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 293 
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 1917 
 MAIN 
 
 liK^A.H 
 
Illlllllllll'lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Illllllll I llll l lllllll 
 
 The War Department 
 
 u- 
 
 Commission on 
 
 Training Camp 
 
 Activities 
 
 "/ regard the work of the 
 Commission onT/aining Camp 
 AciitJ^ti«s^j^sa most significant 
 fact^£^^n^!fm^^ the war'* 
 
 W7 
 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 [ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 M 1 1 1 I 1 1 M I ] I I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 rm 
 
The War Department 
 
 Commission on 
 
 Training Camp 
 
 Activities 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
To the Clergymen of America: 
 
 Attention is particularly called to the activities 
 of the Playground and Recreation Association 
 of America which, as you will see from page 21, 
 is doing a very effective piece of work in organ- 
 izing the communities in the neighborhood of 
 military camps. The Playground and Recrea- 
 tion Association of America is inaugurating a 
 campaign for funds, inasmuch as its work is of a 
 kind which obviously cannot be paid from gov- 
 ernment sources. It is sincerely hoped that you 
 will be able, through advice and counsel, to give 
 this campaign the benefit of your support. 
 
 Raymond B. Fosdick, Chairman 
 
 {OV ER) Commission on Training Camp Activities : 
 
f. u'wiJi, ^ViV.*' 
 
 K'ti. ,• "^^ .;.>■»:■* ZiSi J, 
 
 HOW THE LEISURE TIME SERVICE FOR THE- 
 WAR CAMPS IS DIVIDED AMD SUPERVISED 
 
 Prssid(?nt of the UnitGd States 
 
 T 
 
 X 
 
 WAf5 DEPARTMENT 
 
 MAYY DEPARTMEMT 
 
 WAR OEPARTMEliT AND MAVY DEPARTMEMT 
 
 c^nmssms on trainikg camp AcnvmES 
 
 LEISURE TIME ACTIVITIES 
 
 OUTSIDg THE CAMPS 
 
 lElSURE TIME ACTIVITIES 
 
 IHSIOE TN£ CAMPS 
 
 Chjcd of 
 
 i\\Q Present 
 
 Campaign 
 
 WAR CAriP 
 
 0V1hUHITr RECREATIOH 
 
 SERVICE 
 
 l/nc/sr Supervision 
 oft/re P/^y^round 
 
 sfid ^cre^tion ^ 
 -Assod^iion oFj^mencd 
 
 MMCA 
 
 ATHLETICS,SiN6m6, 
 TWEATRiCALS HTC, 
 under suprm'sion 
 C<V1MISSI0H REP- 
 RESEMTATiyES W 
 CAMP 
 
 Ke^C 
 
 CAMP UBRARiES 
 L'nDS CJWROL 
 AMERICAHLISRARY 
 
 Assoa«non 
 
IN GENERAL 
 
 ua93 
 
 IN April, 191 7, Secretary Baker appointed a Commis- 
 sion on Training Camp Activities imder the Chairman- 
 ship of Raymond B. Fosdick of New York. The mem- 
 bers, in addition to the Chairman, were Lee F. Hanmer 
 of New York, Thomas J. Howells of Pittsburgh, Marc 
 Klaw of New York, Joseph Lee of Boston, Malcolm L. 
 McBride of Cleveland, Dr. John R. Mott of New York, 
 Charles P. Neill of Washington, Lieut. Col. Palmer E. 
 
 Pierce, U.S.A., and Dr. Joseph E. Ray croft of Prince- 
 s- 
 ton University. Jasper J. Mayer is Secretary to the 
 
 Commission. To supply the normalities of life to nearly 
 a million and a half young men in training camps, and 
 to keep the environs of those camps clean and whole- 
 some, was the two-fold task outlined for the Commission. 
 When one considers that these men in camp have left 
 their families, homes and friends, their clubs, churches 
 and college gatherings, their dances, their town libra- 
 ries, athletic fields, theatres and movie houses — ^in fact, 
 all the normal social relationships to which they have 
 been accustomed — and have entered a strange new life 
 in which everything is necessarily subordinated to the 
 
 3 
 
need of creating an efficient fighting force, the impor- 
 tance of the Commission's work becomes apparent. An 
 army in fighting trim is a contented army; contentment 
 for the average man cannot be maintained without the 
 normal relations of life. 
 
