OFH 
 
 
 HALLOCK 
 
 
BIOLOGY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 G 
 
THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 HOW CHILDREN MAY BECOME CIT- 
 IZENS OF THE LAND OF HEALTH BY 
 LEARNING AND OBEYING ITS LAWS 
 
 BY 
 GRACE T. HALLOCK 
 
 OP THE CHILD HEALTH ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA 
 AND 
 
 C.-E. A. WINSLOW 
 
 PROFESSOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH, YALE MEDICAL SCHOOL, AND 
 
 CURATOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH, AMERICAN MUSEUM 
 
 OF NATURAL HISTORY 
 
 WITH A CHAPTER ON EXERCISE 
 BY 
 
 WALTER CAMP 
 
 CHARLES E. MERRILL COMPANY 
 
 NEW YORK AND CHICAGO 
 
/A 
 
 ^BIOLOGY 
 ORARY 
 
 G 
 
 THE WINSLOW HEALTH SERIES 
 
 Bi- 
 
 C.-E. A. WINSLOW 
 
 Professor of Public Health, Yale Medical School, Curator 
 of Public Health, American Museum of Natural History 
 
 The Land of Health 
 
 By GRACE T. HALLOCK and C.-E. A. WINS^OW. 
 For the lower grades. 
 
 Healthy Living, Book One 
 By C.-E. A. WINSLOW. 
 
 For the intermediate grades. 
 
 Healthy Living, Book Two 
 By C.-E. A. WINSLOW. 
 
 For the upper grades and the junior high school. 
 
 Each book contains a chapter on physical exercise 
 by WALTER CAMP. 
 
 COPYRIGHT, 1922, 
 
 BY 
 CHARLES E. MERRILL CO. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 Can hygiene be taught to children of eight, nine, 
 ten years of age? 
 
 We think it can, and we hope this book, THE 
 LAND OF HEALTH, is going to prove it. 
 
 We believe that the one best way to teach 
 hygiene to boys and girls is by telling them stories. 
 In a large measure the same thing is true for 
 grown people too. 
 
 Teaching by story-telling (or story-observing) is 
 used in the case system in law and the clinical clerk 
 system in medicine two of the highest develop- 
 ments of modern education; and both owe much 
 of their value to the dramatic element, as well as 
 to the concreteness, which is involved. It was by 
 experience, not by words and phrases, that the 
 human race acquired its first knowledge of Nature, 
 and it is by experience chiefly that the child learns 
 to-day. A good story is an experience. The 
 natural forces that affect Healthy Living are, 
 we hope, personified in this book as the Greeks 
 would have personified them. Wind and Rain and 
 Sun were the teachers of mankind in its golden 
 youth and in these pages they will teach our young 
 people of the present day. 
 
 A story is the best device that we possess for 
 
 3 
 
 50U210 
 
4 PREFACE 
 
 arresting the attention. If the lesson is to be fixed, 
 however, it must appeal to an internal aspiration, 
 to some motive which will seize upon it and make it 
 vital. In the teaching of hygiene, this motive 
 varies with different ages. For the middle-aged 
 the avoidance of disease is a compelling force; for 
 the youth community service may be emphasized. 
 With younger children these things have no ap- 
 peal. THE LAND OF HEALTH attempts a different 
 note. These stories have the ultimate motive of 
 vigorous, buoyant health as a condition of happi- 
 ness; and happiness is, and ought to be, the objec- 
 tive of childhood. 
 
 There is another parallel here with the spirit of 
 ancient Greece. In Athens they understood, as 
 never before or since, the beauty of physical health, 
 the nobleness of physical vigor. We are at last 
 beginning to conceive the ideals of health in some- 
 thing of the Greek spirit. It was our own American 
 philosopher and humanist, William James, who 
 said, "Simply to live, move, and breathe should 
 be a delight." May this book reveal to many 
 children in these United States a clear vision of 
 the gospel of Healthy Living, which makes the 
 sound mind in the sound body a primary objective 
 of the individual and community life. 
 
 C.-E. A. WINSLOW 
 New Haven 
 
 May, 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 CHAPTER PAGE 
 
 I. THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE WORLD 7 
 
 II. DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS . 16 
 
 III. THE NATURALIZATION LAW OF THE LAND OF 
 
 HEALTH ....... 25 
 
 IV. FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT . . 34 
 V. STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES . 43 
 
 VI. AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE ... 53 
 
 VII. KEEPING CLEAN 62 
 
 VIII. WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF ... 76 
 
 IX. AN ENCHANTED CASTLE .... 87 
 
 X. TRAINING MR. TASTER .... 97 
 
 XI. STORED SUNLIGHT ..... 107 
 
 XII. CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER . . .112 
 
 XIII. IN THE GARDEN OF SLEEP .... 123 
 
 XIV. ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH . . 131 
 XV. THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY . . . 142 
 
 XVI. CAREFULNESS 152 
 
 XVII. HAPPY VILLAGE 162 
 
 XVIII. FULL CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF HEALTH . 175 
 
 EXERCISES THAT HELP You TO BE STRONG AND WELL 
 
 By Walter Camp 187 
 
 TABLE OF FOOD VALUES . . . . .199 
 
 MEASURING YOUR WEIGHT . . . . . 200 
 
 INDEX 203 
 
THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 CHAPTER I 
 
 THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE 
 WORLD 
 
 Tom and Sally lived with their mother and father 
 in a house at the edge of a town. The house was 
 white with green blinds. Behind it there was a 
 meadow full of long sweet grass that Clover, the 
 cow, loved to eat. A clear brook flowed through 
 the meadow. In the shallow places it sang over 
 the stones. In the deep places it was very still 
 and cool. 
 
 Tom was ten years old. He had brown hair and 
 eyes, and round red cheeks. Sally was a year 
 younger than Tom. Her hair was long and yellow, 
 and her eyes were as blue as the Canterbury bells 
 that grew in their flower garden. 
 
 One Saturday afternoon in September Tom and 
 Sally were picking up the apples that had fallen 
 from the greening apple tree at the edge of the 
 meadow. They carried the apples to Mother, 
 who was sitting in a red rocker under the tree. 
 
 7 
 
'? S : THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 She was peeling them to make apple sauce for 
 supper. 
 
 Finally Mother said she had enough apples, so 
 Tom threw himself down under the tree and asked 
 Sally to read a story. On her last birthday Tom 
 had given her a book of stories from the "Arabian 
 Nights." She ran to get it now from the tin box 
 in a crotch of the tree, where she and Tom kept 
 their treasures. Then she sat on a little wooden 
 stool at Mother's feet and opened the book. 
 "I'll read about Aladdin's lamp," she announced. 
 This was their favorite story. 
 
 When she had finished, Tom sighed. "I wish 
 I had Aladdin's lamp," he said. "I'd wish for the 
 most wonderful thing in the world." 
 
 "What is the most wonderful thing in the 
 world? ' asked Sally, who thought that Tom 
 must know everything as he was a year older 
 than she. 
 
 "Why, yes," replied Tom, with a puzzled frown. 
 "What is it? Let me think." And he gave his 
 forehead a hard rub. "I think it must be money. 
 If you have money, you can buy anything you 
 want." 
 
 Mother stood up and smoothed her big white 
 apron. "There was once a man named Midas, 
 
THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE WORLD 9 
 
 Mother, Sally, and Tom under the greening apple tree. 
 
 who thought so too," she said, "but he changed 
 his mind. I'm going up to put the apples on now," 
 she added. "If you think hard until supper time, 
 perhaps you will guess what the most wonderful 
 thing in the world is." 
 
10 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "The most wonderful thing in the world," 
 repeated a dreamy voice. The children turned 
 and saw a bent old man sitting in Mother's little 
 red rocker. He wore a crown and his long robes 
 were covered with jewels. He was silent so long 
 that finally Tom cleared his throat. The old man 
 jumped. "I beg your pardon," he said. "My 
 name is Midas. I have come to tell you about 
 the most wonderful thing in the world. It's all 
 so peaceful here I almost thought I was back 
 in my own garden. And this little girl ' he 
 smiled at Sally "is just about the size of Mari- 
 gold. Well, well, I must begin." And this was 
 his story. 
 
 I was once a great king. All through my early 
 life I thought that gold was the most wonderful 
 thing in the world. Every piece of gold that came 
 to my hands I hid in a dark room under my palace. 
 Every day I went to this room to plunge my 
 arms in gold. I thought I was never so happy as 
 then, not even when I held my little daughter 
 Marigold in my arms. 
 
 The only light in that dark room came from a tiny 
 barred window. In the late afternoon one sun- 
 beam shot for a moment through this window 
 to turn my heap of gold into little glittering flames. 
 
THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE WORLD 11 
 
 One afternoon I looked up from my gold just as 
 the sunbeam came through the window. There 
 in its light stood a stranger. Little golden rays 
 flickered about his head like sunlight among 
 leaves. I wondered if this stranger could be a 
 god. He looked at all my gold and smiled. 
 
 "Are you happy, Midas, now that you know 
 you are the richest man in the world?" 
 
 I shook my head. "No, stranger, I am not 
 satisfied." 
 
 "What would satisfy you then?" 
 
 I thought very hard. If this stranger should 
 truly prove to be a god, he could grant my desire. 
 
 I answered slowly: "Gold is hard to gain. 
 I wish that everything I touch may be turned 
 to gold." 
 
 The stranger laughed. "The golden touch! 
 Your wish is granted, King Midas. After the 
 sun has risen in the morning, everything you 
 touch will be gold." The sunbeam slipped out 
 the window. The stranger was gone. 
 
 I could hardly wait for morning to come. When 
 the first ray from the rising sun fell on my bed, 
 I was overjoyed to find that the bed coverings 
 were changed to purest gold. I leaped up arid 
 started to put on my clothes. I found myself 
 
12 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 in robes of cloth of gold. I ran down the stairs. 
 Each step became a solid block of yellow metal. 
 
 I went out into my garden. I had always 
 loved this garden. The wind blew softly through 
 the flowers and brought me the warm, sweet 
 odor of a hundred roses. I could see them nod- 
 ding at me from the bushes, heavy with morn- 
 ing dew. But I thought that I could make them 
 even more beautiful. I touched each rose with 
 my finger, and instantly the petals were deli- 
 cate plates of thin gold. 
 
 Then I went in to my breakfast. At my plate 
 I found a little brook trout done to a turn, two 
 soft-boiled eggs, oat cakes, and honey. A bowl 
 of bread and milk was waiting for my daughter 
 Marigold. I took up my fork and it became 
 heavy gold. Then I lifted the fish to my plate, 
 and by accident I touched its tail. It was turned 
 to as pretty a little golden fish as one could ever 
 hope to see. But it was certainly not to be eaten. 
 I picked up an egg to break it open. It was a 
 heavy mass of gold in my hand and so hot that 
 it burned my fingers. 
 
 What was to be done? I began to think I 
 should starve to death. Just then Marigold 
 came running into the room. She was a darling 
 
THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE WORLD 13 
 
 little girl, and this morning she looked very sweet 
 indeed. She started eating bread and milk after 
 she had curtsied good-morning. I watched her 
 with great envy. 
 
 I decided to make one last attempt to eat my 
 
 "Dear Father, what is the matter?" cried little Marigold. 
 
 breakfast. So I quickly crammed a hot oat 
 cake into my mouth, thinking I might swallow 
 it before it turned to gold. But the golden touch 
 was too quick for me. I found my mouth filled 
 with hot metal, and I jumped up and began to 
 stamp my feet, the pain was so great. 
 
 Marigold ran swiftly to me. "Dear Father, 
 what is the matter?" she cried, and started to 
 throw her arms about me. But at the first touch 
 
14 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 she suddenly stiffened, and the next instant my 
 little Marigold stood before me a golden statue. 
 
 In that moment I realized what a fool I was. 
 What was all the gold on earth to the pink in 
 my little daughter's cheeks? LIFE! That was 
 the most wonderful thing in the world! I looked 
 up with tears in my eyes and saw the stranger 
 standing in the door. 
 
 "Are you satisfied now, oh, King?" he asked. 
 
 "Oh, no," I cried, wringing my hands. 
 
 "Which would you rather have, a glass of 
 water or the golden touch?" 
 
 "Water!" 
 
 "A crust of bread or the golden touch? " 
 
 "The crust!" 
 
 "Little Marigold, warm and living in your 
 arms, or the golden touch?" 
 
 "Marigold!" I moaned. "One dimple in her 
 cheek is worth all the gold on earth." 
 
 The stranger smiled. : 'You have learned your 
 lesson well," he said. "Go bathe in the river 
 at the foot of your garden, and it will wash the 
 golden touch away forever. Sprinkle some of 
 the river water on whatever you wish changed 
 back from gold to its former state. Farewell!" 
 And the stranger was gone. 
 
THE MOST WONDERFUL THING IN THE WORLD 15 
 
 You may be sure I hastened to obey him. 
 The first thing I did after I came from the river 
 was to sprinkle some of the water over Mari- 
 gold. And there she was, a laughing little girl 
 again, very much surprised to find herself so 
 wet. 
 
 We went together and sprinkled the roses. 
 It was a great joy to me to see them turn from 
 ugly golden stiffness back to soft, pink, living 
 flowers again. Always remember this, children: 
 LIFE is the most wonderful thing in the world! 
 
CHAPTER II 
 DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS 
 
 It was Tom's birthday. On the floor of the 
 playroom a complete toy village was laid out. 
 Tom's father had given it to him, and both he and 
 Sally were very happy indeed. They had al- 
 ways wanted just such a village. 
 
 Supper was over and they were playing with 
 it before bedtime. There were five houses in 
 the village and a grocery, a school, a church, 
 and a Town Hall. All the houses were painted 
 white and had red roofs. A single street, shaded 
 with green trees, ran through the village. Just 
 beyond was a farm. 
 
 Sally loved the farm best of all. A little or- 
 chard grew beside it, and it was all in blossom. 
 A meadow covered with grass stretched beyond 
 the orchard. In it were a tiny red and white 
 cow, four speckled hens, and a shiny green and 
 black rooster. The farmer was walking in his 
 meadow. 
 
 On the porch of the farmhouse a woman was 
 sitting in a rocking chair holding a baby. A 
 
 16 
 
DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS 17 
 
 little boy and girl were in the yard. The grocer 
 stood in the door of his store. It was a wonder- 
 ful village and so clean and neat! 
 
 Tom and Sally took the farmer's family down 
 the street for a walk and brought them back 
 
 The toy village was shaded with green trees. 
 
 again. As Sally put the woman and her baby 
 into the chair on the porch, she thought how 
 cunning the baby looked asleep in his mother's 
 arms. "Oh dear," she sighed, "wouldn't it 
 be lovely if they could all come to life?" 
 
 "It would be fun," said Tom. "You know, 
 since we learned that life is the most wonder- 
 ful thing in the world, I've thought and thought! 
 What is life anyway?" 
 
18 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "Well, that is a question!" exclaimed a voice 
 behind them. They turned quickly, and there 
 stood an old lady in the doorway. "I am Dame 
 Nature," she said, smiling at the children. 
 
 "Won't you sit down, Dame Nature?" said 
 Tom politely. She looked very much like Grand- 
 mother, thought Sally, only she wore a green 
 gown, and her rosy face framed in white hair 
 looked strangely young. 
 
 She sat down on a footstool by the open fire. 
 "Life ' she said, as if she were thinking out 
 loud. "You see no one knows what that is, 
 not even I. But I have the seeds of life," she 
 said smiling. 
 
 "Oh, have you?" cried Sally and Tom to- 
 gether. "Please, won't you show them to 
 us?" 
 
 She shook her head. "You couldn't see them, 
 even if I did. They are very, very tiny. You 
 could hardly believe me if I told you how many 
 you could put on the point of a pin. These seeds 
 are exceedingly precious. I give them only to 
 plants, animals, and human beings. But even 
 though the seeds of life are so wonderful, they 
 cannot make anything live and grow without 
 help. Now, I think I heard Sally wishing that 
 
DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS 19 
 
 the toy village could be brought to life. Would 
 you like to have me try it?" 
 
 "Oh, yes," whispered Sally. She had never 
 dreamed of anything like that really happen- 
 ing. 
 
 Dame Nature put her hand deep down into 
 her pocket and pulled something out. The chil- 
 dren couldn't see 
 that she had any- 
 thing at all in her 
 hand. For all that, 
 she held it very care- 
 fully, palm upward, 
 as if she were afraid 
 of spilling some- 
 thing. Then she 
 turned her hand 
 over above the vil- 
 
 1-11 ^ r - Wind blew in through 
 
 lage. The children the window. vj 
 
 leaned forward ea- 
 gerly. Not a creature in the whole village 
 stirred. Everything was just as it had been be- 
 fore. It was a great disappointment. Sally, in- 
 deed, was ready to cry. 
 
 "Just as I said," muttered Dame Nature. 
 "We'll have to have a little help." She gave a 
 
20 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 long whistle. In through the open window blew 
 a tall, thin fellow with puffed-out cheeks. He 
 was wrapped in a long purple cloak that billowed 
 out above his head. 
 
 "Mr. Wind," said the Dame, "these children 
 and I are trying an experiment, and we decided 
 
 we would have to have 
 a little air. Will you 
 give some to this vil- 
 lage?" 
 
 "Certainly, Mad- 
 ame," said Mr. Wind, 
 bowing low. At the 
 same time he puffed a 
 great breath over the 
 village. The next mo- 
 ment the children heard 
 him whistling through 
 
 the trees outside. 
 
 Madame Rain sprinkled water 
 
 Sti11 tn ^ village re- 
 
 over the red roofs. mained as before. The 
 
 Dame clapped her hands lightly. A beautiful 
 lady came in through the window. She sounded 
 like rain pattering on the roof. "Madame Rain," 
 said Dame Nature, "will you kindly water this 
 village for us?" 
 
DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS 21 
 
 "With the greatest of pleasure, Madame," 
 she replied, as she shook her fingers above the 
 red roofs. Then out she ran, patter patter. 
 Tom was sure he saw 
 the farmer take a step, 
 and Sally thought she 
 heard the rooster crow. 
 But although the village 
 stirred gently like a baby 
 in its sleep, it was still 
 far from being really 
 alive. 
 
 "I'll have to call on my 
 Lord the Sun," said the 
 Dame. She went to the 
 window and sang a queer 
 little song. A long beam 
 of sunlight came tumbling 
 into the room and shone 
 on the village. "Thank 
 you, my Lord," called 
 Dame Nature. 
 
 The children began to 
 clap their hands. The village was coming to life 
 at last. The baby stirred and the woman started 
 to rock him. The boy and girl threw a ball back 
 
 My Lord the Sun sent a sun- 
 beam tumbling into the 
 room. 
 
22 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 and forth to each other. In the meadow the 
 rooster gave an unmistakeable crow. The farmer 
 walked around his farm with an air of great 
 
 pride. The grocer 
 went into his shop and 
 pulled up the shades. 
 
 But in a few min- 
 utes the movements 
 became slower and 
 slower. Tom saw that 
 the children's cheeks 
 were growing pale. 
 "Look!" he cried, 
 "they're going to die." 
 "To be sure!" said 
 the Dame. "We for- 
 got food. They can't 
 possibly live long with- 
 out that." She rang 
 
 Sir Food stepped out of the 
 
 a silver bell hanging 
 
 fireplace. 
 
 at her side. An odd little man stepped out of 
 the fireplace. He was short and fat and wore a 
 cook's cap and apron. "Sir Food," said the 
 Dame, "the people in this village are starving to 
 death." 
 
 "Oh my!" he cried, much distressed, "we 
 
DAME NATURE AND HER FIVE HELPERS 23 
 
 can't have that." He waved his fat hands over 
 the village and disappeared. The woman who 
 had been sitting on the porch got up and went 
 into the house. Smoke began to pour out of 
 the chimneys. The farmer found a pail and 
 started to milk the cow. The rooster and hens 
 began scratching for worms in the meadow. 
 
 Tom and Sally 
 were delighted. They 
 watched the little 
 people going about 
 the business of the 
 day for a long time. 
 Then they noticed 
 that the beam of sun- 
 light was slowly fad- 
 ing. The boy and 
 
 Lady Sleep shook her silver horn 
 girl Went to Sit on over the village. 
 
 the steps of the farm- 
 house, as if they were very tired. The baby gave 
 a little whining cry, and the woman tried to hush 
 him, but he cried harder than ever. The farmer 
 stopped digging in the orchard and sat down 
 under an apple tree. The blossoms on the trees 
 closed their petals. Dame Nature began to 
 croon a soft lullaby. A slender figure in gray 
 
24 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 slipped through the window and shook shining 
 dust from a silver horn over the village. The 
 children looked again. Trees, animals, and people 
 were fast asleep. "Nothing can live without 
 Lady Sleep," said Dame Nature very softly. 
 
 "Well, children," said a voice at the door, 
 "what did you learn in school to-day?" It was 
 their father. He was coming in to say good- 
 night, as he always did. 
 
 Tom rubbed his eyes and looked at the village. 
 Then he looked at Sally. She seemed puzzled 
 over something. "Why," replied Tom slowly, 
 "we learned that nothing can live and grow 
 without air and water and and," he stopped 
 to think. "Sunlight and food and sleep," fin- 
 ished Sally with a rush. 
 
 "That is very true," said Father. "If you 
 and Sally want to be healthy and happy all your 
 lives, you will always have for friends Fresh 
 Air, Pure Water, Sunlight, Good Food, and 
 Sleep. I think I hear Lady Sleep calling you 
 now," he ended with a smile, as he kissed them 
 good-night. 
 
CHAPTER III 
 
 THE NATURALIZATION LAW OF THE 
 LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Father looked up from the newspaper he was 
 reading. "Tony, the baker, is a citizen at last," 
 he said to Mother. "I saw him in the village 
 just before I came home for supper. He is giv- 
 ing a party to-night to celebrate." 
 
 Mother nodded her head. "I know about 
 it," she said. "I saw his wife this afternoon. 
 I believe she is just as pleased as Tony is." 
 
 The whole family was sitting about the open 
 fire in the living room. Tom and Sally were 
 playing checkers, but they stopped to ask about 
 Tony. He was a great friend of the children's 
 as he often gave them rides in the bakery wagon. 
 
 "Why is it such a wonderful thing to be a 
 citizen, Father?" asked Tom. 
 
 "There are many reasons, Tom," replied Fa- 
 ther. "When a person is a citizen of a country, 
 he is protected by the government of that coun- 
 try wherever he may be. If Tony should go to 
 Italy for a visit and be hurt there in any way, 
 
 25 
 
26 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 the United States would see that Tony was given 
 justice for his hurt. In most countries a citizen 
 also has the right to vote for the people whom 
 he wants to have govern his country and make 
 its laws. In return, he must obey the laws of 
 the country, and be loyal and true to the prin- 
 ciples for which it stands." 
 
 "But, Father," said Sally, "why did Tony 
 have to be made a citizen?" 
 
 "Well, you see, Sally, Tony wasn't born in 
 this country. He came from Italy a little over 
 five years ago. Now the law of the United States 
 says that if a person is not born here, he must 
 become naturalized if he wishes to be a citizen. 
 First, he must go to a judge and say that he 
 wishes to be a citizen. Then he receives what 
 we call his first papers. 
 
 "When he has lived here five years, he goes 
 before a judge again. The judge finds out whether 
 he understands the principles which the United 
 States stand for. He also sees whether the man 
 can speak and understand English. Then he 
 gives him a paper that makes him a citizen. 
 Tony went to get his first papers just a little 
 while after he landed in this country. To-day 
 he was given the second paper, which makes 
 
THE NATURALIZATION LAW 
 
 27 
 
 him a full citizen. Naturally he is very 
 proud." 
 
 "It's like being promoted in school. We get 
 a paper then," said Sally. 
 
 "Yes," replied Father, "it is a little like that. 
 Only it means very much more to Tony to be 
 
 Tony is proud to become a full citizen of the United States. 
 
 a citizen of the United States than it did to you 
 and Tom to be promoted from the third to the 
 fourth grade." Father went back to his paper 
 with a smile. 
 
 "Have you named your village yet, Tom?" 
 asked Mother, looking up from her sewing. 
 
28 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "No, I haven't," replied Tom. "Sally and 
 I can't think of a single name we like." 
 
 "You might call it Happy Village," said 
 Mother. 
 
 "That is a nice name, Mother," said Tom. 
 "I do think we'll call it that. Shall we, Sally?" 
 
 "It's a lovely name," cried Sally. "Let's 
 hurry and christen it." 
 
 They ran up to the playroom together. Tom 
 set to work with his paints to make a little sign 
 
 HAPPY 
 
 VILLAGE 
 
 that could be glued over the door of the Town 
 Hall. Sally began brushing the street of the 
 village with her doll's house broom. "You know, 
 Tom," she said, "if we had some of the mixture 
 that made Alice in Wonderland grow small when 
 she drank it, we could make ourselves little enough 
 to walk right down this street." 
 
 "I know it," said Tom, with a sigh. "Wouldn't 
 it be fun!" 
 
 The words were hardly out of his mouth be- 
 fore the children found themselves walking along 
 the village street! The strange thing about it 
 was that Tom and Sally hadn't become any 
 
THE NATURALIZATION LAW 29 
 
 smaller, but the village had grown larger. Under 
 a tree in the meadow Sally saw a familiar fig- 
 ure. "Why, it's Dame Nature," she cried. 
 
 The children ran toward her through the tall 
 grass. "Hello, Tom and Sally," she called. 
 "Do you like my village?" 
 
 "It's beautiful," panted Sally, throwing her- 
 self down in the grass. Tom seated himself on 
 a stone and fanned himself with a burdock leaf. 
 
 "Do you know where you are?" asked Dame 
 Nature. 
 
 "We're in Happy Village, of course," said 
 Tom. 
 
 "Yes, but do you know what country?" Tom 
 shook his head. "You are in the Land of Health," 
 replied the Dame. 
 
 "It's a lovely country," murmured Sally softly. 
 Indeed it was! A spicy wind blew through the 
 buttercups and clover in the meadow. Yellow 
 butterflies drifted in and out of the warm sun- 
 light and cool shadow. The green and black 
 rooster hopped up on a hillock, flung back his 
 head, and crowed joyously. Even the red and 
 white cow looked happy. Over in the farmyard 
 the children were having a jolly time running 
 races. 
 
30 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I should like to be a citizen of this country," 
 said Tom, putting down his leaf fan. 
 
 "Would you?" said the Dame. "I'm the 
 Queen here, you know. Perhaps I can arrange 
 it. I'll have to call in the Judge to explain the 
 law first, though." 
 
 She whistled, and in the wink of an eyelash 
 Mr. Wind stood beside her, his cheeks as puffy 
 as ever. "Mr. Wind," requested the Dame, 
 "will you ask the Judge to come here a mo- 
 ment?" 
 
