THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES ?^J r.' ^- 0. BAKER Uwr£K A COMPLETE COURSE IN PHONOGRAPHY ACCORDING TO THE ISAAC PITMAN METHOD A PRACTICAL SELF-INSTRUCTOR AND GUIDE TO SHORTHAND REPORTING. Intended for use as a Class Text Book as well as for the Individual Student. ... BY ... W. L. MASON, Of the De Witt Clinton High School and Principal of the Metropolitan School of Shorthand. New York : W. L. MASON, 289 Fourth Avenue. Price, $1.00. Special Discount to Teachers and the Trade. Copyright, 1900, by W. L. Mason. W. L. MASON'S PUBLICATIONS SERIAL LESSONS IN PHONOGRAPHY Separable Lesson Leaves or Charts THE STENOGRAPHER'S COMPANION A graded Exercise Book THE COMMERCIAL DICTATION BOOK For Writers cf all Systems HOW TO SEE THE POINT AND PLACE IT The btst Hand-book on Punctuation MASON'S COMPLETE COURSE IN SHORTHAND For Classes and Individual Students Copyright, 1900, by \V. L. Mason Mason's Complete Course CONTENTS PAOB Saggestions to Students -■....-.. 5 PARTi I Lessons The Phonographic Alphabet --......-7 Double Consonants ..--...... 8 Combinations of Consonants .....-.-9 R and Tchay Combinations .--.-... lO Vowels and Diphthongs • - - - - - - • - - 11 Places of the Vowels— Position of Words ------ 13 Long Vowels Between Two Consonants - - - - - - - 13 Short Vowels Between Two Consonanis ------ U Dictation Exercises and Miscellaneous Words - - - - - 15 Rules for Using R and L - - - - - - - - - 16 The Aspirate, H - - 18 Phrasing ...........19 Initial R Hook 20 Initial L Hoolt 28 Grammalogues— The Tick " The " 28 Small Final Hooks 24 Large Final (Shon) Hook 26 Additional Sign for S and Z ------- 28 Proximity for "Of the" - - 29 The Circle S, Initial-Sw Circle 30 Circle S. Final 33 Distinction Between Circle and Stroke S - 34 Review Exercise ..-..------34 St Loop, Initial and Final 38 W and Y Coalescents .--------- 38 Vocalization of Pr and PI Series .-.---. 40 Halving Principle ....---.-. 43 Analysis of Halved Words-" Try" 4« Halved Strokes with N Hook --.-.--. 47 Exercise on the Grammalogues --..--.. 43 Phrasing and Phrases ---------- 49 PART n Business Letters and Advanced Dictation Exercises Business Letters - - - - - - - - - -51 Con, Com and Cog Principle .----... 55 Ttn Suggestions Concerning Speeding ...... 57 The Affix "Ing" 58 Grammalogues in Common Use ....... eo ContraclioLS Introduced ...-..-.. 61 Grammalogues Continued --------- 62 "My Dear Tom" 6i A Few Suggest'ons for Increasing Speed ----.. 66 Tick "The," Illustrated ......... 68 S-tion Affix 69 Double Length Principle - - 72 Contractions - - - - - ' • - - - - - 75 Exercise on the Contractions ..-...-. 77 Additional Exercise on the Contractions - • . - . - 78 448440 Mason's Complete Course PAGE The Last of the Grammalogues ....---- 80 Further Suggestions - - - - - - - - - 81 A List of Useful Business and Law Phrases 83 Compounds of Here, There and Where 84 Prefix In or Un ^6 Prefixes and Exercise .....---- 87 Affixes and Exercise ,.-----.-- g9 Joined Vowels ----------- 95 Words Which Must Always Be Vocalized 99 PART III Lkgai. Forms — Court Documents Court Documents --..---.--101 Complaint - - 103 Summons ..-..-.. - - 103 Endorsement of Complaint ..---- - - - 103 Answer ......--- - - 104 Verification ...--.--.-- 105 Affidavit • - - 106 Affidavit for a Commission -- - - - - - - -107 Order for a Commission ..----.--108 Commission ...........109 Interrogatories ....... ---IIO Notice of Trial - Ill Notice to Produce Papers ,------- 111 Special Term Older ---.---.--113 Judgment ---..-.-.. -113 Consent -.---. ....--]14 Petition 115 Brief - - - 117 Form of Prayer ......-.-.119 Introducing Evidence -....-...130 Title Page of Testimony 121 Directions for Taking lestimony -- - - - - - -133 Testimony ------ 133 Testimony of Patrick Ryan - - - - - - - - - 126 OTHER Legal Documents Will . . . • - 137 Conveyance by Deed --.-.... - - 129 Conveyance by Mortgage --.-----. 131 Bond 133 Greneral Assignment - - - - - - - . - 134 Lease - - - - -. - -. - - - - 135 Power of Attorney ---------- 136 Agreement ..----.-... 137 Agreement of Creditors --------- 138 Bond of Indemnity ---------- 139 Letters Relating to Law Work ------- 140 Latin Phrases and Definitions - - - - - - - - 147 Address by Ex-President Harrison ---.-.. X50 APPENDIX A Complete List of Contractions - - - - - - - 153 Intersected Words and Phrases (Shorthand) ----- 160 Business Phrases (Shorthand) -------- 163 SUGGESTIONS TO STUDENTS. 5 In taking" up the study of Phonograph}-, it should he dis- tinctly undei'stood that the art of modern shorthand writing is a science, and not a mere mechanical pi'ocess. Therefore, in studying the following Lessons, the student should note carefully the directions accompanying eacli Lesson. To secure the hest results, each principle as taken up should be thoroughly learned before the next Lesson is even glanced at. A Faber pencil No. 2 is recommended, and this should be held as when writing- longhand (but not in a cramped posi- tion), all practicing- being- done in a Reporter's Note Book. Each Exercise should be practiced as directed in Exercises 2 and 3. In many of the Lessons the same words will be found both in the longhand and shorthand Exercises, the object being to enable the student to verify his own work in a sufficient measure to get a very fair idea of his comprehension of the principles already learned. In practicing, do not write one outline many times and then do likewise with the next outline, but begin at the beginning of an Exercise and write each outline hut once, g-oing over the entire Exercise in this way manj'- times, until the student is sure the longhand words are properly formed in shorthand, and the shorthand outlines correctly written in longhand, and all firmly fixed in the mind. A well-known teacher has said : "It is better to practice often than to tire yourself by long sitting. A long practice is as much to be avoided as a long lesson. Thoroughness is g-ained by repeated and per- sistent application ; not by long- and exhausting efforts." The learner should confine his practice to the words con- tained in the various Exercises, for each word given is a representati ve one, and forms a guide to new outlines to be encountered after the student has completed the course of study marked out. It is well to remember that no out- line shown for a word in any of the earlier Lessons is difier- entl}' written later on, so that nothing has to be unlearned as the student proceeds, for only such words are given in each Lesson as belong- to the principle there set forth. It will be observed that in Lesson 12, and following, the student is directed to memorize certain " Grammalogues."' A Grammalogue is a word-sign, or short form for writing- frequently recurring- words. In longhand many are used, such as X for ten ; % for per cent; $ for Dollar, etc. In Phonography, not only the well-known word-signs in com- mon use in longhand are eraplo^^ed, but in addition to these, there are some 150 Grammalogues, composed entire!}' of shorthand outlines, such as v for I ; . for The, etc. A few of the commoner ones are g-iver. with each Lesson accompa- nied by practice sentences which should be written many times from dictation until the Grammalogues illustrated by them are so thoroughly learned that they can be written without hesitation the instant they are heard. A thorough knowledge of these, after learning the principles, will enable any one to write ordinary matter in shorthand, and to do easy amanuensis work, but too much cannot be said of the imperative necessity for making the Grammalogues literally a part of oneself, so that they may be almost unconsciously reproduced by the fingers the moment the sound of the spoken word reaches the ear. When the Business Letters are reached (Part II), the fol- lowing rules should be observed for practising same : 1 . After taking one Letter, or Exercise, from dictation, read it back very carefully. 2. Copy it again in shorthand, omitting all mistakes. 3. Make a list of the mistakes, whether of word-sign, phrase or ordinary outline. 4. Write an entire page, longhand and shorthand, of the correct outline for each mistake. • 5. Write the Exercise into longhand. 6. Write it back into shorthand without referring to the original dictation. Then compare it, word for word, with the original corrected shorthand copy. 7. Write the Exercise, by dictation, from ten to twenty- five times, each time faster than the last. 8. Write at least ten of the dictations into longhand, on the typewriter, or with pen or pencil. 9. Practice the next Exercise in the same manner, but not until the preceding one has been thoroughly mastered. 10. Write each Exercise from dictation until it can be written in the time specified. Note Do not fail to make a longhand transcript of every new dictation taken, and always read back from each dic- tation old and familiar matter, to avoid falling into the fatal error of careless writing of the shorthand characters, which will ineA^tably result in that greatest of shorthand evils, — the inability to read one's notes. LESSON 1. — THE PHONOGRAPHIC ALPHABET. 7 CONSONANTS . In writing English, and other languages, an alphabet is necessary. The 2b letters of the English Alphabet include both Consonants and Vowels. There are real- ly 24 Consonant and 12 Vowel sounds in constant use. Moreover .such sounds as ith.tchay,ish,etc . ,are not represenied in the English Alphabet by single letters, while a number of letters, like G,S,C, represent more than one sound. Hence, there is confusion. Phonogra- phy, or Phonetic Shorthand Writing, being based on the sounds used in speaking the English language.provides a separate letter, or stroke, for each of the 24 Con- sonant sounds. ^ These strokes are simply straight and curved geo- metric lines, arranged in a certain order so as to be the more easily memorized, thus. \|/ L( ^ J .^-^^^T^ Again, the letters of the English, or Longhand, Alpha- bet are not arranged in an orderly manner. Different sounds are uttered by different parts of the mouth, - P,B,lips; T,D, teeth, etc. In the Phonographic Alpha- bet the consonant sounds are arranged accordingly, thus, P,B;T,D;TCHAY,JAY;K,GAY;P,V;ITH,THEE:S.Z;ISH,ZHEE,etc. A consonant sound is either "soft" (whispered) , or "hard" (spoken). Thus, -P, s of t;B, hard; T,soft;D.hard,&c Soft sounds are represented in Phonography by lightly made strokes;, hard sounds by heavy strokes ; thus, P\ B \. The entire Alphabet of Consonants, given at the foot of this page, should be studied thus: Slowly and care- fully DRAW the letters in pairs in a Reporter's Note Book. one row of each pair, clear across the page. plac- ing the longhand at the beginning of each line, thus: Pb\ \\\\\ (Only 6 on a line) T D 1 I ' I I I (Not crowded together) TCHAY J / / / / / /(Uniform in height) K GAY - . etc.. until the entire Alphabet has been copied at least ten times. Repeat each ^cund aloud as the letter re- presenting it is drawn. Shade all heavy curved let- ters only in the middle, causing them to taper at both ends. Draw the strokes very slowly. The slower and more carefully the first lessons are practiced, the faster will tne student afterward be able to write. p\ b\ ;tIdI;TCHAy/j /;K GAY ;F^VV;ITH CtHEE V ; S J Z );ISHyZHEE^;M---EMP(MB).— v;Nw^ING^^^.L/fap);R^; R(ut))^^;WAY(up) ^^;YAY(up) ^\W (down) ,HAY(up) ^hay,as in why. WL KW(qu)<:: — kway, " quire. WHL GW{gu)<:^ gway, " anguish. MP ^ wel,as in will, whel, " while. emp(emb)as in amber. L downward, made heavy, represents^he Double Conso- nant LR in a very few woi-dSjthus,^ as in color ^&c. LESSON 3. 9 COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS. Two or more consonants may bo written together to form words, as in longhand, and when so combined they should be written without lifting the pencil,-* the second beginning where the first ends, the third' being continued from the end of the second, etc. When a horizontal is joined to a downward stroke, tthe horizontal should not rest on the line; thus, Ln f; ~7 k ch; noTITL^. ,. ^., (In the combinations giVen^in lines 5 and 6, and all similar ones, the first stroke rests upon the line, and the se.cond is written below). L,when joined to another letter, may be written either upward or downward , thus , ^T l(dGwn),V/ f l(up;. Exercise 2. - JOINED COf^ONANTS. Write the longhand letters after the shorthand, &s in line 1 (also in all subsequent exercises) repeat- ing aloud the name of each consonant as made. 1. ^^ — pk, \kp, ' — tk, ' kt, L — - tra, I mt, v— Nbm, vrxrn 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ^ >^.^^V.Sv_y nn, ,-->^--—^ mm. Occasionally Ish, when -joined to another conso- nant, may be written upward; thus, /^ ish l(up); but when standing alone, ish is alv/ays written downward, while L alone is alv/ays written upward. Exercise 4. R AJJD TCHAY COIIBINATIONS. Write the longhand letters' after the shorthand, as in the preceding Exercise. Exercise 5. MISCELLANEOUS COMBINATIONS. "^ ri/1 / \ i/^n ^v^ '^TJ LESSON 5. VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS. 11 There are six long and six short vowels in the English language. These are expressed in Phonography by light and heavy dots and dashes, representing the long and short sounds. A vov/el may be placed at the beginning , middle or end of a consonant (these three positions being called respectively "first", "second" and "third"), and on either side, as occasion requires. They are as follows: LONG VOWELS . Sound. Sign. AH ■ as m pa. a A ♦ i ■ gave. e EE -' « me. i AW i ■ all. • 6 OH -j ■ those. u 00 ^; * spoons. 00 SHORT VOWELS. Sound. Sign. as in that. " pen. • is. " not. ■ much. " good. The order of the simple vo\vels may be remembered by saying: - Long Vowels, - Pa gave me all those spoons. Short Vowels,- That pen is not much good. Exercise 6. PRACTICING THE VOWELS. Practice the followir^ exercise over many times, repeating each outline aloud as written, until all are perfectly committed to memory. (Do not allow vowels to touch consonants.) i.\ \ v I- L /■ / / _ V 3. e ^ L. c c- c )■ )• } y~ y^ Practice the followipg dijhfchongs same as vowels: in my. OW a in now. 01 I in oil. U '^ in new. Write I & CI in first, and OW & U in third position. 12 LESSON 6. PLACES 0? THE VOWELS. WORDS. Vowels that fj^e written at the comriencemenf of a consonant, as ah, aw, are called first position vowels; vowels that are~"vrTtten in the middle of a consonant, as ft. oh, second position vowels ; and vowels that are wrirren~at the end of a consonant, as £e, oo, third po- sition vowels. ■ Write a dash vowel always at riight an - gles to its consonant. (Do not speak of first place vowels as at the 'top*, or third place vowels as at the "bottom' of a consonant. ) Vowels placed on the LEFT side of an upright or sloping letter, or above a horizontal one, are read before the consonant; and vowels placed on the RIGHT side of an upright or sloping letter, or below a hori- zontal one, are read after th^ consonant; thus, I at; —5— .ache; ), see; -^^^ no; x^rue. ENTIRE WORDS are witten in different positions, namely, above, on, or through the line, and when so placed, are said to be written in first, second or third 'position. These positions are determined by the vowel in the word, or, where.. there are more than one, by the accented vowel; thus ,.\..pa, first position;.\*..pay, second position; and...\..^... pea, third position. Horizontal consonants (unless joined to other strokes) are writ- ten in only two places; viz., above a nd on the line, the latter being used for both second aM third posi- tions; thus ,.t!^Ama,first;,-rr5::>inay,second;>s^. knee, third position.' LONG VOWELS MD DIPHTHONGS . (Write each word first in shorthand, then in long- hand, observing carefully the positions of. the words, - above, on or through the line.) 1. / /• _. ^ 1 rr,^^^. /' 2. 3 > -I I- < (- -I I- ^ ^ .L..X c 3. V V ^' ^ c r )- ). L .^...Y.. L- A y J^ J ^-^ ^ ^ ^* ^^ /^ NOTE. Indicate proper names in Phonography thus: /-Joe. Exercise 8. LONG AND SHORT VOWELS Al^ID DIPHTHONGS. (Write each word first in longhand, then in shorthand, in its proper position. 1. Baa, pa, ma, Shah, at. am, ash, add, why, by, ice, die, thy. 2 . Aid , day , ache , e ight ,y ea , they ,gay , fay , ebb , edge , egg . 3. Bee, thee, knee, eve, fee, each, she, pea, imp itch. 4 . Gnaw, i aw, maw, cav;, paw, saw, odd , cf r .dock ,bcy , oil , j oy . 5. So, oak, beau, Jce, foe, know, Cc- , up, us, shcw,Po. 6. Do, woo, ceo, pooh, shoe, ooze, Si cux, thou. vow, pew, use. LESSON 7. A VOWEL BETWEEN TWO CONSONANTS. 13 (Long Vowels. ) Vowels frequently occur betwe en consonants. The pu- pil should memorize the following kUL'^S for writing LONG VOWELS when so occurring. 1. FIRST AND SEC0r:D.Pl5cB LONG VOWELS occurring between two strcKe.-consonants are wrrtien after tfce first stroke; as, I— talk . MOT L. ;/'^rake, NOT/ 2. THIRD PLACE LONG VOWELS occurring between two stroke consonants are, written BEKORE the SECOND stroke. as 1^. team, NOT U^ ;. J. teach. NOT J. - Thus: Long Vowels' Places. Exercise 9. To be written into longhand. Write each word in its proper position, thus: 1.. tame. beak, pall^... L..code, .^^_/i>eal. . \^ V v^ V r k^ i/^^ ^ S K ^ < V^rite into "Vonghand tKese Sentences: NOTE: A dot abdve the line represents the article "a*, a« Exercise 10. To be written into shorthand. (Observe carefully the positions of the words.) 1. Palm, balm, calm, wade, gate, name, keep, page. 2. Tape, shape, shame, faith, vague, make, fade, date. 3. Beach, deep, cheap,beat, thief , feed, beam, theme. 4. Folk,hawk(downirard h), bought, talk, chalk. 5. Both, comb, boot, foam, cheek, joke, boat, daub. 6. Pood, move, tonib, coop, tooth, dame, paid, dome. in writing words of two or more strokes in position, the first upward or downward stroke should be written above, on or through the ^line to indicate 1st, 2nd oi>3rd pos i ti on, thus : X'^^^ ^v-^^-^ ■y.Vr 14 LESSON 8. A VOWEL BETWEEN TWO CONSONANTS. (Continued.) (Short Vowels.) Rules for writing SHORT VOWELS when they occur BETWEEN two consonants; 1.- FIRST PLACE SHORT VOWELS occurring between two str.cke ccnscnants arewritton after, the first stroke: as L_ tack.NOI L_ ;/ rack, NOT /^. '2. SECOND and "THIRD" PLACE SHORT VOWELS, when cccur- ring between two stroke ccnscnants are written BEFORE the SECOND consor^nt; as "T^get,NOT^ ;.|_V^..dim,NOT(^_^^ Short Vowels' Places. 3, l.-^iRat./^lrut.^X^jwrit; Cmonth; •• [cooked. 2 ." .... Manna ,,—^j..^ money , , -.Minnie ^ . . .'^'Notoriety . Exercise 11. (Transcrihe into Longhand, observing Position.) Exercise 12. (Write into Shorthand, observing Position.) 1. Back, bag, batch, sham, pang, cap, tack, match, rnap. 2. Check, deck, gem, jet, bet, web, peck, red, debt, fed. 3. Pip, bib, tick, tip, kick, kid, jig, fib, took, chip. 4.Bog, dock, dog, Tom, fog, chop, pod nod, got, top. 5. Cup,mont?i, chum, muff , tuck, dug, dumb, gum, rnian. 6.Push,buoh,cook,book, shook, hook (down h), 7 .Tom boi;(ght a big dog a month ago at*the show. NOTE: A dot on the line represents the article "the* 1. 2. Exercise 13. Miscellaneous. Bxerc 'cise 14. ' ■' f !• Chide, chid, shabby, do, dew, pike, pick, mercy. 2. Naughty, knotty, cap, boat ,butt,widow, Monday, Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 15 DICTATION EXERCISES. LONG AND SHORT VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS. The following Exercises should be written first slowly and carefully into shorthand, then more and more quickly, until they can be taken down from dictation at a rapid rate. The first few times the vowels should all be inserted, but they should be gradually dropped, and when writing from dictation all vowels may be omitted, excepting where otherwise directed. Be careful to write all words strictly in position. When there is more than one vowel, the position is determined by the ar^(?«/(fflf vowel, i. e., the one on which greatest emphasis is put when speaking the word ; thus, no-to-ri'-e-ty ; e-quip' ; Al-a-ba'-ma. There are certain words which can always be written without vowels after they have been once learned with the the vowels, no matter how slowly or quickly the writing is done. Some of these are written in their proper positions ; others, to avoid conflict with similar outlines, are written out of their regular positions. In the following Exercises, all words which are to be written without vowels in their proper positions are printed in italics ; while those unvocalized words which are to be written out of their proper positions, are printed in small capital LETTERS. The figures alongside the words refer to their positions, above, on or through the line. Go, Gay^ In, «» Will, wl^ You, Diphthong in Have, z/* It, t- Your, 7?' {down) I. See my dog eat. 2. will your dog bite? 3. Keep YOUR dog away. 4. I will show you my knife. 5. You m,ay keep IT. 6. *Tom may see us. 7. Do you know Tcm? 8. I saw Jack in thef boat at the dock. 9. Have you a+ match? 10. I saw a big bug go tip the window. *Indicate proper names as shown in Lesson 6. (See opposite page. JSee Lesson 7. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. Take care to write each of the following in the position of the accented vowel or syllable. I. Unpaid. 2. Bank. 3. Package. 4. Money. 5. Fact. 6. Attacji. 7. Time. 8. Bottom. 9. Wealth, 10. Month. 11. Monday. 12. Fetch. 13. County. 14. Agency. 15. Copy. 16. Kffect. 17. Judged. 18. Man- age. 19. Minute. 20. Duty. 21. Tennessee. 22. Cheyenne. 23. Chicago. 24. Tacoma. 25. Topeka. 26. Wheeling. 27. Montana. 28. Nevada. 29. Poughkeepsie. 30. Utah ( yay,t). ^^ RULES FOR USING R MD L, ifilTIALLY AND FINALLY. R. 1. ALWAYS use the upward stroke when a word Tjegins with R; thus -<^ wrath. (No exception. ) 2. ALWAYS use the upward Stroke when a word ends with R followed by a sounded vowel; thus •; — ^' carry. 3. GENERALLY use the downward stroke when a word ends with R; thus, ^ure, (except aflter allu.pward straight strokes, as in -<-^are , ^-^wor e , " /< ^ -^- \A C^ Kf- \S ^^ V Exercise 19. 1. Ore, array, era, row, rue, raid, rap, wreak, wreath. 2. Alum, ill, kill, forth, followed, along .earthly, 3 .Pore , carry , mayor ,morrow, leer , fear , ferry . 4. Gaily, Nellie, elk, elbow, la'jgh, toll, quire, query. 5. Rope, rang, lamb, pare, limb, loom, lamp, pomp, thump. 6. Fail, fell, fall, fallow, fellow, reel, roll,roe. 7. Arch, porch,perch, torch, march, urge , charge . Exercise 20* RECREATION. 1. I I I ' 2. 3. .•'_^'/0' 1 va' i ' wore a merino robe a/ the picnic. 9. it may BE a month ere WE see the ship. 10. go along the shore where they saw the big wreck a month ago. i i . Watch Harry {up h) catch a big fish {up ish). 11. wiLi, you carry my oar IN your boat ? MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. Use the upward R or L in the middle of a word, unless otherwise directed. I. March. 2. Forth. 3. Mirth. 4. Melody. 5. Fol- lowed. 6. \]nVik& {I down). 7. Acquire {kw, R^) 8. Afar. 9. Affair. 10. Affirm {R down). 11. Appear. 12. Arena. 13. Argue. 14. Arid. 15. Bulk. 16. Aroma. 17. Arrive. 18. Arrear {two downward R' s^) . 19. Assure. 20. Bear. 21. Bar. 22. Locate. 23. Park." 24. Calamity. {down L). 25. K\2.xvQ. {R down). 26. Aluminum. 27. Alive. 28. Alkali. 29. Annulling {down L). 30. Appeal. 31. Avail. 32. Awful. 33. Value. 34. Allied 35. Allowed.. 36. Allude. 37. Almanac. 38. Along {down L). 39. Also. 40. Alum. 41. Annual. 42. Awhile {wh, down L). 43. Poorly {dowji R, up I). 44. Purely {tip R, up I). 45. Bearer {b, two upward R' s) . 46. Barely {like poorly). 47. Barrel {up r, down L). 48. Jan- uary. 49. Delaware {d, up /, way, up r). 50. Alabama. 51. Albany. 52. Atlanta. 53. Louisville {up /, v, down L). 54. Milwaukee 55. Omaha {h down). 56. Wyoming. 57. Newark {down R). 58. Iowa. *The diphthong 1 may be joined initially to/, /, d. k,J, », ith, s, s, ish, «/. »/> I. When joining xo k, tH and /, use ihc^rst half only of the diphthong. . , . . 18 LESSON 10. THE ASPIRATE, H. When H begins a word, fall owed by K or GAY, always use the downward stroke, thus/1 hack, z_ hag. ^ Also when it is the only consonant in a word, thus / Mgh, /-hoe. Write the upward stroke for H when it begins a word followed by P.B,T,D,CH,J,F,V.ITH,THEE.ISH,ZHEE,lf.ING, upward R, upward H, way and yay, thus: <7-you like the toothache? No, ma'am*. 2. The tug boat may leave early ; Tom will- be in the ship. 3. Toil while\ you-may. 4. Here WE-are at-length. 5. WE- wiLL ere long be at the top. 6. Ha ! Ha ! I-have you here. WE like ham at home, hominy also. 8. You-are a handy fellow a/-any-time. 9. If I-had half (/^) your wealth, I'd (J,d^) be happy. 10. Keep your head in the hammock. 11. I hear a rap a/ the door, MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Abhor. 2, Hitch. 3. Armhole {aspirate dot). 4. Hemp. 5. Upheaval {p, up h, v, down L). 6. Hurl, 7. Hemlock. 8. Haddock {up h). 9. Ahead. 10. Hearth. (up h, up r). II. Alcohol {aspirate dot). 12. Helena. 13 Elihu {down h). 14. Nehemiah (rf^z^'w A), 15. Mohawk {down h). 16. Sahara {down h). 