li
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 41, e , c^ 
 
 !
 
 CHARLES LAFAYETTE BROWN, D.D. 
 
 nori! December .i, 
 Died December 5, 
 
 1874. in Tredell County, North Carolina. 
 1921, at Sanoghie, Liberia, West Africa.
 
 In Memoriam 
 
 Charles Lafayette Brown 
 
 Prepared by the Officers of the Board of 
 Foreign Missions of the United Lutheran Church 
 
 in America 
 
 EZRA K. BELL, President 
 LUTHER B. WOLF 
 GEORGE DRACH, Secretaries 
 
 For Private Distribution 
 
 PUBLISHED BV THE BOARD. 
 18 EAST MT. VERNON PLACE. BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 1922. 
 
 I t 1 t t * > ' i' I , a 11,
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Biographical Sketch, by George Drach 3 
 
 Tributes and Minutes 21 
 
 Quotations from Letters, arranged by Ezra K. 
 Bell 59 
 
 Excerpts from Publications, arranged by 
 Luther B. Wolf 90 
 
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 ►—>(—»—. 
 
 Charles Lafayette Brown 
 
 Minister, Missionary, Board Secretary 
 By George Drach 
 
 ^' I '*0 devote one's life to foreign mission effort 
 3 ^ requires the ardor of a crusader, the valor 
 _ of an adventurer, the zeal of a devotee, the endur- 
 \ ance of a martyr, the wisdom of a philosopher, 
 3 the fidelity of a disciple and the faith of a Chris- 
 tian. Foreign missionaries are men and women 
 who dei>end implicitly on God's grace and griidance, 
 ' who believe His promises and obey His command- 
 ments with unquestioning devotion, who hope for 
 the triumph of His kingdom everywhere on earth 
 despite continued disappointments and seeming 
 failure. 
 
 Secular history records the names of men whose 
 undaunted courage as bold adventurers led them to 
 unknown lands and through uncharted seas, heroes 
 of great physical efifort and endurance, whom death 
 could not daunt, leaders of mighty armies whose 
 ambition for dominion outreached their ability to 
 hold what they gained. 
 
 Greater far than the lust for earthly power is 
 the passion for spiritual conquest; mightier than 
 the valor of nation-builders is the persistent faith 
 
 3 
 
 447286
 
 4 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 of Christian world-conquerors. The kingdom of 
 God is stronger and wider and more permanent 
 than any secular empire. The conquest of the 
 world for Christ is the goal of all Christian en- 
 deavor. God has given the world and them that 
 dwell therein to the missionaries of His Church. 
 
 Charles Lafayette Brown was a foreign mission- 
 ary with his whole heart and mind and spirit. Every 
 atom of his being responded to the Lord's call for 
 the triumph of Christianity in all the world. His 
 best book bears the title "Japan for Christ." His 
 best years were given to the Christianization of the 
 land of the Rising Sun. He was chosen as a Board 
 Secretary on his record as a foreign missionary. He 
 died in the pursuit of his high calling as an advo- 
 cate of Christianity among non-Christians. His 
 body lies buried in the heart of Liberia, West 
 Africa. He is a missionary hero of the Lutheran 
 Church in America. 
 
 Boyhood and Youth 
 Charles Lafayette, the fifth child of Robert H. 
 Brown and his wife Susan Amelia nee Brown, was 
 born December 3, 1874, on a farm in Iredell county, 
 North Carolina. His father was of Scotch-Irish 
 descent, his mother, a niece of Mrs. Samuel Roth- 
 rock, after whom she was named, was a member 
 of a widespread family who descended from the 
 German Browns located in the vicinity of Salis- 
 bury, North Carolina. Though of the same name, 
 there was no blood relationship between husband 
 and wife. While Charles was a small boy his father
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 5 
 
 gave up farming and went to Charlotte to engage 
 in business as a merchant. When he was nine and 
 one-half years old, his mother died. She was a 
 woman of gentle, refined and deeply religious char- 
 acter with a towering faith in God and His Word. 
 She taught her children from their infancy to know, 
 love and serve God and to go to Him in prayer 
 for all things. For several years before her demise 
 she was an invalid who patiently bore her affliction. 
 Her instruction and example left a deep and abid- 
 ing impression on her children. 
 
 After his mother's death Charles was sent to his 
 cousin. Pleasant Brown, to board and to attend the 
 school taught by Miss Dora Fleegor, now Mrs. 
 Brown, of Hendersonville, N. C. Later, when he 
 was twelve or thirteen years old he went to live 
 for about two years with his uncle and aunt, Mr. 
 and Mrs. J. J. Ouantz, of Richmond, Virginia. 
 While in Richmond he learned the printer's trade. 
 Under the influence of his aunt he decided to be- 
 come a minister of the Gospel. His father, who 
 had failed in his business and had returned to the 
 occupation of farming in Spartansburg county, 
 South Carolina, was in no position financially to 
 assist his son. Charles was determined to prepare 
 himself for college and was encouraged by his 
 uncle and aunt. He went back to Rowan county 
 to resume his studies under Prof. Lewis Rothrock, 
 who w^as an excellent teacher. For his board he 
 worked on the farm of his kinsman, Mr. Holz- 
 hauser, burning the midnight oil to prepare his les- 
 sons in school.
 
 6 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Another uncle, Rev. Samuel Rothrock, D.D., a 
 country preacher all his life, but so distinguished 
 that the University of North Carolina conferred on 
 him the honorary degree of doctor of divinity, gave 
 Charles in his impressionable youth special atten- 
 tion and helped to shape his aims and mould his 
 character. 
 
 His sister, Mrs. P. D. Risinger, of Landis, North 
 Carolina, the only surviving member of the family, 
 testifies that her brother in his boyhood was "never 
 rough or boisterous, but quiet, reserved and very 
 conscientious. His father was a kind man and a de- 
 voted husband, refined, genteel and honest to a 
 fault. He was loved and respected by all who 
 knew him. Financial misfortune overtook him and 
 he lost his property." He died in his daughter's 
 home in Ehrhardt, South Carolina, on March 4, 
 1921, nine months before his distinguished son, 
 whose filial piety was a source of comfort and 
 strength to the aged parent during the closing years 
 of his life. 
 
 College Days 
 
 Charles entered Roanoke College, Salem, Vir- 
 ginia, in September, 1892, as a sophomore, being 
 then seventeen years of age. His teachers found in 
 him a diligent and careful student. He was always 
 prepared for the class recitations, thus exemplify- 
 ing in his youth the Latin phrase, "Semper paratus." 
 
 He became a member of the Demosthenean Lit- 
 erary Society and an active worker in the Young 
 Men's Christian Association. Rev. C. Armand
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 7 
 
 Miller, D.D., was then pastor of the college church, 
 and his attractive personality made a deep impres- 
 sion on all the students. Throughout his college 
 life Brown responded to the appeal of Dr. Miller's 
 personal piety and fine scholarship. Brown's foren- 
 sic ability was recognized by his fellow-students 
 and teachers. In his junior year the Demostheneans 
 were anxious to capture the inter-society orator's 
 medal. Brown, their best orator, was induced to 
 try for it. He w^on the honor for his class. He was 
 the valedictorian at the commencement exercises in 
 1895. He did not go in for athletics, for which 
 there was not the enthusiasm then that there is now. 
 
 He was a faithful attendant at the church ser- 
 vices, at Sunday School and at young people's 
 meetings. Through the two latter the college stu- 
 dents were introduced to Salem society and made 
 those acquaintances which sometimes led to matri- 
 mony. Brown met, wooed and won Virginia 
 Frantz of Salem, while he was a college student. 
 They were married September 29, 1898, in Salem, 
 after his ordination, just before sailing for Japan. 
 
 One of his classmates in the Lutheran Theolog- 
 ical Seminary, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, writes that 
 as a theological student Brown conscientiously and 
 eagerly studied the entire Gospel record by a con- 
 secutive reading of the New Testament in the 
 Lutheran Commentary. To him the Bible was truly 
 the inspired Word of God, the means of divine 
 grace through Jesus Christ. To preach and teach it 
 was a grave responsibility as well as a high privi- 
 lege. He spared no effort in his preparation for the
 
 8 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 holy ministry. He was graduated from the Theo- 
 logical Seminary in 1898. True to the teaching of 
 his professors he refrained from offering his ser- 
 vice for any specific work in the Church, but 
 waited for God to indicate to him through a call 
 mediated by men, where he should go and labor in 
 the vineyard of the Lord. Shortly before his gradu- 
 ation he received a call from the congregation at 
 Graham, Virginia, but just before commencement 
 the Board of Missions of the United Synod in the 
 South sent him an urgent call to serve as a mis- 
 sionary in Japan. He felt it to be his duty to accept 
 this call. He was ordained in 1898 at the meeting 
 of the South West Virginia Synod, from which he 
 had received some beneficiary aid. After an ex- 
 tended tour on the territory of the United Synod, 
 urging the congregations to rally to the support of 
 the Japan Mission, he sailed that fall for the mis- 
 sion field. 
 
 Missionary in Japan 
 
 When Brown arrived in Japan in November, 
 1898, he went to Saga on the island of Kyushu, 
 where Missionaries Scherer and Peery had opened 
 the Mission. Up to the time of his arrival, five 
 years after the Mission had been begun, all evan- 
 gelistic work had been confined to Saga and several 
 smaller towns in its vicinity. Brown's arrival 
 brought new hope and inspired new effort, and im- 
 mediately a Japanese evangelist was sent to Kuma- 
 moto to open the second station. After two years 
 of language study in Saga, Brown moved to Kuma-
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 9 
 
 moto on December lo, 1900. At the same time 
 Rev. J. M. T. Winther, the first missionary of the 
 United Danish Church in America, went to 
 Kurume. 
 
 In Kumamoto he devoted himself to evangelistic 
 work and, assisted by his wife, established and de- 
 veloped a number of Sunday schools. The need of 
 securing Japanese evangelists and pastors, if the 
 Church in Japan were to become indigenous, called 
 for the establishment of a middle school; but the 
 Home Board felt itself financially unable to author- 
 ize the undertaking. Brown, backed by the other 
 missionaries, pressed for a solution as a matter 
 which involved the very existence of the Mission. 
 When he returned to America on regular furlough 
 in June, 1906, he was appointed by the Board to 
 present the need of a misson school at the meeting 
 of the United Synod in the South, in session at 
 Dallas, North Carolina. He pleaded earnestly and 
 successfully and the Synod resolved to undertake 
 the task. Brown was commissioned to solicit in 
 the churches for the sum of $25,000. Sickness in 
 his family delayed his return to Japan until October, 
 1908. By that time he had secured the desired 
 amount. 
 
 When he got back to Kumamoto a fresh study of 
 the problem showed the inadequacy of the amount 
 raised. The price of land, labor and material had 
 advanced after Japan's successful war with Russia. 
 A suitable lot was purchased in November, 1909, 
 and there the matter rested until Rev. A. J. Stire- 
 walt came to America on furlough in 1910. Through
 
 10 BROWX MEMORIAL 
 
 his effort during an extended furlough period an 
 additional $25,000 were secured. Meanwhile the 
 first buildings were being erected under Brown's 
 supervision. Before their completion in 19 12 the 
 first class of students was admitted in April. 191 1. 
 Those who applied for admission numbered 22S, 
 but there was room for only 122. The next year 
 -75 applied and 96 could be admitted. The school 
 now enrolls nearly six hundred pupils in five 
 classes. It is a Middle School under the Japan 
 system of education, recognized by the government. 
 The missionaries named it Kvnishu Gakuin. Kyushu 
 literally means the nine province island. Gakko is 
 the Japanese name for school. Gakuin signifies a 
 school of more than one department. K\-ushu Gak- 
 uin was begim with two departments, a middle 
 school and a theological department It is. there- 
 fore, the Nine Province Department School of the 
 American Lutheran Mission in Japan. 
 
 K\-iishu, the most southern of the four large 
 islands of Japan, has a population of 7.500,000. and 
 an area nearly as large as the states of \"irginia, 
 South Carolina and Georgia combined. Besides 
 KjTishu Gakuin there are two similar Mission 
 Schools for boys in the island, each more than 150 
 miles away by raiL The latitude oi Ki::namoto is 
 about the same as that of Savannah, Ga. It has a 
 population of 75,000, is situated near the center of 
 the island and is its undisputed educational center. 
 Brown saw the educational advantage of locating 
 the Mission Middle School in this city. 
 
 Pupils are received at Kvushu Gakuin v.hen thev
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 11 
 
 are twelve or thirteen years of age, after having had 
 the six years' compulsory primary course in a gov- 
 ernment school. From Kyushu Gakuin the pupils 
 go for a three years' course to a government high 
 school and tlien, if they decide to enter the holy 
 ministry, to the Theological Seminary. Recently the 
 Mission had decided on a separate Theologcal 
 Seminary, to be located in Tokyo, and to cost about 
 $100,000. It has appealed to the United Lutheran 
 Church in America to provide this important insti- 
 tution. Several Japanese students in America are 
 being prepared in our Theological Seminaries for 
 professorships in the Tokyo Seminary. Others, 
 studying in America, will return to Japan to do 
 evangelistic and pastoral work. 
 
 All the students in Kyushu Gakuin are given op- 
 portunity in the classroom instruction, in Bible 
 classes and in the chapel services to learn the truths 
 of Christianity. Many have embraced this oppor- 
 tunity and the proportion of students baptized dur- 
 ing their attendance, is exceptionally high. The 
 students are practically all from non-Christian 
 homes. Their parents know that they will be 
 brought under the influence of Christian mission- 
 aries and teachers. Even though many of the stu- 
 dents do not embrace Christianity, they learn to 
 appreciate its spirit, lay aside their prejudices and 
 become friendly in their attitude towards Chris- 
 tianity. Graduates of Kyushu Gakuin are now 
 among the leaders in our Lutheran Church in Japan 
 and some of them hold high government positions. 
 
 As a lasting memorial to its founder, Charles
 
 12 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Lafayette Brown, a chapel will be erected on the 
 campus of Kyushu Gakuin at a cost of $35,000. In 
 it the Word of God which he believed, obeyed, and 
 preached, will be proclaimed to tliousands of Japa- 
 nese students throughout the coming years, and 
 many will learn to know Jesus Christ and embrace 
 Him as their Saviour and Lord. 
 
 Board Secretary 
 When Rev. Robert C. Holland, D.D., President 
 and General Secretary of the Board of Foreign 
 Missions of the United Synod in the South, died in 
 December, 191 5, the Board at once turned to Dr. 
 Charles L. Brown, the President of the Mission 
 Conference in Japan, and called him to serve as 
 General Secretary for the period of his furlough, 
 then due, with the view to permanency. Arriving 
 in America in May, 1916, he threw himself vigor- 
 ously into the active performance of the manifold 
 duties of the secretaryship and did so well that when 
 the merger of the general bodies of Lutherans, 
 forming the United Lutheran Church in America, 
 was consummated, resulting in the consolidation of 
 their respective Foreign Mission Boards, Dr. Brown 
 was unanimously chosen one of the three Secre- 
 taries of the united board. He served as Secretary 
 for Japan, Africa, South America, Mission Study, 
 Transportation and Stereopticon Department. The 
 manner in which he speedily mastered the detail of 
 his assigned departments bore evidence of his effi- 
 ciency as an administrator. His public advocacy of 
 the cause of Foreign Missions, especially when he
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 13 
 
 spoke of the mission work in Japan, always won 
 close attention and led to deeper interest and greater 
 
 effort. 
 
 For his ability and achievements as a missionary, 
 Lenoir College, Hickory, North Carolina, in 1907, 
 and his Alma Mater, Roanoke College, Salem, Vir- 
 ginia, in 1916, conferred on him the honorary degree 
 of doctor of divinity. While he lived in Columbia, 
 South Carolina, as General Secretary of the South- 
 ern Board, he taught in the Lutheran Theological 
 Seminary in that city, and was a weekly contributor 
 of articles published in the Foreign Mission De- 
 partment of the Lutheran Church Visitor. Many 
 pamphlets and leaflets were issued from his pen. 
 Everything he wrote revealed his clear insight into 
 the problems of Christian Missions in Japan, and 
 his world-wide outlook as an advocate of Chris- 
 tianity. 
 
