A SHORT 
 
 TR EATI S E 
 
 On the GAME of 
 
 WHIST
 
 A SHORT 
 
 T R EATIS E 
 
 On the GAME of 
 
 WHIST. 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 The LAW S of the GAM E : 
 
 AND ALSO 
 
 Some RULES, whereby a Beginner may, 
 
 with due Attention to them, attain to 
 
 the Playing it well. 
 
 CALCULATIONS for thofe who will Bet the 
 
 Odds on any Point of the Score of the 
 
 Game then playing and depending. 
 
 CASES Hated, to fhew what may be effefted 
 
 by a very good Player in Critical Parts 
 
 of the Game. 
 
 REFERENCES to CASES, viz. at the End of 
 the Rule you are directed how to find them. 
 
 CALCULATIONS, directing with moral Certainty, 
 
 how to play well any Hand or Game, by fhewing ' 
 
 the Chances of your Partner's having 
 
 I, 2, or 3 Certain Cards. 
 
 With Variety of Cafes added in the Appendix. 
 By a GENTLEMAN. 
 
 BATH printed, and LONDON reprinted 
 
 For W. WEBSTER, near St. /Ws, and fold by all the 
 
 Bookfellcrs and Pamphlet Shops in Town and Country. 
 
 MDCCXLIII.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 fome People in particular may be 
 anxious to know, and the Publick in 
 general may be glad to be informed, by what 
 Means the following Treatife came to be 
 ujhered into the World in this Manner, we 
 think they cannot be better fa tisjied on this 
 Head, than by making publick the follow- 
 ing Letter from a Gentleman at Bath to a 
 Friend of his* and hope they will not take it 
 amifs if the Gentleman's Name is conceal V, 
 fince we are not at Liberty to publifh it. 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 < T N a n Age where the Ignorant and 
 
 * *- the Unwary, as well as the plain 
 4 downright honeft Man ofSenfe, are fb ex- 
 ' pofed to the Tricks of Sharpers of all De- 
 
 * nominations, from the Counter up to the 
 
 * mo ft f acred and re/petfable Offices and In- 
 
 < ftitutions, I thought it would be doing no 
 
 * incon/iderable Service to many of my 
 
 * Countrymen, if I contributed a little to 
 e put them upon their Guard and preferve 
 ' their Purfes, while they are indulging 
 
 * themfehes in what is elegantly called Kil- 
 
 * ling Time. It were indeed to be wijhed 
 
 * that lefs Time was killed in the Manner 
 
 * which has put me upon this Under taking, 
 
 * but as the Itch of Gaming is likely topre- 
 
 * vail 
 
 20OC763
 
 vail as long as ive prefer any 'Thing of 
 
 what is now-a-days called polite Taftej 
 
 and as it feems to be an almojl nece/ary 
 
 Evil, which keeps People of a certain Dif- 
 
 pofitlon from employing their Time worfe, 
 
 ft I hope IJhall defer the 1 hanks of a 
 
 'great many, for baviug been inftrumental 
 
 <in refcuing them from the Snares which 
 
 they dre but too frequently caught in, by 
 
 being over match' d in thefejorts of Amu) e- 
 
 / myfelf, as you very 'well know, am 
 one of thofe unfortunate Beings, that being 
 poffe/ed of a pretty handfome Fortune, 
 
 < and having a great deal of idle Time up- 
 
 < on their Hands, conjiantly fpend a little 
 Portion of it in Gaming. The Game of 
 
 < Whift is that which I take mojt Delight 
 ' in and till of late fancied mtfelf all along 
 
 < a pretty good Majler of it. But, to my 
 ' Vexation, it is not longfrice I loft a con- 
 
 < tider able Sum of Money one Night at it 
 
 < and yet I could not perceive that the Cards 
 run extraordinary crofs againft me-, Jo 
 that I could not but conclude 1 was beat 
 
 fa fuperior Skill This put me upon en- 
 
 * quiring into the Caufe, for I was very far 
 
 < from imputing my Misfortune to unfair 
 <Play, and at laft I found that there was 
 c aTreatife on the Game of Whift lately 
 
 < difper fed among a few Hands at a Gui- 
 nea Price. How to come at one of theje 
 
 < Books I knew not - 9 but at length I wrote
 
 r 7 ; 
 
 * to an Acquaintance of mine in London 
 1 to pure hafe it for me by all Means, which 
 
 * he accordingly did, with no fmall Diffi- 
 ' cutty. As foon as I had perufed it, I 
 
 * found I had heretofore been but a Bun- 
 c gler at this Game, and being thoroughly 
 ' Jenfible of the Advantage which thoje 
 
 * that are fojjeffed of this Book have over 
 
 * the innocent Player, I thought I could not 
 
 * oblige my Friends better than by print ing 
 a few of them to make prefents of. Ac- 
 ' cordingly I applied to a Stationer, who 
 c offered to make me a Prefent of half a 
 ' Hundred of them, provided I would al- 
 ' low him to print a Jew more for bis own 
 c Ufe. 'This I readily complied with, e/pe- 
 
 * dally in Conjideration of the Imposition 
 
 * and Hardjhip the Publick lay under ;firjl 
 
 * by not being able to get the j aid Book un- 
 c der a Guinea, and then by its being re- 
 
 * ferved only in a few Hands, that might 
 
 * make a bad Ufe of it : For tho* a Man of 
 'fuperior Skill in thefe Amufements, that 
 
 * takes an Advantage of an ignorant Play- 
 er t cannot, according to the common Ac- 
 c ceptation of the Word, be deemed a Shar- 
 c per, yet, when he purfues that Ad- 
 
 * vantage, after he has found cut the 
 ' Weakntfi of his Antagonift, it mufl be 
 
 * confe/ed that if he is not a Sharper, he 
 ( is at leaft very near a-kin to one, 
 
 * Ihus much 1 have ttought ft to ac~ 
 ' quaint you with, in regard to my Conduct
 
 in this Affair, which I hope will receive 
 the Commendations of every hone ft well- 
 ' meaning Man and fair Gamefter, and 
 
 yours in particular, which js thegreatefl 
 
 * Ambition of 
 
 ' Tourfncere Friend, and 
 
 humble Servant. 
 
 THE
 
 THE 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 CALCULATIO ^s^ 
 
 mcrdl Certainty how to flay 
 well) any Hand or Game, by 
 Jhewing the Chances of your 
 partners having i, 2, or 3 cer- 
 tain Cards, p. 2 
 Some Computations for laying of 
 your Money at the Game of 
 WHIST. p. 4 
 T*Laws0/^Gtf/m^Whiftp. 7 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 Some Genera] Rules to be obferifd 
 by Beginners. p. 1 1 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 Some Particular Rules to be ob* 
 Jerked. p. 23 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 Particular Games, and the manner 
 iu which they are to be flayed, 
 
 after
 
 The Contents. 
 
 cjter a "Learner has made feme 
 Trogrefs in the Game. p. 25 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Games to le flayed with certain 
 Obfervations, whereby you are 
 afiured that your "Partner has 
 no more of the Suit ployed ei- 
 ther ly yourself or him, p. 3 3 
 CH^P- V. 
 
 Particular Games both to endea- 
 vour to deceive anddiflrelsyonr 
 Adversaries, aud to demon- 
 fir ate your dame to your "part- 
 ner, p. 3$. 
 CHAP. VI. ^ 
 
 ^Particular Games to le flayed^ 
 
 ly which you run the Risk of 
 
 loo fug one Trick cnly^ to gain 
 
 three. p. 3)6 
 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 particular Games to le flayed 
 when your Adyerfary turns up 
 an Hononr en your right Hand, 
 with Direftipns how to flay 
 when an Honour is turned up 
 /eft Hand p. 42
 
 The Contents. 
 CHAP. VIII. 
 
 A CASE to demonstrate the Dan- 
 ger of forcing your Tartner. 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 Containing Variety of CASES, in- 
 * termixed with Calculation?,^ 
 motiftrating when it is proper, 
 at fecond Hand* to put np the 
 King, Sjueen, Knave or Ten, 
 with cne jmall Card of any 
 Suit, &c. p. 4^ 
 
 CHAP. X. 
 
 Some Direftions for putting up at 
 fecond Hand, King, >ueen,, 
 Kiave or Ten, of any Suit, &a 
 
 CHAP XL 
 
 Seme Directions how to play when 
 an Ace, King, or Queen are 
 turned up on your Right-hand 
 &c, p. 57' 
 
 CHAP XII. 
 
 The Ten or Nine being tuyn'd up 
 on your Right-hand, &c. p. 63
 
 The Contents: 
 CHAP XIII. 
 
 A Caution not to fart with the 
 Command of your Adversaries 
 great Suit, &c. p. 67 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Some Tur chafers of the Treatife 
 in Manuscript) difpofed of th& 
 laft Winter i having deftrcd a 
 further Explanation concerning 
 the playing of Sequences^ they 
 are explained in the following 
 manner p. 74,
 
 A SHORT 
 
 ;; TREATISE 
 
 o N 
 
 fk Game 0/Whift. 
 
 *HE Author of thisTrea- 
 tife did promife, if It 
 T^VV**, met with Approbation, 
 tTmake an Addition to it by 
 way of APPENDIX, which he 
 has done accordingly. 
 
 He has alfo fram'd an Arti$- 
 ctal Memory, which take^ not 
 off your Attention from your 
 Game 5 and if required, he is 
 ready to communicate it, upon 
 Payment of One Guinea. 
 B
 
 C * ] 
 
 And alfo, He will explain 
 any Cafes in the Book, upon Pay- 
 ment of One Guinea more. 
 
 It is neceflary to premife, that 
 thofe, who intend to read this 
 Treatife, are defired to perufe 
 th@ following Calculations ; and 
 they need only charge their Me- 
 mories with thofe that are mark'd 
 with a NB. upon which the 
 whole Reafoning of this Treatife 
 depends. 
 
 CALCULATIONS, 
 
 Directing with moral Certainty, 
 how to play any Hand or Game, {hew- 
 ing the Chances of your Partners ha- 
 ving i, 2, or 3 certain Cards. 
 
 I. I woud know what is the 
 Chance of his having i certain 
 Card ?
 
 C 3 ] 
 
 Anpwer. 
 
 That he has it not is NB 2 to i . 
 
