»o 17L17 B ^ 07^ boa ^.^' \ O.S:. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE ADVISORY COMMISSION, COMMITTEE ON LABOR U (INCLUDING CONSERVATION AND WELFARE OF WORKERS) SAMUEL GOMPERS CHAIRMAN ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMITTEE "^ SCOPE AND ORJECTS PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES OUTLINE OF PLANS OF SUR COMMITTEES MEMRERSHIP LIST WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1917 i •1i, (^i (i FROM THE PRESIDENT'S OFFICE TO THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY C7L27 THE COMMITTEE ON LABOR. [Including Conservation and Welfare of Workers.] Samuel Gompers, Cliairman. Organization of the Committee on Labor, of the Advisory Commission, Council of National Defense — Its Objects and Preliminary Outline of its Scope of Work and Personnel. The Committee on Labor, Samuel Gompers, chairman, forms one of the seven divisions of the work of the Advisory Commission, Council of National Defense. Its objects, in general terms, are: (a) to advise in regard to the conservation and welfare of the workers in the nation's industries, and (b) to advise in regard to means of adjust- ment of employment problems without interruption of industry. The chairman of the Committee on Labor called a meeting for organization purposes in Washington, April 2, 1917. More than 150 were in attendance at this meeting — labor representatives and em- ployers in the leading industries of the country. There were present officers and executive committee members of the American Federation of Labor, presidents or representatives of the leading international unions and of the railway brotherhoods, representatives of the National Association of Manufacturers, and of a wide range of com- mercial, transportation, financial, and civic interests. The entire day and part of the night were occupied in discussion of problems of industrial mobilization, with special reference to labor. It became clear that on the issue of national defense a remarkable unity of purpose had developed among these many diverse groups, which it would be possible to utilize to practical ends through the formation of this committee of the Advisory Commission. A strong disposition was manifest to avoid the unfortunate industrial expe- riences of England in the opening months of the war. Explanatory. — By an act of the Sixty-fourth Congress (Army appropriation bill, H. R. 17498, Public No. 242, approved Aug. 29, 1916) there was created— (1) A Council of National Defense, consisting of the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Labor. (2) An Advisory Commission to the Council of National Defense, to be appointed by the President of the United States. The members of the Advisory Commission, appointed by the President, with the assignment of each as chairman of a committee, are as follows: Franklin H. Martin, medicine, including general sanitation. Samuel Gompers, labor, including conservation of health and welfare of workers. Daniel Willard, transportation and communication. Hollis Godfrey, science and research, including engineering and education. Bernard Baruch, raw materials, minerals and metals. Howard Coffin, munitions, manufacturing, including standardization and industrial relations. Julius Rosenwald, supplies, including food, clothing, etc. M532356 4 couintcil of nattonal defense^ committee on labor. A permanent organization was formed, and an executive com- mittee named, of 11 members. This executive committee during the first month held five all-day sessions, and developed a working plan of organization which in respect to some of the most important matters confronting the committee is ready for service if the Council shall so require. Eight national committees have been appointed, of which those whose plans are furthest advanced are the committees in relation to wages and hours, mediation and conciliation, women in industry, and welfare work, the latter including safety, sanitation, industrial training and kindred subjects outlined in detail on a sub- sequent page. The principle upon which these features of welfare work is based, in the committee's assigned task, is that the health, welfare, and efficiency of the workers in the vital industries upon which all else depends are fundamental resources which should be conserved in the interest of the national defense. The chairman and many of the members of these national com- mittees are giving their time and abilities freely as a patriotic service to the Government. There are also in course of organization a number of subcommittees, through which the voluntary services of experts and technicians in several fields are available. In addition, support and cooperation have been pledged to the Committee on Labor by a large number of national and local organiza- tions, both of labor and of industry, and representing various civic and technical fields. Among these are the American Federation of Labor, the National Association of Manufacturers, the American Insti- tute of Architects, the National Fire Prevention Association, the National Board of Fire Underwriters, the Illuminating Engineering Society, the National Council of Safety, the American Museum of Safety, the National Consumers' League, the National Child Labor Committee, the American Association of Industrial Physicians and Surgeons, the American Public Health Association, the Young Men's Christian Association, the National Civic Federation, especially its departments on welfare work, mediation, and conciliation, industrial accident prevention, and social insurance; bureau of registration and information of the National League for Women's Service, the National Association for the Promotion of Industrial Education, the Mining and Metallurgical Society of America, the Washington Department of the Technology Clubs, associated; the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, and the Joint Conference of Coal Miners and Operators of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and western Pennsylvania. The Enghsh experience in dealing with employment problems of the utmost gravity, which arose under the early war stress, has been placed at the disposal of the Committee on Labor by a commission of four representatives of English labor and of welfare work who visited this country in response to the cabled request of Chairman Gompers to Premier Lloyd George. The members of this commission were: Right Hon. C. W. Bowerman, privy councillor and member of British House of Commons; secretary of British Trades Union Con- gress parliamentary committee. James H. Thomas, privy councillor, member of Parliament ; general secretary National Union of Railwaymen, Great Britain and Ireland. Joseph Davies, member of the secretariat of the prime minister. H. W. Garrod, representing labor, department of ministry of muni- tions. , COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 5 These gentlemen were in frequent conference with executive com- mittee members of the Committee on Labor during their stay, and were joined by two Canadian representatives of labor sent by the Government of Canada, also in response to Mr. Gompers' request, namely : J. C. Waters, president of the Trades and Labor Council of Canada, and Giddeon D. Robertson, vice president of the National Association of Railway Telegraphers. Both the English and Canadian commissioners were heard at length at a public session of the Committee on Labor on May 15, attended by about 200 