THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES I' UK TOiNGUE. LONDON: HICIIAIIDS, I'KINTFR, 100, ST. MAKTIN'S I.ANK. THE TOXCiUE, a i^otnx, TN TWO PARTS. UY ALEXANDER I'>ELL, I'KOFESSOU OF ELOCUTION. LONDON : \V. J. CLEAVER, bO, BAKER STREET, POUTMAN SQUARE. MDCCCXLVI. P A U T 1 ' I K S T THE ARGUMENT, The tongue — its functions. Hypocrisy assuming the phrase of virtue. Forensic tears. The cultivation of the vocal organs by the ancients ; neglect of this in modern systems of education. Intiuence of the drama on national taste. Puling song opposed to manly sense. Appeal in behalf of the drama. Necessary qualilications for an actor. Comedy — Tragedy — Macready. The power of art. Genius, like precious metals in the ore, re([uires refinement. The pulpit — its duties demand the cultivation of the highest capacity for eloquence. Injurious effects of un- tutored delivery. Senatorial eloquence — a maiden speech. - Brogues fully represented in Parliament. The power of music — its melody — its wanton irregularity. Music contrasted with poetry. A messenger of heaven. SG6151 THE TUNGUK TART FIRST. PART FIRST. FAIN would I my humble voice assay To sin2: of thee, the orsran of the soul ! 'Tis thou intcrprctcst her secret aims, Or craftily conceal'st them in thy words ; Her richest treasures are pour'd out by thee; From thee her blessings, yea, her cursings, flow. And thou herthoun-htstosAveetnessturn'sf.oro-all : Men's ears, to know her pleasure, list to thee ; By thee to her their hearts are strongly mov'd ; B THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. 10 Thou best canst give her fitful passions sway, For thou obey'st her in her changeful moods. In these refin'd and literary days, AVhen the astounding press, tho' dumb, does speak With potency of many thousand tongues, 15 A lay of thee may seem antiquely rude, Fit only for remote and barb'rous times, When men by manly sounds, much more than signs— The tam'd expression of the glowing soul — Were rous'd to gen'rous, or to daring deeds, 20 That stamp'd the patriot's, and hero's fame. Still art thou worthy of the noblest strain, — Would meeter mind had decm'd thee fit for song ! — For poesy and eloquence from thee Best shew their heavenly origin — their charms — 25 Their power to call forth man's true nobleness, And fit him for the bliss of higher spheres. THE TONGUE. 3 PAllT linST. 'Tis true, when mov'd by passion, e'en tho' skill'd In literate refinements of the schools, — For even grave and learned clerks can scold — 30 That thou art rough, uncouth, and truculent, Louder than angry waves, yea more untam'd Than fiercest animals that fright tlie wold ; But when the blandishments of polish'd life Lay strong restraint upon thy wanton rage, 35 To courtesy thy rude extravagance Is chang'd, or prudent silence sits on thee. Ah ! then how sweetly potent are thy tones, When zeal, inspir'd by the Creator, tunes Each lingual movement in His sacred cause ! 40 When heavenly mandate on thee is impress'd. To rouse, rebuke, or awe, tlie guilty world, In thee arc heard the thund'rinofs of the Lord. Thus spoke the holy seers by God's command, Tho' oft in vain, to the rebellious race. B 2 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. ^^ Hypocrisy, — wrapt in her wily folds, AVliolly disguis'd from every human eye, Well-seeming counterfeit of virtue's form, — While prosecuting her astute designs, Makes thee, bland tongue ! the minion of her art, so And trains thee to her purposes of guile. Hence venerable age, with heart corrupt, In whining cant assuming virtue's phrase ; Hence, too, the race of sanctimonious rogues. That lord in places high and worshipful ; — S5 The rigid censurer of hapless wights. Whom ignorance and poverty ensnare. For fiends and fools fanatical to seize, — The grave in aspect, and the lewd in act, The practiser of crimes he punishes, *50 While he upholds the majesty of law — And hence forensic knaves, who sell tlieir siglis, As "witches Scandinavian do winds, And regulate their pathos by their pay, — TIIE TONGUE. PART KIRST, The wiggcd Niobes, who melt in tears t>5 When crhnuuility and fees run high. Thus, too, the ravings to the hustings' mob, When the expecting placeman pawns his soul, To make corruption tremble at her feasts, E'en when she gorges on the public spoil : 70 And thus the Arch-Repealer, whom the dolts Of greatly-gull'd Hibernia believe. The learned Romans valu'd lingual power, And taught, betimes, their youth the vocal art They wisely thought, that minds most vigorous, 75 Accomplish'd best to reason and decide Aright in ev'ry state emergency. To grace the forum, or conduct in war. Could only dwell in animated frames Rear'd in the feats of the gymnasium. 80 Our mod'rn sashes train not thus tlicir sons; 6 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. Not SO seek they to give them strength ; not thus To rear in bodies musculous the mind. We con the letter of the ancient lore — Long dead, 'tis true, but lovely in its death — 85 We dwell enraptur'd on the polish'd page. And form a dreamy vision of its power ; But fail to catch from the poor signs of thought, Aught more than a faint spark of those bright fires Which blaz'd in sounds of living eloquence, ^^ When the grac'd orator his lightnings flash'd Amono' the awe-struck and admirino; crowd. We listless hear from the quaint pedant's chair The stagnant phraseology of schools ; And only trace in the poor drawler's tone ^5 A soul more lumpish than his pond'rous theme. The learned sexton presses with his lead The volume in which spirits arc entomb'd — The master-spirits of a manly age. Instruction sickens, and retires aggricv'd : THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. 1^ She shuns tlie school, to live in solitude. The little iiiinds resort to idleness, Or fun, suppress'd by nicely-practis'd wiles, To mitigate the burden of the hour ; But students of a contemplative mood 105 Xyq sad when they behold, in the dull man. The very charnel-house of eloquence. In Britain's catalogue of lib'ral arts. The art of graceful speech has found no place : The tongue, a hapless member of the frame, 11*^ Tho' leader universally employ 'd In high and low affairs, is left expos'd To the contagion of a random lot. The legs are taught with studied grace to move ; The foreign artiste gives them courtly gait ; 11^ The head sits on his throne with dignity, Train'd duly to his high patrician place ; The arms arc nicely balanc'd, to maintain 8 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST The harmony of motion in the dance ; And even sitting has its tutorage ; 120 But the poor tongue no discipline controls; Still, hapless, it is left to the assaults Of mimic ignorance and ribaldry — The clownish jargons, far and wide diffus'd, — The howl and whine of rustic dialect, 125 And all the discords of corrupted speech. Delivery refin'd now wanes apace : Not thus it pin'd when our theatric taste Maintain'd the drama as the lauded chief Of merry England's national delights ; 130 ^hen Siddons flash'd the blaze of poesy Around her Thespian throne, and to the stage Bade royalty and learning homage pay ! The British senate gave reality To the bright pictures of the mimic boards. THE TONGUE. PAHT FIIIST. 