 II. I would know what are 
 the Chances of his having a cer- 
 tain Cards ? 
 
 Anfaer. 
 
 againft for 
 
 him. him. 
 
 That he has One of? m z6 
 
 them only, is - - I $ 
 
 Thathehasnotboth? to 2 
 
 of them - - - - - ^ 
 
 But that he has i or? NB 2 - to - a 
 both is about 5 to 4, or$ 
 
 III. I would alfo know, what 
 are the Chances of his having 3 
 certain Cards ? 
 
 Anfwer. 
 
 That he holds i of ^ for .pinft 
 them only, is 325 for ) h "; 
 him, to 378 againfl> 6 to 7 
 him, or about - - - j 
 
 That he has not 2 of^ 
 them only, is 156 for/ , 
 
 him, 10547 againft himr 
 or about - - - - J 
 
 That be has not all 3 % 
 of them, is 22 for him/ 
 to 68 1 againft him or r 
 about ------ 3 
 
 B2 But
 
 C 4 ] 
 
 But that he has i or 
 2 of them is 481 for| 
 him to 222 againft| 
 him, or about - - - 
 
 And that he has 1, 2 ' 
 or all three of them is] 
 about N. B> 
 
 13 to 6 
 
 5 to 2 
 
 w^-*r \*W^*r{VTtriS*w*w* ^y^^v^-^^mx^n^^^V^y r 
 
 &; Computations for the Lay- 
 ing oj your Money at the 
 
 Game of Whift. 
 
 
 
 With the 
 
 Deal. 
 
 
 The Deal 
 
 is 21 
 
 tO 20 
 
 i Love 
 
 II 
 
 to 10 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 to 4 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 - 7 
 
 - 4 
 
 5 is 2 to i of the Game 
 
 
 _ T 
 
 I of the Lurch 
 
 j 
 
 * A 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 I : -V 
 
 - 7 
 
 B 
 
 2 
 
 --- T 
 
 9 is about 
 
 - 9 
 
 
 
 With
 
 [ 5 3 
 
 With the Deal. 
 
 is 9 to 8 
 
 9 to 7 
 
 to 6 
 
 to c 
 
 is about 
 
 - 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 9 to 
 
 3 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 to i 
 
 tO 2 
 tO I 
 
 With the Deal 
 
 is 8 
 
 to 
 to 
 to 
 to 
 to 
 to 
 to 
 
 With the Deal. 
 
 is 7 to 6 
 
 5 to 3 
 
 6 to 3 - 
 
 7 to 3 
 
 8 to 3 
 
 9 to 3 is about 
 
 7 to 
 7 to 
 7 to 
 7 to 
 
 3 to 
 
 With
 
 C 6 ] 
 
 With the Deal 
 
 6 to 4 
 7104 
 
 8 104 
 
 9 to 4 is about 
 
 With the Deal. 
 
 6 to 5 - is 5 to 4 
 
 7 to 5 5 to 3 
 
 8 to 5 - - -5 to 2 
 
 9 to 5 is about - 2 to i 
 
 With the Deal. 
 
 is 4 to 3 
 
 2 tO I 
 
 - 7 to 4 
 
 With the Deal. 
 
 8 to 7 is above - 3 to t 
 
 9 to 7 is about 12 to 8 
 
 8 to 9, upon the beft Computa- 
 tion made at P relent, is about 
 three and half in the Hundred, 
 
 in
 
 C 7 3 
 
 in Favour of eight with the 
 Deal; againft the Deal, the 
 Odds is ftill, tho' fmall, in Fa- 
 vour of eight. 
 
 The Laws of the Game 
 of WHIST. 
 
 i. TF any Perfon plays out of 
 JL his Turn, it is in the Op- 
 tion of the adverfe Parties ei- 
 ther to call the Card then played 
 at any in that Deal (in cafe he 
 does not make him revoke) or 
 the Perfon who is to lead, may 
 demand his Partner to name 
 the Suit which he would have 
 him play from. 
 
 $. No Revoke to be claim'd, 
 till the Trick is turned, or the 
 Party who revoked, or his 
 Partner, have played again. 
 
 3- If
 
 C 8 ] 
 
 3. If a Revoke happens to be 
 made, the adverfe Party may 
 take down three Points from 
 the Scores, or add three Points 
 to his own Score, or take three 
 of his Adverfary's Tricks; the 
 Revoke takes place of any other 
 Score of the Game. 
 
 4. A and B are 9 Love, the 
 next Deal they win 1 3 Tricks 
 with four Honours, A revokes ; 
 $uery 9 What is the Penalty? 
 
 A and B are to fcore ten 
 Points, and the Adverfaries are 
 to take down three Points from 
 the Score, and A and B to re- 
 main 7 only. 
 
 5. If any calls at any Point 
 of the Game, except 8, the ad- 
 verfe Party may call a new 
 Deal, 
 
 6. After the Trump Card is 
 feen, no Body ought to remind 
 his Partner to call. 
 
 7. If the Trump Card is feen, 
 no Honours in the preceeding 
 
 Deal
 
 C 9 ] 
 
 Deal can be fet up, unlefs they 
 were claimed. 
 
 8. If any Perfon feparates a 
 Card from the reft, either of 
 the adverfe Parties may call it, 
 provided he names it, and proves 
 the Separation. 
 
 9. Each Perfbn ought to lay 
 his Card before him after he has 
 done fo, if either of the adverfe 
 Parties mix their Card with his, 
 his Partner is intitled to demand 
 each Perfbn to lay his Card be- 
 fore him. 
 
 10. No Perfon ought to de- 
 mand what is the Trump Card 
 after he has played, becaufe it 
 puts it in the Power of his Part* 
 ner, (if he thinks fitj to name 
 the wrong Card. 
 
 11. If any Perfon revokes, 
 and before the Cards are turned, 
 .difcovers it, the adverfe Party 
 may call either the Higheft or 
 Lowed of the Suit led, 
 
 C I 2, If
 
 C w ] 
 
 12. If a Card in dealing is 
 turn'd up, it is in the Option of 
 the adverfe Party to call a new 
 Deal, unlefs they have been the 
 Caufe of turning up fuch Card. 
 
 1 3. If the Ace, or any other 
 Card of any Suit is led, and that 
 it fliould fo happen that the laft 
 Player plays out of his turn, 
 whether his Partner has any of 
 the Suit led or not (provided 
 you do not make him revoke^) 
 he is neither intitled to trump it, 
 nor win that Trick. 
 
 14. If a Card is faced in the 
 Pack, they mu ft deal again, ex- 
 cept it is the laft Card. 
 
 CHAP.
 
 C " 
 
 CHAP. L 
 
 Some general Rules to be 
 obfertfd by Beginners. 
 
 i. 
 
 WHEN you lead, begin 
 with the beft Suit in 
 your Hand; if you have a Se- 
 quence of King, Queen and 
 Knave, or Queen, Knave and 
 Ten, they are fure Leads, and 
 never fail gaining the Tenace 
 to yourfelf or Partner in other 
 Suits ; and begin with the high- 
 eft of the Sequence, unlefs you 
 have five in Number, in that 
 cafe play the loweft (except in 
 Trumps, when you muft always 
 play the higheftj in order to get 
 the Ace or King out of your 
 Partners, or Adverfary's Hands, 
 by which Means you make 
 Room for your Suit. 
 
 C 3 If
 
 II. 
 
 If you have five of the fmalleft 
 Trumps, and not one good Card 
 in the other Suits, trump out, 
 which will have this good Con- 
 fequence at leaft, to make your 
 Partner the laft Player, and by 
 that Means gives him the Te- 
 
 tiace. 
 
 ill. 
 
 If you have two fmall Trumps 
 only, with Ace and King of 
 two other Suits, and a Defi- 
 ciency of the fourth Suit, make 
 as many Tricks as you can im- 
 mediately ; and if your Partner 
 refutes either of your Suits., do 
 not force him, becaufe that may 
 weaken his Game too much. 
 
 IV. 
 
 You need feldom return your 
 Partners Lead., if you have good 
 Suits of your own to play, un- 
 lefs it be to endeavour to fave 
 or win a Game: What is meant 
 
 by
 
 t 3 3 
 
 by good Suits is, in Cafe you 
 fliould have Sequences of King, 
 Queen and Knave, or Queen, 
 Knave and Ten. 
 v. 
 
 If you have each five Tricks, 
 and you are aflured of getting 
 two Tricks in your own Hand, 
 do not fail winning them, in ex- 
 pedtation of fcoring 2 that Deal, 
 becaufe^ if you lofe the odd 
 Trick, it makes 2 difference, and 
 you play 2 to 2 againft yourfelf. 
 
 An Exception to the forego- 
 ing Rule is, when you fee a 
 Probability either of faving your 
 Lurch or winning the Game, in 
 either of which Cafes you are to 
 risk the odd Trick. 
 VL 
 
 When you have a Probability 
 f winning the Game, always 
 risk a Trick or two, becaufe the 
 Share of the Stake, which your 
 Adverfary has by a new Deal 
 will amount to more than the 
 
 Point
 
 t 4 3 
 
 Point or two which you risk by 
 that Deal 
 
 The foregoing Cafe refers to 
 Chap. VI. Cafe i, 2,3,4,5,6. 
 
 VII. 
 
 If your Adverfary is 6 or 7 
 Love, and you are to lead, your 
 Bufinefs in that Cafe is to risk a 
 Trick or two, in hopes of putt- 
 ing your Game upon an Equa- 
 lity; therefore, admitting you 
 have the Queen or Knave, and 
 I other Trump, and no good 
 Cards in other Suits, play 
 out your Queen or Knave of 
 Trumps, by which means you 
 wilUftrengthen your Partner's 
 Game, if he is ftrong in Trumps; 
 if he is weak, yoij do him no 
 Injury. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 If you are four of the Game 
 you muft play for an odd Trick, 
 becaufe it faves one half of the 
 Stake which you play for ; and, 
 
 in
 
 [ '5 3 
 
 in order to win the odd Trick, 
 tho' you are pretty ftrong in 
 Trumps, be cautious how you 
 trump out. What is meant by 
 Strength in Trumps, is, in cafe 
 you fhould have i Honour and 
 3 Trumps. 
 
 IX. 
 
