B^rtii. jtmut ■HHipiiMli iiiim mm mmmmm ,;■;) BUSY - HANDS - DNSTRULTIDN-WDRK )Mn*mR 'nu bv.ium:::!:. tM^/ERSITY of CALIFORNU AT UM ANGELES LIBRARY r BUSY HANDS Construction Work for Children BY ISABELLE F. BOWKER Madison School, Chicago A. FLANAGAN COMPANY CHICAGO 40'5'34 COPYRIGHT 1904 BY A. FLANAGAN COMPANY lB 151-1 PREFACE One purpose of this book is to make clearer the subjects which may be studied in connection with language or history. Children are delighted to make any article. They enter into construction work with the utmost zeal. In this volume the author has sought to direct this natural interest of the child in such a way that its studies will be more clearly understood. For example: Let a teacher select "The Indians," for a language or history lesson. The children will learn to talk readily about those people, but after a class has constructed a wigwam, the customs of the Indians will be more real. Those children who get ideas slowly from the oral word will probably have their first clear conception of Indian life after construct- ing a canoe. The book has another purpose. Few children get ideas readily from the printed page. "Busy Hands" may be used to overcome that difficulty. If each child in a class had a copy of the book, and was told to make an article by doing just what the book said, sentence by sentence, the children would soon develop power to grasp the meaning from other printed material. That the children may be helped in the ways set forth is the wish of the author, ISABElvI^K F. BOWKER. CONTENTS SEPTEMBER — INDIANS Indian Wigwam — Indian Canoe — Bow and Arrow.. 7-14 OCTOBER — DUTCH Dutch Windmill— Dutch Milk Cart— Dutch Milk Pail 15-28 NOVEMBER — THE PURITANS AND THANKSGIVING DAY I. Puritan Man and Woman — II. Houses for Puritan Village, Log House — III. Mayflower 29-42 DECEMBER — CHRISTMAS Box No. I— Box No. II— Box No. Ill— Handkerchief Case — Match-Scratcher No. I — Match-Scratcher No. II— Basket— Book No. I— Book No. II 43-62 JANUARY — NEW YEAR Calendar No. I— Calendar No. II 63-68 EEBRUARY ST. VALENTINE's DAY AND Washington's birthday Valentine No. I — Valentine No. II — Valentine No. Ill — Washington's Hatchet — Washington Crossing the Alleghany — Washington's Hat 69-79 march — spring Sun-Dial— Clock Face— Spring Card 81-91 5 6 CONTENTS APRIL — EASTER Easter Lily — Frog — Basket — Easter Card 93-101 MAY DECORATION DAY Soldier Cap — Paper Sash-Curtains — Picture Frame. .103-111 JUNE — JAPANESE Japanese Sunshade — Jinrikisha — Japanese Box 113-121 MISCELLANEOUS Roman Robe — Waste Paper Basket No. I — Waste Pa- per Basket No. 11— Raffia Work Basket— Raffia Picture Frame — Doll's Hat — Bead Belt— Watch Chain — Doll's Hammock 123-159 SEPTEMBER Indians TiqX Eg. I fios, Tio.^. INDIAN WIGWAM Material: Cardboard 5 in. x 8 in. ; paper 8 in. x 16 in.; coarse thread, needle, scissors and ruler. Place the cardboard on the desk, with the short edge toward you. On the upper short edge make a row of dots half an inch apart. Do the same with the lower edge. Draw lines joining the dots, and cut along the lines. (There should be ten strips Yz in. x 8 in. See Fig. i.) Take one of the strips, and divide each long edge in half. Bisect the upper short edge. Draw two lines joining the three dots. (Fig. i.) One-half inch from the pointed end make a dot, and one- quarter inch from the square end make another, (Fig. i.) Do the same with the other nine strips. Pass the needle and thread through the dot near the square end of each strip, leaving two inches of thread between every two strips. Pass the needle and thread through the dot near the pointed end of each strip, leaving one-quarter inch of thread between every two strips. (Fig. 2.) Take the 8 x 16 sheet of paper, place the two short edges together, and fold the paper in the middle. Turn so that the folded edge is toward the right. One inch from the upper right-hand corner make a dot on the upper edge, and one on the right-hand, folded, edge. 9 10 BUSY HANDS Join these two dots with a curved line, and cut out this cor- ner, (Fig. 3.) Draw a diagonal line from the upper right-hand corner to the lower left-hand corner. Eight inches from the upper right-hand corner, on the diag- onal, make a dot. With a curved line join this dot to the lower right-hand corner and the upper left-hand corner. (Fig. 3.) Cut the paper along this curved line. Bisect the upper edge of the paper. One inch from the upper left-hand corner make a dot. Join these dots with a curved line, whose greatest distance from the upper edge is i^ inch. Cut out this ellipse. Open the paper. Lap the two straight edges half an inch and sew together. (Fig. 4.) Cut a rectangular piece of paper 2 in. x 3^ in. and sew over the door. Note. This is the winter wigwam. The summer wigwam has the edges turned back and left open from top to bottom. Twigs may be used for the framework and kid gloves or chamois skin pieced together for covering. INDIAN CANOE Material: Cardboard 5>4 in. x 85^ in. ; needle and coarse thread ; scissors and patterns like Fig. i and Fig. 3. Place the canoe pattern (Fig. i) on the cardboard. Mark, and cut out. With the point of one blade of the scissors crease a line down the center of the cardboard. (Line a, Fig. i.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 11 ri6.i A TiG.;t Fig 3 12 BUSY HANDS Bend, and sew the two short ends together. When the canoe is finished, press the ends very gently to- ward the center. This makes the opening a better shape. Seats made of strips of cardboard may be pasted in. (Fig. 2.) Give each child a pattern (Fig. 3) by which to cut out two paddles. Note. The Indians used the following material in making canoes : Birch-bark for the cover ; cedar for the frame ; the fibrous roots of the larch tree for sewing together ; the gum of the fir tree to smear the seams, and hedgehog quills to trim. If birch-bark, twigs and pitch from the pine tree can be secured, this lesson may be made more realistic. Even the cardboard canoe may be trimmed with beads. If desired, a framework of two pieces of rattan or thin twigs may be made first, and the cardboard sewed to this at the upper edge. BOW AND ARROW Material : For bow, a branch from a tree, 30 inches long, ^ inch thick ; a yard of strong string. For arrow, a branch 14 inches long and 34 i^ich thick ; a piece of strawboard ; five small nails, a ruler and a knife. Notch the two ends of the 30-inch branch, and from one notch to the other tie the string, tight enough to bend the branch into a bow. (Fig. 4.) Take a strawboard rectangle 134 in- x 2]/^ in. Half an inch from the upper right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. Drop a half-inch line from this dot. CONSTRUCTION WORK 13 M \ / TiQ.S. Tig. I Fig. ^ 14 BUSY HANDS Three-quarters of an inch from the upper right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot. Join this dot to the end of the half-inch line, {a, Fig. 2.) Bisect the lower short edge of the rectangle. Connect this dot with the dot on the right-hand edge, (b. Fig. 2.) Follow these directions on the left-hand side of the rectangle. Cut out the arrowhead. (Shaded part, Fig. 2, should be cut away. ) Split one end of the 14-inch branch. Push the arrowhead into the slit, and nail, {x, Fig. i.) Take another rectangle, i^ in. x 3 in. Bisect the lower edge, as in Fig. 3. Five-eighths of an inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot. Connect this dot with the bisecting dot on the lower edge. (.?, Fig. 3.) Bisect the upper short edge, and from the dot drop a ^-inch line. Connect the end of this line with the upper right-hand corner of the rectangle. (/, Fig. 3.) Follow these directions for the left-hand side, and cut out. (Fig- 3) Split the other end of the 14-inch branch for 3^ inches. Insert Fig. 3 into the slit, and nail. (Fig. i^) OCTOBER Dutch DUTCH WINDMILL Material: Stiff paper 12 in. x 18 in.; string 15 inches long ; scissors, paste and ruler. For wheel : stiff paper 11 in. x li in. ; collar-button. Place the 12 x 18 sheet of paper on the desk, long edge toward you, and 7% inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. The same distance from the k)wer left-hand corner, on the short edge, make another. Bisect the lower long edge. Join by slanting lines this bisecting dot with the two dots on the short edges. Make a small loop in one end of the string. Twelve inches from the outer end of the loop, make a knot. With the thumb, hold the knot on the bisecting dot. Place a pencil in the loop, and with the string stretched tight, draw a curved line joining the ends of the slanting lines. (A-B, Fig. I.) Make a knot in the string five inches from the end of the loop. (A pencil mark on the string will answer for a knot.) With the thumb, hold the knot on the bisecting dot. Place the pencil in the end of the loop, and draw a curved line cutting each slanting line, (x-y, Fig. i.) Make a knot i^^ inch from the end of the loop, and hold- ing it with the thumb on the bisecting dot, make another curved line cutting the slanting lines, (o-m, Fig. i.) Draw a parallel line }i inch inside each slanting line. Make five dots 3^ inches apart on the longest curved line. Join each dot with the bisecting dot, by a slanting line. 17 18 BUSY HANDS Make a mark on the string 6^ inches from the end of the loop, and in the manner described above, draw a small curved line (^ inch long) in the middle of each section, (s, Fig. i.) One inch below these make a second set of curved lines. Make a third set i^ inch below these, and one inch far- ther down a fourth set. Now cut along each curved line, and make an up-and-down slit from the first to the second row of curved lines; also be- tween the third and fourth rows. Bend the cut parts back, as in Fig. 2. These form the win- dows. CONSTRUCTION WORK 19 Cut along each outside slanting line, and the longest curved line of the large figure. Cut out the smallest curved part. (Fig. 3.) Cut each slanting line from the small curve to the middle curve. U^ F.G i Crease the remaining portion of each slanting line, so that the line is outside. Crease the curved line so the line is inside. Crease the roof pieces within Yz inch of the walls. (This crease should be made so that the end of the roof pieces are pressed inward.) Paste the end of the roof pieces together. (There will be open spaces in the roof, but a pattern that would make a solid 20 BUSY HANDS roof would be too difficult.) Paste the slanting ends of the walls together. To make the wheel, take the ii x ii sheet of paper; 4^ inches from each corner, on each edge, make a dot, and con- nect opposite dots by lines. Fig. 3 Draw a square Yz inch inside of the small center square. (Fig 4.) Connect each corner of this smallest square with the end of the two shafts nearest to it. (Fig. 4.) This gives a taper- ing shape to each shaft. With the collar-button attach the wheel to one side of the roof. Or fasten it on with a twig running through both sides of the roof. CONSTRUCTION WORK 21 \l _______ i\ : Fig. 4- 22 BUSY HANDS ■3- «U^ . I DUTCH MILK CART Material: Strawboard 7 in. x 14 in.; scissors, ruler and