 The task of this Commission, therefore, is to re-estab- 
 lish, as far as possible, the old social ties — to furnish 
 these young men a substitute for the recreational and 
 relaxational opportunities to which they have been ac- 
 customed — in brief, to rationalize, as far as it can be 
 done, the bewildering environment of a war camp. 
 It is also for the Commission to prevent and suppress 
 certain vicious conditions traditionally associated with 
 armies and training camps. 
 
 To a great extent the Commission has employed in 
 these two important activities the machinery of organ- 
 izations and agencies heretofore interested along such 
 lines. Except where necessary, it has not created any 
 new machinery. 
 
 To the Young Men's Christian Association and the 
 Knights of Columbus, for instance, the Commission 
 has looked to supply a large share of the club Hfe and 
 entertainment inside the training camps. To the Amer- 
 ican Library Association it has instinctively turned for an 
 
 4 
 
adequate supply of books and reading facilities for the 
 troops. To organize the social and recreational life of 
 the commimities adjacent to the training camps the 
 Commission enlisted the services of the Playground and 
 Recreation Association of America, which has placed 
 representatives in over one hundred such communities 
 and has harnessed the lodges, churches, clubs, and other 
 local groups and organizations with the men in the camps. 
 So, too, such agencies as the Travelers' Aid Society 
 and the Young Men's Christian Association have been 
 brought into play in connection with the community 
 problem. 
 
 Suppressive work in dealing with vicious conditions 
 is handled by direct representatives of the Commission, 
 with whom are co-operating such organizations as the 
 Committee of Fourteen of New York, the Watch and 
 Ward Society of New England, the Committee of Fif- 
 teen of Chicago, the Bureau of Social Hygiene of New 
 York, and the American Social Hygiene Association. 
 Local police organizations and sheriffs, as well as the 
 machinery of the Department of Justice and the Military 
 Provost Guards, have been utilized in this work. The 
 special problem arising from the presence of young girls 
 in the vicinity of the camps is handled by the Young 
 
 5 
 
Women's Christian Association and by a Committee 
 on Protective Work attached to the Commission. 
 
 Within the camps, in addition to the facilities already 
 mentioned, the Commission has appointed sports-direc- 
 tors, boxing instructors, song leaders, and dramatic enter- 
 tainment managers. Theatres are being erected in each 
 cantonment for the exhibition of regular dramatic per- 
 formances, and special facilities have been provided for 
 the production of moving pictures, vaudeville, and other 
 forms of amusement. Divisional exchange officers, 
 appointed by the Commission, one in each camp, are 
 superintending the operation of the regimental Post 
 Exchanges, or soldiers' co-operative stores. 
 
 This constitutes a brief resume of the machinery by 
 which the Commission is accomplishing its work. To 
 meet its expenses, Congress has made an appropri- 
 ation. The size of its task is evidenced by the fact that 
 its activities have to do with all classes of camps and 
 cantonments under the jurisdiction of the War Depart- 
 ment. Some of these camps contain as many as 50,000 
 men, and the problem of arranging and ordering their 
 leisure-time opportunities must be promptly and effec- 
 tively met. The following pages describe more in detail 
 what progress has been made along each particular line 
 up to October 15, when this pamphlet went to press. 
 
 6 
 
INSIDE THE CAMP 
 
 The Young Men s Christian Association 
 
 (Dr. John R. Mott in charge) 
 
 BECAUSE of its experience in army and navy work, 
 the Young Men's Christian Association, upon 
 recommendation by the Commission on Training 
 Camp Activities, was given official recognition as one of 
 the agencies for furnishing recreational facilities within 
 the camps. It works in close co-operation with the Com- 
 mission. All its entertainments are free of charge — 
 all absolutely non-sectarian. 
 