 If you are 9 of the Game, and 
 tho' very ftrong in Trumps, if 
 you obferve your Partner to 
 have a Chance of trumping any 
 of your Adverfary's Suits, in 
 that Cafe do not trump out, but 
 give him an Opportunity of 
 trumping thofe Suits. If your 
 Game is fcored i, 2, or 3, you 
 muft play the Reverfe; and 
 at 5, 6, or 7, becaufe in thefe 
 two laft recited Cafes you play 
 for more than i Point. 
 
 x. 
 
 If you are laft Player, and 
 find that the third Hand cannot 
 put up a good Card to his Part- 
 ner's
 
 i6 3 
 
 ner's Lead, admitting you have 
 no good Game of your own to 
 play, return the Lead upon the 
 Adverfas^f^hich gives your 
 Partner the Tenace in that Suit, 
 and often obliges the Adverfary 
 to change Suits, and confequent- 
 ly gains the Tenace in that new 
 Suit alfo. 
 
 XI. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, and 
 four fmall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, becaufe it is an 
 equal Wager that your Partner 
 has a better Trump than the laft 
 Player; if fo, you have three 
 Rounds of Trumps : if not, you 
 cannot fetch out all the Trumps. 
 
 xn. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, Knave, 
 and three fmall Trumps, begin 
 with the King, and then play 
 the Ace (except one of the Ad- 
 verfary's refufe Trumps) becaufe 
 the Odds is in your Favour that 
 the Queen falls. If
 
 C '7 ] 
 
 XIII. 
 
 If you have King, Queen, and 
 four fmall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, becaufe the Odds 
 is of your Side that your Part* 
 ner has an Honour. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 If you have King, Queen, 
 Ten, and three fmall Trumps, 
 begin with the King, becaufe 
 you have a fair Chance that the 
 Knave falls in the fecond Round- 
 er you may wait to finefs youj: 
 Ten upon the Return of Trumps 
 from your Partner. 
 
 Refers to Chap. VII. Cafe i, 
 
 2, 3- 
 
 XV, 
 
 If you have Queen., Knave, 
 and four fmall Trumps, begin 
 with a fmall one, becaufe the 
 Odds in your favour that your 
 
 Partner has an Honour, 
 xvi. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 
 Nine, and three fmall Trumps, 
 
 begin with the Queen, becaufe 
 
 D you
 
 C i 3 
 
 you have a fair Chance that the 
 Ten falls in the fecond Round ; 
 or you may wait to finefs the 
 Nine. 
 
 Refers to Chap. VII. Cafe i, 
 
 2, 3- 
 
 XVII. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten, and 
 four fraall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, for the Reafons 
 affisn'd in N 1 5. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten, 
 Eight, and three fmall Trumps, 
 begin with the Knave, in order 
 to prevent the Nine from mak- 
 ing a Trick, and the Odds is in 
 your favour that the three Ho- 
 nours fall in two Rounds. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 If you have -fix Trumps of a 
 lower Denomination, you are to 
 begin with the loweft, unlefs 
 you fliould have Ten, Nine, and 
 Eight, and an Honour turns up 
 againftyou; in that Cafe, if you 
 are to play thro' the Honour, 
 
 begin
 
 C 19 3 
 
 begin with the Ten, which obli- 
 ges the Adverfary to play his 
 Honour to his Diladvantage, or 
 leaves it in your Partner's Op- 
 tion whether he will pafs it or 
 
 not. 
 
 xx. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, and 
 three fmall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, for the Reafbns 
 afligned in N 1 5. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, Knave, 
 and two fmall Trumps, begin 
 with the King, which, next to 
 a moral Certain ty,fhews to your 
 Partner that you have Ace and 
 Knave remaining; and by putting 
 the Lead into your Partner's 
 Hand, he plays you a Trump, 
 upon which you are to fineft tne 
 Knave, and no ill Confequence 
 can attend fuch Play, except the 
 Queen lies behind you fingle. 
 
 Refers to Chap. VII. Cafe i, 
 
 ! ' 3 ' D. ,f
 
 1 xx'S. ] 
 
 If you have King, Queen, and 
 three fmall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, for Reafons afligned 
 inNi5. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 If you have King, Queen, Ten 
 d two finall Trumps, begin 
 
 With the King, for the Reafons 
 
 afligned in N 9 21. 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 and three fmall Trumps, begin 
 with a fmall one, for the Rea- 
 fons afligned in N 1 5. 
 
 XXV. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 Nine, and two fmall Trumps, 
 begin with the Queen, for the 
 Reafons afligned in N 16* 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten, and 
 three /mall Trumps, be^in with 
 a fnylll one, for the Reafons afc 
 figned in N r5- 
 
 XXVII. 
 
 / If you have Knave, Ten, 
 Eight, and two fmall Trujnps, 
 
 begin
 
 C 3 
 
 begin with the Knave, becaufe 
 in two Rounds of Trumps it is 
 Odds but that the Nine falls; or 
 upon the Return of Trumps 
 from your Partner ; you may fi- 
 nefs the Eight. 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 If you have five Trumps of a 
 lower Denomination, it is the 
 beft Play to begin with the low- 
 eft, unlefs you have a Sequence 
 of Ten, Nine, and Eight; in 
 that Cafe, begin with tne high- 
 eft of the Sequence. 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, and 
 two fmall Trumps, begin with 
 a fmall one, for the Reafbns 
 affigned in N 1 5. 
 
 XXX. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, 
 Knave, and one fmall Trump, 
 begin with the King, for the 
 Reafbns affigned in N 21. 
 
 XXXI. 
 
 If you have King, Qyeen, and 
 two fmall Trumps, begin with 
 
 a fnaall
 
 C 3 
 
 a fmall one, for the Reafbns af- 
 fignedin N 15. 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 If you have King, Queen, 
 Ten, and one fmall Trump, be- 
 gin with the King, and wait for 
 Return of Trumps from your 
 Partner, when you are to finefs 
 your Ten, in order to win the 
 Knave. 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 Nine, and one fmall Trump, be- 
 gin with the Queen, in order to 
 prevent the Ten from making a 
 
 Trick. 
 
 xxxiv. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten, 
 and two fmall Trumps, begin 
 with a fmall One, for the Rea- 
 fons aifign'd in No. 15. 
 xxxv. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten* 
 Eight, and one fmall Trump, 
 begin with the Knave, in order 
 to prevent the Nine from mak- 
 ing a Trick. 
 
 If
 
 C *3 1 
 
 XXXVI. 
 
 If you have Ten, Nine, Eight 
 and i fmall Trump, begin with 
 the Ten, which leaves it in your 
 Partners Difcretion, whether he 
 will pafs it or not. 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 If you have Ten and three 
 fmall Trumps, begin with a 
 fmall one. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 Some PARTICULAR RULES 
 
 to be olferved. 
 I. 
 
 IF you have Ace, King, and 
 four fmall Trumps, with a 
 good Suit, you muft play three 
 Rounds of Trumps, otherwife 
 you may have your ftrong Suit 
 trumped. 
 
 II. 
 
 If you have King, Queen, and 
 four Imall Trumps, with a good 
 Suit, trump out with the King, 
 becaufe when you have the Lead 
 
 again;
 
 C =4 ] 
 
 again, you will have 3 Rounds 
 
 of Trumps. 
 
 in. 
 
 If you have King Queen, Ten 
 and three fmall Trumps, with a 
 good Suit, trump out with the 
 King, in expectation of the 
 Knave's falling at the fecontf 
 Round ; and do not wait to fi- 
 nds the Ten, for fear your ftrong 
 Suit fhould be trumped. 
 
 IV. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 and three fmall Trumps, with a 
 good Suit, trump out with a 
 
 fmall one. 
 
 v. 
 
 If you have Queen, Knave, 
 Nine, and two fmall Trumps, 
 with a good Suit, trump out 
 with the Queen, in expedtation 
 of the Ten's falling at the fecond 
 Round; and do not wait to fi- 
 nefs the Nine, but trump out a 
 fecond time, for the Reafbns afc 
 figned in Cafe III. in this Chap- 
 ter, 
 
 If
 
 C * 1 
 
 VI. 
 
 If you have Knave, Ten, and 
 three fmall Trumps, with a good 
 Suit, trump out with a fmall 
 
 one. 
 
 vn, 
 
 If you have Knave /Ten, Eight, 
 and two fmall Trumps, with a 
 good Suit, trump out with the 
 Knave, in expeftation of the 
 Nine's falling at the fecond 
 Round. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 If you have Ten, Nine, Eight, 
 and one fmall Trump, with a 
 good Suit, trump out with the 
 Ten. 
 
 E CHAP.
 
 CHAP. III. 
 PARTICULAR GAMES, and 
 
 tie Manner m which they 
 are to be played, after 
 a Learner has made jome 
 frogrejs in the Game. 
 I. 
 
 SUPPOSE you are Elder 
 Hand, and that your Game 
 confifts of Ring, Queen, and 
 Knave of one Suit, Ace, King, 
 Queen, and two fmall Cards, 
 of another Suit, King and Queen 
 of the third Suit, and three 
 fmall Trumps. $uery 9 How 
 is this Hand to be played ? 
 You are to begin with the Ace 
 of your beft Suit (or a Trumpj 
 which informs your Partner that 
 you have the Command of that 
 Suit ; but you are not to proceed 
 with the King of the fame Suit, 
 but you muft play a Trump next; 
 and if you find your Partner has 
 
 no
 
 C *7 3 
 
 no ftrength to fupport you in 
 Trumps, and that your Adver^ 
 iary plays to your weak Suit, viz. 
 the King and Queen only, in that 
 Cafe play the King of the Suit 
 which belongs to the beft Suit ; 
 and if you obferve a Probability 
 of either of your Adverlaries be- 
 ing likely to trump that Suit, 
 proceed then and play the King 
 of the Suit, of which you have 
 King, Queen and Knave: If it 
 fliould fo happen, that your Ad- 
 verfaries do not play to your 
 weakeft Suit, in that Cafe, tho* 
 apparently your Partner can 
 give you no Afliftance in 
 Trumps, purfue your Scheme of 
 trumping out as often as the 
 Lead comes into your Hand, by 
 which means, fuppofing your 
 Partner to have but two Trumps, 
 and that your Adverfaries have 
 four each, by three Rounds of 
 Trumps, there remains only two 
 Trumps againft you. 
 