 "Whish, whe-e-e-e," went Mr. Wind, and off 
 he blew. He came back almost immediately 
 with the strangest looking old gentleman the 
 children had ever seen. He wore a white wig 
 and a black gown, but he had only one arm, 
 and he appeared to be rather stiff. When he 
 moved, he rattled. "It's his weights, you know," 
 whispered Mr. Wind. "His name is Judge Scales." 
 And away flew Mr. Wind. 
 
 "Judge," said the Dame, "these children 
 would like to become citizens of the Land of 
 Health. Will you read them the law?" 
 
 The Judge cleared his throat. It made him 
 rattle worse than ever. Then he pulled a paper 
 from the folds of his gown and began to read: 
 
THE NATURALIZATION LAW 31 
 
 NATURALIZATION LAW OF THE LAND OF 
 HEALTH 
 
 1. Before any person is admitted to citi- 
 
 zenship, that person must learn the 
 laws and keep them. 
 
 2. He must weigh what is right for a 
 
 person of his height and age. 
 
 3. The citizens of this land are given 
 
 strong bodies and cheerful minds, 
 to make them happy and keep them 
 from harm for the rest of their 
 lives. In return, they must give 
 obedience to its laws and help pro- 
 tect it from the enemy. 
 
 The Judge bowed to Dame Nature and started 
 to walk away. "Oh, Judge, you forgot to give 
 them their first papers," cried Dame Nature. 
 
 "To be sure," mumbled the Judge. "I'm 
 so overworked these days that I'm getting absent- 
 minded." He pulled out two sheets of green 
 paper that looked like lettuce leaves. He handed 
 them to the Dame, who wrote Sally's name on 
 one and Tom's on the other. Sally read hers 
 out loud: 
 
 This is to certify that safy wishes 
 to become a citizen of the Land of 
 Health. 
 
32 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "Now then," said Dame Nature briskly, after 
 the Judge had left them, "you must start learn- 
 ing the laws. The very best way to do that is 
 to have my ministers give you lessons. You 
 
 Tom and Sally are happy when Judge Scales gives Dame Nature 
 their first papers. 
 
 know them, don't you? Their names are Mr. 
 Wind, Madame Rain, my Lord the Sun, Sir 
 Food, and Lady Sleep. I'll send Mr. Wind to 
 you to-morrow evening. Then I'll send the 
 others in turn until you know all the laws." 
 
THE NATURALIZATION LAW 33 
 
 "Time to go to bed, children," said their 
 mother's voice. 
 
 "Oh, Mother," cried Sally, giving a little jump. 
 "We are having such a lovely time playing with 
 the village. We don't want to go to bed yet." 
 
 "In just a little while," said Mother smiling, 
 "you will find yourself in the Garden of Dreams. 
 You and Tom want to be healthy, don't you, 
 so that you can play as hard as you like, and 
 learn your lessons easily? Well, the Garden of 
 Dreams lies in the Land of Health." 
 
CHAPTER IV 
 FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT 
 
 Smack! went the wind against the window- 
 pane, leaving a rather breezy kiss. "It's Mr. 
 Wind; he wants to come in," said Tom, looking 
 up from a book. 
 
 "Wait just a minute, Mr. Wind," called Sally. 
 She opened the window and whe-e-e-e, Mr. 
 Wind leaped over the sill. 
 
 "All ready for lessons?" he asked, walking up 
 and down the playroom. (He is a restless fellow 
 and can never sit still.) "Dame Nature tells 
 me that you children want to be citizens of the 
 Land of Health," he went on, "and she has sent 
 me to teach you the first law." 
 
 "What is the first law, Mr. Wind?" asked Tom. 
 
 "The first law is Breathe plenty of fresh air. 
 I move the air about, you know. I have a great 
 many different names. When I stir the air gently, 
 I'm called Breeze; and when I make it travel 
 very fast indeed, my name is Tempest. When 
 I take air in and out of buildings, I have a long 
 name, Ventilation. This name comes from an 
 
 34 
 
FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT 35 
 
 old word meaning little wind." He nodded 
 his head. "Yes, indeed, I have a great many 
 disguises, and sometimes it's very convenient, 
 I assure you. 
 
 "You see, air has to go everywhere or people 
 couldn't live. And yet you have no idea how 
 some people treat me. When they go to bed at 
 night, they shut all the windows and doors so 
 that I can't let any fresh air in. I have to boost 
 it in through the keyhole. Imagine that!" 
 
 "Why can't people live long without air, Mr. 
 Wind?" asked Sally. 
 
 "Because everything that lives must have the 
 magic gift that air brings them. It is one of 
 Dame Nature's laws. This gift is called oxygen. 
 Whenever you look at a fire, you see oxygen 
 at wbrk, for that is what makes the fire burn. 
 Your body must have oxygen to live, just as the 
 fire must have it to keep burning. 
 
 "You and Tom and all other human beings 
 have two little rooms, called lungs, in which to 
 receive air. You breathe it in through your nose 
 into your throat, and down a little passage- 
 way, called the windpipe, into the lungs. Then 
 you breathe it out again. Some of the blood 
 in your body meets the air when it is in the lungs 
 
36 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 and takes from it the magic gift of oxygen. This 
 gift is carried by the blood all over the body, 
 so that every part of the living material that 
 
 makes up your body, 
 even to the tips of 
 your fingers and toes, 
 shall have the oxygen 
 it needs. 
 
 "The blood also 
 gives something to 
 the air to take out 
 of the body." 
 
 "Tom, does your 
 father have to do 
 anything to the fur- 
 
 This shows the way fresh air reaches nace fire > besides P ut ~ 
 your lungs with its magic gift ting coal on it?" 
 of oxygen. TXTU -j 
 
 Why, yes, said 
 
 Tom. "He has to shake down the ashes and 
 take them out. Sometimes I help him," he added 
 proudly. 
 
 "Well," said Mr. Wind, "your body has left- 
 overs from living that it cannot use, just as the 
 furnace fire has ashes left over from burning. 
 Some of these left-overs pass from the blood to 
 the air when it is in the lungs. If your father 
 
FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT 37 
 
 never took out the ashes from the furnace fire, 
 the fire would go out. If the air never took waste, 
 from the blood, the body would die. The air you 
 breathe out is filled with this waste. 
 
 "When all the windows are shut in a room 
 where people are, I can't come in to move out 
 the air that has come from the lungs with its 
 load of waste. I can't bring in fresh air with 
 its magic gift of oxygen. The air in such a room 
 is stale and hot, and is full of the waste from 
 people's lungs and the smell from their bodies. 
 
 "Stale air is fresh air's wicked stepsister. She 
 steals the red from children's cheeks. She makes 
 them feel tired when they have been sitting in a 
 hot, stuffy room instead of playing out of doors. 
 She makes it hard for them to learn their lessons. 
 She puts a droop in their eyelids and, what is worst 
 of all, she puts crossness in their hearts. I have 
 no patience with stale air. I hustle her off 
 to be tidied up as soon as I come into a 
 
 room.' : 
 
 "But isn't fresh air ever dirty?" asked Tom. 
 "Sometimes when the window is wide open, I 
 see little specks of dust floating in the sun- 
 light." 
 
 "The air is always full of bits of dust that I 
 
38 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 can't help stirring up from the earth now and 
 then," explained Mr. Wind. "But Dame Na- 
 ture has provided for that. When the air goes 
 through the nose on its way to the throat, the 
 moist lining of the nose catches the dirt particles 
 and holds them back. The nose passages are 
 heated, so that the air is warmed before it reaches 
 the throat and lungs. Cold air full of dust is 
 very bad for the throat. That is why you should 
 always breathe through your nose and never 
 through your mouth. 
 
 "And now," said Mr. Wind smiling, "I'm 
 going to tell you a story." And this was his 
 story. 
 
 Once upon a time, Fresh Air lived at the end 
 of the world with her stepsister, Stale Air, and 
 her stepmother, Shut Windows. Her step- 
 mother didn't love her at all and would never let 
 her come into the house. She had to sleep in 
 the garden. Of course, Fresh Air rather liked 
 this arrangement. 
 
 One day Stale Air set out to seek her fortune. 
 She walked along until she came to a town where 
 all the people seemed in great distress. "Our 
 little princess is very sick," they cried, wring- 
 ing their hands. " Can you help her, oh, stranger? 
 
FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT 39 
 
 The king has offered a big reward to any one 
 who can." 
 
 Stale Air went to the palace and knocked at 
 the door. When she told the footman her er- 
 rand, she was taken to the bedroom of the prin- 
 cess immediately. "Ah-ha!" thought Stale Air, 
 as she looked around, "this is just the sort of 
 place I like." Heavy curtains were hung about 
 the bed where the poor little princess lay. Not 
 a window was open! Stale Air sat down on a 
 footstool by the bed. 
 
 Just then a little prince came in with a golden 
 ball in his hand. He had been crying. "My 
 father gave me this for my birthday," he said, 
 "but I cannot throw it high in the air, as the 
 village boys do with their ordinary balls." 
 
 "I should sell it and buy something that I 
 could play with in the house," replied Stale Air 
 with a wicked laugh. 
 
 In the meantime, Fresh Air also set out to seek 
 her fortune. 
 
 She soon came to the village where the little 
 princess lived. When she heard about the child's 
 sickness, she went to the palace to offer her serv- 
 ices. The king and queen took her to the room 
 where the princess lay, so pale and weak that 
 
40 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 she could hardly move. "And no wonder!" 
 cried Fresh Air, when she saw the heavy cur- 
 tains and the closed windows. Then she spied 
 Stale Air sitting on a stool at the foot of the 
 bed, sulking as usual. 
 
 The first thing Fresh Air did was to run to a 
 window and throw it open. "Mr. Wind," she 
 called, "come quickly!" I came with a rush, 
 and I hustled Stale Air out of that room in a 
 twinkling. Then Fresh Air sat by the bed and 
 fanned the little princess until she sprang up a 
 well as ever. 
 
 The little prince came in with his golden ball 
 and was much surprised to see his sister with 
 such rosy cheeks. "I wish some one could help 
 me throw this ball as high as the boys in the 
 village throw theirs," he said. 
 
 "Come out of doors, both of you," said Fresh 
 Air, "and I'll teach you." So they all ran out 
 to the palace garden. They stayed there all the 
 afternoon. When it was time to go in for supper, 
 the prince could throw his ball so high that it 
 looked like a golden star. And my, what ap- 
 petites those children had! 
 
 The king and queen were more grateful than 
 tongue can tell. They offered Fresh Air half 
 
FRESH AIR AND ITS MAGIC GIFT 41 
 
 of their kingdom. But she only asked that all 
 the bedroom windows in the palace be kept open 
 at night, and that the prince and princess be 
 allowed to play with her every day in the palace 
 garden. So they all lived happily ever after. 
 
 Fairy Fresh Air cures the sick princess. 
 
 As for Stale Air, I should like nothing better 
 than to shut her up forever with her stepmother, 
 Shut Windows, in the house at the end of the 
 world. 
 
 "And now, children," said Mr. Wind briskly, 
 before Tom and Sally could say a word, "this 
 is the first law. You must remember it al- 
 ways if you wish to be citizens of the Land of 
 Health. 
 
42 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I must always breathe fresh air 
 In rainy weather and in fair." 
 
 Mr. Wind then asked Tom and Sally these 
 questions to see if they understood the first law: 
 
 1. What is my name when I move air in and out of build- 
 ings? 
 
 2. Why is air necessary for every one? 
 
 3. How does air reach the lungs? 
 
 4. What does the air give to the blood that it meets in 
 the lungs? 
 
 5. What does the blood give to the air to take out of 
 the body? 
 
 6. What is stale air? 
 
 7. What does stale air do to the body? 
 
 8. What happens to the air on its way through the nose 
 to the throat? 
 
 9. Why must you breathe through your nose and not 
 through your mouth? 
 
 10. Why was the little princess in the story sick? What 
 did Fresh Air do to make her well? 
 
 11. What have you learned about your bedroom windows? 
 
 12. Why is it bad for people to sit or sleep in a room that 
 is not well ventilated? 
 
 13. I know a little girl named Ellen who once had a hard 
 cold. She decided not to open her bedroom window at night. 
 Why did Ellen feel worse instead of better in the morning? 
 
CHAPTER V 
 STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES 
 
 One afternoon in Indian summer Sally and 
 Tom went to the woods to gather nuts. On 
 the way home they sat down in a great heap 
 of warm, dry leaves to count their nuts. "One 
 two three four," counted Sally, as she 
 dropped them from a pile in her lap back into 
 her tin pail. 
 
 "Doing sums?" asked a voice politely from 
 the center of a little flurry of leaves. Tom and 
 Sally looked down, but they could see no one at 
 all. "Doing sums?" called a voice from the 
 tree tops. 
 
 "I know!" exclaimed Tom, jumping up. "It's 
 Mr. Wind. He has come to teach us the second 
 law." 
 
 "I knew you'd guess it," said Mr. Wind, step- 
 ping out from behind an oak tree. "We haven't 
 much time either before my Lord the Sun goes 
 down. The second law you must learn is Hold 
 your bodies straight and exercise your muscles.' 9 
 Mr Wind paced back and forth in front of the 
 
 43 
 
44 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 children, blowing leaves from the trees at every 
 
 word he spoke. 
 
 "Dame Nature built your bodies about a 
 
 framework of bones. This framework is called 
 
 the skeleton. If you 
 didn't have it, you 
 would be all limp 
 and floppy like the 
 wet clothes I blow 
 about on the clothes- 
 line. Just as your 
 body keeps your 
 clothes in shape 
 when you wear 
 them, so the skele- 
 
 J MUSCLE 
 
 ton keeps your body 
 
 Muscles move the bones by becom- ^ . , . 
 
 ing shorter and then stretching firm and Upright. 
 
 out again. Can you feel the 
 muscles in your arm working? 
 
 'Then Dame Na- 
 ture fastened mus- 
 cles to the bones. Muscles are like the elastic 
 bands in Tom's sling, only they are alive. They 
 move the bones by becoming shorter and then 
 stretching out again. If you didn't have mus- 
 cles, you couldn't move at all, unless I blew 
 you about once in a while. The muscles also 
 hold the bones in place." 
 
STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES 45 
 
 Mr. Wind reached his hand into one of the 
 folds of his long purple cloak and brought out two 
 pea pods. "I thought I remembered putting 
 them there last summer for just such an occasion 
 as this," he muttered with a satisfied air. 
 
 He broke open the first pod, which was long and 
 slim and straight. Then he showed the children 
 six peas, each touching the other and each one 
 as round and smooth as a pea should be. "That 
 is the way Dame Nature wants peas to grow," 
 said Mr. Wind. "She packs them away nicely 
 in a pod that is just big enough, and that will 
 grow along with them. But look at this," he 
 said, breaking open the other pod, which was 
 twisted and short. Six peas were inside, just as 
 in the first pod. But oh, what funny-looking 
 things they were! 
 
 They were all "scrooched" in together, as 
 Sally said, and each pea was dented and wrinkled 
 out of shape. "These two pods are from the 
 same vine," said Mr. Wind. "Dame Nature 
 started them both out properly, but something 
 happened to the twisted pod when it was grow- 
 ing. When growing things are young, they are 
 very easily bent out of shape. I don't know 
 exactly what happened to this pea pod, but it 
 
46 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 grew twisted. And the peas inside were fitted so 
 closely in the pod that they had to be twisted too. 
 
 "Now you know that your body is divided 
 into head, trunk, arms, and legs. In the bony 
 framework of the trunk, Dame Nature has packed 
 several very important parts of your body, just 
 as she packed the peas in the pod. When your 
 muscles hold your body straight, there is just 
 room enough for each part to do its work well. 
 But if you let your muscles get lazy and slack, 
 they will be unable to hold the bones in place. 
 And if the bony parts of the trunk are not held 
 in proper position, those important parts of the 
 body that are packed in the framework of the trunk 
 will be crowded together like the peas in the 
 twisted pod. Then they cannot do the work 
 that is necessary to keep the body well. Your 
 whole body will be out of shape too, instead of 
 straight and beautiful, as Dame Nature made 
 it in the first place." 
 
 "Oh dear," said Sally, "I wouldn't like that 
 at all, would you, Tom? The twisted pod was 
 so ugly and the straight one so pretty." 
 
 "That is another reason for holding the body 
 straight," went on Mr. Wind. "No one likes 
 to see a boy or girl slouching along the street 
 
STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES 47 
 
 with bent shoulders and dangling arms. I always 
 feel like blowing off their hats to make them run 
 and harden up their muscles. Sometimes I shout: 
 'Halt! Up with your head and chest! Shoulders 
 
 It makes Mr. Wind angry to see anyone slouching along the street. 
 
 back! Stomach in! Now then! Left right- 
 left right, and mind you walk on the balls of 
 your feet!' But they never understand me," 
 sighed Mr. Wind. "They just say: 'Hear the 
 wind roaring down the street!" 
 
 "Never mind, Mr. Wind," said Sally kindly. 
 "We'll know after this." 
 
 'That cheers me up quite a bit," said Mr. 
 Wind, drawing his hand across his eyes. "But 
 Tempest and Teapots! We must get on with 
 the lesson. You have learned that if you didn't 
 
48 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 have muscles, you couldn't move at all. Muscles 
 are very obliging little fellows. They are just 
 what you train them to be. If the days are too 
 short for all the things you want to do, and you 
 play and work with all your might, your muscles 
 become harder and stronger each day. If you 
 move only as much as you have to in order to 
 get about in the world, they become soft and 
 flabby. Training the muscles to be hard and 
 strong is called exercise. 
 
 "But what am I thinking of to let you children 
 sit still so long!" he said suddenly, and off he 
 whirled to the meadow at the edge of the wood. 
 He was back in a second, holding carefully in a 
 fold of his cloak two dandelions that had gone 
 to seed. 
 
 "I'm going to play a very old game with you," 
 he said. "I used to play it long ago with the 
 maidens of Greece. It is called the torch race. 
 The Greeks loved games, and every four years 
 they used to meet at a place called Olympia to 
 play them with each other. Foot-racing, boxing, 
 wrestling, quoit throwing, and jumping were 
 the things they loved best to do. 
 
 "The ancient Greeks had the strongest and 
 most beautiful bodies the world has ever known, 
 
STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES 49 
 
 because they exercised their muscles so often. 
 They knew, too, that there are many muscles in 
 the body, and so they played all sorts of games 
 to give each muscle a chance to become strong. 
 Perhaps you know that great athletic meetings 
 held in different countries for athletes from all 
 over the world are still called Olympic Games 
 in memory of these games of ancient Greece." 
 
 My Lord the Sun winked at Sally from behind 
 a low cedar tree. "Oh dear, Mr. Wind," she 
 cried, "it's almost time for the sun to go down. 
 Please won't you teach us the game?" 
 
 "Tempest and Teapots! I do talk a great deal," 
 said Mr. Wind smiling. "I notice it more and 
 more as I grow older. Well, each of you must 
 take one of these dandelions that have gone to 
 seed. The Greek maidens carried lighted torches, 
 but they were grown up. Children should never 
 play with fire. 
 
 "Each of you put your toes on this line," he 
 went on, blowing a furrow through the leaves. 
 "Now do you see that old beech tree over yonder? 
 We will all three run toward it. You must try 
 to keep me from blowing away all the little winged 
 seeds of the dandelion, just as the Greek maidens 
 tried to keep me from blowing out their torches. 
 
50 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 If all the seeds are gone when we reach the beech, 
 I win. If only one of you has any seeds left, 
 that one wins. If you both have seeds left, the 
 
 Tom and Sally hold up their heads and throw their shoulders back 
 as they get ready for the race. 
 
 one who gets to the tree first wins. Is that 
 clear?" 
 
 "Yes!" shouted Sally and Tom, all ready to 
 start. 
 
 "Then off we go!" cried Mr. Wind. 
 
 Sally and Tom held their dandelions behind 
 
STRAIGHT BODIES AND STRONG MUSCLES 51 
 
 their hands, but Mr. Wind managed to blow all 
 the seeds away except three from Sally's dande- 
 lion. 
 
 "Sally wins!" called Mr. Wind. "Well done, 
 my dear." Both children were laughing and gasp- 
 ing so hard that they could hardly speak. "Now 
 that is the reason why you should always ex- 
 ercise your muscles out of doors," said Mr. 
 Wind. 
 
 "What is the reason?" demanded Tom, when 
 he could speak. 
 
 "Why, the fact that you and Sally had to breathe 
 so fast after running hard. When your muscles 
 are working hard, they need plenty of fresh 
 air's magic gift of oxygen. And out of doors 
 is where fresh air has her home. 
 
 "Speaking of home," he went on, "you and 
 Sally must walk there just as fast as you can. 
 My Lord the Sun is going down, and besides, 
 after exercising so hard, you must keep moving 
 if you stay out of doors. I will walk across the 
 meadow with you as far as the apple tree. As 
 we go along, I will teach you the second law and 
 ask you questions about the lesson. This is the 
 second law that you must learn if you wish to 
 become citizens of the Land of Health: 
 
52 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I must hold my body straight, 
 
 Bold and fearless, all day long. 
 
 I must try, in work and play, 
 
 To make my muscles firm and strong." 
 
 These are the questions Mr. Wind asked: 
 
 1. Of what use is your skeleton? 
 
 2. How do your bones move? 
 
 3. How are the bones held in place? 
 
 4. What are the four main parts of the body? 
 
 5. What happens if you let your muscles get lazy? 
 
 6. Why must you hold your body straight? 
 
 7. What is the correct way to stand? 
 
 8. Show me the right way to walk. 
 
 9. How can you make your muscles firm and strong? 
 
 10. Why did the ancient Greeks have strong, beautiful 
 bodies? 
 
 11. Why should you exercise out of doors? 
 
 12. What kinds of exercise do you like best? 
 
 13. What should you do after exercising hard? 
 
 14. Repeat the first and second laws that a citizen of the 
 Land of Health must obey. 
 
 15. Richard walks with his head forward and his shoulders 
 bent. He says he wants to be a soldier when he grows up. 
 Richard's uncle took him to see a big military parade. What 
 do you suppose he wanted Richard to notice? 
 
 16. Alice and Irene made a daisy chain. Alice sat on the 
 steps and made the chain while Irene ran about in the field 
 and picked the daisies. Which girl was getting the most 
 out of her playtime? 
 
CHAPTER VI 
 AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE 
 
 "I believe it's going to rain to-night," said 
 Tom, opening the window in the playroom to 
 let in some fresh air. "The sky is covered with 
 clouds and I can't see a single star." 
 
 "Open the window a little more please," tin- 
 kled a voice on the roof. "This is Madame Rain. 
 Dame Nature has sent me to teach you the third 
 lesson." Tom opened the window wide, and 
 patter patter, Madame Rain slid into the room. 
 
 "I think I'll sit on the window sill," she said. 
 "I drip, you know, and your mother might not 
 like that." 
 
 Madame Rain was very pretty. She wore 
 a short silvery gray dress, and her arms and feet 
 were bare. On her ankles were wreaths of violets 
 and daffodils. "Now I know why rain always 
 smells like flowers," Sally murmured to her- 
 self. 
 
 "The third law of the Land of Health," began 
 Madame Rain, "is Drink plenty of pure water." 
 She shook a little shower from her finger tips. 
 
 53 
 
54 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "When the earth needs water, I bring it down 
 from the clouds. And when the clouds need 
 water, my Lord the Sun draws it up for them. 
 As the earth is covered with almost three 
 times as much water as land, I'm kept fairly 
 busy." 
 
 "We know that, Madame Rain," said Sally. 
 "Of course, the earth needs water to fill all the 
 rivers and seas. It's in geography. But why do 
 Tom and I need it?" 
 
 "Ever prick your finger?" asked Madame 
 Rain. 
 
 "Oh, yes," said Sally. "I did it this morning 
 in school when we were having the sewing lesson." 
 
 "And what came out?" 
 
 "Blood, of course." 
 
 "And what is blood?" 
 
 "Why why," stammered Sally, "it's just 
 blood." 
 
 Madame Rain smiled. Then she wrinkled 
 up her forehead. "Blood," she said, as if she 
 were trying very hard to remember, "is mostly 
 water. It's like a little river that flows through 
 every part of the body. However, blood is not 
 the only part of the body that contains water. 
 How much do you weigh, Tom?" 
 
AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE 
 
 "Sixty pounds/' said Tom promptly. He had 
 just been weighed in school that morning. 
 
 "Then about forty -five pounds of you is water," 
 said Madame Rain, laughing at the astonish- 
 ment on both the children's faces. "The body 
 
 1 
 
 Which law of the Land of Health are Tom and Sally obeying in 
 this picture? 
 
 is always losing water," she went on. "On a 
 hot day, or when you have been playing very 
 hard, you have noticed, haven't you, that your 
 skin is covered with fine drops of water?" 
 
 "Oh, yes," said Tom. "That is perspiration, 
 Mother says." 
 
 "Well, your body is always losing water through 
 the skin, even when you can't see it. You lose 
 water through your lungs too. You can see it 
 
56 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 in the air that you breathe out on a cold day. 
 That is always happening, whether you actually 
 see the water or not. Another way you lose water 
 is through the kidneys. 
 
 "As the body is made up mostly of water, 
 and as you are losing it all the time, you can 
 see that you need to take in a great deal or you 
 would dry up." 
 
 "Like Mother's flowers, when it didn't rain 
 for two weeks last summer," interrupted Sally. 
 
 "Just so," nodded Madame Rain. "Flowers 
 and trees, indeed all living things, are mostly 
 water. Human beings have sometimes man- 
 aged to live without food for a month, but they 
 can't get along without water for more than 
 five days. Some of the foods that you eat con- 
 tain a great deal of water, but the amount you 
 get in that way is not enough. You should drink 
 at least four glasses of water a day. Now I'm 
 going to tell you a story." And this was the 
 story. 
 
 After Water came into being her parents, a 
 powerful king and queen, invited several im- 
 portant people to the christening. Each one 
 gave Water lovely gifts and then told her for- 
 tune. Air said she would be very beautiful. 
 
AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE 57 
 
 Earth said she would be beloved. And so it 
 went. But as usually happens on such occasions, 
 one great person had not been invited to the 
 christening He had not been forgotten. In 
 fact, he had been left out for a very good reason. 
 His name was Fire. Fire is a genial, kindly per- 
 son when kept in his place; but the first time 
 he saw Water, the two began to quarrel and spit 
 at each other. So Fire had not been invited to 
 the party. 
 
 At the very last moment, however, he came 
 leaping in, very red and angry indeed. He stood 
 directly over Water's cradle and hissed: "Now 
 I will tell your fortune. Forever and ever, you 
 will spend part of your existence in the dark- 
 ness underground." 
 
 Of course, all the guests wept and made a great 
 fuss. They stood there wondering what to say, 
 when Dame Nature came in. She didn't seem 
 at all worried. 
 
