AS SEEN IN GROUPS. k< SECOND EDITION-, ENLARGED, 3s. ON ENGLISH SURNAMES AND THEIR OCCASIONAL ODD PHASES "WHEN SEEN IN GROUPS. NOTICES OP FIRST EDITION. "Mr. Lordan is known for his at once exceptional and ho- nourable place in literature. Some years ago he appeared as the author, printer, and publisher of a very clever book, not a word of which was ever written. His ' Colloquies on Poetry and Poets' was really first composed in the types which he set up, to give expression to his thoughts. "We are glad to find that the " Colloquies '' is in its third edition. In the present work on English Surnames Mr. Lordan, after a pleasant introduction showing that Surnames are taken from every place, ouality, circumstance, the earth, the heaven above, and the~waters under the earth, proceeds to arrange the surnames in groups. In the notes dropped as the names are gathered there is some- thing to glean. ATHEN;EUM. "The critical opinion expressed by Moore of a collection of Mr. Lordan's essays on Poetry and Poets published several " g. arrangement adopted by Mr. Lordan is to be commended, for he has grouped the names in " families" and preceded these name-groups by a dissertation " On some of the Odd Phases of our Surnames." But is by no means easy to make such a selection as would do the author justice. Every page contains quotable passages, which, however, are so firmly woven into one concise story that it seems a pity to disintegrate it. The author may rest satisfied that he has done good service by his publication." MORNING POST. " The name of Lordan will recall to the mind of many per- sons the same author's 'Colloquies on Poetry and Poets,' which Mr. Lordan, who is a printer, composed at once in types with- out written copy. This singular volume has had a success which is not at all beyond its merits. The present work, which is most creditable to the compiler's own press, is also creditable to his taste and industry. Some singular names are to be found in these groups, and a great deal of " fun" may be got out of some of them. The Introduction, " On Some of the Odd Phases of our Surnames," shows how well-qualified Mr. Lordan is to handle this subject, and that he can be as much a humourist as a scholar." NOTES AND QUERIES. THE UNWRITTEN BOOK. Third Edition, price 3s.6d., COLLOQUIES ON POETRY AND POETS, ALMA MATER, &c., BY C. L. LOR DAN, OF ROMSEY PRINTER. LONDON : HOULSTON & SONS. ROMSEY : LORDAN . " OF the little volume before you one individual has been composer, and compositor, and imprinter throughout: this circumstance is only noticeable, inasmuch as it may be a mental and mechanical combination unprecedented but unimposing. But THB PEN has been a stranger to the prose part of its composition : with the exception, of quotations I have been unaided by a line of ' copy,' and the ' composing stick ' has been my sole mechanical ' Help to Composition.' " EXPLANATORY DEDICATION. [OPINIONS Copits of l|>t gtntoritttn Pool; totrt :trrrptt& bg ?5tr ^RnintQ ano tb, t {Jrintt Consort, nno plarrb in their rtsptctibt libnrirs as " srtnt rnriositus." 8H)t follotoing " Opinion* " art ba permission ijuoUb : WORDSWORTH : No commonplace production, but a truly original one. MOORE : A volume in every respect interesting. LORD LYTTON: A very eloquent little book. LADY BLESSINGTON: An interesting literary curiosity; a very remarkable production. DR. CROLY: The circumstances of its production render it curious to a lover of books, but its freshness and vigour of conception render it of still higher value to a lover of literature. ROGERS: Highly to be valued on every account. CARLYLE : Wholesome, cheery, sanatory; like a ramble through the summer groves. DICKENS: A striking example of industry, intelligence, and perseverance. TENNYSON: It is indeed a great curiosity. MRS. 8OUTHEY: Most remarkable, and in many ways most interesting. MRS. HOWITT: Its just and generous views of Poets and Poetry have been a real luxury. MISS MITFORD: A volume curious and interesting in every respect. DR. DORAN: Altogether, I now believe that your's is the first book that has been printed without being written. OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. " A book printed that was never written a miracle, if the reader will thus accept it. The remarks on French pulpit orators are just and discriminating. We cannot do better than commend this ' unwritten book." ATHEN^UM. " Apart from its intrinsic merits it is a curiosity, being the first unwritten book. There is, indeed, a tradition that Betif de la Bretonne composed his ' Paysan Perverti ' in the same Lost ' and the first proof of his handiwork is still in his pos- session." ATHENJEUM (2d notice). " A book of pleasant and genial gossip, the result of extensive reading and keen, yet generous observation. "We thank the author for adding to our intellectual treats." ART JOURNAL. " In every respect a singular book : it contains 268 pages of poetical prose, acute criticism, shrewd thoughts, and charitable philosophy. The greatest singularity, perhaps, about this volume consists in the fact, that not a word of it was ever written. If the simultaneous arrangement of his thoughts and his types together has at all affected Mr. Lordan's style, it is not injuriously so it has made it concise and expressive." CHURCH AND STATE GAZETTE. " A singular work, never written out, but at once set up by the Author in is own printing office. The criticism on Wordsworth, Milton, and others is good, abounding in pleasing images and sound opinions." BELL'S MESSENGER. " A literary curiosity, worthy of commendation." JOHN BULL. " A curiosity in literature. The colloquies are original both in thought and expression, and point to qualities and beauties in the poets which we believe have never been noticed before. A short original poem, ' The Approach of Night in Eden,' has the flowing melody, the imaginative Orientalism of language, the richness of imagery we admire in Moore." BRITANNIA. " An ' unwritten book' a volume of nearly 300 pages, ad- mirably printed, but of which no portion was ever written, seems at first to be a perfect paradox. Mr. Lordan's Collo- quies' may however be safely left to the influence of their own innate quality. Distinguished by much originality of thought, and by an easy and vigorous diction, they are steeped in the very essence of true poetic feeling, and evince a kind- ling sympathy with the generous emotions and warm impulses of human nature in its best and loftiest moods." POOLE AND DORSET HERALD. " This is indeed a curious work : worthy of unqualified praise." DOBSET CHRONICLE. " Mr. Lordan has dared to do more in a typographical manner than any printer since the introduction of the art by Coxton. We allude to his ' Desultory Colloquies,* a book for which there was never any manuscript copy a thing unparalleled in the annals of literature : in fact the first unwritten book. The Colloquies are most highly interesting, and are ' got up ' in an admirable manner, and ought to be found upon the shelves of every library, if only as one of the Curiosities of Literature." KENTISH INDEPENDENT. A curiosity of literature. There is evidentlya strong poetic feeling in the Colloquies, and the admirers of Wordsworth and Professor Wilson will read the worfc with especial satisfaction. MAONET. " There is a deep thought and acute criticism chastely ex- pressed in every page, interwoven with poetical imaginings which are frequently beautiful, and sometimes approach the sublime. A most readable volume, from the perusal of which one may rise with the feeling of having enjoyed a real intel- lectual treat." HAMPSHIRE ADVERTISER. " A mental and mechanical combination almost unparalleled in the annals of typography : abounding in glowing thought and imagery. The book is most healthful and cheery, is full of freshness and vigour, and many of its views of poets and poetry are original and sound." SALISBURY JOURNAL. " This work is, we believe, unparalleled in the history of literature. The author is evidently one who has quaffed deeply from the well of pure poetry, keen in the perception of beauty nervous in thought and expression kindly and pleasant to gossip withal." SALISBURY HBRALD. " A handsomely-printed volume of more than 250 pages a mental effort unparalleled in the annals of literature and ty- pography ; displaying much originality of style and varied reading." HANTS CHRONICLE. " We congratulate the author upon the talent displaped in his work, which is also creditable to him for its typographical execution." DOVER CHRONICLE. " The author set up the type without first writing ' copy.' For this reason alone the book is a curiosity. It is something more : Mr. Lordan has the true spirit of authorship : his ' Colloquies ' are charming." IOAKO. " A volume of essays full of bright, good, genial thoughts, admirably expressed, and revealing grout critical acumen and poetic power." NORTHAMPTON MERCURY. ON ENGLISH SUBNAMES AS SEEN IN GBOTJPS. OF CERTAIN ENGLISH SURNAMES AND THEIR OCCASIONAL ODD PHASES WHEN SEEN IN GROUPS. BY C. L. LORDAN, AUTHOR of " THE UNWRITTEN BOOK. COLLOQUIES ON POETRY AND FOETS.' SECOND EDITION. LONDON: HOULSTON & SONS AND THE AUTHOR, RCMSEY. cs Z505 PREFATORY NOTE TO SECOND EDITION. " A group of Surnames is in course of constant expansion from the turning -up of new members," was an apology for many omissions discovered too late for insertion in a Collection which preceded the present, and which had leen the result chiefly of a winnowing of London and Provincial Directories. In this winnowing the purpose was, to separate from English Surnames in the mass, and to assort in groups or classes, those which in their form and meaning were recognisable parts of language, as distinct from that great remainder which are ofolscure signification or of none. Since his first Essay in this direction the Compiler has leen enabled to considerably augment it from access courteously afforded ly MAJOK GKAHAM to the National Depository of Surnames of which, as Registrar General, he is custodian; ly an unpublished collection, similar in plan, of GENEBAL SIR GEO. LE GRAND JACOB, C.B., K.C.S.I.; and ly contributions from interested and friendly Correspondents to all of whom thankful acknowledgment is here made. To Authors also from whose works information and materials have leen gleaned the Compiler gratefully admits his obligation. INDEX. SURNAMES DERIVED 'FROM OR DESCRIPTIVE OF PAGES MAN 6 73 His RELATIONS 7 79 ATTRIBUTES AND MEMBERS 8 81 VOCATIONS 9 84 QUALITIES, IN ADJECTIVE FORM 14 90 AS ADVERBS 16 97 SPIRITUAL BEINGS 17 98 RELIGIOUS SPHERES AND STRUCTURES MAN'S NOURISHMENTS 18 99 His RAIMENT 22 103 HOME AND SHELTER 23 105 HOMK AFLOAT 24 108 GOODS AND CHATTELS 25 110 THE ILLS OF LIFE 27 115 ITS MASTER-PASSION 28 117 TITLES OF DIGNITY (Secular) 31 118 (ReligiousJ 32 119 BEASTS 120 BIRDS 34 122 FISHES 35 124 REPTILES 36 125 INSECTS 36 125 THE EARTH'S CONSTITUENTS 37 126 VISIBLE OBJECTS OF NATURE 38 128 TREES 39 133 FLOWERS 40 135 FRUITS .., . 