 E 2 II;
 
 t 3* ] 
 
 II. 
 Elder Hand. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, 
 Queen, and one fmall Trump, 
 With a Sequence from the King 
 of five in another Suit, with four 
 other Cards of no Value. Begin 
 with the Queen of Trumps, and 
 purfue the Lead with the Ace, 
 which demonftrates to your Part- 
 ner that you have the King ; 
 And as it would be bad Play 
 to purfue Trumps the third 
 Round, 'till you have firft gain'd 
 the Command of your great Suit, 
 by flopping thus, it like wife in- 
 forms your Partner that you have 
 the King and one Trump only 
 remaining, becaufe, if you had 
 Ace, King, Queen, and two 
 Trumps more, and Trumps went 
 round twice, you could receive 
 no Damage by playing the King 
 the third Round. When you 
 lead your Sequence, begin with 
 
 the
 
 C =9 3 
 
 the loweft, becaufe if your Part- 
 ner has the Ace, he plays it> 
 which makes room for your 
 Suit. And fince you have let 
 your Partner into the State of 
 your Game, as foon as he has the 
 Lead, if he has a Trump or two 
 remaining, he will play Trumps 
 to you, with a moral Certainty 
 that your King clears your Ad- 
 verfaries Hands of all their 
 Trumps* 
 
 in. 
 
 Second *P layer. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, King* 
 and two fmall Trumps, with a 
 Quint-major of another Suit ; in 
 the third Suit you have three 
 fmall Cards, and in the fourth 
 Suit one. Your Adverfary ort 
 your Right-hand begins with 
 playing the Ace of your weak 
 Suit, and then proceeds to play 
 th King : in that Cafe, do not 
 trump it, but throw away a lo- 
 
 fmg
 
 [ 30 ] 
 
 fing Card; and if he proceeds to 
 play the Queen, throw away 
 another looting Card; and do 
 the like the fourth time, in 
 hopes your Partner may trump 
 it, who will in that Cafe play a 
 Trump, or will play to your 
 ftrong Suit ; if Trumps are 
 played, go on with them two 
 Rounds, and then proceed to 
 play your ftrong Suit, by which 
 means, if there happens to be 
 four Trumps in one of the Ad- 
 verfary's Hands, and two in the 
 other, which is nearly the Cafe, 
 your Partner being intitled to 
 have three Trumps out of the 
 nine, confequently there remains 
 only fix Trumps between the 
 Adverfaries ; your ftrong Suit 
 forces their beft Trumps, and 
 you have a Probability of mak- 
 ing the odd Trick in your own 
 Hand only ; whereas if you had 
 trumped one of your Adverfa- 
 ries beft Cards, you had fo 
 
 weak-
 
 C 3i ] 
 
 weakened your Hand, as pro- 
 bably not to make more than 
 five Tricks without your Part- 
 ner's help. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Suppofeyou have Ace, Queen, 
 and three fmall Trumps; Ace, 
 Knave, Ten, and Nine of ano- 
 ther Suit ; with two fmall Cards 
 of each of the other Suits : Your 
 Partner leads toyourAce.Knave, 
 Ten, and Nine; and as this 
 Game requires rather to deceive 
 your Adverfaries, than to in- 
 form your Partner, put up the 
 Nine, which naturally leads the 
 Adverfary to play Trumps, if 
 he wins that Card. As fbon as 
 Trumps are played to you, re- 
 turn them upon your Adverfa- 
 ry, keeping the Command in 
 your own Hand. If your Ad- 
 verfary who led Trumps to you, 
 puts up a Trump which your 
 Partner cannot win, if he has no 
 good Suit of his own to play, 
 
 he
 
 C 32 ] 
 
 he will return your Partner's 
 Lead, imagining that Suit lies 
 between his Partner and yours; 
 if this Finefs of yours fhould 
 fucceed, you will be a great 
 Gainer by it, but fcarcely poffi- 
 
 ble to be a Lofer. 
 v. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, King, 
 and three fmall Trumps, with a 
 Quart from a King and two 
 fmall Cards of another Suit, and 
 one fmall Card on each of the 
 other Suits; your Adverfary 
 leads a Suit of which your Part- 
 ner has a Quart- major ; yoar 
 Partner puts up the Knave, and 
 then proceeds to play the Ace ; 
 you refufe to that Suit by play- 
 ing your Joofe Card ; when your 
 Partner plays the King, your 
 right-hand Adverfary trumps it, 
 fuppofe with the Knave or Ten, 
 do not over-trump him, which 
 may probably lofe you two or 
 three Tricks by weakening of 
 
 your
 
 C 33 ] 
 
 your Hand : But if he leads to 
 the Suit of which you have 
 none, trump it, and then play 
 the lowed of your Sequence, in 
 order to get the Ace either out 
 of your Partner's or Adverfa- 
 ries Hand; which accomplifh- 
 ed, as foon as you get the Lead, 
 play two Rounds of Trumps, 
 and then proceed to play your 
 ftrong Suit. Inftead of your 
 Adverfaries playing to your weak 
 Suit, if he fhould play Trumps, 
 do you go on with them two 
 Rounds, and then proceed to 
 get the Command of your ftrong 
 Suit. But you will feldom find 
 this laft Method practifed, ex- 
 cept by moderate Players. 
 
 F CHAP.
 
 [ 34 ] 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Games to be played with certain 
 . Obfervations, whereby you 
 are ajjured that your Partner 
 has no more of the Suit flay- 
 ed cither by jour Jeff or him. 
 
 I. 
 Firfl Example. . 
 
 SUP POSE you lead from 
 Queen, Ten, Nine, and 
 two (mall Cards of any Suit; 
 the fecond Hand puts on the 
 Knave, your Partner plays the 
 Eight ; in this Cafe, you having 
 Queen, Ten and Nine, it is a 
 Demonftration, if he play swell, 
 that he can have no more of that 
 Suit. Therefore., by that Dif- 
 covery, you may play your 
 Game accordingly, either by 
 forcing him to trump that Suit if 
 you are ftrong in Trumps, or by 
 playing fome other Suit. 
 
 II. &-
 
 C 35 ] 
 
 II. Second Example. 
 Suppofe you have King, Queen, 
 and Ten of a Suit, and you lead 
 your King, your Partner plays the 
 Knave, this demonftrates he has 
 no more of that Suit. 
 
 III. ThirdExample^ which varies 
 from the two former. 
 
 Suppofe you have King,Queen, 
 and many more of a Suit, and you 
 begin with the King ; in fome Ca- 
 fes it is good Play in a Partner, 
 when he has the Ace and one 
 fmall Card in that Suit only, to 
 win his Partner's King with the 
 Ace ; for fuppofe he is very 
 ftrong in Trumps, by taking his 
 Partner's King with the Ace, he 
 trumps out, and after he has 
 clear'd the Board of Trumps he 
 returns his Partner's Lead, and 
 having parted with the Ace of 
 that Suit, he has made Room for 
 his Partner to make that whole 
 Suit, w r hich poflibly could not 
 F 2 have 

 
 [ 36 ] 
 
 have been done if he had kept 
 the Command in his Hand. 
 
 And fuppofing his Partner has 
 no other good Card in his Hand 
 befides that Suit, he lofes nothing 
 by the Ace's taking of his King ; 
 but it it ftiould fb happen that he 
 has a good Card to bring in that 
 Suit, he gains all the Tricks which 
 he makes in that Suit, by this Me- 
 thod of Play ; and as your Part- 
 ner has taken your King with the 
 Ace, and trumps out upon it, you 
 have Reafbn to judge he has one 
 of that Suit to return you, there- 
 fore do not throw away any of 
 that Suit, even to keep a King 
 or Queen guarded. 
 
 CHAP;
 
 [ 37 ] 
 
 CHAR V. 
 
 ^Particular Games loth to endea- 
 vour to deceive and diftrefs your 
 Adverfaries, and to demonstrate 
 your Game to your Partner. 
 I. Fir ft Example. 
 
 SUPPOSE I play the Ace of a 
 Suit of which I have Ace, 
 Ring, and three fmall ones ; the 
 laft Player does not choofe to 
 trump it, having none of the Suit; 
 if I am not ftrong enough in 
 Trumps, I muft not play out the 
 King, but keep the Command of 
 that Suit in my Hand by playing 
 of a fmall one, which I muft do 
 in order to weaken his Game. 
 
 II. Second Example. 
 If a Suit is led of which I have 
 none, and a moral Certainty that 
 my Partner has not the beft of that 
 Suit, in order to deceive the Ad- 
 verfary I throw away my ftrong 
 Suit; but, to clear up Doubts to 
 
 my
 
 [ 33 J 
 
 my Partner, when he has the 
 Lead I throw away my weak 
 Suit. This Method of Play will 
 generally fucceed, unlefs you play 
 with very good Players, and even 
 with them, you will oftener gain 
 than lofe by this Method of Play. 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 
 7 articular G AMES to be play ed^ 
 by which you run the risk of/of- 
 ing one Trick only to gain tbree. 
 
 I. Fir/I Example. 
 
 SUPPOSE Clubs to be Trumps, 
 a Heart is play'd by your 
 Adverfary; your Partner having 
 none of that Suit; throws away a 
 Spade; you are then to judge his 
 Hand is compofed of Trumps and 
 Diamonds ; and fuppofe you win 
 that Trick, and being too weak in 
 Trumps, you dare not force him ; 
 and fuppofe you fhould have King, 
 Knave, and one fmall Diamond ; 
 
 and
 
 C 39 3 
 
 and further fuppofe your Partner 
 to have Queen and five Diamonds; 
 in that Cafe, by throwing out 
 your King in your firft Lead, and 
 your Knave in your fecond; your 
 Partner and you may win five 
 Tricks in that Suit; whereas if 
 you had led a fmall Diamond, and 
 your Partners Queen having been 
 won with the Ace, the King and 
 Knave remaining in your Hand, 
 obftrufts his Suit : And thrf he 
 may have the long Trump, yet, by 
 playing a fmall Diamond, and his 
 long Trump having been forced 
 out of his Hand, you lofe by this 
 Method of Play three Tricks in 
 that Deal. 
 