 In a quiet voice she said: "There is nothing 
 to feel bad about. In fact, it was I who decided 
 that water should spend part of the time under- 
 ground." She, too, went over and stood by 
 Water's cradle. "You have a great future," 
 she said. "All life everywhere will depend upon 
 
58 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 you. On the earth you will fill great hollows 
 and cracks in the ground and be called seas and 
 rivers. You will become part of the bodies of 
 all living things. When men start to build new 
 homes or new cities, when they go out to seek 
 adventure in peace or war, the first thing they 
 will think about is Water. For they cannot live 
 without you. 
 
 "When you are brought down from the clouds 
 by Madame Rain, part of you, it is true, will 
 
 sink into the earth. 
 You will trickle down 
 through sand and grav- 
 el until you reach hard 
 rock, and then you will 
 flow slowly along it to- 
 ward the ocean or the 
 bed of a river or lake. 
 
 Sometimes you will 
 
 This is how Dame Nature makes bubble up through the 
 
 sand or gravel to make 
 
 a spring. Or perhaps men will dig down through 
 the earth until they reach the rock over which 
 you flow. Then you will rise up through the 
 hole they have made and be called a well. 
 
 "The part of you that doesn't sink into the 
 
AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE 59 
 
 earth will fall into brooks and lakes and rivers 
 and seas. Ships will sail upon you to distant 
 countries; children will play beside you. It is 
 true that you will be beautiful and beloved. 
 
 "You will be taken in great pipes to the cities 
 from lakes and rivers, or from places where you 
 will be especially stored for that purpose. When 
 you reach the cities, you will be carried through 
 smaller pipes into the houses of the people. 
 
 "I am sorry to say, however, that you can 
 bring harm to mankind. When you come down 
 from the clouds, you will always be pure and 
 clean. But on the earth there are seeds of sick- 
 ness, called germs, that live in the waste from the 
 bodies of animals and human beings. Some- 
 times people are careless and let this waste mat- 
 ter get into the lakes, rivers, wells, or springs 
 from which they drink. The people who drink 
 of you after you have been made unclean in this 
 way are likely to become ill. But there is one 
 way in which they can get rid of these germs." 
 
 Dame Nature paused in her talk and looked 
 at Fire. "You meant to be unkind when you 
 foretold that Water should spend part of the 
 time underground. You will be punished by 
 knowing that it is you that will help mankind 
 
60 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 keep Water pure and safe to drink. No germs 
 can live in boiling water, and whenever people 
 are not sure that their drinking water is clean, 
 they will heat it over Fire until it boils. Then 
 they can cool it and it will be perfectly safe to 
 drink." 
 
 When Fire heard this, he looked very sulky, 
 and shortly afterward he left the party. All the 
 guests were made happy again by Dame Na- 
 ture's fortune-telling, and they danced until their 
 slippers hopped into the air. Of course, every 
 word that Dame Nature said came true, as it 
 always does. 
 
 "I think I'll get a drink," said Tom suddenly. 
 Madame Rain threw back her head with a little 
 tinkling laugh. "Hurry up then," she said. 
 "It's almost bedtime." 
 
 Tom ran out to the well and pumped a pitcher 
 of cool water. After he and Sally had each had 
 a drink, Madame Rain taught them this law 
 about drinking water: 
 
 Four glasses full of water 
 I must drink each day; 
 
 If I'm not sure 
 
 That it is pure, 
 I'll boil the germs away. 
 
AN UNDERGROUND TREASURE 61 
 
 When Tom and Sally were snug in their beds, 
 Madame Rain asked them these questions about 
 the lesson: 
 
 1. If a boy weighs sixty pounds, about how many pounds 
 are made up of water? 
 
 2. In what ways does your body lose water? 
 
 >3. How can you replace the water that the body loses? 
 4. I know a little girl who once said she didn't see any 
 use in drinking plain water. What would you say to her? 
 You might begin by asking her if she has noticed how plants 
 look when they are thirsty. 
 
 5. Tell the travels of a raindrop from the time it leaves 
 the clouds until it is pumped out of a well. 
 
 6. In what ways is water necessary to people when they 
 build houses? 
 
 7. How does water reach a house in the city? 
 
 8. What does fire do to help us? 
 
 9. What do we mean when we say that fire is all right 
 when it is "kept in its place?" 
 
 10. What harm does fire do? What is generally the cause 
 of this harm? 
 
 11. In what way does water become harmful to human 
 beings? 
 
 12. How can you make certain that the water you drink 
 is pure? 
 
 13. One day when George and Harry were off fishing, 
 George started to take a drink from the brook. Harry told 
 him not to. What reasons could Harry give for not drinking 
 that water? 
 
CHAPTER VII 
 KEEPING CLEAN 
 
 It was a rainy Saturday, and Sally and Tom 
 were spending the afternoon playing with the toy 
 village. Sally had a dolls' tea set, and she was 
 having a make-believe tea for the farmer's fam- 
 ily. "I'm going to ask Mother if I can have 
 a real tea party," she said suddenly. 
 
 She ran to find her mother and soon came 
 back with pitchers of hot water and milk, a bowl 
 of sugar, and some small square pieces of bread 
 and butter. She made "cambric tea" in the 
 dolls' teapot with the hot water and milk. 
 
 When she was all ready to begin, with the 
 farmer's family sitting in the doll chairs, a little 
 tapping was heard at the window. "Let me in 
 let me in," tinkled a voice like a silver bell. 
 
 "It's Madame Rain," said Sally. "She wants 
 to come to the party." 
 
 Tom, who was repainting the red roof of the 
 farmhouse, ran to open the window. Just as he 
 did so, a sunbeam fell through the rain, leaving 
 a long trail of lovely colors behind it. "Oh, 
 
 62 
 
KEEPING CLEAN 63 
 
 come and see the rainbow!" he shouted to 
 Sally. 
 
 "You might look at me first," said the tinkling 
 voice. "It's not at all polite to forget your guests." 
 
 "I'm sorry," apologized Tom, spying Madame 
 Rain on the window sill. "I didn't see you, 
 until now." Indeed, Madame Rain was very 
 tiny. You might almost have put her into a 
 thimble. And she was wearing a different dress. 
 It shimmered and changed colors like the rainbow 
 that still glowed in the sky. 
 
 "I thought I'd be a sunshower, while you are 
 having tea," she explained. "It's rather un- 
 comfortable sitting here on the window sill." She 
 slipped across the room and sat on one of the doll 
 cups that Sally turned upside down for her. Then 
 with her feet crossed on the rim of the saucer, 
 she demanded, "All ready for the fourth lesson?" 
 Suddenly she broke off to look at Sally's hands 
 that were busy among the tea things. "I hope," 
 she said severely, "that you and Tom washed 
 your hands before beginning this tea party." 
 
 The children blushed. "Well, no, we didn't," 
 replied Tom. "We always do before regular 
 meals, because Mother makes us. But why 
 should we, Madame Rain?" 
 
64 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I'll tell you after your hands are clean," 
 said Madame Rain, whose face only dimpled 
 more than ever, when she tried to look stern. 
 "You see," she said, when the children came 
 back with their hands quite clean, "little enemy 
 
 This is what Tom and Sally do to keep their body castles clean 
 
 and neat. 
 
 germs that cause sickness are always trying to 
 get into your body. If you touch the food you 
 eat with unclean fingers, these germs may get 
 into your mouth and may make you sick. So, 
 to be citizens of the Land of Health, you must 
 always wash your hands before meals. 
 
 "You must never eat fruit or any other foods 
 that come from places where dust and dirt are 
 
KEEPING CLEAN 65 
 
 allowed to settle on them, unless you can peel 
 them or wash the dirt off, or cook the food to 
 kill the germs." 
 
 "I know," said Sally wisely. "Mother always 
 puts all the food away before she sweeps, and 
 she stopped buying things from Brown's grocery, 
 because he didn't keep his food covered." 
 
 Madame Rain nodded. "Your mouth is the 
 easiest way for germs to get into the body, as 
 that is the main entrance. Mr. Wind told you 
 how your nose catches dust particles so that they 
 won't reach the lungs. All the rest of your body 
 is surrounded by a wall that keeps you snug and 
 warm and protects you from harm." 
 
 Tom looked surprised. "I don't see any wall," 
 he protested, as he looked down at himself. 
 
 Sally clapped her hands. "I guess!" she cried. 
 "It's the skin, isn't it?" 
 
 "Right!" said Madame Rain. "Each one of 
 you is a little walking castle. You have two 
 watch towers 
 
 "Eyes!" exploded Tom. 
 
 "And two listening posts." 
 
 "Ears! "cried Sally. 
 
 "And a gate to the castle which you can open 
 for food to pass through, but which you must 
 
66 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 close at the approach of an enemy. Just inside 
 the gate, which we call the lips, are several little 
 white millstones to grind the food before it goes 
 farther into the castle. In the courtyards, which 
 we call the mouth and nose, are two very keen 
 and alert watchmen, named Taste and Smell, 
 who examine everything that comes in, to see if 
 it should be allowed to enter. 
 
 "On the outside wall of the castle, the Touch 
 watchmen are stationed night and day. If the 
 castle is attacked by anything that will cause 
 harm, they sound the alarm by making you feel 
 pain. They know when things are hard or soft, 
 rough or smooth, cold or hot. Indeed, these 
 watchmen tell you a great many things about 
 the outside world that you would never know if 
 they weren't there. 
 
 " You must take great care of the watch towers 
 and the listening posts of your body castle. Sight 
 and hearing are two of Dame Nature's most 
 precious gifts. When you read at night, the 
 light should be strong and clear and should come 
 over your left shoulder. Fine print is hard on 
 your eyes, and it is bad for them if you read too 
 long at a time. One more thing to remember is 
 to keep your eyes clean. Never touch them with 
 

 KEEPING CLEAN 67 
 
 a soiled handkerchief or towel or rub them with 
 dirty fingers. 
 
 "You can take care of your ears by avoiding 
 colds and by keeping everything out of them 
 except a clean washcloth every morning. The 
 germs from a cold in the head sometimes run 
 up a little pathway from the throat to the ear. 
 This often causes earache, and deafness might 
 follow. I have known children, too, who became 
 deaf as a result of poking pencils or other things 
 into their ears." 
 
 "I had an earache once," said Tom. "My, 
 it was terrible!" He shivered at the thought. 
 
 "Well, now you know how to keep from getting 
 another," replied Madame Rain. She smiled at 
 Tom and went on with the lesson. "The wall of 
 your body castle is filled with a great many tiny 
 pipes that have their opening on the outside. 
 Through these pipes some of the waste matter of 
 the body is poured out. Mr. Wind told you that 
 the air takes away waste from the blood in the 
 little rooms called lungs. Another way the blood 
 gets rid of waste is through these pipes in the 
 castle wall. Most of this waste, which we call 
 perspiration, is made up of water. 
 
 "On a hot day, or when the body becomes 
 
68 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 heated by exercise, the pipe openings become 
 wider. Then so much perspiration comes out 
 that you can see it on the outside of the skin. This 
 perspiration bath is one way of cooling the body. 
 
 SWEAT 
 GLAND 
 
 HAIR, 
 
 SCARF 
 SKIN 
 
 TRUE 
 SKIN 
 
 VEIN 
 
 ARTERY 
 
 This shows how the waste matter comes out through 
 your skin. What else can you learn from the pic- 
 ture? It gives you some idea of what could be 
 seen in the skin if you looked through a magnify- 
 ing glass. 
 
 On cold days the pipe openings partly close, but 
 the waste is often flowing out, even though you 
 can't see it. 
 
 "When the water from perspiration dries up, 
 the waste matter in it is left standing on the skin. 
 Unless this waste matter is washed off, the open- 
 ings become clogged, and the skin has an un- 
 
KEEPING CLEAN 69 
 
 pleasant odor. To keep the skin healthy and 
 clean, you should take a full bath with warm water 
 and soap at least twice a week. As your face and 
 hands are always gathering dirt and dust, they 
 should be washed before every meal. In the 
 morning, if you don't take a full bath, you should 
 bathe face, arms, neck, and chest and rub them 
 dry with a rough towel. 
 
 "Finger nails and toe nails are a part of your 
 skin. They should be kept clean and neatly cut. 
 Your hair is the roof of your body castle. Always 
 remember to brush it smooth and wash it at least 
 once a month. Unless you do all this, you will 
 look like an abandoned castle, instead of one 
 whose owner takes great pride in it. 
 
 "Sometimes a breach is made in the castle 
 wall; that is, the skin is cut, bruised, or burned. 
 Then the enemy germs go riding through in tri- 
 umph. But the body is ready for them. In the 
 blood there are special little warriors trained to 
 throw themselves into the breach and fight the 
 germs. You can help these warriors very much 
 if you will get your mother or father to wash 
 the cut and bind it up with clean cloth. Then 
 no more germs can go through, for the chariots 
 in which they ride are dust and dirt. 
 
70 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "However, the easiest way for the germs to 
 get into the body is through the main entrance, 
 the mouth. It is necessary to keep the inside 
 
 What is Sally doing to defeat the enemy germs in 
 this picture? 
 
 of the mouth clean, as well as everything that 
 you put into it. 
 
 "Within this main entrance to the body are 
 the white millstones that grind the food. These 
 stones are " 
 
 "The teeth!" cried Sally and Tom together. 
 
 "Exactly! Dame Nature is generous, for she 
 

 KEEPING CLEAN 
 
 71 
 
 gives you two sets of teeth. The first set began 
 to drop out when you were six years old, and you 
 will have your new set of twenty-eight, when you 
 are twelve. When Dame Nature thinks that you 
 have learned to take care of the twenty-eight, 
 she gives you four more, 
 to make the full set of 
 thirty-two. 
 
 "Sally, did you ever 
 watch your mother grind 
 up meat to make sand- 
 wiches for your school 
 
 lunch r Is this a picture of your first 
 
 set of upper teeth or the 
 second set? How do you 
 know? 
 
 "Oh, yes," replied 
 Sally. 
 
 "What does she do first?" 
 
 "She cuts the meat into small pieces with a 
 sharp knife. Then she puts them through the 
 meat chopper." 
 
 "That is exactly how the teeth handle the food 
 that goes into your mouth. The sharp front teeth 
 bite off the food, and the flat-topped back ones 
 grind it up. But what happens to the meat 
 chopper after the meat is ground?" asked Madame 
 Rain with twinkling eyes. 
 
 "Little pieces of meat are caught in it, so Mother 
 
72 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 washes it with a brush and puts it back in the 
 closet." 
 
 "The same thing happens to your teeth. Little 
 particles of food are caught in the spaces between 
 the teeth after eating. If this food is left there, 
 it decays, and a harmful substance called acid 
 is formed in it. Now the teeth are surrounded 
 by a little white wall, called enamel, to protect 
 the soft inside, just as your body is surrounded 
 by the skin. The acid in the decayed food eats 
 a hole through the enamel wall, and then all 
 sorts of little germs can walk into the tooth. 
 These germs cause toothache, and sometimes 
 they destroy the tooth, so that it has to be pulled 
 out. 
 
 "To keep your teeth clean and white and beau- 
 tiful as Dame Nature meant them to be, you must 
 clean the teeth with a brush after eating, just 
 as Mother washes the meat chopper after using 
 it. If you can't clean the teeth after every meal, 
 they must always be brushed night and morning. 
 Citizens of the Land of Health never forget to do 
 it. Up and down, and round and round like this 
 
 i 
 
KEEPING CLEAN 
 
 73 
 
 is the best way to get out all the little food par- 
 ticles. 
 
 "As it is impossible to keep all germs away from 
 the teeth, you should go to a dentist twice a year. 
 A dentist is a man who has studied about teeth 
 for a long time, and he knows just how to fill up 
 
 Can you recite the law of the Land of Health that Tom and Sally 
 are obeying in this picture? 
 
 the little holes and drive the germs away from the 
 inside of the tooth." 
 
 Madame Rain jumped down from the tea cup. 
 "I see that my Lord the Sun is calling me away," 
 she said. "So you must learn the fourth law of 
 the Land of Health as quickly as possible. This 
 is it: 
 
74 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I must give the best of care 
 To my skin and to my hair; 
 Twice a week at least, I know 
 That I must bathe from head to toe." 
 
 "There is a special law about brushing the 
 teeth," added Madame Rain. "When you say 
 it, you must make the motions of brushing your 
 teeth with your forefinger. Repeat it after me, 
 please, and both of you make your fingers go up 
 down and round and round as I do." So she 
 stood up in front of the children and taught 
 them this tooth-brushing law and the motions 
 that go with it: 
 
 Up and down, 
 And round and round, 
 I brush my teeth, 
 To keep them sound. 
 To keep them sound 
 And clean and white, 
 I brush them morning, 
 Noon, and night. 
 
 When Tom and Sally knew the fourth and fifth 
 laws perfectly, Madame Rain flew to the window. 
 "I'll ask you questions about the lesson on the 
 next rainy day," she said, as she slipped over the 
 sill. 
 
KEEPING CLEAN 75 
 
 Here are the questions Madame Rain asked: 
 
 1. Why should you wash your hands before going to the 
 table? 
 
 2. Barbara's mother bought some big red apples at the 
 fruit stand on the corner. When she gave the bag to Barbara, 
 she said, "You mustn't eat any until we get home." Why 
 did she say this? 
 
 3. What is the main entrance to your body and why must 
 it be guarded? 
 
 4. What does the skin do for the body? 
 
 5. Tell about the gate and the courtyards of the body 
 castle. 
 
 6. Who are the watchmen? 
 
 7. What do Taste and Smell do for us? 
 
 8. What does Touch do for us? 
 
 9. One dark rainy afternoon I looked in at the window of a 
 house not very, far away. In front of the fire a boy and 
 girl were reading. The boy said, "We need a light," but 
 his sister said, "Oh, no, we don't. It's only four o'clock." 
 Which one do you think was right? Explain why. 
 
 10. What is perspiration? 
 
 ^_11. What must you do to take care of your skin? 
 
 12. What must you do when the skin is cut or bruised? 
 .. 13. How do your hair and finger nails show whether you 
 take pride in your body castle? 
 
 14. Of what use are your teeth? 
 
 15. Why must you clean your teeth? 
 
 16. How does the dentist help you in taking care of your 
 teeth? 
 
 17. A little girl once said, "The dentist hurts more than a 
 toothache does." Was she right or wrong? Explain your 
 answer. 
 
CHAPTER VIII 
 WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 
 
 Sally and Tom sat on the floor in front of the 
 playroom fire roasting chestnuts. It was great 
 fun. Tom put the chestnuts on the fire shovel 
 and held them over the coals. Then pop! they 
 flew out into the room and Sally picked them up. 
 There was one especially large chestnut that took 
 a long time to roast. Suddenly it gave a tre- 
 mendous pop and flew into Sally's lap. Out of 
 the crack, in its side stepped a red-faced little 
 man in a cook's apron, who began dusting him- 
 self all over with his cap. "I say," he began, 
 "that was no way to treat a fellow." 
 
 "I'm sorry, Sir Food," apologized Tom. "We 
 had no idea you were in that chestnut." 
 
 "I wasn't," interrupted Sir Food, "but that's 
 neither here nor there. Dame Nature tells me 
 I am to give you children lessons about food. 
 I can't do it here," he went on, looking about 
 him. "No facilities!" 
 
 "Please, Sir Food, what are facilities?" asked 
 Sally. 
 
 76 
 
WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 
 
 77 
 
 ''That is neither here nor there," said Sir Food, 
 who didn't know in the least what they were 
 himself. "Whenever I say words that you don't 
 
 Sir Food makes a speech about food. Do you know what he is 
 
 saying? 
 
 understand, ask Professor Dictionary about them. 
 And never interrupt," he ended severely. 
 
 Sally and Tom looked frightened. Sir Food 
 seemed to be a peppery little man. 
 
 "There, there," he went on kindly. "I'm 
 hot-tempered, but I don't mean a thing by it, 
 not a thing." He climbed down from Sally's 
 knee and strolled over to the fireplace. Putting 
 his hand deep into his pocket, he pulled out some- 
 
78 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 thing which he threw into the fire. Pop! the 
 grate and the coals flew up the chimney. 
 
 There in the same spot appeared a cunning 
 little kitchen. A shiny black cook stove stood 
 against the rear wall, and on either side hung 
 gleaming pans and kettles. A row of bins could 
 be seen against the wall on the right, and on the 
 left wall a sink with bright silver faucets stood 
 next to a closet door. There was a long white 
 table in the center of the room. 
 
 "It's the tidiest little kitchen I've ever seen," 
 whispered Sally, almost as if she were afraid to 
 speak for fear it would disappear. 
 
 "Well," said Sir Food sharply, "it has to be. 
 Who ever heard of a kitchen in the Land of Health 
 that wasn't clean and tidy?" He began to strut 
 importantly up and down on the hearthstone in 
 front of the kitchen. Then he cleared his throat 
 and began: "Without food, nothing can live. 
 If you forget to put fresh coal on the fire, it goes 
 out. If you give the body no food, it dies. Be- 
 sides keeping the body alive, food does three 
 things: it gives the body power to move, it keeps 
 it warm, and it makes it grow." 
 
 Sir Food stopped striding up and down and 
 mopped his forehead. "That's over," he said 
 
WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 79 
 
 with a sigh of relief. "I always hate making 
 speeches. But what I've told you is very im- 
 portant. Never forget it," he ended, drawing 
 his eyebrows down to make himself look fierce, 
 and not succeeding at all. 
 
 "Now I'm going to show you how I make 
 food," he continued, walking over to the bins 
 
 . 
 
 STARCH SUGAR FAT 
 
 PROTEIN 
 
 SALTS SEASONING 
 
 Sir Food kept in bins the substances out of which foods 
 are made. 
 
 standing against the right wall of the kitchen. 
 "In these bins I keep the substances out of which 
 I make food. In this one," he went on, opening 
 the bin nearest the back wall, "is starch, in the 
 next is sugar, and in the next fat. These three 
 things keep the body warm and give it the power 
 to move. The body burns them up to make 
 heat and moving power, just as the steam engine 
 burns coal to make itself go. 
 
 "In this next bin is the substance that makes 
 the living stuff of your body grow. It is called 
 protein. In the fifth bin I keep my salts. There 
 are several different kinds. The one I call lime 
 
80 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 helps build your bones. Without it, your skeleton 
 would be soft and flabby. 
 
 "Now in this last bin," went on Sir Food mys- 
 teriously, as he lifted the lid, "is my magic sea- 
 soning. Without it, people would become sick. 
 Would you like to have me make some foods for 
 you?" 
 
 "Oh, yes, please do," begged the children. 
 
 Sir Food went over to the sink and washed 
 his hands. Then he dried them on a clean towel. 
 "The very first thing I do when I start to make 
 food is to wash my hands. If you wish to be 
 citizens of the Land of Health, you must see that 
 every one keeps clean who handles the food that 
 you and other people eat. Madame Rain told 
 you why, didn't she?" 
 
 The children nodded. 
 
 "Very well; now the first food that I'll make for 
 you is milk. Milk is the best food there is for 
 children." Sir Food opened a closet in the left 
 wall and took out several measuring glasses. "I 
 use these because I have to be very careful of the 
 different amounts," he explained. "These glasses 
 are measured off in one hundred equal parts, and 
 each part is numbered from one to one hundred. 
 When the glass is full, I know the food is done. 
 
WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 
 
 81 
 
 First I'll put water into this glass until it reaches 
 number eighty-seven. Now I put in five parts 
 of sugar, and four parts of fat to keep you warm 
 and active, and a little over three parts of protein 
 
 WATER 
 
 PROTEIN 
 SUGAR 
 
 SALTS 
 This is what milk is made of. 
 
 or growing material; next I add a good pinch of 
 lime and other salts for your bones and teeth. The 
 glass is just about full, but not quite, so I sprinkle 
 in a little magic seasoning. I stir it around and 
 presto ! there you have milk. 
 
 "You see milk contains a little of everything 
 in just the right amounts to keep you warm, to 
 help you work and play, and to make you grow. 
 The body needs a great deal of water, as Ma- 
 dame Rain told you, and so I put plenty into 
 milk. Indeed, it is the best food in all the wide 
 
82 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 world for boys and girls who want to grow and 
 to work and play hard. So drink at least a pint 
 a day, and more if you can. 
 
 "The next food I'll make is oatmeal. Ah, 
 that's a fine food ! Just wait and see. First I put 
 in water, and then over sixty-six parts of sugar 
 and starch. Just think how warm that is going 
 
 to keep you on winter 
 mornings. I put in about 
 seven parts of fat and 
 over sixteen parts of grow- 
 ing material. Then I 
 sprinkle in quite a bit 
 from the bin of salts. 
 There you are!" exclaimed 
 Sir Food, turning out oat- 
 meal into a nice big 
 saucer. "Now put milk 
 and sugar on that, and 
 
 \7ATER 
 
 -*- PROTEIN 
 
 SUGAR 
 
 AND 
 
 OTHER SALTS 
 
 This is what carrots are 
 made of. 
 
 you couldn't find a better food for breakfast, to 
 keep you healthy and happy all day long. 
 
 "Now I'll make you a carrot." Sally puckered 
 up her nose. "You don't like carrots, eh? Well, 
 you should. Carrots, indeed almost all vege- 
 tables, are good for children, because the magic 
 seasoning and salts in them are especially fine. 
 
WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 83 
 
 You couldn't possibly get along without them. 
 To make a carrot, I put in water and sugar, 
 and a sprinkling of all the other things. But 
 the quality of the salts and the seasoning is the 
 main thing. Here is a yellow mold. Into it I 
 pour the contents of the glass, and behold! you 
 have a carrot. 
 
 "An egg is a very good food too. About three 
 quarters of it is water, and the rest is fat and pro- 
 tein. There is no sugar or starch at all in an egg," 
 
 Are the foods in this picture growing or energy foods? 
 
 Sir Food went on. "I make meat in much the 
 same way as eggs. 
 
 "Almost all the foods can be divided into two 
 classes. One class contains foods in which there 
 are large amounts of sugar, starch, and fat; they 
 are called energy foods. That is, they give the 
 body fuel to burn, so that it can keep warm and 
 have the power to move. The other class contains 
 foods in which there is plenty of protein, and these 
 are called growing foods. 
 
84 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "Sugar, cereals, potatoes, and butter are a 
 few of the energy foods. Some growing foods are 
 cheese, meat, eggs, peas, and beans. Milk is 
 both an energy food and a growing food. You 
 should eat some of each kind of food every day 
 to be healthy and strong." 
 
 What do the foods in this picture do for your body? 
 