members and extending well into the night. The discus- sion at this meeting proved of high practical value and was partici- pated in further by «Judge Maurice Sheldon Amos, of the British commission; James Duncan, representing labor on the commission to Russia; John D. Rockefeller,, jr. ; Daniel Guggenheim; John R. Alpine, president Plumbers and Steamfitters' Association; Emerson Mc- Millin; Arthur O. Wharton, president railway employees' department, American Federation of Labor; Theodore Marburg; George W. Perkins, president International Cigarmakers' Union; Juha C. Lathrop, Chief of Children's Bureau, Department of Labor; Colgate Hoyt; Miss Sara A. Conboy, secretary United Textile Workers; former Ambassador Myron T. Herrick; John H. Patterson, president National Cash Register Co., and others. The committee and its guests were received at the Wliite House by President Wilson, who expressed his personal interest in the work of the committee and his desire to cooperate in furtherance of its objects • Speaking particularly of the committee's declared object of maintain- ing established standards for the protection of labor the President said: I have been very much alarmed at one or two things that have happened — at the apparent inclination of the legislatures of one or two of our States to set aside even temporarily the laws which have safeguarded the standards of labor and of life. I t'link nothing would be more deplorable than that. We are trying to fight in a cause which means the lifting of the standards of hfe, and we can fight in that cause best by voluntary cooperation. I do not doubt that any body of men representing labor in this country speaking for their fellows will be willing to make any sacrifice that is necessary in order to carry this contest to a successful issue, and in that confidence I feel that it would be inexcusable if we deprived men and women of such a spirit of any of the existing safeguards of law. Therefore, I shall exercise my influence as far as it goes to see that that does not happen and that the sacrifices we make shall be made voluntarily and not under the compulsion which mistakenly is interpreted to mean a lowering of the standards which we have sought through so many generations to bring to their present level. Under the auspices of the Committee on Labor the British repre- sentatives of labor visited some of the great industrial centers of the country, includhig particularly New York, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleve- land, Albany, Schenectady, and Boston. On this tour they gave to the industrial situation in this country, as it faces the problems cre- ated by the war, the benefit of their experience and counsel both in public meetings and in joint conferences with labor representatives, employers, and others engaged prominently in civic and economic affairs. The ' Committee on Labor, including its national committees and subcommittees, has now a membership of about 375. The scope of the proposed work of certain committees is indicated in the outline given in the following pages, which of necessity can not convey an adequate impression of the far-reaching extent and significance oi the 6 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. subjects involved. In certain respects the organization work of the committee has been delayed by lack of adequate office facihties, but suitable provision has now been made on the tenth floor of the Munsey Building, in Washington. The committee recommended to the Council of National Defense^ in connection with the recent conference of State governors in Wash- ington, that State committees on labor similar in scope to the national committee be included in the plans of organization of State councils which may be formed or are already at work, with a request for co- operation by the State labor committees so formed with the national Committee on Labor. Such State labor committees would afford an additional means of utilizing throughout the country the offers of assistance and cooperation which are being received by the Com- mittee on Labor in increasing volume. The Committee on Labor recommended to the Advisory Commis- sion a declaration, which was in turn referred to the Council of National Defense, regarding the maintenance of industrial and legis- lative standards. The Council of National Defense approved and made the same public. Finding that the purpose and intent of the declaration was misinterpreted, the Committee on Labor recom- mended to the Advisory Commission and to the Council of National Defense the adoption of an amplification of the declaration. The text of the original declaration and of the subsequent amphfication here follows : 4 Resolution Adopted at Meeting of Executive Committee, Committee on Labor. [As approved by Advisory Commission and Council of National Defense, Apr. 6, 1917.] The defense and safety of the Nation must be the first consideration of all patriotic citizens. To avoid confusion and facilitate the preparation for national defense and give a stable basis upon which the representatives of the Government may operate during the war, we recommend : First. That the Council of National Defense should issue a statement to employers and employees in our industrial plants and transportation systems advising that neither employers nor employees shall endeavor to take advantage of the country's necessities to change existing standards. When economic or other emergencies arise requiring changes of standards, the same should be made only after such proposed changes have been investigated and approved by the Council of National Defense. Second. That the Council of National Defense urge upon the legislatures of the States, as well as all administrative agencies charged with the enforcement of labor and health laws, the great duty of rigorously maintaining the existing safeguards as to the health and the welfare of workers, and that no ' departure from such present standards in State laws or State rulings affecting labor should be taken without a declaration of the Council of National Defense that such a departure is essential for the effective pursuit of the national defense. Third. That the Council of National Defense urge upon the legislatures of the several States that before final adjournment they delegate to the governors of their respective States the power to suspend or modify restrictions contained in their labor laws when such suspension or modification shall be requested by the Council of National Defense; and such suspensions or modifications when made shall continue for a specified period and not longer than the duration of the war. Amplification of Declaration. [Adopted by executive committee Apr. 16, 1917.] There seems to be some misunderstanding of the scope of the statement made by the Council of National Defense when it advised "that neither employers nor em- ployees shall endeavor to take advantage of the country's necessities to change existing standards." In order that that misunderstanding may be removed, the following amplification is made: 1 "No departure from present standards" was intended to mean "no lowering of present standards." COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 7 There have been established by legislation, by mutual agreement between employ ers and employees, or by custom certain standards constituting a day's work. These vary from 7 hours per day in some kinds of work to 12 hours per day in continuous