! I have brought the firstfruits of the land, which thou, O Lord ! hast given Part VIII.] CONFIRMATION AND SANCTIONS OF THE LAW. 303 tPs. 119. 141, 153, 176. u he. 7. 20. Ho. 9.4. V Is. 63. 15. Ze. 2. 13. w See Ex. 3. 8. SEC. LXXXIV. A. M. 2553. B. C. 1451. Hales, 1603. Rithmah. me. And thou shalt set it before the Lord thy God, and worship before the Lord thy God. ^"- And thou shalt rejoice in every good thing which the Lord thy God hath given unto thee, and unto thy house, thou, and the Levite, and the stranger that is among you. 12 u Wiien thou hast made an end of tithing all the "tithes of thine increase the third year, which is the year of tithing, and hast given it unto the Levite, the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, that they may eat within thy gates, and be filled ; ^^ then thou shalt say before the Lord thy God, I have brought away the hallowed things out of my house, and also have given them unto the Levite, and unto the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, according to all thy com- mandments which thou hast commanded me : I have not transgressed thy commandments, 'neither have I forgotten them. ^'' I "have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I taken away aught thereof for any unclean use, nor given aught thereof for the dead ; but I have hearkened to the voice of the Lord my God, and have done according to all that thou hast commanded me. ^^Look "down from thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless thy people Israel, and ""the land which thou hast given us, as thou swarest unto our fathers, a land that floweth with milk and honey. ^^ " This day the Lord thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments ; thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thy heart, and with all thy soul. ^" Thou hast "'avouched the Lord this day to be thy God, and to walk in his ways, and to keep his stat- utes, and his commandments, and his judgments, and to hearken unto his voice. ^'^ And ^the Lord hath avouched thee this day to be his pe- culiar people, as he hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all his commandments ; ^^and to malvc thee ""high above all nations which he hath made, in praise, and in name, and in honor ; and that thou mayest be a holy people unto the Lord thy God, as he hath spoken.'' Section LXXXIV. — 3Ioses' Speech concluded — Conjirmation and Sanctions of the Laic}^''^ Deut. xxvii. andxxvVn. Tlie people are commanded to torile the law upon stones, 5 and to build an altar of leliole stones. 11 The tribes divided on Gerizim and Ebal. 14 The nirses pronounced on Mount Ehal. — Chap, xxviii. 1 The blessings for obedience. 15 The curses for disobedience. ^ And Moses with the elders of Israel commanded the people, saying, " Keep all the commandments which I command you this day. ^And it shall be on the day "when ye shall pass over Jordan unto the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, that ''thou shalt set thee up Q°) The continued fulfilment of prophecy is the perpetual miracle by which God is constantly ap- pealing to mankind. Prophecy may be defined, anticipated history. History may be defined, the fulfilment of prophecy. In no instance throughout Scripture is the grandeur of the scheme of prophecy more discernible than in the prophecies of Moses ; some of which are still fulfilling, or remain to be fulfilled. Moses resumes the predictions of Jacob, and of Balaam ; and describes the Messiah in still clearer terms, as the Prophet who should arise, like unto him ; that is, a Lawgiver, who should abolish one dispensation of Providence to introduce abetter. He predicts, in the plainest terms, the Assyrian and Babylonish captivities, Deut. xxviii. r!2, .33, 3(), 37, 47, 48. Lev. xxvi. 23, 34, 39, the import of which passages is fully explained by Jeremiah v. tie describes the desolation of the country, and the captivity of the Jews under the Romans — Deut. xxviii. 