 From nine to fourteen recreational and social buildings 
 are being erected in each of the National Army canton- 
 ments, and in each of the National Guard Camps at 
 least six buildings. These include, in each National 
 Army cantonment, an auditorium seating three thousand. 
 Up to September 21st contracts for three hundred and 
 sixty-two buildings had been let. Almost all will be 
 completed by the time cantonment construction is done. 
 Over one himdred and fifty tents, 40 x 80 feet, and 
 four himdred special outfits or equipments for Associa- 
 
 7 
 
tion purposes also have been provided. Each outfit 
 includes, among other things, a piano, motion picture 
 machine, phonograph, office supplies, postcards, pens, 
 ink, pencils, stationery, reading matter, etc. — all free. 
 It is estimated that the service of the Yoimg Men's 
 Christian Association in American training camps in 
 the next nine months will cost eleven million dollars. 
 This money is furnished by private subscription. 
 
 3,000 Men Soon in Its Service 
 Already over two thousand war work secretaries are 
 in the field under appointment. Another thousand will 
 soon be added. These men include physical direc- 
 tors, educational directors, etc. It is the aim of the or- 
 ganization to supply every service for which there is a 
 demand. The Young Men's Christian Association 
 secretary has come to be the "big brother" of the troops. 
 
 The Entertainment Features 
 
 The program planned for Association buildings and 
 auditoriums within the camps includes motion pictures, 
 professional programs, and other forms of entertainment, 
 such as mass singing, amatein* dramatics, etc. The plan 
 for motion pictures involves the presentation of from 
 eight million to ten million feet of film a week. This 
 
 8 
 
service is provided at actual cost by the Commimity 
 Motion Picture Bureau. A weekly newspaper of eight 
 pages, "In Trench and Camp," is being published under 
 the general auspices of the Young Men's Christian 
 Association, for each of the thirty-two National Guard 
 and National Army camps. 
 
 The Association buildings are freely placed at the dis- 
 posal of army chaplains for religious services. The same 
 building is often used in turn for Catholic, Protestant, 
 and Jewish services. 
 
 The Knights of Columbus and Other 
 Organizations . 
 
 Just as the Young Men's Christian Association rep- 
 resents the Protestant denominations, which will con- 
 stitute roughly sixty per cent, of the new army, so the 
 Knights of Columbus represent the Catholic denomina- 
 tion, which will constitute perhaps thirty-five per cent. 
 of the army. While this latter society is a fraternal 
 organization, it will sustain exactly the same relation 
 to the camps as is sustained by the Young Men's Chris- 
 tian Association, and will hold no meetings to which all 
 
 9 
 
the troops in the camp are not invited, regardless of 
 religious or other preference. Indeed, the admission 
 of both these societies to military reservations was upon 
 the condition that they would not limit their activities 
 to a particular constituency, and that their buildings 
 would at all times and for all meetings be open to the en- 
 tire camp. The Young Men's Hebrew Association in 
 its recreational work has identified itself with the Young 
 Men's Christian Association. 
 
 Details of Their Facilities 
 
 There were in October 15, 1 9 1 7 , sixty-five Knights of 
 Columbus halls completed and in operation in the vari- 
 ous training camps. Fifty secretaries were at work, 
 and it is estimated that within a few weeks two hundred 
 and fifty representatives of the Knights of Columbus 
 will be ministering to the general welfare and comfort 
 of the soldiers in training camps. 
 
 Each Knights of Columbus hall is equipped v/ith read- 
 ing desks, benches, folding chairs, phonographs, player- 
 pianos, moving picture apparatus, athletic equipment, 
 and facilities for other entertainment. If there is a 
 demand, debating and literary societies will be or- 
 ganized. 
 