'The apostrophe is not used in Phonography. Write m, m for "ma'am." fWliile, wh! douMe consonant . "TT^ LESSON 11. ^^ THE INITIAL R HOOK. When two vowels (or consonants) are spoken toge- ther so as to seem as one, the sound thus produced is called a diphthong. The consonant diphtliongs which are formed by the union of the simple consonants with R, as in •better', 'brow*, "try", "from", etc., are express- ed in shorthaH3~by prefixing a small hook to the LEFT side of straight letters, thus, Pr A ,br \ ;tr I ,dr.1 ;chr / ^jr / ;krc — ,grc — . A small hook adds R to curves; thus, Fr' 'L.vr^;thr C ,THR ( ;shry,zhrj ;rttr.:^,mpick--y;Y)r ^__^ ngr (or ngkr)«^ . thus . \^^anker . (See Foot of page.) In drawing these hooked cui'ves, the following;, simple rhyme will be found helpful: •On strokes that curve, by this abide; A hook is always turned inside. • As downward R with a hook R, and S with a hook R, are not required, fr, vr, thr, THR, have duplicate signs for convenience in joining; thus. Duplicate fr; Duplicate vr; Duplicate thr; Duplicate THR. ^ ^ Exercise 23. '' ^ (In words composed only of Fr,vr,thr, or THR and a vowel, use the DUPLICATE- sign when the vowel FOLLOWS: the other when the vowel PRECEDES the consonant; as ^. free; a other.) \ \ \ V ]^^ ^ ^ ^ 1. r ■ L u uu r 1- u u, 'L ^ k- c < i 1 \ 1 > 2 Exercise 24. (Write the following words a'cccrding to the Rules given on the opposite page.) 1. Friday/fraud, freak, froth, frame, proffer. 2. Wafer, paver, braver, diver, cover, favor. 3. Weaver, virtue, throb, thread, thrum, Arthur. 4. Bather, tether, gather, leather, hither, • finer. 5. Pusher, dasher, fisher, finisher, polisher. 6. Treasure, measure, calmer, hammer, manner. 7. Anger, amber, coffer, mover, lever, brother. Hold up RIGHT Hand with first finger bent, and the outline of t_r will be seen; by turnins the hand s round in the following positions ^ \U ^ all the co sonantal diphthongs of the pr series are shown. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 21 R HOOK. Write ish down except when otherwise directed. Over, original vr^. Were, wr^ , {up). I. J/y drum WILL beat your harp. 2. Look ovKR the river a/ the lovely beech tree. 3. "Drink, pretty creature, (^r, /, down R) drink." 4. The hungry {tip h, ing r hook) tramp bought a cranberry pie at the bridge. 5 . Show forth (/, up r, ith) true charity in-your life. 6. The choir were paid by the month. 7. The oak tree, the elm, also the hem- lock, make a refreshing shade. 8. I saw the carriage ap- proach {pr, ch) the manor at 3 P. M. {longhand initials). Rules for joining the original and duplicate forms of fr, vr, thr and thr to other consonants : Use the original fr and vr with all .downward straight and curved strokes, as in paver, braver, tougher, driver, which- ever, favor, soever, shaver. Use the duplicate fr or vr with all horizontal and upward strokes, thus, coffer, giver, lever, mover, river, wafer, freak, frame, etc. Use the original thr and thr with /, d, ch, and j, as in tether, each-other, etc. With all other 'strokes use the duplicate, as in bother, gather, leather, wither thrum, Arthur, brother, etc. MISCELLANEOUS W^ORDS. I. Apprehend (a.y/>z>a/'(? Dot). 2. Neighborhood (.Jizwf: . 3. Accrue. 4. Acre. 5. Aggregate. 6. Agree. 7. Alter- nate. 8. Amateur. 9. Approach. 10. April. 11. Author. 12. Baker. 13. Battery. 14. Negro. 15. Democracy. 16. Traitor. 17. Honor. 18. Breath. 19. Throb. 20. Farmer {up R). 21. Anarchy {nr, k). 22. Astronomy. 23. Energy {nr, j). 24. Propriety. 25. Property {i>r,p, up r, t). 26. Improper {m, pr, pr). 27. Prior. 28. Pres- sure {pr, shr). 29. Proper. 30. Endeavor. 31. Truly. 32. Orthography {up r). 33. Murmur. 34. Brewery. 35. Denver. 36. New Hampshire {Joifi the diphthong U to N for '' New''). 37. New Jersey (r ^^). 38. Harbor (/zV^/i). 39. Harder {tick h). 40. Thinker, 41. Tinker. 42. Friday. Note. — Although the rule for writing the stroke L at the beginning of a word requires it to be written dcmmivard when it is both preceded by a vowel and followed bp a horizontal cott- sonant. the upward L must be used if the horizontal stroke is ho6\s.eA initially; SiS in alleg-m, alacrity. 22 LESSON 12. INITIAL HOOK, ADDING L. The consonant diphthongs formed by the addition of L to other consonant sounds, as in 'bottle', ''blow*, 'apple', etc., is expressea by prefixing a sraallTiook to IHe RIGHT side of straight letters; thus, \ PI, \-tl-, ^ tl, f dl; / chl, / jl,— kl.^ gl ^ u ^ A LARGE hook acMs L to curves; thus, FlL,vlVL;thlC,THLC;shl(down)^,shl{up)cy';inlc^.nlc_^ When speaking of these double consonants, they should be pronounced as one s ound ; thus , 1 should not be called 't.r', but 'ter';\'per'; l 'tel'A'pel^; etc., for if you call \p,l, v is meant; you should say 'pel'. Exercise 25. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 8. 7. X "^ V --^ Exercise 26. 1. Clinker, anchorage, flow, flee, flap, flabby'. 2« Arrival , penal , tunnel , play , ply , apple, chapel . 3. -Flitch, f lag, flesh,flarae, floor, flower, feeble. 4. Inflame, inflate, Ihflict, bevel, devil,'bleat. 5. Bushel, of ficial,martial,partial, initial, trifle. 6. Funnel , eternal , channel , venal , f laj-inel , couple . 7. Plea, pluck, plum, people, pupil, tipple, flood. 8. Blue .blight, bleach, black, blame, pebble, baffle. SPECIAL WORD-SIGNS, or "GRMIMALOGUES*. (For explanation of the following, and directions for practice see opposite pagej After studying the foregoing, write an entire page of each of the following Word- signs, longhand and short- hand; then write into shorthand.and hack into longhand several times. the sentences given in the Exercises illustrating these Granmalogues. He I.; Who./ (made downward );n„^ Thing. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 23 L HOQK. GRAMMALOGUES. Every letter in the Phonographic Alphabet is made to represent an entire word. Thus, the first place light dot, a, written above the line, stands for the article a or an ; the third place heavy dot, ee, written on the line, stands for fhe ; Fon the line stands for /lave ; g-aj above the line for g-o, etc. With each lesson the pupil should memorize a few of these Letttr- words, or Grammalogues, until the entire list is perlectly familiar. They are absolutely essential for the rapid writing of shorthand, and so should be practiced, a page of each, longhand and shorthand, and reviewed frequently. Practice, ///) ^a^ an admirable {up r) daughter. 5. TJie ship lay at anchor in- the bay. 6, While riding through-the tunnel, I saw a blue flame. 7. He read a valuable paper at-the. club. 8. The blackberry (up r) hung ripe <^'-the road, while the boy looked longingly at it. 9. We may travel by boat or by rail. 10. Show him the thing you took. MISCRLLANEOUS WORDS. I. Legible. 2. Affirmatively (/, f down, tn, t, v, I hook). 3. Amic- ably. 4. Ample {m pi). 5. Angle. 6. Apply. 7. Approval. 8. Ar- rival. 9. Audible. 10. Bashful. 11. Plural {tip r). 12. Crackle. 13. Playwright. 14. Clerical. 15. Implacable, ift Diplomacy. 17. Radi- cal. 18. AflFable. 19. Infidel. 20. Laughable. 21. Miracle {up r). 22. Voluble. 23. Paternal. 24. Trouble. 25. Favor. 26. Prepared {pr, p,up r, d). 27. Employ (w//^/). 28. Reply. 29. Owner. 30. Oblige. 31. Unable. 32. Cling. 33. Comical. 34. Technical. 35. Enamel. 36. Un- able. 37. Durable. 38. Healthful. 39. Manageable. 40. Dutiful. 41. Ignoble. 42. Incredible. 43. Gamble. 44. Nerve. 45. Bridle. 46. Shackle (up ish). 47. Movaljle. 48. Impartial {mp, up r,up shl). 49. Inevitable. 50. Wrinkle. 51. Equivocal. 52. Florida {upr). 53. Avail- able (^r^/ / ^oze/wze/arrf). 54. V&hiahle {;first I upward). 55. Machinery ( r hook on n ). ^^ LESSON 13. SMALL FINAL HOOKS. Both ends cf a stroke may be "hocked". Of the ini- tial hocks, explained in the two preceding Lessons, the R hook occurs by far the more frequently. Remember, then, that -the most i'requently used FINAL Hook. representing N is written on the same side of a straight stroke as the most freiquent INITIAL Hook, namely', the K Hook sid§; thus Pn H tn J J , chn /, tip r, k) ? At Trenton Washington rowed through-Xhe. ice to-the other shore. Do only one thing at a time and do it well. 12. I- will try to-do right and earn my money like a true man. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Affirmative {down r). 2. Negative. 3. Defective (_/" hook), 4. Rough. 5. MufiF. 6. Life. 7. Pave. 8. Active. 9. Activity. 10. I-eaf. II. Laugh. 12. Arrive. 13. Move. 14. Knave. 15. Enough. 16. Locomotive. 17. Bravery (& Aoo^). 18. Frenchman. 19. Economical (/&, « hook, m, kl). 20 Again. 21. Alderman. 22. Attain. 23. Attain- able (« stroke). 24. Awaken. 25. Barn. 26. Bean. 27. Beaten. 28. Forma, tive {down r). 29. Attractive. 30. Autograph. 31. Begin. 32. Above. 33. Marine. 34. Ravine. 35. Mine. 36. Coffin. 37. Wan. 38. Noun. 39. Oven. 40. Bane. 41. Pain. 42. Gin. 43. Tyranny 44. Wooden. 45. Pigeon. 46. Kitten. 47. Launch. 48. Clean. 49. Auburn {up r). 50. Luncheon. 51. Gladden. 52. Coin. 53. Ripen. 54. Dungeon {d, n stroke, j, n hook). 55. Broken. 56. Monarch (w, n hook, R down). 57. Balloon. 58. 'Rr&nc\\{n stroke). 59. Known. 60. Heathen. 61. Legion. 62. June. 63. Trenton {tt, stroke n, t, n hook). 64. Washington. 65. Maine. 66. Michigan. 67. Oregon. 68. Happen and Manhattan {aspirate dot). 69. Runner (« A(?o/; upr). 70. Vanish («/ mA). 71. .ad- journ {j with r and n hooks). 72. Arrange (downward r, « hook). 73. Minute {stroke n). 74. Woolen (double consonant wl, n hook). 75, Meanwhile {stroke n). 76. Agency {stroke n). *When Phrasing him, always vocalize it with a single third position light dot. 26 LESSON 14. THE SKON (-TION) HOOK. A lar^e final hook represents the termination tion,-siari,-shion,-cion,-sion,etc. (pronounced "shon*). This hook is added to both strai^t and ciirved strokes. It may be written on either sTde of a straight line under certain restrictions, viz: 1, When at the end of a straight stem which be- gins with a hook (or other prefix \y),or springs from a curveV ^^'7^^^ i^ Of^ t-he opposite side thus, ''V op- press Ion, NOT o ;VL__3yacat i on ;/C^ location, NOT Vlp A^, that the straightness of the entire orrbline may be preserved. 2. If it occurs on a simple straight stem, not preceded by a curve or prefix of any kind, place the shon hook always on, the side opposite the vowel , or ac- cented vowel, thus,^ passion;A^ option?\^ operation; \/0 Persian.. (The only exception to this rule is when shon fol- lows t,d orjjin which case the hook is always turned to the RIGHT side, thus, u addition, \ petition.) The shon hook may be added to curi^d letters by writing it (like all the other hooks) on the inside "; thus,vj:) nation, ^70 motion, /C^ lotion. This hook also. may be used to advantage when the syllable -tion comes in the middle of a word; thus, ^O^ missionary, N passionate, \ petitioner. 1. Exercise 29. u Exercise 30. 1. Vis ion, col lee tion, caution, miss ion, termination. 2. Education, perfection, derision, visionary, division. 3 . Pr ovis i onal , educati onal , di c ti onary , enumerati on. 4. Allegation, elocution, location, revelation, national. 5. Formation, session, auctioneer, avers ion, navigation. Grammalogues and Sentences. On ; For.-v,..; CanTTT...; From.'TX... 1. Do-you feel weary enough to lie ON-the beach? 2. FOR if- you do, I-CATi watch over you and keep you FROM harm. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 27 SHON HOOK. I. May WE 00 to see-ihe. American {upward r) legation at Berlin? 2. I apprehend {pr, n, d) he will show IT to-you. 3. Keep YOUR money IN -the bank where it - may -b^ had upon application (//, k,-tion). 4. I-fail to ^^^ ze/^j^' /^^ wa^<7-you feel weary enough to lie on-the beach? 8. For if- you do, lean watch OVER you and keep you from harm. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. 1. Action. 2. Attraction. 3. Apportion. 4. Approbation. 5. Ar- tesian. 6. Assumption. 7. Auctioneer. 8. Navigation {-Hon under g)- 9. Hessian («^ A). 10. Visionary. 11. Election. 12. Fusion. 13. Traditional (/ down). 14, Vacation. 15 Rational {-Hon above r). 16. Notation. 17, Rotation. 18. Intimation. 19. Benediction. 20. Collision {up I). 21. Division. 22. Mansion. 23. Cushion. 24. Dimension. 25. Pension. 26. Version. 27. Session. 28. Omission. 29 Permission. 30. Probation. 31. Edification. 32. Commissioner {k, m, -Hon, rdown). 33. Amplification {;n,pl, f, k, -Hon). 34. Verification {vr, f, k, Hon). 35. Location. 36. Vocation. 37. Litigation. 38. Obligation (//ro prescription, etCj, , J: \) t- » Exercise 33. U t->, Ir^ ^-: W^-^ 1^ 7l i \ .^ L Exercise 34. l.Prosper,bowstring,Caspar,gossiper,lisper,rasper. 2. Pas try,whis per, bestr6w,bicycle, outs trip, outstretch. ^ GRAMm^OGUES AND SENTENCES. , / ,Think..L.;Should ^-(up);Put .\... ;AlLl-(down) ;ThemA ;Much./... l.Do-you like coffee or tea?I- THINK I SHOULD MUCH prefer tea. 2. I-THINK I saw. THEM on-the boat. S.Polly PUT the kettle on, we'll ALL take tea. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 29 MEDIAL S. When the expression " of the'' occurs between two other words, it is omitted entirely, and the two words between which it occurs are written as closely together as possible, or " ap- proximated." How, diphthong ow' I Blessed ARE-the meek. 2. The insulation {0/ the) electric {tip I) wire will keep it from doing harm. 3. Will you allow MK to ride on your bicycle? 4. How-long d?i7-you imagine it-will (/, up'ivardl') take to learn? {up I, tipr, n hook). 5 Only a mouth or so. 6. iF-you and I disagree, the^i who will-be to blame ? 7. Every person will do well to heed the Bible. 8. " Get a passion for reading. Read closely, wisely, analyzing (w, L, s, ing), every expression and laying it up for use IN- YOUR memory. So will your wisdom be both exten- sive {ks. A ns, v) and useful'' {s,Ji). 9. " Learn to admire rightly ; narrow men admire basely and worship meanly" {m n, L). 10. I-think I saw them on-the boat. 11 Do-you like coffee OR tea ? I-think I should prefer {pff r) tea. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Inspire. 2. Exception {-tiunon left side). 3. Legislation. 4. Exag- geration. 5. BfK.\.&nsi\&(stroke n). 6. Winconsin. 7. Examiner (yfej, tn nhook, R). 8. Exemption {omit the p). 9 Vessel. 10. Indescribable. 11. Paterson. 12. Absorb. 13. Obstruction. 14. Apostle (p s I). 15. Youngstown. 16. Tricycle. 17. Discourage. 18. Illustration. 19. Discourtesy. 20. Vicinity. 21. Passaic. 22. Brisk. 23. Expressman. 24. Deceive. 25. Abstain. 26. Accede. 27. Accustom. 28. Admissible. 29 Ad- versely (a^ t'r5 Z,). 30. Ambassador (wd 5 '. 19. Citizen. 20. Sojourner {sjr, nr). 21. Savannah. 22. Somerville (s, m, up r, v, down I). 23. South Dakota. 24. Desire. 25. Cincinnati. 26 Sunday. 27. Newspaper. 28. Saturday. 29. Swoon. 30. Swap. 31. Swagger. 32. Swede. 33. Swanee. 34. Swell. 35. Swathe. 36. Swan. 37. Swim. 38. Swimmer. 39. Swallow. 40. Swamp. 41. Swarm. 42. Sweep. 43 Sweet 44. Swerve («^r, vhook). 45. Swing. 46. Swiss. 47. Sworn (down r). 48. Savage. 49- Sultry. ^2 LESSON 17. THE CIRCLE S,- FINAL. When S or Z is the LAST sound in a word, it is expressed by a small final circle on the RIGHT side of a perpendicular stroke, and on the corresponding side' of any other straight letter; also on the inside of all curved strokes; thus: As in"^ pace, ^ wise, L- tease, V:^ face,vy> nose. The following will aid the memory: "On strokes that cimre, by this abide: ..All hooks and circles turn inside." Final S irrmediately following N is combined with the Hook .on straif^t strokes by CLOSING, the Hook, thus, pain,^ pains; J dines, cttt> grains ,/4/ re turns ,^--^earns On, Curved strokes, write, the Circle S INSIDE the Hooks thus Vs heaven, Vs heavens ; summons ;^_5' nouns, ^^3 visions. Also INSIDE F Hock on straight strokes, thus X puffs REfffiMBER THAT THERE IS NO F OR V HOOK TO CURVfeS. A Large Circle expressesr^he syllable "ses" either Medially or Final ly, thus "l exist, "X, excessive: >r races; X) passes": with N HOOK: ^7 chances, -.^cleanses. But not when N follows a curved stroke, thus /^ lances. REflEMBER in studying this lesson that the Final Circle S is_ ALWAYS read LAST, thus ,\'pus5 .Write •pussy"thu3,\ ,. , . , , Exercise 37. lA ^ i- ^ I / 3. J~ /• ^— 1> "C }• .^ Aa i ^ ^. Exercise 38. l.Base, eats , sheaves , cause , oaks , thaws , shows , alms . 2. Mace, nose, lace, laws, ears, rose, yours, brains, dance. 3. Cleanse, fines, nouns , lines , earns ,brief s , cuffs . 4.Serves , applause, cases ,darices , chances ,necessity . 5. Instances, glances, necessary, subsistence, decisive. 6.Miss, Misses, distances, masses, possessive, business. , Grammalogues and Sentences. • Shall_./; Our .^^. (up); But..i...; My.T^;Is o; Advantage.." 1. SHALL we say 'I-ara unable to labor through my task"? 2. No: BUT it-IS to-0l3R ADVANTAGE to-do our task well. NOTE. Form plurals of Grammalo^^ues by adding the circle s; thus. Thing w^ , "Things d^ ; Think ( ; Thinks 4 » etc. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 33 FINAL CIRCLE S. Final s, following n, is always expressed after a straight stroke by closing the n hotJk, as in pains, assurance, dispense, etc. The circle s must be placed inside of the n hook after curved strokes, as in fans, nozins, peins, etc. After both straight and curved strokes, the circle s is placed inside the -/ion hook, as in passions, notions, etc. In using the large ses circle, it is not necessary to vocalize it when it represents the syllable ses, as in passes, laces, cases ; but the vowel must be inserted in all other cases, as exercise {diphthong I inside of large circle^, axis, exhaustive, etc. Our, up r^ This, ith^. s circle December, d s circle, tn^ I. \-\ii\\pay my fines and dues in a few days. 2. If -yon agree to-this, please see your lawyer {up I, dow7i r) soon and advise {d, v stroke, s circle) as-to possible action in July. 3. Please go and see John Smiih of Yonkers {yay, ng, r hook circle s') and ask him to write as - soon - as- possible* 4. Marine animals live iN-the sea. 5. Will you join our pirty? Yes. if you-v^')\\ allow me to-do so. 6. " Beauty is a fairy ; she hides in a flower cup or beneath a leaf, or creeps into-(w, /•)-the ivy on-the wall, and plays among-the sunbeams, OR laughs otit from a vivacious and youthful {ith,fl) face." 7. Uucle Benjamin Green will-be at-the house on Sunday. He WILL then leave for Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, Texas, Missouri, Mississippi and-the-South. He will return by -the tenth {10 and ith) of December, and will remain here OVER Christmas {kr, s, m, s). As-soon-as the holidays are over he WILL sail for China and Japan, and will-be gone for three YEARS. In all THIS time he will travel many miles, visit m.^ny strange scenes and bring back trunks full {down I) of antique and valuable mementoes {n stroke). Success io-him.^ Bon voyage. *Large initial circle on n, s circle, p, circle s. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS I. Success. 2. Successful {down I). 3. Successfully, 4. Successive. 5. Successively. 6. Successor («/> r). 7. Successes. 8. Pace. 9. Face. 10. Pains. II. Fans. 12. Abhorrence («/> A). 13. Absence. 14. Allowance. 15. Amanuensis (;«, n, ft, ses). 16. Ambitious. 17. Dispense. 18. Amuse. 19. Anxious. 20. Business. 21. Across. 22. Address. 23. Adherence {up r). 24. Perseverance (5^ f drup). 25. Advice. 26. Apologize. 27. Apparatus. 28. Appearance. 29. Disappearance. 30. Appraise. 31. Assistance. 32. Assurance. 33. Authorize {ith. up r, s). 34. Balance. 35. Eloquence («/> /). 36. Barbarous (d, r, <^, r, 5). 37. Base. 38. Basis. 39 Syracuse {down r). 40. Memphis. 41. Massachusetts. 42. Dallas. 4V Elizabeth. 44. Instance. 45. New Orleans. 46. Providence {v hook). 47. Molasses. 48. Crackers. 49. Glass. 50. Spheres. 51. Ex- cuse. 52. Insurance («, ish, up r, n hook closed). 53. Sacrifice {skr, f, s circle). 54. Abyss. 55. Centuries {s, n t up r, s). 56. Advance {v hook). 57. Columbus {k, down I, tnb. circle s). 58. Separates {spr, t, circle s), 59. Purchase {r hook). 60. Precious {upward ish). 61. Des-Moines. 62. 'K.sin?,as-Q\ty {k, n stroke, ses circle, t) 63. Kansas. 64. Mississippi. 65. Texas. 66. Arkansas. *When phrasing " him " a single third position dot must always be placed before the m to avoid confliction with the word nte, '-, , 34 LESSON 18. DISTINCTION BSTWEBN CIRCLE S AND STROKE S. Tha initial or final circle is not used in the following classes of words: (l)When a word BEGINS with S preceded by a vowel, as l-ask; (2jWhen a word BEGINS wltn a roll owed by two vowels, as L- science; (3) When a word BiSiiirJb witn S ToTlowed by a vowel and an- other S,as > society; (4) wnen a word ENDS with S pre- ceded by tiro vowels, as "^ chaos; (5) When a word ENDS" with a, foITowed by a vowel, aa^.racy; and (6) When a word contains no other consonants as,)" sigh,*) ace. The plurals of _^such words are formed by adding the fi- nal circle^as T sighs; ) aces. The stroke Z,is used in words beginning with the sound of Z, as V^zeal. Exercise 39. 4. [- ^,\^ yy^K^^^^n-") Exercise, 40. 1. Sail, assail, dress, dressy, joys', joyous, less, Lucy* 2. Puss, pussy, zero, G2ar,so, asp, spy, sack,ask,Zion. 3. Sciatica, virtuous, skip, escape, suspense, Sicily. 4. Alas, lasso, Lizzie. suspicion.sewiqg^SiamtSueSki BEVIEff EXERCISE. 1. Write in shorthand as many words as there are Vowels and Diphthongs (16), each word to contain only one consonant and a different vowel. 2. Construct in shorthand as many words as will il- lustrate the different rules for writing long and short vowels between strokes, each word to contain only two strokes and one vowel. 3 J, Tr^scribe into longhan d th e .following sentences: .^7^.^.. ' \_,^- ' ^"^ ■• ■'■ • -^^ " ^ ■■}■ - ' Wfite correctly in shorthand the following words: 4. -Wrath, cure, rare, wore, yore, arm, earth, carry, like. 5. Full,annul,roll,owl,appeal, alike, Alpine, fully. 6. Coal, honey,hay,had,him,home, hiss, her,liain,hall. 7 . Hack,hire ,iobby, cohere , query, thump, while ,why, pray. 8. Offer, free, through, tiger,apple,flow,bevel. 9 . Enclosure , queer, pupil , den, French, fun, run, tough. 10. Rough,muff,knife,def eat, penny,cof fee, modify. 11. Pass ion, oppress ion, petition, additional, fashion. 12. Task,descry, expression, explain, prescribe, sap. 13. Supper,subtle, seize, sweep, square, sever, civil. 14. Chase, face,hence, wives, fines, vis ions, races. 15. Chances, suGcessful, ice, ease, science, society. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 35 CIRCLE AND STROKE S. Thus, zVA', c rcle s I. The progress of science I'^-these days is truly amazing, 2. I/)se no time in idleness (/, d, up /, stroke n, circle s). 3. See- the eagle soar ovHR-the lake. We should make-lhe same use of books as a bee does of a flower. 5. A tax was laid on tea in-the days of the {approximate for ''of the.'' See page 29) Revolution. 6 Do right a/-the outset ; thus you- wiLL-HAVK no reason to murmur a/- the close of-life. 7. If I may have your assistance I-think I-can* succeed, for I know my society will help ME to eain the necessary money. 8. 1-had some suspic'on of-THis fellow as-soon-as he-said his name was Caesar and he-was iN-the sausage business, and upon reading in-the papers of-his suicide, I knew a/-once (/ above line, n hook dosed) he-was no loss to society. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Suspense. 2. Sustain. 3. Su-tenance. 4. Elias. 5. Sewing. 6. Siam. 7. Sewage. 8. Suez, 9. Sighing. 10. Accuracy {k, up r, 5 stroke). II. Vacancy, 12, Sesame. 13. Excellence. 14. Excellency. 15. Paris. 16. Acid. 17. Ascribe. 18. Aside. 19. Ask. 20. Assertion [up r,-tion beneath). 21. Assess. 22. Assessor. 23. Assign. 24. Assignee {accent tn ee). 25. Assume. 26. Astray. 27. Astronomv. 28. Asylum. 29. Arising, 30. Legacy. 31. PoUcy. 32. Fancy. 33. Courtesy {kr, t, stroke s). 34. Daisy. 35. Busv. 36. Easton. 37. Sewing. 38. Aspiration. 39. Escrow. 40. Asylum. 41, Ascribe. 42, Sistine. 43. Assiduous. 44. Laos. 45. Arduous. *Use the first half only of the diphthong I when phrasing with k, m or upward L r—- — .— . — 36 LESSON 19. THE ST LOOP,- INITIAL AND FINAL. A Circle written on the Right side, at the beginning of a straight stroke represents S; flatten the circle into a LOOP and the sound of ST is represented, thus A step, —- stick, ^story. Placed on the. INSIDE of CURVES it appears thus: . '^ staff, r). 15. Fustd. 16. Refused. 17. Investigation. 18. Mancl: ester. 19 Rochester. 20. Worc;sler. 21. Aghas . 22. Di^tre sed. 23. Breakfast. 24. Priist. 25. Discussed. 26. Mois^t. 27. Relapsed. 28. Stomach. 29. Earnest. 30. Chemist. 31. Dentist. 32. Excus;d. 33. T &c t &ced {r /took). 34. Evinced 5. i-tarch {upr). 36. Hoarfiost (^ozt^w r). 37. Vast. ;,8. \^\.\y {circle s). 39. Purest. 40. Sweetest. 41. Greatest. 42. Finest. 43. t-tately. 