49, to the end. — He announces the ul- timate restoration of the Jews, Lev. xxvi. 44. Deut. XXX. 1-6 ; and concludes with proclaiming the punishment of God upon their enemies. In the sublime ode written immediately preceding his death, he gives a bold outline of the whole history of the Jews, and repeats the predictions of their fu- ture destiny ; concluding with an anticipation of the day, when the Gentiles shall unite in the praises of the Jewish converts to the God of their fathers, who will finally bring about their restora- tion. Succeeding prophets have frequently only amplified the prophecies of Moses. Of all beings merely human, the Jewish legislator was the first, the greatest, the most highly gifted. His prophe- cies, therefore, are the interpreters of the plans and conduct of Providence, from his own day until the end of the Christian dispensation, and the com- mencement of an unknown era. They shine like a meteor through the dark night of history, illu- mining the past, the present, and the future, and they will always remain, as Moses declared they should remain. " a sign, and a wonder for ever." — Vide Jortin's Remarks on Eccl. History, last edit. Worlis, vol. i. p. 203, 222 ; Chandler's Defence of Christianity, ch. G. sect. ii. ; Bishop Newton Ojithe Prophecies, vol. i. p. 94, 120 ; Hales' Analysis, vol. ii. p. 2.50, 254. 304 MOSES' SPEECH CONCLUDED; [Period III. great stones, and plaster them with plaster; ^and thou shalt write upon them all the words of tiiis law, when thou art passed over, that thou mayest go in unto the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, a land that floweth witli milk and honey ; as the Lord God of thy fa- thers hath promised thee. '^ Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over Jordan, that ye shall set up tiiese stones, which I command you this e Jos. 8.30. day, 'in Mount Ebal, and thou shalt plaster them with plaster. ^And there shalt thou build an altar unto the Lord thy God, an altar of stones ; ''gE-^-^20.25. Jos. rfthou shalt not lift up any iron tool upon them. '^Thou shalt build the altar of the Lord thy God of whole stones ; and thou shalt offer burnt oflerings thereon unto the Lord thy God : "and thou shalt offer peace offerings, and shalt eat there, and rejoice before the Lord thy God. ® And thou shalt write upon the stones all the words of this law very plainly." ^ And Moses and the priests the Levites spake unto all Israel, saying, " Take heed, and hearken, O Israel! this day thou art become the people of the Lord thy God. ^° Thou shalt therefore obey the voice of the Lord thy God, and do his commandments and his statutes, which I command thee this day." ^^ And Moses charged the people the same day, saying, ^-" These shall eJu. 9.7. stand 'upon Mount Gerizim to bless the people when ye are come over Jordan — Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar, and Joseph, and Benjamin. ^^ And ^these shall stand upon Mount Ebal *to curse — Reuben, Gad, and Asher, and Zebulun, Dan, and Naphtali. ^'^ " And 'the Levites shall speak, and say unto all the men of Israel with a loud voice, — ^^ " Cursed ''be the man that maketh any graven or molten image, an abomination unto the Lord, the work of the hands of the crafts- man, and putteth it in a secret place. 'And all the people shall answer and say. Amen. ^•^ " Cursed ^be he that setteth hghtby his father or his mother. And all the people shall say. Amen. ^" " Cursed *be he that removeth his neighbour's landmark. And all the people shall say, Amen. 1^ " Cursed 'be he that maketh the blind to wander out of the way. And all the people shall say. Amen. ,nSeeEx.