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 HORACE A. SCOTT 
 2208 N. Ross Street 
 Santa Ana,Ca 1 if. 
 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 //i?. JOHN WENTWORTH, L L. D. 
 
 THIRD PAPER.
 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY, CHICAGO. 
 
 REYNOLDS' HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 My Own Times; Embracing also The History of My Life. By JOHN RKYNOI.DS, Late 
 
 Gov. of 111., etc. Portrait. Reprint of original edition of 1855, with complete Index added. Cloth boards; 
 Gilt-top; Side and bottom uncut; Antique Paper; Pp 42'); 8vo. 1879. Edition of 112 copies. Price, $7.50. 
 
 We are pleased to learn that the Fergus Print- 
 ing Company has undertaken the work of re- 
 printing the volume of "My Own Times: embrac- 
 ing also the History of My Life," written by the 
 late Gov. John Reynolds. * * * Copies of 
 the volume referred to are exceedingly rare, and 
 hardly could be procured at any price. The 
 Publishers are deserving of thanks lor their 
 efforts to rescue from oblivion a meritorious 
 work like the above. Belleville Advocate, Dec. 
 12, 1879. 
 
 This is a reproduction, in an attractive form, 
 and with the addition of a full index, of a book, 
 the story of which is an illustration of the diffi- 
 culties which all who have devoted themselves 
 to historical investigation have had to encounter 
 in this country. Governor Reynolds was one of 
 the most prominent figures in western public 
 life, and it would be supposed this epitome of 
 the story of the young days of the western 
 country would have commanded a ready sale. 
 Not so. Completed in 185-1, the first edition, 
 probably not more than -four hundred copies, 
 was printed in a small job office at Belleville, and. 
 taken by a single bookseller of Chicago, at the 
 author's personal instigation. Nearly the whole 
 edition was destroyed in the great fire of 1857. 
 
 Practically out of print, the present volume is 
 rather a new work than the reprint of an old ; 
 and a creditable one it s. The extensive range 
 of politics, internal improvement, public life 
 and personal experience, naturally traversed in 
 this bulky volume, render even a slight analysis 
 impossible. It is discursive and sketchy, and 
 abounds in. details of purely local value, but it 
 contains also a? mass of information which the 
 enquirer would look for in vain,, elsewhere. 
 Above all it is stamped with an originality and 
 individuality which set well upon the shoulders 
 of a western man. Mag. of Am. Hist. ,A.ug, 1880. 
 
 The year 180) found the territory now occu- 
 pied by the populous State of Illinois a savage 
 wilderness, with a total white population- 
 American and French of about '2,000 scattered 
 throughout its domain. Of these it is esti- 
 mated that the French Creoles numbered some 
 1,200, and the negroes (slaves and freemen) 
 about 200 more. The white colonies extended 
 in sparse settlements, from Kaskaskia, fifty 
 miles or more, to Cahokia, and back east from 
 t he Kaskaskia river only a few miles. The colo- 
 nies of Kaskaskia, Turkey Hill, the New Design, 
 Horse Prairie, another not far from Kaskaskia, 
 Piggot's Fort, "VVhiteside Station, Belle Fountain 
 and another very small one, comprised all the 
 American settlements in Illinois at that period. 
 Their population was about 800 strong, all told. 
 This period of the history of Illinois is noted 
 here, and probably will be for many genera- 
 tions, as the time when the parents of Gov. 
 John Reynolds removed to Illinois from Ten- 
 nessee and added the seventh family to the 
 population of a white settlement two and a-half 
 from Kaskaskia. Gov. Reynolds was then 
 gars old. In the volume before us he de- 
 condition of the country, the Ind- 
 ivations of the whites, their progress 
 e. education, government and so- 
 cs during the next nine years, 
 ,h, and thus furnishes a 
 resting information. 
 
 About this lime, having reached his 20th year, 
 the Governor entered a college some six miles 
 from Knoxville, Tenn., where ho spent wo years 
 in improving his mind, returning to Illinois in 
 1811. Afterward he studied law at Knoxville. 
 
 Then began the War of 1812 with Great Brit- 
 ain, and then, too, the growing State of Illinois 
 became the theater of stirring public events 
 which gave her a prominent place in the history 
 of the West. Four chapters are devoted to this 
 period, including the massacre at Chicago, the 
 destruc.ion of Peoria and affairs in that vicini- 
 ty, etc. 
 
 Then came the organization of the Territory 
 of Illinois, the administration of Governor Ed- 
 wards, the revision of the laws, and the l.rst 
 Legislature; Lewis and Clark's expedition to 
 the Pacific coast; the extension of the settle- 
 ments ; the reign of " regulators " and mob-law ; 
 the history of religious denominations in Illi- 
 nois ; the professions ; the history of slavery in 
 the Territory, and the author's domestic record, 
 with numerous other events of more or less in- 
 terest. 
 
 In 1818 the State Government was formed, and 
 its progress is noted in detail. A large space is 
 given to the subsequent political history and 
 internal improvement of the S'ate, until the 
 breaking out of the war with the Winnebago 
 Indians. Several chapters are riled with the 
 history of the Blackhawk war and its attendant 
 excitements and events. The history of educa- 
 tion and early newspapers in Illinois receiv^ 
 due attention. 
 
 The Governor also relates the national situa- 
 tion du-ing his term in Congress from IH'il to 
 1841, inclusive; his visit to Europe in ls:i'.; the 
 pioneer railroad operations in the State: tin- 
 construction of the Illinois -and - Michigan Ca- 
 nal, with other internal improvement-, and 
 the history of the Mormon troubles and excite- 
 ment. 
 
 Such is a brief outlin^ of Gov. Reynolds' bool 
 It is valuable as reflecting the spirit of the 
 neer days of Illinois, and as the record oj 
 young and enterprising St >te struggling airs 
 adverse circumstances, and becoming one of 
 most prosperous of American common w< alt hi 
 Nor will the private history of Gov. Reynold! 
 the sturdy pioneer Executive and Representa^ 
 tive of the State, fail to interest the reader. Hel 
 belongs to Illuiois, because he aided in bringing 
 her to the present prosperity which sh'- enjoys 
 He passed nearly half a century in prominent 
 public life in Illinois as Judge Advocate, Judge 
 of the Supreme Court, member of the Legisla- 
 ture, Governor, Congressman, Canal Commis- 
 sioner and Speaker of the House and is so 
 closely identii ed with the State that theii his- 
 tories can not be separated. 
 
 This volume was frst published by Gov. Rey- 
 nolds in 1855. The edition was small, an<' 
 of it was destroyed before it was sold in a trettf 
 Chicago. Thus it became one of the lost books 
 of the earth. Fortunately it was not totally ex- 
 terminated, and now its revival i y the enter- 
 prising Chicago house whose imprint it bears is 
 no less important than it is gratifying to those 
 who have the interests of the State at heart. 
 Chicago Journal, Dec. 30, 1879. 
 
 mull, i><>!st -ia Icl, on reoeli>t of i>rloe. 
 
 .
 
 FORT DEARBORN 
 
 AN ADDRESS, 
 
 DELIVERED AT THE UNVEILING OF THE MEMORIAL TABLET TO MARK 
 THE SITE OF THE BLOCK- HOUSE, 
 
 ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON, MAY 2isT, 1881, 
 
 UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE 
 
 CHICAGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 
 
 TO WHICH HAVE BEEN ADDED 
 
 NOTES AND AN APPENDIX. 
 
 BY 
 
 HOX. JOHN WEXTWORTH, LL.D., 
 
 LATE EDITOR, PUBLISHER, AND PROPRIETOR FOR TWENTY - FIVE YEARS 
 OF THE "CHICAGO DEMOCRAT," THE FIRST CORPORATION NEWS- 
 PAPER; MEM1SER OF CONGRESS, FOR THE CHICAGO DIS- 
 TRICT, FOR TWELVE YEARS ; TWO TERMS 
 MAYOR; AND A SETTLER OF 1836. 
 
 CHICAGO: 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY. 
 
 iSSi.
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by 
 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY, 
 In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
 
 Revised from The Chicago Tribune, of Sunday, May 22, 1881.* 
 
 SRLF 
 
 uin.bC/7/2.rf 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 The Memorial Tablet, Marking the Site of the Old 
 
 Block-House, Unveiled Address by Hon. John Wentworth 
 A Mass oT Historical Information Documents and Statements 
 never before made Public Capt. Heald's Own Story of the 
 Circumstances Connected with the Massacre Letter Ordering 
 the Establishing of the Fort Its Early Commanders Promi- 
 nent Officers who have been Stationed within its Walls Gen. 
 Scott and the Cholera Noted Names in Early History 
 Remarks by Hon. Thomas Hoyne, Hon. Isaac N. Arnold, and 
 Robert J. Bennett, Esq. An' Original Poem by Eugene J. Hall 
 A Son of Capt. Nathan Heald in Attendance. 
 
 THE tablet which marks the site of old Fort Dearborn was unveiled 
 yesterday with appropriate ceremonies in the presence of the First 
 Regiment I. N. G. (350 strong) and about 1500 citizens. As has been 
 previously stated in The Tribune, the memento is on the north front 
 of the building at the corner of River Street and Michigan Avenue, 
 just opposite Rush-Street bridge. The idea originated in the Histori- 
 cal Society, and some of its officers having mentioned the subject to 
 Mr. Win. M. Hoyt, of the firm which occupies the structure, he fell in 
 with it at once, and had the tablet put in at his own expense, and 
 yesterday it was formally " presented '' to the Historical Society. The 
 fact that it would be was pretty well known, and by half-past three 
 o'clock, when the militia were on the ground and massed on River 
 Street, there was a large crowd of spectators in the vicinity who had 
 assembled to take part in the proceedings. A stand had been erected 
 on the corner for the accommodation of the speakers and others. On 
 the front part of it was a model of the old block-house, with an 
 American ring on the staff. The building was set off with two small 
 oil-paintings of the fort and flags, every window on both fronts 
 
 * The issue of The Tribune, which contained the foregoing account of this 
 interesting historical event, was indeed a remarkable one. It was made up 
 of the regular edition, of 20 pages, and an extra of 16, containing the revised 
 New Testament, literatim, et verbatim, et punctucitiin. The entire paper was, 
 therefore, made up of 36 pages, of seven columns to a page, or 252 column*
 
 4 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 containing one of the latter, and a large flag was pendant from a rope 
 strung across the street. Other structures in the neighborhood wore 
 similarly adorned. 
 
 Among the well-known citizens and old settlers on the stand and in 
 the audience were the following: Gurdon 8. Hubbard, Dr. Hiram 
 "Wheeler, who came to Chicago in 1831, and slept the first night on 
 the floor of the block-house; Judge John A. Jameson, Hon. Thomas 
 Hoyrie, Hon. Isaac N. Arnold, John Bates, 1832; Thos. Rapp, Samuel 
 D. Ward, Albert D. Hagar, James J. Richards, James Lane, E. F. C. 
 Klokke, Rev. David Swing, Andrew J. Galloway, Walter Kimball, 
 Hon. Win. Bross, Mayor Carter H. Harrison, James Couch, Hon. E. M. 
 Haines, Augustin Deodat Taylor, Michael Dulanty, Reuben J. Bennett, 
 N. Landon ; Lawrence Bauer, whose wedding reception took place in 
 
 in all. The New Testament occupied 112 columns of minion a type two 
 sizes larger than that used in setting up advertisements. Aside from its clear, 
 attractive presentation of a work which the public was curious and even 
 anxious to obtain at the earliest moment, and in all its entirety, The Tribune 
 had its full complement of telegraphic and local news, editorial matter, and 
 advertisements. Nothing was slurred over; nothing was omitted. It was a 
 complete newspaper, in the best sense of the word. Out of the total of 252 
 columns, 72 were devoted to advertisements, and the remaining 180 includ- 
 ing the 112 used in printing the New Testament to reading matter. Of 
 the 72 columns of advertisements, about 40 were taken up with displayed 
 advertisements, about 31 with small advertisements, including the "Wants," 
 and about a column with paid reading matter. Of the regular reading matter, 
 1 20 columns were set in minion, 59 in nonpareil, and i in agate. 
 
 The entire Testament revision was set up, corrected, placed in the forms, 
 and stereotyped between the hours of ten in the morning and ten in the 
 evening a piece of work which is only a fair illustration of The Tribune's 
 unsurpassed mechanical facilities. Eighty-seven compositors were employed 
 in setting the type, and five in correcting the errors noted by the proof-readers, 
 though neither class of workmen was continuously employed on the New 
 Testament. A number of them were taken off the work along in the after- 
 noon of Saturday, to set advertisements, while the remainder worked indis- 
 criminately on the New Testament and the reading matter which went to 
 make up the regular Sunday edition. Had the whole force been employed 
 continuously on the New Testament, the whole revision would have been set 
 up, corrected, locked up in the forms, and stereotyped in eight, instead of 
 twelve hours. The Tribune has shown its enterprise in similar directions on 
 several previous occasions, but on this one it excelled itself, furnishing a 
 notable instance of what unlimited mechanical facilities, intelligently con- 
 trolled, are able to accomplish.
 
 REMARKS OF ROBERT J. BENNETT. 5 
 
 the Fort; Hon. Elihu B. Washburne, Charles C. P. Holden, Joel C. 
 Walter, Arthur G. Burley, Mark Kimball, Mr. . McChesney, Thomas 
 B. Carter, Rev. Jeremiah Porter, Benjamin F. Aver, Charles Crosby, 
 Capt. Darius Heald, Frank Hoyne, Col. "W. H. Thompson, Gen. Philip 
 H. Sheridan, AVilliam M. Hoyt, ex-Mayor Isaac L. Milliken, Moses J. 
 Wentworth, Gen. A. L. Chetlain, Wm. B. H. Gray, Daniel K. Pearsons. 
 "W. H. King, Wm. K. Ackerman; Alexander, Henry, Philip, William 
 S., Maurice D.P., and Isadore, all sons of Gen. John B. Beaubien; 
 Salistou, David, George, Edward, Frank Gordon, and Slidell, all sons 
 of Mark Beaubien ; Frank, John, and William R., sons of Henry, and 
 grandsons of Gen. J. B. Beaubien ; Oscar Downs, son-in-law of Mark 
 Beaubieu, and Samuel S. Beach. 
 
 The gathering was called to order by the Hon. Isaac N. Arnold, 
 President of the Historical Society, who said: 
 
 FELLOW-CITIZENS : I suppose there are many here to-day, possibly, 
 who do not know that on the spot where we stand, and extending 
 north, inclosed with pickets, was old Fort Dearborn, far off in the 
 then wilderness. We have met to-day to place in position and to 
 inaugurate a tablet that shall tell to all who shall come after us, where 
 that Fort was located. There is present with us a gentleman who, 
 forty-eight years ago, organized the first church in Chicago, and who 
 preached his first sermon in the Fort. It is altogether proper that 
 these services be opened with prayer, and that that gentleman should 
 address the Throne of Grace on this occasion. 
 
 The Rev. Jeremiah Porter, who preached in the Fort in 1833, and 
 was Chicago's first resident pastor, came forward and offered prayer. 
 
 Mr. Robert J. Bennett was then introduced and said : 
 
 MK. CHAIRMAN: In behalf of my respected kinsman and friend, 
 Mr. William M. Hoyt, of this City, it is my pleasant privilege to pre- 
 sent to you as the honorable President and representative of the 
 Chicago Historical Society, and through you to the world, this tablet 
 which is soon to be uncovered to the view of this audience. At the 
 suggestion of members of your Society, this memorial stone is placed 
 to tell the passers-by through the years to come that here stood old 
 Fort Dearborn; that here, within the memory of men now living, 
 stood the outmost defence of our common country ; that here, on this 
 spot, thrice consecrated by blood and fire, was planted the germ which 
 in so short a time has budded, blossomed, and grown into this magnifi- 
 cent City. While we are looking over the past let it not be forgotten 
 that we are making history for the future. We will fondly hope that
 
 6 FORT DEARBORN . 
 
 the record of this generation will be as satisfactory to the next as are 
 the events we now commemorate to us. May the Chicago of the 
 future as far exceed the present in all that is great and glorious as does 
 the present exceed the days of old Port Dearborn. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, hoping this memorial stone will be as gladly received 
 as it is cheerfully given, I ask Chicago's oldest citizen, our much 
 esteemed Gurdon S. Ilubbard, to unveil this tablet for inspection and 
 acceptance. 
 
 The military presented arms, and, as Mr. Ilubbard drew from in 
 front of the tablet the flag which had covered it, the crowd cheered 
 and the band played a medley of National airs. 
 
 Order being restored, Mr. Arnold requested Hon. Thomas Hoyne to 
 respond on behalf of the Historical Society, and he did so as follows: 
 
 MR. BENNETT : I have been selected by the Historical Society to 
 return to you their profound and grateful thanks for the very appro* 
 priate and beautiful memento which, at your own cost, you have placed 
 on this historical corner. It is a memento which, as every one will see 
 at a glance, recalls centuries of time, and embodies almost the whole 
 history of events. We stand upon historical ground. We stand upon 
 the ground where, as you have very eloquently said, was planted the 
 original germ of the population who to-day constitute the great com- 
 mercial metropolis of not only the West, where the Fort was estab- 
 lished in ad\ance of civilization, but the commercial centre of the 
 country. We stand in the presence, also, of things which bring to 
 remembrance some of the most remarkable events of National history. 
 On yonder shore of this same river two centuries ago in the winter 
 of 1674 stood the first Christian missionary that ever visited this 
 land, the pious and humble Marquette, the discoverer of the Missis- 
 sippi, who was the nVst white man that ever spent a winter on this 
 river, or at this spot. And, sir, we stand upon the ground where, at 
 the beginning of this century, a whole garrison marched out, and upon 
 the shore of this lake, below here, were slaughtered mercilessly by the 
 aboriginal inhabitants of this same laud. 
 
 AV'e say to you, Mr. Bennett, and your friend, Mr. Hoyt, and others 
 whose patriotism and enterprise have secured this monument, that you 
 have set an excellent example; for, as the events are fast passing from 
 the memory of the generation now coming up, it is essential that such 
 monuments as this be erected by men like yourself to perpetuate what 
 is associated with the foundation of this great commercial metropolis, 
 wonderful in its rise, wonderful in its advance, and wonderful in its 
 consummation.
 
 POEM BY EUGENE J. HALL. 
 Eugene J. Hall next read the following original poem: 
 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Chicago, 1881. 
 Here, where the savage war-whoop once resounded, 
 
 Where council-fires burned brightly years ago, 
 Where the red Indian from his covert bounded 
 To scalp his pale-faced foe. 
 
 Here, where gray badgers had their haunts and burrows, 
 
 Where wild wolves howled and prowled in midnight bands, 
 Where frontier farmers turned the virgin furrows, 
 Our splendid city stands. 
 
 Here, where brave men and lovely women perished; 
 Here, where in unknown graves their forms decay; 
 This marble, that their memory may be cherished, 
 We consecrate to-day. 
 
 No more the farm-boy's call, or lowing cattle 
 
 Frighten the timid wild-fowl from the slough; 
 The noisy trucks and wagons roll and rattle 
 O'er miles of pavements now. 
 
 Now are our senses startled and confounded, 
 By screaming whistle and by clanging bell, 
 Where Beaubien's merry fiddle once resounded, 
 When Summer twilight fell. 
 
 Here stood the Fort, with palisades about it, 
 
 With low log block-house, in those early hours, 
 The prairie fair extending far without it, 
 Blooming with fragrant flowers. 
 
 About this spot the buildings quickly clustered; 
 The logs decayed; the palisades went down; 
 Here the resistless Western spirits mustered, 
 And built this wondrous town. 
 
 Here from the trackless slough its structures started, 
 
 And, one by one, in splendor rose to view; 
 The white ships went and came, the years departed, 
 And still she grandly grew. 
 
 Till one wild night, a night each man remembers, 
 
 When round her homes the red fire leaped and curled, 
 The sky was filled with flame and flying embers 
 That swept them from the world.
 
 8 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Men said, "Chicago's bright career is ended!" 
 
 As by her smoldering stones they chanced to go, 
 While the wide world its love and pity blended 
 To help us in our woe. 
 
 O where was ever human goodness greater? 
 
 Man's love for man was never more sublime; 
 On the eternal scroll of our Creator 
 'Tis written for all time. 
 
 Chicago lives, and many a lofty steeple 
 
 Looks down to-day upon this Western plain; 
 The tireless hands of her unconquered people 
 Have reared her walls again. 
 
 Long may she live, and grow in wealth and beauty, 
 
 And may her children be in coming years 
 True to their trust, and faithful to their duty 
 As her brave pioneers. 
 
 Mr. Arnold then asked Hon. John "Wentworth to step forward, 
 saying that Chicago was more indebted to him than any other man for 
 the appropriations obtained from Congress for the magnificent harbor 
 they saw before them. 
 
 "The Chicago Historical Society," began Mr. "Wentworth, whose 
 appearance was greeted with cheers, "requested me to prepare a his- 
 tory of Fort Dearborn. When I found that I must confine myself to 
 history, I immediately removed from my table all my poetical works; 
 I also laid aside my Dictionary of Eloquent Quotations, and my 
 Compendium of Interesting Anecdotes. I have aimed not only to 
 give a brief history of all persons ever connected with the Fort, but. 
 when possible, to give the names of some of their descendants now 
 living, thus connecting the past with the present. I hope thereby to 
 receive for our Historical Society new facts for the development of 
 Chicago's Early History." Regardless of a severe wind blowing 
 directly in his face, and of the whistling of the tug-boats numerously 
 passing through the Rush-Street bridge, not one hundred feet from 
 him, Mr. AVentworth, in the open air, delivered the following address:
 
 FORT DEARBORN: 
 
 AN ADDRESS, 
 
 Delivered under the auspices of the Chicago Historical Society, on Saturday, 
 Afternoon, May 21, 1881, on the Fort Site, 
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH, LL.D. 
 
 E first official recognition of an intention to construct a 
 ^ fort at Chicago may be found in a letter upon the records 
 of the War Department, dated June 28th, 1804, directed to Gen. 
 James Wilkinson, but which letter bears no signature. As the 
 letter was dated at the War Department, and as the Secretary of 
 War alone could give such directions, there can be no doubt but 
 that it eminated from Gen. Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War 
 during President Jefferson's administration, from 1801 to 1809. 
 This letter says: 
 
 "Being of opinion that, for the general defence of our country, 
 we ought/not to rely on fortifications, but on men and steel ; and 
 that works calculated for resisting batteries of cannon are neces- 
 sary only for our principal seaports, I can not conceive it to be 
 useful or expedient to construct expensive works for our interior 
 military posts, especially such as are intended merely to hold the 
 Indians in check. I have, therefore, directed stockade-\yorks, 
 aided by block-houses, to be erected at Vincennes, at Chikago, 
 at near the mouth of the Miami of the Lakes, and at Kaskas- 
 kias, in conformity to the sketch herewith enclosed, each cal- 
 culated for a full company; the block-houses to be constructed 
 of timber, slightly hewed, and of the most durable kind to be 
 obtained at the respective places; the magazines for powder to be 
 of brick of a conic figure, each capable of receiving from fifty to 
 one hundred barrels of powder. Establishments of the kind 
 here proposed will, I presume, be necessary for each of the 
 military posts in Upper and Lower Louisiana, New Orleans and 
 its immediate dependencies excepted. I will thank you to 
 examine the enclosed sketch, and to give me your opinion on the 
 dimensions and other proposed arrangements. You will observe 
 the block-houses are intended to be so placed as to scour from 
 the upper and lower stories the whole of the lines. The back 
 part of the barracks are to have port-holes which can be opened
 
 10 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 when necessary for the use of musketry for annoying an enemy. 
 It will, I presume, be proper, ultimately, to extend the pallisades 
 round the block-houses." 
 
 This letter spells Chicago with a k. This sketch, referred to, 
 can not be found in the archives at Washington, and, as the 
 opinion of Gen. Wilkinson was solicited as to the dimensions 
 and other proposed arrangements, and as he was more of a 
 frontiersman than the Secretary of War, it is not improbable that 
 a new plan altogether was adopted. 
 
 Gen. Henry Dearborn was a native of New Hampshire, and 
 was a distinguished Soldier in the war of the Revolution, and in 
 that of 1812. In times of peace, he was almost always in civil 
 service, dying at Roxbury, Mass., June 6th, 1829, where a portion 
 of his mansion still stands. 
 
 Henry G. R. Dearborn, his grandson, a resident of Chicago in 
 the summer of 1838, and afterward of Winnebago County, and 
 who married there, July 6th, 1840, Sarah M., daughter of Henry 
 Thurston. of Harlem, of that county, one of our most respected 
 early settlers, still lives at Roxbury. He is the son of Gen. 
 Henry A. S. Dearborn, who lived and died there, and was a 
 soldier of the war of 1812, and a member of Congress, and, 
 worthily filled the shoes of his father. 
 
 Gen. Wilkinson was a Marylander, and was a general in the 
 war of the Revolution, and thereafter passed most of his time 
 upon the frontier, being associated with Gen. Anthony Wayne 
 in most of his campaigns against the Indians. But, whatever 
 the plan was, it is a legitimate inference from the letter of the 
 Secretary, that the plan was the same for all the points men- 
 tioned. It has occurred to me that, as the other forts were 
 of longer continuance than ours, and, in all probability, much 
 longer, we may yet find among some of the old settlers, or 
 the Historical Societies of those localities, some kind of a 
 picture that will give us an approximate idea of what our original 
 Fort was. I am making efforts in this direction. 
 
 John H. Kinzie, in his Narrative, says, "Although it stood 
 upon the same ground as the last Fort, it was differently con- 
 structed, having two block-houses on the southern side; and on 
 the northern side,' a sally-port, or subterranean passage from the 
 parade ground to the river." 
 
 This we officially know, .that on June 28th, 1804, there was no 
 fort here, but that one was being projected. September 30, 1804, 
 there were one captain, two second lieutenants, four sergeants, 
 four corporals, four musicians, and fifty-four privates here. Jan. 
 i, 1805, Capt. John Whistler and his son, 2d-Lieut. Wm. Whistler,
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 
 
 II 
 
 were reported here; also, ist-Lieut. Moses Hooke, who was a 
 native of Massachusetts, and resigned when captain, Jan. 20, 1808. 
 By the treaty of Greenville, in 1795, the Pottawatomies, 
 Miamis, and their allies, relinquished their right to "one piece 
 of land, six miles square, at the mouth of the Chicago River, 
 emptying into the south-west "end of Lake Michigan, where a fort 
 formerly stood." Many persons, besides myself, have endeavored 
 to find something to give character to this Fort, thus recognized 
 by Gen. Wayne, but there has been only one conclusion reached 
 in relation to the matter, and that is, that it was only a French 
 trading-post with mere temporary outside protection against In- 
 dian robberies. 
 
 THE FIRST FORT DEARBORN, ERECTED IN 1804.* 
 
 * It stood nearly on the site of the Fort erected in 1816, and finally demol- 
 ished in the summer of 1856. It was somewhat different in its structure from 
 its successor. It had two block - houses, one on the south-east corner, the 
 other at the north-west. On the north side was a sally-port, or subterranean 
 passage, leading from the parade ground to the river, designed as a place of 
 escape in an emergency, or for supplying the garrison with water in time of a 
 siege. The whole was enclosed by a strong palisade of wooden pickets. At 
 the west of the fort, and fronting north on the river, was a two-story log build- 
 ing, covered with split-oak siding, which was the United- States factory, 
 attached to the fort. On the shore of the river, between the fort and the 
 factory, were the root-houses, or cellars of the garrison. The ground adjoin- 
 ing the fort on the south side, was enclosed and cultivated as a garden. The 
 Fort was furnished with three pieces of light-artillery. A company of United- 
 States troops, about fifty in number, many of whom were invalids, constituted 
 the garrison. It received the name of Fort Dearborn, by which it was ever 
 after known as long as it continued a military post. Such was the old Fort 
 previous to 1812. Through the kindness of Mrs. JOHN H. KIXZIK, who fur- 
 nished the sketch, we are enabled to present a view of this Fort as it appeared 
 previous to that year. Chicago Magazine, Vol. /., A r o. /., March, 1857. '
 
 12 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Official records show that the Fort was called "Fort Dear- 
 born," in 1812, and there is nothing to indicate that it was not 
 so called from 1804. 
 
 The Adjutant-General's official records say: "Post established, 
 by United States forces, in 1804. Situated within a few yards of 
 Lake Michigan, in latitude 41 51' north; longitude 87 15' west." 
 
 The Adjutant-General writes me that from 1804 to 1812 there 
 are no records on file. So I must fill up this space of time from 
 unofficial sources. 
 
 At various times after my arrival here, on the 25th of October, 
 1836, I was in the habit of meeting Major William Whistler of 
 the regular army here, where he had a daughter, who is still living, 
 the widow of Robert A. Kinzie. Major Whistler died at New- 
 port, Ky., December 4th, 1863, in his eightieth year, or there- 
 abouts, but his widow died more recently, and visited this City, 
 in full possession of all her mental faculties, in 1875. He was 
 appointed second-lieutenant, June 8th, 1801. Thus his military 
 life would cover over sixty years of the history of Chicago; and 
 during the most of this time he, or some descendant of his family, 
 has been here; he claiming to have come here in 1803, as a 
 second-lieutenant in the company of his father, and to have passed 
 that winter here with his wife, and which statement she confirmed 
 when last here. Two of his children were born in the old Fort, 
 and probably the only children ever born there. Many of our 
 old settlers remember John Harrison Whistler, who was born 
 there October 7th, 1807, married Esther Bailly of old Baillytown, 
 near Porter Station, Porter County, Indiana, at the house of 
 Gen. John B. Beaubien, in Chicago, and died in Burlington, 
 Kansas, October 23d, 1873. Another son was born there who 
 died young. 
 
 In 1832, Major William Whistler was commandant of the 
 Fort, having been made so June 171!!, and so was here during 
 the Black- Hawk war, and during the cholera season. In the 
 absence of official documents, the statements of the Kinzie 
 family and of the Whistler family are our best authority, five 
 generations of the latter and four of the former having lived here. 
 I quote from the Chicago Antiquities, by H. H. Hurlbut: 
 
 "It was a coveted pilgrimage which we sought, as any one 
 might believe, for it was during the tremendous rain-storm of the 
 evening of 29th October, 1875, that we sallied out to call at Mrs. 
 Col. R. A. Kinzie's, for an introduction to that lady's mother, 
 Mrs. W'histler. * * * Her tenacious memory ministers to a 
 voluble tongue, and we may say briefly, she is an agreeable, in- 
 telligent, and sprightly lady, nurhbering only a little over 88 years.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 13 
 
 'To-day,' said she, 'I received my first pension on account of my 
 husband's services.' * * Born in Salem, Mass., July 3d, 
 
 1787, her maiden name was Julia Person, and her parents were 
 John and Mary (La Dake) Person. In childhood she removed 
 with her parents to Detroit, where she received most of her edu- 
 cation. In the month of May, 1802, she was married to William 
 Whistler, born in Hagerstovvn, Maryland, about 1784, a second- 
 lieutenant in the company of his father, Captain John Whistler. 
 U.S.A., then stationed at Detroit. In the summer of 1803, 
 Captain Whistler's company was ordered to Chicago, to occupy 
 the post and build the Fort. Lieut. James S. Swearingen (late 
 Colonel Swearingen, of Chillicothe, O.) conducted the company 
 from Detroit overland. The U. S. schooner Tracy, Dorr, master, 
 was dispatched at the same time, for same destination, by the 
 lakes, with supplies, and having also on board Captain John 
 Whistler, Mrs. Whistler, their son George W., then three years 
 old, (afterward the distinguished engineer in the employ of the 
 Russian government), Lieut. Wm. Whistler, and the young wife 
 of the last-named gentleman. The schooner stopped briefly on 
 her route at St. Joseph's River, where the Whistlers left the 
 vessel and took a row-boat to Chicago. The schooner on arriv- 
 ing at Chicago, anchored half a mile from the shore, discharging 
 her freight by boats. Some 2,000 Indians visited the locality 
 while the vessel was here, being attracted by so unusual an 
 occurrence, as the appearance in these waters of 'a big canoe 
 with wings.' Lieut. Swearingen returned with the Tracy to 
 Detroit." 
 
 "There were then here, says Mrs. W., but four nide huts, or 
 traders' cabins, occupied by white men, Canadian French, with 
 Indian wives. * * Capt. Whistler, upon his arrival, at once 
 set about erecting a stockade and shelter for their protection, 
 followed by getting out the sticks for the heavier work. It is 
 worth mentioning here, that there was not at that time, within 
 hundreds of miles, a team of horses, or oxen, and, as a con- 
 sequence, the soldiers had to don the harness, and with the aid 
 of ropes drag home the needed timbers. * * Lieut. Whistler, 
 after about five years sojourn here, was transferred to Fort 
 Wayne, having previously been made a first-lieutenant. * * 
 
 "Col. Wm. Whistler's height at maturity was 6 feet 2 inches, 
 and his weight at one time was 260 pounds. He died in New- 
 port, Ky., Dec. 4th, 1863." Mrs. Whistler lived to be ninety 
 years of age, dying on February 131)1, 1878, at Newport, Ky., and 
 leaving four daughters, one son, Gen. J. N. G. Whistler, now 
 stationed at Fort Keogh, Dakota, and thirty-seven grandchildren,
 
 14 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 according to the obituary notice published at the time. Mrs. 
 Gen. Philip H. Sheridan is her grand-niece. 
 
 This Capt. John Whistler, father of William, according to 
 Gardner's Military Dictionary, was originally a British soldier, 
 and was made prisoner with Gen. Burgoyne, at Saratoga, October, 
 1777, where our Gen. Henry Dearborn was serving as Major. 
 He afterward joined the American army, became sergeant, and 
 by hard fighting, won his way to a captaincy in the ist Infantry, 
 in April, 1802. He was made Brevet-Major in 1812, and con- 
 tinued in that capacity until his company was disbanded after 
 the close of the war, June, 1815. He died at Bellefontaine, Mo., 
 in 1827, where he had been a military store-keeper several years. 
 The United States official register says he was a native of Ire- 
 land. There is nothing to contradict the general impression that 
 about the year 1810, he was succeeded by Capt. Nathan Heald, 
 who commanded at the destruction of the Fort; making but two 
 commandants in the life of the first Fort, the one being a witness 
 of its commencement, and the other of its destruction. Heald 
 was made Major, August 26th, 1812. eleven days after the mas- 
 sacre, and went into private life with the disbandment of his 
 regiment at the close of the war, June, 1815. His wife was 
 Rebekah, daughter of Col. Samuel Wells, of Louisville, Ky., 
 and niece of the murdered Capt. William Wells,* for whom 
 our Wells Street was named. Mrs. Juliette A. Kinzie, in her 
 IVau-bun, says, "The Indians stole Capt. Wells, when a boy, 
 from the family of Hon. Nathaniel Pope, of Kentucky, with 
 whom he was living." 
 
 Some writers contend that, had Capt. Whistler been in charge 
 of the Fort instead of Capt. Heald, the massacre would not 
 have taken place. Capt. Heald has had no one to speak for 
 him here. But he was appointed from Massachusetts a lieuten- 
 ant, in 1799, and could not be supposed to have had that ac- 
 quaintance with the characteristics of the Indians which Whistler 
 had, who had been in his country's service ever since Burgoyne's 
 surrender in 1777, and principally against the Indians, and fre- 
 quently participating in the campaigns of Gen. Arthur St. Clair, 
 and in one of which he was wounded.t Fault-finders say he 
 
 * For history of Capt. Wm. Wells and family, see Appendix A. 
 
 t In the Biographical Sketches of the Members of the Corinthian Lodge of 
 Masons, at Concord, Mass., I find the following: "Nathan Heald, initiated 
 in 1797, died at Stockland, [now O'Fallon], in St. Charles Co., Mo., where 
 he had resided for some years, in 1832, aged 57 years. He was born in New 
 Ipswich, N.H., [Sept. 29,] 1775, [was the third son of Col. Thomas and 
 Sybel (Adams) Heald,] and in early life joined the U. S. Army." Mrs.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 15 
 
 should have done one of two things, neither of which he did. 
 He should have abandoned the Fort at once upon receiving his 
 orders from Gen. William Hull, commanding at Detroit, which 
 were received here on the yth, or else have put the Fort in a con- 
 dition for permanent defence. Gen. Hull's orders were to 
 evacuate the post if practicable, and, in that event, to distribute 
 the property belonging to the United States, in the Fort and in the 
 factory or agency, to the Indians in the neighborhood. It was 
 not until eight days thereafter that Capt. Heald evacuated the 
 post. Yet there may have been considerations held out to him 
 by friendly chiefs and their friends, which they could not make 
 good after the news of the war with Great Britain became gener- 
 ally spread. Even Gen. Hull thought the Indians friendly, or he 
 would not have ordered the property distributed as he did. But 
 Mackinaw had surrendered to the British on the lyth of July, and 
 the Indians may have heard of it, although Capt. Nathan Heald 
 did not hear of it until the arrival of Gen. William Hull's mes- 
 sage, on the 7th. As the Indians generally favored the British, 
 the news from Mackinaw may have excited them. Gen. Hull sur- 
 rendered Detroit to Gen. Isaac Brock (who was killed at the 
 battle of Queenstown. on the i3th. October, ensuing) about 
 twenty-four hours after the Chicago massacre. And it is a 
 remarkable fact that our John B. Beaubien was at the surrender 
 of Mackinaw, whilst his brother, Mark Beaubien, was at that of 
 Detroit. 
 
 I now quote from the Adjutant-General's letter of April ad, 
 1 88 1, giving all that appears upon the records of the War De- 
 partment, respecting the destruction of the Fort : 
 
 "August 1 5th, 1812, the garrison, having evacuated the post 
 and were en route for Fort Wayne, under the command of Capt. 
 Nathan Heald, ist United States Infantry, composed of 54 regular 
 infantry, 12 militia-men, and i interpreter, was attacked by the 
 Indians to the number of between 400 and 500, of whom 15 were 
 reported killed. Those of the garrison killed were Ensign Geo. 
 Ronan, ist Infantry, Dr. I. V. Van Voorhis, Capt. Wells, interpre- 
 ter, 24 enlisted men United States Infantry, and 12 militia-men; 
 2 women and 12 children were also killed. The wounded were 
 
 Maria (Heald) Edwards, of this City, born at New Ipswich, N.H., in 1803, 
 mother of Mrs. Gen. A. L. Chetlain, was the oldest child of his brother 
 Hon. Thomas Heald, one of the Associate-Judges of the Supreme Court of 
 Alabama, who died at Mobile, Alabama, in 1821, aged 53. There was a 
 younger brother, Jonas Heald, who died at St. Louis, Mo., single. Mrs. 
 Edwards has a sister, Mrs. Eliza Heald Stone, residing at Concord, Mass., 
 but no brothers.
 
 1 6 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Capt. Nathan Heald and Mrs. Heald. None others reported. 
 The next day, August i6th, 1812, the post was destroyed by the 
 Indians." 
 
 Ensign George Ronan was from the State of New York, and 
 a graduate of the Military Academy, in 1811. Dr. Isaac V. Van 
 Voorhis was also from the State of New York, and appointed 
 surgeon's -mate in 1811. Both are supposed to have been un- 
 married. Capt. William Wells was a brother of Col. Samuel 
 Wells, a prominent man in Kentucky. Lieut. Linai T. Helm, 
 also in the Fort, who is not mentioned in the Adjutant-General's 
 letter, but who is mentioned in the various histories of the 
 massacre as among the wounded and prisoners, (as also is his 
 wife), was appointed ensign in 1807, (State not given), and pro- 
 moted to be captain in April, 1814, and resigned in September 
 of the same year. He married Margaret, a daughter of Capt. 
 McKillup, a British officer, who was killed near Fort Defiance, 
 Ohio, in 1794, whose widow married the original John Kinzie, 
 called by the Indians Shaw -nee- aw -kee, meaning silversmith. 
 So she was half-sister to John H. and Robert A. Kinzie. 
 
 Capt. Helm left an only child, Wm. Edwin Helm, who lived 
 with Gen. Hunter, until the war of the Rebellion; he then went 
 into the army, and never being heard from, is supposed, by his 
 relatives, to have been killed in the war. Others claim that he 
 has since lived at St. Louis. Capt. Linai T. Helm was son of 
 William Willis Helm, a Revolutionary soldier, of Prince-William 
 
 County, Va., who married Taliafero, of Caroline County. 
 
 Virginia. Capt. Helm is said to have died whilst traveling at the 
 East, about 1817, at or near Bath, Steuben County, N.Y. 
 
 Capt. and Mrs. Margaret Helm were married in Detroit, 1808, 
 and after his death she married, at Chicago, 1836, Dr. Lucius 
 Abbott, of Detroit, Mich., and died in 1845, at Crrand Rapids, 
 Mich. He was appointed assistant -surgeon from Connecticut, 
 Jan. 15, 1828, and resigned, March 31, 1834. After his wife's 
 death he returned to Connecticut, and died there. 
 
 Capt. Helm had a brother, Francis T. Helm, who was ap- 
 pointed lieutenant from New York, in 1814, and left the army at 
 the- close of the war, 1815; he had a son, Charles J. Helm, who 
 was appointed first-lieutenant from Kentucky, March 8, 1847, 
 and served in the army until the close of the Mexican war; who 
 married Louise, daughter of Col. William Whistler, now living at 
 Newport, Ky., and sister of Mjs. Robt. A. Kinzie. He was aid- 
 de-camp to Gen. John S. Wool. 
 
 The details of the massacre would require more time than I 
 have to spare on this occasion. I have given all that the
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWQRTH. I/ 
 
 records at Washington show.* Next to them in importance are 
 the contemporaneous accounts t copied into American State 
 Papers; and also into Niks' Register of 1812, 1813, and 1814. 
 Next is the Narrative of the Massacre of Chicago, by John H. 
 Kinzie, j who was a boy here at the time, having been born in 
 Sandwich, Upper Canada, July 7, 1803, published in 1844. Next, 
 Brown's History of Illinois; and next, Annals of the West, pub- 
 lished at St. Louis, in 1851; History of the Maumee Valley, by 
 H. S. Knapp; Me Bride's Pioneer Biography ; Loss ing's Field Book 
 of the War of 1812; Brice's History of Fort Wayne. Upon this 
 matter and many others appertaining to the early history of 
 Chicago, Mrs. Juliette A. Kinzie's Wau-bun, published in 1855, 
 is very instructive; but it is not properly appreciated because 
 it is written in the shape of leisure sketches instead of con- 
 secutive history. Those who think lightly of her work should 
 call at my office and copy a thorough index of it, which I have 
 made, and they will find that Wan-bun is a historic treasure. 
 Robert Fergus, of this City, is publishing a very valuable series 
 of pamphlets upon Early Chicago, in which much respecting this 
 massacre is given. There is also something in Blanchard's History 
 of Chicago and the North- West. After a diligent search at the var- 
 ious Departments, I can not find that any of the soldiers here at 
 the time of the massacre, nor that any of their descendants, have 
 applied for a land-warrant or a pension. So I have been unable 
 to procure for you the names of any descendants of those whose 
 lives were preserved, nor can I give you the names of those 
 whose lives were lost, except those published in the papers about 
 the time, nor the names of any living descendants. The com- 
 pany-roll can not be found. Yet I will give to whatever his- 
 tory this address may acquire the names of the soldiers and of 
 others I have found out, and perhaps some family genealogist 
 may yet do what I have been unable to do. The following 
 soldiers reached Plattsburg, New York, in 1814, after being 
 redeemed as British prisoners at Quebec, Canada: James Van 
 Horn, Joseph Knowles, Paul Grummon, (or Grummow or Grum- 
 mond or Gromet), Elias Mills, James Bowen, Nathan Edson, 
 
 * See Appendix B. t See Appendix C. 
 
 * The Massacre of Chicago, was written by Mrs. John H. Kinzie, and pub- 
 lished by Ellis & Fergus, printers, Saloon Buildings, Chicago, in 1844. The 
 copy was written in a half-bound blank-book, small letter-page, of about four 
 quires, in Mrs. Kinzie's handwriting. Shortly after its publication, Judge 
 Henry Brown issued his History of Illinois, and he copied Mrs. Kinzie's 
 pamphlet, which made two chapters of his history. Mrs. K. said that "the 
 Judge had no right to take the Massacre, or to make the alterations which 
 he made." R. P KRGUS, June I4th, 1881.
 
 1 8 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Dyson Dyer, James Corbin, and Phelini Corbin, whose wife (Mrs. 
 Corbin) w.is inhumanly massacred. Mrs. Holt, wife of Sergeant 
 Holt, is mentioned as having afterward lived in Ohio. Sergeant 
 Hays was killed. A soldier named Cooper* was killed, but hi* 
 family was saved. 
 
 Among the soldiers who were killed, or who died from expos- 
 ure after the massacre, were John Neads, Hugh Logan, August 
 Motte, and Nelson from Maryland, t 
 
 During my residence in Chicago, I have made repeated efforts 
 to trace out some descendant or relative of Capt. Nathan Heald 
 without success. After I began to write this address, I felt more 
 anxious than ever to learn something more of him, and addressed 
 letters to various places seeking information. Luckily, one of my 
 letters reached a gentleman who knew a son of his, and he lost 
 no time in seeing him and some neighbors who also knew the 
 family ; and in hastening to me the following statements, gathered 
 in a short interview; being remembrances of what they had heard 
 from his parents, they having read nothing upon the subject and 
 not thinking that there was anyone at this late day feeling any in- 
 terest in it : 
 
 "Capt. Nathan Heald was married in Louisville, Kentucky, 
 May 23d, 1811, to Rebekah Wells, a native of Kentucky, and 
 daughter of Col. Samuel Wells, of that place. They started at 
 once for Fort Dearborn, and went all the way on horseback. 
 She rode a beautiful and well-trained bay mare, upon which the 
 Indians ever looked with longing eyes. They made several 
 attempts to steal her. She was riding her when the attack was 
 made, and the Indians considered her one of the greatest trophies 
 of the battle. Great, but unsuccessful efforts were made to repur- 
 chase her. Gen. Hull sent Capt. Wm. Wells, with about thirty- 
 two friendly Indians, to escort Capt. Heald to Fort Wayne. 
 
 * See Appendix D. 
 
 t When the last Fort was taken down, in 1856, an old paper was found, 
 reading as follows: 
 
 " Permission is hereby given for one gill of whiskey each : Denison, Dyer, 
 Andrews, Keamble (may be Kimball or some other name beginning with K), 
 Burnam, J. Corbin, Burnett, Smith, McPher- 
 son, Hamilton, Fury [not certain], Grumond 
 [or Grummon, orGrummow, or Grumet], Mor- 
 fitt [or Marfett], Lynch, Locke [or Locker], 
 Peterson, P. Corbin, Van Horn, Mills. 
 
 November I2th, 1811." r 
 
 The most of the names had been partially erased with pen and ink, probably 
 to show that they had received their whiskey. Therefore, some of the names 
 may be erroneous.
 
 From a portrait in possession of her son, Hon. Darius Heald.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 19 
 
 There were in Fort Dearborn only twenty-five or thirty fighting 
 men. The others were upon the sick-list. It was in the very hot 
 weather of August. The order to vacate created no dissatisfac- 
 tion at Fort Dearborn or vicinity, except with the sutler or store- 
 keeper, interpreters, traders, and that whole class who felt that 
 their occupation would be gone if the Fort should be abandoned. 
 They are the persons who have handed down all the reflections 
 upon Capt. Heald's conduct in leaving the Fort. When the 
 soldiers had proceeded about one and a-half miles from the Fort, 
 they were surprised and surrounded by about 600 Indians who 
 had formed in a horse-shoe or semi-circular shape upon the bluff. 
 The troops were upon the lake shore. Capt. and Mrs. Heald 
 were riding together. Capt. Wells was somewhat in advance, 
 dressed in Indian costume, with his Indian forces. Capt. Wells 
 first noticed the design of the Indians and rode back and in- 
 formed Capt. Heald, who at once started for the most elevated 
 point upon the sand-hills, and endeavored to mass his wagons, 
 baggage, women, and children, and sick soldiers, so as to make 
 a better defence whilst the fight was going on. At the first 
 attack, Capt. Wells' Indians made their escape. Early in the 
 fight, Capt. Heald and his wife became separated. Capt. Wells 
 rode up to Mrs. Heald, with blood streaming from his mouth and 
 nostrils, and told her that he thought he had been fatally 
 wounded, and requested her to inform his wife that he had fought 
 bravely and knew that he had killed seven Indians before he was 
 shot. Soon his horse was shot, and, as the horse fell, his foot 
 was caught in the stirrup and he was held under the dead horse 
 some time. Whilst in this position, he killed his eighth Indian. 
 He was released from this position just in time to meet his 
 death from a bullet in the back of his neck. The Indians im- 
 mediately scalped him, cut out his heart and flourished it about 
 upon a gun-stick, then divided it into small pieces and ate it 
 whilst warm, Mrs. Heald being a witness. She was led back to 
 the Fort as a prisoner. 
 
 "Capt. Heald received a wound in the hip which always 
 troubled him, and, it is believed, caused his death in 1832. He 
 drew a pension in consequence thereof. Having but about a 
 half-dozen men left in a fighting condition, Capt. Heald surren- 
 dered. The Indians returned to the Fort, plundered and burned 
 it. They then camped along the lake shore, near the Fort. The 
 next morning, an Indian chief, named Jean Baptist Chandonais, 
 who was a half-breed, having possession of Capt. Heald as his pris- 
 oner, sought out the captor of Mrs. Heald and purchased her. 
 She had supposed that her husband was killed. Chandonais took
 
 2O FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Mrs. Heald to her husband. .She had received six wounds. 
 When the Indians were leading her away as prisoner, one of the 
 squaws attempted to take a blanket from her, when she, with her 
 riding-whip, struck her several times ; which act of bravery, under 
 the circumstances, greatly excited the admiration of the Indians. 
 The next day, the chief Chandonais took all the warriors with him 
 for the purpose, it was said, of burning a prisoner, leaving Capt. 
 Heald and wife in charge of the squaws and a young Indian boy. 
 That evening, through the assistance of the boy who accom- 
 panied them, and probably with the assent of Chandonais, they 
 made their escape in a birch-bark canoe to Mackinaw, and finally 
 reached Detroit, where Capt. Heald surrendered himself as a 
 prisoner of war. The British officer in charge was a Mason as 
 well as Capt. Heald. This officer greatly assisted them and, 
 when exchanged, he gave them money to take them home. 
 