 II. Second Example. 
 Suppofe in the like Cafe of the 
 former, you fhould have Queen, 
 Ten, and one fmall Card in your 
 Partners ftrong Suit ; which, is to 
 be difcovered by the former Ex- 
 ample ; and fuppofe your Partner 
 to have Knave and five fmall 
 
 Card*
 
 ( 40 ) 
 
 Cards, in his ftrong Suit; you hav- 
 ing the Lead are to play your 
 Queen, and when you play again 
 you are to play your Ten , and 
 fuppofe him to have the long 
 Trump, by this Method he makes 
 four Tricks in that Suit; but fliou'd 
 you play a fmall one in that Suit, 
 his Knave being gone, and the 
 Queen remaining in your Hand in 
 the fecond Round, of playing that 
 Suit, and the long Trump being 
 forced out of his Hand, the Queen 
 remaining in your Hand obftrufts 
 the Suit, by which Method of 
 Play you loie three Tricks in that 
 
 Deal. 
 
 III. Third Example. 
 If the former Examples you 
 have been fuppofed to have had 
 the Lead, and by that means have 
 had an Opportunity of throwing 
 out the beft Cards in your Hand 
 of your Partner's ftrong Suit, in 
 order to make room for the whole 
 Suit ; we will now luppofe your
 
 C '41 ] 
 
 Partner is to lead, and in the 
 courfe of Play it appears to 
 you that your Partner has one 
 great Suit; fuppofe Ace, King, 
 and four fmall ones, and that you 
 have Queen, Ten, Nine, and a 
 very fmall one of that Suit; when 
 your Partner plays the Ace, you 
 are to play the Nine; when he 
 plays the King, you are to play 
 the Ten; by which means you fee, 
 in the third Round, you make your 
 Queen, and having a fmall one re- 
 maining, you do not obftrucl your 
 Partner's great Suit, whereas if 
 you had kept your Queen and 
 Ten, and the Knave have fallen 
 from the Adverfaries, you had loft 
 two Tricks in that Deal. 
 
 IV. Fourth Example. 
 Suppofe in the courfe of Play, 
 as in the former Cafe, you find 
 your Partner to have one great 
 Suit, and that you have King, 
 Ten, and a fmall one of that Suit, 
 your Partner leads the Ace, ia. 
 that Cafe play voiif Tea, and! in 
 G the
 
 C 4* 3 
 
 the fecond Round your King; this 
 Method is to prevent a Poflibili- 
 ty of obftructing your Partner's 
 great Suit. 
 
 V. Fijih Example. 
 Suppofe your Partner has Ace, 
 King, and four fmall Cards in his 
 great Suit, and that you have 
 Queen, Ten, and a fmall Card in 
 that Suit, when he plays his Ace 
 do you play your Ten, and when 
 he plays his King, do you play 
 your Queen, by which Method of 
 Play you only risk one Trick to 
 get four. 
 
 VI: Sixth Example. 
 We will now fuppofe you to 
 have five Cards of your Partner's 
 ftrong Suit, viz. Queen,Ten, Nine, 
 Eight, and a fmall one ; and that 
 your Partner has Ace, King, and 
 four fmall ones; when your Part- 
 ner plays the Ace, do you play 
 your Eight; when he plays the 
 King, do you play your Nine; 
 and in the third Round, no body 
 
 having
 
 T 43 ] 
 
 having any of that Suit., except 
 your Partner and you, proceed 
 then to play the Queen, and then 
 the Ten ; and having a fmall one 
 remaining, and your Partner two, 
 you thereby gain a Trick, which 
 you could not have done but by 
 playing the high Cards, and by 
 keeping a fmall one to play to 
 your Partner. 
 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 "Particular Games to le played 
 when your Adverfary turns up 
 an Hononr en your right Hand, 
 with Direftions how to play 
 when an Honour is turned up 
 on your lejt Hand. 
 
 I. Firft Example. 
 
 SUppofe the Knave is turned up 
 on your right Hand, and that 
 you have King, Queen and Ten, 
 in order to win the Knave, begin 
 to play with your King, by which 
 Method of Play, your Partner 
 G 2 may
 
 [ 44 ] 
 
 may fuppofe you to have Queen 
 and Ten remaining, efpecially if 
 you have a fecond Lead, and that 
 you do not proceed to play your 
 Queen. 
 
 II. Second Example. 
 
 The Knave being turn'd up as 
 before, and that you have Ace, 
 Queen, and Ten, by playing of 
 your Queen, it anfwers the like 
 purpofe of the former Rule. 
 III. Third Example. 
 
 If the Queen is turned up on 
 your Right-hand, and that you 
 have Ace, King, and Knave, by 
 playing your King, it anfwers the 
 like purpofe of the former Rule. 
 IV. Fourth Example. 
 
 Suppofe an Honour is turned 
 up on your Left-hand, and fup- 
 pofc you fhould hold no Honour, 
 in that Cafe you are to play 
 trumps thro' that Honour; but 
 in cafe you fhould hold an Ho- 
 nour ('except the AceJ you muft 
 be cautious how you play Trumps, 
 
 becaufe,
 
 C 45 ] 
 
 becaufe, in cafe your Partner 
 holds no Honour, your Adverfary 
 will play your own Game upon 
 you. 
 
 CHAP. VIII. 
 
 A CASE to demonstrate the Dan- 
 ger of forcing your Partner. 
 I. 
 
 SUPPOSE A and B Partners, 
 and that A has a Quint-major 
 in Trumps, with a Quint-major, 
 and three fmall Cards of another 
 Suit, and that A has the Lead; 
 and let us fuppofe the Adverfa- 
 ries C and 2) to have only five 
 Trumps in either Hand; in this 
 Cafe, A having the Lead, wins 
 every Trick. 
 
 n. 
 
 Suppofe, on the contrary, C has 
 five fmall Trumps, with a Quint- 
 major and three fmall Cards of 
 another Suit, and that C has a 
 
 Lead,
 
 C 46 ] 
 
 Lead, who forces A to trump 
 firft, by which means A wins on- 
 ly five Tricks. 
 
 in. 
 
 A CASE to denwnjlrate the Ad- 
 vantage ly a Saw. 
 Suppofe *d and J5 Partners, and 
 that A has a Quart-major in Clubs, 
 they being Trumps, another Quart- 
 major in Hearts, another Quart- 
 major in Diamonds, and the Ace 
 of Spades. And let us fuppofe the 
 Adverfaries C and 2) to have the 
 following Cards, T/'JS, C has four 
 Trumps, eight Hearts, and one 
 Spade ; 2) has five Trumps and 
 eight Diamonds, C being to lead, 
 plays an Heart, 2) trumps it ; 2) 
 plays a Diamond, C trumps it ; 
 and thus purfuing the Saw, each 
 Partner trumps a Quart-major of 
 A's ; and 2) being to play at the 
 ninthTrick, plays a Spade, which 
 C trumps; thus C and 2) have won 
 the nine firft Tricks, and leave A 
 with his Quart-major in Trumps 
 only. The
 
 C 47 ] 
 
 The foregoing Cafe fhews, that 
 whenever you gain the Advan- 
 tage of eftablifhing of a Saw, it 
 is your Intereft to embrace it. 
 
 (What follows in this TREATISE 
 is the Addition 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 Containing Variety of CASES, /- 
 termixed with CALCULATIONS, demon- 
 f rating when it is proper ', atfecond Hand, 
 to put up the King, ^ueen,Knave y or Ten, 
 with onefmall Card of any Suit, &c. 
 
 SUPPOSE you have fourfmall 
 Trumps; in the three other 
 Suits you have one Trick fecure 
 in each of them ; and fuppofe your 
 Partner has no Trump, in that 
 Cafe the remaining nine Trumps 
 muft be divided between your 
 Adverfaries, iuppofe five in one 
 
 Hand,
 
 C 48 ] 
 
 Hand, and four in the other ; As 
 often as you have the Lead, play 
 Trumps, and fuppofe you fhould 
 have four Leads, in that Cafe, you 
 fee, your Adverfaries make only 
 five Tricks out of nine Trumps ; 
 whereas if you had fuffer'd them 
 to make their Trumps fmgle,they 
 might poflibly have made nine 
 Tricks. 
 
 By this Example you fee the 
 Neceffity there is of taking out t WQ 
 Trumps for one upon moft Occa- 
 fions. 
 
 Yet there is an Exception to the 
 foregoing Rule, becaufe if you find 
 in the courfe of Play that your 
 Adverfaries are very ftrong in any 
 particular Suit, and that yourPart- 
 ner can give you no Affiftance, in 
 fuch a Cafe you are to examine 
 your own, and alfo your Adver- 
 faries Scores, becaufe by keep- 
 ing one Trump in your Hand to 
 trump fuch Suit, it may be either 
 a means to fave or win a Game. 
 
 Sup-
 
 [ 49 ] 
 
 II. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, Queen, 
 and two fmall Cards of any Suit; 
 your right-hand Adverfary leads 
 that Suit ; in that Cafe, do not 
 put up your Queen, becaufe it is an 
 equal Wager that your Partner has 
 a better Card in that Suit than 
 the third Hand ; if fo, you have 
 the Command of that Suit. 
 
 An Exception to the foregoing 
 Rule is, in cafe you want the Lead, 
 that you are to put up your 
 Queen. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Never choofe to lead from 
 King, Knave, and one fmall Card 
 in any Suit, becaufe it is 2 to i 
 that your Partner has not the Ace, 
 and alfo 32 to 25, or about 5 to 
 4 that he has Ace or Queen ; 
 and therefore as you have only 
 about 5 to 4 in your favour, and 
 as you muft have four Cards in 
 fome other Suit, fuppofe the Ten 
 H tp
 
 r 50 3 
 
 to be the higheft, lead that Suit, 
 becaufe it is an equal Wager that 
 your Partner has a better Card in 
 that Suit than the laft Player ; and 
 if the Ace of the firft-mentioned 
 Suit lies behind you, which is an 
 equal Wager it ihould fo happen, 
 in cafe your Partner has it not, in 
 this Cafe, on your Adverfaries 
 leading this Suit, you probably 
 make two Tricks in it by this Me- 
 thod ot Play. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Suppofe in the Courfe of Play 
 it appears to you, that your Part- 
 ner and you have fout or five 
 Trumps remaining, when your 
 Adverfaries have none, and that 
 you have no winning Card in your 
 Hand, but that you have Reafon 
 to judge your Partner has a th r- 
 teenth Card, or fome other winn- 
 ing Card in his Hand; in that 
 Cafe piay a fmall Trump, to put 
 
 the
 
 C s 3 
 
 the Lead into his Hand, in "order 
 to throw away any lofing Card in 
 your Hand, upon fuch thirteenth 
 or other good Card. 
 