44. Lovfst. ^5. B east. 6. Wrist. *Do not phrase up-the. tThe final ST loop represents sd or zd, as well as st 448440 35 LESSON 20. ADDITIONAI. ^ffiTHOD OF KXPRKSSINC W AND Y. W and Y, though knovm as Ccnscnants.are frequently found ccmfcined in v/crds v/ith Vowels, thus. t(v/e)lve, folio(fcl yo) . When sc cccurring.a dighihcng is formed Combine W & Y with the. long and short vowels, and we get Wah.Wa ,Wee ,Waw,V/oh ,Wo'o . (Long) .Wa,We ,Wi ,W6 ,V/u .Wo'b (Short YahlYaJeeJaw.Yoh.Yc-o.CLongj.Ya Ye,Yi Yo,Yu.Yoo(Short) As dots and dashes are employed for the ordinary vow- el sounds, so special marks are used for the W and Y Diphthongs. These special marks are, like the vowel signs, written in different positions, and in every res- ?ect are subject to the rules governing the placing of he simple vowels with relation to Consonant. strokes. WAH WAY =;WAW ■;WOH ;W00 i;Wa 'I; We J;Wi ;W6 ijYAH ;Wu ^S;YAY ;Wdb ,j;yEE ;YAW ;YOH ;Y00 ;Ya ;Ye ;Y{ !;Yo ^i;Yu I'Joo By'curving the thumb and first finger of the LEFT hand, the first three W Diphthongs a^e s^n,the RIGHT Hand shewing the next three, thus, d ZD Practice these Diphthongs according to the direc- tions given in Lesson 5 for learning the vowels- Exercise 46. -( J ":) :^ V ^^ ^. 2.K L ^ X Exercise 46. \ 1. Assuage, Asia,mania, work, cyclopaedia, serious, tedious. 2. Alien, York, mi Hi on, glorious, young, various, curiously. 3. Pi teous,righteous, courteous. curious, odious,bilious. 4. Initiation, filial, union, dahlia, plagiarist, railways. 5 . Dev i ous .youthful , Ind iana , Indianapbl is ,yearling . MODIFICATION OF THIS PRINCIPLE. The W and Y Diphthong marks join readily to several of the Consonant strokes. Study carefully the follow- ing Rules for such joinings: waw(which includes with the W the vov/el sound aw) may be convenienllv joined to K, upward R,TR.CHR,SHR. thus, .^r~: (v/aw k)walK;.><^(waw r)war:1 (waw tr)water,e£c . The W sign alone. without ahv v owe I' element , is also joined -A Exercise 48, I.Wake, week, waxen, warm, wardrobe, wicked. wall, wail, well 2. Will, wool, way, why, whig, whale, while, wnistle, Wilson. GRAMT^/IALOaUES . What Would ..a. With When. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 39 W AND Y DIPHTHONGS. In using the W and Y diphthongs, be careful not to employ them in words the outlines for which would resemble some other words when the diphthongs a-e omitted. Such words as weed. uo:d, widow, would look like do unless the stroke W is used. So wit 1 other similar words. Wish, i '.* Young, tw;'* I. When j-ou see a thing to-be (P) done, do it, and what yon do, do well. 2. He who-would-be wise must-be willing to learn. 3. With Him all things are possible. I-trust (first half of diphthong) 3'ou-will deem it best to fir.«:t think a zvhile ere you take ayiy rash steps. 5. Please extinguish your fire OR you-may-be s )rry. 6. Geography is a description {of the) earth's surface. 7. Study opens the treasures of antiquity. 8. Muslin is from Moussul, a city of Turkey (r hook^ IN Asia. 9. A covetous man is eager for gain. 10. Pneumonia is a disease {of the) lungs. 1 1. Show deference {f hook) to-the wi hes of ethers 12. Announce the arrival {of the) ambassador {mb, circle s, d, r hook) and proclaim the news of victory {v, k, t, iipward r). 13. In India and Persia the natives are less civilized than-the people of Australia 14. While riding the other day on- the railway, I noticed a furious young steer run across- the track. As he- was only twenty rods away he-was struck ^-the locomotive and tossed OVER- the fence, bellowing piteously. 15. The fierce Indian ^az;^ a terrific ( r ub) warwhoop as he sprang with upraised toma- hawk upon his young victim. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Melodious. 2. C- remonious. 3. Envious y. 4. Asiatic. 5. In- a'ierable(«, down I, n stroke, bl). 6. Fericusly («^r). 7. Indian. 8 Pite- ous'y. 9. W s 1 s, ID. R s rvoir. 11. Inure. 12. Bullion. 13. In- genious. 14. Experievce. 15. Fr^qu^ncy. 16. Millionaire. 17. Hideous. 18. Dubi w^. 19 Ingeniously. 20. Copious. 21. Ab- brevia'e (v hook). 22. Alienate. 2\. Ammonia. 24. Appreciation {up ish . 25. Anpr pr ation. 26 Audience. 27. Australian. 28. Auxiliary. 29. Barriers 30. A'legiance. 31. Heaviest. 31. Create. w Acquiescence. 31. Si tewalk. 35. Alleviation. 36. Onion. 37. Sup rior. 38. Anguish. 39. Humiliation. 40. Obvious. 41. Genial. 42. G nius. 43- Expediency 44. Unqu stioning. 45. Plenteous. 46. Warden. 47. Warfare. 48 Waterf 11. 49. Waterman. 50. Warmtii. 51. Warmer. 52 Wart 53. Warp. 54 Warship. 55. Warrior, s'^. Warb e 57. Opium. 58. Wag. 50. Wakef 1. 60. Warning 6r. Warwh'iop 62. Watering-- lace; 63. Watermelon. 64 Waterproof. 65. V^lu 'tion («/ wA). 66 Wisx:.&\\B.-Q!tn\s,{m. s circle, I, n hook, stroke s\ 67. Minneapolis 68. Wilmin ton, 69. Indian Territory 70. Virginia. 71. Louisiana. The followi-g words, though erding with the syllable -tion,-tian^ cannot be written with the shun hook. Vocalize with one of the Y Diphthongs, and \ase the / and n hook for a'l but the last two. which may be written with the 5/ loop and stroke n. Question, exhaustion, bastion, fustian, digestion, suggestion. 40 LESSON 21. HOW THE PR and PL SERIES OF CONSOl^ANTS MAY BS USED WHEN A VOWEL COMES BETWEEN THE STEM AND THE HOOK. Although tlie hooked consonants belonging to the PR and PL series are used almost exclusively for words in which the R or L forms a diphthong with the stem to which it is joined, yet, OCCASIONALLY, for the sake of convenience, it is allowaile to use these hooked char- acters where a vowel comes BETWEEN the stem and the hook, instead of before or after. In order to indicate the presence of such a vowel, and to distinguish the word from one in which the R or L forms a diphthong, the vov/el may be expressed as coming between the two letters by y«*iting a very small circle (o) BEFORE the hooked stem for a LONG vowel; thus, .1 dear; and AF- TER the liooked stem for a SHORT vowqI; thus f- tell. The dash or stroke vowels may be written THROUGH the hooked stem to signify tliat thev come between the stem and, the hook;" thus c-t-^ course; j' curtain. Exercise 49. 1. K f- f. _^'V^ n ^ IL. L^ t, e_ / 2. ^^.-v^ T n ^ ^. i> ni ^ n n Exercise 50, 1. Foreclosure, "murder, careless, therefor , Charles. 2. Parlor, course, soldier, engineer, sui*e, paragraph. 3. Parallel, telegraph, deliver, college, recourse. 4. Golden, charm, parcel, aforesaid, church, delegation. Remember, however, that the PR and PL series of double consonants is used generally for words which contain no vowel betv/een the consonants, or only an ob- sciare one; Uius,V pray; \ applo; but such words as peer, pole, etc., are va'ittcn thus; V^^peer; X/' pole, A large amount of discretion must be exercised in I the use of this principle, fcr outlines that require the above method of vocal iEaticn SELDOM occur; neverthe- less, the principle must be well understood, for "the learner should not only know that a word is written in this or that way, but he should also thoroughly under- ; stand the principle upon which accurate outlines are I formed." Therefore always use the OUTLINE for a word which you think might come under, the above principle, unless you are ABSOLUTELY sure that the word in ques- ^tion, requires to, be written according to this method; soVi party; NOT"^. Be guided by the examples In this ■ Lesson . All of which may be 'expressed in five simple words , viz.:- When you're in doubt, DON*T. Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 41 VOCALIZATION OF PR AND PL SERIES. Very, duplicate vt* I. Ai-ihe lecture the o'her evening, I saw many college men. 2. I wrote the telegram on- the corner of a piece of p'ain paper, and hadir GO " collect"(^A ^, i)- 3- Trifles make perfection (y//<7<7>t), but perfection is no trifle. 4. If I-have to- take a journey to 07ie of-our 7ietv Colonies, I-shall raise a cheer for-the American {up r) flag. 5. Do-you ever feel a?iy delicacy in showing a delegation of foreigners (_/, up r, n hook, up r, circle s) through-the museum {m, s, m), or have you enough courage for all such occasions? 6. I cha lenge you to keep the parcel which I gave you to-take care of for-me. 7. My darling son, Charles, like many o her chi dren, says he desires to-be {b^) a civil engineer. 8. Colorado Springs is very close to Pike's Peak. 7. Will you allow me lo exercise on YOUR parallel bars ? 10. Telegraphy is one {of the*) greatest inventions {of ihe^) age. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. North Fakota. 2. College. 3. Cc'.ony. 4. rilgrim. 5. Tele- graph. 6. Te'.egraphy. 7. Discourse. 8. Culture. 9 Soldier. 10. Aforesaid (/r, J aV^/^, ^). 11. Chairn an. 12. Fixture. 13. Recourse. 14. Calcium. 15. Schoolbouse. 16. Shakespeare. 17. Mixture. 18. Struc.ure. 19. Capture. 20. Jurisdiction. 21. Colonial. 22. Am- bassador (w/^, ^, ^r). 23. Atmosphere. 24. Charl-storj. 25. Galveston. 26. rhi'.ad.lphia {fl, d,lu'',f . :-. Ca'.if>;rna {i/, /, up r, n stroke). 28. Nor.h-Caro ina. 29. Darling. 30. £outh-CaroIina. •Approximate for of the. LESSON 22. — THE HALVING PRINCIPLE. When a Light stroke, standing alone, is made just ONE- HALF of its usual size, it always indicates that the sound of T has been added, thus,\ pay,y pate; and a Heavy stroke, halved, e xpr esses the addition of D,when standing alone, thus,"~~,go, _ goad; \ buy ..'^'',.. bide, etc. A vowel placed after a nalv'ed stroke' must be read be- fore the added T or D,thus,\- pit; but a circle S or ST Loop, on a halved stroke, is read after the added t or D, thus, I. deed, t. deeds. Words ending with T or D, followed by a Vowel, must be written in full,thus,\ . pity. Exercise 51. ]. (Put no halved stem through the line for third position except the one word "did"., ;as.\..pit,.''7>wmoved;N0T.\, --r^) 1. VL ^ r r / \ _., -^ c, 6/ _ U \ \ ^ k^ 3. ^ A-' ( _i y\ „) •/ V ^ Vl I I "^ '1 c ^■ Exercise 52. j 1. Sect, bowed, evade , effete, vowed, added, obeyed, void, yet 2 ~ ' ' ' - - ■ - . . - 3 4 MODIFICATIONS OF THIS PRINCIPLE. I. The letters m,n,l,and r,are made half length to express the addition of t,and they are halved and MADE HEAVY to add d; thus, ^ mate, <^ made, w. neat, w. need; with the exception, however, that 1 and r, when halved to add t,are written UPWARD; thus,Vr felt, /* chart; and when halved to add d they sire made DOWNWARD and heavy; thus, \ filled, /* charred.(Exceptions:, \ Exercise 53.^ Heart:i;hurt ^ • 1. V^ o <^ U - — -^ ^ -j-^ A A ,^ ^ w. -s ^ 2. •-> ^ ^ /^'/~~ ^,> S- ^ -^—r V\^ Exercise 54. l»Promote,calmed,neat,end,belt, knelt, boiled, mild, old. 2. Not, pert, dart, tired, jeered, paired, fault, filed, yard. II. While light and heavy strokes standing alone add only T and D, respectively, when halved, when joined to other consonant strokes, either full length or half length either T or D is added irrespective of the light ness or heaviness of the halved s troke, thus, /^ rabid, or rabbit;. — i creditj-^-^icrcwded; NT bolted;^ rested, etc Exiercise 59. 2. V,.^^.\\V Exercise 56. 1. Part, parted, sport, sported, cheat, cheated, end, awaited. 2. Ended, founded,mounted, pleaded, cos t,caused,gust, posed. Grammalogues. ^.^ Poar-q..; Care. grrr;Mer e^^^rv.; I'rear.'^—^? There , The ir 7. .; More^ JTot-'^ Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 43 THE HALVING PRINCIPLE. Almost, grammalogue all, tn, si loop. Too, grammalcgue to, made heavy. How, dip thong ow on the line. Afy-dea.T Kate : I-am writing (up r halved, ing) you this note, for I know you-will wait to hear from-me. I-feared you would-be tired waiting {halved way') so lon'^, so I thought I might as well jot down a bit of news which-wi.l, I-am-sure, cause you to jump for joy. Papa has bought a 7iew yacht, and has permitted me to ask you to Go with ris on an extended trip. Isn't {circle s, halved n^) IT almost too good to-be true ? The date on which WE-are to start has-not {same as isn't, in first position) yet been fixed, but I hiow iT-will-be soon. I-am nearly («r^, doTvn I) wild with delight. Do write and tell {t, I hook^) me how this strikes you, and let me hear from-you by return mail. Your devoted {v hook) Maude. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Shipped. 2. Basket. 3. Night. 4. End. 5. Goods. 6. Act. 7. Left. 8. Fe'.t. 9. Esteemed (halved s, halved m heavy). 10. Recent. 11. Received. 12. Failed. 13. Note. 14. Lofts. 15. Tenaut. 16. Entire {halved n down r). 17. Attempt. 18. Revealed. 19. V^t- kct {/hook). 20. rird. 21. Field. 22. Q.onn&it\CQ\.{k, halved n, halved k). 23. Actual {halvsd k, down I). 24. Finished (f, n hook, halved upward ish). 25. Included. 26. 'Estimate {ha / v. d s, halved m). 27. Board. 28. Cut. 29. Asked. 30. Signed. 31. Forwarded (/, r hook, wiy, up r, halved d). 32. Ult. 33. Patterns {ha ved p, up r, n hook cl.sed). 34. Decided. 35. Tent (a>r'/?5 halved n above the line). 36. Catalogue. 37. Slight. 38 Market (»ir halved k^). 39. Export. 40. B.nefit {stroke n). LESSON 23. — -THE HALVING PRINCIPLE. (Continued.) The Halving Principle is the most comprehensive of all, for all the principles already learned are used under it. Though simple light strokes are halved to add only T,and simple heavy strokes D, it is perfectly safe to halve a lignt or heavy stroke containing a hooK,or^when joined to , another letter. to add both T and DjthU8,<^ rapt, rap id; /^rabid, rabbit; V paint, pained;^' rift. raved". Since such Words usually belong to different parts of speech, the context will enable one to tell whether t or d is added. (This rule .however, does not apply to strokes ending or beginning with a circle unless tne circle is combined with a nook. Write speed \ .not v; boats N not."^ .) Use N hook for nt when possible Mu8. J* attainedbnotL* .."?".- not ^ ^ Exercise 57^. 2. V r V K \ r \^ V 1. 1- ■}. r ^ ^- ^^ rr ( J" ■/ .y -^ .^ -;r> -, V; VJ r\' Exercise 58. l.Dawned, plant, pond,band,boimd, tint, taint, blind. 2. Attained, reft, raft, print, bland, strained, tuft. 3. Drowned, coughed, account, cant, pained, grant, tend. '4. Foimt, lent , tent, mountain, fountain, endowment. 5. Excitement, parent, craft, cleft, gift, wet, made. NOTE. A fidl-sized and a half-sized consonant can not be joined unless they form an angle at the point of imion; as, \, potted; or show the junction by a differ- ence In thickness; asv-NnaniedjK. afford. In .".uch words as ^cooked' the FULL OUTLINE must be employed, thus, INOT — -' ;while in words like deeded, dated, situat- ed, since the half-sized consonant runs in the same di- rection as the full-sized one, and so cannot be join- ed, it is DISCOm^IECTED and written ALONGSIDE of the main stem, ti.us.l,, I,., f;. Exercise 59. 1.^ I, !_, 1 <-— 1 ^C^\ ^ 1.,. I; 1, /I,-/ Exercise 60. (Before writing the following exercises, thorough- ly study the 'Analysis* on the next page.) l».Vi % \ "^ % i J J^ ;r> --0 ^ y S" % /•. -1 O U._J> 2, '^ ^ ^

,<-^ i~^ ■<" <^ -^A ^^- ^ ^ rf? / \ ' 3. <5. fr r- ^- ^ ^. .^ ^ \ W V j. Exercise 61. 1. Tempt, stemmed, pots, post, cats, cast, nets, nest. 2. Deemed, doomed, patent, bend, obedient, packets, need. 3. Pound, nou 1 1 i c e,brackets , thought , tickets , takest. 4. Fillet, faculty, amidst, India, needy, Trent, torrent. 5 . Offends , invents , winds , ass ents , crafts , clef ts . 6.Drifts, tufts, rapid, rapids, let, light, defeated. (ffiAMvIALOGUES. Not..-;That V; Cannot.^.; Great cr ;Short^ J.. We CANNOT do anything right save with GREAT care. 2. Life is too SHORT to waste-a minnte. 3. I- am sure of- THAT. r Mason's Complete Course in Phonography 45' HALVING PRINCIPLE (II). I. God sometimes {halved ''some/' full length m -with circle s) permits men to-do wrong, but does-«^/ prompt them to-fl'^ wrong. 2 het-ns (halve J I , circle s), then, bk what we- are and speak what \VE think and-ix all things be loyal to truth {tr^) and-the sacred (skrd) professions of friendship. 3. ' ' Call en a business man at business times ofilj', and on business ; transact your business, and Go about (d halved, diphthong ow joined') YOUR business, so-as-to give him time to finish (up ish) his business." "To thine own self be true, and IT must follow, as-the night the day, thou canst 7iot then be false to any man." YouR-favor \down r, vr) (of the) 30th instant a/ /^a«^, (t halved, ?i hook ^), and-iN-reply (and-in-pl^) would-say. 6. '* If you're told to-do a thing, and mean to- do it really ; never (fi v^) let IT BE by halves, (aspirate dot) do IT fully, freely." 7. " In-the hammei; (up h) lies the wealth of a n^iou. Its (/ circle s^) merry clink points 02it the abode of industry and labor. " 8. "When a book raises YOUR spirits, and inspires (down R) you with noble and courageous (kr,j s) feelings (dowti I), seek for 710 other rule to judge the work by ; iT-\s,good, and made by a ^f?^fl? workman." 9. Let every man employ himself (m, ses c'rcle) in-the business with-whxh he-is best acquainted. MISCELLANEOUS WORDS. I. Abdicate. 2. Obdurate. 3. Absent. 4. Absolute. 5. Abstract. 6. Absurd. 7. Accept. 8. Acceptable. 9. Accumulate. 10. Accurate. II. Accustomed. 12. Act. 13. Adequate. 14. Educate. 15. Adopt. 16. Adult. 17. Advocate (f^ooyt). iS. Afford. 19. Aloft. 20. Apart. 21 Appealed. 22. Appeared. 23. Appreciate {upward i h). 24. Ap- pr)ximate. 25. Arithmetic («/> rt. 26. Arranged («Ao(?/fe). 27. In-l hal- ved n)-tense. 28. Rapidlv. 29 Repeat. 30, Intensify. 3I. Substitute I , b,s, t halved, u joined]. 32. Cushioned (halved k, -tion hook). 33. Rvo'.utionist. 34. Ancient 'upward ish halved, with n hook), 35. Mentioned {same). 36 Frequent {d 1 plicate fr, knt\. 37. Bribed ('r, b d). 38. Judged (;.y,rf). 39. Potato. 40 i earest (dr, st loop). 41. ituated. 42. Abundance. 43 Amendment 44. Altitude. 45. Poli- tical (Aa/z'/, kl). 46. Frotection (halved pr, k, -tion), 47. Hirtford. 48. Hot- prings. 49 Montgomery. 50 Pittsburg. 51. Portland ( /»/, Ind). 52. vSt. -Louis {cirle s, halved n, do onward I). 53. St -August- ine. 54. St.-Paul. 55- ^- alt-Lake-City. 56. District of Columbia. 57. Maryland. 58. Rhode-Island. 59. Vermont. 60. S iltimore (B, up I halved, mr\. 6 . C eveland. Aspirite dot words: 62. Hundred. 63. Handful. 64. Unhand. 65 Handed. 66 Handle 67. Apprehended. 68 Heavenward U'« down r halved] 69 Handkerchief). The syllable watd is rerresented, bv a halved zf ay joined to the pre- ceding stroke, as i .i y";rzt'ari/, ba' -card. tif>ward, d wnwmd, inwatd, ou'wani, rervard, westward, southzuard, northward Write eas ward with halved downward R to represent the syllable ward. 46 Mason's Complete Course in Phonography GRAMMALOGUES. . Could _ ; Told r : Give. Given :His o ;Call ANALYSIS OF HALVED STROKES HAVING HOOKS AND CIRCLES. The following order is uniformly observed in the ccn- scnantal elements of all halved strokes with hecks. 1. The initial circle or loop is read first. 2. Then the stroke letter (with or without the initial hook) . 3. Next the final hook. 4'. Then the T or D added by halving. And, 5. Lastly, the circle S or loop ST. Thus:- ..12 345 . 12345 ^ s..p.. ..t..s J St. .d. .n. .t. .s; spots students. 12345 123 4 5 245 V s. .pl.n. .t. .s \f- . .t. .f . .t. .s. /^ m..d.st splints tufts jnidst In writing strokes half length, make them rather too short than too long; there is no danger in maki2Tg~tHem too short, but they will be easily confused if too long. may Never halve UPWARD R when standing alone, lest it .y be mistaken for "and". ^. , or "should" ^ . Never halve 1 i,c add D when a vowel fellows; write followed thusV^I , NOT y ; allowed./it or nd are usually written with the n hook on a halved sttm. The most common of these are given in the following exercise. The few in the small list at the foot of the page are to be written with the 11 stroke halvtd. N HOOK. I. Scant. 2. Pageant. 3. Meant. 4. In'ant. 5. Elegant. 6. Chant. 7. Merchant («/) r). 8. Elephant. 9. Radiant. 10. Gallant. 11. Plant. 12. Slant. 13. Pant. 14. Occupant. 15. Grant. 16. Tyrant. 17. Re- luctant (wf) /). 18. Distant. 19. Assistant. 20. Protestant (Aa/t/(?a'/r . 21. Visitant. 22. ■ laimant. 23. Instant. 24. Servant. 25. Want. 26. Relevant I w/!> /), 27. Bent. 28. Assent. 29. Accident. 30. Incident. 31. Resident. 32. President. 33, J endant. 34. Ardent. 35. Impudent. 36. Negligent (/Ai7<7^). 37. Diligent {up I). 38. Urgent. 39. Ancient. 40. Obedient. 41. Expedient. 42. Lent. 43. Blent. 44. Violent. 45. In- solent {do W7i I). 46. Ornament ( M/i 7 ) . 47. Sacrament (i^r w«^). 48. Fundament. 49. Amendment. 50 Cement 51. Agreement. 52. Man- agement. 53. Infringement {duplicate fr). 54. Inclement. 55. Supple- ment (spl ti.it). .'6. Settlement. 57. Indorsement {down R). 58. Amusement. 59. Excitement. 60, Movement. 61. Judgment. 62. Attachment. 63. Refreshment. 64. Punishment (« A ok). 65. Haiment. 66. Rudiment. 67. Sentiment. 68. Instalment. 69. Moment. 70. c hip- ment. 71. Garment ( r hook). 72. Assessment. 73. Treatment. 74. Pliant. 75. ' urround {down r). 76. Wound. 77. Document. 78. Argument. 79. Monument. 80. Endowment. 81. Payment. 82. En- joyment. 83. limployment. 84. Vertinent {p, up r halv d, n halved, n hjok). F5. Pent. 86. Repent. 87. Spent. 88. Rent. 89. Parent. 90. Apparent. 91. Reverent (v stroke). 92. Torrent. 93. Lent. 94. Happened. 95. Penitent. 96. Vent. 97. In.ent. 98. Infrequent. 99. Eloquent {tip I). 100. Fervent. loi. Went 102. Faint. 103. Paint. 104. Quaint. 105. Dent. io5. Hint. 107. Point. 108. Anoint. 109. Joint, no. Standpoint, in. Disappcint. 112. Print. 113. Tint. 114. Font. 115. Front. 116. Wont. 117. Haunt. 118. Punt. 119. Blunt. 120. Count. 121. Account. 122. Discount. 123. Fount. 124. Mount. I 5. Amount. 126. Band. 127. Husband. 128. Land. 129. Bland. 130. Woodland. 131. G'and. 132, Inland. 133. Island {Join half of diph. hong I to up I halved). 134. Demand. 135. Expand. 136. Grand. 137. Errand. 138. tand. 139. Withstand {ilh, circles). 140. Vend. 141. Ascend. 142. Dividend. 143. Friend. 144. Lend. 145. Mend. 146. Depend. 147. pend. 148. Attend. 149. Extend. 150. Blind. 151. Find. 152. Behind. 153. Mankind (« hook). 154. RJind. 155! Remind. 1-6. Wind. 157. Bond. 158. econd. 159. Found. 160. Diamond. 161. Fond. 162. Bound. 163. Unbound. 164. Mound. 165. Hound. 166. Round. 167. Around. i68. Ground. 170. Apattment {r hook . N STROKE. I. Descend. 2. Oifend. 3. End. 4. Indent {halved n heavy, halved n light'). 5. Aunt. 6. Prevent {v hook). 7. Advent. 8. Event. 9. Unsound, lo. Thousand. 11. 'Evident (halved v, halved n). 11. ; end. 13. Intend, 14. Rescind. 15. Profound {f hook). 16. ound. 17. Vacant. 18. Abundant. 19. Tenant. 20. Accountant. 21. Pursuant. 22. Adjacent. 23. Decent. 2!. Kgent ({j, n hook, stroke t). 25. Client. 26. Tatient. 27. Advancement. 28. Opponent. 29. Adherent. 30. Ah'hoxrent{uf>h,upr). 31. -^ ent {ist position). 32. Resent. 33. Pre- sent. 34. Intent. The syllsLhle-tnent when occurring at the end of a word preceded by stroke n, or hook f, or circle s, may be written with the strike n halved ; thus, announce-^///, (or announcetn nt, ach'eve-ent, {or achieveme t, etc. 48 Mason's Complete Course in Phonography EXERCISE. On the Grammalogues and most of the unvocalized words contained in the preceding pages. The Grammalogues and unvocalized words are in italics. What have you done w.th-the ball? Has it been taken from-you as I said it-would-be ? All who come short of what I told-you would-be wanted {way, n stroke, id) need-«^/ co7?ie. I-shall call on you, and if- he will give vie an answer {up r) I-will let you have it so-that you-ca7i tell-me when 1 2iXX\VQ. what-is first to-be done, and who you think should do it. John could do the thing; for-you, but to one who-is strange {sir, n stroke, j) I-think it-would-be more trouble than you would care to pici otir ftiend to for-the-sakA of a mere trifle, nor do I-think it-will-be m.uch more \i-you get some-one {sm, n hook) near you to-do it. At-all-titnes, {Jialved t, I hook, m, circle s) and-in-all places, strive to-do that-which-will bring you true joy. This cannot-be done easily, but J-am-sure it-is h&st, and I-hope-you-will -^xovo. it so. A dear friend ^mine called {halved kP) on me last even- ing. He had-heen iliy You^cannot ^^ You can ^ — That which t/ For. me- 'L.->. I think I Was, not^./.^.h In their ,/ Has beeni \. What, it is ^ 1] '$hali J ToyjRfj :areinot 2 Tliereliwas t Who:^wash. Thatiheik^. They were The foregoing phrases should be practiced from dictation until they can be written and recognized without the slightest hesitation. Business Letters 51 PART IL BUSINESS LETTERS AND ADVANCED DICTATION EXERCISES. 1. Before practicing this Exercise, the grammalogues and unvocalized words .given in the preceding pages should be reviewed and perfectly committed to memory. In the following Exercises, the letters r, 1, f , v or n when printed close to the preceding letter signify that a hook is to be used ; those let- ter s printed with a space between them and the preceding letter signify i\\^ stroke. Thus. pf=p with the f ,^£?£»/{'. p,f,=-=p with the j/r«7/^^ f. Same with circle and stroke S. T or D printed close to a preceding letter signifies halving ; sepa- rated, the stroke t or d. Thus, ■pi='kalved p ; bd=halved b ; b,d=b and stroke d. Capital R or L signifies the downward stroke ; a small r or 1, the up- ward stroke. The figures, i, 2 or 3, signify above, on, or through the line. Mr., mr^ delivery, dm Mr. John Smith, Boston, Mass. Dear-Sir: Yours at-hand {tnd^ ) . We-beg to state that-we- will-be glad to serve you in any way we-can. Our terms are cash on delivery, and all goods are shipped promptly. Please wire us if-you think you-can use our goods. Yours-truly, {^2 words). Practice this letter until it can be written with ease in one minute. Mr. Peter Lane, Chicago, Illinois, {down I, ?is) Dear-Sir : Yours of even date lies on my desk, and shall-have our early attention {at ,n ^-tion) . The best we-can do for-you, I-find, is-to send you the coal 3'ou ask for a week from Mon- day. Our works are now being {b^ng^) run on full time, and we- find it hard to get all-the coal that-is needed {nee.ded). Please bear with us and be sure we-will-not keep you waiting {halved way, ng) any longer (/ up, ngr) than we-can help. Yours-truly, {86 words) {lYi niimites.) 