 "The Indians took from Capt. Heald a large ornamental silver 
 shawl or blanket-pin, marked R.A. M., and from Mrs. Heald a 
 tortoise-shell comb mounted with gold, and they were finally sold 
 at St. Louis, where Lieut. John O'Fallon, a U.S. officer from 
 Kentucky, recognized, purchased, and sent them to Louisville, 
 Ky., where they arrived before Capt. and Mrs. Heald. 
 
 "Capt. Heald and wife came to St. Charles County, Mo., in 
 the spring of 1817, and settled at Stony Point, near the town of 
 O'Fallon in that county, where they resided until his death, April 
 ayth, 1832, aged fifty-seven years. Mrs. Heald remained there 
 also until her death, April 23d, 1857, aged eighty-one years. She 
 was a leading member of the Baptist Church, and was greatly 
 respected for her great firmness and kindness. They were buried 
 upon the home place. Mrs. Heald left a manuscript history of 
 her horseback tour from Louisville, in 1811, to Chicago, of her 
 life whilst at Chicago, and of the massacre, and her final return 
 to St. Louis. But it was lost during the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 "They had two daughters, both now dead, Margaret dying 
 single in 1836, aged twenty, and Mary (the oldest) dying in 1835, 
 the wife of Capt. David McCausland, who still survives her. 
 They had a son, Darius, born January 27th, 1822, and still lives 
 upon the home place, near O'Fallon. He represented St. Charles 
 County in the Missouri Legislature in 1856-59. Col. Samuel 
 Wells, father of Mrs. Heald, was a noted Indian -fighter and 
 brother of Capt. William Wells. 
 
 "Chandonais and his son visited Major Heald in the fall before 
 his death, and passed some days with him, recounting the scenes 
 of the massacre and calling to mind the incident of the blanket." 
 
 I find the following in Gardner's Military Dictionary:
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 21 
 
 Samuel Wells was from Kentucky. Major in Adair's Mounted 
 Volunteers, in 1793; Major, and distinguished himself in battle 
 of Tippecanoe, Nov. 7, 1811; Colonel of i7th Infantry, 1812; 
 disbanded with regiment, May 12, 1814; Major-General of Ken- 
 tucky Militia. 
 
 William Wells, brother of above, was from Kentucky, was cap- 
 tain commanding company of spies, under Maj. -Gen. Anthony 
 Wayne, from July 28, to December, 1794. 
 
 William Wayne Wells, son of Capt. William, was appointed 
 cadet at West Point from Indiana, September, 1817; second-lieu- 
 tenant, 1821; first-lieutenant, 1825; resigned July 31, 1831, and 
 died in 1832. [Died on board the Steamer Superior, off Erie, 
 Pa., whilst returning home.] 
 
 All accounts agree that the massacre took place about one mile 
 and a-half south from the Fort. It was pointed out to me in 
 1836, and the historic bluffs or sand-hills existed for many years 
 thereafter. 
 
 Medore B. Beaubien, son of Gen. John B. Beaubien, sends me, 
 by his brother, Alexander, who has just returned from a visit to 
 him, at Silver Lake, Shawnee County, Kansas, the following to 
 read to you : 
 
 "I was born at Grand River, Michigan, in 1809, and came to 
 Chicago with my father, in 1813, and walked over the ruins of 
 the old Fort that was burnt by the Indians. After me, all father's 
 children were born in Chicago." 
 
 [At this point Mr. Wentworth caused a general commotion in 
 his audience by saying:] 
 
 Ladies and gentlemen, I am going to give you a recess by 
 introducing to you a gentleman who unexpectedly called upon me 
 yesterday, and whom I believe you will all be glad to know. Hon. 
 Darius Heald, of O'Fallon, St. Charles County, Mo., son of Capt. 
 Nathan Heald, commandant of the Fort at the time of the 
 massacre, who came here on purpose to witness the ceremonies, 
 of this day. 
 
 [Mr. Heald came forward amid great cheering and thanked the 
 people for their reception. He exhibited the shawl-pin, into the 
 rim of which the Indians had made a hole, so as to wear it in 
 their ear or nose. It was the opinion of many that it might have 
 been made here by our original John Kinzie, who was a silver- 
 smith at one time. He then exhibited his mother's bridal comb., 
 which attracted great admiration from the ladies; having beeru 
 well preserved. The shell was cut in the shape of an eagle, and 
 it was plenteously studded with gold so as to represent the eagle's 
 wings. Mr. Heald said he had heard his mother say that, whilst;
 
 22 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 she was writhing in pain from her many wounds and lying upon 
 'the ground, she saw an Indian chief strutting around with that 
 comb in his hair. Mr. Heald also exhibited a small ivory minia- 
 ture of his mother's uncle, the massacred Capt. Wm. Wells, and 
 of his own grandfather, Col. Samuel Wells.] 
 
 There is no doubt but the Indians, who resided within the im- 
 mediate vicinity of the Fort, were friendly, and did their best to 
 pacify the numerous warriors who flocked here from the more 
 distant hunting-grounds. But they were so determined upon 
 warfare that they proceeded, directly after the massacre, to Fort 
 Wayne, and joined the Indians there in a continued assault upon 
 the Fort, until relieved by Gen. Wm. H. Harrison, on the i6th 
 September, following. Scarcely a person escaped the massacre 
 who did not have some kind words to say of some friendly Indian 
 whose acquaintance had been previously formed. 
 
 The Adjutant-General writes to me that his records only show 
 that the post was reoccupied about June, 1816, Capt. Hezekiah 
 Bradley commanding. The troops continued in occupation until 
 October, 1823, when the post was evacuated, and left in charge 
 of the Indian -agent. It was reoccupied, October 3d, 1828. 
 Nothing is on tile respecting the rebuilding of the Fort. 
 
 When I was in Congress, under the second term of President 
 Tyler, in 1843 an d '44, Hon. John C. Calhoun was Secretary 
 of State, and I remember, in a conversation with me about 
 Chicago, that he claimed that the Fort was completed under the 
 early part of his term as Secretary of War, and he asserted that 
 there was a disposition among the officers here to call it Fort 
 Chicago; but he thought it would be disrespectful to Gen. Henry- 
 Dearborn, then living and standing high in the affections of the 
 people, and having a claim upon their gratitude as a soldier and 
 statesman. Calhoun's term commenced with the inauguration of 
 President Monroe, March 4th, 1817. The building of the Fort in 
 1816, may have been the cause or the result of the treaty of that 
 year, in which the Pottawatomies ceded to the United States all 
 the country in this region, described as the country upon the 
 headwaters of Lake Michigan. They were to be paid $5700 
 yearly, and their number was estimated at three thousand and 
 four hundred. They remained the peaceful occupants of all they 
 wanted until after my arrival, Oct. 25, '36. Our old settlers received 
 a very welcome visit not long since from Col. John T. Sprague, 
 who made himself very popular here whilst, as a second -lieu- 
 tenant, collecting the scattered bands, and making arrangements 
 to take them to their new home,* where they have ever remained 
 * See Sketch of the Pottawatomies, by J. D. Caton, No. 3, Fergus' Hist. Series.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 23 
 
 contented, and from whom we often hear through their agent, a. 
 member of the first Board of Trustees of the Original Town of 
 Chicago, in 1833, Medore B. Beaubien, now mayor of their com- 
 mercial centre, Silver Lake, Shawnee County, Kansas. Colonel 
 Sprague was son-in-law of Gen. Wm. J. Worth, and won honors 
 in the Florida and Mexican wars. He has recently deceased. 
 
 Capt. John B. F. Russell was here upon detached Indian-ser- 
 vice, when I came, and superintended the Indians' final removal. 
 He entered West Point from Massachusetts, in 1814, was made 
 captain in 1830, and resigned, 22d June, 1837. He built the first 
 public hall in our City, at the south-east corner of Lake and Clark 
 Streets, known as "The Saloon" where courts, public meetings, 
 balls, etc., etc., were held. It was there where Stephen A. Doug- 
 lass and John T. Stuart, candidates for Congress, had a public 
 discussion in 1838. He was the first man to establish an office 
 for the sale and purchase of real estate and payment of taxes here. 
 He died here January 3, 1861, leaving a widow and son, both still 
 living here. 
 
 I quote from a paper read before the Chicago Historical So- 
 ciety by Hon. Isaac N. Arnold, its President, upon the authority 
 of Mr. John H. Kinzie's daughter, Mrs. Nellie Gordon, and pub- 
 lished in the Chicago Tribune, July i8th, 1877: 
 
 "In 1816, the Kinzie family returned to their desolate home in 
 Chicago. The bones of the murdered soldiers who had fallen 
 four years before, were still lying unburied where they had fallen. 
 The troops, who rebuilt the Fort, collected and interred the re- 
 mains. The coffins which contained them were deposited near 
 the bank of the river, which then had its outlet about at the 
 foot of Madison Street. The cutting through the sand-bar for 
 the harbor caused the Lake to encroach and wash away the 
 earth, exposing the long range of coffins and their contents, 
 which were afterward cared for and reinterred by the civil au- 
 thorities."* 
 
 Among my earliest recollections of Chicago was seeing pro- 
 jections of coffins from the steep banks of the lake shore, south 
 of the Fort, about Lake Street. 
 
 Capt. Bradley commanded from June, 1816, until May, 1817; 
 Brevet-Major Daniel Baker,t until June, 1820; then Capt. Bradley 
 again, to Jan. ist, 1821 ; Maj. Alexander Cummings to Oct., 1821 ; 
 Lieut.-Col. Jno. McNeil to July, 1823; Capt. Jno. Greene to Oct., 
 1823. They are all dead ; Bradley dying in 1826; Baker in 1836; 
 Cummings in 1842; McNeil in 1850, and Greene in 1840. None 
 of them have descendants in this region of whom I ever heard. 
 
 * See No. 10 Fergus Historical Series, p. 21. t See Appendix E.
 
 24 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 I never had an acquaintance with any of them, except Col. Mc- 
 Neil, afterward brevetted Brigadier-General. He was a native 
 of New Hampshire, and passed his last years there. From him 
 I received my earliest impressions of Chicago. He claimed that 
 his daughter, now living, the widow of Hon. Chandler E. Potter, 
 of Manchester, N.H., was the first child born in the new Fort. 
 I met her, a few years since, walking from the site of the Fort, 
 and she told me she had been trying to find her birthplace. 
 Another daughter, still living, is the wife of the present Gen. 
 Henry W. Benham. He lost his only son, Lieutenant J. Win- 
 field Scott McNeil, in an engagement under Gen. Hernandez, 
 with the Indians, in Florida, in 1837. Gen. McNeil was brother- 
 in-law of President Franklin Pierce, the late Lieut. John Sullivan 
 Pierce, and Lieut. -Col. Benjamin K. Pierce.* 
 
 Gen. McNeil was the competitor of Gen. Scott, for being the 
 tallest and heaviest man who was ever in the American army. 
 Both were brevetted for their gallantry at the battle of Niagara, 
 Canada, in 1814, where McNeil was so severely wounded that 
 
 * Lieut. John Sullivan Pierce married Harriet Puthuff, daughter of the 
 Indian-agent at Mackinaw, who was a Virginian, and came to Mackinaw about 
 1818. He was Wm. Henry Puthuff", appointed adjutant from Ohio, May 7, 
 1812; major, Feb. 21, 1814; and disbanded, with his regiment, at the close of 
 the war, in 1815. He was a member of the Michigan legislative council in 
 
 1824, and died in November of that year. Lieut. Pierce died at Detroit, in 
 
 1825. After his death, and that of her father, Mrs. Pierce went to Chilli- 
 cothe, Ohio, with her two children. 
 
 Lieut. -Col. Benjamin K. Pierce married Josette Lafromboise, when he was 
 in command of Fort Mackinaw, about 1815-16, daughter of Joseph Lafrom- 
 boise, who married Madeline, daughter of Jean Baptiste Marcotte, a fur- 
 trader of Mackinaw, who married a woman of the Ottawa tribe of Indians. 
 Mrs. Pierce died in Nov., 1821, leaving Harriet, who married Jas. Brewerton 
 Ricketts, who graduated at West Point, in 1839, and was a captain in 1852. 
 Mrs. Rickets did not live long, but left a daughter who married an army officer, 
 and is still living. Lt.-Col. Pierce married again. Joseph Lafromboise had a 
 maiden sister who taught a young ladies' school at Mackinaw, as early as 1793 
 or 1794. Madame Madeline Lafromboise, after she was thirty years of age, 
 educated herself; and her husband having been killed upon the Upper Mis- 
 sissippi, she took charge of his business and continued a trader in the Ameri- 
 can Fur Company's employ, visiting various trading-posts and looking after 
 the acts of the employes. Her sister, Madame Therese Schindler, was grand- 
 mother of the widow of the late Hon. H. S. Beard, now living at Green Bay, 
 Wisconsin, and to whom I am indebted for this information. 
 
 The Lafromboife family of this City, claimed relationship to that of 
 Mackinaw; but it is probable that our Francis, Sr., was no nearer related than 
 cousin or second-cousin to Joseph, of Mackinaw. In 1826, Francis, Sr., voted 
 here, with three sons, Joseph, Claude, and Francis, Jr. Gen. John Baptiste 
 Beaubien's second wife was Josette Lafromboise, daughter of Francis, Sr. 
 Medore B. Beaubien, of Silver Lake, Kan., son of Gen. John B., by his first 
 wife, now has for his second wife the widow of Thomas Watkins, (a clerk in 
 the Chicago postoffice, in 1837), and daughter of our Joseph Lafromboise.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 25 
 
 he was incapacitated for further duty, and went into civil service, 
 being at one time surveyor -general of the port of Boston. I 
 have often measured with both these distinguished men, and I 
 feel safe in saying that those who have seen me have an accurate 
 idea of their size and height. 
 
 From October, 1823, the Fort was in charge of Dr. Alexander 
 Wolcott, from Connecticut, the uncle of our present and long 
 time-honored county surveyor, named for him. 
 
 There was an Indian trading-post at Chicago, on Lake Michi- 
 gan, in Indiana Territory, in 1805. Charles Jouett, from Ken- 
 tucky, (sometimes written Jewett), was Indian-agent at Detroit, 
 in 1803. The Chicago agency may then have been under the 
 supervision of the Detroit agent. He signed his name afterward 
 as Indian -agent at Chicago. Mathew Irwin* was the Indian- 
 
 * Mathew Irwin, sometimes called Indian-agent, and sometimes Factory- 
 agent, at Chicago, in 1810, received $1165 salary. Official reports show that 
 there was in that year $4732 worth of merchandize and $877 worth of furs 
 and peltries, and that the factory -building cost $500. Between 1807 and 
 iSii the profits on the trade at Chicago was $3725. From the 1st of March 
 to the massacre, Charles Jouett appears to have succeeded Mr. Irwin. After 
 the Fort was rebuilt, the Indian trade commenced again, and during the years 
 1817-18-19, there were 191 Deer skins, 71 Beaver skins, 1182 Raccoon skins, 
 27,077 Muskrat skins, and 16 Fox skins purchased. These were sold at 
 Georgetown, D. C., on ninety days' credit. Between July, 1820, and Decem- 
 ber, 1821, Alexander Wolcott, as Indian-agent, paid out $27,600. His 
 salary was $1300. John Kinzie received $500 as sub-agent. In 1831-32, 
 Thomas J. V. Owen was Indian-agent, and disbursed here, during the year, 
 $4987, and in 1832-33, $64,593. George W. Dole, (afterwards alderman), 
 is paid for salt, and Messrs. Beeson, Winslow & Beeson for tobacco. Col. 
 Owen's salary was $1300; Gholson Kerchival, his brother-in-law, (afterward 
 member of the Legislature), received $524 as sub-agent. James Stewart, as 
 sub-agent, $375. Billy Caldwell, (Sauganash) interpreter, $493. David 
 McKee, (who died at Aurora, 111., April 8th, 1881), blacksmith, $480, 
 Joseph Pothier, (who married Victor Miranda, a half-breed, and was living at 
 Milwaukee, at last dates), assistant-blacksmith, $220. Dexter Graves, (father- 
 in-law of the late E. H. Hadduck, who died May 30, 1881), assistant in 
 issuing provisions. John Currin, agriculturist at Carey Mission. [The Carey 
 Mission, referred to in this note, was a few miles from Niles, Michigan, and 
 was under charge of the Baptists. Not far from it in the same county, near 
 where Bertram, Berrien County, now is, was the St. Joseph Mission, under 
 charge of the Catholics.] Robert A. Kinzie, (son of John), assistant in fur- 
 nishing presents to the Indians. Isaac Harmon, Justice of the Peace, fees for 
 prosecuting John Welch for selling liquor to Indians, $2.82. [He was brother 
 to Dr. Elijah Dewey Harmon, who died Jan. 3, 1869.*] In 1833-4, pay- 
 ments were made to some of the same persons, and also to John S. C. Hogan, 
 (postmaster), Brewster, Hogan & Co., William See, (Rev.), blacksmith, 
 John Calhoun, (publisher of Democrat}, Ferdinand Seybold, Clemens Stose, 
 (afterward alderman, and now living at SanFrancisco, Cal. ), Joseph Bouche, 
 or Bushy, James Smallwood, Peter Pruyne, (afterward State Senator), and 
 J. S. W. Beeson. 
 
 * See Early Medical Chicago, No. n Fergus' Historical Series, pp. 12 18.
 
 26 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 agent here, in 1810. Dr. Alexander Wolcott, was Indian-agent 
 here as early as 1820, and so continued until his death, in 1830. 
 He was succeeded by Col. Thomas J. V. Owen, of this. State, 
 who was born in Kentucky, April 5th, 1801, and was one of 
 our first Board of Town Trustees, in 1833, who died here October 
 1 5th, 1835, whose wife (now living at East St. Louis, in this 
 State) was daughter of Hon. Miles Hotchkiss, and niece of our 
 United States Senator, Elias K. Kane. If you will go down to 
 Lewiston, in Fulton County, you will find, upon the list of mar- 
 riages there, the following, at Chicago precinct of that county: 
 "By John Hamlin, J.P., July zoth, 1823, Alexander Wolcott and 
 Ellen Marion Kinzie." 
 
 Mr. Hamlin resided at Peoria, and was on his way home from 
 Green Bay, when he performed the ceremony. Chicago had 
 neither clergyman nor Justice-of-the-Peace then. But this trouble 
 was soon avoided by the appointment of her father as one of the 
 Justices-of-the- Peace for Fulton County, upon the zd of Decem- 
 ber following. We had to wait until we became a part of Peoria 
 County before we had a second one, who was Billy Caldwell, 
 (Sauganash), who was appointed April i8th, 1826. Mrs. Wol- 
 cott, remarried, in Detroit, May 26, 1836, Hon. George C. Bates, 
 of that City, (where she died, August i, 1860, leaving Kinzie 
 Bates, born there April 19, 1838, now captain in U. S. Infantry,) 
 more recently of this City, but now of Leadville, Colo. It is 
 claimed that she was the first white child born in Chicago [1805], 
 the place of her birth being on the North-Side, at the historic home 
 of John and Eleanor Kinzie, and I know not why she can not be 
 said to have been the first white person married here. The 
 U.S. Official Register of 1826, shows that Wolcott's salary was 
 $1300, and that he had a Sub-Agent, Alexander Doyle, born in 
 Virginia, at a salary of $500, and that Mr. Kinzie drew a salary 
 of $500 as Indian interpreter; and Alexander Robinson, better 
 known as Chechepinqua, whose descendants still reside in this 
 City, at a salary of $365 ; and also Peresch LeClerc, a Frenchman, 
 well known after I came here, but having no descendants that I am 
 aware of, at a salary of $432. In the year 1823, there appears to 
 have been an Indian-agent or factor here from Connecticut, 
 named A. B. Lindsley, at a salary of $1300, of whom nothing is 
 now known. There was a Jacob B. Varnum here as factor, as 
 early as 1817, from Massachusetts, at a salary of $1300, and who 
 was continued here for some time after Dr. Wolcott came, of 
 whom also nothing is known. 
 
 Mr. Alexander Beaubien informs me that, in 1866, an aged 
 gentleman called to see him, and inquired about his father. He
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 2/ 
 
 said he lived here in 1820, and boarded in the old John Dean 
 house with his father, the site of which has been washed away and 
 would now be out in the Lake, if it had not been filled up. He 
 said his name was Varnum, and he lived then in Petersburg. 
 Mr. Beaubien had forgotten whether in Kentucky or Virginia. 
 John Dean was a post-sutler. 
 
 The Adjutant- General's official records show the following: 
 Upon May 27th, 1823, Major-General Jacob Brown, General-in- 
 Chief of the Army, issued this order: 
 
 "The Major-General, commanding the army, directs that Fort 
 Dearborn, Chicago, be evacuated, and that the garrison thereof 
 be withdrawn to the headquarters of the 3d Regiment of Infantry. 
 
 * * * The Commanding-General of the eastern depart- 
 ment will give the necessary orders for carrying these movements 
 into effect, as well as for the security of the public property at 
 Fort Dearborn." 
 
 Thus matters stood at the Fort until, Major-General Brown 
 being dead, his successor, as General-in-Chief of the Army, Maj.- 
 Gen. Alexander Macomb, gave the following order under date of 
 Washington, August iQth, 1828: 
 
 "In conformity with the directions of the Secretary of War, 
 the following movements of the troops will be made without 
 delay: Two companies of the 5th Regiment of Infantry to re- 
 occupy Fort Dearborn, at the head of Lake Michigan, the 
 remaining eight companies to proceed by the way of the Ouis- 
 consin and Fox Rivers, to Fort Howard, Green Bay, where the 
 headquarters of the Regiment will be established." 
 
 Mrs. John H. Kinzie, in her Wau-bun, thus alludes to this 
 change of the soldiers: "The troops were removed from the 
 garrison in 1823, but restored in 1828, after the Winnebago war. 
 There was a disturbance between the Winnebagoes and white 
 settlers on and near the Mississippi. After some murders had 
 been committed, the young chief, Red Bird, was taken and im- 
 prisoned at Prairie du Chien to await his trial, where he died of 
 chagrin and the irksomeness of confinement. It was feared that 
 the Pottawatomies [our Indians] would make common cause with 
 the Winnebagoes, and commence a general system of havoc and 
 bloodshed upon the frontier. They were deterred from such a 
 step, probably, by the exertions of Billy Caldwell [Sauganash], 
 Robinson [Chechepinqua], and Chamblee [Shabonee], who made 
 an expedition among the Rock-River bands to argue and per- 
 suade them into remaining tranquil."* 
 
 * See Sketch of Caldwell and Shabonee, by Wm. Hickling, in No. 10 Fergus' 
 Historical Series, pp. 29 46.
 
 28 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 I can never think of either of these three persons without being 
 reminded of the many pleasant and instructive hours that I have 
 passed with them individually and collectively, listening to their 
 own experience, describing battle after battle the massacre at 
 Chicago and the battle of the Thames included and narrating 
 personal interviews with and characteristics of Tecumseh, Gen. 
 Harrison, and Gen. Wayne, whom they always called "Old Tem- 
 pest." Caldwell or Sauganash* died with his tribe at Council 
 Bluffs, Iowa, Sept. 28, 1841, in his 6oth year, childless. His 
 wife died before he left here. His only child, Susan Caldwell, 
 died here in 1834. Chamblee or Shabonee died near Morris, in 
 Grundy County, in this State, July 17, 1859, aged 84 years, whilst 
 Robinson or Chechepinqua lived to vote for me several times for 
 Congress, and to call on me as mayor and smoke the pipe of 
 peace. He died upon his reservation, near River Park, in this 
 county, April 22, 1872, aged no years. Both of these latter 
 have living descendants. 
 
 The Winnebago Indians occupied all that portion of Wisconsin 
 Territory bordering on Wisconsin River, numbering about 1550, 
 of whom 500 were warriors. Hence the importance of making 
 headquarters at Fort Howard Green Bay and afterward of the 
 construction of Fort Winnebago, under the superintendence of 
 Lieut. Jefferson Davis. 
 
 Gen. David Hunter writes me from Washington, under date of 
 May 18, 1881: "In October, 1829, I saw on the north side of 
 the River, opposite the Fort, a white man, and wondering where 
 he could have come from, I got into a small wooden canoe, in- 
 tended for only one person, and paddled over to interview him. 
 He introduced himself to me as 2d-Lieut. Jefferson Davis, of the 
 ist Infantry, from Fort Winnebago, in pursuit of deserters. I, of 
 course, was very glad to see Lieut. Davis. I invited him to lie 
 down in my canoe, and I paddled him safely to the Fort. He 
 was my guest until refreshed and ready to return to Fort Winne- 
 bago. This, no doubt, was the first visit of Jefferson Davis to 
 Chicago." 
 
 [At this point of his address, Mr. Wentworth asked pardon for 
 the following digression.] 
 
 As I was starting for this assemblage, I purchased the three 
 o'clock Evening Journal, and was greatly surprised to learn that 
 Mr. Davis arrived in this City this morning. I immediately 
 drove to his hotel and found that he was absent. I intended to 
 have invited him to come here and address you. He could tell 
 you many things of interest about the North-West in early times. 
 
 * See Appendix F.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 29 
 
 And I know he would. For, when he and I were in the House 
 of Representatives together, he was accustomed to inquire for our 
 early families, and to narrate many pleasant incidents. I know 
 you would have given him a cordial reception. I think we must 
 have nearly a thousand of his soldiers, in the late war of the 
 Rebellion, amongst us doing business, and we had rather have 
 more than less of them. Chicago has ever been a hospitable, as 
 well as a cosmopolitan city. She welcomes emigrants from all 
 climes and of all sentiments. As early as -1826, we had an 
 Indian chief, who fought against us in the war of 1812, for 
 Justice of the Peace, and we have had officers, as well as citizens, 
 of every diversity of sentiment and nativity ever since, and one 
 of the great elements of our prosperity has been that we make 
 everyone feel at home here. When I, as your Mayor, went to 
 Montreal, in 1860, to solicit the Prince of Wales to make our 
 City a visit, the great obstacle that I had to overcome was the 
 fears that our numerous foreign population might give vent to 
 their prejudices against royalty, and perpetrate some outrage. 
 But he did come, and, after his return home, the Duke of New- 
 castle wrote me that nowhere was he treated so satisfactorily as 
 in Chicago. And yet we had not an extra policeman during his 
 stay. You remember how it was in 1864, at the time of the great 
 National Convention, when Hon. Clement L. Vallandigham, who 
 had been banished, by President Lincoln, for his treasonable 
 efforts into the rebel country, addressed our citizens, in the even- 
 ing, from the court-house door- steps, there was not the least 
 disturbance, and every policeman was performing his regular 
 routine duties. And, when he closed and I was called upon to 
 respond to him, I was treated with the same respect by his 
 friends that he had been by mine.* Now, would it not have 
 created a sensation throughout the country if it could have been 
 telegraphed that Jefferson Davis was here to-day entertaining us 
 with his experience in Early Chicago ! Such a despatch would 
 have done us good and Mr. Davis good also. It is not my fault 
 that he is not now here. 
 
 [Mr. Davis rode within one block of the tablet whilst Mr. 
 Wentworth was speaking. When he read the reference to him- 
 self the next morning and learned its kind reception by the 
 audience, he expressed his regrets at not being present, and 
 especially wh'en he learned that Gen. P. H. Sheridan was upon 
 the stage.] 
 
 The companies at the Fort, from Oct. 3d, 1828, to their with- 
 drawal, May 2oth, 1831, were companies A and I of the 5th In- 
 
 * See Appendix G.
 
 3O FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 fantry. Capt. John Fowle, who commanded the Fort, was from 
 Massachusetts, and was killed April 25th, 1838, by a steamboat 
 explosion on the Ohio River. His ist-lieutenant was the present 
 Gen. David Hunter, of Washington City, whose wife, Maria H. 
 Kinzie, daughter of John, born in 1807, is the oldest white person 
 now living who was born in Chicago. A 2d-lieutenant was John 
 G. Furman, from South Carolina, who died at the Fort on August 
 2 9> I 83J>. Another 2d-lieutenant was Abram, son of Martin Van 
 Buren and his private-secretary when President. There was an 
 assistant- surgeon, Clement A. Finley, from Ohio, whose last 
 rocord I find as medical-director under Gen. Taylor, in Mexico, 
 in 1846. The second company was commanded by Capt. Mar- 
 tin Scott, from Vermont, who was killed whilst as colonel he was 
 leading his regiment at the battle of El Molino del Rey, in 
 Mexico, Sept. 8, 1847. James Engle, from New Jersey, was his 
 second -lieutenant, who resigned in 1834 and died soon after. 
 His wife was here with him. A brevet second-lieutenant, from 
 New Hampshire, Amos Foster, was under him also, a brother ol 
 the late Dr. John H. Foster,* of this City. He was shot by a 
 soldier at Fort Howard, Green Bay, February 7, 1832. Engle, 
 Foster, and Hunter voted at an election in the Chicago precinct 
 of Peoria County, on July 24, 1830, for Justice-of-the-Peace and 
 Constable. These were the first votes ever cast here by military 
 officers. 
 
 On March 31, 1831, Gen. Macomb issued the following order: 
 "The Post of Chicago will be evacuated as early as practicable, 
 and the garrison, consisting of two companies of the 5th Regiment 
 of Infantry, will proceed to Green Bay and occupy Fort Howard." 
 
 On Feb. 23, 1832, he issued this order: "The headquarters of 
 the 2d Regiment of Infantry are transferred to Fort Niagara. 
 Lieut.-Col. Cummings, with all the officers and men composing 
 the Madison Barracks at Sacketts Harbor, will accordingly relieve 
 the garrison of Fort Niagara, and Major Whistler, of the 2d In- 
 fantry, on being relieved by Col. Cummings, with all the troops 
 under his command, will repair to Fort Dearborn (Chicago) and 
 garrison that post. 
 
 "Assistant-Surgeon DeCamp, now on duty at Madison Bar- 
 racks, is assigned to Fort Dearborn and will accompany the 
 troops ordered to that post. 
 
 "These movements will take place as soon as the navigation 
 will permit." 
 
 This brings us to the second crisis in the history of Chicago, 
 twenty years after the massacre, when the settlers, affrighted by 
 
 * See Early Medical Chicago, No. 10 Fergus' Historical Series, page 30.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 31 
 
 the depredations of Black-Hawk's warriors with their wives and 
 children, sought refuge in the Fort.* Then the Asiatic cholera 
 came and they fled the Fort, but dared not return to their homes, 
 and thus they vibrated between the Indians and cholera, suffer- 
 ing for the necessaries of life. The War Department's records 
 say: "Fort Dearborn having become a general hospital on July 
 nth, no returns were received until its reoccupation ; companies 
 G and I, ad Infantry returned to the Fort, on Oct. ist, from cam- 
 paign." This refers to the march of Gen. Scott to Rock Island 
 in pursuit of Black Hawk. Our Esquire Sauganash with his two 
 friends, Shabonee and Chechepinqua, successfully used their influ- 
 ence to keep the Indians in this vicinity in amity. Some recent 
 writers have asserted that the coffins, which I have heretofore 
 noticed, contained the bodies of soldiers who died of the cholera 
 at that time. But I served in Congress with Gen. Humphrey 
 Marshall, of Kentucky, who came here with Gen. Scott, as a sec- 
 ond-lieutenant, and helped bury the dead, among them a class- 
 mate, Second-Lieutenant Franklin McDuffie, of Rochester, New 
 Hampshire, who died July i5th, and he said the dead were thrown 
 unceremoniously into a pit, and oftentimes those helping to carry 
 a body there in a very few hours had to be thrown in themselves, 
 and the soldiers and citizens afterward were afraid to remove 
 them. Luther Nichols, who died May 2d, 1881, in this City, was, 
 at the time, a regularly enlisted soldier, the last to reside in our 
 City, and helped bury the dead. He described the pit as at the 
 north-west corner of Lake Street and Wabash Avenue. Mr. 
 Nichols was born at Gilbertsville, Otsego County, New York, 
 in 1805, and enlisted as a United-States soldier in 1828; came 
 to Chicago under Major Whistler, and was honorably discharged 
 in 1833. 
 
 Major Whistler arrived here on June ryth, 1832, and kept com- 
 mand until May 14, 1833. Surgeon Samuel G. I. DeCamp, from 
 New Jersey, of whom I can learn nothing, was succeeded in 1833 
 by Surgeon Philip Max\vell,t who after residing here for several 
 
 * See Appendix H. Also, Gurdon S. Hubbard's Narrative, in No. IO, 
 Fergus' Historical Series, p. 41. 
 
 t Among the valuable documents which fell into my hands whilst collecting 
 material for the history of Fort Dearborn was a book, presented by I. L. 
 Usher, Esq., of La Crosse, Wis., which I have deposited with the Chicago 
 Historical Society. It is entitled "Medical Prescription Book of U. S. Army 
 used at Fort Dearborn. " Some leaves have been torn therefrom. But i* in 
 a good condition from November, 1832, until the evacuation of the Fort, 
 December 29, 1836. Dr. Philip Maxwell came to the Fort as surgeon, 
 February 3, 1833, anc * k^ at tne evacuation. So the prescriptions entered 
 in the book are undoubtedly his, and are interesting as showing the great 
 change in medical practice. The name of Luther Nichols is upon the sick-list,
 
 32 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 years, died upon his farm at Geneva Lake, Wisconsin, Novem- 
 ber 5th, 1859, aged sixty years. He was a member of our 
 Legislature, in 1848, and father-in-law of Joel C. Walter, of 
 this City. His bust is one of those upon the block fronting 
 the Court House, on the east side of Clark Street. He was 
 a very social and popular man, and whenever you see a Chicago 
 boy write his name Philip M., you can tell for whom he was 
 named. The captain was Seth Johnson, who resigned in 1836, 
 and ended- his days in this city, leaving descendants, his daughter 
 Harriet having married Josiah E. McClure, of this City, Jan. 8, 
 1837. In 1840, he was Alderman of the old 4th ward, when 
 there were but six wards in the City and only two upon the West 
 Side, his ward comprising all territory north of Lake Street, his 
 residence being in old Waubansia. He was also deputy-collector 
 of the port of Chicago when it belonged to the Detroit district. 
 The first-lieutenant was Julius J. B. Kingsbury, who distinguished 
 himself in the Mexican war and was Major when he resigned. 
 He passed much of his time in this City when not on duty, and, 
 by judicious investment, accumulated a large fortune, which with 
 the aid of lawyers is likely to share the fate of most large fortunes 
 before it passes through the third generation. His son, inheriting 
 his father's love of the good old flag, was killed in the war of the 
 Rebellion, leaving an infant son. His daughter married Capt. 
 Simon Bolivar Buckner, from Kentucky, who, after winning great 
 honor in the Mexican war, became a general in the rebel army. 
 He has been reconstructed now and has the devout sympathies of 
 the numerous friends of Major Kingsbury, in his efforts to save 
 for the grandchildren a good share of the Kingsbury estate. I 
 was quite intimate with Major Kingsbury and I will give him the 
 credit of having the most exalted appreciation of a soldier's duty 
 to his wife and children. His investments here were not a matter 
 of speculation but a sense of duty. However diminutive his salary 
 and wherever stationed, his anxiety for the future of his family 
 would have induced savings and investments. 
 
 There were three second-lieutenants here who left with Major 
 Whistler, in 1833, and never returned to have any status with our 
 Chicago people. Hannibal Day, of Vermont, who was a captain 
 in 1838; James W. Penrose, of Missouri, who distinguished him- 
 
 March 10, 1833; and Sergeant Joseph Adams, aged eighty-six years, now 
 living at South Evanston, in this county, and present at the Calumet Club's 
 reception to the Old Settlers on the igth inst, was prescribed for on the I5th 
 of March, 1835. The book was taken to Fort Howard, Green Bay, Wis., 
 where it was no longer used for its original purpose. 
 
 See also Nos. 5 and II, Fergus' Historical Series, Sketches of Dr. Maxwell.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 33 
 
 self in the Mexican War, and was brevetted major, and died at 
 Plattsburg, New York, in 1848; and Edwin R. Long, of North 
 Carolina, who died a first-lieutenant at Detroit, Mich., in 1846. 
 
 In May, 1833, Capt. John Fowle was again placed in command 
 of the post as the successor of Maj. Whistler, and with him came 
 Brevet-Major De Lafayette Wilcox, who was afterwards, at two 
 periods in command of the post, ending with August ist, 1836. 
 Maj. Wilcox distinguished himself, was wounded in war of 1812, 
 and died at Pilatka, Florida, in 1842. His name will be per- 
 petuated through our legal reports as representing the United 
 States in the celebrated suit of Gen. John B. Beaubien's grantees 
 or lessees to gain possession of the land upon which the Fort was 
 situated under the preemption and other laws. 
 
 Major W T ilcox, and a second -lieutenant, James L. Thompson, 
 were elected members of the Executive Committee of The 
 Chicago Temperance Society, January 3Oth, 1834. And Che- 
 che-pin-qua (Alexander Robinson) joined it. He created a sen- 
 sation by pulling a whisky-bottle from his pocket and smashing 
 it with his tomahawk. Philo Carpenter, still living here, was 
 secretary, and can probably tell how long before they had to 
 erase the Indian Chief's name. Yet there was such a society 
 before this, of which John Watkins, now living near Joliet, our 
 first public school-master, was secretary, in 1833, and he may 
 know whether Sauganash and Shabonee had not preceeded Che- 
 che-pin-qua, in the good cause. 
 
 With Major Wilcox also came ist- Lieut. Louis T. Jamison, 
 from Virginia, who, as captain, resigned in 1838. He remained 
 here some time, and will be remembered by all our old settlers, 
 marrying for his second wife, (having lost his first one here, who 
 was from the Chippewa tribe of Indians), a daughter of Gen. Geo. 
 W. McClure, from New York, who distinguished himself in the 
 war of 1812, was an early settler near Dundee, in this State, and 
 died there August i6th, 1851, aged eighty. 
 
 Capt. Jamison became a sutler at camp Ringgold, in Texas, 
 near the close of the Mexican war, and died in that region. 
 There was a second - lieutenant, John T. Collinsworth, from 
 Tennessee, who resigned in 1836, went to Texas, where he was 
 made inspector - general, and died there January 28th, 1837. 
 There was also a second -lieutenant, James Allen, from Ohio, 
 uncle of Hon. B. F. Allen, of Des Moines, Iowa, and he was the 
 second man in charge of our Harbor Works. Among the young 
 officers ever stationed at our Fort, he is the most favorably 
 remembered, and was the most of a society man. He took 
 naturally to the company of which our promiscuous population
 
 34 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 was composed. There could be no social gathering without an 
 invitation to him. He was one of the people all the time. 
 When he went away to join his company the citizens unanimously 
 and successfully petitioned to have him sent back to be placed 
 in charge of our Harbor-Works. The present Chief of Engineers, 
 Gen. A. A. Humphreys, at Washington, writes me, "I went to 
 Chicago in the latter part of Sept., 1838, and relieved Capt. James 
 Allen." Mr. A. V. Knickerbocker, of this Cfty, has presented me, 
 for the Historical Society, some very interesting letters of his, 
 showing the genial character of the man, written to his father, of 
 the same name, who was for many years clerk of the Harbor 
 Department. Lieut. Allen was made captain of dragoons in 1837, 
 raised a brigade of Mormon volunteers, in the region of his com- 
 mand, for the Mexican war, and died, unmarried, at Fort Leaven- 
 worth, Aug. 23, 1846, on his route to New Mexico, then a part of 
 the enemy's territory. The first steamboat built in our City was 
 named for him. It was built near the forks of the river, on the 
 North-Side, and run from here to St. Joseph, Captain Pickering. 
 There were lively times on its deck in the evening, after our 
 young folks began to sing, 
 
 "Come, Uncle Mark,* tune your old violin, 
 And give us a dance on the Jim A1-//W." 
 
 On the i gth of June, 1833, our Fort had a new commandant, 
 Major George Bender, from Massachusetts, who resigned his 
 position in the army on the 3151 of October, thereafter, and died 
 in Washington City, without additional military service, Aug. 2ist, 
 1865. He commenced the work upon our harbor, the first appro- 
 priation therefor, of $25,000, having been made in 1833, the year 
 after the Black-Hawk war, its importance not having been appre- 
 ciated until Gen. Scott .was compelled to send his soldiers on 
 shore from steamboats, one-half of a mile out in the Lake. 
 
 Chicago has celebrated many occasions, all considered great 
 at the time. But the commencement of the harbor was the first 
 one. There are several now living who remember it. Capt. 
 Morgan L. Shapley, of Meridian, Texas, one of the first em- 
 ployes, writes me: 
 
 "There were two or three stores on South-Water Street. Mark 
 Beaubien, the noted fiddler, had a hotel at the head of Lake 
 Street. There were less than a dozen dwelling shanties in the 
 entire town. The first stone was procured about three miles up 
 the south branch of the river. The work was commenced on the 
 south side of the river. The ties and timber were procured upon 
 
 * See Appendix I.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 35 
 
 the Calumet River, and were rafted into the Lake. The next 
 year, 1834, the work was commenced upon the north side of the 
 river, Lieut. James Allen, superintending." 
 
 With Major Bender came Capt. Joseph Baxley, from Mary- 
 land, who continued at the Fort until he resigned from the army 
 on April ist, 1836. He lived with us some years thereafter, but 
 his subsequent history is unknown to me. There was a first- 
 lieutenant, Ephraim Kirby Smith, from Connecticut, who was 
 here until December, 1836. He became Major, distinguished 
 himself in the Mexican war, and was mortally wounded at the 
 battle of El Molino del Rey, dying September nth, 1847, near 
 City of Mexico. And there was a second-lieutenant, from Ten- 
 nessee, James L. Thompson, until December, 1836, who resigned 
 from the army, May i8th, 1846, and was drowned soon after in 
 the St. Clair River. He was son-in-law of Gen. Hugh Brady. 
 
 December i8th, 1833, Major John Greene, heretofore alluded 
 to, was sent back as successor of Major George Bender, in com- 
 mand of the post, who continued here until September 16, 1835. 
 There came here, October isth, 1835, a second-lieutenant, Alex- 
 ander H. Tappan, from Ohio, who continued until September, 
 1836, and resigned from the army, July 3ist, 1838. He resided 
 here until the Mexican war. when he joined Capt. T. B. Kenny's 
 company of the 5th Regiment of Illinois Volunteers, Col. E. W. 
 B. Newby. He was honorably discharged at the close of the 
 war, at Alton, 111., and has not since been heard from. 
 
 Capt. St. Clair Denny, from Pennsylvania, came in August, 
 1836, and remained until the Fort was abandoned. He resigned 
 from the army, April 3oth, 1839, and was afterward made pay- 
 master. I know nothing further of him. 
 
 The last commandant of the post was Brevet-Major Joseph 
 Plympton,* from Massachusetts, arriving on August ist, 1836. 
 He remained at the Fort until June or July, 1837, although the 
 soldiers were withdrawn on December 29th, 1836,^ in accordance 
 with the following order of Major-General Alexander Macomb, 
 dated November 3oth, 1836: 
 
 "The troops stationed at Fort Dearborn, Chicago, will imme- 
 diately proceed to Fort Howard and join the garrison at that 
 post. Such public property as may be left at Fort Dearborn will 
 remain in charge of Brevet-Major Plympton, of the 5th Infantry, 
 who will continue in command of the post until otherwise in- 
 structed." 
 
 I saw the last sentinel withdrawn from the entrance, and the 
 last soldier march out, and I heard the last salute fired from Fort 
 
 * See Appendix Q. t See Appendix K. 
 
 3
 
 36 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Dearborn.* For a while we missed the cannon's discharge at 
 sunrise and sunset. And soon sunrise and sunset lost their 
 significance in the measurement of Chicago time. 
 
 Major Plympton made many friends here, and frequently visited 
 us. His wife was a Livingston, from New York. He was brev- 
 etted a colonel for his meritorious services in the Mexican war, 
 after having distinguished himself in the Florida war. He was 
 promoted to colonel in 1853, and died June 5, 1860. He had a 
 son, Peter William Livingston Plympton, who graduated at West 
 Point, in 1847, and was a brevet-major when he died, at Galves- 
 ton, Texas, August 10, 1866, aged thirty-nine, and he had a 
 brother, Joseph R. Plympton, now living at Lake City, Florida, 
 and a sister Emily, who married Capt. Mansfield Lovell, a grad- 
 uate of West Point, in 1842, who distinguished himself in the 
 Mexican war. 
 
 The Fort was afterward taken charge of by the superintendent 
 of the harbor-works. Lieut. A. A. Humphreys, (now general), 
 from Pennsylvania, succeeded Capt. Allen, and he was succeeded 
 by 2nd-Lieut. Jesse H. Leavenworth, from Vermont, who resigned, 
 October 3ist, 1836, to become civil-engineer, but was retained 
 in government employ; and, at last dates, was Indian-agent at 
 some of our western posts. He and Mrs. Leavenworth are 
 favorably remembered for the manner in which they made the 
 Fort lively with their frequent elegant entertainments. They 
 were liberal in their invitations, and if their guests did not desire 
 to mingle generally, there were apartments enough in the Fort to 
 gratify all distinctive nationalities, conditions, or tastes; all amuse- 
 ments being in order from psalm-singing to dancing to the music 
 of Mark Beaubien's violin. 
 
 Next came Capt. John McClellan, from Pennsylvania, brother 
 of Gov. Robert McCleilan, of Michigan, who remained until the 
 harbor appropriation was expended, and then he went to the 
 Mexican war, where he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for meri- 
 torious services, and died soon after, unmarried. 
 
 Then came the late Gen. Joseph D. Webster, from New Hamp- 
 shire, as ist-lieutenant, who constructed the first Marine Hospital, 
 and remained in charge until the Illinois Central Railroad took 
 possession of all there was left of the Fort-Dearborn Reservation. 
 
 I have taken no account of the officers who came here with 
 Gen. Scott, July loth, 1832. He left Buffalo with four steamers, 
 
 * Opposite the name Fort Dearborn, in the Army Returns for the year 
 1837, is printed, "Garrison withdrawn May 10, 1837, and Capt. Louis T. 
 Jamison is the only person connected with the army in the Fort. " 
 
 See letter of Sergeant Joseph Adams, Appendix K.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 37 
 
 the Henry Clay, Superior, Sheldon Thompson, and William Penn. 
 But owing to the breaking out of the cholera, the steamers Henry 
 Clay and Superior were sent back from Fort Gratiot. I have a 
 letter from Captain A. Walker,* who commanded the Sheldon 
 Thompson at that time, saying: 
 
 "The disease became so alarming on the Henry Clay that 
 nothing like discipline could be preserved. Everything in the 
 way of subordination ceased. As soon as the steamer came to 
 the dock, each man sprang on shore, hoping to escape from a 
 scene so terrible and appalling. Some fled to the fields, some to 
 the woods, whilst others lay down in the streets and under the 
 cover of the river bank, where most of them died unwept and 
 alone. * * * Fort Dearborn was evacuated for the accom- 
 modation of sick troops. Major Wm. Whistler and Capt. Seth 
 Johnson, and many others, with their families, who had previously 
 occupied the barracks, took shelter wherever they could, some 
 under boards, placed obliquely across fences, and others in tents. 
 
 * * The Chicago River, at that time, was but a mere creek, 
 easily forded at its mouth, whilst it wended its way along the 
 beach, flowing into the lake a short distance south of the present 
 locality of Lake Street. * * * The only means of obtaining 
 anything for fuel was to purchase the useless log-building used as 
 a stable. That, together with the rail-fence enclosing a field of 
 some three acres near by, was sufficient to enable our boats to 
 reach Mackinaw on our return trip." 
 
 Gen. Winfield Scott, sometime after the Mexican war, told me 
 that he had often been in great danger, and that he had wit- 
 nessed a great deal of suffering, but he had never felt his entire 
 helplessness and need of Divine Providence as he did upon the 
 lakes in the midst of the Asiatic cholera. Sentinels were of no 
 use in warning of the enemy's approach. He could not storm 
 his works, fortify against him, nor cut his own way out, nor make 
 terms of capitulation. There was no respect for a flag of truce, 
 and his men were falling upon all sides from an enemy in his 
 very midst. And his responsibilities were never greater. Indian 
 massacres were demanding his utmost haste, and there were with 
 him the most of the class of West-Point graduates, to obtain their 
 first lesson in Indian warfare. There were forty-five in the class 
 of 1832. Twenty-nine of them left Buffalo for the Black-Hawk' 
 war, but were nearly all sent back from Fort Gratiot. I have 
 their names and official record. t Six only now belong to the 
 army, and of these six, five are upon the retired list, leaving only 
 Col. John N. Macomb, of the Engineers, in active service. 
 
 * See Appendix L. + See Appendix J.
 
 38 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Gen. Ward B. Burnett, a member of that class, from Pennsyl- 
 vania, one of the few now remaining, and the only one known to 
 me, visited this City last August, and, with fresh memory gave 
 me a full description of the scenes of those times. He was one 
 of those sent back in the steamer Henry day, from Fort Gratiot. 
 He afterward returned here, and, under the direction of Capt. 
 James Allen, he superintended the first harbor-works at Michi- 
 gan City and St. Joseph. He resigned, July 3151, 1836, and 
 became an engineer upon the Illinois-and-Michigan Canal, and 
 so continued until the suspension of the work thereon, in 1840. 
 He afterward went into the Mexican war, and so distinguished 
 himself that the gold snuff-box was presented to him, which had 
 originally been presented by the corporation of the city of New 
 York to Gen. Jackson, and was bequeathed in Gen. Jackson's 
 will to the corporation of New York again, in trust, for the best 
 soldier among its residents in the next war. Gen. Burnett also 
 distinguished himself in the war of the Rebellion. 
 
 On the 28th of May, 1835, Chicago had a sensation, and I am 
 sorry that I was not here to enjoy it. But many now living were 
 here. I have enjoyed almost every one since. Chicago has 
 ever be.en noted for its sensations, and that is one of the reasons 
 why I have never liked to leave it. You can not find any other 
 place that has so many of them. Why travel about when there 
 is so much of interest transpiring at home? On that day, Gen. 
 John B. Beaubien went to the public land-office and purchased, 
 for ninety-four dollars and sixty-one cents, the entire Fort-Dear- 
 born Reservation. He derived his military title from an election 
 by the people, not from any conspicuous military talents, but be- 
 cause he had the most friends of any one in town, and he kept 
 them to the day of his death. The State, at that time, was 
 divided into military districts, and the people elected the gen- 
 erals. He had lived upon the reservation many years, and he 
 had found some law, which satisfied our land-officers that he was 
 entitled to make the purchase, the same as many others have 
 found laws under which they could purchase our Lake-Front ever 
 since. The news spread. Everybody was a daily paper in those 
 days. We had but two newspapers then, and both were weeklies. 
 The people assembled in squads and discussed the situation. 
 The question was raised: did Gen. Beaubien buy the Fort with 
 the land? What were the officers to do? There was no telegraph 
 in those days. Gen. Beaubien was congratulated. He had 
 an entire Fort of his own. A conflict between the United States' 
 troops and the State militia might ensue. Gen. Beaubien, him- 
 self, was in command of the militia. Would he use them to
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 39 
 
 dispossess the United States' forces? Fancy yourselves here at 
 that time, and remember that the men of that day were the sub- 
 stratum of our present society, and you can appreciate how great 
 a day that of May 28th, 1835, was - The Receiver of Public 
 Moneys, at that time, was Hon. Edmund D. Taylor, now resid- 
 ing at Mendota, in this State, and for many years a resident of 
 this City. 
 