 CHAP. X. 
 
 Some Directions for putting tip at 
 Jecond Hand, King, QiieeK) 
 or Ten, of any Suit^ &c 
 
 SUppofe you have the King and 
 one fmall Card of any Suit, 
 and that your right-hand Adver- 
 fary plays that Suit; if he is a good 
 Player do not put up the King, 
 unlefs you want the Lead, be- 
 caufe a good Player feldom leads 
 from a Suit of which he has the 
 Ace, but keeps it in his Hand 
 (after the Trumps are played out) 
 to bring in his ftrong Suit. 
 
 Suppofe you have a Queen and 
 
 one fmall Card of any Suit, and 
 
 H 2 thai
 
 t 53 3 
 
 that your right-hand Adverfary 
 leads that Suit ; do not put on 
 your Queen, becaufe, fuppofe the 
 Adverfary has led from the Ace 
 and Knave, in that Cafe, upon 
 the Return of that Suit, your 
 Adverfary finefles the Knave, 
 which is generally good Play, 
 efpecially if his Partner has play- 
 ed the King, you thereby make 
 your Queen ; but by putting on 
 the Queen, it (hews your Adver*- 
 fary that you have no ftrength in 
 that Suit, and confequently v.-uts 
 him upon fineffing upon your 1'art- 
 ner throughout that whole Suit. 
 
 ill. 
 
 In the former Examples you 
 have been informed when it is 
 thought proper to put up the 
 King or Queen at fecond Hand ; 
 you are likewife to obferve, in 
 cafe you fliould have the Knave 
 or Ten of any Suit, with a fmall 
 Card of the fame Suit, it is gene- 
 rally bad Play to put up either of 
 
 them
 
 .r 53 ) 
 
 them at fecond Hand, becaufe it 
 is 5 to 2 that the third Hand has 
 either Ace, King, or Queen of the 
 Suit led; it therefore follows, 
 that as the Odds againft you is 
 5 to 2, and though you fhou'd 
 fucceed fbmetimes by this Me- 
 thod of Play, yet in the main 
 you muft be a Lofer, becaufe it 
 demonftrates to your Adverfa- 
 ries that you are weak in that 
 Suit, and confequently they finefs 
 upon your Partner throughout 
 that whole Suit. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, King, 
 and three foiall Cards of a Suit, 
 your right-hand Adverfary leads 
 that Suit, upon which you play 
 your Ace, and your Partner plays 
 the Knave ; in cafe you are 
 ftrong in Trumps, you are to 
 return a fmall one in that Suit, 
 in order to let your Partner 
 trump it : and this Confequence 
 attends fuch Play, 'viz. you keep 
 
 the
 
 C 54 3 
 
 the Command of that Suit in your 
 own Hand, and at the fame 
 time it gives your Partner an 
 Intimation that you are ftrong 
 in Trumps, and therefore he 
 may play his Game accordingly, 
 either in attempting to eftablifti 
 a Saw, or by trumping out to 
 you, if he has either ftrength in 
 Trumps, or the Command of the 
 other Suits. 
 
 V. 
 
 Suppofe A and 's Game is 
 fcored 6, the Adverfanes C and 
 J) is fcored 7, and that 9 Cards 
 are played out, of which A and 
 & have won 7 Tricks, and fup- 
 poie no Honours are reckoned in 
 that Deal, in this Cafe A and B 
 have won the odd Trick, which 
 puts their Game upon an Equa- 
 lity, and fuppofe A to have the 
 Lead, and that A has two of the 
 fmalleft Trumps remaining, with 
 two winning Cards of other 
 Suits; and fuppofe C and D have 
 
 the
 
 C 55 3 
 
 the two beft Trumps between 
 them, with two other winning 
 Cards in their Hands., Jittery flaw 
 are you to play this Game ? It is 
 1 1 to 3 that C has not the two 
 Trumps, and likewife n to 3 
 that 2) has them not; the Odds 
 being fo much in ^'s favour to 
 win the whole Stake, it is his In- 
 tereft to play a Trump, for fup- 
 pofe the Stake to he 7o/. depen- 
 ding, A wins the whole Stake, 
 if he fucceeds by this Method of 
 Play ; but ftiou'd he play the clofe 
 Game, by forcing C or 2) to trump 
 firft, he having won the odd Trick 
 already, and being fure of win- 
 ning two more in his own Hand, 
 by this Method his Game will be 
 fcored 9 to 7. which is about 3 
 to 2, and therefore jfs Share of 
 the 7o/. will amount only to 
 42/. and by this Method A only 
 fecures 7/. Profit; but in the other 
 Cafe, upon fuppofition that *4and 
 B have ii to 3 of the Stake de- 
 pending
 
 C 56 ] 
 
 pending, as aforefaid, by playing 
 his Trump, he is in titled to 5/; 
 out of the 7o/. depending. 
 
 The foregoing Cafe being duly 
 attended to, may be applied to 
 the like purpofe, in other Parts of 
 the Game. 
 
 CHAP.
 
 C 57 ] 
 
 CHAR XL 
 
 Some T)irettions how to flay when 
 an slce^ King, or Queen are 
 turned up on your Right Hand 9 
 &c. 
 
 I. 
 
 SUppofe the Ace is turned up 
 on your Right-hand, and that 
 you have the Ten and Nine of 
 Trumps only, with Ace, King, 
 and Queen of another Suit, and 
 eight Cards of no Value, >uery 9 
 How muft this Game be played ? 
 Begin with the Ace of the Suit 
 of which you have Ace, King, 
 and Queen, which is an infor- 
 mation to your Partner that you 
 have the Command of that Suit; 
 then play your Ten of Trumps, 
 becaufe it is five to two that 
 your Partner has King, Qneen, 
 or Knave of Trumps ; and tho' 
 I it
 
 [ 58 ] 
 
 it is about feven to two that 
 your Partner has not two Ho- 
 nours, yet, fhould he chance to 
 have them, and they prove to 
 be the King and Knave, in 
 that Cafe, as your Partner will 
 pafs your Ten of Trumps, and 
 as it is thirteen to twelve againft 
 the laft Player for holding the 
 Queen of Trumps, upon fuppo- 
 fition your Partner has it not, 
 in that Cafe, when your Partner 
 has the Lead, he plays to your 
 ftrong Suit, and upon your hav- 
 ing the Lead, you are to play 
 the Nine of Trumps, which puts 
 it in your Partner's Power to 
 be almoft certain of winning 
 the Queen, if he lies behind it. 
 The foregoing Cafe (hews, 
 that turning up of an Ace againft 
 you, may be made lefs benefi- 
 cial to your Adverfaries, pro- 
 vided you play by this Rule. 
 
 II. If
 
 C 59 ] 
 
 ir. 
 
 If the King or Queen are 
 turned up on your Right-hand, 
 the like Method of Play may be 
 made ufe of; but you are always 
 to diftinguifh the Difference of 
 your Partner's Capacity, becaufe 
 a good Player will make a pro- 
 per Ufe of fuch Play, but a bad 
 one feldom, if ever, 
 in. 
 
 Suppofe the Adverfary on 
 your Right-hand leads the King 
 of Trumps, and that you fhou'd 
 have the Ace and four fmall 
 Trumps, with a good Suit ; in 
 this Cafe it is your Intereft to 
 pals the King ; and tho' he fhou'd 
 have King, Queen, and Knave 
 of Trumps, with one more, if he 
 is a moderate Player, he will 
 play the fmall one, imagining that 
 his Partner has the Ace; when he 
 plays the fmall one, you are to 
 pals it, becaufe it is an equal 
 Wager that your Partner has a 
 I 2 better
 
 C 60 ] 
 
 better Trump than the laft Play- 
 er, if fo, and that he happens to 
 be a tolerable Player, he will 
 judge you have a good Realbn 
 for this Method of Play, and 
 confequently, if he has a third 
 Trump remaining, he will play 
 it, if not, he will play his beft 
 Suit. 
 
 IV, 
 
 A Critical Cafe to win an odd 
 
 Trick. 
 
 Suppofe A and B Partners 
 againft C and 2), and fuppofe the 
 Game to be Nine all, and fup- 
 pofe all the Trumps are played 
 out, A being the laft Player, has 
 the Ace and four other fmall 
 Cards of a Suit in his Hand, and 
 one thirteenth Card remaining; 
 B has only two fmall Cards of 
 A's Suit ; C has Queen and two 
 other fmall Cards -of that Suit; 
 D has King, Knave, and one 
 fmall Card of the fame Suit A 
 and B have won three Tricks,
 
 C and 2) have won four Tricks; 
 it therefore follows that A is to 
 win four Tricks out of the fix 
 Cards in his Hand, in order to 
 win the Game. C leads this Suit, 
 and 2) puts up the King ; A gives 
 him that Trick, 2) returns that 
 Suit ; A pafles it, and C puts up 
 his Queen ; thus c an d 2) have 
 won fix Tricks, and C imagining 
 the Ace of that Suit to be in his 
 Partner's Hand, returns it, by 
 which means A wins the four 
 laft Tricks., and confequently the 
 
 Game. 
 
 v. 
 
 Suppofe you Ihou'd have the 
 King and five fmall Trumps, and 
 that your right-hand Adverfary 
 plays the Queen ; In that Cafe do 
 not put on your King, becaufe it 
 is an equal Wager that your Part- 
 ner has the Ace; and fuppofe 
 your Adverfary fliou'd have 
 Queen 5 Knave, Ten, and one fmall 
 Trump, it is alfo an equal Wager 
 
 that
 
 [ 6* ] 
 
 that the Ace lies fingle, either in 
 your Adverfaries Hand or Part- 
 ner's, in either of which Cafes 
 it is bad Play to put on your 
 King ; but if the Queen of Trumps 
 is led, and that you fliou'd hap- 
 pen to have the King, with two 
 or three Trumps, it is the bed 
 Play to put on the King, be- 
 caufe it is good Play to lead 
 from the Queen aod one fmall 
 Trump only ; and, in that Cafe, 
 fliou'd yonr Partner have the 
 Knave of Trumps, and your left- 
 hand Adverfary hold the Ace, 
 your neglectiug to put on the 
 King is the Lofs of a. Trick: 
 
 CHAP.
 