41 13G Vlll VEGETABLES 41 137 HERDS AND GRAIN 42 138 THE TIMES AND SEASONS , 139 ELEMENTS AND HEAVENLY BODIES 43 141 VOCABULARY OP WAR 49 142 MONEY, METALS, &c 44 144 "WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 46 146 COLOURS 47 147 Music 148 LETTERS 48 CHRISTIAN AND OTHER NAMES 61 149 THE "SON" AS AN OFFSHOOT 63 168 NOUNS OF NUMBER AND QUANTITY ,, 156 NATIONS AHD PEOPLES 54 157 LOCALITIES 158 VIRTUES AND VICES 168 PARTICIPLES 65 '165 COMPOUNDS OF VERB AND ADVERB 56 169 VERBS IN THE IMPERATIVE 57 171 INTERROGATIONS AND EJACULATIONS 58 176 ALPHABETICAL LIST 178 ON SOME OF THE ODD PHASES OF OUR SURNAMES. <( TN the catalogue of books which are no books I reckon DIRECTORIES and Draught-Boards bound and lettered," wrote one of the most entertaining of English Essayists.* His allusion to a Draught-Board may be regarded as a bagatelle; but enamoured of London as he was had it been his humour to have chosen its DIRECTORY for a studied theme, what pen would have dealt with it more interestingly ? Truly, at first sight this ponderous Namebook, like a certain leaden casket, "rather threatens than doth promise aught" but heaviness ; yet on second thought, what single secular volume is in reality more suggestive? For of how surging and swarming a mass of Human Life is this huge tome the silent index, and what imagination may compass a ten-thousandth part of the * Lamb : " Essays of Elia." 2 ON CERTAIN PHASES joys, and pains, and passions, at every moment vivid in the vast theatre of whose actors it is the elaborate muster-roll? Herein are titles so interwoven with the grandest achievements of Literature and Art and Science with National Glory, Statecraft, Enterprise that at sight of them History unrols an endless page and Memory is overwrought. Herein are names, adopted or imposed, representative of the virtues which all but deify and the vices which all but demonise mankind. Herein, as in an inexhaustible treasure-house, are stored the constructive materials wrought up by poets and by word-painters, who have analysed and pictured and mirrored MAN, that complex Masterpiece of Creation now, as ever, to the Priest a perplexity, to the Poet a still unfathomed mine, to the Painter a perpetual study, to the Mecha- nician a marvel, to the Philosopher an unsolvable problem, to the Chemist a soluble combination of gases. If now we could realise that which is indeed most real, that on this thronged human stage each actor has his special role, his individuality, then may these Directory-pages acquire an effect like that imparted by the stereoscope to the flat groupings of photography, in which every unit stands out in distinct relief and asserts a character of its own, in the similitude of actual and all but articulate life. For the special purpose however of this compilation OF OUR SURNAMES. O Directories have not been resorted to as stimulators of the imagination, nor as matter-of-fact indicators of men's homes aud their vocations, but simply as Regis- ters which record their NAMES. Of these such as carry on their surface a meaning which is plain and passing current among us have been assorted and grouped, not by the rules of Etymology, but from, their having a kindred signification or an apparent relationship, though the legitimacy of such relationship Etymology would frequently disown. Indeed, the current form and meaning of many of our Surnames are often so greatly and not seldom so altogether at variance with that which they originally bore, that between what was Primitive in structure and in signification and what is Present the contrast is some- times grotesque;* but as this classification is based almost exclusively upon Surnames as we find them, it would continually break up a family circle in these pages if certain of them should, at the bidding of Etymology, be withdrawn from the company in which they now appear and be sent into strictly correct society. In a living language the history of many of its * Of Names th.ua distorted in form and perverted in meaning a striking illustration is afforded in that of Blacknionster, " which repulsive name (Mr. Lower observes,) is a corruption of lanch- minster, the White Monastery." The same writer attributes the surname Devil to the French De Ville, an instance of still more obnoxious perversion. ON SURNAMES TVords, in regard to their significations, has been one of change, of others it has been one of entire trans- formation ; but in their everyday use we think only of what they are actually intended to express and have no regard for significations which (so to speak,) have departed this life a precedent which it is hoped may justify in this arrangement of our present Surnames the not irreverent ignoring of " forgotten relationships"* and meanings which are out of date and obsolete. " All Names," observes a learned authority, " had originally a meaning;" but of the Surnames now in use a mass appear to be meaningless, while a large proportion of them possess an interest of a twofold character and degree. Inasmuch as many of them were among the first developments of the God-given faculty of speech, and are thus connected with the mystery which attaches to the origin of human lan- guage, they have a peculiar and profound interest for the Philologist in every land which the love of Letters has enlightened. In our own, and looking more especially to names which lie at the root of our mother-tongue, it has been to Learning a labour of love to probe their source, and from their primitive derivations to trace them in their altered forms through ages of mere oral usage, and that usage often rude. * " I have sought to trace tbo forgotten relationship of 2000 years." fcrguaon, in " Teutonic Name-System." IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. O And it needs no scholarly appreciation of scholarship to survey with admiration the painstaking researches of those who, in our own field of Nomenclature, have dug for " roots " in Anglo-Saxon and more ancient soil, have disclosed their ramifications through suc- cessive centuries, and tracked them to a local habita- tion in the Directory of the living day. But this rare intellectual enjoyment is exclusively the Student's reward, and is therefore a privilege shared by com- paratively few, Names may, nevertheless, be found to possess a secondary interest to unlearned and merely surface observers, if such observers will only look them steadfastly in the face have an eye to the frequent quaintness of their forms spare a thought on their occasional oddity as appellations of Men and note how, when gathered into groups, they make compact and intimate alliances. Eegarded thus, and apart from any " remoter charm " by Philology supplied, " or any interest unborrowed from the eye " and its familiar associations, they are herein clustered on the printed page, and with diffidence presented in a point of view which is simply and avowedly superficial. The culling-out from that infinite array of Surnames which our national Name- Registers present, those which are intelligible, and the gathering such of them into compact groups, is like the reconnoitring of a vast 6 ON SURNAMES disbanded host, the summoning of parts of it into one limited field, and the sorting of such selected members into companies and smaller squads ; and it is then at first perplexing to fix upon a definite reviewing-point, and to decide upon the order in which the selected but still motley legion, when arranged, shall march past. Since, however, Man has formed one of the oldest of our generic or root-names, it may perhaps claim the foremost place in any catalogue of his Nomenclature. The original characteristic, peculiarity, or accident from which many a man derived his first distinctive cognomen may have long been effaced in his posterity, so that it is well for him that if the name he inherits be disparaging a man may be " a man for a' that," even when in Namebooks he is seen in the unmanly form of Notman, again in the imper- fectly-developed forms of Quarterman and Halfman, and again in the diminutives of Dollman, Manikin, Boyman, Smallman, Lowman, and Short-man : arrived at the full stature of Man and AUman, he rises into Highman, Tollman, and