 Nothing serious happened, however, as a case was agreed upon 
 and submitted, in 1836, to Judge Thomas Ford, of the- Cook 
 County Circuit Court, at the October term, in the shape of an 
 action of ejectment, and entitled John Jackson ex dem. Murray 
 McConnell v. De Lafayette Wilcox. 
 
 The first time I ever saw Thos. Ford, who afterward gained such 
 a splendid reputation as our Canal-Governor, and as historian of 
 our State, was when, in Nov., 1836, he called at my office and 
 left his written opinion to be published in my Chicago Democrat. 
 His opinion was very elaborate, and just as favorable to the plain- 
 tiff as it could possibly be, whilst he decided against him. He 
 thought Gen. Beaubien's purchase was entirely legal, but that his 
 title could not be enforced until he had procured his patent from 
 Washington; which one thing needful he was never to procure. 
 The suit was appealed to the State supreme court, where Justice 
 Theophilus W. Smith, in behalf of a majority of the court, gave 
 a long and exhaustive opinion, very valuable to this day as a 
 historical document, reversing the decision of the Court below.* 
 Justice Smith was a resident of this City, father-in-law of ex-Mayor 
 Levi D. Boone. He was a warm, personal friend of Gen. Beau- 
 bien, and his learned opinion was the work of both heart and 
 head. I have often met him at the General's entertainments. 
 The suit was then taken to the United States Supreme Court, 
 where another very elaborate opinion, and one very valuable as a 
 historical document to this day, was given; which effectually wiped 
 out every pretence to a claim that Gen. Beaubien had. On De- 
 cember 1 8th, 1840, he was glad to call at the land -office and 
 receive his money back, without interest.t 
 
 Upon April 23d, 1839, Hon. Joel R. Poinsett, Secretary of 
 War, appointed Hon. Matthew Burchard, then Solicitor of the 
 General Land-Office, the agent of the Department, to come to 
 Chicago and sell the reservation. Judge Burchard caused the 
 land to be surveyed and platted as Fort-Dearborn Addition to 
 Chicago. His survey made the reservation contain 53)4 acres; 
 being 3^ acres less than the quantity marked upon the original 
 official plat, the quantity having been diminished, it was sup- 
 
 * See Scammoris Reports, vol. i. t See Peters' United States Reports, vol. viii.
 
 4O FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 posed, by abrasions caused by the action of the water of the 
 Lake. All was sold except what was needed for the occupants of 
 the public buildings, and there was realized from the sale what 
 was considered at that time the great sum of $106,042.* 
 
 At this time, Chicago had another sensation. Gen. Beaubien 
 had subdivided the land and sold, or given away, his interest in 
 a great many lots. The owners of such rights undertook to 
 shape a public sentiment so as to prevent any one from bid- 
 ding against them at the time of the sale. The very numerous 
 friends of Gen. Beaubien and his family, sympathized with such 
 a movement. It would be difficult to mention any man of any 
 official prominence or aspirations, from the Judge of our Supreme 
 Court to the humblest citizen, who did not favor non-intervention. 
 Politics also were running very high. The next year, President 
 Martin VanBuren would seek a reelection, and many interested 
 and sympathizing were his political supporters, and they argued 
 that it would injure the party if the poor people of the West 
 were to be outbid by Eastern speculators. Threats of personal 
 violence were not unfrequently made. Out of the party clamor 
 grew the dedication of Dearborn Park. It was thought a great 
 thing to give so large a tract for a public park. We had nothing 
 of the kind then. It was thought, by the Democratic-party 
 leaders, a measure that would greatly benefit the administration 
 in this region. Yet Judge Burchard dared not have an open sale; 
 and resolved to advertise for sealed bids for a portion of the lots 
 daily, with a determination to reject bids which he thought too 
 low, and to stop the sale if he found the people were influenced 
 by intimidation. Everything proceeded satisfactorily until the 
 lots upon which Gen. Beaubien lived were to be offered. He was 
 expected to procure his homestead for a nominal sum merely, 
 and violent threats were made against any man who dared bid 
 against him. But there was one man, James H. Collins, and I 
 think the only man in the City who dared do this; who had 
 denounced the whole transaction from the . beginning in every 
 place he had an opportunity. He had denounced the land- 
 officers and the Judges of the Courts. He was one of the 
 earliest Abolitionists in our State, and would shelter fugitive 
 slaves, and would travel any distance to defend one when cap- 
 tured, or defend a man who was arrested for assisting one to his 
 freedom. He was a man of ability and integrity, and took great 
 delight in defying popular clamor. He took an average of the 
 price at previous sales and put in his sealed bid, thereby securing 
 
 * A detailed account of this sale, with names of purchasers, may be found 
 in No. 2 of Fergus' Historical Series Chicago Directory for 1839, page 47.
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 4! 
 
 all the land which Gen. Beaubien desired, being the land upon 
 the east side of Michigan Avenue, in Block 5, between South- 
 Water Street and the lots reserved, where the Marine Hospital 
 afterward was, except the corner lot, known as lot n, for which 
 Gen. Beaubien paid $225. Mr. Collins bid $1049 for the 
 next five lots, 10, 9, 8, 7, and 6, where Beaubien's house, out- 
 buildings, and garden were. His life was threatened. He was 
 burnt in effigy. Many indignities were put upon him. To all 
 this he bid defiance, asserting that the friends of Gen. Beaubien 
 might possibly take his life, but they could never have his land. 
 He was one of Chicago's ablest lawyers, the candidate of the 
 early Abolitionists for Congress, and far the ablest man in their 
 organization. Had he lived a few years longer, he, unquestion- 
 ably, would have been assigned to some one of the highest posi- 
 tions in the country. Thus Gen. Beaubien lost his old home- 
 stead, except this one lot which he soon sold as insufficient for 
 him ; and not one who claimed under him was successful in pro- 
 curing a lot. If you wish to find the traditional residence of Gen. 
 Jean Baptiste Beaubien, after he moved from what was before 
 known as the John-Dean house, go east upon South-Water Street 
 until you come to the north-east corner of South- Water Street and 
 Michigan Ave., and you will find it. Gen. Beaubien subsequently 
 moved to near what is now River Park, on the Desplaines River, 
 in this county, near the reservation of Alex. Robinson, the Indian 
 chief. The General died at Naperville, DuPage Co., Jan. 5, 1863. 
 
 At the session of Congress, in 1848, I succeeded in procuring 
 an amendment to the Naval Appropriation Bill, appropriating 
 $10,000 for the construction of a Marine Hospital on such site as 
 should be selected by the Secretary of the Treasury on the lands 
 owned by the United States. It was one of my best arguments, 
 for the appropriation, that the Government already owned the 
 land for the site. This took up another portion of the Reserva- 
 tion, it being upon the northern portion of block 5, fronting 
 Michigan Avenue and being upon the east side thereof, and ad- 
 joining and north of the lots Mr. Collins bought. It was not until 
 September 17, 1850, that I was enabled to telegraph to you, from 
 Congress, that we had secured the Illinois-Central-Railroad grant.* 
 And it was not until the i4th day of October, 1852, that Hon. 
 Charles M. Conrad, Secretary of War, in consideration of $45,000, 
 made the deed of what was unoccupied of the Reservation to that 
 company, in which was the following preamble: "Whereas the 
 military site of Fort Dearborn, commonly known as the Fort- 
 Dearborn Reservation, at Chicago, Illinois, has become useless 
 
 * See Appendix M.
 
 42 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 for military purposes, and the tract thereof not being used or 
 necessary for the site of a fort or for any other authorized pur- 
 poses, has been sold," etc., etc. The railroad company, com- 
 plaining that it paid this sum of $45,000 from necessity and under 
 protest in order to expedite their road into the City and insisting 
 that the land was included in the grant made by Congress, which 
 
 1, who took an active part in framing and passing the law, could 
 not endorse, brought suit in the Court of Claims,* at Washington, 
 for refunding the money. The court decided against the claim. 
 
 I have thus shown you how the entire Reservation was disposed 
 of, except what would make about eight full lots, upon which the 
 old light-house was located, or near it. They were not needed 
 for light-house purposes; and were lots i to 6 in block 4, frac- 
 tional lots 8 and 9 in block 2, and the north 34 feet of lot i in 
 block 5, all near the Rush-Street bridge.t James F. Joy bought 
 for the Railroad Company (Michigan Central or Illinois Central,, 
 or both jointly) the land occupied by the Marine-Hospital build- 
 ing, being the south ten feet of lot i and lots 2, 3, 4, and 5 in 
 block 5. The hospital was burned in the great fire of 1871. 
 
 The Government had erected a new light-house at the end of 
 the North Pier. I was in Congress, and the thought occurred to 
 me that the best way to dispose of the remaining land upon which 
 the old light-house and other necessary Government buildings 
 had been located was to present it to that kind-hearted and 
 popular old pioneer, Gen. Jean Baptiste Beaubien. And it was 
 so done by an act approved Aug. i, 1854. And there was not a 
 citizen of Chicago who knew him who ever questioned its pro- 
 priety, to my knowledge. The last man in charge of the old light- 
 house was that genial old settler, his brother Mark, who passed 
 away on the nth of April, 1881, aged 81 years. He came here, 
 from Detroit, in 1826, where he resided at the time of Gen. Hull's 
 surrender and he witnessed it. He brought a violin with him and 
 
 * See U.S. Senate Miscel. Doc., No. 145, 1st Session of 35th Congress. 
 
 t EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF HON. MATHEVV BURCHARD, AGENT 
 OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT, DATED Nov. 21, 1840. "By the official plat 
 herewjth enclosed, it will be seen that block i, and lots 8, 9, and 10 in block 
 
 2, lots i, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in block 4, and lots I, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in block 5. 
 are colored blue. These were reserved from sale, and embrace all the 
 grounds occupied by the light-house, keeper's dwelling, and fortress of Fort 
 Dearborn within the pickets, including the officers' quarters and barracks. 
 This ground is very valuable. My object in reserving so much property was- 
 to secure and protect the Light, which is 'situated on lot 8 of block 2, from, 
 obstruction by private buildings which otherwise might have been erected 
 between its present position and Lake Michigan, also to afford room and 
 shops for the superintendent of the public works. " [By such officers it was 
 occupied for some fifteen years.]
 
 BY HON. JOHN WENTWQRTH. 
 
 43 
 
 U. S. Marine Hospital. Big Locust Tree. 
 
 Storehouse, Magazine. Block-house. 
 
 Soldier's Barracks. Officer's Quarters. Light-house. 
 
 Stables, Artillery. Commandant's Quarters. Light-keeper's House. 
 
 Ferry Slip. 
 
 FORT DEARBORN IN 1850.* 
 
 * The above is a very good representation of the Fort, in 1850, from a da- 
 guerrotype, by Polycarpus von Schneidau, a Swedish nobleman, taken from 
 the south front of the Lake House, which was situated on the east side of 
 Rush Street, extending from Michigan to Kinzie (now called North- Water) 
 Streets. The ferry, shown in the foreground, landed on the North-Side, 
 about where the " Empire Warehouse " now is. The building faintly shown 
 between the block -house and the light-keeper's, is the residence of the late 
 "Judge" Henry Fuller, and was just outside of the Fort enclosure, and the 
 ground is now covered by Spaulding & Merrick's tobacco works. There was 
 another building in the Fort enclosure, not shown in this view, just east of 
 the block-house; were the officers' quarters in this view removed, it would 
 appear as if in front of the large locust-tree, and was the quartermaster's or 
 sutler's quarters. The parade-ground was between the commandant's, 
 officers', and sutler's quarters on the west, and the building where the artillery 
 was housed, the soldier's barracks, and the storehouse on the east; and was 
 about 80 feet wide, and extended from the river bank south, the full length 
 of the enclosure say 400 feet; near its southern extremity was a gentle rise 
 of ground or knoll, in the centre of which was an 8-inch piece of square 
 timber, imbedded in the earth, placed upright, about 2 feet high, upon the 
 top of which was a brass plate on which had been a sun-dial. South of this 
 sun-dial, say 100 feet, was a turn-style through which you entered the Fort 
 enclosure from the centre of Michigan Avenue, which then commenced at this 
 point. The whole Fort enclosure was surrounded by a rough-board fence, 
 white-washed, about 6 feet high; the pickets having been removed at an 
 earlier date. The kitchen-garden was in the south-west corner of the enclos-
 
 44 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 and with it made more hearts merry than any man who ever lived 
 in Chicago. He requested that it be given to me upon his death- 
 bed, and upon the evening of the iQth of May, 1881, I presented 
 it to the Calumet Club, whose members ever delighted to enter- 
 tain him.* He was Mark Beaubien, a brother of Gen. John B. 
 Beaubien, who claimed to have brought the first piano to our City, 
 which is yet in good tune with his granddaughter, Mrs. Sophia 
 Ogee, daughter of the late Chas. Beaubien, now living in Silver 
 Lake, Kansas. When I came here, on October 25th, 1836, there 
 was no other piano on the South-Side and none on the West. So 
 much has been said and written of these two brothers in connec- 
 tion with early Chicago, and all in kindness and commendation, 
 that I will forego the promptings of my heart at this time respect- 
 ing them. Yet the Beaubiens and that piano and that fiddle are 
 inseparably connected with the history of the Fort- Dearborn 
 Reservation. For years, John B. was the only resident upon it 
 outside the Fort; and, when the light which had so long illumi- 
 nated our Lake, under the superintendence of his brother Mark, 
 was extinguished, Congress gave to him what was left of its foun- 
 dation and surroundings, after widening the river. 
 
 A light-houset was established here, by an Act of Congress, 
 March 3, 1831. It fell:}: soon after completion, in October of 
 that year; but it was soon rebuilt. Samuel C. Lasby was the 
 first keeper. When I came here, in 1836, William M. Stevens 
 was keeper; then John C. Gibson; then William M. Stevens 
 again. President Harrison appointed Silas Meacham; President 
 Polk, James Long; President Taylor, Chas. Douglass; President 
 Pierce, Henry Fuller; and President Buchanan, Mark Beaubien. 
 The annual salary was all the while $350. These men are all 
 numbered with the dead. And so are nearly all those who ever 
 occupied the Fort, some falling in the War of 1812, some in sub- 
 sequent Indian wars, some in the Mexican war, and some in the 
 war to protect and perpetuate a union in defence of which the 
 others had fallen. We have marked the site and written the his- 
 tory of old Fort Dearborn. All else has given way to the march 
 of commerce. But the name remains, a name associated with all 
 the thrilling scenes of the American Revolution, from Bunker Hill 
 to Yorktown, from the capture of Burgoyne to that of Cornwallis. 
 
 ure. The street or road shown in above view between the block-house and 
 the light-keeper's is River Street. The piles, upon which the turn-table of 
 the present bridge at Rush Street was built, were driven (at about the spot, 
 indicated in the above view, where the boat is partly drawn ashore) part in 
 the bank of the River and part in the water; and the channel south of this 
 turn-table has since been excavated. F. 
 
 * See Appendix N. t See Appendix O. * See Appendix P.
 
 From an Ivory Minature in the possession of his grand-nephew, Hon. Oarius Hcald.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 A. 
 THE WELLS FAMILY. 
 
 The descendants of Col. Samuel Wells and Capt. William Wells claim 
 that their parents were Virginians, and some say that both Samuel and 
 William were born there. Gardner's Army Dictionary states that both came 
 into the U.S. service from Kentucky. Mrs. Capt. Heald, the daughter of 
 Col. Samuel, was married at Louisville, Ky. Capt. William was stolen when 
 about twelve years of age, from the residence of the Hon. Nathaniel Pope, of 
 Kentucky, by the Miami Indians, and was adopted as a son by Me-che-kau- 
 nah-qua or Little Turtle, one of the most distinguished warriors and leaders 
 of his day, who was half-Mohican and half-Miami. Capt. Wells fought upon 
 the side of the Indians and distinguished himself in their defeat of Gen. 
 Josiah Harmar, in 1790, and in their defeat of Gen. Arthur St. Clair, in 1791. 
 They had great admiration for his dash and courage. About the time that 
 Gen. Anthony Wayne was appointed to take command of the Western army, 
 Capt. Wells began to realize that he was fighting against his own kindred 
 and might kill some of them in battle, and resolved to sever his connection 
 with the Indians. He invited the chief of Miamis, Little Turtle, to accom- 
 pany him to a point on the Maumee, about two miles east of Fort Wayne, 
 long known as the "Big Elm," where he thus addressed him: "Father, we 
 have long been friends. I now leave you to go to my own people. We will 
 be friends until the sun reaches its mid-day height. From that time, we will 
 be enemies; and, if you want to kill me then, you may. And, if I want to 
 kill you, I may." He set out immediately for Gen. Wayne's army, was 
 made captain of a company of spies, and fought with him until the treaty of 
 peace at Greenville, in 1795. After that, he was joined by his wife, who was a 
 daughter of Little Turtle, and his children. He lived with Little Turtle, at 
 Fort Wayne; they were always fast friends; and after the peace of Greenville, 
 in 1795, was declared under Wayne's treaty, Capt. Wells accompanied Little 
 Turtle to Washington, and they together visited nearly all the Eastern Cities. 
 Little Turtle died at Fort Wayne, Ind., 14 July, 1812. Capt. Wells settled 
 upon a farm and was afterward made Indian-agent and Justice-of-the- Peace. 
 His Indian name signified Black-Snake. His correspondence preserved in the 
 American Slate Papers, as well as many manuscripts still in existence, (some of 
 which being now in my possession), show that he was a good scholar for his 
 times. He had one other Indian wife, a Weah woman, and one American 
 wife who survived him. His childien were all well educated. The most of 
 them were by Wa-nan-ga-peth, the daughter of Little Turtle, and they all 
 were as follows: 
 
 Ah-pez-zah-quah Ann Wells married Dr. Win. Turner, of Fort Wayne, 
 Indiana, died childless, July 26, 1834. 
 
 Pe-me-sah-quah Rebekah Wells married Capt. Hackley, of Fort Wayne, 
 and died June 14, 1835, leaving Ann and John. 
 
 Ah-mah-quau-zah-quuah (a sweet breeze) Mary Wells, born at Fort 
 Wayne, Indiana, May 10, 1800, married Judge James Wolcott, (who was from 
 Torrington, Connecticut, and is said to have been cousin of our original Dr. 
 Alexander Wolcott), at St. Louis, Mo., March 8, 1821. She died at Maumee 
 City, (now South Toledo), Ohio, February 19, 1843. He died there January
 
 46 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 5, 1873, having remarried and having children by his second wife. lie lived 
 at Fort Wayne (which had ever been the home of the Wells family) until 
 1826, when he removed to South Toledo, O. Frederick Allen Wolcott was 
 killed before Atlanta, Ga., July 22d, 1864. 
 
 Wa-pe-mong-gah William Wayne Wells, graduated at West Point, in 
 1821, and is alluded to in the Address. 
 
 Jane Wells married Mathew or Samuel Griggs, and now lives at Peru, 
 Indiana, and has children. 
 
 Samuel G. Wells died childless. 
 Yelberton P. Weils died, leaving one child, at St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Juliana Wells, died childless. 
 
 All those having Indian names claimed that their names were given them 
 by their grandfather, Little Turtle. 
 
 Hon. J. L. Williams, in his History of the First Presbyterian Church of Fort 
 Wayne, says: "Of the first members of this church, two were half-breed 
 Indians, Mrs. Turner and Mrs. Hackley, who had before (in 1820) joined the 
 Baptist Church, under the labors of Rev. Mr. McCoy, missionary to the 
 Indians at Fort Wayne. They were educated in Kentucky, and are yet kindly 
 remembered as ladies of refinement and intelligent piety." Mrs. Wolcott, 
 was a zealous Episcopalian, having united herself with the first church of that 
 order upon the Maumee River, east of Fort Wayne. 
 
 The following children of Judge James and Ah-mah-quau-zah-quuah 
 (Wells) Wolcott are now living: William Wells Wolcott, Toledo, Ohio; 
 Mary Ann Wolcott, now Mrs. Gilbert, South Toledo, Ohio; Henry Clay 
 Wolcott, South Toledo, Ohio; James Madison Wolcott, South Toledo, Ohio. 
 The latter writes: "We are proud of our Indian (Little Turtle) blood, and 
 of our Capt. Wells blood. We try to keep up the customs of our ancestors, 
 and dress occasionally in Indian costumes. We take no exceptions when 
 people speak of our Indian parentage. We take pleasure in sending to you 
 the tomahawk which Capt. William Wells had at the time of his death, and 
 which was brought to his family by an Indian who was in the battle. We 
 also have a dress-sword, which was presented to him by Gen. William H. 
 Harrison, and a great many books which he had; showing that, even when 
 he lived among the Indians, he was trying to improve himself. He did all he 
 could to educate his children. " Capt. Wells, in the year of his death, sent 
 to President Madison, at Little Turtle's request, the interpretation of the 
 speech that that chief made to Gen. W. H. Harrison, January 25," 1812. 
 
 B. 
 
 STATEMENT COMPILED FROM THE RECORDS OF THE ADJUTANT-GEN- 
 ERAL'S OFFICE, IN THE CASE OF FORT DEARBORN, WITH COPIES 
 OF ORDERS: 
 
 STATEMENT : 
 
 Fort Dearborn, situated at Chicago, 111., within a few yards of Lake Michi- 
 gan; Latitude 41 51' North; Longitude 87 15' West. Post established by 
 the United States forces in 1804. [From 1804-12, no records are on file.] 
 
 August 1 5th, 1812, the garrison having evacuated the post and were^w route 
 for Ft. Wayne, under the command of Capt. Nathan Heald, 1st U. S. Infan- 
 try, composed of 54 Regular Infantry, 12 Militia-men, and i Interpreter, was 
 attacked by Indians, to the number of between 400 and 500, of whom 15 were 
 reported killed. Those of the garrison killed were Ensign George Ronan, ist 
 Infantry, Dr. Isaac V. VanVoorhis, Capt. Wells, Interpreter, 24 enlisted men 
 U. S. Infantry, and 12 militia-men; 2 women and 12 children were also killed.
 
 APPENDIX OFFICIAL RECORDS. 47 
 
 The wounded were Capt. Nathan Heald and Mrs. Heald. None others 
 reported. The next day, August 16, 1812, the post was destroyed by the 
 Indians, Re-occupied about June, 1816, Capt. Hezekiah Bradley, 3d Infan- 
 try, commanding; the troops continued in occupation until October, 1823, 
 when the post was evacuated and left in charge of the Indian agent; it was 
 re-occupied October 3, 1828. 
 
 Capt. Hezekiah Bradley, 3d Infantry, commanded the post from June, 
 1816, to May, 1817; Brevet-Major D. Baker, 3d Infantry, to June, 1820; 
 Capt. Hezekiah Bradley, 3d Infantry, to January, 1821; Major Alex. 
 Cummings, 3d Infantry, to October, 1821; Lieut.-Col. J. MoNeal, 3d In- 
 fantry, to July, 1823; Capt. John Greene, 3d Infantry; to October, 1823; 
 post not garrisoned from October, 1823, to October, 1828. No returns of 
 post on file prior to 1828. 
 
 COPIES OF ORDERS: 
 
 Order No. 35. Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, 27 May, 1823. 
 
 The Major-General, commanding the army, directs that Fort Dearborn, 
 Chicago, be evacuated, and that the garrison thereof be withdrawn to the 
 headquarters of the 3d Regiment of Infantry. 
 
 One company of the 3d Regiment of Infantry will proceed to Mackinac and 
 relieve the company of Artillery now stationed there, which, with the company 
 of Artillery at Fort Shelby, Detroit, will be withdrawn and ordered to the 
 Harbor of New York. 
 
 The Commanding-General of the Eastern Department will give the neces- 
 sary orders for carrying these movements into effect as well as for the security 
 of the public property at Forts Dearborn and Shelby. 
 
 By order of MAJOR-GENERAL BROWN, 
 (Signed) CHAS. J. NOURSE, Act'g Adjutant-General. 
 
 Order No. 44. Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, 19 Aug., 1828. 
 
 [EXTRACT.] In conformity with the directions of the Secretary of War, 
 the following movements of the troops will be made without delay : 
 
 I. Two companies of the 5th Regiment of Infantry to re-occupy Fort 
 Dearborn, at the head of Lake Michigan; the remaining eight companies to 
 proceed, by the way of the Ouisconsin and Fox Rivers, to Fort Howard, 
 Green Bay, where the headquarters of the Regiment will be established. 
 
 Four Go's of this Reg't to constitute the garrison of Ft. Howard; two Go's, 
 the garrison for Michilimackinac, and two for that of Ft. Brady. * * 
 
 4. The Quartermaster-General's Department to furnish the necessary trans- 
 portation and supplies for the movement and accommodation of the troops. 
 
 The Subsistence department to furnish the necessary surplus of provisions. 
 The Surgeon-General to provide Medical Officers and suitable Hospital 
 supplies for the posts to be established and re-occupied. 
 
 5. The Commanding-Generals of the Eastern and Western Departments 
 are respectively charged with the execution of this Order, as far as relates to 
 their respective commands. 
 
 By order of MAJOR-GENERAL MACOMB, 
 
 (Signed) R. JONES, Adjutant-General. 
 
 Order No. 5. Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, 31 March, 1831. 
 
 [EXTRACT.] I. The Post of Chicago will be evacuated as early as prac- 
 ticable, and the garrison, consisting of two companies of the 5th Regiment of 
 Infantry, will proceed to Green Bay, and occupy Fort Howard. 
 
 By order of ALEXANDER MACOMB, 
 
 Major-General, Commanding the Army, 
 
 (Signed) R. JONES, Adjutant- General.
 
 48 
 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 DIFFERENT PERIODS, AFTER OCT. 30, 1828, 
 UTV AT THE POST, FROM TIME TO TIME: 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 830, Commanding Post. [May 2O> , 83I . 
 
 Commanding post from Dec. 14, 1830, to 
 
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 1832,^ No returns between June and Oct., '32. 
 1833, "Fort Dearborn having become a Gen- 
 ,g,, j eral Hospital, on the n July last, no 
 > returns were rendered until its re-occu- 
 '33> j pation. "G" and "I," 2d Inf., returned 
 1833. 1 to post on ist of Oct. from campaign." 
 
 1833. ) [Ytde return of Fost for October, 1832.] 
 L 
 833, Commanding Post. 
 36, Com'd'g post from Oct. 31 to Dec. 18, '33, 
 c and from Sept. 16, '35, to Aug. i, '36. 
 
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 APPENDIX CONTEMPORANEOUS. 49 
 
 Order No. 17. Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, 23 Feb., 1832. 
 
 (COPY. ) The head-quarters of the 2d Regiment of Infantry are transferred 
 to Fort Niagara. Lieut. -Col. Cummings, with all the officers and men com- 
 posing the garrison of Madison Barracks, Sacketts' Harbor, will accordingly 
 relieve the garrison of Fort Niagara; and Major Whistler, of the 2d Infantry, 
 on being relieved by Lieut. -Col. Cummings, with all the troops under his 
 command, will repair to Fort Dearborn (Chicago, Illinois) and garrison that 
 post. 
 
 Assistant- Surgeon DeCamp, now on duty at Madison Barracks, is assigned 
 to duty at Fort Dearborn, and will accompany the troops ordered to that post. 
 
 These movements will take place as soon as the navigation will permit. 
 By order of MAJOR-GENERAL MACOMB, 
 
 (Signed) R. JONES, Adjutant- General. 
 
 General Order, Head-quarters of the Army, 
 
 No. 80. Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, Nov. 30, 1836. 
 
 [EXTRACT.] I. The troops stationed at Fort Dearborn, Chicago, will 
 immediately proceed to Fort Howard and join the garrison at that post. Such 
 public property as may be left at Fort Dearborn will remain in charge of 
 Brevet-Major Plympton, of the 5th Infantry, who will continue in command 
 of the post until otherwise instructed. * 
 
 By order of ALEXANDER MACOMB, Maj.-Gen. Com'd'g-in-Chief, 
 
 (Signed) R. JONES, Adjutant- General. 
 Adjutant's -General's Office, 
 
 Washington, April 2, 1881. 
 
 OFFICIAL, (Signed) C. McKEEVER, 
 
 Assistant- Adjutant General in charge. 
 
 C. 
 
 CONTEMPORANEOUS ACCOUNTS. 
 
 Mathew Irwin, [or Irvine], Indian agent, writes from Chicago, May I3th, 
 
 1811, to the Secretary of War: 
 "An assemblage of the Indians is to take place on a branch of the Illinois, 
 
 by the influence of the Prophet. The result will be hostile in the event of 
 
 war with Great Britain." 
 
 Salienne, Indian interpreter at Chicago, writes under date of June 2, 1811 : 
 " Several horses have been stolen. The Indians in this quarter are inclined 
 
 to hostility. " 
 John Johnston, [who was U. S. factor at Fort Wayne], writes from Piqua- 
 
 Town, Ohio, under date of May i, 1812: 
 
 "The Indians have recently murdered two men at Fort Dearborn." 
 
 Mathew Irwin [or Irvine] writes, Chicago, loth March, 1812 : 
 
 "The Chippewa and Ottawa nations, hearing that the Winnebagoes and 
 
 Pottawatomies are hostilely inclined toward the whites, sent speeches among 
 
 them, desiring them to change their sentiments, and live in peace with the 
 
 whites." April 16, 1812 : "On the 6th, a party often or eleven Indians 
 
 surrounded a small farm-house, on Chicago River, and killed two men. The 
 
 Indians are of the Winnebago tribe. " 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS FROM CAPTAIN HEALD: 
 
 CHICAGO, yth February, 1812. 
 
 An express arrived at the post on the 1st instant, from Gen. [William, 
 afterward Governor of Missouri,] Clark. He was sent for the purpose of
 
 50 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 finding out the disposition of the Indians; he was a Frenchman, and well 
 acquainted with the Indians. He told me, that the Indians on the Illinois 
 were hostile disposed towards the United States, and that the war between 
 the Indians and the white people had just commenced, alluding to the late 
 battle on the Wabash, [Tippecanoe.] 
 
 An express arrived here on the first of the month from St. Louis, sent by 
 Gen. Clark, Indian-agent of that place, for the purpose of finding out the dis- 
 position of the Indians, between here and there. This express is a French- 
 man, who is well acquainted with the Indians, and he is of opinion that there 
 are many of them determined to continue the war against the whites. 
 
 CHICAGO, March n, 1812. 
 
 I have been informed, and believe it to be true, that the Winnebagoes 
 have lately attacked some traders on the Mississippi, near the lead mines; it 
 is said they killed two Americans and eat them up, and took all their goods; 
 there are two French traders whom they robbed of all their goods and 
 suffered them to go off alive. This news came to me from a Frenchman, at 
 Millwaike, who has been to the Winnebago nation. The Winnebagoes who 
 escaped from the Prophet's town, are still in the neighborhood. 
 
 CHICAGO, April i5th, 1812. 
 
 The Indians have commenced hostilities in this quarter. On the 6th inst., 
 a little before sunset, a party of eleven Indians, supposed to be Winnebagoes, 
 came to Messrs. Russel and See's cabin, in a field on the Portage branch of 
 the Chicago River, about three miles from the garrison, where they murdered 
 two men, one by the name of Liberty White, an American, and the other a 
 Canadian Frenchman, whose name I do not know. White received two balls 
 through his body; nine stabs with a knife in his breast, and one in his hip, his 
 throat was cut from ear to ear, his nose and lips were taken off in one piece, 
 and his head skinned almost as far round as they could find any hair. The 
 Frenchman was only shot through the neck and scalped. Since the murder 
 of these two men, one or two other parties of Indians have been lurking 
 about us, but we have been so much on our guard that they have not been 
 able to get any scalps. 
 
 [See Mrs. Kinzie's Watt-bun, pp. 203-47, f r a fuller account of this affair.] 
 
 From Niles' Weekly Register, Vol. iii., p. 79, October 3d, 1812. 
 FALL OF FORT DEARBORN AT CHICAWGO. Yesterday afternoon the 
 Queen Charlotte arrived at Fort Erie, seven days from Detroit. A flag 
 of truce soon landed at Buffalo Creek, Major Atwater and Lieut. J. L. 
 Eastman, who gave the following account of the fall of Fort Dearborn. 
 On the ist of September, a Pottawatomie chief arrived at Detroit, and stated, 
 that about the middle of August, Capt. Wells, from Fort Wayne, (an inter- 
 preter) arrived at Fort Dearborn to advise the commandant of that Fort to 
 evacuate it and retreat. In the meantime a large body of Indians of different 
 nations had collected and menaced the garrison. A council was held with 
 the Indians, in which it was agreed that the party in the garrison should be 
 spared on condition that nil property in the Fort should be given up. The 
 Americans marched out but were fired upon and nearly all killed. There 
 were about fifty men in the Fort besides women and children, and probably 
 not more than ten or twelve taken prisoners. Capt. Wells and Heald (the 
 commandant) were killed. Buffalo Gazette, [date not given]. 
 
 From Niles' Weekly Register, May 8th, 1813, Vol. iv., p. 160. 
 EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM WALTER JORDAN, A NON-COMMISSIONED 
 OFFICER OF THE REGULARS AT FORT WAYNE, TO HIS WIFE IN ALLE- 
 GHENY COUNTY, DATED FORT WAYNE, OCTOBER 19, 1812: I take my
 
 APPENDIX CONTEMPORANEOUS. 5 I 
 
 pen to inform you thU I am well, after a long a perilous journey through 
 the Indian country. Capt. Wells, myself, and an hundred friendly Indians, 
 left Fort Wayne on the 1st of August, to escort Captain Heald from 
 Fort Chicauga as he was in danger of being captured by the British. Orders 
 had been given to abandon that Fort and retreat to Fort Wayne, a distance 
 of 150 miles. We reached Chicauga on the loth of August, and on the I5th 
 we prepared for an immediate march, burning all that we could not fetch 
 with us. On the I5th, at 8 o'clock, we commenced our march with our small 
 force, which consisted of Capt. Wells, myself, and 100 Confute Indians, Capt. 
 Heald's 100 men, 10 women, and 20 children in all 232. We had marched 
 half a mile when we were attacked by 600 Kickapoo and Wynbago 
 Indians. In the moment of trial our Confute savages joined the savage 
 enemy. Our contest lasted ten minutes, when every man, woman, and child 
 was killed except fifteen. Thanks be to God I was one of those who escaped. 
 First they shot the feather off my cap, next the epaulet from my shoulder, 
 and then the handle from my sword. I then surrendered to four savage 
 rascals. The Confute chief, taking me by the hand and speaking English 
 said, "Jordan, I know you ; you gave me tobacco at Fort Wayne. We 
 won't kill you, but come and see what we will do with your captain. " So 
 leading me to where Wells lay, they cut off his head and put it on a long 
 pole, while another took out his heart and divided it among the chiefs and 
 ate it up raw. Then they scalped the slain and stripped the prisoners, and 
 gathered in a ring with us fifteen poor wretches in the middle. They had 
 nearly all fallen out about the divide, but my old chief, the White Raccoon, 
 holding me fast, they made the divide and departed to their towns. They tied 
 me hard and fast that night, and placed a guard over me. I lay down 
 and slept soundly until morning, for I was tired. In the morning they untied 
 me and set me parching corn, at which I worked attentively until night. 
 They said that if I would stay and not run away, that they would make a 
 chief of me; but if I would attempt to run away they would catch me and 
 burn me alive. I amused them with a fine story in order to gain their confi- 
 dence, and, fortunately, made my escape from them on the igth of August, 
 and took one of their best horses to carry me, being seven days in the wilder- 
 ness. I was joyfully received at Wayne on the 26th. On the 28th they 
 attacked the P'ort and blockaded us until the i6th of September, when we 
 were relieved by Gen. Harrison. 
 
 From Niles' Weekly Register, Vol. 3, p. 155, Nov. yth, 1812-13. 
 EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM CAPT. HEALD, LATE COMMANDANT AT 
 FORT CHICAGO, DATED AT PITTSBURGH, OCTOBER 23, 1812: On the 
 9th of August, I received orders from Gen. Hull, to evacuate the post, and 
 proceed, with my command, to Detroit by land, leaving it at my discretion to 
 dispose of the public property as I thought proper. The neighboring Indians 
 got the information as early as I did, and came in from all quarters in order 
 to receive the goods in the factory-store, which they understood were to be 
 given them. On the I3th, Capt. Wells, of Fort Wayne, arrived with about 
 thirty Miamies, for the purpose of escorting us in by request of Gen. Hull. 
 On the I4th, I delivered the Indians all the goods in the factory-store, and a 
 considerable quantity of provisions, which we could not take with us. The 
 surplus arms and ammunition, I thought proper to destroy, fearing they would 
 make bad use of it, if put in their possession. I also destroyed all liquor on 
 hand, soon after they began to collect. The collection was usually large for 
 that place, but they conducted with the strictest propriety until after I left the 
 Fort. On the I5th, at 9 a.m., we commenced our march, a part of the 
 Miamies were detached in front, the remainder in our rear, as guards, 
 
 4
 
 52 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 under the direction of Capt. Wells. The situation of the country rendered 
 it necessary for us to take the beach, with the lake on our left, and 
 a high sand-bank on our right, at about one hundred yards distance. We 
 had proceeded about a mile and a-half, when it was discovered that the 
 Indians were prepared to attack us from behind the bank. I immediately 
 marched up, with the company, to the top of the bank, when the action 
 commenced; after firing one round, we charged, and the Indians gave way 
 in front and joined those on our flanks. In about fifteen minutes, they got 
 possession of all our horses, provisions, and baggage of every description, and 
 finding the Miamies did not assist us, I drew off the few men I had left, and 
 took possession of a small elevation in the open prairie, out of shot of the bank 
 or any other cover. The Indians did not follow me, but assembled in a body 
 on the top of the bank, and, after some consultation among themselves, made 
 signs for me to approach them. I advanced toward them alone, and was 
 met by one of the Pottawatomie chiefs, called Black- Bird, with an interpreter. 
 After shaking hands, he requested me to surrender, promising to spare the 
 lives of all the prisoners. On a few moments consideration, I con luded it 
 would be most prudent to comply with his request, although I did not put 
 entire confidence in his promise. 
 
 After delivering up our arms, we were taken back to their encampment 
 near the Fort, and distributed among the different tribes. The next morning 
 they set fire to the Fort, and left the place, taking the prisoners with them. 
 Their number of warriors was between 400 and 500, mostly of the Potta- 
 watomie nation, and their loss, from the best information 1 could get, was 
 about fifteen. Our strength was about fifty-four regulars and twelve militia, 
 out of which, twenty-six regulars and all the militia were killed in the action, 
 with two women and twelve children. Ensign George Ronan and Dr. Isaac 
 V. VanVoorhis, of my company, with Capt. Wells, of Fort Wayne, to my 
 great sorrow, are numbered among the dead. Lieut. Linai T. Helm, with 
 twenty-five non-commissioned officers and privates, and eleven women and 
 children, were prisoners when we separated. Mrs. Heald and myself were 
 taken to the mouth of the river St. Joseph, and, being both badly wounded, 
 were permitted to reside with Mr. Burnett, an Indian trader. In a few days 
 after our arrival there, the Indians went off to take Fort Wayne, and in their 
 absence, I engaged a Frenchman to take us to Michilimackinac, by water, 
 where I gave myself up as a prisoner of war, with one of my serjeants. The 
 commanding officer, Capt. Roberts, offered me every assistance in his power 
 to render our situation comfortable while we remained there, and to enable us 
 to proceed on our journey. To him I gave my parole of honor, and came on 
 to Detroit, and reported myself to Col. Proctor, who gave us a passage to 
 Buffaloe; from that place, I came by the way of Presque-Isle, and arrived 
 here yesterday. 
 
 From Niles' Weekly Register, Saturday, April 3, 1813. Vol. iv., p. 83. 
 SAVAGE BARBARITY. Mrs. Helm, the wife Lieut. Helm, who escaped 
 from the butchery of the garrison of Chicauga, by the assistance of a humane 
 Indian, has arrived at this place [Buffaloe]; the account of her sufferings during 
 three months' slavery among the Indians, and three months' imprisonment 
 amongst their allies, would make a most interesting volume; one circumstance 
 alone I will mention. During five days after she was taken prisoner, she had 
 not the least sustenance, and was compelled to drag a canoe, (barefooted and 
 wading along the stream), in which there were some squaws, and when she
 
 APPENDIX CONTEMPORANEOUS. 53 
 
 demanded food, some flesh of her murdered countrymen and a piece of Col. 
 Wells' heart was offered her. She knows the fact, that Col. Proctor, the 
 British commander at Maiden, bought the scalps of our murdered garrison of 
 Chicauga, and thanks to her noble spirit, she boldly charged him with his 
 infamy in his own house. She knows further, from the tribe with whom she 
 was a prisoner, and who were perpetrators of those murders, that they 
 intended to remain true, but that they received orders, from the British, to 
 cut off our garrison whom they were to escort. 
 
 Oh! spirits of the murdered Americans, can ye not rouse your countrymen, 
 your friends, your relations, to take ample vengeance on those worse than 
 savage blood-hounds? March 8, 1813. AN OFFICER. 
 
 From Niles' Weekly Register, 4th June, 1814, Vol. vi., p. 221. 
 
 CHICAGO. Among the persons who have recently arrived at this place 
 (says the Plattsburg [N.Y.] paper of the 2ist ultimo) from Quebec are 
 
 James Van Horn, Elias Mills, Dyson Dyer, 
 
 Joseph Knowles, Joseph Bowen, James Corbin, and 
 
 Paul Grummow, Nathan Edson, Phelim Corbin, 
 
 of the 1st Regment of U.S. Infantry, who survived the massacre at Fort Dear- 
 born or Chicago, on the I5th of Aug., 1812. It will be recollected that the 
 commandant at Fort Chicago, Capt. Ileald, was ordered, by Gen. Hull, 
 to evacuate the Fort, and proceed with his command to Detroit; that having 
 proceeded about a mile and a-half the troops were attacked by a body of 
 Indians, to whom they were compelled to capitulate. Capt. Heald, in his 
 report of this affair, dated October 23rd., 1812, says: "Our strength was 
 fifty-four regulars and twelve militia, out of which twenty-six regulars and all 
 the militia were killed in the action, with two women and twelve children. 
 Lieut. Linai T. Helm, with twenty-five non-commissioned officers and privates, 
 and eleven women and children, were prisoners when we separated." Lieut. 
 Helm was ransomed. Of the twenty -five non-commissioned officers and 
 privates, and the eleven women and children, the nine persons above men- 
 tioned, are believed to be the only survivors. They state that the prisoners 
 who were not put to death on the march, were taken to the Fox River, in the 
 Illinois Territory, where they were distributed among the Indians as servants. 
 Those who survived remained in this situation about nine months, during which 
 time they were allowed scarcely a sufficiency of sustenance to support nature, 
 and were then brought to Fort Chicago, where they were purchased by a 
 French trader, agreeable to the directions of Gen. Proctor, and sent to Am- 
 herstburg, and from thence to Quebec, where they arrived Nov. 8th, 1813. 
 
 John Neads, who was one of the prisoners, formerly of Virginia, died 
 among the Indians between the I5th anJ 2oth of January, 1813. 
 
 Hugh Logan, an Irishman, was tomMmwked and put to death, he not being 
 able to walk, from excessive fatigue. 
 
 August Mott, a German, was killed in the same manner for the like reason. 
 
 A man by the name of Nelson was frozen to death while a captive with the 
 Indians, lie was formerly from Maryland. 
 
 A child of Mrs. Neads, the wife of John Neads, was tied to a tree to pre- 
 vent its following and crying after its mother for victuals. Mrs. Neads after- 
 wards perished with hunger and cold. 
 
 The officers who were killed on the I5th of August had their heads cut off 
 and their hearts taken out and broiled in the presence of the prisoners. 
 
 Eleven children were massacred and scalped in one wagon. 
 
 Mrs. Corbin, wife of Phelim Corbin, in an advanted stage of pregnancy, 
 was tomahawked, scalped, cut open, and had the child taken out and its head 
 cut off.
 
 54 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 [From American State Papers, Indian affairs, Vol. II., p. 59.] 
 ESTIMATE OF LOSSES SUSTAINED BY THE INDIAN-FACTORY DEPARTMENT DURING THE 
 
 LATE WAR BY DESTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS, ETC., BY THE ENHMY, viz.: 
 1812. LATE FACTORY AT CHICAGO: 
 
 Amount Merchandise on hand at this Factory on its evacuation, 
 
 which wa> delivered to the Indians by the commanding 
 
 officer, Captain Heald, - - $6,123.03^ 
 
 Amount Furs and Peltries shipped to Mackinac, and there taken 
 
 by the British, - 5,781.91 
 
 Amount Soldier's due-bills on hand, most of whom, it is believed 
 
 were murdered by the Indians, - - 33-oi 
 
 Amount debts due from officers and soldiers of the Fort, - 3-^5-27 
 
 Amount debts due from Indians, - - 134-31 
 
 Amount household furniture left in the Factory, - 1 19.94 
 
 Amount Factory buildings, estimated, - - 500.00 $13,074. 47}^ 
 
 D. 
 IMPORTANT REMINISCENSES OF AN OLD SETTLER. 
 
 SHEBOYGAN, Wis., May 24th, 1881. 
 HON. JOHN WENTWORTH, 
 
 Dear Sir: I have had the pleasure of reading your account, and also 
 the remarks of others in regard to Chicago and Illinois history. I am 
 acquainted with some facts, derived from conversations with one who was 
 there and witnessed the fight and killing of many of those who lost their 
 lives, on that memorable day. She was a daughter of one of the soldiers, 
 and was one of the children who, with her mother and sister, occupied one 
 of the wagons or conveyances that was to convey them from the Fort. She 
 told me she saw her father when he fell, and also saw many others; she with 
 her mother and sister were prisoners among the Indians for nearly two years, 
 and were finally taken to Mackinac and sold to the traders and sent to 
 Detroit. On our arrival in Detroit, in 1816, after the war, this girl was 
 taken into our family, and was then about thirteen years old and had been 
 scalped. She said a young Indian came to the wagon where she was, and 
 grabbed her by the hair and pulled her out of the wagon, and she fought him 
 the best she knew how, scratching and biting, until finally he threw her 
 down and scalped her.. She was so frightened she was not aware of it until 
 the blood ran down her face. An old squaw interfered and prevented her 
 from being tomahawked by the Indian, she going with the squaw to her wig- 
 wam and was taken care of and her heard cured, this squaw was the one 
 that often came to their house the bare spot on top of her head was about 
 the size of a silver dollar. She saw^Eapt. Wells killed, and told the same 
 story as related in your pamphlet. 
 
 My father was well acquainted with Capt. Wells; was stationed with him 
 at Fort Wayne, Indiana, where I was born, in 1807; and he was surgeon of 
 the post. My mother was a daughter of Col. Thomas Hunt, of the 5th InPy. 
 
 I think there must be a mistake as to the year the Kinzies returned to 
 Chicago. My father and family arrived in Detroit, in June, 1816; the 
 Kinzies were there then, and I was a schoolmate of John, Robert, Ellen, and 
 Maria during that year, and I think they returned to Chicigo in 18.17. 
 Old Mr. Kinzie went in fall of 1816, and family in spring of 1817. 
 
 Capt. Wells after being captured by the Indians, when a boy, remained 
 with them until the -treaty with the Miamis. Somewhere about the year 
 1795, he was a chief and an adopted brother of the celebrated chief Little 
 Turtle. Capt. Wells signed the marriage certificate, as officiating magistrate,
 
 APPENDIX LETTER FROM A. H. EDWARDS 55 
 
 of my father and mother at Fort Wayne, June, 1805. The certificate is 
 now in my possession.* I was in Chicago in 1832, in the Black-Hawk-vvar 
 time, as ist lieutenant of a company of cavalry from Michigan. The regi- 
 ment was commanded by Gen. Hart L. Stewart, now living in Chicago. 
 
 During the Black- Hawk war, and when in Chicago, we heard of the killing 
 of the Hall family and the carrying off of the two girls. Our company 
 camped that night at the mouth of the Little Calumet, and next morning 
 went into Chicago and the Fort, was occupied by women and children from 
 the surrounding country. Then I saw for the last time my schoolmate, R. 
 A. Kinzie. My brother, Col. T. A. H. Edwards, was in command of the 
 Fort after we left, and had a Cass-County regiment of militia from Michigan. 
 We met him on our return at Door Prairie. He remained there until the 
 arrival of Maj. Whistler, in June, 1832; he retired from the Fort before the 
 landing of any of the U. S. troops on account of the cholera being among them, 
 and he wished to avoid any contact with them on that account. His command 
 camped on the prairie, about a mile from the Fort, and remained only a day 
 or two. Fearing that the cholera might get among his men, he left for home, 
 as he saw they were not needed any longer, and was so infonrred by Major 
 Whistler. 
 
 Capt. Anderson, Ensign Wallace, and myself camped under the hospitable 
 roof of Gen. Beaubien, on the bank of the Lake not very far from the Fort, 
 who had kept the only house there. Mark Beaubien, Jr. , went into Chicago 
 with us, he having joined us at Niles, on his way home from school. He 
 was the son of the one called the fiddler. 
 
 Our family lived in Detroit, and were well acquainted with the Whistlers. 
 My father, Major Edwards, was in Detroit at the surrender of Hull, as 
 Surgeon-General of the Northwestern Army; he went from Ohio and arriv- 
 ing in Detroit received his appointment; our family then living at Dayton, 
 Ohio; at the close of the war resigned, and in 1816 removed to Detroit, and 
 was appointed sutler to all the northwestern posts : Fort Gratiot, Mackinac, 
 Green Bay, [Fort Howard], and Chicago, [Fort Dearborn]; his books, now 
 in my possession, showing his dealings with each of these stores, and all the 
 officers mentioned in your paper. 
 
 Capt. Wells urged Major Heald not to leave the Fort, as he did not like 
 the way the Indians acted, and was well acquainted with all their movements 
 as learned from his Indian allies, who deserted him the moment the firing 
 commenced. Capt. N. Heald's story is as I heard it from the mouth of the 
 one who saw it all, the girl and her mother, the one living in our family for 
 many years, and the mother in Detroit. Their name was Cooper. 
 