 Last Journey 
 
 After serA'ing two and one-half years in the office 
 of the Board of Foreign Missions of the United 
 Lutheran Church in America, the National Luth- 
 eran Council chose him as one of two special com- 
 missioners to investigate conditions in the former 
 German Lutheran mission fields in equatorial East 
 Africa. He left New York, accompanied by Rev. 
 A. C. Zeilinger of the Iowa Synod, on April 16, 192:1. 
 They went to East Africa by w^ay of India, reach- 
 ing Mombassa on June 12th. From Tanga, twelve 
 days later, they journeyed inland. During their tour 
 of inspection in the former Leipsic, Berlin and Biele-
 
 14 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 feld fields in what is known as the Tanganyika Ter- 
 ritory, they walked nearly 500 miles through primi- 
 tive interior country inhabited by aboriginal negroes, 
 undergoing many physical hardships. By confer- 
 ence with the English officials of the territory, with 
 the two German missionaries who had been allowed 
 to remain in the field and those of other societies, 
 with the native leaders and people who had been 
 converted to Christianity, the commissioners accom- 
 plished that which they had been sent to do. They 
 succeeded in making arrangements for the preserva- 
 tion of the missions as Lutheran missions under the 
 care and direction of American Lutheran Synods. 
 Their cablegrams and reports to the National Luth- 
 eran Council, signed by Dr. Brown as chairman of 
 the commission, clearly indicated with what con- 
 summate wisdom and careful judgment they pur- 
 sued their difficult task and accomplished their 
 purpose. 
 
 Leaving East Africa September i, 1921, Dr. 
 Brown went back to India and spent two weeks in 
 the Guntur and Rajahmundry fields of our India 
 Mission. Unfortunately we shall never know what 
 information he gathered and what advice he would 
 have given, for his notes and diary, written in 
 India, are too meagre and disconnected to permit 
 a correct interpretation without his personal com- 
 ments. 
 
 At Marseilles, France, he made close connections 
 with a steamer for Freetown, Sierra Leone. He 
 reached Monrovia, Liberia, on Saturday, November 
 5, 192 1. The steamship anchored in the open bay
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 15 
 
 before the city too late that night to discharge its 
 passengers. Sunday morning the mail boat brought 
 a note from the General Receiver, Mr. H. F. 
 Worley, asking Dr. Brown to be his guest in Mon- 
 rovia. Miss Elsie Otto of the Mission in Liberia 
 came down from Muhlenl>erg Station on Monday 
 and on Tuesday morning at 1 1 o'clock they took the 
 launch up the St. Paul river. After some delay 
 Millsburg was reached at 7.30 P. M., where a dozen 
 mission boys, led by Miss Marie Martens, met them 
 and escorted them over the two miles of the road 
 to Muhlenberg. Rev. and Mrs. F. M. Traub had 
 invited all the missionaries to dinner. It was a joy- 
 ful company of men and women, welcoming one of 
 the Secretaries of the Board, and they were deeply 
 impressed by his fine Christian spirit and his sym- 
 pathetic understanding of their unique missionary 
 problems. Besides the missionaries already men- 
 tioned, Sister Laura Gilliland, Miss Mabel Dysinger 
 and Mr. James W. Miller were present. 
 
 Dr. Brown visited first the Boys' School at Muh- 
 lenberg Station and the Emma V. Day Girls' School 
 on the other side of the river. He examined all the 
 buildings and departments of the mission work at 
 the main station and then, on November 14th, he 
 started for the interior. An itinerary had been 
 arranged for him and the President of the Confer- 
 ence, Rev. Charles E. Buschman, was to accompany 
 him. They first visited the new station of Kolojo, 
 to which Rev. and Mrs. Buschman were moving 
 from Wuodi. On this trip Dr. Brown had his first 
 experience wMth a hammock as a vehicle for travel-
 
 16 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 ing through the inland bush of Liberia. In the after- 
 noon on the way from the school taught be Alonzo 
 Turkle, to Kolojo, they were caught in a torrent of 
 rain and reached their destination at 5.30 P. M., 
 wet to the skin. At Kolojo they arranged the details 
 of the trip to the other stations in the interior and 
 to the territory of the proposed new stations nearer 
 the French border. 
 
 From the closing pages of his diary the following 
 notes are quoted: "Arrived at Kolojo, I had a warm 
 bath and changed my wet clothing. I had eaten only 
 cheese and bread for breakfast and lunch and was 
 hungry. I ate a big dinner of rice and salmon and 
 cofifee. We did not get away from Kolojo on Wed- 
 nesday owing to the tired condition of the porters. 
 Wednesday we spent in palaver with them about the 
 further journey. The chief of a nearby village came 
 in and brought some rice meal as a present, but 
 before handing over the meal he took a spoonful 
 and ate it to show that it was not poisoned. They 
 call it "Taking the witch off." Two short para- 
 graphs, recording personal observations, follow, and 
 the diary ends. 
 
 Brown and Buschman got to Sanoghie, a two and 
 one-half days' journey from Kolojo on foot, over 
 bush paths, but no farther. Buschman died of sun- 
 stroke on November 25th, and Brown of typhoid 
 fever with complications on December 5th. Dr. 
 Fuszek, of Monrovia, for whom the women mis- 
 sionaries at the station had sent, arrived too late to 
 give the sufferers medical attention. Those who 
 ministered to Dr. Brown in his last illness were Sis-
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 17 
 
 ter Ruth Robeson, who was stationed at Sanoghie, 
 Sister Jennie Larmonth, who hastened over from 
 Kpolopele, when word reached her by carrier from 
 Sister Ruth, Mrs. C. E. Buschman, who came up 
 from Kolojo and arrived at Sanoghie five days after 
 the death of her husband, and Miss Marie Martens, 
 who accompanied Mrs. Buschman. In the absence of 
 an ordained missionary the bodies were buried at 
 Sanoghie, Mr. Robert Stewart, a native helper, con- 
 ducting a short service. There they He, side by side, 
 in the land and among the people for whom they 
 gave their lives; but their souls go marching on, 
 leading those who will follow into the farther in- 
 terior, into the unreached territory of the Kpele and 
 allied tribes, into the villages of primitive negroes, 
 to whom the Gospel must still be preached. 
 
 Two days after his 47th birthday Charles L. 
 Brown passed from the Church militant to the 
 Church triumphant. Over his grave we would write 
 the words of the prophet Daniel : "They that turn 
 many to righteousness shall shine as the stars for- 
 ever and ever." 
 
 When the news of Dr. Brown's death reached 
 Baltimore by cablegram to the office of the Board of 
 Foreign Missions, it brought sorrow and mourning 
 to the hearts of all who received the sad intelligence. 
 His widow and sons bowed in patient submission to 
 the will of God, though the last letter of the departed 
 had led them to hope for his return soon after 
 Christmas. Charles Alfred, the eldest son, was bom 
 in Nagasaki, Robert Marshall and Richard Halley in 
 Kumamoto, Japan. As they gather in their family
 
 18 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 circle in the evening, they will remember how he 
 loved to spend his evening at home with them, read- 
 ing aloud to the family or joining with the children 
 in play. When they rise each morning, they will 
 recall how he always began the day's work with 
 family prayers. He never failed to remember the 
 birthdays of the members of his family and always 
 had some small token of love to give in remem- 
 brance of the day celebrated. In his home as else- 
 where he was a man of God, a disciple of Jesus 
 Christ. 
 
 The first public Memorial Service was held in 
 connection with the farewell service to Rev. and 
 Mrs. J. D. Curran on December 30, 192 1, in the 
 Church of the Epiphany, New York City, Rev. 
 M. L. Canup, Pastor. Rev. and Mrs. Curran were 
 on their way back to the mission field in Liberia, 
 where Dr. Brown had died. Rev. A. Steimle, D.D., 
 Chairman, introduced the speakers. Secretary Dr. 
 George Drach, representing the Board of Foreign 
 Missions, Secretary Dr. M. G. G. Scherer and Presi- 
 dent Dr. F. H. Knubel, representing the United 
 Lutheran Church, paid tribute to the departed Dr. 
 C. L. Brown and Rev. C. E. Buschman. 
 
 The Board of Foreign Missions of the United 
 Lutheran Church in America held two memorial 
 services in his memory, one on Sunday afternoon, 
 January 8, 1922, in the First Lutheran Church, Bal- 
 timore, of which the President of the Board, Rev. 
 Ezra K. Bell, D.D., is the pastor, and of which Dr. 
 Brown was a member, the other in the inner circle 
 of Board membership at the meeting of the Board
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 19 
 
 on January 26, 1922. Those who paid tribute to his 
 memory at the public service were the President and 
 Secretaries of the Board. Dr. Wm. H. Greever, Dr. 
 M. M. Kinard, Prof. Dr. H. E. Jacobs and mission- 
 aries Dr. C. K. Lippard and F. D. Smith. 
 
 An Estimate of His Character 
 A study of the Hfe of Charles L. Brown reveals 
 traits of Christian character, which are altogether 
 admirable and which are manifestly the products of 
 Christian faith and education. The record of his 
 life as a student, a missionary in Japan, and a Board 
 Secretary, is marked throughout by implicit trust in 
 God as revealed through Jesus Christ in His Word, 
 conscientious devotion to every recognized duty, 
 however irksome, cautious thinking and careful 
 preparation for the performance of every task, and 
 untiring fidelity to details. He had the ability to 
 think a problem through to a satisfactory conclu- 
 sion and then to state his case in a logical and con- 
 vincing manner. In his relations with other men 
 he was slow to anger, considerate of the other's 
 opinions, calm and deliberate in judgment, courteous 
 in speech and demeanor, tactful in giving advice, 
 patient under opposition or adversity, and unselfish 
 in his ambitions, never thrusting himself or his 
 opinion forward in an endeavor to gain prefennent 
 or distinction above his fellows. He met the obliga- 
 tions of his appointed task with an eye single to the 
 service of truth and duty, serving God rather than 
 man. He was untiring in his efiforts to complete 
 any task which he had decided to do. He never
 
 20 
 
 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 shirked or slackened effort, physical or mental, be- 
 cause his work involved difficulty or even danger. 
 He was not ashamed of his Christian convictions 
 and was always ready to state them to an inquirer 
 or to defend them against an adversary. His life 
 bears witness of the grace of God in Christ Jesus. 
 What the Sacred Record testifies concerning Barna- 
 bas, who with the Apostle Paul shares the distinction 
 of being the first foreign missionary of the Chris- 
 tian Church, may be unhesitatingly said of Charles 
 Lafayette Brown : "He was a good man and full of 
 the Holy Ghost and of faith."
 
 Tin- l-'i(.-Iu M'_ whul- JJr. (_". L. Jirown sewed as a .Missionary for Eighteen Years.
 
 MUHLENBERG MISSION FIELD, LIBERIA, AFRICA. 
 Tlie Field in which Dr. C. L. Brown Died.
 
 Tributes 
 
 To the Memory of 
 Rev. Dr. Charles L. Brown 
 
 IN MEMORIAM 
 
 Adopted by the Board of Foreic.n Missions at 
 Its Meeting on January 26, 1922 
 
 THE subject of this sketch was the son of Robert 
 H. Brown and his wife, Susan A. Brown. 
 His early education was received in the elementary 
 schools of the community. In youth he followed 
 the printer's trade, subsequently entering Roanoke 
 College and was graduated in 1895. He heeded the 
 call to the Gospel Ministry, entered Mt. Airy Theo- 
 logical Seminary and completed the course in 1898. 
 Impelled by a conviction of duty to engage in for- 
 eign missionary work he was called by the Board 
 of Foreign Missions of the United Synod in the 
 South to labor in Japan. He was ordained by the 
 Southwestern Virginia Synod in 1898, and on the 
 29th of September he was married to Miss Virginia 
 Frantz, of Salem, Va. After an extended visitation 
 of the churches in the territory of the United Synod, 
 he and his wife sailed for Japan arriving there to- 
 wards the end of the year, and at once began the 
 
 21
 
 22 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 study of the language preparatory to preaching the 
 Gospel to the people of the Sunrise Kingdom. With 
 zeal and consecration Dr. Brown devoted himself to 
 the work of a missionary in a strange land and 
 among strange people. For over seventeen years he 
 faithfully preached and taught and wrought for the 
 salvation of souls and the extension of the Kingdom 
 of His Lord and Master. 
 
 Upon the death of Rev. Robert C. Holland, D.D., 
 the beloved President of the Board of Foreign Mis- 
 sions of the United Synod of the South in Decem- 
 ber, 191 5, this Board called Dr. Brown to serve as 
 its General Secretary for the period of his furlough, 
 then due, with a view to permanency. He accepted 
 the call and, arriving in this country in May, 1916, 
 entered actively upon his duty in June. With untir- 
 ing energy he threw himself into the work, achiev- 
 ing remarkable results under the blessing of God, 
 until the formation of the United Lutheran Church 
 .in America and the creation and organization of its 
 Board of Foreign Missions, when he was elected one 
 of its three Secretaries. His valuable service in this 
 sphere is acknowledged by his secretarial colleagues, 
 by the Board of Foreign Missions and by the Church 
 at large. 
 
 At the request of the National Lutheran Council 
 Dr. Brown was granted leave of absence, tempor- 
 arily to permit his serving on a commission to in- 
 vestigate conditions of the Lutheran Missions in 
 Equatorial Africa. Sailing from New York, April 
 16, 1921, he arrived finally in Africa and applied 
 himself to the duty assigned with his usual fidelity
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 23 
 
 and enthusiasm, enduring the discomfort of climate 
 and the weariness of toil, forging his way on foot 
 in the interest of the mission stations, lying more 
 than three hundred miles in the interior, encourag- 
 ing the hearts and strengthening the faith of the 
 brethren and laying the foundation for the preser- 
 vation and future development of the Lutheran Mis- 
 sions in that part of the earth. 
 
 From East Africa Dr. Brown proceeded to India, 
 visiting the principal mission stations, thence to 
 Western Africa, visiting the Muhlenberg Mission, 
 Republic of Liberia. While on a tour into the in- 
 terior, with the view of locating new points of opera- 
 tion, he was stricken with typhoid fever. After a 
 brief period of suffering, by the will of God, he fell 
 asleep and entered into heavenly rest to awake amid 
 eternal glories. Surviving Dr. Brown are a wife 
 and three sons. Upon them has come sorrow, press- 
 ing with crushing force, but sharing the burden of 
 their sorrow are thousands of hearts in many regions 
 in the Americas, in Japan, in India and in Africa, 
 filled with loving sympathy, and going up to God 
 in prayer for His sustaining grace and fatherly 
 protection. 
 
 The limits of this tribute do not permit mention 
 of the outstanding achievements of Dr. Brown as 
 missionary, teacher, builder, author, investigator and 
 executive official, nor of the recognition by the 
 Church and its Colleges of his qualities of mind and 
 heart and life as witnessed by trusts imposed and 
 honors bestowed. Those must be reserved for place 
 in a more extended memorial.
 
 24 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Dr. Brown, who fell a martyr to his devotion to 
 the cause of foreign missions was a man of prepos- 
 sessing personality. His noble character manifested 
 itself in looks, words and deeds. His kindness of 
 heart and fine courtesy endeared him to all his 
 friends. His earnest faith, his clear view's of Scrip- 
 ture, his strong sense of duty, and his superb cour- 
 age combined to make him not only a good minister 
 of Jesus Christ, but also an ideal missionary. 
 
 It is, therefore, with profoundest sorrow that we 
 witness the calling of our friend and co-laborer; 
 but we bow in submission before the inscrutable will 
 of our Heavenly Father. His is the Kingdom, the 
 Power and the Glory. He is the Lord over all, and 
 He will continue to extend His Kingdom. Though 
 men may come to the work, though they fall in the 
 heat of the day. He will call others into their places 
 and He will not suffer His cause to fall. 
 
 To the tender mercies of our Heavenly Father 
 and the consolations of the Holy Spirit, we commend 
 the bereaved family of our friend, at the same time 
 assuring them of our sympathy with them in their 
 grief and of our continuing interest and readiness 
 to assist them in whatever ways circumstances may 
 allow. 
 
 Tribute by His Fellow Secretaries of the 
 Board of Foreign Missions 
 
 Our circle has been broken. We mourn the loss 
 of a brother beloved, a fellow worker in the great 
 Cause which w-e represent. 
 
 Charles L. Brown was a Christian worker, who
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 25 
 
 knew his task and gloried in it. His long residence 
 in Japan as a missionary gave him a clear and ample 
 view of the task to which our Lord has set His 
 Church. He never grew weary in its pursuit or its 
 presentation to others. He mastered its details with 
 most patient effort and thoroughness. Whatever he 
 undertook he did well. 
 
 We cannot speak too highly of him as our asso- 
 ciate. Coming into our circle as a comparative 
 stranger, he soon won his way to our hearts. We 
 learned to love him. He leaves a large place vacant 
 in our office, and a yet larger one in our hearts. 
 
 He approached every subject with singular open- 
 mindedness. He had the supreme gift and grace of 
 graciously yielding to others when they differed 
 from him. His mental processes revealed a rare 
 combination of sound judgment, Christian courtesy, 
 methodical reasoning, steady effort and sane con- 
 clusions. How we shall miss him in our councils ! 
 