 " It takes a great deal of care and thought to 
 plan meals that will keep your body at its best. 
 I will give you a list of things to eat for break- 
 fast, dinner, and supper for two days, as an ex- 
 ample. Here it is: 
 
 " 1. For breakfast, a dish of hominy with milk, 
 a baked apple, brown bread and butter, and a 
 glass of milk. For dinner, one slice of broiled 
 bacon, poached egg and spinach, fresh green 
 peas or beans, bread and butter, and rice pud- 
 ding. For supper, cream of tomato soup, a baked 
 potato with plenty of butter, ginger cookies, and 
 a glass of milk. 
 
 "2. For breakfast, a dish of oatmeal with milk, 
 
WHAT FOODS ARE MADE OF 85 
 
 stewed prunes, bread and butter, and a glass of 
 milk. For dinner, lamb stew with vegetables, a 
 boiled potato, bread and butter, a cup of cocoa (half 
 milk), and custard. For supper, rice and milk, a 
 baked banana, fruit cookies, and bread and butter." 
 
 Sir Food took the measuring glasses that he 
 had used in making foods over to the sink and 
 washed them carefully in running hot water. 
 "Always wash in clean hot water the dishes 
 you use in cooking and in eating," he said, "and 
 wipe them on a clean towel. The germs are 
 always trying to get into your mouth, because 
 they can harm you only when they are on the 
 inside. So never forget the rules of cleanliness. 
 
 "Attention, please! Now let me see if you can 
 answer a few questions. " 
 
 These are the questions Sir Food asked: 
 
 1. If you had a little house all your own, what would you 
 be most careful about in your kitchen? 
 
 2. What does food do for the body? 
 
 3. Out of what substances are foods made? 
 
 4. Which food substances keep the body warm? Name 
 some things you eat that are in this class of foods. 
 
 5. Which food substances give the body the power to 
 move? What have you eaten to-day that is in this class of 
 foods? 
 
 6. What food substances make the body grow? Name 
 some growing foods that you like. 
 
86 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 7. Make a rule that should be followed by every person 
 who handles food. 
 
 8. Why is milk the best food there is for children? 
 
 9. When Frank had dinner with his uncle in a city res- 
 taurant, Uncle Fred said he might choose anything he wanted 
 from the menu card. Frank decided to have roast beef, lima 
 beans, peas, and a custard made with eggs. Do you think 
 Frank's choice was wise or foolish? Explain your answer. 
 
 10. What would you order if your uncle took you to a 
 restaurant for dinner? 
 
 11. Write a list of things that you think would make a 
 good breakfast for a citizen of the Land of Health. 
 
CHAPTER IX 
 AN ENCHANTED CASTLE 
 
 The snow had come at last. For over a week, 
 every time the sky looked gray, Sally and Tom 
 had watched for the first snowflakes; and now 
 they had come, on tiptoe in the night. The whole 
 world was tucked under its white winter blanket 
 by morning. Sally and Tom could hardly wait 
 to be bundled into warm coats and caps so that 
 they could go out to find their playmates and 
 romp in the snow. Fortunately it was Saturday, 
 and they had the whole long day to play. 
 
 However, it started to snow hard again in the 
 afternoon, so the children came in to play by the 
 fire. Mother made them take off their wet clothes 
 and put on dry ones. 'You see," she explained, 
 "when your clothes are wet, the warmth of your 
 body runs away very quickly, and then you 
 take cold." 
 
 When the children were snug and dry by the 
 fire, they heard a funny little crackling noise 
 in the chimney, and Sir Food stepped out on the 
 hearthstone. He seemed pleased to see the chil- 
 
 87 
 
88 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 dren's cheeks so rosy, and their eyes so bright 
 and sparkling. "That's right," he said, rub- 
 bing his hands. "The more you play out of 
 doors, the bigger your appetites will be. Be sure 
 
 Why are Tom and Sally changing their clothes? 
 
 you eat the right foods though!" he ended ex- 
 plosively. Sir Food went off exactly like a fire- 
 cracker sometimes, but the children had learned 
 that he didn't mean anything by it. 
 
 "Please won't you tell us a story?" asked 
 Sally coaxingly. "You never have, you know." 
 
 "Well, well," sighed Sir Food, "I suppose 
 
AN ENCHANTED CASTLE 89 
 
 I must, but it will be about the lesson. That's 
 what I've come for. To-day you must learn the 
 sixth and seventh laws of the Land of Health. 
 
 "Once upon a time a beautiful princess lived 
 in an enchanted castle. The enchantment caused 
 the castle to be kept warm inside, to grow larger 
 as the princess grew, and to move about with 
 her. Whenever the princess wanted to go any- 
 where, she took the castle along. This was a 
 great convenience, as the princess never had 
 to worry about not having a castle to be enter- 
 tained in. It's not at all worth the trouble of 
 being a princess, I assure you, unless you can 
 count on having a castle. 
 
 "Now this princess had a great many serv- 
 ants. One of the most important was the steward. 
 He was given charge of keeping the enchantment 
 working. Ah! ha! You thought enchantments 
 kept right on working without any help, didn't 
 you? But there you are wrong. You have to 
 keep at them night and day. I know! 
 
 "In the workrooms of the castle, the steward 
 took the building blocks and the coal that the 
 princess supplied, and with his magic tools he 
 trimmed the building blocks until they were the 
 right shape, and he broke up the coal until it 
 
90 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 was the right size. Then he took them out on a 
 long wharf and dumped them into the castle 
 moat. 
 
 "A moat is a ditch containing water around 
 the outside of a castle, but the moat of this castle 
 was on the inside. A little engine kept the water 
 in the moat moving around so that it could carry 
 the building blocks and the coal wherever they 
 were needed." 
 
 At this point in the story, Sally looked as if 
 she might burst if she had to keep still any longer. 
 So Sir Food stopped and asked her if she liked 
 it. 
 
 "It's really a riddle, isn't it?" demanded Sally, 
 not answering his question. "And we have to 
 guess it. I guess that the castle is the body." 
 
 "Right," said Sir Food, "and you are the 
 princess." 
 
 "The building blocks and the coal are differ- 
 ent kinds of food," cried Tom, not liking to be 
 left out. "But who is the steward, Sir Food?" 
 
 "The steward is named Mr. Digestion. When 
 the food comes into the mouth, he takes his first 
 set of tools, the white millstones called teeth, 
 and grinds the food into a soft mass. He mixes 
 it with a juice called saliva, and then he takes 
 
AN ENCHANTED CASTLE 
 
 91 
 
 it down a long hall into a workroom named the 
 stomach. There he pours more juices into it 
 and shakes it around until 
 the food is almost ready 
 for use in the body. 
 
 "Then Mr. Digestion 
 squeezes it out of the 
 stomach through a narrow 
 door to a long wharf. 
 This wharf is the small 
 intestine. A few more 
 juices are mixed in it there, 
 and then it is thrown into 
 the castle moat. Now the 
 castle moat that I've been 
 talking about is made up 
 
 of the blood vessels of the This shows the route that 
 i j mi_ .1 i fd must follow before 
 
 body. These are the tubes the blood carries it all 
 
 through which the blood over the body. 
 
 flows. The blood carries the food all over the 
 body. It is kept in motion by the little engine 
 pump called the heart. 
 
 "From my first lesson, you know that some of 
 the foods make the muscles and bones grow; they 
 are the building blocks. Some feed the fire that 
 \eeps the body warm and gives it the power to 
 
92 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 move; they are the coals. That is the way, my 
 dears, that Mr. Digestion keeps the enchantment 
 of the castle working. 
 
 "But I haven't finished my story yet, by any 
 means," continued Sir Food. "If you have ever 
 watched masons chipping stone, you know that 
 little pieces fly off that aren't of any use. In 
 coal there are often small pieces of slate or other 
 stones that won't burn. Food also contains some 
 waste matter. So Mr. Digestion hustles the bits 
 of food that can't be used along the wharf and 
 pushes them down a waste pipe, called the large 
 intestine. There they stay until they leave the 
 body altogether. 
 
 "We call food that Mr. Digestion doesn't 
 use undigested food. Undigested food in the 
 intestines, or bowels as they are usually called, 
 decays and forms harmful substances. That is 
 the reason why you should get rid of the waste 
 matter every morning. If you don't do this, 
 the blood carries the harmful substances from the 
 decayed food all over the body. Then you feel 
 tired and sleepy in the morning. Your head 
 aches, and sometimes, I regret to say, you are 
 very cross. The harmful substances that cause 
 all this trouble are poisons. 
 
AN ENCHANTED CASTLE 93 
 
 "Long years ago real princes and princesses 
 used to have pages taste their food before they 
 ate it. This was done because they had many 
 enemies, and sometimes the enemies tried to 
 poison their food. The pages were learning to 
 be knights, and by protecting the lives of their 
 masters they showed their bravery. 
 
 "The princes and princesses that live in the 
 castle of the body have pages too. You would 
 never guess who they are. These pages are little 
 pains. You never thought of pains as friends, 
 did you? But just think a minute. If your 
 finger didn't hurt when you put it on a hot stove, 
 you might keep it there until it was badly burned. 
 If the pages didn't give you headaches and 
 stomach aches, you might let the decayed food 
 stay in your body until you became very sick. 
 Indeed, these pages tell you very quickly if there 
 are any poisons in the castle. 
 
 "Clean, pure food never brings poisons into 
 the body; and if undigested food doesn't have a 
 chance to decay in the intestines, no poisons are 
 formed. But there are some enemies that make 
 believe they are friendly foods and bring poisons 
 into the body with them. These enemies seem 
 very pleasant at first. They make the body feel 
 
94 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 warm and strong for a while, but soon you are 
 told by the pain pages that they are poisons. 
 These enemies are tea, coffee, and alcohol. They 
 are what grown-up people call stimulants. 
 
 "Stimulants have the same effect on the body 
 that kerosene has on fire. Kerosene makes the 
 
 When you drink tea or coffee, the pain pages tell 
 you they are poisons. 
 
 fire very hot for a moment, but it quickly dies 
 down. Sometimes grown-up people use stimu- 
 lants, like tea or coffee, to make their body fires 
 burn brighter for a little while. But the fires 
 in children's bodies are always bright and never 
 need stimulants. Besides, the poisons in tea 
 and coffee are much more harmful for children 
 than for grown-ups. 
 
AN ENCHANTED CASTLE 95 
 
 "In drinks that contain alcohol, such as beer 
 and wine, the poisons are stronger than in tea 
 or coffee. They should never be used by children 
 or grown-up people either. 
 
 "When children drink tea or coffee, the pages 
 give them all sorts of little aches. Their hearts 
 beat too fast and their hands tremble. Then 
 they can't run races or play games as well as other 
 children. They are often dull at their lessons 
 too. 
 
 "Some children pay no attention to the little 
 pain pages, because they like the taste of coffee 
 or tea and the pleasant feeling it gives them for a 
 little while. But pleasures that last for a few 
 minutes aren't worth so much as clear brains and 
 steady hands, are they? 
 
 "Citizens of the Land of Health give their bodies 
 clean, pure foods to make them grow and to keep 
 their fires burning steadily and clearly. They 
 never let in the enemies, tea, coffee, and alcohol, 
 who wear smiles on their lips and evil in their 
 hearts. 
 
 "It's almost time for you to get ready for supper 
 now, so we will end the lesson by learning the 
 sixth and seventh laws of the Land of Health." 
 
 This is the sixth law 
 
96 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Every day I must take pride 
 In cleaning out myself inside. 
 
 When Sally and Tom knew the sixth law per- 
 fectly, they learned this one: 
 
 * Coffee, alcohol, and tea, 
 I know are very bad for me. 
 
 These are the questions that Sir Food asked 
 the children about his second lesson: 
 
 1. What happens to food in the mouth? 
 
 2. What do you think would happen if you swallowed 
 food without giving the teeth a chance to do their work? 
 Do you sometimes do this? 
 
 3. After you swallow the food, where does it go? 
 
 4. What is done to make this food ready for use in the 
 body? 
 
 5. After it is ready for use, how does the food reach the 
 different parts of the body? 
 
 6. What is the work of the heart? 
 
 7. Can all the food that we eat be used by the body? 
 
 8. What does Mr. Digestion do with the material he 
 can't use? 
 
 9. Why should waste matter be cleared out of the body 
 each morning? 
 
 10. Why are the little pains in the body our good friends? 
 
 11. What are some of the food enemies that a citizen of 
 the Land of Health will avoid? 
 
 12. What can these enemies do to harm us? 
 
 13. Jack and Harold were the fastest runners in the class. 
 Harold began drinking coffee and had a cup of it every 
 morning for breakfast. Which boy do you think won the 
 boys' race at the class picnic in June? Give your reasons. 
 
CHAPTER X 
 TRAINING MR. TASTER 
 
 Sally and Tom were in the kitchen making 
 molasses candy. After it was cooked, Tom set 
 the pans of hot candy in the snow to harden. 
 Then he and Sally scraped out all that was left 
 in the kettle and licked it from their spoons with 
 great enjoyment. When the kettle was quite 
 empty, who should jump out of the bottom and 
 perch himself on the rim but Sir Food ! 
 
 "Now that candy is all right," he approved. 
 "Not a thing in it but pure sugar and butter 
 and molasses. What I object to is this painted 
 candy full of impure, make-believe sugar that 
 children seem so fond of buying. But you mustn't 
 eat too much candy, even if it is pure," he ended, 
 shaking his finger at them. 
 
 "We know," said Sally. "Mother won't let 
 us buy any candy at all, but she lets us make 
 it. Then we eat it after meals. She told us 
 to-night just to eat the scrapings out of the 
 kettle." 
 
 "That's right," nodded Sir Food. 
 
 97 
 
98 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I don't see why," Tom broke in. "I just 
 love candy." 
 
 "Well," said Sir Food good-naturedly, "you 
 remember the story of the three little pigs who 
 went out to seek their fortunes. One met a man 
 with a load of straw. He begged for the straw 
 to build himself a house; but when he had the 
 house finished, a wolf came along, and he huffed 
 and he puffed and he blew the straw house down. 
 
 "The same thing happened to the next little 
 pig, who built his house of sticks. The last little 
 pig built his house of brick, and the wolf couldn't 
 blow it down, no matter how hard he huffed and 
 puffed. 
 
 "Now when you eat too many sweets, you 
 lose your appetite for other foods, and then you 
 are like the little pigs who built their houses of 
 straw and sticks. You couldn't build a strong 
 body out of candy and cake and pie, I assure 
 you. But bodies that are built with the help 
 of brown bread and butter and milk and oatmeal 
 can stand the huffing and puffing of any number 
 of enemies." 
 
 "I read a story in my fairy book the other 
 day," said Sally, "about a boy and girl named 
 Hansel and Gretel, who were lost in the woods. 
 
 

 TRAINING MR. TASTER 99 
 
 They found a darling little house all built of 
 pieces of candy and cake." 
 
 "Who lived in the house?" asked Sir Food 
 with a smile. 
 
 "An old witch," replied Sally. 
 
 "If any children should try to build their 
 bodies of candy and cake, I'm afraid an old witch 
 named Bad Health would come and live with 
 them. Oh, I know you love sweet things. All 
 children do. And sweets like home-made molasses 
 candy, maple sugar, honey, and dried fruits are 
 good for you, if you eat them only after meals. 
 Of course, citizens of the Land of Health re- 
 member not to eat too many sweets, even then. 
 As for eating between meals, Mr. Digestion 
 doesn't like to have you take anything between 
 meals, except a little fruit perhaps or a glass 
 of milk." 
 
 "Why not?" asked Tom, whose mother had a 
 hard time breaking him of the habit of nibbling 
 between meals. 
 
 "Tom, suppose your father asked you to chop 
 a pile of wood and you worked hard to finish it. 
 Then suppose that, instead of letting you rest 
 after you had chopped up the first pile, he gave 
 you a few more sticks to chop, and then a few 
 
100 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 more. If he kept giving you little piles of wood 
 to chop all day long, with no rests between, 
 wouldn't you get very tired?" 
 
 "I should say so!" exclaimed Tom. "It makes 
 me tired just to carry in wood." 
 
 Sir Food smiled. "Then you can imagine how 
 Mr. Digestion feels when he sees more food com- 
 ing into the mouth, after he has worked three 
 or four hours to make the food you ate at break- 
 fast ready for the body to use. It's no wonder 
 he asks the little pain pages to tell you to give 
 him a rest once in a while. 
 
 "But Mr. Digestion has other troubles too," 
 went on Sir Food. "I have great admiration for 
 him when I think how well he bears most of 
 them. Take pickles, for instance. Pickles are a 
 great trial to Mr. Digestion because the vinegar 
 in them makes them tough and hard to break 
 up. Then there are doughnuts and fried meat 
 and all other fried foods. Sometimes they settle 
 down in the stomach, and Mr. Digestion can't 
 do a thing with them. Then the little pain pages 
 tell you very plainly that Mr. Digestion doesn't 
 like that kind of food at all. 
 
 "He manages sometimes to get such foods 
 into the waste pipe without much trouble; but 
 
TRAINING MR. TASTER 101 
 
 dear me! he isn't very well paid for his work. If 
 you eat sweets, pickles, soda water, and fried 
 foods, instead of fruit, vegetables, milk, and 
 eggs, Mr. Digestion isn't able to give the body 
 
 The pain pages tell you when Mr. Digestion doesn't 
 like the food you give him. 
 
 the building material and fuel it needs to grow 
 straight and strong. So remember that citizens 
 of the Land of Health always give Mr. Digestion 
 the right kind of foods. 
 
 "After all, it's just a matter of training Mr. 
 Taster. He lives in your tongue, and he likes 
 whatever he's used to. People in the South Sea 
 Islands eat raw fish and like it, because they're 
 accustomed to it. Little Eskimo children would 
 probably rather have a drink of castor oil than a 
 
102 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 glass of soda water. In India people like much 
 more pepper in their food than you do, because 
 their taste has been trained to like it, and yours 
 hasn't. 
 
 "In every country in the world, the people like 
 to eat the things they're used to eating. So train 
 
 The blood flows through the body in tubes called 
 blood vessels. Here is a picture of the blood 
 vessels of the hand. 
 
 Mr. Taster by eating the foods that you know 
 are good for your body, whether you like them 
 at first or not. Soon you will find that Mr. Taster 
 likes milk much better than soda water. A slice 
 of brown bread spread thick with fresh yellow 
 butter will taste sweeter than frosted cake. Try 
 it and see! 
 
 "Now I will tell you one more way that you 
 can help Mr. Digestion. You know that the 
 blood is the transportation system of the body. 
 
TRAINING MR. TASTER 103 
 
 That is, it carries fuel and building material and 
 oxygen to the parts of the body that need them, 
 and carries away waste. When any part of the 
 body is working, that part needs the blood more 
 than the other parts, because it uses up the various 
 materials faster and gives off more waste. 
 
 "Your muscles need a great deal of blood when 
 you are exercising them. When Mr. Digestion 
 is working, he needs extra blood too. So if you 
 exercise your muscles directly after a meal, you 
 will take away the blood from Mr. Digestion just 
 when he needs it most. Then he will have to 
 work more slowly, or not at all, until the muscles 
 are through with their blood. Sometimes you 
 study hard after eating, and then your brain 
 needs blood; or you take a hot bath, and all the 
 blood rushes to the skin. The best plan is to 
 play quiet games or rest for half an hour after 
 eating and let Mr. Digestion have enough blood 
 to start his work. 
 
 "I'm going to end my last lesson by telling 
 you a pretty story that the god Mercury told 
 me long ago. One day he and Jupiter, the king 
 of the gods, went walking on the earth. They 
 came at evening to a humble cottage where an 
 old couple named Baucis and Philemon lived. 
 
104 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Baucis and Philemon were very poor, but they 
 never hesitated to share their simple food with 
 any stranger who asked their hospitality. 
 
 'We were tired and footsore/ said Mercury, 
 'and so we begged shelter and food of the good 
 old people. They had just had their own supper 
 and they were very much ashamed of. the fare 
 they set before us. When we sat down to eat, 
 we found an earthen pitcher filled with milk, 
 two eggs baked in the hot ashes, half a loaf of 
 brown bread, a little honey, and two bunches 
 of grapes. Not much, to be sure; but at my first 
 bite of bread and honey, I thought I was back 
 on Mount Olympus. It tasted even sweeter 
 than ambrosia, the food of the gods. What is 
 more, the milk pitcher never seemed to be empty, 
 no matter how many bowls we filled from it. I 
 looked at Jupiter, and he smiled gravely, but he 
 didn't say a word. 
 
 "Later, when we were alone, I asked him if 
 he had changed the food to nectar and ambrosia. 
 He shook his head. "Simple food, served with 
 loving-kindness and eaten in peace and content- 
 ment tastes sweeter than all the nectar and am- 
 brosia on Mount Olympus," he answered. "As 
 for the milk pitcher, I thought it was about time 
 
TRAINING MR. TASTER 105 
 
 that mortals learned the wonder of milk, so I 
 decreed that at least one pitcher containing it 
 should never be empty." 
 
 "And that," said Sir Food, "is the true story 
 of the miraculous pitcher. I wish that every 
 boy and girl in the world had one now. It's time 
 for you to go to bed, but it won't take long to 
 teach you the eighth law of the Land of Health. 
 This is it: 
 
 " The proper foods for me to eat 
 Are simple ones and clean. 
 A pint of milk each day I need, 
 And vegetables green. 
 The time to eat is during meals, 
 And never in between." 
 
 These are the questions that Sir Food asked: 
 
 1. Make a list of the things you have eaten in the last day 
 or two. Are you building your house of straw and sticks 
 or of bricks? 
 
 2. Charles spends every penny he can get for candy. His 
 mother wonders why he is never hungry at mealtimes. Do 
 you know why? 
 
 3. Dorothy's aunt says that she almost dreads to have a 
 visit from Dorothy because it is so hard to cook for her. 
 Dorothy says she does not like eggs, milk, carrots, lettuce, or 
 spinach. What ought Dorothy to do? Why? 
 
 4. What happens when you eat too many sweets? 
 
 5. Why shouldn't you eat between meals? 
 
106 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 6. Name some foods that you had better not eat and 
 tell why. 
 
 7. What foods are good for you? 
 
 8. How can you train your taste so that you will like 
 good foods? 
 
 9. Do you remember how uncomfortable you felt all 
 last Tuesday afternoon? Perhaps you will think of the 
 reason when you remember that you ran all the way back 
 to school after hurrying through your luncheon. What was 
 Mr. Digestion trying to tell you? 
 
 10. What can you do to help the body digest the food 
 you give it? 
 
 11. Tell the story of the miraculous pitcher. 
 
 12. What do you think of this as a motto for a home in 
 the Land of Health? 
 
 Simple food, served with loving -kindness and eaten in 
 
 peace and contentment tastes the sweetest. 
 What can you do to live up to this motto? 
 
CHAPTER XI 
 STORED SUNLIGHT 
 
 Sally had six narcissus bulbs growing in a 
 bowl of pebbles. Mother had told her to keep 
 the bowl on a low table by the window in the 
 playroom so that it could have plenty of sunlight. 
 The green leaves and flower stalks grew very 
 quickly. One afternoon when Sally and Tom 
 went into the playroom to put fresh water into 
 the bowl, they found that one of the flower buds 
 had opened. As Sally leaned over to smell it, 
 a ray of light slid in through the window and 
 landed bump against the opposite wall. 
 
 The children thought something had fallen 
 from the table. But when they turned to look, 
 to their astonishment they saw a tall fellow dressed 
 in green sitting on the floor with his back against 
 the wall and his legs crossed in front of him. 
 
 "My Lord the Sun's compliments," he said 
 smiling, as he saw the surprise on the children's 
 faces. "He is sorry that he cannot come in per- 
 son to give you the lessons on sunlight, but he 
 finds himself unable to leave the sky just now. In 
 
 107 
 
108 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 fact, he doesn't quite know what would happen if 
 he did. However, it doesn't matter. 
 
 "I am one of my Lord's courtiers. There are 
 six of us, and our names are Red, Orange, Yellow, 
 Green, Blue, and Violet. I am Green. You 
 needn't stand," he added kindly. "Just sit 
 down anywhere." He waved his hand with a 
 lordly air. After the children were seated, he 
 began: 
 
 "My Lord the Sun is a most important person. 
 He gives the earth so many blessings that in 
 the old days, before people knew any better, he 
 was worshipped as a god. The Greeks called 
 him Apollo and thought that he drove the chariot 
 of the sun across the heavens from east to west 
 every day. That mistake used to make my 
 Lord the Sun very angry. He is much better 
 pleased now, for although men no longer worship 
 him, they know how great he really is. Even 
 children like you know that the earth moves 
 around my Lord the Sun. 
 
 "He gives three gifts to the earth: light, heat, 
 and energy. Without them, nothing could live. 
 Have you noticed, Sally, that the narcissus plants 
 always lean toward the light that comes in through 
 the window?" 
 
STORED SUNLIGHT 109 
 
 "Oh, yes," said Sally. "No matter how often 
 I turn them around, they always look as if they 
 were bending forward on tiptoe to see something 
 that is going on out of doors." 
 
 "All plants and trees and flowers turn toward 
 my Lord the Sun, because he gives them life," 
 
 Stored sunlight 
 
 explained Green. "In their leaves are little green 
 cells that soak up sunlight as a sponge soaks up 
 water. This sunlight gives the plants energy 
 to live and grow. If you should put a plant in a 
 dark closet and left the door open a crack, the 
 plant would send out a long stem until it reached 
 the light coming through the crack. That shows 
 how important sunlight is to the life of plants, 
 It is pleasant to think, isn't it, that whenever you 
 eat vegetable foods like lettuce and spinach, you 
 are eating stored sunlight? 
 
 "Plants are the only living things that can take 
 
110 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 the gift of sunlight energy directly from my 
 Lord the Sun. All other living things must get 
 it from plants or from animals that eat plants. It 
 is this sunlight that gives you the power to live and 
 grow and move about. Without the energy 
 from my Lord the Sun, no living thing would be 
 on the earth. 
 
 "My Lord the Sun loves the earth," went on 
 Green, "but there are some things on it that he 
 hates. These are the germs of sickness. When- 
 ever he sees one, he kills it with his hot arrows. 
 But sometimes people won't let the sun shine 
 into all the corners of their houses. Then the 
 germs hide with dust and dirt in the dark. 
 
 "In cities, great buildings that hold hundreds 
 of families sometimes stand so close together 
 that no light can get into many of the rooms. 
 Then my Lord the Sun can't reach the germs of 
 sickness with his arrows. In most cities now, 
 men are forbidden by law to build tenements so 
 close together that some rooms must always be 
 without sunlight and fresh air. Citizens of the 
 Land of Health who live in cities must see that 
 those laws are kept." 
 
 Green looked up at the window suddenly. "My 
 Lord the Sun is calling me!" he exclaimed. 
 
STORED SUNLIGHT 111 
 
 "You must learn quickly what he does to the 
 germs." 
 
 Tom and Sally soon knew this rime by heart: 
 
 If you want the germs to run, 
 Let them see my Lord the Sun ! 
 