 C 
 
 CHAP. XII. 
 
 The Ten or Nine being turrid up 
 on your Right-hand, &c. 
 
 I. 
 
 SUPPOSE the Ten is turned 
 up on your Right-hand, and 
 that you fliou'd have King, K nave, 
 Nine, and two fmall Trumps; 
 with eight other Cards of no 
 Value, and that it is proper for 
 you to lead Trumps ; in that Cafe, 
 begin with the Knave, in order 
 to prevent the Ten from mak- 
 ing of a Trick; and tho* it is 
 about five to four that your Part- 
 ner holds an Henour, yt if that 
 fliou'd fail, by fineffing your Nine 
 on the Return of Trumps from 
 your Partner, you have the Ten 
 in your Power. 
 
 II.
 
 C 64 ] 
 
 II. 
 
 The Nine being turned up on 
 your Right-hand, and that you 
 fhou'd have Knave, Ten, Eight, 
 and two fmall Trumps , by 
 leading the Knave it anfwers 
 the Hike Purpofe of the former 
 
 Cafe, 
 
 in. 
 
 You are to make a wide Dif- 
 ference between a Lead of Choice 
 and a forced Lead of your Part- 
 ner's, becaufe in the firft Cafe he 
 is fuppofed to lead from his beft 
 Suit, and finding you deficient in 
 that Suit, and not being ftrong 
 enough in Trumps, and not da- 
 ring to force you, he then plays 
 his next beft Suit, by which 
 Alteration of Play it is next to 
 a Demonftration that he is weak 
 in Trumps, but fhould he per- 
 fevere, by playing off his firft 
 Lead, if he is a good Player, 
 you are to judge him ftrong in 
 Trumps, and it is a Direction for 
 you to play your Game accord- 
 ingly. IV.
 
 IV. 
 
 There is nothing more per- 
 nicious at the Game of Whift, 
 than to change Suits often., be- 
 caufe in every new Suit you 
 run the Rifk of giving your 
 Adverfary the Tenace; and 
 therefore, tho' you lead from a 
 Suit of which you have Queen, 
 Ten, and three (mall ones, and 
 your Partner puts up the Nine 
 only, in that Cafe, if you 
 fliou'd happen to be weak in 
 Trumps, and that you have no 
 tolerable Suit to lead from, it 
 is your bed Play to purfiie the 
 Lead of that Suit> by play- 
 ing your Queen, which leaves 
 it in your Partner's Option 
 whether he will Trump it or 
 not, in cafe he has no more of 
 that Suit ; but in your fecond 
 Lead, in cafe you fliould hap- 
 pen to have the Queen or 
 Knave of any other Suit, with 
 K one
 
 C 66 ] 
 
 one Card only of the fame Suit, 
 it would be better Play to lead 
 from your Queen or Knave of 
 either of thofe Suits, it being 5 
 to 2 that your Partner has one 
 Honour at lead in either of 
 thofe Suits. 
 
 V. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, and 
 one fmall Card of any Suit, 
 with four Trumps; if your 
 right*hand Adverfary leads that 
 Suit, pafs it, becaufe it is an 
 equal Wager that your Partner 
 has a better Card in that Suit 
 than the third Hand ; if fo, 
 you gain a Trick by it; if other- 
 wife, as you have four Trumps, 
 you need not fear to lofe by it, 
 becaufe when Trumps are play- 
 ed, you may be fuppofed to 
 have the Long Trump. 
 
 CHAP.
 
 C 
 
 CHAR XIII. 
 
 A CAUTION not to fart with 
 the Command of your Adyerfa- 
 ries great Stilt ^ &c. 
 
 I. 
 
 IN cafe you are weak in 
 Trumps, and that it does 
 not appear that your Partner is 
 very ftrong in them, be very 
 cautious how you part with the 
 Command of your Adverfary's 
 great Suit : For fuppofe your 
 Adverfary plays a Suit of 
 which you have King, Qdeen, 
 and one finall Card only, the 
 Adverfary leads the Ace, and, 
 upon playing the fame Suit, 
 you play your Queen, which 
 makes it almoft certain to your 
 Partner that you have the 
 King; and fuppofe your Part- 
 ner refufes to that Suit, do not 
 K 2 play
 
 t 68 ] 
 
 play the King, becaufe if the 
 Leader of that Suit, or his Part- 
 ner, have the Long Trump, 
 you rifk the lofing of three 
 Tricks to get one. 
 
 II. 
 
 Suppofe your Partner has ten 
 Cards remaining in his Hand, 
 and t! at it appears to you, that 
 they confift of Trumps and onq 
 Suit only ; and fuppofe you 
 fliould have King, Ten, and 
 one fmall Card of his ftrong 
 Suit, with Queen and two 
 fmall Trumps; in this Cafe, 
 you are to judge he has five 
 Cards of each Suit, and there- 
 fore you ought to play out the 
 King of his ftrong Suit, and 
 if you win that Trick, your 
 next bed Play is, to throw out 
 the Queen of Trumps; if that 
 likewife comes home, proceed 
 to play Trumps ; this Method 
 qf Play may be made ufe of 
 
 at
 
 [ 69 ] 
 
 9t any Score of the Game, 
 except at ^ and 9. 
 
 III. 
 
 The TRUMP turned up to be 
 
 remembered. 
 
 It is fo neceflary that the 
 Trump turned up fhou'd be 
 known and remembered, both 
 by the Dealer and his Partner, 
 that we think it proper to 
 obferve, That the Dealer 
 fliou'd always fb place that 
 Card, as to be certain of ha- 
 ving Recourfe to it: For, fup- 
 pofe it to be only a 5, and that 
 the Dealer has two more, viz. 
 the 6 and , if his Partner 
 Trumps out with Ace and 
 King, he ought to play his 6 
 and 9 ; becaufe, let us fuppofe, 
 your Partner to have Ace, King, 
 and four fmall Trumps, in this 
 Cafe, by your Partner's know- 
 ing
 
 ing you have the 5 remaining, 
 you may win many Tricks. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Your right-hand Adverfary 
 leads a Suit 5 of which you 
 have Ten, and two fmall ones; 
 the third Hand puts up the 
 Knave, your Partner wins it 
 with the King ; when your 
 Right-hand leads that Suit 
 again, and plays a fmall one, 
 do you put on your Ten, be- 
 cauie it may fave your Partner's 
 Ace, upon Supposition that 
 your right-hand Adverfary led 
 from the Queen ; you will fel- 
 dom fail of Succefs by this 
 Method of Play. 
 
 V. 
 
 Suppofe you have the beft 
 Trump, and that the Adverfa- 
 ry A has one Trump only re- 
 maining, and that it appears to 
 you that your Adverfary B has
 
 a great Suit ; in this Cafe, tho' 
 you permit A to make his 
 Trump, yet by keeping the 
 Trump in your Hand, you pre- 
 vent the Adverfary B from 
 making his great Suit ; where- 
 as, if you had taken out A's 
 Trump, it had. made only one 
 Trick difference, but by this 
 Method you probably fave 
 three or four Tricks. 
 
 VI. 
 
 The following CASE happens 
 
 frequently. 
 
 That you have two Trumps 
 remaining when your Adver- 
 faries have only one, and it ap- 
 pears to you that your Partner 
 has one great Suit, in this Cafe 
 always play a Trump j tho' 
 you have the worft, becaufe 
 by removing the Trump out of 
 your Adverfary 's Hands, there
 
 can be no Obftrudion to your 
 Partner's great Suit. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Suppofe you fhou'd have 
 three Trumps when no body 
 elfe have any, and that you 
 fliou'd have only four Cards of 
 any certain Suit remaining ; in 
 this Cafe play a Trump, which 
 {hews your Partner that you 
 have all the Trumps, and alfo 
 gives you a fair Chance for one 
 of your Adverfaries to throw 
 away one Card of the aforefaid 
 Suit; by which means, fuppo> 
 fing that Suit to have been orice 
 led, and one thrown away 
 makes Five, and four remain- 
 ing in your Hand makes Nine, 
 there being only four remain- 
 ing between three Hands, and 
 your Partner having an equal 
 Wager to hold a better Card in 
 that Suit than the laft Player, 
 it therefore follows that you 
 
 have
 
 C 73 J 
 
 have an equal Chance to make 
 three Tricks in that Suit, which 
 probably could not have been 
 done but by this Method of 
 Play. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Suppofe you have five Trumps 
 and fix (mall Cards of any Suit, 
 and you are to lead ; the beft 
 Play is to lead from the Suit of 
 which you have fix, becaufe, as 
 you are deficient in two Suit% 
 your Adverfaries will probably 
 trump out, which is playing 
 your own Game for you; where- 
 as, ha.d you begun with play- 
 ing Trumps, they would force 
 you., and confequently deftroy 
 your Game. -, ] 
 
 CHAR
 
 t 74 ] 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Some Purchasers of the 
 
 TISE in Mamjcript, difpofed 
 of the loft Wmter , having de- 
 Jired a further Explanation 
 concerning the playing of Se- 
 quences^ they are explained in 
 the following manner. 
 
 IN Trumps you are to play 
 the higheft of your Se- 
 quences, unlefs you fhould have 
 Ace, King, and Queen, in that 
 Cafe play the loweft, in order 
 to let your Partner into the 
 State of your Game. 
 
 II. 
 
 In Suits which are not Trumps, 
 if you have a Sequence of King, 
 Queen, and K^ve, and two 
 
 fmall
 
 
 
 r 75 j 
 
 fmall ones; whether you are 
 ftrong in Trumps or not, it is 
 the beft Play to begin with the 
 Knave, becaufe, by getting the 
 Ace oat of any Hand, you make 
 room for the whole Suit. 
 
 III. 
 
 And in cafe you are ftrong 
 in Trumps, fuppofmg you fhould 
 have a 'Sequence of Queen, 
 Knave, Ten, and two fmall 
 Cards of any Suit; in that 
 Cafe, you ought to play the 
 higheft of your Sequence, be- 
 caufe, if either of the Adver- 
 faries (hould trump that Suit 
 in the fecond Round, by being 
 ftrong in Trumps, you fetch out 
 their Trumps, and confequently 
 make the Remainder of that 
 Suit. 
 
