SPENCEFv'IAN ^ 
 SHORTHAN 
 
 lum 

 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 V^ 
 
 .V
 
 / 
 
 Spencerian Shorthand 
 
 for 
 
 Amanuensis, Court, and Verbatim 
 Reporting 
 
 L . C. S P ><' N C E R ^^ 
 
 Eighth Edition 
 
 Price $2.00 
 
 ?'>bHshe<i and Sold by the 
 SPENCER PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 New Urleans, La.
 
 Copyrighted 1913 
 
 By 
 
 SPENCER PUBLISHING CO. 
 
 All Rights Reserved 
 
 Press of 
 
 LOUISIAN'A PRINTING CO., Ltd. 
 
 New Orleans, La.
 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 Since the last edition of this little book, the 
 Spenccrian Quick Writing system has made 
 enormous progress, not only with professional 
 stenographers but with the general public. 
 
 In the edition preceding the present, the 
 author was content to state as simple facts 
 the claims of the system. 
 
 So stated, they appear to all writers of other 
 systems extravagant enough ! 
 £ Yet there is nothing so hard as a fact. 
 •* Whether in the material world or in the 
 ^ impalpable realm of the intellectual, facts are 
 cc equally indestructible. 
 Zj Men and all their fallacies die, but their facts 
 
 live on. 
 ^ It was never the intent of the inventor and 
 J, developer of this system, laboring single- 
 g mindedly, with one great goal ahead of a life's 
 "* ambition, to devise merely a new stenography, 
 whose excellencies were to be entered in a race 
 y with those of all the other splendid systems 
 t born of the genius of man. 
 
 t- His real aim, however, and whether or not 
 
 he had attained it, he preferred at that time to 
 
 state rather as detailed facts of an achievement. 
 
 From these facts, now demonstrated beyond 
 
 question or cavil, the studioifs mind every- 
 
 448302
 
 where deduced certain unavoidable and incal- 
 culably important conclusions. 
 
 1. The Spencerian Quick Writing is not 
 phonography. It is simplified spelling, written 
 with the simplest characters, governed by the 
 simplest rules: 
 
 2. Its aim has been to be as quick as speech 
 and as legible as longhand, and that aim is 
 achieved. 
 
 3. It was never intended for the exclusive 
 use of the professional stenographer. 
 
 4. It is a new meth§d of writing, by which all 
 men, instead of using the slow longhand, may 
 write each other as swiftly as they speak, which 
 speed must be admitted to be a requisite wnthoiit 
 which all writing is deficient and inadequate. 
 
 Such a writing, to be accepted and to come 
 into the general use for which it is intended, 
 must be so simple as to be easily mastered by 
 the grown person, now using longhand, as well 
 as by the child as little advanced as the Third 
 Grade of our Public Schools. 
 
 The summary of the claims made in the pre- 
 ceding edition clearly make out such a claim 
 total for the Spencerian Quick Writing. Had 
 these claims, or any of them, been untrue, they 
 would have fallen as the lie always does. 
 
 A wonderful other result has been the case. 
 Multitudes have demonstrated them practi- 
 cally. 
 
 Children have so forcibly verified them that 
 numerous daily and weekly newspapers are 
 presenting tlie ten short, simple lessons to
 
 meet the demand and for the benefit of their 
 general readers. 
 
 Boldly and plainly slated, this system aims 
 to take the place ultimately of longhand among 
 men — for the reason that it is infinitely simpler 
 and infinitely swifter than longhand and abso- 
 lutely as legible. 
 
 No one who has watched a pupil or a class, 
 from the initial to the final lesson, can doubt 
 the ease with which it is learned, the speed 
 with which it is written, the legibility with 
 which it is read or that — whatever the delay 
 in the process of evolution, resulting naturally 
 from conditions — Spencerian Quick Writing 
 has come to take the place of longhand uni- 
 versally among men. 
 
 No one knowing the utter impossibility of 
 using any other system as a means of writing 
 between men can fail to understand why none 
 of these systems has ever made any pretense 
 or progress in this wise; and why the Spence- 
 rian Quick Writing stands alone in aspiration 
 and accomplishment; and why, affording this 
 vast utility, it is as certain of universal use 
 as were the typewriting and adding machines, 
 or the linotype. 
 
 On the marvelous progress made in less than 
 a year, often converting the most stubborn, 
 most analytical and finest experts and teachers 
 of shorthand in the land, and that by the force 
 of gravity of its own inherent arguments 
 (which have never failed where they have had 
 a hearing even among hostile commercial in- 
 terests), is based the certain prediction that this 
 system is destined to rule in every college and
 
 school where shorthand is taught for the pro- 
 fessional use of the student; and that, witn the 
 certain growth and increase of its well founded 
 fame, some state, adopting it for its public 
 schools, will demonstrate to the world a gen- 
 eration of children writing to each other, before 
 the close of the first session, with a speed of 
 which their fathers never dreamed, and to these 
 parents as remarkable as the telephone would 
 be to one of our suddenly resurrected great- 
 grandfathers. 
 