operation plants. The various States and municipalities have established specific standards of safety and sanitation and have pro\dded inspection service to enforce the regulations. They have also established maximum hours of work for women and minimum age limits for children employed in gainful occupations. It is the judgment of the Council of National Defense that the Federal, State, and municipal governments should continue to enforce the standards tliey have established unless and until the Council of National Defense has determined that some modifications or change of standards is essential to the national safety; that employers and employees in private industries should not attempt to take advantage of the existing abnormal conditions to change the standards which they were unable to change under normal conditions. The one other standard that the council had in mind was the standard of living. It recognizes that the standard of living is indefinite and difficult to determine, because it is in a measure dependent upon the purchasing power of wages. It believes, how- ever, that no arbitrary change in wages should be sought at this time by either em- ployers or employees through the process of strikes or lockouts without at least giving the established agencies, including those of the several States and of the Government, and of the mediation board in the transportation service and the Division of Concilia- tion of the Department of Labor in the other industries, an opportunity to adjust the difficulties without a stoppage of work occurring. Wliile the Council of National Defense does not mean to intimate that under ordinary circumstances the efficiency of workers is the only element that should be taken into consideration in fixing the hours of labor, safety, sanitation, women's work, and child labor standards, such effi- ciency is the object that must be attained during the period when the Nation's safety is involved. It may therefore be necessary for the council as a result of its investi- gations and experience to suggest modifications and changes in these standards during that time. It is not the purpose of the council, however, to undertake to determine the wage rate that will be sufficient to maintain the existing standards of living. Such questions as can not be adjusted by private negotiations should be referred to the mediation agencies above referred to or to such other constituted agencies as may exist to the end that such questions may be adjusted in an orderly and equitable manner to avoid the stoppage of industries which are so \dtal to the interests of the Nation at this critical time. Organization of the Committee on Labor. Samuel Gompers, Chairman. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Chairman, Samuel Gompers, president American Federation of Labor, "Washington, D. C. William B. Wilson, Secretary Department of Labor. Washington, D. C. V. EvERiT Macy, president the National Civic Federation, New York. James Lord, president Mining Department, American Federation of Labor, Wash- ington, D. C. Elisha Lee, general manager Pennsylvania Railroad Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Warren S. Stone, grand chief Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, Cleveland, Ohio. C. E. Michael, National Association of Manufacturers (president Virginia Bridge & Iron Co.), Roanoke, Va. Frank Morrison, secretary American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Lee K. Frankel. third vice president Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York. James O'Connell, president Metal Trades Department, American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Louis B. Schram, chairman labor committee United States Brewers' Association, Brooklyn, N. Y. Ralph M. Easley, assistant to Samuel Gompers as chairman of executive committee. New York. James W. Sullivan, assistant to Samuel Gompers as member of Advisory Commission, Washington. D. C. Miss Gertrude Beeks, secretary of executive committee, New York. 8 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND CHAIRMEN. Wages and Hours. — Frank Morrison, Washington, D, 0. Mediation and Conciliation. — V. Everit Macy, New York. Welfare Work. — Louis A. Coolidqe, Boston, Mass. Women in Industry. — Mrs. Borden Harriman, Wasliington, D. C. Information and Statistics. —Dr. Frederick L. Hoffman, Newark, N. J. Press. — Grant Hamilton, Wasliington, D. C. Publicity. — Dr. E. T. Devine, New York. Cost of Living— Domestic Economy. — S. Thruston Ballard, Louisville, Ky. DETAILED OUTLINES OF COMMITTEE WORK. The scope and plan of work of four of the eight national com- mittees, those on wages and hours, mediation and conciliation, welfare work, and women in industry, is indicated in the following outHnes, which also show the chairmen of subordinate committees so far as appointed: NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON WAGES AND HOURS. Frank Morrison, Chairman. NATIONAL SUBCOMMITTEES. 1. Government regulations: (a) General rules; (b) special rules (to cover overtime, night shifts, Saturday afternoons, and Sunday work; Federal or State enactments) ; (c) model Federal labor law (to estab- lish uniform labor conditions) ; (d) analyses of State laws and incorporation of best provisions in one model. Akthur E. Holder, Chairman. 2. Standards of working conditions: {a) For Federal and State laws (lighting, drinking water, ventilation, sanitary devices, etc.); (b) specifications by munitions board (welfare requirements under which munitions and supplies shall be made); (c) administration of labor laws. Wm. J. Spencer, Chairman. 3. Trade agreemants in industry: (a) Trade conferences, national and local; (h) adjustment boards, both in Government plants and wherever Government supplies are manufactured. James O'Connell, Chairman. 4. Coordination of employment agencies: (a) Employment; (b) mobihzation of women for industrial service; (c) sources of sup- ply of workers. Albert J. Berres, Chairman. NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION. V. Everit Macy, Chairman. The committee on mediation and conciliation shall consist of an executive committee of five members, an even number from each of the three groups, respectively, of wage earners, employers, and the general public, and local committees in as man}^ industrial centers as it is possible to organize, said local committees to be formed along the same fines as the national committee. The executive committee and all the local committees shall hold themselves in readiness to cooperate upon caU from the Council of National Defense, the Advisory Commission of the Council of National COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 9 Defense, the chaitnian of the Committee on Labor of the Advisory Commission, the board of FeckMal mediators, the commissioners of concihation of the United States Department of Labor, and the State boar.ds of concihation. The executive committee avd all local committees ai'e to be appointed by the chairman of the Committee on Labor. The size of the local committees will depend upon the size of the respective communities. Neither the executive committee nor the local conciliation com- mittees shall arbitrate disputes but, where conciliation fails, the committees will be expected to urge arbitration between the con- tending parties, they selecting their own arbitrators. NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON WELFARE WORK. Louis A. Coolidge. Chairman. Executive committee. — L. A. Coolidge, chairman; Charles F. Brooker, Walter J. Fahy, Edwin Farnham Greene, Edwin M. Herr, Thomas F. Logan, Cvrus H. McCormick, A. J. Porter. SECTIONAL AND DIVISIONAL NATIONAL SUBCOMMITTEES. I. Industrial safety, L. R. Palmer, chairman sectional committee, Harrisburg, Pa. Scope of safety activities. — (a) Structural safety, (b) fire prevention^ (c) accident prevention, (d) dust and fumes. Divisional committees and cliairmen. — (1) Structural safety, Robert D. Kohn, New York; (2) fire prevention, H. W. Forster, Philadelphia; (3) accident prevention, M. A. Dow, New York; (4) dust and fumes, Lew^is T. Bryant, Trenton, N. J. II. Sanitation, Dr. William A. Evans, chamnan sectional com- mittee, Chicago. Scope of sanitary activities, — Shop, industrial village, and public: (a) sewage; (?