paste. For wheels : Strawboard 4 in. x 4 in. ; two collar-but- tons. Place the strawboard on the desk, long edge toward you. Two inches from the upper right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot. Two inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, another. Draw a line joining the dots. Two inches from the upper right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and two inches from the upper left-hand corner on the short edge, another. Connect the dots. CONSTRUCTION WORK 23 x 24 BUSY HANDS On this line 3^ inches from the left end, make a dot. Two inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and two inches from the lower left-hand corner, on the short edge, another. Draw a line joining the dots. On this line, 3^ inches from the left edge, make a dot. Connect this dot with the one on the long parallel line above. Cut out the rectangle just drawn. (C, Fig. i.) Six inches from the upper left-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot. From this drop a line i^ inch long. (This line should be parallel to the short edges; X, Fig. i.) An inch and a half from the upper left-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. Draw a line from this dot to the lower end of X. Bisect the rectangle just formed, crosswise. (M^ Fig. i.) Cut out the left half, A. In the same manner draw and cut out rectangle B. Cut all of the lines marked Y. (Fig. i.) Bend the strawboard on the dotted lines. Round the corners of the dashboard, and paste the cart into shape. (Fig. 2.) Wheels Cut a strawboard rectangle ^ in. x 3 in. (Fig. 3.) fi9-3 CONSTRUCTION WORK 25 One-half inch from each end make a dot. One-half inch from each of the dots make another. Make small holes through each of these dots, with the scis- sors. Fig 4- Put a pin in one of the holes and fasten the rectangle to the center of the 4x4 piece of strawboard. Put the pencil point through the other holes. Turn the rectangle on the pin, and mark parallel circles with the pencil. (Fig. 4.) Spokes may be cut out if so desired. 26 BUSY HANDS With collar-buttons fasten the wheels to the middle of the cart, near the lower edge. Note. To find the center of the square piece of strawboard for the wheels, bisect the edges and draw the diameters of the square. DUTCH MILK PAIL Material : Thick paper 5 in. x 9 in. ; strip of cardboard 3^ in. X 5 in. ; pin, paste and scissors. Half an inch from the end of the cardboard strip make a dot. One and three-eighths inch from this dot make a second. Two inches from the first dot make a third. Four inches from the first dot make a fourth. Make holes through these dots with the point of the scissors. You now have a circle-divider. Place the paper (5 x 9) on the desk with the long edge toward you. Half an inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. Half an inch from the lower left-hand corner, on the short edge, make another. Draw a line joining the dots. Bisect this line, (a, Fig. i.) Put a pin through the first hole made in the circle-divider, and fasten it to this dot (a) on the paper. Put a pencil in each of the three other dots, and draw three semicircles. (Fig. i.) Join the end of the inner semicircle to the outer semicircle by a line parallel to the short edge. {0, Fig. i.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 27 Fic 3 Fii't Fic-2 T.«-^ Make a dot ^ inch to the right of the bisecting dot on the base line, (m, Fig. i.) Connect this dot with the upper end of the vertical line o. Cut the paper in two on this line. Cut on the base line (m-x). Cut on the inside and outside semicircles. You will then have Fig. 2. 28 BUSY HANDS On the middle semicircle make a row of dots ^ inch apart. Draw small triangles having the apex at these points and the base of the smallest semicircle. (Fig. 2.) Each section should be wedge-shaped, as in Fig. 3. Cut out the first rectangle (x, Fig. 2). Cut out the little triangles. Bend in the wedge-shaped pieces along the middle semicir- cle. Lap the ends of the paper ^ inch, and paste. (Fig. 4.) Paste the little pieces to form a solid base. Cut a narrow strip of paper and paste on for a handle. (Fig. 4-) Note. The most difficult directions in all construction work should be illustrated by blackboard drawing. The Dutch milk pail has a cover, but it has been omitted, as children have difficulty in making it. \ NOVEMBER The Puritans a7id Thanksgiviftg Day Fie. 1 THANKSGIVING DAY— I Material: Black and white tissue paper; patterns, Figs. I and 2 ; small piece of stiff orange-colored paper ; strawboard 5^ in X 8^ in. ; scissors and paste. Woman Place the pattern ( Fig. i ) on the strawboard. Mark, and cut out. Dress the figure to look like Fig. 3 — in this order : 1. Skirt (black). 2. Apron and waist (white). 3. Belt (black). 4. Sleeves (black). 5. Cape (black). 6. Collar and cuffs (orange). 7. Facing and strings of bonnet (white). Note. The right arm, Fig. 3, must be cut out and pasted on when the sleeve a is made. One or two children could use one pattern, and, a day or two before the lesson, mark out as many figures as are needed. This would obviate the necessity of cutting out so many patterns. The bonnet and shoes are made black with pen and ink. Leave the hands, face and stockings brown, 31 32 BUSY HANDS r, a. SL, CONSTRUCTION WORK 33 Fia. 3. 34 BUSY HANDS Fi C. 4 CONSTRUCTION WORK 35 Man Dress the man (Fig. 2) in this order: 1. Forward leg (black), 2. Coat (black). 3. Sleeves (black). 4. Collar, belt and hat (orange). Note. In making the hat, paste the under part, 0, on first, then the upper part. Fig. 4. Make the hair, hat band and shoes black with pen and ink. Leave the stockings, hands, face and gun brown strawboard. Figures similar to these may be dressed in studying the dif- ferent peoples. THANKSGIVING DAY— II Houses eor Puritan Vieeage Material: Strawboard 14% in. x 15 in.; ruler, scissors and paste. Place the strawboard on the desk with the 15-inch edge toward you. Half an inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the lower edge, make a dot. Upward from this dot draw a line 3% inches long, parallel to the right-hand edge of the cardboard. Draw a similar line parallel to the left-hand edge of the card- board. On the lower edge, 4^ inches from the lower right-hand corner, make a dot. On the upper edge, 4^ inches from the upper right-hand corner, make another. Connect these two dots by a line. 36 BUSY HANDS Six inches from this line, to the left, draw a parallel line. On this last line, 33^ inches from the lower edge, make a dot. On the same line make a dot ^H inches from the lower edge; another dot y}i inches from the lower edge; another y a. B P / c \ / k • e \ \ «r-i v/r X X 4-^ a 2 r»^ in. x 8>^ in.; paste, ruler, scissors, strips of paper ^/^ in. x2i in. Place cardboard on the desk, with the long edge toward you. One inch from the upper right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot; one inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make another. Draw a line connecting the dots. One inch from the upper left-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot, and one inch from the lower left-hand corner, on the long edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. One inch from the upper right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and one inch from the upper left-hand cor- ner, on the short edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. One inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and one inch from the lower left-hand cor- ner, on the short edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. Cut out the squares A, B, C and D, Fig. i. Place Fig, 2 on another cardboard 5^ x 8>^, and outline the four corners. (Fig. 3.) Make two lines in each corner 1-16 inch nearer the edges of tfie cardboard than the lines already drawn. Mark "Cover." (Fig- 4-) Cut out the four smaller corners, and draw lines connecting corners. (Fig. 5.) Place the ruler on each of the four lines, and crease with the point of one blade oi the scissors. 4S 46 BUSY HANDS Cut off ^ inch of cardboard from each side. (Shaded part of Fig. 5.) Now bend the sides into position and paste a strip of paper around the edge of the cover. (Fig. 6.) Do the same with the other piece of cardboard to form the box. (Fig. 7.) Note: a thorough lesson on the divisions of the ruler should precede this work. BOX NO. II Materiai, : A piece of colored cardboard 5^ in. x 8^ in. ; a piece of colored cardboard 4 in. x 7 in. ; a piece of white or colored paper 3^ in. x 6^/2 in. ; paste, ruler, scissors and a half yard of narrow ribbon. Follow directions for No. I. until Fig. i is made. Place the ruler on the lines, and crease each one with the point of a scissor-blade. Cut the short line, AB, in each corner, and bend the sides to form Fig. 2. Paste so that the squares A are inside. Take the piece of cardboard 43^^ in. x y}^ in. and scallop the edges. Take the piece of paper, fold and cut it into a design by following directions given for cover of Japanese sunshade. Paste the design to the cardboard. This is the cover of the box. Cut the ribbon in half and fasten the cover to the box with two bows for hinges. CONSTRUCTION WORK 47 A6 A6 V» 5 < —J J^.f ^ so BUSY HANDS In rectangle C draw a diagonal from the upper left-hand corner to the lower right-hand corner, and cut a slit to within 34 inch from each corner. In rectangle H draw a diagonal from the upper right-hand corner to the lower left-hand corner. Cut the diagonal to within J4 inch from the corners. Cut off rectangles, D, B, I and/. Cut off the upper and lower corners of R, and cut a small triangle out of the left-hand edge of S. (Fig. 4.) Lay the ruler on all the lines, and crease with a point of one blade of the scissors. Now bend, putting the point of A into slit in C, so that B is between A and C. Do the same with F, G and H. Put R inside. Note. If so desired, Boxes I., II. and III. may be covered with plain-colored paper. HANDKERCHIEF CASE MateriaIv: Cream-colored paper 6 in. x 14 in.; colored paper 9 in. x 1 1 in. ; scissors, ruler and one yard of baby rib- bon. Place the cream-colored paper on the desk, with the long edge toward you. On the long edge, i^^ inch from the upper right-hand corner, make a dot. / The same distance from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make another. Connect the dots with a line. On the long edge, i^^ inch from the upper left-hand corner, make a dot. CONSTRUCTION WORK 51 V^<\- I V\«vx\ <). Vt cV\ t ^ Case, f«'\-J? ^^<\-9- V.