 He never forgot that he belonged to Japan by 
 choice and service and yet he was anxious to see all 
 foreign fields w'ith that clear view and wide sym- 
 pathy which was to be expected from one who took 
 his life's plan from His Lord and tried to see all 
 men in all nations as those for whom Christ gave 
 His life. 
 
 He left us while in the performance of his ap- 
 pointed duty and responsibility, with his powers of 
 heart and mind unimpaired, vigorous and at their 
 highest point of efficiency. He was responsive to 
 every call to ser\-ice and never faltered when hard 
 work or even impending danger confronted him. His
 
 26 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 life's motto may be summoned up in the apostolic 
 declaration : "This one thing I do." 
 
 We shall greatly miss him at the office of the 
 Board of Foreign Missions and his absence means 
 a distinct loss to the great Cause to which he rend- 
 ered his full measure of devotion. 
 
 Luther B. Wolf. 
 George Drach. 
 
 Tribute by the Board of Home Missions and 
 Church Extension 
 
 The Board of Home Missions and Church Ex- 
 tension of the United Church embraces this, its first 
 opportunity, to convey to the Board of Foreign Mis- 
 sions its keen recognition of the loss that Board sus- 
 tained in the removal of Dr. C. L. Brown from the 
 Church on earth. 
 
 His discriminative judgment, his keen discern- 
 ment, his deep sympathy, his intelligent interest, his 
 fine sense of understanding, make us feel that a great 
 man has fallen. 
 
 Few men in our Lutheran Church knew the Japa- 
 nese people, their national distinctiveness, their men- 
 tal attitude, better than he. Few were capable of 
 advancing the cause of Christ in the Sunrise King- 
 dom more constructively, more permanently than he. 
 Few men could present the interests of the work 
 there to the people here more convincingly, more 
 helpfully, more successfully than he. He was a mis- 
 sionary statesman. 
 
 He loved Japan, but not only Japan. He carried 
 the Mission work everywhere, with its problems and
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 27 
 
 possibilities, on his hearl. lie began his work in 
 Japan, he finished it in Africa. 
 
 Whilst he was particular!)- identified with the 
 work of Christ's church as carried on in other lands, 
 yet he loved all the work of the Church. He had a 
 sympathetic interest for every phase of that work 
 as it is being conducted by and represented in the 
 various boards. He never pitted his cause against 
 another. His judgment was too sound, his love too 
 broad for that. He preferred to let each cause rest 
 on its own merits. He wanted all causes to flourish. 
 He was a true Churchman. 
 
 He has gone from us. His exodus at this parti- 
 cular moment is humanly inexplicable. We make no 
 attempt to fathom it. We aim not to interpret it. 
 It is the Lord's doings. We bow before Him in 
 full recognition that He doeth all things well. The 
 death of His saints is precious to Him. it comes 
 neither too soon nor yet too late. We ask not why, 
 we only pray that as He takes the laborers from 
 the field to rest, that He will thrust forth more 
 laborers to gather the ever ripening harvest. 
 
 He has gone. We remain. He is with Christ 
 and Christ is with us. He and we are one in Him. 
 
 "O blest communion, fellowship divine. 
 We feebly struggle, they in glory shine. 
 Yet all are one in Thee, for all are Thine." 
 
 Allclulia. 
 
 Trirute by the Women's Missionary Society 
 OF THE United Lutheran Church 
 
 During the whole course of his missionary activity
 
 28 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 the work of Dr. C. L. Brown was closely related to 
 that of the women of the Church, and it is fitting 
 that our Women's Board should pay this tribute to 
 his memory. 
 
 When a student at Roanoke College, a solo sung 
 by a young girl of the College Lutheran Church 
 crystallized in his mind the determination to devote 
 himself to the cause of missions, and when he was 
 sent to Japan by the Board of Missions of the former 
 United Synod of the South, this young woman ac- 
 companied him as his wife. 
 
 His work in Japan was especially successful 
 among young men, and his contact with the quick- 
 witted sons of Nippon challenged him to become a 
 real thinker and leader among them. 
 
 On his first furlough in America he asked for 
 $25,000 to begin a school for Japanese boys, but 
 the Board of Missions felt that this was too large 
 a task for the Southern Church and delayed action 
 on his recommendation. It was then that a woman 
 said, "There are 25,000 women in the United Synod 
 of the South and if each could give a dollar the 
 school could be built." While the completed school 
 cost more than twice the original estimate, the 
 $25,000 Fund projected by the Women's Missionary 
 Societies had a large share in the success of the 
 undertaking. 
 
 From the day of its opening the boys' school at 
 Kumamoto was overcrowded with students and 
 many had to be refused admittance. Dr. Brown 
 organized the school and directed it during the first 
 years of its existence. He was particularly happy in
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 29 
 
 his relations with the students and with the Japa- 
 nese members of his faculty. 
 
 From the year 1898, until the formation of the 
 United Lutheran Church, the women of the South- 
 western Virginia, the North Carolina, and the South 
 Carolina Societies united in the support of Dr. 
 Brown. Whenever he was home on furlough and 
 later in his official capacity as Foreign Mission Secre- 
 tary, he was never absent from the meetings of the 
 Women's Conventions. 
 
 Dr. Brown had an unusually firm grasp upon 
 reality, and his presentation of conditions on the 
 mission field was always clear, sane and untinged 
 by cant or sentimentality. He was never narrow or 
 local in his interests, and after the merger he en- 
 deavored to gain the same clear knowledge of the 
 problems of the other mission fields as he had of 
 Japan. He met his death in the pursuit of such 
 knowledge. 
 
 While we are sure that the right hand of Jehovah 
 changeth not, and that He still doth lead His Church, 
 as He did Israel of old. our hearts are sad at the 
 loss of this our friend and counselor; and we wish 
 herewith to express our sense of bereavement and 
 to pay tribute to his clear vision, his broad-minded 
 viewpoint and his single-hearted devotion to duty. 
 
 Mrs. W. F. More head. 
 
 Mrs. H. C. Michael, 
 Recording Secretary. 
 Mrs. J. G. Traver, President.
 
 30 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Resolutions of the Lutheran Foreign Missions 
 
 Conference 
 
 At its recent meeting in Atlantic City, the Luth- 
 eran Foreign Missions Conference passed the fol- 
 lowing resolution, which 1 have been requested to 
 forward to your Board : 
 
 "Whereas, the Rev. Dr. Charles L. Brown, 
 Secretary of the Board of Foreign Missions of 
 the United Lutheran Church, and special Com- 
 missioner to distressed fellow-believers in East 
 African Missions, has. in the prime of life and 
 in the midst of his self-sacrificing and blessed 
 work for the extension of the Kingdom, in the 
 infinite wisdom of God been called from the 
 Church militant into the Church triumphant, 
 
 Be it resolved by the Lutheran Foreign Mis- 
 sions Conference : 
 
 1. That we express our heartfelt thanks to God 
 for the life and work of this faithful witness to 
 the glory of God's name, and for the completion 
 of his special mission to East Africa. 
 
 2. That we convey our sincere sympathy to all 
 sorrowing relatives and friends as well as to the 
 Board of Foreign Missions of the United Luth- 
 eran Church, who mourn his death." 
 
 Lauritz Larsen, Secretary. 
 
 Tribute by the Educational Secretary of the 
 Missionary Education Movement 
 For those of us who are on the executive staff of
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 31 
 
 the Movement, I want to tell yoii how much we 
 had come to respect Dr. Brown even in the short 
 time that we had opportunity to cooperate with him 
 in the particular work that brought us into touch. 
 He always took his membership on our committees 
 seriously. He always seemed to make it a point to 
 call at our offices when he was in New York to 
 talk over our work with us. He was always sym- 
 pathetic and constructive in his suggestions and 
 criticisms of the policies and the proposals for liter- 
 ature of the Movement. It was certainly a great 
 shock to us to learn that he had succumbed to fever 
 while on his tour in Africa. It was indeed a case 
 of a soldier giving up his life in the discharge of 
 his duties. 
 
 We deeply sympathize with all of you who have 
 lost Dr. Brown's fine fellowship and comradeship 
 in the service of your Board. 
 
 Franklin D. Cogswell. 
 
 TRIBUTES FROM JAPAN 
 
 Resolutions by the Japan Mission 
 
 Whereas it has pleased Almighty God, in His in- 
 scrutable Providence, to call from earth our dear 
 Friend and Brother, the Rev. Chas. L. Brown, D.D., 
 
 We, the Members of the Japan Mission of the 
 United Lutheran Church in America, do hereby pass 
 the following resolutions : 
 
 I. That it is with inexpressible consternation and 
 grief that we have received the news of Dr. Brown's 
 death.
 
 32 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 2. That, as a fellow missionary, as a leader among 
 us for many years, and later as the Secretary for 
 the Japan Mission, as well as our warm personal 
 friend and companion, we shall not cease to mourn 
 his loss. 
 
 3. That we devoutly render thanks to God for 
 His Wisdom and Grace in sending to Japan in the 
 early days of our Mission's existence a man so 
 abundantly blessed with gifts of intellect and soul 
 as was our beloved Brother ; that we thank God for 
 the influence of his life and work here in Japan, and 
 especially for his successful labors in the establish- 
 ment of the Church in Japan, and in the founding 
 of our school in Kumamoto which stands as an im- 
 pressive monument to his ability and devotion. 
 
 4. That we see in his death the death of a martyr 
 for the Cause of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, losing 
 his life in others' behalf after the example of his 
 Lord. 
 
 5. That we herewith pledge ourselves anew to the 
 Cause for which he so unceasingly labored, and that 
 we strive to emulate his sterling virtues of discre- 
 tion, determination, and fidelity. 
 
 6. That we herewith send our condolences to the 
 Board of Foreign Missions of the United Lutheran 
 Church in America on the loss of our esteemed 
 Brother as Secretary for Japan, and at the same time 
 pray God that He would raise up a successor with 
 like sympathetic understanding of the Japan Field 
 and its needs, who may carry forward the work 
 that Dr. Brown had so ably begun. 
 
 7. That we offer to Mrs. Brown and her three
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 33 
 
 sons our heartfelt sympathy in their bereavement, 
 together with the assurance of our undying affection 
 and re\erence for Dr. Brown, whose death is to us 
 the loss of a Brother, and whose memory we shall 
 always hold in sacred veneration. 
 
 Signed for the Japan Mission. 
 
 J. P. NiELSON, President. 
 Edward T. Horn, Secretary. 
 Kumamoto, Kyushu. Japan. 
 
 December 29th, 1921. 
 
 An Appreciation by the Joint Executive Com- 
 mittee Representing the Evangelical 
 Lutheran Church in Japan 
 
 The death of Dr. Brown has filled us all with 
 sadness and consternation. When, in 1916, Dr. 
 Brown left Japan, we all thought that his absence 
 would be only for a year, and we confidently awaited 
 his speedy return. When later on it appeared doubt- 
 ful whether he would come back to us or remain 
 in America in the interests of the Japan work, with 
 one accord we petitioned the Board to send him 
 hack. When, however, finally it became evident 
 that he was needed in America in the capacity of 
 Secretary for the Japan Field, everyone of us here 
 cherished the hope that as Secretary he might 
 periodically visit Japan for the purpose of investi- 
 gation and supervision of the work. 
 
 One year had lengthened into more than five, and 
 still the same afl^'ection for him ke|)t us firm in the 
 hope that we should one day see him here again — 
 a hope now ne\er to be realized. The notice of his
 
 34 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 death in Africa has been received with deep mourn- 
 ing throughout our churches. 
 
 Dr. Brown possessed characteristics of mind and 
 soul which pre-eminently quahfied him for the work 
 of a missionary. He was discriminating and judi- 
 cious. Eagerness to learn and readiness to serve were 
 combined in him with signal ability to accomplish 
 definite results. He was by common consent a 
 leader among his missionary colleagues. And by his 
 Japanese brethren he was regarded as a brother and 
 companion, and admitted into their intimate counsels 
 and confidence. He never strove by force to impose 
 his will on others, but was in all things animated by 
 sound reasonableness. He never set himself up as 
 a master over his fellow-workers, but ever sought 
 to render the greatest service by co-operating where 
 they deemed he could be most useful. In frequently 
 perplexing situations, when misunderstandings were 
 difficult to avoid, he ever gave proof of true Chris- 
 tian humility and tact that is born of genuine con- 
 sideration for the rights and feelings of others. 
 
 The Lutheran Church in Japan deeply mourns his 
 loss. May the God Whom he and we together wor- 
 ship and serve bless and keep the loved ones who 
 survive him. May God abundantly prosper the work 
 which he so diligently sought to further while among 
 us. And may God raise up many to carry on the 
 great Cause for which he gave his all, even his life. 
 
 To Charles L. Brown, D.D., noble missionary of 
 the Cross, Christian gentleman, fellow-laborer in the 
 Lord's vineyard, discreet counsellor, true friend, 
 elder brother, and faithful steward and overseer of
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 35 
 
 the King's Business, this poor tribute is affection- 
 ately and respectfully dedicated. 
 
 KOKICHIRO TaKIMOTO 
 TSUNEKICKI YONEMURA 
 
 D. Honda 
 J. P. Nielsen 
 A. J. Stirewalt 
 Edward T. Horn 
 The Joint Executive Committee in Session at Osaka, 
 Japan, February 3rd, 1922. 
 
 Report of the Zaidan of Kyushu Gakuin^ 
 KuMAMOTO, Japan. 
 
 January 22, 1922. 
 
 The Board of Directors of Kyushu Gakuin, Ku- 
 mamoto, has learned with great sorrow of the death 
 of the Rev. C. L. Brown, D.D., founder and first 
 Dean of Kyushu Gakuin, and at the time of his 
 death Secretary of the Board of Foreign Missions 
 of the United Lutheran Church in America. 
 
 Its members desire to record their high appre- 
 ciation of his faithful and consecrated Christian 
 character, of the eminent services which he rendered 
 the Church as a consecrated missionary in Japan for 
 eighteen years, and especially of the influence he 
 exerted during his life here upon his fellow mission- 
 aries and the Japanese with whom he was asso- 
 ciated. We feel very seriously the loss of this faith- 
 ful soldier of the Cross, but thank our Heavenly 
 Father for his life and example, and pray that the 
 peace of God which passes all understanding may
 
 36 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 abide with the family in their bereavement. 
 
 The first Memorial Service was held the Sunday- 
 after we received the cable message, December i8th. 
 This was at the Suido Church at the evening service. 
 Some of the speakers were Ishimatsu San, who 
 gave the history of Dr. Brown's life and spoke in 
 high appreciation of him. Mr. Toyama spoke as 
 representing the school and Mr. Nielsen as repre- 
 senting the Mission. There were others too as repre- 
 senting the congregation and students. The attend- 
 ance of members and old friends was good and 
 every one voiced the high regard in which he was 
 held. 
 
 Our ]\Iemorial Service at the school was held the 
 following Wednesday, December 21st, at 1.30 P. M., 
 in the gymnasium building. The room was appro- 
 priately draped, with a photograph of Dr. Brown in 
 front of the speakers' stand, as the Japanese always 
 have on such an occasion. This was a photograph 
 Dr. Brown gave us before he returned to America, 
 the best that we could get at the time. 
 . The whole student body, teachers, most of the 
 foreigners of the city and a number of Dr. Brown's 
 old friends were present, making a total of over six 
 hundred. Mr. Murakami presided. Mr. Fujita 
 read the scripture lesson and Mr. Takase led in 
 prayer. Mr. Toyama then spoke in regard to Dr. 
 Brown, his life, work and especially his work in 
 connection with the founding of Kyushu Gakuin and 
 his associations with him. He spoke very highly of 
 him, and also very feelingly, and I know that he 
 has felt the loss very much. He emphasized the
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 37 
 
 great influence Kyushu Gakuin has had on the lives 
 of so many and spoke of this as being Dr. Brown's 
 greatest work for Japan. I tlien had the privilege 
 of speaking as the foreign representative of the 
 school, and among other things emphasized Dr. 
 Brown's high regard for duty and how this had led 
 him to give his life for japan and the work of 
 spreading the Gospel throughout the world. I tried 
 also to tell something of his work in connection with 
 the founding of Kvushu Gakuin. Mr. Nielsen then 
 spoke as representing the Seminary, speaking of 
 what Dr. Brown's w'ork had meant for our Theo- 
 logical Department. Rev. Ishimatsu spoke, repre- 
 senting the graduates of the Seminary and spoke of 
 Dr. Brown's wisdom in dealing with theological 
 students, his kindness and ability as a teacher. Mr. 
 Nishi, one of the first graduates of the Middle 
 School, spoke for the Middle School graduates, tell- 
 ing of the high regard in which Dr. Brown was held 
 by the Middle School students. Dr. Fukuda spoke 
 for the Christians of the city and had a very fine 
 talk. He spoke of how a life like Dr. Brown's re- 
 veals and interpi^ets Christ to those with whom he 
 came in contact. Rev. Kawase of the Methodist 
 Church spoke for the city Pastoral Association, and 
 spoke of Dr. Brown's ability as a preacher and 
 scholar. All seemed to voice the expression that a 
 truly great man had fallen, one who could not be 
 forgotten and that Kyushu Gakuin stands as a me- 
 morial to its founder and lirst Dean. 
 