52 Business Letters Write figures and initials in longhand. Use a double length chay for a period, Mr. George (yV,/) Knight, Buffalo, N. Y. {ny ay, joined) Dear-Sir : Yours {of the*) loth received. We- will name you the peaches at 75 cents^ a basket, and-the apples at $1.50 a barrel (/5,r,Iy). May we not hope to hear from-you by return mail, and oblige, {blj) Yours-truly, (52). (i minute) Mr. Thomas Jones (7, n hook closed), Topeka, Kansas {k, 71, ses circle), Dear-Sir: I-have yours [of the*) 23rd. We wired {w,r,d,) you this morning {mr?i^) that-the cans of corn {tip r), beans, peasf and plums had-been put upon-the cars (krs^) here last night, and-that they would reach you bj'-the end of-this week. We-feel sure these goods will please you, and we would like to-have you write us as-soon-as they arrive [dow7t r). Yours-truly, (7.?) (i }( mimites.) Approximate for o_f tht. fRemember that initial and final circle s is alyjays placed upon the right hand side of downward straight strokes. It is placed on the left hand side only when r (initially) or n (finally) is included. Business Letters 53 3. Because, ksl Anything, n-ingl Esq , s, fc2 Very, duplicate vrS To-be, b 3 //z'm, when phrased, must be vocalized by a single third- position light dot. Henry {up An, r) Roberts, Esq., Cleveland, O. {lo7ig hand initial) Sir: It-is with great regret (r, gr, t) I write you that I- shall-be unable* to fulfill {Jifl^) the promise I made you, the last time I saw you, to call upon Mr. Peck and obtain* from- him a settlement {stl, mnt). I found that-he had that very day left for Europe* {R p ') to-be gone for five or six months, and-that-he had left no-one in charge {ch, r, j) o^-his affairs* who could act* for-him. This-is very annoying* to-me, because I felt that you-were {you, downward Ji) waiting for- me to wind the thing up in-such a way as-to save you all trouble and worry. Now, it-will-have to hang fire until {jit L) Mr. Peck returns, which-will-not-be before {b, duplicate fr) March or April.* Have you anything to suggest? If so, I-will gladly carry it out, if I-can. Sincerely {tip r) yours, (^^<^) (3 minutes) *Insert the initial vowel in all words which besrin with a vowel. 54 Business Letters 4. Whether, w7iay2 F"'orward, fr,wd parttcalars, prtsl Did -not, halved d through the line, n hook Mr. William R. Flynn, 123 Broadway {brd,way), N. Y. City {n, yays,i) Dear-Sir: Your esteemed {st.md) favor of recent date is just to hand. I also regret that-you failed to see Mr. Peck about {halved b, diphthong ow Joined) the affair of- which I spoke to-you when last in-your city, but of-course I-cannot blame you for not seeing him before he went abroad. You did-not state whether you were-able-to secure the address of-his bankers. If so, kindly forward it to-me, and I-will write him in their care. By-the way, did-you settle that other case with Thompson? Did he give you back the note, or has he retained it? Who has-the papers in-that case? Are they on file in-your office? Please send me full particulars about this case, and give me all-the facts, so-that 1 may-be-able-to shape my plans. I-hope-(/,/>)-you-will-have great success in-your work and so remain as ever, Truly-yours, {^70) (2 minutes) "Phonographers are apt to lose much time in turning over the leaves of their repor ing books. The following plan is perhaps the best that can be adopted: While writing on the upper half of the leaf, introduce the first finger of the left hand between it and the next leaf, keeping the leaf which is being written on steady by the first finger and thumb. While writing on the lower part of the page, shift the leaf by degrees till it is about two thirds of the way up the book. When it is convenent, lift up the thumb and the leaf will turn over almost of itself. The finger should be introduced at the first pause the speaker makes, or any other convenient oppxjrtunity that presents itself." Business Letters 55 PREFIX "CON-". "COM-*, OR "COG-". Words containing the Prefix CON, COM or COG, are not written in full in Phonography, but are abbreviated by omitting the Prefix entirely, and writing what remains > of the word close to the preceding word in the sentence, or close to the preceding, consonant in the same word; thus, \,i Please consider;'''..^( Appoint .your committee; ^^^^ retcog)nize,-^ cir( cum) stance; IX de(ccm)pose. When N or M is doubled in these words, both Ns or Ms should be omitted in_J;he shorthand outline, thus, 1 I,- dis(conn)ect; .|„ _in(c9mm)qdious. / (Write into longhand.) ■•■" ■■■K— 1 ' "' p"' ^ (. ^ — c ' r o v_i>^ 15 y. (Write into shorthand.) 1. Deccmpose~uncompre3sed, incomprehensible, discomfit'. 2. Discontent ,miscompute,misccmputation,noncontent. 3. Recombine, reconcile, circumvent, disconsolate . 4. Misconceive, inconvenient, inconstant, inconceivable . It freg[uently happens, however, in reporting that a word beginning with Con, Com or Cog cannot be written close to the preceding word, either because it occurs at the beginning of a sentence, or is preceded by a grammalogue represented by a dot or dash (.'. a, and) which thus might be mistaken for a vowel in tne "Con" word. Then, and then only, may what is left of the v "Con" word after removing the prefix be written close to a DOT, placed so as to appear at the beginning of the^ first consonant in the worg,but not so as to lock like a vowel, thus /\^ compose; j^ccndemn; -v^ p commence, etc. 1. (Write into longhand.) 2. r. L' .-^ 'v •«. ^^ J- J- K ^^ (Write into shorthand.) 1. Condense, ccmpiy, compromise, comparison, constant, 2. Content, convulsion, confer. congratulate, concur. 3. Concentrate, contrite, constituency, conjugate . i 56 Business Letters Represent a paragraph thus, ^ Mr. R. H. French, Box 504, Dallas, Texas. Dear-Sir: Referring {rf^r^ng) to- your valued {v,l,d,) favor just-received (7, st loop, rs, vd), I-would-say {/,d,s,) that-we- have a party in-the printing business who-is willing ^' to-take a three years' lease {0/ the) second, third and fourth lofts at 100 Grand Street {strt) from-the first of May. This party will agree to confine his machines to-the upper lofts, using the second loft as an office and stock room, so-that-the noise would-not trouble the tenants {tn,nts) beneath* {n stroke). We-have tried to get an offer of $1,500, but cannot do so, as-the party claims that entire {nt,J^) sets are being ^ rented* {r,7i,td) in-that neighborhood {n,br,d) for-that price. We- have an offer of $1,400 for three years, and we think it- should-be considered. The owner of 95 Grand Street has just closed a long lease with Abram Hess & Co. {k on the line) for-the entire four lofts at $1,900 per-annum {p,r,)i,m), and we feel that-the-price offered for-the three upper lofts is a very good one. Kindly {kndj) communicate {n,kt) with us at-your- earliest convenience {vn,ns), as-the party is anxious {i?ig,slis) to-have your consent to-his offer. He-is highly recommended {r,n,ddy approximated), and we advise you to give this offer your most careful {kr^ .f.L) consideration {sdr,-tio7i). Yours-respectfuUy, {Rs,rs,p) {223) {2% minutes) * Use the n strike in the middle of a word unless otherwise directed. Business Letters 57 6. never, ;^,^;2 informed, n,p became, b above k^ {separated) distingui<5li, d,st loop,m^ alteruoon,! ft above nn {separated) to-day, grammalogue to, d come, k^ Thomas Brown, Esq., Cincinnati, O. Dear-Sir: I addressed you from Albany {l,b,n,) this A. m. {longhand initials), and enclosed {st loop) a communication from Mr. Jonas. I postponed {ps,pnd)wor'k. this afternoon on account {of the) storm, and find in-my office a note from Mr. Smith which answers {7is,rs) your inquiries {n,kw,rs^) received this morning. He says, "I finished {n hook)W\\}a. Syracuse {S circle, R,ks) to-day. I-think we-will-be through wLth-this work by-the time 3'ou come out next-week {ns,k). Rochester I-cannot-say anything about, but I-think we-will-be-able with patience {p,up ish,ns) and work to get up the work in Glens Falls." Surely this meant with Syracuse included. This-is as near as I-can estimate {st,mt). I-think it advisable {d,vs,bl), and will try to go to Syracuse next-week, and will write 3'ou on my return full details {d,t,ls) as-to-the progress {0/ the) work. Yours- very- truly, {J?s,vr,tr,l) . V45) (2 fninutes) TEN SUGGESTIONS CONCERNING SPEEDING. 1. Hold the pencil upright so as not to break the point. 2. Wright smooth Iv, gliding from one word to the next. 3. Put down the Grammalogues quickly. 4. Keep the eye on the pencil aid uook while waiting for the next word. 5. Acquire facility in turning the page. 6. Do not allow the hand to wander aimlessly over the page. 7. Phrase certain words as indicated by the hyphens. 8. If the speaker t.ikes a minnte to utter a word, do not take a minute to write it. 9. Do not write in a jerky manner. ID. Never moisten the point of the pencil with the lips or tongue. ^8 Business Letters 24. THE AFFIX "-ING". , The common Affix "-irv;" is written with the stroke whenever that will join' well. as .after circles, upward s.traight strokes and curves,Lhu^5i^facing,/C^rcwin(5, Osaying; but in many cases the stroke will not join END of a > A- fighting Tne piurai or tnis airix is snown by a circle S on the stroke ,vcji facings, or by a small oblique DA^H at the end of a stroke when v-^ will not ioin,thus,V plottings There are no definite rules for tne use of the DOT -ing orrt-the dash -ings, judgment and experience alone enabl- ing one to determine when they should be employed. Write into Longhand. z.\^L ^ [y'x''-^.J ^. (. _. Write into Shortliand. (1. Planting, eating, staying, weeping;talking, doings. 2. Painting, printing, joining,paintings, sittings. IN THE FOLLOWING USE THE OUTLINE: 3. Being,borrowing, sorrowing, sinning, reposing/passing Always use the dot-zw^ in the Exercises, unless otherwise directed. Write bein^ with the outline, and having with the dot-mg- to avoid confusion. THE LITTLE IMP; OR, "I FORGOT." There-was once a naughty little imp named "I Forgot," {duplicate /r,g, t ) who- was so mighty that-he overthrew nearly every-one he tried to. and yet was so small that people smiled when-they-were told of-his great ability; for-the little elf was so bad at heart, and liked {l,k,t,) so-much to discourage those who were-not so strong as himself, that-he-would go to-those who did-not know him, and induce them to accept of-his mean excuses when-they got into {n, t o?i the line) trouble. But when once he had made them miserable {ms,r, bl^ ) by-his wicked acts, they no longer harbored him, but drove him away with jeers. Yet the only result it ever brought was to- make him more earnest in leading weak people astray, and in tr^'ing to get them to say, "I didn't think," or, "I forgot." (2 minutes) \ 'f3) Business Letters 59 7. at once, fns^ Messm., ms,rs gentlemen, y^/^ all-right, ^-rammaiog-ue a//, r,t Messrs. Rice & Clark, Mobile, Alabama. Gentlemen: I-have to advise {d,vs) you in-regard-to-the {n.grdy tick the dowji) loan applied {pld'^) for by Daniel {d,n,L) Miller {m,l,R). I-have placed this loan before our Board for consid- eration, but find that they-are {duplicate thr) unwilling to- make it for-the amount you asked for, namely, $2,000 {2, ith). If- this amount could-be cut down to $1,500, I-think the loan would go through all-right. Please write me at-once, and-if- the amount can-be reduced. I- will-have- the papers drawn up right away. Yours-truly, (p/) (i minute) inform, «,/2 everything, vr, stroke ing Horace {up h, up r, circle 5) Munn, Esq., St. Louis {Circle s, nt,Ls), Mo. {ms,t^ ) Dear-Sir: Enclosed I send you papers to-be signed by-you and your wife for $2,500, amount of loan made to-you on-the property {pr,p, r,t) you bought last month. These papers should-be signed and returned to us here at-once. I-will then inform you when-the first payment will fall due. I-cannot send you the deed until {nt,L^ ) the papers comeback, but will do so upon their receipt {rs,t). Hoping everything will-be all-right, I remain, Very-truly-yours, (i minute) 6o ""~" GRAMMALOGUES IN COMMON USE. '."^ Tliis^'and the next page, contain additional Gram- rcalogues to those already given, which are included, in this"" list, and comprise practically all the Gramma- logues in general use. These should, "be learned in the sajne manner as the alphabet. . , Those marked 1, and 3, are in first and third po- sitions respectively; those unmarked rest on the__line. \ Happyl 1 Do3 r Eqi:ial-ly \ Up , Advantage 1 Go^, ago! \ Puts , Difficult^ Give-n \ Upon J Done _ Godl \ PrincipjJ§ DovmS _ Good \ Particular! 1 1 Doctor-"- ^ Great \ Opportunity DearS ^ If \ Byl 1, During •k,^ Afterl \ Be / Muchl Vo Phonography \ To heS / Vifhich ^ For \) Above / EachS ^ From. ^ Been / Large 1 V Have \ Remembor-ed y General C^ Overl \ Member y Gentlemanl V Ever-y \ Number- ed3 J Gentlemen "^ i.^ery ! Atl - Caul '^ However^- It Gome ( Thankl' OutS - Gould ( Think r Told -> Cannot 1 ; Through^^ 1 Truth ->: lAc count ( Though!. r TrueS ■-^.-^Becausel ( Themv^they 1 Towardl 1 ;c (jalll ■ ( Thatl' 1 Hadl 1 ^ — Care ( Without- 1 Difference Practice the abo ^1 According tol C-Thosel ve until they are^a^part of ^yourself .^ Business Letters 6i 8. In connection with this Exercise, the pupil should begin to memorize, by practicing an entire page of each, longhand and shorthand, all the word-signs on the opposite page which he has not already learned. Then practice them in groups, thus, happy, up, put ; by, be, to-be, etc., a page of each group, until they can be written and recognized without hesitation. satisfactory, circle s,ts,r^ This is a "Contraction." Contractions correspond to abbreviations in longhand. A list of these, with explanations, is given on page 74, but a few will be introduced occasionally in connection with the regular dictation Exercises. Somewhat, circle s,mt* Messrs. Dean & Stone {stloop,n), Newark {7i,R,k,) N. J. {n J joined) Gentlemen: We-beg to advise you that-we-have forwarded per Adams-Express-Company {d,nis,prs,k) samples {circle s,m,pls) of-our goods according to yours {of the) 6th inst. {ns,tnt). We hope {way,p) our selections {circle s,l,k,-tions on upper side of k) will prove satisfactory to-you. We-shall-be-obliged if-you- will glance also {l,s) at- the catalogue we enclose, which-is very complete, and which contains everything in our line. We trust you -will make such selections from this as will suit your trade, and-in-the-meantime {and,n,tick the doivn,'mnt,in) await- ing your kind commands {nds^) which shall-have our best care and attention, we-are, Yours-respectfuUy, {100) (i minute) It is perfectly legitimate, when reading one's notes after they have been written (either at a pause in the dictation, or when transcribing the entire dictation), to insert vowels here and there, or even to write a word in longhand which might easih' be forgotten, or until there is time to look up the correct outline. Contractions may be indicated by writing a small x beneath them until they become familiar. 62 LI£ 4 This 5T OF GRM^vlALOG /"-^ Improvement UES;, ((kffitiDuedK C^ Whyl ~ " (o TheseS w/ Language! \ Two» too y Shall, Shalt v^ Thing 1 Onl J ShortJ- /^^Lordl .1, But ^ Usual ^Orl 1 Ol, ohl,; eirel y Pleasvire ^Your 1 He /—^ Mel, myl ~^ Year^ c Withl ^^ Him ^kzQ c When ^^^ May ^Ova^ s Whatl ^ Mightl ^ Word :> Would /-t> Myselfl ./We r> Beyond?^ /X:) Himself ^One ^. Xoqi "^ - Impoi'tan^^l ^Will ^II ^->v Improve-d. r 1 Therefore /\ How Business Letters 6^ 9. In connection with this Exercise, the student should practice, as before, and memorize the Grammalogues on the opposite page which have not already been learned. expected, ksp^ now, n with diphthong ow joined Cashier {k.shr) First National Bank {b,ing,k), Kansas-City, Mo. Dear-Sir: A number of days ago we wrote you concerning {circle s,Rn, dot ing) an account which we expected to open in- your Bank. We-have-not heard anything from-you in-regard- to-this {n,grd,iths). Permit us now to refer {rf,r) you to Charles {chrjs,) R, Towner, Esq., and to Dr. William Pullen as- to our standing, etc. {ts,t,r). Respectful ly-yours, {rs,p,Rs) {6i) (■A- minute) Rev., r.c^ believe, bl^ mistake, ms,k^ bocomo, f, above k'^ tamiliar,/w?2 The Rev. Philip {Ji,p) Stanley {st loop,n,L), Philadelphia {Ji,d,lJ), Pa. {longhand) Sir: After due {Joi7i the diphthong ii) consideration of- your valued {vj,d) favor {of the) 28th ult., we-take-pleasure in forwarding you samples of-our tweeds {t,ds'^), cheviots {ishyVts) and serges {up r) with-the view {Join the u) to-your selection of -such patterns {pt^rns) as happen to strike your fancy {fn,s). We carry a full line {of the) very best London importations {nip ,r ,t ,-tions) and would-be very pleased {stloop) to-receive a note from-you saying {stroke ing) that-you had decided to let-us {Its) send you several suits on approval {pr,z'l). This-is {ith,^ large ses circle) not our usual custom, but-the excellent references which-you have sent {circle s,?it^) us lead us to believe that-we-shall make no mistake in giving you this unusual {n,zhl) opportunity to become familiar with-the quality {kl,t^)oi-ouT goods. Please allow us to hear from-you at-your convenience, and believe us to be. Your obedient servants {up r), {^40) {i\ minutes) The practice cf writing each dictation into longhand should not be dis- continued. Nothing else will insure the accuracy whicti is so necessary to a suc- cessful stenographer. 64 Business Letters 10. The following Exercise contains all the Grammalogues given on pages 60 and 62, and should be practiced from dicta- tion until it can be written in four minutes. on-the-other-hand, grammalogue o?t, original thr half length with the n hook. My -dear Tom, I-shall give you my opinion on Phono- graphy. I-think-it-is an important improvement, and-that- it-will-be a very good thing for-myself, and equally so for every gentleman who-would improve himself in-the nature and spirit of-those*-things which-are good and true. I-cannot- see why more do-not think {of -the) general use and importance of-it, and how-much {ow,m,ch) it-would improve them beyond others, as it ever will improve all who-have {grammalogue who, V hook) pleasure in-it, and whose usual principle it-is to think things out, and put them down with their hands. Think how- good you, too, might have-been at it, if-you had improved every particular opportunity which-you have had during-the year. It-will give me much pleasure, and O, how happy I- shall-be to see that you-are doing what you-can to improve in- your Phonography. There-is a great advantage in-it, because, if-you go on with-it, and do-not give it up, after a short while you-will-have much good from it. However, j'ou-may-not {you, m'lt) see the truth of-this at first. A while ago, I- was told by Dr. T., Mr. J., your principal, and other gentlemen, that-it-was so very difficult that-several of-their members could-not, and so would-not, go on with-it. I-was-not told whether these gentlemen are near Boston or not. But though one, two, or any large number may call it difficult, yet the truth is given to us that-we should use it, and ever do according to it. We may think there-is a differ- ence of opinion as-to how it-is-to-be done, but if- we go through it with care, and do what we-can, we-shall see that our opin- ioiisjare-not so very different from each-other, but, on-the- otb^-jland, equal. Tlierefore, think upon these things, and above all re- member the language of truth as-it-is given to us in-the Word of God, without-which we-cannot-be, nor do, as we should. When-it-is remembered that-the Lord over all is He whose word to us is "Come to-me," and-that to-Him weoweall-that- we-have, we-will call upon Him with awe, and thank Him by whose mere good pleasure it-is that-we-can, under Him, goon toward every improvement. — Selected. (4 minutes) {4^7 ) * Always insert the vowe! in those when phrased. Business Letters 6s 11. Continue practicing "Dear Tom" for speed. Write the initials "T. J.," in longhand. Intelligence, ntj, n hook cloied'^ . Indignant, nd,g^ . Something, circle s,m,ing^ . Dr. T. J. Smith, Boston, Mass. Dear-Friend: I-was happy to hear from-you the other day, and have taken the first opportunity to write to-you in-replv You remember that dog of-mine of-which-you-are so fond? Well, something happened last-week {ls,k^) that I-cannot help writing about, because I-am-sure you-will like to hear of-it. I-had occasion to attend to some important business away from-the hotel, but I thought it best to leave the animal be- hind {^,t4p hnd). After going a little way I found it neces- sary to pay some money, and on opening my purse shortly afterwards (ft,wds) I discovered {ds. A', duplicate vr halved) that I-had in some way or other lost a $5 bill. Of-course I- was indignant over my carelessness, all-the more because I- was very sure when you heard of-it you would tease me, as you generally do when you get the chance. However, I thought nothing more of-it until I got back to-the hotel, when some gentlemen there informed me that there-was surely something wrong with-the dog, for not only had it refused to- take any food, behaving (^, up hv, dot ing} very strangely dur- ing my absence, but had growled savagely at anyone who attempted to go near it. No amount of coaxing seemed to- make any improvement, nor would it allow them to-take away the dish {up ish) containing its dinner. When I entered the room, however. Jack instantly {ins J nt J separate) came forward and, would j^ou believe it? he had that very $5 bill in-his mouth and he laid it at my feet as quietly as you please. Then you-should-have seen him go for his-dinner with every appearance {p.rns) of sharp (y?/-, /) hunger! Now do-not laugh at-this, for I-am-sure you would- have-been just as pleased as I-was at-the dog's intelligence. Write now, as-soon-as you get time, and remember me with love to all-the folks. As ever, Affectionately-yours, {335) (3I minutes) 66 Business Letters A FEW SUGGESTIONS In connection with writing from dictation and increasing speed. 1. Secure a Reader, or person to dictate. Then put into his hands the matter to be dictated, for the first few dictations being such matter as has already been gone over by the student and made familiar; afterward, absolutely new matter is the best. 2. Two pencils well sharpened, or one pointed at both ends, should be provided, and a stiff-covered note book held on the. knee. 3. The dictator should read slowly, at first, the matter to be written, going only so fast as the writer can follow with a little effort, and with special care as to accuracj^ of outline. In the case of new or unfamiliar words, one or more vowels should be inserted while writing, especially in those words which begi7i with a vowel, in halved strokes standing alone, and in proper names. A judicious use of vowels is very essential and helpful, but a careful observance of Wxo. positions of words is of the highest importance. At every pause in the dictation, the writer should put vowels into words already written that may seem to be somewhat ambiguous in outline (See p. 53). 4. Watch the inflection of the speaker's voice, and do not fail to indicate full stops. This is done in rapid writing, by making a long '' scratch" period, like a double- length chay. The beginnings of paragraphs should also be marked, by dropping to the next line and making a regular paragraph mark, thus ■[ at the beginning of the line. 5. Keep in mind the sense of what is being dictated, and if this is found difficult, after the reader has dictated half a dozen sentences, close your book and repeat in your own words the substance of what you have just written. This should be done often until the sense of the dictation can ba followed without effort. 6. When proper names occur, indicate them by placing beneath such outlines (under the line) two short parallel marks, as shown en page 12. It is very important that pro- Business Letters per nouns should thus be denoted, and if there is not time to both insert a vowel and put in the capitalizing marks, by all means use the latter. 7. Whenever possible, write proper names in shorthand, but where these are spelled peculiarly, "scribble" the long- hand quickly, so that no time may be lost. 8. Do not repeat half aloud the words as they are dic- tated. This will retard your own speed, and greatly anno}' the dictator. The secret of rapid writing, after the principles have been thoroughly mastered, is to put down instantly the first outline which presents itie/f to the mind. There is no danger in doing this if the preliminary study has been well done, and any mistakes which are made in thus writing the outlines can be easily corrected when the dictation is again gone over for transcription. 