 It is impossible to conceive the great Ameri- 
 can people standing still in the universally used 
 art of writing when a new invention, so easily 
 within the reach of all, will save each user from 
 five to twenty times the time he now consumes 
 in transferring thought from his brain to the 
 paper and thence to some one else. Such an 
 outcome is impossible to the brain of normal 
 A.merican progress. 
 
 L. C. Spencer.
 
 The Alphabet 
 
 of 
 
 Spencerian Shorthand 
 
 FIRST LESSON. 
 
 DOWNWARD AND FORWARD STROKES, 
 
 b d f g k 1 m n r s ss t v w y-ly 
 
 scs 
 
 ,..../..(....! ! ^.../r..^....>-^.,v p o....^..\.:^.,..,... 
 
 sh ing-ng shun 
 ■ .■■^. ^ 4 
 
 Vowel position '^.....„..r£<f... ^ ..^,^ -^ 
 
 1. The vowel position is never read before 
 a character. A letter placed in any vowel posi- 
 tion is read first, and the vowel is read next, 
 thus: "N" placed in the "I" position, above 
 the line, is "NT," placed on the line, in the " E" 
 position, is "NE," written through the >.ine, 
 in the "A" position, is "NA," etc. 
 
 1
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 2. Write only the sounded letters in a word. 
 
 ''uy 
 bi 
 
 y 
 
 .. says 
 sas 
 
 ••••o... 
 
 see 
 * se 
 
 ...p 
 
 she 
 
 <7r-. . 
 
 may . 
 
 ..._.. 
 
 .. mow 
 mo 
 
 ••— •• 
 
 my 
 mi 
 
 ...rrr.. 
 
 show 
 she 
 
 
 ma 
 
 a 
 
 die 
 
 ( 
 
 new 
 nu 
 
 
 view 
 ■" vu 
 
 \""' 
 
 shy 
 •shi 
 
 o— 
 
 di 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 fie 
 
 ) 
 
 .. vie 
 
 \ 
 
 knee 
 
 
 boy 
 
 
 fi 
 
 
 VI 
 
 
 ne 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 gay 
 ga 
 
 1 
 
 ... tie 
 ti 
 
 
 .. rise 
 ' ris 
 
 ^^ fully 
 fuly 
 
 y 
 
 was 
 
 ...:>^.... 
 
 nose 
 nos 
 
 • •^^_p... 
 
 nice 
 ■* nis 
 
 pdays 
 
 das 
 
 i- 
 
 nicely . 
 
 ...rrr:^, 
 
 ... no- 
 tion 
 
 ■^^.iy— 
 
 .. sing 
 
 /> 
 
 sing- 
 
 £? 
 
 nisly 
 
 
 ing 
 
 
 3. A word-sign is a character that stands for 
 the word. 
 
 4. The student should memorize the wora- 
 signs so as to be able to write them rapidly and 
 without hesitation. 
 
 PUNCTUATION. 
 
 tekl :.? ^ H --()[] "
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND 
 
 5. WORD-SIGNS. 
 
 I-the ....,..-..pr..'.... satisfy-ed-action ...^.c^.. 
 actory 
 
 if ■' a-an-and 1 
 
 of ....''. give-gave-given 
 
 will-well (^.: have-half ...."S..! 
 
 dXt- .^. in-any .., "^^^ 
 
 gentlemen '., think-thank .-^... 
 
 gentleman | such-shall-ship-ed f, 
 
 is-his 'P take-took-taken ,.. 
 
 as-has o ^ow v-^. 
 
 US-used-use- before-belong . _^ 
 
 ful <? 
 
 you-your from-form /... 
 
 thing f are-or-our V. 
 
 ness .„...?r.. company
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 6. The word-signs ."a-an-and," and "I-the" 
 should be made very short. 
 
 7. To phrase "and-a, and-an," write the last 
 tick horizontally to the left. 
 
 and I-thc ...:.*: and a .^. and I see !:{,.. ..w. ..„ 
 
 the 
 
 and I do and a f. and the 1^..,. 
 
 > fee flqv 
 
 the 
 
 day 
 
 you and I and a j^ and I will 
 
 and the t. fake 
 
 You may buy the roses if you care to do so. 
 You may sec us in four or five days. 
 
 V^ ^ — ..^...>>r....^^ (^.M 
 
 We may give you the money to buy the roses, 
 
 -. i _ y 
 
 ■\^-' 
 
 See letters i and 2. Diclaliou book, for practice ic 
 connection with this lesson.
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 5 
 
 8 SECOND LESSON 
 
 Up strokes p q sq ch j \vh. 
 
 ....^.^ d'. .cTT. o^ <>^ C.^_ 
 
 Strokes made up or down 
 Ik h th u ing-ng shun. 
 
 ...<^...rr'r^,/....,<^.^..<^ 0..9y.)^. <<?. rT.frr.f. f vyf.i.. 
 
 Forward and downward strokes 
 ace i o z X tw-dw, 
 
 /S. . . . . ^O* /?.... "vr, .j.^. Trt. ... 9r~. .....<? r=r', ) 
 
 The "SH" character is used only at the 
 beginning of words or when standing alone. 
 
 When " Y-LY" will not make a good joining 
 with the preceding character strike it hori- 
 zontally to the "right or left." 
 
 "C" is seldom used unless as an initial. 
 