 L. S. G. Miller, Dean 
 
 447286
 
 38 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Tribute from Tokyo — By one of His Pupils 
 
 AND Converts. 
 
 The latter part of the year 192 1 was very unfor- 
 tunate for Japan. On the one hand, there was the 
 assassination of Premier Hara (one of the greatest 
 statesmen in our history), when our country needed 
 his services more than ever before ; and, on the other 
 hand, we learned, to our great sorrow, of the death 
 of Dr. Charles L. Brown, our beloved teacher, and 
 a distinguished figure in the missionary field of our 
 Lutheran Church in Japan. 
 
 It was on November loth, 1921, that I received an 
 order from the Japanese Government to go to Lon- 
 don on duty. Taking this unusual opportunity, I 
 chose a route for London via the United States, be- 
 cause by so doing, I could realize my long-cherished 
 hope of visiting Dr. Brown— whom I had not seen 
 for more than a decade — at his own home at Balti- 
 more, Maryland. 
 
 This expectation tragically failed to realize, as 
 Dr. Brown had died suddenly in Liberia, Africa. On 
 the 19th of December, .1921, a farewell meeting was 
 given in my honor by the people of our Church in 
 Tokyo. This meeting, originally planned for me, 
 was unexpectedly turned into a council in which we 
 talked quietly but earnestly over the death of Dr. 
 Brown, and eventually decided that we should con- 
 vey to Mrs. Brown in America our deepest sym- 
 pathy and regret at her husband's death. How sad 
 it was that I, who had been longing to see him, had 
 to be the bearer of this message !
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 39 
 
 When I look back upon those school days in Ku- 
 mamoto, some nineteen years ago, I realize that it 
 was Dr. Brown's untiring and sincere leadership 
 which inspired and brought me so close to our Lord 
 Jesus Christ that I decided to become a Christian 
 and was baptized by him. Ever since then, I have 
 been one of His followers. 
 
 Dr. Brown possessed a wonderful personality 
 which we always admired. Through frequent asso- 
 ciation with him and his family, how often was my 
 faith in Him strengthened and did I receive a new 
 light upon the path of my spiritual life. My feeling 
 toward Dr. and IMrs. Brown has, therefore, been 
 so sincere and intimate that I have always looked 
 up to them as to my spiritual parents. There are 
 a good many other Japanese who have been closely 
 associated with him and his family, and their im- 
 pressions of him are equally as strong as mine. 
 
 Dr. Brown had, at the bottom of his heart, a great 
 sympathy and comprehensive understanding of 
 Japan, and stood firmly in the belief that he was 
 called to lead the Young Japan. The various works 
 rendered by him for Japan are invaluable ; for ex- 
 ample, he was once a teacher of English in the 
 Pligher School of Kumamoto (where I was one of 
 his students) ; at the time of the Labor Conference, 
 held in Washington, he tried his best to give every 
 possible assistance to our delegation. In an official 
 capacity, Dr. Brown held an important office in the 
 United Lutheran Church in America as a Secretary 
 of the Board of Foreign Missions. Last spring when 
 duty again called him upon a further work, he was
 
 40 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 commissioned to go to East Africa and British 
 India. He visited the Mission Fields throughout 
 the interior parts of these two tropical countries. 
 For nearly eight months he continued his journey, 
 fighting against the intense tropical heat until he be- 
 came a victim of fever and passed away in Liberia, 
 West Africa, on December 5th, 1921. 
 
 It is a supreme victory when one sacrifices his 
 life for his duty, upholding bravely to the last the 
 banner of our Lord. His death, like that of the 
 soldier who dies on the field of battle, deserves our 
 highest tribute. 
 
 On January 25th. 1922. I visited Mrs. Brown 
 and her sons at Baltimore to ofifer them condolence 
 from their old friends in Tokyo. When I first met 
 Mrs. Brown and grasped her hand, neither of us 
 could utter a single word for a while — her eyes 
 were full of tears and we exchanged our greetings 
 in silence. In writing this, I am. even now, too full 
 of those recollections to express what I wish. 
 
 In conclusion, it is my earnest prayer that the 
 seed sown in Japan by Dr. Brown's hand may grow 
 and bear fruit gloriously and be a source of spiritual 
 strength to the nation ; and that God may bless and 
 comfort the bereaved family. 
 
 Tatsumi Ezoye, 
 Lieut. -Commander, Imp. Japanese Navy. 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 January 25th, 192 1.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 41 
 
 TRIBUTE FROM INDIA 
 
 Minute of the Executive Committee of the Council 
 of the India Mission, Guntur, January 6th, 1922. 
 
 The Committee arose and remained standing 
 while Rev. Roy Strock read the following minute 
 on the death of Dr. C. L. Brown, prepared by Drs. 
 John Aberly and Victor McCauley. 
 
 The India Mission places on record its loss in the 
 death of the Rev. C. L. Brown, D.D.. at Sanoghie, 
 Africa, December 5th, 1921. 
 
 Though Dr. Brown was not directly connected 
 with the work in India, as one of the Secretaries of 
 the Board, yet as being in charge of transportation 
 and of the Lantern Slide Lectures, our missionaries 
 were helped by him. His obliging disposition and 
 uniform courtesy were noticeable to all, in all his 
 official relations with them. During his all too brief 
 visit to the Mission for about two weeks in Septem- 
 ber we were impressed with the thorough grasp he 
 had of mission problems. He visited hurriedly prac- 
 tically all of our stations, saw most sympathetically 
 all their needs, and his interest in the work led us to 
 hope that he could and would present our condition 
 and needs to the Board and the Home Church in 
 such a way as to create an increased interest in it. 
 His untimely end makes such personal presentation 
 impossible and this is a special loss to us and to our 
 work. Apart from the work, though some of us 
 knew him only for a short time, we all feel we lost 
 a friend and a brother when on December 5th, in 
 the dark continent of Africa he finished his course
 
 42 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 and departed to be with his Lord. 
 
 Resolved : That we record our sincere apprecia- 
 tion of the character and work of the Rev. C. L. 
 Brown, D.D., one of our Home Secretaries, and the 
 loss not only our Mission but the Mission work in 
 general has sustained in the death of our departed 
 brother. 
 
 Resolved: That we extend our sympathy to the 
 family of Dr. Brown as also to the Board, to our 
 fellow-workers in Africa and in Japan, and pray that 
 they may have the consolations of our Christian 
 hope in the bereavement that has befallen them. 
 
 Resolved: That in Dr. Brown's faithfulness unto 
 death we recognize a call that we, as also the Church 
 which he ser\'ed, increase our devotion to the cause 
 for which he gave his life so that the great sacrifice 
 he made on behalf of the Missions may result in 
 larger consecrations to the great task of bringing 
 the non-Christian world to a knowledge of Him Who 
 taught by word and deed that except a corn of wheat 
 fall into the ground and die it abideth alone, but if 
 it die it bringeth forth much fruit. 
 
 After the reading of the minute, Dr. Aberly led 
 in prayer. 
 
 Resolved : That this minute be accepted as the 
 expression of the Executive Committee, incorpor- 
 ated in its minutes and a copy sent to the bereaved 
 family.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 43 
 
 TRIBUTE FROM LIBERIA, AFRICA 
 
 Minute of the Muhlenberg Mission Conference, 
 January lo, 1922. 
 
 For many years the Muhlenberg Mission had 
 urged the Foreign Mission Board to send a repre- 
 sentative to its Africa Mission Field to inspect the 
 work and thus secure first-hand information of its 
 needs. 
 
 Early this year we were delighted to know that 
 Dr. C. L. Brown was to visit certain former German 
 Missions in East Africa, and would endeavor to 
 visit Liberia on his return. This plan was fulfilled, 
 and Dr. Brown reached Liberia early in November 
 to stay about six weeks. The desire of all was that 
 our Secretary should see all the stations, the large, 
 populous hinterland, and then talk over with the mis- 
 sionaries on the field some of our most perplexing 
 mission problems. 
 
 This schedule was being carried out, and our Con- 
 ference President with Dr. Brown had gone as far 
 interior as Sanoghie, when both men took sick, and, 
 despite every efi^ort to send medical aid, died and 
 were buried at that station. Rev. Buschman on No- 
 vember 25th, and Dr. Brown on December 5th. 
 
 These deaths occurring so suddenly, and so close 
 together, have shocked us almost beyond expression. 
 Like the Emmaus disciples on the evening of the 
 first Easter day, we trusted that these men should 
 work out plans which should mean the redemption 
 of many in Liberia, and the firmer planting of the
 
 44 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Church of Jesus Christ. God's hand, however, 
 seems to indicate that the time for the fulfillment 
 of our hopes is not yet ripe. It seems to us now 
 as if to the list of heroes recorded in Hebrews ii, 
 and that longer list who have followed in their train, 
 must be added the names of Rev. C. E. Buschman 
 and Dr. C. L. Brown ''who having obtained a good 
 report through faith received not the promise, God 
 having provided some better thing for us. that they 
 without us should not be made perfect." 
 
 Dr. Brown was an active worker in Foreign Mis- 
 sions for many years. He served as Missionary in 
 Japan for eighteen years, and in 1916 returned to 
 the United States to be the Secretary of the Foreign 
 Board of the United Synod in the South. The union 
 of the three Lutheran bodies in 1918 resulted in 
 making Dr. Brown one of the three secretaries of 
 the United Foreign Board. His willingness to 
 serve, his active interest in missionaries' comfort 
 and welfare, his tireless fidelity in acting as pur- 
 chasing agent for this Mission, and his love and 
 sympathy in our work and problems, as shown dur- 
 ing his month with us on the field, revealed to us 
 the large heart of the man, and the true missionary 
 spirit which inspired him. 
 
 The home-going of these two men was fittingly 
 expressed by a Liberian woman, Mrs. Alex Harris, 
 in a parable : "\\'hen a woman goes through her 
 garden, she plucks the fairest flowers for her bou- 
 quet; so God has gathered the most beautiful souls 
 to bloom in the Father's house." 
 
 As a mark of love and esteem for our faithful
 
 CHRISTTANS IN FRONT OF KUMAMOTO CHURCH. JAPAN. 
 Dr. C. T,. Brown stands on the extreme right. Mrs. Brown is sitting near the center, 
 
 bottom row.
 
 -*< 
 
 :4)w\-^ 
 
 l^. 'i^' ^ %-^% 
 
 
 
 
 KYUSHU GAKUIN GRADUATING CLASS. 
 
 March, 1921. 
 This is the School at Kiimamnto, Japan, which Dr. C. L. Brown Established.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 45 
 
 Secretary, Dr. Brown, the Conference closed its final 
 session with a session of silent prayer, followed by 
 two audible {jrayers by Sister Jennie Larmouth and 
 Rev. Jens Larsen. 
 
 Traub. 
 The Special Committee: Brosius. 
 
 Robeson. 
 
 EDITORIAL TRIBUTES 
 
 Announcement of the death, in Liberia, West 
 Africa, of our very efficient Foreign Mission Board 
 Secretary. Dr. C. L. Brown, comes as a severe shock 
 to the Church. So sad and unexpected is the news 
 that details as to the manner of his sudden demise 
 are quite overshadowed in importance by the solemn 
 and unwelcome fact itself. Surely God has once 
 more put our faith to a severe test by removing one 
 of the pillars of our Foreign IVIission work at a time 
 when he had reached his highest usefulness, and was 
 commissioned by the Church to fulfill a most im- 
 portant task in connection Avith the Missions in for- 
 mer German Colonies in East Africa. 
 
 The Lutheran. 
 
 While on the path of duty, before his work in 
 Africa was finished, God called Dr. C. L. Brown to 
 his eternal home. He was a faithful servant of the 
 Lord Jesus Christ in his life-long endeavor to help 
 in carrying out the great commission to preach the 
 Gospel to those who have not yet heard it. Our 
 friend, our brother, our fellow-laborer in the Lord, 
 commissioned in his voung manhood for service as
 
 46 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 a Missionary in Japan, gave his life for the Chris- 
 tianization of Africa. Two days after his forty- 
 seventh birthday, his earthly journey ended. Dur- 
 ing the two and one-half years of his service in the 
 office of the Board of Foreign Missions of the 
 United Lutheran Church, as Secretary for Japan, 
 Africa, South America, Mission Study, Transpor- 
 tation and Stereopticon Department, he demon- 
 strated his ability as a wise, careful and faithful 
 administrator of the executive departments assigned 
 to him. 
 
 The Foreign Missionary. 
 
 From Liberia comes the extremely sad news by 
 cable that Dr. C. L. Brown died on the fifth of 
 December. 
 
 What a shock, and what a loss! When the mes- 
 sage was read to one of the leaders in the Church 
 his sorrowful comment was, "Inscrutable Provi- 
 dence." Such it was. Nothing but faith can ac- 
 cept it with loyal submissiveness. 
 
 It was our privilege to know Dr. Brown with the 
 intimacy of a brother in the flesh, as well as a 
 brother in the faith, during a period of nearly 
 thirty years — dating back to college days. We have 
 shared his joys and his sorrows, none of which 
 have been separate or distinct from the great work 
 to which he consecrated his life without reservation. 
 Many times have we heard him deliver his Gospel 
 messages, always with a clearness of thought, a 
 purity of diction and a spirit of earnestness and 
 sincerity which made them irresistible, but the text
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 47 
 
 •of one of these sermons was so impressed upon us 
 by the sermon delivered upon his return for a fur- 
 lough from Japan, that it has always been associated 
 with this great servant of Christ: I John 5:4: 
 "This is the victory that overcometh the world, even 
 our faith." Not only was that faith characteristic 
 of and effective in the life of our beloved brother, 
 but it is now our source of comfort in the keen and 
 trying bereavement which the news of his death 
 inflicts. 
 
 It is a sad fact that there are few men in the 
 world, and few even in our Church, that can be 
 compared to Dr. C. L. Brown. He was a man of 
 unusual intellectual endowments, and, even though 
 his life was filled beyond reasonable measure with 
 practical duties, he developed a non-technical scholar- 
 ship that was great in depth because it comprehended 
 the fundamental facts and principles of life and 
 evalued them in the light of a clear apprehension of 
 revealed truth. As truly as it can be said of any 
 man, he was a man of blameless character. He was 
 a very human man, and made mistakes like many 
 other good men, but no one who knew him ever 
 doubted his sincerity, his conscientiousness and his 
 steadfast loyalty to right principles and the highest 
 ideals. He was not only a good man, but he was 
 a godly man. His religion was genuine. He feared, 
 loved and trusted in God above all things, and He 
 lived in communion with God. He could truthfully 
 say, "I delight to do Thy will, O my God." He lived 
 for nothing else. He was an extremely modest man, 
 and supremely unselfish. He sought no honors, he
 
 48 BROWN MEAIORIAL 
 
 was never self-assertive, and never raised issues 
 where self consideration was the chief factor. He 
 despised the very appearance of selfish ambition, 
 and sought the position of humble but faithful ser- 
 vice. If we can say it of any man in a large circle 
 of acquaintances, we can say of Dr. Brown that he 
 was one who "left all and followed Him." 
 
 And the loss to the Church through, what seems 
 to men, the untimely death of Dr. Brown? No 
 thought can estimate it, no words can express it. 
 He has passed in the very prime of life, not yet 
 fifty years old, just when his knowledge, judgment, 
 and personality are most needed. "Inscrutable provi- 
 dence !" But he did not go down in defeat. He 
 is a triumphant hero. He leaves achievements be- 
 hind him, especially in Japan, which would be great 
 for a great life of double the length of his. God 
 honored him, God blessed him, and God has crowned 
 him. In faith we accept this providence of an all- 
 wise Father, and pray that He will send forth more 
 laborers, like this one, into the fields of the world 
 so white unto the harvest. 
 