 As Green was leaping over the window sill, 
 he called back, "My Lord the Sun will ask you 
 the questions on the lesson to-morrow morning 
 when you are walking to school." 
 
 These were the questions he asked: 
 
 1. How do growing plants show that they want sunlight? 
 
 2. What are the three gifts that the sun gives the earth? 
 
 3. How do we get sunlight energy through plants? 
 
 4. What things on earth does the sun hate? 
 
 5. Why is it important to let the sunlight into our houses? 
 
 6. Do you know any dark corners indoors where enemy 
 germs can hide? 
 
 7. Some children wanted to play in an old deserted house. 
 The windows had been boarded up, and the house smelled 
 damp and musty. Why was the children's mother afraid to 
 have them play there? 
 
CHAPTER XII 
 CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 
 
 It was the first night that Sally and Tom were 
 to sleep on their new sleeping porch. Father 
 had built it for them so that they could have 
 plenty of fresh air. Mother bundled them into 
 their warm woolly suits and caps, tucked them 
 into their beds, and kissed them good-night. 
 "Go right to sleep now, children," she called 
 as she went down the stairs. 
 
 But they didn't go to sleep. Oh, no! for who 
 should come blowing up but Mr. Wind! "I'm 
 glad you have warm night clothes on," he said, 
 "for my Lord the Sun has asked me to take you 
 on a journey. Hop in here," he said to Sally, 
 holding open a big pocket in the left side of his 
 cloak. Sally hopped in. She was very much 
 excited at the thought of going on a journey. Tom 
 jumped into the right cloak pocket and whe-e-e-e, 
 off they flew. 
 
 The earth below in the moonlight looked very 
 far away. "Just like the toy village," thought 
 
 Sally. And the stars in the Milky Way were as 
 
 112 
 
CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 
 
 113 
 
 large as cobblestones, only of course much more 
 beautiful. 
 
 As they flew along, the sky grew lighter and 
 lighter, and then quite suddenly my Lord the 
 
 4. 
 
 Mr. Wind comes to take Tom and Sally on a journey. 
 
 Sun poked his head up over a hill and laughed 
 at them. "I hope you have a pleasant journey," 
 he called. "Here's your guide," and that same 
 moment a tall man dressed in a lovely shade of 
 yellow landed on Mr. Wind's back. "I'm Yellow," 
 he said. 
 
 Mr. Wind drew in a big breath of air and made 
 
114 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 himself so big that the ends of his cloak covered 
 half the sky. "That's better," the children heard 
 him say. "Now then, Yellow, where do you want 
 to go first?" 
 
 "South America," said Yellow. 
 
 In a moment the children saw that they were 
 flying over the ocean. Tiny ships steamed along 
 beneath them. Sea gulls perched on the flying 
 ends of Mr. Wind's cloak and dipped and soared 
 with them. Mr. Wind shouted at the birds: 
 *'Be off, I'm too busy to give you a ride to-day." 
 So the sea gulls flew down to ride the ocean waves. 
 
 Soon they were flying over the land again. The 
 trees grew very close together and were covered 
 with vines. Strange bright-colored birds flew in 
 and out of the branches. "Here we are," called 
 Yellow suddenly. "Light on that rubber tree, 
 Mr. Wind." 
 
 Mr. Wind made himself small and flew down 
 to the top-most branch of the tree. In a little 
 clearing near a river Tom and Sally saw a cluster 
 of huts made of poles and palm leaves. Several 
 little brown children, with no clothes on at all, 
 sat on the ground playing with some sticks. A 
 man wearing a single piece of cloth was fishing 
 from the bank of the river. Two women, with 
 
CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 115 
 
 skirts woven from the bark of palm trees, seemed 
 to be roasting meat on the coals of a little fire. 
 
 "You see," said Yellow, "my Lord the Sun 
 sends his rays straight down here all the year 
 round, and so the weather is always hot. This 
 part of the earth is in the torrid or hot zone. 
 Natives of this zone wear little clothing, because 
 they do not need it to keep warm and their 
 skins are used to the hot sun rays. People who 
 come here from other lands wear very light, loose 
 clothing to protect their skins from the heat." 
 
 Tom and Sally began to feel very warm indeed 
 in their woolly suits. "If you stayed here long," 
 said Yellow, "you would have to wear clothes 
 made of white cotton, and they would need to 
 be very loose so that the air could reach your 
 skin and keep it as cool as possible. But now we 
 must go to another country. Greenland, please, 
 Mr. Wind." 
 
 With a rush Mr. Wind bounded out of the tree 
 and up into the sky. Soon they were flying over 
 the ocean once more. Mr. Wind headed north, 
 and it grew colder and colder. Icebergs dotted 
 the ocean, glinting and sparkling in the sunlight. 
 It became very dark, but the whole sky seemed to 
 glow with lovely colors. Sky rockets of light 
 
116 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 shot up from the north and broke in showers of 
 crimson and yellow at the top of the sky. "North- 
 ern lights," said Yellow briefly at the children's 
 little "oh" of astonishment. "Here we are," 
 he cried at last. 
 
 Mr. Wind lighted on a snow mountain and 
 danced up and down to keep warm. Not a person 
 was in sight. A few round mounds of ice were 
 huddled together at the foot of the mountain. 
 "Look!" said Yellow suddenly, pointing to a 
 man crawling out of one of the mounds. He was 
 dressed in furs from head to foot and a fur hoo 
 was drawn close about his face. He threw a fV~^ 
 chunks of frozen meat to five or six dogs snapping 
 about his feet. Then he crawled back into the 
 mound. "That was an Eskimo," said Yellow. 
 
 "My Lord the Sun shines here for only part 
 of the year, and then his rays strike the earth in 
 such a way that they don't give much heat. So 
 it is always cold. This part of the country lies 
 in the frigid zone. The Eskimos have to wear 
 the thick fur of animals to keep warm, and when 
 my Lord the Sun is gone, they stay close in their 
 caves of ice and snow. They burn the fat of ani- 
 mals in stone lamps, but they depend mostly 
 on their fur clothing for warmth." 
 
CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 
 
 117 
 
 "Goodness!" said Tom shivering, "I wish I 
 had a fur coat." 
 
 "So do I," cried Sally. "Let's hurry away, 
 Mr. Wind, I'm cold." 
 
 "Off we go then," said Mr. Wind; and as they 
 flew along, Yellow started the lesson. "You 
 
 In the summer, citizens of the 
 Land of Health wear light 
 cotton clothes. 
 
 Out of doors in the winter, 
 they wear warm clothing 
 from head to toe. 
 
 children live in the temperate zone, where my 
 Lord the Sun arranges matters so that you have 
 both winter and summer. But the summers 
 are never so hot as the weather in the torrid zone, 
 and the winters are never so cold as weather in 
 the frigid zone. You wear one kind of clothes 
 
118 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 in summer and another kind in winter, to be com- 
 fortable and well. 
 
 "In the summer you should wear light cotton 
 clothes. In cold weather, when you go out of 
 doors, you should have coats made of wool or 
 fur to keep you warm. If there is snow on the 
 ground, you wear rubbers to keep out the wet. 
 Heavy shoes and stockings keep your legs and 
 feet warm. It is silly for people to wrap up in 
 wool or fur and at the same time wear silk stock- 
 ings and thin low shoes. The body should be 
 kept warm all over, for when it becomes chilled, 
 the little cold germs are likely to make you ill. 
 
 "When you come into the house in winter, 
 you should take off your heavy outdoor clothing, 
 as it is just as bad for you to be too hot as too 
 cold. The raincoat and rubbers that you wear 
 on a rainy day should always come off when 
 you go inside." 
 
 "It's my turn now, Yellow," said Mr. Wind, 
 turning his head. "We're almost home, and I 
 have a few things I'd like to tell these young 
 people. Yellow is quite right about the rubbers 
 and raincoat," he went on to the children. "Your 
 body must be protected against damp and cold. 
 But if the skin is completely shut off from the 
 
CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 
 
 119 
 
 fresh air, you feel very uncomfortable, and your 
 skin gets so hot that when the heavy clothes are 
 taken off you are likely to catch cold. Most cloth 
 is full of tiny holes, so that I can move the air 
 
 When these children go into the house, what 
 should they do? 
 
 in to your skin and out again. But rubber has 
 no little holes in it to let the fresh air through. 
 So always take rubber things off in the house. 
 
 "Your clothes should always be loose. You 
 can't run and play games out of doors half so 
 well if you are bothered with tight clothes. If 
 you are to be healthy and strong, your blood 
 must run freely through the body and never be 
 
120 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 held up at the toll gates named Tight Waistband, 
 Tight Collar, Tight Shoes, and Round Garters. 
 When you take deep breaths after running hard, 
 it isn't very pleasant to be afraid that all your 
 buttons may fly off at any moment." 
 
 Sally giggled. "That's how I felt when I wore 
 my last year's serge dress for the first time this 
 winter," she said. "Mother had to rip it all out 
 and make it over again." 
 
 Mr. Wind smiled. "Madame Rain told you," 
 he went on, "that perspiration is always coming 
 out of the body through the skin. Most of this 
 perspiration is soaked up by your clothes. It 
 has an unpleasant odor, and so the clothes next 
 to your skin that is, your underclothes should 
 be washed very often to keep them fresh and 
 clean. 
 
 "Your outside clothes are always picking up 
 dirt and dust. Dirty clothes are not only unpleas- 
 ant to look at, but the little germ enemies love 
 to hide in them. Summer clothes should be kept 
 dainty and clean by frequent washing, and winter 
 clothes should be brushed and aired often. Citi- 
 zens of the Land of Health always fold up their 
 underclothes at night and hang up their suits 
 and dresses to keep them neat and tidy." 
 
CLOTHES AND THE WEATHER 121 
 
 "I'll have to leave you here," said Yellow, 
 interrupting Mr. Wind, "but I have just time 
 enough to teach you the tenth law of the Land of 
 Health. Here it is: 
 
 "Wool or cotton, fur or leather, 
 Proper clothing suits the weather; 
 Loose it is from neck to feet, 
 And always tidy, clean, and sweet." 
 
 Yellow flew back to the court of my Lord the 
 Sun, and Mr. Wind brought the children safely 
 to their beds on the sleeping porch. Then perch- 
 ing on the railing that ran around it, he asked 
 the children the following questions: 
 
 1. Why is it a good plan to sleep on a sleeping porch? 
 
 2. Tell something about the way people live in South 
 America. 
 
 3. Tell something that you might see on a trip to 
 Greenland. 
 
 4. WTiat kind of clothes should you wear in warm weather? 
 
 5. What kind of clothes should you wear in cold weather? 
 
 6. Jean's class is going to give a Christmas play. Jean is 
 to be a fairy. She is going to wear a white dress, white slip- 
 pers, and thin silk stockings. The schoolroom will be well 
 heated. WTiat must Jean be careful about when she goes 
 home? 
 
 7. In what ways can you keep your body from becom- 
 ing chilled out of doors, and too hot indoors? 
 
 8. Wliy should you take rubber things off in the house? 
 
 9. Susan can't understand why she has so many colds. 
 
122 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Yesterday I heard her say, "I always wear my rubbers in 
 school because I'm afraid I'll forget them if I take them 
 off." Do you know why Susan has a cold so often? 
 
 10. Why should you wear loose clothes? 
 
 11. Describe two kinds of shoes and tell which would be 
 worn by a citizen of the Land of Health. 
 
 12. What care should you take of your clothes? 
 
CHAPTER XIII 
 IN THE GARDEN OF SLEEP 
 
 Sally was having a beautiful dream. She 
 thought that her bed had been changed into a 
 little boat and she was sailing in it through the 
 sky. The stars looked like yellow water lilies, 
 and she was just reaching out to pull one up by 
 the roots when a low voice murmured in her ear, 
 "Wake up!" 
 
 A lady in a soft gray dress spangled with cres- 
 cent moons was sitting on one side of her bed 
 and Tom on the other. The bed was dipping up 
 and down in the strangest fashion. "It's quite 
 all right," said Lady Sleep, "I'm taking you to 
 my garden." 
 
 "Then it's true!" gasped Sally. 
 
 "What is true?" asked Lady Sleep with a 
 puzzled frown. 
 
 "W T hy, that my bed is a boat." 
 
 "Of course," replied Lady Sleep. " Every one 
 knows that." 
 
 The bed dipped suddenly toward the earth. 
 It floated past open windows, where Tom and 
 
 123 
 
124 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Sally saw rosy-cheeked children sleeping hap- 
 pily. Through closed windows the pale faces 
 of other children were dimly seen. They peeped 
 in at warm kitchens, where cats were curled up 
 in little baskets. The boughs of cedar and spruce 
 trees made green tents, where sparrows and chick- 
 adees slept in the warmth of fluffed-up feathers. 
 In the chicken houses fat hens were perched 
 comfortably with their heads tucked under their 
 wings. The whole world was fast asleep. 
 
 "Here we are!" cried Lady Sleep suddenly. 
 The children saw a high wall ahead of them with 
 a white gate in the center. Lady Sleep whistled 
 a sleepy bird's note, and the gate opened wide 
 enough to let the bed pass through. They floated 
 down a long aisle with trees on either side. Stars 
 hung from the branches in clusters like wisteria 
 blossoms. A still deep river encircled the garden. 
 
 The bed settled down under a live oak tree. 
 "Aren't there any people here?" asked Sally in a 
 disappointed voice. 
 
 "Hush," whispered Lady Sleep. "The thoughts 
 of every sleeping person in the world are always 
 Lere. But they are invisible. Even I can't see 
 them. When people's thoughts are in the Garden 
 of Sleep, their bodies rest. 
 
IN THE GARDEN OF SLEEP 125 
 
 "Thoughts are active little fellows. They 
 have to be amused most of the time, and so I 
 give them dreams to play with. Dreams are 
 like picture puzzles. They are made of little 
 pieces of memories. When you go to bed with 
 happy thoughts in your mind, you usually have 
 pleasant dreams. When you have cross thoughts, 
 you sometimes wake in the morning and say you 
 have had bad dreams. 
 
 "While your thoughts are in the Garden of 
 Sleep, your body has a chance to rest. Your 
 tired muscles and nerves are mended after the 
 long day's work. The nerves perform the messen- 
 ger service of the body. They carry the messages 
 sent out by the brain, which is the captain of the 
 body. He tells the other parts what to do. As 
 he is always sending messages when you are 
 awake, the nerves are tired by night. It is very 
 important that your brain and nerves and muscles 
 should stop working for rest and repairs. 
 
 "Children between the ages of eight and ten 
 years need from ten to eleven hours of sleep 
 every night, with the windows wide open. 
 
 "I know a great many children who don't 
 like to go to bed. They beg to sit up for just a 
 few minutes more to finish a story or game. Some- 
 
126 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 times they go to the movies. And yet I have 
 heard those same children wish they could have 
 an adventure. They would like a tight little 
 ship, for instance, in which to hunt for buried 
 treasure. 
 
 "My dears, sleep is a wonderful adventure. 
 You go to bed, and away your thoughts sail to 
 the Garden of Sleep. No one in the whole wide 
 world knows where that Garden is. And yet 
 the guide map, with a cross above the Garden, 
 is locked in your mind. The closing of your 
 eyes turns the key, and in the next breath your 
 thoughts are off to find dream treasures. 
 
 "People who go on adventures make ready 
 beforehand. There are several things that you 
 must do before your thoughts can sail away to 
 the Garden of Sleep. In the first place, you 
 should eat a light supper. If you eat a heavy 
 meal at night, Mr. Digestion needs so much help 
 from the muscles and blood that the brain is kept 
 awake sending messages to them. 
 
 "Cereals, stewed fruit, milk, brown bread, and 
 butter are good things to eat for suppev. Tea 
 and coffee don't like to have you go on adventures. 
 If you drink them, they are sure to keep you awake. 
 
 "You, should read or play quiet games just 
 
IN THE GARDEN OF SLEEP 127 
 
 ! before bedtime. When you are running very 
 fast, you have to slow down before you can stop, 
 don't you? All the parts of your body must 
 
 | slow down before you can go to sleep. If you 
 
 i don't let them do it before you get into bed, they 
 will have to do it afterward. And then you wonder 
 why you don't go to sleep right away. To send 
 
 your thoughts happily on their adventure, you 
 must be ready for sleep when you hop into 
 bed. 
 
 "You remember that your body mends itself 
 and grows while you are asleep. To do that, it 
 
 i must be comfortable. The bedclothes should al- 
 ways be clean and sweet. A low pillow or none 
 at all, light warm blankets, and a mattress that 
 
 i is smooth and not too soft are what the body 
 likes best. All the very nicest adventures begin 
 in the dark. No lights should be in the harbor 
 of your room. Your thoughts set their course 
 by the moon and the stars." 
 
 "Do the thoughts of flowers come to the Garden 
 of Sleep too?" asked Sally. 
 
 "No," said Lady Sleep. "There's a story 
 about that. Dame Nature had such lovely dreams 
 at the very beginning of the world that she wanted 
 other people to enjoy them too. She thought of a 
 
128 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 fine plan. She decided to make her dreams 
 come true. 
 
 "She tucked them safely in little brown seeds 
 and bulbs. Then she put them to bed in the warm 
 
 The adventurous course to the Garden of Sleep. 
 
 dark earth and covered them with a blanket 
 of leaves. In the spring the dreams heard Dame 
 Nature calling them, through the warmth of 
 my Lord the Sun and the touch of Madame Rain. 
 They poked their pretty faces up through the 
 earth, and people called them flowers. 
 
 "The flowers are Dame Nature's dreams come 
 true. As Dame Nature rests by going to sleep, 
 
IN THE GARDEN OF SLEEP 129 
 
 just as you do, she always has plenty of dreams to 
 make into flowers. 
 
 "The best part of an adventure is coming home 
 again. So in the morning your thoughts come 
 sailing back. Then you wake up; and your treas- 
 ure hunt was successful, for you found rest for 
 your body and happiness for your mind. These 
 are two of the greatest treasures in the world. 
 
 "But remember, to find the treasures, you 
 steer clear of the pirate ships, Tea and Coffee. 
 You are careful not to stir up the unfavorable 
 wind, Excitement before Bedtime, and you mustn't 
 run aground on Too Much Supper Shoal. 
 
 "It's time we were going home now. You 
 mustn't tell any one that you were awake in the 
 Garden of Sleep. It's a great secret, and besides, 
 no one would believe you." 
 
 The bed floated out from under the live oak tree 
 and sailed through the white gate. As they went 
 along home, Lady Sleep taught them the eleventh 
 law and asked the questions about the lesson. 
 
 This is the law: 
 
 To keep my body at its best, 
 Eleven hours I must rest. 
 At eight to bed and up at seven 
 Will surely count up to eleven. 
 
130 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 These are the questions: 
 
 1. What happens to your body when you are asleep? 
 
 2. How many hours of sleep do you need? 
 
 3. Howard goes to bed at eight o'clock every night. 
 James takes a book to bed with him and reads until ten. 
 Which boy do you think does better work in school? Why? 
 
 4. What messages are carried by your nerves? 
 
 5. Why would children who sleep in rooms with closed 
 windows have pale faces? 
 
 6. How should you steer your boat in order to have a 
 pleasant voyage to the Garden of Sleep? 
 
 7. Sometimes when Philip and Rose have an early supper, 
 their mother lets them have something to eat before they 
 go to bed. The other night Rose drank a glass of milk and 
 Philip ate a large piece of apple pie. Which do you think 
 had a better sleep that night? 
 
 8. How do you make ready for a good night's sleep? 
 
 9. Describe the room and the bed in which your body 
 would be most comfortable during sleep. 
 
CHAPTER XIV 
 ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Tom and Sally had colds and Mother had kept 
 them home from school. She explained that she 
 didn't want them to give their colds to the other 
 children. "I don't see how I could give away a 
 cold," grumbled Tom, kicking his heels against 
 the chair he was sitting in. 
 
 Sally looked up from dusting her farmhouse 
 and the farmer's wife and baby. "I don't either," 
 she sighed. "I hate colds. They make me feel 
 so stuffy." She sneezed violently. 
 
 "Oh dear! Oh dear!" cried a tiny voice. 
 "Please don't sneeze right in the baby's face. 
 He'll catch your cold." Sally almost dropped the 
 farmer's wife in her astonishment. 
 
 "She's quite right," said another voice from the 
 window seat. "Put her back on the farmhouse 
 porch, Sally." 
 
 Tom and Sally turned to look at the speaker. 
 He was a tall fellow with wings on his cap and 
 heels and a queer-looking staff in his hand. "I'm 
 Mercury, "he said with a smile. "You have 
 
 131 
 
132 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 heard about me, haven't you? Dame Nature has 
 sent me to guide you through the country of the 
 enemy. It's just over the 
 border of the Land of Health." 
 "May we look at your 
 staff?" asked Tom politely. 
 
 "Certainly," replied Mer- 
 cury. He held it up for the 
 children to look at. Two 
 snakes were twined about it, 
 and at the top fluttered a pair 
 of wings. "It's called a ca- 
 duceus," explained Mercury, 
 " and it is used as the emblem 
 of the medical service of the 
 United States Army. But 
 Mercury's staff. dear me, we can talk on the 
 way," he broke off. "We have a long journey 
 before us." 
 
 He whipped off his cap, and holding it close to 
 the floor, told the children to hop in. There was 
 just room enough inside for Tom and Sally to sit 
 close together. When they were safely aboard, the 
 wings on each side of the cap lifted it slowly into 
 the air, and the children found themselves over 
 Happy Village, with Mercury flying beside them. 
 
ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 133 
 
 As they soared still higher, the Land of Health 
 appeared spread out beneath them like a school- 
 room map. "We are coming to the border now," 
 whispered Mercury. 
 
 The children saw a high wall ahead of them. 
 "Why, it looks as if it were made of window 
 screens," remarked Sally. 
 
 "So it is!" replied Mercury. "We'll land on 
 top of it, because from it we can look over the 
 country of the enemy." 
 
 The broad top of the wall was astir with ac- 
 tivity. Tom and Sally saw Yellow sitting a little 
 way off shooting sun arrows into a knot of dark 
 flying things in the enemy country. He waved 
 his hand at them. "I'm having lots of fun!" 
 he called. 
 
 "What are you doing?" Tom shouted back. 
 
 "Shooting cold germs. Come on over." 
 
 Tom and Sally ran over to watch Yellow, who 
 was just aiming at another germ. "Ping!" sang 
 the arrow as it left the bow. It hit one of the 
 little fluttering things so that it curled up and fell 
 to the ground. "Sit down," invited Yellow, 
 moving over. 
 
 "We can't," replied Sally politely. "Mercury 
 is going to show us over the enemy country.", 
 
134 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Just then Mercury strolled over with his hands 
 in his pockets. "Hello, old fellow," he cried, 
 slapping Yellow on the back. "Any luck?" 
 
 "Fine!" replied Yellow. "Shooting colds is 
 great sport." 
 
 "I didn't know a cold was anything you could 
 see to shoot at," remarked Sally. "I thought 
 
 it was something 
 you had inside you 
 that made you sick." 
 "It is," replied 
 Yellow. "But c>lds 
 aren't always inside 
 you. They come in 
 from outside. Sick- 
 nesses like colds, 
 measles, scarlet fe- 
 ver, diphtheria, and 
 
 Citizens of the Land of Health catch whooping COUgh are 
 their sneezes in a clean handkerchief. , , , . . , , , . 
 
 caused by little liv- 
 ing things, called germs, that travel from one 
 person -to another. 
 
 "If a person with a cold sneezes or coughs, he 
 sprays the air with these little living things. People 
 who are near him breathe in the air full of the cold 
 germs, and then they are likely to have colds too. 
 
ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 135 
 
 That is why your mother didn't want you chil- 
 dren to go to school to-day. It is also why the 
 farmer's wife felt so badly when you sneezed in 
 the baby's face, Sally. You must always catch 
 your sneezes and coughs in a handkerchief." 
 
 : 'You tell them about the germ enemies, Yel- 
 low, will you?" interrupted Mercury yawning. 
 "I'm sleepy." He stretched out on top of the 
 wall and was soon fast asleep. 
 
 Yellow smiled. "He's a fine teacher, isn't he?" 
 He put down his bow and leaned back, holding 
 one knee in his hands. "You really can't see 
 germs, you know. They're so very tiny that they 
 are invisible. But here in their own country the 
 bad ones take off their disguise of littleness, and 
 so you can see them." 
 
 "Why, are there good germs?" asked Sally 
 in surprise. 
 
 "Certainly!" replied Yellow. "There is a 
 story about a time very early in the history of 
 the world when all the germs were good. I don't 
 know how true it is, for I was a youngster at the 
 time. All the germs, or microbes as they are often 
 called, were friends of the people. They raised 
 bread, helped make butter and cheese, turned 
 apple juice into vinegar, and made things grow 
 
136 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 by putting magic into the soil, just as the good 
 microbes do to-day. Every one was happy and 
 there was no such thing as sickness in the world." 
 
 Yellow moved closer to the children and spoke 
 very low. "Then one day, they say that Mer- 
 cury appeared on earth carrying a large box and 
 a little girl. He left them both in the cottage of 
 a boy named Epimetheus, and told him on no 
 account to open the box. But the little girl, 
 whose name was Pandora, was very curious. 
 
 " Instead of going out to play with Epimetheus 
 and the other children, she sat indoors all day 
 long, wondering what was in the box. Finally 
 she could stand it no longer and so she lifted the 
 lid. And lo, out of the box flew all the troubles 
 and germs of sickness that are in the world to- 
 day. No one knows how the germs got in the box 
 or where. they came from. But it seems as if 
 they were especially made to harm mankind, 
 for the germs that cause sickness can live and 
 grow only in the bodies of human beings and 
 animals. Now mind, this is only a story, for I 
 was much too young at the time to remember 
 what really happened. But it is quite true that 
 as far back as I can remember, germs of sickness 
 have troubled the world. They have caused 
 
ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 137 
 
 more trouble than all the wars that were ever 
 fought. 
 
 "If you children would like to be as great heroes 
 as Jack the Giant Killer or Saint George who 
 killed the dragon, you will help fight the germs 
 of sickness." 
 
 "How can we fight something that we can't 
 see?" objected Tom. 
 
 "Ah, ha," said Yellow, "that's just the trouble. 
 Those wicked little creatures had a beautiful 
 time of it for ages and ages because they were 
 invisible. Then along came a great man named 
 Pasteur, who found them out. Since then they 
 have had to fight for their lives. But they have a 
 great many hiding places and ways of traveling 
 about, so they are still our most dangerous 
 enemies. 
 