68 Business Letters 12. The tick the is joined to above, according -to, after, all, and, as, at, but, by, during, for, from, had, if, have, in, is, near, nor, not, of, on, over, see, should, that, there, without, when, as follows: 1. \:::..x.iirll...A..^,. k -v-.i. v^ 2. ^ -- ^ ^-l-^r-j <, , owin^, Z/ZJ.1 manufacturer. m,n.f,k^ special, circle s, f , difficulty, df,j^ Messrs. Dane Brothers {br, duplicate thr), Baltimore {b,lt,mr), Md. {Longhand) Gentlemen : We-are- favored with your inquiry for prices and il- lustrations of- our work, and take-pleasure in forwarding {stroke in;) you catalogues. We-are-unable-to {n,blt) quote {kwt) prices direct {dr,kt), owing to an existing contract with Arnold {R,n,Ld) & Bell of -your city which gives {goys^ ) them privilege {pr,vlj) of exclusive sale n Baltimore. These parties keep a large stock of-our work on hand, and will-be- able-to supply {s circle, pi) you at a slight advance {dv,ns) over factory {f,k,t,r) prices, and at quite {kwi^ ) an advan- tage to-5'^ou in saving of freight {duplicate fr halved). If-you-are in-the market for a supply of work, we-can sell you at as low prices as can-be obtained, and think our work has many special points of merit {m,r,t) which-you- will-not-find in-that furnished {dupli:ate fr^n hook, halved ish) by other manufacturers. Special attention is given to-the preparation {rr,p,r,-tion on upper side of r) of-our goods for ex- port {ks,p,rt), and there- will-be no difficulty in-your receiving them in good condition. We-are just getting out a good article {rt,kl) which we-are offering at a very low figure^. {f,gr) , and we would call special attention to-that part {- 'V X > .^ O; '.U ■< \ :^ -Ix^ Write into Shorthand. 1. Position, sensation, "propositions, requisition. 2. Decision, imposition,* deposit ion,' Christian. 3. Dispensation,? realization, inquisition, _inclsionsv EXERCISE ON THE S-tion Affix. The words printed in italics in the following Exercise are the only ones to be written according to this principle. luterestingr, m, circle s, t, dot ing; phoDOifraplier, /«, r; subject, circle s, b, J ; naturally, downward I joined to the gram- malogue for ''nature" ; remarkable, r, mr. The precision with-which the condensation of a long and interesting address can-be made by a well-trained phonographer is remarkable. There-is- no hesitation nor indecision, whether the subject be taxaii- v, he transition period of English literature (/, tr, tr), or the accession of au >.mp;ror to-his tnrone; and though-the compensation is often entirely inaJtquate, the process of analyzation got% on, the various. facts brought out fall raiurally into /^j/7/4J//, and as rajuisition after requisition is made, almost wi'hout cessation the work is executed, making the phonographer of to-day one {of-the) marvels (mr,v,Ls) of modern {md,rn^ ) civilization. (97) (l mtfr'tf) yo Business Letters 13. understand, 7ids,tnd^ Company k^ reorganization, r, separated li,gns,back tion speak, circle s,p^ Hon. {nr,f>l) Joseph Morgan {fnr,gn), Nashville, {n,ish,vl), Tenn. {t,n,s). Dear-Sir: We-have-not yet been able-to {halved bl) come to any decision regarding {r^grd^dot ing) your proposition for-the tax- ation of stockholders {st loop,k,l,drs) in-the new Company. We-have just had a large accession of new subscribers {circle s^bs,k;brs), and this has made quite a sensation on-the Street. It-would seem, therefore, as though such an authorization as you refer to, in-the-present position of affairs, might seem like an imposition, and perhaps result in-the deposition of some of-our most trusted officers {fs,rs). This would necessi- tate {n,sei,U) a complete reorganization (, 7ip r, up shl) see. In-consequence of this, next day the doctor was ready to-do the same to the other eye. When-the animal was brought and heard the doc- tor's voice, it lay down of-itself, placed its head quietly on'one side, curled up its trunk, and drew in-its breath like a human being about to go through a painful operation (/>, r-tio7i) . When- the operation was over, by shaking its trunk and other ges- tures (y,^,/,r^),it gave evident {yd.nt) signs of wishing {ish,ing^) to show its thankfulness for-the cure performed by-the doctor. This incident, coming, as it did, under my own observa- tion, made a strong impression {m,pr,-tio?i) upon me, and-the more I came {k,m) in contact with-those intelligent creatures {h',t,Rs), the more I came to admire their sagacity. I should like to write you more on this-subject, but will reserve {rs,rz!) this for-my next epistle {ps,l). I-shall run out to see you in a few days, and-then we-can have a good chance to talk over old times, and some of-my late exper- iences. Till then, I-am, Your devoted (dvjd) cousin, (4 }ni7i7iies) ■ ( J7^ ) '^^ DOUBLE-LENGTHS. When a simple, or hooked, curved stroma is made TWICE its ustial length, it expresses the ^addition of tr, dr, thr, or^THR; thus -r" " matter ^C^^^ father; Q^ flutter; VJ' fender ; /^"^laughter, etc., but ng^or mpwhen doublea^ecome ng-ker or ng-ger,mper pr mber; thus /r'**~'^onger;Z_,^,;__5J. inker; L- — v temper ;A--€hamber. A double-length letter is vocalized like a half- length one, ■; thus V: feather, V future. On a simple stem the addeusyllable is read LAST; also if the stem is hooked; for instance, the word Nor- thern mixst bewritten'^^^ NOT^^_,_^as the latter would be NORNTHER: When a double-length ends with- a circle, however, the circle is, as in every other instance, read last,as^^ ^ matters, NOT MASTER; K/ fathers, NOT FASTER.: This principle is also applicMfiLe to STRAIGHT STROKES when they end with the hook n,or circle ns,thus ""X^ pointer, X ' binders ^^^ or are preceded by a full- length stroke, tmis 'vi^-o^umerat or; but NOT when they stand alone or < are hooked only initially; thus it does not apply to\p,\-pl,'\ pr, \ sp,'\spr,^>^, etc. For Plat- ter write \, NOT \ \ Never tae doiAI^-lengtKl(/^p) -ta add anything but Iter; » write /^ leader, /^llouder, // leather, etc. A full or half-length may either precede or fol- lowa double-length consonant, as '"^^^ inventor ./'1~~n/" motherless,: — ^'^'^rOumberland. But a naif-length or full-length consonant may not either iinmediately pre- cede or directly follow a double-length consonant un- less they form an ANGLE at- the point of 'union, or /} show the junctlar^y a difference of thickness ;thus^ shoulder, NOT ^ The past tense of words involving the double- length principle is expressed in the same way as words composed of simple consonants; thus ~^ order Aj or- dered, L thunder, fi thundered. 1 Whew the final syllable of a word to which'this, principle applies is accented, as in MATURE, the double length should not be used. Write "^ « Exercise 5. 1, ' / ^ ^ '> Ekercise 6. 1. Future, softer, laughter, thunder, shutter; captor. 2. Smother, another, in- there , center , f oimder , tinder. 3. Latter , disorder , features , chamber, flatter , shatter. .4. Oysters, defender, rector. tender, educator,louder. Business Letters 15. Before taking this dictation, thoroughly study the Double Length Principle. Write each word under this principle at least ten times in shorthand and longhand until every word and its construction is thoroughly familiar. When constructing a word according to the Double- Length Principle, the part of the word which is to be made double length is what remains after cutting off the final tr, dr, thr or THR syllable; thus, painter, cut off ter, leaving p, n hook; therefore double-length stroke pwith the n hook and the word pamter is obtained; rejoinder without the ''der" is r, jn; therefore double- length the j with n hook, with r preJixed, to get rejoinder. The words printed in italics in the following Exercise are to be written according to the Double- Length Principle. character, /{-r./f-i objection, (J,y\-//i?;/ 2 probably, ^/-,(^ represeutative, ;-,/>:• ^ prejudice, prjd^ believe,^/3 KesiguatioD, r {up), s circe, gay. Mr. Alexajider Carpenter, Ciimberland, Md. My-dear-Vr\Q.r\(l: ( 7n double, duplicate frnd) Yonr-letter {of the) 23rd instant was duh' received, and you-may well believe I read it with great interest. I-think it- was about last Easter that matter came up about which-you wrote. One {of the) directors of our Bank was traveling in- the South at that time, just returning from Florida {jl,r,d). I remember it distinctly {d,st loop,ng, t,l), for-he wrote me about it at-the-time. He-said he-was about to order an inves- tigation relative {r,t,tv) to-the character and standing of Mr. Vanderbilt { v double,n hook,b,lt), our representative in Cum- berland. After talking with a number {of the) agents (y«,/j ), as- well-as with-the Rector {of the) church {chr.ch) which he attended, he found only one who had any objection to \^an- dcrbilt, and he stated ( st loop,t,d) that-this was probably based upon prejudice. He consulted Mr. Cha?nbcrlai7i and several prominent {pr,m,n,nt^ ) business men and bankers who all gave Vanderbilt a. good word. He spent the remainder {of the) day with Rice, trying to get him to render an account of- his expenses, or surrender his agency {j,n,s). He-would do tieither and consequently {co?i dot,s circle, kwnt, I) he appointed another^ man in-his place. This, of-course. is a serious mat- ter, and makes the future anything but bright. I-fear that-it- will throw everything \\\\.o disorder , for while I-am-not {fmnt) a defender (f hook) of Rice. I-think there-are one or Xvco fea- tures of his case which-would warrant ( way,r,nt) softer treat- 74 Business Letters ment of-him*. However, he-is probably an old offender, and our Mr. Taintor generally knows what-he-is about. I-hope- you-will-have no further {duplicate fr) trouble in-the-wza/Zc-r, and-that some-other ( circle s, in double ) Company may- not ( 77int) get all-the business. Write me again soon if -there-is (/ double, circle s ) any- thing new, and believe me, Ever truly-yours, (3 minutes.^ {.^9^) 16. something, circle s,m,ing writer, ;- double Mr. F. L. Clarke, Towanda, Pa. Dear-Sir: We-have-received {u'ay,vs,vd) from our home works at Detroit 3'our-letter in-regard-to-the wood working machine. Will you kindly advise us how large a machine you would-be interested in, and also if-you would desire to-have one ( of the) latest tools, or something in-the second-hand line. We- have a number of second-hand machines, but our latest tool and-the one we-have-the greatest sale for is that shown in-the enclosed .circular (circle s,r,kl, J?). The writer leaves to-day on a trip that will bring him through Pennsylvania {ps,l,v,n ) probably the latter part of- this week or early next, and could readily arrange to call on you with full particulars of- this ma- chine which- would perhaps {pr,ps) be more interesting to- you than any descriptions we could give by correspondence {krs,pnd,ns). Will you do us the favor to reply at-once, with-the information asked for, and also state if-this proposed visit would suit your convenience. We take our chances of effecting a sale. Yours-truly, ( I ^ minutes ) ( ij6 ) To increase speed, when practicing a given Exercise, count off, say, So words, putting a J4 marlc at the emd of the first twenty words; a J^ mark at the end of the next twenty words ; a ^4 niark at the end of the next twenty words, and at the end of the last twenty words put a figure i. Proceed thus until the entire Exercise is divided off into sections 01 twenty words, as irdi- cated. Then by careful scrutiny of the watch, ihe reader can dictate each of these groups of words consecutively in each quarter of a minute, and the writer will thus be writing at the rate of 80 words a minute. ♦ Vocalize /i;>«, as directed on page 53. Business Letters 75 A WORKING LIST OF CONTRACTIONS. Contractions in Shorthand correspond to abbreviations in longhand. Thus, R-e-v is used to represent the word ''Rev- erend''; ''Gov." Governor, etc. Usually, the first two or three letters are made to stand for the entire word, but a few contractions are arbitrary. (See ' ' 7ievertheless, " " notwithstanding. ' ' ) Stenographers sometimes use Contractions of their own invention, such as m,m for '^memorandum; k,m,l,b for Chemical Laboratory, etc. The most complete list of Contractions ever published will be found on pages 153 to 159 inclusive, but on this and the next page are given a number of the more common ones which should be carefully committed to memory in the same way as the Grammalogues. Then write them, and the Exer- cise which follows, from dictation until all can be written at a high rate of speed. I ^ / Acknowledge Uv^ Adminis trat or Uv-oAdminis tratrix Advertise-d Altogether! Anything! Architect-ure Catholic Chapter -Character! ^ I Circumstance Commercial! Danger December I Defendant Y Deficiency \ Destruction U- Difficulty^ Ij Doctrine Uo^ Domes tic V Efficiently } Especial-ly <-^- Essential-ly k -^ ^ Establish- ed-ment Executor: •Executrf^ 3xpect-ed Febrimry lijOvem».ed.jnent — v^Iimiediate ,-^Vfiiffnediately "-T, Impossible^ / Inasmuch ^~^ Inconsistent vi- Indenture ^^ Individual Influence-d! ^-c/'lnfluential! ^A^Inforai-ed sJP Information! \j Instruction ■r^ Intelligent (Continued on the next page.) 76 CONTRACTIONS. (Continued). (The smalltfigures; refer -to position, as on the": preceding; page;) "I* Ipterest ^^ — Irregiilar \ Objection y^ Original /A. Republic y\ Respected •— ^^ingdoml ^ Ourselves /v Reverend / Knowledge \ Peculiar-ity i Satisfaction Magazine^ W Perform- ed ''^-N September "^"lillanuf ac t ur e \ Popular S Plaintiff v_ Several ^^ — ' Mechanic-al-^ <5-^-> Something / Messenger A _. Practiceii t Stranger / ^vAwetropolitan "X Prohahlei^y \ Prospect \ Publigh-ed \ Piibli cation Vr^ Phonographer \ Subject ^> — Mistake! V^ Subscription ^^"^ More thanl. \j Surprise! «r^ — Mortgage! y Natural-lyS ( Thankful! Together ^"^ Never V,3 — :: Plionographic vjLy Undersigned ^^Nevertheless .--^''Rather-wr i ter ^ Understand w^ Next / Regular t Understood ^.-o^ Nothing" /-^^^ Remark-e d-able ^ Welcome ^ Notwith- standing >^ November \ Object-ed /\ Represent-ed / Representation / \j Representative V. Whatever , Whenever ^^ Yesterday SEE NEXT PAGE FOR AN EXERCISE ON Tl IE CONTRACTIONS. (For additional Contractlone 163). } 686 page.) [ 1 Business Letters 77 17 EXERCISE ON THE CONTRACTIONS. owing, ing^^ performance,^, r {up),f, circle s majority, m, with a separated j beneath This Exercise is counted off at the rate of eighty words a minnte, and should be practiced in the same nanner as the "Dear Tom" Exercise until it can be taken easily at the rate of 150 words a minute. Dear- Madam : The administrator and administratrix {0/ the) defendant acknowledge the circumstance that-they had advertised in a commercial paper {\) for-the last- week {ls,k^) of December the goods-chattels-and-credits {see page 82) {of the) plaintiff, both domestic and otherwise, in-the {\) establishment {of the) de- ceased individual. The character {of the) goods was altogether satisfactory, several articles naturally bringing high prices, and (f) probably the prospect for-the heirs {of the) deceased is rather more-than expected, especially owing to- the essential fact (i) that-the executor and executrix will mortgage the property. The indenture of mortgage will immediately be executed, and inasmuch-(-|)-as-the architecture is {of the) old Catholic style and-not original, will fetch a good price, and we- (^) -have-no-doubt surprise the undersigned, for- which we should-be thankful. We understand, or rather understood, that a welcome(f) subscription for-the stranger by several reverend, respected and popular gentlemen is to-be made, and to-our knowledge there-{2)-is-no objection or reason why we ourselves should- not perform some kind act, the performance of -which, in-this {\) peculiar case, notwithstanding the mistake made by-the majority', will meet with great satisfaction. They say the eldest (/, d, st loop) child {chld^) comes (^) of age in Septem- ber. This-subject, together with whatev'er may follow, and whenever it may happen, will give the administrator {%) no trouble, in-the regular course of things. The phonographer took phonographic notes at-the death {of the) testator. They (3) have-been published in a remarkable publication which-is represented b\" a representative {of the) Republic. Neverthe- less, next-week {ns,k) we-(:^)-shall call a me.QX.\ng{of the) exec- utors, nothing happening to-the contrary. By November everything will-be settled, {h) The interest on-the houses will- be something large, but somewhat {some, halved) irregular. I noticed yesterday, in-the first chapter of-(f )-that maga- zine article, that-the whole kingdom seems to-have an interest in-this-case. An intelligent man informed me (4) that an influential friend of-his, who has influence with-the metropol- itan people, and whose efflciency cannot-be doubted, was {\) 78 Business Letters in danger of destruction because of deiicieut instruction in Phonography. This information was brought by a messenger, though I object (^) to such a mechanical mode, The manu- facture of anything mvolvino;()i,v,/,v,dof z^^c^) great difficulty is opposed (st loop) to-the doctrine of good government, (f) Yours-respectfully, (j<^'2) (/ mijiiite:) AN ADDITIONAIv EXERCISE ON THE CONTRAC- TIONS. This Exercise is counted off at the rate of So words a minute. Mr. W. H. Jackson, 156 Fifth Avenue, N. Y. Dear Sir : ' * . I acknowledge the receipt of-your interesting letter {of (I) the) 22d inst, about the Rev. Mr. Smith, who advertised for a phonographer in-the Daily Times. I-think there-will-be a good-deal of difficulty in finding one who can do the regular work in a satisfactory (f ) way. Several day^ ago, a stranger came to-me, and said something about a magazine which he- was going to (i) establish, and I understood him to say that whenever his publication came out, he-would-be ready to cm- ploy a {\) phonographer, especially if she were efficient. He said, however, that under no circumstances would he accept any one who could-(^)-not give satisfaction. Now, it-is very difficult, if-not impossible, to obtain immediately an intelligent girl who-is a (f) good typewriter, especi; lly for a large business in which the manufacture of articles like yours is carried on. East November (2) there came to-me a pretty rapid writer, who I thought would prove to-be quite remarkable. She represented herself Q) as having a thorough {ith,r) knowl- edge {of the) Isaac Pitman System {circle s, halved s, m). She said she had-beeu in Government employ; that her (^) prospects were good ; but that notwithstanding all this, some individ- ual, whom she did-not name but who was quite influential (^), had used his influence 16 get some-one {some, n hook) else in her place, and-that altogether she felt pretty badly about (3) it ; and while she had no objection to performing the regular and natural duties of an ordinary {Rd, nr) stenographer {st loop, 11, gr, duplicate fr) she did (|-) object to being given architectural work, inasmuch-as she never expected to-do anything of-that kind, and had had {\) no instruction in-that sort of work. I gave her a trial, but, like many others, she knew next (f) to nothing about indentures or administrators and admin- Business Letters yg istratrices ; executors and executrices ; mortgages and testa- tors, and therefore, in spite of her (4) representations, I-had to let her go yesterday. I-think she would make a first class domestic, for she is (l) a peculiar individual, and might be quite popular in-thatliue. Now I-hope-you-will pardon me for writing (^) you such a long letter about such a small matter, but since you asked me for information, I naturally wanted to (^) give vou all I- had. Any-one who-is engaged, as we-are, in commercial work, can understand the difficulty (5) of getting just the right party. Hoping to hear from-you again, I remain, Yours-respectfully, i^^s) {^\ 7ninutes) 19 special, circle s, p Mr. John T. Adler, {d,l,R) Toledo, Ohio. Dear-Sir : Referring {stroke ing) to-your- letters and telegrams (//, gr, ms) the receipt of-which-was acknowledged yesterday, we- regret that-we-are-obliged to delay your advertising, and our only reason for doing {stroke iyig) so is that-it-seems- to-be for your advantage that-we should. The advertisement sent us occupies considerably more space than you have stipulated {st loop, pj,td), too much space, in- fact (w,^'/^) to enable us to cover the country {k?it,r) as it-should-be covered for- the a- mount of-your remittance {r,m,tfis). If, however, you decide that proof No. i, enclosed herewith {tick h,R, itli) is to-be used, we- will proceed to give you what we consider best ser- vice for-the money ; but we favor cutting down-the advertise- ment so-that it-will go in less space, and suggest copy No. 2 as a subsitute {circle s,bs,tt,7ijoi7ied). This letter is sent under special delivery stamp {st loop, mp) and ought to reach you promptly. Telegraph (//, gr/) us your decision in-the-matter {1^ minutes) Yours-truly. {159) Messrs. Ambler, Marvin & Stockton, Leavenworth, Kansas. Gentlemen : We call 3'our attention to-our letter {of the) i8th contain- ing draft for $100 upon Mr. J. E. Hunt {jip Imt) of-your city. This draft was payable on-the 24th, and we should-be in pos- session {0/ the) proceeds ere this. Will you kindly give the matter your attention, and let-us hear from-you. {\ minute) Yours-truly, {66) So Business Letters THE LAST OF THE GRAMMALOGUES. The list of Grammalogues contained on pages 60 and 62 contains all that are used in ordinary business correspondence. To make the list complete, however, the following" should be included. These are used mostly in reporting sermons, lectures, etc., and should be carefully committed to memory and practiced now. Write a page of each in longhand and shorthand ( The letters t and d printed close to the precrdirg letters indicate a halved stroke. The r, 1, n and f hooks and the circle s are represented in the same manner). Ah, Heaz'y doO- able to, i build, U/^2 building;, S approve, prv^ j as has, i Hsliis, y large circle^ as is, ) at all, //I belief, 1 believe, '-//3 believed, S called, Ali^ car.d. ( , 3 conn, I *'^' carr, krt^ chair, chr~ cheer, chr^ child, ckidi^ Christian, i. a i Christianity, S cold, ' ,,,n equalled, i '"'^'' equal, Al- gent* ration, jtion {^loritied, 1 Klorily, \gl^ glory, ) gold, gld^ giiard, grd'^ had not, dnfy his is, i is as, ;-/ar^,f circle^ is his, \ holy, h («/)S^ hour, r (up^ house, hs (up)^ if It, ffi Imposbible, mps^ itself, i,ses~i larger, jr. I- liberty, /•>•■ meet, mi- met. »«/! must, »(, stlocp^ 20 Sgi. out of. tv^ religion, y«3 religious. y>' Maviour, j, v~ Scripture, skr^ st-nt, J, nt'^ significant, 1 significance, I signified, ['' signify, J ^pecia' )y, j/3 strength, j, tr'-^ thank ed, thy themselves, th, ses^ third, i/ird^ (dup) thus, ihi,^ tlivsel', th, ses^ till It, ///t trieil. tra^ which have, chv'^ whither, wifl- EXERCISE ON THE ADDITIONAL WORD-SIGNS CONTAINED IN THE FOREGOING LIST AND NOT INCLUDED IN EXERCISE NO. 10. I-believe that-the principles of-true religious liberty are to-be met with in-the Holy-Scripture, aud-that ye and-all- this-generation ought to-remain strong in-the belief of-our holy Christian religion and-in-the most-important (ms, mp'^) work of Christianity itself. We should on no account seek to glorify ourselves, or to speak of-our-own {n hook) special glory. Thus every-one should seek to approve himself to-God our Saviour, and seek strength from-Him (vocalize him). When on earth He always {graynmalogiie all, with circle s) went whither He-was sent, and was glorified by doing-the will of-His Heaven ly-P'ather {vn, double- letigth J). Owing to- its great importance, this- subject should receive a larger share of attention than is usually given to-it. A house will generally indicate or signify the mental (w, n,t,l) state of-its occupant (*, pnt ) — Reportiiig Exercises. {\\ mijiutes) i-^S-/) Business Letters FURTHER SUGGESTIONS. Having become thoroughly familiar with all the Grammalogues and the Contractions given on pages 74 and 75, every opportunity for taking notes of sermons, lectures and public meetings should be embraced. At the outset the writer will, of course, be unable tokeep up with the speaker, but a few trials will render the labor less irksome and increase the speed of the writer. "The object, at first," says Mr. Pitman, " should not be to write as rapidly as possible, but rather to take down only so n.uch of what is said as can be readily deciphered afterwards. The joung reporter should be cautioned against leaving off in the middle of a sentence and commencing another with the speaker. His object should be to secure as many com- pete sentences as possible. Where only detached words and parts of sentences are written, no sense can be made of the report, but if care be taken to put down as much as possible of the sense