 A proper name is indicated by placing the 
 ditto marks (") directly underneath it. 
 
 When standing alone "H" is written with 
 the open end down; when connected with other 
 characters, it may be written up or down. 
 
 "GH" is written down after "B, F, M," and 
 "W." 
 
 "B" is made up at the beginning when 
 followed by "Q." 
 
 "L" is always written up when standing 
 alone; when joined to other characters it may 
 be written up or down. 
 
 "U" is always understood after "O."
 
 /?.. 
 
 V 
 
 6 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 9. A dot jjlaced before a character expresses 
 the long sound of the position vowel ; after it, the 
 other sounds. This is seldom if ever necessary. 
 
 law ^ Fay j pale _>' ,sigh ....°. 
 
 lay .... y^. bane 7^ -.gay \ he 
 
 paw jy/ joy .pan _/r-rf... nook 
 
 pay .. ^ chew weigh ..--^^ M ke ..'~^.. 
 
 my -;77 fetch..,.] neigh ^_^.. lake ^7 
 
 nigh -^ leach /:^pug pike . -^. 
 
 P^8 ...n<^.... beach 7... dutch - shake .,,—.... 
 
 page A batch j , ditch -■■ notch ^^^^ 
 
 cake ,^^f.., pone hole -^ squeak ^ 
 
 10. WORD-SIGNS. 
 
 how-hope ... beyond ^. 
 
 / 
 
 disappoint-ed- ■• yet •^- 
 
 ment ■» 
 
 defend-ed-ant > i develop-ed- ( 
 
 ment 
 
 subiect-ed-tion
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 11. 
 
 week 
 
 wish 
 
 to 
 
 money 
 
 teach 
 
 toy 
 
 row 
 
 sail 
 
 ocean 
 
 make 
 
 .rv:^.nag 
 .!^.... touch. 
 
 >T'- 
 
 size .*-^...joke 
 
 sizes ^ ^ foe 
 
 .coKe 
 
 ..^. 
 
 J^ woke fang 
 
 yoke / . chew- 
 
 yell y^ quick ^. 
 
 ..;^ load 
 
 beak 
 
 ..rrr^.-fully 
 
 ..^...foUy 
 
 . she 
 
 ....^....shy 
 
 ...rT?.....bake ...J^ lag ,....^ . hack 
 
 .,r~^- lea ..<^- squaw .y^.... leak 
 
 FIGURES. 
 
 y 
 
 yale , ^..whig .^,.. 
 
 miU - 
 
 mo- 
 tion 
 
 ..<7...... 
 
 $15-50. $5- $500- $5,000. $500,000, $5,000,- 
 000, 5%. 
 
 .-/<? 
 
 b 
 
 See letters x and 4, Dictation book, for practice in con- 
 nection with this lesson. 
 
 M
 
 S oPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 THIRD LESSON 
 
 12. "vSS" is usually pronounced "vSES," 
 "SEZ," "SIS," "ZES," etc., and is written 
 and read in the same manner as "S." 
 
 13. When attached to curves "S" is written 
 on the inside of the curve; this is called the 
 CIRCLE SIDE of curves. 
 
 zealous <J^ same .,. 
 
 racing S^ wishing 7^. 
 
 races 
 
 sailing 
 
 serious 
 
 spice 
 
 this 
 
 
 n 
 
 seems 
 
 mass- 
 ing 
 
 suffice 
 
 <r~^.. 
 
 roses 
 
 nee 
 
 ^ 
 
 snow- 
 ing XL^- 
 
 
 was - ^■•— < 
 
 days 4 
 
 fees ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 14. When "S" preceeds "A" or "E," it is 
 expressed by making the CIRCLE on the re- 
 verse side of those characters, omitting the hook. 
 
 A s\ E SE There are but few 
 
 words that make the 
 —•■S .. ....A / F use of these charac- 
 ters necessary. 
 ^ sauce seance 
 
 ' <K ~" ' c> -
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 9 
 
 l5. On Straight Strokes "S" is written in the 
 direction opposite to the movement of the 
 hands of the clock. This is called the CIRCLE 
 SIDE on straight strokes, the side opposite 
 to this is called the RE VERSE SIDE. 
 
 vase v. suit- , sickly 
 
 ing "^ 
 
 shies 'tTT!^..... shoes case .^ 
 
 ties TZ^. twice ° sacks .^ 
 
 16. Between strokes forming an angle, "S" 
 is written on the outside of the angle. 
 
 cast .^>-r- ques ^.. cask ,^.. 
 
 tion 
 
 tussle -^ nicer "~rS-... Jessie 
 
 ^ 
 
 17. Between REVERSE CURVES "S" is 
 written on the back of the first curve. 
 
 •a.^-- wiser ^^ Messrs. """"'w}" 
 
 Mason ^-^'^■^ 
 
 dismiss miserly 
 
 WORD-SIGNS 
 18. 
 
 extra which 
 
 except *^ each i/- 
 
 accept c=» much
 
 10 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 most .^ lisp ^.... list 
 
 west 7?>-:t.. .. lesser .^. lost ■■■■^ 
 
 whist ^^^..... must best ...o^. 
 
 sighing post «:j4."'- mist 
 
 keys f^.. cost .^....... rest S^rrr... 
 
 twist r:-:. chosen .^^.. test ■ r'. -.... 
 