 Capt. Wells, soon after leaving the Indians, was appointed, at the request of 
 Gen. Wayne, and was with him in his campaign against the Indians, as 
 captain of a company of spies, and many thrilling accounts were given me of 
 his daring and remarkable adventures as such, related by one who received 
 them from his own lips, and in confirmation of one of his adventures pointed 
 at an Indian present, and said, "That Indian," says he, "belongs to me, and 
 sticks to me like a brother, ".and then told how he captured him with his 
 rifle on his shoulder. This Indian was the one who gave Mrs. Wells the 
 first intimation of his death and then disappeared; supposed to have returned 
 to his people. 
 
 A. H. EDWARDS. 
 
 FORT WAYNE, 4th June, 1805. 
 
 I do hereby certify that I joined Doctor Abraham Edwards and Ruthy Hunt in the 
 Holy Bonds of Matrimony on the third instant, according to law. 
 Given under my Hand and Seal, the day and year above written, 
 
 WILLIAM WELLS, ESQ.
 
 56 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 FURTHER STATEMENT OF MR. EDWARDS. 
 
 SHEBOYGAN, Wis., June 10, 1881. 
 
 Your letter of the 5th came to hand to-day. The person I named as being 
 present at the massacre was Isabella Cooper, daughter of Cooper, 
 
 one of the soldiers who was killed during the fight. Her account, as given to 
 me, as also her mother's, was that, as soon as all the soldiers were disposed 
 of, the Indians made a rush for the wagons, where the women and children 
 were. Her mother and sister, younger than herself, were taken from the 
 wagons and carried away. A young Indian boy, about fourteen or fifteen 
 years old, dragged her by the hair out of the wagon; and she bit and scratched 
 him so badly that he finally scalped her, and would have killed her if an old 
 squaw had not prevented him. I think she married a man by the name of 
 Farnum, and lived many years in Detroit. Her mother died there about the 
 year 1823. The sisters were living in Detroit, in 1828. I have since heard 
 they were living in Mackinaw. I do not know the first name of Cooper. 
 He was killed, and the girl said she saw her father's scalp in the hands of 
 one of the Indians afterward. He had sandy hair. I think she said they 
 were Scotch. Isabella had children. The girl said she saw Wells when he 
 fell from his horse, and that his face was painted. What became of her 
 sister I do not know, as I left Detroit, in 1823, but my father and mother 
 remained there until 1828. You will receive with this a statement written 
 by my father, [see following "Reminiscences of Abraham Edwards"], regard- 
 ing himself, a short time before his death, which occurred in October, 1860, 
 at Kalamazoo, Mich., where he had resided for many years. The statement 
 will give you all the information in regard to himself, as well as who my 
 mother was. Her father [Thomas Hunt] was appointed a surgeon in the 
 army directly after the battle of Bunker Hill, where he was brought into 
 notice by an act of gallantry, then only a boy of fifteen. He remained in the 
 army until his death, in 1808, in command of his regiment, at Bellefontaine, 
 Missouri. His sons and grandsons have been his representatives in the army 
 ever since. Capt. Thomas Hunt, named in your letter, was a son, and the 
 present Gen. Henry J. Hunt, of the Artillery, and Gen. Lewis C. Hunt, 
 commanding the 4th Infantry, grandsons; whose father (my mother's brother) 
 was Capt. Samuel W. Hunt, of the army. 
 
 My grandfather, Thomas Hunt, was a captain under Lafayette, and was 
 wounded at Yorktown in storming a redoubt of the British. Afterward he 
 was with Gen. Anthony Wayne, in his campaign against the Indians, and was 
 left in command of Fort Wayne as its first commander after the subjugation 
 of the Indians. 
 
 Capt. Wm. Wells was acting Indian-agent and Justice-of-the-Peace at Fort 
 Wayne at the time he married my father and mother, and was considered a 
 remarkably brave and resolute man. I will give you a sketch of one of his 
 feats, as told me by my mother who was present and witnessed it all. The 
 Indians were collected at Fort Wayne on their way for the purpose of meet- 
 ing the Miamis and other Indians in council. While camped there, they 
 invited the officers of the Fort to come out to witness a grand dance and 
 other performances, previous to their departure for the Indian conference. 
 Wells advised the commander of the Fort not to go, as he did not like the 
 actions of the Indians; but his advice was overruled, and all hands went out, 
 including the officers' ladies. But the troops in the Fort were on the alert, 
 their guns were loaded and the sentries were doubled, as it was in the even- 
 ing. A very large tent was provided for the purpose of the grand dance. 
 After many preliminary dances and talks, a large and powerful chief arose 
 and commenced his dance around the ring, and made many flourishes of his
 
 APPENDIX LETTER FROM A. H. EDWARDS. $? 
 
 tomahawk. Then he came up to Wells, who stood next to my mother, and 
 spoke in Indian, and made demonstrations with his axe that looked dangerous, 
 and then took his seat. But no sooner than he did so, Wells gave one of the 
 most unearthly war-whoops she ever heard, and sprang up into the air as high 
 as her head, and picked up the jaw-bone of a horse or ox that lay near by, 
 and went around the ring in a more vigorous and artistic Indian style than 
 had been seen that evening; and wound up by going up to the big Indian and 
 flourished his jaw-bone, and told him that he had killed more Indians than 
 he had white men, and had killed one that looked just like him, and he 
 believed it was his brother, only a much better looking and better brave than 
 he was. The Indians were perfectly taken by surprise. Wells turned to the 
 officers and told them to be going. He hurried them off to the Fort, and 
 had all hands on the alert during the night. When questioned as to his 
 actions and what he said, he replied that he told the Indians what I have 
 related. Then he enquired of those who were present if they did not see 
 that the Indians standing on the opposite side of the tent had their rifles 
 wrapped up in their blankets. If 1 had not done just as I did, and talked to 
 that Indian as I did, we would all have been shot in five minutes; but my 
 actions required a council as their plans were (as they supposed) frustrated, and 
 that the troops would be down on them at the first hostile move they made. 
 He saw the game when he first went in, as his Indian training taught him, 
 and he waited just for the demonstration that was made as the signal for 
 action. Wells saw no time was to be lost and made good his resolves, and 
 the big Indian cowed under the demonstrations of Wells. My mother said 
 he looked as if he expected Wells to make an end of him for what he had 
 said to Wells in his dance. " I had to meet bravado with bravado, and I 
 think I beat," said Wells. You could see it in the countenances of all the 
 Indians. The same advice given to Heald, if listened to, would have saved 
 the massacre of Fort Dearborn. 
 
 My brother's full name (who was at the Fort in Chicago, in 1832) was 
 Thomas Aaron Hunt Edwards, named after both grandfathers. He was 
 partially educated at We>t Point, and had the military experience of that 
 institution. He died at Yankton, Dakota, about ten years since. 
 
 In Wayne's campaigns, he penetrated the Indian country as far as Fort 
 Wayne, built the Fort, and left my grandfather, Thomas Hunt, in command, 
 as I have before stated. 
 
 The Capt. Anderson I was with, at Chicago, lived and died in Monroe, 
 Michigan, and was a brother-in-law of Mrs. Robert Clark, of Chicago, whose 
 son was the Republican candidate for mayor of Chicago this spring. 
 
 The Capt. Thomas Hunt, who died in Detroit, February 16, 1838, had 
 been in the army; and, on account of a wound received in the battle of 
 Niagara, in the war of 1812, was assigned to duty in Washington until after 
 1830. He then resigned and was appointed Register of land-office, at Detroit. 
 
 You will see by my father's statement, that he was the Abraham Edwards 
 that was appointed surgeon, in 1804, and resigned in June I, 1810. 
 
 I send a commission issued to my father to be a Justice-of-the- Peace by 
 William H. Harrison, while Governor of Indiana, in 1805. Endorsed on 
 this is his authority for Capt. Wm. Wells to administer the necessary oath. 
 
 I could inform you as to all the circumstances attending the abandonment 
 by Capt. Wells of his Indian life, as related to me by my father, and coming 
 direct from Capt. Wells himself, being very interesting to me. I have laid it 
 up in my memory's store-house as something to tell some day to those who 
 might wish to hear it. [See Knapp's History of Maumee Valley.} 
 
 I notice in No. 7 of Fergus' Historical Series something said about the first 
 steamboat arriving at Chicago. The first boat built and run on the lakes was
 
 58 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 the Walk-in-the-Waier, in 1818, and wrecked in the fall of the same year. 
 The Superior came out next spring, and had a delegation of Oneida Indians 
 for Green Bay on board. I think she landed them there; but am not certain 
 if she went to Chicago. We lived in Detroit then. 
 
 You say Walk-in-the-Water came up to Green Bay, in 1821. Was it not 
 the Superior? My impression is that the former boat was wrecked the same 
 season or the next after her coming out, and that she did not come into the 
 upper lakes any further than Mackinaw. But I may be mistaken. 
 
 The description you give in your reminiscences of Early Chicago, No. 8 
 Fergus' Historical Series, pp. 22 and 23, relative to the death of Tecumseh, 
 at the battle of the Thames, as related by Shabonee, is a very correct one. I 
 have heard my father and Gen. Lewis Cass talk over all the circumstances 
 attending Tecumseh's death. My father arrived in Detroit soon after the 
 battle, and had charge of some of the captured British officers, and also 
 became acquainted with some of the Kentucky soldiers of Johnson's Regi- 
 ment, who gave him a full account of the fight, and the wounding of their 
 colonel, and the death of Tecumseh. It was Tecumseh that wounded John- 
 son. His ball first passed through the neck of Johnson's horse and into Col. 
 Johnson's arm; and, as the horse plunged forward, Col. Johnson fell. Te- 
 cumseh sprang out with his tomahawk and knife. At the same moment 
 Johnson fired and the chief fell, pierced in the breast, the ball passing down- 
 ward, as was afterward ascertained by those sent from Detroit the next day 
 after the battle, to examine the body of the chief and to identify it. As the 
 Indians denied that Tecumseh was killed, Gen. Cass sent an old Frenchman, 
 by the name of Schien, who was well acquainted with Tecumseh; and, upon 
 looking on the face, he pronounced it Tecumseh, and said he has a scar on 
 his back plainly to be seen, and turned the body over, and (sure enough) 
 there it was. Then the question arose; did Col. Johnson kill him? Which 
 was answered affirmatively by the Kentuckians present, who were in the 
 fight, and who rushed forward when their colonel fell, as did also the Indians 
 to protect their chief. The Kentuckians clubbed their rifles and brained 
 many of the Indians who laid around their chief as well as some of the 
 whites, who fell defending their colonel. Gen. Cass said he had not the least 
 doubt but that Col. Johnson was the one who killed Tecumseh. The Pro- 
 phet, Tecumseh's brother, was in a canoe with Gen. Cass, Col. Geo. Croghan, 
 Col. Johnson, and my father, going to Mackinaw to attend a conference with 
 the Indians. The colonel was pointed out to the Prophet as the man who 
 killed Tecumseh; but the Prophet replied that the man was not living who 
 killed his brother, for Tecumseh had killed the man who shot him at the 
 same time. Col. J. told my father about the time, or soon after, that he did 
 not know whether he had killed Tecumseh or not; but he was sure he had 
 killed a t>ig chief from his dress. The fact of the ball entering Tecumseh's 
 breast and ranging downward, showed that he was hit from some place above 
 him. The battle-cry of the Kentuckians was " Remember the Massacre at 
 River Raisin." [Gen. James Winchester was defeated, January 22, 1813, at 
 Frenchtown on the River Raisin, and his troops massacred by the Indians.] 
 The great chief killed by their colonel lost some of his skin to sharpen the 
 razors of his enemies, as some of them had razor-straps taken from his legs. 
 Had they known at the time that it was Tecumseh they said they would not 
 have done it. They considered him a better man than Gen. Henry A. 
 Proctor, who commanded at the River Raisin. They would have skinned 
 him alive if they had caught him. 
 
 Indeed it was not entirely safe for an Indian to visit Detroit as late as 1816, 
 on account of the massacre at the River Raisin, if a Kentuckian was about. 
 The celebrated chief Red Jacket came very near being a victim to this rage.
 
 APPENDIX SKETCH OF ABRAHAM EDWARDS. 59 
 
 A young man, brought to Detroit by my father to act as clerk in the store, 
 whose father was one of the victims of Winchester's defeat at River Raisin, 
 happened to get sight of Red Jacket while in Detroit. He loaded a gun and 
 laid in wait to shoot him as he went out of town. My father, missing the 
 young man, went in pursuit of him, as he was told by some one that had 
 seen him going out of town with a gun. He was found secreted in a barn 
 very near to the road, where the chief would have to travel. On being asked 
 what he was going to do, he replied that he had seen an Indian chief in 
 town with his father's vest on, and he was going to kill him and take if off 
 from him. It took a good deal of persuasion to induce him to give up his 
 gun and return to the store, and by the first opportunity he was sent home. 
 
 I saw a Kentuckian knock an Indian down with his fist and stamp him, 
 and he would have killed him had he not been stopped. This happened in 
 the street of Detroit some years after. A. H. EDWARDS. 
 
 [Mr. Edwards sends with this a Book which was the Ledger of his father, 
 kept at Detroit, from 1817 to 1824. In it there is an account against "The 
 Chicago Trading House," commencing August 12, 1817, and ending June 6, 
 1821.] 
 
 REMINISCENCES OF THE LIFE OF ABRAHAM EDWARDS. 
 "Abraham Edwards (eldest son of the late Capt. Aaron Edwards) was born 
 at Springfield, New Jersey, November I7th, 1781; and was licensed to prac- 
 tise medicine in the autumn of 1803. In June, 1804, he was appointed, by 
 President Jefferson, garrison -surgeon, and by the Secretary of War, Gen. 
 Dearborn, he was ordered to Fort Wayne, (Indiana), where, in the month of 
 June, 1805, he was married to Ruthy Hunt, eldest daughter of the late Col. 
 Thomas Hunt, then commanding the ist regiment of United States Infantry 
 at Fort W'ayne. Their three eldest children were born there Thomas, 
 Alexander, and Henry. In 1810, on account of the sickness of Mrs. Ed- 
 wards, the doctor resigned his commission in the army, in the spring of 1810, 
 and removed to Dayton, Ohio, and engaged in the practice of his profession. 
 In the autumn of 1811, he was elected a member of the Ohio Legislature 
 from the County of Montgomery, of which Dayton was the county-seat; and 
 in March, 1812, he was appointed captain, by President Madison, in the I9th 
 Regiment U. S. Infantry. As the prospects of a war with Great Britain were 
 apparent, Gen. Hull was ordered to Dayton, Ohio, to organize an army, with 
 which he was to proceed to Detroit to protect that frontier. Three regiments 
 of Ohio volunteers were at Dayton when the General arrived. The regiments 
 were commanded by Cols. Duncan McArthur, Lewis Cass, and James Find- 
 lay. The 4th Regiment U.S. Infantry, commanded by Col. James Miller, 
 joined the volunteer regiments at Urbana, to which place they had marched 
 a few days previously. Gen. Wm. Hull had been authorized by the President 
 (Mr. Madison) to organize his army staff, and, as a vacancy in the office of 
 surgeon existed in the 4th Regiment U.S. Infantry, Dr. Edwards was ap- 
 pointed to fill the vacancy during the campaign, and was also ordered to 
 take charge of the medical depaitment of the army as hospital-surgeon, in 
 which capacity he served until the inglorious surrender of the army at 
 Detroit, August i6th, 1812. Here he was paroled by Gen. Isaac Brock, and 
 permitted to return to his residence in Ohio. After being exchanged, he was 
 ordered to Chillicothe, as a captain in the line of the army, to superintend the 
 recruiting service of that State. In November, 1813, he received an order 
 from Gen. Lewis Cass, who was then in command of Detroit, to proceed to 
 that place to take command of about 200 men belonging to the iQth Regi- 
 ment. During the same month he arrived at Detroit, and assumed the com- 
 mand as before mentioned. In December, of the same year, he received an
 
 60 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 order from the War Department to accompany Gen. Cass, and other officers, 
 to Albany, as witnesses in the court-martial about to assemble for the trial of 
 Gen. Hull. During the winter of 1814 and '15, he visited Washington, and 
 was appointed, by the President, department quartermaster-deputy, with the 
 rank of major, and ordered to Pittsburg to take charge of the U.S. stores at 
 that place, where he remained until the close of the war, in 1815. It was 
 then left at his option to be retained in the army, on the peace establishment, 
 as a captain in the line; but he chose the walks of private life. He retired 
 from the army in October, 1815, and removed to Detroit. When President 
 Monroe made his tour of the United States, in 1816 and 1817, and visited 
 Detroit, Major Edwards was President of the Board of Trustees, and with 
 the corporate authorities of Detroit, visited the President at Gov. Cass' 
 residence, and tendered him the hospitalities of the town. A few days after, 
 when he was about to leave for Ohio, he made him another visit, and in. the 
 name of the corporation presented him with a pair of horses and wagon to 
 convey his baggage to Ohio. 
 
 In 1818, Gov. Cass organized the militia, and made appointments in the 
 same. Major Edwards was appointed first Aid to the Commander-in-Chief 
 with the rank of colonel. 
 
 In 1823, the first Legislative Council for Michigan Territory was elected, 
 and in 1824, the first Legislative Session was held at Detroit, and Major 
 Edwards was unanimously elected President of the Council, which place he 
 filled for eight years. 
 
 In the month of March, 1831, he was appointed Register of the U.S. land- 
 office for the Western District of Michigan, by President Jackson. Previous 
 to this appointment he had held the office of sub-Indian agent for the Indians 
 residing in the St. Joseph Country of Michigan and Northern Indiana. The 
 office of Register of U. S. lands was held by him until after the election of 
 Gen. Taylor, when he was removed from office for being a Democrat. 
 
 Major Edwards was one of the Presidential electors for the State of Michi- 
 gan, and cast his vote for Franklin Pierce, for President, and W. R. King, for 
 Vice- President." 
 
 My father was nearly eighty years old when he wrote the foregoing. A. H. E. 
 
 E. 
 CULTIVATION OF LAND BY THE SOLDIERS. 
 
 Under the head of General Regulations of the Army, September n, 1818, 
 is the following : 
 
 "A more extensive cultivation will be commenced at Chicago and other 
 posts. * * * This cultivation of any public land, not otherwise appro- 
 priated, in the vicinity of the garrisons and posts, shall be carried on by the 
 troops, under the direction of the several commanding officers of the posts, 
 and will embrace the bread and other substantial vegetable parts of the 
 ration." American State Papers, Military Aff's, Vol. ii., p. 265. 
 
 F. 
 LETTER FROM SHABONEE AND SAUGANASH. 
 
 [The following letter, written in the midst of an excited political contest, 
 by some friend, for the chiefs to sign, is inserted to show their personal 
 history and experience. Caldwell could read and write English. Shabonee 
 could not.] From the Chicago Daily American, gth June, 1840.
 
 APPENDIX SPEECH OF HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 6 1 
 
 COUNCIL BLUFFS, March 23d, 1840. 
 To GEN. HARRISON'S FRIENDS: 
 
 The other day, several newspapers were brought to us; and, peeping over 
 them, to our astonishment, we found that the hero of the late war was called 
 a coward. This would have surprised the tall braves, Tecumseh of the 
 Shawnees, and Round Head and \Valk-in-the-Water of the Wyandotts. If 
 the departed could rise again, they would say to the white man that Gen. 
 Harrison was the terror of the late tomahawkers. The first time we got 
 acquainted with General Harrison, it was at the council-fire of the late Old 
 Tempest, Gen. Wayne, on the headquarters of the Wabash, at Greenville, 
 1796. From that time until 1811, we had many friendly smokes with him; 
 but from 1812 we changed our tobacce smoke into powder smoke. Then we 
 found Gen. Harrison was a brave warrior and humane to his prisoners, as 
 reported to us by two of Tecumseh's young men, who were taken in the fleet 
 with Capt. Barclay on the loth of September, 1813, and on the Thames 
 where he routed both the red men and the British, and where he showed his 
 courage and his humanity to his prisoners, both white and red. See report 
 of Adam Brown and family, taken on the morning of the battle October 5th, 
 1813. We are the only two surviving of that day in this country. We hope 
 the good white men will protect the name of Gen. Harrison. We remain 
 your friends forever. 
 
 CHAMBLEE, [SHABONEE], Aid to Tecumseh. 
 B. CA LOWELL, [SAUGANASH], Captain. 
 
 G. 
 REPLY OF HON. JOHN WENTWORTH TO HON. CLEMENT 
 
 L. VALLANDIGHAM. 
 From the Chicago Tribune, August 28th, 1864. 
 
 The following report of the reply of the Hon. John Wentworth, to Val- 
 landigham, made at the gathering in the Court-House Square, on Friday 
 evening, was inadvertently omitted from our report in Saturday's issue : 
 
 On the retirement of Vallandigham from the steps, the crowd called for 
 "Long John," "Wentworth," the two names being synonomous in Chicago 
 for our last appointed Police Commissioner. Mr. Wentworth appeared upon 
 the stand, and said : 
 
 I am pleased with the opportunity, which your call affords me, to lay my 
 own views of public policy and public affairs before you, and in so doing, I 
 trust I shall not be deemed an intruder, for I would not thrust myself before 
 you, nor press my views upon unwilling ears. 
 
 It has long been a part of my political ethics, that the true method of dis- 
 cussing public affairs was, for the pros and cons to go together before the 
 people. In every public address for the past years of my life, I have 
 enforced the correctness of this understanding. I, therefore, request the 
 attention of all, for I am no party man. I am chained to the partizan car of 
 no class, no interest, no organization. To my country, and my country alone, 
 do I owe fealty and render homage. I love my country. It nurtured me in 
 my youth, it honored me in my manhood, and now, when I have passed the 
 meridian of life, I love to respond to any call to plead in her behalf. As 
 we cast our eyes over the land, and witness the tears that everywhere prevail, 
 and the dangers that now environ the republic, the heart of the patriot sinks 
 with doubt and dread. War, with all its dread calamities following in its 
 train, is convulsing the nation. The art of arms has succeeded the pursuits of 
 peace, and nearly a million of men confront each other in battle array. 
 Amid the horrors of war, we naturally look and long for peace. The
 
 62 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 fathers and mothers of Chicago, whose sons are braving the hazards of battle 
 and the perils of disease, long for peace. The wives of Illinois, whose hus- 
 bands have perished, or are perishing, in the terrible struggle, send up their 
 daily prayers for the cessation of the strife. My own wish and hope is for 
 peace. My regret, when the maddened traitors of South Carolina fired upon 
 the national ensign, and forced the Federal authority into a conflict, was not 
 more keen and poignant than my joy will be deep and sweet when they lay 
 down their arms and cease the warfare they then so wickedly, foolishly, and 
 devilishly inaugurated. This is the peace for which we hope, for which we 
 pray, for which we fight. 
 
 The struggle is like every conflict that has ever existed since Time began, 
 and if we would have a termination of the struggle we must conquer. The 
 road to victory is the road to peace. It is to this alternative that we are 
 driven a shameful surrender or a certain triumphant lasting victory, and con- 
 sequently peace. 
 
 I have listened, with great interest, to the eloquent and well-considered re- 
 marks of that peculiar Democratic champion who has just addressed you from 
 the stand. I have heard him bewail in feeling, touching terms the existence 
 and continuance of this accursed war. In terms of indignation he has in- 
 veighed against the Federal administration for the part it has had to act in the 
 bloody drama. But, while he was thus depricating war and violence, I lis- 
 tened, in vain, for one single breath of censure, for one word of reproof from 
 his lips of those who first madly unchained the ugly demon, and let loose the 
 storm of deadly hate. Why were not the vials of his wrath poured upon the 
 head of the infamous Beauregard, and the insurgent government of Mont- 
 gomery, who basely trained their cannon upon a citidel floating the national 
 flag, and shed the first blood in this fraternal fight? Not a Federal gun had 
 been fired, not an act of hostility committed, when the rebellious chief, acting 
 as Secretary of War for a rebel government, telegraphed the fatal order 
 "Open fire upon Fort Sumpter. " Then the strife began. But this denuncia- 
 tor of war, this deprecator of strife, this messenger of peace, in his speech 
 to-night, running through nearly an hour and a-half, had not a word of 
 denunciation and reproof for those who, before. God and man, are guilty of its 
 commencement. Why this omission? Why this studied silence on the part 
 of Mr. Vallandigham? Why are his invectives directed solely to the general 
 government which, when assailed, only then attacked? Does Mr. Vallandig- 
 ham wish to be understood that the acts of the traitors, in opening the strife, 
 is not worthy of censure, while the act of the government in opposing force 
 to force, is entitled to an hour's temperate denunciations? I draw no un- 
 charitable inferences. I arraign not the purity or honesty of his motives, but 
 I submit that these things are worthy of remembrance. If you, my friends, 
 are quietly marching along the street and are brutally assaulted, and fight 
 back, as becomes a man, would you not say to the man who denounced you 
 for striking back, but had no word of censure for your assailant, would you 
 not say to him, I ask, that he was your enemy, and would have tossed up his 
 hat at your defeat? Nor would the inference be unjust. My Peace Friends, 
 if the Republicans should assail your gathering here to-night and fire on your 
 assembly, would you be responsible for the fight which might ensue? And 
 how would you obtain peace? By vacating the square, or by enforcing 
 respect for the laws? 
 
 But Mr. Vallandigham tells us to accept peace, to stop fighting and nego- 
 tiate for a reconstruction. Sir, we want no " reconstruction. " The old Con- 
 stitution, the Union as it was, and the Constitution as it is, the Constitution 
 of Washington, Jefferson, and Madison is all we desire. Under that Gov- 
 ernment we lived and prospered, and were happy. Under it the West grew
 
 APPENDIX SPEECH OF HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. 63 
 
 up, expanded, peopled with millions of men, and under it Chicago rose to be 
 the pride of the North- West and glory of the continent; and when a man 
 talks to me about reconstruction, or prates of a new Union, I mark him as an 
 enemy of my country and the robber of my children. The old Union with 
 its glorious memories, its unfulfilled hopes, its history blazing upon every page 
 with words and deeds of deathless glory, all bind me to the old Union, and 
 cause me to abhor the name of reconstruction. I would say to the gentleman 
 from Ohio, and those who think with him : " In God's name say no more of 
 reconstruction. " But, sinking every other consideration, forgetting all other 
 motives, moved by no other impulse, let your zeal, your efforts, and your 
 energies, all be directed to the maintenance of the old Constitution. That is 
 hallowed by the memory of Washington, the glorious history of our revolu- 
 tionary struggle, and dearer, by far, is it to us and our children, than any new- 
 fangled combination that can be hatched by any convention. 
 
 It is rarely that any good comes out of a convention, and the proposed 
 convention of the States, both rebel and loyal, is the most unpromising of the 
 entire brood. If we want peace then, let us conquer. If the South want 
 peace, let them lay down their arms and cease war. Then will I be willing to 
 deal with them justly and generously. Then will I try to forget the rivers 
 of Northern blood they have shed in their unholy struggle for slavery. Then 
 will I try to forget the thousands they have slain, the homes t'ley have 
 bereaved, the hopes they have crushed, and the hearts they have broken. 
 But while an arm wields a sabre, while the Constitution is defied and the laws 
 laughed to scorn, I will uphold the authority whose solemn oath was, that 
 the Constitution should be preserved and the laws maintained. 
 
 But Mr. Vallandigham told you that the government could never be held 
 together by coercive force, that power, brought to apply upon the unruly, 
 could never reduce them to obedience. Was there ever a greater heresy 
 uttered by the mouth of man? No coercion! Why, gentlemen, the coercive 
 power of government is the only safety and salvation of society. No govern- 
 ment, no community can exist an hour without it. It was the weakness of 
 the articles of the old Confederation that they conferred no coercive power, 
 and the statesman of that day saw the pressing necessity of the new Constitu- 
 tion. Take to-day, from municipal and governmental organization, the power 
 of coercion, and society goes at once into anarchy and chaos. The weak 
 would become the modern prey of the strong, and might would, indeed, 
 become right. I have been told that there are those who would disturb the 
 quiet of gathering in this City. We, the authorities of the City, coerce them 
 into respect of law. Surely you should not denounce coercion. That glorious 
 old war-horse of Democracy, Gen. Jackson, from whose lips I inhaled the 
 pure inspiration of Democracy, and at whose feet I received the first lessons 
 of political and governmental duty, was gloriously free from this modern 
 heresy. His celebrated proclamation against the nullifiers, in which coercion 
 gleamed and glistened in every line, will give him a name and an immortality 
 in history when the maligners and denunciators of this policy shall have been 
 forgotten. I, therefore, stand for Gen. Jackson, and against Mr. Vallandig- 
 ham. Will you stand for Mr. Vallandigham, and against Gen. Jackson? 
 
 But I will not press the matter further. The attention you have given me 
 fills me with gratitude, and leads me to hope that the canvass will not be 
 marked by such bigotry and intolerance as usually attend political campaigns. 
 Our interests are one, our hopes are identical. Let us, therefore, meet and 
 discuss this matter in a spirit of fraternal love, and good will flow from the 
 interchange of opinions, and, together, we will reap the rich harvest of 
 wealth and glory that awaits our country. As the children of a common 
 destiny, the pathway of our progress should be marked by no shameful bicker-
 
 64 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 ings, no jading>, no discord. Differ we may, differ we must. But the difference 
 may be honest and the association not unfriendly, but arm in arm, two by 
 two, let us push on in the race of civilization and progress, and reach the 
 summit of greatness and glory, a proud example of a free, enlightened, and 
 tolerant people who love Union, Liberty, and Law; who, when their country 
 was assailed, defended it, and when treason reared its bloody banner, beat it 
 back, and handed down to posterity the rich legacy of their fathers. 
 
 H. 
 CHICAGO'S EARLY DEFENDERS. 
 
 In my pursuit of the names of the early settlers of Chicago, a 
 friend has presented me with the following, which he assures me 
 was copied, some years ago, from the original. The officers are 
 all dead. Captain Kerchival, once a prominent man in this city, 
 and who represented it in the Legislature in 1838, died within a 
 year or two in California, leaving a son who is a printer in this 
 city. His widow resides at East St. Louis, 111., with her sister, 
 the widow of Colonel Thomas J. V. Owen, once Indian Agent 
 here. The two Lieutenants, having been Postmasters in this city, 
 are well remembered. Of the soldiers, I know of but one living, 
 David McKee, of Aurora, 111. If there is another living, he is 
 wanted at the Chicago Historical Society's rooms, corner of Dear- 
 born Avenue and Ontario Street. 
 
 After this organization, Governor John Reynolds sent Major 
 Daniel Bailey to Chicago, and he raised a battalion of four com- 
 panies from the citizens of Northern Illinois. The pay-roll of 
 these four companies of volunteers, I am told, is still preserved 
 at Washington, D. C., where it was sent for the purpose of pro- 
 curing land-warrants. It is hoped that a copy of it will soon 
 be in the Chicago Historical Society's library. I doubt not but 
 the names of many persons now living are upon it. 
 
 I am inclined to think the paper was drawn up by Colonel 
 Richard J. Hamilton, the stepfather of our present Judge Murry 
 F. Tuley. Thirty-seven is the number capable and willing to bear 
 arms at that date. There was no clergymen here to be their 
 chaplain, if they had wanted one. 
 
 Chicago, Oct. 17, 1879. JOHN WENTWORTH. 
 
 MUSTER-ROLL. 
 
 MAY 2, 1832. We, the undersigned, agree to submit our- 
 selves, for the time being, to Gholson Kerchival, Captain, and 
 George W. Dole and John S. C. Hogan, First and Second Lieu- 
 tenants, as commanders of the militia of the town of Chicago, 
 until all apprehension of danger from the Indians may have sub- 
 sided :
 
 APPENDIX SOLDIERS OF THE BLACK-HAWK WAR. 65 
 
 RICHARD J. HAMILTON, JEDDIAH WOOLLEY, 
 
 JESSE B. BROWN, GEORGE H. WALKER, 
 
 ISAAC HARMON, - A. W. TAYLOR, 
 
 SAMUEL MILLER, JAMES KINZIE, 
 
 JOHN F. HERNDON, DAVID PEMETON, 
 
 BENJAMIN HARRIS, JAMES GINSDAY, 
 
 S. T. GAGE, SAMUEL DEBAIF, 
 
 RUFUS BROWN, JOHN WELLMAKER, 
 
 JEREMIAH SMITH, WM. H. ADAMS, 
 
 HEMAN S. BOND, JAMES T. OSBORNE, 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH, E. D. HARMON, 
 
 ISAAC D. HARMON, CHARLES MOSELLE, 
 
 JOSEPH LAFROMBOISE, FRANCIS LABAQUE, 
 
 HENRY BOUCHA, MICHAEL OUILMETTE, 
 
 CLAUDE LAFROMBOISE, CHRISTOPHER SHEDAKER, 
 
 J. W. ZARLEY, DAVID McKEE, 
 
 DAVID WADE, EZRA BOND, 
 
 WILLIAM BOND, ROBERT THOMPSON. 
 SAMUEL ELLIS, 
 
 COOK COUNTY'S SOLDIERS IN THE BLACKHAWK- 
 
 WAR. 
 
 To the Editor of the Chicago Evening Journal: 
 
 I send you a list of the soldiers who volunteered from this 
 County to go with General Scott in pursuit of Blackhawk. The 
 most of these gentlemen are dead, but they have left descendants 
 who constitute some of our most valuable citizens. There are 
 many citizens of Chicago now living who had a personal ac- 
 quaintance with nearly all of them. I have given the residence 
 of those whom I know are now living. Probably others are living 
 whose residence I do not know. This list has been sent to 
 Washington and compared with the original. Many of them 
 resided in that part of Cook County which is now DuPage Co. 
 
 The Fourth Corporal is now the County Judge of Dupage 
 County, and would be a good man for gentlemen of historical 
 tastes to interview. JOHN WENTWORTH. 
 
 Chicago, March 2, 1880. 
 
 Muster- Roll of a Company of Mounted Volunteers, in the Service of 
 the United States, in defence of the Northern frontier of the State 
 of Illinois, against the Sac and Fox Indians, from the County of 
 Cook, in said Stafe, in the year 1832, under the command of 
 Captain Joseph Naper:
 
 66 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 JOSEPH NAPER, Captain, afterward member of legislature. 
 ALANSON SWEET, First-Lieutenant, now living at Evanston, 111. 
 SHERMAN KING, Second-Lieutenant, lived at Brush Hill, 111. 
 S. M. SALISBURY, First-Sergeant, afterward Cook Co. Commis- 
 sioner, at Wheeling, 111. 
 JOHN MANNING, Second-Sergeant. 
 WALTER STOWELL, Third-Sergeant, afterward Post- Master, at 
 
 Newark, 111. 
 JOHN NAPER, Fourth-Sergeant, lived at Naperville, b'rother to 
 
 Joseph. 
 
 T. E. PARSONS, First-Corporal. 
 LYMAN BUTTERFIELD, Second-Corporal. 
 
 I. P. BLODGETT, Third-Corporal, father of Judge H. W. Blodgett. 
 ROBERT NELSON MURRAY (Naperville), Fourth-Corporal, now 
 
 County judge. 
 Privates: 
 
 P. F. W. PECK, died at Chicago, URIAH PAINE, 
 WILLIAM BARBER, JOHN STEVENS, 
 
 RICHARD M. SWEET, SETH WESTCOTT, 
 
 JOHN STEVENS, Jr., HENRY T. WILSON (Wheaton), 
 
 CALVIN M. STOWELL, CHRISTOPHER PAINE, 
 
 JOHN Fox, BASLEY HOBSON, 
 
 DENIS CLARK, JOSIAH, H. GIDDINGS, 
 
 CALEB FOSTER, ANSON AMENT, 
 
 AUGUSTINE STOWELL, CALVIN AMENT, 
 
 GEORGE Fox, EDMUND HARRISON, 
 
 T. PARSONS, WILLIARD SCOTT (Naperville), 
 
 DANIEL LANGDON, PEREZ HAWLEY, 
 
 WILLIAM GAULT, PETER WICOFFE. 
 
 I. 
 MARK BEAUBIEN. 
 
 Private telegrams received here yesterday, from Kankakee, 
 announced that Mark Beaubien was in a dying condition, the 
 result of enlargement of the liver. Mr. Beaubien was one of the 
 most interesting of the "old settlers" of Chicago. He was first 
 brought into recent prominent notice in the newspaper reports of 
 the first of the old settlers' receptions, which are now an annual 
 institution of the Calumet Club. At that reception, he was pre- 
 sent, with the identical fiddle with which he was wont, nearly fifty 
 years before, to supply the essential harmony for the social events 
 of the Chicago of that day. He was the lion of the evening, and 
 before the reception closed, his old associates of half a century
 
 APPENDIX MARK BEAUBIEN. 67 
 
 previous, danced the same old dances to the same old tunes which 
 had enlivened the evenings of their youth. 
 
 Nearly every speech that evening contained an allusion to the 
 old gentleman. Gen. Henry Strong characterized him as " the 
 Apollo of the early settlers"; ex-Chief-Justice John Dean Caton 
 told facetiously the story of how old Mark won a horse-race from 
 Robert A. Kinzie, and of how, to use his (Mark's) own expres- 
 sion, he kept tavern "like hell"; the Hon. John Wentworth 
 called to memory several of the festive occasions upon which 
 the veteran settler had employed his musical power to good 
 effect; and ex-Lieut.-Gov. Bross reminded his hearers of the way 
 in which the ancient tavern-keeper divided his time between 
 "keeping tavern vigorously," working the ferry at Wolf Point, 
 and running pony-races with his Indian neighbors. 
 
 Mr. Beaubien was also present at the second reception given 
 by the Calumet Club last year, at which he received hardly less 
 attention than on the previous occasion. The Hon. John Went- 
 worth, telling a Tribune reporter yesterday his recollections of the 
 deceased, said: 
 
 "When I came to Chicago, in 1836, Mr. Beaubien was a 
 prominent citizen here, as well known among all classes as 
 probably any man in the City. He was considered an indispen- 
 sable requisite upon all social occasions, on account of his ability 
 as a fiddler. In case of a party, if for any reasons the regular 
 musicians were absent, we could always send for "old Mark,''' 
 who was always ready with his fiddle. If, where he was playing, 
 one of his strings broke, he could play on the remaining three; 
 if two broke, the other two would do, and if they all gave way, 
 he could hum any dancing tune that we needed in those days. 
 He was celebrated for his good nature. I never knew him to 
 speak unkindly of anyone, or anyone to speak unkindly of him. 
 
 "I have been more or less intimate with him from the time of 
 my arrival in Chicago to the present, and he seldom visited the 
 City without calling upon me. His last prominent appearances 
 were at the receptions given by the Calumet Club to old settlers, 
 in 1879 and 1880, where it was observed by all present that he 
 had, mentally, all the vivacity of youth, and played the fiddle as 
 well as ever. Another time that he distinguished himself was 
 when, in 1876, he introduced me to an audience and created a 
 great deal of amusement by his broken French and English. 
 
 "He claimed to have been born in 1800, but many persons 
 thought that he was much older. He was present, in 1812, when 
 Detroit was surrendered by Gen. Hull, and was very fond of 
 singing songs in derision of Hull, which were sung in those days. 
 
 5
 
 68 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 He and his father before him were born in Detroit, but his grand- 
 father was an emigrant from France. He came here in 1826, and 
 voted in the Chicago precinct, in the County of Peoria, in 1830.* 
 The last time I looked over the poll-list of 1830, there were but 
 two voters of that year besides himself living. These were 
 David McKee, of Aurora, and Medore B. Beaubien, of Silver 
 Lake, Kas., a nephew of the deceased. 
 
 "When he came to Chicago, he built a log-house at the forking 
 of the river, on what is known as the old wigwam lot, on the 
 corner of Lake and Market Streets. It was, at the time, the only 
 dwelling-house on the South Side, except that of his brother, Col. 
 John B. Beaubien. When he was building the house the Indian 
 Chief Sauganash told him he supposed he would name his hotel 
 after some big man, as that was the way the Americans did. 
 'Yes/ said Beaubien, 'I will name it after a big man. It shall be 
 the Sauganash Hotel/" and so it was. A few years afterward he 
 built a frame addition to it, and in it I took, in 1836, my first 
 meal in Chicago. He established the first ferry at the forks of 
 the river, not far from the present Lake-Street bridge, at which 
 time there were no bridges across the river. 
 
 " Mark had twenty-three children ; he counted them over to 
 me as I took down their names. He had fifty-three living grand- 
 children at the time, but he said that a great many of them had 
 died; and a large number of great-grandchildren, whom he said 
 he could not count over, as they came on so fast. Of late years 
 he has lived around among his relatives in the country, occasion- 
 ally visiting Chicago. 
 
 "He never held any office, and never was a candidate for one. 
 When Chicago was incorporated as a town, August 10, 1833, * ne 
 first election of Trustees was held at his house. His memory 
 was very good until within about ten years, and his forgetfulness 
 of late has been a great source of mortification to him, as he took 
 great delight in telling stories of olden times. 
 
 "He never had but one fiddle that I know of, and he promised, 
 when he died, to bequeath it to the Calumet Club, or to some of 
 the other public institutions of this City. I think the Calumet 
 Club will get it, as he was ever welcome there." 
 
 "Mark Beaubien died on the nth of April, 1881, at the house 
 of Geo. Matthews, Kankakee, 111., who married his daughter, 
 Mary. He married for second and last wife, Elizabeth Matthews, 
 of Aurora, and had seven children by her; his first wife had 
 sixteen children. See Tribune, Mar. 25, 1881. 
 
 * See No. 7, Fergus' Historical Series, Early Chicago, by Hon. John Wentworth, p. 54.
 
 J. 
 
 GRADUATES OF THE MILITARY ACADEMY, CLASS OF 1832, WITH REGI- 
 MENT TO WHICH ASSIGNED, FROM JULY I, 1832. 
 
 REGIMENT. REMARKS. 
 
 2d Artillery, Died, October 13, 1851, at Centreville, Cal. 
 
 ad Artillery, Resigned, December 31, 1836. 
 
 4th Artillery, Resigned, September 30, 1836. 
 
 7th Infantry, Resigned, October 26, 1836. 
 
 ist Artillery, Died, February 26, 1857, at West Point, N.Y. 
 
 2d Artillery, Resigned, April i, 1834. 
 
 ist Artillery, Died, December i, 1835, at Washington, D.C. 
 
 2d Artillery, Resigned, October 31, 1835. 
 
 ist Artillery, Resigned, October 31. 1838. 
 
 3d Artillery, Resigned, May 6, 1864. 
 
 4th Artillery, Died, July 15, 1832, at Fort Dearborn, 111. 
 
 7th Infantry, Resigned October 31, 1833. 
 
 3d Artillery, Died, August 13, 1847, at Puebla, Mexico. 
 
 fi, A f-n Still in service as Col. Corps of Engin'rs, sta- 
 
 lery> tioned at No. 1125 Girard St., Phila., Pa. 
 4th Artillery, Drowned, May 16, 1849, in Rio Grande River. 
 2d Artillery, Resigned, August 31, 1833. 
 2d Artillery, Resigned, July 31, 1836. 
 
 A A s\\ Now Col. U.S.A., retired, residing at No. 2 
 
 lery Monroe Place, St. Paul, Minn. 
 <th Artillery, Resigned, July 28, 1836. 
 ist Artillery, Resigned, December 31, 1832. 
 
 21 *Henderson K. Yoakum, . 3d Artillery, Resigned, March 31, 1833. 
 
 22 *Tench Tilghman, .. .. 4th Artillery, Resigned, November 30, 1833. 
 
 23 William H. Pettes, .. .. ist Artillery, Resigned, September n, 1836. 
 
 24 Theophilus F. J. Wilkinson, 2d Artillery, Resigned, February 28, 1835. 
 
 25 'Lorenzo Sitgreaves, .. . ,st Artillery, ^^^^.^&^^^ 
 
 4th Infantry, Resigned, April 30, 1833. 
 2d Infantry, Resigned, July 31, 1836. 
 
 u T t . Now Lieut. -Col. U.S.A., retired, residing at 
 7 tn Infantry, N(( ^ Rjggs g t> N _. W-> Washington, D.C. 
 
 .u T e . Now Brig.-Gen. U.S.A., retired, residing at 
 
 atry ' Orange, New Jersey. 
 
 4th Infantry, Resigned, December 15, 1832. 
 
 ist Infantry, Died, July 10, 1838, at Bath, Maine. 
 7th Infantry, Died, January 7, 1849, at Hillsborough, Pa. 
 3d Infantry, Resigned, December 31, 1837. 
 
 , T e Now Col. U.S.A., retired, residing at No. 116 
 2d Infantry, West Jersey ^<.<x, Elizabeth( N *j 
 
 7th Infantry, Resigned, May 20, 1861. 
 
 ist Infantry, Resigned, November 15, 1839. 
 
 6th Infantry, Died, October 8, 1839, at Tampa, Florida. 
 
 ist Infantry, Resigned, June 30, 1838. 
 
 3d Infantry, Died, Jan. 27, iSjS, in Southampton Co., Va. 
 
 3d Infantry, Died, July i, 1852, at Fort Meade, Florida. 
 
 Mt'd Rang's, Resigned, October 15, 1836. 
 
 Ml'd Rang's, Resigned, April 30. 1833. 
 
 Mt'd Rang's, Died, July 21, 1839, at Ft. Wayne, Indian Ter. 
 
 Mt'd Rang's, Died, April 14, 1838, at Matanzas, Cuba. 
 
 Mt'd Rang's, Resigned, May 2, 1835. 
 Those to whose name this mark * is -prefixed, participated in some manner in the Black- 
 Hawk expedition of 1832. (Signed) RICHARD C. DRUM, 
 Adjutant-General's Office, Washington, May 6, 1881. Adjutant-General. 
 
 NO. NAME. 
 
 1 *George W. Ward, .. 
 
 2 Robert P. Smith, .. .. 
 
 3 Benjamin S. Ewell, .. 
 
 4 George W. Cass, .. .. 
 
 5 Jacob W. Bailey, . - . 
 
 6 Philip St. George Cocke, 
 
 7 *Henry G Sill, .. .. 
 
 8 * Joseph C. Vance, .. .. 
 
 9 *George Watson,. .. 
 10 Erasmus D. Keyes, 
 
 n *Franklin McDuffee, . 
 
 12 *Lewis Howell, 
 
 13 *Wil!iam Wall, .. .. 
 
 14 *John M. Macomb, 
 
 15 *Edward Deas, .. .. 
 
 16 John E. Bracket!, .. .. 
 
 17 *Ward B. Burnett. .. 
 
 1 8 James H. Simpson, 
 
 19 Alfred Brush, .. .. . 
 
 20 * Richard G. Fain, . .. 
 
 26 *George B. Crittenden, . 
 
 27 *Jacob Brown, .. .. 
 
 28 Daniel P. Whiting,.. .. 
 
 29 "Randolph B. Marcy, 
 
 30 *James P. Hardin, . .. 
 
 31 Thomas M. Hill, .. . 
 
 32 *Roger S. Dix, .. .. 
 
 33 Robert H. Archer, .. 
 
 3t *James V. Bomford, 
 
 35 *Richard C. Gatlin, .. 
 
 36 William H. Storer, . .. 
 
 37 *George H. Griffin, .. 
 
 38 John Beach, 
 
 39 *William O. Kello, .. 
 
 40 *Henry Swartwout, 
 
 41 *Gaines P. Kingsbury, , 
 4 *Humphrey Marshall, .. 
 
 43 * James M. Bowman, . . 
 
 44 *Ashburn Ury 
 
 45 *Albert G. Edwards, . .
 
 70 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 K. 
 
 LETTERS FROM THE LAST SOLDIER IN FORT DEARBORN. 
 SOUTH EVANSTON, COOK Co., ILL., June 17, 1881. 
 
 HON. JOHN WENTWORTH. Dear Sir: I enlisted October, 1819, at 
 Philadelphia, Pa., in the 5th Regt. U.S. Infantry, being then 23 years of age. 
 I started with a detachment of recruits May, 1820, to join the regiment, then 
 stationed about seven miles below the Falls of St. Anthony, near where Fort 
 Snelling now stands. The regiment was then commanded by Lieut. -Col. 
 Henry Leavenworth, father of Lieut. Jesse H. Leaven worth. We joined the 
 regiment about the last of July, and work was begun on the Fort the same 
 fall. We remained at Fort Snelling till May, 1828, when we were ordered to 
 Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis. I remained there till September of the same 
 year, when we were ordered to Fort Brady, near the outlet of Lake Superior. 
 Here" we remained till May, 1833, when we were ordered to Fort Dearborn, 
 Chicago. Soon after our arrival at the Fort, I received from Washington my 
 appointment as ordnance - sergeant of the post, and thenceforward I had 
 nothing more to do with garrison duty. Previous to my appointment as 
 ordnance - sergeant, I was orderly -sergeant of B company. Capt. (Brevet- 
 Major) DeLafayette Wilcox, was captain of B company from the time we 
 left Jefferson Barracks till he left Chicago; but, being away on a leave of 
 absence, when A and B companies were ordered to Fort Dearborn, Lieut. 
 Louis T. Jamison had temporary command of the company B to which I 
 belonged. When the two companies left Fort Dearborn for Fort Howard. 
 Major Joseph Plympton and myself were left behind. He was in charge of 
 the Government property, and I as ordnance-sergeant of the post, to await a 
 vacancy at some other post. I remained at Fort Dearborn till the latter end 
 of May when, my term of enlistment having expired, I quit the army and 
 went to farming in the town of Northfield, in Cook County. The late 
 Edward H. Hadduck, who died 30 May, 1881, with his team, hauled my 
 traps from the City to my claim. 
 
 Capt. John B. F. Russell did not come to Chicago with the company, nor 
 did he ever do garrison duty in Fort Dearborn. When he came to Chicago 
 he was on detached service in the Indian Department, and superintended the 
 removal of the Indians to their reservation out West. The first I knew of 
 Bernard Ward* was, I think, in 1823, when he joined the regiment at Fort 
 Snelling with a detachment of recruits, I think, from Boston. There he was 
 discharged from the army by reason of his term of enlistment having expired. 
 Whereupon he went East and enlisted in the 4th Artillery; but not liking 
 that arm of the service he got transferred to his old regiment, and rejoined us 
 at Fort Brady, I think, in 1830. He accompanied the troops to Fort Dear- 
 born, and was honorably discharged at the expiration of his term of enlist- 
 ment. None of my childrent were born in Fort Dearborn, although two 
 
 * Bernard or "Barney" Ward will be remembered as the first alderman ever elected from 
 the old fifth ward, embracing all the territory on the North Side, between Clark Street 
 and the River. There were then but six wards in the City, two on each side of the River; 
 but the third (represented by John Dean Caton) and the fifth (by Bernard Ward) had but 
 one each. Mr. Ward lived upon an island, since cut away, near the forks of the River, 
 approachable from the North Side by a foot-bridge. Mr. Ward has been dead about forty 
 years, leaving a son, now living, Henry A. Ward, born on the island, 28 March, 1834, and a 
 daughter, who married Ralph, a deceased son of this Sergeant Joseph Adams, of South 
 Evanston, 111. 
 
 t Mr. Adams has two children now living, viz. : Henry Adams, now living at South 
 Evanston, Cook County, 111., and the wife of Dr. Allen W. Gray, (son of ex-Sheriff John 
 Gray), of Chicago. He had a son, Ralph Adams, now dead, who married a daughter of 
 ex-alderman Bernard Ward.
 