<|- 5 V , u — (c 52 BUSY HANDS The same distance from the lower left-hand corner make a dot on the long edge. Draw a line joining the dots. (Fig i.) Make a row of dots Yz inch apart across each short edge, and join the dots with lines (Fig. i), and cut the paper into half- inch strips. Place the colored paper on the desk, long edge toward you. On the short edge, i Y^ inch from the upper right-hand corner, make a dot. The same distance from the upper left-hand cor- ner, on the short edge, mal4 inch from tlie lower right-hand cor- ner, make a dot. The same distance from the lower left-hand corner make a dot on the short edge. Draw a line connecting the dots. (Fig. 2.) Make a row of dots 3^ inch apart across each long edge and join the dots with lines. In weaving, the cream-colored strips are lengthwise and the colored strips are all crosswise. Cross a white and a colored strip of paper where the pencil lines crosses the strips. Add strips inside of the first two, weaving over and under, as in Fig. 3. When all the strips have been woven, turn the i>^-inch ends all down on one side. Weave these ends in under the strips in the main weaving. (Figs. 4 and 5.) When the little ends are all fastened in, turn the two short ends of the mat back. Fasten them within an inch of each other with ribbon. (Fig. 6.) The ends should be fastened to the under part ; not to each other. CONSTRUCTION WORK 53 .EATCH v\\j Rack Fig. 1. 54 BUSY HANDS MATCH-SCRATCHER NO. I Material: Cardboard 53/^ in. x 85/^ in.; pattern of cat (Fig. I, preceding page) ; sandpaper, water-color paints or col- ored chalk, paste and scissors. Color three-quarters of the cardboard blue, and one-quarter green. Paint a brown post (}i in. x 6 in.) at the right-hand side. Place the pattern on the sandpaper, mark and cut out. Paint the cat black. (Black sandpaper may be bought.) Paste the figure upon the cardboard so that the paws rest on the post, and print below : Scratch My Back MATCH-SCRATCHER NO. II Material: Cardboard 5>4 in. x 8>4 in.; sandpaper, pic- ture of woman (Fig. 2, from fashion plate), scissors and paste. Cut the skirt from the picture of the woman, place it on the sandpaper, mark, and cut out. Put the sandpaper skirt in place of the colored paper one, and paste waist and skirt to cardboard, Mark "Looking for a Match." / \ ' — ^ CONSTRUCTION WORK. 55 Fig. 2. 56 BUSY HANDS BASKET Material: White paper 9 in. x io>^ in.; four strips of colored paper ^ in. x 17 in.; scissors and paste. Place the paper on the desk, long edge toward you. Three inches from the upper right-hand corner, on the long edge. make a dot ; three inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make another. Draw a line connecting the dots. Three inches from the upper left-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and three inches from the upper right-hand corner, on the short edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. Three inches from the upper left-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot, and three inches from the lower left-hand corner, on the long edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. Three inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot, and three inches from the lower left-hand corner, on the short edge, another. Draw a line connecting the dots. (Fig. I.) Cut out the squares in each corner. (Fig. 2.) Make dots ^ inch apart on each side of the center rectangle. Connect these dots with the outside edges by parallel lines. There should be nine little rectangles on each of the long edges, and six on each of the short edges. (Fig. 2.) Cut each line just drawn, and bend the strips up, as in Fig. 3. Over and under these strips weave the long colored strips. Weave one strip around the basket until the two ends meet, and paste together. CONSTRUCTION WORK 57 P>., 9.yx ♦•«\-S" .^rM Hf I V.V3 *^VV 58 BUSY HANDS Weave the second strip in reverse order to the first one, and the third in reverse order to the second, so that the side of the basket will look like Fig. 4, When the three strips are woven in there will be an inch of the upright pieces left free at the top. Turn each little piece down even with the last strip-of colored paper, and paste inside the basket. Paste the other colored strip on for a handle. (Fig. 5.) BOOK NO. I Material : Four sheets of gray cardboard 22 in. x 28 in. ; one yard of red cambric ; paste and pictures. Bisect each side of one sheet of cardboard, and connect the dots by two lines which cross in the center of the cardboard. Cut with a very sharp knife. (This will divide the large sheet into four small pieces, 11 x 14.) Do the same with the other three sheets. O D □ v„- 1-> CONSTRUCTION WORK 59 Arrange and mount the pictures on fourteen of the pieces. (Fig. I.) Cut fourteen pieces of cambric, 2x11, and one piece 3x11. Crease this latter piece lengthwise into three equal parts. (Fig. 2.) Crease the fourteen pieces 2 x 11 in half, lengthwise. Ma- chine-stitch these fourteen pieces to the middle section of the piece of cambric which is 3 in. x 1 1 in. Stitch the fourteen pieces along the lengthwise crease. The pieces should be stitched close together, (c. Fig. 3.) \<\- » r.r3 Paste one cardboard into each of the fourteen folds of cam- bric so that an inch of cloth is on each side of every cardboard. Paste one cover inside of a; the other cover inside of b, Fig- 3- Cut corners and words "Art Book" from red cardboard or paper and paste upon the cover. (Fig. 4.) Note. Children cannot cut the cardboard, nor make the binding. This work must be done by the teacher. Selecting, 60 BUSY HANDS arranging and pasting the pictures, also pasting the cardboard into the binding, can be done by individual children at odd times. This book furnishes an excellent means of keeping pic- tures which are needed in various studies during the year. In pasting the cardboard into the binding care should be taken that each piece fits close to the stitching. \J, »n-^ BOOK NO. II Material : Fifteen sheets of plain, medium-weight paper, 55^ in. X 17 in.; two sheets 2^/2 in. x 5^ in.; two pieces of tinted cardboard 55^ in. x 8^^ in.; string; a sheet of colored paper 3 in. x 5^ in., and paste. Take one sheet of paper, 55^ in. x 17 in. Put the two short edges together and fold the sheet in half. Do the same with the other sheets. Place the pieces together, one inside of the other. CONSTRUCTION WORK 61 Place the two pieces, 2^ in. x 53^ in., on the outside of the folded pieces, {a-b. Fig. i.) Fasten all together with string. (Fig. i.) In fastening, bring one end through from the inside at /; bring the other a—b r.o.- <\-i end out at 3 ; then put both ends in at 2, and tie on the inside of the book. lies «i| Master Pieces (^ of Fig. 2. Paste one piece of colored cardboard, 5^ in. x 85^ in., be- tween the papers a-b, Fig. i. Paste the other cover between the small papers on the other side of the binding. 62 BUSY HANDS Paste the colored paper, 3 in. x 53^2 in., over the back to fin- ish the binding. Decorate the covers with any form of historic ornament or border. (Figs. 2 and 3.) These books are excellent to use in connection with language. Fig. 3. Each pupil should make one and paste into it the pictures of the artists studied and the reproductions of their works. Let the child write a short account of each picture — an explanation or a few interesting facts. These written pages could be pasted into the book opposite the picture to which they refer. JANUARY New Tear CALENDAR NO. I Material : Thin colored cardboard, baby ribbon and scis- sors ; a pattern like Fig. i for each child. Cut out twelve pieces of cardboard like the pattern. Make small holes in each piece with the point of the scis- sors, (a, b, c, Fig. I.) Fasten the pieces of cardboard together with ribbon. The ribbon should be put through each piece from the upper side (Fig. 2), so that the fan can be closed if so desired. Cut the months of the year from any calendar, and paste a month on each piece of cardboard. Begin at the left with Jan- uary, and paste in regular order. (Fig. 3.) CALENDAR NO. II Material : Six sheets of tinted paper 4 in. x 11 in. ; a quar- ter of a yard of ribbon ; paste and scissors. Fold each of the six sheets of paper, putting the short edges together, and creasing in the middle. Tie the sheets together where creased. Cut the months out of any calendar, and, beginning with January, paste each month in order on a separate sheet. Write the following selections under the months : 65 66 BUSY HANDS January. February. March. April. May. June. Always a night from old to new! Night and the healing balm of sleep ! Each morn is New Year's morn come true, Morn of a festival to keep. H. H. Jackson. George Washington First in War, First in Peace, And First in the Hearts of His Countrymen. The sun is bright — the air is clear, The darting swallows soar and sing, And from the stately elms I hear The bluebird prophesying Spring. H. W. L0NGFEI.I,0W. A gush of bird song, a patter of dew, A cloud and a rainbow warning, Sudden sunshine and perfect blue — An April day in the morning. Harriet Spoeeord. The voice of one who goes before to make The paths of June more beautiful, is thine, Sweet May ! Without an envy of her crown And bridal ; patient stringing emeralds And shining rubies for the brows of birch And maple. H. H. Jackson. And what is so rare as a day in June? Then if ever come perfect days. Then Heaven tries the earth if it be in tune. And over it softly her warm ear lays; Whether we look or whether we listen We hear life murmur, or see it glisten. James R. Loweix. CONSTRUCTION WORK 67 July. The shimmering heat. A tropic tide with ebb and flow, Bathes all the fields of wheat until they glow Like flashing seas of green. Selected. JAN U/^RY Sj n T W T r S 3 a 3 H 5 (, 7 S 'J 1 u I? J2 n 13 20 IH 15 K 17 5: 25 X5 Sf 25 16 X7 S.i ^.l ^. 31 ALWAYS A NIGHT, TRonoLO TO K L W ! Night andthe HrAiiwG BMn Ot SLLE.P! Each MoR^n is mlw YEAf\^ HonN cor'\t TT^UL, r|oT\NorArtSTiyALTo Ktt?. August. And when the silver habit of the clouds Comes down upon the autumn sun, and with A sober gladness the old year takes up His bright inheritance of golden fruits, A pomp and pageant fills the splendid scene. H. W. Longfellow. 68 BUSY HANDS September. The goldenrod is yellow, The corn is turning brown; The trees in apple orchards With fruit are bending down. The gentian's bluest fringes Are curling in the sun ; In dusty pods the milkweed Its hidden silk has spun. Selected. October. They toss the new hay in the meadow, They gather the elder blooms white, They find where the dusky grapes purple In the soft, tinted October light. M. H. Kbout. November. The air is full of whirling leaves, brown and yellow and red. The show is over. The winds, like noisy carpenters, are taking down the scenery. Miracle Plays of 1870. December. Within the hall are song and laughter, The cheeks of Christmas grow red and jolly. And sprouting is every corbel and rafter With the lightsome green of ivy and holly. James R. Lowell. FEBRUARY St, Valentine s Day and Washingt07i s Birthday r.G.j ^•G.3., F i a ♦ VALENTINE NO. I Materiai. : Colored paper 5 in. x 9 in. ; white writing paper y/2 in. X 7 in. ; quarter of a yard of baby ribbon ; five colored pictures ; scissors, pen and ink, and paste. Fold the colored paper, placing the two short edges together. Scallop the three cut edges of each page, as in Fig. i. (Do not cut the folded edge.) In the center of the first page cut a heart-shaped (or dia- mond-shaped, square or oblong) opening. Scallop or point the edges. Paste a small picture in each corner of the page. (Fig. I.) On one side of the white writing paper write the following verse : Upon the pathway of thy life, May sunshine ever stream, Each day, unmarred by storm or strife, Pass like a happy dream. Fold the verse in, by placing the two short edges of the pa- per together. Put the folded sheet inside the colored paper, and tie the two sheets together with ribbon. Paste a picture on the white paper under the heart-shaped opening in the colored paper. 