 The like Method may be 
 taken, if you fhould happen to 
 have a Sequence, by Knave, 
 Ten, Nine, and two fmall 
 Cards of any Suit IV,
 
 E 76 3 
 
 IV. 
 
 If you have a Sequence of 
 King, Queen, Knave, and one 
 fmall Card of any Suit, whe- 
 ther you are ftrong in Trumps , 
 or other wife, play your King; 
 and do the like by any inferior 
 Sequences, if you have only four 
 in Number. 
 
 V. 
 
 But if you fliould happen to 
 be weak in Trumps, you muft 
 always begin with the loweft of 
 the Sequence, in cafe you fhou'd 
 have five in Number ; for, lup- 
 pofe your Partner to have the 
 Ace of that Suit, he then makes 
 it ; and where lies the Diffe- 
 rence whether you or your Part- 
 ner win a Trick? For if you 
 had the Ace and four fmall Cards 
 of any Suit, and are weak in 
 Trumps, and led from that Suit; 
 if you play well, you ought to 
 
 play
 
 [ 77 3 
 
 play the Ace; if you are very 
 ftrong in Trumps, you may play 
 your Game as backward as you 
 pleafe ; but if you are weak in 
 Trumps, you muft play the 
 Reverfe. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Let us explain what is meant 
 by being Strong or Weak in 
 Trumps. 
 
 If you have Ace, King, and 
 three (mail Trumps. 
 King,Queen and 3 fmall Trumps 
 Queen, Knave,and 3 fm.Trumps 
 Queen,Ten,and 3 fmall Trumps 
 Knave,Ten,and3 fmall Trumps 
 Queen, and four fmall Trumps 
 Knave 5 and four fmall Trumps. 
 
 In any of the aforefaid Cafes, 
 you may be underftood to be 
 very Strong in Trumps, and 
 therefore you may play by the 
 
 fore-
 
 C 78 ) 
 
 foregoing Rules, being morally 
 allured of having the Command 
 in Trumps. 
 
 If you have two or three 
 fmall Trumps only, we un- 
 derftand you to be Weak in 
 them. 
 
 VII. 
 
 What Strength in Trumps in- 
 titles you to force your Partner 
 at any Point of the Game. 
 
 Ace 3 and three fmall Trumps. 
 King, and three fmall Trumps. 
 Queen, and three fmall Trumps. 
 Knave, and three fmall Trumps. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 If, by Accident, either you 
 or the Adverfaries have forced 
 your Partner (tho' you are weak 
 in Trumps) if he has had the 
 Lead, and does not choofe to 
 trump out, force him on as often 
 as the Lead comes into your 
 
 Hand,
 
 ( 79 ) 
 
 Hand, unlefs you have good 
 Suits of your own to play. 
 
 IX. 
 
 If you fhould happen to have 
 only two or three (mall Trumps, 
 and that your right-hand Adver- 
 fary leads a Suit of which you 
 have none., trump it, which is 
 an Information to your Partner 
 that you are weak in Trumps. 
 
 X. 
 
 Suppofe you 'have Ace, Knave 
 and one fmall Trump, and that 
 your Partner trumps to you, 
 fuppofe from the King and three 
 fmall Trumps, Query ^ . Whether 
 it is the beft Play to put on the 
 Ace or Knave ? And fuppofe 
 your right-hand Adverfary has 
 three Trumps, and that your 
 left-hand Adverfary has the like 
 Number; in this Cafe, by ftnef- 
 fine of your Knave, and play
 
 ( 86 ) 
 
 ing your Ace, if the Queen is 
 on your Right-hand, you win a 
 Trick by it ; but if the Queen is 
 on your Left-hand, and you 
 fliou'd play the Ace, and then 
 return the Knave, admitting 
 your left-hand Adverfary puts 
 on the Queen, which he ought 
 to do, it is above 2 to i that 
 one of the Adverfaries have the 
 Ten, and confequently you gain 
 no Trick by playing thus. 
 
 XI. 
 
 If your Partner has led from 
 the Ace of Trumps, and fup- 
 pofe you fhou'd have King, 
 Knave., and one (mall Trump, 
 by putting on your Knave, and 
 returning the King, it anfwers 
 exadly the like Purpofe of the 
 former Rule. 
 
 In other Suits you may prac- 
 tife the like Method. 
 
 XIL
 
 XII. 
 
 If you are ftrong in Trumps, 
 and that you have King, Queen, 
 and two or three finall Cards in 
 any other Suit, you may lead a 
 fmall one, it being 5 to 4 that 
 your Partner has an Honour in 
 that Suit; but if you are weak 
 in Trumps, you ought to begin 
 with the King. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 If your right-hand Adveriary 
 leads a Suit of which you have 
 King, Queen, and two or three 
 finall Cards of the fame Suit, 
 you being ftrong in Trumps, may 
 pa(s it, becaufe it is an equal 
 Wager that your Partner has a 
 better Card in that Suit than 
 the third Hand ; if not, by your 
 Strength of Trumps, you need 
 
 not fear making that Suit, 
 xiv. 
 
 If your right-hand Adverfary 
 leads a Suit of which you have 
 King, Queen, and one fmall Card, 
 whether in Trumps or not, put 
 on the Queen t Alfb if you have 
 M Queen,
 
 C 8 3 3 
 
 Queen, Knave, and one fmall 
 Card, put on the Knave; and if 
 you have Knave, Ten, and one 
 fmall Card, put on the Ten. By 
 putting up the fecond Beft, as 
 aforefaid, your Partner has an 
 Expedition of your having a 
 better Card, or Cards, in the 
 WP* fuit i and, by recourfe to 
 the Calculations annexed to this 
 Treatife, he may be able to judge 
 what are the Odds for and againft 
 him. 
 
 XV. 
 
 If you fhould have Ace, King, 
 and two final! Cards in any Suit, 
 being ftrong in Trumps; if your 
 right-hand Adverfary Iead 3 that 
 puir, you may pa fs it, becaufe it 
 >s an equal Wager that your Part- 
 ner has a better Card in that Suit 
 than the third Hand; if fo, you 
 gam a Trick by it; ifotherwife, 
 you need not fear to make your 
 Ace and King, by your Strength 
 in Trumps. 
 
 XVI. If
 
 83 
 
 XVI. 
 
 If 'you fhou'd have the Ace; 
 Nine , Eight', and one fmall 
 Trump, and that your Partner 
 leads the Ten , in that Cafe pafs 
 it, becaufe, unlefs the. three Ho- 
 nours lie behind you, you are fure 
 of making two Tricks; do the 
 like, if you fhou'd have the King, 
 Nine, Eight, and one fmall Trump; 
 or the Queen, Nine, Eight, and 
 
 one fmall Trump, 
 xvir. 
 
 In order to deceive your Ad- 
 verfaries, if your right - hand 
 Adverfary leads from a Suit, of 
 which you have Ace, King and 
 Queen, or Ace, King, and Knave, 
 put on the Ace ; becaufe that 
 encourages the Adverfaries to 
 play that Suit again ; And tho* 
 you deceive your Partner by this 
 Method of Play, you alfo deceive 
 your Adverfaries, which is of 
 greater Confequence in this Cafe, 
 becaufe if you had put on the 
 M 2 loweft
 
 ( 8* ) 
 
 1 o weft of the Terce-major, or the 
 Knave in the other Suit, your 
 right-hand Adverfary had made 
 a Difcovery, that the Strength of 
 that Suit was againft him, and 
 confequently wou'd have changed 
 
 Suits, 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Suppofe you have Ace, Ten, 
 and one fmall Card of any Suit ; 
 alfo the Ace, Nine, and one fmall 
 Card in any Suit ; Query, Which 
 of thefe Suits ought you to lead 
 from ? <dnjwer, From the Suit of 
 which you have the Ace, Nine, 
 and one fmall Card; for this 
 Re^fon, it being an equal Wager 
 that your Partner has a better 
 Card in that Suit, than the laft 
 P ayer ; if not, let us then fup- 
 pole that your right-hand Adver- 
 fary leads from the King or Queen 
 of the Suit, of which you have 
 the Ace, Ten, and one fmall 
 Card ; in that Cafe., it is an 
 Wager that your Partner 
 
 has
 
 C 85 ] 
 
 has a better Card in that Suit than 
 the third Hand ; if that happens 
 to be the Cafe, upon the Return 
 of the Suit {you lie tenace, and 
 confequently ftand a fair Chance 
 for three Tricks in that Suit. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 A Cafe to demon/Irate the Tenace. 
 
 Let us fuppofe A and to play 
 at Two-handed Whift, aud let us 
 fuppofe A to have the Ace, Queen, 
 Ten, Eight, Six, and Four of 
 Clubs, which, in cafe B always 
 leads, are fix fure Tricks. Let us 
 fuppofe he has the fame Hand in 
 Spades, which, in cafe B always 
 leads, are fix fure Tricks. We 
 fuppofe B has the Remainder of 
 thefe two Suits. 
 
 Let us fuppofe B to have the 
 fame Hand in Hearts and Dia- 
 monds, as A has in Spades, and 
 Clubs, and that A has the Re- 
 mainder of the Hearts and Dia^ 
 monds, which, in cafe A> always 
 
 leads, 
 
 \\
 
 r ^ 3 
 
 leads; are twelve fure Tricks alfo 
 to B. 
 
 The foregoing Cafe fliews that 
 both Hands are exaftly equal; and 
 therefore let one of them name 
 his Trumps, and lead, he wins 
 thirteen Tricks only; 
 
 But if one names the Trumps, 
 and the other leads, he that names 
 the Trumps, ought to win four- 
 teen Tricks. 
 
 Thofe who would attain to the 
 playing of Whift to perfection, 
 muft not be content only with 
 being a f Matter of the Calcula- 
 tions contained in this Treati/c, 
 and alfo an eriaft Judge of all the 
 general and particular Cafes in the 
 fame, but be a very punctual 
 Obferver of fuch Cards as are 
 thrown away, both by his Part- 
 ner and Adverfaries, and at what 
 time : Whoever attends clofely 
 to thefe Particulars, is the moft 
 likely to attain their End. 
 
 F I M 1 S.
 
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