 20. Writing frequently occurring words in 
 the "U" position indicates that "YOU" or 
 "YOUR" follows them. 
 
 do you of-if you 
 
 ( ) 
 
 and you to you -_■ 
 
 21. The word-signs, "extra," "in-any;" "I- 
 the;" "a-an-and;" and the syllables "mis," 
 "dis," "re," "be," and "de," may be written in 
 any position. 
 
 extra- .^r^r:?. incase ."rT' remiss /^TrfTT?!.... 
 
 nice " 
 
 dispose ../^ extra ....^^. demise _^. 
 
 space 
 
 See letter 5, Dictation book, for practice in connection 
 with this lesson.
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 n 
 
 FOURTH LESSON 
 
 RULE L 
 
 22. A small hook at the beginning on the 
 inside of curved strokes is "A" or "E." A 
 large initial hook is "O" or "U." 
 
 23. Vowel hooks are always read first, and then 
 the character to which they are attached. 
 
 24. Words that do not require position are 
 written on the line. 
 
 ape 
 
 aims 
 
 ^ 
 
 up 
 
 U. 
 
 arrest Sa^ arise 
 
 Vi) 
 
 abase o arose 
 
 away .rs. Eula 
 
 answer 
 
 on 
 
 .^<- Amos . .^. 
 
 S-^<^ ally '^.. 
 
 aimless rr^^- Anna 
 
 efface 
 
 ■> 
 
 25. These hooks are also employed on straight 
 strokes; on the CIRCLE SIDE of "T" and 
 on the RE VERSE SIDE of the others. 
 
 at ...^.,.«ttt: attest "H-'Vr. eaves N". 
 
 action /... 
 
 ...I. 
 
 ages 
 
 oak 
 
 eat 
 
 .7. 
 
 ago 
 
 oates 
 
 C_o
 
 la SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 26. A small backward hook made at the 
 Ijcginning of a character before "S" is "A" 
 or "E" and a large hook is "O" or "U", 
 
 assign assure 
 
 assume osage '^ assump- 
 
 "^ tion 
 
 27. A loop at the end of a character on the 
 circle side of curves and on either side of straight 
 strokes is "TY" or "DY." 
 
 Sunday . 
 
 5U£3 
 
 . beauty 
 
 
 duty 
 
 
 o' 
 
 ^ 
 
 Katie .. 
 
 •■••/ 
 
 Hattie 
 
 ^ 
 
 ready •. 
 
 .w... 
 
 28. The word-signs "a-an-and" may also be em- 
 ployed to express an intermediate or final "A" 
 or E. 
 
 Papa -■■■j^^- area Si. banana 
 
 29. WORD-SIGNS. 
 
 acknowledge- p wondcr-fuldy ^ 
 
 ed-ment ^ 
 
 then-than c^ until-ultimo- ^ , 
 
 malum 
 
 them .^~. object-ed-tion 
 
 divulge-ed-ence \ obscrve-ed- 
 
 7 
 
 tion J 
 
 tliey -— advantage-ous C/f 
 
 See letters 6 and 7, Dictation book for practice in con- 
 nection with this lesson.
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 13 
 
 FIFTH LESSON 
 
 RULE IL 
 
 30. A small hook at the end on the CIRCLE 
 SIDE of all strokes is " F" or " V." 
 
 pave ^ living CT^. quaff ^^ 
 
 stave «?-» leaving .../rTT. taffy — * 
 
 live lively paving • _^ 
 
 love y<. level <^- puffing- -y 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 3L The "F" or "V" hook in phrasing is 
 , ujp M <.Qp M .'HAVE" or "FAVOR." 
 
 I have -J if you will have 
 
 you have you have a ^ 
 
 you have you may have ,^ 
 
 the '^ 
 
 32. A large hook at the end on the CIRCLE 
 SIDE of curved strokes and on either side of 
 straight strokes is "P" or "B." 
 
 tap D cap ^ gap ^ 
 
 raD Vo ^'^P ^ '^-'^P '^ 
 
 top _J> wrap J^ tip rrrt*
 
 14 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 tapping .-.u^ napping . -n^- slapping 
 
 ■ •T?. leaping -j. /^-....tipping 
 
 type 
 
 shape 
 
 _5 
 
 *~3. 
 
 shop 
 
 ■a^ map 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 33. The "P" or "B" hook in phrasing is 
 *'BE," "BEEN," or "HOPE." 
 
 to be j^ may be ..-^.tt-. . 
 
 we hope you will T\^^. have you been 
 
 they have ■•• •■ you may be 
 
 he may be r7-^..., you will be 
 
 
 WORD-SIGNS. 
 
 34. 
 
 difficult-ty J* .Y... govern-or-ed-ment. 
 
 I •• 
 
 repiiblic-an ^ lo. establish-ed- o^.. 
 
 represent-ed ' ment 
 
 public-publish-ed diploma-cy-tic ' 
 
 duplicate-ed-tion 
 
 6 
 
 Practice letters 8 and 9 in Dictation book in connection 
 with this lesson.
 