135 The cver-honour'd rivals, Pitt and Fox, Led in debate the learned disputants, With all the elegance of classic Rome. Such was the magic of these mighty names, Each state, admiring genius, own'd their pow'r, 140 And Britain's eloquence sway'd every heart, As her bold navy triumph'd o'er the waves. The acted drama, cherished, inspir'd A polish'd utt'rance of the pointed phrase. Even the bar with its dull precedents, I'ls Its oft-reiterated dicta stale, Its muddy phraseology entomb'd In countless tomes, pile over pile, in lino That threatens to extend to crack of doom : E'en the bewilder'd jargon of our courts, 150 In which our laws and rights are strangely mix'd With dry anility that tires the sense. Acquired something like a human sound. Begot by emulation of the stage. 10 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. The orators, the purest in their style, 15^ Disdain'd not then in their delivery To borrow histrionic garniture, And copy from the boards the practis'd grace AVliich made the Kembles models of their art. The pulpit, graceful in her sacred cause, 160 Fulfill' d her mission — surely to the ear, The test most certain by which men can judge, — Much better in our bright dramatic days. The general ear, perverted by the drones, Seeks nought beyond the modulated drawl 165 So often heard in wail of mendicants. And crude declaimers at the tavern feasts. The force of soul-impregned words to win Men's minds and charm them to the speaker's aim, Is rarely felt ; the pow'r to stir men's hearts — 170 Unless in leaders of the mighty Times, Or witty Punch's weekly drolleries — In hopeless, heavy languishmcnt declines; THE TONGUE. 1 1 PART FIRST. Aud still this faint prostration will remain While Britain's venerated sovereignty, ''•'i And nobles, — English to the very core, Save their neglect of native, home-bred arts. And lavish patronage of foreign airs — Prefer exotics to our island plants; The puling song to Britain's manly sense. 180 Nobles of England, can you see decay Our fondly cherish'd kings' and people's pride, The drama, rich indeed with varied stores From the rare mines of many a gifted bard, — The drama, once fair England's mind and soul, 1^5 The spirit of the past, upon whose stage The mighty dead to make their virtues live, Resuscitated, act their parts again, Adorn'd in texture of immortal verse ? Can you behold her temples desolate, 190 Or desecrated by perverted taste, 12 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. Her votaries neglected as her fanes, And sigh not as true patriots must sigh, When you in melancholy ruins view The lauded genius of your native land ? 1^5 0, with a spirit worthy of your sires, Rebuke at once the demon of decay, And bid her temples flourish as of yore ! To give poetic life upon the stage To the creations of the tragic muse — 200 Xo feel the poet's spell engross the soul. Till she can ^\aeld the body at her will, So that each corporal motion, look, and tone, Becomes a reflex of the moving power, And the whole man presents in the wrouglit scene 2'^5 Xhe embodied fiction the magician drew — Is the large province of tlie actor's skill; A region as extensive as the race Of man, and varied as the transient modes TIFK TONflUI':. 13 I'AKT URST. And fitful changes of his fleeting life. 210 Besides the versatility rcquir'd In the display of histronic art, The actor's tongue should thoroughly be train'd So that he may enounce with skill refni'd The author's meaning of the finish'd phrase. 21-'^ His voice should speak the passion which he paints, In accents grateful to a polish'd ear. That the stage artiste rightly comprehend In the minutest shade the part he plays, His knowledge of the language should be deep ; 220 The plain and figurative sense of words — All that adorns the rhetorician's art — Should be famiUar to his active mind. What claim presents the acted drama now To public patronage ? — Of Comedy, 225 jVnd the eccentric sketches which of late Have sometimes quicken'd dulness with the droll, 14 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. And plac'd all merit in a cap and bells, We utter no complaint ; the acting here Is true, and quaint, and rich in touches natural, 230 "W^hen Wright, or AYebster plays ; but richer still "\^Tien Farren sheds his humour o'er the scene. The farcical, and low in word and deed. Or mawkish pathos in bad language dress'd, Engross the nightly and the midnight stage; 235 j'or these, indeed, are to the empty crowd Both apt and plainly comprehensible. And by their insignificance fit well — As soil to dustmen — players' little minds. The painted passion of the tragic scene, 240 JsIq longer claims the tributary tear. Melpomene no more embodied weeps, Save in Macready ; he, sole votary. Still stays th' offended goddess on our slioi'e. THE TONGUE. 15 PART FIRST. Macready, in tliy classical displays 2-15 Arc finely blended genius, study, art ; The scholar's richly lettcr'd mind is thine; Thine, too, the stores of sound philosophy; Thy plastic power transforms the poet's dream To living pictures palpable to sense ; 250 The pleasing shapes Avhich ardent fancy drew Of Hamlet, Lear, Othello, fell Macbeth, In mimic scenes — while raptur'd crowds applaud The drama's Prospero — arc seen in thee. With even more than their poetic grace. 256 Among the puny Thespians of the day 'Tis said that acting is intuitive, And lights on men as the arch watchman* thought Did reading — as a gift free nature grants, And education would but spoil the boon. * Dogberry. — Mvrh Ado ahnitt Nnlhivf/. 16 THE TONGUE, PART FIRST. 260 Instinctive mouthing, then, will fitly serve The public taste and phayers' habitude. Why should not acting rank 'mong lib'ral arts, Since it employs the noblest faculties Of mind — requires the rarest corporal grace ? 265 AYh}' is th' instructive Inisiness of the stage Entrusted to the blind guide, ignorance? Made subject, at the best, to pert caprice. Or pseudo-management of vulgar minds ? Why should not art, all powerful art, that best 270 Arouses and directs man's energies. Exalt the actor as the artizan? She can give action, almost mind indeed, To the inanimate and formless mass. Can tame the elements, or in her might 275 Bid stern defiance to their blnst'ring threats; She may not hush the rudely roaring winds; Or with her veto make the waves be still ; THE TONGUE. 