71 72 BUSY HANDS VALENTINE NO. II Material: Medium-weight colored paper 6 in. x 12 in.; five pictures ; scissors and paste. Fold the paper by placing the two short edges together. Round each corner, as in Fig. 2, and scallop the cut edges of each page. Care should be taken to leave the paper double at r-s, for a hinge. Turn back the under page. Parallel to each rounded corner, cut a slit half an inch from the edge, (m-s, Fig. 2.) Scallop or point the edges of the half-inch bands thus formed. (A pretty trimming is made by cutting small slits and turning back every other section, as in Fig. 3-) In the center of the upper page of the valentine, cut two slits crossing each other, (x-y, and c-d.) Turn back the triangular pieces, and point the edges. (0, Fig. 2.) Bend back the circular pieces inside the half-inch bands and paste them to the points of these triangular pieces. Paste a picture upon the under page of the valentine, beneath the center opening. Paste four pictures upon the under page of the valentine, beneath the circular openings. In the four spaces around the pictures write: *'To My Valentine"; "With Kind Regards"; "Best Wishes"; "Think of Me." Write these little mottoes in such a way that they cannot be seen through the openings in the upper page of the valentine. CONSTRUCTION WORK 73 Fi IG. M. 74 BUSY HANDS t^" VALENTINE NO. Ill Material : A picture card 2 in. x 3 in. ; red cardboard 2 in. X 5 in. ; a yard of baby ribbon, scissors, pen and ink. Cut three hearts from the red cardboard. With a quarter of a yard of the ribbon suspend each heart from the picture card — one from the center of the lower edge of the card, and one from the center of each side, as in Fig. 4 (preceding page). Tie a loop and bow to the top of the picture card. Write on each heart as follows : (i) May pleasures be yours, (2) As you journey along, (3) In spite of all ills which to mortals belong. Write I on the left-hand heart ; 2 on the center heart, and j on the right-hand heart. The words may be printed, if so desired. WASHINGTON'S HATCHET Material : Colored cardboard 4 in. x 8 in. ; four sheets of blotting paper 4 in. x 8 in. ; a half yard of baby ribbon ; scissors and pattern like Fig. i. Place the pattern on each piece of blotting paper, mark, and cut out. Place the pattern on the colored cardboard, mark, and cut out. Place the cardboard hatchet on those made of blotting paper, "and tie together as shown in Fig. i. CONSTRUCTION WORK 75 Fig. 1 76 BUSY HANDS WASHINGTON CROSSING THE ALLEGHANY Material: Strawboard 5^ in. x 8>4 in.; pattern like Fig. 2 ; black paper 8 in. x 8 in. (medium weight) ; a square inch of white writing paper ; purple paper 2 in. x 3 in. ; orange-colored paper 2 in. x 3 in. ; scissors and paste. Place the pattern on the strawboard. Mark, and cut out. Make the hat, coat and boots of black paper, and paste upon the figure. Make the boot-top, cuffs and collar of orange paper; and paste upon the figure (o). Cut the wig of white paper, and paste, (w. Fig. i.) Leave the face, hands and pole uncovered. Cover the leg, from boot-top to coat, with purple paper. Tell the children the story of Washington crossing the Alleghany. The English and French both claimed the region west of the Alleghany Mountains, along the Ohio River. The French seized the English sur- veyors, broke up the British posts, and built forts. The Lieutenant-Gov- ernor of Virginia sent a message by George Wasl^ington — then a young man of twenty-one — to the French commanders of these forts, demanding their removal. Washington set out on his perilous journey through the wilderness. The commanders at the forts told Washington that France was deter- mined to hold the territory explored by La Salle and Marquette. Wash- ington's return., through the wilderness — a march of four hundred miles — was full of danger. The streams were swollen. The snow was falling, and freezing as it fell. The horses gave out, and he was forced to go on foot the balance of the journey. With only one companion, he left the usual path, and with the compass as his guide, struck boldly out through CONSTRUCTION WORK 77 78 BUSY HANDS the forest. An Indian lying in wait fired at him from onlj^ a few paces off, but missing, was captured. Attempting to cross the Alleghany on a rude raft, Washington and his companion were caught between large masses of ice floating down the rapid current of the mid-channel. Washington thrust out his pole to check the speed, but was jerked into the foaming water. Swimming to an island,- he barely escaped drowning. Fortunately, in the morning the river was- vfrozen over and he made his way across the ice. At last he reached home unharmed, and told of the French commander's reply. WASHINGTON'S HAT Material: Stiff black paper 6 in. x 6 In. (White, or any color, will answer if black cannot be secured) ; strip of card- board y2 in. X 3^ ; scissors and a pin. Half an inch from each end of the cardboard strip make a small hole with the scissors. Find the center of the 6x6 sheet of paper. (Bisect each side and draw diameters.) Place a pin in one hole of your circle-divider, and fasten to the center of the paper. Place a pencil in the other hole and draw a circle. (Fig. i.) Divide the circumference into three equal parts. (To trisect the circumference, apply the diameter of the circle three times, o, Fig. 2.) Crease the paper from these dots, in toward the center of the circle for a distance of i^ inch. (,t-. Fig. 2.) On the circle, quarter of an inch to either side of each dot, make a dot, and draw lines .y. Crease the paper on these lines, very sharply. The three- pointed hat. Fig. 3, will result. CONSTRUCTION WORK 79 \ Tla. X, Fia. 3. MARCH Spring Fia.i. MARCH Tell the children the history of time-keeping, viz. : clepsydra, sand-glass King Alfred's candle, shadow-stick and sun-dial. SuN-DiAi, Material : Two pieces of board i in. x 3 in. x 2 ft. ; one piece of board i in. x 3 in. x 6 in. ; one piece of strawboard 6 in, X 10 in.; one piece of strawboard 5 in. x 5 in.; one piece of strawboard Yz in. x 6 in. ; two strips of heavy paper i in. x 45^ in. ; hammer, pencil, ruler and paste. Of the three pieces of board make a stand (Fig i), allowing the board A to swing easily on the nail B. On the 2 1st of March at noon take the stand out into the sunshine. Place the base X-Y in a north and south line. Move the board A, Fig. i, so that the shadow made by the end C, will fall directly on the shadow made by the end D. (Fig. I.) When the ends of the board A throw but one shadow, hold the board firmly in that position and mark the angle U-S-C, Fig. I, on the 5x5 piece of strawboard. Remove the cardboard from the stand, and continue the hypothenuse of the right triangle until it intersects the edge of the strawboard, at O. (Fig. 2.) Four and one-half inches from 5 (Fig, 2) make a dot, D. Through D draw a line parallel to the edge X. 83 84 BUSY HANDS Cut out the triangle, S-D-M. Lay the 6 x lo piece of strawboard on the desk, with the long edge toward you. One-half inch from the lower left-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. One-half inch from the lower right-hand D f I a. 2 CONSTRUCTION WORK 85 F I G. 5. ■T •"R ?•»<;. 5 86 . BUSY HANDS corner, on the short edge, make another, and draw a line con- necting the dots. (X-Y, Fig. 3.) Bisect the Hne. {0, Fig. 3.) On the ^ X 6 strip of cardboard make a dot half an inch from one end. (R, Fig. 4.) Four and one-half inches from this dot make another at T. Make small holes through the dots. Put a pin through one of the holes and fasten the circle- divider to the 6 X 10 strawboard at dot 0, Fig. 3. Draw the semicircle, X-M-Y. Draw the line, M-o, Fig. 3, parallel to the short edges of the strawboard. In front of the letter o, Fig. 3, print "South" ; above letter M, "North"; near letter X, "West"; near letter F, "East." The sun-dial must always be held so that the word "East" is toward the east'ern part of the horizon. Fold the two heavy strips of paper ( i x 4^) lengthwise. Paste the triangular piece of cardboard to the large piece on the line M-o (Fig. 3), so that angle B-S-C of Fig. 2 is on dot of Fig. 3. Let the children experiment and find the hour lines A-B-C, Fig- 5- Notd: The angle secured by using the stand (Fig. i) shows the altitude of the sun at the place where it is sighted. Should the 21st of March be cloudy, the next sunny day will answer the purpose. The obtaining of the angle, E-S-C, Fig. 2, might be done by two or three pupils at noon and the result reported to the class. The styles (triangular cardboards, Fig. 2.) might all be cut and the angle E-S-C marked, before the class was ready for making the sun-dial. CONSTRUCTION WORK 87 CLOCK FACE Mati;riai, : Cardboard 6 in. x 6 in. ; strawboard strip ]/< in. X 3 in. ; two strips of colored cardboard y2 in. x 3 in. ; pin and scissors. In the strawboard strip make a small hole with the scissors ^ inch from one end ; i % inch from this hole, make another ; Three-eighths of an inch from the second hole make a third. One-eighth of an inch from this hole make a fourth, and one- eighth of an inch from this a fifth. (Fig. i.) Bisect each edge of the cardboard square. Draw diameters. Make a pin-hole at the crossing of the lines. Turn the cardboard over. Put a pin through point a of the circle-divider (Fig. i), and fasten it to the center point of the large cardboard. Put the pencil through each of the holes and draw four con- centric circles. (Fig. 2.) Divide the two outer circles into twelve equal parts by lines X, Fig. 2. (Divide into fourths and each fourth into thirds.) Divide each twelfth into fifths. Between the first and the second circle make the numbers marking the hours. (Make them under little lines X, Fig. 2, which mark five minute spaces.) Mark and cut out the hands ( Fig. 3 ) , from the colored card- board strips — the hour hand shorter than the minute hand. Teach the children to tell time by this face. S8 BUSY HANDS a • * ft FiG.J Tia.z i r IG.5. CONSTRUCTION WORK 89 SPRING CARD Material: Cardboard (white or tinted) 5 in, x 5^/2 in; pussy willows ; paste ; ribbon ; pen and ink ; needle and thread ; ruler. Place the cardboard rectangle on the desk, with the long edge toward you. Three inches from the upper left-hand corner, on the short edge, make a dot. Lay the ruler from this dot across the paper parallel with the upper edge of the card. One and three- fourths inch from this dot, make another, and one-quarter of an inch from this dot a third. Draw a line connecting the two dots which are ^4 inch apart. Using this line as a base, make a rectangle J4 inch high, {a, Fig. I.) Paste a pussy willow above the rectangle, having the round end down. Draw a tail below and a cat's head above the pussy willow. Make three other drawings in the same way. Have the drawings in a row, and ^ inch apart. Sew a small branch of pussy willows across the upper left- hand corner of the card. Tie a loop and bow of ribbon at the top of the card. At the bottom print any appropriate verse, such as the fol- lowing : Pussy willow, can you meaw? What? You don't know how? Listen, if you wish to know. For this pussy will, O ! 