 "Germs like to travel. They are always seeking 
 new worlds to conquer. As long as they are travel- 
 ing swiftly from one body to another, they are 
 happy. If a well girl is foolish enough to kiss a 
 person with a cold, some of the cold germs are 
 almost sure to hop into her mouth from the sick 
 person's lips. Germs never hesitate to slip out of a 
 person's mouth to the rim of a cup from which 
 many people drink, because they know that they 
 
138 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 will surely be able to pop back into some one 
 else's mouth. 
 
 "Sometimes, however, the sickness germs are 
 put out of one body and cannot find their way 
 into another right away. A sickness germ outside 
 the body is very unhappy, and it is always planning 
 and scheming to get back. To do this, it hides 
 on things that are likely to be put into the mouth. 
 
 "There was once a man named Douglas, who 
 lived on the border between Scotland and England. 
 He was always fighting the English. One time 
 he wanted to get inside an English castle to capture 
 it. So he and his men hid in a load of hay that was 
 to be taken into the castle. When the hay cart 
 had passed over the drawbridge, Douglas and his 
 men drew their swords, leaped from the cart, and 
 took the castle. 
 
 "Germs hide on your fingers and in food and 
 water. They think that in that way they are sure 
 to pass the drawbridge of the lips and capture 
 the body castle. Children are likely to put things 
 like pennies and pencils into their mouths and so 
 the germs lie in wait for them there. 
 
 "But, my dears, you mustn't let the germs 
 scare you. When you know where they are, it's 
 easy to get the better of them. It's like a game of 
 
ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 139 
 
 hide and seek. Pasteur first spied out the germs. 
 Since then many brave and wise men and women 
 have hunted out their hiding places. They can 
 hide best in filth and dark places. 
 
 Can you give the law of the Land of Health that 
 Tom is disobeying? 
 
 "Wash your hands with soap and hot water 
 before eating. See that food is kept in closed 
 cases in grocery stores, and that your milk comes 
 from clean dairies. Help keep the streets and 
 yards all neat and tidy. Then the germs will soon 
 be on the run. 
 
 "Some of the germs, like the ones that cause 
 scarlet fever and measles and diphtheria, are called 
 
140 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 contagious. Grown-up people in the Land of 
 Health see that signs are put on the doors of houses 
 where there are persons with contagious diseases. 
 These signs tell well people to keep away so that 
 the germs can't reach them. 
 
 "The way that germs like to travel best is 
 by fly and mosquito airplane, as you will see." 
 Yellow reached over and poked Mercury in the 
 ribs. "Wake up!" he cried. "Aren't you going 
 to take these children on a trip into the enemies' 
 country?" 
 
 Mercury sat up and rubbed his eyes. "Where 
 am I?" he asked. He looked around and saw 
 Yellow and the children laughing at him. "Dear 
 me," he cried, "now I remember. Has Yellow 
 told you about germs?" 
 
 "Oh, yes!" exclaimed the children. 
 
 "Well, see if you can learn this law then, before 
 we start. 
 
 "Sickness germs I must defeat, 
 And so I wash before I eat; 
 I never touch my nose or lips 
 With pencils, coins, or finger-tips. 
 I keep away from those who sneeze, 
 For they may have a germ disease; 
 And when I cough or sneeze or sniff, 
 I do it in a handkerchief." 
 
ENEMIES OF THE LAND OF HEALTH 141 
 
 When the children knew the law, Mercury 
 asked them these questions: 
 
 1. If you have a cold, how can you keep other people 
 from catching it? 
 
 2. What are our most dangerous enemies? Who dis- 
 covered them? 
 
 3. What are some of the things that good germs do to 
 help us? 
 
 4. Janet has a baby sister. She is so sweet and pretty 
 that when Janet wheels her out in her carriage, all the girls 
 want to kiss her. Sometimes it makes them very cross 
 because Janet won't allow any of them to do this. Do you 
 think Janet is right or wrong? Why? 
 
 5. Some boys and girls chew or suck their pencils when 
 they are working their examples or writing their spelling 
 lesson. Why is this a dangerous habit? 
 
 6. Tell some of the ways in which germs can enter the 
 mouth. 
 
 7. How can you protect yourself from germs? 
 
 8. How can you help protect other people from germs? 
 
 9. When children are recovering from a contagious disease 
 like measles or scarlet fever, they should not play with toys 
 which other children may use afterward. Try to think of 
 some things that a child who has had the measles might do 
 to amuse himself. 
 
 10. Perhaps your teacher will let you make a little play 
 from the story of Pandora and Epimetheus. Some of your 
 classmates may be the germs and you can pretend that they 
 are shut up in one corner of the room. What will Pandora 
 and Epimetheus say to each other? What will the germs 
 say to Pandora? 
 
CHAPTER XV 
 THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 
 
 After the children had answered all the ques- 
 tions, Mercury told them to look carefully at the 
 enemies' country through a spyglass that he gave 
 them. A swamp stretched away from the foot 
 of the wall, and from it an unpleasant humming 
 arose. "That is Mosquito Swamp," said Mercury. 
 
 Beyond the swamp stood a tumble-down barn 
 and farmhouse. A great pile of manure was 
 stacked against the side of the barn. Two pale 
 children and an untidy woman sat on the door- 
 step of the house. Through the spyglass the 
 children saw hundreds of flies swarming around 
 the barn. The flies then flew to a pigpen near by, 
 and from there into the house. 
 
 The children had been so busy listening to 
 Yellow that they hadn't paid much attention to 
 what was happening on the wall. Now they saw 
 that all the other courtiers of my Lord the Sun 
 Red, Orange, Green, Blue, and Violet were 
 also shooting germs. A thin bristly fellow, who 
 looked very much like a toothbrush, was stamping 
 
 142 
 
THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 
 
 143 
 
 excitedly up and down, shaking his head furiously. 
 Other strange-looking creatures were pouring boil- 
 ing water over the wall or spraying the swamp 
 with kerosene oil. Giant fly -swatters, wav- 
 ing back and forth, 
 shooed away any flies 
 that managed t o 
 reach the top of the 
 wall. 
 
 Tom and Sally felt 
 the wall tremble. 
 "The wall is mov- 
 ing!" cried Sally. 
 
 "Certainly," re- 
 plied Mercury. "The 
 citizens of the Land 
 of Health are always 
 fighting the enemy 
 and .winning too. 
 When ground is won, 
 the wall moves up to 
 protect the conquered 
 territory. Citizens of 
 the Land of Health try never to let the enemy 
 over the border. One way of keeping them back 
 is this screen wall, which shuts out flies and mos- 
 
 Mr. Toothbrush shakes his fist at 
 the enemy germs. 
 
144 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 quitoes. You know, they are the airplanes in 
 which the germs of sickness try to invade the 
 Land of Health. 
 
 "The surest way to keep out these airplanes 
 with their germ passengers is to destroy them. 
 One kind of mosquito carries the germ of malaria; 
 another kind carries the germ of yellow fever. 
 These two germs are deadly enemies of the Land 
 of Health. Doctors and other brave men spent a 
 great many years of study and danger before they 
 found out just how these germs were carried from 
 one human body to another. 
 
 "Mosquitoes lay their eggs in stagnant pools, 
 swamps, uncovered rain barrels, old tin cans 
 full of rain water, or any other places where the 
 water is still. That is why you see swamps and 
 stagnant pools in the enemies' country. 
 
 "Citizens of the Land of Health drain the 
 swamps and spray oil over stagnant pools. The 
 oil spreads over the water and keeps air from the 
 baby mosquitoes, so that they die. Good citi- 
 zens also take away all tin cans that might hold 
 rain water and they cover the rain barrels. Then 
 the mosquito has no place to lay her eggs. By 
 keeping the mosquitoes from bringing up rein- 
 forcements, citizens of the Land of Health are 
 
THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 145 
 
 winning the fight over this branch of the enemy 
 airplane service. 
 
 "Now, we're going to take a walk in the ene- 
 mies' country," went on Mercury. "You will 
 be invisible, and so the germs can't get at you. 
 Yellow will come along with us. All the germs are 
 scared to death of him. They scoot when they 
 see him coming, because he kills them with the 
 hot arrows of my Lord the Sun. Here's a fly- 
 swatter for each of you, and be sure you use it. 
 We'll sail over Mosquito Swamp." 
 
 The children seated themselves in the cap again 
 and Yellow perched on the rim. Then they flew 
 over the swamp and landed at the farm. A great 
 swarm of flies hovered over it. "This is Fly 
 Farm," said Yellow, "and I wish the citizens of 
 the Land of Health would reach it soon and clean 
 it up. It's a great nuisance. Let us watch one of 
 the flies. I'll make a mark on one so that we won't 
 lose track of it." 
 
 Yellow caught a young fly that was just start- 
 ing out in the world. He rubbed his finger over 
 its back until it shone golden in the sunlight. 
 Then he let it fly away. It lit first in the pigpen, 
 where it enjoyed a hearty meal. Then it flew 
 into the barn and crawled around for a while. 
 
146 
 
THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 147 
 
 A pump stood in the yard and an iron cup was 
 fastened to it by a long chain. The fly flew to 
 the rim of this cup and carefully wiped its feet on 
 it. Sally saw the little girl, who had been sitting 
 on the doorstep, dip the cup into a bucket that 
 stood by the well and drink from it just after the 
 fly had left it. 
 
 Then the fly led them a merry chase. Sally 
 and Tom and Mercury and Yellow had to run 
 to keep up with it. They found themselves chas- 
 ing it down a village street. "This is Dirty ville," 
 panted Mercury, as they followed the fly through 
 the door of a grocery store. It walked over the 
 dirty floor and then flew to an open box of sugar. 
 Here was a feast, indeed. A little boy came in 
 to buy some sugar, and the storekeeper scooped 
 up a pound from the very spot where the fly had 
 been standing. The fly followed the boy out of 
 the grocery and so did the four adventurers. 
 They all came to a cottage on the village street. 
 
 The fly at once crawled over the face of a baby 
 who lay asleep in a carriage on the porch. Then 
 he flew into the house through the unscreened 
 window and sat on the spout of a milk pitcher. 
 He ended his career by falling into the milk and 
 drowning. 
 
148 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 As they walked away, Yellow caught another 
 fly and showed the children its feet through a 
 glass which he pulled from his pocket. By looking 
 through this glass, they saw everything much 
 larger than it really was. Yellow called it 
 a magnifying glass. The children saw that 
 the fly's feet were covered with tiny sticky 
 hairs. 
 
 "All the filth and germs that the fly picks up 
 by crawling over dirty places are carried to the 
 food that it lights on later," Yellow explained. 
 "Flies should be kept out of houses by tightly 
 screened windows and doors. Citizens of the Land 
 of Health wage war continually on the fly airplanes. 
 If they manage to get over the screen wall, the 
 citizens shoot them down with fly-swatters or 
 catch them on sticky fly paper. 
 
 "The real way to get the better of them," said 
 Mercury, "is to keep them from raising families. 
 One single fly has over one hundred children at a 
 time. If all the garbage cans are covered up, 
 and all the piles of dirt and rubbish cleared away, 
 Mrs. Fly won't have any place to lay her eggs. 
 Then the citizens of the Land of Health will 
 have conquered one of their worst enemies. 
 
 "When men first lived in countries like England 
 
THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 
 
 149 
 
 and America, wolves were a great danger to 
 the people. But year by year the forests were 
 cleared and the hiding places of the wolves un- 
 covered. Fields of corn and wheat and fruit 
 
 Taking away the hiding places of the enemies of health. 
 
 orchards took the place of the deep woods. Now 
 in England the sheep graze at peace in the mead- 
 ows, and little boys set to watch them no longer 
 cry 'Wolf! Wolf!' at the sight of moving shadows. 
 Red Riding Hood could visit her grandmother 
 to-day in England, and not a wolf would she meet 
 on the journey. Wolves can live and do harm 
 
150 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 only when they have places to hide and bring up 
 their cubs. When the hiding places are taken 
 away, the wolves disappear. 
 
 "That is what will happen to the germ enemies 
 and their fly and mosquito airplanes when people 
 learn to take away their hiding places." 
 
 "The enemies have a great many places to 
 hide in here in Dirty ville," remarked Tom. He 
 and Sally were having trouble in picking their 
 way along the street because of the piles of rub- 
 bish in the way. 
 
 "I don't like this country," said Sally. "Let's 
 go back to the Land of Health, Mercury." 
 
 "All right," consented Mercury. "There's 
 not much more to see anyway. Coffee River and 
 Tea Lake are back in the country a bit. Then 
 there is Tobacco Field, east of Dirty ville." As 
 Mercury was speaking, Tom noticed that a thick 
 fog came rolling up behind them. It had a pe- 
 culiar odor. 
 
 "That comes from Tobacco Field," explained 
 Mercury, starting to run. "If it once overtakes 
 us, we shall have a hard time finding our way back 
 to the Land of Health. Tobacco smoke makes 
 children's minds dull and keeps their bodies 
 from growing. Children in the Land of Health 
 
THE AIRPLANES OF THE ENEMY 151 
 
 never smoke cigarettes or any other form of to- 
 bacco." 
 
 Tom and Sally were glad to see the wall loom 
 up ahead of them as they ran. On the edge of 
 Mosquito Swamp Mercury lifted the children in 
 his arms and flew with them to the top of the wall. 
 There he asked them the following questions: 
 
 1. Why are flies and mosquitoes dangerous enemies 
 to health? 
 
 2. In what ways can mosquitoes be destroyed? 
 
 3. Describe the travels of a fly, showing how it can spread 
 the germs of sickness. 
 
 4. Name the ways in which you can keep places free 
 from flies. 
 
 5. Make up a story about the journey of a germ that 
 started off on a fly airplane. 
 
 6. When will you have to be especially on your guard 
 against mosquitoes: in a dry summer or a rainy one? 
 
 7. When Mrs. Baxter puts the baby to sleep in his car- 
 riage on the porch, she always covers the carriage carefully 
 with mosquito netting. Why does she do this? 
 
 8. Suppose you decide to start a war against the enemy 
 in your school. You might call yourselves "The Mosquito 
 Police " or "The Anti-Fly Brigade." What are some of the 
 things you might do? 
 
CHAPTER XVI 
 CAREFULNESS 
 
 Mercury told the children that they must 
 inspect Happy Village before receiving their 
 citizenship papers. He suggested that they walk 
 back to the village through the Land of Health. 
 Sally and Tom loved to take walks, and so they 
 begged Mercury to start out at once. 
 
 "All right," he agreed cheerfully. 
 
 They hadn't walked far in the direction of 
 Happy Village "when they caught up with a 
 serious-faced lady who was going in the same 
 direction. 
 
 "This is my sister, Minerva," Mercury said 
 to the children. "She is very wise. These chil- 
 dren's names are Tom and Sally," he explained to 
 Minerva. "They are learning the laws of the 
 Land of Health so that they can be citizens. 
 They know all the laws now except the one on 
 Carefulness. Do you feel like teaching it to them? 
 You know more about it than I do, you know." 
 
 "Yes, I imagine I do," said Minerva with a 
 smile. "This brother of mine," she said, turning 
 
 152 
 
CAREFULNESS 153 
 
 to the children, "has a great many good qualities, 
 but he has been known to do several foolish things. 
 They say that when he was very young he stole 
 the cattle of my Lord the Sun, or Apollo as he 
 was then called, and hid them in a cave. When 
 Apollo found it out, he was very angry, and if 
 Mercury hadn't given him something that he 
 wanted very much, I don't know what would have 
 happened." 
 
 "I don't see why every one made such a fuss 
 about it," grumbled Mercury. 
 
 "It is very dangerous to make the sun angry," 
 said Minerva severely, "as the germ enemies 
 can very well tell you. One of the gifts that my 
 Lord the Sun gives the earth is fire," she went on. 
 "It is one of the greatest friends of man, and with- 
 out it human beings would be very miserable. 
 But if you play with it and do not treat it with 
 respect, it becomes very dangerous. 
 
 "I will tell you about a boy who once played 
 with fire. It happened long ago when people 
 thought that the god Apollo drove the chariot 
 of the sun across the sky every day. Apollo had 
 a son called Phaeton. Phaeton's school-fellows 
 used to mock and jeer at him because he said he 
 was the son of a god. 
 
154 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "One day he could stand it no longer and he 
 traveled to the palace of the sun, which lies in 
 the Land of Sunrise. He came into the presence 
 of Apollo and demanded proof of his relationship 
 with him. Apollo promised to give him anything 
 he wished for. 
 
 "The foolish boy then asked to drive the chariot 
 of the sun across the heavens for one day. Apollo 
 begged him to ask for anything else but that. 
 Phaeton refused to listen. Apollo sighed and led 
 him to the golden chariot of the sun, to which 
 fiery steeds were harnessed. Phaeton leaped to 
 the seat and took the reins. 
 
 "Apollo told him not to go too high lest he 
 burn the dwellings of the gods, or too low lest 
 he set the earth on fire. He said 'The middle 
 course is safest and best.' No sooner, however, 
 had the horses drawn the chariot into the heavens 
 than they discovered that Phaeton didn't know 
 how to guide them. 
 
 "They left the path and rushed in among the 
 stars. One moment they were in high heaven; 
 the next they dashed almost to the earth. The 
 clouds smoked and the mountain tops took fire. 
 Whole cities were burned to ashes. At last Jupi- 
 ter, the king of the gods, hurled Phaeton from the 
 
CAREFULNESS 155 
 
 chariot with a thunderbolt, or the whole world 
 would have burned up. 
 
 "It is very foolish to do dangerous things, as 
 Phaeton did, because other children jeer at you. 
 Grown-up people know that fire must be handled 
 carefully, to be safe. They have learned not to 
 come too close to it, and never to play with it. 
 Only grown-ups can guide fire on its safe middle 
 course, so that it keeps you warm and cooks your 
 food without harming you. 
 
 ;< You should never play at striking at matches. 
 You mustn't make bonfires unless a grown-up 
 person is helping you, and remember that it 
 is always safest not to come close to any kind 
 of fire. Fire leaps up with a roar when gaso- 
 line or kerosene comes near it, so never throw 
 either on a fire. If your clothing should ever 
 catch fire, do not run, but lie down and roll 
 on the ground, or wrap yourself in a coat or 
 blanket. 
 
 "Water is another one of the friends that you 
 must be careful about. If you can't swim, never 
 wade out into deep water, or play on bridges 
 and banks above streams. When you are in a 
 rowboat, sit quietly. 
 
 "One of the most powerful friends that you 
 
156 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 have is electricity. He lights your houses, moves 
 trolley cars and trains, and performs more won- 
 ders than all the gods together could do in the 
 old days. The electricity you use travels in 
 
 A whole street is fenced off for roller skating in the City of 
 Safety First. 
 
 wires. Most wires are guarded so that the elec- 
 tricity can't jump out, but sometimes electricity 
 cannot do the work it has to do if it is covered 
 up. It is safest never to handle any wires, for 
 the touch of electricity is very dangerous." 
 
 Minerva stopped talking just as the little party 
 
CAREFULNESS 157 
 
 came to the outskirts of a city. "This is the City 
 of Safety First," said Mercury. Tom and Sally 
 noticed that when children wanted to cross the 
 crowded streets, they waited for the policeman to 
 tell them to start. They came to one street that 
 was fenced off, and here crowds of children on 
 roller skates were shouting and racing back and 
 forth, without having to dodge automobiles. 
 
 A trolley car stopped near by, and Tom saw 
 that the boy who stepped off faced forward as he 
 left the car. 
 
 "City streets are another thing to be careful 
 about," said Minerva. "Boys, especially, like 
 to dash in and out of traffic on roller skates. They 
 think it great fun to steal rides on moving trucks 
 and wagons." 
 
 Tom grinned. "The fellows call you 'fraid 
 cat' unless you do," he said. 
 
 "That doesn't prove that you really are afraid, 
 does it?" asked Minerva frowning. "People who 
 are really brave never have time to do foolish 
 things. There are so many things in the world 
 to be brave about that it isn't necessary to make 
 up extra dangers to prove your courage. Don't 
 you think it would look silly for a fireman to 
 wave a tin can full of burning paper around his 
 
158 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 head to prove that he isn't afraid of fire? Or for 
 the member of a life-saving crew to rock a boat 
 just to show that he isn't afraid of water? 
 
 "Brave people don't do dangerous things unless 
 it is necessary. You know that life is the most 
 wonderful thing in the world. If you do silly 
 things, like jumping on the back of moving wagons 
 or playing with fire, you are putting your life in 
 danger. 
 
 "Perhaps you have heard people say, 'He is 
 as timid as a mouse.' Mice are great cowards. 
 Once they had a meeting and decided that the 
 only way to be safe was to hang a bell around 
 Mrs. Cat's neck so that they would hear her com- 
 ing. And yet not one single mouse could be 
 found who would face the very real danger of 
 'belling the cat.' 
 
 "The next day two mice who had been at the 
 meeting came upon a mouse-trap. 'What a 
 queer-looking thing!' said one. 'It has toasted 
 cheese in it too, um um!' 
 
 "I know where to find some cheese on the 
 pantry shelf,' said the other. 'I don't like the 
 look of that thing.' 
 
 '"Fraid cat!' jeered the first mouse. 'I dare 
 you to put your head in.' Of course, the two little 
 
160 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 mice had to stick their heads in after that, and 
 click! they were caught fast. If they had died 
 belling the cat, they would have been remembered 
 forever as great heroes. As it was, the old grand- 
 father mice shook their heads gravely and said, 
 'How very silly!' 
 
 "Always remember this: It isn't a proof of 
 courage to take a dare. Brave people fear danger. 
 They face it only to save the lives of others or to 
 do their duty. They never risk their lives to 
 'show off' or to do foolish things. They know 
 that they can have just as much fun doing safe 
 things as dangerous ones." 
 
 Tom looked serious and nodded his head. "I'll 
 remember," he promised. Then he shouted, 
 "Why, we're almost in Happy Village. I see the 
 red roof of the farmhouse." 
 
 "So we are," said Minerva peering ahead. 
 "You have just time to learn the law of careful- 
 ness, and to answer the questions on the lesson 
 before we reach it." 
 
 This is the law: 
 
 I must be careful about fire 
 
 And crowded streets and hanging wire; 
 
 I must not take a foolish dare 
 
 Or play with danger anywhere. 
 
CAREFULNESS 161 
 
 These are the questions that Tom and Sally 
 answered : 
 
 1. Name three things that are your friends when you 
 treat them properly and your enemies when you are care- 
 less with them. 
 
 2. How can we be careful about fire? 
 
 3. Elsie and Ted were in the living-room when little Ethel 
 ran too near the open fire. As her light dress flamed up, 
 Elsie opened the outside door and screamed for help. Ted 
 pulled Ethel to the floor and rolled her up in the big rug. 
 Why was Elsie's action dangerous? Why was Ted's wise? 
 
 4. Tell the story of Phaeton and the chariot of the sun. 
 
 5. How can we be careful about water? 
 
 6. How can we guard against harm from electricity? 
 
 7. WTiat is the proper way to step off a trolley car? 
 
 8. What is the proper way to cross a crowded street? 
 
 9. Bob likes to dash across the street while the traffic is 
 moving. He says, "Why not? The policeman has never 
 caught me at it." What do you think of his remark? 
 
 10. Mr. Perkins was burning a great heap of leaves in his 
 front yard. Two boys came along. "I dare you to jump 
 over that fire," said one of them. Do you think the other 
 boy should have taken the dare? Why? 
 
 11. Why is it not a brave thing to take a dare? 
 
 12. Tell a story to show that taking a dare is not a proof 
 of courage. 
 
 13. Make a set of safety rules regarding things that you 
 yourself need to be especially careful about. 
 
 14. Imagine that you live in a big city. You are talking 
 to your cousin who lives in the country. Describe a play- 
 ground in a fenced-off street and tell about the games that are 
 played there. 
 
CHAPTER XVII 
 HAPPY VILLAGE 
 
 Minerva left the party at the outskirts of Happy 
 Village, but Mercury stayed with the children, 
 as he was to guide them on their tour of inspec- 
 tion. "We'll go into the barn of the farm first," 
 said Mercury. 
 
 Inside the barn they found the farmer washing 
 his hands at a faucet set in the wall. "He's 
 going to milk the cow," whispered Mercury. 
 "In the Land of Health all cows are milked with 
 clean hands." 
 
 The children followed the farmer as he went 
 with his shining pail into the cow's stable. It 
 was sweet-smelling and clean. After the farmer 
 had milked his pail full, he gave each of the chil- 
 dren a drink. 
 
 Then Mercury and the children left the farm 
 and walked down the village street toward the 
 grocery store. "The cities of the Land of Health 
 get their milk from big dairy farms where hun- 
 dreds of cows are kept," explained Mercury as 
 they went along. "Every single cow is kept as 
 
 162 
 
HAPPY VILLAGE 163 
 
 clean as the one you have just seen. The cans 
 in which the milk is sent to the cities are scoured 
 every day until they shine. 
 
 "Every person who handles the milk, from the 
 men who milk the cows to the men who put the 
 bottles on the doorsteps in the cities, must be 
 very careful that the milk is kept pure and clean. 
 The people who use the milk are careful about it 
 too. They never leave it in an uncovered bottle 
 or dish. They wash off the top of the bottle 
 before they pour out the milk and they keep the 
 milk in a cool place." 
 
 By this time the little party had arrived at the 
 grocery store. The grocer was standing on the 
 steps looking up at the sky. A great white apron 
 almost covered him from top to toe, and he smiled 
 all over his fat red face when he saw the children. 
 "A fine day! A fine day!" he exclaimed, rubbing 
 his hands. 
 
 "Mr. Button, this is Tom and this is Sally," 
 said Mercury, introducing them to each other. 
 "They have come to inspect your grocery store." 
 
 "Well, this is a surprise," said Mr. 'Button, 
 opening the screen door. "Walk in! Walk in! 
 I'm always glad to have callers." 
 
 A long counter with glass cases covering half 
 
164 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 of it ran along one side of the room, and on the 
 other side stood a row of bins, barrels, and boxes. 
 In the back Tom saw a butcher's block. Rows 
 and rows of tin cans lined the shelves around the 
 
 The enemy germs can't do any harm in this grocery store. 
 
 walls. The store was spotless. Sally couldn't 
 see a single fly. 
 
 "You can see, children," said Mercury, "that 
 all the food is kept covered. The meat is in a 
 cold room at the back. A fly wouldn't find any- 
 thing to eat, even if he could get in." 
 
 Mr. Button bustled about and showed the 
 children where he kept everything. Diving down 
 into the cool depths of a barrel, he came up with 
 two shiny red apples. Tom reached out his hand. 
 
 "Not so fast, young man," said Mr. Button. 
 
HAPPY VILLAGE 165 
 
 "You're in the Land of Health, you know." He 
 went to a faucet behind the counter, washed the 
 apples, and dried them on a clean cloth. 
 
 "Can't be too careful," he said, giving each 
 of the children an apple. "We think we have 
 conquered the enemy germs, but they manage 
 to hide themselves, even in the Land of Health. 
 I know them! They can't fool me." His face 
 became so red with rage that Tom was sure it 
 would burst. 
 