of the speaker as above directed, the mind will be called into more active exercise, and the art of verbatim reporting will be more speedily obtained. "The mind and the hand of the Phonographic student should be con- stantly engaged in forming and writing outlines, and as they are mentally conce.ved, the hand can trace them on imaginary paper." The student should also read as much shorthand as possible, either from this book or f om books printed in Phonography, for practice in reading is second only in importance to practice in writing shorthand. The following books are recommended at this stage : Extracts Nos, i, 2 and 3. Reporting Exercises and Key. The Phonographic Reader. Business Correspondence Nos. i and 2. Like the piano player who wishes to become proficient in the use of that instrument, the learner of shorthand should seize every opportunity for practicing. Word forms, word-signs, contractions, phrases and writing from dictation should all form a part of the stenographer's daily practice until he can write at least 100 to 125 words per minute. A well-known Western reporter says: " Copy correctly written shorthand until it is written on the m'nd, and then write the matter over and over again. Write from dictation until your arms are ready to fall off, until your friends flee at the sight of }ou. Write thousands of pages of shorthand, and go through the same pro- cess which has made you so familiar with longhand writing, the same process which has made you able to walk without effort, to speak without liesitation. For in spite of all an3'one can say to the contrary, the stenog- rapher who is deficient in speed, who cannot put on paper the matter spoken, as it is spoken, in such legible form that he can read it after- ward, must of necessity fail in his work as a verbatim reporter." When taking dictation., if the stenographer finds himself falling behind the dictator with no apparent chance of cstching up, he should call out the last connected word he has in mind or is able to write. Do not interrupt the train of thought of the dictator by saying, "What did j-ou sa\% sir?" or " I lost a word there !" The calling out of your last word, however, is no interruption, and enables the dictator to go back and continue his train of thought. « 82 Business Letters 21 Mr. J. E. Calhoun {k,/,n), Atlanta, Ga {JrJ). Dear-Sir : Your-letters of June loth and 13th to hand, and enclosure {n,k/,zhr) has-been placed to-your credit with thanks. In- regard-to-the Oxford ties upon your invoice of April 29th, we- regret exceedingly that-these goods did-not come up to-your expectations, and rather-than (r double, n hook) have you dissatisfied {ds,ts,/t) we- will make you a reduction of ten cents a pair upon-the price. Enclosed we hand you bill-of -lading {b,lj) for-the five cases shipped on-the 29th of May. These are-the goods upon your invoice of May 28th. We-hope that-the-same have come to hand ere this, and-have proved satisfactory. The balance of-your goods ordered from our Mr. Allen are in-the works making, and receiving prompt attention. They will-be ex- actly {ks,kt,lS) like the sample shown you, you-can rest as- sured of-that, and we-are confident that they will please you. Soliciting your further orders, we-are, Yours-truly, {^6^) {1% minutes) Dear-Sir : We-have your endorsement under policy 329,767, and beg you-will-have the kindness to pay the pro-rata return premium to-morrow, and retire our policy. We-have this risk marked to drop at expiration {ks,p,r,-tiofi), and as you-will- have to provide for it elsewhere {ls,R), you might as well do it to-morrow as a few days later. Please give the matter your prompt attention, and oblige, Respectfully-yours, {81) (f mhiute) 83 A LIST OP USEFUL BUSINESS AND LAW PHRASES. . Every Phrase en this page should be written from fifty to one hundred times, longhand and shorthand. Affectionately yours L I would say ] As soon as possible^. ^ ^Last Will and. I Testament At a Special Term 1 Cordially yours, v^d Dear Madam. i.... Dear Sir ..^ Goods, chattels and credits Goods, wares and merchandise My dear Friend My dear Madam My dear Sir Party of the first y part \' Party of the second \ Dart ... \ part .- - Sealed and delivered In the presence of *T Sworn to before me That the matter _Ar: Very respectfully "V"^ Very truly ^^ Very truly yours v, I am in receipt of your favor I am in receipt of your order 1 am sorry I hope you will \r/^_ , I hope you will be V/ \ I hope you will find v/ • — -^ We are in receipt In regard to the matter of your letter Yes sir cK Your order received "^^^ ^¥ours received >^^ In the year of our LQr^^\J. In witness whereof In reply to your favor In the presence of each other. ,_. / ~v^ 2urs very truly 84 Business Letters 3» Mr. R. T. Munson, San Francisco {duplicate frs^k"^), Cal, {klj,r^->i) My-dear-Sir: {tn double, drs,R) In- reply to-your-letter {ti,pl, R, I double) {of the) second of January {j,Ji^ ), I-would-say that in-regard-to-the promis- sory-note, there-is-no-doubt that-it-is lost. I-am-sorry for- this, but I-hope-you-willbe-able-to find it even yet. Enclosed-please-find (//, kls,ps,fnd) my check for $238.29, balance-due {b,l,ns,d, u Joined on) insurance {?t,sAr,ns) policy No. 32,461. As-soon-as-possible I-will send j'ou another check, and-in-the-meantime trust-you-will-have no difficulty in settling up the matter, I-am-afraid there-is-something wrong with-the bill-of- lading which-should-have reached me last-week {ls,k^). There-seems-to-be some mistake some- where, for-you-will notice that-the order calls for 2,000 {2 ith) pounds, whereas {7vh,rs) 1,500 were shipped. At-any-rate {t,nrt), we-shall each get our pro-rata share, I-trust, and inasmuch-as you-are-not responsible for-the loss {of the) goods, it won't make so-much difference to-you, I suppose. I wrote you another letter yesterday, in-which-you- will- find a statement of account for- the- year ending June ist, igoo. Please acknowledge receipt as-soon-as convenient. If-you should-be-able-to give me some definite (//ic^?/^) information in-the-matter {of the) Railroad {two upward r's, close together) Company, Ishould-be-obliged. Hoping to hear from-you soon, Very-truly-yours, (^/p) (2^ tniiiutes) COMPOUNDS OF HERE, THERE, WHERE, ETC. Many words in common use are compounded with the adverbs here, there, where, etc. Whenever any of these, or similar words, contain the prepo- sition "of" as hereof, thereof, whereof, etc., the stroke V is used, thus tick h, downward r, stroke v,=hereof. ¥ or hereto, thereto, etc., the Grammalogue "to" may be used. For the syllable "with," — herewith, therewith, etc., — use the stroke th. "Under," when found in such words, is usually separated from the preceding syllable; so is "after." "Above" is joined. "On" is represented by the hook A'; " in " by the stroke N, when compounded with here, there, or where. Heretofore, — halved "here," Grammalogue "for"; so also with "there- tofore." Write " wherefore," wh, ray, f, dowmvard R. Therefore with the Grammalogue, — double length duplicate thr ; but there/or, — the adverb, — with the Grammalogues "there" and "for" joined. Business Letters 85 23 Mr. C. H. Chandler, 15 Broadway, New York. Dear-Sir: Your favor {of the) 30th inst. at-hand and in-reply would- say, that- the store and basement 52 Pine Street must-be rent ed together. We think that if-you-make us an offer of $2, 200 on a lease of two years, we might be-able-to obtain the store and basement for-you, and-in case you had no use for- the basement, we-feel that-we would-have no difl&culty in securing you a tenant for it. We - have - several parties talking in - reference - to - the {n,fs, tick the dowii) rental {r?itj) of this-store, and we would urge prompt action should you desire to secure it. Hoping to hear from-you soon, we-are, Very-truly-yours, i^^p) {\\ nmiutes) J. T. Smith, Esq., St-Augustine, Fla. ' Dear-Sir: Your-favor {of the) 20th inst. informing me that you would-not-be-in-your office yesterday at 10 A. m., but would- be there at one o'clock, was-not receiv'ed when I left my office yesterday. That-is how I came to miss you. I-have return- ed your papers, and regret to say that-the prospect for pur- chasing {stroke i)ig) the business is slight. I-would prefer to talk to-ycu personally in detail, but owing to illness {up I) at home, and a rush of business of various kinds, my time is used up to such an extent, both day and evening, that I-will have to ask you to excuse me until some-time next-week. At- present would-say count me out on the deal, as I-am-not sufficientl}" sanguine {s,ing,gwn) relative to-its consummation to justify me in keeping j'ou waiting. Hoping to see you soon, I-am, Yours-very-truly, , {1^0) {\\ mintites) 86 Business Letters :pREFIX IN- OR UN-7, The prefix'IN- or UN- may be^expressed^before.the treble 'Consonants*spr,-str', skt, and before'h,*by a BACK hook; thus VJ inspiration, IL instruct /^^inherit. This abbreviation cannot safely be used in insolvent, insoluble, ^unholy,- etc. ,-because/^lnsolvent,-a< unholy, would not be_sufficiently distinct from solvent, ^z^^' holy oY', _, Write into Longhand. ^ ,^ 2, ^^ •^.. ^^^ -\J U I" ^ ^--^. Write into Shorthand. 1; Instructor, -inhabitant, instruct, iriscriber. 2. InJiabitable,. inhere, instructing, unstrung. 24. John Brown, Esq., Elizabeth, N. J. My-dear-Sir : In-reply-toyour-ietter-(<7/'-/^^)-23rd ult., I-would-say the difficulty you describe has no bearing whatever upon our part {of the) contract. We deem it no part of-our duty to apprise subscribers {of the) ultimate failure of a firm, when our reports have foreshadowed the events for months, and had you been warned by the information contained therein, would-have had no credit dealings with-the subjects {of the) reports. We spare no expense to-make our reports reliable, and why should they be disregarded by any subscriber who-is seeking to protect himself against unscrupulous traders ? I regret that-the-matter has resulted so disastrously to- you, but can see no reason to believe that-it-was due to lack of fulfillment of any part of-our agreement. Yours- very-truly, {h8) {\\ miiiutes) Business Letters 87 PREFIXES. Besides "the"" prefix CON and affix -^.INGr there are a few additional prefixes and af fixes. lis ed in reporting. They; are as follows:-^ 1. Int8r;intro w , as ""^ interview,'"'U-,introductionJ 2. Magna.magni,^--^ as^T^^l-^inagnanimoiisivjijnagnificent. 3. Self^q^^asjjr-^ self-same ;-ol^"self-control.j Interfere, interpose, intercept, interdict,, interject, interval, intercessor. Enterprise, entertain, introduce,; introduction, intermission. Magnify, ^magnificent,"' magnificence , magniloquent , magnitude. Self-love, self-hood, self-respect, self- righteous, self-conceit. EXERCISE ON THE PREFIXES. (the prefix words are printed IX ITALICS.) The introductio7i of electricity as a motive power bids fair to work a revolution in-the methods of modern {md,rn) trans- portation {tr, circle s, /, r up, /, -Hon hook)^ both interstate and in'ernational. Years-ago, when steam was first introduced, many self -conceited, self-sustained and self-willed people looked upon- the enterprise with suspicion, and interposed objections, claiming that it-would iiterfere with-the current modes of locomotion, instead of proving to-be the boon which it soon became. The magnificent locomotives {of the) present-day which-are engaged in interstate traffic, and by-means-of-which operations {/>, r, -tions) of great m ignitude are carried {k, r, d) on, seem to warrant the more advanced among men of science in entertaining the hope that ere long steam itself will-have given place entirely to electricity, even as-the telegraph (//4^^^) has superseded the pony express. {^27) 88 Business Letters 35 Messrs. Brown & Jones, Canton, O. Gentlemen: In-reply-to-your-favor {of the) 25th ult. we-beg to say that- we-received on January 16 through our attorneys, Messrs. Cornhill &' Co., $1,000 on account of principal {of the) Dublin & Co. loan-and interest on-tlie same from October 12, 1900, date of payment. We-are also in-receipt-of {71s, t, v hook) coupons for balance representing interest on loan for time ex- tended. We had acknowledged receipt of- this to Messrs. Cornhill & Co., and supposed that-they would-have receipted to-you. Yours-very-respectfully, (i minute) {98) Messrs. Prince, Evans & Co., St.-Iyouis, Mo. Gentlemen : Enclosed-please-find copy of-your import order, placed by- your Mr. Prince, while in our city, consisting {of the) ioWom- ing numbers : No. 7158/6- " 7175 - " 7212 - " 104532- " 7060/6- " 7061 - " 7063/6- 25 pieces 25 8 15 30 5 10 10 36 yards 2-1/4 in. Margin 6 in. 2 in. 5 in. $.06 .06 - -14 3/4 .II 3/4 .16 1/2 .06 3/4 .11 .19 1/2 All subject to 33 1/3 trade discount, 7/10-60 May ist, 1901. Two pieces each for sample, to be delivered July 15th. All goods to be made of Nainsook Cloth. Yours- very-truly, {184) (if minutes) Business Letters 89 AFFIXES. TheAflSxes -ality, -ility, -arity, etc., are shown by separat- ing from the rest of the word the consonant immediately pre- ceding the Afl&x, thus, b, up r, b separated =^ barbarity. 1. -ality, -ility, -arity, etc., as carnality *"ZI^; penalty V^^formality'^^ 'jStability ^-n^ 'barbarity \Xj. (j_,^^ingularity; \ popularity; /^T^ regularity. ^ 2.-ly, /^as's/'friendly. This'does'^not interfere with -ality. It is generally, more convenient to join the 1; as ./goodly. 3. Mental, mentality^ , as u instrumental or instru- mentality; lo-- fundamental; W ins trranen tali ties. (M, the first letter of the termination -ment, may some- times be omitted; thu5,^A,_^mprisonment, '^~j>-^ com- mencement; /"^ resentment.) 4. -ship J , as "V stewardship;"^^ lordship, &c. 5. A Gramraalogue may be used as a prefix~or affix; thus,v:i-^ afternoon;*'! undertake;' '^.hereafter; "T indifferent ■'"'. - EXERCISE ON THE AFFIXES. THE AFFIX WORDS ARE PRINTED IN ITALICS. Ordinary, halved downward R, nr^ . Omnipotenc*-, m, 71, p^ larjfcr, Jr^ The regularity with-which the pendulum of a clock swings to and fro reminds one {of the) stability {of the) fiaidamental laws of nature, and the singularity of-their workings. The familiarity with-which the majority of mankind come to view these phenomena removes to some extent their novelty. The motion {of the) planets, for-instance, does-not attract the attention which it- would receive if-it-were-not such a common occurrence ?^/> r; and yet the living and divine Instniynentality which-is behind these laws is of such grandeur, that-His very personality pr, {circle s, nl, t) is scarcely within-the comprehen- sibility {pr, ns, b separated) of ordinary mortality (;;/, tcp r, t sep- arated) . Each one, therefore, as he notes the fidelity with- which the seasons come and go, the nightly procession {of the) heavenly bodies, and-the various other magnificent exhibitions of Omnipotence throughout the universe, can hardly fail to realize that life is, after all, but a stewardship, yea, in large measure an apprenticeship, preparing the soul for-the higher duties, the larger life, the greater opportunities of a glorious immortality {m, m, up r, t separated) in-the hereafter. i^ minutes {^^7) 90 Business Letters 26 Since all the principles, the Grammalogues and the Con- tractions have now been learned, graded exercises are no longer needed. The student should procure a copy of the "Commercial Dictation Book," by W. L. Mason (price 25 cts. postpaid), which contains a large collection of practical business letters, besides a variety of legal documents. All the exercises in that book are carefully counted off, so that the practitioner need lose no time in preparing the matter for speeding. On the last few pages of this work, will be found the most complete list of Isaac Pitman Contractions ever pub- lished, as well as a list of Intersected Words and Business Phrases, which are here reproduced by the kind permission of Messrs. Isaac Pitman and Sons. These should be learned a few at a time, and the list referred to for perplexing outlines. Mr. Archibald Fitzgerald {fis,j, r, Ld), Carthagena, Haiti. Dear-Sir: Nothing from-you in-this mail, and we-are disappointed in not receiving the small remittance due. We again call at- tention to-the terms upon which we sell provisions, namely, sixty days from the date {of the) invoice, and all invoices not paid at that time, are subject to sight drafts without further notice. We-have therefore drawn on you through Messrs. Brown, Tanner & Co., of-your-place, for-the amount of- this small bill, namely, $304.38, which please honor upon presen- tation. Mr. Brown will no-doubt visit your place soon, and-have- the pleasure of seeing you. Awaiting your further favors, we remain, Yours-very-respectfuUy, {^2j) {i}( minutes) Contractions occurring in this exercise are printed in italics. Look them upon p. 153. My-dear Miss Fen ton: Your-letter, asking for-some advice in-regard-to-the study of shorthand, lies before-me, and deserves a very careful reply. You say, '" It-seems such a long time to-have to-study — six or eight months. Do-you suppose I-can get through Business Letters gj even then, and get a position sol won't lose any time?" Every shorthand teacher will recognize these familiar questions. I-would (/, ^) answer them about this way: "Yes, it-is quite a while ; but do-you know of any pro- fession or trade or calling requiring so short a special training to fit one for so advantageous {dv, s^) a position, or pleasing occupation ? If-you take up law, medicine, theology or any other profession, wouldn't you expect to put in at-least three to five years at school {ski) to master the theory of-your chosen calling? And when you got through that, wouldn't you expect to-be five or ten years more establishing your repu- tation and building up a paying business ? There-must-be some magic about Shorthand that will enable you to get it all on your fingers' ends in six months, and then step into a position giving you an iticome better-than a professional man can get in five years of hard labor. "And yet, if-you have a good education, can spell and punctuate [p, i?ig, t, t) properly, know when a sentence {snt, (ns is correctly put together; will work hard, study hard and faithfully, are bright, apt, quick and in thorough earnest ; it is safe to promise you that in six months you-will-be-able-to do fairly good amanuensis work. Then you- will do better to get a place and go to work, for-that kind of school is- the best one you-can-be in to teach you confidence and business habits. You-will-have little or no trouble in getting a start at a low salary at first, but which-is probably all you- will earn until you get the run {of the) work. But if-you do your work well, do- not make blunders that a ten-year old lad would-be ashamed of, show more of an interest in-your work and-in getting it done than you do in killing time, manifest an iyitelligent con- fidence in-yourself and-in-your ability to-do what-is required, and-the capacity to grow as opportunity offers, >ou-can con- fidently count on advancement {dv, 7is, ?it^). If-you show that-you have no confidence in-yourself, you need-not expect others to rate 5'ou higher than your-own apparent estimate. One who does good work and willingl)^, will-not-be long idle at-any-time. Show that you have nerve, business capacity and a willingness to earn all that-is paid you, and you-will-be pushed along as fast as circumstances will permit. The best men or women in any branch of business are-not so plenty as- to glut the market. Be one {of the) best and you-cannot fail of success." Hoping the suggestions I have advanced will prove profit- able to-you, I remain, Cordially-yours (A>, d, /, Rs), (5 minutes) (jiy) 92 Business Letters 28 Mr. A. E. Forwood, Manila, Philippine {Ji, pn) Islands. Dear-Sir: We-have yours {of the) nth of February, and contents carefully noted, covering draft for $972.30, which we-have passed to-your credit, with thanks. Enclosed-please-find our receipt. The quality {kl, t^) of flour we-are-now furnishingisbetter- than {bjrn) other marks that are sent to-the Philippines, and- the satisfaction it-is giving will lead to larger orders without doubt {halved d, 07v joined). The demand for our soap is also increasing. Please let-us know in-your next order for soap if-we-shall continue to put pictures (/>, k double) in same. On all-the special biscuit and pilot bread that-we are-now furnish- ing we- shall put a choice label on each package. Your-orders will-have our prompt attention, and be ex- ecuted at our lowest {Is, t) prices, and awaiting your further favors, we remain, Yours-respectfuUy, (^5^) (i/^ niijuites) Mr. Thomas Anderson, Honolulu {up h, 71, L, L), Hawaii {up h, zcay). Dear-Sir : We-have-5'our-favors {of the) 4th and loth of October {ki, br), and contents carefully noted. Learning that-the Ozama will stop at-your-place, we write you these few lines. We-have entered your-order for thirty barrels, and will ship it as j-ou request on-the Saghiaiv which leaves here the 31st. You-will- find the flour better-than the other marks that are sent to-your- place, and will give good satisfaction to all, We-shall-be much pleased to-receive your regular orders for each steamer, and we guarantee {g, r, ?i, t) you good satisfaction. We-are- pleased to see that you- will also send us orders for biscuit and pilot bread and other articles which we furnish, and your demands will-be executed promptly. Hawaiian products remain much the same, and-there-is a good demand for-them ; but coffee is ver^' strong, and is wanted. The best quality will bring outside prices. We would-have shipped j-our goods on-the Ozama, but we- were only informed at a late hour that she would stop at- your port. Awaiting your further favors, we remain, Yours- respectfully, {iQS) {2 mimites) Business Letters 93 29 Messrs. Holly & Rogers, 34 Wall-Street, City. Dear-Sirs : Please book us for room for 100 cases of goods on Schooner Grace which leaves this port for Havana in one week. Please let-us know by return mail if-you-can accommodate {d,t under k) us, and oblige, Yours- very- truly, (52) (^ minute) Messrs. Levy & Co., 34 William Street, City. Gentlemen : Confirming our telephone message of-this morning, we- beg to inform 3'ou that-we-have reserved for-you on-the schooner Grace the necessary space for your 100 cases of goods. Hoping this-is satisfactory, and thanking you for past favors, we remain, Yours- truly, (i minute) (55) Messrs. Levy & Co., 40 William Street, City. Gentlemen : Referring to-our note to-you of day before yesterday, relative to reserving room on-the schooner Grace, sailing from this port a few days hence for Havana, we-beg to inform you that-it-will-be impossible for us to award (zc',r,d) you the room desired, and we-shall-have to ask you to send your goods by-the steamer leaving here on-the 15th, or to hold them over till-the next schooner which sails in ten days from this date. Regretting our having to disappoint you, we remain, Yours- truly, (i minute) {^01) 94 Business Letters "OF THE" The '-connective plirase "of the", is intimated "by writing the words between which it occurs NEAR TO EACH OTHER, or by "approximating" them in the same manner as the dot con is. expressed in the phrase — ^ in connec-/ t i on; asAMoveJ^ of -.the^b eauti f ul r -^J\_plair:of _ the, work.j Practice' the'^^following by writing"thera''from'dic- tation until theyican be gotten^down very quickly. 1. xl^yX^i.. /X].\r- To be written into Shorthand. !.._ He wasTappointed Corariittee (of the) person (of the) lunatic. In consideration(of the)Report(of the) Committee. Statement(of the) proceeds (of the)sale. .2. The news (of the) confirmation (of the). Report (of the) Conroission was joyfully received. 30 Senor Jos6 Riviera, Havana, Cuba. Dear-Sir : Your esteemed favor, enclosing an order for several cases of goods, was duly received, for-which many thanks. Immedi- ately upon receipt of same, we communicated with Messrs. Holl}' & Rogers of No. 34 Wall-Street, this-city, asking them to reserve room for us on board their schooner, Grace, which- is-the next one sailing from this port for Cuba. Imagine our surprise at receiving a note from them this morning asking us to hold the goods over until the next schooner, or to ship by-the steamer leaving here on-the 15th inst. We-are very reluctant to-do this without some word of authorization from- you, and therefore write at-once, begging you to cable us of-your wish in-the-matter as-soon-as you receive this. The goods are all packed, ready for shipment, and-there-is-uo reason why they should-not-be taken aboard the Grace. However, we-will follow implicitly j'our instructions in-this- matter, and hope to hear from-you in time. Hoping for your continued favors in-the future, we remain, Very-truly-yours, (2 mimdes) {^9^) Business Letters 95 JOINED VOWELS. At the beginning of a word, a vowel may be joined to a consonant in the following cases; aw before 1 (upward]; and the di0ithong i before t, sh, s, th, f, r (down) ;^ thus v^alter, vM:;alter£u. tion, , T idea, W item,/) ice, "^ iron, etc. 