 10 
 
The American Library Association 
 
 The Commission asked the American Library Asso- 
 ciation to undertake the important task of furnishing 
 books, magazines and general Hbrary faciHties, as well 
 as trained librarians, to the men in the camps. A 
 special library building is planned for each National 
 Army camp and National Guard camp. Indeed, these 
 buildings are already in process of construction and 
 more than one million dollars has been raised by the 
 Association to carry on the work. 
 The aims of the American Library Association are : 
 
 First, that librarians and library facilities be available 
 for soldiers and sailors wherever assembled. 
 
 Second, that the libraries be maintained in such a way 
 that not only will reading matter be available for the 
 largest number of soldiers, but that every possible en- 
 couragement and stimulus will be given to reading by 
 the men in the service of the country. 
 
 The Knights of Columbus halls, the Young Men's 
 Christian Association buildings, the regimental Post Ex- 
 changes , as well as the barrack buildings , are used as distrib- 
 uting centers in the camps, the idea being to have a good 
 book within reach of the soldier whenever he wants one. 
 
 11 
 
Recreative Athletic Work 
 
 {Dr. Joseph E. Raycroft in charge) 
 
 A comprehensive organization is being developed in 
 each of the cantonments to encourage the largest possible 
 number of soldiers to participate regularly in some form of 
 athletics during their leisure time. Special stress is laid on 
 hard competitive sports that develop the fighting instinct. 
 
 The responsibility for the organization and conduct 
 of these recreative athletics in each camp is in the hands 
 of a skilled organizer and coach who is officially recog- 
 nized as a ci^/ilian aide on the staff of the Commanding 
 Officer. His salary is paid from Goveniment funds. 
 Thirty such sports-directors have been appointed by the 
 Commission and assigned to posts. The supervision 
 of this work in each camp involves the creation of a 
 Divisional Athletic Council, supplemented by regimental 
 cotmcils, and by such organization among the com- 
 panies as may be necessary. The sports-directors in the 
 National Army camps will be assisted by boxing in- 
 structors, fifteen of whom have already been appointed. 
 They will also co-operate with the representatives of the 
 Young Men's Christian Association and the Knights of 
 Columbus assigned to athletic work in the camps. 
 
 12 
 
Special Stress on Boxing 
 Special emphasis is laid on boxing, not only because 
 it is an excellent sport, but because of its intimate con- 
 nection with bayonet fighting. A committee under the 
 Commission has been appointed to advise on this matter, 
 consisting of James J. Corbett, Norman Selby (Kid 
 McCoy), Robert Edgren, Richard Melligan, and Mich- 
 ael Donovan. The boxing instructors in the camps will 
 train specially detailed groups of men who have had pre- 
 vious knowledge of this sport to become assistant in- 
 structors. Frequent boxing contests will be held. To 
 standardize instruction and to give the troops a better 
 idea of the work, a set of moving pictures has been made 
 to demonstrate the fundamental principles of boxing and 
 the elements of bayonet practice. 
 
 Equipment 
 
 Baseballs, bats, basket balls, soccer balls, boxing 
 gloves, etc., will be supplied each company in the camps. 
 The Government has made a small appropriation for the 
 purchase of this equipment. This appropriation amotmts 
 to only about one-tenth of the money that will be re- 
 quired, and supplementary funds, therefore, will be 
 necessary. The minimum athletic equipment planned 
 for each soldier in the army will cost seventy-five cents. 
 
 13 
 
The Post Exchange or Soldiers'' Co- 
 Operative Store 
 
 (Mr. Malcolm L. McBride in charge) 
 
 One of the most important activities within the camp, 
 which the War Department has asked the Commission 
 on Training Camp Activities to organize, is the Post 
 Exchange. There the soldier buys tobacco, handker- 
 chiefs, soap, candy, and other articles not provided by 
 the Government. At the sixteen National Army can- 
 tonments, which comprise eight or nine full regiments, 
 a Post Exchange for each regiment has been established. 
 In each camp there is a Division Exchange Officer, 
 selected by the Commission, who, under the direction 
 of the Commanding Officer, has general supervision over 
 all Post Exchanges. Any profits accumulatiug to the 
 Post Exchanges are expended in a way decided upon by 
 the votes of the men in the regiment. 
 