 SP-iNCERIAN SHORTHAND. IS 
 
 SIXTH LESSON 
 RULE ni. 
 
 35. Make any character double length to add 
 " N," " M," or " L." Make any character half 
 length to add "T." "D," or "TH." 
 
 came .y^.. him » night ^ 
 
 cat / hit , ^. lighted %. 
 
 when -.» ■^- twenty A quote 
 
 wheat <<' Monday could 
 
 "B" and "P," if preceded by any other 
 character, may be written up or down. "P" 
 may be written down at the beginning before 
 "M"and "W." 
 
 readable •"—V*"^.- movable ■...^i^:.^^^- heated ....t^ < 
 
 tele ■ r ... - ...r rr.. penman- frrrr^.. place .....^^.. < 
 
 phone ship 
 
 passable.... ;^,^-^.... peaceable .^..rrrrT. come ... 
 
 hold •••••>» stable ftr.**/.... pleased ....^■■■^■ 
 
 field -..Jr.. that — « still ^^^^^ 
 
 resolv- \mJ what -•■*' while 
 
 able
 
 16 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 36. The character "Q" should he made with 
 a large hook, as shown in the alphabet, and 
 when "AQ" or "EQ" is required, write the 
 hook very small. 
 
 quality ..— ■y^ quail ,.....^^..... 
 
 quit 
 
 equality. ...•••>^""- equal ./^.. acquit 
 
 37. Should it become necessary to make a 
 distinction between "N," "M," or "L" in 
 words of one syllable, or proper names, the 
 "N," "M," and "L" strokes should be used; 
 lengthening for "L" only when the "L" 
 coalesces with the stroke, thus: 
 
 place, pales, glass, gales, please, scales, clan, blames, gleam. 
 Mann, Benson, Bill, Bly. 
 
 ^/ 
 
 .^.^..|...^^....-:r^A..,.,^-^..l-••••'^^ 
 
 38. In the halving principle: To make a dis- 
 tinction in common words of one or two 
 syllables, or in proper names, use the "D" and 
 "TH" strokes. 
 
 let, pat, lead, lot, path. Wright Madden Matthew 
 ^ ^ -^ -^ ^-<^ > -rr. -r/l^
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 1" 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 39. Make any character double length to add 
 "WILL," "WELL," or "ALL." 
 
 >>. nfnillho .. >.. 
 
 wc will be >^- of all the 
 
 by all means ...r1Z7!Ty! which will have 
 
 who will do the ... they will have to 
 
 11 ...^.. 
 
 they will have been ..rrrrrf^..... he will do we 
 WORD-SIGNS. 
 
 immediate-ly ^^ notwithstanding -^raj^--- 
 
 jxftain-ly-ty , ^ advisc-cd-advice .!?..^c 
 
 advertisc-cd- , ?, into 
 
 meat *^ "* 
 
 glad-ly I /.. monthly 
 
 Practice letters lo, il, 12, Dictation book, in connection 
 with this lesson.
 
 i8 SPENCERIAN SHOkTHAND. 
 
 SEVENTH LESSON 
 
 RULE IV. 
 
 40. A small hook at the end on the reverse 
 side of all strokes is "G" or "J." When a 
 half length stroke is followed by a hook the 
 "T," "D," or "TH" is generally read after the 
 hook. "G" hook closed is "GS". 
 
 gages J lag /^■•^ 
 
 stage «>-> judge ~ 
 
 wagon .-:-.^^^.. mugs ^- ■• 
 
 vaguely N^ judging — •• 
 
 log 
 
 -y^- •• 
 
 cage 
 
 •v^- 
 
 wages 
 
 ••••"\ - 
 
 twip 
 
 J. 
 
 4L The "G" hook in phrasing is "GIVE," 
 "GAVE, or "GIVEN." When closed the 
 "G" hook is "GIVE US" or "GAVE US." 
 
 I gave you "^ you gave the 
 
 I gave the ^ , I gave to the ^ 
 
 to give you I gave in to you ^^ 
 
 we gave you .T^^ and give us f. 
 
 wemaygiveyou r\— «k...... we give to the ^N 
 
 "ti
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. X9 
 
 42. "PARTY," "DEPARTMENT," "SO- 
 CIETY," "EXPRESS," "OLOGY," etc., are 
 expressed by writing "P" for "PARTY," "D" 
 for "DEPARTMENT," "S" for "vSOCIETY," 
 " K' " for " EXPRESS " and " L " for " OLOGY," 
 through the preceding character. 
 
 43. Words that are repeated as, from day to 
 day, night after night, day by day, etc., are 
 written close together, as shown in the illustra- 
 tion. 
 
 lace department ....^/^ fishing party ^- 
 
 suit department ■■' to express ■/^■•■•■~ 
 
 Republican party ^. you may express v^ 
 
 my society ..••: my department ^ ...... 
 
 fast express J-/ shoe department -j- 
 
 theology (jC..... etymology ' ^ > ■ 
 
 physiology *^ from day to day ((^ 
 
 day after day A day by day // 
 
 Letter.1 for practice i,^, 14 and 15.
 
 aO SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 EIGHTH LESSON 
 RULE V. 
 