>) ventilation; (c) lighting; {d) drm king water; (e) wash- rooms, laundries, dr^^ing rooms, and lockers; if) hospital service and medical supervision; {g) diagnostic clinics; Qi) industrial diseases and poisons; {i) fatigue; (./) personal hygiene; (Ji) domestic hygiene; il) home nursing; (m) especially for w^omen: seats, rest periods, rest rooms, and elevators; (?i) lunch rooms; (o) food values; {p) house- keeping efficienc}^, and other matters related to physical health. Divisional committees and cliairmen. — (1) Lighting, L. B. Marks^ New York; (2) fatigue, Dr. Thomas Darlington, New York; (3) ventilation, Wenier Nygren, New^ York; (4) drinking water, Albert. L. Webster, New York; (5) industrial diseases and poisons, Dr. W. G, Hudson, Wilmijigton, Del.; (6) home nursing. Miss LiUian D.Waldj New York. (Other committees to be appointed.) III. Vocational education, H. E. Miles, chairman sectional com- mittee, Racine, Wis. (Special training for women, unskilled men, and boys.) IV. Housing, Philip Hiss, chairman sectional committee, New York. (Divisional subcommittees to be proposed; including indus- trial villages, city tenements, and corporation boarding houses.) V. Recreation^ Dr. George J. Fisher, chairman sectional com- mittee, New York. (Divisional subcommittees to be proposed.) 100620—17 2 10 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. VI. Correlation of agencies covering welfare activities, i. e., various national organizations. (Chairman to be appointed.) VII. Public education in health matters, Dr. Alvah H. Doty, chairman sectional committee, New York. VIII. Public cooperation through Federal, State, and municipal agencies; including labor and health departments. (Chairman to be appointed.) IX. Standard guides for employers, A. Parker Nevin, chairman sectional committee, New York. NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON WOMEN IN INDUSTRY. Mrs. Borden Harriman, Chairman. l^xecutive committee. — Mrs. Borden Harriman, chairman: Mrs. George Vanderbilt, treasurer; Pauline Goldmark, secretary; Miss Mildred Chadsey, executive secretary; Mrs. Sara A. Conboy, Mrs. V. Everit Macy, Melinda Scott, Mary Anderson, Grace Abbott, Marie Obenauer. NATIONAL SUBCOMMITTEES. I. Location of workers and conditions of labor. II. General living conditions of transported workers and local transportation facilities. III. Industrial standards, (a) Hours of labor, (6) weekly day of rest, (c) night work, {d) rest periods, {e) protection from overfatigue and industrial diseases, (/) sanitation, (g) wages, (h) prohibition of tenement house trades. IV. Women doing work customarily done by men. (a) Suita- bility of the work, (b) wages. V. Alien women in industry. VI. Colored women. Resolutions Adopted at the First Meeting of the Committee on Women in Industry. I. standard. Resolved, That we reiterate the statement of the labor committee of the Council of National Defense, that in the interest of health, output, and peace in industry- there should be no movement to relax existing labor standards, especially in regard to hours of labor and weekly day of rest. II. married women with young children. Besolved, That we view with alarm the increase of employment of married women with young children, and believe that efforts should be made to stem this movement as far as practicable, especially as regards night work, and that these women should be the last to enter into industry. Since women in their generous impulse to render service are offering to enter indus- try, therefore be it — III. NOT taking place OF WAGE EARNERS. Resolved, That their attention be called to the danger of undercutting existing wage standards and of displacing workers dependent on tlieir own earnings. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 11 GENERAL MEMBERSHIP LIST. COMMITTEE ON LABOR. Abbott, Grace, director Child Labor Division of the Children's Bureau, Depart- ment of Labor, Washington, D. C Adams, A. E., president Brotherhood of Bailroad Signalmen, Chicago, 111. Adams, Edgar E., general superintendent Cleveland Hardware Co., Cleveland, Ohio, Alii AS, N. P., president District 44, International Association of Machinists, Wash- ington, D. C. Alpine, John R., general president United Association of Plumbers and Steam Fitters, Chicago, 111. Anderson, J. F., International Association of Machinists, Washington, D. C. Anderson, Miss Mary, organizer, Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, Chicago, 111. Andrews, Roger ^I., president Andrews Publications, Menominee, Mich. Armstrong, Frank C., president Ray Hercules Copper Co., New York. AxTELL, Mrs. Frances C., W^orkmen's Compensation Commission, Washington, D. C. Bagley, ]\rrs. P'rederick P., Boston, Mass. Baine, C. li., secretary-treasurer Boot and Shoe Workers' LTnion, Boston, Mass. Baker, Geo. F., vice president First National Bank, New York. Ballard, S. Thruston, Ballard & Ballard Co., Louisville, Ky. Bancroft, Edgar A., general counsel International Harvester Co., Chicago, 111. Barbour, W. T., president Detroit Stove Works, Detroit, Mich. Bardeleben, Henry de, president Alabama Coal & Iron Co., Birmingham, Ala. Barker, A. E., president International Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Em- ployees, Detroit, Mich. Barnard, Miss Kate, former State factory inspector, Oklahoma City, Okla. Barnum, Miss Gertrude, journalist, Riverside, 111. Bass, Robert P., former gavernor of New Hampshire, New York. Beeks, Miss Gertrude, director welfare department The National Civic Federa- tion, New York. Belmont, August, New York. Bemis, Albert Farwell, president National Association of Cotton Manufacturers, Boston, Mass. Bennett, Paul, president United Powder and High Explosive Workers, Coalmont, Ind. Berger, Marcy I., director service department, Wholesale Clothiers' Association, Chicago, 111. Bergstrom, Carl, secretary Paving Cutters' International Union, Albion, N. Y. Berres, a. J., secretary-treasurer Metal Trades Department, American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Berry, David J., managing editor National Labor Journal, Pittsburgh, Pa. Berry, Geo. L., president International Printing Pressmen's and Assistants' Union of North America, Pressmen's Home, Tenn. Bittner, Van, organizer, United Mine Workers of America, Pittsburgh, Pa. Bliss, Cornelius N., jr., New York. Bloom. Major J. E., Washington, D. C. BowEN, George J., International Association of Machinists, Bridgeport, Conn. BowEN, Wm. president Bricklayers, Masons, and Plasterers' International Union, Indianapolis, Ind. Brady, Nicholas F., president New York Edison Co., New York. Brady, Peter J., president Allied Printing Trades