Talkrtnan; expands into Ampletnan, Bigman, Longman, and Overman; multi- plies into Ttcoman, Tenneman, Ticentyman, and Forty- man; and between Youngman and Oldman, Richman and Poorman, Gentleman and Grumman, Freedman and Hiredman, Trotman and Snailman, Sageman and Silliman, Tidyman and Muddyman, Grossman and ,IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. * Merry man, Goodman and Vileman, Sickman and Strongman, and before he appears at length asDeadman, he will be found to have exhausted a copious vocabu- lary of compounds in the varying description of his person and his properties and his pursuits. Turning from Man in his simple and his compound form and tracing him in his Growth and Kinship, we find that all the stages which separate life from death a Baby from a Deadman and all the varied relation- ship of life, have supplied him with a Name. In these he stands as Parent and Child, Son and Heir, Lover, Bridegroom, Husband and Father; Daughter, Bride, Wife and Mother; Brother and Sister, Grandchild, Uncle, Nephew, Cousin, Godson, and in other grades which are even more minutely denoted in Namebooks than in the " Table of Kindred and Affinity " con- tained in the Prayer-book, which at its outset warns a Man that he may not marry with his Grandmother. The wholesome prohibitions of the " Table " provoke a comparison with the wholesale licence of Directories, into which, if we look with a view to the matrimonial alliances against which they offer no impediment, we see no respect for Levitical or any other restraint, nor any just cause why a Grandchild may not marry a Mother; why a male Girl may not be joined in holy bonds to a female Trimboy; masculine Spinsters and Brides to feminine Bachelors and Youny husbands; a 8 ON SURNAMES Miss Husband to a Mr. Wife. We may meet a Fair- mayden and a Strangewornan in man-shape, and a motherly Virgin who is sans reproche. The laws of society are so pliant that Bales may be the grandams of Widows, a Child the father of a Man, a Matron the spouse of a Twin. In actual life many Sucklings have greyer heads than Seniors, many an .E&fcr is the junior of a Younger, and an infant may be an Adult at the very moment of its birth. Dear to man are his own flesh and blood, and in his urgent need of a Name to distinguish him in the body we find him freely appropriating its attributes and members. With or without help from Science he has named himself or been surnamed as Soul, Spirit, Conscience, Reason, Memory, Will, Fancy, Witt; as Body and as Self. He is known also as a Frame, and in his range over the human one he has gone from the crown of the head to the sole of the foot from Hair and SI- till and Brain to Heel and Toe, and even to the toe's worrying excrescence, as in Corn, Cornfoot, and Corneyfoot. So stand him in this necessary stead Limbs, Bones, and Blood; Sinews and Arteries ; Head, Pate and Noddle ; Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, Chin, Tongue, Tooth, Voice; Neck, Bosom> Back and Belly; the Heart, Lung, Liver, Kidney, Ribb and Loins; Fingers and Thumbs, Knuckles and Fists, Legg, Knee, Shin, Foot; with Beard, Curl, Tress and Ringlet, and many IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 9 another yea almost every other component in man's most wonderful anatomy. Of Names to he respected in virtue of their antiquity, of very high rank are those which were derived from men's CALLINGS or VOCATIONS in the field of labour. As soon as it was appointed unto Adam to delve and unto Eve to spin, the vocations of the Tiller and the Taylor were originated, although at this date the most recondite inquirer might fail to discover which employment had precedence the cultivation of the soil or the fashioning of aprons. The Alpha of the alphabet itself a name* is the apt initial of such early occupations as the Archer, the Arrowsmith, and the Arkwright. The callings of the Smith, Heicer, Dauber, Joyner, Fitter, Plowright, Hunter, Herdsman, Shepherd, etc., were such as Ne- cessity would soon he teaching the primitive fathers of our race, and they their sons. The craft in which Tubal Cain comes down to us as first named artificer, that of the Smith, is without an equal as the propa- gator of patronymics: it has been said to surname by far the largest of our English families,! and to be " the * As also is Omega. t In the registry of one year (1865) the births in Ihe nix most fecund families were as follows: Smith, 10,505; Jones, 9619; Williams, 6198; Taylor, 5033; Davies, 4547; roicn, 4416. In point of fertility the Joneses pursue the Smiths so closely that in a 10 ON SURNAMES most common name throughout all European coun- tries/'* From reliable data in this respect we learn that the number of children who in the year 1865 were born inheritors of this name was 10,505, while the cycle of seventeen years the latter were in a majority of 3137 only. See article on " Surnames" in Cornhill Magazine of April 1868 ; but the Rev. C. W. Bardsley reverses the numerical status of the two families, remarking recently, in a lecture on Surnames at Leeds, that there were then in England 260,000 Joneses and 240,000 Smiths. * It is interesting to follow ubiquitous " John Smith" under the guidance of a writer in The Leisure Hour, who says of the name of Smith, " Disguised it may sometimes be, and it does sometimes affect a spelling above the common, appearing as Smyth, Smythe, or de Smythe. It also in England assumes a Latin guise (from ferrum), and becomes Ferriers and Ferrars, one of the noble names of England, associated also with a tragedy not noble either in its character or consequences. In Germany we have the Schmids ; in Italy the Fabri, Fabricia, or Fabbroni. In France the Le Febres or Lefevres. Although most of the European languages adhere more closely to the old northern name, even in Latin we have volumes in our library by Johannes Smithus, and we have seen in Italy Giovanni Smitti. The Spaniard's version of John Smith ia Juan Smithus ; the Dutchman adopts it as Hans Schmidt ; the French soften it into Jean Smeets ; the Russian roughens it into Jouloff Smittowski. John Smith goes into the tea trade with China, and then he becomes Jahon Shimmit. Among the Icelanders he is Jahne Smithson ; among the Tuscaroras he is Tom Qu Smittia ; in Poland, Ivan Schmittiavciski ; among the Welsh we are told they talk of Jihom Schmidd ; in Mexico he is written down as Joutli F'Smitri; among the classical ruins of Greece he becomes Ion Sinihton ; in Turkey he is almost lost sight of as Yeo Seef. Philology also assures us that those ancient names of the kings of Syria, Hadad and Benhadad, are the equivalents of our Smith and Smithson, as the terms pontiff or pontifex point back to the time when the chief man was he who built bridges or constructed roads." IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 11 Taylors begat 5,033. Some names derived from voca- tions, and others suggested it may be by peculiarity of character or habits of life, have a somewhat odd appear- ance when seen as surnames as Doctor, Apothecary, Quack, Patient, and Nurse ; Coward, Henman, and Hero; Landlord, Owner, Steward, Lessee, Renter; Borrower, Lender, Spender; Patriot, Citizen, Cavalier, Courtier, Fop, Dandy, Beau, Boor ; Seer, Sage; Author ) Artist, Poet, Painter; Tatler, Prater, Babler, Jabberer, Shouter, Bawkr, Roarer, Mumbkr; Tout, Puffer, Bouncer; Caller, Tarry er, Hinderer, Comer, Goer; Nipper, Snap- per; Shirk, Ratter; Grigg, Flirt, Charmer, Witch; Gawke, Greenhorne,Noodle, Milksop; Scholar, Prizeman; Truant, Dolt, Dullard, Dunce; Fagg, Drudge, Cad, Chum; Wag, Jester, Laugher, Whistler, Winker; Cryer, Swearer, Scowler; Serf, Varlet, Villein ; Scamp >, Swindler, Cheater, Prigg, Poacher and Police. Then as we scrutinise the units which make up the motley catalogue of Names derived from Occupations, a sense of drollery is stirred, sometimes by what is con- gruous and again by what is the reverse of congruous, in the coupling of certain Surnames with the Vocations whereunto their owners have been called in the busi- ness of life. In the actual union which we meet with of Hallowes, Godley, Shepherd, Guide, Sanctuary and Church with functions ministerial, and Papall as a Komish priest, one sees peculiar fitness; so also in 12 ON SURNAMES Benison,* but the contrary in Bans and Banfather as applied to men given to bless ; in Wroth as surnaming a messenger of peace ; in Downward to one whose special mission it is to allure upward, and in Pagan as deno- minating a Christian English priest. Again, there is evident congruity in Bowman, Slaughter, Kill, Cannon, Gun, Musket, Thunder, Gash, Gore, Valiant, and Shakespear, as appellations of men in naval and military command ; of Skipper as captain of a ship, and Cruise as a mariner, and Wherry as a boatman, and Bythesea and Main for those who live upon it; of Rule as the head of a department; of Caudle, Vials, and Planter, in the practice of medicine; of Tug well as a tooth extractor; of Gatherer as a collector of customs; of Earthy as a surveyor of land ; of Mutton as pre- siding at shambles, and Clinker at a blacksmith's forge ; of Gammon in the sale of millinery; of Lever in the line of watchmaking, and Whip in that of saddlery, and Boots in that of leather, and Stocking in that of hosiery, and Patching in that of brick- and-mortar; of Truefit, Rumfit, and Shears, in the art tailoric; of Tapster and Tippler^ as beer retailers, and of Mixieell True to that almost unfailing law of supply by which Name- books provide for every quality an opposing one, so Beniton has its opposite in Malluon. t A Tippler was not so named because he was an intemperate drinker. He sold liquors, but he might have been a sober salesman. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 13 as a publican, and Pickles as a dealer therein. It seems like necromancy that a tiny Pie should expand into a pastry-cook like a lusus natures that a Locust should be a cultivator and not a devastator of herbs. On the side of incongruity the names of Rude as designating a teacher of politeness, and Wildgoose as a trainer of youth, have an inconsistent look, and so has Want when met with in the court-sphere. The name of Plenty consorts well with the ideal of a contented farmer, but Fay sounds oddly when representing a ruddy and robust one. Not pleasant is the association of Pill with pastry; of doubtful harmony is that of Heaven with attorneyship, and equally doubtful that of Heaven with physic; so at first sight is that of Paradise with a smithy, yet in this last instance how touchingly has a line of Longfellow made that association euphonious.* It is soothing to find in the Turpin of to-day a friendly and not a hostile inspector of police ; it has a shocking propriety that in criminal records a wife named Slaughter should have stabbed her husband, a female Fury be guilty of fierce assault, and a Mistress Sly be summoned from her own bar to another less * Who does not remember how the meek heart of the brawny Blacksmith is half-beatified while he hears his daughter among the village choir, since " It sounds to him like her Mother's voice Singing in Paradise! " 14 ON SURNAMES free-and-easy as a contriver at stealthy tippling. The known affection of a child for sweets may soften our surprise at meeting with Cupid in a grocer's shop ; but a threaded needle brandished on a tailor's shop-board is not a seemly weapon in the grasp of Mars ;* while there is a mesalliance which is altogether ludicrous in the linking-up of Venus with tallow-chandlery, and in Virgo as snatched from the Constellations to surname a retailer of tobacco. Spirits which are " finely touch- ed " may shrink from a contrast of the primal Eve in Eden's fragrant bowers with a present Eve (alas, from what height fallen!) retailing beer by licence in a city's fetid back-slum ; and who would expect to meet with Santa-Maria stranded in a British port not prayed unto but with petition filed by adverse trade- winds driven into financial straits, compelled in con- sequence to wind-up, and at the last issue of the local Directory left " In liquidation." If the saying that " Nature hath framed strange fellows in her time " needed support, it is supplied by a glance at the PROPERTIES and QUALITIES which con- stitute Surnames, and which, when classified, form a comprehensive vocabulary. Both morally as to * A tailor Mars, pot-valorous and pugilistic, found himself before a magistrate one morning when October last was young. Haply the belligerent spirit within him had been stirred by a too* free indulgence in the beverage known as " Old October." IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 15 character and physically as to form, man's reach after names has embraced the widest extremes. Thus, on the side of almost superhuman virtue we find him surnamed as Divine, Holy, Godley, Allgood, Perfect, Faultless, Peerless, Innocent; normally he stands as Frail; and in his darker aspect is seen as Base, Evil, Vile, and Allsin. He is Good and Best and Bester, and he is Bad and Badder and Wurst. The surname Good has been a favourite root, from which the off- shoots are prolific : that of GoodenougJi (according to Mr. Ferguson,) started from Anglo-Saxon Godulf, which by phonetic addition became Godenulf, which in its next form became the Goodenough we see. It is not within the scope of these pages to enlarge upon original derivations, but this one is cited because the name of Goodenough, whose growth has been thus learnedly traced, has somewhere upon the Scottish border its opposite in the form of Baddeneuch. Then again we find Allgood, Thoroughgood, Bisgood, and Toogood; in other forms it appears as Gathergood and Scattergood, and as Goodman, Goodlad, Goodlass, Goodfellow, Goodbody, Goodluck, and many others. Amusing contrasts diversify these names which corre- spond with adjectives as Human and Divine, Ancient and Modern, Good and Evil, Holy and Vile; Giddy and Grave; Wise, Notwise; Daft, Clever; Gentle, Bruff; Grabby, Gatherless; Careful, Careless; Patient t 16 ON SURNAMES Colkrick; Happy, Sadd; Gay, Grum; Droll, Dull; Craven, Valiant; Fast, Slow; Busy, Idle; Tart, Sweet; Hott, Chilly; Dry, Damp; Wild, Tame; Humble, Proud; Bland, Churley; High, Low; Rich, Poor; Moderate, Muzzy; Coarse, Oiley ; and such like; with, physically, such opposites as Delicate and. Hardy; Debonaire, Dowdy; Tuely, Sturdy; Pretty, Ugly; Tough, Tender; Pale, Ruddy; Portley, Slim; Big, Little; Round, Square; Loose, Stiff; Awkward, Spruce; Tall, Short; Fat, Lean; Tubby, Lankey; and so on. There are sundry twin-forms in this class of Names, as Baldgrave, Redgrave, Feargrievc, Goodrich, Oldrich, and Malnoir. In these couplings there is nothing incompatible, but a few are made up of antagonistic compounds, as in the name ofFairfoul, and the French one (now naturalised) of Malbon. But specimens in this latter shape are rarely met with, and when seen may be made a note of. First cousin to the Adjective is the Adverb, not only as a part of speech but as a descriptive surname. The adverbial family is comparatively small, but is interesting in some of its diversities. We find in it such contraries as Gailcy and Sadley ; Gravely, Lightly, Grimley; Blackley, WJiiteky, Greenley, Brownley, Brightly; Proudly, Meekly, Meanky; Fairly, Shrigky; Sharpky, Looseky; Cleverly, Dully; Badlie t Purely; Softley, Crossky; Quickly, Slowky; Rashky, Wisely, IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 17 Wedkley; Flatley, Sharpley, Smart ley; and others elsewhere classified. Terrestrial bounds would appear as not to have confined the seekers after a Name, for out of both celestial and satanic spheres are found denominators identical with those of SPIRITUAL BEINGS, as God, Christ, Godman, Saviour, Messiah; Ghost, Demon. Angel somewhat commonly and Seraphim occasionally are also seen as surnames of men, but the kindred term of Cherub appears to have been unappropriated. From terrestrial offices the titles of Prophet and Apostles have been taken, while the names of the sacred prophets, apostles, and evangelists have been favorite patronymics; and there is something amusing in the naivete of the rural English mother, who, on presenting her fifth male child at the baptismal font, desired that it might be christened Acts, explaining that its four elder brothers having been called after the four Evangelists, the father was now disposed (in the person of the tiny mewler in the priest's arms,) to compliment the Apostles a-bit. RELIGIOUS SPHERES and STRUCTURES as well as Spiritual Beings and Religious Functionaries have been drawn upon for designations. In his spiritual range man has embraced both God and Demon, in his choice 18 ON SURNAMES among Structures he has availed himself of a Sanctuary, Shrine, Chantrey, Font, and Altar; of Temples, Minsters, Abbeys, and Colleges; of Churches, Chapek, Kirks, and Tabernacles; of Bishopricks, Parsonages, Vicarages, and Nunneries; Steeples, Spires, Vanes, Towers, Campaniles, and Churchyards; while in his choice of Spheres he has descended from Heaven to Hell from Paradise to a Pew and Stall. The Anglo-Saxon, though constitutionally slow and in many emergencies unready, has not been less interested than other races in providing for his body's NOURISH- MENT; indeed his devotion to the festive board is the well-worn theme of jesters, both foreign and home- born. In this vein and in some such words a departed humorist not long ago observed, that were an earth- quake suddenly to deposit England at the antipodes, a party of our countrymen would next day be assembling at a public dinner there in celebration of the event ; and verily, in taking note of the machinery by which much British philanthropy is moved into action, it would seem that a stomach comfortably filled is pre- essential to a generous unlocking of the heart. A similar condition of body applies also to British valour, if faith may be placed in the reputed saying of a commander, who pronounced as types of the best fighting men, an Irishman half-drunk, a Scotchman IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 19 half-starved, and an Englishman with his belly full. The Englishman as a feeder may be more hearty than fastidious, and it may be none the worse for him or his little island that he is so ; but of this poor Isle of his so pitilessly derided by continental gourmands, even while under her shelter* it must be confessed that hitherto Gastronomy has not been her greatness or her boast. In other sciences, and in other spheres than the cuisine, she has in some manner managed upon rude victual to rear sundry specimens of the genus MAN, which do her no discredit by foreign comparisons ; but who has she in the army of her Kitchen Chiefs to compare with a Soyer ? and at their formal feasts her sons still sit down under the humiliation of asking in a foreign phraseology for what they desire to eat. Still, with more regard for plenty than for artistic preparation, the ancient Anglo-Saxon ate and drank with a lusty if not a luxurious relish, and his posterity, in their restless quest for names, would not unnaturally fix their minds upon substances which had proved grateful to their bodies: an Englishman's nourish- ments have therefore both supplied his bodily necessities and enlarged his Nomenclature. The elements of food * Some readers may remember the disgust of an old French emigre, who pronounced England to be unendurable as a country to live in from her having twenty-four religions and only one soup, no ripe fruit but roasted apples, and because that every Englishman destroyed his own health in drinking to the health of his neighbour. 