17 PATIT FIRST, But she can hold lier straiglit and onward course AVhcn winds and seas in angry tempest join. 280 All nature yields obedience to her sway ; — The rebel player alone — poor shnpleton ! — Trusting to instinct of his addled brain, Can fret his little hour without her aid. Like metals, even genius has ore, 285 And needs refinement by the tutor's care : The base and earthy parts must be remov'd. And particles of value made cohere. By fusive processes of conqu'ring heat. Ere from the mass, sublim'd, can be produc'd 290 Xhe precious substance which the workman's skill Shapes into jewels dazzling, rich, and rare: Thus, too, tlie gifted, unrefined mind. By education, tutor'd or self-taught. Alone is poet, painter, player, form'd. 295 And truly sometimes he is train'd the best c 18 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. Who by a native, heaven-inspired taste, Can guide his mind the certain course to fame ; But he is pupil still, tho' to himself. For students in each varied branch of art 300 Instruction special, practically nice. To excellence is best and shortest road. The sacred services in which the soul Adores with awe the Power whence she sprung. May well the culture of the tongue demand. 3^5 Alas ! our solemn pidpits often show. In the recital of the Book of Life, IIow coldly even cordial subjects fall From crude outpourings of untutor'd lips. The lifeless page contains the word of God ; •'^'*^' But pow'r to call the lioly influence forth Within the human voice alone resides. In sounds confus'd, and heartless utterance. The Scriptures lose their cliaracter divine. '11 IK TONGUE. 19 TAUT FIRST. The heavenly rays reach not the darken'd soul, 315 So thick the density of clouded speech ; Deaf is the cheated and offended ear, And clos'd is ev'ry entrance to the soul. The promises, the pains, the hopes, the fears. Are lost in chaos of discordant noise. 320 you who at God's holy altar tend — Who are removed from the groveUing herd Of wrangling, trafficking, and sordid men, To preach good tidings to the meek in soul — To heal the contrite and the broken heart — 325 To set at liberty the slaves of sin — To ope the prison doors — to wipe the tears From sorrow's face, and comfort all that mourn : Know you, ye men of God, your sacred charge ? Your feeble ministrations answer this. =^''^" The public execution of this trust c 2 20 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. Can reach the heart, — if there it find the way — But through the porches of the outward ear : This organ is the minister of sound, And trieth words as doth the mouth the food. 335 The vulgar speech performeth not aright The soul's commands. To give her dictates breath, To set them in the happy form of words, Requires the laggard vocal parts well train'd, Each pliant organ working in accord, 340 That she to rich expression may attune The wonderful, complex machine, and make The voice delightful to the charmed sense. Are, then, religion's cause, the hopes, the fears. The destiny of man, the call of heaven, 345 Not worthy of man's highest, noblest pow'rs? Are vulgar accents, uttcr'd with grimace, And mumbling, stutt'ring, and ill-formed sounds, Deem'd good enough to do God's holy work? THE TONGUE. 21 PART FIRST. Or are mankind so hungry for the truth, 350 So very thirsty after righteousness, That, with the eagerness of appetite, Though coarsely may be spread the sacred food. Their famish'd souls will instantly devour? Alas ! their hunger craves forbidden fruit, 355 Their thirst indulges in unhallow'd streams. The man of God must knock at stony hearts, And bend the stubborn will, and make the soul Awe-struck with deep conviction of its guilt. For this the thunder of his eloquence 300 "Will roll its thrcat'nings in the sinner's ear. Till the reverberating peals arouse The trembhng fear which bends the feeble knees, And melts the conscious rebel into prayer; — " thou who rul'st the tempest, hear and save !" 3 Confound all cases, and their objects too. Our senate-house like ancient Babel seems; THE TONGUE. 31 I'AitT ririST. The learned builders of the laws would pile — Like the presumptuous men of Shinar's land — A legal tow'r, whose top may reach to heav'n, 540 And certainly perplex the sons of earth. There such variety of accent reigns, Tliat not a brogue deforms our lady's tongue From Dunnet-Head to Cornwall's rugged shore, But finds its steady representative 545 In our respected and reformed House. The brogues the rare felicity enjoy Of having their provincial rank maintain'd By deputies, so zealous in their cause, That ev'ry cause but theirs is oft forgot : 550 There needs no pledge to make their int'rest sure ; The house and hustings keep in perfect tune. Language is poor, indeed, in sense, or force, When words are nothing but mere breath ; it lacks The gaudy tricks which vagrant music tries 32 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. ^55 When she departs from simple melody, To wander in extravagancies dire. These wild displays, tho' puff'd and lauded oft For rapid execution, or for taste, Are artifices tawdry, fondly void — ^60 Xhe subterfuge of fiddlers lacking brains. Music transports me Avith her wizard spell ; She from the present takes its bitterness. And makes the past, mth its departed joys. Return to bless in fancy's \dvid dream. 5<55 Oh ! what can open mem'ry's stores like some Eemember'd air, a mistress, or lov'd sister, Sung, when faces, sparkling as the morning-dawn, Beam'd heart-felt pleasure round the winter's fire? The wrinkled check, and hoary head, are chang'd ^''^ In the illusion to the hues of youth ; The dead come back, and mingle in the sports That made the morn of life a holiday ; THE TONGUE. 33 PART nHST. The tule, tlie laufrh, the dance, the harmless wile, In fond remembrances come o'er the mind, .075 Xill the lov'd vision of our childhood's home Beguiles to rapture the entranced soul. when the evil spirit comes on man, And he would vainly struggle with his grid', Music's soft strains, as gentle dews descend ^^^^ Upon the thirsty earth, compose his mind, And lull the soothed spirit into peace ! Then give me music; not the wanton notes That form their tingling and falsetto spires, Impertinently on the cheated ear. ss^ Sure none but gingling elves, and fashion's fools. Can laud compounded and confounded noise, And give it music's fascinating name. Give mo the natural and simple air, The flowing notes of plaintive melody, n 34 THE TONGUE. PAUT FIRST. 