 APPENDIX LETTER FROM JOSEPH ADAMS. /I 
 
 were born in Chicago while I was stationed there as a soldier. My family 
 did not live in the Fort till after the troops left, when we moved in for the 
 winter. In looking over your Fort Dearborn address, you mention of having 
 lost track of Lieut. J. L. Thompson. He was with the Army of Observa- 
 tion, on the Rio Grande, and he resigned just before hostilities broke out in 
 the Mexican war; for which his father-in-law, Gen. Hugh Brady, was much 
 displeased. Soon after his resignation, I read in a newspaper, (your Chicago 
 Democrat, perhaps?), an account of his death by drowning in the St. Clair 
 River, near Detroit, Mich. 
 
 The Rev. Jeremiah Porter came to Chicago on the same boat that I did, 
 and I attended the first services he held in Chicago, May, 1833. 
 
 JOSEPH ADAMS. 
 
 SOUTH EVANSTON, COOK Co., ILL., June 16, 1881. 
 
 HON. JOHN WENTWORTH, Dear Sir: I am positive that the troops left 
 Chicago late in December, 1836, but the exact date I do not know, but I do 
 know that it was close upon the New Year of 1837. As to what the printed 
 Army Returns show, I presume they allude to the public property, ordnance 
 and quartermaster stores being removed to headquarters of the regiment. I 
 do not recollect when Major Joseph Plympton left, but think he would have 
 left when the public property was withdrawn. Capt. Louis' T. Jamison 
 remained in the garrison till late in the fall of 1837, being detailed on recruit- 
 ing-service. I do not know how much longer he remained; but I saw him on 
 some business late in the fall. I should think you would remember the fuss 
 that occurred between Capt. Jamison and his recruits on one side, and Col. 
 Beaubien and a number of citizens, favorable to him, on the side. The latter 
 hauled some lumber upon the " Reservation, " and Capt. James Allen brought 
 his men from the harbor-works and conquered the aggressive party. [See 
 Scammon's Illinois Reports, vol. iii., Louis T. Jamison v. John Doe ex dem. 
 John B. Beaubien. Also De Lafayette Wilcox v. James Kinzie.] 
 
 I was born in the county of Stafford or Staffordshire, England, December 
 24th, 1794. I know I came to Chicago in May, 1833. I heard Rev. 
 Jeremiah Porter preach frequently in an old log-building which I can not 
 locate; but I know that it was somewhere near the junction of the two 
 branches of the River. I think he preached his first sermon there; but I am 
 not positive. Father Jesse Walker [Methodist] preached in the same building. 
 There was a room fitted up for Rev. Jeremiah Porter in the garrison, after we 
 had been there sometime. Thinking of Major Joseph Plympton and family 
 reminds me that just sixty years ago this coming "Fourth of July," he was 
 then a lieutenant, and in command of the company to which I belonged. 
 He was detailed to take charge of the party to fire the first Fourth-of-July 
 salute that was ever fired at Fort Snelling. I was the non-commissioned 
 officer of the party. That was in 1821; there were then barracks built for 
 two or three companies. Major Plympton was not married at that time. He 
 left Fort Snelling about 1822, and returned (a short time before we left for 
 Jefferson Barracks) with a wife and perhaps one child. I know there was one 
 there. After we left the Fort, I never saw him again till he came to Chicago 
 to take command of Fort Dearborn. 
 
 There had been salutes fired near Fort Snelling, but not on the site of the 
 Fort itself. I remember one given for Gov. Cass, in 1820, on his return from 
 a north-west tour among the Indians. 
 
 JOSEPH ADAMS.
 
 72 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 L. 
 
 From the Chicago Democrat, March 236, 1861. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM LETTER OF CAPT. A. WALKER. CHICAGO IN 1832. 
 ARRIVAL OF FIRST STEAMBOAT. THE CHOLERA AND ITS FATALITY 
 AMONG THE U.S. TROOPS AND SAILORS. GEN. SCOTT'S ARRIVAL. 
 EARLY STEAMBOAT ITEMS. 
 
 BUFFALO, October 3oth, 1860. 
 CAPT. R. C. BRISTOL, 
 
 Dear Sir: On my arrival home from New York, a few clays since, from 
 our annual meeting, I found your favor of the 3d inst. , in which you speak of 
 my former communication. 
 
 And now, in compliance with your request, I will enter more fully into 
 detail, as you inform me many of the leading points and incidents connected 
 with that pioneer voyage, will form a part of the recorded history of Chicago, 
 as kept by the Historical Society. * * * It will be borne in mind that at 
 that time but few traces of civilization could be seem, after passing the Straits 
 of Mackinaw; nothing like light-houses, or beacon-lights, artificial harbors, or 
 but few natural ones, were in existence; no piers, wood or coal yards were 
 established; and not a single village, town or city on the whole distance, 
 where now all are conspicuous along the western shores of Lake Michigan, 
 showing a strange contrast indeed. 
 
 It will also be remembered, as stated in my former communication, that 
 four steamers, "the Henry Clay, Superior, Sheldon Thompson, and William 
 Penn, were chartered by the United States Government for the purpose of 
 transporting troops, equipments, and provisions to Chicago, during the Black- 
 Hawk war, but, owing to the fearful ravages, made by the breaking out of the 
 Asiatic cholera among the troops and crews on board, two of those boats 
 were compelled to abandon their voyage, proceeding no further than Fort 
 Gratiot. The disease became so violent and alarming on board the Henry 
 Clay that nothing like discipline could be observed, everything in the way of 
 subordination ceased. As soon as the steamer came to the dock, each man 
 sprang on shore, hoping to escape from a scene so terrifying and appalling. 
 Some fled to the fields, some to the woods, while others lay down in the 
 streets, and under the cover of the river bank, where most of them died 
 unwept and alone. 
 
 There were no cases of cholera causing death on board my boat until we 
 passed the Manitou Islands, (Lake Michigan). The first person attacked 
 died about four o'clock in the afternoon, some thirty hours before reaching 
 Chicago. As soon as it was ascertained, by the surgeon, that life was ex- 
 tinct, the deceased was wrapped closely in his blanket, placing within some 
 weights secured by lashing of small cordage around the ankles, knees, waist, 
 and neck, and then committed, with but little ceremony, to the deep. 
 
 This unpleasant though imperative duty was performed by the Orderly Ser- 
 geant, with a few privates detailed for that purpose. In like manner twelve 
 others, including this same noble sergeant, who sickened and died in a few 
 hours, were also thrown overboard before the balance of the troops were 
 landed at Chicago. 
 
 The sudden and untimely death of this veteran sergeant and his committal 
 to a watery grave, caused a deep sensation on board among the soldiers and 
 crews, which I will not here attempt to describe. The effect produced upon 
 Gen. Scott and the other officers, in witnessing the scene, was too visible to 
 be misunderstood, for the dead soldier had been a very valuable man, and 
 evidently a favorite among the officers and soldiers of the regiment. * 
 Some very interesting and appropriate memoranda were made by the steward
 
 APPENDIX LETTER OF CAPT. WALKER. 73 
 
 of the boat at the time, on one of the leaves of his account-book (which is 
 still in my possession) by quotations from one of the poets, such as, "Sleep, 
 soldier, sleep; thy warfare's o'er, " etc. * * * 
 
 On another leaf is a graphic representation of a coffin, made by pen and 
 ink, placed opposite the account on the credit side of one of the volunteer 
 officers, who died after reaching Chicago, with this singular and concise device 
 or inscription written upon the lid of the coffin : 
 
 "Account settled by Death. 
 
 (Signed) H. Bradley, clerk and steward, 
 
 Steamer Sheldon Thompson. 
 
 Chicago, 111., July nth, 1832." 
 
 There was one singular fact not one of the officers of the army was 
 attacked by the disease, while on board my boat, with such violence as to 
 result in death, or any of the officers belonging to the boat, though nearly 
 one-fourth of the crew fell a prey to the disease on a subsequent trip, while 
 on the passage from Detroit to Buffalo. 
 
 We arrived at Chicago (as stated in the former communication) on the 
 evening of the loth of July, 1832. I sent the yawl-boat on shore soon after 
 with Gen. Scott and a number of the volunteer officers, who accompanied 
 him on his expedition against the hostile tribes, who, with Black Hawk, had 
 committed many depredations, (though, perhaps, not without some provoca- 
 tion), compelling the whites to abandon their homes in the country and flee to 
 Chicago, taking refuge in the Fort for the time being. Before landing the 
 troops next morning, we were under the painful necessity of committing three 
 more to the deep, who died during the night, making, in all, sixteen who 
 were thus consigned to a watery grave. These three were anchored to the 
 bottom in two and a-half fathoms, the water being so clear that their forms 
 could be plainly seen from our decks. This unwelcome sight created such 
 excitement, working upon the superstitious fears of some of the crew, that 
 prudence dictated that we weigh anchor and move a distance, sufficient to 
 shut from sight a scene which seemed to haunt the imagination, and influence 
 the mind with thoughts of some portentious evil. 
 
 In the course of the day and night following, eighteen others died and 
 were interred not far from the spot where the American Temperance House* 
 
 * N.-W. corner Lake Street and Wabash Avenue. 
 
 has since been erected. The earth that was removed to cover one made a 
 grave to receive the next that died. All were buried without coffins or 
 shrouds, except their blankets, which served for a winding-sheet, there left, 
 as it were, without remembrance or a stone to mark their resting-place. Dur- 
 ing the four days we remained at Chicago, fifty-four more died, making an 
 aggregate of eighty-eight who paid the debt of nature. 
 
 On approaching Chicago, I found quite a fleet of sail vessels, at anchor in 
 the offing, where we also came to, near them. As soon as it was ascertained 
 that cholera was on board, no time was lost in communicating from one 
 vessel to the other the intelligence, which induced them to weigh anchor at 
 once, and stand out to sea, hoping to escape the pestilence, which, at that 
 time, was considered contagious. In the morning some of them were nearly 
 lost in the distance, though in the course of the day they mostly returned and 
 reanchored near by, in hailing distance. Among the fleet were some vessels 
 belonging to Oliver Newberry, Esq., of Detroit, that were employed in 
 transporting provisions and stores from the Government to that port. 
 
 The number of buildings at that time, where your populous City now 
 stands, was but five, three of which were log-tenements; one of them with- 
 out a roof, was used as a stable, and one small frame dwelling-house, besides 
 the light-house and barracks (better known as Fort Dearborn) which was
 
 74 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 evacuated for the accommodation of the sick troops. Major Whistler, Capt. 
 Johnson, and many others, with their families, who had previously occupied 
 the barracks, took shelter wherever they could, some under boards placed 
 obliquely across the fence, others in tents, etc. 
 
 It is proper in this connection to state that all the mattresess and bedding 
 belonging to my boat, except sufficient for the crew, were taken by order of 
 Gen. Scott for the use of the sick, giving his draft for the purchase of new 
 bedding, which was not only a deed of mercy to those suffering ones, but a 
 matter of favor to me, in procuring a fresh out-fit, so necessary after that 
 disastrous voyage. There was no harbor accessible to any craft drawing more 
 than two feet of water, hardly sufficient to admit the bateau in which the 
 troops were landed. But little else was seen besides the broad expanse of 
 prairie, with its gentle undulated surface, covered with grass and variegated 
 flowers, stretching out far in the distance, resembling a great carpet inter- 
 woven with green, purple, and gold; in one direction bounded only by the 
 blue horizon, with no intervening woodland to obstruct the vision. The view 
 in looking through the spy-glass from the upper deck of our steamer, while 
 laying in the offing, was a most picturesque one, presenting a landscape inter- 
 spersed with small groves of underwood, making the picture complete; com- 
 bining the grand and beautiful in nature, far beyond anything I had before 
 seen. 
 
 The Chicago River, at that time, was but a mere creek, easily forded at its 
 mouth, while it wended its way along the beach, flowing into the Lake a 
 sma^J distance south of the present locality of Lake Street. 
 
 The provisions and stores brought by the sail-vessels were landed on the 
 beach of the Lake, near the mouth of the River, where now are seen the 
 extensive railroad improvements. * * * 
 
 We remained four days after landing the troops, procuring fuel for the 
 homeward voyage, etc. The only means of obtaining anything for fuel was 
 to purchase the roofless log-building used as a stable. That, together with the 
 rail fence enclosing a field of some three acres near by, was sufficient to 
 enable us to reach Mackinaw. Being drawn to the beach and prepared for 
 use, it was boated on board by the crew, which operation occupied the most 
 of four days to accomplish. 
 
 There was one circumstance connected with this transaction, which, with 
 other things, deserves to be mentioned. A youngerly man by the name of 
 Burnham, if my memory serves, rendered a special service in aiding me in 
 negotiating for the fuel and assisting in getting it drawn to the shore, he hav- 
 ing the only team that could be procured. He had come in from the country 
 but a few days before, with a yoke of oxen and a wagon, bringing with him 
 a family, I think not his own, who had fled from the country for refuge. 
 His services, so timely and unabating, and the kindly disposition he mani- 
 fested to assist in every way in his power, together with the moderate price 
 charged for the services, under the circumstances, went far to strengthen my 
 faith in human nature, that all mankind are not entirely selfish, that there are 
 some who can and do act disinterestedly. This, I verily believe, was the 
 case, in a very large degree, with this generous-hearted young man. He, too, 
 fell a prey to the cholera. He was attacked and died a few days after I 
 sailed from your Fort. 
 
 After getting the fuel on board, I was detained some six hours, waiting the 
 arrival of a gentleman whose name I think was Chamberlain. I had dis- 
 patched a messenger for him, he residing some fifteen miles in the country. 
 At length he arrived, and engaged to accompany me as far as Detroit and 
 act in the capacity of physician, having some knowledge in preparing medi- 
 cine, being a druggist by profession.
 
 APPENDIX LETTER OF CAPT. WALKER. 75 
 
 During this protracted stay, in waiting for the doctor, the crew became 
 quite uneasy to get under way, and leave behind them a scene fraught with 
 associations of the dead and the dying, which they had witnessed so 
 frequently, until they became almost mutinous. But as soon as orders were 
 given to get under way, the celerity with which the yawl was hoisted to the 
 stern, was a scene of exciting interest, as the duty was performed with a will 
 and a spirit of cheerfulness, accompanied with a hearty song of " Yo-heave- 
 ho. " As they hove at the windlass, they seemed almost frantic with joy when 
 the anchor came in sight and her prow turned homeward. 
 
 We had no cases of cholera on our passage to Detroit. The physician 
 returned across the country, after receiving the stipulated sum for his services, 
 which I think was some two hundred dollars, besides the stage-fare, which 
 was one of the items in the stipulation. 
 
 In 1832, as before stated, but two steamers visited Chicago, the Shfldon 
 Thompson being the first ever at that port. The William Penn arrived some 
 eight days later, laden with troops, stores, etc., belonging to the Government. 
 From the year 1832, different steamers made occasional trips to Chicago the 
 Daniel Webster, Monroe, Columbus, Anthony Wayne, Bunker Hill, and others. 
 The most noted among them was the steamer Michigan, (the first), built and 
 owned by Oliver Newberry, Esq., late of Detroit, who for many years was 
 associated with and largely engaged in the commerce of the lakes. This 
 boat made one or more annual trips of pleasure, generally making the circuit 
 of Lake Michigan. She was a fine specimen of a steamer, far in advance of 
 most boats of her time. Though her model was by no means comelyj her 
 speed was quite equal to others, having two powerful low-pressure beam- 
 engines, and withal a staunch sea-boat. Her fine finish, splendid fixtures, and 
 furniture, which were quite superior to any other in that day, together with 
 her veteran commander, Capt. Blake, on board, rendered her a favorite with 
 the traveling public. 
 
 A few years later a large class of steamers commenced making regular trips 
 from Buffalo touching most of the intermediate ports. Among the number 
 was the James Madison, owned by Charles M. Reed, Esq., of Erie, built 
 with particular reference to the upper-lake trade. Her capacity for freight 
 and passengers was the largest upon the Lake at that time. She was first 
 commanded by Capt. R. C. Bristol, afterwards, and for many years, by Capt. 
 McFadyen. Still later, in the year 1837, came the steamer Illinois, (the first), 
 owned and built by O. Newberry, Esq. She was also designed for the 
 Chicago trade. In this boat was combined many qualities, both in her size, 
 symmetry, beauty of model, style of finish, speed, and seaworthiness, which 
 placed her in the foremost rank of steamboats and enabled her for many 
 years to receive a most liberal patronage. She was also brought out under 
 the command of Capt. Blake. 
 
 From year to year emigration to Illinois and Wisconsin continued to in- 
 crease, until a daily line of boats was established between Buffalo and 
 Chicago, while at the same time the public demands were such as to require a 
 still further advance, and a different class and style of boat with better accom- 
 modations and increased facilities, suited to the condition and circumstances 
 of a large class of the more refined and wealthy, who were then emigrating 
 and settling throughout your and the adjoining States. And hence the 
 necessity of introducing the upper-cabin boat. When the Great Western first 
 made her appearance upon the lakes, and during the two years in which she 
 was being built, many, who claimed to be judges, expressed doubts of the 
 practicability and seaworthiness of that class of boats. But in a few trips 
 she became a favorite with the public, and, notwithstanding the opinions and 
 prejudices of the few, was the means of bringing about an entire revolution
 
 76 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 in the construction of our steam marine upon the lakes, causing all the boats 
 in commission and contemporary with her, to convert their lower cabins in 
 steerages and freight-holds, and substitute the upper-cabin. * * * It is 
 proper here to say that the Great Western was built expressly for the upper-lake 
 trade, and continued to make regular trips for ten successive years. Of the 
 estimation placed upon her during those years, it is not my province here to 
 speak, more than to say that she was designed, modeled by, and under rny com-" 
 mand during that period. At that time (1838) the principal forwarding houses 
 in the City were Kinzie & Hunter, Newberry & Dole, Gurdon S. Hubbard, 
 Esq. , Bristol & Porter, the latter of whom was then agents and consignees for 
 the above-named boats, Mr. Hubbard being the agent for the Great Western. 
 Subsequently she ran to the dock of Messrs. Walker, Smith and others as 
 her agents and consignees. 
 
 The population of Chicago, if I remember rightly, did not exceed four or 
 five thousand souls. 
 
 Your friend and obedient servant, 
 
 A. WALKER. 
 
 M. 
 THE OLD RAILROADS OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 OMAHA, NEB., June 15, 1881. 
 
 HON. JOHN WENTWORTH, Dear Sir: I have to thank you for the receipt 
 of copies of your lectures, and proceedings of the Calumet Club, all which 
 bring up many familiar and departed names and faces. 
 
 I arrived at Chicago, February 11, 1837, and one of the first forms and 
 faces, was your own, that I met. And I soon became a reader of your 
 Chicago Democrat, and a visitor at your sanctum. I boarded with Mark 
 Beaubien, at his " Illinois Exchange, " and my room was on the opposite 
 corner, a small, yellow building, which had been used by some physician 
 whose name has escaped me. 
 
 I went to Chicago, under the promise of a situation under James Seymour, 
 then just from the Erie road, who had been selected by Col. Edmund D. 
 Taylor and W. B. Ogden, to survey and locate the old Galena and Chicago 
 Union Railroad, now grown into the gigantic North- Western. It is not easy, 
 after the lapse of forty-four years, and the absence of a daily journal, to recall 
 with much exactness, the operations and incidents of that period. We began 
 our survey at the foot of Dearborn Street, and ran three lines, nearly due 
 west, to the DesPlaines River. Much of the time we waded in water, waist 
 deep, and were glad, at night, to reach the hotel at Barry's Point, kept by 
 Jocelyn Chamberlin, and dry ourselves by the large fire-place. 
 
 The "hard times," following the Land Speculation, made short work of the 
 projected railroad. We were paid off, and, June ist, left for Peru, then a 
 promising city on paper and prairie bluffs, to enter upon the surverys north 
 and south of the Illinois River, under the old Illinois Internal Improvement 
 system. 
 
 I can scarcely recall the names, even of our corps of engineers. James 
 Seymour, was chief; his brother, Wm. H. Seymour, was assistant; P. H. 
 Ogilvie, draughtsman, a lively little Scot, and a graduate of Edinboro'; H. 
 V. Mooris, assistant-draughtsman; Geo. Howel, rodman, and myself axeman 
 and chainman. It was my lot to drive, under the immediate superintendence 
 of the chief, the first stake, as we understood at the time, ever driven in your 
 City, for a railroad line. The high grass, where the fire had not swept over 
 it, required four-foot stakes, which we backed for miles, usinj; 40x5 feet stations. 
 Of all our company, I have no knowledge of any other survivor.
 
 APPENDIX LETTER FROM FREDRICK A. NASH. // 
 
 We boarded, for some weeks, with a most pleasant gentleman, up the 
 north-branch, in a new brick-house. I believe he was a Virginian, Archibald 
 Clybourn perhaps. An active business man, named James A. Marshal, also 
 boarded there. This was more than forty years ago. I left Chicago, Feb., 
 1841, and seven years later passed through it. I spent the winter of 1837-38 
 in Chicago, our office being on what was then the outskirts of the City, but 
 now quite central, at the residence of Hiram P. Woodworth, who was our new 
 chief-engineer. From Peru, or LaSalle, our surveys extended up the Ver- 
 million to Dixon and Galena, from the south side of the River in the direc- 
 tion of Bloomington, running sixty miles without a tree or any stream to 
 check our progress. We also surveyed a portion of the Illinois River, and 
 run a line from Meridosia to Quincy. In 1840, Ogilvie, myself, and others 
 listened, to a four-hour speech from Stephen A. Douglas, at Dixon's Ferry, 
 and to a shorter and spicy address from " Long John " Wentworth, then in 
 the bloom of manhood. In 1840, I was junior assistant-engineer, and had 
 charge of construction from LaSalle to the Bureau River, near Inlet Grove, 
 Lee County, and a small prairie town called Greenfield, in Bureau County. 
 In passing through Peru last week, I recalled the fact that in June, 1837, 
 Daniel Webster was there and addressed the people upon the future of Illinois, 
 etc., followed by toasts, etc. [He came from Peru directly to Chicago and 
 addressed the people here.] And I wondered how many there were left in 
 that region who then listened to the great " Expounder and Defender. " 
 
 The glorious Fourth of 1837 we celebrated at Greenfield, on the banks of 
 the dark and muddy waters of the Bureau River. Fletcher Webster, [son of 
 Daniel], his wife, Theron D. Brewster, and pretty much all the people there- 
 abouts, were present. 
 
 Thanking you for bringing back to mind long-buried memories of my early 
 days, and pleasant remembrances of old friends and familiar faces, and hoping 
 you and yours may long live to enjoy prosperity, I am, 
 
 Yours as ever, FRED'K A. NASH. 
 
 N. 
 
 REMARKS OF MR. WENTWORTH AT THE OLD SETTLERS' REUNION UPON 
 THE PRESENTATION OF MARK BEAUBIEN'S FIDDLE TO THE CALUMET 
 CLUB, 19 MAY, 1881 : I am a little embarassed in my position to-night, as I 
 have to act the double part of guest and host. I am a member of this, the 
 Calumet Club, and I am entertaining myself whilst the Club entertains the 
 old settlers of Chicago. But in either capacity I can not but give expression 
 to my pleasure. I am grateful to my colleagues in the Club for their hospi- 
 talities, and to Divine Providence for giving to so many of Chicago's pioneers 
 life and strength to attend this our third annual reception. As a host, I wel- 
 come you in veneration for old associations, and as a guest I thank my col- 
 leagues of the Club for their appreciation. 
 
 I have ever felt an interest in the history of Chicago, but more especially 
 since the fire of 1871. At that time, I was engaged in preparing an index to 
 the Chicago Democrat which I published for a quarter of a century, from 
 1836 to 1861; such an index being a labor-saving institution to newspaper 
 reporters and all others who might wish to refer to the events of my Chicago 
 life. If people were desirous of information, I could then place my index 
 before them, and they could obtain their ends without disturbing my avoca- 
 tions. But the fire came and destroyed both papers and index. I was 
 saved; but there was no index to my memory, and I felt that I and all of the 
 early settlers must soon pass away. What then was to be done to gather up 
 and perpetuate our history? The old settlers were the landmarks; but they
 
 78 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 were scattered, and many of them outside of the reach of the Chicago Direc- 
 tory. The members of the Calumet Club comprehended the situation, and 
 resolved to bring the old settlers together in an annual entertainment, the 
 first of which took place two years ago, and many here to-night were present 
 upon that occasion and the succeeding one; and I hope they will live to 
 attend many others. We registered our names with the date of our arrival 
 here, -with the place of our birth, and with our ages. And we also gave to 
 the secretary of the Club the names of all whom we knew who had not been 
 invited, in order that they might be invited upon future occasions. The 
 result has been that it is believed that there lives not anywhere a resident of 
 Chicago, prior to 1840, who was of age, who has not been invited to these 
 annual receptions. And, when they can not come, they generally write an 
 interesting letter. And, when from the infirmities of age, they are incapaci- 
 tated from writing, we are glad to know that some friend writes for them. 
 Thus our proceedings are looked upon as a part of the history of the North- 
 West. Our Chicago editors inform me that no one of their daily issues is 
 so extensively called for as that next succeeding the evening of these anniver- 
 saries. The proceedings of our first reception were published in a pamphlet; 
 and that pamphlet now has a place in all the Historical Societies of the 
 United States; and in most of those of the Old World. I ever have that 
 pamphlet upon my table, and, when people call upon me for information 
 about early times, if I can not impart it, I look over the registry of names, 
 and point out some persons who I think can do so. Thus, between us 
 all, we can impart a great deal of valuable information, and especially to 
 those desirous of perfecting their land-titles. What else can compare with 
 these Calumet-Club receptions in restoring our history? I have regretted the 
 non-attendance of the widows of our early settlers. This is to be provided 
 for hereafter, as the Club House is to be enlarged to a capacity that will 
 accommodate them. I know, personally, over one hundred widows of early 
 settlers, whose presence upon these occasions would be both pleasurable and 
 profitable. Their memories are as good as ours and they have information as 
 valuable as ours. Besides, many' of them have letters and papers that would 
 settle many disputed points, which we have not! The history of Chicago 
 must be written, and it must be written accurately, and these widows and 
 ourselves must furnish the material. 
 
 I have been requested by the Chicago Historical Society, next Saturday, 
 to match my voice in the open air against the whistle of the tug -boats 
 that run up and down the Chicago River, at the junction of the streets at 
 the Rush- Street bridge, and recite the history of Fort Dearborn from its con- 
 struction, in 1804, to its abandonment, in 1837. In looking up material for 
 that occasion, I have felt the advantages of these reunions as all persons will 
 who seek knowledge of the past. If any of you have any old papers upon 
 that subject, or any knowledge that has never been published, you will 
 subserve the cause of history by letting me know it. If, after I have delivered 
 my address, you notice any mistakes, I will thank you to inform me respect- 
 ing them. As matters now are, on the disappearance of official records, we 
 are much dependant upon each other for the verity of history. In the enter- 
 prise and competition of our daily papers, Chicago's history has been much 
 mystified. Interesting events are sought after and commented upon without 
 particularity as to dates, or the persons concerned in them. As men become 
 old they too often become garrulous, and where they can not procure an 
 audience, they often write letters and sign their names to them, or make 
 statements to reporters, and such go to the world as the veritable remem- 
 brances of old settlers. They generally get their events right, but they too 
 often make mistakes in dates and in parties to them. Hence the importance
 
 APPENDIX MARK BEAUBIEN'S FIDDLE. 79 
 
 of reestablishing the old landmarks, which it is the mission of the old settlers 
 who meet here at these receptions to do. Many often compliment me upon 
 the accuracy of my memory. But it is no better than the most of yours. And 
 I dare not trust it in important matters unless backed by old papers and ex- 
 periences which I am ever upon the look out to gather up and have at hand 
 for reference. 
 
 My fellow old settlers! I miss several faces here to-night that I have been 
 in the habit of meeting. Some are unavoidably detained, whilst others have 
 gone to the general reunion beyond the grave. One we all miss more than 
 any other who always has been with us. We miss him for the peculiar kind 
 of music that he always furnished us. We miss him because, when speaking 
 of any Chicago event, he was never the man to say, as many of us are com- 
 pelled to say: "That happened before I came to Chicago." He came here 
 in 1826, and was a voter when this City was a part of Peoria County. But 
 he had seen much of interest before he came to Chicago. Never again shall 
 we behold a man who was present at the surrender of Gen. Hull, at Detroit. 
 I allude to Mark Beaubien, who died at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. 
 George Mathews, at Kankakee, in this State, on the nth April, of this year. 
 Upon his death-bed, he requested that his fiddle be given to me. At every 
 other reunion of Chicago's old settlers, Mr. Beaubien has been present and 
 played upon it. The fiddle is here now, but the arm that wielded the bow is 
 palsied in death. I labored among his descendants, among the old French 
 pioneers, and among you, old settlers, to find some one to play a dirge upon 
 it to his memory here to-night. But I was unsuccessful. And now I present 
 it to the Calumet Club, as he was ever honored here. All its members were 
 ever glad to see him, and he ever felt at home here. And as he has passed 
 away, I take pleasure in presenting to .you his oldest son, Frank Gordon 
 Beaubien, now present. But he has not inherited the musical taste of his 
 father. He was born in Chicago, and so is younger than the fiddle which his 
 father brought here from Detroit, in 1826.* How long he had it before he 
 came here I can not say. It has done service enough in Chicago to entitle it 
 to honor, however. Three generations have listened to its music here. I 
 also take pleasure in introducing you to his cousin, Alexander Beaubien, son 
 of the late Gen. Jean Baptiste Beaubien, who was at Mackinaw in 1812, and 
 saw the surrender of that place to the British as his brother Mark did that of 
 Detroit. The General was a little higher toned than Mark, and brought the 
 first piano to Chicago. And like the fiddle, that piano has been well pre- 
 served; and, after long use in Chicago, it is now doing service in the family 
 of his granddaughter, Mrs. Sophia (Beaubien) Ogee, at Silver Lake, Kansas, 
 daughter of the late Charles Beaubien. 
 
 And now, gentlemen, permit me to say that in this crowded room, crowded 
 with liberal hosts to do us honor, and crowded with grateful guests to receive 
 that honor, I want to shake hands with every old settler here to-night if I 
 have not already done so. There is no probability that we shall ever all meet 
 here again. Yet some will meet here. For these annual receptions are to be 
 continuous and in a larger hall. I want you all to be enabled to say when 
 you return to your homes and you are asked whom you met, that you have 
 once more shaken hands with " Long John " Wentworth. And, if you live 
 until next year, and I live, I want you to come here, see our new hall, and 
 give then another shake. 
 
 * Mark Beaubien was not the last survivor of the settlers of 1826. Edward Ament, who 
 voted here in that year, now lives at Newark, Kendall County, 111., and has a son, John 
 Ament, now living in this City. He had four brothers once living here, viz.: Hiram, now 
 living at San Jose, California; Justus died at Big Rock, Kane County, 111.; Calvin died 
 at Warsaw, Hancock County, 111. ; John died at Princeton, Bureau County, 111. ; and Anson 
 died at La Prairie. Adams County 111. See No. 7 of Fergus' Historical Series, page 16
 
 80 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 On occasions of this kind we want sociability rather than speech-making. 
 Refreshments await you and will be at your pleasure as long as you stay. 
 Let us now waive all ceremony and resolve ourselves into an old-fashioned 
 Love Feast, where we can eat drink and be merry, shouting Glory Hallelujah 
 and praising the Lord for extending our lives to the present time. 
 
 O. 
 
 HISTORY OF THE CHICAGO LIGHT-HOUSE. 
 
 TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD, 
 
 WASHINGTON, June 6th, 1881. 
 
 Sir: Your letter of May 27th, relative to the old Chicago light -house, 
 within the precincts of Fort Dearborn, has been received. 
 
 In reply, I have to say that the structure in question was built, served its 
 purpose, was discontinued and removed, prior to the organization of the 
 Light -House Board, and that the only information this office can obtain, 
 with regard to it, is from the imperfect records which have come down from 
 those who, from time to time, previously had charge of the light-house ser- 
 vice. Such of the information which you ask, as the Board is able to furnish, 
 is herein given. 
 
 The first appropriation known to the Board for the erection of the structure 
 in question was made by the Act, approved March 3, 1831, and is as follows: 
 "$5000 for building a light -house at the mouth of Chicago River, Lake 
 Michigan." 
 
 The next appropriation known to the Board, was made by the Act, ap- 
 proved March 3, 1847, and is: "For a light-house at Chicago, $3500." 
 
 It appears from the various light-house lists, published by the Treasury 
 Department from 1838 to 1857, that the Chicago light-house was erected in 
 1831-2, but the precise date upon which it was commenced, and upon which 
 it was finished, is not given. 
 
 In the light -house list for 1838, the building is described as follows: 
 "Chicago light-house, south side of Chicago River; fixed light; tower forty 
 feet high; fourteen inch reflector; four lamps; built in 1831-2." 
 
 The records of the office show nothing with regard to the tradition you 
 mention, relative to the destruction of a light-house in 1831, and the erection 
 of a new one upon the same spot. There appears, thus far, no evidence that 
 there was any light-house at Fort Dearborn prior to 1831. 
 
 The first keeper of the light, of whom the Board has any record, was 
 Samuel C. Lasby, who received $350 per year. 
 
 There is sent to your address, to-day, a copy of the book entitled Docu- 
 ments Relating to Light-Houses, 1789 to 1871, and you are referred to pages 88, 
 245, and 254, where mention is made the of several light-houses at and near 
 Chicago. There is, also, sent you a book entitled Laws and Appropriations 
 from 1789 to iSjj;, and you are referred to pages 93 and 132 for the appro- 
 priations for the erection of the old Chicago light-house, and to pages 144, 
 154, and 193, for appropriations relative to other aids to navigation in the 
 neighborhood of Chicago; also to the index on page 227, relative to the 
 appropriations made within the above-mentioned dates for aids to navigation 
 in the State of Illinois. 
 
 There is also sent you, for the use of the Historical Society, a copy of the 
 last report of the Light- House Board, and of the last issued list of lights on 
 the lakes, in which you will find mention of the present condition of the lights 
 near Chicago. Very respectfully, GEO. DEWEY, 
 
 Hon. JOHN WENTWORTH, Chicago. Commander U.S.N., Naval Sec'y.
 
 APPENDIX COL. PLYMPTON. 8 1 
 
 P. 
 
 FALL OF THE ORIGINAL LIGHT-HOUSE AT CHICAGO. 
 
 LETTER FROM ISAAC D. HARMON, (AGED 17), TO HIS ELDER BROTHER, 
 
 CHARLES L. HARMON, DECEASED. 
 
 CHICAGO, October 3ist, 1831. 
 
 Dear Brother: We have had a flattener pass over the face of our pros- 
 pects in Chicago. The light-house, that the day before yesterday, stood in 
 all its glory, the pride of this wonderous village, is now " doused. " For about 
 a week past, cracks have been observed in it, and yesterday they began to 
 look "syua/fy," Mr. Jackson, (the man who contracted to erect the building), 
 [Probably Samuel Jackson, alderman in 1837,] ordered some of the bottom 
 stones, which looked likely to fall, to be taken out. Yet he and his men 
 assured people there was no danger of its falling. Jackson said, "You can't 
 get it down," but there were others who were not so sure. My father, [Dr. 
 Elijah D. Harmon], in the afternoon, told them it leaned to one side. They 
 laughed at him, and so confident were some of its standing, that, but a few 
 hours before it fell, they went upon the top of it; and amongst the rest, some 
 women. Stones kept dropping from the hole in it; and, about nine o'clock 
 in the evening, down tumbled the whole work with a terrible crash and a 
 noise like the rattling of fifty claps of thunder. The walls were three feet 
 thick, and it had been raised fifty feet in height; so you must know it made 
 some stir when it fell. The first thing father said to the workmen when he 
 went out was, "Does it lean any now." They were 'shorn of their locks,' 
 and had nothing to say. Various reasons are assigned as the cause of its 
 falling. Jackson wants to make it appear that it was owing to the quicksand 
 under the -building, which made it settle, and says that a light-house can not 
 be made to stand here. It would be greatly for his interest to have this story 
 believed; as, by this means he would probably get pay for what he has done; 
 otherwise, he will not. People here, and those that are well qualified to 
 judge, say there is no such thing as quicksand about it, and that it was all 
 owing to the wretched manner in which it was built. I am inclined to believe 
 them. Judging from the piece of wall now standing, the mortar looks like 
 dry sand, and the wall is two-thirds filled up between with stones not bigger 
 than a man's head. Finis. 
 
 CHARLES L. HARMON, Yours affectionately, 
 
 Burlington, Vt. ISAAC D. HARMON. 
 
 Q- 
 
 COL. JOSEPH PLYMPTON. 
 
 Joseph Plympton 'was born Feb. 241)1, 1787, at Sudbury, Mass. He was 
 a direct descendant of Thomas Plympton, who was born in Sudbury, Suffolk 
 County, England, landed in Massachusetts in 1633, founded the town of .Sud- 
 bury, Mass., and was slain by the Indians on Boone's Plain, April 16, 1667. 
 Joseph was appointed 2d-lieutenant, Jan. 3d, 1812, in the 4th U. S. Infantry; 
 promoted -to ist-lieutenant, July ist, 1813; to captain, June 1st, 1821, in the 
 5th U. S. Infantry, and brevetted major, June I, 1831, "for ten year's faith- 
 ful service." On March 15, 1824, he married Eliza Matilda Livingston, 
 daughter of Peter William Livingston, of New-York City. Among the 
 places commanded by Brevet-Maj. Plympton, before coming to Fort Dear- 
 born, are St. Louis, Mo.; Fort Snelling, Minn. ; Fort Armstrong, Mississippi 
 River; Fort Howard, (Green Bay, Wis. ); and Fort Winnebago, (Winnebago, 
 Wis. ) After his command of Fort Dearborn he was ordered to Florida, and
 
 82 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 distinguished himself in the Seminole war. On Sept. 22d, 1840, he was pro- 
 moted to major in the 2d U. S. Infantry, and on Sept. gth, 1846, to lieuten- 
 ant-colonel in the 7th U. S. Infantry, and ordered to Mexico in command of 
 that regiment. For "gallant and meritorious conduct " at the battle of Cerro 
 Gordo, he was brevetted colonel. From 1851, for two years, he was in New- 
 York City, as general superintendent of the recruiting -service, U. S. army. 
 Feb. 9, 1854, he was promoted to rolonel of the ist U. S. Infantry, and 
 ordered to Galveston, Texas. Col. Plympton died at Staten Island, N. Y., 
 June 5, 1860. Among the many officers under his command during his long 
 military service were Gens. U. S. Grant, Philip A. Sheridan, and Nathaniel 
 Lyon. Mrs. Col. Plympton died, Jane 2Oth, 1873. Of their children, not 
 elsewhere mentioned, are Cornelia De Peyster, born at Fort Howard, Green 
 Bay, Wis., and married to Lieut. Henry M. Black, now colonel in the U. S. 
 army; also, Gilbert M., of New -York City; also, Louisa E., born at Fort 
 Snelling, and married to Lieut. John Pitman, Ordinance-Corps, U. S. army. 
 
 LITTLE TURTLE. 
 
 Drake's Book upon the Indians says: "Little Turtle died 14 July, 1812, 
 aged 65 years, at his residence upon Eel River, near Fort Wayne, where the 
 government had built him a house and provided him with the means of living. 
 His portrait, by Stewart, is now in the War Department at Washington." 
 [From this it appears that he had been dead over a month at the time of the 
 Chicago massacre.] 
 
 AN INTERESTING RELIC. 
 
 A letter has been received from Charles P. Greenough, an 
 attorney of Boston, a little yellow with age, which was among a 
 collection of historical letters and papers the gentleman had, and 
 deemed it appropriate to send to Mayor Harrison. It will prove 
 interesting to old Chicagoans. It is addressed to "John John- 
 son, Esq., U. S. Factor, Fort Wayne. Per the express." On 
 the outside margin is the name of the writer, Mr. Lalime. The 
 letter reads as follows : 
 
 "CHICAGO, yth July, 1811. 
 
 "Sir: Since my last to you we have news of other depredations 
 and murders committed about the settlement of Cohokia. The 
 first news we received was that the brothers-in-law of Mainpoe 
 went down and stole a number of horses. Second, another party 
 went down, stole some horses, killed a man, and took off a young 
 woman, but they being pursued were obliged to leave her to save 
 themselves. Third, they have been there and killed and de- 
 stroyed a whole family. The cause of it, or in part, is from the 
 little chief that came last fall to see Gov. Harrison under the 
 feigned name of Wapevva. He told the Indians that he had told 
 the Governor that the Americans were settling on their lands, and 
 what should be done with them. He told the Indians that the 
 Governor had told him they were bad people; that they must 
 drive them off, kill their cattle, and steal their horses, etc.
 
 APPENDIX KILLING OF LALIME EXPLAINED. 83 
 
 "Being the quarter ending the 3oth June I am busy with the 
 Factory, and have a number of Indians here paying their visit to 
 Capt. Heald. From those circumstances, I hope, sir, you will 
 excuse my hurry. Please give my respects to Mrs. Johnston. I 
 am with respect, sir, your obedient servant, J. LALIME."* 
 
 * THE KILLING OF LALIME EXPLAINED. 
 
 CHICAGO, June 25th, 1881. 
 
 Hox. JOHN WENTWORTH, Dear Sir: Your note of the 22d inst. I 
 received yesterday. Thanks for the slip you enclosed. 
 
 In reply to your inquiries I have to say, that I think Mathew Irwin was not 
 sub-agent at Fort Dearborn, but that he was United States factor, acting also 
 as Indian-agent. His duties were principally confined to Indian affairs, under 
 the direction of the commanding officer, when he was not specially instructed 
 by the Department at Washington. 
 
 As regards the unfortunate killing of Mr. LaLime, by Mr. John Kinzie, I 
 have heard the account of it related by Mrs. Kinzie, and her daughter, Mrs. 
 Helm. Mr. Kinzie never, in my hearing, alluded to or spoke of it. He deeply 
 regretted the act. Knowing his aversion to converse on the subject, I never 
 spoke to him about it. 
 
 Mrs. Kinzie said that her husband and LaLime had been for several years 
 on unfriendly terms, and had had frequent altercations; that at the time of 
 the encounter, Mr. Kinzie had crossed the River alone, in a canoe, going to 
 the Fort; and that LaLime met him outside of the garrison and shot him, 
 the ball cutting the side of his neck. She supposed LaLime saw her husband 
 crossing, and, taking his pistol, went through the gate purposely to meet him. 
 Mr. Kinzie closing with LaLime stabbed him, and retreated to his house cov- 
 ered with blood. He told his wife what he had done, that he feared he had 
 killed LaLime, that probably a squad would be sent for him, and that he 
 must hide. She, in haste, took bandages, and with him retreated to the 
 woods, where, as soon as possible, she dressed his wounds, returning just in 
 time to meet an officer with a squad, with orders to seize her husband. He 
 could not be found. For some days he was hid in the bush, and cared for by 
 his wife. 
 
 LaLime was, I understood, an educated man, and quite a favorite with the 
 officers, who were greatly excited. They decided he should be buried near 
 Mr. Kinzie's house, and he was buried near the bank of the River, about the 
 present terminus of Rush Street, and within about two hundred yards of Mr. 
 Kinzie's house, in plain view from his front-door and piazza. The grave was 
 enclosed by a picket-fence, which Mr. Kinzie, in his life-time, kept in perfect 
 order. My impression has ever been that Mr. Kinzie acted, as he told his 
 wife, in self-defence. This is borne out by the fact that, after a full investi- 
 gation by the officers, whose friend the deceased was, they acquitted Mr. Kin- 
 zie, who then returned to his family. 
 
 In some of these details I may be in error, but the fact has ever been firm 
 in my mind that LaLime made the attack, provoking the killing in self-defence. 
 Most certainly Mr. Kinzie deeply regretted the result, and avoided any refer- 
 ence to it. Yours, G. S. HUBBARD. 
 
 6
 
 84 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 THE FIRST LAKE-STEAMER. 
 
 THE OLD STEAMBOAT WALK-IN-THE-WATER. 
 
 Levi Bishop, of Detroit, in a series of articles, in the Post and Tribune of 
 that City, on the early history of lake navigation, gives the following account 
 of the old steamboat Walk-in-the- Water, the first steamer that plied Lake lirie: 
 
 "Capt. Newhall is doing good work as a historian of our lake marine. He 
 has an old registry of the Custom-House of Detroit, of 1818, when William 
 Woodbridge was the Collector of the Port. This record settles the point that 
 the IValk-in-the- Water, being the first steamboat that ever navigated on Lake 
 Erie, arrived at Detroit, August 27, 1818, and that she cleared for her return 
 trip to Buffalo the next day. She was in general form a schooner, with an 
 engine and two side-wheels, and she was named after an Indian chief, who 
 found a local habitation and a name somewhere on the borders of the Detroit 
 River, and probably in many other places too numerous to mention. She was 
 doubtless a clumsy craft, but was a good experiment for the early days of 
 steam navigation. The record referred to is in a good state of preservation, 
 and it contains much valuable historical information. The pioneer steamboat 
 went ashore and was wrecked on or near Long Point, in the year 1819 or 
 1 820, and thus she ceased to walk in the water and found a grave therein. 
 From that small beginning, the steamboats on the lakes went on increasing 
 till they rivaled the sail vessels in number and far surpassed them in magni- 
 tude, accpmmodations, and attractions. Between 1830 and 1840, and on from 
 the latter date till the railroads began to acquire the through carrying business, 
 the lake steam marine was surpassed by but few, if any, in the world. The 
 old North America, the Commodore Perry, the Illinois, and the Michigan are 
 with others well remembered. Then the great steamboat line was from 
 Buffalo to Chicago, about 1000 miles, and a Chicago boat, with such men a* 
 Capts. Blake and Appleby and others on deck, was looked upon as one of the 
 great 'institutions' of the country. They were positively traveling luxuries. 
 Of course it took longer to make the trip than it now does by rail, but those 
 large steamboats presented attractions and comforts which no railroad-cars can 
 afford. The old Michigan had two engines, one on each side, which, with 
 the side-wheels, ran wholly independent of each other. This was all well in 
 a smooth sea, but in rough weather one wheel would be deep in the water or 
 in a swell, and would move slow, while the other at the same time would be 
 all, or nearly all, out of the water, and would, consequently, fly like lightning. 
 This had the effect to jerk the boat about in different directions, and make the 
 navigation unpleasant and difficult. The double independent engines were, 
 doubtless, an experiment, and, so far as I know, have never been imitated. 
 It seems to be thought better to have the two wheels connected by a long 
 shaft, so that when one does the work the other shall be kept in order and 
 moderation by an inseparable attachment. It was sometimes positively thrill- 
 ing to see old Capt. Blake on the upper deck in a storm, as he maintained his 
 perfect self-possession and directed the ship beneath him, while the noble 
 vessel 
 
 'Walked the water like a thing of life, 
 And seemed to dare the elements to strife.' 
 
 " Passengers had most perfect confidence in him, as they, no doubt, had in 
 many other of our lake captains. The owner of the old Illinois was a well- 
 known citizen. He was popularly known as the 'Commodore of the Lakes.' 
 He was a Whig of the Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John J. Crittenden 
 school. He was a patriotic citizen, and, as expressing his sentiments and the 
 true spirit of the State and National Governments, he placed at the masthead 
 of the Illinois a streamer, nearly or quite forty feet long, with the words
 
 APPENDIX CHICAGO'S FIRST PIANO. 85 
 
 'State Sovereignty and National Union' boldly inscribed upon it in large and 
 conspicuous letters. * That old steamboat and that National sentiment were 
 the pride of Oliver Newberry [of Detroit], as well as the pride and boast of 
 all beholders. When the railroads came into full operation, two grand float- 
 ing palaces the Ilymouth Rock and. the Western World were put on Lake 
 Erie, between Detroit and Buffalo, by the Michigan Central Railway Com- 
 pany. They were popular, and a great relief and comfort to the traveling 
 public, but they were soon discontinued by railroad interests, since which our 
 first-class steam navigation has disappeared, except on the Lake Superior 
 lines. " 
 
 CHICAGO'S FIRST PIANO. 
 
 To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune: CHICAGO, July 9, 1881. 
 
 In your issue of July 7, you published a letter from Charles Cleaver, Esq., 
 one of our oldest and most honored citizens, whose reminiscences are in the 
 main correct; he is, however, mistaken in some things, which I desire to cor- 
 rect: 
 
 1. The first piano brought to Chicago was by John B. Beaubien, about 
 1834, as Mr. Wentworth states, and'not by Mr. Samuel Brooks. Mrs. Capt. 
 J. B. F. Russell and Mrs. John H. Kinzie came here prior to Mr. Brooks, 
 bringing their pianos. 
 
 2. He says, in speaking of the old residence of John Kinzie, that he was, 
 at the time he came here, living in a "spacious log-house about opposite Dear- 
 born Street." It was his son, John H. Kinzie, who was then living there; 
 and the house was the United States Indian- Agency, the logs of which were 
 put up by the Indian Agent, Jouett, and left without either roof or floors, and 
 finished and occupied by his successor, Alexander Wolcott, and located where 
 is now the S.-\V. corner of North State and North Water Streets, now em- 
 braced in Wolcott's Addition. Mr. Wolcott married a sister of John H. 
 Kinzie before there was any one authorized to perform the marriage ceremony 
 nearer than Peoria, 111., from which place, Mr. John Hamlin, a Justice of the 
 Peace, was sent for and married them. Mrs. Wolcott, after the death of her 
 husband, obtained a patent from the Government, under the preemption law, 
 for this eighty acres, now Wolcott's Addition to Chicago. 
 