Council, New York State, New York. Breckinridge, Miss S. P., University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Britton, W. W., president Metal Polishers' International L'nion, Cincinnati, Ohio. Brooker, Charles F., president Coe Brass Manufacturing Co., Ansonia, Conn. Brown, Dick Q., Tide Water Oil Co., New York. Brown, H. W., International Association of Machinists, Newark, N. J. Brown, J. G., president International Sliingle Weavers' Union, Seattle, Wash. Bryan, Wm. E., general president International L^nited Brotherhood of Leather Workers on Horse Goods, Kansas City, Mo. Bryant, Lewis T., State commissioner of labor, Trenton, N. J. Butterworth, Frank, president International Brick, Tile, and Terra-Cotta Workers' Alliance, Chicago, 111. Byllesby, Henry M., H. M. Byllesby & Co., Chicago, 111. Caminetti, a.. Bureau of Immigration, Department of Labor, Washington, D. C. •Carey, J. T., president-secretary International Brotherhood of Paper Makers, Albany, N. Y. 12 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. Carroll, T. E., International Association of Machinists, Washington, D. C. Carter, W. S., president Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen,. Peoria, 111. Chadsey, Mildred, former secretary Consumers' League of Ohio, Cleveland, Ohio. Chapin, R. D., president Hudson Motor Car Company, Detroit, Mich. Churchill, Mrs. Winston. Windsor, Vt. Clark, Dr. W. Irving, chief surgeon, Worcester, Mass. Clark, W. M., vice president Order of Railway Conductors of America, Washington, D. C. Clarke, Wm. P., president American Flint Glass Workers' Union, Toledo, Ohio. Clewell, C. E., assistant professor of electrical engineering, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, Pa. CoATES, David C, former Commissioner of Public Works of Seattle, Spokane, Wash. Cohn, Harry, chairman Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Manufacturers' Protective Associa- tion, New York. CoNBOY, Mrs. Sara A., secretary-treasurer United Textile Workers, New York. Connelly, John J., International Association of Machinists, Boston, Mass. Conroy, Miss Mary, member Bindery Women's Union (local), Baltimore, Md. CooLiDGE, L. A., treasurer United Shoe Machinery Co., Boston, Mass. Coulter, Dr. John M., University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Couzens, James. Commissioner of Police, Detroit, Mich. Crawford, George Gordon, president Tennessee Coal & Iron Co., Birmingham^ Ala. Crawford, Hardin L., New York. Crocker, Wm. H., president Crocker National Bank, San Francisco, Cal. Crowley, P. A., vice president New York Central Lines, New York. Curley, John F., president American Wire Weavers' Association, Holyoke, Mass. Curtis, Thomas J., president Tunnel and Subway Constructors' L^nion of North America, New Y^ork. D'Allessandro, D., president International Hod Carriers, Building, and Common Laborers' Union of America, Albany, N. Y. Daley, Miss Margaret, United Garment Workers, New York. Darlington, Dr. Thomas, secretary welfare committee, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York. Davidson, Henry P., J. P. Morgan & Co., New York. Dawes, Charles G., president Central Trust Co. of Illinois, Chicago, 111. Dawson, Miles M., attorney. New Y^ork. Deems, J. F., former general superintendent of motive power. New York Central Lines, West Burlington, Iowa. Devine, Edavard T., director New Y'ork School of Philanthropy, New Y^ork. Dew^ey, Dr. John, Columbia University, New York. Diamond, William, organizer, Linited Mine Workers of America, Cumberland, Md. Ditman, Dr. Norman E., chairman department industrial hygiene, American Museum of Safety, New York. DoAK, Wm. N., Brotherhood Railwav Trainmen (legislative committee), Washington, D. C. Dodd, Alvin E., secretary National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Educa- tion, New York. Dold, Charles, president Piano and Organ Workers' Union of America, Chicago, 111. DoNLiN, John, president Building Trades Department, American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Doty, Dr. Alvah H., medical director Western Union Telegraph Co., New Y^ork. Dow, Marcus A., general safety agent New York Central Lines, New Y^ork. Dreier, Mary E., Women's Trade Union League, New York. Duffy, Frank, secretary United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Indianapolis, Ind. Easley, Ralph M., chairman executive council. The National Civic Federation, New York. Eaton, J. M., welfare department, Cadillac Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. EcKHART, B. A., president B. A. Eckhart Milling Co., Chicago, 111. Egan, J. P., Weekly News Letter, American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Evans, Dr. W. A., president American Public Health Association, Chicago, 111. Fahy, Walter J., member. Lyman D, Smith & Co., New York, Fairbairn, Charles T., manager Republic Iron & Steel Co., Birmingham, Ala. Feeney, Frank, president International Union of Elevator Constructors, Phila- delphia, Pa. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 13 Ferguson, John H., president Maryland State and District of Columbia Federation of Labor, Baltimore, Md. Field, Wm. K., president Pittsburgh Coal Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. FiNLEY, John H., commissioner of education, University of State of New York, Albany, N. Y. Fisher, Dr. George J., Director Physical Woik Bureau, National War Work Council of Y. M. C. A. 'a of the United States, New York. Fiske, Haley, vice president Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York. Fitch, John A., the Survey, New York. Fitzgerald, Miss Anna, president Women's International Union Label League, Chicago, 111. Flaherty, Thos. F., secretary-treasurer National Federation of Postal Employees, Washington, D. C. Fletcher, Mrs. Roy E., chairman woman's committee National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education; chairman vocational educational committee of General Federation of Women's Clubs, New York. Flore, Edward, president Hotel and Restaurant Emjiloyees' International Alliance, Buffalo, N. Y. Foley, Miss Edna A., superintendent Visiting Nurses' Association, Chicago, 111. Forrester, Jas. J., grand president Brotherhood of Railwav Clerks, Cincinnati, Ohio. Ford, Chas. P., secretarv International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Spring- field, 111. Forster, H. W., construction engineer, Philadelphia, Pa. Frankel, Dr. Lee K., third vice president Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York. Franklin, J. A., president International Boiler Makers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers, Kansas City, Mo. Frankfurter, Felix, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Frayne, Hugh, organizer, American Federation of Labor, New York. Freel, James J., president International Stereotypers and Electrotypers' Union, Brooklyn. N. Y. Freeman, Carl, Railroad Postal Employees, Washington, D. C. Frey, John P., editor International Molders' Journal, Cincinnati, Ohio. Friedsam, Michael, president, B. Altman & Co., New York. Geier, Frederick A., Cincinnati Milling Machine Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Geier, Dr. Otto P., American Association Industrial Physicians and Surgeons, Cincinnati, Ohio. Giles, J. E., president Stenographers' Local U^nion, No. 11773, Washington, D. C. Godfrey, Hollis, consulting engineer, Philadelphia, Pa. Golden, John, president United Textile Workers of America, New York. Goldmark, Miss