 National Army divisions will have eventually thirteen 
 to eighteen exchanges each, according to local conditions. 
 At present the divisions average ten exchanges each in 
 operation — some of them in temporary quarters. The 
 gross daily business of each division is now running about 
 $S,ooo, at a conservative estimate. 
 
 14 
 
Camp Music 
 
 (Mr. Lee F. Hanmer in charge) 
 
 In order to develop singing in the Array, the Commis- 
 sion has adopted the expedient of appointing song 
 leaders in the various camps and cantonments. The 
 plan is to extend this work until every camp in the United 
 States is suppHed with a competent leader. Appropri- 
 ations for this activity have been approved by Com- 
 gress. 
 
 The results have been extraordinary, and Command- 
 ing Officers are uniformly enthusiastic over the idea of 
 sending a singing army to France. As an illustration of 
 the effect of the work of the song leaders, the following 
 quotation is given from the letter of an officer : 
 
 * ' Between five and six thousand men participated in 
 the most inspiring evening I have ever enjoyed. When 
 everybody sang ' The Battle Hymn of the Republic ' and 
 Harry Barnhart got the soldiers emphasizing 'Gloryl 
 Glory! Hallelujah! His Truth is Marching on!' you 
 should have seen the faces glowing under the lights. 
 The camp became inspired. The men cheered and 
 cheered. Then the Southern hoys called for 'Carry 
 Me Back to Old Virginny' and 'My Old Kentucky 
 
 15 
 
Home.' Then we sang ^A Perfect Day' and 'My 
 Hero.' Then they called for 'Old Black Joe.' The 
 harmony was wonderful. Automobiles way out on 
 the road tooted their horns, and it was ten minutes he- 
 fore the enthusiasm subsided. We sang from eight 
 o'clock until ten o'clock, and ended with the 'Star 
 Spangled Banner.' I have never heard this song 
 SUNG before. The Commanding Officer came for- 
 ward after the singing and said it was the greatest 
 thing he had ever listened to." 
 
 To co-operate with the commission in this important 
 work the National Committee on Army and Navy Camp 
 Music was created. The chairman is W. K^rkpatrick 
 Brice of New York; the other members — M. Morgenthau, 
 Jr., of New York, John Alden Carpenter of Chicago 
 and Mrs. George Barrelle of Buffalo. Miss Frances F. 
 Brundage, Supervisor of the Chicago Civic Music 
 Association, was granted an indefinite leave of absence 
 to become executive secretary of the committee. 
 
 A committee of camp song leaders has compiled a 
 song book, which has been published under the title 
 Songs of the Soldiers and Sailors. This book has been 
 printed and is sold at cost through the Post Exchanges. 
 
 16 
 
Dramatic Kntertainment 
 
 {Mr. Marc Klaw in charge) 
 
 A fully equipped modem theatre building seating three 
 thousand people is being built in each of the sixteen 
 National Army camps. 
 
 A committee of theatrical managers and others, whose 
 chairman is Mr. Marc Klaw of Klaw & Erlanger, is 
 assisting in the organization of the talent for the program 
 to be given in these buildings, and in the booking and 
 management throughout the camps. Many of the fore- 
 most theatrical stars of the country are booked. These 
 entertainments are planned to begin early in November. 
 
 An admission charge of 15c, 20, and 25c, will be made. 
 From the proceeds the expenses of the entertainment 
 will be paid, the balance to remain as a government 
 fund to finance non-revenue-producing activities within 
 the camps. The plan is to make the admission fee such 
 as just to cover running expenses. A representative of 
 the Commission will be in charge of each of those audi- 
 toriums and will be responsible for the program. The 
 theatres are so planned that they can be used for various 
 recreational and educational activities at any time, 
 winter or simimer. 
 