'A vowel may also be" joined at the end of a word in such cases as >^ about, L due, etc. The vowel aw ( ^ ) maybe joined to represent the sylla^ ble all; thus ^ Almighty, ^^^ almost. Write into Longhand. Write into Shorthand. 1. Eyes, idea, already, althotgh, always, virtue. 2. Allwise, identify, venue, doubt, idle, pew, bow. 3* Doubtless, dew, renew, Isaac, Irish, nigh; 31 Messrs. Holly & Rogers, 34 Wall-Street, City. Gentlemen : Yours {of the) 5th inst. to hand, and we must say we-are surprised at its contents. We wrote you some few-days-ago asking you to book us for room ou-the schooner Grace, and-the following day received your acknowledgment, saying you would-be pleased to-do so. Now, when-the goods are all- ready to-be shipped, you write asking us to hold them over until the next schooner, or ship by the steamer leaving here on-the 15th inst. At-your-request, we wrote to consignee in Havana, asking permission to-do this, and-have just-received his cable in-reply. He declines, for reasons which he prob- ably knows better-than we, to-have any of-his goods shipped by steamer, and as he-is in a hurry for-his goods, threatens to cancel {kjis,L) his order unless same are shipped by schooner leaving here now. As we asked for room before-you had awarded it all, we naturally look to-you to help us out. The cases are small, and will-not occupy much space. Let-us hear from-you at-once. Yours- very-truly, (2 minutes) i^PP) 96 Business Letters 3^ R. H. lycFere, Esq., Austin, Texas. Dear-Sir : Policy No. 710,671, Bacon Bros. We-are just-in-receipt (/, $t lo p, ns, t) of-your report of transfer {trs^fr) of-this policy to cover in brick building, Lot 206, Block 5. Upon reference to-our map we-find we-are-now cari'ying $2,000 in same location for E. B. Elliott, under Policies Nos. 536,716 and 710,667. We prefer not over $2500 liability in-this building, and we-will thank you to reduce our liability accordingly {krd, stroke ing, L). Very- truly -yours , Secretary. (i minute) {^^^) Mr. T. O. Banks, Brooklyn, N. Y. Dear-Sir : Enclosed we hand you an order from-the Board of Health calling upon us to-make certain repairs, alterations {;:owel aw joined to double length upward I, -tion hook, circle s) and improve- ments to-the plumbing work {of the) building No. 23 West 45th Street, the result, undoubtedly (;z, dd, ow joined, I) of some notice which they-have received from-the tenant. We-shall do nothing in-the-matter until we-have either seen or heard from-you. The plumber repaired the burst in-the Croton water pipe yesterday afternoon, and this morning the writer went through-the building and found that-the pipes were all in good condition, and-that-the building was well supplied with water. It-may-be that-the tenant neglects («,^/.y^ ) to pump water into-his tank, but-the pipes are in perfect condi- tion if-he chooses to use them. We hardly believe that j^ou- will-be compelled to fully comply with- this order, as we-will try to-have it modified to some extent. Please let-us hear from-you. Yours-very-truly, (i^ minutes) {^73) Business Letters 97 33 Mr. J. Ed. Smith, Idaho Falls, Idaho. My-dear-Sir : Yours (of the) 27th inst., together with map oi town lands and apparatus, duly received. I-will see what can-be done with-it, though it-is hard at-the-present-time [pmit '^ the'*) to- do anything that requires an investment {see page IJ5). Would it be practicable to get up a trade with-these parties of some good farm lands along near Idaho Falls for-my house heretofore described to-you, on-the terms given ? There-is a matter that occurs to-me that might be mutu- ally profitable. That-is, the settling up {of the) ditches that are being built through-the region where the land has-been m2ii\xx qA {mt, Rd). Is-the land along Mr. Morrison's ditch? If-not, what will his Company pay per acre to-have farmers (/, r, ?nri) settle on that land? I understand that other companies are formed, and-have paid $1.50 an acre, payable in mortgages given to-the farmers for-the water right, allowing ten years with 7- per cent. {p,rs,nt) payable semi-annually {circle s,m,n,L). If-we-can make-the same arrangement with- the companies, we might be-able-to settle up considerable land with parties from-the trans-continent. I understand companies now have constructed an extensive irrigating canal. It might be well for-you to pay a commission to-the manager of said canal and of other canals along-the main line {of the) V.P., and secure from them contracts to settle up the land at $1.50 per acre, payable in mortgages for water right, as hereinbefore specified. We- will share the expenses and-the profit. You-can take care of matters at your end {of the) Une, and I-will take care of-them at this end. I-will write you in a short-time whether I-can do anything toward the proposition offered, but I- would {f,d) much rather make the trade I speak of. Very-truly-yours, {326) {.?>% f"inutes) . 98 Business Letters OMISSION OF4UNNECESSARY ..LETTERS . When p. occursibetweerl^m and t, T between s and another, consonant,-^ K. between ng and sh, cr ngand t, or G between ng and sh,..the p, t, k, or g may be omitted in Phonography; asr — cramped, ^^r^ostly, ^vanxious,"!!^ extinguish, etc. Write into Longhand. 1, (x Z'' J^ \^\J% ^ -^ Write into Shorthand. 1, Encamped, prompt, exempt, postpaid, listless. 2. Testimonial, celestial, testimony, langmsh. .3« Institute, postman, adjustment, injunction., 34 Mr. B. W. Law, Santiago («>^/^^,//,/,fa>), Cuba. Dear-Sir : Without any of-your favors unanswered, I enclose you the following : Duplicate of-mine 28th ult. confirmed. Duplicate account-sales {kt ^circle s,/s) of carboys {kr^bs'^ ) ex bark " Havana." Please find herewith account of sales of empty barrels ex "Antonia Sala " showing net proceeds $996.55 with-which I-have credited you on account. ACCOUNT CURRENT. I enclose you detailed account from February i8th to October 31st. showing balance in-your- favor of $1,842,11. "Will you please examine the same care- fully, and let me know if -you find any errors therein, Yours-very-truly, ^^'A (i minute) Mr. Raymond Frazer, Havana, Cuba. Dear-Sir : Yours {of the) 27th ult. was received yesterday. We-shall expect the schooner here latter part of next-week. Noted you-will order 12,000 (/^, ith) cases of oil. We-have plenty of lumber engaged for her outward trip. Yours-very-truly, (/p) {\ mif.ute) Business Letters B O.BAKER LAWYER 99 35 Dear-Sir : We propose to erect and complete a residence on your land located at 184th Street and Amsterdam Avenue in-this- city, agreeably to-the plans of mason's, carpenter's and painter's specifications made by J, Shone, Esq., for- the sum of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000). If-the basement is filled in with six inches of broken stone, add the sum of three hundred dollars ($300). Very-truly-yours, (7/) (f minute) L- D. Davenport, Esq., Ottawa, Can. Dear-Sir : I regret to say that- the story which-you offer to-our magazine is too long for use. Our space is so small, and-the portion taken up by- the serial {circle s,r,L) story which we-are now running by Frank R. Stockton is so large, that-we-arc- unable-to use any additional fiction except what-is extremely concise (dot con, circle s, stroke s). With many thanks for your kindness, we remain, Yours-very-truly, (77) (^ minute) There are certain words which must always be vocalized, even in rapid reporting. A few of the more common of these are given herewith : Him, when phrased; tSecX. {the vowel be/ore the k); accept, abstraction, achromatic, acorn, adamant, adapt, address, administration, advance, adven- tures, advocate, affluent, afore, az'lment, anomaly, annual, anterior, apathetic, appurtenant, apologue, apportion, (Opposite, apposition, appraise, approbation, approximate, &rvay, aspiration, attempt, avocation, dedwct, e\se, ^^ndued, ^nemy, t'xercise. extricate, failing, immigration, mcautious, induction, j'nefficacious, ?nnovation, h'ar. last, Mar/a, monarch/, monkejf, nate, obsolete, p(7cket, prtd/ct, snovi, s?yed 'n thecondurt of " civil actions" only. J Legal Forms 1. COMPLAINT. N. Y. SUPREME-COURT. James T. Ball, against Plaintiff, Walter Stephens, Defendant. « ' l^ ^ ■ • |;2 r The. plaintiff complains against the defendant in- -Ijthe above-entitled action, and alleges : ' FIRST. That on or about the 24th day of August, 1900, the above-named-plaintiff loaned to-the defendant herein, at-his- request, the sum of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.), which said sum the defendant promised to pay to said plaintiff on demand with interest from said 24th day of August, 1900. . . SECOND. That on-the 17th day of December, 1900, the plaintiff above-named duly demanded said sum from- the said defendant, but that no part thereof has-been paid, and-that-the-said Five Hundred Dollars ($500.), with inter- est from the 24th day of August, 1900, now remains due and owing from' said defendant to said plaintiff. WHEREFORE, this-plaintiff demands judgment againstthe defendent for-the sum of Fiv^ Hundred Dollars ith interest thereon, from-the 24th day. of August, 1900, ttogethervyith-the costs of-this-action. l! wi • - X '■".'.'■ ' Plaintiff's Attorney, Ofl&ce and Post-Ofl5ce {ps, fs) Address No. 31 Nassau Street, State-of-New-York,* ) _; , New York, N. Y. County-of-New-York, f ..."' James T. Bell, being dul}' sworn, says, that-he-is the plaintiff in-the above-entitled action ; that-the foregoing com- plaint is true to-his-own-know^edge, except as-to-the-matters therein stated to-be alleged on information and belief, and- that as-to-those-matters he believes it to-b6 true. I Sworn-tD-before-me § this I day of December, 1900. f • Venue^ Place of Trial. State of Vcw YoV. Si. loop, /, n hook,n, yay. + Scilicet, to wit, namely. County of New Yurk, >fr, n, yay. X Jurat, oath. S See page 82 Legal Forms SUMMOfNS. To-THE Above-Named Defendant : You are hereby summoned to answer the complaint in- this-action, and to serve a copy of-your answer ou-the plain- tiff's Attorneys within twenty da>^ after-the service of -this summons, exclusive {of the) day of service ; and-in case of- your failure to a; pear or answer, judgment will-be taken against you by default for-the relief demanded in-the com- plaint. Dated, New- York, December 29th, 1900. Hill & Dale, Plaintiff's Attorneys, -Office and Post-ofEce address • No. 31 Nassau Street, Borough of Manhattan, New- York-City. After typewriting on legal paper, the Complaint should be bound, with the printed Summons properly filled in, in a "back," and endorsed as follows : (title as before) COMPLAINT Attorney's Name and Address as before. All Court Documents must-be folioed^ i.^. , the folios be- ing (every hundred words) indicated by placing the folio num- ber in the margin. Tl;ree copies should be made of a Document having but one plaintiff and one defendant. An additional copy for each additional party to t;he. action. Number the pages of legal work at the bottom. U^ 104 Legal Forms ANSWER. The Complaint usually contains only allegations. The Answer may contain allegations, denials and admis- sions. SUPREME-COURT County-of-New-York. llj. Timothy Jenkins, Plaintiff, vs. Lawrence Wood, Simon R. Prince )■ and Herman Osborn, composing the firm of Wood, Prince & Co., Defendants. The defendants, by Morris Meyer, Esq., their Attorney, answering the complaint {of the) plaintiff, allege : [ I. That they have no knowledge or information suffi- ^ „ cient to form a belief as-to any {of the) allegations con - ^ [tained in paragraph {pr, grf) first of said complaint. II. They allege that on or about the 15th day of October, 1900, the plaintiff came to-the store kept by-the said defend- ants at 384 Sixth Avenue, and demanded that certain goods be sold to-him which were-not then, and never have-been, kept on sale by-these-defendants. III. These-defendants admit that, upon-the rude and boisterous conduct (^ //zis) the said sum of money mentioned in-the condition (o/ the) said bond or obligation, and-the interest thereon at-the-time and-in-the- manner mentioned in-the-said condition, that then these presents and-the estate hereby granted shall cease, determine and be void. AND-the-said George Knight does covenant with-the- said party-of-the-second-part as follows : FIRST. That-the party-of-the-first-part will pay the indebtedness as hereinbefore provided, and-if default be made in-the payment of any part thereof, the party-of-the-second- part shall-have power to sell the premises herein described according-to law. SECOND. That-the party-of-the-first-part will keep the buildings on-the said premises insured against loss b}' fire for-the benefit {of the) mortgagee. THIRD. And it-is hereby express^ agreed that-the whole of said principal sum shall become due at-the option {of the) said party-of-the-second-part after default in payment of interest for days. IN-WITNESS-WHEREOF : The said party-of-the-first- part to-these-presents {omit the R in presents) has hereunto set his hand and seal the day and year above written. IN-THE-PRESENCE-OF : ST.\TE-OF-ISrEW-YORK, ) County-of-New-York. f ss. On this day of in-the-year Nineteen hundred and one, before-me ersonall)' came George Knight, to-me known and known to-me to-be the individual described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he there- upon duly acknowledged to-me that-he executed the same. Legal Forms 133 21. BOND. A Bond is "an obligation in writing under seal, in which a person binds himself to pay to another a certain sum of money at a specified time," usually with a condition add- ed that "if the obligor does some particular act, the obliga- tion shall be void, or else shall remain in full force." A Bond usually accompanies a Mortgage. KNOW ALL MEN BY-THESE-PRESENTS, THAT I, GEORGE KNIGHT, of Westchester, New York, am held and firmly bound unto WILLIAM JONES, of Brooklyn, New York, in-the sum of Four Thousand Dollars ($4,000*), lawful money {of the) United States, to-be paid to said William Jones, his certain attorney, executors, adminis- trators or assigns : FOR-WHICH PAYMENT, to-be made, I-do bind my- self, my heirs, -executors and administrators, jointly and severally, firmW by-these-presents. Sealed with mj- seal. Dated the day of 1900. THE CONDITION {of the) above obligation is such, that if-the above bounden George Knight, his heirs, -execu- tors-or-administrators, shall pay, or cause to-be paid, unto-the above-named William Jones, his executors, -administrators-or- assigns, the sum of Two Thousand Dollars ($2,oco*), then- the above obligation to-be void, otherwise to remain in full force and virtue. Sealed-and-Delivered- ) In-the-Presence-Oft f {Acknowledgement Clause.) •The amount of the riond is always twice ".he amount of the actual indebtedness. In addition ti the above, a Bond may c*^f n law stpnoPTanher in an intelligent and efficient manner. tUe pOniOnS UCSlgUitLCU, lUC SLUUCUL Mill UlllA IIW V1I11H_U11^ 111 Ldlklllg the work of a law stenographer in an intelligent and efficient manner 140 Legal Forms LETTERS RELATING TO LAW WORK. Mr. John Henry Bell, 121 West 79th Street, City. My-dear young Friend : Your pleasant letter {of the) 19th inst. was received and read by-nie with much interest. I did-not-know that you- were studying shorthand, or were interested in law work in connection therewith, but am glad to-learn that you have taken it up, and am not surprised that you find it fascinating. You-will certainly find it very useful as well. I note what you say in -regard-to some {of the) expres- sions contained in-the legal documents you have-been writ- ing, and it-will give me pleasure to answer your inquiries as- to-their meaning. Tlic term costs which-is so often used in Court Docu- ments, does not include counsel fees, the pay {of the) jurors, or the stenographic record {of the) case. Each party pays his own lawyer for conducting his case, and they divide the cost {of the) stenographic record, while the County pays the jurors. Therefore the costs which go with the judgment against the unsuccessful party include only what are known as "docket fees" {i.e., the cost of filing the various papers with-the Court), the pay of witnesses, and-the expenses inci- dental to-the taking of depositions. In New- York, witnesses receive $1.25 a daj', and where they-are summoned from out- side the District, their transportation here and back and- their hotel expenses, while here, are paid. This-is all I-have time for in-this letter, but I-will write you again soon. Afifectionateh'-yours, Legal Forms 141 Mr. John Henry Bell, 121 Webt 79th Street, City. My-dear John : When last I wrote, I promised that I would, ere-long, write you again on-the subject of-my former letter. You do-not, {dfii-) I-notice, seem to-be-able-to get quite clearly in-your mind the distinction between Executor and Executrix and Administrator and Administratrix . The for- mer term is used to designate a person named by-the Will of another to execute, or carry out the provisions of, -that will, the endings {of the) words denoting merely the gender. An administrator, on-the-other-hand, is one appointed b5'-the cjurt to settle the estate of a person dying intestate, i.e., without having made a will. In-such-cases, either {0/ the) following persons may-be ap- pointed the administrator, in-the order named: ist, the de- cedent's widow; 2nd, his sons; 3rd, his father; 4th, his bro- thers; 5th, his sisters; 6th, his grandchildren; 7th, any other next of kin ; 8th, the creditors {kr, double length d) {of the) deceased, the creditor first applying, if otherwise competent, being given the preference. la case a married woman dies intestate, her husband is entitled to-be appointed as administrator. He-is liable for her debts only to-tlie extent {of the) assets received by-him. The matter of dower seems to-be troubling you some- what. Perhaps a brief explanation {of the) meaning of-this word, and its use in law work, will help you. The word it- self means a wido\\ 's life portion of all lands and real property held by her husband during-the period of her marriage to- him. You-should-be careful not to confound this word with dowry, for-which it-is sometimes erroneously used. The right of dower is recognized in all-the States {of the) Union excepting Indiana and California. At her decease, her one-third interest, which-is generally conceded to-be the proportion to- which she is entitled, descends to-the heirs of her husband. Hoping this will make the matter clear to-you, I-am, with regard, Yours-very-truly, 142 I egal Forms 30. Messrs. Francis & Bruce, Baltimore, Md. Gentlemen : In-reply-to-your-favor received to-day, I enclose here- with the Bill-of- Particulars {b,l,prts) for-which-you ask, and beg to say that Mrs. Hall seems perfectly willing to sign a release, but claims that a sale {of the) property was made shortly after her mother's death without her consent, and- that she received but $i8o as her share {of the) proceeds. All she wants is a just proportion of her interest m-the es- tate, but she has-not the funds wherewith to push the case. She has asked- me if I would-be willing to undertake the case on a contingent fee, and I now write to ask if-you-will kindly look into-the matter, and report as-to whether she has a good case or not, and-if so, if-you-will-be willing to-do the same. I-shall-be-glad to-receive a letter from-you on-the subject, and will do nothing until I hear from-you. Yours-very-truly, James C. Pain, Esq., 48 Nassau Street, City. My-dear Mr. Pain : Your kind letter reached me during my absence in Al- bany. I-shall-be-glad to avail myself of-your courteous ofifer, providing the parties who at-present hold the mortgage do- not insist upon retaining it, in-which-case I should feel obliged to leave it with- them, as they have-been very courte- ous to-me in all their dealings {stroke ing) for many years. I-have written to- them on-the subject, and shall expect to hear within {ithn^) a day or so, and will immediately advise you. Yours- truly. Legal Forms 143 31. Mr. Ezra Foley, Hartford, Conn. Dear Sir : I-have-the honor to inform you that-the Appellate Divi- sion {of the) Supreme-Court has just handed down a decision in-the-matter of-your application for damages against the Fremont House. Your chief contention was, as I recall it, that-the health of-your family was placed in jeopardy by- the breaking out of scarlet fever in-the hotel, and-that you-were justified in vacating the apartments which you-were occupy- ing there under a one year's lease, and refusing to pay rent therefor while there-was any possibility of contagion. The decision, I regret to say, is unfavorable to-our view {of the) case, and judgment has-been entered against you. I-am-very-sorry for-this, as I-was very sure we had a clear case. As-a-matter-of-fact, {circle s, double length ni, halved k) we did have, so far-as the matter of damages was concerned, had you remained in-the hotel and been injured thereby; but- the Court took-the ground that-the vacating {of the) premises was an act entirely of your-own volition, and-that you-were bound to pay the rent therefor precisely as-if-the apartment had continued to-be occupied by-you. I-shall-be-glad if-you-will call at-my office at an early date, in-order that-we may arrange matters with-the view to satisfying this judgment. Very-respectfully-yours, J 44 Legal Forms 32. Mrs. Mary H. Freeman, 20I E. 93rd Street, New York. Dear-Madam : It gives me great pleasure to inform you that-the Court has just rendered a decision in-your-favor, and awarded you damages to-the amount of $2500, with costs. This-is a signal triumph, and will form a valuable pre- cedent in similar cases of laches on-the part of a land- lord {lnd,l). The Court held that-the landlord must keep his build-ing lighted, and-his carpets mended. I-will at-once consult with-the defendant's counsel with-- the view to a speedy settlement of-this-case. Yours- very- truly, Elijah T. Ferris, Esq., Providence, R. I. Dear Sir : Your report {0/ the) 19th inst. was duly received, for- which thanks. We-are advised by our clients to let the matter remain hi statu quo until the senior partner can get an opportunity of calling upon 5^0 a, which he expects to-be- able-to do early next-week. Please hold on to-the mortgage until that time, and take no further steps in-the-meanwhile. I-feel quite sure that-there-is-some underhand w^ork going on, but this will-be revealed as- soon -as Mr. Robinson has examined the papers. Yours-truly, Legal Forms 145 33. To-the President {of the) Third National Bank, Big Rapids, Mich. Dear-Sir : When I carried our case to-the Court-of- Appeals {krt,p, Is), I-am bound to admit that I-was-not very sanguine of a favorable issue, since the lower Court was so very strong in- its rulings on-the evidence relating to-those stolen bonds. I-have just been informed, however, that we-have won, on- the ground that- the Bank was an innocent holder and must- be protected to-the extent of-its property interest on-the bonds. It stands to reason that, the bonds being held as col- lateral for-the amount loaned to Van Amberg, your Bank must-be preserved harmless from loss by-reason of any claim of theft made by-the People's Savings Bank, or any other institution. You, of-course, had no means of knowing that- those bonds had-been stolen from-the People's Savings Bank, and you accepted them in perfect good faith, and therefore the decision is an eminently just and righteous one. I congratulate you thereupon, and will write you again within a few days, and report what steps have-been taken toward a settlement {0/ the) case. Very-truly-yours, 146 Legal Forms 34. Dear-Sir : I-have-been thinking over our conversation at-the close of to-day's session, and I write to say that I realize very clearly the difficulty under-which you labored when giving your testimony {ts,in,?i). It-was a great strain upon you to submit to-the very sharp cross-examination {krs,k) to-which you-were subjected, and yet I cannot-see that our opponents {pn,nts) succeeded in weakening our ease in -the least. I-desire, however, to call your attention to one or two points which may prove of value on -the next hearing. When you said that you-were not quite sure whether Walton was present or not at-the signing {0/ the) mortgage on that property in 155th Street, you-were treading on dan- gerous {d,jr,s) ground. I-shall endeavor, in the redirect, to-make that point very clear, for a little reflection on your part will enable you to recall his presence there with perfect clearness. There-was another little matter to-which I wished to call your attention, but I think that-it- will-be better for-me to see you personally about it, and to-that end, I-will ask you to call at my ofl&ce to-morrow afternoon, between three and five o'clock, in-order that-we-maj- have an opportunity of talking this thing over. Yours-very-truly, Legal Forms 147 35. My-dear friend, John : Once more I-take-pleasure in writing you in answer lo- your last letter, and to give you a few words of advice before- you enter upon-the position which I-am so glad to learn you have succeeded in procuring. In-the-first-place, let me say that those Latin phrases which-you have encountered in some of-your legal work are- not so difficult as they may appear. Besides those you men- tioned, I might name here a few {of the) more common ones : Ad litem, to (or in) the suit. A fortiori, from stronger reasoning. Alibi, in another place. A priori, from-the former. Bona fide, in good faith. Capias, a writ for-the arrest {of the) defendant. Caveat, that-he beware, — a warning. Cestuique trust, persons for whose use another has title to lands, etc. De bene esse, as being well done for-the-present; condi- tional. De facto, in fact. De jure, in law. Et alium, and another. Et alios (et al.), and others. Ex parte, without opposition. Ex post facto, by a subsequent act. Ex relatione (Ex rel.)," at the relation " of. Fieri facias, cause it to-be done. Habeas corpus, ' ' That you have-the body " ; a writ by- which-the legality of an imprisonment is investigated. In esse, in existence. In re, in-the-matter of. In statu quo, as-it-was. Laches, neglect. Mens Sana in corpore sano, a sound mind in a sound body. Nolle prosequi, to-be unwilling to proceed. Nolens volens, willing or unwilling. Non compos mentis, insane, or of unsound mind. Non constat, it does-not appear. Non est, not to-be found. Nulla bona, no goods. Nunc pro tunc, now for then. 148 Legal Forms Parol, verbal. Pendente lite, during-the action. Per capita, by-the heads; share and share alike. Per stirpes, by-the stock; a division according to age. Prima facie, at lirst view. Pro rata, at-the rate. Quantum meruit, as much as he deserved. Quid pro quo, a mutual consideration. Res adjudicata, matters adjusted. Res gestae, subject-matter. Sine die, without day. Sine qua non, an indispensable condition. Venue, the place of trial. The foregoing are, of-course, only a few {of the) many expressions which-you-will come across, but they-are among- the most common, and you would-be perfectly justified in asking your employer to repeat such a phrase if-you did-not understand it th.