 To say more would be but to reveal the more 
 personal grief of a bereft heart. "Blessed are the 
 dead which die in the Lord from henceforth ; Yea. 
 saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors ; 
 and their works do follow them." 
 Dr. W. H.Greever in The American Lutheran Survey.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 49 
 
 PERSONAL TRIBUTES 
 
 Extracts from letters sent to the President and 
 Secretaries of the Board and to Airs. Brown after 
 the atinouncement of the death of Dr. Brozvn. 
 
 The telegram you sent me, overwhelmed me with 
 sadness. My heart has lingered upon the news it 
 communicated again and again. Naturally my 
 thoughts go out towards Mrs. Brown and after that 
 towards your Board. Furthermore, I recognize that 
 a distinct loss has come for the Church as a whole. 
 
 F. H. Knubel, 
 President of the United Lutheran Church 
 in America. 
 437 Fifth Avenue, New York. 
 
 There are few men among my many former for- 
 mer pupils for whom I have had higher regard or 
 greater affection than Dr. C. L. Brown. In making 
 the decision to consecrate his life to the work in 
 Japan, he gave me his full confidence, and I appre- 
 ciated the struggle which it cost. I watched with great 
 interest his growth under the responsibilities of the 
 japan work, and admired the statesmanlike ability 
 with which he mastered the situation, and repre- 
 sented the cause. I have never heard a nobler mis- 
 sionary address than the one which he made before 
 the United Lutheran Synod in the South at Dallas, 
 N. C.
 
 50 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 His memory will live, as that of one of our most 
 efficient missionaries, and earnest and devoted 
 Christian men. 
 
 Henry E. Jacobs. 
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, 
 Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Just twenty- four years ago. at a similar service, 
 held in St. Michael's Church, Germantown, Phila- 
 delphia, there stood in a class somewhat larger than 
 this a modest, humble candidate for graduation, who 
 had recently passed through a severe spiritual 
 struggle, because an unexpected call had come to 
 him from the foreign field. It was not so much 
 reluctance to separate from home and country, as 
 the overwhelming sense of his own insufficiency, that 
 caused him for awhile to hesitate. But so urgent 
 was the appeal, that he felt that to decline it would 
 be almost equivalent to turning away from his call- 
 ing as a Christian and a prospective minister. For 
 the servant of Christ must go wherever he is sent. 
 A man who sings with heart and soul the stanza, 
 heard so often on these grounds in our daily wor- 
 ship: 
 
 "The hardest toil to undertake 
 With joy at Thy command; 
 The meanest office to receive 
 With meekness at Thy feet." 
 
 cannot lightly dismiss the opportunity for such toil,
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 51 
 
 and the call to such labor, when the I-ord hears his 
 prayer and accepts his offer. 
 
 Passing over his many years of efficient labor in 
 laying the foundation for a great work in Japan, 
 and in awakening interest for it in America, he had 
 scarcely reached the prime of life and the maturity 
 of his power, when, last December, as he was re- 
 turning from a general inspection of various fields 
 of our mission work, he retraced his steps to dis- 
 charge an important duty amidst the heat and malaria 
 of tropical Liberia. Though bringing with him most 
 important information that he had gathered, but had 
 not committed to writing, any one who knew him 
 could have foretold that his receipt of instructions 
 would be followed by instant obedience. He turned 
 back to fall a martyr to the cause he loved more 
 than life itself, and, while his body rests in Africa, 
 he has left a name, not only to be ever remembered 
 in the College, where he sat at the feet of the vener- 
 able teacher. Dr. Fox, who has addressed you today, 
 but also to be ever associated with this Seminary, 
 as an inspiration and an example, to the generations 
 of students who follow him on this favored spot, 
 of quiet, thoughtful, determined, inflexible, prayer- 
 ful, far-seeing devotion to a great trust. But far 
 more than this. The results of those few weeks of 
 struggle cannot be computed, until the harvest of 
 God's elect in Japan and Africa have been fully 
 gathered in. 
 
 [Dr. Henry E. Jacobs, President of the Lutheran 
 Theological Seminary, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, in his 
 address to the Graduating Class of 1922].
 
 52 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Dr. Brown's sacrifice has not been in vain, for 
 Dr. C. M. Jacobs tells me that he had sent in a mag- 
 nificent report to the National Lutheran Council, 
 which will he of far-reaching importance in shaping 
 the destinies of the Lutheran Missions in the Tan- 
 ganyika Territory. So we have over in that inexor- 
 able Africa, the grave of another hero, who gave 
 his life for the advancement of Christ's Kingdom. 
 
 Personally, I shall miss Dr. Brown exceedingly, 
 for his genial disposition and his lovable character 
 endeared him to everyone who came in contact with 
 him, and I have known him for many years. 
 
 C. Theodore Benze. 
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, 
 Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 I cannot tell you how much I loved Dr. Brown 
 and how deeply I feel his departure. He was strong 
 and gentle and wise — just the kind of man to draw 
 others and to fill a great need among Christian 
 workers. He did his duty, underwent self-denial 
 for Christ's sake and has gone home ! Let us not 
 murmur, but patiently wait, and in the meantime 
 lean upon the Everlasting Arms. 
 
 J. A. SiNGMASTER. 
 
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, 
 Gettysburg, Pa. 
 
 I grieve also for our Church and for the whole 
 Church of Christ, which suffers loss tin-ough the
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 53 
 
 death of C. L. Brown, a genuine Christian, a Chris- 
 tian gentleman, and a most devoted, faithful and 
 fruitful servant of his Lord, indeed, I envy him 
 his heroic death and his high heavenly reward. In 
 your own great loss just think how greatly he has 
 gained. Rejoice for him. That is what I am trying 
 to do. 
 
 John W. IIorine. 
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, 
 Columbia, S. C. 
 
 The news of the death of our beloved Dr. Brown 
 in Liberia on the 5th instant has come to us as a 
 great and severe blow. 
 
 I am sure that all agree that your beloved husband 
 was one of God's special noble men, who was will- 
 ing to spend and be spent in the service of our 
 Master for the upbuilding of His Kingdom. His 
 early death is a great blow to our Church and its 
 missionary work, because of Dr. Brown's winning 
 personality, whole-hearted intelligent interest, and 
 self-sacrificing and loyal service for this cause. We 
 cannot understand God's ways in permitting his 
 being called away at this time. We can only bow 
 in submission to His will and pray for consolation 
 and strength and also hope that God may raise up 
 others to carry on the great work in the same spirit. 
 
 Laukitz L.\rsen, 
 President, National Lutheran Council. 
 437 Fifth Avenue, 
 New York City.
 
 54 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 This news has shocked us very much indeed. 
 \\'ith Mr. Oldham we have shared the appreciation 
 of the splendid work which Dr. Brown was doing 
 in British East Africa, opening the way for the 
 American Lutheran Churches to take over the mis- 
 sionary work formerly carried on in that part of 
 Africa by the German missions. He seemed speci- 
 ally qualified for the responsible work entrusted to 
 him by your Council. His loss at this time seems 
 to us to be one that is exceedingly great. More than 
 this we cannot say. The work will go on, even 
 though the workers fall by the wayside. We know 
 that the Lord of the vineyard has his plans and in 
 His wisdom and power will surely accomplish them. 
 
 In faith, though with heavy hearts, we must go 
 forward, assured of victory. 
 
 A. L. Warnshuis, 
 Secretary of the International Missionary 
 Council. 
 London, England. 
 
 Our loss, as we count loss, is great. Perhaps no 
 other member of the Board is in position to realize 
 as I do what his death means to the cause of foreign 
 missions. I have known him since he first went to 
 Japan. As a member of the Board of the United 
 Synod South, for about twelve years previous to 
 the merger, I was in position to know of his ability 
 and worth. But it was during the years following 
 the death of Doctor Holland that I came into close 
 personal contact and fellowship with him. Together
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 55 
 
 we planned, worried over perplexing problems, 
 yearned over the appalling needs of Japan, agonized 
 in faith and hope and prayer, and jointly gave the 
 best that was in us for the furtherance of the cause. 
 And since the merger, what a tower of strength was 
 he ! We of the Japan Mission Committee felt secure 
 with his splendid judgment and unquestioned devo- 
 tion as a refuge. I feel a keen sense of personal be- 
 reavement. And my heart goes out in deepest 
 sympathy with the grief-stricken wife and children. 
 Before this inscrutable mystery my mind is lost 
 in wonder and bewilderment, and my heart is dumb 
 within me. I dare not murmur or question the 
 strange workings of God's permissive providence. 
 He calls His faithful workers home to give them 
 the reward promised by their Lord and Master, but 
 He will carry on the work by others, though accord- 
 ing to man's estimation less able and less fatted than 
 the hero whose mortality sleeps in the soil of Africa. 
 May God sustain with His abundant grace and 
 blessing the sorrowing family ! May He call a 
 workman through whom to carry on the work, 
 which to us seems to have received so lamentable a 
 blow, to a consummation which shall redound to His 
 praise and honor and glory ! 
 
 M. J. Epting. 
 Savannah, Ga. 
 
 The loss to the Church and especially to the de- 
 partment of Foreign Missions is beyond our ability 
 to compute. But he died in the cause so dear to his
 
 56 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 heart and I believe God in His wisdom will make 
 this sad event and great loss just now, the divine 
 seed of a great harshest in the foreign field in the 
 years ahead of us. 
 
 M. M. KiNARD. 
 
 Winston-Salem, N, C. 
 
 With a sorrowful heart I acknowledge the re- 
 ceipt of your letter announcing the death of our 
 beloved Dr. Brown, My heart bleeds. 
 
 R. C. G. BlELINSKI. 
 
 Delanco, N. J 
 
 The letter with the shocking news of Dr. Brown's 
 death in Africa was received yesterday. I cannot 
 tell you how I feel about it. You know better your- 
 self than I can express it. It is an incalculable loss. 
 We must trust in God. He will show the way. How 
 deep the grief must be to Mrs. Brown ! May God 
 be gracious and merciful to her! 
 
 George A. Greiss. 
 Allentown, Pa. 
 
 Just received your letter telling of Dr. Brown's 
 death. We are indeed very sorry to hear of his 
 untimely death. He was one of the men whom we 
 had learned to love and had great confidence in. We 
 feel that the foreign mission has lost one of its 
 best men.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 57 
 
 May God supply the man who will faithfully and 
 ably fill the place he has left vacant ! 
 
 V. W. BONDO. 
 
 Racine, Wis. 
 
 I have known Dr. Brown for many years, in fact, 
 I knew him before he first went to Japan. Truly a 
 good man has fallen and he will not only be missed 
 in the home and in our Board meetings, but through- 
 out the Church. 
 
 H. L. BONHAM. 
 
 Chilhowie, Va. 
 
 It was a great shock to me to have your letter 
 of December loth informing me of the sudden 
 death of Dr. Charles L. Brown. I was under the 
 impression that Dr. Brown was on his return to 
 the United States. 
 
 When Dr. Simon and I returned from our last 
 Board meeting in Baltimore we were talking of 
 having Dr. Brown come to Hagerstown as soon as 
 he returned to make an address to the United Luth- 
 eran Churches of Hagerstown. I can assure you 
 that it is a grief to the Board and the entire Church 
 to hear of the death of such a great and good man 
 as Dr. Brown. 
 
 M. P. MOLLER. 
 
 Hagerstown, Md.
 
 58 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Our hearts are saddened by the news of Dr. 
 Brown's death in Africa. 
 
 Our tender sympathy attends dear Mrs. Brown 
 in her bereavement. 
 
 The loss to our Foreign Mission work, especially 
 as relating to the Japan Mission, will mean much 
 to our Board. 
 
 Helen C. Beegle, 
 Executive Secretary, Women's Mis- 
 sionary Society. 
 Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 In the most unexpected death of Dr. C. L. Brown 
 in Africa our Japan Lutheran Mission lost its 
 greatest leader and the Japanese Lutherans one of 
 their truest friends. Our admiration and love for 
 Dr. Brown was very great and deep. To us he 
 was an ideal missionary of the Cross. He was 
 quite skillful in the Japanese language. He spoke 
 and wrote well, better than the ordinary mission- 
 aries. He understood Japan and sympathized with 
 her national problems. In dealing with us indi- 
 vidually, no one was more sympathetic and tactful 
 than he. He always made us feel that he was our 
 truest friend, in whom we could put all our confi- 
 dence. But one thing, above all, which made the 
 deepest impression upon our minds and hearts, was 
 his loyalty to Christ. He believed in the saving 
 power of the Gospel. He lived and worked con- 
 stantly in that faith. In our personal contacts with 
 him we always felt the spirit and love of Christ.
 
 TRIBUTES AND MINUTES 
 
 59 
 
 As his religion was genuine, his character was noble. 
 The north star of his whole missionary career was 
 to be faithful to Christ. And as a soldier of the 
 Cross, he was obedient even unto death. Such a 
 noble missionary, our dear Dr. Brown was. But, 
 alas, he is no longer with us. Our sorrow over this 
 great loss is still keen, and will be felt for many 
 years to come. His name will remain forever with 
 us and will be a source of inspiration. And we, 
 young men of Japan, shall dedicate our lives anew 
 to the great cause of the Cross, for which our Dr. 
 Brown so nobly lived and died. 
 
 Hajime Inadomi.
 
 Quotations from Letters Written by 
 
 Dr. Brown to His Wife Describing 
 
 His Last Journey 
 
 Arranged by Ezra K. Bell 
 
 P. & O. S. N. Co., 
 
 S. S. "Donegal." 
 May 19, 1921. 
 
 As yet we have suffered nothing from the heat. 
 The weather has been almost ideal during this whole 
 journey. Even while in London we were lucky not 
 to have rain. Of course we will run into heat now 
 very soon, because we are drawing nearer the 
 equator. 
 
 We are just now opposite Mt. Sinai as I write. 
 
 There is a little piece of verse which I now set 
 down for your enjoyment. It is perhaps the last 
 verse I'll send along, for I shall not likely get hold 
 of another book of poems, and I'm certainly not 
 going into the verse business myself. Don't you 
 think this little bit mighty nice and true? 
 
 HOME AND LOVE 
 
 Just Home and Love ! the words are small, 
 Four little letters unto each ; 
 And yet you will not find in all 
 
 60
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 61 
 
 The wide and glorious range of speech 
 Two more so tenderly complete; 
 When angels talk in Heaven above, 
 I'm sure they have no words more sweet 
 Than Home and Love. 
 
 Just Homo and Love! it's hard to guess 
 Which of the two were best to gain. 
 Home without Love is bitterness; 
 Love without Home is often patn. 
 
 No! each alone will seldom do; 
 Somehow they travel hand in glove; 
 If you win one you must have two. 
 Both Home and Love. 
 
 And if you've both, well, then I'm sure 
 You ought to sing the whole day long; 
 It doesn't matter if you're poor 
 With these to make divine your song. 
 And so I praise fully repeat. 
 When angels talk in Heaven above. 
 There are no words more simply sweet 
 Than Home and Love. 
 
 Dar-es-Salaam. 
 
 June 19th. 
 
 I am sitting out here on a broad verandah look- 
 incf out to sea. The low coast line of Africa lies to 
 my left. Beyond are millions of blacks, without 
 God, the burden bearers for many races. Poor 
 fellows! There is but one power that has ever 
 done much for them and there is but one power 
 than can do much for them, and that power is the 
 Gospel. I hope that the American Lutheran Church 
 will do something big to reclaim the work that was 
 so hopeful prior to the war.
 
 62 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Dar-es-Salaam. 
 
 June 21, 1921. 
 
 I am now awaiting a reply to my note to the 
 Governor. I asked for an interview and hope he 
 will give it without delay. I plan to go up into the 
 interior a couple of hundred miles to investigate the 
 condition of the Mission Stations. Up where I am 
 going is the finest country in this whole territory. 
 It is near the Kilimancharo Mountain which is 
 some 19,000 feet high; 7,000 feet higher than Mt. 
 Fugi. Up there it is cooler than down here and 
 freer from mosquitoes, I think. I will have to put 
 on heavier clothes there and sleep under blankets. 
 Just when we shall get away from here I cannot yet 
 say, as I do not know when the Governor will grant 
 an interview or just what will take place at the in- 
 terview. I am very anxious to get up into the in- 
 terior and find out just what the conditions are. 
 Boats out here are irregular. Business is slack, 
 which makes it hard to keep up a frequent schedule 
 of shipping. Even trains do not run but once a 
 week. Once each week the train carries passengers 
 and mail, once each week freight, once each week 
 water, and then once each week is a mixed train for 
 freight and third class passengers. 
 
 Dar-es-Salaam is a rather pretty town. It was 
 the seat of Government under the Germans and 
 also is now under the British. It has a very pretty 
 sea coast and a nice little harbor. The cocoanut palm 
 groves and almond and locust trees make a pretty 
 scene. The Germans had built some nice homes in 
 the palm groves facing the sea. The German ship,
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 63 
 
 "Koenig," that did so much damage out here dur- 
 ing the war and was afterward sunk in the entrance 
 to the harbor, was recently raised from the bottom 
 and Hes on the beach nearby. 
 