*2.2i, 19 " Curscd '" bc hc that perverteth the judgment of the stranger, fatherless, and widow. And all the people shall say, Amen. n Le. 18. 8. 20 u Cursed "be he that lieth with his father's wife ; because he un- covereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen. Lo. 18. 23. 21 u Cursed "be he that lieth with any manner of beast. And all the people shall say. Amen. ;)Le. 18.9. 22 " Curscd ^'bc lic that lieth with his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of his mother. And all the people shall say, Amen. gLe. 18. 17. ^3 a ^yj-ggj 7|^(j j^g ^j^j^j j^g^}^ ^.jj)^ his mothcr-in-law. And all the people shall say, Amen. r Ex. 20. 13. Lo. -'"Cursed '"be he that smiteth his neighbour secretly. And all the 21. 17. Nu. 35. 1 1 11 A 31. people shall say. Amen. 'Ez'^'ii^' ^^ " Cursed 'be he that taketh reward to slay an innocent person. And all the people shall say. Amen. 'n'3"Ga?^3*'i6 ^"^ " Cursed 'be he tliat confirmctii not all the words of this law to do them. And all the people shall say. Amen. "gE*- i5-^26._Le. 1 u ^„^| jt gi^.^11 gQj^g tQ pj^gg^ "if ti^ou g^alt hcarkcu dili- Deut. xxviii. gently unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe and to do all his commandments which I command thee this day, that the Lord thy God will set thee on high above ail nations of the earth. /Job. 8. 33. *Heb./ or a curs- ing. ^Da.9. U. h Ex. 20 34. 17. & 26. 1 9. Hos. •4, Le. '13. 23. & 19.4. .44. 2. i See Nu. 5. 22. Je. 11. 5. 1 Co. 14. It). j See Ge Ex.20. 19. 3. 1.9. 12. 25. Le. k See Job 24. 2. I he. 19 14, z Ps. 121. 8. 2 Sa. 22. 38, 41. Ps. 89. 23. See ver. 25. J Le. 25. 21 10. 7. 14. Is. 63. 19. Da. 9. 18, 19. e Pr. 10. 22. * Or, for good. t Heb. belly. Part VIII.] CONFIRMATION AND SANCTIONS OF THE LAW. 305 cZe. 1. G. 2 ^,-,j j^ii ^i^gpe blessings shall come on thee, and "overtake thee, if thou shalt hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God : — ,0 Ps. 128. 1. 4. sagiygggfj '"chult thou be in the city, and blessed shalt thou be ""in the field. y Ge. 22. 17. Ps. 4 a glcssed shall be ''the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy ground, 22!i^'i.'^'4: a' and the fi-uit of thy cattle, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep. ^o^, dough, or 5 u Blessed shall be thy basket and thy tstore. ^ " Blessed ""shalt thou be when thou comest in, and blessed shalt thou be when thou goest out. ,Le. 2a. 7,^8. ^^ 7 a 'pj^g honT> "shall cause thine enemies that rise up against thee to be smitten before thy face : they shall come out against thee one way, and flee before thee seven ways. ^ The Lord shall 'command the blessing J Sr, Jar,^^■. Pr. upou thcc in thy Istorchouscs, and in all that thou settest thy hand unto ; and he shall bless thee in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. 3 The 'Lord shall establish thee a holy people unto himself, as he hath sworn unto thee, if thou shalt keep the commandments of the Lord thy God, and walk in his ways. '"^ And all the people of the earth '«^Nj>-6.27.|Ch. shall see that thou art ''called by the name of the Lord ; and they shall ■ be afraid of thee. ^^ And 'the Lord shall make thee plenteous *in goods, in the fruit of thy tbody, and in the fruit of thy cattle, and in the fruit of thy ground, in the land which the Lord sware unto thy fathers to give thee. ^^ The Lord shall open unto thee his good treasure, the /Le. 26. 4. heaven -^to give the rain unto thy land in his season, and to bless all the work of thy hand ; and thou shalt lend unto many nations, and thou gu. 9. 