90 BUSY HANDS Come Spring, for now from all the dripping eaves, The spear of ice has wept itself away. Tennyson. Come Spring! She comes on waste and wood. On farm and field. Tennyson. CONSTRUCTION WORK 91 Pussy w\lloW cak you ntAv(? What? You don> \uo\i Ho\Y? LisT^M, IF You Wish T'O ^MoVfv 1^0^ TH\s Pussy Hii-L-s Ol \^mg)mmmitu»mmi'mmam T »G J APRIL Raster EASTER LILY Material: Six strips of white tissue or crepe paper ly^ in. X 6 in. ; six strips of green tissue paper, i in. x 6 in. ; one strip of green paper, 3^ in. x 30 in. ; a strip of yellow tissue paper, 5^ in. x 6 in, ; a piece of stiff wire 14 inches long; some cotton thread ; a cardboard pattern like Fig. i ; paste and scissors. Place the pattern on each piece of white paper, mark with a pencil, and cut out. Point each strip of green paper at one end so that its shape will be similar. Take the wire and strip of yellow paper. Fasten a small bunch of the paper at one end of the wire {y, Fig. 2), and wind the remainder of paper down the wire. Three inches from the end on which is the bunch of yellow paper, fasten the six white petals with cotton thread, (c. Fig. 2.) Paste one edge of a petal to the edge of the next petal three inches from the pointed end. {x, Fig. 2.) Curl each petal back 2 inches from the pointed end. {0, Fig. 2.) Begin to wind the stem with the ^ x 30 strip of green paper just where the petals are tied on. {c, Fig. 2.) Put in the leaves as you wind the stem. (Fig. 3.) 95 96 BUSY HANDS FROG Material: A blown egg; cardboard pattern of frog like Fig. I ; a sheet of green paper, 5 in. x 6 in. (medium weight) ; paste and scissors. Lay the pattern on the green paper, mark and cut out. Cut out an ellipse in the center of the frog's body a trifle too small for the egg to pass through, (x, Fig. i.) Fiff. 1 Place the egg in this space, and paste the paper to it. The frog should be floated in water. Note : A cardboard pattern could be given to one child and enough green papers for a class marked a few davs before the lesson. CONSTRUCTION WORK BASKET Material : Strawboard or colored cardboard 5^ in. x 8^ in. ; strip of plain paper 3^ in. x 21 in. ; strip of crepe paper ^ in. X 18 in. ; strip of crepe paper 2^ in, x 20 in. ; wire 9 inches long; paste, scissors and ruler. ^^»«^- 3 (If strawboard is used, the basket should be lined with paper. With colored cardboard no lining is needed.) Make a box without a cover, according to directions given under Box No. I, on p. 45. 98 BUSY HANDS Bisect each long side of the box ^ inch from the upper edge, and hook the ends of the piece of wire through the dots. Cover this wire handle by twisting around it the strip of crepe paper, ^ in. x i8 in. (Fig. i.) Place the crepe paper around the basket so that one edge extends one-half inch below the bottom and the other edge one inch above the top. (Fig. 2.) Bend the paper which extends below the basket (a. Fig 2), and paste flat to the cardboard bottom, (b, Fig. 2.) Paste a narrow strip of colored paper around the basket to keep the crepe paper in position. (Fig. 3.) Stretch the upper edge of the crepe paper until it ripples. EASTER CARD MatERIAIv : Colored cardboard 4 in. x 5 in. ; gold paint or yellow water-color; 8 inches of fine yellow covered wire; fine white yarn ; strawboard 2 in. x 2 in. ; yellow cardboard ^4 i^^^h square, a needle, and scissors. On the colored cardboard outline an egg (Fig. i) and cut out. (Fig. 2.) Print the words ** Easter Greeting" at one side, or an Easter verse such as, When the Easter lamp was lighted At the Saviour's tomb. Evermore to shed its radiance, Where were death and gloom? Selected. Or this, Sundays by thee more glorious break An Easter day in every week. KeblE. CONSTRUCTION WORK 99 Decorate the edge of the card with some pretty border. For the chicken, cut a circle one inch in diameter from the 2 X 2 strawboard. Make a hole in the center of the circle 3-16 inch in diameter. (iic^o ^"'^-f Thread the needle with yarn. Let the thread be double, and long. (Several needlefuls will be required.) Pass the needle through the hole in the center of the one-inch circle ; then be- tween the double strands near the knot at the end of the yarn. Pull the yarn tight, so that the knot comes at the outside edge of the circular cardboard. (Fig. 3.) 100 BUSY HANDS Pass the needle through the hole in the center as many times as it will go through. Do not sew over and over the circle in one place. Go around the disk, covering it evenly. When the hole is filled, cut off the yarn (carried by the needle) at the edge of the circle. Put one blade of the scissors through the wool so that the blade rests on the cardboard inside of the yarn, and cut the yarn along the edge of the cardboard. Take a double piece of yarn live inches long and press it down between the cardboard and the yarn, and tie firmly around the yarn which passes through the center of the disk. (Fig. 5-) Cut out the cardboard circle, and a white ball of yarn results. If the ball is not perfect, trim down the uneven parts. This ball is the chicken's body. From the remainder of the square of strawboard cut a circle half an inch in diameter. Fill this small circle as you filled the inch circle. The resulting white ball is the chicken's head. Sew the head and body together, and make two ink spots for eyes. Fold the quarter-inch square of yellow cardboard diagonally and paste it into the wool below the eyes to form the chicken's bill. Cut the yellow coverea wire into inch lengths, and bend each piece in the middle. Tie four pieces together for each foot, letting three toes extend forward and one back. Put paste on the wire and stick the legs firmly into the large ball. (Fig. 6.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 101 Now fasten the chicken on the card. Two chickens on a card look better than one. (Fig. 8.) The card may be made in the shape of a rabbit instead of an egg- It may be made into a Httle booklet by having another card- board for the back. The leaves should be cut (the same shape as the covers) out of white note paper. Use a paper hinge (Fig. 7) to fasten the covers and leaves together. Easter verses may be written on each leaf, and a little water- color picture painted opposite each verse. MAY Decoration Day »jkv\cut X.A<\« \\<.vu5 <■*?«* T"i6 - 1 ■ Fig 2. Tia 3 SOLDIER CAP MateriaIv : One sheet of navy blue tissue paper ; one sheet of red tissue paper; one sheet of white tissue paper; piece of newspaper the size of tissue sheets ; pins ; scissors. Fold the blue tissue paper and the newspaper each in half, crosswise. Trim off an inch all round the newspaper until the cut edges are an inch within those of the tissue paper. (Fig. i.) Lay the folded newspaper inside of the tissue paper. Fold the right-hand half of the uncut edge down crosswise of the paper. (Fig. 2.) Fold the other half of the uncut edge so that it laps one-half inch over the edge already folded, and pin the two uncut edges together. (Fig. 3.) Turn back the papers on one side of the cap, as in Fig. 4. Fold the cut edge of the newspaper back to the double edge e, in Fig. 5. Fold the tissue paper back over the news- paper and turn the remaining inch of paper under as a facing. Pin this lower edge of the cap. Do the same with the other side of the cap. Turn the corners and pin. (Fig. 6.) Cut eight strips of red paper, and eight strips of white paper jE^ x 6. Fringe the ends. Pin the strips of paper in a bunch at the top of the cap for a tassel. The cap may be made smaller by folding the double edges over two or three inches instead of one inch, as in Fig. 3. 105 106 BUSY HANDS Use these caps in a march for Decoration Day exercises. Give each child a wand, or let each one provide a stick or gun for himself. A drummer to lead would be effective. r>6.*- Tt^svve Vttiper Mm\immmimmi!!iiiiiiiiiJi/iiim^^^^^ r*-5- Tx,b CONSTRUCTION WORK 107 PAPER SASH-CURTAINS A very pretty idea for Decoration Day is to make red, white and blue paper sash curtains. The paper should be heavier than tissue paper. Cut it into strips }i in. x 2^ in. (Fig. i.) Bring the two edges of each strip together, lap, and paste so as to form a ring. (Fig. 2.) Pass a strip through the ring. (Fig. 3.) ii TTi-rr- agaaaaM n Fig- J. Fig 3 F»G Z Fid. If. Bring the ends together, and paste to form a ring. (Fig. 4.) Continue to add rings until a chain as long as the window sash Is formed. Tack a cord to the window sash and string the rings on it. One chain might be white, the next blue, and the third red, etc. The rings themselves might vary in color : one ring red. 108 BUSY HANDS the next white, and the third blue. Or, all of the chains for one window might be red, all for another window white, and those for a third window blue. These chains are pretty for Christmas or any other holiday. All colors may be used for Christmas decoration. The small strips may be difficult to handle at first, but they make prettier chains than broader ones. PICTURE FRAME Material: A picture of Lincoln or of a war hero; red, white and blue cardboard ; white string ; ruler ; needle ; scissors and paste. Suppose the picture is 5 in. x 7 in. From the blue cardboard cut two strips }i in. x 1034 in., and two ^ in. X 12^ in. Cut the same number and size strips from the red and the white cardboard. The 1 2^ -inch strips are to be placed lengthwise of the frame; the 10^ -inch strips are to be placed crosswise. Place one blue strip 10^ inches long in a horizontal position, (a. Fig. I.) Place a blue strip 12^4 inches long (b. Fig. i) in a vertical position across the strip a, so that ^4 inch of a and % inch of b project beyond the place of crossing. Thread the needle double with string and make a knot in the end. Put the string across a and b. (Line x, Fig. i) Pass the needle through the double end of the string, and bring the knot tight to the under side of the frame. Bring the strip up over the upper edge of a, and across a and b in line y, Fig. i. CONSTRUCTION WORK 109 VL j' ■> Y G ' x F < X X X a H < X X X s vn < X X X T *\ t^ w H Fl6-l rs \ A jTv 'v. A. c > <" > < P\«1\ir€ <■ 5 <. " ( > i ^. , i V \ / V vv V TiG 2! 