590 Which speak the language of the musing soul, AVhen words convey not her abstracted mood. Is it in music's pow'r, when unallied To poesy's more intellectual song, To move the springs whence tender feelings flow, ^95 Like the blind bard, denied the solar beams. That he might bask in purer rays of heaven ? Can rarest beauties of unwedded airs Pour such a flood of pathos o'er the mind. As when he darkly sings of Zion Hill, ^^ And sweetly wails j^rivation of that light No sun, nor changeful season, ever brings? Can simple music bid the passions rage, hi all the flashings of their lightning play, Like the immortal verse of Shakspcare's muse? ^^^5 Can music storm and rave like frantic Lear? j\Iove terrors as the wretched father's curse? TIIK TONGUK. 35 I'Airr KiusT. Excite our pity like the poor old man Expos'd, bareheaded, to the tempest's ire? Could voice, or note of stringed instrument, '"" Or any channel of the dulcet sound, Convey such woe as when the aged king- Deplores his injur'd daughter dead, and bids Undo the ligature, that his griev'd soul May quit its bursting tenement of clay? ^^1^'' Say, could mere music fling its playful wit With the bland archness of a Rosalind ? Can it, like Hamlet, blend philosophy With the deep feeling which o'erpowers the man ? Could it the very source of humour ope, <'^^ Like the fat knight of Gadshill memory ? Can it the madden'd brain of jealousy Portray, in all the phases of blind rage, Like the iimcli-loving and abused Moor? Can music spread fix'd horror round, as when 1) 2 Q 6 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. 625 The Thane of Glamis — coward in his crimes — " Has done the deed" upon the sleeping king? Such are the functions of pure poesy, When genius touches with its holy fires The ardent souls of heaven-appointed bards. 630 xhe evanescent sounds which music vaunts, Pass o'er the mind as winds irregular Strike the Eolian chords. The fitful notes. Indeed, are passing sweet, and ravish oft With flash aerial of fantastic joy; 635 But, as the moonbeams on the waters play And leave no trace upon the mirror'd deep, So vanislies light music's lovel}^ dream. Say, what is now the fash ion-fa vour'd strain, Which Britain's beauty and high chivalry 6-if> Delight to practise and to patronize? The flippant variation, wliere the air THE TONGUE. 37 PAKT FIRST. Is lost in rapid, noisy labyrintli ; sAs if the I'cline race in clioi'us join'd Their congregational and social yells, ^■i'^ The freaks of fing'ring, and mad iiddle-dee, Take full possession of the cars polite, Tho' as offensive to the angry sense, As were St. Dunstan's pincers to the nose Of the arch-foe of harmony and peace. ^■''^^ While countless arts society adorn, And, "with sleights magical, supply The cravings of capricious luxury. The art of speech — the music of the tongue — Commands few votaries. The reisn of son":,— 655 The mere effeminacy of the mind, — Is undisturb'd in our weak, piping times. The voice articulate, with sweetness tun'd To vibrate with the feelings' varied play. Alone reveals th' emotions of the soul. 66<^* The eloquence refin'd, by this display'd. 38 THE TONGUE. PART FIRST. Marks the possessor on the road to fame. He, certes, practising this sacred art In truth, rehgion, virtue's holy cause, Shall from above bear patent of his worth ; — ^'^'^ The purest guerdon which a man can own. And meed awarded to the chosen few Who use aright the highest gifts of heav'n. 'Tis thus the messenger of God prepares To do the duties of his sacred trust : ()7o Within he feels the spirit which inspir'd The gifted seers, commission'd from on high, On mighty errands of the Lord of Hosts. The Scripture registers their holy words; But cultur'd voice alone conveys the zeal 075 Which proves their mission was indeed divine : " Hear, ye Heavens, and thou Earth, give ear; " The Lord Himself hath spoken unto men ! " END OF TART FIRST. PART SECOND THE ARGUMENT. Articulation peculiar to man. The articulative organs : the h'ps, the teeth, the tongue; their irreguhirities. Vital and vocal respiration. Language is wholly artificial: — its beginning; its progress. Graceful delivery is not intuitive, but the result of a pi'ocess of art. The causes of corrupted speech. Deformity of the features produced by unskilful utterance. A finishing school. A lady reading. Stammering: — methods for its cure; surgical operations for its eradication mere delusion. Uvulas and tonsils sent to Sir James Graham, to assist him in amending medical studies. The effects of good reading compared to the rays of the Sun irradiating a landscape. Conclusion. THE TONGUE PART SECOND. PART SECOND. Mere voice is common to the brutes as man ; Articulation marks the nobler race ; This is produc'd by wond'rous agency Of the intelligent and active soul, 5 AVhich moulds the breath that has the life sustain'd And makes it act on mechanism nice, Which speaks her feelings and aspirings high. The vocal frame may be distinguish'd thus : The sounding, — and articulative parts. 42 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. 1'^ The organs of the latter kind are these : The hps, the teeth, the pakite, and the tongue. In regulated speech, the labial parts In graceful drap'ry hang around the teeth, As curtains ornate at the door of voice. ^^ The motion of the lips supplies the lungs With strength to put the vocal set in act. This action, necessary to the speech As breath to vital pow'r, should be perform'd With ev'ry feature of the face preserv'd 20 In the cahn, beauteous lines, which nature paints. Extraneous movement is with care eschew'd, For mouthing is repulsive to the sense, Cliicf source of rude deformity, whence spring- Grimace, contortion, and each vice of speech. 25 Delight irradiates the lips with smiles, — The haughtiness of scorn is there portray'd, — Anger convulses them with inward fires, — And here contempt entliron'd defies the world. THE TONGUE. 