 17 
 
General Committee Heads Assisting Marc Klaw 
 
 David Belasco George M. Cohan 
 
 A. L. Erlanger Irving Berlin 
 
 Lee Shubert John L. Golden 
 
 E. F. Albee A. H. Woods 
 
 Gatti-Casazza VY. L. Lillard 
 
 Sam Scribner Arthur Hopkins 
 
 Henry W. Savage Arch Sehvyn 
 
 Arthur Hammerstein F. Richard Anderson 
 
 Sam H. Harris Joseph Klaw 
 
 Club Affiliations 
 
 The Lambs, William Courtney 
 
 The Friars, George M. Cohan 
 
 The Players, John Drew 
 
 Actors' Equity, Francis Wilson 
 
 National Vaudeville Club, Willard Mack 
 
 General Distribution Tickets, etc. 
 Stage Women's War Relief 
 
 Admsory Committee 
 Otto Kahn, Chairman 
 
 George F. Baker Clarence H. Mackay 
 
 George Gordon Battle Thomas W. Lamont 
 
 James M. Beck Prof. Brander Matthews 
 
 August Belmont W. Forbes Morgan 
 
 Paul D. Cravath Frederic R. Coudert 
 
 William A. Delano Prof. H. Fairfield Osborn 
 
 Chas. Dana Gibson Chas. H. Sabin 
 
 Daniel Guggenheim Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler 
 
 Augustus D. Juillard Francis Lynde Stetson 
 
 Alvin W. Krech George W. Wickersham 
 
 18 
 
Redpath Entertainments 
 
 (Mr. Lee F. Hanmer in charge) 
 
 By arrangement with the Redpath Lyceum Bureau a 
 tent in each National Army and National Guard camp 
 has been erected and a first-class program of plays and 
 entertainments provided. They are being operated on 
 a cost basis. Accounts will be audited by the Com- 
 mission and any surplus receipts will be turned over to 
 the Post Exchanges. 
 
 Entertainment Concessions 
 
 In general no concessions to private amusement enter- 
 prises are permitted within the camps. In a few camps, 
 however, where on account of transit or other local con- 
 ditions access is not to be had to amusements in neigh- 
 boring cities, concessions have been approved by 
 the Commission for motion picture and vaudeville 
 entertainments to be conducted within privately erected 
 theatres within the camps. A percentage of the profits 
 of such entertainments go to the Post Exchange, and the 
 entertainments themselves are under the close super- 
 vision of the Commanding Officers. Only a few such 
 concessions to private enterprises have been granted. 
 
 19 
 
Educational Work 
 
 A committee on education, attached to the Commis- 
 sion, has been appointed, consisting of the following: 
 
 Dr. William Orr, Chairman; Dr. P. P. Claxton of the Bureau 
 of Education, Department of the Interior; Dr. Harry Pratt Jud- 
 SON, President of the University of Chicago; Dr. John H. Finley 
 of the University of New York; Col. P. H. Callahan of Louisville. 
 
 This committee has provided means for giving ade- 
 quate courses in the French language and in French 
 geography in all the cantonments and National Guard 
 training camps. These courses are entirely optional and 
 are given at such hours as military duties and regulations 
 permit. Under this plan any soldier can, during the 
 time of his training, readily acquire a vocabulary of six 
 or seven hundred French words, and a knowledge of 
 French geography and customs which will be of great 
 assistance to him abroad. In addition the committee 
 is planning to provide means for giving courses in any 
 subject for which there is a demand. Instruction in the 
 English language has been found necessary in connection 
 with some soldiers drafted from our foreign population. 
 
 The committee is utilizing in its work the machinery 
 not only of university extension courses but particularly 
 of the educational department of the Y. M. C. A. It is 
 prepared to utilize any educational machinery which can 
 readily be adapted to its piurpose. 
 
 20 
 
OUTSIDE THE CAMP 
 
 The Playground and Recreation 
 Association of America 
 
 {Mr. Joseph Lee in charge) 
 
 EXPERIENCE has shown that the instinctive de- 
 sire of a soldier with an hour of free time is to go 
 to town, even if the town is only a cross-roads. 
 To make the communities adjacent to the training camps 
 the best possible places for the soldiers in their free time — 
 to organize the social and recreational facihties of the 
 towns so that they shall meet every need and contribute 
 to the mental, moral, and physical health of the men 
 in the training camps — that is the work which the Play- 
 ground and Recreation Association of America is under- 
 taking under the direction of the Commission. 
 