 44. "K" may express "CON," "COM," 
 "CUM," and "COUN," and may be written 
 in any position. 
 
 45. "SM" at the beginning of an outline may 
 express "CIRCU-M." 
 
 46. Use "I" for "IM" or "ILL," and "N," 
 for "IN" or "UN." 
 
 convey <^^- 
 
 contain ..-Z^.,^. 
 
 communicn 
 
 circumstance a — >— ^ 
 
 noncommittal -^v^^ 
 
 discontent 
 
 k 
 
 constancy ...^ 
 contempt ....■^, 
 
 mapose 
 
 .^. 
 
 convict 
 
 compel 
 
 connect 
 
 ^ 
 
 / 
 
 unseen 
 circulaticu 
 
 ./r. 
 
 ^J> 
 
 immune 
 condemn 
 commence 
 impassible 
 
 
 ounsel 
 
 y^ 
 
 mmense 
 
 ......^^
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 conduce condition 
 
 combine compulsion 
 
 countenance ...4r. ? .. incision 
 
 compose •rp continue 
 
 impel ....2<^ contention 
 
 implicit "^^ consist 
 
 imagine <^^^ confuse 
 
 uncertain .....^rr^. intense 
 
 imbecile ...,«?-. illusion 
 
 impossible o^^-.- command 
 
 impute commend 
 
 compute consequence 
 
 immunity immodest 
 
 imposition ^..... illadvised 
 
 Practice letter 17 in Dictation book. 
 
 21 
 
 L^ 
 
 t 
 
 j^..
 
 ^^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 NINTH LESSON 
 RULE VL 
 
 47. Shade any character but the circle to 
 add "R." "Z" may be shaded to distinguish 
 it from "S." 
 
 48. The indicated "R" may be read either 
 before or after the position vowel. "Y" 
 shaded is "YR," or "RY." 
 
 break 
 
 attraction 
 
 • •-• ^ transfer 
 
 ^ 
 
 more 
 
 liar 
 
 incomprehensi- 
 bility 
 
 49. 
 
 ever-every-very 
 
 r 
 
 fisher 
 
 rare 
 
 ~1 
 
 \ 
 
 irresistibility 
 
 WORD-SIGNS. 
 .\ favor 
 
 \ 
 
 50. If necessary to make the word absolute 
 in words of one syllable, or in proper names, 
 shade for "R" only when the indicated "R" 
 coalesces with the stroke; if the vowel inter- 
 venes, use the "R" stroke thus: 
 
 tree tear bray bar crow core Brann Parker Witherspoon 
 ^^ J ^ _^.^^.
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 23 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 £1. In phrasing, the words "ARE," "OR," 
 "OUR," and the syllable "RE," are added 
 by shading the character. 
 
 52. Lengthening a shaded character adds 
 "IN" or "THAN. "THAN" is also repre- 
 sented by the letter "N." 
 
 we are 3 we are in receipt X* 
 
 of your favor 
 
 we are in ^ ^ they are '^^- 
 
 more than . ^...^ ... we are in receipt v^ 
 
 of your letter 
 
 to our ..iiii,. we are of your \y<..^^ 
 
 opinion 
 
 by return mail ..by our 
 
 under separate ^ .be it more or less ^-~^... 
 
 cover 
 
 t 
 
 53. The character " U," when preceded by any 
 other character, may be used for cither "O " 
 or "U." 
 
 Leo tomorrow Irio tobacco 
 ^ ^.^ -^ .^... 

 
 :\: 
 
 24 
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 54. When "N," "M," or "L" is followed by 
 "T," "D," or "TH," use the halvinj- instead 
 of the lengthening principle, when possible, thus: 
 
 land filled mould scold wild told 
 
 55. "TO," "IT," or "NOT," may be repre- 
 sented, by the halving principle. 
 
 After the first syllable, half length "M," 
 r>, U, Lr, L, V, etc., may express 
 "MNT," "BNT," "DNT," "GNT," "LNT," 
 "VNT," etc. When "M" will not make a 
 good joining for "MNT," use half length "N." 
 Shaded "TY-DY" is "TRY" or "DRY." 
 
 incident 
 
 --^ 
 
 laundry 
 
 payment | 
 relent .>. 
 
 sundry 
 
 inducement 
 
 «^ 
 
 management ,-^^ 
 
 resentment ..S*<^i<. •j 
 
 movement 
 
 implement 
 
 compliment 
 
 raiment 
 
 ^^y^ 
 
 may it -not --^ 
 do it -not -.»• 
 
 do not do it 
 
 did not 
 
 r 
 
 pagent 
 
 ,^. 
 
 be it
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 2S 
 
 56. " K " made half length and shaded may ex- 
 press "CONTRA," "CONTRE," "CONTRI," 
 "CONTRO," "COUNTER," and may be 
 written in the position of the following syllable. 
 
 countermine ..l. countermand 
 
 contradict ••• controversy ..-.A^- 
 
 countei balance .^^^TP.. contribute ....-/ 
 
 57,-- **N" made half length and shaded ex- 
 - -presses "INTRA," "INTRE," "INTRI," 
 "INTRO," "INTRU," "INTER," and may 
 be written in the position of the following 
 syllable. 
 