43 I'AllT SECOND. The teeth in act divide the streams of air ^^' Into the coniphcated parts of speech ; The dental functions guide the vocal breath, And give accession of pulmonic strength. The soul upon the ivory pillars shines In sportive gleamings of her cheerfulness ; =^'"' Laughter exposes them ; and anger fierce — Such as rude life displays — will set them hard : Thus are the surly grinders often shown Of two ex-chancellors in hot dispute. The tongue — prime agent which reveals the soul "A" In all her playful, wildest, maddest moods — When truth and reason regulate its acts. Asserts man's claim to rank as mundane lord. wonderful the might for good or ill Resides within this little member's frame ! -i''> Slander's fell poison lurks upon the tongue — Devotion's strains attune its action bland : 44 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. Love, hate, hope, fear, peace, war, nay, life and death, As passion overbears, predominate And bend the fickle changeling to their sway. 50 When rightly act the complex vocal parts, The lingual range is Avholly palatal. The strokes on this sonorous canopy. Give purest sounds that please the practis'd ear. Sometimes th' obtrusive lips and teeth usurp ^•'5 The lingual functions ; while the sluggish chief — Like languid glutton, being surfeit-cramm'd, Preferring oscitant repose to work, — Grovels between the jaws in fulsome rest. At times, unruly beyond all restraint, 60 The tongue will e'en o'erleap the labial bounds, And gambol evolutions Avhich deform To loathing both the features and the voice. When early discipline has given no check To these disgusting and fantastic tricks, THE TONGUE. 45 I'AUT SECOND. <55 llul)it, still strongest upon little iniiids, Confirms them so they will not ])rook contiv)!. Two processes the casing air sustains, — Vitality and speech. The vital stream, Inhal'd by nostrils, enters to the lungs, "*^ To act upon the blood and springs of life. The vital process done, the breath escapes By the same passage which it took at first. These motions nature regulates, for she Trusts not the preservation of the race 75 To acts which idleness, or want of care In man, may oft neglect, or leave undone. But voice articulate, refin'd and clear. Another act of respiration claims, AVhich even lib'ral nature teaches not. ^'"* Thus works the fluid atmospherical. When it is made subservient to speech : The life-preserving processes achiev'd, 46 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. The breath then plays upon the vocal chords, As it recedes from the refreshed lungs. ^•■^ No state of inspiration can do this ; Words salutary, grateful to the ear, By expiration only can be form'd. This is the secret of the speaker's art, Tlie golden rule for eloquence and health. '-^^ The use of this begets both strength and ease, And makes the mental and corporeal powers Cooperate in mutual harmony. Language, both in its structure and its sounds. In prose, or stately verse, is wholly art. ^•'' By man, for his convenience, was it fram'd ; At first in social state to speak his wants, To praise the fair, or tell the loves he felt. AA^licn observation and maturer time Led him to meditate upon himself — 100 'j^],(^, Yjjried beauties so profusely shed — THE TONGUE. 47 I'AKT SIX'ONn. Eartli's l)()iiiitics — the noctunial laooii so lair — By clay the splendours of the glorious sun — Tlie seasons regular in chanireful round — And sparkling grandeur of the starry skies ; 105 These, strange, and bounteous, marvellous to man, Excited in him wond'ring gratitude. He sought at length beyond the astral sheen For authors of this vast magnificence. To whom he might pour out his heart, surcharg'd 11^ With burthen of the thanks and praise he ow'd For goodness tasted, and for greatness seen. The kind Creator, pleas'd to see that man, Had he but signs to tell his glowing mind, Would yield the willing homage of his soul, 1 1 •"' Then touch'd his grateful heart with heavenly fires, And made him fluent in enraptur'd song. Thus got he subjects for his in-born power; All nature furnish'd images of thought. And words increas'd as things familiar grew. 48 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. 120 So he to language tiirn'd the breath of life, And still improves it with an artist's skill. Delivery, too, is art ; whether it be To read, or speak, or pompously declaim. The simple or the energetic style 125 Must be acquir'd, and kept within the bounds Which nature recognizes as her own. She, never willing that her favour'd sons Should waste in idleness their fleeting hours, Or gain distinction not by labour won, 1^0 Has only organs given for speech; their use — wise the dispensation that forbids, As enemy to man, degrading sloth ! — Is but another subject for his skill And care assiduous in tasteful art. ^•■^•'^ Such study calls forth all the latent force Of fancy, or of genius — the germs Of poesy — devotion's lioly zeal — THE tongup:. IS) PAKT jSKCOND. And contemplations lofty as that homo — The Father's house — to which the soul aspires. He, then, who spurns, or, indolent, neglects, ^*.i40 Xhe pleasing task of highly-gifted minds, Is, self-confess'd, unworthy of the place Which heaven assign'd him on the social scale. This noble study mind and matter share. And each the other aids by powers cnlarg'd. 1 ■*•'■' The cause is worthy of the man entire. The blended act of body and of soul. A malformation of the vocal parts Is rare; tho' members which enunciate Arc prone, from gross and ignorant abuse, 1"^^* To much disorder and impediment. The sluggish tongue protrudes between the teeth. So that the fulsome lisp offends the eye, And most uncoutlily comes upon the ear. The teeth and lips, in uninstructed speech, E 50 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. 155 Oft take the lingual movements, and produce, By usurpation, much deformity. The burring E, will vibrate in the cheeks, Or, with a childish fondness, make the lips His regular, tho' very rude, retreat. 160 The consonants change places very oft ; Like rival politicians in the state, Each striving hard to turn the other out. The nose, when gen'ral anarchy prevails, Assays with might to drag both M and N 1^5 Into his grunting, snivelling servitude; The T and D each other fiercely bite, Till C or K usurps the seat of both. These elements in giddy maze are mix'd. And know not where to stay the rushing breath. 1'" The vowels — soul of melody in speech — Are rudely forc'd from their deep mellow seat, And harshly broken on tlie dcntnl range. TIIK TONGUE. 51 TAUT SECOND. The breath confus'd, not knosving wlierc to find All outlet, the elastic cheek distends, 175 AVorks up the features in tempestuous heave, And makes such strange, fantastic shapes. As many of our players and preachers show. Town-criers — yea, the drawling parish-clerks, Are by their l)etters marvellously out-mouth'd. 180 Xhis strange confusion of the elements Of language much delivery deforms, But injures more the features passing fair Of Britain's lovely maids in " Finish " [)laced, To learn the graces from some ancient dame — i^'* The tender spring in winter's gelid care. Behold the female pedant — turn'd three score : The unsolicited of all mankind ; The dread of all to whom young love is dear. If social passions e'er did move her breast, 1^*' They long have been extinct ; the trunk alone, E 2 52 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. Attenuated, sour'd by time, remains. She exercises her duenna sway AVithout a generous feeling, or a heart In which aught genial can lodge : yet she — 195 ^s gaolers are selected — is preferr'd As stern improver of the gentle sex. A single growl from this cerberean scold "Will make the youthful blood run cold with fear. An awful croaker in theology — 200 She settles knotty and disputed points So cleverly would make a bishop stare. With zeal detesting speech vernacular, She nibbles at three foreign languages, As sickly mice gnaw at a Glo'ster cheese ; 205 But understands as little of their lore As these small deer can know of honesty. Much learning has she as a pepper-box Contains of piquant powder; just enough To make one feel th' outlandish spice o'erheats, THE TONGUK. 