20 ON SURNAMES after which we find him surnamed make up a varied bill of fare. They are represented, collectively, in Sustenance, and are particularised in Pottage, Soup, Peasoup and Gravy; also iu the concrete forms of Bull, Bullock, Ox, Steer, Cow, and Beef; Ram, Sheep, Mutton, Lamb, and Lambshead; as Calf and Veal; as Buck, Roebuck, Stag, Hart, Doe, Kid, Hind, Venison ; as Game, Grouse, Pheasant, Partridge, Pea- cock, Woodcock, Snipe, Hare, and Rabbit ; as Poultry, Cock, Capon, Hen and Chicken; Swan and Cygnet; Gander, Goose, Gosling, Gibblet; as Drake, Duck, and Duckling; as Hog, Pig, Porker, Pigfat, and Fathog in the gross, and in detail as Hogsflesh, Bacon, Swines- head, Gammon, Chine, Brawn, and Ham the latter in other varieties than Hotharn and Coldham. For delicacies it would seem he had especial favour : the pre-historic Pudding is seen among his surnames, as well as its ingredients of Plum, Egg, Hardegg, Suet, Peel, and Sugar, with Sauce; so too are Pye, Paste, Mince, Tart, Custard, Dumplin, and other delectables ; with Bread (both Crust and Crumb) and Cheese and Butter likewise Sweetbutter and Sourmilk. His cognomens include the condiments of Salt, Mustard, Pepper, Vinegar, Oil, Curry, and Pickles, with Mace, Spice, Cloves, and Ginger. In the same list also are the beverages which usually accompany solid fare, such as Water, Ale and Goodale, Beer and IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 21 Goodbeer,* Porter, and Perry; in Wine, the varieties of Champagne, Claret, Sack, Sherry, Portwine, Hock, Madeira, Cape, Brightwine, and Goldwater; in spirits, Brandy, Rum, Goodrum, and Gin, with Negus, Purl, Punch, and Toddy; in requisites, the names of Cask, Barrel, Bottle, Funnel, Tun, and Tap ; with sundry refreshers as Coffee, Tea, Cream, Milk, Cake, Muffin, Bun, Honeybun, Rolls, Cracknell, Honey, Jelly, Jams, Candy, and many such like. Followed up in his feasting the Englishman is seen as Pipe and Segar, and Shagg, Returns, and Birdseye as sorts of a favorite Weed, while the common terms in culinary use are present in Cook, Roast, Bake, Fry, Boil, Stew, Simmer, Scorch; Mash, Garnish, Curdle; Done, Underdone, and Raw. To surnames of this class may be added others of an aspect more allied to coarse carousing than the feast of reason terms which smack of rude mediaeval revelry, are suggestive of black-jacks and unbridled appetites, and of hours horrifying to Lord Aberdare. Of such are Gobble, Cram, Stuffin; * Many there are in these days who dispute the virtue of heer, even of good beer, as an article of diet : but if Goodbeer be a con- traction of the fuller name of Goodbehere, the devout beer-drinker may in this latter form say grace over his tankard as he quaffs. Goodbehere might once have stood as Godbehere, and in that form would be even more expressive: full of beauty is the benediction contained in the kindred French name of Dieutegarde ! 22 ON SURNAMES Fillpol, Tapster! Upfill! Wellfill! Tipple, Tope, Swigg, Swillaway, Drink, Drain, Drinkard, Drinkdregs, Stopfull! Stagger, Stumble, Hiccup, Pickup, Holdup ! One does, it is true, meet with Wisecup, but in com- pany with the above it looks less enfamille than does that of Spillewyne. The question " What shall we cat ?" has in variable climates been of scarcely greater moment to man-and- womankind than this other, " "Wherewithal shall we be clothed?" and the RAIMENT which protects the body, like the food which preserves it, contributes to our national Namebook. In making common use as surnames of the members of his body, man travels from Head to Toe; so with regard to its apparel he has gone from Hat and Bonnet to Boot, Shoe, Sittingshoe, Slipper, Sandle, and Stocking. Among these names that of Hatt deserves to be especially noted for its an- tiquity, since in a document quoted in Turner's History of the Anglo-Saxons mention is made of an Anglo-Saxon family named " Hwita Hatte " (White Hatt*), which document is said to have " every appearance of being earlier than the Conquest, and if so, Hatt is the oldest Surname we have on record."f If appellatives were * The discovery of a BlaMiat also has been communicated to Notes and Queries. t Ferguson. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 23 in these days coined from the equipments which enter into modern costume and expand the literature of mo- dern fashion, abundant and ornate might be the new materials for our name-stores ; but the resources of our ancestry in regard to vestments were comparatively scanty, and the wardrobe was but humble with the contents of which our present surnames correspond. Among the articles of feminine attire which are also worn as names are Gown, Boddice, Petty coat, Stocking, Garter, Pelisse, Bonnet* Cap, Vail, Shawl, Tippet, Cape, Cloak, Scarf, Mantle, Cuff, Gilder sleeves, Mitten, Gauntlett, Frill, Feather, Fiirr, Ermine, Plume, Tassel, Trimmings, and Muff; among men's habiliments are Coat in its compound shapes of Middlecoat, Bodycoat, Nethercoat, Topcoat, Taylecoat, Narrowcoat, and West- coat; Shirt, Jacket, Vest, Doublet, Brceks, and Hose. There are also Surplice, Gaiter, Overall, Legging, and Wrapp. The names of Rag and Tatters, Ragless and Tattersall, depict, even if they were not suggested by, a raimentless condition. Another of man's necessities, that of a HOME or place of SHELTER, has proved to him as fertile a source of Surnames as have Food and Raiment. Regard * Was ever High Art in Millinery more imposingly asserted than by the French modiste, who justified a startling price which she had put upon a fashionahle bonnet by the assurance that it had " cost her three sleepless nights to conceive it ? 24 ON SURNAMES being first had to locality, we meet with such desig- nations as Country, Province, County, Shire, City, Town, Freeborough, Parish, Manor, Village, Hamlet, Street, Lane, and Slum; while the simple forms of House and Home are supplemented by many varieties, from Hovell, Hutt, Cott, Cottage, Hermitage, and Hospital, to Lodge, Castle, Mansion, and Pallace ; a Fireside, Ingle, and Hearth ; Shop and Office ; and all the requirements once conceivable in architecture. The catalogue is both curious and amusing from its comprehensiveness : in it (among details hereafter set forth more fully,) are Rooms, Chambers, Bellchambers, and Towers; a Parlour, Pantry, Kitchen, Laundry, Buttery, Garrett, and Cellars; Stairs and Banisters; a Terrace, Gallery, and Lobby, with Lawn, Garden, and Yard; a Court, Square, Gate, Porch, and Griil, with sundry outworks as Stable, Manger, Loft, TaUd, Barn, Garner, Shed, Mill, Windmill, Ovens, Dairy, Shcepwash, and Kiln. We meet also with Doors, Windows, and Shutters; Chimneys, Roofs, Eaves, Gables, Piers, Walk, Seawalls, Buttresses; together with such surroundings as in earlier days best made an Englishman's house his castle a Fort, Keep, Moat, Camp, Garrison, and Barrack. But besides his home on terra firma the Englishman has another in his floating one, the SHIP which in a IN FAMILY OEOUPmOS. 25 double sense is his castle's main security. Himself by Nature seagirt and by Grace prolific, the instinct is a happy one which inclines so many of his family to prefer salt-water to the soil, and prepares them to take as kindly to the rolling wave as to the rocking cradle. Cabined and confined on land, it may be that this all- surrounding ocean outlet has made the Englander the most restless and undaunted of explorers and his flag the best-known piece of bunting in the universe ; is he not aspiring yet to fly it from the Northern Pole? Naturally then the Ship of his love and pride must have its share in surnaming his progeny ; and thus do we see them responding to Sea and Main, Wave, Brine, Billows, Swell; Navy and Fleet; Ship, Goodahip, Ship- ing, Vessel, Bark, Brigg, Cutter, Lugger, Galley, Skiff, Barge, Tugg, Boat, Wherry, Packet, Punt, Gig, Hoy; Deck, Hold, Hull, Keel, Mast, Beam, Bow, Stern, Stem, Jibb, Mizen, Yard, Stay, Helm, Rudder, Anchor, Hope, Cable, Tackle, Flag, Sail, Bunting, Rigg, Coil, Clew, and Oar. There are Commanders and Crews, a Skipper, Boatswain, Cox'en, Mate, Seaman, Shipman, Boatman; with numerous other nautical phrases as Steer, Row, Tow, Cruise, Tack, Luff, Luff man, Star- board, and Wind'ard. In connection with an Englishman's home-life on land the inventory of an auctioneer resembles in some 26 ON SURNAMES sort that portion of the catalogue of his cognomens which if not directly derived from are identical in their actual forms with a man's household and ex-household GOODS and CHATTELS. In this collection of surnames we may start with Chattel, and among household se- curities encounter Guns, Muskets, and Pistols; Bolts, Chains, Barrs, Doorbars, Staples, Link*, with such accompaniments as Locks, Keys, Bells, and Knockers. Among articles of domestic prevision are Bassnets, Cotts, and Cribbs; likewise Clocks, Talks, Sofas, Couches, Cushions, Chairs, Stools; Wardrobes, Bolsters, Pillows, Beds and Bedding, Basins and Eicers ; and in culinary requisites are Knives, Forkes, and Spoons; Pails, Pitchers, Pipkins, Pots, Pans, Cans, Kettles, Bowk, and Buckets; a Dresser and Shelf, with all its appertainings in