 Working in a Hundred Communities 
 
 Nearly one htmdred commimities are being helped 
 in their efforts to prepare for the thousands of men in 
 camp near them. Eighty-seven representatives of the 
 
 21 
 
Playground and Recreation Association of America are 
 now at work in these cities. 
 
 The recreation provided must be clean, wholesome and 
 plentiful. It must be made possible for the troops to 
 meet the men and women of the town, so as to provide 
 an antidote for the homesickness, depression, and social 
 loneliness, which are so real a menace to the morale of 
 the men. The community organizers, representing the 
 Commission, are stirring the cities near the camps to a 
 realization of their responsibility toward the troops who 
 are their guests. The slogan is not "What can we make 
 out of the soldiers?" but, "What can we do for the sol- 
 diers?" 
 
 How THE Results Are Obtained 
 
 Each of the local community representatives, through 
 the organization of a central committee (with a number 
 of sub-committees) co-ordinates the activities of each 
 agency and group of people touching and controlling 
 in any way the recreational resources of the town. 
 Churches and fraternal orders are being stimulated to 
 entertain their own soldier membership. Socials and 
 dances are being arranged, where the troops may meet 
 the young women of the community. Entertainment of 
 
 22 
 
the soldiers in the homes of the citizens is one of the 
 most popular features of the hospitality program. "Take 
 a soldier home for dinner" has become a slogan. On 
 one Sunday in a single community five thousand men 
 were thus entertained. 
 
 The public resources of the cities, such as swimming 
 pools, shower baths and baseball fields, have been placed 
 at the disposal of the men. Provision is being made 
 for the comfort of the soldiers and their guests through 
 the installation of comfort stations and drinking foun- 
 tains, and through the listing of available hotels and 
 lodging houses. Rest rooms and "khaki clubs" are being 
 established; directories of points of interest and places 
 of amusement are being published. Automobile rides 
 for the soldiers, community "sings" and band concerts 
 are being given. In every way possible the cities' re- 
 sources are being made available for the troops in their 
 leisure time. 
 
 Assistance by the Young Women's Christian 
 Association — Hostess Houses 
 
 Much is done also to serve the soldiers' families who 
 visit the camps. The assistance of the Travelers' Aid 
 Society has been enlisted, and the Young Women's 
 
 23 
 
Christian Association has been asked to establish ** hos- 
 tess houses" within the confines of each camp. Five 
 of the "hostess houses" have already been completed, 
 and twenty-three more are being built. Their purpose 
 is to afford a place within the camp where a soldier can 
 meet his family and friends. 
 
 The girls of the community, through the Young 
 Women's Christian Association and other agencies, have 
 been organized into clubs and patriotic leagues, with the 
 object of keeping them occupied in hospital and patriotic 
 pursuits. 
 
 24 
 
THE CONTROL OF ALCOHOL 
 AND PROSTITUTION 
 
 THE problem of suppressing vice and the sale of 
 alcohol to soldiers at or near army camps, in 
 accordance with Sections 12 and 13 of the Mili- 
 tary Draft Law, is being attacked from many angles and 
 with varied agencies. 
 
 The first and prime requisite is the gathering of full 
 and accurate information as to actual conditions in 
 the neighborhood of the camps. The machinery for 
 gathering this information has included the field agents 
 of the Commission, the field men of the Department of 
 Justice, the Intelligence Department of the Army, the 
 local provost guards, as well as the staffs of such organ- 
 izations as the National American Social Hygiene Asso- 
 ciation, the Committee of Fourteen of New York, the 
 Committee of Fifteen of Chicago, the Watch and Ward 
 Society of New England, and the Bureau of Social Hy- 
 giene of New York. 
 
 The information thus received has been utilized by the 
 Commission, sometimes from Washington and some- 
 
 25 
 
times through the representatives in the field, to seciire 
 improvement in moral conditions where such improve- 
 ment was needed. 
 