53 I'AUT SECOND. 21^ Not relishes, the wliolesoine English fare. To keep up something like a home connection, She culls from Pinnock's useful pennyworths — Gleanings of history catechetical. To form a patch- work of epitomes, 215 AVitli which to cover ignorance, and show That English reading is not quite forgot. A serviceable cunning can supply The place of knowledge. Boldly she confronts All opposition of a dang'rous kind, 220 And rails down merit with a venom'd tongue. Hypocrisy — as deep as is the well Where truth is hid, in her is close conceal'd As is the goddess in the spring profound. Such is the Malaprop to whom the fair, 225 Illustrious oft in fortune and in birth. Are recklessly consign'd — to be mistaught, To mumble and to jabber tongues unknown. 54 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. And spend abortively their precious time. But there are ladies — England's dearest pride — 230 ^Yho give the vigour of informed minds, To deck their pupils with each varied grace That ev'ry useful, lib'ral art, can yield ; — Who watch the female blossom as it dawns — Who set to virtue all the infant shoots, 2^5 ^nd shelter them from cver-threat'ning blights, Until the early fruits appear to bless The parents' hearts, and realize each prayer, In the accomplish'd maids, and happy wives. See beauty, fairer still by filial love, 2-io The minister of case to waning life ! The aged sire, his sense of vision lost. In darkness sits, his grandchild by his side. His eyes no more can view corrupted earth, Which has for liim one only blessing left. 2'i'"^ His mental sight is that of tranced souls, THE TONGUE. 55 TART SECOND. That ran<^e in j<^ys the eye ne'er saw, the ear Ne'er heard, nor hath the heart of man conceiv'd. His thoughts are now in heaven ; and all he loves His fancy pictures in that region too. 250 He, in his rapt imagination, sees His child — the cherish'd daughter of his heart — Smiling benignly 'mong the blessed choirs. The lovely Angelina, now his life. Was orphan relict of an only son, 255 "Who, with'ring ere his manhood's prime, had sunk With her he lov'd, into an early grave. The solitary man, to whom the world, With all its vanities, had disappear'd. Found in this child his only earthly bliss ; 2(^0 She, self-devoted, knew no other care Than this — the comfort of her aged sire. She reads the word of God. sweet and low The tuneful softness of her mellow voice ! 'Tis God's own instrument reveals His will. 56 THE TONGUE. TART SECOND. 265 richer far are its harmonious notes Than stringed harp, or dulcet lute, or reed, Or aught of art musician's skill could frame ; More captivating to the charmed ear Than were the fabled strains of Orpheus' lyre ! 2''0 Her attitude — her air — is simple grace. Upon her lips, and in her features, beams Intelligence, with modesty combin'd. Her respiration, undulating, flows In sounds salubrious. Each lineament 2"5 Is placid on the mind-illuniin'd face. The emanations from the love divine So radiate the ever-hallow'd page, That heav'nly truth unclouded shines, as when The blessed Jesus opened his mouth. 280 AVhile thus engag'd, the pious maiden seems. In figure and in deed, of those bright forms That sometimes deign'd to visit holy men. And cheer them in their heavy pilgrimage. THE TONGUE. 57 PART SECOND. Alllictive most of all the vocal ills 2^5 Is stammering. This cruel malady Not only preys convulsive on the frame, In its harsh struggle for conceived sound, But agitates the nerves, infects the brain. And spreads, like guilt, a terror o'er the mind. 2^^ The soul, imprison'd by impediment, Can find no egress to her ardent thoughts ; In anguish, soundless, they again return, And settle round her in a dumb despair. No social hour that heaven allots to man 295 Can shed a joy around the sufF'rer's heart ; Converse he shuns ; the poor afflicted one In silence pines, and mourns his hapless fate ; And since he cannot speak the glowing things He fain would breathe in words, he wastes his breath 300 In solitary sighs, and weeps alone. This state so piteous, and, alas, not rare, 58 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. Cries shame upon the learning which at once Is great in useless trifles and conceits, But mainly ignorant how vocal air, 305 "When skilfully directed in its course. Can give th' obstructed organs fluent play. The art to counteract this malady Is little known. The process curative — Whatever empirics and mountebanks may vaunt — 310 Is by the culture of the parts for speech To literary and colloquial use. The learned faculty, however fain To vindicate their honour, and preserve Their legal standing from imputed fraud, 315 In the irregularities of speech Have neither skill, nor right, to interfere ; Sly quack'ry then finds scope for all its tricks; Charms, drugs, and herl^s from many simples cull'd, Specifics brought from realms beyond the sea; THE TONGUE. 59 PART SECOND. 320 Machines such us the wise Chinese employ To reguhite the female gait ; tlie spell Of some euphonious words enounc'd with care, As " Doctor Tucker," " Roiuid the rugged rocks," Or " Peter Piper pecking at the peas."* ^^-•■' But these are sadly stale and vidgar cheats. And still unwhipp'd of justice, for the knaves, — " The practisers of arts inhibited," — Secure themselves from punishment condign By oaths which bind the poor unhappy dupes 3;3() Xo solemn silence. Thus the pick-purse rogues Defraud the stern Old Bailey of his dues, And Norfolk Island of some fettcr'd oranofs. Late came a waddling tribe from Surgeon's Hall, To scare the goslings by their louder quack. * Tlicse are a few of the specifics which are employed by quacks Cur the eradication of stainiucring. 60 THE TONGUE. PATIT SECOND. 