Josephine, publication secretary National Consumers' League, New York. Goldmark, Miss Pauline, research secretary National Consumers' League, New York. Goldsworthy, Benj., president Steel Plate Transferrers' Association of America, Washington, D. C. GoRGAs, Wm. C, Surgeon General, War Department, Washington, D. C. Grant, Joseph D., Burlingame, Cal. Green, William, secretary- treasurer United Mine W^orkers of America. Indianapolis, Ind. Greene, Edwin Farnham, treasurer Pacific Mills, Boston, Mass. Greenstein, Abraham, secretarv- treasurer International Jewelrv Workers, New York. ^ Guard, Miss R. Lee, secretary to Samuel Gompers, Washington. D. C. Guggenheim, Daniel, president American Smelting and Refining Co., New York. Haley, Miss Margaret, trustee American Federation of Teachers, Chicago, 111. Hamilton, Dr. Alice, special investigator for United States Bureau of Labor Sta- tistics, Chicago, 111. Hamilton, Grant, legislative committee American Federation of Labor, Washington, D. C. Hamlin, Edward, president Metropolitan Coal Co., Boston, Mass. Haney, Miss Mary, L'nited Garment Workers, New York. Hannan, Miss Nell, Retail Clerks' International Protective Association, Bellaire, Ohio. Harries, George, chairman Electric Railway Association, Omaha, Nebr. Harriman, Mrs. Borden, former member United States Industrial Relations Com- mission, Washington, D. C. Harriman, W. A., vice president Union Pacific System, New York. 14 COUNCIL or NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. Hart, John F., president Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America. Yorkville, N. Y. Haskell, H. G., E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Hatch, James II., president Upholsterers' International Union of North America, New York. Hatch, James A., Johnson & Higgins, New York. Hayes, Frank J., vice president United Mine Workers of America, Indianapolis, Ind. Hays. J. W., secretary Union Label Trades Department, American Federation of La])or (secretary-treasurer International Typographical Union), Washington, D. C. Healy, Timothy, president International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen, New York. Heberling, S. E., president Switchmen's Union of North America, Buffalo, N. Y. Hedges, Caroline, M. D., Chicago, 111. Hedrick, Geo. F., president Painters, Decorators, and Paper Hangers of North America, Lafayette, Ind. Herr, E. M., president Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co., East Pitts- burgh, Pa. Herrick, Myron T., former United States ambassador to France, Cleveland, Ohio. Hewitt, F., International Association of Machinists, Washington, D. C. Higgins, J. W., secretary W^estern Presidents' Conference, Chicago, 111. Hiss, Philip, architect. New York. Hoard, O, E., Kansas City, Kans. Hoffman, Frederick I;., statistician, Prudential Insiu-ance Co. of America, Newark, N.J. Hogan, Stephen C, president International Association of Marble, Slate, and Stone Polishers, Rubbers, and Sawyers, New York. Holden, Hale, president Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Pailroad Co., Washington, D. C. Holder, Arthur E,, legislative committee, American Federation of Labor (Inter- national Association of Machinists), Washington, D. C. Holder, Wm. G., president International Steel and Copper Plate Printers, New York. HoLMAN, Ralph T., president National Print Cutters Association of America, New Brunswick, N. J. HoYT, Colgate, Colgate Hoyt Co., New York. Hudson, Dr. W. G., E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Hudspeth, Robert S., Hudspeth & Rysdyk, Jersey City, N. J. Hughes, Andrew C, president Coopers' International Union, Newton Highlands, Mass. Humphrey, A. L., vice president Westinghouse Air Brake Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Hurley, J. T., president Composition Roofers' International Brotherhood, St. Louis, Mo. Hutcheson, Wm. L., president United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, Indianapolis, Ind. Hynes, John J., president Amalgamated Sheet Metal Workers, Kansas City, Mo. Imbrie, Andrew C, treasurer United States Finishing Co., New York. Jacobson, Mrs., Newark, N. J. January, Mrs. Harry, Ferguson. Mo. Jenks, Jeremiah W., director of division of public affairs. New York University, New York. Johnson, Wm., general manager Oliphant Johnson Coal Co., Vincennes, Ind. Johnston, Wm. H., president International Association of Machinists, Washington, D. C. Jones, Jerome, organizer, American Federation of Labor (International Typographical Union), Atlanta, Ga. JuDAH, Mrs. Noble Brandon, Dayton, Ohio. JuDD, J. Frank, Jr., president The Judd Automobile Co., Cleveland, Ohio. JuDSON, Frederick N., attorney, St. Louis, Mo. JuDSON, Harry Pratt, president University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Katzenbach, Frank, attorney, Trenton, N. J. Kearney, L. W., disbursing oflice, Agricultui'e Department, Washington, D. C. Keeler, William, International Association of Machinists, Washington, D. C. Kelton, W. a., International Association of Machinists, Philadelphia, Pa. King, Miss Madeline, Retail Clerks' Union, Sharon, Pa. KiNGSLEY, Darwin P., president New York Life Insurance Co., New York. Kline, James W., president International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths, Chicago, 111. Kober, Dr. Geo. M., Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. KoHN, Robert D., architect, factory buildings. New York. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 15 KoLB, Col. Louis J., president Kolb's Bakeries, Philadelphia, Pa. KoNE>NKAMP, S. J., president Commercial Telegraphers Union of North America, Chicago, 111. Krause, V. H., vice president and general manager Willis Coal & Mining Co., St. Louis, Mo. Lamb, B. F.^ International Association of Machinists, St. Louis, Mo. Lathrop, Miss Julia, Cliief Children's Bureau, Department of Labor, Washington, D. C. Lawrence, John S., textile manufacturer, Boston, Mass. Lee, Elisha, general manager Pennsylvania Railroad Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Lee, Frederic S., Columbia University, New York. Lee, W. G., president Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Cleveland, Ohio. Leiserson, Prof. Wm. M., Toledo University, Toledo, Ohio. Leland, Henry M., president Cadillac Motor Car Co., Detroit, Mich. Lennon, John B., treasurer American Federation of Labor (Journeymen Tailors' Union of America), Bloomington, 111. LoEB, Max, Loeb-Hammel Realty Co., Chicago, 111. Logan, Thomas F., Washington Post, Washington, D. C. Logan, Mrs. Thomas F., Wasliington, D. C. Logan, Wm. A., president International Union of Carriage, Wagon, and Automobile Workers, Cleveland, Oliio. Lorch, John H., Local Steam Engineers' Union, Washington, D. C. Lord, James, president Mining Department of American Federation of Labor (United Mine Workers), Washington, D. C. Lovely, Collis, vice president Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, St. Louis, Mo. Marshall, Miss Florence M., Director Manhattan Trade School for Girls, New York. McAllister, A. S., engineer, New York. McAndrew, Anthony, president Tobacco Workers' International Union, Louisville, Ky. McCarthy, Dr. Charles, Madison, Wis. McCarthy, Frank H., organizer American Federation of Labor, Boston, Mass. McClory, J. E., president International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers, Indianapolis, Ind. McCoRMicK, Vance C, chairman Democratic national committee, Harrisburg, Pa. McCreery, J. F., Paducah, Ky. McDowell, Miss