 "Thank you very much, Mr. Button," said 
 Mercury, drawing the children to the door. "We 
 must go now. W r e have to inspect the school 
 before closing time." 
 
 "Sorry you can't stay longer," replied Mr. 
 Button, calming down as he opened the door. 
 "Come again, won't you?" 
 
 When the party was in the street once more, 
 Sally almost doubled up with laughter. "What 
 a funny little man!" she exclaimed. 
 
 "Yes," said Mercury smiling, "but he knows 
 his business. He is very kind-hearted, but the 
 very thought of germs puts him in a great rage. 
 Here we are at the school," he went on, opening 
 a little gate. 
 
 The schoolhouse was of red brick. It was sur- 
 
166 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 rounded by a large playground. A baseball 
 diamond was laid out at one side, and under an 
 elm tree in the corner were swings and sand piles. 
 Mercury and the children marched up to the 
 door of the schoolhouse. "This is a three-room 
 school," whispered Mercury, walking in with- 
 out knocking. 
 
 Across the hall through a partly opened door, 
 Tom and Sally saw a pleasant, sunshiny room 
 with the windows open, top and bottom. Mer- 
 cury poked his head through the opening and 
 caught the teacher's eye. She nodded and smiled, 
 and Mercury turned to the children behind 
 him. "It's all right," he whispered, "we can 
 go in." 
 
 They tiptoed in and took seats at the back. 
 Tom and Sally saw that the children were about 
 their own age. A scale stood against one wall, 
 and beside it hung a sheet for putting down the 
 heights and weights of all the children. 
 
 "Do you see that all the children are sitting 
 with backs straight and feet touching the floor?" 
 whispered Mercury. 
 
 A water cooler stood near the teacher's desk, 
 and Tom saw one boy make himself a paper cup 
 and then get a drink. "I'll show you how he 
 
HAPPY VILLAGE 
 
 167 
 
 did it," said Mercury, pulling a piece of paper 
 out of the desk at which he was sitting. Soon 
 Tom found that he could make a cup as fast as 
 any of the other children. 
 
 Then the teacher spoke to Mercury. "It is 
 time for the class in the government and history 
 
 A Piece of Paper 
 7 Inches Square 
 
 t>/ FofdAonB 
 along the Line 
 #- C 
 
 Fold D on r 
 
 on the Line 
 
 A - -C 
 
 Insert A in fold B Back and 
 
 Fold Con E overD. Double Foldo/ C Open atony t/ieLmeE F 
 
 This is how Mercury taught Tom to make a paper drinking cup. 
 See if you can make one. 
 
 of the Land of Health," she said. "Would you 
 and your friends like to stay and hear the chil- 
 dren recite?" 
 
 "Yes, indeed," replied Mercury. "We'd like 
 it very much." 
 
 The class moved to the front of the room and 
 sat down. 
 
168 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "John," began the teacher, "please describe 
 the government of the Land of Health." 
 
 John, a rosy-cheeked boy, stood up. "The 
 Land of Health is governed by Queen Nature 
 and her ministers, Mr. Wind, Madame Rain, 
 my Lord the Sun, Sir Food, and Lady Sleep. 
 Queen Nature makes the laws and the ministers 
 see that they are carried out. Judge Scales can 
 tell Queen Nature whether the citizens have 
 obeyed the laws or not. 
 
 "Citizens must be weighed each month and 
 measured every four months. If they weigh 
 what they should for their height and age, Queen 
 Nature knows they have been keeping her laws. 
 If any citizens are below their proper weight, 
 they must leave the country. They can come 
 back just as soon as Judge Scales tells Queen 
 Nature that they are keeping the laws again." 
 
 "That is very good," said the teacher, smiling 
 at John. "Dorothy, please tell us how Happy 
 Village won a place in the Land of Health." 
 
 Dorothy began talking before she left her seat. 
 "Happy Village was once called Grumpytown. 
 It was just over the border in the country of the 
 enemy. One day a boy named Jack, who lived 
 in the town, thought he would like to see the 
 
HAPPY VILLAGE 
 
 169 
 
 world. He was an unpleasant little boy and very 
 dirty. One night he managed to crawl through 
 a hole that he cut in the screen wall with a pocket 
 knife. He wandered along through the dark 
 until just at dawn he came to the City of Smiles. 
 
 Grumpy Jack sees a smile for the first time in his life. 
 
 The first person he met was a red-cheeked old 
 lady, who held up her hands and said 'Alack-a- 
 day!' when she saw Jack. 'How did such a very 
 dirty little boy ever get into the Land of Health?' 
 she wondered out loud. Then she smiled. 
 
 "A queer thing happened to Jack. He felt 
 warm and cosy inside. He had never seen a 
 smile before. The old lady took him into her 
 
170 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 cottage, washed his face and hands with warm 
 water and soap, and gave him a large glass of 
 milk and a thick slice of brown bread and butter. 
 Jack had never tasted anything so good in his 
 life before. He liked the old lady and her smile 
 so much that he stayed with her a long time. 
 
 "He was a curious boy, you remember, or he 
 would never have wanted to go out and see the 
 world. While he was in the City of Smiles, he 
 learned what a village or a city must be like to 
 be in the Land of Health. He also learned to 
 smile. 
 
 "One night he went back to Grumpy town. 
 He could hardly squeeze through the hole he had 
 made in the wall because he had gained so many 
 pounds. The next morning he went up and down 
 the dirty streets smiling at every one he met, 
 until all the people in the town felt pleasant 
 inside. Then he stood up on a pile of boxes and 
 made a speech. He told the people what he had 
 seen in the Land of Health and how fine it was 
 to belong to that country. A few old graybeards 
 shook their heads, but Jack and his smile carried 
 the day. 
 
 "A Village Improvement Society was formed 
 with Jack at the head. He soon had all the boys 
 
Class-Room Weight Record 
 
 When Tom and Sally visited the schoolroom in Happy Village, 
 they noticed that the children wrote their own names and 
 what they weighed each month on the Class-Room Weight 
 Record. 
 
 (Upper portion of Class-Room Weight Record. Used by 
 courtesy of the Child Health Organization of America.) 
 
 171 
 
172 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 and girls picking up papers and tin cans and fruit 
 skins from the sidewalks. Trees and flowers 
 were planted along all the streets. The grown- 
 up people had a meeting and voted money for a 
 Street Cleaning Department and a Board of 
 Health. Every citizen painted his house and 
 cleaned up his own dooryard The people in 
 Grumpytown had never liked each other, but as 
 soon as they learned to smile, they found it was 
 fun to play and work together. 
 
 "The citizens of the Land of Health didn't 
 know what was going on in Grumpytown. Jack 
 wanted to surprise them. One morning when 
 the town was as clean and lovely as it is to-day, 
 Jack went over to the wall and invited Yellow 
 and Mr. Wind to pay a visit to the village. They 
 didn't want to go at all, because they hated 
 Grumpytown and had always been treated very 
 rudely whenever they had been there before. 
 But they thought it was their duty to go. 
 
 "They were the most surprised persons you 
 ever met when they saw the beautiful place 
 Grumpytown had become. They ran back to the 
 wall and gave an order. The wall rose right up 
 in the air and sailed over the town and came 
 down on the other side. Queen Nature was so 
 
HAPPY VILLAGE 173 
 
 pleased that she renamed the town Happy Vil- 
 lage." 
 
 Sally clapped her hands. "Oh, what a lovely 
 story!" she cried. Then she looked frightened. 
 She had forgotten she was in school. The teacher 
 smiled at her. "It doesn't matter," she said 
 kindly. "It's almost time for school to be dis- 
 missed. We will all go, after Peter has told us 
 the duties of the Happy Village Board of Health." 
 
 Peter jumped to his feet. "The Board of Health 
 is responsible for the health of the whole com- 
 munity," he began. "If a germ should manage 
 to find its way past the guardians of the wall, 
 and give a boy or girl measles or scarlet fever, 
 the Board of Health sees to it that the disease 
 doesn't have a chance to spread. Special doctors 
 and nurses belonging to the Board of Health 
 spend all their time guarding the health of the 
 citizens." 
 
 When Peter had finished his recitation, the 
 teacher dismissed the school. Tom and Mer- 
 cury and Sally marched out with the school 
 children. Across the street from the school the 
 Town Hall stood. "We will visit that next," 
 said Mercury with a twinkle in his eye, "and on 
 the way, I will ask you the questions." 
 
174 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 These were his questions: 
 
 1. How is milk taken care of to keep it clean? 
 
 2. Think of some grocery store that you know. Describe 
 it and tell why you think the food from it would be clean 
 or dirty. 
 
 3. Eleanor was very small. She wanted to sit in one of 
 the back seats in the classroom where the taller girls sat. 
 Why do you suppose the teacher would not let Eleanor 
 change her seat? 
 
 4. "Nancy is a selfish girl," said Elsie. "She tore up her 
 paper drinking cup after she had used it instead of letting 
 me use it." What do you think about Nancy? 
 
 5. In what way can your teacher or your parents tell 
 whether you have been keeping the rules of health? 
 
 6. What do you think were the main reasons that Grumpy- 
 town became Happy Village? 
 
 7. What does the Board of Health do for a town? 
 
 8. If Jack had started an Improvement Society in your 
 town, what would he have found to do? 
 
 9. Make up a little play about Grumpy town and Happy 
 Village. The play may begin where Jack comes back from 
 the Land of Health. 
 
CHAPTER XVIII 
 
 FULL CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF 
 HEALTH 
 
 "We'll go to the courtroom first of all," said 
 Mercury as he and the children entered the Town 
 Hall. Tom and Sally tiptoed breathlessly up 
 the wide marble steps. They knew that some- 
 thing was going to happen, for Mercury had been 
 chuckling and winking at every one he passed. 
 At last they reached the big double doors of 
 the courtroom. The children saw Yellow stand- 
 ing in front of them. 
 
 "Goodness, but you're slow," he grumbled. 
 "We've been waiting for you fifteen minutes." 
 
 "Well, well," said Mercury cheerfully, "no 
 one ever called me slow before." 
 
 Yellow didn't pay any attention to him. " Shut 
 your eyes, children," he said excitedly. Tom 
 and Sally screwed up their eyes tight. Mercury 
 took hold of Tom's hand and Yellow held Sally's. 
 "Now!" cried Yellow, "open your eyes." 
 
 "Open your eyes, children," said a kind voice 
 
 that they seemed to know. 
 
 175 
 
176 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Tom and Sally stood blinking in astonishment 
 at what they saw when their eyes flew open. On 
 a high seat at the front of the room sat Dame Na- 
 ture in a beautiful gown of green velvet. She 
 wore a crown of apple blossoms. At her right 
 hand sat Sir Food and Lady Sleep, and at her 
 left were Mr. Wind and Madame Rain. x Sir Food 
 Jiad on new red trousers, a yellow waistcoat, and 
 a high white collar. He had left off his cap and 
 apron in honor of the occasion. He winked at 
 Tom very solemnly. 
 
 At Dame Nature's feet sat the six courtiers 
 of my Lord the Sun: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green 
 Blue, and Violet. Yellow grinned at Tom. "Don't 
 you wish you could change places as quickly as I 
 can?" he called. 
 
 "Silence!" thundered a voice from the right 
 side of the room. Both children turned to see who 
 had spoken. They saw Judge Scales standing 
 on a platform. ^ He looked stiff er than ever. 
 "Come over here, you two," he said, clearing 
 his throat. 
 
 The teacher was standing beside the platform 
 and all her children were sitting in seats facing 
 it. The teacher told Sally to step up on the plat- 
 form. Then she pulled a rod out of one of Judge 
 
Tom and Sally, when their eyes flew open, found themselves before 
 Dame Nature and her ministers. 
 
 177 
 
178 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Scales's pockets and measured her. After that 
 the Judge rattled a great deal and cleared his 
 throat several times. Finally he announced: 
 "She weighs 58 pounds. How tall is she and what 
 is her age?" 
 
 "She is 50 inches tall and she was nine on her 
 last birthday," said the teacher. 
 
 Judge Scales's face broke into a smile. " Good ! " 
 he cried. "Congratulations! You have passed 
 the first test with high honors. Now, young sir, 
 let us see if you can do as well as your sister." 
 
 Tom stepped boldly on the platform and was 
 measured. After more clanking and rattling, the 
 Judge said, "63 pounds." 
 
 The teacher then announced: "He is 51 inches 
 tall and he was ten years old on his last birth- 
 day." 
 
 "Well, upon my word!" said the Judge, "you 
 have done very well, young man. They both 
 weigh exactly the number of pounds they should, 
 Madame," he said, turning to Dame Nature. "I 
 recommend that you proceed with the rest of 
 the examination." 
 
 Mercury, who had been standing near the door, 
 now led the children to the foot of the throne 
 on which Dame Nature sat surrounded by her 
 
CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 ministers. "I am so glad that you have passed 
 the weight test," said Dame Nature smiling. 
 "The rest will be easy. You may begin," she 
 said, nodding to Mr. Wind. 
 
 Sally begins her examination for citizenship papers. 
 
 Mr. Wind puffed out his cheeks to look 
 very fierce, but Tom saw the twinkle in his eye. 
 "Tom," he said, "what is the law about fresh 
 air?" 
 
 Tom recited promptly: 
 
180 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 "I must always breathe fresh air 
 In rainy weather and in fair." 
 
 "Right!" said Mr. Wind. "Sally, repeat the 
 law on exercise." 
 
 Sally looked a little frightened, but she put 
 her shoulders back and held up her head. Then 
 she remembered this law: 
 
 "I must hold my body straight, 
 
 Bold and fearless, all day long. 
 
 I must try, in work and play, 
 
 To make my muscles firm and strong." 
 
 She said it so well that every one clapped. 
 Mr. Wind looked as if he were very much pleased 
 with himself. He bowed to Dame Nature. "Ma- 
 dame," he said, "these children are a great credit 
 to me. I pass them with honor to Madame Rain." 
 
 Madame Rain stepped forward, patter pat- 
 ter. "Tom," she tinkled in a voice like falling 
 water, "please tell us the third law of the Land 
 of Health." 
 
 Tom cleared his throat, and then gave this law: 
 
 "Four glasses full of water 
 I must drink each day; 
 
 If I'm not sure 
 
 That it is pure, 
 I'll boil the germs away." 
 
CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF HEALTH 181 
 
 Madame Rain nodded and smiled. "Please 
 recite the law of cleanliness, Sally." 
 
 Sally felt very sure of herself now. She spoke 
 her lines in a good clear voice: 
 
 "I must give the best of care 
 To my skin and to my hair; 
 Twice a week at least, I know 
 That I must bathe from head to toe." 
 
 "Now then," said Madame Rain, "both of 
 you show these people how to clean their teeth." 
 
 Tom and Sally grinned, showing their own 
 white, even teeth. Then they chanted together, 
 making the motions with their hands: 
 
 "Up and down, 
 And round and round, 
 I brush my teeth, 
 To keep them sound. 
 To keep them sound 
 And clean and white, 
 I brush them morning, 
 Noon, and night." 
 
 Every one laughed and clapped. Madame 
 Rain's face looked like a rainbow. "I'm proud 
 of you," she said to the children. "I pass you 
 to Sir Food." 
 
 Sir Food bustled forward and stuck one hand 
 
182 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 in his yellow waistcoat. He puckered his brow 
 and thought for a moment. Then he looked at 
 Tom. "Attention, young man! What is the law 
 about food?" 
 
 Tom spoke up briskly: 
 
 "The proper foods for me to eat 
 
 Are simple ones and clean. 
 
 A pint of milk each day I need, 
 
 And vegetables green. 
 
 The time to eat is during meals, 
 
 And never in between." 
 
 Sir Food rubbed his hands with glee. "Very 
 good," he exploded. "Now, Sally, what is the 
 law about removing waste from the body?" 
 
 Sally replied quickly: 
 
 "Every day I must take pride 
 In cleaning out myself inside." 
 
 Sir Food nodded at her pleasantly, and then 
 asked Tom to give the law about stimulants. 
 Tom chanted: 
 
 "Coffee, alcohol, and tea, 
 I know are very bad for me." 
 
 Turning to Lady Sleep, Sir Food announced 
 grandly: "I pass them both. They are now 
 ready for your examination." 
 
CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF HEALTH 183 
 
 Lady Sleep in a low voice asked Tom and Sally 
 to repeat the law on sleep together. 
 They promptly recited: 
 
 "To keep my body at its best, 
 Eleven hours I must rest. 
 At eight to bed and up at seven 
 Will surely count up to eleven." 
 
 The six courtiers of my Lord the Sun began 
 to count very fast on their fingers. Every one 
 watched breathlessly until they had finished. 
 "Right!" cried Yellow at last. "Now then, 
 Tom, what does sunlight do to germs?" 
 
 Tom shouted: 
 
 "If you want the germs to run, 
 Let them see my Lord the Sun! " 
 
 "And what should you do, yourself, to be 
 sure not to get germ diseases?" 
 Tom continued: 
 
 "Sickness germs I must defeat, 
 And so I wash before I eat; 
 I never touch my nose or lips 
 With pencils, coins, or finger-tips. 
 I keep away from those who sneeze, 
 For they may have a germ disease; 
 And when I cough or sneeze or sniff, 
 I do it in a handkerchief." 
 
184 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Yellow turned to Sally. "What do you know 
 about clothes?" he asked. 
 Sally answered: 
 
 "Wool or cotton, fur or leather, 
 Proper clothing suits the weather; 
 Loose it is from neck to feet, 
 And always tidy, clean, and sweet." 
 
 "I'm just in time, am I not?" said a voice 
 from the door. Tom and Sally turned to see 
 Minerva standing there with an owl perched on 
 her shoulder. "Tom," she said, "tell them the 
 law about carefulness." 
 
 Tom had it on the tip of his tongue: 
 
 "I must be careful about fire 
 
 And crowded streets and hanging wire; 
 
 I must not take a foolish dare 
 
 Or play with danger anywhere." 
 
 "Be sure you don't forget it," said Minerva, 
 as she turned to go. 
 
 Dame Nature then stood up. "Tom and 
 Sally," she said, "you have done very well in- 
 deed. We are all glad to welcome you into full 
 citizenship in the Land of Health. First you 
 must make the promise of allegiance. Judge 
 
CITIZENSHIP IN THE LAND OF HEALTH 185 
 
 Scales," she said, turning to that gentleman, 
 "will you read it to them?" 
 
 The Judge stood up and felt around in his 
 pockets. At last he pulled from one of them a 
 paper that he unrolled with great ceremony. 
 " Hold up your right hands," he commanded. 
 " Now repeat this promise after me." The room 
 became very still as first the rumbling voice of 
 the Judge, and then the clear high voices of Tom 
 and Sally recited this promise of allegiance: 
 
 I promise to obey all the 
 laws of the Land of Health as 
 long as I live. I will work with 
 others to fight the enemy 
 germs, and to extend the ter- 
 ritory of the Land of Health. 
 
 Then the Judge took two more papers from 
 one of his pockets and handed them to Dame 
 Nature. As she gave them to Tom and Sally, 
 all the people in the courtroom stood up. They 
 watched with eager eyes as the children read 
 their certificates of citizenship in the Land of 
 Health. 
 
 " Read it out loud," cried Yellow to Tom, as 
 if he couldn't keep still any longer. And this 
 is what Tom read: 
 
To ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN 
 
 This is to certify that *Jom 
 weighs what he should for his 
 height and age. 
 
 His cheeks are rosy, his eyes 
 are bright, and he holds himself 
 straight. 
 
 He knows all the laws of the 
 Land of Health. 
 
 He is hereby admitted to full 
 citizenship in the Land of 
 Health, to enjoy all the rights 
 and privileges, and to share all 
 the duties that citizenship brings 
 with it. 
 
EXERCISES THAT HELP YOU TO BE 
 STRONG AND WELL 1 
 
 BY WALTER CAMP 
 
 Here are a few exercises or games that will 
 help every boy and girl to become stronger and 
 better at his games and his work. These games 
 are called setting-up exercises. They are exercises 
 to make the body grow properly, to make you 
 stand properly, to enable you to have good lungs 
 and a good heart, and to have, as you grow up, a 
 better chance for that health and enjoyment which 
 is the best part of life. 
 
 With the descriptions below, and with the help 
 of teachers or parents or big brothers, any child 
 can easily learn to do these exercises. 
 
 WINDING UP THE CLOCK 
 
 The first of the exercises we will call "Winding 
 Up the Clock," because, if you do it properly, you 
 will make circles with your hands, while your 
 shoulders feel as though they were turning, and 
 your shoulder blades feel as if they \vere almost 
 meeting at the back. 
 
 1 Copyright, 1920, by Charles E. Merrill Co. 
 187 
 
188 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Always stand squarely on the feet with heels 
 separated about 5 inches, and feet pointing near- 
 ly straight forward, arms 
 hanging easily at the sides, 
 chest slightly raised, and 
 head up. 
 
 FIRST EXERCISE. Raise 
 arms sideways to horizon- 
 tal position. Turn the 
 palms upward and force 
 the arms back as far as 
 lg< ' possible. While in this 
 
 position, count slowly from one to four, and at 
 each count describe a complete circle about 12 
 inches in diameter, the arms remaining stiff and 
 pivoting from the shoulders. Then reverse the 
 direction of the circles, and do another four. See 
 Fig. I- 
 
 PLAYING THE BIRD 
 
 The second of these exercises we will call "Play- 
 ing the Bird," for the motions, as you will easily 
 see, are like those of a gull's wings, the arms and 
 hands being lifted up to an angle of about 45 
 degrees and then lowered until they are horizontal. 
 At the same time you go up on your toes and 
 
EXERCISES 189 
 
 breathe in, filling the lungs as the arms go up, and 
 letting the breath come out again as arms and feet 
 go down. 
 
 SECOND EXERCISE. Raise arms sideways to hori- 
 zontal. While taking a deep breath, raise the arms 
 to an angle of 45 degrees, and also raise the heels 
 until you are resting on the balls of the feet. Then, 
 while you slowly let out the breath, come back to 
 the original position, feet flat on the floor, arms 
 horizontal. Be careful not to raise the arms more 
 than 45 degrees, or return them to below hori- 
 zontal. Do this four times. See Fig. II. 
 
 UNDER THE Low BRIDGE 
 
 The third exercise we will call "Under the Low 
 Bridge." When you follow the directions, you will 
 find that you are stooping down with your fingers 
 pressed against the back of your head, but that you 
 are looking up as if you wanted to make sure that 
 you would go safely under the bridge. 
 
 THIRD EXERCISE. Raise arms, as before, to hori- 
 zontal. Place hands behind the neck, index fingers 
 touching, elbows forced back. While in this posi- 
 tion, bend the body slowly forward from the 
 w r aist as far as possible. Keep the head up as you 
 go down, so that the eyes are still looking forward 
 
190 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Fig. II. Fig. HI. 
 
 or toward the leader, if you are doing the exercise 
 with a group of other children. Return to upright 
 position, and bend backward just a little. Do not 
 make these movements jerky and do not hurry 
 through them. Repeat the whole movement, 
 bending forward, then straightening up, then bend- 
 ing backward four times. See Fig. III. 
 
 DRINKING THE Am 
 
 We will call the fourth exercise "Drinking the 
 Air," for that is what it really is. By following the 
 directions, you curl your fists up under your arm- 
 pits, at the same time drawing in the breath and 
 letting the head and shoulders go back until you 
 are looking up straight in the air. Then, as you 
 
EXERCISES 191 
 
 put the arms forward and commence to bend 
 down, you breathe out, letting the air go slowly 
 out of your lungs while the hands and arms go 
 back past the body and up as high over your back 
 as possible. 
 
 FOURTH EXERCISE. (A) Raise arms, as before, 
 to horizontal. Move the right foot sideways 
 
 Fig. IV A. Fig. IV B. 
 
 12 inches from the left. Slowly bend the fists and 
 lower arms downward from the elbows. Then 
 curl the fists upw r ard into the armpits, bending the 
 head backward meanwhile until you look upward 
 at the ceiling. Take a deep breath as you bend 
 the head back. Let the air begin to come out 
 slowly, as you return to the original position, head 
 erect, fists still in the armpits. See Fig. IV A. 
 (B) Then without resting, still letting the breath 
 
192 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 come out, extend the arms straight forward from 
 the shoulders, palms down. Let the arms begin 
 to fall and the body to bend forward from the 
 waist, head up, eyes to the front, until the body 
 has bent as far as possible, and the arms have 
 passed the sides and been forced back arid up as 
 far as they will go. Another deep breath should 
 be taken slowly as you curl your arms again, and 
 exhaled as they come down once more. 
 
 Do the whole exercise (A and B) four times. 
 See Fig. IV B. 
 
 SWIMMING THE CRAWL 
 
 The fifth exercise we will call "Swimming the 
 Crawl," that is, swimming the crawl stroke, for, 
 as one arm and hand go up in the air, 
 the other arm and hand slide down 
 the side of the body. 
 
 FIFTH EXERCISE. Raise arms side- 
 ways to horizontal. Turn the left 
 palm upward; then raise the left arm 
 and lower the right, until the right is 
 down close to the side, and the left is 
 straight up overhead. Slowly bend 
 
 the bodv sideways to the right from 
 Fig V 
 
 the waist, the right arm slipping down 
 
EXERCISES 193 
 
 the right leg to or below the knee, and the left arm 
 bending in half a circle downward over the head, 
 until the fingers touch the right ear. Return to 
 original position, with arms horizontal, and go 
 down the other way, the left arm slipping along the 
 left leg, the right arm bending downward in half a 
 circle over the left ear. Do this four times. See 
 Fig. V. 
 
 PLAYING THE FROG 
 
 The sixth exercise is called "Playing the Frog." 
 Here, extending the arms sideways straight out 
 from the shoulders, keeping the back straight and 
 standing on the toes, you go down, gathering the 
 legs under you just as the frog does when he is 
 preparing to leap. You should be careful to keep 
 on the toes and to keep the body well balanced. 
 
 SIXTH EXERCISE. Move the right foot sideways 
 until the heels are about 12 inches apart. Raise 
 arms to horizontal. Rise on the ball of the foot. 
 Bend the knees and, with the weight on the toes, 
 lower the body almost to the heels, keeping the 
 trunk as nearly erect as possible. Return to 
 original position, knees straight, and let the heels 
 go down to the floor. Do this four times. See 
 Fig. VI. 
 
194 
 
 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 SWAYING IN THE GALE 
 
 We will call the seventh exercise "Swaying in 
 the Gale," for when your arms are extended 
 straight up against the ears, and your hands are 
 clasped, the body is like the mast of a ship. You 
 sway your body around in a circle, as the mast of a 
 ship sways in a gale. 
 
 c : 
 
 Fig. VI. Fig. VH. 
 