14, 15. shalt not borrow. ^^ And the Lord shall make thee ^the head, and not the tail, and thou shalt be above only, and thou shalt not be beneath ; if that thou hearken unto the commandments of the Lord thy God, which I command thee this day, to observe and to do them. ^^ And thou shalt not go aside from any of the words which I command thee this day, to the right hand, or to the left, to go after other gods to serve them. '^s^iV^Da^'g n' ^^ " ^"t '^ ^^^^^^ ^°"^® to P^^^' ''^^ ^^^^ ^^^t "*^t hearken unto the voice 'of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all his commandments and his statutes which I command thee this day ; that all these curses shall come upon thee, and overtake thee : — ^^ "Cursed shalt thou be in the city, and cursed shalt thou be in the field. ^■^ " Cursed shall be thy basket and thy store. IS " Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep. ^^ " Cursed shalt thou be when thou comest in, and cursed shalt thou be when thou goest out. £ Mai. 2. 2. 20 cc 'pj^g LoRD shall scud upou thcc 'cursing, ■'vexation, and '^rebuke, in •'i4M3."'^'^'^^" all that thou settest thy hand unto tfor to do, until thou be destroyed, k Ps. 80. 16. Is. and until thou perish quickly ; because of the wickedness of thy doings, tiieh.'whkh thou whereby thou hast forsaken me. ^^ The Lord shall make 'the pestilence wouidest do. cleave unto thee, until he have consumed thee from oif the land, whither '2^4!'io^' ^^" ^'' thou goest to possess it. ~~ The "'Lord shall smite thee with a consump- mLe. 26. 16. tiou, and with a fever, and with an inflammation, and with an extreme * Or, drought. burning, and with the *sword, and with "blasting, and with mildew ; and they shall pursue thee until thou perish. ^^ And °thy heaven that is over thy head shall be brass, and the earth that is under thee shall be iron. ^2fi!i7737.^fs^36. ^^The Lord shall make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed. ^^ The ^LoRD shall cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies ; thou shalt ^ Jliw;;^'"' " ''^ go out one wav against them, and flee seven ways before them, and moving* O J& ' c\r A t r 1 r 1 Sa. 17. 44, 46. 'shalt bc trcmovcd into all the kingdoms of the earth. ~" And thycar- Ps. 79. 2. Je. 7. ^^^^ ^j^^jj ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^jj ^^^j^ ^^ ^j^^ ^j^.^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^j^^ bcasts of thc VOL. I. 39 *z 13. Amos 4. 9. Le. 26. 19. 17. «?Je. 15. 4. Ez 23.46. 14. 12, 14. & 25. 1.2Ch. 33. &36. 6,20. cJe. 16. 13. di Ki.9.7,8.Je. 24. 9. & 23. 9. Zee. 8. 13. ePa. , 44. 14. 306 MOSES' SPEECH CONCLUDED. [Period IIL earth, and no man shall fray them away. ~" The Lord will smite thee » Ex. 9.9. with 'the botch of Egypt, and with 'the emerods, and with the scab, '78^66.^" ^' ^^' and with the itch, whereof thou canst not be healed. -^ The Lord shall uJe. 4. 9. smite thee with madness, and blindness, and "astonishment of heart ; » See Job 5. 14. 29 ^^^^j ^j^^^y shalt 'gropc at noonday, as the blind gropeth in darkness, and thou shalt not prosper in thy ways ; and thou shalt be only oppressed ttJobsi.io. Je. and spoiled evermore, and no man shall save thee. ^^ Thou "'shalt be- X Job 31. 8. Jc. troth a wife — and another man shall lie with her : ""thou shalt build a house ii' ■vnc^6"'i5' — ^"^ ^^^^^ ^'^^^^ "°^ dwell therein : "thou shalt plant a vineyard — and zeVi.13; ' shalt not Igather the grapes thereof. ^^ Thine ox shall be slain before i mh^'rlf.ine ^^^^^ ^Y^^ — ^"^ ^^^^^ ^'^^'^^ "^^ ^^^ thcrcof : thine ass shall be violently or, We it (« com- taken away from before thy face — and *shall not be restored to thee : ^onme .as e. ^j^^ ghecp shall be givcu unto thine enemies — and thou shalt have none * Heb. siiaii not {q rcscuc them. ^- Thy sons and thy daughters shall be given unto another z Ps^Tig! 82. people — and thine eyes shall look, and ^fail with longing for them all a Le.26. 