Mary, University of Chicago Settlement, Chicago, 111. McEnery, Miss Mary, Bindery Women, Chicago, 111. McEntee, J. J., International Association of Machinists, New York. McGinley, Thomas A., vice president Duff Manufacturing Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. McGillivray, Arch., general chairman of machinists, Southern Railway and Allied Lines, Birmingham, Ala. McGivERN, E. J., president Operative Plasterers' International Union, Middletown, Ohio. McMiLLiN, Emerson, president American Light & Traction Co., New York. McNally, Miss Gertrude, secretary Federal Labor Union, 12776, Washington, D. C. McNamara, a. T., International Association of Machinists, Pittsburgh, Pa. McNamara, p. J., legislatiA'C committee, Railroad Brotherhood, Washington, D. C. McNeill, Thomas, president International Brotherhood of Foundry Employees, Cohoes, N. Y. McNuLTY, Frank J., president International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Springfield, 111. McPherson, John B., secretary New England Civic Federation, Boston, Mass. McSorley, Wm. J., president Lathers' International Union, Cleveland, Ohio. Macauley, Miss Mary J., Telegraphers' Union, Lockport, N. Y. Macfarland, H. B. F., Red Cross Society, Washington, D. C. Macy, Mrs. V. Everit, New York. Macy, V. EvERiT, president The National Civic Federation, New York. Mahon, W. D., president Amalgamated Association of Street and Ele^ctric Railway Employees of America, Detroit, Mich. Malone, Murt, secretary International Travelers' Goods and Leather Novelty Workers, Oshkosh, Wis. Manly, Basil M., journalist, Washington, D. C. Manning, Van H., Director Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. Marburg, Theodore, poUtical economist, Baltimore, Md. Marks, L. B., consulting engineer. New York. Martin, Mrs. Franklin, Washington, D. C. Meeker, Dr. Royal, U. S. Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Washington, D. C. 16 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE^ COMMITTEE ON LABOR. Menge, Edward, National Brotherhood of Operathe Potters, East Liverpool, Ohio. Merrill, Dr. Theodore C, Bureau of Chemistry, Washington, D. C. Merz, Charles, The New Eepublic, Washington, D. C. Mesta, George, president Mesta Machine Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Meyer, Andries, president Diamond ^^'orkers' Protective Union of America, Brook- lyn, N. Y. Michael, C, Edwin, president Virginia Bridge & Iron Co., Roanoke, Va. Miles, H. E., chairman industrial training committee. National Association of Manu- facturers, Racine, Wis. Millar, Preston S., Electrical Testing Laboratories, New York. Miller, Fred J.. New York. Moran, Mrs. Mary E., Laundry Workers' Union, Boston, Mass. Morgan, A\'m. Fellowes, Merchants' Association of New York. New York. Morrison, Frank, secretary American Federation of Labor (International Typo- graphical Union), Washington, D. C. MosKowiTz, Mrs. Henry, industrial and administrative service. New York. MouLTON, W. H., secretarj^ Cleveland-Chffs Iron Co., Ishpeming, Mich. Moyer, Chas. H., president Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers' International Union, Denver, Colo. MuLLANEY, Joseph A., president Asbestos Workers' International Union, Elmhm'st, L. I. Murphy, P. F., president Bill Posters and Billers' International Alliance, ( 'hicago, 111. Murray, John, Pan-American Federation of Labor (International Typographical Union), Washington, D, C. Neenan, J. M., president National Window Glass Workers, Cleveland, Ohio. Neill, Chas. P., manager bureau of information, Southeastern Railwa\s, Washing- ton, D. (;. Nelson, Oscar F., chief department of factory inspection, State of Illinois, Chi- cago, 111. Nevin, a. Parker, general counsel National Association of Manufacturers, New York. NooNAN, Jas. p., vice president International Brotherhood Electrical Workers, Springfield, 111. Noschang, Frank X., president International Union Journeymen Barbers, Indian- apolis. Ind. Nygren, Werner, consulting engineer, New York. Obenauer, Miss Marie L., executive secretary of bureau of registration and informa- tion. The National League for Woman's Service, Washington. D. C. O'CoNNELL. James, president Metal Trades Department, American Federation of Labor (International Association of Machinists), Washington, D. C. O'Conner, T. v., president International Longshoremen's Association. Buffalo, N. Y. O 'Grady, Rev. John, Catholic University of America. Washington, D. C. Outerbridge. E. H., president New York Chamber of Commerce, New York. Palmer, Lew R.. president National Safety Council, Harrisburg, Pa. Parker, Alton B., New York. Patterson. Dr. Francis D.. chief of division of industrial hygiene and engineering, State department of labor and industry, Harrisburg, Pa. Peabody, F. S., Peabody Coal Co., Chicago, 111. Peckitt, Leonard, president Empire Steel & Iron Co., Catasauqua, Pa. Peixotto, Prof. Jessica B., University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Pepper, George Wharton, chairman committee of public safety for the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Perham, H. B., president Order of Railroad Telegraphers. St. Louis, Mo. Perkins, Geo. W., president Cigarmakers' International Union, Chicago, 111. PoDOLSKY, Michael M., mechanical engineer, Philadelphia. Pa. Pope, George, president National Association of Manufacturers, Hartford, Conn. Porter, Alexander J., chairman board of directors, Shredded Wheat Co., Niagara Falls, N, Y. Price, Geo. M.. director joint board of sanitary control, New York. " Procter, Wm. Cooper, president Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Proebstle. Joseph, secretary Brewery Workers' International Union, Cincinnati, Ohio. PuRTiLL. F. L.. vice chairman Illinois State legislative board of Brotherhood of Loco- motive Firemen and Enginemen, DuQuoin, 111. Randall, Blanchard, president Chamber of Commerce, Baltimore, Md. Ranney, George A., chairman welfare board, International Harvester Co., Chi- cago, 111. Rendell, B. H., International Association of Machinists, Chicago, 111. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 17 Reider, Edith S., welfare secretary International Harvester Co., Chicago, 111. Richards. R. C, chairman Chicago & North Western Raihvuy, Chicago. 111. RiCKERT, Thomas A., president United Garment Workers of America, New York. Ripley, Prof. W. Z.. Harvard University. Newton Center, Mass. RiTTENHOusE, E. E., Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, New York. RoBBiNS, Hayes, former secretary New England Civic Federation, Winchester, Mass. Roberts, F. C, Typographical Union No. 101, Washington, D. C. Robins, Thomas, secretary United States Naval Consulting Board, New York. Rockefeller, Jr., John D., New York. Russell. Charles Edward, journalist. Washington, D. C. Ryan, Martin F., president Brotherhood Railway Carmen of America, Kansas City, Mo. Sanville, Miss Florence, Women's Trade Union League, Philadelphia, Pa. Savage, Thomas J., International Association of Machinists, Everett, Mass, Schereschewsky, Dr. J. W., Public Health Service, Treasury Department, Pitts- burgh, Pa. Schieffehn, Wm. Jay, New York City. Schmidlapp, J. G., banker, Cincinnati, Ohio. Schram, Louis B., chairman labor committee United States Brewers' Association, Brooklyn, N. Y. Scott, Miss Melinda, Adce president AVomen's Trade Union League, New York. Sculley, John W., president LTnited Hatters of North America, New York. Serrill, Wm. J., president Illuminating Engineering