 Moshi, Tanga. 
 
 June 28, 1 92 1. 
 
 Here I am at the base from which I am to tour 
 the mission stations. Our train arrived yesterday 
 afternoon and I at once mailed to you a letter which 
 I had written on the train. We came up to this 
 little inn called "The Africa" and are waiting here 
 for Mr. Eisenschmidt to come and arrange for the 
 itinerary. Mr. Eisenschmidt is a Russian who was 
 left here when the German missionaries were sent 
 away. "The Africa" is a little one-story house with 
 a tin roof. 
 
 We are at the foot of the great African moun- 
 tain Kilimancharo, which towers 19,300 feet with 
 perpetual snow around the higher reaches. Imagine 
 me now in a place like Karuizawa with Asama close 
 by, only twice or three times the size of the real 
 Asama: or at Gotemba near Mt. Fuji, with a moun- 
 tain nearly twice the size of the real Mt. Fuji. The 
 air is cool and delightful and I'm feeling O. K. 
 
 Masama, near Moshi, 
 
 June 30, 1921. 
 I left Moshi on Wednesday morning about 11 
 o'clock and came through the country to the mission 
 home here at Masama. This was my first introduc- 
 tion to the real African trail. Put on my kakhi
 
 64 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 shirt, short breeches, spiral puttees and big tramp- 
 ing shoes, and walked 20 miles. From now it is 
 tramp, tramp, tramp. No railroads nor steamships. 
 Right through the bush, most of the time by a nar- 
 row path. 
 
 The mission home is very modest and somewhat 
 damaged by white ants. The ants in this country 
 are amazing. The white ant is a terror. It piles 
 up great mounds of earth everywhere, eats up any 
 wood near the ground making it necessary to build 
 of mud, brick, or stone, with cement floors ; and 
 then it will attack your cement floors and bore 
 through your brick walls and punch holes in them, 
 or undermine your stone walls by boring under. 
 My companion slept on the ground floor night before 
 last and carelessly left his suit-case on the floor. 
 It happened that the white ants had bored through 
 the cement floor in that room, so they went for 
 his suit-case and punched holes in it. 
 
 While on the way Wednesday we crossed the line 
 of march of an army of army-ants. They are a 
 big, reddish-black ant that get out of the way of 
 neither man or beast. Pitch your tent in their line 
 of march and you'll have to move. Elephants are 
 said to keep out of their way. 
 
 On Wednesday and also today we crossed a line 
 of the big black ants that destroy the white ants. 
 They take the white ant by surprise if possible, for 
 if the white ants find the enemy is coming they rush 
 forward their soldiers and block the attack. 
 
 We also crossed the line of march of another 
 big ant, different from the three kinds mentioned
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 65 
 
 above. The soldiers of this army on the march 
 hook their tweezers and form a perfect network 
 bridge for protection to the workers who pass be- 
 neath the bridge. 
 
 So mucli for ants. Now about people. 
 
 We had six porters with us on Wednesday and 
 two of the dearest little donkeys. I didn't ride 
 the "donks," but wished Richard could have been 
 along for a trot. They belong to Missionary Eisen- 
 schmidt. They must have some zebra blood in 
 them for there are a few stripes. The porters car- 
 ried our baggage. These Africans beat anything 
 I've seen for carrying things on the head. You know 
 that big suitcase of mine; one fellow carried that 
 filled full, on his head, the whole twenty miles. 
 They can take my steamer trunk and carry it any- 
 where on their heads. 
 
 Before we left Moshi on Wednesday the Chris- 
 tians about five miles away sent a deputation to 
 carry our heavy baggage to the mission home there 
 and leave it till our return. This station, called Old 
 Moshi, is the strongest and has some i,6oo Chris- 
 tians. Well, this deputation from the congregation 
 appeared on Wednesday morning and took our 
 heavy baggage on the top of their heads and 
 marched off five miles in the hills, while we started 
 out for our 20 miles in some other hills. The depu- 
 tation also brought a letter of welcome from the 
 congregation. 
 
 Upon arrival at Masama about six in the evening 
 we found the congregation of 150 or 2CX) drawn up 
 in line and singing, "Now Thank We All Our God."
 
 66 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 After which were a few words of welcome. 
 During the journey on Wednesday we constantly 
 passed natives with their spears, going somewhere 
 or another. The tribe among whom we are now 
 is the Wachaga tribe. They are a good tribe, and 
 not so inclined to be naughty as the Masai. 
 
 July I, 1921. 
 
 Went to visit one of the mission schools this 
 morning. About 45 minutes' walk from the mis- 
 sion home. I found forty girls in attendance. The 
 boys came today. Boys and girls attend on alter- 
 nate days. Of course the work is very primary. The 
 children are taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and 
 a language called Kiswahili. The children are from 
 8 or 10 years to 14 or 16 years. Compared to Japan 
 the work is very primitive. Outside the school- 
 house are great piles of stone which the natives 
 have carried for the purpose of building a chapel. 
 They have carried the stone over a mile on their 
 heads. And all this they are doing without help 
 from the Mission. 
 
 On the way to the school house we passed a 
 sacred spring from which once upon a time, it is 
 said, an elephant and a woman sprang. These be- 
 came the progenitors of the Wachaga tribe. The 
 chief comes here every year and holds a festival 
 with the people. No one is allowed to cut down 
 any of the trees about the spring. 
 
 You ought to see the pretty flowers at the mission 
 home here. This country can be made most beau- 
 tiful. Roses in abundance, oleander, oranges,
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 67 
 
 peaches, apples, lemons, bananas, coffee. It is a 
 wonderful country in here for any one who is will- 
 ing to be cut off from European associations. The 
 nearest doctor is 20 miles, and the nearest dentist 
 about 200 miles. 
 
 July 4th. 
 
 Tomorrow we go back to Moshi, where there is 
 a congregation of 1,600 people. Using Moshi as 
 headquarters for a time, we will visit stations in that 
 section of our territory. After that we will go to 
 the other side of the territory and work back to 
 where we now are. It will take about six weeks 
 to get round among the stations and 300 to 400 
 miles of walking. 
 
 Last night the white ants ran Mr. Zeilinger out 
 of his room. They are a miserable pest. 
 
 We hope to see the native chief here when I come 
 back. His son is a catechumen and his daughter 
 a Christian. 
 
 I have spent the day largely in gathering informa- 
 tion about the work. This was a very fine work 
 and was just beginning to grow nicely when the 
 war came. The Christians have been very faithful, 
 and I hope the American Christians will be just 
 as faithful now in comingr to the rescue. 
 
 '& 
 
 Old Moshi. July 6, 192 1. 
 Yesterday morning at 10 o'clock we left Masama 
 and tramped some 20 or 25 miles to Old Moshi. We 
 passed New Moshi about 3 o'clock in the afternoon 
 and there I mailed you a letter.
 
 68 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 It sure was one pull yesterday. I reached Old 
 Moshi last night at 8:15 — dark as Egypt up the 
 mountain from New Moshi and we didn't have a 
 lantern until half-way up. The porters had gone 
 ahead and taken the lantern with the baggage. We 
 are out for a big trip now, which will take about 
 two weeks. We have some six or eight porters 
 along and will have to add a couple more from here, 
 for we now take our folding cots, blankets, bath 
 tub, etc., for camping out. We also have two don- 
 keys, a heavy rifle, and a double-barreled shot gun. 
 I also have as a protection against fast walking a 
 big blister on my little toe and a sore and swollen 
 leader above the right heel. Stopping here today 
 and tomorrow to see the people and the plant and 
 to rest up a bit. 
 
 Last night when we arrived we found that the 
 people had been waiting for us, but since we did 
 not arrive earlier they had gone home. They had 
 decorated the walk leading up to the Mission Home 
 with archways of tremendous palm leaves, roses and 
 fuchsias. The whole front of the house was cov- 
 ered with floral decorations. They had also brought 
 a half bushel of potatoes, two dozen eggs, some 
 milk, and a chicken, to keep us the two days we are 
 here. 
 
 Today they gathered about noon to sing to us 
 songs of welcome, and ofifer a speech. You ought 
 to have seen the crowd, men, women, and 
 children, full three hundred of them. After 
 the songs, the teachers and some of the more 
 important members came up on the veranda to
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 69 
 
 shake hands. There were some fifty of them. 
 
 Well, you ought to see this place. It is the best 
 view of nature I have yet had. The mission station 
 is some 4,8(X) feet above sea, on the side of the 
 foothills of the great Kilimancharo Mountain. The 
 Mission compound is filled with the most beautiful 
 trees, cedar, eucalyptus, mango, lemon, wald fig, etc. 
 The grounds are covered with the most beautiful 
 roses, fuchsias, oleander, etc. The surrounding 
 hills are covered with banana groves. Facing the 
 plains, one looks out on a wide expanse of almost 
 level ground, with mountains rising up here and 
 there to break the monotony. Would that I were 
 an artist and could paint some of this scenery. 
 
 The house we are in hasn't been occupied for a 
 year. The German missionaries were driven away 
 just one year ago. It is real pathetic. Here is a 
 little low bench beside me on which the children 
 sat. Here are odds and ends of furniture used by 
 the missionary family. Here is the medicine cabi- 
 net filled with bottles. Here an old graphophone, 
 there a couple empty bedsteads. Too bad ! Driven 
 out because they were German and not because they 
 had done any wrong. 
 
 Marangu, July 9th, 192T. 
 I sent you a letter down from the hills on July 
 /th. That day I visited one of the schools some 
 45 minutes walk from the Mission Home. Ninety 
 children were present and gave an exhibition of 
 their knowledge of reading, writing, arithmetic, 
 singing. They were a live crowd. As we came
 
 70 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 back to the house the children followed us singing 
 all the way. All are naked, except a loose cloth 
 thrown about them. 
 
 On the way to the school we passed the home of 
 one of the church elders. He came out and greeted 
 us and insisted on our coming into the yard. So we 
 entered through a beautiful avenue of cedar trees 
 into his compound. 
 
 There we were presented with fine oranges and 
 pineapples. Many of the Christian huts are tipped 
 with a cross. They look rather picturesque set in 
 among the banana groves. 
 
 In the afternoon was the regular weekly service 
 for the Christians. The church was filled and many 
 stood on the outside. Full five hundred or more 
 were in attendance. On Sunday anyone may come 
 to the service, but on Thursday afternoon only the 
 Christians. 
 
 Yesterday morning we started for Maranga about 
 9.45 o'clock. The way lies along most wonderful 
 valleys whose sides are covered with banana groves, 
 the most beautiful palm trees and other growth, with 
 here and there a native hut tucked away among the 
 banana trees. Everywhere as far as the eye will 
 carry, are endless spans of banana groves, deep 
 valleys, clear rocky mountain streams, pretty water- 
 falls. Up and down hill we went, across valleys 
 and bubbling brooks, under the palm branches hang- 
 ing low, until we came within two hours of our des- 
 tination. We had been walking three hours. Then 
 just ahead, right in the middle of the road, facing 
 in our direction stood, not a herd of elephants nor
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 71 
 
 a pair of lions, nor a leopard, ready to spring, but 
 a host of men, women, and children. Christians from 
 Marangu-Mamba, two hours distant, come to meet 
 us in the way and welcome us. There were full 
 500 or 600 of them and every one carried a long 
 stick with a bunch of pretty "flowers tied at the 
 end. Most were in the shape of a torch, others took 
 the form of a cross. Some of the children were 
 not over 6 or 7 years old and had come all that 
 distance. As we drew near they began singing 
 Christian hymns. After a few words of greeting 
 the whole congregation turned and led off toward 
 Marangu, lifting their flower banners aloft. It was a 
 long line extending hundreds of yards along the 
 mountain path. And as they went they sang hymns 
 all the way, those in front leading off and those 
 behind taking up the refrain. And as the long line 
 wound its way over hills and across valleys, over 
 rocky paths and trembling bridges, the heathen from 
 every quarter flocked to the roadside and watched 
 the procession and cried out "jambo," which is their 
 salutation. Occasionally some aged mother, more 
 bold than the rest, would step into the road and 
 grasp my hand and say "O jambo, jaml)o." For one 
 trained among the Japanese this was a w'onderful 
 sight. 
 
 When we reached the house after two hours of 
 fast marching, the children leaping and singing by 
 the roadside, and the grown-ups chanting all the 
 way, the procession halted and parted to either side 
 of the road, and lifting their flower banners high 
 formed an archway of flowers, under which we
 
 72 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 passed into the Mission compound. Then came 
 another graceful act. Four little European children 
 stood at the base of the steps, each with a bouquet 
 of roses and violets. They stepped out and handed 
 the bouquets to us. I have one pinned on my coat 
 now. 
 
 Two of the children belong to a Mr. Reach, who 
 is employed by the Mission to look after repairs. 
 He lost his wife five years ago and has been keep- 
 ing house by himself ever since. The little girls 
 are 6 and 8 years old. The other two children be- 
 long to a planter who lives in the neighborhood. 
 These people are Slovaks and before the war were 
 Austrians. The two children are staying here at 
 present because the mother is caring for an Italian 
 woman who works on their plantation. The woman 
 is very sick this morning and they are trying to get 
 a doctor. There is only one doctor nearer than 50 
 miles and he is 8 or 10 hours away and is no good. 
 Poor woman! I'm sorry for her and wish I w^ere 
 a doctor myself. These are the only white people 
 in this whole district. 
 
 July nth. 
 Yesterday was Sunday and a big day here. There 
 is a nice church here and a baptized membership of 
 1,300. In the morning from 9.00 o'clock was regu- 
 lar service. The house was packed with over 1,000 
 people. They sat for two and a half hours. You 
 ought to have seen the floral decorations about the 
 altar and pulpit. On either side of the pulpit and 
 reading stand were placed two fine banana trees
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 73 
 
 with ihcir large waving leaves. The same on either 
 side the big stone altar. Then about the altar were 
 other pretty decorations, the whole making a beau- 
 tiful tropical effect. 
 
 In the afternoon at 2.00 o'clock was the baptismal 
 service. Nineteen adults and four children were 
 baptized. Again more than 1,000 people were 
 present. 
 
 It was a great day, long to be remembered. 
 
 Today was another triumphal procession. We 
 left Marangu this morning at 10.00 o'clock and 
 headed toward one of the smaller mission stations 
 some five or six miles away. We had not gone 
 far till a crowd of school children with the teacher 
 met us and sang songs of welcome. One little fel- 
 low climbed up into a tree where the school bell 
 hangs, and while the others were singing he ham- 
 mered the bell. It was a funny sight. 
 
 Further along the way the chief of this district 
 came to meet us and conducted us to our destina- 
 tion. He is a tall fellow and thin as I am with 
 big holes in his ears larger than a silver dollar. Not 
 long after he joined us a great crowd of Christians, 
 full 800 strong, came from Mwaka to meet us. They 
 carried flower banners, but much prettier than those 
 on Saturday, carried by the Marangu people. These 
 latter had more variety in design. There were 
 crosses, crowns, stars, triangles, etc., with roses, 
 fuchsias, daisies, and many wild flowers, with pretty 
 palm leaves. They marched ahead with baimers 
 lifted and singing as they went. The chief followed 
 the congregation and we the chief.
 
 74 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 We arrived at the Mission compound and passed 
 under arches of flowers and along footpaths decor- 
 ated on either side with great palm leaves. The 
 grounds about the mission property are very fine. 
 Groves of pretty trees, orchards of orange and biwa 
 and peach. There must be 200 yards of walk lined 
 on both sides with orange trees, standing so thick 
 that they make a complete archway through which 
 the sky is invisible. Some of the oranges are larger 
 than your fist and most luscious in taste. 
 
 As we left later in the day one of the native 
 teachers handed me a chicken as a present. Maybe 
 we will eat it tomorrow. 
 
 Another chief met us this afternoon as we passed 
 through his domain and conducted us to the end 
 of his territory. 
 
 July 15th. 
 
 We left Marangu on the 13th for a two-day 
 journey to Shigatini. We rode our donkeys for 
 some distance down to the plains. Mine became 
 naughty once, stood on his head, and pitched me 
 a nice little somersault. Ran into a big bunch of 
 baboons on the way. Had a shot at one but he got 
 away. I also had a shot at an antelope cow but 
 she too got away. We walked all day through the 
 plain in a narrow little path with the grass head 
 high. We came to a small river about dark, where 
 we camped for the night. There are many alli- 
 gators in this ri\er, ])ut we saw none. Did not 
 sleep so well, on account of monkeys and baboons 
 barking about us all night, and two big hippopota- 
 mus grunting and snorting close by. I arose early
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 75 
 
 next morning and started on a second day's tramp. 
 VVe ran into a bunch of prairie hens and killed two. 
 The path lay over steep mountains in the afternoon 
 and the sun was blazing hot. Perspiration ran in 
 streams. 
 