Crocks, Trenchards, Delf, Ware, Hardware, Juggs, Muggs, and Tankards. There are fixtures represented in Hooks and Crooks, Stoves, Kitcheners, Forges, and Furnaces; and in a mass of sundries are Rugys, Strawmats, Rope, and Ropeyarn ; Boxes, Drawers, Baskets, Panniers, and Hampers; Bottles, Vials, Jars, Barrels, Casks, Tubs, Funnels, Filters, and Tapps; Cruses, Castors, and Caddeys; Carbon, Coals, Coke, Fuel, Fagots, and Embers; Brooms, Warmers, Fenders, Irons and Mangles, Quills, Pens, and Plumes, with Lumber. Then there are Whips, Harness, Bridles, Blinkers, Halters, Reins, Stirrups, IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 27 and Spurs; such useful implements of good-wifery as Bodkins, Needles, Thimbles, and the like; and of good- husbandry as Sythe, Sickle, and Whetstone; Spade, Snead, Shovel, Plough, Hoe, and Harrow; Prong, Pickaxe, Pitchfork, with many which range under the general name of Took, as Axe, Anvil, Auger, Awl, Cleaver, Gimblett, Hone, Hatchet, Wedge, Trowel, Pick, Hammer, Nails, Mallet, Mattock, Shuttle, File, Saw, &c. Man's contrivances for his locomotion are recognisable in the names of Sorrow, Carriage, Caravan, Carr, Cart, Dray, Gig, Buggy, Brougham, Tilbury, Omnibus, Sledge, Wain, Van, and Cowvan. If the appellations whereby men are known had been always of their own choosing, it would betoken a morbid brooding over infirmities which first led suffering mortals to surname themselves after THE ILLS THAT FLESH is HEIR TO. But many designa- tions have been adopted, imposed, or corrupted in the using which now describe the sores to which man is subjected from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot; and therefore do we sometimes accost our fellow- men themselves not more afflicted than their fellows as Ache, Pain, and Anguish ; Famin, Blain, Boil, Gumboil, * Whitlow, Cramp, Croup, Cold, Asma, * Gumboil as a surname, is supposed to have been one of many which have undergone strange transformations and to have beep corrupted from the Danish Gundbald. See " Teutonic Name-System." 28 ON SURNAMES Qttinsey, Dropsie, Causer, Fever, Craze, Colic; Measel, Ricketts, Worms, Piles, Pimples, Spleen, Stone, Gravel, Shingles, and Mash, and after Malady in many another form. From all such afflictions and their accompani- ments of Physic, Lancet, Knife, Tapping, Bolus, Pill, Powder, Purge, Plaister, and Slopps, as well as from Life, Man parts at last, suggesting, if he flit suddenly, the name of Popoff: or he may stagger slowly through the gaunt lines of disease towards Death (now natu- ralised among our names both as Mors and Mort); and when a Corpse Earth, Ashes, Dust, or Clay direc- tories furnish his funeral with all the phrases which apply to posthumous woe. They introduce us to veritable Undertaker Mould, a Shell, Coffin, Bier, Hearse, Plumes, Bell, Knell, Toll, Church, Churchyard, Priest, Clerk, Sexton, Grave, Gravestone, Monument, and Scutcheon. If the name of the departed were suggestive of pun or jest its owner might in vain ex- claim with Robert Emmett, " Let there be no inscription upon my tomb let no man write my epitaph!" for Wisdom, Witt, or Doggrell would be certain to pursue him to his burying-place and carve his gravestone with a moral or a humorous quip, as suVely as a Sexton would cover his grave with the sod as with a cerement. Again, if under dyspeptic or melancholic derange- ment some men have designated themselves or been IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 29 by others designated after the Maladies which distress life, and some have been becalled by the grosser Passions which debase it, we may not marvel that other Nameseekers should have been attracted by LOVE, the Master-Passion which both distracts life and delights it by turns the inflicter and the soother of human woes and wounds. In this present day when man's Helpmeet asserts in some quarters her qualifi- cation and her right to be his professional adviser in pharmacy as in politics, and claims as free a " walk " in hospitals and halls of medicine as he, may not fair aspirants for curative renown fairly insist upon their special faculty for dealing with affections of the Heart, whenever its action is disturbed by that potential influence to which " All thoughts, all passions, all desires, Whatever stirs this mortal frame, Are but the ministers ? " Long ago pronounced by a seer of no dim powers of insight as " uncertain " in the flush of health but " a ministering angel " in pain and anguish, why may not Woman advance as a claim to diplomas and as a pretension which no man can gainsay her exquisite skill in irritants and counter-irritants, her non-need of stethoscopes to fix upon the heart's weak places, her knowledge of its love- writhing and how best to apply soothing emollients for " the sweet pangs of it," and 30 ON SURNAMES her rapid diagnosis of the disease without a solemn feeling of the sufferer's pulse when Love's fever is upon him ? Has not our great Master-Painter of the Master- Passion made one not only of his most loveable hut also of his keenest-witted creations a very expert in this line of practice the witching Doctress Rosalind ?* But regarding the passion as a Name-root, has it not flourished in well-nigh all landsf the wide world over, and, in our own, struck out in maniform expansions? With us it has the active form of Lover, Lovefit, Loverage, Catchlove, and Cutlove, and is seen in the descriptive forms of Younglove, Siceetlove, Truelove, Dearlove, Proudlove, Freelove, and Fulkflove. It has a pleading expression in Lovejady! a passionate one in Qwck,lovef a pathetic one in Love-go! a pleasing one in Lovey; a pitiful one in Loveless; a positive one in Menlove ; and a passive one in Wellbeloved. In the train of Love, and in the scroll of Names as well, comes Hymen. There are stirring exhortations, as * Willing too to give advice gratis to poor sufferers was generous Rosalind. Said she, " If I could only meet that fancy-monger I would give him some good council, for he seems to have the quotidian [or fever] of love upon him."" As You like it" t Remarking on the degradation and debasement of certain languages, Archbishop Trench refers to that of Van Diemen's Land, in the native language of which island there are four words which express the taking of human life, " while any word for love is wanting in it altogether." " On tht Study of Words" IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 31 Loveman and Lovewell, and the accessories of Lovebond and Lovering; while Marriage , Wedlock, Bridal, and Bridecake are at hand as also is the cordial to follow, known as Caudle. How long mere titular distinction may confer honor or command respect, or even co-exist with universal suffrage and the possible transfer of political power from the lords of creation to the ladies, is a question too problematical to be debated in limited pages. But it is evident that TITLES or DIGNITY had a strong attraction for our ancestors, since almost every known title has supplied a Surname. It thus follows that in the common walks of life one may now freely consort with Monarchs, Kaisers, and Kings whom he is not bound by loyalty to honor, with Queens to whom he owes no allegiance, with Princes in whom he puts no special trust, with Peers, Dukes, Marquises, Earls, Courts, Barons, Lords, and Nobles in no wise nobler than himself. He may foregather with uncrested Knights in every shire, with Marshals whose most familiar baton is a walking-stick, with Commanders only too ready to be commanded, with Centurions not boastful of authority. He may freely mix with Mayors, Provosts, Aldermen, and Burgesses; with Chamberlains and Heralds; with Judges, Sheriffs, Counsel, and Constables. In short, with the Directory 32 ON SURNAMES as with a detective of police, one possesses the open sesame to all society, and by its light one sees a new significancy in the adage that " a Cat may look at a King." Then in the order of RELIGIOUS DIGNITARIES, and with or without clerical proclivities, the traveller through Directories may have fellowship with Popes who make no claim to Infallibility, with Cardinals of no college, and Legates with no commission, and Bishops of no diocese. He may associate with Deans, Archdeacons, Ministers, Chaplains, Vicars, Curates, Priests, and Deacons : with Abbots and Monks jovial or devout, with Friars of habits manifold, and may keep lawful company with veiled and unveiled Nuns. And as among secular dignities the Directory was his passport from royalty to beadledom, so through the ecclesiastical hierarchy it is the vade mecum with which he may make acquaintance with dignitaries of every degree from an 'Oil/father, Pope, or Pontifex unwont to bless or ban, to a Sexton unused to bury. Akin to these denominators are those of Prophet and Apostles, Seer, Christian, Jew, Pharrisee, Gentile, Pagan, Churchman, and Baptist, which are met with as surnames in common or in uncommon use. The BEASTS of the Field, the BIRDS of the Air, and the FISHES of the Sea are large contributors of IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 33 surnames to the family of their lord and master. To be obliged to write himself Ass, as the born inheritor of that name, might in these days induce a person under such compulsion to bless the statute provided for the shelving of obnoxious surnames; yet Ass, on the authority of Mr. Lower, is an English surname; but the object now associated with the name differs so greatly from that which the derivative word signified, that (as another learned writer observes,) it " may perchance have to be elevated from a donkey to a demi-god." The