Society, Philadelphia, Pa. Shaw, Dr. Albert, editor Review of Reviews, New York. Shay, Charles C, president International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, New York. Sheppard, L. E., vice president Order of Railway Conductors of America, Washing- ton, D. C. Shuey, Edwin L., Lowe Bros. Co., Dayton, Ohio. Small, R. O., Boston, Mass. Snellings, Milton, president International Steam and Operating Engineers, Chi- cago, 111. Sovey, a. p., president International Brotherhood of Bookbinders, Indianapolis, Ind. Spangler, Col. J. L., Bellefonte, Pa. Spencer, Wm. J., secretary Building Trades Department, American Federation of Labor (United Association of Plumbers and Steam Fitters), Washington, D. C. Steghagen, Miss Emma, Boot and Shoe Workers, Chicago, 111. Stickney, W. H., Edison Lamp Works, Harrison, N. J. Stillman, Chas. B., president American Federation of Teachers, Wilmette, 111. Stone, N. I., statistician, Washington, D. C. Stone, Warren S., president Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, Cleveland, Ohio. Stotesbury, Edward T.,'Drexel & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Straus, Percy S., R. H. Macy & Co., New York. Straus, Roger S., assistant to chairman board of directors, American Smelting and Refining Co., New York. Suitor, Fred W., secretary Quarry workers' International Union, Barre, Vt. Sullivan, James W., Typographical Union No. 6, I. T. U., New York. Sweeney, Thomas, secretary Journeymen Tailors Union of America, Chicago, 111. Taylor, Harry N., Kansas City, Mo. Thompson, \Y. Oilman, M.D., New York. Thorne, Florence C, assistant editor American Federationist, Washington, D. C. Thornton, George, Mule Spinners' Union, Central Falls, R. I. Tobin, John F., president Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, Boston, Mass. TowsoN, Chas. R., secretary industrial department Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation, New York. Trowbridge, Mrs. Lydia, High School Teachers' Federation, Chicago, 111. Trumbull, Mrs. Millie R., Oregon industrial commission, Portland, Oreg. Ullman, Isaac M., president Chamber of Commerce, New Haven, Conn. Vail, Theodore N., president American Telephone and Telegraph Co., New York. Valentine, Joseph F., president International Molders' Union of North America, Cincinnati, Ohio. Van Dornes, G. C, vice president International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths and Helpers, Chicago, 111. Vanderbilt, Mrs. George, Washington, D. C. 18 COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. Vanderlip, Frank A., president National City Bank, New York. Van Kleeck, Mary, director Division of Industrial Studies, Russell Sage Founda- tion, New York. VoLL, John A., president Glass Bottle Blowers' Association, Philadelphia, Pa. Wagner, Hon. Robert F., State senator, Albany, N. Y. Wainwright, J. M., chief surgeon Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Co., Scranton, Pa. Walber, John G., secretary bureau of information of eastern railroads. New York. Wald, Miss Lillian D., head worker Henry Street Settlement, New York. Walker, J. H., president Illinois State Federation of Labor, Springfield, 111. Warne, Dr. Frank J., economist, Washington, D. C. Warren, Major Chas. B., Detroit, Mich. Warren, G. E., attorney, Tulsa, Okla. Weber, Joseph N., president American Federation of Musicians, New York. Webster, Albert L., civil enoineer. New York. Weinstook, Harris, president Weinstock-Nichols Co., San Francisco, Cal. Weiss, Miss Emilia, International Cigar Makers' Union, Detroit, Mich. Welsh, W. M., president International Brotherhood of Steam Shovel and Dredge Men, New York. Werber, Dr. GusTAVus, Washington, D. C. Westover, F. S., General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. Wharton, A. O., president Railway Employees' Department, American Federation of Labor (International Association of Machinists), St. Louis, Mo. Wheeler, Benj. Ide, president University of California, Berkeley, Cal. White, Wm. P., treasurer Lowell Paper Tube Corporation, Lowell, Mass. WiLLCOX, William R., chairman Republican national committee. New York. Williams, Harvey, president J. H. Williams & Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. Williams, John, president Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers, Pittsburgh, Pa. Williams, Dr. Talcott, Columbia University, New York. Wills, H. E., assistant grand chief Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, Wash- ington, D. C. Wilson, James, president Pattern Makers' League of North America, Cincinnati, Ohio. Wilson, Wm. B., Secretary of Labor, Washington, D. C. WiNSLOW, Chas. H., vocational educational adviser, Newark, N. J. Wise, Rabbi Stephen S., Free Synagogue, New York. WoLFMAN, Herman, secretary International Brotherhood of Tip Printers, Brooklyn, N. Y. WoLL, Matthew, president International Photo-Engravers' Union, Chicago, 111. Wood, Wm. M., president American Woolen Co., Boston, Mass. Woodruff, Clinton Rogers, secretary National Municipal League, Philadelphia, Pa. Wright, Chester M., newspaper writer, Washington, D. C. Young, A. H., director American Museum of Safety, New York. Zuckerman, Max, secretary United Cloth Hat and Cap Makers of North America, New York. ADDITIONAL MEMBERS. Albaugh, Dr. R. P., Columbus, Ohio. Apfelbach, Dr. George, Chicago, 111. Blois, Louis de, Wilmington, Del. Boolson, Dr. Lewis, Newcastle, Del. Brainard, Owen, New York City. Chaddock, Robert E., New York City. Dodge, Raymond, Middletown, Conn. DooLEY, C. R., Westinghouse Electric Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. Duncan, Dr. William E., Hartford, Conn. Eds ALL, Dr. David L., Boston, Mass. Erdman, Dr. Seward, New York City. Farnum, Dr. C. G., Peoria, 111. Florence, P. Sargent, New York City. French, Edward V., Boston, Mass. Groeniger, William C, Columbus, Ohio. Harris, Dr. Louis I., New York City! Harvey, Dr. A. M., Chicago, 111. Hayhurst, Dr. E. R., Columbus, Ohio. Hering, Rudolph, New York City. COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, COMMITTEE ON LABOR. 19 Hough, Theodore, University, Va. Jensex, Elmer E., Chicago, 111. Keays, Dr. Frederick L., New York City. Kerr, Dr. J. W., Washington, D. C. Kimball, D. D., New York City. Lyle, J. I., New York City. McCuRDY, Dr. S. M., Yoiingstown, Ohio. Martin, E. G., New York City. Marshall, Miss Florence M., director Manhattan Trade School for Girls, New York City. Mauran, J. L., president American Institute of Architects, Washington, D. C. MiDDLETON, Harry N., B. F. Sturtevant Blower Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Mock, Dr. H. E., Chicago, 111. Ohmes, Arthur K., New York City. Ramsdell, J. W., Detroit, Mich. , Roach, John, Trenton, N.J. Roehr, Christoph D., New York City. RouTSONG, Dr. R. C, Dayton, Ohio. Ryan, Dr. Lorne M., Brooklyn, N. Y. Selby, Dr. CD., Toledo, Ohio. Smith, Dr. Carl E., Akron, Ohio. Stewart, F. J. T., New York City. SzAMALTOSKi, Dr. Samuel, Newark, N. J. Veillier, Lawrence, New York City. Verrill, Charles H., Washington, D. C. YoGT, Dr. John, New York City. Waid, D. Everet, New York City. Warren, Dr. B. S., Washington, D. C. Whipple, George, Harvard Medical College, Boston, Mass. Williams, J. H., Drop Forge Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. Williams, Sidney J., Madison, Wis. WiNSLOw, Dr. C. E. A., Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Woodward, Dr. W. C, Washington, D. C. WooLsoN, Ira H., New York City. o Stockton, Calif. T. M. Reg. U.S.Pat. Off. LIBRARIES CD5111fl71D