 We arrived at Shigatini yesterday afternoon. 
 Found that an English officer on a vacation had 
 occupied the Mission House with his wife and an- 
 other lady. He had just gotten back from a trip 
 down in the plains where he ran into six lions all 
 in a bunch. Shot two and brought the skins home. 
 Upon our arrival we were invited to tea and to 
 lunch today. There are two houses here on the 
 compound, so we are quartered in one of them. 
 The congregation met us with songs and flowers at 
 the entrance to the mission compound and also pre- 
 sented us with eight chickens. 
 
 The country about here is not equal to that from 
 which we came and the people also are less sturdy. 
 The work here has suffered greatly. 
 
 We leave here tomorrow and go to Usangi for 
 Sunday, and from there walk six hours to nearest 
 railway station and go back to Moshi, where I mail 
 this letter. From Moshi we will go to the other 
 extreme end of the mission field, to Arusha, some 
 three days' journey from Moshi. After that trip 
 we will begin to wind up my work here, have an- 
 other conference with the Government at Dar-es- 
 Salaam, and set sail for Bombay. 
 
 July 1 6th. 
 This morning we went over to another station
 
 76 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 called Usangi, about one and a half hours distant 
 from here. About lOO people met us at the entrance 
 to the mission compound. Later on the chief of 
 that district came to pay his respects and handed 
 in three chickens as a present. Yesterday afternoon 
 a native soldier came and presented us with a leg 
 of mutton. 
 
 After going over the property at Usangi we came 
 back here to Shigatini for the night. We will re- 
 main here till tomorrow^ noon and attend service at 
 the church, then walk across country to the railway 
 and get a train about 3 o'clock Monday morning. 
 
 July 1 8th. 
 
 We left Shigatini yesterday and arrived at the 
 railway 6.00 P. M. We slept in the open under a 
 full moon and with the rats crawling around my 
 head until five o'clock this morning. Arrived by 
 train at New Moschi at 7.30. We will stay here 
 till this afternoon and then tramp three hours into 
 the hills to Old Moshi. We will stay there tonight 
 and tomorrow. Leave next day for the ten-day 
 tramp to Arasha and other stations and thence will 
 make way to coast. 
 
 As we sit here looking out on the country groups 
 of natives are passing constantly. The lowest type 
 of man I've yet seen is the Massai people. They 
 are rather hideous, with their bodies smeared with 
 an ochre coloring and their hair oiled and smeared. 
 They carry short swords and a long spear. They 
 are stolid and dumb looking.
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 77 
 
 Groups of the native Christians have been drop- 
 ping in and welcoming us. One of them can talk 
 good English and another one can speak German. 
 The English-speaking fellow was once in Europe. 
 They are so glad new missionaries have arrived 
 and are hoping we will send others as fast as pos- 
 sible. Some of the Christians are bright looking 
 fellows. 
 
 The first to call was a man and his wife. She is 
 rather an attractive, bright looking woman, with 
 some six or eight strings of beads about her neck. 
 They all want to shake hands. Indeed. I'm looking 
 forward with great pleasure to going into the moun- 
 tains to meet these people. 
 
 Tuesday, July 26th. 
 
 Started on the tramp to Nkoarunga this morn- 
 ing. One hour before we arrived we were met by 
 a hundred Christians, with the usual Christian 
 hymns. We left the road for a few minutes to see 
 a big waterfall. Very difficult descent to a good 
 place to see, but we made it O. K. At the spot 
 where the Christians met us are two graves of the 
 two missionaries who first went to Arusha. or rather 
 started, to open the work, and were murdered on 
 the way by Massai warriors. That was in 1896, 
 only 25 years ago, and now we have two mission 
 stations and about 300 Christians among them. 
 
 We arrived at Nkoarunga about 3 o'clock this 
 afternoon and after a hasty lunch went to the church 
 to speak to about 150 Christians who had gathered 
 to meet us and greet us. In the evening one of the
 
 78 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 teachers brought me a chicken as a present and two 
 wooden spoons. 
 
 This African journey is taking a Httle longer than 
 I had expected, but it is an opportunity of a Hfe- 
 time and means much in every way. I only regret 
 that while I'm out here I cannot spend six months 
 in travel through the interior to the West Coast 
 and along the Congo. But that is out of the ques- 
 tion. Everything has worked out nicely with me 
 so far and the same Guardian Angel that has so 
 often kept watch is still watching. 
 
 Gonja, Tanganyika, August /th, 1921. 
 My last letter was mailed to you on August ist, 
 last Monday, as we came down from Old Moschi 
 to catch the train for some 60 or 70 miles away. 
 We left Old Moschi at 8.30 P. M., and arrived at 
 same about one o'clock next morning. We threw 
 down our cots on the station platform and slept till 
 about 6 A. M., when we ate a hasty breakfast and 
 started out for our long journey afoot to Mbaga. 
 We walked all day until 3 P. M., when we stopped 
 by a nice little mountain stream and ate lunch. We 
 then discovered that a new porter had thrown away 
 a piece of baggage an hour and a half back on the 
 road, so we sent him and two other men back to 
 get it. The fellow was a little queer, never has 
 worked, and threw a piece of baggage simply be- 
 cause it was heavy. This caused a loss of two 
 hours. We resumed the journey at 5 o'clock and 
 climbed and climbed until midnight before reach- 
 ing our station at Mbaga. On the way, high up on
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 79 
 
 the mountain, all by himself, living as a hermit, we 
 came upon the house of a French priest. He is 
 completely isolated up there in the mountains, no 
 white person being nearer than perhaps 50 or 60 
 miles. We went in and rested a few moments. 
 
 On Thursday we packed up again and took the 
 road to Gonja, about six hours distant. The path 
 lies along the side of the mountains near the top 
 and affords a splendid view of the endless plains and 
 low mountains below. We reached Gonja about 
 5 o'clock in the afternoon. 
 
 Friday was occupied meeting some of the people 
 and looking at the property. Conditions in this 
 section of the field are pretty bad owing to the war. 
 The work is all disorganized and most of the Chris- 
 tians have gone back. It will require much effort 
 to restore conditions to where they were. 
 
 We are leaving here tomorrow and walking six 
 hours to the railway where we take a train for some 
 mission stations nearer the coast. Next Sunday 
 this time we expect to be in Tanga, the port from 
 which we will sail back to Dar-es-Salaam for the 
 final conference with the Government. I do not 
 know yet when I can get a boat out of Dar-es- 
 Salaam for India. I can't find out anything like 
 that till I reach the coast. We have had a great 
 trip out here with many experiences, but will be 
 mighty glad to board my steamer again for parts 
 nearer home. I have worked mighty hard for the 
 past two months. I can outwalk anything around 
 here, and have more endurance.
 
 80 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 Wuga, Tanganyika, August ii, 1921. 
 
 As I wrote you on August 7th. we left Gonja 
 Monday morning, August 8th. and went to the 
 railroad station nearest, a place called Mania. I 
 wrote that it was six hours distant, but I was mis- 
 taken. It took twelve hours of hard walking and 
 climbing. We had to cross a high mountain range 
 and when we began to descend on the other side it 
 was a tremendous descent. Oh, but it was beauti- 
 ful! All day we were in the high mountains and 
 did not reach the plains until about sundown. For 
 half a day we were in mountain forests so thick 
 that we could not see the sun. At noon we stopped 
 beside a little stream for lunch, and sat on moss 
 that seemed to be two feet or more thick. It was 
 springy like a spring bed. The water was almost 
 ice cold. After we left the forest and began the 
 descent, our native guide got lost and caused us a 
 good deal of extra climbing before we found the 
 right path again. 
 
 Arriving at Mania about 8.00 P. M. we found an 
 Indian in charge of the station. He was much 
 pleased to see some white men and sell so many 
 tickets (we had ten porters). He gave us all the 
 oranges we could eat, soda water in bottles, and 
 sugar for our coffee, and wouldn't have a cent pay- 
 ment. He opened a vacant room in the station for 
 us to sleep in. We threw down our cots in the 
 station and slept till i.oo A. M., when we caught 
 the train for Mombo, the nearest station to where 
 we now are, arriving about 6.00 A. M. From the 
 station we had to walk three and a half hours to
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 81 
 
 Wuga, but it is by a good macadam road. There is 
 a good road to Lushoto, about 25 miles from the 
 railroad, where there are soldiers and some English 
 officials. It is by this road we go to \Vuga. It is 
 the best road in the country and is really very nice, 
 winding in and out among the mountains and along 
 a mountain stream. Yesterday we went to the end 
 of this road to Lushoto to see the English officials, 
 and enjoyed the fine scenery. l>ut it was a 9-hour 
 walk. At Lushoto there are several English offi- 
 cials and a number of little brick bungalows. Under 
 the German Government Lushoto was a political 
 administrative district and the English are using 
 the place for the same purpose. 
 
 At Wuga there is a missionary who has been 
 allowed to remain on account of his sick wife, who 
 cannot be removed. I have just come from her 
 room where I was showing her the family pictures. 
 She seemed much pleased to see the pictures. Every- 
 body thinks I have a nice crowd at home. Well, 
 this poor lady has dropsy and cannot live, her hus- 
 band thinks, more than a few weeks or months at 
 most. They have been married some twenty-three 
 years, I think, and she has had good health. I v,as 
 told for only the first seven months. The troubles 
 began with malaria and black-water fever. They 
 have been living here in Africa for 27 years. 
 
 Tomorrow morning early we start for Lutindi. 
 another mission station, where there is a home for 
 epileptics. The path lies across the mountains and 
 the journey will take at least eight or nine hours 
 of walking.
 
 82 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 August 13th. 
 
 We arrived at Lutindi yesterday evening at 6 
 o'clock. The road yesterday was very beautiful 
 among the mountains. Half the time we were in 
 heavy forests, with trees that seem to be 150 feet 
 or more high. A Mr. Bakermann, his wife and two 
 little children live here at Lutindi and care for some 
 88 of these epileptics, crazy and half crazy people. 
 Yesterday one of them got loose and knocked down 
 a woman and struck Mr. Bakermann in the stomach. 
 It took four men to capture him. The place is 
 located on the very top of a high mountain, with 
 other mountains and forests on all sides. Mr. and 
 Mrs. Bakermann have five children in Germany 
 also. 
 
 This morning the Christians were called to the 
 chapel for a meeting. There are over 200 of them 
 here in this vicinity. The chapel was full. 
 
 Tomorrow, Sunday, we leave for Tanga, the port 
 from which we sail to Dar-es-salaam. Our train 
 will leave the station at i.oo P. M., and we should 
 be in Tanga by 6 o'clock. It is about three hours' 
 walk from here to the station. Our long walks in 
 East Africa are now ended. It has been a great 
 experience. So far I have kept well and have en- 
 joyed the experiences, though it has been pretty 
 hard work most of the time. 
 
 The German missionaries in this part of the world 
 certainly led lives of consecration. Practically all 
 the mission stations out here are away up, up, up 
 in the mountains, a whole day's journey from any 
 other white person, sometimes a week's journey.
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 83 
 
 All the work is now in a bad way, without mission- 
 aries. It will take some years to get hold of the 
 situation again. The situation is tragic and depress- 
 ing. I hope that our Lutherans in America can get 
 under the problem and solve it. 
 
 August 30th. 
 
 This morning at 10.00 o'clock I went to the Gov- 
 ernment for a final conference and had a very cor- 
 dial reception. I handed in a copy of our reports 
 and recommendations, which were approved. 
 
 Later we went to the postoffice and sent off a 
 cable to New York, costing $12.00, announcing the 
 general result of our conference. The folks at home 
 can now get busy, since we have gotten for them 
 all that they wanted and more too. So far as Gov- 
 ernment is concerned our mission is a complete suc- 
 cess, without a hitch from start to finish. We have 
 had a remarkably successful time of it all round. 
 Not a day has been lost on account of bad weather 
 or other troubles. My steamship connections, too, 
 so far, have been ideal. 
 
 October 4, 192 1. 
 Now for a word about my India trip. On Sep- 
 tember 14th I reached Guntur in a pouring rain, the 
 first real rain I had encountered since leaving the 
 U. S. in April. That day we did nothing but make 
 plans. On the 15th Dr. Victor McCauley showed 
 me around Guntur a bit and I visited various 
 schools and other departments of work. On the 
 night of the 15th was the big reception to two In-
 
 84 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 dian ministers of State, which I attended, and at 
 which I met some of the ehte people of the town. 
 There were fireworks and cakes and tea and silks 
 and jewels. 
 
 The next morning early Dr. McCauley and I went 
 to Chirala where we viewed the work and got into 
 heavy rains. There is a hospital there, a big church, 
 schools and a mission home. The country about 
 there is sandy and looks much like Saga. You know 
 there is great political excitement in India. They 
 are trying to force the British Government to leave 
 India by not cooperating with it in anyway. This 
 town of Chirala is a hot bed of agitation. Twenty 
 thousand people have moved out of their homes 
 and shops in the town and are living in little straw 
 huts in the field. They do their own weaving of 
 cloth. I was taken through the village to see the 
 weaving in the homes. 
 
 From Chirala we came back that night to Tenali 
 where Rev. Harry Goedeke is located. Here there 
 is a mission home and a school. The water was 
 standing so high around the compound that four men 
 had to carry me around to see the buildings, for I 
 had no rubber boots and did not care to pull off my 
 trousers. 
 
 Next day we came back to Guntur for other 
 meetings and the birthday party of Dr. Aberly. All 
 the missionaries were present and the leading Indian 
 workers. 
 
 The following day, Sunday, was also given to 
 Guntur. At 6.30 early breakfast, at 7.00 review 
 of the orphans, 8.30 service in church, at which I
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 85 
 
 spoke, 9.30 examination of Women's Hospital, 
 10.30 service in Hospital Chapel, at which I again 
 spoke, 12.00 lunch with Dr. Aberly, i. 00-4.00 long 
 conference with Dr. Aberly, 4.30 Sunday school, at 
 which I spoke to 1,000 scholars, 6.30 English ser- 
 vice, at which I preached, 8.00 dinner at one of the 
 homes. 
 
 Monday morning early went by motor to Sattena- 
 pelli and thence to Narsaravupet to see the work at 
 these places. The next day, Tuesday, drove to 
 Rentichintala, to see the conditions there. They have 
 three fine homes, a fine church, schools and dispen- 
 sary there. Everything built with stone, for plenty 
 of stone lies loose on the ground. 
 
 On Wednesday early we started back 70 miles by 
 motor to Guntur. In the same afternoon Dr. and 
 Mrs. McCauley had prepared a big reception for 
 all the missionaries and Indian workers. There 
 were about 100 in all. There were addresses, with 
 nice refreshments and I was presented with a silver 
 headed cane. Quite a big affair. 
 
 That night at one o'clock I left for a wild sec- 
 tion of the field, Tarlupad, arriving next morning 
 at 7 o'clock. We spent the day in this station look- 
 ing over the work and doing a little hunting in the 
 afternoon. We walked about two miles and killed 
 a buck. We took the train that evening and traveled 
 all night to Samulkot, some 300 miles away. Samul- 
 kot is where we have our lace industry headquarters. 
 Breakfast with the ladies here and a look around, 
 and then off to Peddapur in an Overland. A look 
 around at the big High School and other things
 
 86 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 here with meetings and speeches. Then off next day 
 by motor to Dowlaishwaram and a look around 
 there. Here I saw some of the houseboats which 
 the missionaries use on the canals in their work. 
 The great dam constructed by the Government and 
 the great canals for irrigation are to be seen here. 
 
 From Dowlaishwaram we went to Rajahmundry, 
 nearby, to spend Sunday. Here there were meet- 
 ings and dinings, and examinations of work from 
 early morning to late at night. Four addresses on 
 Sunday. On Saturday night a big dinner was given 
 to me to which the non-missionary European resi- 
 dents were invited. About fifty guests were in- 
 vited. Beautiful affair. 
 
 From Rajahmundry on Monday to Tadepalligu- 
 dem, and from there the same day by motor to 
 Bhimawaram. This is a rich section, well watered, 
 where they grow much rice, and where beautiful 
 canals irrigate the land. There is a High School 
 of 700 students here, whom I addressed twice, mis- 
 sion home and other schools. 
 
 Next day, Tuesday, September 27th, was rushed 
 back to the railway, where I took the night train 
 for Bombay, arriving Thursday morning. 
 