 3. I differ with Mr. Cleaver in regard to the continued inundation of the 
 prairie between the Chicago and .Desplaines Rivers. It was only during 
 spring and fall rains, or unusually heavy rains, that the roads were in the con- 
 dition described by him. Generally in summer and early fall the road was 
 perfectly dry, and very fine and smooth for horse and driver; there was an 
 elasticity to our high or low prairie roads that made them far superior to 
 macadamized ones; they were delightfully free from ruts or sloughs. 
 
 I trust Mr. Cleaver will continue to give us his valuable information, and 
 that he will pardon me for this correction. We old settlers are making history 
 for generations that may come after us, and we should be careful to make it 
 correct. I will thank him to correct any mistatements that may come from 
 me. G. S. HIBBARD. 
 
 * The Steamer Illinois, Capt. Chelsey Blake, was presented with a suit of colors, on 
 July 23, 1839, by the citizens of Chicago. Hon. Wm. B. Ogden made the presentation 
 speech, and Walter L. Newberry, Esq-, replied. Gen. Winfield Scott was present, and 
 Mr. Ogden referred to him as the tried friend of Chicago. See Chicago Daily American, 
 July 24, 1839.
 
 86 
 
 FORT DKARKORN. 
 
 Chicago, July 20, 1881. 
 
 HON. J. WENTWORTH; Dear Sir: Referring to yours of the i5th inst., 
 in which you submit, for my criticism, the cut representing "Fort Dearborn 
 and Chicago in 1831," taken from Wan-Bun, by Mrs. Juliette A. Kinzie, 
 published in 1857: 
 
 I can not believe that Mrs. Kinzie saw the picture until it appeared in her 
 Wau-Bun. It was probably engraved from a sketch by her, and sent to her
 
 APPENDIX ADDITIONAL EARLY RECORDS. 87 
 
 publishers, without an opportunity for her correction. It is certainly unlike 
 the Fort and surroundings, as I recollect them. 
 
 The view appears to be from the north-east, as the enclosure of the Fort 
 was nearly north and south, east and west. The River is intended to be 
 shown inland probably not farther than Dearborn or Clark Streets, as the 
 Agency house was at the corner of North- Water and North- State Streets. 
 
 Fort Dearborn is represented as located on a high elevation, much above 
 the Kinzie House. This is incorrect, as the ground at the Fort was not over 
 eight feet above the River at its lowest stage, while the Kinzie House was 
 two or three feet higher than the Fort. 
 
 There was no sharp point in front of the Fort, north, as shown in the cut. 
 The slope to the River was gradual. At no place fronting the north line of 
 pickets was there over 80 feet to the water's edge; and at the narrowest point, 
 opposite the north gate, from 50 to 60 feet. 
 
 The bend of the River, westerly from the Fort, was gradual. The direc- 
 tion of the River from the bend, westerly, was almost straight to Franklin 
 Street. From Franklin Street it turned gradually southward to the junction 
 of the north and south branches. The point of junction of the two streams 
 was in sight from the Kinzie House. There was no sharp inlet in front of 
 the Kinzie House, as represented in the cut, but there was a slight bend cor- 
 responding with the slight curve opposite. The direction of the cut through 
 the sand-bar and the piers erected conformed to the general course of the 
 River at the Kinzie House. 
 
 The cut shows the Block- House to be the highest building. It was consid- 
 erably lower than the officers' or soldiers' quarters. The brick building, 
 erected in about 1824 or '25, not shown in this cut, was the most prominent 
 structure. It was located about 10 feet south of and parallel with the north 
 picket, and about 10 or 15 feet west of the north gate. It was within the 
 Fort enclosure, and would partially hide in this view the officers' original 
 quarters. There was no fence along the River edge, east of the stockade. 
 
 The Kinzie House was about 200 feet from the River, with a piazza the 
 whole length of its south front. The yard in front was enclosed by a split- 
 picket fence. Inside and close to the east-and-west fence was a row of Lorn- 
 tardy poplar trees. From the piazza, the inside of the Fort was visible 
 through to the south gate. G. S. HUBBARD. 
 
 FORT-DEARBORN MUSTER-ROLL, 
 THE LATEST ON FILE AT WASHINGTON BEFORE THE MASSACRE. 
 
 From a letter received from Hon. Robert T. Lincoln, Secretary of War, 
 July 19, 1881, after most of this pamphlet had been printed, it appears that 
 no Muster-Roil, giving the names of the garrison at Fort Dearborn in 
 1811 or '12, is on file in the War Department. But the general returns of 
 the U. S. Army show that the Fort was garrisoned from June 4, 1804, to 
 June, 1812, by a portion of the 1st Infantry, In these returns, the strength 
 of the garrison, including commissioned and non-commissioned officers, 
 musicians, and privates, is given at various times as follows: June 4, 1804, 
 Capt. John Whistler, 69; Dec. 31, 1806, - , 66; Sept. 30, 1809, 
 
 Capt. John Whistler, 77; Sept. 30, 1810, Capt. Nathan Heald, 67; Sept. 30, 
 iSn, Capt. Nathan Heald, 51; June , 1812, Capt. Nathan Heald, 53. 
 
 The name of Fort Dearborn appears upon record as early as June 4, 1804. 
 
 The Muster- Roll of the garrison of Fort Dearborn, that is here given, was 
 obtained from the Third Auditor's Office of the Treasury Department, where 
 it is on file as a voucher. It is of the latest date that can be found. From 
 the same office was obtained the affidavit of William Griffith and the letter 
 by Capt. Nathan Heald.
 
 88 
 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 M'y agent. Sick. 
 [Term of all enlisted men, 5 yrs. J 
 
 Muster-Rcll of a Company of Infantry under the command of Captain Nathan 
 Heald in the First Regiment of the United States, commanded by Colonel 
 Jacob Kingsbury, from Nov. 30. when last Mustered, to Dec. 31, 1810: 
 
 NO. NAMES. RANK. App'ed or Enlisted. Remarks and Changes since last Muster. 
 
 Captain, 31 Jan., 1807, On furlough in Massachusetts. 
 
 - 2d Lieu't, i May, 1808, Present, of Capt. Rhea^s Co., Act. 
 
 i- 18 Aug., 1808, 
 Surg.Mate,i3 June, 1808, 
 Sergeant, 18 June, 1806, 
 n 2 July, 1808, 
 
 n ro May, 1806, 
 
 - Corporal, 6 July, 1807, 
 
 n 26 Jan., 1810, 
 
 - n 9 Dec., 1807, 
 i. 2 Oct., 1 8 10, 
 
 Fifer, T Oct., 1806, 
 ii 27 June, 1806, 
 
 - Drummer, 5 July, 1808, 
 
 ii 20 Oct., 1807, 
 
 - Private, 27 Nov , 1810, 
 
 ii 21 Aug., 1806, 
 ii July, 1806, 
 
 1 Nathan Heald, - - 
 
 2 Phillip O'Strander, 
 
 3 Seth Thompson, - - 
 
 4 John Cooper, - 
 
 1 Joseph Glass, 
 
 2 John Crozier. - 
 
 3 Richard Rickman, - 
 
 1 1 homas Forth, 
 
 2 Asa Cambell, - - - 
 
 3 Rhodias Jones, 
 
 4 Richard Garner, - - 
 
 1 George Burnet, 
 
 2 John Smith, - - - 
 
 3 John Hamilton, 
 
 4 Hugh McPherson, - 
 
 1 John Allen, - - - 
 
 2 George Adams, - 
 
 3 Presley Andrews, - 
 
 4 Thomas Ashbrook, - 
 
 5 Thomas Burnes, - 
 
 6 Patrick Burk, - - 
 
 7 Redmond Berry, - 
 
 8 William Best, - - 
 
 9 James Chapman, - 
 
 10 James Corbin, - 
 
 11 Fielding Corbin, - 
 
 12 Silas Clark, - - - 
 
 13 James Clark, - 
 
 14 Dyson Dyer, 
 
 15 Stephen Draper, - 
 
 16 Daniel Doryherty, - 
 
 17 Michijah Denison, - - 
 
 1 8 Nathan Edson, - 
 
 19 John Fury, - 
 
 20 Paul Grummo, - 
 
 21 William N. Hunt,- - 
 2 s John Kelso, - 
 
 25 David Kennison, - 
 
 24 Samuel Kilpatrick, - 
 
 25 Jacob Laud i in, 
 
 26 James Latta, - - - 
 
 27 Michael Lynch, 
 
 28 Michael Leonard, 
 
 29 Hugh Logan, - - - 
 
 30 Frederick Locker, - 
 
 31 Andrew Loy, - 
 
 32 August Mortt, - 
 
 35 Ralph Miller, - - - 
 
 34 Peter Miller, 
 
 35 Duncan McCarty, - 
 
 36 Patrick McGowen, - 
 
 37 James Mabury, 
 
 38 William Moffitt, - - 
 
 39 John Moyan, - 
 
 40 John Needs, - - - 
 
 41 Joseph Noles. - 
 
 42 Thomas Poindexter, - 
 
 43 William Prickitt, - 
 
 44 Frederick Peterson, - 
 
 45 David Sherror. 
 
 46 John Suttonfield, 
 
 47 John Smith, - 
 
 48 James Starr, - 
 
 49 Phillip Smith. - 
 
 50 John Simmons, - 
 
 51 James Van Home, - 
 
 52 Anthony L. Waggoner, 
 
 RECAPITULATION : 
 
 Present, fit for duty, 50; 
 sick, 6; unfit for service, 3. 
 On command, i. On furlough, 
 i. Discharged, 6. Total, 67. 
 
 Sick. 
 
 29 Dec., 1805, Term of service expired, 29 Dec., 1810. 
 8 June, 1806. Present. 
 
 27 May, 1806, ii Sick. 
 2 July, 1806, n 
 
 22 April, 1806, n Unfit for service. 
 
 1 Dec., 1805, Time expired, i December, 1810. 
 
 2 Oct., 1810, Present 
 
 7 Dec., 1805, Time expired, 7 December, 1810. 
 15 Aug., 1806, On command at Fort Wayne. 
 
 4 Dec., 1805, Time expired, 4 December, 1810. 
 i Oct., 1 8 10, Present. Sick. 
 
 19 July, 1806, n 
 
 13 Aug., 1807, 
 24 April, 1806, n 
 
 6 April, 1810, n 
 
 19 Mch, 1808, n 
 i Oct., 1810, ii 
 
 8 Oct., 1810, ii 
 
 17 Dec., 1805, Time of service expired, 17 Dec., 1810. 
 
 14 Mch, 1808, Present. 
 
 20 Dec., 1810, n Re-enlisted, 20 Dec., 1810. 
 
 28 Nov., 1807, i Unfit for service. ' 
 to April, 1 8 to, 
 
 20 Dec., 1810, 
 13 April, 1 8 10, 
 
 5 May, 1806, n 
 13 April, 1810, n 
 
 6 July, 1807, ii 
 
 9 July, 1806, n 
 
 19 Dec., 1805, Time of service expired, 19 Dec., 1810. 
 
 13 June, 1806, Present. Unfit for service. 
 31 Aug., 1807, n 
 
 30 April, 1806, ii 
 
 14 April, 1806, 
 
 23 April, 1806, 
 28 June, i So" 1 , 
 
 5 July, 1808, 
 8 Sept., 1810, 
 
 3 Sept., 1810, 
 
 6 June, io6, 
 i June, 1808, 
 
 1 Oct., 1810, 
 
 8 Sept . 1807, 
 
 2 April, 1808, 
 
 18 Nov., 1809, 
 30 April, 1836, 
 14 Mch, 1810, 
 
 2 May, 1810, 
 
 9 Jan , 1806, 
 
 Re-enlisted, 20 Dec., 1810. 
 
 We certify on honor that 
 this Muster- Roll exhibits a 
 true statement of the company 
 commanded by Capt. Nathan 
 Heald. and that the remarks 
 set opposite their names are 
 accurate and just 
 
 PH. O'STRANDER. Lieut., 
 Commanding the Company, 
 J. COOPER, S.-Mate. 
 
 Pay due from i July, 1810; sick. 
 Sick.
 
 APPENDIX ADDITIONAL EARLY RECORDS. 89 
 
 THE LAST PAYMENT TO THE GARRISON OK FORT DEARBORN BEFORE 
 
 THE MASSACRE. 
 TERRITORY OF MICHIGAN, ) 
 
 DISTRICT OF DETROIT. \ Personally appeared before me, the 
 
 undersigned, a justice-of-the-peace in and for the district aforesaid, William 
 Griffith, late lieutenant of the 28th United States Regiment of Infantry, who, 
 being duly sworn, deposeth and saith that in the month of June, 1812, he, 
 deponent, was orderly-sergeant of Capt. Heald's company of the 1st Regiment 
 of U. S. Infantry, stationed at Fort Dearborn, Chicago, and well knows that 
 :said company was paid in the month of June, 1812, by Lieut. Eastman*, through 
 Capt. Heald, nine months' pay to the said month of June inclusive, and that 
 the company at that time consisted of sixty-five rank and file, who, together 
 with the officers, received nine months' pay as aforesaid; and deponent further 
 saith that as he then understood and verily believes there was at the same time 
 a deposit made and left in the hands of Capt. Heald of three months' addition- 
 al pay, which, together with other public property, was taken by the Indians 
 on the 1 5th of August, following, in consequence of the capture of the place. 
 
 WM. GRIFFITH. 
 
 Sworn to and subscribed before me, THOMAS ROWLAND, 
 
 this 22d day of July, A. D. 1818. Justice-of-the- Peace. 
 
 STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE, ) Hollis, Sept. 25, 1819. 
 
 HILLSBOROTGH, ss. \ I, the undersigned, a justice-of-the-peace 
 
 in and for the County aforesaid, do certify that I have carefully examined and 
 compared the foregoing copy with the original, and find it true and correct. 
 
 BENJA. FARLEY, Justice- Peace. 
 
 ST. CHARLES, MISSOURI TERRITORY, May i8th, 1820. 
 
 SIR: I had the honor of receiving your letter of the 3Oth of March, a few 
 days since. The garrison at Chicago, commanded by me at the time Detroit 
 was surrendered by Gen. Hull, were every man paid up to the 3Oth of June, 
 1812, inclusive, officers' subsistence and forage included. 
 
 The last payment embraced nine months, and was made by myself as the 
 agent of Mr. Eastman, he having deposited the money with me for that pur- 
 pose. After making the payment, there was a small balance remaining in my 
 Jiands in favor of Mr. Eastman, but I can not say what the amount was. 
 Every paper relative to that transaction was soon after lost. I am, however, 
 confident there was no deposit with me to pay the garrison for the three 
 months' subsequent to the 3oth of June, 1812. 
 
 The receipt-rolls which I had taken for Mr. Eastman, together with the 
 balance of money in my hands, fell into the hands of the Indians on the I5th 
 of August, 1812, when the troops under my command were defeated near 
 Chicago; what became of them afterwards, I know not. I have no papers 
 in my possession relative to that garrison excepting one muster-roll for the 
 month of May, 1812. By it I find the garrison then consisted of one captain; 
 one 2d-lieutenant; one ensign; one surgeon's- mate; 4 sergeants; 2 corporals; 
 4 musicians; and 41 privates. I can not determine what the strength of the 
 garrison was at any other time during the years 1811 and 1812, but it was on 
 the decline. Monthly returns were regularly transmitted to the adjutant and 
 inspector-general's office, at Washington City, which, I suppose, can be found 
 at any time. I am respectfully, sir, your most obed't serv't, 
 
 PETER HAGNER, Esq., 3d Auditor's Office, NATHAN HEALD. 
 
 Treasury Department, Washington City. 
 
 "Jonathan Eastman, from Vermont, was appointed ensign, ist Infantry, July, iS, 1803; 
 ?d-lieutenant Artillery, March, 1805; District Paymaster, 1806; ist-lieutenant, June. 1807; 
 disbanded. May, 1814.
 
 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 Semi-Annual Muster-Roll of Capt. St. Clair Denny's Company, ("A") of the 
 Fifth Regiment of Infantry, Army of the United States, (Col. Bvt. Brig.- 
 Gen. George M. Brooke,) from June 30, 1836, when last mustered, to 
 Dec. 31, 1836. 
 
 VRS. REMARKS. 
 
 - Commanding Company. 
 
 - [joined since his promotion. 
 
 - At Fort Winnebago, not having 
 
 O. NAMES. RANK. 
 
 1 St. Clair Denny, Capt., April i, '36, [Penn. J 
 
 2 E. K. Smith, - - ist-Lt , March 4, '33, [Conn. J 
 
 3 Samuel Whitehorn, 2d-Lt., Oct. 31, '36, [R. I.J 
 
 1 Nathan'l Carpenter, Sergt, April 13, '35, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Orderly Sergeant. 
 
 2 Michael Rothmon, H April 18, '34, Albany, 3 Prompted to Sergt., Nov. 21, '36. 
 
 1 John Jack, - - - Corpl., July 14, "36, Ft. Dearb'n. 3 Appointed Corpl., Sept. 20, '36. 
 
 2 Daniel O'Connell, 11 Nov. 2, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Appointed Corpl., Nov. 21, 1836. 
 
 1 Benjamin Yoemans, Mus., May i, "35, FtHoward, 3 
 
 2 Michael Walsh, - w Dec. 26, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 i Wm. R. Armstrong, Pvt. , April 30, '34, Albany, 3 
 
 June 26, '35, Utica, 3 
 May 7, '34, Utica. 3 
 May ii, "35, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 April 23, '34, Rochester, 3 On extra duty as Teamster, by 
 Sept. 22, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 [order of Capt. Denny. 
 
 Dec. 5, '36, n 3 
 May 6, '34, Utica, 3 
 June 9, '35, Albany, 3 
 Dec. 8, '35, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 Oil. 22, '36, H ii 3 [by order of Capt Denny. 
 
 May ii, '35, H ir 3 On extra duty Hospital Steward, 
 April 26, '34, Albany. 3 
 
 lulv i '35 Ft Dearb'n i /"Deserted from Ft. Dearb'n, Sept. . 
 I ' I' if a PP re h'<l at Mackinac, Sept. 30, 1836, 
 
 J uiy o, 30, - 3 1 $30 paid for appreh'n, in confinement 
 
 jK f '^l Cnflro*-r. W * I _. 1? * * !-*__ 
 
 2 John Aylward, 
 
 3 David Barry, - - 
 
 4 Thomas Brwn, - 
 
 5 Richard Clegg, 
 
 6 James M. Clemons, 
 
 7 Thorndike Clary, - 
 
 8 Hugh Donoly. - 
 
 9 Alvah Freeman, - 
 
 10 John Fisher, - - 
 
 11 John Cant, - - - 
 
 1 2 Wm. S. Grames, - 
 
 13 John Kane, - - - 
 
 14 Isaac Lane, - - 
 
 15 Donold McKenzie, 
 
 16 George McGregor, 
 
 17 Ezekiel Napton, - 
 
 18 Hiram Persons, - 
 
 19 William Pix, - - 
 
 20 William Thompson, 
 
 21 Marvin R. Wade, 
 
 22 Edward Weever, 
 
 DISCHARGED 
 
 i Sinclair Cree, - 
 
 DESERTED : 
 
 1 Henry Stark, - 
 
 2 Lorin Bingham, 
 
 3 James Clark, - - H 
 
 4 John G. Doherty, 
 
 5 Lorenzo Downing, 
 
 6 Hiram Lyon, - - n 
 
 7 Franklin Mills, - 
 
 8 John Shehan, - - it 
 
 9 Thomas Cassidy. n 
 
 10 Donold McKenzie, n 
 
 11 John Bryson, - - Corpl., 
 
 12 James Youngs, - Pvt., 
 
 13 James A. Lynch, - 
 
 14 Alvarado Burt, - 
 
 15 Peter Shepperd, - 
 
 1 6 Thomas Braoy, - 
 
 17 George Gardner, - 
 
 1 8 William Brady, - 
 
 19 David H. Pierson, 
 
 RESIGNED : 
 
 i T. Stockton, - - 
 
 - - - 'i3opaid 
 
 Feb. 5, 33, Sacket's H., 5 Ut Fort Ma 
 
 April 10, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 On extra duty as Teamster, by 
 
 Feb. 19, '33, Rochester, 5 [order of Capt. Denny. 
 
 July 25, '36; Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 Jan. 20, '36, ii it 3 
 
 May 9, '34, Rochester, 3 
 
 July 13, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 - Pvt, Oct 20, '33, White Hall, 3 Term of enlistment expired. 
 
 CorpL, March i, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 July 17, '36, from Ft. Dearborn. 
 
 - Pvt., June 22, '35, Utica, 3 Aug. 25, 36, n w n 
 
 ii Jan. 12, -33, Sacket's H., 3 July 25, '36, n n 
 
 May 27, '35, Syracuse, 3 June 26, '36, Jefferson Bar. 
 Feb. 21, '36, Ft Dearb'n, 3 July 8, '36, his furlough expired, 
 
 April 23, '34, Albany, 3 July 29, '36, from Ft. Dearborn. 
 
 June 25, '35, Syracuse, 3 July 25, '36, n n 
 
 June 23. '35, Utica, 3 Aug. 2, '36, n 11 
 
 Feb. u, '33, Sacket's H., 5 Aug. 28, '36, 11 n 
 
 July 6, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Sept. 22, '36, M 
 
 June 10, '35, Rochester, 3 Oct. 6, '36, u u u 
 
 June 24, "35, Albany, 3 Oct. 16, '36, it 11 n 
 
 Nov. 22, '33, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Oct 22, '36, n n 
 
 July 25, '36, n n 3 Dec. 14, 36, u 
 
 June 23, '35, Utica. 3 Dec. 15, '36, n 
 
 Oct. 25, '3*, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Dec. 22, '36, n H 
 
 June 17, '35, Syracuse, 3 Dec. 23, '36, n . n 
 
 June 17, "35, Rochester, 3 Dec. 25, "36, 11 u n 
 
 Oct. 21, '36, Ft Dearb'n, 3 Dec. 26, '36, n it 
 
 Mus. 
 Pvt, 
 
 2d-Lt, July i, '34, [Del.] - Resigned, Oct. 31, 1836. 
 
 RECAPITULATION : Present, fit for duty, 26; on extra duty, 3. Absent on detached ser- 
 vice, i: in confinement, i. Total, 37. Alterations since last muster: enlisted in 12; trans- 
 ferred, i; desertion, i: total, 14. Discharged by expiration of service, 2; deserted, 19. 
 
 [Certificates signed by] ST. CLAIK DENNY, Captain sth Infantry. 
 
 [Dated at] Camp Brady, Wisconsin Terr 'y, Dec. 31, '36. Received at A.-G. O., Feb. 25, '37. 
 
 Left Ft. Dearb'n, Chicago, 111., on Dec. 29, '36, and arr'd at C'p Brady, W. T., Dec. 30, '36.
 
 APPENDIX ADDITIONAL EARLY RECORDS. 
 
 Semi-Annual Muster-Roll of Capt. and Bvt.-Maj. Wilcox's Company, (" B,") 
 of the Fifth Regiment of Infantry, Army of the United States, (Col. Bvt. 
 Brig. -Gen. George M. Brooke,) from June 30, 1836, when last mustered, 
 to Dec. 31, 1836. 
 
 ENLISTED. 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 - On Detached Serivce, Recruting. 
 
 - At Fort Winnebago, not having 
 
 [joined since promotion. 
 5 
 
 SO. NAMES. RANK. 
 
 1 D. Wilcox, Capt. & Bt. Mj. April i, '22, 
 
 2 J. H. Whipple, - ad-Lt , Oct. 31, '36, [Mass.] 
 
 1 Dudley Johnson, Or. Serg. , Aug. 17, '34, Ft^ Dearb'n, 3 
 
 2 Conrad Schopfer, - Sergt., Feb. 23, '33, 
 
 Buffalo, 
 
 3 Hiram Bogert, - May 9, '35, Rochester, 3 Promoted to Sergt., Nov. 21, '36. 
 
 1 Arnold Reynolds, - Corpl., April 18, '36, Ft. Dearb'n. 3 Des'd 15, app'd Aug. 20/36, pard. 
 
 2 Richard Vennor, it June 27, '35, Albany, 3 Appointed Corpl., Nov. 21, '36. 
 i Henry I. Ostrom, Mus., Aug. 29, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 1 Edward Kurrows, Priv'te, Dec. 7, '36, n ti 3 
 
 2 William Bell, - - -i Oct. 3, '36, it 3 Reenlisted, Oct. 3, 1836. 
 
 3 Luke Brennan, - H May 29, '35, Rochester, 3 
 
 4 Michael Enghart, " April 12, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 
 5 John Foss, - - >r June 30, '35, Albany, 3 
 
 6 Samuel Granger, - May 25, '35, n 3 Left sick at Chicago. 
 
 7 John Guy, - - - .. Sept 28, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Reenlisted, Sept. 28, 1836. 
 
 8 Peter Johnson, - - n June 29, '$>, Philadelp'a, 5 
 
 9 John King, - - Dec. 24, '36, Ft Dearb'n, 3 
 
 10 John B. LaFontine, Dec. 28, '3*, >i n 3 
 
 11 John F. Mapes, - n June 24, '35, Syracuse, 3 
 
 12 Wesley B. Porter, M Nov. 13, 36, Ft. Drarb'n, 3 
 
 13 William Reed, - Feb. 12, '35, New York, 3 
 
 14 John Summers, - June 27, '35, Albany, 
 
 15 John Smith, - - May i, '34, Utica, 
 
 1 6 Peter Sang. - - - n June 18, '35, Albany, 
 
 ng. 
 
 17 Robert Wi listen, 
 TRANSFERRED: 
 
 Dec. 28, '32, Buffalo, 
 
 3 [joined since transfer. 
 
 3 At Fort Winnebago, not having 
 
 ["E," at Ft. Winnebago. 
 
 1 A. H. Tappen, Bvt. 2d-Lt., July i, '35, [Ohio.] - Prom'd and transfd to Company 
 
 2 L. T. Jamison, - ist-Lt , April 30, '36, [Virginia.] - Prom'd to Capt. of Comp'y "F." 
 
 3 J. L. Thompson, - 2d-Lt., July i, '28, [Tennessee,] - Prom'd to ist-Lt. of Comp'y "F." 
 
 4 Joseph Adams, Or. Sergt., May i, '34, Ft. Dearb'n. 3 Left at Chicago. 
 
 DISCHARGED : 
 
 i Robert Lingard, - Priv'te, Aug. 14, '33. Chicago, 3 Term expired, Aug. 
 
 Oct. 10, '33, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 
 Oct. 23, '33, .. ii 3 
 Oct. 30, '33, New York, 3 
 
 Oct. 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 20, '36, Ft Dearb'n, 3 Disch'g'd, Nov. 29, 
 Dec. 28, '33, Chicago, 3 Term expired, Dec. 
 
 o, 183*. 
 3, 1836. 
 o, 1836. 
 6; Disable. 
 8, 1836. 
 
 Dearborn, 
 
 2 William Bell, - - 
 
 3 John Guy, - - 
 
 4 Antonie Ritchner, 
 
 5 Hugh Livingston, 
 
 6 William Adams, - 
 
 DESERTED : 
 
 1 Robert Rand, - - Priv'te, April 25, '34, Rochester. 3 July 18, '36, f om F 
 
 2 Moulton Bartlett, - July i, '35, Rochester, 3 July 22, '36, 
 
 3 Otto Miller, - - n Feb. 17, '33, Buffalo, 5 July 25, '36, 
 
 4 Rich. VanVraukin, >! June f, '35, Utica, 3 July 26, '36, 
 
 5 George B. Mack, June 16, "35, Rochester, 3 July 30, '36, 
 
 6 William Tripp. - - u April 29, '34, Albany, 3 Aug. 6, '36, i 
 
 7 Arnold Reynolds, Corpl., April 18. '3*. Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Aug. 15, '36, i 
 
 8 David Sherman, - Priv'te, April 17. '34, Rochester, 3 Aug. 30, '3*, i 
 
 9 Daniel W. Johnson, Corpl , June 6, '35, n 3 Oct. 6, '36, i 
 
 10 John P. Bennett, Priv te, June 2, '35, u 3 Oct. 12, '36. n 
 
 11 Martin Redding, - .. June 16, '35, Albany. 3 Oct. 12, '36, i 
 
 12 Thomas D. Vault, ir May 8, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Nov. 17, '36, i 
 
 13 Palmer Robinson, Mus., May 25, "35, Syracuse, 3 Dec. 15, '36, u 
 
 14 Joseph. C. M. Cole.Priv'te, June 27, '35, Rx:he-ter, 3 Dec. 15, '36, n 
 Horace H. Wheeler, >. April 18. '35, 3 Dec. 15. '36, i 
 
 Sei t. 12, '36, Ft. Dearb'n, 3 Dec. 19, '36, > 
 June 10, '35. Baltimore, 3 Dec. 21, '36, i 
 April 2, '35, Freder'kt'n, 3 Dec. 25, '36, ti 
 May 16. '34, Utica, 3 Dec 27, '36, n 
 
 RECAPITULATION : Present for duty, 21 : absent on detached service, 3 ; sick, i ; Total, 25. 
 Alterations since lavt muster: recruits from depots, 7: reenlisted, 2; by transfer, i; deser- 
 tion, i; total, ii. Discharged. 6; transferred. 5: deserted, 13. 
 
 [C'tif's signed by] J. H. WHIPPLP, Lt. Com'd'gCo.,[and] ST.CLAIR DENNY, Capt. sth Infy. 
 
 [Dated at] Camp Brady, Wisconsin Terr'y, Dec. 31, 1836. 
 
 Left Ft. Dearb'n, Chicago, 111 , Dec. 29, '36, and arr'd at Camp Brady, W. T., Dec. 30, '36. 
 
 15 Horace H . Wheeler, 
 
 16 Horatio Peebe. 
 
 17 Patrick McMullen, 
 
 18 Patrick Welch. - 
 
 19 Richard Parker, -
 
 APPENDIX FORT DEARBORN, ETC. 
 
 . 
 
 3 fe a M ^ - 
 
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 94 FORT DEARBORN. 
 
 CHICAGO'S EARLY HARBOR. 
 
 MENOMINEE, MICH., April 13, 1881. 
 
 This morning, I saw a notice of the death of David McKee and 
 Mark Beaubien. My mind is carried back to the time when my 
 brother, wife, and two children, on the second day of October, 
 1836, landed off the little topsail - schooner White Pigeon, on 
 about one hundred feet of dock all there was at that time. 
 Then young, but now an old man in my 73d year, it scarcely 
 seems possible, yet all the little incidents and occurrences of that 
 time are fresh in my mind. In Lake Huron our little craft was 
 cast on her beam-ends in a terrible squall, but, after half an hour, 
 righted, and managed to get into Presque Isle, ninety miles below 
 Mackinaw, where we found six other schooners. The wind finally 
 lulled and hauled round in the east, and we all came out and had 
 a splendid run through the Straits, and up to the Manitous, when 
 the wind hauled around to the northwest and gave us "Hail 
 Columbia." We were three or four days in making the west 
 shore, and then under close-reefed sails ran up to Chicago to 
 find that we could not get into the harbor. They had got it 
 dredged across the breadth of the peninsula, and timbers in 
 sufficient to let small vessels through, but the terrible storm had 
 torn up the timbers to such an extent, as to obstruct the passage 
 entirely, and we were obliged to lie off till the obstruction was 
 removed, when our schooner was warped in, but not one of the 
 other six vessels got in. Two of them lost their masts and drove 
 across the lake and beached. Two others, the Erie and Cedes, 
 beached about three miles above the harbor. The Martin Van 
 Buren attempted to enter the harbor, but the Wm. Henry Harrison, 
 a larger vessel, coming in close behind, struck her in the stern, 
 breaking a hole in her, when she sank, while the Harrison 
 bounded off and glided around the pier and sunk on the south 
 side. Many thought at the time it was portentious, and it looked 
 something like it, as Gen. Harrison, in the pending presidential 
 election, succeeded over Van Buren, and then died in thirty days. 
 After the election of 1840 it was often spoken of. There was an 
 immense quantity of dry-goods spoiled, or nearly so; the prairie 
 was covered with prints, the house-tops with cloths and finer goods, 
 and all were sold at auction that could be, and it was gay times 
 and money was plenty. But before next spring the whole scene 
 changed, and what a change ! Wild-cat Banks first showed their 
 eyes, then their claws, and then their teeth, and the crash came. 
 
 I really thought I would write an article, but being old and not 
 very well I shall have to give it up, as it will be too long. At 
 some future time, if I am well, I will give you a little touch of 
 early times and scenes. [Died May 18, 1881.] THOMAS Q. GAGE.
 
 INDEX 
 
 A. 
 
 Abbott, Dr, Lucius, 16. 
 
 Ackerman, William K., 5. 
 
 Adair, John, 21. 
 
 Adams, George, 88. 
 
 Adams, Henry, 70. 
 
 Adams, Joseph, 32, 36, 70, 71, 91. 
 
 Adams, Ralph, 70. 
 
 Adams, William, 91. 
 
 Adams, William H., 65. 
 
 Adams, Sybel, 14. 
 
 Adams, Sarah H., married Dr. Allen 
 
 W. Gray, 70. 
 Ah-mah-quau-zah-quuah, or Mary 
 
 Wells, 45, 46. 
 Ah-pez-zah-quah, or Ann Wells, 45, 
 
 46. 
 
 Allen, B. F., 33. 
 Allen, James, 33-6, 38, 48, 71. 
 Allen, John, 88. 
 Ament, Anson, 66, 79. 
 Ament, Calvin, 66, 79. 
 Ament, Edward, 79. 
 Ament, Hiram, 79. 
 Ament, John, 79. 
 Ament, John, jr., 79. 
 Ament, Justus, 79. 
 Anderson, Capt. Thomas, 55, 57. 
 Andrews, Presley, 18, 88. 
 Anthony Wayne (steamboat), 75. 
 Appleby, Capt. Oilman, 84. 
 Archer, Robert H., 69. 
 Armstrong, Wm. R., 90. 
 Arnold, Isaac N., 3-6, 8, 23, 93. 
 Ashbrook, Thomas, 88. 
 At water, Major, 50. 
 Ayer, Benjamin F., 5. 
 Aylward, John, 90. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bailey, Daniel, 64. 
 Bailey, Jacob W., 69. 
 Bailey, Esther, 12. 
 
 Baker, Daniel, 23, 47. 
 
 Barber, William, 66. 
 
 Barclay, Capt., 61. 
 
 Barr, Mrs. Robert, 93. 
 
 Barry, David, 90. 
 
 Bartlett, Moulton, 91. 
 
 Bates, George C., 26. 
 
 Bates, John, 4. 
 
 Bates, Kinzie, 26. 
 
 Bauer, Lawrence, 4. 
 
 Baxley, Joseph, 35, 48. 
 
 Beach, John, 69. 
 
 Beach, Samuel S., 5. 
 
 Beard, Henry S., 24. 
 
 Beard, Mrs. Henry S., 24. 
 
 Beaubien, Alexander, 5, 21, 26, 27, 
 
 79- 
 
 Beaubien, Charles, 44, 79. 
 Beaubien, David, 5. 
 Beaubien, Edward, 5. 
 Beaubien, Frank, 5. 
 Beaubien, Frank Gordon, 5, 79. 
 Beaubien, George, 5. 
 Beaubien, Henry, 5. 
 Beaubien, Isadore, 5. 
 Beaubien, Gen. John B., 5, 12, 15, 
 
 21, 24, 33, 38-42, 44, 55, 68, 71, 
 
 79, 85, 86. 
 Beaubien, John, 5. 
 Beaubien, Josette (Lafromboise). 24. 
 Beaubien, Maurice D. P., 5. 
 Beaubien, Mark, 5, 15, 34, 42, 44, 
 
 55, 66, 67, 68, 76, 77. 79, 94. 
 Beaubien, Mark, jr., 55. 
 Beaubien, Medore B., 21, 23, 24, 68. 
 Beaubien, Philip, 5. 
 Beaubien, Saliston, 5. 
 Beaubien, Slidell, 5. 
 Beaubien, Therese (Lafromboise) 
 
 (Walk ins), 24. 
 Beaubien, William R., 5. 
 Beaubien, William S., 5. 
 Beauregard, Gen. P. G. T., 62. 
 Beebe, Horatio, 91.
 
 96 INDEX. 
 
 Beeson, J. S. W., 25. 
 
 Bell, William, 91. 
 
 Bender, George, 34, 35, 48. 
 
 Benham, Henry W., 24. 
 
 Bennett, John P., 91. 
 
 Bennett, Reuben J., 4. 
 
 Bennett, Robert J., 3, 4, 5, 6. 
 
 Berry, Redmond, 88. 
 
 Best, William, 88. 
 
 Bishop, Levi, 84. 
 
 Bingham, Lorin, 90. 
 
 Black Bird (Indian chief), 52. 
 
 Black Hawk (Indian chief), 12, 31, 
 
 34, 37, 55, 65, 72, 73- 
 Black, Henry M., 82. 
 Black Snake, or Caff. William 
 
 Wells, 45. 
 
 Blake, Capt. Chelsey, 75, 84, 85. 
 Blanchard, Rufus, 17. 
 Blodgett, Judge Henry W., 66. 
 Blodgett, I. P., 66. 
 Boardman, George E., 93. 
 Bogert, Hiram V., 91. 
 Bomford, James V., 69. 
 Bond, Ezra, 65. 
 Bond, Heman S., 65. 
 Bond, William, 65. 
 Boone, Dr. Levi D., 39. 
 Bouche, Henry, 65. 
 Bouche, Joseph, 25. 
 Bousha, or Bouche, Henry, 65. 
 Bowen, James (or Joseph), 17, 53. 
 Bowman, James M., 69. 
 Brackett, John E., 69. 
 Brady, Gen. Hugh, 35, 71. 
 Brady, Thomas, 90. 
 Brady, William, 90. 
 Bradley, Hezekiah, 22, 23, 47. 
 Bradley, II., 73. 
 Brand, Alexander, 93. 
 Brennan, Luke, 91. 
 Brewster, Hogan & Co. (firm), 25. 
 Brewster, Theron D., 77. 
 Brice, Wallace A., 17. 
 Bristol, Robert C., 72, 75. 
 Bristol & Porter (firm), 76. 
 Brock, Gen. Isaac, 15, 59. 
 Bronson, Arthur, 93. 
 Brooke, George M., 90, 91. 
 Brooks, Samuel, 85. 
 Bross, William, 4, 67. 
 Brown, Adam, 61. 
 Brown, Henry, 17, 93. 
 Brown, Gen. Jacob, 27, 47. 
 Brown, Jacob, 69. 
 
 Brown, Jesse B., 65. 
 
 Brown, Rufus, 65. 
 
 Brown, Thomas, 90. 
 
 Brown, Hon. William H., 93. 
 
 Brush, Alfred, 69. 
 
 Bryson, John, 90. 
 
 Buchanan, Pres, James, 44. 
 
 Buckner, Simon B., 32. 
 
 Bunker Hill (steamboat), 75. 
 
 Burchard, Mathew, 39, 40, 42. 
 
 Burgoyne, Gen. John, 14, 44. 
 
 Burk, Patrick, 88. 
 
 Burley, Arthur G., 5. 
 
 Burnam, , 18. 
 
 Burnes, Thomas, 88. 
 
 Burnett, Ward Benjamin, 38, 69. 
 
 Burnett, George, 18, 88. 
 
 Burnham, , 74. 
 
 Burrows, Edward, 91. 
 
 Burt, Alvarado, 90. 
 
 Bushy, Joseph, 25. 
 
 Butterfield, Justin, 93. 
 
 Butterfield, Lyman, 66. 
 C. 
 
 Caldwell, Billy, or Sauganash ( Ind- 
 ian Chief), 25-28, 31, 33, 60, 61,- 
 68, 93- 
 
 Caldwell, Susan, 28. 
 
 Calhoun, John, 25. 
 
 Calhoun, John C., <Z2. 
 
 Calumet Club, 32, 44, 67, 68, 76, 77, 
 
 78, 79- 
 
 Cambell, Asa, 88. 
 
 Campbell, Major James B., 93. 
 
 Carey Mission, 25. 
 
 Carpenter, Philo, 33. 
 
 Carpenter, Nathaniel, 90. 
 
 Carter, Thomas B., 5. 
 
 Cass, George W., 69. 
 
 Cass, Gen. Lewis, 58, 59, 60, 71. 
 
 Cassidy, Thomas, 90. 
 
 Caton, John Dean, 22, 67, 70. 
 
 Cedes (schooner), 94. 
 
 Chamberlain, Dr., 74. 
 
 Chamblee, or Shabonee (Indian ch'f), 
 27, 28, 31, 33, 58, 60, 61. 
 
 Chandonais, Jean Baptiste ( Indian 
 chief), 19, 20. 
 
 Chapman, James, 88. 
 
 Che-che-pin-gua, or Alexander Rob- 
 inson ( Indian chief ), 26-8, 31, 33, 
 41. 
 
 Chetlain, A. L., 5, 15. 
 
 Clark, Denis, 66. 
 
 Clark, James, 88.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 97 
 
 Clark, James, 90. 
 
 Clark, John M., 57. 
 
 Clark, Mrs. Robert, 57. 
 
 Clark, Silas, 88. 
 
 Clark, Gen. William, 49, 50. 
 
 Clary, Thorndike, 90. 
 
 Clay, Henry, 84. 
 
 Cleaver, Charles, 85. 
 
 Clegg, Richard, 90. 
 
 Clemons, James M., 90. 
 
 Clybourn, Archibald, 77. 
 
 Cocke, Philip St. George, 69. 
 
 Cole, Josephus C. M., 91. 
 
 Collins, James H., 40, 41. 
 
 Collinsworth, John T., 33, 48. 
 
 Columbus (steamboat), 75. 
 
 Commodore Perry (steamboat), 84. 
 
 Conrad, Charles M., 41. 
 
 Cooper, Isabella, 56. 
 
 Cooper, John, 18, 55, 56, 88. 
 
 Corbin, Fielding [or Phelim], 18, 53, 
 
 88. 
 
 Corbin, James, 18, 53, 88. 
 Corbin, Phelim [or Fielding], 18, 53, 
 
 88. 
 
 Corbin, Mrs. Phelim, 18, 53. 
 Corinthian Lodge (Free Mason), 14. 
 Cornwallis, Lord, 44. 
 Couch, James, 4. 
 Cree, Sinclair, 90. 
 Crittenden, George B., 69. 
 Crittenden, John J., 84. 
 Croghan, George, 58. 
 Crosby, Charles, 5. 
 Crozier, John, 88. 
 Cummings, Alexander, 23, 30, 47, 
 
 49- 
 Currin, John, 25. 
 
 D. 
 
 Daniel Webster (steamboat), 75. 
 
 Davis, Jefferson, 28, 29. 
 
 Day, Hannibal, 32, 48. 
 
 Dean, John, 27, 41, 86. 
 
 Dearborn, Gen. Henry, 9, 10, 14, 22, 
 
 59- 
 
 Dearborn, Gen. Henry A. S., 10. 
 Dearborn, Henry G. R., 10. 
 Deas, Edward, 69. 
 Debaif, Samuel, 65. 
 De Camp, Dr. Samuel G. I., 30, 31, 
 
 48, 49. 
 
 Denison, Michijah, 18, 88. 
 Denny, St. Clair, 35, 48, 90, 91. 
 Dewey, George, 80. 
 
 Dix, Robert S., 69. 
 
 Dodge, John C.,',93. 
 
 Doe, John, 71. 
 
 Dole, George W., 25, 64, 93. 
 
 Doherty, John G., 90. 
 
 Donoly, Hugh, 90. 
 
 Dorr, - (Master of Schooner 
 
 Tracy), 13. 
 
 Doryherty, Daniel, 88. 
 Douglas, Charles, 44. 
 Douglas, Stephen A., 23, 77. 
 Downing, Lorenzo, 90. 
 Downs, Oscar, 5. 
 Doyle, Alexander, 26. 
 Drake, Samuel G., 82. 
 Draper, Stephen, 88. 
 Dulanty, Michael, 4. 
 Dyer, C. H., 93. 
 Dyer, Dyson, 18, 53, 88. 
 Dyer, Thomas, 93. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eastman, Lieut. J. L., 50. 
 Eastman, Jonathan, 89. 
 Edson, Nathan, 17, 53, 88. 
 Edwards, Aaron, 59. 
 Edwards, Dr. Abraham, 55-60. 
 Edwards, Albert G., 69. 
 Edwards, A. H., 55-60. 
 Edwards, Mrs. Maria (Heald), 15. 
 Edwards, Mrs. Ruthy (Hunt), 59. 
 Edwards, T. A. H., 55, 57. 
 Egan, Dr. William B., 93. 
 Ellis, Samuel, 65. 
 EJlis & Fergus (firm), 17. 
 Enghart, Michael, 91. 
 Engle, James, 30, 48. 
 Engle, Mrs. James, 30. 
 Erie (schooner), 94. 
 Ewell, Benjamin S., 69. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fair, Richard G., 69. 
 
 Farley, Benjamin, 89. 
 
 Farnum, Mrs. Isabella (Cooper), 56. 
 
 Fearson, John, 13. 
 
 Fearson, Julia, 13. 
 
 Fearson, Mary (LaDake), 13. 
 
 Fergus, Robert, 17, 57, 58. 
 
 Findly, James, 59. 
 
 Finley, Clement A., 30, 48. 
 
 Fisher, John, 90. 
 
 Ford, Judge Thomas, 39. 
 
 Forth, Thomas, 88.
 
 98 INDEX. 
 
 Foss, John, 91. 
 Foster, Amos, 30, 48. 
 Foster, Caleb, 66. 
 Foster, Dr. John H., 30. 
 Fowle, John, jr., 30, 33, 48. 
 Fox, George, 66. 
 Fox, John, 66. 
 Freeman, Alvah, 90. 
 Fuller, Henry, 43, 44. 
 Furman, John G., 30, 48. 
 Fury, John, 18, 88. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gage, S. T., 65. 
 
 Gage, Thomas Q., 94. 
 
 Galloway, Andrew J., 4. 
 
 Gant, John, 90. 
 
 Gardner, C. K., 14, 20, 45. 
 
 Gardner, George, 90. 
 
 Garner, Richard, 88. 
 
 Gatlin, Richard C., 69. 
 
 Gault, William, 66. 
 
 Gibson, John C., 44. 
 
 Giddings, Josiah H., 66. 
 
 Gilbert, Mrs. Mary Ann (Wolcott), 
 
 46. 
 
 Gill, Edmund, 93. 
 Ginsday, James, 65. 
 Glass, Joseph, 88. 
 Goodrich, Grant, 93. 
 Gordon, Mrs. Nellie (Kinzie), 23. 
 Graham, Col. J. D., 93. 
 Grames, Wm, S., 90. 
 Granger Samuel, 91. 
 Grant, Gen. Ulysses S., 82. 
 Graves, Dexter, 25. 
 Gray, Dr. Allen W., 70. 
 Gray, John, 70. 
 Gray, Wm. B. H., 5. 
 Great Western (steamboat), 75, 76. 
 Greene, John, 23, 35, 47, 48. 
 Greenough, Charles P., 82. 
 Griffin, George H., 69. 
 Griffith, William, 87, 89. 
 Griggs, Mathew, 46. 
 Griggs, Samuel, 46. 
 Gromet, see Grummon, 17, 18, 53. 
 Grummo, Paul, 17, 18, 53, 88. 
 Grummon, or Grummond, or Grum- 
 
 mow, or Gromet, Paul, 17, 18, 53. 
 Guy, John, 91. 
 
 H. 
 Hackley, Ann, 45. 
 
 Hackley, John, 45. 
 
 Hackley, Rebecca (Wells), 46. 
 
 Hackley, Capt. - - , 45. 
 
 Hackley, Mrs. Capt. , 46. 
 
 Hadduck, Edward H. , 25, 70. 
 
 Hager, Albert D., 4. 
 
 Hagnar, Peter, 89. 
 
 Haines, Elijah M., 4. 
 
 Hall, Eugene J., 3, 7. 
 
 Hamilton, Richard J., 64, 65. 
 
 Hamilton, John, 18, 88. 
 
 Hamlin, John, 26, 85. 
 
 Hardin, James P., 69. 
 
 Harmar, Gen. Josiah, 45. 
 
 Harmon, Charles L., 81. 
 
 Harmon, Dr. Elijah Dewey, 25, 65, 
 
 81. 
 
 Harmon, Isaac, 25, 65. 
 Harmon, Isaac D., 65, 81. 
 Harris, Benjamin, 65. 
 Harrison, Carter H., 4, 82. 
 Harrison, Edmund, 66. 
 Harrison, Gen. William H., 22, 28, 
 
 44, 46, 5' 57, 61, 82, 94. 
 Hays, Sergeant, 18. 
 Hawley, Perez, 66. 
 Heald, Darius, 5, 20-22. 
 Heald, Eliza, 15. 
 Heald, Jonas, 15. 
 Heald, Margaret, 20. 
 Heald, Maria, 15. 
 Heald, Mary, 20. 
 Heald, Nathan, 3, 14-6, 18-21, 45-7, 
 
 So-i, 53-5, 57, 83, 87, 88, 89. 
 Heald, Mrs. Rebekah (Wells), 14, 16, 
 
 18-20, 47, 53. 
 
 Heald, Mrs. Sybel (Adams), 14. 
 Heald, Thomas, 14. 
 Heald, Judge Thomas, 15. 
 Helm, Charles J., 16. 
 Helm, Francis T., 16. 
 Helm, Linai T,, 16, 52, 53. 
 Helm, Mrs. Louise (Whistler), 16. 
 Helm, Mrs. Margaret (McKillup), 16, 
 
 52, 53, 83. 
 
 Helm, William Edwin, 16. 
 Helm, William Willis, 16. 
 Henry Clay (steamboat), 37, 38, 72. 
 Hernandez, General Joseph, 24. 
 Herndon, John F., 65. 
 Hesler, Alexander, 93. 
 Hickling, William, 27. 
 Hill, Thomas M., 69. 
 Hilliard, Maria (vessel), 93. 
 Hobson. Basley, 66.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 99 
 
 Hogan, John S. C., 25, 64. 
 
 Holden, Charles C. P., 5. 
 
 Holt, Sergeant, 18. 
 
 Holt, wife of Sergeant, 18. 
 
 Hooke, Moses, u. 
 
 Hotchkiss, Miles, 26. 
 
 Howell, George, 76. 
 
 Howell, Lewis, 69. 
 
 Hoyne, Frank, 5. 
 
 Hoyne, Thomas, 3, 4, 6. 
 
 Hoyt, William M., 3, 5, 6. 
 