16. Je. the day long : and there shall be no might in thy hand. ^ The "fruit of thy land, and all thy labors, shall a nation which thou knowest not eat up ; and thou shalt be only oppressed and crushed always, ^'* so that thou shalt be mad for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see. 35 The Lord shall smite thee in the knees, and in the legs, with a sore botch that cannot be healed, from the sole of thy foot unto the top of j2Ki^i7.4,6^& thy head. ^'^ The 'Lord shall bring thee, and thy king which thou shalt set over thee, unto a nation which neither thou nor thy fathers have known ; and 'there shalt thou serve other gods, wood and stone. ^"^ And thou shalt become '^an astonishment, a proverb, 'and a byword, among all nations whither the Lord shall lead thee. ^^ Thou -^shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather but little in, for ^the locust shall /Mio.6. 15. Hag. cousume it. 3^ Thou shalt plant vineyards, and dress them, but shalt fi- Joel 1. 4. neither drink of the wine, nor gather the grapes, for the worms shall eat them. '^'^ Thou shalt have olive trees throughout all thy coasts, but thou shalt not anoint thyself with the oil ; for thine olive shall cast his fruit. T^Heb^ f Aey^sAaK 41 fhou slialt bcgct SOUS and daughters, but tthou shalt not enjoy them ; A'sLjob'27. 14. for Hhey shall go into captivity. '^^ All thy trees and fruit of thy land i^or \Lss ^^^^^ ^^^^ locust tconsume. '^^ The stranger that is within thee shall get t, possess. ^^ above thee very high ; and thou shalt come down very low. '^^ He shall lend to thee, and thou shalt not lend to him : he shall be the head, and thou shalt be the tail. '^^ " Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed ; because thou heark- enedst not unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to keep his command- ments and his statutes which he commanded thee. '"^ And they shall be t Is. 8. 18. Ez. upon thee 'for a sign and for a wonder, and upon thy seed for ever. ■*^ Because thou ^servedst not the Lord thy God with joyfulness, and with gladness of heart, for the abundance of all things ; ^^ therefore shalt thou serve thine enemies which the Lord shall send against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in want of all things ; ue 5 15 & (1. ^"^ ^^^ ''^^'^^^ P'^^ ^ y^'^^ °^ ""'^" "P^" ^^^y "^^''^' ""^'' '^^ ^^^^'® destroyed 2l.'23. Lu. i'j! thee. "^^The 'Lord shall bring a nation against thee from ftir, from the mJe. 48.40. & end of the earth, "as swift as the eagle flieth ; a nation whose tongue 49.22. La. 4. 19. tijQu ghalt iiot *understand ; ^^a nation tof fierce countenance, "which Flo. 8^1.' "■ shall not regard the person of the old, nor show favor to the young. *H^b. hrar. 51 ^^^^ h^ shalPeat the fruit of thy cattle, and the fruit of thy land, ^fltpTi'A-f until thou be destroyed : which ?lso shall not leave thee cither corn, Ec- 8. 1- Da. ^jj^^^ ^j. qIj ^j. ^j^g increase of thy kine, or flocks of thy sheep, until n2Ch.36. 17. Is. he liavc destroyed thee. '^^And he shalPbesiege thee in all thy gates, oTs*! 7 &6a8 ""t^' ^''y '"o^ ^'^^ fenced walls come down, wherein thou trustedst, p2'Ki. 25. 1,2,4. throughout all thy land ; and he shall besiege thee in all thy gates 14.8. j Ne. 9. 35-37. fcJe.28. 14. Part VIII.] CONCLUDING APPEAL OF MOSES TO THE PEOPLE. 307 throughout all thy land, which the Lord thy God hath given thee. ? Le. 26- 19- ^^ And 'thou shalt eat the fruit of thine own tbody, the flesh of thy jer. i9.9. Lar2.' SOUS and of thy daughters, which the Lord thy God hath given thee, in the siege, and in the straitness, wherewith thine enemies shall distress J Heb. belly. thce. ^^ So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children which he shall leave ; ^^ so that he will not give to any of them of the flesh of his children whom he shall eat ; because he hath nothing left him in the siege, and in the straitness, wherewith thine enemies shall distress thee in all thy gates. ^^ The tender and delicate woman among you, which would not adventure