 58. A tick struck diagonally across a character 
 indicates an abbreviation. 
 
 interest ....sffrr-. ...... Missouri 
 
 introduce Mississippi 
 
 interspect s*<^ Minnesota 
 
 international 
 
 Wisconsin _^. 
 
 interstate .. ..»»- , New York 
 
 intercede „...*< California .^^y^.. 
 
 Practice the follo'wing phrases, and letters 18, ly, 20 
 and 21 in Dictation book before reviewing.
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 PHRASING. 
 
 There are certain words, or combinations, 
 which are leaders, so to speak, and to these may 
 be joined various other words making a most 
 easily executed outline. 
 
 We give below a list of some of the most 
 commonly used words in ordinary business 
 affairs. These words and combinations should 
 be so thoroughly practiced by the student that 
 there will be no hesitancy in applying them. 
 
 I am .:f^...^.... will you _ 
 
 I am not will you have /" /^ 
 
 you may ..,^^...,_^. will you have the , 
 
 ^rou may have) will you have your /^ /^ 
 
 you may have ^....y^;,^ niay you _ 
 
 the ™^y you have ' — "^ 
 
 you may have a v*j " "^^X 7°^ ^^^'^ ^^^ ■ 
 
 may you have your "^ "'^ 
 
 you may have -v^ "^^Y 7°^ ^^^e a 
 
 your ^"d ^hat you ""> "^ 
 
 are you - ^'^^ ^^^^ yo^ "^^X 
 
 are you of ^^ ^^d that you are ""^ ^ 
 
 are you of the -. - and that you 
 
 are you of a V, ^ may have vt-a 
 
 are you of the and that you 
 
 same Vrtf^ may have the "'''■"*■ 
 
 do you 2nd that you may 
 
 do you have ( L have your "^"^ 
 
 do you have a - if you 
 
 do you have the C 6- if you have ) 3
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. i 
 
 by our - -^. I gave -» -». , 
 
 to you I gave the "^ 
 
 it will .l'.X.. 1 gave to the _ ^ 
 
 it will have 
 
 it will be .O....^.. Jl nave been in o— --^''^^^ 
 
 you can Ithe 
 
 it will be ...Cs^ and have been in k>.^ 
 
 necessary if you j 
 
 you can have -.,^^^...- if you will ^ 
 
 you can have the if you will have v^ \^ 
 
 you can give . .^/^^^^^^..../and you have y>_^ u 
 
 you can give the- ^been in the \,^ /, 
 
 you can give us v/v-v>c::^'f I ^"i elected ^^^~^ ^ 
 you may give in it iiuist be ^*~j>-^ 
 
 at what time of ....<^-i/T-r^.... in reply will say v_>/''^^'^ 
 the day that I am not 
 
 Awe will bej ^^^^^^rl!^... I have not heard _-*t>— ^ 
 
 U)leased / anything ~ 
 
 to have your y- everything on V<- ._ 
 
 order ^ the subject _y' 
 
 to give a material element ,,..^/^ 
 
 to give the 
 
 you have no 
 to give your rights in the 
 
 to give us "~^ ° matter ^'^"^^-ic-^ 
 
 will you send it and gave your 
 
 at once ^-g <i ^ letter 
 
 let us hear from ...cf^^.„..l^ am of the -«^~a?. > ^ \ A 
 
 you {opinion .— .:X.y^rz.. \^ j
 
 lii 
 
 if it 
 
 
 
 
 of it 
 
 
 
 
 if it is 
 
 
 
 
 of its 
 
 
 
 
 for it 
 
 
 
 
 for it 
 
 is 
 
 
 
 for it 
 
 is 
 
 to 
 
 the 
 
 for it 
 
 is 
 
 to 
 
 your 
 
 . 'r 
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND.^ 
 
 y I have not seen 
 
 thern 
 
 ^ I have not seen a 
 
 and is 
 and see 
 
 if it will 
 
 if it will have 
 
 if it will be 
 if it will do the 
 
 for it will 
 
 for it will have 
 
 "7 ^ 
 
 and say 
 and so 
 
 and use 
 and see the 
 
 and is the 
 and say the 
 
 and so the 
 and use the 
 
 for it will do the ._^..^. and is a 
 
 from you 
 
 from our 
 in our 
 
 in your 
 by our 
 
 by your 
 to our 
 
 to your 
 no our 
 
 and have not seen 
 I have not seen 
 
 
 J 
 
 ■fa b 
 
 b 
 d- 
 
 J 
 
 and see a 
 
 and use a 
 you have 
 
 you have been 
 you have been in 
 
 you gave 
 you gave the 
 
 you gave your 
 you gave a 
 
 is his 
 see his-us 
 
 ■^ > 
 
 o O 
 
 I have not seen 
 your 
 
 as lias 
 so his 
 
 ■G 
 
 O"
 
 SPENC RIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 in all , .rrr::^.*~t7rt* it is for you ...^.- 
 
 in all things ' 
 
 in all such ."T— ^ belter than Z^^ ^ 
 
 things more than 
 
 [in all cases ...t-^J^.... ^ more or less — /^— ^i 
 
 to all \ more of your 
 
 to all things ^ ^ -.. about the matter . 
 