 My India trip, therefore, was a very strenuous 
 affair. Little sleep and constant change of scene, 
 which crowded my mind. 
 
 Speaking of India, the missionaries were ex- 
 ceedingly kind to me. It was a great experience for 
 me and very valuable. Would not have missed it 
 for anything, but in order to get it in, have had to 
 miss several other things.
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 87 
 
 Marseilles, October 17, 1921. 
 
 Reached Marseilles this morning about 8 o'clock, 
 safe and sound. And what do you think! I'm get- 
 ting away in the morning at 8 o'clock. This is won- 
 derful good fortune. Really, I've had the greatest 
 good fortune on this trip, in making connections, 
 that a man can ever expect to have. 
 
 We are now approaching the equator again and 
 I will soon have to don my thin clothing again. 
 After Dakar it will begin to get hot. On a trip 
 such as I've had one must carry a variety of clothing. 
 If you'll take your map you can easily trace the 
 line I have followed in the past thirty days. Think 
 I have done splendidly and have been patting my- 
 self on the shoulder. Just think, on the second day 
 of October. I left Bombay in India, crossed the 
 Indian Ocean, passed through the Red Sea and the 
 Canal, sailed up the Mediterranean, changed boats 
 at Marseilles, came down the Mediterranean past 
 Gibraltar, rounded North Africa and am now ap- 
 proaching the equator on the West Coast, and the 
 month of October is not yet ended ! It almost equals 
 my record breaking trip from Yokohama to Salem 
 in fourteen days. 
 
 Monrovia, Liberia, Nov. 7, 1921. 
 Yesterday morning I landed at Monrovia and have 
 been staying with the General Receiver of the Amer- 
 ican Government here, Mr. H. F. Worley. Yester- 
 day being Sunday I could do nothing toward get- 
 ting up into the interior. Today I have been call- 
 ing on Government officials and getting my papers
 
 88 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 properly fixed up. The President is sick and I can- 
 not see him at present. But the American Minister, 
 the Secretary of the Interior, etc., have been 
 called on. 
 
 Tomorrow I take a steam launch and go up the 
 river to the main station at Muhlenberg, and thence 
 I go into the interior for about four weeks of hard 
 journeying. This being the beginning of the hot 
 season it is going to be a real hot job. 
 
 Mr. Worley, with whom I'm staying, has his 
 family in Washington and has been away from them 
 now nearly two years. He has cabled the U. S. 
 Government for a furlough and is now waiting for 
 an answer. He controls the finances of this country 
 and has enlightened me very much on Liberian 
 affairs. He has been exceedingly kind to me and 
 helpful. He knows all our people and is very 
 friendly to Missions. He himself is an active and 
 earnest Christian, a rare thing in Government people 
 on these foreign shores. 
 
 I find that it will take me at least four weeks to 
 cover the ground here. The distances are so great 
 and I cannot rush quite as much as in East Africa, 
 for the climatic conditions are not as favorable. 
 But it will not be long after Christmas, possibly two 
 weeks. Then, too, steamer connections here are 
 more difficult than anywhere else. Only a few 
 boats call here. I'm sure I can get away in Decem- 
 ber, though, and then from twenty days to a month 
 will put me home. I'm so very sorry that I cannot 
 reach home by Christmas and to me it is a terrible 
 disappointment.
 
 QUOTATIONS FROM LETTERS 89 
 
 My head is buzzing with quinine tonight. I am 
 taking 5 grains per day now. I haven't been sick 
 a day so far and want to pull off this Liberian 
 job with the same good health. 
 
 Muhlenberg Mission. 
 
 Liberia, W. Africa. 
 
 Nov. 10, 1921. 
 
 On Tuesday at 11.00 A.M. I went down to the 
 river to take a launch some 25 miles up the river 
 to the Mission, but on account of engine trouble the 
 launch was not ready to start at 3.30 p.m. So I 
 hired another launch and came on up. That was 
 some trip. Of course there w-ere many negroes com- 
 ing up the river also and I agreed that as many as 
 could get in could come along. In addition another 
 boat was roped behind and filled with baggage and 
 people. It was a four-hour run up a broad river, 
 the St. Paul. The negroes were singing all the way 
 and some of the women would scream whenever the 
 boat tilted too much. 
 
 I arrived at the Mission about 8.30 P. M. and sat 
 down to a big dinner prepared by Mrs. Traub. All 
 the missionaries at this station were present. They 
 were Mr. Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Traub, Mr. and Mrs. 
 Buschman, Miss Otto. Miss Dysinger, Miss Martens 
 and Sister Laura Gilliland. 
 
 The following day, Wednesday, T went through 
 the little dispensary and hospital on this side of the 
 river, the boys' school, chapel, carpenter shop, shoe 
 shop, tailor shop. Yesterday, Thursday, I crossed 
 the river to the plant on the other side, the big girls'
 
 90 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 school new building and the nice hospital just fin- 
 ished. These are the buildings that have caused so 
 much trouble and therefore I am making a special 
 examination. 
 
 The site of the Muhlenberg Station is wonderful. 
 Part of the work is on one side and part on the 
 other side of the St. Paul river. The banks of the 
 river are high and there is a wonderful river scene 
 from the mission houses. To cross the river we 
 use the dug-out, a small African canoe such as you 
 see in pictures, dug out of a solid log. 
 
 This morning I have been examining the coffee 
 plantation, and looking through the cemetery. The 
 balance of the day and tomorrow will continue my 
 investigations. On Sunday I speak to the Christians 
 on both sides the river. Monday morning early, 
 November 14th, I start out for the interior stations 
 and beyond into territory where we contemplate 
 opening up new work. It will take one month of 
 traveling to complete this. There are no roads and 
 we'll have to walk and be carried across streams 
 and in hammocks. At the end of this tour I meet 
 the missionaries to discuss problems for two days 
 and then I make for my boat and home. At present 
 I'm trying to get on a boat that is expected to leave 
 Monrovia about December i8th. 
 
 Now, this may be my last letter and it may not. 
 If I find that I can send down mail from the wilder- 
 ness and that it is likely to catch a boat, of course 
 I'll write. But if you don't hear from me for the 
 next month or six weeks you will know that I'm 
 on the way home.
 
 Excerpts from Publications 
 
 Arranged by Luther B. Wolf 
 
 Japan as a Mission Field 
 
 '" I ^ HE Christianization of Japan will mean 
 A more than we can imagine in favor of the 
 
 evangelization of the other great non-Christian 
 countries." 
 
 "It should be borne in mind constantly that Japan 
 is no ordinary heathen country, deserving only pass- 
 ing consideration. There is a civilization peculiar to 
 the nation, yet a highly developed and in some re- 
 spects refined civilization." 
 
 Japan's Educational System 
 
 "The system of education is almost ideal in theory 
 and very effective even in practice." 
 
 "Illiteracy is not common, being less than six per 
 cent." 
 
 "Among the people are great scholars and think- 
 ers, reputable scientists and specialists in every de- 
 partment." 
 
 Japan's R.\nk Among the Nations 
 
 ■ "Such intellectual, commercial and political 
 strength places Japan among the first-class nations 
 
 91
 
 92 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 of the world and gives to her the dominant position 
 and deciding voice in the development of the far 
 East." 
 
 "Japan will necessarily control the development 
 of China and Korea for many years to come. Ten 
 years ago there were only two Chinese students in 
 all the schools of Japan. Today, there are 13,000." 
 
 "Japanese, instead of American and European 
 teachers, are everywhere given the preference." 
 
 Japan's Opportunities for Mission Work 
 
 "The Japanese mind is rather inclined to consider 
 favorably a subject simply because it is foreign." 
 
 "Such receptivity is not confined to material 
 things alone." 
 
 "If hitherto the Japanese have rejected or been 
 indifferent to the Christian religion, it is not because 
 they disliked Christianity in itself — but it is because 
 they believed that it in some way if adopted, would 
 become a menace to the State. But the success of 
 Protestant Missions have proved to the people at 
 large that a man can be loyal to the Emperor and 
 faithful to Jesus Christ." 
 
 "And thus great national receptivity of mind com- 
 bined with serious heart-searching, constitutes a 
 great opportunity for the Church of today." 
 
 "The Japanese are as nationally inclined to reli- 
 gious worship, as any other people." 
 
 "More students in proportion than any other class 
 read the Bible and attend the churches." 
 
 "The very success demands greater effort and con- 
 stitutes a unique opportunity."
 
 EXCERPTS FROM PUBLICATIONS 93 
 
 Open Doors in Schools and Seminary 
 
 1. "There is a growing desire on the part of 
 Christian and non-Christian parents aHke, to send 
 their children where sound moral instruction is 
 given." 
 
 2. "The larger Missions saw the necessity — early 
 in their history to found one or more Christian 
 Schools for boys and girls." 
 
 3. "We must have pastors." "We need educated 
 laymen." "The grade (of our school) should be 
 high enough to carry a student to the Junior year 
 of an American College." 
 
 4. "From the side of the Mission and the Home 
 Church, the matter is that we have only the begin- 
 nings of a Seminary. There is no hope for a 
 Japanese Lutheran Ministry until the Seminary is 
 established on a firm foundation." 
 
 A Ten-Year Program for Japan 
 
 "The plan calls for an increase of twenty-three 
 missionary families; twenty-six single missionary 
 ladies. It appeals for the building and equipment of 
 a good Seminary and a Girls' School ; thirty-two 
 Churches and Chapels; seven missionary homes at 
 once and thirteen others as the force increases." 
 
 "There are not the figures of men gone mad, but 
 the sober conclusions of conservative Lutheran mis- 
 sionaries, surrounded — by those who are doing even 
 larger things — and by the gathering forces of 
 heathenism and the necessity of striking a more tell- 
 ing blow."
 
 94 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 The Religion of Japan 
 
 "Abundant evidence of religious faith and wor- 
 ship. Temples, shrines, idols, cover the mountains 
 and fill the valleys." 
 
 "Practically all Japanese believe in Shinto or 
 Confucianism or Buddhism, or all these at once." 
 
 "Shinto, the way of the gods— is purely Japanese 
 in origin. It fosters the doctrines of imperial 
 divinity and ancestor and nature worship." "It has 
 no moral code, no dogma. Its highest ambitions are 
 to remain — a sort of patriotic cult." 
 
 "Buddhism has had more influence over the 
 masses of Japan than any other religion." 
 
 "The country's folk-love and poetry are its 
 creation." 
 
 "Buddhism teaches many noble principles and 
 points to a higher life of self control." Its chief 
 doctrine of very great influence is metempsychosis." 
 "Buddhism knows no supreme being." 
 
 "The soul is absorbed into the universal deity, 
 loses personality— to enter the Buddhist heaven, 
 Nirvana." 
 
 "Confucianism, strictly speaking, is not a religion 
 in the true sense." "It lays no claim to any knowl- 
 edge that is supernatural." 
 
 "Confucius teaches nothing about the relation be- 
 tween man and God." 
 
 "It is entirely an elaboration of principles that 
 should govern man in his relation to man." 
 
 "Confucius did not teach a brotherhood of man."
 
 EXCERPTS FROM PUBLICATIONS 95 
 
 Results and Outlook 
 
 "Remembering what tremendous odds Chris- 
 tianity had to contend against from the first, the 
 work of the past thirty-five years ought to be counted 
 successful to a very high degree." "On non-Chris- 
 tian authorit) — at least one milHon persons accept 
 the primary truths of Scripture, who are not openly 
 identified with the Church." 
 
 "The results that lie not so much on the surface, 
 are even greater and pledge most for the future." 
 
 "We confidently expect the evangelization of 
 Japan during the 20th Century." 
 
 From His Tracts 
 
 I. "Is There No Better Way?" 
 
 "Oh, my precious little Chrysanthemum," she 
 murmured. "Must you face the same lot? Are 
 women born but to sufifer? Is there no better way?" 
 The young mother raised her eyes and looked to- 
 ward the great ocean. 
 
 "Over across the ocean, on that very day, a great 
 missionary convention was being held, in America. 
 The question of absorbing interest was a resolution 
 pledging support to the erection and maintenance of 
 a school for girls in Japan. The consecrated fervor 
 of the missionary who plead for the women and 
 girls of the Sunrise Kingdom had reached every 
 heart. 
 
 "No nation," said the speaker in conclusion, "can 
 rise higher than the level of its womanhood. We 
 cannot raise Japan any higher, until we lift up the
 
 96 BROWN MEMORIAL 
 
 women of Japan to the level to which our Saviour 
 exalted womanhood until we have Christian schools 
 for the girls in Japan." The speaker paused. There 
 was a moment of silence. "Are you ready for the 
 question ?" asked the president. 
 
 "Question !" "Question !" sounded insistently from 
 the floor. 
 
 "All in favor of adopting the resolution make it 
 known by saying "aye." 
 
 Away over in Japan O Tomi San sighed hope- 
 lessly. 
 
 "O my precious one," sobbed she as she bent over 
 her child, "is there no better way for you?" 
 
 Little Chrysanthemum looked up into the tearful 
 eyes of her mother and her tiny lips quivered. Then 
 suddenly a radiant smile transformed the face of 
 the child, as if a unanimous chorus of "ayes" had 
 crossed the ocean and reached her ears." 
 
 2. "Two Streams." 
 
 "One hundred and thirty boys turned sadly, and 
 walked away with leaden hearts." 
 
 "Go back. Go back," was our unspoken message 
 to them. "Back to your Buddha, back to your idol 
 temples, back to your shrines, back into the foul 
 streams of idolatry from which you came." 
 
 "The faculty of Kyushu Gakuin would have been 
 glad to welcome two hundred and fifty new students 
 that day, instead of one hundred and twenty. Not 
 one of those boys was without a growing mind and 
 an immortal soul. Not one was there for whom 
 Christ had not died. Yet there was a limit to 
 the size and number of class-rooms and there was
 
 EXCERPTS FROM PUBLICATIONS 97 
 
 a limit to the funds for expenses. 
 
 The faculty of Kyushu Gakuin were not giving 
 their own message when they said to the one hun- 
 dred and thirty. "Go back." They were only spokes- 
 men for the Church in America, which sent over 
 the message, "We can give no more for foreign 
 missions this year." 
 
 Since that school opened its doors seven hundred 
 and three boys have been turned away." 
 
 HERE AND THERE 
 
 I have heard the Church bells ringing. 
 As the sexton pulled the rope, 
 I have heard the Church choirs singing, 
 Songs of Christian love and hope. 
 
 Stood in wonder at the entrance 
 Of some pile of brick and stone, 
 As there came a quick remembrance 
 Of the cost of this alone. 
 
 Seen the empty benches filling. 
 With a prosperous happy folk. 
 Heard the story always thrilling. 
 As the preacher clearly spoke. 
 
 Of the Christ, the King of Glory, 
 Come from heaven to dwell 'mongst men. 
 Of redeeming love's blest storj-, 
 Told them oft yet sweet again. 
 
 Then my meditation shifted 
 To a distant foreign land, 
 And the screening veil was lifted 
 From the ocean's endless strand.
 
 98 BROWN AIEMORIAL 
 
 Here I see a Availing nation, 
 Groping blindly for the Light, 
 Heirs with us of God's Salvation, 
 Wandering far in darkest night. 
 
 Some are kneeling by the altar 
 Wrapped in sacrificial smoke ; 
 Others up the mountains falter. 
 Driven by a groundless hope. 
 
 Some before their temples golden 
 Stand in deep humility. 
 Others to an image olden 
 Pray eternal life to see. 
 
 Some their rosaries are counting 
 
 Far into the fading light ; 
 
 Others prayer wheels now are mounting 
 
 Turning prayers throughout the night. 
 
 Some are boasting of their learning 
 Gleaned from sceptics of the West, 
 Some to Western vice are turning, 
 Crying, "Western ways are best." 
 
 Yet from all these millions thronging, 
 On the shores of endless sea, 
 Rise the prayers of wistful longing, 
 For the Christ of Gallilee. 
 
 Sick their hearts of empty fiction, 
 And the law's relentless wheel. 
 Waiting for a benediction 
 To the "Unknown God" they kneel. 
 
 Heirs of God with sins forgiven. 
 Those who kneel in Western lands ; 
 Joint heirs those but evil-driven. 
 Those who kneel on Eastern sands.
 
 EXCERPTS FROM PUBLICATIONS 
 
 99 
 
 Stir our hearts and make them tender, 
 Make, O Lord, our conscience true, 
 That in faith, we may remember, 
 The work Thou gavest us to do. 
 
 Save Thy children from the danger 
 Of the slothful servant's sin. 
 That beside the Holy Manger, 
 All may kneel to Thee through Him.
 
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