110 BUSY HANDS Lay a strip of white cardboard 12^ inches long across a Yq inch from b. (See w, Fig. i.) Place it in position so that ^ inch projects beyond a. Bring the string over the upper edge of a and cross it over a and w in line c, Fig, i. Bring the string to the upper edge of a, cross it over a and w in line d, Fig. i. Take a strip of red cardboard I2j4 inches long, (r, Fig. i.) Place it across a in a vertical position ^ inch from w. Let ^4 inch project beyond a, Fig. i. Bring the string to the upper edge of a, and cross it over a and r in line /. Bring it to the upper edge of a, and cross it over a and r in line g. Take a strip of white cardboard loy^ inches long. Put it in position parallel to a, and so that it projects ^ inch beyond h. (See s.) Let the space between a and s be Y^ inch. Bring the string to the lower edge of .y and cross it over .y and r in line h. Bring it to the lower edge of s, cross it over r and s, in line m. In the same manner cross the string over .y and w ; also over ,; and h. Place a strip of red cardboard 10^ inches long across h and w, Ys inch from s. (See /, Fig. i.) Bring the string to the lower edge of t and cross it over t and b, in line 0. Bring it to the lower edge of t and cross it over b and t, in line n. Cross the string in the same manner over t and w, also over t and r. Fasten the string securely behind the cross at t and r and cut it. CONSTRUCTION WORK 111 Make the other three corners of the frame in the same man- ner. Point the ends of the strips and paste the picture behind the central space. (Fig. 2.) If the picture is any other size than 5x7, cut the strips so they are 5^ inches longer than the picture and 5^ inches wider than the picture. A pretty way to make the frame is to have all the strips white, use red string to cross them with, and put a blue paper lining behind the strips. JUNE yapanese ?.v« r.4-2 r.j ( f.4 in. from the upper edge of the strawboard. Cut out the pattern (on the black lines. Fig. i). With the point of one blade of the scissors crease all of the light lines except x. Crease x on the under side. Bend and paste into shape as shown in Fig. 2. (The triangles should be pasted to the back. ) Make wheels three inches in diameter. (See Dutch Milk Cart.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 119 JAPANESE BOX Material : Cream-colored paper 9 in. x 10^ in. ; cardboard i^ in. X 20 in.; paste, scissors, and ruler. For cover: Cream paper 4^4 in. x yj4 in. ; colored paper 4^ in. x 7^ in., and strawboard ^2 in. x 20^ in. Place the paper 9 x 103^ on the desk, short edge toward you. ^— p*— I I I I I r I — I I I — r— F.3 .^v . A Three inches from the upper right-hand corner make a dot on the long edge. Three inches from the upper left-hand corner, on the long edge, make another, and connect the dots by a line. Three inches from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot, and three inches from the lower left-hand corner, on the long edge, another. 120 BUSY HANDS Connect the dots by a line. Make a row of dots half an inch apart across the short edges. Connect the dots by lines. (Fig. i.) Cut the paper (on the lines) into half-inch strips. Cross two strips where the pencil mark is. (Three inches from the end.) Add strips inside of each strip until all are used. Weave over and under as in Fig. 2. Divide the cardboard into four equal parts. Crease dividing lines with the point of one blade of the scis- sors. Bend. Paste ends together with a small strip of paper. (c, Fig. 3.) Place the cardboard frame on the woven mat and bend up the ends of the strips, (a, Fig. 3.) Bend them over the edge of the frame and paste down on the inside of the box. (b, Fig. 3.) For the cover take the strip of strawboard y^ x 20^. Divide it into four sections 5^ inches long. Crease, and bend into frame. Place the sheet of cream paper 4^ x 7^ on the desk, with the short edge toward you. One inch from tlie upper right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot, and one inch from the upper left-hand corner, on tt^ long edge, anotlier. Draw a line connectiug the dots. One inch from the lower right-hand corner, on the long edge, make a dot, one inch from the lower left-hand corner, on the long edge, another. Join the dots. CONSTRUCTION WORK 121 Make a row of dots half an inch apart across each short edge. Join the dots by lines. Cut the paper into half-inch strips (on the lines). Viyif. With tlie piece of colored paper do just as has been done with tl"ffi cream-colored paper. Weave the two and paste upon tlie frame ab. was done with the box. (Fig. 4.) MISCELLANEOUS Fig I TiQ ^ Fid. 3 . A ROMAN ROBE Material i^or Loom : Four boards ^ in, x 2 in. x 14 ; four boards }i in. x 2 in. x 6 in. ; two pieces of board 3^ in. x ^ in. X 16 in. ; nails and hammer. For Robe : One skein of cord % inch thick ; fourteen skeins of maroon double zephyr yarn ; one skein each of yellow, black, red, brown, blue, white and green. (See colors, Fig. 6.) Loom Nail the four pieces of board ^ in. x 2 in. x 14 in. together in the shape of a rectangle. (Fig. i.) Take the four pieces of board ^ in. x 2 in. x 6 in., and nail one piece to each of the four corners of the rectangle. (Fig. 2.) Nail the two pieces of board 3/2 x ^ x 16 in. to the top of these upright pieces. (Fig. 3.) Cut the cord in lengths four inches longer than the space between the cross-sticks a and b, Fig. 3. Tie the pieces of cord, half an inch apart, tight across the space between the cross-sticks. Note : The robe can be made by twenty-five children, each child making a section. (Fig. 7.) If it is to be made by twenty-five children, there should be twenty-five looms and each cord used should be eighteen inches long. When a section is finished, the ends of the cords are lapped two inches and sewed together. (Fig. 8.) To do this it will be necessary to shove the worsted work up on the cords. When 12s 126 BUSY HANDS the cords are securely sewed together, push the worsted work down in position again over the cords. This will make it ap- pear like a continuous piece of work. The necessity for having the cords just half an inch apart, and the same number of cords (23) on each loom, is evident in Fig. 8. If one piece is wider than the other, they will not sew together well. Pa 0^. <^, Table of Colors 1. White. 2. Black. 3. Vermilion. 4. Lemon Yellow. 5. Golden Brown. 6. Prussian Blue. 7. Olive Green. 8. Maroon. CONSTRUCTION WORK 127 The robe may be made by five children, each child having a loom. If five children make the robe, the cords on each loom should be forty-seven inches long and tied upon the cross-sticks (a and b, Fig. 3) half an inch apart. Each child makes one strip of five sections. When the strips are completed, sew them together lengthwise, (x, Fig. 7.) a. 7< SI, Maroon Colors ^i ARGON HP The work may be done on a large frame, the size of the robe desired. The Robe From a piece of cardboard or thin wood 2x4, cut a shuttle in the form of Fig. 4. Fill the shuttle with maroon yarn (8, Table of Colors), and work back and forth through the cords, passing the shuttle over one cord and under the next. 128 BUSY HANDS When the last cord is reached, start back through the cords in the opposite direction. Where the yarn is over a cord in the first row, it must be under that cord in the second row. (Fig. 9.) -^i^UL^ Colons ^^^^^^^^ T'i 8^ « Use this cardboard as a measure for the colored sections of the robe. F -IG. U 130 BUSY HANDS Fill a new shuttle with yellow yarn, (i, Table.) Work over and under through the cords a sufficient number of times to make a yellow stripe ^4 inch wide, then cut the yellow shuttle from the work. Fill a new shuttle with black yarn. (2, Table.) Tie one end of the black yarn to the yellow. Work over and under the cords until a^ou have a black stripe y^ inch wide, and push it close to the yellow stripe. Cut the black shuttle from the work. Fill a shuttle with red yarn. (3, Table.) Tie one end of the red yarn to the black stripe, and work over and under through the cords until there is a red stripe ^ inch wide. Continue to take new shuttles and the colors in order, ac- cording to Fig. 10. When the striped section is completed, untie it from the loom and lay it aside. Restring the loom and make another maroon section. Continue to make striped and solid sections until you have a sufficient number completed to make the robe. Sew the sec- tions together according to the directions in the note. The robe may be made wider and longer by adding more sections. Fringe When the sections of the robe are all sewed together, take a piece of cord twice as long as the robe is wide. Double the cord and tie it between two chairs. Cut up all the remaining yarn into pieces nine inches long. Double tlie 3^am, put it under the cord, pass the ends through the double end, and pull the yarn close to the cord. (Fig. 11.) Make sufficient fringe for both ends and sew the fringe to the robe. CONSTRUCTION WORK 131 WASTE PAPER BASKET NO. I Material : One pound of white raffia ; one-half pound of green raffia; needle, wire and scissors. Take a bunch of white raffia ^ inch thick. Take a needleful of white raffia. Fia.i. 132 BUSY HANDS Put one end of the needleful in with the bunch of raffia. {,v, Fig. I.) Bring the raffia in the needle along the bunch to the end (b, Fig. i), and wind around the bunch from & to a (about an inch). T\Q. S. Bend a-b, Fig. i, into a circular form, and put the needle through the first stitch at the end. (Fig. 2.) The two ends should come together and leave a hole in the center only large enough for the needle to pass through easily. Care should be taken that this central part (Fig. 2) is per- fectly round. If it is not, it should be pressed into a round shape, or the work should be done over, as this central part shapes the basket. a ^ CONSTRUCTION WORK 133 In the first row around this starting place (Fig. 2) the raffia in the needle is wound once around the "tails," between every stitch that is sewed through the central hole. (Fig. 3.) In the next row the raffia is wound twice around the tails, and the needle is sewed between the starting place and the first row instead of through the hole in the center. ( Fig. 4. ) In the next row the raffia in the needle is wound three times around the tails between the long stitches, which are sewed over the two rows. Continue to add rows until the circumference of the raffia work is 27 inches. A diameter of 8>4 inches should bring this circumference. Wind enough stitches around the ''tails" between the long stitches to make these long stitches appear to /adiate from the center like the spokes of a wheel. The last row around the base should be green. Bring the tails up on top of this green row. Thread the needle with green. 134 BUSY HANDS Make another green row around the basket on top of the last row of the base. (Fig. 5.) Sew every fourth stitch around this row and the last row of the base. (Fig. 5.) The stitches between these long stitches are simply wound around the "tails." Thread the needle with white. Begin the second row by making one white stitch across the first and second rows (a). Thread the needle with green. Make the next 254 inches green. Sew every fourth stitch over this row and the first row. These long stitches will be green. Make one white stitch at intervals of 2^ inches around this row. Begin the third row by winding the white raffia around the "tails" twice (rs, Fig. 6), and taking one long white stitch (x-y) over the second and third rows. Thread the needle with green. Work the space between x and c, Fig. 6, with green. Thread the needle with white. Make the long stitch c-d, and work the space between c and in, with white. Make the long stitch m-o over the second and third rows with white. Thread the needle with green and make another space of green work like x-c. Continue to work in green and white around the basket until the green triangle a-t-b and the white triangle, t-b-h are formed. The green triangles should be eight rows high. The ninth row is all white except one green stitch (f-j, Fig. 6) at the top of each green triangle. CONSTRUCTION WORK 135 The tenth row is soHd white. Beginning with the tenth row, make sufficient white weaving to form a band two inches wide around the basket. Just above this two-inch band of white raffia, begin to make green triangles again. 