 Hubbard, Gurdon S., 4, 6, 31, 76, 83, 
 
 85, 87, 93- 
 Hull, Gen. William, 15, 18, 42, 51, 
 
 53, 55, 59, 60, 67, 79, 89. 
 Humphreys, Gen. A. A., 34, 36. 
 Hunt, Alexander, 59. 
 Hunt, Gen. Henry J., 56, 59. 
 Hunt, Gen. Lewis C., 56. 
 Hunt, Ruthy, 55, 59. 
 Hunt, Samuel W., 56. 
 Hunt, Thomas, 54, 56, 57, 59. 
 Hunt, Thomas, jr., 56, 57, 59. 
 Hunt, William N., 88. 
 Hunter, Gen. David, 28, 30, 48, 93. 
 Hurlbut, H. H., 12. 
 
 I. 
 
 Illinois (steamboat), 75, 84, 85. 
 Irwin, Mathew, 25, 49, 83. 
 Irvine, Mathew, 49. 
 
 J- 
 
 Jack, John, 90. 
 
 Jackson, Pres. Andrew, 38, 60, 63. 
 Jackson, John, 39. 
 Jackson, Samuel, 81. 
 James Allen (steamboat), 34. 
 James Madison (steamboat), 75. 
 Jameson, Judge John A., 4. 
 Jamison, Lewis T., 33, 36, 48, 70, 
 
 7.1, 91- 
 Jefferson, Pres. Thomas, 9, 59, 62. 
 
 Jewett or Jouett, Charles, 25, 85. 
 Jocelyn & Chamberlin (firm), 76. 
 Johnson, Daniel W., 91. 
 Johnson, Dudley, 91. 
 Johnson, Harriet, 32. 
 Johnson, Peter, 91. 
 Johnson, Richard M., 58. 
 Johnson, Seth, 32, 37, 48, 74. 
 Johnston, John, 49, 82, 83. 
 Johnston, Mrs. John, 83. 
 
 7 
 
 Jones, Rhodias, 88. 
 Jones, Gen. Roger, 47, 49. 
 Jordon, Walter, 50, 51. 
 Jouett, Charles, 25, 85. 
 Joy, James F., 42. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kane, Elias K., 26. 
 Kane, John, 90. 
 
 Keamble, , 18. 
 
 Kello, William O., 69. 
 Kelso, John, 88. 
 Kenney, T. B., 35. 
 Kennison, David, 88. 
 Kerchival, Gholson, 25, 64. 
 Keyes. Erasmus D., 69. 
 Kilpatrick, Samuel, 88. 
 Kimball, Mark, 5. 
 Kimball, Walter, 4. 
 
 Kimball, , 18. 
 
 Kimberly, Dr. Edmund S., 93. 
 King, John, 91. 
 King, Sherman, 66. 
 King, W. H., 5 . 
 King, Vice-Pres. William R., 60. 
 Kingsbury, Gaines P., 69. 
 Kingsbury, Jacob, 88. 
 Kingsbury, Julius J. B., 32, 48. 
 Kinzie, Mrs. Eleanor (McKillup), 26, 
 
 S3- 
 
 Kinzie, Ellen M., 26, 54. 
 Kinzie, James, 65, 71. 
 Kinzie, John, 16, 21, 25, 26, 30, 54, 
 
 83, 85, 86. 
 Kinzie, John H., 10, u, 16, 17, 23, 
 
 54, 85, 93- 
 
 Kinzie, Mrs. Juliette A., n, 14, 17, 
 
 27, 50, 85, 86, 93. 
 Kinzie, Mrs. Louise (Whistler), 16. 
 Kinzie, Maria H., 30, 54. 
 Kinzie, Nellie (Gordon), 23. 
 Kinzie, Robert A., 12, 16, 25, 54, 
 
 55, 67, 93. 
 
 Kinzie, Mrs. Robert A., 12, 16. 
 Kinzie & Hunter (firm), 76, 93. 
 Kirk & Co., James S. (firm), 86. 
 Klokke, E. F. C, 4. 
 Knapp, H. S., 17, 57. 
 Knickerbocker, A. V., 34. 
 Knowles, Joseph [or Noles], 17, 53, 
 
 L. 
 
 Labaque, Francis, 65.
 
 100 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 LaDake, Mary, 13. 
 Lafayette, Marquis de, 56. 
 LaFontine, John B., gi. 
 Lafromboise, Claude, 24, 65. 
 Lafromboise, Francis, 24. 
 Lafromboise, Francis, jr., 24. 
 Lafromboise, Joseph, sen., 24. 
 Lafromboise, Joseph, 24, 65. 
 Lafromboise, Josette, married Benj. 
 
 K. Pierce, 24. 
 Lafromboise, Josette, married John 
 
 B. Beaubien, 24. 
 Lafromboise, Madeline (Marcotte), 
 
 24. 
 Lafromboise, Therese (Schindler), 
 
 24. 
 
 Lafromboise, Therese (Watkins), 24. 
 Lalime, J., 82, 83. 
 Landon N., 4. 
 Lane, Isaac, go. 
 Lane, James, 4. 
 Langdon, Daniel, 66. 
 Larrabee, C. Rolin, g3. 
 Larrabee, Wm. M. f 93. 
 Lasby, Samuel C., 44, 80. 
 Latta, James, 88. 
 Laudon, Jacob, 88. 
 Leavenworth, Gen. Henry, 70. 
 Leavenworth, Jesse H., 36, 78. 
 Leavenworth, Mrs. Jesse H., 36. 
 Le Clerc, Peresh, 26. 
 
 Lee, or See, , 50. 
 
 Leonard Michael, 88. 
 
 LeMoyne, John V., 93. 
 
 Lincoln, Pres. Abraham, 2g. 
 
 Lincoln, Robert T., 87. 
 
 Lindsley, A. B., 26. 
 
 Lingard, Robert, 91. 
 
 Little Turtle, or Me-che-kau-nah-qua 
 
 (Indian chief), 45, 46, 54, 82. 
 Livingston, Eliza Matilda, 36, 8l. 
 Livingston, Hugh, 91. 
 Livingston, Peter William, 8l. 
 Locker, Frederick, 18, 88. 
 Logan, Hugh, 18, 53, 88. 
 Long, Edwin R., 33, 48. 
 Long, James, 44. 
 Lossing, Benson J. , 17. 
 Lovell, Mansfield, 36. 
 Loy, Andrew, 88. 
 Lynch, James A., 90. 
 Lynch, Michael, 18, 88. 
 Lyon, Hiram, 90. 
 Lyon, Nathaniel, 82. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mabury, James, 88. 
 
 Mack, George B., 91. 
 
 Macomb, Gen. Alexander, 27, 30, 35, 
 
 47, 49- 
 
 Macomb, John M., 37, 69. 
 
 Madison, Pres. James, 46, 59, 62. 
 
 Magie, Haines H., 93. 
 
 Mainpoe (Indian chief), 82. 
 
 Mapes, John F., 91. 
 
 Manning, John, 66. 
 
 Marcotte, Jean Baptiste, 24. 
 
 Marcotte, Madeline, 24. 
 
 Marcy, Randolph B., 69. 
 
 Marfitt, , 1 8. 
 
 Maria Hilliard (vessel), 93. 
 
 Martin Van Buren (schooner), 94. 
 
 Marquette, Jacques, 6. 
 
 Marshall, Humphrey, 31, 69. 
 
 Marshall, James A., 77. 
 
 Mathews, Elizabeth, 68, 79. 
 
 Mathews, George, 68, 79. 
 
 Maxwell, Dr. Philip, 31, 32, 48, 
 
 Me Arthur, Gen. Duncan, 59. 
 
 McBride, , 17. ' 
 
 McCarty, Duncan, 88. 
 
 McCausland, David, 20. 
 
 McCausland, Airs. Mary (Heald), 20. 
 
 McChesney, , 5. 
 
 McClellan, John, 36. 
 
 McClellan, Robert, 36. 
 
 McClure, Gen. George \V., 33. 
 
 McClure, Mrs. Harriet (Johnson), 32. 
 
 McClure, Josiah E., 32. 
 
 McConnell, Murray, 39. 
 
 McCoy, Rev. Mr., 46. 
 
 McDuffie, Franklin, 31, 69. 
 
 McFadyen, Capt. John, 75. 
 
 McGowan, Patrick, 88. < 
 
 McGregor, George, 90. 
 
 McKee, David, 25, 64, 65, 68, 94. 
 
 McKeever, Chauncey, 49. 
 
 McKillup, Eleanor, 26. 
 
 McKillup, Margaret, 16. 
 
 McKillup, Capt. , 16. 
 
 McKenzie, Donold, 90. 
 
 McMullen, Patrick, 91. 
 
 McNeil, Gen. John, 23, 24, 47. 
 
 McNeil, J. W. S., 24. 
 
 McPherson, Hugh, 18, 88. 
 
 Meacham, Silas, 44. 
 
 Me-che-kau-nah-qua, or Little Tur- 
 tle (Indian chief), 45, 46, 54, 82.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 101 
 
 Michigan (steamboat), 75, 84. 
 
 Miller, Gen. James, 59. 
 
 Miller, Otto, 91. 
 
 Miller, Peter, 88. 
 
 Miller, Ralph, 88. 
 
 Miller, Samuel, 65. 
 
 Milliken, Isaac L., 5. 
 
 Mills, Elias, 17, 18, 53. 
 
 Mills, - , 18. 
 
 Mills, Franklin, 90. 
 
 Miranda, Victoria, 25. 
 
 Moffitt, William, 88. 
 
 Monroe, Pres. James, 22, 60. 
 
 Monroe (steamboat), 75. 
 
 Morfit, - , 1 8. 
 
 Mooris, H. V., 76. 
 
 Mortt, August [or Motte], 18, 53, 88. 
 
 Moselle, Charles, 65. 
 
 Motte, August [or Mortt], 18, 53 88. 
 
 Moyan, John, 88. 
 
 Murray, Robert N., 66. 
 
 N. 
 
 Naper, John, 66. 
 
 Naper, Joseph, 65, 66. 
 
 Napton, Ezekiel, 90. 
 
 Nash, Frederick A., 77. 
 
 Neads, John [or Needs], 18, 53, 88. 
 
 Nelson, , 18, 53. 
 
 Newberry, Oliver, 73, 75, 85. 
 Newberry Walter L., 85. 
 Newberry & Dole (firm), 76, 93. 
 Newby, E. W. B., 35. 
 Newcastle, Duke of, 29. 
 
 Newhall, Capt. , 84. 
 
 Nichols, Luther, 31. 
 
 Xoles, Joseph [or Knowles], 17, 53, 
 
 88. 
 
 North American (steamboat), 84. 
 Nourse, Charles J., 47. 
 
 O. 
 
 O'Connell, Daniel, 90. 
 
 O'Fallon, John, 20. 
 
 Ogden, William B., 76, 85. 
 
 Ogilvie, P. II., 76, 77. 
 
 Ogee, Mrs. Sophia (Beaubien), 44, 
 
 79- 
 "Old Tempest," i.e., Anthony 
 
 Wayne, 28, 61. 
 Ostrom, Henry J., 91. 
 Osborn, James T., 65. 
 O'Strander, Philip, 88. 
 Ouilmette, orWilmette, Michael, 65. 
 
 Owen, Thomas J. V., 25, 26, 64, 93. 
 
 P. 
 
 Paine, Christopher, 66. 
 Paine, Uriah, 66. 
 Parker, Richard, 91. 
 Parsons, T., 66. 
 Parsons, T. E., 66. 
 Peck, Philip F. W., 66. 
 Pearsons, Daniel K., 5. 
 Pe-me-sah-quah, or Rebekah Wells, 
 
 45- 
 
 Pemet&n, David, 65. 
 
 Penrose, James W., 32, 48. 
 
 Persons, Hiram, 90. 
 
 Peterson, Frederick, 18, 88. 
 
 Pettis, William H., 69. 
 
 Pickering, Capt., 34. 
 
 Pierce, Benjamin K. , 24. 
 
 Pierce, Pres. Franklin, 24, 44, 60. 
 
 Pierce, Harriet, 24. 
 
 Pierce, John Sullivan, 24. 
 
 Pierce, Josette (Lafromboise), 24. 
 
 Pierson, David, 90. 
 
 Pitman, Tohn, 82. 
 
 Pix, William, 90. 
 
 Plymouth Rock (steamboat), 85. 
 
 Plympton, Cornelia De Puyster, 82. 
 
 Plympton, Mrs. Eliza Matilda (Liv- 
 ingston), 36, 81, 82. 
 
 Plympton, Emily, 36. 
 
 Plympton, Gilbert M., 82. 
 
 Plympton, Joseph, 35, 36, 48, 70, 
 71, 81, 82. 
 
 Plympton, Joseph R., 36. 
 
 Plympton, Louisa E., 82. 
 
 Plympton, Peter W. L., 36. 
 
 Plympton, Thomas, 81. 
 
 Poindexter, Thomas, 88. 
 
 Poinsett, Joel R., 39. 
 
 Polk, Pres. James K., 44. 
 
 Pope, Nathaniel, 14, 45. 
 
 Porter, Ra<. Jeremiah, 5, 71. 
 
 Porter, Wesley B., 91. 
 
 Pothier, Joseph, 25. 
 
 Potter, Chandler E., 24. 
 
 Prescott, Eli S., 93. 
 
 Prickett, William, 88. 
 
 Prince of Wales, 29. 
 
 Proctor, Gen. Henry A., 52, 53, 58. 
 
 Prophet (Indian chief), 49, 50^ 58. 
 
 Pruyne, Peter, 25. 
 
 Puthuff, Harriet, married John S. 
 Pierce, 24.
 
 102 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Puthuff, William II., 24. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Queen Charlotte (vessel), 50. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rand, Robert, 91. 
 Rapp, Thomas, 4. 
 Red Bird (Indian chief), 27. 
 Red Jacket (Indian chief), 58, 59. 
 Redding, Martin, 91. 
 Reed, Charles M., 75. 
 Reed, William, 91. 
 Reynolds, Arnold, 91. 
 Reynolds, Goi\ John, 64. 
 Rhea, James, 88. 
 Richards, James J., 4, 93. 
 Ritchner, Antonie, 91. 
 Ricketts, Harriet (Pierce), 24. 
 Ricketts, James B. , 24. 
 Rickman, Richard, 88. 
 Roberts, Captain, 52. 
 Robinson, Alexander, or Che-che-pin- 
 qua (Indian chief), 26-8, 31, 33, 41. 
 Robinson, Palmer, 91. 
 Ronan, George, 15, 16, 18, 46, 52. 
 Rothmon, Michael, 90. 
 Round Head (Indian chief), 61. 
 Rowland, Thomas, 89. 
 Russell, Jacob, 93. 
 Russell, John B. F., 2-,, 70. 
 Russell, Mrs. John B. F. f 85. 
 Russell, , 50. 
 
 S. 
 
 Salienne (Indian interpreter), 49. 
 
 Salisbury, Stephen M., 66. 
 
 Sang, Peter, 91. 
 
 Sauganash, or Billy Caldwell (Indian 
 
 chief), 25-8, 31, 33, 60, 61, 68, 93. 
 Schien, - , 58. 
 Schindler, Therese ( Lafromboise), 24. 
 Schneidau, Polycarpus von, 43. 
 Schopfer, Conrad, 91. 
 Scott, Martin, 30, 48. 
 Scott, Williard, 66. 
 Scott, Gen. Winfield, 3, 24, 31, 34, 
 
 36, 37, 65, 72, 74, 85. 
 See, or Lee, 50. 
 See, Rev. William, 25. 
 Seybold, Ferdinand, 25. 
 Seymour, James, 76. 
 Seymour, W. II., 76. 
 
 Shabonee, or Chamblee( Indian chief), 
 27, 28, 31, 33, 58, 60, 6l. 
 
 Shapley, Morgan L., 34. 
 
 Shaw -nee- aw -kee, or fohn Kinzie, 
 1 6. 
 
 Shedaker, Christopher, 65. 
 
 Sheldon Thompson (steamboat), 37, 
 
 72, 73, 75- 
 Shehan, John, 90. 
 Shepperd, Peter, 90. 
 Sheridan, Gen. Philip H., 5, 29, 82. 
 Sheridan, Mrs. Gen. P. II., 14. 
 Sherman, David, 91. 
 Sherror, David, 88. 
 Sill, Henry G., 69. 
 Simpson, James H., 69. 
 Simmons, John, 88. 
 Sitgreaves, Lorenzo, 69. 
 Smallwood, James, 25. 
 Smith, Ephraim Kirby, 35, 48. 
 Smith, George, 764 
 Smith, Jeremiah, 65. 
 Smith, John, 88. 
 Smith, John, 88. 
 Smith, John, 91. 
 Smith, Philip, 88. 
 Smith, Robert P., 69. 
 Smith, S. Lisle, 93. 
 Smith, Judge Theophilus W. , 39. 
 Smith, William, 65. 
 
 Smith, , 1 8. 
 
 Spaulding & Merrick (firm), 43. 
 
 Sprague, John T., 22, 23. 
 
 Stark, Henry, 90. 
 
 Starr, James, 88. 
 
 St. Clair, Gen. Anthony, 45. 
 
 Stevens, John, 66. 
 
 Stevens, John, jr., 66. 
 
 Stevens, William M., 44. 
 
 Stewart, Hart L., 55. 
 
 Stewart, James, 25. 
 
 St. Joseph Mission, 25. 
 
 Stockton, T., 90. 
 
 Stone, Mrs. Eliza (Heald), 15. 
 
 Storer, William H., 69. 
 
 Stose, Clemens, 25. 
 
 Stowell, Augustine, 66. 
 
 Stowell, Calvin M., 66. 
 
 Stowell, Walter, 66. 
 
 Strong, Henry, 67. 
 
 Stuart, Gilbert, 82. 
 
 Stuart, John T., 23. 
 
 Summers, John, 91. 
 
 Superior (steamboat), 21, 37, 58, 72, 
 
 73-
 
 INDEX. 
 
 103 
 
 Suttonfield, John, 88. 
 Swartwout, Henry, 69. 
 Swearengen, James S., 13. 
 Sweet, Alanson, 66. 
 Sweet, Richard M., 66. 
 Swing, Rev. David, 4. 
 
 T. 
 -, married William 
 
 Taliafero, - 
 
 W. Helm, 16. 
 Tappan, Alexander H., 35, 48, 91. 
 Taylor, Augustine Deodat, 4. 
 Taylor, A. W., 65. 
 Taylor, Edmund D., 39, 76. 
 Taylor, Pres. Zachary, 30, 44, 60. 
 Tecumseh (Indian chief), 28, 58, 61. 
 Thompson, James L., 33, 35, 48, 71, 
 
 91- 
 
 Thompson, Robert, 65. 
 Thompson, Seth, 88. 
 Thompson, William, 90. 
 Thompson, W. H., 5. 
 Thurston, Henry, IO. 
 Thurston, Sarah M., 10. 
 Tilghman, Tench, 69. 
 Tracy (schooner), 13. 
 Tripp, William, 91. 
 Tuley, Judge Murray F. , 64. 
 Turner, John B., 93. 
 Turner, Mrs. Ann (Wells), 46. 
 Turner, William, 45. 
 Tyler, Pres. John, 22. 
 
 U. 
 
 Ury, Ashburn, 69. 
 Usher, I. L., 31. 
 
 V. 
 
 Vallandigham, Clement L., 29, 61-3. 
 Van Buren, Abram, 30, 48. 
 VanBuren, Pres. Martin, 30, 40, 94, 
 Vance, Joseph C., 69. 
 VanHorn, James [or Home], 17, 18, 
 
 53, 88. 
 Van Voorhis, Dr. Isaac \ ., 15, 16, 
 
 46, 52. 
 
 VanVraukin, Richard, 91. 
 Varnum, A. B., 26, 27. 
 Vault, Thomas D., 91. 
 Vennor, Richard, 91. 
 Von Schneidau, Polycarpus, 43. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wade, David, 65. 
 
 Wade, Marvin R., 90. 
 
 Waggoner, Anthony L., 88. 
 
 Wales, Prince of, 29. 
 
 Walker, Capt. Augustus, 37, 72, 76. 
 
 Walker, Charles H., 76. 
 
 Walker, George H., 65. 
 
 Walker, Rev. Jesse, 71. 
 
 Walker, Smith and others, 76. 
 
 Walk-in-the- Water (Indian chief), 61. 
 
 Walk-in-the- Water (steamboat), 58, 
 
 84- 
 
 Wall, William, 69. 
 Wallace, Ensign, 55- 
 Walsh, Michael, 90. 
 Walter, Joel C., 5, 32. 
 Wa-nan-go-path, first wife of Capt. 
 
 William Wells, 45. 
 Wa-pe-mong-gah, or William Wayne 
 
 Wells, 46. 
 
 Wapewa (Indian chief), 82. 
 Ward, Bernard, or Barney, 70. 
 Ward, George W., 69. 
 Ward, Henry A., 70. 
 Ward, Samuel D., 4. 
 
 Ward, , married Ralph Adams, 
 
 Washburne, Elihu B., 5. 
 Washington, Pres. George, 62, 63. 
 Watkins, John, 33. 
 Watkins, Thomas, 24. 
 Watson, George, 69. . 
 
 Wayne, Gen. Anthony, 10, II, 21, 28, 
 . 45, 55, 56, 61. 
 Weah, second wife of Capt. William 
 
 Wells, 45. 
 
 Webster Daniel, 55, 77, 84. 
 Webster, Fletcher, 77. 
 \Vebster, Joseph Dana, 36. 
 W'eever, Edward, 90. 
 Welch, John, 25. 
 Welch, Patrick, 91. 
 Wellmaker, John, 65. 
 Wells, Ann, or Ar-pez-zah-quah, 45, 
 
 46. 
 
 Wells, Jane, 46. 
 Wells, Juliana, 46. 
 Wells, Mary, or Ah-mah-quaw-zah- 
 
 quuah, 45, 46. 
 
 Wells, Rebekah, married Capt. Na- 
 than Heald, 14, 16, 18, 55. 
 Wells, Rebekah, or Pe-me-sah-quah, 
 
 45, 40-
 
 IO4 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Wells, Samuel, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 
 
 22, 45. 
 
 Wells, Samuel G., 46. 
 Wells, William, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 
 
 20, 21, 22, 45, 46, 50-8. 
 Wells, William Wayne, 21, 46. 
 Wells, Yelberton P., 46. 
 Wentworth, John, 3, 8, 9, 21, 28, 
 
 29, 54, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 
 
 76, 77, 79, 80, 83, 85, 86. 
 Wentworth, Moses J., 5. 
 Wescott, Seth, 66. 
 Western "World (steamboat), 85. 
 Wheeler, Dr. Hiram, 4. 
 Wheeler, Horace H., 91. 
 Whipple, J. H., 91. 
 Whistler, George W., 13. 
 Whistler, John, 10, 13, 14, 87. 
 Whistler, John H., 12. 
 Whistler, J. N. G., 13. 
 Whistler, Mrs. Julia (Person), 12, 13. 
 Whistler, Louise, 16. 
 Whistler, William, 10, 12, 13, 14, 
 
 16, 30-3, 37, 48, 49, 55, 74. 
 White, Liberty, 50. 
 White Pigeon (schooner), 94. 
 White Raccoon (Indian chief), 51. 
 Whitehorn, Samuel, 90. 
 Whiting, Daniel P., 69. 
 Wicoffe, Peter, 66. 
 Wilcox, D. Lafayette, 33, 39, 48, 70, 
 
 71, 91- 
 
 Wilkinson, Gen. James, 9, 10. 
 Williinson, Theophilus F. J., 69. 
 William H. Harrison (schooner), 92. 
 
 William Penn (steamboat), 37, 72, 
 
 75- 
 
 Williams, J. L., 46. 
 Williston, Robert, 91. 
 Wilmette or Ouilmette, Michael, 65. 
 Wilson, Henry (or Harry) T., 66. 
 Winchester, Gen. James, 58, 59. 
 Winslow & Beeson (firm), 25. 
 Wolcott, Alexander, 25, 26, 45, 85, 
 
 86. 
 Wolcott, Mrs. Ellen M. (Kinzie), 26, 
 
 85- 
 
 Wolcott, Frederick Allen, 46. 
 Wolcott, Henry Clay, 46. 
 Wolcott, Judge James, 45, 46. 
 Wolcott, Mrs. James, 46. 
 Wolcott, James Madison, 46. 
 Wolcott, Mary Ann, 46. 
 Wolcott, William Wells, 46. 
 Woodbridge, William, 84. 
 Woodworth, Hiram P., 77. 
 Wool, Gen. John E., 16. 
 Woolley, Jeddiah, 65. 
 Worth, Gen. William J., 23. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yoakum, Henderson K., 69. 
 Yoemans, Benjamin, 90. 
 Youngs, James, 90. 
 
 Z. 
 
 Zarley, J. W., 65. 
 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY CHICAGO
 
 OLD SETTLERS DECEASED SINCE MAY 27, 1879. 
 
 BARNES, JOSEPH A. 
 BEAUBIEN, MARK. 
 BICKERDIKE, GEORGE. 
 CLARKE, WILLIAM H. 
 CORRIGAN, WILLIAM. 
 CROCKER, OLIVER C. 
 CUNNINGHAM, HENRY. 
 DEWEY, DENNIS S. 
 DUCK, CHARLES H. 
 FULLER, HENRY. 
 FULLERTON, ALEX. N. 
 GAGE, JARED. 
 GILBERT, SAMUEL H. 
 HADDOCK, EDWARD H. 
 HAM LIN, ALONZO. 
 HASTINGS, HIRAM. 
 HUNTOON, GEORGE M. 
 JOHNSON, LATHROP. 
 LARRABEE, WILLIAM M. 
 McKEE, DAVID. 
 MILLAR, ROBERT M. 
 
 MILTIMORE, IRA. 
 MORRIS, BUCKNER S. 
 MORRISON, EPHRAIM. 
 NICHOLS, LUTHER. 
 OGDEN, WILLIAM B. 
 OGDEN, MAHLON D. 
 PAGE, PETER. 
 PECK, EBENEZER. 
 PORTER, HIBBARD. 
 REES, JAMES H. 
 REIS, JR., JOHN P. 
 RUMSEY, GEORGE F. 
 RYAN, EDWARD G. 
 SHERMAN, EZRA L. 
 SMITH, ELIJAH. 
 SPEER, ISAAC. 
 STOW, WILLIAM H. 
 TUTTLE, Lucius G. 
 WATERS, BENJAMIN. 
 WILCOX, SEXTUS N. 
 WILLIAMS, ELI B. 
 
 August 24th, 1 88 1.
 
 INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 EARLY CHICAGO:" -First Lecture, 
 
 (No. 8 of Fergus' Historical Series.) 
 
 BY 
 
 HON. JOHN WE NT WORTH, LL. D., 
 
 Delivered Sunday, April n, 1875. 
 [This Index was prepared by Mr. Wentworth, August, 1881.] 
 
 A. 
 
 Adams, James, 43. 
 
 Adams, John, 12. 
 
 Adams, John Q., 5, 17. 
 
 Ahert, William, 35, 40. 
 
 Allen, Archibald, 48. 
 
 Allouez, Claude, 8. 
 
 Alscomb, E. Antoine, 48. 
 
 Archer, William B., 43. 
 
 AuSable, Jean Baptiste Point, 14, 15. 
 
 Avery, Elias P., 48. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bancroft, George, 4. 
 
 Bane, Sarah, 34. 
 
 Banks, Thomas, 48. 
 
 Barney, Sarah, 36. 
 
 Baresford, Robert, 48. 
 
 Barker, Andrew, 48. 
 
 Barker, John, 48. 
 
 Bates, George C., 24. 
 
 Bauskey, Joseph, 36. 
 
 Beabor, Louis, 48. 
 
 Beaubien, Alexander, 24. 
 
 Beaubien, John Baptiste, 15, 24, 28, 
 
 34, 36, 40, 41, 42, 46, 47, 48. 
 Beaubien, Mark, 21, 26, 41. 
 Beauchamp, Noah, sr., 48. 
 Beauchamp, Noah, jr., 48. 
 Bethard, Elza, 48. 
 Bismark, Prince, 6. 
 Black Hawk (Indian chief), 22, 25, 
 
 26, 27, 30, 34, 38, 43. 
 
 Blake, Capt. Chelsey, 47. 
 Blanchard, William, 48. 
 Bogardus, John I,., 44, 48. 
 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 7, 9, 23. 
 Bonaparte, Louis Napoleon, 9, 13, 
 
 23- 
 
 Bond, Shadrack, 24. 
 Bourbonne, Francis, sr., 48. 
 Bourbonne, Francis, jr., 48. 
 Braddock, Gen., 12. 
 Bratton, Reuben, 48. 
 Brierly, Thomas, 48. 
 Brown, Cornelius, 48. 
 Brown, Henry, 4. 
 Brown, Gen. Jacob, 22. 
 Brown, Stephen, 34. 
 Bryant, Joseph, 48. 
 Bull, John, 10. 
 
 C. 
 
 Caldwell, Archibald, 33, 34, 39, 40, 
 
 41, 42, 46. 
 Caldwell, Billy (Sauganash, Indian 
 
 chief), 38, 39, 41. 
 Caldwell, Lovisa B. , 36, 40, 46. 
 Caldwell, Alexander, 40. 
 Caldwell, Susan, (only child), 38. 
 Calhoun, John C., 40. 
 C'amlin, Thomas, 48. 
 Carroll, Stephen, 48. 
 Casey, Zadoc, 28. 
 Cass, Lewis, 6, 14, 25. 
 Caton, John Dean, 34.
 
 EARLY CHICAGO. 
 
 Chamblee (Shabonee, Indian chief), 
 22, 23, 38/39. 
 
 Che-che-pin-qua (Alexander Robin- 
 son, Indian chief), 40, 41, 48. 
 
 Clarissa (sloop), 47. 
 
 Clark, , 35. 
 
 Clark, Elizabeth, 35, 40. 
 
 Clark, Gen. George Rogers, 7, 9, 13, 
 20. 
 
 Clark, Hadassah, 36. 
 
 Clark, John K., 33, 35, 36, 40, 46, 
 48. 
 
 Clark, William, 48. 
 
 Clay, Henry, 17. 
 
 Clermont, Jerry, 48. 
 
 Cline, George, 48. 
 
 Cline, John, 48. 
 
 Clybourn, Archibald, 25, 33, 34, 35, 
 40, 42, 43, 44. 
 
 Clybourn, Henly, 33, 35, 42. 
 
 Clybourn, Jonas, 33, 35, 40, 48. 
 
 Clybourn, Thomas, 34. 
 
 Coles, Edward, 24. 
 
 Columbus, Christopher, 4. 
 
 Cooper, Abner, 48. 
 
 Countraman, Frederick, 48. 
 
 Coutra, Louis, 48. 
 
 Crafts, John, 48. 
 
 Crocker, Austin, 48. 
 
 Cromwell, Nathan, 48. 
 
 Curry, Hiram M., 48. 
 
 Daniel, - 
 
 D. 
 
 -, widow, 34. 
 
 Daniel, Aramosa, 34. 
 Daniel, Harmon, 34. 
 Darling, Lucius R., 37. 
 Davis, Jefferson, 17, 18. 
 Davis, William, 48. 
 Dearborn, Henry, 14. 
 Dejoinville, Prince, 12. 
 Deroshee, John, 37. 
 DeSoto, Fernando, 4. 
 Dillon, Absalom, 48. 
 Dillon, Jesse, 48. 
 Dillon, John, 48. 
 Dillon, Nathan, 48. 
 Dillon, Thomas, 48. 
 Dillon, Walter, 48. 
 Dixon, John, 47, 48. 
 Dodge, Henry, 46. 
 Dodge, Augustus C., 46. 
 Donahoue, Major, 48. 
 Dougherty, Allen- S.', 48. 
 
 Douglas, Stephen A., 30. 
 DuMont, Peter, 48. 
 Duncan, Joseph, 43. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eads, Abner, 42, 48. 
 Eads, William, 48. 
 Economy (fire-engine), 3. 
 Edwards, Ninian, 15. 
 Egan, William B., 28, 29. 
 Egman, Isaac, 39. 
 Egman, Jesse, 48. 
 Ellis, Levi, 48. 
 Eustis, Col. Abraham, 46. 
 Evans, James, 43. 
 Everett, David, 37! 
 
 F. 
 
 Fassett, Samuel M., 2. 
 
 Fergus, Robert, 2, 32. 
 
 F. [Fergus], 2. 
 
 Fergus Printing Company, 33. 
 
 Field, Gilbert, 48. 
 
 Fish, Elisha, 41, 48. 
 
 Fish, Josiah, 41. 
 
 Fisk, Elisha, 41. 
 
 Fisk, Josiah, 41. 
 
 Forbes, Stephen, 41-43. 
 
 French, Stephen, 48. 
 
 Frontenac, Gen. Louis DeBuade, 10. 
 
 Fulton, James, 48. 
 
 Fulton, Josiah, 48. 
 
 Fulton, Samuel. 48. 
 
 Fulton, Seth, 48. 
 
 Funk, Isaac, 48. 
 
 Funk, Jacob, 48. 
 
 G. 
 
 Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 6. 
 Garrett, Augustus, 17. 
 Gay, J. M., 43. 
 Gilbert, Levi, 48. 
 Griffin, John, 48. 
 Griffin (schooner), 8. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hale, Isaiah, 45. 
 
 Hale, Virginia, 45. 
 
 Hall, Benjamin, 33, 34, 35, 39. 
 
 Hall, Charles, 34. 
 
 Hall, David, sr., 34, 35.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Hall, David, jr., 33, 34. 
 
 Hall, Edward B., 34. 
 
 Hall, J. R., 34. 
 
 Hallock, Lewis, 48. 
 
 Hamlin, John, 48. 
 
 Hanson, Rev. , 12. 
 
 Harlin, George, 48. 
 
 Harlin, Joshua, 48. 
 
 Harrison, Jesse, 48. 
 
 Harrison, William H., 14, 19, 21, 22. 
 
 Hawley, Aaron, 46, 48. 
 
 Hawley, Caroline, 36, 46. 
 
 Hawley, Pierce, 46, 48. 
 
 Heacock, Russell E., 36, 40, 41. 
 
 Heald, Nathan, 16. 
 
 Healey, Geo. P. A. , 2. 
 
 Henry Clay (steamer), 26. 
 
 Hennepin, Louis, 8, 9. 
 
 Henry, Patrick, 12. 
 
 Hickling, William, 38. 
 
 Hoge, Joseph P., 16, 32. 
 
 Hogan, John S. C., 41. 
 
 Holland, William, 48. 
 
 Hubbard, Gurdon S., 3, 24, 25, 28. 
 
 Hull, William, 16, 21. 
 
 Hunter, Gen. David, 25. 
 
 Hunter, Jacob M., 48. 
 
 Huntington, Alonzo, 29. 
 
 Hyde, E. & N. (firm), 48. 
 
 Ish, George, 48. 
 
 I. 
 
 J- 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, 16, 17, 26. 
 Jefferson, Thomas, 40. 
 Jenkins, Alexander M., 43. 
 Johnson, Andrew, 31. 
 Johnson, Richard M., 22, 23. 
 Joliet, Rev. Louis, 8. 
 Joinville, Prince de, 12. 
 
 K. 
 
 Keating, William H., 25. 
 
 Kimball, Walter, 28. 
 
 Kinney, William, 43. 
 
 Kinzie, Ellen Marion, 24. 
 
 Kinzie, Elizabeth, 35. 
 
 Kinzie, James, 34, 35, 40, 43, 45. 
 
 Kinzie, John, 15, 21, 22, 24, 34, 35, 
 
 41, 46, 48. 
 Kinzie, John H., 15. 
 Kinzie, Juliette A., 37, 42. 
 
 Kinzie, Maria H., 25. 
 Kinzie, Robert A., 15. 
 Kinzie, William, 34, 35. 
 
 Lafayette, Marquis de, 12, 13. 
 
 Lafromboise, Claude, 48. 
 
 Lafromboise, Joseph, 15, 48. 
 
 Lafromboise, Josette, 15. 
 
 Langworthy, Augustus, 48. 
 
 LaSalle, Robert C., 8, 9. 
 
 Latham, J., 48. 
 
 Latham, Philip, 48. 
 
 Latta, James, 48. 
 
 Laughton, Barney H., 28, 36, 40, 47. 
 
 Laughton, David, 40. 
 
 LeClerc, Peresh, 46. 
 
 LeClair, Peter, 46. 
 
 Liberty (fire-engine), 3. 
 
 Like, Daniel, 48. 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, 14, 26, 27. 
 
 Long John (fire-engine), 3. 
 
 Louis XIV, 8. 
 
 Louis XVI, 12. 
 
 Louis XVII, 12. 
 
 Love, Charles, 48. 
 
 Love, George, 48. 
 
 M. 
 
 Madison, James, 9. 
 
 Mann, John, 37. 
 
 Maranda, Victoria, 46. 
 
 Marquette, James, 6, 7, 8, 9. 
 
 Marshall, Humphrey, 27. 
 
 Mather, David, 48. 
 
 Maury, W. F., 18. 
 
 Maximillian, Emperor, 9. 
 
 McCormick, Levi, 48. 
 
 McKee, David, 33, 35, 36, 48. 
 
 McKee, Stephen J. S., 36. 
 
 McKinzie, Elizabeth, 34, 35. 
 
 McKinzie, Margaret, 34, 35. 
 
 McLaree, Jesse, 48. 
 
 McLaughlin, Robert K., 43. 
 
 McNaughton, Alexander, 48. 
 
 McNeil, John, 24. 
 
 Michigan (steamboat), 47. 
 
 Millen, Walter, 36. 
 
 Miller, Jacob, 33, 34. 
 
 Miller, John, 33, 34, 35. 
 
 Miller, Samuel, 33, 34, 35, 40, 41, 
 
 42, 44. 
 Mills, Benjamin, 43.
 
 52 
 
 Moffatt, Alva, 48. 
 Moffatt, Aquilla, 48. 
 Montgomery, Hugh, 48. 
 Murphy, John, 26. 
 
 N. 
 
 Neeley, Henry, 48. 
 Newberry, Oliver, 47. 
 Nicollet, Sieur Jean, 8. 
 Norton, Nelson R., 47. 
 
 O. 
 
 Ogden, William B., 3, 32. 
 Ogee, Joseph, 48. 
 
 Ouilmette (Wilmette), Antoine, 24, 
 37* 48. 
 
 P. 
 
 Pakenham, Gen. E., 16. 
 
 Patterson, John, 48. 
 
 Pearsons, Hiram, 47. 
 
 Pearson, John, 29. 
 
 Pee-he-que-ta-rou-ri, Margaretta, 46, 
 
 Perkins, Isaac, 48. 
 
 Perry, Commodore Oliver H., 22. 
 
 Phillippe, Louis, 12. 
 
 Phillips, John, 48. 
 
 Phillips, William, 48. 
 
 Piche, Peter, 48. 
 
 Polk, James K., 17. 
 
 Porter, Martin, 48. 
 
 Pothier, Joseph, 46. 
 
 Powell, George N., 34. 
 
 Prince, Daniel, 48. 
 
 Proctor, Gen. Henry A., 21. 
 
 Pugh, Jonathan H., 43. 
 
 Putnam's Magazine, 12. 
 
 R. 
 
 Ramsay, John L., 48. 
 
 Ransom (or Rousser), Amherst C., 
 
 41, 42, 48. 
 Redman, Eli, 48. 
 Redman, Henry, 48. 
 Reed Charles H., 29. 
 Reed, William, 45. 
 Reynolds, John, 46. 
 Ridgeway, John, 48. 
 Robinson, Alexander (Che-che-pin- 
 
 qua, Indian chief), 40, 41, 48. 
 Rousser (or Ransom), A. C., 48. 
 
 EARLY CHICAGO. 
 
 S. 
 
 Sambli, Arkash, 37. 
 
 Sauganash (Billy Caldwell, Indian 
 
 chief), 38, 39, 41. 
 Scarrett, Rev. Isaac, 46. 
 Scott, Alice Lovisa, 36. 
 Scott, Alvin, 36. 
 Scott, Deborah, 36. 
 Scott, Peter, 48. 
 Scott, Permelia, 36, 46. 
 Scott, Stephen J., 36, 46-47. 
 Scott, Thaddeus, 36. 
 Scott, Wealthy, 36. 
 Scott, Williard, 36-46. 
 Scott, Williard, jr., 36. 
 Scott, Willis, 36, 40, 46. 
 Scott, William H., 36. 
 Scott, Gen. Winfield, 26, 27, 34, 46, 
 
 47- 
 
 See, Rev. William, 44, 45, 46. 
 Shabonee (Chamblee, Indian chief), 
 
 22, 23, 38, 39. 
 Sharp, George, 39, 48. 
 Sheldon (schooner), 36. 
 Sheldon Thompson (steamboat), 27, 
 
 46. 
 
 Sherwood, Capt. , 36. 
 Smith, Joseph, 48. 
 Smith, William, 48. 
 Sommers, John, 48. 
 Stevensen, James W., 43. 
 Stephenson, John, 48. 
 Stewart, William, 29. 
 Storey, Wilbur F., 29. 
 Stout, Ephriam, 48. 
 Strode, James M., 43. 
 Stuart, John T., 30. 
 
 T. 
 
 Taylor, Edmund D., 25, 28. 
 Tecumapeance, sister to Tecumseh, 
 
 38. 
 Tecumseh (Indian chief), 22, 2}, 25, 
 
 38, 39- 
 
 Thomas, Francis, 39. 
 Thompkins, L. M., 43. 
 Thorp, Jonathan, 48. 
 Tonti, Henry de, 8, 9. 
 Trask, Hadassah, 36. 
 Turner, Ezekiel, 48. 
 
 V. 
 
 VanBuren, Martin, 22.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 53 
 
 Vance, Moses, B., 45. 
 VanScoyk, Joseph, 48. 
 Vermit, Vital, 46. 
 
 W. 
 
 Walker, Alfred, 37. 
 
 Walker, Capt. A., 27. 
 
 Walker, Cornelia, 46. 
 
 Walker, David, 37, 46. 
 
 Walker, George E., 38. 
 
 Walker, Hugh, 48. 
 
 Walker, Capt. James, 37-41. 
 
 Walker, James, 37. 
 
 Walker, Jesse, 25, 33, 33, 38, 46, 48. 
 
 Walker, John, 37. 
 
 Walk-in-the-\Vater (steamboat), 24. 
 
 Warrington, Arthur, 36. 
 
 Wasegoboah (Indian chief), 38. 
 
 Washington, George, 9, 12, 13. 
 
 Waters, Isaac, 48. 
 
 Watkins, Munson, 36. 
 
 Wayne, Anthony, 9, 13. 
 
 Weed, Edmond, 41, 48. 
 
 Weeks, Cole, 39, 40. 
 
 Welch, Michael, 37. 
 
 Welch, Mary Ann, 37. 
 
 Wells, William, 19. 
 
 Wentworth, Elijah, sr., 26. 
 
 Wentworth, Elijah, jr., 43. 
 
 Wentworth, John, 2, 3, 17, 20. 
 
 Whistler, William, 24. 
 
 Williams, Eleazer, n. 
 
 Williams, Eli B., 30. 
 
 Williams, Erastus 8., 29. 
 
 Wilmette (Ouilmette), Antoine, 24, 
 
 37, 48. 
 
 Wilmette, Elizabeth, 37. 
 Wilmette, Francis, 37. 
 Wilmette, Joseph, 37. 
 Wilmette, Josette, 37. 
 Wilmette, Louis, 37. 
 Wilmette, Mitchell, 37. 
 Wilmette, Sophia, 37. 
 Wilson, Jacob, 48. 
 Wilson, Seth, 48. 
 
 W T olcott, Alexander, 24, 40, 41, 48. 
 Wood row, Hugh, 48. 
 Woodrow, Samuel, 48. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yellow Head (Indian chief), 38.
 
 INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 EARLY CHICAGO:"- -Second Lecture, 
 
 (No. 7 of Fergus' Historical Series.) 
 
 BY 
 
 HON. JOHN WENT WORTH, LL.D., 
 
 Delivered Sunday, May 7, 1876. 
 [This Index was prepared by Mr. Wentworth, August, 1881.] 
 
 A. 
 
 Abel, Sidney, 53, 55. 
 
 Acay, Gabriel, 54. 
 
 Adams, John, 9. 
 
 Adams, John Quincy, 6, 7, 8, 17. 
 
 Ament, Edward, 16, 53. 
 
 Anderson, Joseph, 16, 53. 
 
 Aruwaiskie, Theotis, 56. 
 
 Aurora (schooner), 24. 
 
 Ayers, Thomas, 54. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bailey, Jonathan A., 16, 53, 54. 
 Banny, [Barry or Bannot;] Augustine, 
 
 1 6, 52, 54. 
 
 Bates, George C., 51. 
 Bates, Sophia, 56. 
 Bauskey, Joseph, 17, 54, 56. 
 Beaubien, John B., 15, 16, 18, 22, 24, 
 
 5i, 52, 54, 55, 56- 
 Beaubien, Mark, 17, 24, 25, 54. 
 Beaubien, Medore B. [Medard B.], 
 
 16, 18, 22, 33, 35, 52, 54, 55. 
 Benedict, Sarah, 52. 
 Benton, Thomas H., 8. 
 Black Hawk (Indian chief), 4, 10, 44. 
 Blow, Lewis, 54. 
 Bogardus, John L., 15. 
 Bourassea, Daniel, 16, 56. 
 Bourassea, Leon, 16, 54. 
 Bradain [Beaubien], John B., 55. 
 Breese, Sidney, 12, 14. 
 Brown, James, 16, 54. 
 
 Brown, Jesse, 19. 
 Brown, Thomas C., 19. 
 Brown, William H., u. 
 Buchanan, James, 8. 
 Buell, E., 24. 
 Burr, Aaron, 9. 
 
 C. 
 
 Caldwell, Archibald, 52, 53. 
 Caldwell, Billy, (Sauganash, Indian 
 chief), 14, 16, 17, 18, 25, 33, 54, 55. 
 Calhoun, John, 3. 
 Calhoun, John C., 7, 17. 
 Caldwell, Lovisa B., 56. 
 Cass, Gen. Lewis, 8, 22. 
 Catie, Joseph, 16. 
 Chamblee (Shabonee, Indian chief), 
 
 33- 
 Charlevoix, Pierre Fra^ois Xavir de, 
 
 1013. 
 
 Chavellea, John Baptiste, 16. 
 Chavellie, Peter, 16. 
 Che-che-pin-qua (Alexander Robin- 
 son, Indian chief), 15, 16, 33, 54, 56. 
 Chevalier, Catherine, 56. 
 Chi-ka-gou (Indian chief), 12. 
 Clairmore [Clermont?], Jeremiah, 16. 
 Clark, John K., 15, 16, 17, 18, 52, 
 
 54, 55- 
 
 Clay, Henry, 7, 17. 
 Clermont [Clairmore?], Jeremiah, 15, 
 
 16, 52. 
 Clybourn, Archibald, 16, 17, 18, 52, 
 
 53, 54, 55, 56-
 
 EARLY CHICAGO. 
 
 Clybourn, Henly, 52. 
 
 Clybourn, Jonas, 15, 16, 17, 51, 54, 
 
 Cobb, Silas B., 44. 
 Conant, , 52. 
 
 Cook, Daniel P., 17, 25. 
 Coutra, Louis, 15. 
 Crafts, John, 15, 16, 51, 52. 
 Crittenden, John J., 8. 
 
 D. 
 
 Davis, Jefferson, 7, 26. 
 
 Davis, John L., 16, 53, 54. 
 
 Dearborn, Gen. Henry, 7. 
 
 Debigie, Simon, 54, 
 
 Displattes, Basile, 16. 
 
 Dodge, Gen. Henry, 8. 
 
 Dorr, Capt. of Schooner Tracy, 8. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eads, Abner, 15, 5- 
 Edwards, Gov. Ninian, 17, 25. 
 Engle, Lt. James, 54, 55. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fair Play (revenue cutter), 24. 
 
 Fergus, Robert, 26. 
 
 Ferrel, John, 51. 
 
 Field, Darby, 19. 
 
 Fillmore, Millard, 7, 8. 
 
 Forbes, Stephen, 53, 55. 
 
 Forbes, Mrs. Stephen, 55. 
 
 Ford, Gov. Thomas, 38, 39, 40, 56. 
 
 Foster, Lt. Amos, 54, 55. 
 
 Fridley, John, 56. 
 
 Frique, Peter, 16, 54, 55. 
 
 Fulton, Samuel, 5- 
 
 G. 
 
 Gage, Gen. Thomas, II. 
 
 Gale, James V., 56. 
 
 Galloway, James, 54. 
 
 Galloway, Miss, married Archibald 
 
 Clybourn, 52. 
 Ganday, Lewis, 17, 54. 
 Gardner, Alvin Noyes, 56. 
 Garie, , 12. 
 
 Garow, James, 54. 
 Garrett, Augustus, 33. 
 Griffin, Ann, 51. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hale, Artimas, 9. 
 Haley, Julia, 56. 
 Hall, Benjamin, 52. 
 Hallam, Rev. Isaac W., 33. 
 Hamilton, Mrs. Gen. Alexander, 9. 
 Hamilton, William S., 51. 
 Hamlin, John, 50, 51. 
 Harrison, Gen. William H., 8. 
 Heacock, Russell E., 16, 18, 53, 54, 
 
 55- 
 
 Heartless (schooner), 24. 
 Henry Clay (steamboat), 5. 
 Hinton, Rev. Isaac T., 42, 43, 45. 
 Hogan, John S. C, 16, 53, 54, 55. 
 Holcomb, John, 51. 
 Hoyne, Thomas, 43. 
 Hubbard, Gurdon S., 12. 
 Hull, Gen. William, 25. 
 Hunter, Gen. David, 54, 55. 
 
 J- 
 
 Jackson, Gen. Andrew, 8, 1 7, 28, 32, 
 
 44- 
 
 Jamboe, Paul, 16. 
 Jefferson, Thomas, 9, 12. 
 Jewett, William P., 54. 
 Jewett, William, 55. 
 Johnston, Samuel, 16. 
 Jowett [or Jewett], Charles, 51. 
 Joyal, John, 54. 
 Junio, Peter, 16. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kearney, Gen. Stephen W., 19. 
 
 Keating, William H., 22. 
 
 Kelley, Henry, 16, 52, 54. 
 
 Kennison, David, 9. 
 
 Kerchival, Benjamin B., 22. 
 
 Kimball, Walter, 3. 
 
 Kingsbury, Julius J. B., 42. 
 
 Kinzie, Elizabeth, 53, 56. 
 
 Kinzie, Ellen M., 51. 
 
 Kinzie, James, 16, 18, 26, 53, 54, 55, 
 
 56. 
 Kinzie, John, 15, 16, 17, 18, 23, 50, 
 
 5i, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56.~ 
 Kinzie, Mrs. Juliette A., 52, 55. 
 Kinzie, Maria H., 55. 
 