335 The venerable hall incurs no blame ; For wholesome bodies oft are gen'rative Of wens, foul tumours, and excrescences. We never can impugn the noble stems From which exude the salutary streams 340 Which spread in healthful currents o'er the land. Exult, science, in thy new allies ! Gas, steam, balloons, the railways' lightning speed, Fierce Captain Warner's own explosive bomb. Whose force would sink a navy at a bang; — 345 The windy Reid who blows both hot and cold, July and chill December in a puff — The lunar club for outcast patriots — To thy recorded triumphs now add this, — A goose and lancet make the dumb to speak! 350 The doughty deeds by surgery achiev'd, Are blazon'd in the journals of the day. THE TONGUE. 61 I'AKT SKOOM). Wide spreads the woiiderfnl discovery, And soon the bounce a gen'ral credence gains; Why should it not? AVould lies appear in print? 3o5 ^v rumour of the marvellous exceeds Ten thousand times the force of simple truth. Asses have spoken — many still can talk ; Cackling in season, once sav'd mighty Rome. From far and near afflicted stamm'rers come ; ,3(;() Their anxious hearts beat high with cherish'd hope. Much is the wonder — much the vulgar stare, Among a gaping crowd, to see, indeed, Bethesda's scenes in sinful days renew'd. " The best o' cut-throats" brandishes aloft 3''"' llis lancet bright, in argument more keen. More cutting in its course than fiery speech Of Radical, when he the charter moves, Or sturdy Leaguer, when his blood is up At the ascending prices in ]\rark-lane. 62 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. 2"^ Or an incens'd attorney when he finds He cannot cage a man for nineteen pounds ; Or an attorney-general enrag'd, Whose mind is prim'd, yea and percussion-cnpp'd, And who his pistols wields for pleas in law. 3'^ Your medical is smart to a degree, If he a licence have to follow game, Or gain, — the terms are quite synonymous. He, a true sportsman, brings his patients down And keeps them so — the object of his sport. ^^^ He, too, can hit his quarry on the wing. Because 'tis in his bond, to " kill, kill, kill!" mark the march — the strides, of intellect, The raising of the wind by stirring brains, The pressure of the poor-rates, and the calls 385 For Peel's state medicine — the pocket purge, The strategy of the united powers Of steel and brass, in I'ortune's hour of need ! THE TONGUE. 03 PAUT SECOND. Sheridan the brif^ht, Burke suljliinc, John Walker, with thy rules beyond all rule, •^'^" Stutt'ring Demosthenes with pebbles mouth'd. Tonsure halt" done to keep thee from the lij^lit AVhen thou didst beat thy pate about the cave ; Long-winded Pitt — sarcastic Charlie Fox — George Canning, with tliy grace and polish'd wit — ^'^•"' A set of plodding simpletons you were ; You took much pains to learn the art of speech ; You should, instead, have taken medicme. IMark how th' obstructed tongue gets fluency : The stutt'ring patient 's seated in a chair, And thus made handy for the gory man. One who could drink hot blood stands by with disli To catch in time the rushing, purple stream. The " little member 's" tam'd for once ; prcss'd down, Like raving madman bound within his cell, That thus the cunning man may see his way (lO 405 64 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. To cut and come again — to cut again. He stares into the ill-assorted mouth ; — His eyes examine well the prostrate tongue; — The coast is clear; in cabman's phrase — " all's right." '^1'^ Presto I "Whack, whack ! — Behold the stammer's gone. The standers-by exclaim, — "0, wonderful! Was ever man like this ! He's sent ! Inspir'd ! " — The operator thus : — " Now, gentlemen, Your looking eyes behold that this is done!'''' — 415 So are the patients, as they soon shall know. " This triumph surgical ne'er seen before!" He calls upon the newly-loosen'd tongue To give a specimen of franchisement : — " Now, sir, rise up and boldly speak my skill; 420 Then say, could school or college e'er match this ?" The patient rises, pale as Banquo's ghost, And wildly stares, and shakes his gory locks. "Say, sir, are you avcU?" — " Y-y-y-e-s s-s-s-ir, b-b-b-better now !" TIIK TONGUE. 05 TAUT SKCOND, " Ladies aiid gentlemen, tho' now he speaks, •i^^ And rather hesitates, confusedly, The cure is certain." — All the dupes again. In chorus for the miracle perform'd, Exclaim — in ecstacies — " 0, wonderful!" \^The operator calling off to an assistant.'] " Ho, Mr. Cackler ! Patients ready there ! 430 Now bring them up by twenties at a time." The sanguinary work goes on ; the parts Which the Creator wisely form'd for speech Are hack'd and mangled mth a frantic zeal ; The fragments of the lacerated mouths 435 ji^YQ shewn in triumph to the wond'ring croAvd, Who marvel much that superfluities In man's construction are but now expos'd. And only for the first time science-prun'd ! F Q6 THE TONGUE. PART SECONB. " woe ! the aches and ills we had escap'd, ■^^^ Had skilful surgeons plann'd the human frame !"- This rare collection of cut uvulas And tonsils, pickled in transparent jars, No doubt will be preserv'd as relics dear Of ignorance medicinally blaz'd, •^^•5 And sent to Graham, when he next assays To strangle rampant humbug by a bill. The things which are all ears and meet all eyes, The imps of fame that round the welkin run, The tidings tell from east to Occident, •15^^ And laud the proud effects of surgery, — The wondrous science of this wondrous age — The safety of an educated leech ! Lists of the perfect cures are sent abroad ; And all but stammerers icho have been cufd 4 ''5 Can praise in words the very learned skill Shown ])y tlie gory elocutionists. TUK TONGUE. (\7 PART SKCONH. The fi:iant pow'r of native eloquence, Tho' now it slumbers in its letter'd folds, Will wake invigorated by repose, '^'j^' Stretch to activity its frcshen'd limbs. And, wielding round its renovated strength, Will drive the owlish gluttons from the fanes. The hallow'd temples which their sloth defiles. The eyes which dulness closes then will see, — ■^^^ The ears which stale monotony impedes, Will open to instruction's charmed sounds — And heav'n upon the happy change will smile. The mammon-worshippers who grind the poor, And gather hoards from rags and Lazarites, ^~*' Who reap their harvests from the cursed soil Water'd by widows' and by orphans' tears, Soul-struck, they will their evil deeds proclaim, And even bear to see the wretched bless'd. The motley scenes society presents — '^''^ The gaudy rich — the squalid poor — pomp — vice- 68 THE TONGUE. PART SECOND. Fashion's parade — famine's pale face — debauch — Disease — contemptuous pride — brute ignorance, And all the monster evils which proceed From penury and wealth— will then be chang'd. 480 This fabric, bas'd on misery, will pass As does remembrance of a troubled dream ; And man will wonder