'KT i^i P iS.i '^ J-Jl a i b o Z' I a. i». These triangles are to be made point down. Look at Fig. 6 upside down and begin to work with one green stitch, t-£. When these twelve inverted triangles are completed, make one row of green around the basket. Above this row of green make twelve more triangles just like those at the base of the basket. (Fig. 6.) These two rov;s of triangles make twelve green diamonds around the center of the basket. Beginning with the row above the green diamonds, make another band of white weaving two inches wide. From the base to the top of the green diamonds the basket has been 27 inches in circumference ; the sides have been made straight up. 136 BUSY HANDS From the top of the green diamonds to the top of the basket make each row a little larger so that the basket will be bell- shaped at the top. T\ G. . 7. Above the band of white raffia make twelve more inverted triangles around the top of the basket. Turn Fig. 6 upside down and begin with the green stitch, t-£, to make these tri- angles. As the basket has been growing larger, the base of these tri- angles will be about three and a half inches. (Fig. 7.) Handles Make two wire diamonds 4 3^ inches long and 2^ inches wide. CONSTRUCTION WORK 137 Take a bunch of white raffia 34 i^ich thick, and wind green raffia around it and the wire. Fasten one diamond-shaped handle to the point of one of the triangles at the top of the basket. Fasten the other to the opposite triangle. WASTE PAPER BASKET NO. II Material: A piece of board Yz in. x 33^ in. x 6 in.; one pound of white raffia ; one-half pound of green raffia ; one spool of wire ^ inch thick; a darning needle; scissors, a nail and a hammer. ^,a^' Round the four corners of the board. With the nail and hammer make a row of holes around the board ^ inch from the edge. Arrange them so that one comes in each corner, and so there is about ^)4 inch between the holes. (Fig. i.) Take a bunch of white raffia ^ inch thick. Thread the needle with green, and wind the ends of the little bunch of white with the green raffia. 138 BUSY HANDS Place the raffia against the edge of the board at one of the corners, and sew through the hole in the corner of the board with the green. (Fig. 2.) Sew over and over the white raffia until the next hole is reached, then sew through the hole. Sevv^ the green over and over the white raffia until opposite the third hole, then sew through the third hole. Continue sewing through the holes as they are reached. When the piece of green has been used until only four inches remain, let it mix with the "tails." (a, Fig. 3.) Thread the needle with green, and lay the end of the piece in with the tails. About three inches from the end hold the piece of green raffia firmly to the white "tails." (x, Fig. 3.) Continue to sew the green raffia over the white, and through the holes as the work reaches them. When the "tails" get thin, add a piece of white raffia every few stitches so that the bunch is always ^ inch thick. To add a "tail," just hold the end of a piece of white raffia firmly to the bunch until the green is sewed over it. Fasten the second row to the first by sewnng over the first row every fourth stitch, that is, sew the green raffia around the CONSTRUCTION WORK 139 white four times, then put the needle between the board and the first row. This will make a long" stitch passing over the outside of the two rows. {A-B-C, Fig. 4.) To make the little knot in the stitch, bring the needle down between the board and the first row, then put the needle between the first and second hows just behind the stitch. (D, Fig. 4.) Sew the green raffia over the top of stitch D. Put the needle between the first and second rows again, and bring it down be- hind the second row. Continue to sew around the second row, making every fourth stitch a knotted one. Make seven rows of green, each row a little larger than the one before it. To make a row larger than those before, put more stitches between the knotted stitches, and more stitches on the corners. When the fourth row is reached, put a piece of wire in with the "tails" for the remaining three rows. This strength- ens the stand. (Fig. 5.) Let the "tails" grow very thin near the end of the seventh row, or cut them diagonally across. Fasten the last of the seventh row to the sixth row by sewing the green raffia over and over many times. When finished, the stand should look like a solid green band i^ inch wide. The method of work in the upper part of the basket is just like that in the stand. Take another bunch of white raffia ^ inch thick. Sew it over and over with white, and make every fourth stitch a knotted stitch. Start the white row from the same corner from which the stand was started. L40 BUSY HANDS o t. II 1.) i^-j.i J i i i\ n I ri / I f i I •/ 1 I 1 II /111"?" '"i^ 7 'rvvTW'""" " '"" J..\LUA.[AAU.\: Ytv~- ^ ■ ^c,- (o Fasten the white row to the first green row. Let the basket grow larger as it is worked upward. Follow- ing is the order of the rows, their color, and the size the basket should be at each green row : One white row. One green row. Two white rows. One green row — loj^ inches around. Three white rows. One green row — 15 inches around. Four white rows. One green row — 31 inches around. Five white rows. One green row — 35% inches around. Six white rows. One green row — 39 inches around. Seven white rows. The next is a broken green row, and is the beginning of the design at the top of the basket. (Fig. 6.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 141 Beginning at the corner with the row just above the seven white rows, make two inches of the row white. Thread the needle with green and make seven inches of the row green. This strip of green should come in the middle of the narrow side of the basket (A-B, Fig. 6). Make two inches of white next to the seven inches of green. This strip of white should come across the corner, one inch of the white strip showing on the narrow side of the basket, and one inch showing on the broad side of the basket. Next to the two inches of white comes four inches of green. Then : Two inches white (middle of broad side). Four inches green. Two inches white (corner). Seven inches green (narrow side). Two inches white (corner). Four inches green (x-y, Fig. 6). Two inches white (y-t. Fig. 6). Four inches green (t-e, Fig. 6). The next two rows are white except the few stitches of green put in to outline the figures like y-m-s-t, Fig. 6. The base of the figures like d-g-h-r, Fig. 6, must be worked in the next row. In the sixth row above the row which was the beginning of the border, work in the tops of the figures like y-m-s-t. Fig. 6. That is, use green to work in the line m-s, for each one of the figures. The next two rows are white except where green is needed to complete the figures like d-g-h-r. The last row is solid green all the way around. This row completes the border, which is in all ten rows wide. 142 BUSY HANDS Slant off and fasten the last row as was done with the last row of the stand. The last three rows should be wired. Handles Of wire make two triangles having a 7-inch base and a 4-inch altitude. Take sufficient white raffia to make the handles ^ inch thick. Cover the wire and white raffia with green. Sew the handles to the middle of each narrow side. They should hang from the green stripe a-b to the fifth green stripe. To make the handles hang exactly even, sew one to the line a-b, and the other to the white stripe just below the row of which a-b is a part. RAFFIA WORK BASKET Material: A piece of board ^/^ in. x 9 in. x 12 in.; one pound of white raffia ; four packages of rattan reeds No. 4 ; two packages of rattan reeds No. 6 ; darning needle ; scissors ; nail and hammer (or a gimlet) ; five yards of light blue ribbon one inch wide, and one yard of light blue satin. Make a hole (with the hammer and nail or the gimlet) in each corner of the board. Make a row of holes ^ inch apart around the board ^ inch from the edge. (Fig. i.) It is important to get the holes exactly the same distance apart, as they determine the rows of chain-stitches which show across each side of the basket. CONSTRUCTION WORK 143 Zl Fip.t. J- f i~ im^^ m m\\\\\\\m\\ \ m I Mlfi l M M ^ 144 BUSY HANDS Each reed before being used should be soaked in water twenty-four hours. This makes it pHable. Take a reed and a needleful of raffia. Fasten the end of the reed to one corner of the board by- sewing through the hole with the raffia. (Fig. 2.) z iiftigw iiiiiiiiiiMi D G D r^f-3 Wind the raffia around the reed by sewing between the reed and the board. Pass the needle through every fourth hole. When the end of the reed is reached, slant it off. Take an- other reed, slant its end also. Hold the two ends firmly to- gether and sew over them. {S, Fig. 3.) Keep the reed in the first row shoved down close to the lower edge of the board. (Fig. 2.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 145 While working the second row, sew over the outside of the first row every half inch. It does not make any difference whether the raffia passes through a hole at every half inch or not ; the stitch over the first row must be put there every half- inch. While working this second row pass the needle through the holes which come next to the holes used while working the first row. {X-Y-Z, Fig. 3.) 7^9- ?• #• The third row begins the chain stitch. (Fig. 4.) Every half-inch there is a long stitch going over the outside of the first and second rows. {A-B, Fig. 4.) While making the long stitch over the second and third rows, put the needle through the middle of the long stitch going over the first and second rows. {0, Fig. 4.) The needle not only passes through the middle of the stitch {A-B, Fig. 4), but between the first and second rows. This splits the long stitches over the first and second rows and gives a chain-like appearance. {M, S, R, and T, Fig. 4.) 