^ first time. Whatever you do, try and remember that-the main object, in writing shorthand, is to-be-able- to get down quickly what a speaker says, ^nd afterward to render it into correct longhand. With-this object in view, you-should regard every Exercise which is dictated to-you for practice as-if-it- were a most-important business letter or legal document, and as though the weightiest results hung upon \-our accurate transcription of your notes. Why, I read the other day of a stenographer to whom an affidavit had-been dictated and-in -which- the following sen- tence occurred: "And-the deponent aforesaid has paid to- the Receiver for-the benefit {of ike) creditors $70,000." The Receiver in -the case denied the statement, and had the law- yer who dictated it, and who-was the deponent in-the affi- davit, indicted. An investigation showed that-the steno- grapher had made a mistake, omitting the word ' ' and ' ' in- the statement, which should have read, "And-the deponent aforesaid has paid to-the Receiver, 'and' for-the benefit of creditors, $70,000." It turned out that-the lawyer had actually paid the Receiver $7,000, and-the remaining $63,000 to-the parties to whom it belonged. The lawyer then wrote a letter to-the District Attorney explaining the mistake, and- Legal Forms 149 the indictment was at-once dismissed. You-can readily imagine how-long that careless stenographer held his position after his mistake was discovered. I- would also advise you to read as much shorthand as possible, for- this will enlarge your vocabulary, and familiar- ize you with-the appearance (of the) outlines. You-should read intelligently, endeavoring to impress each new outline on your mind, so-that it-can be readily recalled. Indeed, as has-been well said, you-should "think shorthand," that is, you-should constantly associate the outlines for the words which-you hear with-the words themselves, and that not in an arbitrary way, but by building up the word syllable by sylla- ble, or stroke by stroke, until the completed form stands before- you. Now, I-fear you-will think this an extremely long letter, but-the opportunity was such a good one, I could-not afford to let it go by. Especially, keep up your practice, even after you-are in-the position, and, when taking dictation, if your employer goes too fast for-you, stop him by calling out the last consecu- tive word you have been able-to write; but don't take down a mere jargon of words which you do-not understand. Be careful to-make sense of-your longhand transcript. Do-not write, "We send 3'ou the set of truths'''' when your employer dictated ''proofs,'' and do not transcribe "prodigies of valor" ^as pedigrees of valor. Another word of caution. Don't waste any time, if-you make a mistake, trying to convince your employer that you- are right and he-is wrong. The chances are he isn't ; and-if- he-is, he won't want you to-tell-him so. You-can't prove it to-him from your notes, forhe won't understand shorthand, and so you gain nothing, and may lose a good-deal by arguing the matter. If-he should happen to-make a grammatical slip occasionally, quietly correct it in-your transcript and say nothing. And this-is my last word to-you : Be patient, be alert, be intelligent, be accurate, and you-will soon be found by your employer to-be invaluable. Your-true- friend , 150 Legal Forms 36. *Part of AN ADDRESS BY THE HON. BENJAMIN HARRISON, LL.D., Ex-President of the United States, before the Ecumenical Conference on Foreign Missions, at Carnegie Hall. Delegates to-this Ecumenical Conference of Nations. Eadies-aud-Gentlemen : {l,ds.j7it) I count it an honor to-be called to preside over-the deliberations of- this great body. It-is to associate oneself with-the most influential and enduring work that-is being done in-this day of great enterprises. My assignment is to- the chair rather-than to-the speaker's desk. The careful and comprehensive programme that- has been prepared for-this Convention will, in-its orderly development, bring before-you the whole subject of Foreign Missions in all its aspects. Men and women, whose learning and special experiences will give not only interest but authority to-their addresses, will discuss assigned subjects. We-shall-have in some measure the arithmetic of missions, the muster roll, the book increase, the pay-master's account. We-shall-have before us also some veterans from-the mission outposts, men and women who- have exhibited in -their work an unsurpassed steadfastness of heroism ; whose courage has-been subjected to-the strain of time. They have-been beleaguered. They-have known the weariness of-those who need succor. From them we-shall hear what-the gospel has done for tribes and lands, and, best of all, what it has done for-the individual man and woman. These reports will-be, in a sense, the consolidated reports {0/ the) whole mission work of all-the detachments of-this vast army. Hours for daily devotional exercises are assigned. The always greatest need {of the) mission field is-the revived, ♦Reported by ih^ Author, April 21, igoo. Legal Forms i^i re-consecrated and united home church. {Applause.') And- this Conference will-be fruitful and successful in proportion as it promotes those ends. There-will-be, I-hope, in addi- tion to-the stated hours of devotion, much prayer for-the out- pouring of God's Spirit. The gigantic engines that are driving forward a material development are being speeded as never before. The din {of the) hammer and- the axe and-the hum of wheels have pene- trated the abodes of solitude. The earth has now few quiet places. Life is strenuous. The boy is started intohis school upon-the run, and the pace is-not often slackened until the panting man falls into-the grave. It-is to a generation thus intent, to a generation that has wrought w^ondrously into-the realms of applied science, that God in- His Word and by-the preacher says, ' ' All these things are worthy only and in pro- portion as they contribute to-the regeneration of mankind." Every invention, every work, every man, every nation must one day come to-this weighing platform and be appraised. To what other end is all this stir among men, this in- crease of knowledge ? That these great agencies may-be in livery and lined up in-the halls of wealth to-make life bril- liant and soft? Or to become the docile messengers of a counting-house or stock exchange, or the swift couriers of contending armies, or the courtiers who wait in-the halls of science to give glory to-the man into whose hand God has given the key to win, by-His means? No. All these great inventions, these rushing intellectual developments, do-not exhaust their ministry in-the making of men rich and-the re- inforcing of armies and fleets. These are servants, prophets, forerunners. They wiil-find a herald- voice. There will-be an annunciation and a coronation. The first results seem to- be the stimulation of a material production and a fiercer struggle for market. Cabinets as-well-as trade chambers are thinking of-this-world largely as a market house, and of men as producers and consumers. We-have now seldom wars of succession or for mere political dominion. Places are strate- gic primarily from-the commercial standpoint and colonies are corner stalls in-the world's market house. If-the product 152 Legal Forms tarries too long in-the warehouse, the mill must shut down and discontent walks the street. The propulsion of- these commercial forces was never so strong as now. The battle {of the) markets is at its fiercest, . . . But with-this increase of commerce and wealth, the stress of social diflSculties is-not relieved, but rather increased in all-the great nations. The tendency is-not to one brotherhood, but to many. . . . Not the least beneficent aspect and influence of-this great gathering will-be found in-the Christian union that it evi- dences. . . . There-are many fields, there-are diverse armies, the battle is in-the bush, and-the entire army cannot-be seen, but a view {of the) whole army is a good thing. It gives a promise that-the flanks will-be covered and-the reserves maintained. . . . During-the Atlanta campaign of-our Civil War the marching and fighting had-been for many days in-the bush. Sometimes in an advance the Commander of a regiment could see no more-than half a dozen men, while the supports to-the right and left were wholly hidden. But one day the advanc- ing army broke suddenly into a savannah, — a long, narrow, natural meadow — and-the whole army was revealed. From the centre far to-the right and left the distinctive divisions, brigades and regimental colors appeared, and associated with each of-them was-the one flag that made the army one. A mighty, spontaneous cheer broke from-the line, and every soldier tightened his grip upon his rifle, and quickened his step What that savannah did for-the army, this World's Con- ference of Missions should do for-the Church. {Prolonged applause.) 153 AF»F»ENOIX. I. A COMPLETE LIST OF CONTRACTIONS. This list is the most complete which has ever been publish- ed. It is taken from the Stenographer's Companion, a little work compiled by the author of The "Complete Course", an-l is given here in full. The lists of Intersected Words and Business Phrases arr reproduced bv the kind permission of Mesrs. Isiac Pitman & Sons from their '"Complete Phonographic Instructor". In studying the following Contractions, remember that r means the r hook; R, the downward r; r, the upward r; n, stroke n; n, hook n; i, stroke f ; /, hook f; s, stroke s; x, circle; v, stroke v; v, hook v; t, stroke t; t, halved ; d, stroke d; ctrinal, d tr n L ♦domestic, d m j k duwnstroke, d j tr k drawing room, dr r m dressing room dr j r m Ecclesiastic- al, k/z ♦efficient-cy, f ish (up) endanger, n d jr enlarge-d,nj (through the n) enlarger, n jr( " " ") enlargement, n j mnt (through the n) Englishman, ing ish m» enlightenment, n/ t mnt entertainment, nt t mnt enthusiastic, n th z Episcopalian p J k ♦especial-ly, s p ♦esquire, s k ♦essentially, s n ♦establish ed-ment, st b evangelical, v n *v.^xample, 1 k J m exchequer, k s ch CONTRACTIONS. 155 ♦executor, k j r ♦executrix, k j k j ♦expected, k j p ♦expectation, k y p t tion •expenditure, k s ^nd ♦expensive, k s p«j extemporaneous, k si mp ♦extinguish, k j t ing ♦extraordinary, k j tr Rd ♦extravagant ance, k j tr » ♦Familiar, f m ♦February, f b financial, f m n firstborn, st loop, b r « first fruits, st loop/r/j ♦first rate, st loop rt forasmuch, ir s ch forgive, ir (duplicate) g foreknowledge, f r n j futurity, f t (separated) ♦Generalization, j ns tion generalship, j « sh (separated) ♦gentlemanly, y«/ 1 (separated) ginger, j jr good nature, gd nt glorification, g/tion ♦govern -ed, g v ♦government, g v governmental, g v ♦grand jury, gr j r Harbinger, tick h R b jr ♦henceforth, h (up) n j f ♦hitherto, tick h thr (du- plicate) to (gram) herself, tick h Ji ses himself, m ses circle holiness, h (up) ns ♦Immediate, m md ♦immediately, m md 1 imperfect-tion, m pry*" imperturbable, vn prt x impossible, 1 mp s ♦impracticable,! m pr k ♦impracticability, m pr k b (separate) impregnable, m pr g ♦improbable, m pr b ♦inasmuch, n j ch incapable, n k p inconsiderate, n s Art inconsiderately, n s Art\ inconsideration, n j d r tion inconsistency, n ses in s ♦inconsistent, n ses tnt indefatigable, ndi t ♦indenture, ndnt ♦independent-ce, nd pnd ♦indifTerent-ce, n d (beneath) indiff'erentism, n d j m (beneath) ♦indifferently, n d 1 (beneath) ♦indignant-tion, nd ^ ♦indiscriminate, n djkr ♦indispensable-ly, nd s pwj ♦individual, nd vd indoctrinate, n d tr n t indoctrinated, n d tr n / ♦inefiicientcy ly, n f ish (up) inextinguishable, n k j t ing ♦influence, 1 n j ♦ii»fluenced, 1 n st loop influencing, \ \\ s ing ♦influential, 1 n sh/(up) ♦informed, n f ♦information, 1 n tion inscribe, back n hook j kr inscription, back n hook s kr tion insignificance, n j g «J insignificancy, n J g ms ♦insignificant, n j g ♦inspected, n j p ♦inspection, n j p instinct, 1 n j t ing t institute, n j / u joined ♦instruction, back n hook s ir tion insubjection, n j b j tion insubordinate-tion, n j b insufficient-cy, n j f ish (up) ♦intelligence, nt \ns ♦intelligent, ntjnt 156 CONTRACTIONS. •intelligible, nt j b/ intelligibly, «/j b/ vowel i intemperance, n t mp ♦interest, nl s i ♦interested, nt s t investment, n v j t ♦irregular, R g ♦irregularly, R g 1 irresponsible, R s pus ♦island, 1 diphthong I, /m/ isle, 1 o .. 1 islet, 1 " " // itself, t large s circle ♦January, 1 j n jurisprudence, ]f s p ♦Knew, n u joined ♦knowledge, n j ♦Landlord, 1 /nd 1 landlordism, 1 /«p) (separate!.) non-conformity, n «, f t (separated) northwest, nr w st (loop) ♦nothing, n ing nothingness, n ing r\s ♦notwithstanding, n t (through the n) ♦November, n v ♦now, n ow (joined) ♦Object, b j •objection, b j tion objectionable, b j tion b/ objective b j 7' objectively, b j v/ objectivity, b j » t CONTRACTIONS. 157 b J tr lion obscurity, b j k •observation, b j r obstriction, j obstruction, f •often, 1 f « old style, Ld s L omnipresent-ce, m n pr omniscient-ce, m n ish •organ ize-d, R g« •organization, R g«j lion •original, r j orthodox-y, r th d ourselves, 3 r large circle outcome, 3 t k (separated) outgeneral, 3 tjw (separated) outnumber, 3 t br (separated) overcome, vr above k Parliament-ary, pr 1 passenger, p J j^ peculiar, p k •Pennsylvania, p j 1 v •perform, p r f performable, p r f b/ 'performance, p r f j performer, p r f mr perpendicular, p r pw perpendicularly, p r p 1 perpetual-ly, p r// perspective, p r j p philanthropy-ic, f 1 n philanthropist, f 1 m p st loop phonographer, f « r phonographic, f « k plaintiff, pint pleasurable, zhr b/ plenipotentiary, p/ « p polestar, p\ s R •postage, p J j postal, p s 1 •Jxjstal card, p s 1 krd •post office, p J f J postman, p j m « •postpaid, p s pd •practicable, pr k b/ *practice-al, pr k prejudice- ial, ^rjd preliminary, pr I m Presbyterian-ism. pr j b preservation, pr j r priestcraft, pr j kft priesthood, pr j / priestlike, pr j 1 k priestliness, pr j 1 n* priestly, pr s 1 •probable-y-ility, prb professional, pr f tion *proficient-cy, pry ish (upward) •proportion pr p proportionate, pr^ r proportioned, pr p •prospect, pr J p •public, p b publican, p \>n ♦publication, p b tion publicly, p b 1 *publish-ed p b •publisher, p b shr •Rather, r r reading room, r d r in reappointment, tc pt titnt reassignment, r s mnt reestablished, r j/ b •reform-ed, r f reformation, r f R reformer, r f mr regeneration, r j titn •regular, r g regularly, r g 1 •relinquish, r L ing •remarkable-ly, mr b/ •represent-ed, r p •representation, rp tion •representative, r p » republic-sh, r p b •republican, r p b« republicanism, r p b j m republicanize, r p b« z republication, r p b tion repugnant-ce r p g •resignation, r j g •respect-ed, r x p I5« Contractions. ♦respectable, t s p h/ respectably, r s ph/ (vowel i) ♦respectfully, r J p f / *respeciive, r s p v respectively, r j p v/ ♦responsible, r J pns restful, r J f L restless, r j 1 j resurrection, r j r resurrectionist, r j r st loop revenue, r v ♦Reverend, r v righter, r r Sanctitude, s ng ( \i joined ♦satisfaction, j t stion ♦satisfactory, .r t j r satisfactorily, j t j r 1 Saviour, s v selfish, s ish seltishly, s ish 1 selfishness, s ish n s sensibility, j ii i' b ♦September, s pi m ♦significant, 1 -f g significance, 1 sg ns significantly, j g «/ L signification, s g tion significative, s giv significatory, J g t r signifirator, s g tr signified, 1 j g signify, 1 jg ♦singular, s ing g ♦something, s m ing special-ly. s p ♦stranger, sW\r ♦subjected, s h\ subjection, J b j tion subjective, s h\v subjectivity, sh\v t ♦subscribe, j b j k subject matter, j b j, m double length ♦subscription, j b j k tion subservient j b j r ♦substantial, j b j t ti substitute, j b j / u joined substituted, sh s \.t (separated) ♦riufficient-cy, s f ish (up) superscribe, s pr s \<. superscription, s pr sV tion ♦surprise, 1 spr s ♦surprised, 1 spr st loop ♦surprising, 1 spr s ing ♦suspect-icious, s j p suspiciously, s j p 1 Tabernacle, t br tasteful ly, t -f f / temperance, t mp tenement, t mnt ♦testament, t s mnt ♦testamentary, t j m n t r testimonial, t j m n L ♦testimony, t j m n ♦thankful ly, 1 ith U thankworthy, 1 th w r ^h thankless. 1 ith 1 s thanksgiving, ith ing s i; ♦'o-day, grammalogiie to d ♦together, " " K ♦tomorrow, •' '' mr transcribe, tr j k b transcript. \r s Vpt transcription, ir sVp tion transfer, tr s ir transgress, tr j g j transgression, tr j g tion transmission, Xr s xw tion transubstantiate-ion, tr j b tribunal, tr b trust-deed, ir s d truthfulness, tr f/ n J Unaniniily-ous, y n n •unchristian, 1 n kr unconstitutional, n j t tion undersigned, nd s nd ♦understand, \ nd s tnd ♦understood, \ nd s t underwriter, nd, r r (separated) unexampled, 1 n k j m undignified, n d g unessential, n s n CCNTR ACTIONS. ^59 unexpected, n k J p unexpectedly, n k j p 1 unfavorable, n f vr unfamiliar, ii f m ungovernable, n g v b/ *uniform, | ♦uniformity, ( ^ unforgiven-ing, n fr (duplicate), g ♦unimportant, 1 n mp (separated), ♦unimproved, n mp " uninfluenced, 1 n n st loop uninfluential, Inn sh/'(up) unintelligible, n «/ j b/ ♦uninterested, n nt s t ♦uninterrupted, n nt p / union Jack, yay j k ♦unmistakable, n m j k b/ unparliamentary, n \'r 1 unquestionable, n kw s t n unprincipled, n pr unpublished, n p b ♦unsatisfactory, n s \ s v unsatisfactorily, n j t j 1 unsubstantial, njb j t unscriptural, 1 n skr 1 unsuspected, n s j p unusual, n zh/ Vice versa, v j v Wasteful, w J f L wastef ully, w j f 1 wastepipe, w j p p wedgewoodware, w wd w r ♦welcome, wl k (separated) westward, w j t wd ♦West Virginia, w j v ♦whatever, grammalogue what V ♦whatsoever, grammaIo<;ue what s V ♦whenever, grammalogue when V wistful, 3 w J f L wistfully, 3 w J f 1 ♦whoever, grammalogue who vr whosoever, grammmalogue who s vr wonderf ul-ly, w double length, « writer, r r wristband, r s bnd Yesterday, y s t younger, ngr youngest, ng st loop ADDENDA. ♦doctrine, d t r « ♦income, n k beneath remembrance, b^ ns ♦omnipotent- ce, m n p l60 INTERSECTED WORDS. II. INTERSECTED WORDS AND MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES. 245. Official titles, names of public companies, and any ■words or phrases that do not otherwise admit of brief easily-written forms may be abbreviated on the principle of intersection, that is, by writing some one prominent letter across auotlier, or by writing the words in juxtapo- sition, as in the following examples. When the positions of the letters do not admit of intersection, the second letter is written under, or at the side of, the first. Act of Assembly '* " Congress Adams' Express Co. l—sv Agricultural Society American Bank Note Co. " Express Co. Assembly Chamber )j At owner's risk 1/ — " sender's risk ti___p.'' — B^i#rupt-cy X" X) Biirof lading \^ Board of Aldermen \j('^ " " Directors 'M *' " Education Sj Capital punishment ^ Capt. Caxton J" " Reynolds -7^^^ Chamber of Commerce^ City and County of New Yoik L^ Cit}', County, and State of New York Coal Co., Ltd. _7^ Col. Dixon MLa^, Company's risk -7^~ Conservative party X Custom House ~C-^ Delivery office ^ Democratic party 1\^ Embankment -^^ as in Sea embankment -^■. Equitable Life Assur- ance Society "^S^ Express Co. % — Farmer's Loan and \ ^q_ Trust Co. ~^ General Manager ^ — y Scofield °!K German American In- surance Co. Z-^^p— High water mark ..jL- INTERSECTED WOEDS. House of Represent- atives ,js/ ' " Thompson >t,.^ Quinquennial valuation "^ Railroad yy «»in Grand Trunk R. R. ""I^X Republican party /^^ , Senate Chamber / Stock Exchange T Union Trust Co. tT"^ United States of America (r~^^~~^ " Exp. Co. /"^V- " " Senate /^ Vice-President V^ 1 62 BUSINESS PHEASES AND CONTRACTIONS. III. BUSrNl]SS PHRASES AKD CONTRACTIONS. According to cT"^ agreement account saJes -t additional ex- Ir-^ pen 86 V. after due consid- J eration [j all claims i_^-& and if you can in- \vw^_, form me ^ as a matter of "^ "^ coarse ,<— ■^,^_ as a matter of fact as soon as ready Q-sm at all events Jjrf. at any rate Jr-.. at his request .£__ at your earliest -^^v convenience » J^~^ Balance due ^U balance sheet \/^ be good enough \-vw< best of my ability V^ best quality >s_^ bills of lading \^ by goods train .^^ by his request V^ by letter y^ by my letter .V-/^^ by our invoice by passenger train by telegram by which you wiD see by wire by your letter Cannot account cannot answer cannot say copy of my last letter Declare a divi- dend deliver imme- diately directors of the Company directors' report discount for cash Early attention early considera- tion early reply enclosed letter enclosed please find Facts of the case faithfully yours few days ago financial affairs first instant for their interest freight train from my hist letter from the enclosed letter from the last re- port fully considered further consideration further particulars Groods not to band great disappointment gross receipts I am directed I am directed to state I am extremely sorry I am in receipt of your letter x am -obliged I am rather surprised I am requested I am requested to state I am very sorry I am very sorry that you should ttunk I beg to enclose I can assure you I do not understand I enclose account I enclose cheque I have no objection BUSINESS PBKASESrAND OONTBACTrONS. I have received I have the honor I haTe to inform you <^^f '^V*'^ I shall be obliged I shall be pleased I shall expect I thank you I will consider I will endeavor if we understand if you will oblige in consideration in exchange in the course of a ^ few days in my last letter in my letter in reply in reply to your letter in the nM.tter into the matter in this case it gives me great pleasure in which you will see in your last letter in your letter in your reply in your reply to ' my letter Just possible just received 1 64 BUSINESS PHRASES Last week lowest terms Make an appoint- meut mach obliged my last letter my letter Necessary ar- rangements necessary atten- tion next week no communica- tion Of this date ordinary rates our best thanks Payment of ac- count postal card please note Railway companies registered letter respectfully request Satisfactory answer some time ago special rates To our satisfac- 4: ^ ^ M Under bill of sale ^^s/^ underwriters !>^ unless we receive ^^^^^ AND CONTEACTIONS. We are confident we are in a position we are not satis- fied we beg to ack- nowledge ' we beg to call your attention we have received we respectfully request ' we shall expect which will be takenin to consideration Tou are at liberty your considera- tion your favor your last letter your obedient servant yours faithfully yours obediently yours respectfully yours truly your reply to my letter you may rely you may require you may consider you must consider you will be sorry you will consider UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamp>ed below. JUL87l9fl1 Form L9-25jm-9,'47(A5618)444 AT LOS ANGELES T TIHr-k . _- . UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY A 000 583 676 2 Z^6 M38lc