 A direct representative of the Commission is now 
 located in the vicinity of every National Army and 
 National Guard Camp, and continuous investigations 
 are in progress. The work of these representatives is 
 checked by supervisors for given districts, who also con- 
 trol the work in the smaller specialized camps. 
 
 The Results Accomplished 
 
 As concrete examples of what has been accomplished 
 may be mentioned the closing of Red Light Districts in 
 the following cities: Deming, N. M., El Paso, Waco, 
 San Antonio, Fort Worth, and Houston, Texas; Hatties- 
 burg, Miss.; Spartanburg, S. C; Norfolk and Peters- 
 burg, Va. ; Jacksonville, Fla. ; Alexandria, La. ; Savannah, 
 Ga. ; Charleston, Columbia and Greenville, S. C. ; Doug- 
 las, Ariz.; Louisville, Ky. ; and Montgomery, Ala. New 
 Orleans has passed an ordinance which will wipe out its 
 Red Light District on or about November isth. Many 
 cities in which no Red Light Districts were formally 
 tolerated have, at the instance of the Commission, 
 abolished their open houses of prostitution. 
 
 26 
 
State Aid 
 
 In addition, the laws against vice have been strength- 
 ened in many cities at the suggestion of the Commis- 
 sion's representatives, and the machinery for the en- 
 forcement of those laws has been geared up to a higher 
 notch of efficiency. In California and Arkansas, State 
 Military Welfare Commissions have been appointed by 
 the Governors of those states, at the instigation of repre- 
 sentatives of this Commission, and executive secretaries 
 have been appointed to carry on the work of vice re- 
 pression. 
 
 Sex Hygiene Work 
 
 A wide educational campaign along lines of sex hy- 
 giene has been undertaken in all the camps, through the 
 agency of the American Social Hygiene Association and 
 the Young Men's Christian Association. Lectures, mov- 
 ing pictures, and exhibits of various kinds are utilized, 
 and an extensive literature has been developed. Educa- 
 tional work has also been undertaken in the adjacent 
 communities, and the widest possible use is made of 
 pamphlets and other literature to impress upon the 
 communities the policy of absolute repression which the 
 War Department has adopted. 
 
 27 
 
Committee on Protective Work for Girls 
 
 The problem created by the presence of young girls 
 in the neighborhood of training camps has proved so 
 great that a special committee under the Commission 
 has been formed to urge the appointment of women 
 protective officers in every community adjacent to a 
 military camp and to handle the many reformative ques- 
 tions associated with delinquency. This committee, 
 under the chairmanship of Miss Maude Miner of New 
 York, consists of Mrs. Martha P. Falconer of Philadel- 
 phia, Mrs. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., of New York, Mrs. 
 James Cushman of New York, and Mrs. William Dum- 
 mer of Chicago. A training school .for women protective 
 officers, under Miss Miner's direction, has been opened 
 in New York, and every effort is being made to supply 
 the rapidly growing demand for trained workers of this 
 kind 
 
 28 
 
'T^HE Navy Department Commission on 
 Training Camp Activities is distinct from 
 the War Department Commission and covers a 
 different field of work. It was appointed by 
 Secretary Daniels in July, 1917, and consists of 
 the following : 
 
 Raymond B. Fosdick, Chairman 
 Lieut. Richard E. Byrd, U.S.N., Secretary 
 
 Clifford W. Barnes Barton Myers 
 
 Walter Camp Charles P. Neill 
 
 Selah Chamberlain Mrs. Helen Ring Robinson 
 
 John J. Eagan Mrs. Finley Shepard 
 
 Joseph Lee Mrs. Daisy McLaurin Stevens 
 
 E. T. Meredith John S. Tichenor 
 
 A pamphlet descriptive of its activities will 
 shortly be published. 
 
 29 
 
Additional copies of this booklet can 
 be obtained upon application to the 
 Commission on Training Camp 
 Activities, Room 149, Old Land OfHce 
 Building, Washington, D. C. 
 
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