146 BUSY HANDS Simply wind the raffia around the reed between the chain- stitches. Sew the needle through the remaining holes in the board while making the third row. Continue to make rows around the board until the work is one inch (seven rows) high. ^^<\-'S Cut four dozen pieces of reed one inch long. Work the seventh row around to the corner from which the basket was started. Bend the reed upward. One inch from this bend make another turn in the reed so that it will be in the right position for the eighth row. Wind the raffia up around this one-inch bend in the reed. (A. Fig. 5.) Wind the raffia around the reed X, Fig. 5 until over the line of chain-stitches B. CONSTRUCTION WORK 147 Take a long- stitch from reed X, through the center of stitch O, in the seventh row. Put one of the inch pieces behind this stitch, and wind the rafha around it from O to X. The work should be held firmly, and this little piece of rat- tan should be bound firmly into position. Wind the raffia around reed X until over the line of chain- stitches C, Fig. 5. Take a long stitch from the reed X through the middle of stitch M. Simply wind the raffia back over this long stitch. Wind the raffia again along reed X, until over the line of chain-stitches H, Fig. 5. Put another one-inch reed into position at this point. Continue around the basket in this way — an inch reed al- ternating with an inch stitch. The work should be arranged so that a raffia stitch (not an inch reed) will come on each of the four corners. This open space is for the riblx)n. Above this ribbon space make five inches of solid work like the work below. 148 BUSY HANDS Above this five inches of sohd work make another ribbon space, one inch wide. Above this second ribbon space make seven more rows of sohd work. The basket should be nine inches high. At the beginning of the seventh row above the second ribbon space, bend the reed into an arc i% inch high. (Fig. 6.) Put short pieces of reeds lengthwise of the arc. Work back and forth over these pieces of reeds until the arc is filled with solid work like the rest of the basket. Continue the seventh row around to the other narrow side of the basket and make another arc like Fig. 6. TTf- 7 Cover Bend a wire the shape of the top of the basket. Let the wire outline a space one inch wider on all sides than the top of the basket. Sew a reed to this wire by binding rafifia over both. (Fig. 7.) This reed should be No. 8. CONSTRUCTION WORK 149 With this as a frame, make a cover for the basket. Work in- side of the frame. Make seven rows of solid work ; then a ribbon space one inch wide. 150 BUSY HANDS Fill the remaining space with solid work, being sure to pre- serve the curved shape. Put a handle in the middle of the cover. Find the middle of each narrow side of the basket, viz., the middle of the rectangle A-B-C-D, Fig. 8. Fasten a small block of wood one inch thick to this central point. Of No. 8 reed make curved pieces long enough to extend from the corners of the narrow side of the cover to this little block of wood. (Fig. 8.) Do the same with the other narrow side of the basket. Fasten the reeds A^ and Y to the small block so that the cover will slip off and on the basket easily. Use No. 8 reeds to make legs. Make a small basket to put between the legs, using the same method of work that was used for the large one. Line both baskets, and run ribbon in the ribbon spaces. RAFFIA PICTURE FRAME Material : Strawboard ; picture ; raffia ; scissors and paste. From the strawboard cut out a frame the shape and size suit- able for the picture to be framed. Fig. I shows a very simple frame. The cardboard may be cut into a very ornamental shape according to the taste of the maker. Wind colored raffia over and over the cardboard and paste the picture to the back of the frame. CONSTRUCTION WORK 151 P»&-1 152 BUSY HANDS DOLL'S HAT A hat for a doll can be made in the same manner. (Fig. 2.) Make the cardboard circle to fit the doll's head. Put a silk crown over the circular space and add trimming. T,6 2. Note: For a bandbox, see Christmas work. A bandbox would be made deeper than the Christmas boxes, and nearly square. BEAD BELT Material : A piece of board one inch longer than the waist measure, two inches wide and half an inch thick ; two pieces of board two inches square ; dark red beads ; light blue beads ; a spool of dark red silk ; a small hammer and brads. Of the three pieces of board make a loom. (Fig. i.) Hammer the brads into the top of the small boards a and b, Fig. I. Let the distance between the brads be equal to the size of the beads to be used. Suppose the beads are % inch wide, and the belt is to be made i^ inch wide. Then there should be twelve brads at CONSTRUCTION WORK 153 the top of a and twelve at the top of b (Fig. i), and the dis- tance between each two brads should be ^ inch. Take the spool of dark red silk and fasten the end of the silk securely to the brad x, at the top end of b. (Fig. 2.) Bring the silk across to brad 3; at the top end of a. (Fig. 2.) Bring the silk around c, across to d, around g, across to e, around h. etc., back and forth across the loom and fasten se- curely at brad k. Take a needleful of dark red silk, and fasten the end securely to the first cross strand, (m. Fig. 2.) String five red beads, one blue bead and five red beads. Lay the string across the strands of silk on the loom. Arrange the beads so that each bead lies between two cross Strands of silk. 154 BUSY HANDS Put the needle back through this string of beads so that the needle passes under each cross strand. Continue to add rows of beads until the length required for the belt is completed. The beads in each row are as follows : 1. Five red; one blue; five red. 2. Four red; three blue; four red. 3. Three red; five blue; three red. 4. Two red; seven blue; two red. 5. One red ; nine blue ; one red. 6. Two red ; seven blue ; two red. 7. Three red; five blue; three red. 8. Four red ; three blue ; four red. 9. Five red; one blue; five red. Begin again with No. i when the ninth string is completed. When the beadwork is completed, slip the double silk ends x, d, g, etc., and y, c, e, h, etc., up over the top of the brads. Sew a piece of ribbon across the ends and fasten a buckle to the ribbon. By following the directions given above you will have a series of blue diamonds in a red setting. However, any design may be chosen and the beads arranged to work out that particular figure. It is always best to make a complete drawing of the belt be- fore beginning to work with the beads. Waist measures differ so that the design given above might begin with a complete blue diamond at one buckle and end with a half diamond at the other buckle. On the other hand, beads vary in width. Few beads are yi inch wide. With smaller beads more cross strands would be required to obtain the desired width. So to overcome these difficulties it is best first to purchase the beads to be used, ^d: CONSTRUCTION WORK 155 the waist measure, and determine upon the width of the belt, and then make a drawing to meet the exact needs of the case. WATCH CHAIN A watch chain is made just the same as a belt, except that it is a longer and narrower piece of beadwork. The loom is the same, except that end b is made of two little upright boards (x and y, Fig. 3) having a round hole through each near the top. (A and B.) A stout pencil is run through tliese holes. A tack driven into the pencil and another into B will keep the pencil steady. The cross-strands must be the length of the chain, say 2^ yards. They are single pieces of silk, not double as in the belt. Tie one end of the cross-strands to the pencil. Bring the cross-strands tight across the loom, and wind the remaining silk in each end around the brads. When the space across the loom is filled wnth beadwork, un- wind the ends from the brads. Move the tack on the pencil from under the tack on the little board B, and wind the beadwork already completed around the pencil. Place the tack on the pencil .again under the tack on the board B, and restring the loom with the remaining ends. Work again as before until the watch-chain is completed. Note : An aluminum comb with teeth about 1-16 inch apart, may be fastened to each end of the loom instead of brads. Wind the thread around the teeth of the comb according to the direction for the brads. 156 BUSY HANDS DOLL'S HAMMOCK Material : One ball of dark red string ; one ball of yellow string; two brass rings one inch in diameter; strawboard 13 in. X 19 in. ; a darning needle and scissors. Place the strawboard in position for work, with the short edge toward you. FiG-1 On the long edge, 33^ inches from the upper right-hand corner, make a dot. (a. Fig. i.) On the long edge, 3^ inches from the upper left-hand corner, make a dot. (b, Fig. i.) Draw a line between a and b. Make a dot on the line a-b, 2]/^ inches from b. {x, Fig. i.) Make a dot on line a-b, 2^ inches from a. {y, Fig. i.) CONSTRUCTION WORK 157 On the long edge, 33/2 inches from the lower right-hand corner, make a dot. {c, Fig. i.) On the long edge, 3 3^2 inches from the lower left-hand corner, make a dot. (c/, Fig. I-) Draw the line, d-c, Fig. i. Make a dot {e) 2^ inches from c. Make a dot {g) 2^ inches from d. Draw the lines y-e, and x-g. Bisect the lines x-y and g-e. Through the bisecting points draw the line h-m. Bisect h-m. Fasten the two brass rings securely to the strawboard at this point. Cut nine pieces of dark red string forty inches long. Double one string. Put the double end through the upper ring. Put the ends of the string through the double end and draw the double end tight to the ring. On the lines x-y and g-e make holes >4 inch apart. Thread the needle with one end of the double string which was just fastened to ring. Put the needle through the first hole in the line x-y, bringing it through to the other side of the strawboard. Bring the string tight across the other side of the strawboard to the first hole in line g-e. Sew the string through this hole and tie it securely to the lower ring. Thread the other end of the double string into the needle. Sew the string through the second hole in line x-y. Bring the string across the other side of the strawboard and through the second hole in line g-e. 158 BUSY HANDS Tie the end securely to the lower ring. Continue to tie double strings to ring r and to sew the strings through the strawboard as was done with the first string. When the last string is in position the back of the strawboard I, will look like Fig and the front like Fig. 2. the side like Fig. 2 to Turn the strawboard over, and us w^ork on. Thread the needle with dark red string. Work back and forth over and under the strings until i]^ inch of solid red work is completed. Thread the needle with yellow string. Work over and under, back and forth through the strings until 1)4 inch of solid yellow work is completed. Thread the needle with red string and do six inches of solid red work. CONSTRUCTION WORK 159 Thread the needle with yellow string and do i^/z inch of yellow weaving. Thread the needle with red string and do lyi inch of red weaving. Fringe the two long sides. (See Roman Robe for fringe.) Tear the strawboard away from the weaving and the ham- mock is completed. (Fig. 3.) Note : If a longer and wider hammock is desired, draw the lines b-a, d-c, x-g, and y-e, nearer the edges of the strawboard. This book is DUE on the last date stamped below '■^IM 4 1958 iPEC 1 3 RECEf DEC 1 - 195S ForinL-9-10m-5,'28 I LI" 1 -. ■ '^t :-, jitructiQn foi- KORMAL SCH< UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY i' HI II ill III 1 nil liii 1 :r nil nil : 1- ■ AA 000 647 799 6 TY of CALIFOI^' AT rymum