 SEVENTH EXERCISE. Raise arms to horizontal. 
 Stretch the arms straight above the head, interlock 
 the fingers, arms touching ears. Then, the arms 
 being still straight up, describe a complete circle 
 about 24 inches in diameter with the interlocked 
 hands, the body bending only at the waist. Do 
 this three times, 
 
EXERCISES 195 
 
 Then repeat the movement three times, in the 
 opposite direction. 
 
 Go through the entire movement slowly and 
 steadily, bending the body chiefly from the hips. 
 See Fig. VII. 
 
 SOWING THE WHEAT 
 
 The eighth exercise we will call "Sowing the 
 Wheat." Keeping the arms extended and turning 
 at the hips, you first place one hand on the ground, 
 bending the knee on the side towards which you 
 go down, and keeping the other knee straight. 
 Then, having touched the ground with one hand, 
 you swing up and, turning the body, 
 place the other hand on the ground in 
 the same way, bending the other 
 knee. 
 
 EIGHTH EXERCISE (A) Move the 
 right foot until the heels are about 
 12 inches apart. Raise arms to hori- 
 zontal and turn the body to the left 
 from the hips, the arms remaining 
 horizontal until the face is to the 
 left, the right arm pointing straight forward, and 
 the left arm straight backward. See Fig. VIII A. 
 
 (B) While in this position, bend the body from 
 
196 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 the waist, so that the right arm goes down until 
 the right fingers touch the floor midway between 
 the feet, and the left arm goes up. The right knee 
 must be slightly bent to accomplish this. See 
 Fig. VIII B. Return to the original 
 position, body erect, arms horizontal. 
 
 Reverse the movement, turning the 
 body to the right this time until the 
 left hand points straight forward. 
 Then bend downward until the fingers 
 of the left hand touch the floor. Re- 
 turn to the original position. 
 Fig. VIII B. After you have mastered the exer- 
 cise, you can go through it (A and B) in one con- 
 tinuous motion. 
 
 Repeat the whole exercise (A and B), first to the 
 right, then to the left, four times. 
 
 LEARNING TO FLY 
 
 The ninth exercise is called "Learning to Fly." 
 In this exercise you lift the arms straight up over 
 the head, taking in a good breath at the same time. 
 Then you begin to lean forward at the waist, letting 
 the arms come down past the hips. At the same 
 time you let out the breath from the lungs and 
 carry the arms back above the shoulders as you 
 
EXERCISES 197 
 
 did in the exercise of "Drinking the Air." By this 
 time, the breath is out of the lungs, and as you 
 bring the hands down past the hips and out in 
 front of you, you begin to inhale. Then you 
 spread the hands and arms apart, out to the hori- 
 zontal, taking in a little more breath. By the time 
 you finally lift the hands directly above the head, 
 as in the first motion, you have a full breath of air 
 in the lungs. 
 
 NINTH EXERCISE. Raise arms to horizontal, 
 taking in a slow breath; then upward until they are 
 straight overhead. Let them fall forward 
 and downward, while the body bends for- 
 ward from the waist, until the arms have 
 passed the sides, and been forced upward 
 and backward as far as possible, just as in 
 Exercise 5, Fig. V. Remember, as you bend 
 forward, to keep the head up, and the eyes 
 to the front and let the breath come out. 
 
 Straighten the body upright again with 
 the arms overhead, drawing in the breath. 
 Lower the arms to the horizontal posi- Fig. IX. 
 tion, with the palms turned downward, and the 
 arms and shoulders forced back hard. Then 
 bring the arms out to horizontal, and begin the 
 movement again by raising them as before. 
 
198 THE LAND OF HEALTH 
 
 Repeat this entire movement slowly four times, 
 forcing the air out of the lungs as the body bends 
 forward, and filling the lungs again as the body 
 straightens. See Fig. IX. 
 
TABLE OF FOOD VALUES 
 
 We measure the energy-producing value of foods in 
 calories, just as flour is measured in pounds. A child of nine 
 or ten needs about 1700 calories a day, and the average 
 grown person needs 2500 calories a day. 
 
 In the following table, the second column shows the size of 
 a portion of food containing 100 calories. The other columns 
 show the relative amount of protein, fat, and carbohydrates 
 (starch, sugar, etc.) in each food. 
 
 
 
 Pk 
 
 R CENT 
 
 Of 
 
 NAME OF FOOD 
 
 PORTION CONTAINING 
 100 CALORIES 
 
 PRO- 
 TEIN 
 
 FAT 
 
 CAK- 
 
 BOHT- 
 DRATB 
 
 Baked beans canned . 
 
 Small side dish 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 61 
 
 String beans cooked 
 
 Five servings 
 
 15 
 
 48 
 
 37 
 
 Sweet corn cooked 
 
 One side dish 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 77 
 
 Green peas, cooked . 
 
 One serving 
 
 23 
 
 27 
 
 50 
 
 Potatoes boiled. . . 
 
 One large-sized. 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 88 
 
 Aooles 
 
 Two apples. 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 90 
 
 Bananas 
 
 One large 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 90 
 
 Lamb chops . . 
 
 One small chop 
 
 24 
 
 76 
 
 
 
 Chocolate layer cake. .... 
 Caramel custard.. 
 
 Hah* ordinary square piece. 
 One cup 
 
 7 
 19 
 
 22 
 10 
 
 71 
 71 
 
 White bread 
 
 Ordinary thick slice 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 81 
 
 Graham crackers 
 
 Two crackers 
 
 9 
 
 20 
 
 71 
 
 Oatmeal 
 
 One and a half servings . . . 
 
 18 
 
 7 
 
 75 
 
 Boiled rice 
 
 Ordinary cereal dish 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 89 
 
 Butter 4 . ... 
 
 Ordinary portion 
 
 1 
 
 99 
 
 
 
 Milk. 
 
 Small glass 
 
 19 
 
 52 
 
 29 
 
 Eggs. 
 
 One large egg. . 
 
 32 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ( l Based on tables in Fisher and Fisk's How to Live; used by permission 
 of the authors.) 
 
 199 
 
MEASURING YOUR WEIGHT 
 
 The Child Health Organization of America is trying 
 to help the children of this country to grow strong and 
 well by keeping watch of their weight and comparing 
 it all the time with the growth that the really healthy 
 child should make. The two tables (pp. 201, 202) 1 show 
 just what the weight should be for a boy or girl of a 
 particular height. Get your mother or your teacher to 
 help you measure your height and weight. Then find 
 your height in the left-hand column of the table and 
 read across the table to the column with your age at 
 the head of it. The figure you find there is the number 
 of pounds you ought to weigh. 
 
 The United States Bureau of Education in Washing- 
 ton is very much interested in this campaign for the 
 regular weighing of the children. It is trying to get 
 "a scale in every school" and to have each child weighed 
 once a month. A record should be kept in the class- 
 room (on forms which can be obtained from the De- 
 partment of Documents, Washington, D. C.) of the 
 weight of each child for each month; and monthly re- 
 port cards should be sent home for the parents to keep. 
 In this way, growth is made a sort of friendly competi- 
 tion in which all the children of America can take part. 
 "The children play the game; the teachers umpire; the 
 parents keep score. " 
 
 1 Prepared by Dr. Thomas D, Wood, and copyright, 1918, by Child 
 Health Organization. 
 
 300 
 
HEIGHT AND WEIGHT TABLE FOR GIRLS 
 
 Height 5 6 7 8 9 10 ii 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 
 Inches Yr. Yr.Yr.Yr. Yr.Yr.Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. 
 
 39 
 
 34 35 36 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 36 37 38 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4^ 
 
 38 39 40 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 40 41 42 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 43 
 
 42 42 43 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44 
 
 44 45 45 
 
 46 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 45 
 
 46 47 47 
 
 48 49 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 6 
 
 48 48 49 
 
 5 51 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 49 5 
 
 5i S 2 
 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 8 
 
 5i S 2 
 
 53 54 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 49 
 
 53 54 
 
 55 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 56 
 
 57 58 
 
 59 
 
 60 
 
 61 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Si 
 
 59 
 
 60 61 
 
 62 
 
 63 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 52 
 
 62 
 
 63 64 
 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 67 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 53 
 
 
 66 67 
 
 68 
 
 68 
 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 54 
 
 
 68 69 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 55 
 
 
 72 
 
 73 
 
 74 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 
 79 
 
 80 
 
 81 
 
 
 
 
 
 51 
 
 
 
 81 
 
 82 
 
 83 
 
 84 
 
 85 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 
 58 
 
 
 
 85 
 
 86 
 
 87 
 
 88 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 91 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 
 
 89 
 
 90 
 
 91 
 
 93 
 
 94 
 
 95 
 
 96 
 
 98 
 
 
 6o 
 
 
 
 
 94 
 
 95 
 
 97 
 
 99 
 
 IOO 
 
 102 
 
 104 
 
 106 
 
 61 
 
 
 
 
 99 
 
 101 
 
 102 
 
 104 
 
 106 
 
 108 
 
 I0 9 
 
 in 
 
 62 
 
 104 
 
 106 
 
 107 
 
 109 
 
 in 
 
 "3 
 
 114 
 
 H5 
 
 63 
 
 109 
 
 in 
 
 112 
 
 "3 
 
 115 
 
 117 
 
 118 
 
 119 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 
 
 "5 
 
 117 
 
 118 
 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 121 
 
 122 
 
 65 
 
 
 
 
 
 117 
 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 122 
 
 123 
 
 124 
 
 125 
 
 66 
 
 
 
 
 
 119 
 
 121 
 
 122 
 
 124 
 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 
 67 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 
 129 
 
 130 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 126 
 
 128 
 
 I 3 
 
 132 
 
 133 
 
 134 
 
 69 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 129 
 
 131 
 
 133 
 
 135 
 
 136 
 
 137 
 
 70 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 134 
 
 136 
 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 140 
 
 71 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 140 
 
 142 
 
 143 
 
 I4O 
 
 72 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 145 
 
 147 
 
 148 
 
 149 
 
 About What a GIRL 
 
 Should 
 
 Gain Each Month 
 
 Age 
 
 : q to 8 
 
 
 6 oz. 
 
 
 14. 
 
 to 16 
 
 8 oz. 
 
 e 
 
 8 to ii 
 
 
 8 oz. 
 
 
 A *T 
 
 16 
 
 to 18 
 
 A OZ- 
 
 
 II tO 14. . 
 
 . . 12 OZ. 
 
 
 
 
 
HEIGHT AND WEIGHT TABLE FOR BOYS 
 
 Height 5 6 7 8 9 10 ii 12 13 
 Inches Yr.Yr. Yr.Yr.Yr.Yr. Yr. Yr. Yr. 
 
 14 
 
 Yr. 
 
 
 
 16 
 Yr. 
 
 17 
 Yr. 
 
 18 
 Yr. 
 
 39 35 36 
 40 37 38 
 41 39 40 
 42 41 42 
 43 43 44 
 44 45 46 
 45 47 47 
 46 48 49 
 47 5i 
 48 53 
 49 55 
 50 
 5i 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 55 
 56 
 57 
 58 
 
 59 
 60 
 61 
 
 37 
 39 
 41 
 
 43 44 
 45 46 
 46 47 
 48 48 49 
 5 50 5i 
 52 52 53 54 
 54 55 55 56 57 
 56 57 58 58 59 
 58 59 60 60 61 62 
 60 6 1 62 63 64 65 
 62 63 64 65 67 68 
 66 67 68 69 70 71 
 69 70 71 72 73 74 
 
 77 74 75 76 77 
 77 78 79 80 81 
 81 82 83 84 
 84 85 85 87 
 87 88 89 90 
 91 92 93 94 
 95 97 99 
 
 78 
 82 
 
 85 
 88 
 92 
 97 
 
 102 
 
 86 
 90 
 94 
 99 
 
 104 
 
 91 
 96 
 
 101 
 
 106 
 
 97 
 
 IO2 
 
 108 
 
 no 
 
 62 
 
 100 102 104 
 
 106 
 
 109 
 
 in 
 
 "3 
 
 116 
 
 63 
 
 V K>5 107 109 
 
 in 
 
 114 
 
 "5 
 
 117 
 
 119 
 
 64 
 
 "3 H5 
 
 117 
 
 118 
 
 119 
 
 120 
 
 122 
 
 65 
 
 120 
 
 122 
 
 123 
 
 124 
 
 I 2 5 
 
 126 
 
 66 
 
 I2 5 
 
 126 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 
 I2 9 
 
 130 
 
 67 
 
 130 
 
 130 
 
 132 
 
 133 
 
 134 
 
 135 
 
 68 
 
 134 
 
 135 
 
 136 
 
 137 
 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 69 
 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 140 
 
 141 
 
 142 
 
 143 
 
 70 
 
 
 142 
 
 144 
 
 145 
 
 146 
 
 147 
 
 7i 
 
 
 147 
 
 149 
 
 150 
 
 151 
 
 152 
 
 72 
 
 
 152 
 
 154 
 
 155 
 
 156 
 
 157 
 
 About What a BOY Should Gain Each Month 
 
 Age: 5 to 8 6 oz. 12 to 16 16 oz. 
 
 8 to 12 ..8oz. 16 to 18. . . 8 oz. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Acid in the mouth, 72. 
 Air, dust in, 37, 38. 
 
 effect of breathing stale air, 
 37. 
 
 fresh, 34-42. 
 
 law of, 34, 42, 180. 
 
 need of, 35. 
 
 passages for, 35, 36, 38. 
 
 story of Fresh Air, 38-41. 
 Alcohol, 94, 95. 
 
 Bathing, 69; after eating, 103. 
 Baucis and Philemon, story of, 
 
 103-105. 
 
 Bedclothes and pillow, 127. 
 Bedroom, desirable conditions 
 in, 127. 
 
 ventilation in, 125. 
 Blood, as transportation sys- 
 tem, 102, 103. 
 
 blood vessels of hand, 102. 
 
 composition of, 54. 
 
 effect of tight clothing, 119, 
 120. 
 
 fight against germs, 69. 
 
 functions of, 35, 36, 91, 103. 
 
 needed by muscles, 103. 
 
 taking away waste, 36, 37, 67. 
 Board of Health, 172, 173. 
 Bones, 44, 46, 80. 
 Bonfires, danger from, 155. 
 Bowels and digestion, 92. 
 
 Brain, 125, 126. 
 
 Breakfast menus, 84, 85. 
 
 Breathing, 35-37; and tight 
 
 clothing, 119, 120. 
 through nose, 38. 
 
 Building laws regarding tene- 
 ments, 110. 
 
 Caduceus, Mercury's staff, 132. 
 
 Calories in food, 199. 
 
 Candy, bad effects from, 98, 99. 
 
 pure and impure, 97. 
 Carefulness, 152-161; law of, 
 
 160, 184. 
 
 Carrots, composition of, 82, 83. 
 Cars, how to get off trolley, 157. 
 Cigarettes, 150, 151. 
 Circulation. (See Blood.) 
 Citizen, explanation of, 25, 
 
 26. 
 Citizenship papers, 26, 31, 152, 
 
 186. 
 Cleanliness, 62-75, 80, 85; in 
 
 dairies, 139, 162, 163. 
 in stores, 139, 147, 16S-165. 
 in streets and yards, 139, 172. 
 law of, 74, 181. 
 
 Clothing, 112-122; care of, 120. 
 harm resulting from wet, 87. 
 importance of changing, 118, 
 
 119, 120. 
 in temperate climates, 118. 
 
 203 
 
204 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Clothing in warm and cold 
 
 climates, 114-116. 
 need of loose, 119, 120. 
 putting out fire of, 155. 
 Coffee, 94, 95, 126, 129. 
 Colds, cause of, 134. 
 
 germs of, 67, 118, 134-138. 
 Contagious diseases, 134, 139, 
 
 140. 
 
 isolation of, 140. 
 Cough, 134, 135, 140; whoop- 
 ing, 134. 
 Cup, drinking, germs on, 137, 
 
 138, 147. 
 how to make, 167. 
 
 Dairies, clean, 139, 162, 163. 
 Dandelion race, 49-51. 
 Dare, taking a, 160. 
 Deafness, cause of, 67. 
 Dentist, 73. 
 
 Digestion, 87-105; and rest, 99, 
 100, 103. 
 
 and right kinds of food, 100, 
 
 101. 
 
 Dinner menus, 84, 85. 
 Diphtheria, 139. 
 Disease. (See Germs.} 
 Douglas, story of, 138. 
 Dreams, 125; story of dreams 
 
 and flowers, 127, 128. 
 Dust, in air, 37, 38. 
 
 in clothing, 120. 
 
 in houses, 110. 
 
 on food, 64, 65. 
 
 Earache, cause of, 67. 
 Ears, care of, 67. 
 
 Eating between meals, 99. (See 
 
 Foods.) 
 
 Eggs, composition of, 83. 
 Electricity, danger from live 
 
 wires, 156. 
 Enamel of teeth, 72. 
 Enchanted castle, story of, 89- 
 
 93. 
 
 Energy foods, 83, 84. 
 Eskimos, life of, 116. 
 Exercise, 43-52; after eating, 
 
 103. 
 
 and perspiration, 68. 
 law of, 43, 52, 180. 
 outdoor, 51. 
 reasons for, 51. 
 setting-up, 187-198. 
 Eyes, care of, 66. 
 
 Fats, in milk, 81. 
 
 in oatmeal, 82, 83. 
 
 use as food, 79. 
 Fingers, germs on, 138. 
 Fire, 57 ; and oxygen, 35. 
 
 and water, 57, 60. 
 
 dangers from, 155. 
 
 man's friend, 153, 155. 
 
 smothering of, 155. 
 
 story about, 153-155. 
 Flies, and dirt, 148, 150. 
 
 and germs, 140, 142. 
 
 travels of, 145, 147. 
 
 war against, 148. 
 Food, 76-85; and flies, 147, 148. 
 
 and germs, 64, 65, 138, 139. 
 
 classes of, 83, 84. 
 
 cleanliness in handling, 80. 
 
 cooking, 65. 
 
INDEX 
 
 205 
 
 Food, for growth and energy, 
 83, 84. 
 
 for heating body, 79. 
 
 indigestible, 92, 93, 100, 101. 
 
 law of, 105, 182. 
 
 substances in, 79-83. 
 
 table of food values, 199. 
 
 uses of, 78, 91. 
 Fresh air. (See Air.) 
 Fried foods, 100, 101. 
 Frigid zone, 115-117. 
 
 Games for exercise of muscles, 
 
 48, 49. 
 
 Garbage cans, 148. 
 Gasoline and fire, 155. 
 Germs, 131-151; and Board of 
 
 Health, 173. 
 and teeth, 72, 73. 
 destruction of, 64, 69, 70, 139, 
 
 143. 
 discovered by Pasteur, 137, 
 
 139. 
 effect of sunlight on, 110, 111, 
 
 145. 
 
 In dust and dirt, 110. 
 in food and water, 59, 60, 64, 
 
 65, 138, 139. 
 Greece, people of, 48-49. 
 Greenland, life in, 115, 116. 
 Grocery store, cleanliness in, 
 
 139, 147, 163, 164. 
 Growth, foods for, 83, 84. 
 Grumpy Jack, story of, 168-172. 
 
 Hair, 68; care of, 69, 74. 
 Hands, washing, 63, 64, 69, 80, 
 139. 
 
 Hands, blood vessels in, 102. 
 Health, Board of, 172, 173. 
 Health, laws of; avoiding stim- 
 ulants, 96, 182. 
 
 brushing the teeth, 72, 74, 181. 
 
 carefulness, 160, 184. 
 
 cleanliness, 74, 181. 
 
 clearing out wastes, 96, 182. 
 
 clothing, 121, 184. 
 
 exercise, 43, 52, 180. 
 
 food, 105, 182. 
 
 fresh air, 34, 42, 180. 
 
 germs, 111, 140, 183. 
 
 posture, 43, 52, 180. 
 
 sleep, 129, 183. 
 
 water, 53, 60, 180. 
 Heart, 36; work of, 91. 
 Height in relation to weight, 31, 
 166, 168, 176, 178, 200-202. 
 
 Intestines, 91, 92. 
 
 Kerosene, and fire, 155. 
 
 and stagnant water, 144. 
 Kidneys, 56. 
 Kitchen, cleanliness of, 78. 
 
 Light, for reading, 66. 
 
 in bedroom, 127. 
 Lime, in milk, 81. 
 
 use of, in body, 79, 80. 
 Lungs, 35, 36, 37, 38, 55, 67. 
 
 Malaria, 144. 
 
 Matches, danger from, 155. 
 
 Meals, exercise after, 103. 
 
 sample, 84, 85. 
 
 supper and sleep, 126, 129. 
 
206 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Measles, 134, 139, 173. 
 Menus, sample, 84, 85. 
 Mice, story of two foolish, 158, 
 
 160. 
 
 Microbes. (See Germs.) 
 Midas, story of, 10-15. 
 Milk, cleanliness of, 139, 162, 
 
 163. 
 
 composition of, 80, 81, 82. 
 value as food, 81, 82, 84. 
 Miraculous pitcher, story of the, 
 
 105. 
 Mosquitoes, and germs, 140, 
 
 142-151. 
 bearers of malaria and yellow 
 
 fever, 144. 
 breeding and destruction of, 
 
 144. 
 Mouth as gateway to body, 65, 
 
 66, 70. 
 Muscles, 44-52; need of blood, 
 
 103. 
 
 Nails, care of, 69. 
 Naturalization, 26; law in the 
 
 Land of Health, 31. 
 Nerves, as messengers for the 
 
 body, 125. 
 need of rest, 125. 
 Night lights and sleep, 127. 
 Nose, 65, 66; passages for air, 
 
 38. 
 
 Oatmeal, composition of, 82. 
 
 value as food, 82. 
 Olympic games, 48, 49. 
 Oxygen, body's need of, 35-37, 
 51. 
 
 fire and, 35. 
 
 Pain as warning, 93, 94, 95, 100. 
 Pandora, story of, 136. 
 Paper cups, how to make, 167. 
 Pasteur, discoverer of germs, 
 
 137, 139. 
 Perspiration, 55, 67-69; and the 
 
 skin, 55, 120. 
 on cold and hot days, 68. 
 Phaeton, story of, 153-155. 
 Philemon and Baucis, story of, 
 
 103-105. 
 
 Physical exercises, 187-198. 
 Plants, need of sunlight, 109. 
 Poisons in body, protection 
 
 against, 92-95. 
 Posture, 43-52; in schoolroom, 
 
 166. 
 
 Protein, in food, 79, 82, 83. 
 in milk, 81. 
 
 Rainy weather, clothing for, 118, 
 
 119. 
 
 Reading, light for, 66. 
 Rest, after eating, 103. 
 
 and sleep, 125. 
 
 Rowboat, carefulness in, 155. 
 Rubber clothing, importance of 
 changing, 118, 119. 
 
 Safety First, 152-161. 
 Saliva, 90. 
 
 Salts in foods, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83. 
 Scales for weighing, 166. 
 Scarlet fever, 134, 139, 173. 
 Schoolhouse and schoolroom, 
 
 165, 166. 
 Screens in windows and doors, 
 
 148. 
 
INDEX 
 
 207 
 
 Seasoning in food, 79, 80, 81, 82, 
 
 83. 
 
 Setting-up exercises, 187-198. 
 Shoes, 118. 
 
 Sickness. (See Germs.) 
 Skeleton, 44, 80. 
 Skin, and clothing, 118, 119, 
 120. 
 
 and perspiration, 55, 120. 
 
 cleanliness of, 68, 69. 
 
 injury to, 69. 
 
 protection for the body, 65. 
 Sleep, 123-130; amount needed 
 by children, 125. 
 
 getting ready for, 126, 127. 
 
 law of, 129, 183. 
 
 sleeping porch, 112. 
 Smell, sense of, 66. 
 Sneezes, contagion from, 134, 
 
 135, 140. 
 
 South America, life in, 114. 
 Springs, source of, 58. 
 Stale air, 37; story of, 38-41. 
 Starch in food, 79, 82, 83. 
 Stimulants, effect on body, 94. 
 
 harmful for children, 94, 96. 
 
 kinds of, 94, 95. 
 
 law of, 96, 182. 
 
 Stomach, digestion in, 91, 100. 
 Stores, cleanliness in, 139, 147, 
 
 163, 164. 
 Streets, danger in city, 157. 
 
 keeping streets clean, 139, 
 
 172. 
 Sugar, in food, 79, 82, 83. 
 
 in milk, 81. 
 
 Sunlight, 107-111; effect on 
 germs, 110, 111, 145. 
 
 Sunlight, essential to plants and 
 
 animals, 108-110. 
 Supper, and sleep, 126, 129. 
 
 menus, 84, 85, 126. 
 Sweat glands, 68. (See Per- 
 spiration.) 
 
 Sweets, beneficial, 99. 
 harmful, 98. 
 
 Taste, sense of, 66. 
 
 training taste for foods, 101, 
 
 102. 
 Tea, 94, 95; effect on sleep, 126, 
 
 129. 
 
 Teeth, brushing, 72, 74, 181. 
 care of, 72, 73. 
 kinds of, 71. 
 work of, 66, 70, 71, 90. 
 Temperate zone, 117, 118. 
 Tenement houses, building laws, 
 
 110. 
 
 Throat, 38. 
 
 Tobacco, bad effects of, 150. 
 Toothache, cause of, 72. 
 Torch race, 48, 49. 
 Torrid zone, 115, 117. 
 Touch, sense of, 66. 
 Trolley car, how to get off, 157. 
 Trunk of the body, 46. 
 
 Ventilation, 34, 35, 37, 125, 
 
 166. 
 Village improvement society, 
 
 170. 
 
 Washing, foods, 64, 65, 165. 
 hands, 63, 64, 69, 80, 139. 
 reasons for, 64, 65. 
 
208 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Wastes of the body, and per- 
 spiration, 67-69. 
 
 bad results from, 92. 
 
 from breathing, 36, 37. 
 
 getting rid of, 92, 96. 
 Water, 53-61; boiling, 60. 
 
 carefulness on, 155. 
 
 for drinking, 59, 60. 
 
 germs in, 59. 
 
 in air, 56. 
 
 in food, 56. 
 
 in the body, 54, 55, 56, 67, 68. 
 
 law of, 53, 60, 180. 
 
 story of, 56-60. 
 
 supply for cities, 58, 59. 
 
 Weather and clothing, 112-122. 
 Weight in relation to health, 
 
 31, 166, 168, 176, 178, 200- 
 
 202. 
 
 Wells, source of, 58. 
 Wet clothes, harm resulting 
 
 from, 87. 
 
 Whooping cough, 134. 
 Windows and ventilation, 35, 
 
 37, 123, 124, 166. 
 Windpipe, 35, 36. 
 Wires, electric, 156. 
 
 Yards, cleaning, 139, 140, 172. 
 Yellow fever, 144. 
 
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