to set the sole of her foot upon the ground for delicateness and tenderness, her eye shall be evil toward the husband of her bosom, *Heb. afterbirth, and toward her son, and toward her daughter, ^'' and toward her *young rGe. 49. ]o. Que that comcth out 'from between her feet, and toward her children which she shall bear ; for she shall eat them for want of all things se- cretly in the siege and straitness, wherewith thine enemy shall distress thee in thy gates. ^^ " If thou wilt not observe to do all the words of this Law that are s Ex. 6.3. written in this Book, that thou mayest fear *this glorious and fearful name, The Lord thy God ; ^^ then the Lord will make thy plagues «Da. 9. 12. 'wonderful, and the plagues of thy seed, even great plagues, and of long continuance, and sore sicknesses, and of long continuance. ^^ Moreover he will bring upon thee all the diseases of Egypt, which thou wast afraid of; and they shall cleave unto thee. ^^ Also every sickness, and every plague, which is not written in the Book of this Law, them will ^^nd.''^'^'^'^' the Lord tbring upon thee, until thou be destroyed. ^^ And ye shall be u De. 10. 22. Ne. left fcw in number, whereas ye were "as the stars of heaven for multi- tude ; because thou wouldest not obey the voice of the Lord thy God. »je. 32. 41. 63 And it shall come to pass, that as the Lord "rejoiced over you to do "24"^' ^' ^^' ^^' ^' y^^ good? ^^^^ to multiply you ; so the Lord "will rejoice over you to de- stroy you, and to bring you to nought ; and ye shall be plucked from off ^ Le. 26^. 33^. Ne. the land whither thou goest to possess it. ^^ And the Lord ""shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other ; and there thou shalt serve other gods, which neither thou nor yAm. 9. 4. tj^y fathers have known, even wood and stone. ^^And ^among these nations shalt thou find no ease, neither shall the sole of thy foot have z Le. 26. 36. rest ; 'but the Lord shall give thee there a trembling heart, and failing a Le. 26. 16. of cycs, and "sorrow of mind. ^^ And thy life shall hang in doubt before thee ; and thou shalt fear day and night, and shalt have none assurance c Je° 44^7. Ho. 8. ^f thy Hfc : ^^ in 'the morning thou shalt say. Would God it were even ! 13. &9. 3. and at even thou shalt say. Would God it were morning! for the fear Ve soid^-TJ! *° of thy heart wherewith thou shalt fear, and for the sight of thine eyes b i.e. ye shall bo whicli thou shalt SCO. ^^ And the Lord 'shall bring thee into Egypt again such numbers witli ships, by tho Way whereof I spake unto thee, ' Thou shalt see it will be7e'w.— HO morc again ; ' and there ye shall be "sold unto your enemies for ^'^' bondmen and bondwomen, and ''no man shall buy you." SEC.LXXxv. Section LXXXV. Concluding Appeal of 3Ioscs to the People. . ~ "_„ Deut. xxix. and xxx. and Num. xxxvi. 13. A. M. 2o53. B C 1451 Moses exhorteth them to obedience, by the ijiemory of the works they had seen. 10 All are presented Hales 1608 be/ore the Lord to enter into his covenant. 18 The great wrath on him that flattereth himself in ■^''^^' ■ his wickedness. 29 Secret things belong unto God. ~— Chap. xxx. ] Great ?nercies promised unto Rithmah. the repentant. 11 The ccnnmandment is manifest. 15 Death and life are set before them. ^ These are the words of the covenant, which the Lord commanded Moses to make with the children of Israel in the land of Moab, besides «De. 5.2,3. "the covenant which he made with them in Horeb. AEx. 19. 4. ^ And Moses called unto all Israel, and said unto them, " Ye *have 308 CONCLUDING APPEAL OF MOSES TO THE PEOPLE. [Period IIL seen all that the Lord did before your eyes in the land of Egypt unto cDe.4. 34. Pharaoh, and unto all his servants, and unto all his land, ^ (the 'great temptations which thine eyes have seen, the signs and those great