 L. 
 
 Laducier, Francis, 16, 17, 53.
 
 Laducier, John Baptiste, 54. 
 Lafortune, John Baptiste, 16. 
 Lafromboise, Claude, 15, 16, 52. 
 Lafromboise, Francis, sr., 1 6. 
 Lafromboise, Francis, jr., 1 6. 
 Lafromboise, Joseph, 15, 16, 17, 33, 
 
 Si. 52, 54- 
 
 Larant, Alexander, 16. 
 Laughton, Barney H., 16, 53, 55, 56, 
 LeClerc, Peresh (LeClair, Peter), 17, 
 
 54. 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, 8. 
 Littleton, Samuel, 54. 
 Long, Stephen H., 22. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mack, Major, 53. 
 
 Mack, Stephen, 16, 53, 54. 
 
 Madison, James, 8, 9. 
 
 Madison, Mrs. James, 8, 9. 
 
 Malast, John Baptiste, 16. 
 
 Mann, John, 16, 54, 55, 56. 
 
 Martin, Laurant, 17. 
 
 Marquette, Rei>. James, 13. 
 
 Maximillian, Emperor, 20. 
 
 McDole, Alexander, 16, 54. 
 
 McKee, David, 15, 16, 22, 23, 24, 
 
 53, 54, 55- 
 McNeil, John, 24. 
 Miller, Samuel, 53, 54, 55, 56. 
 Mills, Benjamin, 26. 
 Miner, Horace, 55- 
 Miranda, Victoria, 53. 
 Monroe, James, 8. 
 Muller, Peter, 55. 
 Murphy, John, 25, 44. 
 
 O. 
 
 Orleans, Duchess of, 13. 
 
 Ouilmette (Willmette), Antoine, 15, 
 
 1 6, 52, 54, 56. 
 
 Ouilmette, Elizabeth, 52, 56. 
 Owen, Thomas J. V., 51. 
 
 P. 
 
 Papan, Joseph, 54. 
 Pepot, Joseph, 16. 
 Perrot, Nicholas, 13. 
 Phelps, John, 56. 
 Piche, Peter, 15, 52. 
 Pierce, Franklin, 8. 
 Tolk, James K., 7, 8, 20. 
 
 INDEX. 59 
 
 Pothier, Joseph, 16, 23, 33, 53, 54' 
 
 R. 
 
 Ransom, Capt., 50. 
 Rausom, Amherst C., 15, 50. 
 Reynolds, GOT'. John, 17. 
 Robinson, Alexander, (Che-che-pin- 
 
 qua, Indian chief), 15, 16, 33, 54, 
 
 5 6. 
 
 Rose, Russell, 54, 55. 
 Roussain, Eustache, 50. 
 Rousser (Rausam), Amherst C., 15, 
 
 5- 
 Russell, Benjamin, 16. 
 
 S. 
 
 Sambli, Arkash, 56. 
 Sauganash (Billy Caldwell, Indian 
 chief), 14, 16, 17, 18, 25, 33, 54, 
 
 55- 
 
 Scott, Deborah, 56. 
 Scott, Permelia, 52. 
 Scott, Stephen)., 16, 52, 53, 54, 55, 
 
 56- 
 
 Scott, Wealthy, 53. 
 Scott, Willard, 53, 54, 55. 
 Scott, Willis, 52, 53, 56. 
 Schuyler, Gen. Philip, 9. 
 Secor, John Baptist, 16, 17, 54. 
 See, Rei 1 . William, 16, 53, 55, 56. 
 Shabonee(Chamblee, Indian chief),33. 
 Shedaker, John, 55. 
 Sheldon Thompson (steamboat), 5. 
 Smith, Horatio G., 54. 
 Smith, Joseph, 41. 
 Smith, Mary Ann, 56. 
 Smith, Matthias, 54, 55. 
 St.Clair, Gen. Arthur, n. 
 Strode, James M., 26. 
 Sullivan, Jeremiah, 20. 
 Sullivan, Lt. , 20, 21. 
 Superior (steamboat), 5. 
 Swing, Rei'. David, 37. 
 
 T. 
 
 Tappan, Benjamin, 6. 
 
 Taylor, Augustine D., 3. 
 
 Taylar, Zachary, 8. 
 
 Tecumseh (Indian chief), 13, 14, 17. 
 
 Thibeaut, Joseph, 16, 54. 
 
 Thompson, Lt. ]. L. , 55. 
 
 Thompson, Enoch, 55.
 
 6o 
 
 EARLY CHICAGO. 
 
 Thompson, Samuel, n, 17. 
 
 Titus, Capt. , 24. 
 
 Todd, John, u. 
 
 Tombien (or Toubien), Jean Baptiste, 
 
 54- 
 
 Tracy (schooner), 8. 
 Tyler, John, 8. 
 
 V. 
 
 VanBuren, Martin, 8, 55. 
 VanEaton, David, 16, 54, 55. 
 VanHorn, John, 16, 54. 
 VanOsdell,"john M., 43. 
 VanSicle, Martin, 16, 53. 
 VanSicle, Almira, 53. 
 VanStow, David, 54. 
 Vivier, Rev. Louis, 12. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wales, Prince of, 22. 
 
 Walker, Capt. A., 5. 
 
 Walker, Rev. Jesse, 16, 18, 53, 55. 
 
 Washington, Gen. George, 6, 9. 
 
 Watkins, Deborah (Scott), 56. 
 
 Watkins, Samuel, 56. 
 
 Wayne, Gen. Anthony, 8, 12, 22. 
 
 Webster, Daniel, 8. 
 Weeks, Cole, 16, 52. 
 Welch, Michael, 17, 19, 52, 54, 56. 
 Wellmaker, John, 54, 55. 
 Wentworth, Elijah, sr., 26, 51. 
 Wentworth, Elijah, jr., 26, 51. 
 Wentworth, George P., 54. 
 Wentworth, Hiram, 51. 
 Wentworth, John, 50. 
 Whistler, John, 7, 8, 10. 
 Whistler, William, 8. 
 Wilkins, William, 8. 
 William Penn (steamboat), 5. 
 Wilmette [Ouilmette], Antoine, 15, 
 
 1 6, 52, 54, 56. 
 
 Wilmette [Ouilmette], Elizabeth, 56. 
 Winthrop, Gov. John, 19. 
 Wolcott, Alexander, 15, 18, 23, 50, 
 
 Si, 54, 55- 
 
 Woodbridge, William, 8. 
 Woodbury, Levi, 8. 
 Woodville, N. D., 51. 
 Wright, Silas, 47. 
 Wycoff, Peter, 54, 55. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Young Tiger (schooner), 24.
 
 INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST "RECEPTION TO 
 THE SETTLERS OF CHICAGO PRIOR TO 1840, [AS 
 COMPILED BY HON. JOHN WENTWORTH], BY THE 
 CALUMET CLUB, MAY 27, 1879." 
 
 [This Index was prepared by Mr. Wentworth, August, 1881.] 
 
 A. 
 
 Adams, Charles, n. 
 
 Adams, John Quincy, 58. 
 
 Adams, Joseph, n. 
 
 Adams, William H., II, 51, 57, 84. 
 
 Adsit, James M., n, 84. 
 
 Adsit, James M., jr., 5. 
 
 Aldrich, William, 5. 
 
 Alexander, G. M., 5. 
 
 Allen, Edward R., u 
 
 Allen, Thomas, n. 
 
 Allerton, Samuel W., 5. 
 
 Allison, Thomas, II. 
 
 Anderson, T. W., 5- 
 
 Andrews, Joseph H., 5. 
 
 Angell, William A., 5. 
 
 Archer, William B., 53. 
 
 Areadne (vessel), 38. 
 
 Armour, George, 54. 
 
 Armour, George A., 5. 
 
 Armour, Joseph F., 5- 
 
 Arnold, Isaac N., u, 31, 50, 56, 57, 
 
 59, 84. 
 
 Asay, E. G., 5. 
 Asay, J. F., 5. 
 Ashwell, W. C., 5. 
 Averill, A. J., 5. 
 Ayers, Enos, 5. 
 
 B. 
 
 Bacon, Henry M., 5. 
 Bacon, Roswell B., 5. 
 Baker, William T., 5. 
 Baker, W. Vincent, 5. 
 
 Bailey, Amos, n, 52. 
 
 Bailey, Bennett, u, 84. 
 
 Balcom, Uri, 5. 
 
 Ballard, D. P., 5. 
 
 Baker, Franklin, n, 84. 
 
 Baldwin, W. A., u, 84. 
 
 Balestier, Joseph N., 11, 50, 84. 
 
 Balsley, John, II, 84. 
 
 Barnes, Charles J., 5, 6, 9. 
 
 Barnes, R. B., n. 
 
 Barrett, O. W., 6. 
 
 Bartlett, A. C., 6. 
 
 Bartlett, Charles S., 6. 
 
 Bascom, Flavel, n, 52, 76. 
 
 Batchelor, Ezra, 12, 84. 
 
 Bates, John, 12, 36, 84. 
 
 Baumgarten, Chris, 12. 
 
 Baumgarten, John, 12. 
 
 Beach, James S., 12. 
 
 Beaubien, Alexander, 74. 
 
 Beaubien, Henry, 74. 
 
 Beaubien, John Baptiste, 35, 74- 
 
 Beaubien, Mark, 12, 31, 36, 37, 39, 
 
 40, 42, 43, 48, 49, 60, 61, 70, 71, 
 
 74, 81, 82, 84. 
 
 Beaubien, Medore B., 12, 49, 51, 74. 
 Beaubien, Philip, 74. 
 Beecher, Jerome, 12, 31, 58, 84. 
 Beggs, Stephen R., 12, 23, 24, 47, 
 
 74, 84. 
 
 Berdel, Nicholas, 12, 78. 
 Berg, Anton, 12. 
 Bigelow, A. A., 6. 
 Billings, Charles A., 6. 
 Billings, H. F., 6.
 
 9 2 
 
 CALUMET CLUB OF CHICAGO. 
 
 Birch, Hugh T., 6. 
 
 Bishop, Henry W., 6. 
 
 Bishop, James E., 12, 51, 75, 78. 
 
 Bismarck, Prince, 29. 
 
 Black, Francis, 12, 78. 
 
 Black Hawk (Indian chief), 50, 60. 
 
 Blackstone, T. B., 6. 
 
 Blackman, Edwin, 12, 51, 59. 
 
 Blair, Chauncey B., 6. 
 
 Blair, Chauncey J., 6. 
 
 Blair, Watson F. 5, 6. 
 
 Blake, Capt. Chelsey, 54. 
 
 Blake, E. Sanford, 12. 
 
 Blake, L. S., 12. 
 
 Blake, S. Sanford, 84. 
 
 Blasy, Barnhard, 12, 78. 
 
 Blatchford, E. W., 78. 
 
 Blodgett, Henry W., 12, 31, 43, 44, 
 
 57, 58, 59, 63, 84. 
 Boggs, Charles T., 78. 
 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 27. 
 Boone, Levi D., 12, 31, 51, 56, 57, 
 
 84. 
 
 Borland, J. J., 6. 
 Botsford, Jabez K., 12, 31, 51, 52, 
 
 84. 
 
 Botsford, Moss, 12. 
 Bowen, Erastus S., 12. 
 Boyer, Valentine A., 12, 49, 51, 78. 
 Bradley, AsaF., 12, 52. 
 Bradley, Timothy M., 12, 57. 
 Bradwell, James B., 12, 84. 
 Brainard, Dr. Daniel, 34. 
 Bridges, T. B., 12. 
 Briggs, Clinton, 6. 
 Brooks, Henry, 12. 
 Brooks, Joshua, 12. 
 Brooks, Samuel M., 12. 
 Bross, William, 70. 
 Brown, Andrew, 6. 
 Brown, Andrew J., 12, 51, 55. 
 Brown, Henry, 55. 
 Brown, Lemuel, 12. 
 Brown, J. M., 6. 
 Brown, Nathaniel J., 12, 60. 
 Brown, William H., 34, 75. 
 Bryan, Fred. A., 12, 84. 
 Bryant, J. Ogden, 6. 
 Buchanan, James, 59. 
 Buckingham, C., 6. 
 Burgess, Wm. T., 54. 
 Burley, Arthur G., 13, 31, 51, 58, 
 
 75, 84. 
 
 Burley, Augustus H., 13, 31, 57, 75, 
 84. 
 
 Burley, Charles, 13, 75, 78. 
 Burnham, D. H., 6. 
 Butler, John H., 13. . 
 Butterfield, Justin, 34. 
 Byford, Henry T., 6. 
 
 C. 
 
 Cresar, Augustus, 45. 
 Caldwell, Archibald, 13, 30, 47. 
 Caldwell, Billy (Indian chief), 48, 49, 
 
 73, 74- 
 
 Calhoun, Alvin, 34, 68, 69. 
 Calhoun, John, 34, 68. 
 Campbell, Augustus S., 6. 
 Campbell, B. H., jr., 6. 
 Campbell, James, 13, 84. 
 Canda, Florimond, 13. 
 Carpenter, Abel E., 13, 85. 
 Carpenter, Philo, 13, 31, 49, 50, 51, 
 
 59, 74, 77, 85. 
 
 Carroll, Edward, 13. 
 
 Carver, W. S., 6. 
 
 Carter, Thomas B., 13, 31, 51, 85. 
 
 Casey, Edward, 40, 70. 
 
 Cassidy, J. A., 6. 
 
 Caton, Arthur J., 6. 
 
 Caton, John Dean, 13, 31, 34, 35, 
 40, 47, 5, 5i, 56, 58, 67, 69, 85. 
 
 Chacksfield, George, 13, 51, 85. 
 
 Chamberlain, Rev. J. S., 13, 78. 
 
 Chamblee (or Shabonee, Indian chief) 
 48. 
 
 Chapin, John P., 30, 66, 67, 69. 
 
 Che-che-pin-qua (or Alexander Robin- 
 son, Indian chief), 48. 
 
 Chisholm, William, 5, 6, 9. 
 
 Chumasero, John T., 6. 
 
 Church, William L., 13, 57, 85. 
 
 Clarissa (sloop), 54. 
 
 Clark, John K., 48. 
 
 Clark, John L., 13, 78. 
 
 Clark, John M., 6. 
 
 Clark, Stewart, 6. 
 
 Clark, T. B., 25. 
 
 Clarke, .Abram F., 13. 
 
 Clarke, Henry B., 34. 
 
 Clarke, Henry W., 13, 51, 54, 85. 
 
 Clarke, L. J., 13, 85. 
 
 Clarke, Norman, 13, 85. 
 
 Clarke, Samuel C., 13. 
 
 Cleaveland, James O., 6. 
 
 Cleaver, Charles, 13, 52, 85. 
 
 Cleaver, Edward C., 13, 78. 
 
 Clybourn, Archibald, 34, 48.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 93 
 
 Clybourn, Henly, 34, 48. 
 
 Clybourn, Jonas, 34, 48. 
 
 Cobb, Calvin, 6. 
 
 Cobb, Silas B., 6, 9, n, 13, 23, 24, 
 
 25, 3' 34, 36, 52, 59, 60, 71, 73, 
 
 75, 77, 79, 80, 81, 85. 
 Coburn, Charles E., 6. 
 Coburn, Joseph G., 6. 
 Coburn, Lewis L., 6. 
 Collier, Z. Clinton, 6. 
 Collins, James H., 40. 
 Collins & Caton (firm), 40. 
 Comes, Charles W., 6. 
 Connell, Charles J., 6. 
 Cook, Isaac, 13, 51, 52, 57, 59, 85. 
 Cook, Thomas, 13. 
 Cooper, E. M., 6. 
 Corrigan, William, 13, 78. 
 Corwith, Garden, 6. 
 Corwith, Henry, 6. 
 Corwith, Nathan, 6. 
 Couch, Ira, 34. 
 Couch, James, 13, 85. 
 Counselman, Charles, 6. 
 Cowles, Alfred, 6. 
 Cox, R. W., 6. 
 Crane, Albert, 6. 
 Crane, Charles A., 6. 
 Crerar, John, 6. 
 Critchell, R. S., 6. 
 Crocker, Hans, 13, 54. 
 Culbertson, C. M., jr., 6. 
 Curtiss, James, 34. 
 
 D. 
 
 Davidson, O., 13. 
 
 Davis, Jefierson, 53. 
 
 Davlin, John, 13, 57, 78. 
 
 Densmore, Eleazer W., 13, 58, 85. 
 
 Derby, W. M., 6. 
 
 Dewey, A. A., 6. 
 
 Dewey, Dennis S., 13, 78, 85. 
 
 DeWolf, Calvin, 13, 85. 
 
 Dexter, A. A., 13. 
 
 Dickey, Hugh T., 14, 31, 51, 54, 57, 
 
 58, 85. 
 
 Dickinson, Augustus, 14, 78. 
 Doane, J. W., 6. 
 Dodge, George E. P., 6. 
 Dodge, Martin, 14. 
 Dodge, Usual S., 14. 
 Dodson, Christian B., 14, 53, 85. 
 Dole, George W., 39, 74, 75. 
 Doty, Theodorus, 14, 85. 
 
 Douglas, Stephen A., 51. 
 Drake, John B., 6. 
 Drew, Charles W., 5, 6., 
 Drummond, Thomas, 14, 31, 57, 58, 
 
 85. 
 
 Duck, Charles H., 14. 
 Dwight, J. H. 6. 
 Dyer, Charles V., 34. 
 Dyer, George R., 14. 
 Dyer, Thomas, 34. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eddy, Augustus N. , $, 6, 9. 
 Eddy, Devotion C., 51, 85. 
 Edgell, Stephen M., 14. 
 Egan, William B., 34. 
 Egan, Wiley M., 14, 85. 
 Eldridge, John W., 14, 31, 51. 
 Ellis, Joel, 14. 
 Elliot, James F. D., 14, 85. 
 Ellithorpe, Albert C., 14, 85. 
 Estes, Mrs. Elijah, 25. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fairbank, N. K., 6. 
 
 Fake, Henry, 14. 
 
 Fargo, Charles, 6. 
 
 Fauntleroy, T. S., 6. 
 
 Fergus, Robert, 14, 85. 
 
 Field, Marshall, 6. 
 
 Filer, Alanson, 14. 
 
 Filmore, Millard, 59. 
 
 Fisher, Fred P., 6. 
 
 Fleetwood, Charles, 6. 
 
 Fleetwood, Stanley, 6. 
 
 Fleming, Robert H,, 6. 
 
 Flood, Peter F., 14, 78. 
 
 Follansbee, Charles, 14, 31, 57, 85. 
 
 Foss, Robert H., 57. 
 
 Foster, John H., 30. 
 
 Freeman, Robert, 14, 85. 
 
 Freer, L. C. Paine, 14, 31, 85. 
 
 Fuller, George W., 6. 
 
 Fuller, William A., 6. 
 
 Fullerton, Alexander N., 14, 50. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gage, Albert S., 6. 
 Gage, Jared, 14. 
 Gage, John, 14, 56. 
 Gale, Abram, 14, 86. 
 Gale, Stephen F., 14, 31, 51, 52, 75, 
 86.
 
 94 
 
 CALUMET CLUB OF CHICAGO. 
 
 Gardner, C. S., 7. 
 
 Garrett, Augustus, 31, 34, 60, 66, 67, 
 
 69- 
 
 Garrett, Brown & Co. (firm), 60. 
 Gates, Philetus W., 14, 86. 
 Germaine, George H., 14, 86. 
 Getchell, E. F., 7. 
 Gilbert, Samuel H., 14, 86. 
 Glover, Samuel J., 7. 
 Goodhue, Josiah C., 66, 67, 69. 
 Goodman, James B., 5, 7. 
 Goodrich, Grant, 14, 31, 49, 50, 51, 
 
 52, 54, 56, 62, 70, 86. 
 Goodrich, Thomas Watson, 14, 86. 
 Goodwin, Jonathan, 7. 
 Goold, Nathaniel, 14. 
 Gore, George P., 7. 
 Gorton, Anson, 7. 
 Gould, M. B., 7. 
 Graff, Peter, 14, 86. 
 Granger, Elihu, 14, 57, 86. 
 Grannis, Amos, 15, 57, 86. 
 Grannis, S. W., 15. 
 Grannis, W. C. D., 7. 
 Grant, James, 15, 31, 44, 45, 51, 58, 
 
 86. 
 
 Grant, W. S., 59. 
 Graves, Henry, 15. 
 Graves, Dexter, 39. 
 Gray, Charles M., 15, 57. 
 Gray, Franklin D., 7, 9, II, 15, 31, 
 
 73. 77, 79, 86. 
 
 Gray, George M., 15, 31, 86. 
 Gray, John, 15, 31, 57, 86. 
 Gray, Joseph H., 15, 31, 86. 
 Gray, William B. H., 15, 31, 86. 
 Green, Russell, 15. 
 Grey, William, L., 7. 
 Gurnee, Walter S., 15, 57. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hackett, John, 15. 
 
 Hackney, H. C., 7. 
 
 Hackney, JohnJ., 7. 
 
 Hadduck, Edward H., 15, 39, 56, 
 
 59, 68, 86. 
 
 Haines, Elijah M., 15, 57. 
 Haines, John C., 15, 57, 78. 
 Hall, Amos T., 7. 
 Hall, Benjamin, 15, 47, 86. 
 Hall, David, 48. 
 Hall, Phillip A., 86. 
 Hall, William S., 7. 
 Hallam, Rev. Isaac W., 15, 34, 74. 
 
 Hamill, Charles D., 7. 
 Hamill, Ernest A., 7. 
 Hamilton, Polemus D., 15, 86. 
 Hamilton, Richard J., 30, 34, 73. 
 
 74- 
 
 Hanchett, John L., 15, 86. 
 Hanford, P. C., 7. 
 Hardin, S. H., 7. 
 
 Harmon, Elijah Dewey, 25, 34, 35. 
 Harmon, Isaac D., 15, 34. 
 Harmon, Isaac N., 15, 74, 86. 
 Harmon, Edwin R., 15. 
 Harrington Augustus M., 15. 
 Harrington, James C., 15. 
 Harrison, Gen. William H., 48, 59. 
 Haskell, Fred T., 7. 
 Hastings, Hiram, 15. 
 Hawley, John S., 15, 86. 
 Hayes, Rutherford B., 59. 
 Heacock, Russell E., 31, 34. 
 Heald, Hamilton, 15. 
 Heaton, E. S., 7. 
 Henderson, E. F., 7. 
 Henry, R. L:, 7. 
 Hibbard, William G., 7 
 Hickling, William, 15, 86. 
 Higgins, Van H., 15, 31, 87. 
 Hilliard, Lorin P., 15, 87. 
 Hitchcock, Rev. Luke, 15, 52. 
 Hoard, Samuel, 15, 57, 59, 87. 
 Hodges, L., 7. 
 
 Hogan, John S. C., 34, 37, 74. 
 Holden," Charles N., 15, 59, 87. 
 Holbrook, John, 51. 
 Holliday, John M., 7. 
 Horton, Dennison, 15, 58, 87. 
 Howe, Fredrick A., 16, 87. 
 Hoyne, F. G., 7. 
 Hoyne, T. M., 7. 
 Hoyne, Thomas, 16, 31, 51, 56, 57, 
 
 *fi 9.1 
 
 ;>, 7- 
 
 Hubbard, Elijah K., 34. 
 Hubbard, Gurdon S., 16, 31, 37, 46, 
 
 Si, 52, 53, 59, 64, 71, 75, 87. 
 Hubbard, Thomas H., 16. 
 Hughes, John B., 7. 
 Hugunin, James R., 16. 
 Hugunin, Lemuel C., 16. 
 Hull, Gen. William, 48, 71. 
 Humphreys, Gen. A. A., 16, 53. 
 Hunter, David, 16, 75, 76. 
 Hunter, George W., 16. 
 Huntington, Alonzo, 16, 51, 58, 87. 
 Huntoon, George M., 16. 
 Husted, H. H., 58.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 95 
 
 Hutchings, Charles S., 7, 9. 
 Hyman, R. W., jr., 7. 
 
 I. 
 
 Isham, Henry P., 7. 
 
 J- 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, 47, 59. 
 Jackson, Carding, 58. 
 Jansen, E. L., 7. 
 Jefferson, Joseph, 55- 
 Jefferson, Thomas, 47. 
 Jenkins, T. R., 7. 
 Johnson, Andrew, 57, 59. 
 Johnston, William J., 7. 
 Jones, Fernando, 16. 
 Jones, Nathaniel A., 16, 87. 
 Jones, S. J., 7. 
 Jones, William, 31. 
 Judah, Noble B., 7. 
 
 K. 
 
 Keep, Albert, 7. 
 
 Keep, Chauncey, 7. 
 
 Keep, Fred A., 7. 
 
 Keep, Henry, 7. 
 
 Kehoe, Michael, 16, 87. 
 
 Keith, Edson, 5, 7. 
 
 Keith, O. R., 7. 
 
 Kelley, David, 7. 
 
 Kellogg, A. N., 7. 
 
 Kennicott, Jonathan A., 1 6, 87. 
 
 Kennicott, Joseph E., 16. 
 
 Kettlestrings, Joseph, 16. 
 
 Kimball, C. Fred, 7. 
 
 Kimball, C. P., 7. 
 
 Kimball, Harlow, 16. 
 
 Kimball, Mark, 7, 9, n, 16, 31, 73, 
 
 77, 80, 87. 
 
 Kimball, Martin N., 16, 87. 
 Kimball, Walter, 16, 3;, 51, 52, 53, 
 
 57, 59- 87- 
 Kimball, W. W., 7. 
 Kimbark, S D., 7. 
 King, Tuthill, 1 6, 31, 50, 51, 52, 87. 
 Kinzie, James, 34, 48, 74. 
 Kinzie. John, 47, 64. 
 Kinzie, John H., 30, 34, 64, 74, 75. 
 Kinzie, Robert A., 36, 64, 74. 
 Kinzie, William, 48. 
 Kirkpatrick, W. E., 7. 
 Knickerbocker, Abram V., 53. 
 Knickerbocker, Joshua C., 7. 
 Knickerbocker, H. W., 16, 87. 
 
 Knight, Darius, 16. 
 Knight, W. S., 7. 
 Kuhl, John, 16. 
 
 L. 
 
 Laflin, George H., 16. 
 
 Laflin, Mathew, 16, 31. 
 
 Lafromboise, Joseph, 49. 
 
 Lane, Elisha B., 16, 87. 
 
 Lane, George W., 16, 87. 
 
 Lane, James, 57, 87. 
 
 Larrabee, William M., 16, 56, 59. 
 
 Lathrop, Samuel, 16. 
 
 Law, Robert, 7. 
 
 Lay, A. Tracy, 7. 
 
 Leaven worth, Jesse H., 16, 53. 
 
 Leiter, Levi Z., 7. 
 
 Lester, John T., 7. 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, 57, 59. 
 
 Lind, Sylvester, 16, 58, 78. 
 
 Lineburger, Rev. Isaac, 25. 
 
 Lock, William, 16, 58, 87. 
 
 Logan, John A., 7. 
 
 Loomis, Henry, 16, 78. 
 
 Loomis, Horatio G., 17, 51, 58, 87. 
 
 Loomis, John M., 7. 
 
 Loyd, Alexander, 34. 
 
 Ludington, Nelson, 7. 
 
 M. 
 
 Magill, Julian, 17. 
 Maher, Hugh, 17. 
 Marlborough, Z?/fe 0/J 27. 
 Malony, Mathew S., 17. 
 Manierre, Edward, 17, 87. 
 Manierre, George, 34. 
 Markoe, Hartman, 17. 
 Marsh, Sylvester, 17. 
 Marshall, George E., 7. 
 Marshall, James A., 17, 58, 61, 87. 
 Martineau, Harriet, 29. 
 May, Edward, 7. 
 McCarthy, Owen, 17. 
 McClelland, H. W., 7. 
 McClure, Josiah E., 17, 78. 
 McDaniels, Alexander, 17, 8". 
 McDonnell, Charles, 17, 56. 
 McKee, David, 17, 47. 
 Mclntosh, David, 17- 
 Meeker, George W., 68, 69. 
 Metz, Christopher, 17, 79. 
 Michigan (steamer), 54. 
 Miller, Jacob, 34, 48. 
 Miller, DeLaskie, 7.
 
 9 6 
 
 Miller, John, 34, 48. 
 
 Miller, R. B., 7. 
 
 Miller, Samuel, 34, 48. 
 
 Milliken, Isaac L., 17, 57, 88. 
 
 Mills, John R., 17, 88. 
 
 Miltimore, Ira, 17, 56, 88. 
 
 Mitchell, Arthur, 78. 
 
 Mitchell, John J., 7. 
 
 Molony, Mathew S., 51. 
 
 Moore, Henry, 34, 58. 
 
 Moore, John, 54. 
 
 Moore, Robert, 17. 
 
 Morgan, Patrick R., 17. 
 
 Morley, E. W., 7. 
 
 Morris, Buckner S., 17, 31, 51, 56, 58, 
 
 70, 79- 
 
 Morrison, Daniel, 17, 88. 
 Morrison, Ephraim, 17, 88. 
 Morrison, Ezekiel, 17, 88. 
 Morse, T. E., 7. 
 Murphy, James K , 17, 88. 
 Murphy, John, 34. 
 
 Murray, Robert N., 17, 50, 54, 88. 
 Myrick, Willard F., 17, 88. 
 
 N. 
 
 Newberry, Walter L., 34, 55, 75. 
 
 Nichols, Luther, 17, 52. 
 
 Noble, John, 17, 88. 
 
 Norris, Joseph F., 58. 
 
 Norton, Nelson R., 17, 54. * 
 
 O. 
 
 Oakley, J. W., 7. 
 Ogden, J. W., 7. 
 Ogden, Mahlon D., 17, 51, 57, 69, 
 
 88. 
 
 Ogden, William B., 34, 56, 69, 75. 
 Oliver, John A., 88. 
 Olmstead, Edward, 8. 
 Osborn, Andrew L., 17, 88. 
 Osborn, William, 17, 51, 88. 
 Otis, George L., 8. 
 Otis, Joseph E., 8. 
 Otis, Philo A., 8. 
 Otis, X. L., 8. 
 Owen, George, 74. 
 Owen, Thomas, 74. 
 
 Owen, Thomas J. V., 74. 
 Owen, William, 74. 
 
 P. 
 
 Packard, Edward A., 8. 
 
 CALUMET CLUB OF CHICAGO. 
 
 Page, Peter, 17, 57, 88. 
 
 Page, William R., 8. 
 
 Pardee, Theron, 17. 
 
 Parker, John, 18. 
 
 Parker, Thomas L., 18. 
 
 Peacock, Elijah, 18. 
 
 Peacock, Charles D., 8. 
 
 Peacock, Joseph, 18, 88. 
 
 Peck, Clarence I., 8. 
 
 Peck, Ebenezer, 18, 77. 
 
 Peck, Ferdinand W., 8. 
 
 Peck, John L., 8. 
 
 Peck, Philip F. W., 34, 74. 
 
 Perry, Robert L., 5, 8. 
 
 Peters, George, 18. 
 
 Phelps, Erskine M., 8. 
 
 Pickering, Capt.- - , 38. 
 
 Pierce, Asahel, 18, 54, 56, 88. 
 
 Pierce, Franklin, 59. 
 
 Pierce, Smith D., 1 8. 
 
 Pitkin, Nathaniel, 18. 
 
 Plum, William B., 18. 
 
 Polk, James K., 59. 
 
 Pool, Capt. J. W., 1 8, 88. 
 
 Porter, Hibbard, 18, 88, 
 
 Porter, Rev. Jeremiah, 18, 52, 77, 
 
 7 8. 
 
 Porter, Mrs. Jeremiah, 77. 
 Porter, Rev. J. G., 1 8. 
 Powell, Samuel, 8. 
 Powers, William G., 88. 
 Price, Cornelius, 88. 
 I'rindeville, John, 18, 88. 
 Prindeville, Redmond, 18, 88. 
 Pullman, George M., 8. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quick, John H. S., 8. 
 
 R. 
 
 Ralston, R. W., 8. 
 Rand, Socrates, 18. 
 Raymond, Benjamin W., 18, 31, 51, 
 
 52, 56, 59/89. 
 Rees, James H., 9, n, 18, 31, 52, 73, 
 
 80, 89. 
 
 Reis, John M., 18. 
 Reis, Jacob, 18. 
 Reis, John P., 18. 
 Rexford, Norman, 18. 
 Rexford, Stephen, 18, 89. 
 Richards, James J., 18, 89. 
 Robinson, Alexander (or Che-che-pin- 
 
 qua, Indian chief), 48.
 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 97 
 
 Rockwell, A. L., 8. 
 
 Roe, John, 8. 
 
 Rogers, Edward K., 18, 51, 59, 89. 
 
 Rogers, John G., 8. 
 
 Root, J. S., 1 8. 
 
 Root, John W., 8. 
 
 Rue, John C., 18. 
 
 Rumsey, George F., 18, 31, 89. 
 
 Rumsey, Julien S., 18, 31, 57, 89. 
 
 Russell, Jacob, 34. 
 
 Russell, John B. F., 34. 
 
 Ryan, Edward G., 18. 
 
 S. 
 
 Saltonstall, F. G., 18. 
 
 Sare, William H., 8. 
 
 Satterlee, Merritt L., 18, 51, 89. 
 
 Sauganash (or Billy Caldwell, Indian 
 
 chief), 48. 49, 74. 
 Sawyer, E. T., 8. 
 Sawyer, Nathaniel, 18. 
 Sawyer, Sidney, 18, 51, 89. 
 Scammon, J. Young, 19, 30, 31, 50, 
 
 57, 65, 68, 89. 
 Schneider, George, 8. 
 Scott, Willard, 19, 47, 89. 
 Scott, Willis, 19, 47, 50, 89. 
 Scott, Gen. Winfield, 50. 
 Scoville, William H., 19, 89. 
 See, Rev, William, 25. 
 Seeberger, A. F., 8. 
 Seeberger, C. D., 8. 
 Shabonee(orChamblee, Indian chief), 
 
 48. 
 
 Shapley, Morgan L., 19, 53. 
 Shay, M. D., 8. 
 Shepard, J. H., 8. 
 
 Sheridan, Gtn. Philip H., 8, 54, 76. 
 Sherman, Alanson S., 19, 52, 56, 58, 
 
 89. 
 
 Sherman, Ezra L. , 19, 59, 89. 
 Sherman, Francis C., 34. 
 Sherman, Frank T., 19. 
 Sherman, J. S., 19. 
 Sherman, Oren, 19, 51, 89. 
 Shipman, Daniel B., 8. 
 Skeele, J. H., 8. 
 Skinner, Mark, 19, 31, 51, 57, 58, 
 
 59, 89. 
 
 Smith, Byron L., 8. 
 Smith, Dr. David S., 19, 51, 89. 
 Smith, Elijah, 19. 
 Smith, Fred L, 8. 
 Smith, George, 19. 
 
 Smith, Joseph F., 19. 
 
 Snowhook, William B., 19, -54, 57, 
 
 59, 89. 
 
 Solicit, John, 19, 89. 
 Soules, Rufus, 19. 
 Spaulding, S. F., 19. 
 Speer, Isaac, 19. 
 Spring, Giles, 34, 40. 
 Stager, Anson, 5, 8, 25. 
 Stanton, Daniel D., 19. 
 Stearns, Marcus C., 8, 9, u, 19, 31, 
 
 73, 80, 89. 
 
 Steele, James W., 19, 89. 
 Stevens, George E., 8. 
 Stevens, Thomas H., 19. 
 Stewart, Hart L., 19, 31, 54, 57, 59, 
 
 89- 
 
 Stone, Joseph A., 8. 
 Stone, John, 58. 
 Stone, Lewis W., 19. 
 Storrs, Emory A., 8. 
 Stow, Henry M., 19. 
 Stow, William H., 19, 56. 
 Strail, J. Milo, 19, 51. 
 Strong, 'Henry, 8, 26, 34, 40. 
 Stubbs, S. A., 89. 
 Stuart, John T., 51. 
 Sturtevant, Austin D., 19, 90. 
 Surdam, Samuel J., 19, 51, 58, 90. 
 Sweeney, John, 19. 
 Sweet, Mrs. Charles, 25. 
 Swift, Richard K., 19. 
 
 T. 
 
 Talcott, Edward B.. 19, 52, 53, 59. 
 Taylor, Augustine Deodat, 19, 31, 
 
 52. 
 
 Taylor, Mrs. Charles, 77. 
 Taylor, Edmund D., 20, 31, 46, 47, 
 
 5i 5i 57, 59, 90. 
 Taylor, Ezra, 20. 
 Taylor, Reuben, 20. 
 Taylor, William H., 20, 51, 52, 79. 
 Taylor, Gen. Zachary, 58, 59. 
 Tecumseh (Indian chief), 48, 49. 
 Temple, Peter, 20, 79. 
 Tenney, D. K., 8. 
 Thacher, J. M., 8. 
 Thompson, John L., 8. 
 Throop, Amos G., 57. 
 Toner, John, 20. 
 Towner, Norman K., 74, 75. 
 Tripp, Robinson, 20, 58, 90. 
 Tucker, W. F., jr., 8.
 
 9 8 
 
 | ALL" MET CLUB OF CHICAGO. 
 
 Turner, John, 20, 79. 
 
 Turner, John B., 34, 75. 
 
 Turner, John M., 20, 52. 
 
 Turner, Leighton, 20. 
 
 Tuttle, Frederick, 8, 9, 1 1 , 20, 73, 
 
 So, 90. 
 
 Tuttle, Frederick B., 5, 8, 9. 
 Tuttle, Lucius G., 20. 
 Tyler, John, 57, 59. 
 
 U. 
 
 Underwood, John M., 20, 75. 
 
 V. 
 
 Vail, H. S., 8. 
 Vail, Walter, 20, 79, 90. 
 Vallette, Henry F., 20. 
 VanBuren, Martin, 51, 59. 
 Vandercook, Charles K., 20. 
 VanNortwick, John, 20, 90. 
 VanOsdell, John M., 20, 52, 90. 
 VanSchaack, Peter, 8. 
 VanSchaick, A. G., 5, 8, 9. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wadhams, Carlton, 20. 
 
 Wadhams, Seth, 20, 90. 
 
 Wadsworth, Elisha S., 20, 31, 51, 79. 
 
 Wadsworth, Julius, 20, 31, 56. 
 
 Waite, George W., 20, 90. 
 
 Walker, Rev. Jesse, 24, 48, 73, 74. 
 
 Walker, Lucy, 25. 
 
 Walker, Samuel B., 58. 
 
 Walker, William B., 8. 
 
 Walter, Joel C., 8, 9, n, 20, 31, 51, 
 
 73, 79," 80, 90. 
 Walton, Nelson C., 20. 
 Warner, Seth P., 20. 
 Warner, Spencer, 20. 
 Warren, Julius M., 54, 60, 6l, 63, 
 
 71. - 
 
 Waters, Benjamin, 20. 
 Watkins, John, 20, 50, 74. 
 Watkins, Thomas, 49. 
 Watson, William, jr., 8. 
 
 Wattles, William W., 39. 
 Wellington, Duke of, 27. 
 Wells, M. D., 8. ' 
 Wentworth, Elijah, sr., 34. 
 Wentworth, Elijah, jr., 25, 34. 
 Wentworth, Moses J., 8. 
 Wentworth, John, 20, 31, 45, 71, 81, 
 
 90. 
 
 Wentworth, Lucy (Walker), 25. 
 Wetmore, C. L., 8. 
 Wheaton, George D., 8. 
 Wheeler, C. T., 8. 
 Wheeler, Ezra J., 8. 
 Wheeler, H. N., 8. 
 White, George, 36, 64. 
 Whitehead, A'fz: Henry, 20, 90 
 Whitney, J. C., 8. 
 Wicker, Charles G., 20. 
 Wicker, Joel H., 20. 
 Wight, Thomas, 8. 
 W'ilbor, Philo A., 8. 
 Wilcox, Sextus N., 21, 90. 
 Wilde, George W., 21. 
 Williams, Abram, 8. 
 Williams, Clifford, 8. 
 Williams, Norman, 8. 
 Willard, Alonzo J., 21, 90. 
 Willard, Elisha W., 21. 
 Williams, Eli B., 21, 31, 51, 54, 56, 
 
 59, 90. 
 
 Williams, Giles, 21. 
 Wilson, Hugh R., 8. 
 Wilson, John L., 21, 34, 52, 57, 90. 
 Winship, James, 21, 90. 
 Wolcott, Alexander, 21, 52, 90. 
 Wood, Alonzo C., 21. 
 Woodruff, Charles' W., 8. 
 Wood worth, James H., 34. 
 Wood worth, Robert P., 34. 
 Wright, George S., 21. 
 Wright, John, 31, 35, 74. 
 Wright, John S., 31. 
 Wright, Truman G., 21, 79. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Vates, Horace H., 21, 90. 
 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY CHICAGO.
 
 FERGUS PRINTING COMPANY, CHICAGO. 
 
 THE MARTYRDOM OF LOVEJOY. 
 
 An account of the Life, Trials, and Perils of Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy, killed by a Pro- 
 Slavery Mob, at Alton, 111., on the night of Nov. 7, 1^37. By HENRY TANNER, of Buffalo, N.Y., an Eye- 
 
 miT*. /-ii.ti _____ j_./-5iij ___ . o: j _ ___ 11 __ ... .& - - 
 
 Witness. Cloth boards; Gilt-top; Side and bottom uncut; Illustrated; Pp. 233; Svo. 1881. 
 
 An exceedingly interesting and fully authen- 
 tic narrative of one of the most thrilling epi- 
 sodes in the history of the great anti-slavery 
 movement which culminated in the War of the 
 Rebellion and the emancipation of the slaves 
 by President Lincoln. But for such books as 
 this, it would be difficult for us, in this day, to 
 realize what heroic courage, what patience in 
 suffering and self-sacrifice it required to stand 
 up against the bitter opposition which the pub- 
 lication of anti-slavery sentiments elicited in 
 the dark davs of 1837, when Lovejoy published 
 the Alton Observer. There is no doubt but that 
 Lovejoy's name will go into history as the first 
 American martyr for the right of free speech 
 and a free press. He was a brave, great-souled, 
 clear-headed man, and, like Samson of old, it 
 may be said of him that he slew more Philistines 
 at his death than in all his life. The publishers 
 of this and other valuable documents relating 
 to the early history of our State, are' doing a 
 good work for the general public and for DOS- 
 terity. They rank among the oldest printing 
 companies of the City, and it seems peculiarly 
 appropriate that they should seek to rescue 
 from fast - approaching oblivion all accessible 
 facts relating to early pioneer life within the 
 bounds of our glorious Commonwealth. The 
 " Martyrdom of Lovejoy " is not the only valua- 
 ble work which has already issued from their 
 press, and which they keep constantly on hand 
 for sale. Chicago .Journal, Feb. 5, 1881. 
 
 The story is deeply interesting, and now seems 
 almost incredible, so far have we risen beyond 
 the stagnant condition in which Lovejoy's death 
 found us. The book is handsomely printed and 
 contains a few engravings and fac-similes, one, 
 a head of Lovejoy himself, who does not look 
 like a great man, but like a good one, as in fact 
 he was, brave and earnest and well fitted to be 
 a m&rtyr.S/trhtijfleld Rcpubli'n, Mass., March 
 
 J4th, 1WU. 
 
 Xot only to those who at the time were person- 
 ally interested in the career and heroic death of 
 the Kev. Elijah Parrish Lovejoy, nor to those 
 who now warmly sympathize with the noble' 
 purposes which prompted the martyr to the 
 pursuit of ends apparently chimerical in the 
 extent of their nobility: but to all students of 
 the germs and first budding of a mighty refor- 
 mation in the history of morals, and to all lovers 
 of mysterious natural development this book 
 will be valuable. Here is vividly portrayed the 
 t'n-t blood-letting for outspoken antagonism to 
 the villainies of slave-trail c and s|ave-holdiii, 
 and the wonderful persistence in aim, as well as 
 the power of thought and pen that prepared 
 Lovejoy for his glorious end. From the early 
 articles on tnmstvbstiuitiation and nunneries to 
 the last fiery denunciation of negro subjection, 
 the hero shows the same outspoken boldness of 
 conviction, combined with a continual increase 
 in ability of expression. That any pledge was 
 violated in the assumption of.an anti-slavery 
 
 Price, $2. 
 
 tone in the leaders of the St. Louis Observer, 
 Mr. Tanner has clearly proved groundless : and 
 that the life of Elijah Parrish Lovejoy is worthy 
 to be ranked among the highest and purest, no 
 candid reader can pretend to doubt. "So shines 
 a good deed in a naughty world." Buffalo Ex- 
 press, May 18, 1881. 
 
 Probably no single event in the early history 
 of the progress of the anti-slavery sentiment in 
 the United States, produced a more profound 
 impression at the time than the successive de- 
 struction, by mobs, of the four printing-presses 
 which belonged to Mr. Lovejoy, and in the de- 
 fence of the last of which, under the sanction of 
 civil authority, he sacrificed his life. These early 
 annals of the anti-slavery agitation can well be 
 perused by many who lived at the time, while 
 to the student of American history, who has 
 been born since those years, they are invalua- 
 ble. -Iowa State Register, May 14, 1881. 
 
 The "Martyrdom of Lovejoy" is the title of a 
 well-printed octavo volume, published by the 
 Fergus Printing Company, of Chicago, which 
 sontains an account of the life, trials, and perils 
 of Eev. Elijah P. Lovejoy. * * * The author, 
 Henry Tanner, of Buffalo, N. Y., who assisted 
 Mr. Lovejoy in the defence of his property and 
 his rights, and was by his side when he died, 
 has done a valuable service in gathering, from 
 the records of the past, so many items of his- 
 toric interest to combine with his own recollec- 
 tions of the tragic event which shook the whole 
 country like an earthquake. Sunday Herald, 
 Boston, March 6, 1881. 
 
 This is a plain, unvarnished history of the 
 life and perils of the Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy. 
 * * So rapid has been the march of public 
 sentiment that the generation of young men and 
 women of to-day can not realize the bitter and 
 deadly antagonism of slavery forty-three years 
 ago. The book will give an insight into the bit- 
 ter and unrelenting spirit which held sway even 
 in the free North. It is not written to keep 
 alive old antagonisms, but as history, which all 
 should know, that they may better appreciate 
 all that has been accomplished in the past, and 
 appreciate the present. The story is told with- 
 out any effort at embellishment, and wonder- 
 fully free from every vindictive expression. If 
 the friends of human slavery object to anything 
 in the volume, it will be the honest facts of the 
 history, which need no embellishment or sharp 
 phrase to make them abhorrent to every lover 
 of the right and free institutions. In ter Ocean, 
 Chicago, Feb. 5, issi. 
 
 As the narrative has reference to events long 
 since past, connected with the early days of the 
 anti-slavery contest, we had no idea until we 
 began reading the book that we should find it 
 so deeply interesting and well calculated to give 
 an insight into the struggle for the liberty of 
 the press which led to the abolition of slavery. 
 Messiah's Herald, Boston, March 30, 1881. 
 
 Reception to the Settlers of Chicago, prior to 1840, by the CALUMET CLUB, May 27, 
 1879. Containing Club Members' Names; Origin of Reception; Record of Old Settlers invited; Reception- 
 Speeches of Rev. Stephen R. Beggs. Gen Henry Strong, Ex. -Chief-Justice John Dean Caton, Judge Henr>" 
 W. Blodgett. Judge James Grant, Hon. John Wentworth, Judge Grant Goodrich, Hon. J. Young Scammon, 
 and Hon. Win. Bross; Tables showing places of birth, year of arrival, and age of those who attended and 
 signed Register; Appendix with letters from John Watkins, Norman K. Towner, Rev. Flavel Bascom, Maj - 
 Gen. David Hunter, Judge Ebenezer Peck. Rev. Jeremiah Porter, and the names from whom brief letters 
 of regret were received; Extracts from Chicago Tribune and Evening Journal; and Register of O.d 
 
 Settlers; with name, date of arrival, birthplace, age, and present adaress. 
 WENTWORTH. Pp 90; Svo. 1879.' 
 
 Sent l>y mall, post-i>nld, < 
 
 Compiled by Hon. JOHN 
 
 LIBRARY FACILITY
 
 FERGUS' HISTORICALSERIE S : 
 
 i. 
 
 \nnn*s of hiego: 
 
 :ii. 21, 1840. By 
 
 N. I .'epublished from tl 
 
 nal edition of 1840, with an Introduction, written 
 by the Author in 1876: and. also, a. Review of the 
 :ro, published in the Chicago Tribune, in 1872. 
 Pp. 48; Svo. 1876. Price, 25 cents. 
 
 2. 
 
 Fergus' Directory of the City of Chicago, 
 
 1839; w 'th City a "d County Officers, Churches, 
 Public Buildings, Hotels, etc. ; also, list of Sheriffs 
 of Cook County and Mayors of the City since their 
 organization: together with t'ie Poll-list of the First 
 City Election (Tuesday, May 2, 1837). List of Pur- 
 ch..sers of Lots in Fort-Dearborn Addition, the No. 
 of the Lots and the prices paid, etc., etc. (Histori- 
 cal Sketch of City compiled for Directory of 1843, 
 etc.) Compiled by ROBERT FERGUS. Pp. 68; Svo. 
 1876. Price, 50 cents. 
 
 a. 
 
 The Last of the Illinois, and a Sketch of 
 the Pottawatomies: A Lecture read before the 
 Chicago Historical Society, Dec. 13, 1870. Also, 
 
 Origin of the Prairies: A Lecture read before the 
 Ottawa Academy of Natural Sciences, Dec. 30. 1869. 
 By Hon. JOHN DEAN CATON, LL. D., late Chief- 
 Justice of Illinois. Pp. 56; Svo. 1876. Price, 25 cts. 
 
 Early Movement in Illinois for the Legal- 
 ization of Slavery : An Historical Sketch read at 
 the Annual Meeting of the Chicago Historical Socie- 
 ty, Dec. 5, 1*64. By Hon. WM. H. BROWN Pp. 32; 
 8vo 1876. Price, 25 cents. 
 
 Biographical Sketches of Early Settlers 
 of Chicago. Part I: Hon. S. Lisle Smith, Geo. 
 Davis, Dr. Phillip Maxwell, John J. Brown, Richard 
 L. Wilson, Col. Lewis C. Kerchival, Uriah P. Harris, 
 Henry B. Clarke, and Sheriff Sa-mel J. Lowe. By 
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 O. 
 
 i. Biographical Sketches of Early Settlers 
 
 of Chicago. Part II: Hon. Wm. H. Brown, with 
 
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