when he wakes to trutli, How strange, how fierce, the frenzy of his brain. And thank his God delirium has pass'd ! •1^5 The noxious weeds remov'd, this goodly sphere Will yield the fruits, health, competence, and peace. Man then in man a brother's face will see, — Joy in his brother's joy — grieve when he mourns ; And, dwellino- thus in interchano'e of love, 490 The human family, with grateful hearts. Will share the bounties which their Father sends. The human voice is man's immortal part Made audible. The liabitnnt of clay — THE TONGUE. HO TAUT SKCOND. As arc tlic winds of heaven — unseen is heard. •^"•"' The toni-uc reveals, or else conceals her moods. The generous in soul are free in speech ; The rancorous, in language arc confus'd ; The noble mind is in expression pure ; The sordid, still in utterance is mean. 500 The form of words by any signs display'd, Dimly portrays, and frigidly transmits, The vivid thoughts, with varied feelings fraught, Conceiv'd within the brooding mind of him AVho finds his inspiration in his theme. 505 'Xis as a landscape but obscurely seen; A meagre outline only meets the view; The tow'ring hills — the verdant vales — the groves- The fields enamell'd — smoothly gliding streams — The forest waving to the wanton breeze — 510 The charms of sweetly mingled light and shade — And tints that decorate the gay parterre, — 70 THE TONGUE. FART SECOND. Are lost till sun-beams give them to the eye In all their native loveliness array'd. 'Tis thus mth language when not read with skill •''1 "• The settled darkness of the vulgar sounds Conceals each emanation of the soul. The tutor'd tongue — e'en as the solar rays Dispel the thickness over nature spread — Gives all the mental beauties to the ear, s^*^ Stamps them with feeling and eternal truth, And makes them treasures in the hearers' minds. that the pastors of the erring flocks Knew, piety and taste may be allied ; That e'en the Book of Life is dumb until ^■-5 The timed voice can pour the latent strain, And bear it, in its sacred, thrilling pow'r, To awe, or soothe the trembling sinner's soul ! Who would not wish to hear the holy page THE TONGUE. 71 PAUT SECOND. As Siddon.s read the bard of Avon's verse? nso xjj^. hearer then, by lucid truth suljdu'd, Must in the reader feel the man of God, And, with tlie infant prophet's zeal, exclaim, — " Thou callcst, and Thy servant heareth Thee " ! Tiiou from whom to sons of men descend •'*'^'"^ Each good and perfect gift, into our hearts Shed light which far transcends Thy solar beams, — The light that shows Thy will, and guides to Thee ! Touch Thou our lips with hre ! Be on our tongues, Made meet by Thee, as dearly-cherish'd themes, s-*^ The hallow'd praises of Thy holy name ! May words of strife — of evil speaking, cease; And be our thoughts and speech approv'd by Thee. The pow'r to plead the poor man's cause confer; To urge his claims to eat the daily bread 5-15 Which Thou, beneficent Creator! send'st. make us ever stronu' in the defence 72 THE TONGUE. PARI SECOND. Of innocence abus'd ! The wicloAv's plea hano' around our hearts ! The fatherless- The outcast children of calamity — 550 give them shelter in fraternal love ! To pity melt the stony hearts of men, And make benevolence fill all the earth, As waters do the channels of the deep. THE END. LONDON: UICIIAUD.S, I'UINIIU, 10(1, sr. UTACITIN'S I.ANK. ELOCUTION. A COM I'LETK SYSTEM OF VOCAL AND EXPRESSIVE DELIVERY UY MR. ALEXANDER BELL, (Pro/fssor of Elocution), No. 58, UPPER NORTON STREET, PORTLAND PLACE. ' Nature liut or^'ans nives for eloquence ; Slie leaves tlieir culture to her liaDdmaid, Art. Htliou would.st use aright the boon ors|(ecch, Take |>nin.s to cultivati' the faculty Which sUiMips thee loril of all the tribes r)f earth, And r.iuks l!iee with the liiyh exislciicis ' iilocutionarp fnStruftionS CoMPRiSK the Use and Discipline v\' tlio Wical Organs — Systematic Respiration — llu; rrinciples of Articulation — Modulation of the Voice — Practical Kloqneiice from the Bible, llie Liturgy, Milton, Slialispeare, &c., and the principles of appropriate Gesture. The advantages which emanate from this Scicntitic Systeiu are: freedom from Pulmo- nary difhcully in Reading and Spealdng, Distinct Articulation, and the certainty of acijuiring a pleasing and an eHicieiit delivery. \ Single Ct)iir.se of Instructions (12 Lessons) imparts a very considerable degree of practical power. Clergymen, Members of Parliament, Ilarristers, and other Classes of Public Speakers, experience the power and ea.se in delivery which this System en.sures. Stammering. The First Three Lessons greatly mitigate the Impediment ; every subsequent Exercise advances the Improvement, inilil the complete Eradication of Stammering and all its grievous concomitants. Besides being freo from hesitation in their ordinary intercourse with society, the Pupils are able to Read and Recite in an elociuent manner. Mr. Bell's System of Cure repudiates the wanton cruelty of Surgical Operations, which can only inflict unnecessary pain, and terminate in the bitterness of disappointment. Medical or Surgical Treatment cannot vocalize the breath, or adjust the organs of sjieech to their proper functions. There can be no relapse of Stammering; the principles ensure progressive and perma- nent improvement. The Pupils, according to their ages and acquirements, are instructed in Reading, Grammar, Geography, Elocution, and Oratory. The Terms are regulated by the circumstances of the applicant, and the nature of the Impediment, Children of five years may be received as Pupils. Dffcftibc ^Hvtifulattoii. In this iue comprehended. Burring — ^Lisping — Indistinctness of Utterance — Nasal Intonation — Alphabetical Defects, as in the pronunciation of L, M, N, R, S, TH, ami W . The fdUowing Eniahlishmenls for Instnirlion in Eloeulion, and (he Eradioaiimi of Sl(immering,Sj-c. arc condiicled by Mr. Bell's Sons : — DUBLIN: -9, DOLIER STREET, by Mr. D. C. Bell. EDINBURGH:— 10, SOUTH CHARLOTTE STREET, by Mr A.M. Bell. *^* The New Testament with the text of the Common Translation arranged in Para- ijrai)hs,nnd illiislraled hi/ Rlieloriral Piincliialiou (dedicated, by Permission, to her Majesty the Queen Dowager) ; the Praclical Elocutionist ; and a Treatise on the Causes and Cure of Stammering, if 0. by Alexander Bell, Professor of Elocution, may be had of the Booksellers . UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. Form L9-50m-7,'54(5990)444 THE LI1?RAUY U]SIVERSn Y OF ( ALIFORNl* LOS AN(;ELES pR______Bell_^ 1^099 The tongue B392t UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY iiii II Hill nil iiiii iiiii mil Mill mil iiiii Hill mil III AA 000 380 298 PR h099 B392t