 to all such "^ 
 
 by all .■r^~^ in case you have .^~i 
 
 by all means 
 
 on all .. / by the time you ^ 
 
 of all have 
 
 of all things .-^ ' by the time you ^ - 
 
 in all his I give us 
 
 from time ...ZZ^. as soon as you Q si ^ 
 
 to time have time 
 
 from year to .». as soon as you Q..s^y^ 
 
 year can have 
 
 from city ?-^ as soon as you Qji/^ 
 
 to city can give us 
 
 ^ regard to the ..;>|_^..V._ it is impossible '^jt^ 
 
 matter ' 
 
 your own . /in receipt of ^:t~''~^. 
 
 my own ^^ V your letter 
 
 it is your own ,_.....^^ in response to >-S* — 
 
 your 
 
 nevertheless ^— A/"*^^*"^ know of no v_>_b ' 
 
 \ have not reason 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■)v
 
 T SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 QUESTIONS ON SPENCERIAN 
 SHORTHAND 
 
 1. Write all the characters from memory. 
 
 2. (a)' When is the position vowel read? 
 (b) What is a word sign? 
 
 3. What is said about the use of the 
 "Y-LY" character? "C"? "Sh"? 
 
 4. What is said about the sound of "U" 
 after "Q"? 
 
 5. How indicate proper names? 
 
 6. What is said about the direction of 
 "Ch"? "H"? "L"? 
 
 ,"^. How may the long sound of a vowel be 
 distinguished from its other sounds? 
 
 8. Where should a word be written when no 
 position is needed ? 
 
 9. What is meant by phrasing? Which 
 word of __a_fihrase_takes the position? 
 
 10. What does the shading of a character 
 add? 
 
 11. Which is read first, position vowel or the 
 indicated "R"? 
 
 12. What sounds may shaded "Y" be used 
 for? 
 
 13. Explain when this shading principle 
 should not be used. 
 
 14. What words may be added by shading 
 a character? 
 
 15. How should the word-signs, "I-the" and 
 "a-and-an" be made? 
 
 •\\
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND, vi 
 
 1 6. How distinguish "and-an" from "and- 
 I" and "and- the"? 
 
 17. How should circles be joined to curve 
 characters? 
 
 ^ 18. How write "S" before "A" or "E"? 
 
 19. What sounds is the large circle used for? 
 
 20. How should circles be written to straight 
 characters? 
 
 /- 21. How should circles be written between 
 straight characters in the same direction? 
 
 22. How should circles be written between 
 reverse curves? 
 
 23. Which of the word-signs and syllables do 
 not take their own position at the beginning of 
 a phrase? 
 
 ^^ 24. Explain value and use of "U" position 
 in phrasing. 
 
 25. What sounds may be added by double 
 lengthening a character? 
 
 26. Explain the value of double lengthening 
 in phrasing. 
 
 ^ 27. When should lengthening principle not 
 be employed? 
 
 28. What sounds may be added by halving? 
 
 29. Explain where it might not be advisable 
 to use this princiole, 
 
 ^ 30. When either doubling or halving could 
 be used to write a word, which should be chosen? 
 Why? 
 
 31. What words may be added by the halv- 
 ing principle? 
 
 44S302
 
 vil SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. 
 
 32. Explain a further use of the halving; 
 principle. 
 
 33. When may " N " be substituted for "M"? 
 
 34. Write from memory all the syllables 
 mentioned in Lesson 5. 
 
 35. How indicate an abbreviation? 
 
 36. Explain and illustrate the "F" or "V" 
 and "P" or "B" hooks. 
 
 37. What is said about the direction of "P" 
 and "B"? 
 
 38. What words may be expressed by "F" 
 or "V" and"P" or "B" hooks? 
 
 39. Explain and illustrate the "G" or "J" 
 hooks. 
 
 1.0. How may "S" be indicated after "G" 
 hook? 
 
 41. What is the usual order of reading a half 
 length followed by a hook? 
 
 42. What words may be expressed by the 
 "G" or "J" hook? .. n 
 
 43. How write "Party,." "Department," 
 "Society," "Ex^i-ess," "ology"? 
 
 44. Explain use of small loop at end of word. 
 
 45. How may words that are repeated be 
 written? 
 
 46. Explain and illustrate all vowel hooks on 
 both curved and straight characters. . 
 
 ^ 47. How in(ltca^e'^'A^''"or "E" before. "O"? 
 48. How indicate the vowel before "S" at 
 the beginning of a character?
 
 SPENCERIAN SHORTHAND. VMl 
 
 49. How express an intermediate or final 
 >V,\" or "E"? 
 
 50. For what may the character "U" be 
 used, if preceded by any other stroke? 
 
 The above questions embrace almost every- 
 thing that could possibly be asked in giving an 
 examination in Spencerian Shorthand. They 
 are so thoroughly and systematically arranged, 
 we use them even at the expense of giving Mr. 
 D. L. Hodson, of Chicago, credit for their 
 authorship.
 
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 Los Angeles 
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 m\) LD-URL MAR 7 1989 
 
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 LIBRARY
 
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