vocal utterances of the Horse are represented in Neigh, of the Ass in Bray, of the Colt in Wicker; those of the Ox in Bellow, and of the Sheep in Baa. In its simple substantive form " Horse" does not appear to have been adopted as a name, but it is found in the compounds of Horseman and While- horse and in the quality of Horsey; while every animal allied to the Horse is met with as an English surname. Thus we have Stallion and Mare, Foal and Colt, Hack, Hackney, Cobb, Courser, Galloway, Gilley, Gelding, Palfrey, Pony, and Steed; we meet also with Mules. Howl, Bark, Tell, and Yapp, describe attributes of the " faithful Dog who bears man company," though not in that simple form in namebooks; but he is present there in other forms, as Pupp, Whelp, Poodle, and Curr; in the feminine gender as Bitch, and in certain distinct species, as Beagle, Spaniel, Pointer, 34 OJC SCUXAMES Setter, Terrier, and Colky. Another group of names supplies a Kennel. The Cat and Kitten are present in those shapes, and in Pussey and Mouser, likewise in Mew and Pur : so also are Hat, Mouse, and Mm. Of cultivated animals are Ox, Bull, Bullock, Calf, Heifer, Kine, Ram, Tupp, Ewe, Lamb, Lambkin, Sheep* and Tegg; Stag, Deer, Buck, Doe, Hart, Roe, Roebiwk, Hind, and Kidd; Hogg, Boare, Wildboar, Pig, Porker, Hare, Leveret, Rabbit; while among beasts unclean are Elephant, Tiger, Leopard, Panther, Bear, Shebeare, Wolf, Jackall, Fox, Ape, and Monkey. If only the natures of men were correspondent with their names how many domestic exhibitions of " a happy family " would human life present for therein Lions lie down with Lambs, and Reynards coquette with Ducklings without intention to devour. Large reinforcements to such " happy family " would flock in from those of humankind who are surnamed after BIRDS, in which collection it might be found that without incompatibility or disproportion a Wren had mated with an Eagle, and that other flutterings than Among ancient grave-stones which carry on their fronts expressions that are not grave is one referring to an Edward Thomas Sheep : " Here liei a Sheep : The stone speaks true. For a dead sheep is mutton." IN FAMILY GEOUPINGS. 35 those of fear had filled a female Sparrow with a Hawk in conscious pursuit. Of the feathered creation which have lent their names to men are birds of prey and of song, birds migratory and home-staying the Night- ingale, Lark, Woodlark, Blackbird, Thrush, Throssle, Starling, Linnet, Canary; plain Finch, Goldfinch, Bull- finch, and Chaffinch; the Robin, Titt, Dove, Pigeon, Martin, Swallow, and Sicift; the Peacock, Woodcock, Heathcock, Grouse, Pheasant, Partridge, Snipe, Plover, Kirlen, Quaile, Raven, Rook, Crow, Daw, Cuckoo, Parrot, Jay, Batt, and Owls; the Stork, Ostrich, Bustard, Buzzard, Biffen, Gull; Swan, Cygnet; Gander, Goose, Gosling; Mallard, Drake, Duck, Duckling; Cock, Sen, and Chicken. The Raven's natural note is seen in Croak, the Rook's in Caw, the Duck's in Quack, the Dove's in Coo. We come also upon Nests and Nest- lings, on Billing, and sundry bird-belongings as Wing, Feathers, Beak, and Talons. The TENANTS or THE DEEP, from Whale to Winkle, have fallen into the net of the nameseeker. Every Namebook yields a haul of Fish, pure and simple, and there have been instances of Rottenfysche ; we find also the terms of Fin, Finny, Roe, Scales, and Gill. Of fish that are finny are the Shark, Pike, Jack; Salmon, Trout, Grayling; Turbot, Plaice, Sole, Brill, Dab, Flounders; Turtle, Sturgeon, Dolphin, 36 ON SURNAMES Dory, Lamprey, Cod, Haddock, Carp, Chubb, Bream, Roach, Tench, Gudgeon, Dace, Eels, Spratt, and Min- now; and of cmstaceous members of the family are Oysters, Cockles, Crabbs, Mussells, Wilks, Shrimps, &c. There is Herring and there is, or was, Rottenheryng ; simple Whale, Whalesbelly, and WJiakbone. The names of a few objects in the REPTILE world and its borders are likewise met with as surnames, but they are mostly comprehended in Snake, Viper, Black- adder, Boa, Asp, Evett, Neuts, Frogg, Toad, and Slugg. In the group of compounds in " Man " we find a Snailman, and elsewhere a Trail. From the remotest times the INSECT family has lent Proper if not altogether pleasing Names to the human. Antiquity only commands affection in enthusiastic antiquaries, or if a love for what is simply ancient were strengthened in every mind by the lapse of ages, a Mr. Bug who some years since availed himself of a con- siderate licence of the law and assumed the name of Howard, vice Bug would not have parted with so venerable a patronymic ; for (as we are informed by "Mr. Kemble, in his treatise on the Names and Nic- names of the Anglo-Saxons,) in two charters dated more than 1000 years ago, two Anglo-Saxon ladies were familiarly known by the synonyme of Bucge. IK FAMILY GEOUPINGS. 37 But sages differ over this insect of ill odour, and another learned authority regards it as one of foreign importation, and not the founder of an Anglo-Saxon name.* The Fly, Flea, Ant, Emmett, Earwig, Grubb, Locust, Magot, Chafer, Beetle, Moth, and Butterfly, lie among the leaves of our Namebooks, as do Hornet, Wasp, and Bee; Honey and Honeycomb; Swarm, Pollen, Hives, Sling, Buzzy, and Hum. In the course of his wide-reaching quest for appella- tives man has not only seized them from Heaven and Earth, he has also " marched into the bowels of the land" and made free use of the EARTH'S CONSTITUENTS. Land has been^fertile in the generation of compounds of these are Goodland and Badland, Brightland, Sweetland, Fairland, Dryland, Freeland^ Holyland, Churchland, Kirkland, and certain others. In this * Mr. Ferguson in " Teutonic Name-System,' ' who further observes, that " in Old English the word bug meant a spectre. ' Thou shalt not be afraid of any bugs by night,' in an old version of the Scriptures, referred (he adds,) to an imaginary and not a real horror." t A Mrs. Rebecca Freeland (who seems to have been a free liver,) was buried at Edwalton in Notts in 1741, of whom her monument records that " She drank good beer, good ale, and wine, And lived to the age of 99." If Alcohol sips encouragement in the practice of Rebecca Freeland, Total Abstinence may find a fortifying precept in the names of 38 ON SURNAMES class are Earth and Water, Ground, Mould, Loam, Marie, Dust, and Mudd; Clay, Peat, Chalk, Sand, Gravel, Flint, Pebble, Stone, Slate, Marble, Quarry, Grout, and Gritt; with Alum, Salt, and Soda; Coal, Carbon, Culm; Ore, Gold, Silver, Brass, Iron, Tin, Lead, Pewter, Zine. From the Earth's components we pass to the forms which diversify its surface, and here Directories teem with surnames derived from or descriptive of the visible OBJECTS or NATURE. In such an excursion we encounter Glasiers, Alps, Mountains, Cliff's, Rocks, Craigs, Peaks, Torrs, Hills, and Ridges ; are continu- ally in view of Coverts, Glens, Gulkys, Holes, Hollows, Caves, Pits, Daks, Summits, Dells, Dingles, Bournes, Lanes, and Alleys; move among Boggs, Marshes, Dykes, Ruts, Trenches, and Fens ; are in the midst of Forests, Deserts, Gorges, Moors, Woods, Thickets; alongside of Banks and Hedges; in sight of Fields many, of Meads, Meadows, Crofts, Paddocks, Groves, Gardens, Parks, Orchards, Lawns; alight on Lakes, Rivers, Streams, Fords, Floods, Pooh, Ponds; pass Coasts, Channels, Creeks, Coves, Havens, Harbours, Eatwell, and Drinktvater or Drinkmilk. [There was in 1688 a Thomas Drawwater and there was also a Dangerfull Pitcher. History does not state that they were associates, but Drawwater must have somewhere met with a dangerfull pitcher, or how came he to be fined for drinking ?] IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 39 Beaches, Reaches, Friths, Headlands, Shores, and Strands, and sometimes come across a Ferry; meet with Waves, Billows, Breakers, Spray, Eddies, Water, Fountains, Waterfalls, and Puddles; and among objects which are more of Man's device than Nature's, are in a labyrinth of Streets, Roads, Ways, Highways, and Byways; are frequently near Wells, Wharfs, and Quays, Townsends, Waymarks, Milestones, and Mines. Among visible objects of Nature, TREES, FLOWERS, and FRUITS pleasantly relieve our namebooks. Of the former, Tree as a root-name is varied in Twelvetrees, Greentree, Appletree,* Peartree, Crabtree, Plumtree, Hawtree, &c. There are the Palm, Cedar, Cork, Sycamore, Beech, Elm, Pollard, Shrubb, Maple, Bay, Laurel, Myrtle, Holly, Elder, Box, Willow, Aspen, Alder, Privet, Withy. The Oak has its plural of Sevenoaks and other compounds, and its fruit the Acorn: the Ash has also a plural in the form of Fiveash. A natural adjunct to Ivy is found in Ivyleaf, and Thorn has pleasing varieties in Sikerthorn, Rose- thorn, and Blandthorn. Might a keen sense of scourging have first suggested Birchenough as an expansion of Birch; and was the name of Yew, when * Of the many names which have suffered by clipping, that of Apletre may be quoted as an instance of the severest possible priming, 40 ON SURNAMES first given to man or taken by him, applied to " a hale green " one, the patriarch of a century? Not only do nearly all British trees, but all the parts of a tree and the material it provides, supply surnames as Root, Boles, Stump, Branch, Bough, Twig, Sprig, Leaf, Tendril; Timber Top, Lop, and. Bark; Plank, Board, Inchboard* Deals, Post, Rail, Billet, Pole, Stick, Stake, Faggot, Stubb, Block, Chipp, Lath; and likewise Sapp and Gum. In the company of FLORAL NAMES we meet with Flowers, Garland, and Wreath, each implying plurality; as single charmers, with the pre-eminently popular Rose, sometimes seen as Rosinbloom and Ryperoserf even with the prefix " prim " an established favorite in Primrose, and found in sundry compounds as Plantrosc and Pluckrose. There are names redolent of odour as Violet, Jessamine, Gillyflower, Cloves, * Inchboard, superficially measured, looks perfectly in the bosom of its own family as it stands, and judged as it stands might argue that the man who first employed it was intent on putting a very fine point to his designation. But stern Philology scatters the crude hypothesis, and will not suffer us to see in Inchboard a piece of raw material sawn to a nicety, but a rude^corruption of the Danish name of Ingobert. After a similar fashion learned havoc is made with the name of Half yard, which is shown to be an alias of Danish Alfard. f It is of purely local interest that an Elizabeth Kyptrose was the last abbess of Romaey Nunnery in 1523. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 41 Pink, Lilly, Musk, and Lavender ; the Aloe waiting years for its development, the Daisy only for the sunrise ; the Tulip, Snowdrop, Myrtle, Eglantine, Columbine, and Woodbine ; the medicinal Poppy, Saffron, Camomile, Mary gold, and once a Dandylion ; with Heath and Oorse, and such inevitable conditions of flower-life as Slow, Bloom, Droop, and Wither. And from the FRUITS of the earth men have borrowed names in an alphabetical range from Almond to Walnut. They are met with as Apple, Sweetappk, Codling, Pippen ; as Pear and Quince, Orange and Lemon, Vine and Grape, Fig, Raisin, Date, Filbert, Nutt and Nutty, Pine, Peach, and Peachey ; and in sundry other fruity terms, as Juicy, Orchard, Appkyard, Vineyard, Rind, Peel, and Pipps. The Garden has also yielded another cluster of sur- names of a class more purely Vegetable. Of such are Cabbage, Carrot, Bean, Pea, Garlick, Leek, Onions^ Radish, Lettice, Spinnage, Fennel, Sage, and Parsley; Gourd, Mallow, Beet, Gerkin, Mustard and Cress, Kail, Arrowroot, and Sago. "Would the stinging Nettle and the bitter Rue, the irritating Teasel and the Thistle, have been indicative of natural character- istics in those who were first so called? As in a garden of herbs, so in this little group of names, we cannot avoid Weeds and Wedekind. 42 ON SURNAMES From the GRAIN and HERB on which human and animal life depend, a crop of surnames may be gleaned from our Namebooks. In that wide field we gather WJicat, Corn, Grain, Barky, Matt, Oats, Beam, Peas, Vetches, Maize, Rye, Bran, Pollard, Meal, Farina, Pulse, Grass, Clover, Herbage, Hay, Straw, Roots, and Seeds; with terms in close affinity, as Harvest, Garner, Crop, Samples, Stack, Truss, Sheaf, Pook, Haycock, Mow, Husk, Hull, Chaffy, and Burr. The TIMES and SEASONS, the HEAVENLY BODIES which govern them, the DAYS and MONTHS and YEARS, if they were not all originators of surnames have be- come a part and parcel of them. The seasons of the year did not, as some contend, originate the names of Spring, Summer, and Winter, or we might reasonably wonder at the absence of Autumn ; but we group them here on the principle of a prima-facie relationship. "Year" and "Month" are not yet found as sur- names in their simple form, but they are met with as compounds in Longyear, Hardyear, Redyear, Fever- year, and Learmonth. Midwinter is always present, but we appear to have no Midsummer among our English names. The ecclesiastical year is marked by Lent, Larnma^, Easter, Easterday, Whitsonday, Pente- cost, Middlemas, Halloween, Christmas, Yule, and Noel; the months are represented by January, March, IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 43 April, May, June, July, and August ; the days, by Sunday, Monday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday; the seasons of the day, by Dawn, Sunrise, Morning, Noon, Eve, Vesper, Vigil, and Night ; " the end of things created," by Dumsday and Worldsend. Certain portions of time are denoted by Day, Daily, and Twice- aday, Weeks and Weekly, Then, Yesterday, Now, Present, and Morrow ; with comments as it were on the passing hour, as Timeslow and Fugit. Day has a little family of compounds, of which we may bring into the foreground Allday, Singleday and Doubkday, Holiday, Merryday, and Jolliday. The celestial bodies have terrestrial namesakes in Sun and Dayking,Moon, Star, Morningstar, and the occasional Comet; with sparkling company in Ray, Sheen, and Glare, and subduing agencies in Cloud, Shade, and Shadow. Next in order come the ELEMENTS as furnishers of names to men, and as we look at these we may wonder how many were first applied by reason of their applicability. Fairweather, Fineweather, Merryweather, Goodair, and Sunshine, alternate in Namebooks as in Nature with Foulweather, Wind, Breeze, Gust, Blast, Tempest, Lull; Showers, Rain, Storm, Snow, Hail, Hailstone, and Sleet, varied again by intervening Dew, Mist, Hazeon, Fogg ; again by Ice, Frost, Thaw, and Heal, by Lightning and Thunder. We meet also 44 ON SURNAMES with kindred terms in Raining and Snowing, Sky and Rainbow. With this cluster of cognomens those which correspond to the Points of the Compass may consort, as North, South,* East, and West, with their offcasts of Northeast, Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western. Some of their compound forms are set forth in a future page. A people predestined to become a " nation of shop- keepers " would, in their outlook for patronymics, have had instinctive or intuitive respect for the significant symbols of . s. d., in all ages of absorbing interest to men's business and bosoms. Therefore may it have come to pass that Mammon, Lucre, Monet/, and Cash, did once appropriately designate their ardent lovers, and- j -since the amor nummi is a clinging lust it is possible that the old love may still linger in some in- heritors of these names. The Guinea, Pound, Mark, * The name of South serves as a reminder, that while the Bench and the Pulpit have not always subdued the impulse of humour in men, neither has the staid routine of the Beading-desk. The story is old and peihaps well-known of a curate of Dr. South, who is said to have suited him well, and after long service to have applied to the Doctor for a living in his gift, which was refused. Having soon afterwards to read in the Doctor's hearing the 75th Psalm, he thus emphasized the 7th verse " Promotion cometh not from the east, nor from the west, nor yet from thee, O South ! " m FAMILY GROUPINGS. 45 Crown,* Noble, Florin, Shilling, Sixpence, Groat, Penny, Halfpenny, and Farthing, denominate both our coin and our countrymen ; while of foreign monies current as names in England are the Dollar, Ducat, Thaler, Franc, Shechel, Stiver, Cent, and Centlivre. At one period there lived a Thousandpound and at another a Twentymarks. Families as well as fortunes have heen founded on a Penny, and one may gather from Namebooks some idea of the ways in which a Penny is accumulative. We see it thus in Twopenny, * The surname Crown affords an interesting instance of the con- tinual literal changes which certain names underwent while Ortho- graphy was at sea and the sport of phonetic winds. The elder Disraeli, writing on the " Orthography of Proper Names," observes, that " as late as 1660 a Dr. Crovne, was at such a loss to have his name pronounced rightly, that he tried six different ways of writing it, as appears by printed books Cron, Croon, Crovn, Crone, Croone, and Crovne ; all which appear under his own hand, as he wrote it differently at different periods of his life. In his will at the Com- mons he signs W. Crovne." When, as a finale to its variations or as a clue to its pronunciation, the Dr. elected to spell his name Crovne, we are reminded of the ancient Cockney conflict between the V and W, and of the elder Mr. Weller' s lucid hint on the or- thography of that illustrious name when he called to his son in the court to " Spell it vith a Wee" Perhaps to Cockney usage it may also be owing that the surnames of Vinegar, Vulgar, and Viper, are sometimes seen as Winegar, Wulgar, and Wiper ; while the name of Evyeart shadowing forth, as it does, a sorrowing spirit, and looking more stricken for the loss of its H's may owe its bereave- ment to the same H-abusing idiom. But the Heavyhearts have a fellow-sufferer in no less a personage than, the Pope, one of whose titles is somewhere written Olyfather. 46 ON SURNAMES Fippenny, Tenpenny, and Manypenny ; in Turnpenny, Ticklepenny, WJiirlpenny, Winpenny, Godspenny, Money- penny , Smallpenny, and Thickpenny ; and in other forms, as Pennymaker, Pennypacker, Pennyman, Penny- father, Pennycook, Pennyweight. There are Banks, Marts, and Stocks : "at the jingling of the guinea" Offer, Barter, Banter, Bicker, Higgle, Price, Purchase, Sale, Sell, Settle, Payable, and Pay, come to the fore ; while Gain, Profit, and Savings, keep company with Foresight, Thrift, Everthrift, and Tradewett. The METALS of Gold, Silver, and Copper, have currency as surnames as well as money ; while the precious stones Diamond, Ruby, Emerald, Pearl, Jasper, Onyx, Garnett, and Agate serve hoth as personal appellations and as personal adornments. A little squad of surnames correspond to the names of certain WEIGHTS and MEASURES, and include tho Puncheon, Firkin, Gallon, Ticopotts, Quart, Gill, and Dram ; Pound, Peck,* Strike, Bushel, Sack, Truss, Load, * A rhymester has thus amused himself with the name of Peck : " Here lies a Peck, which some men say Was first of all a Peck of clay : This, wrought by skill divine, while fresh, Became a curious Peck of flesh : Through various forma its Maker ran, Then, adding breath, made Peck a man. Full sixty years Peck felt life's bubbles, Till Death relieved a Peck of troubles. Thus fell poor Peck, as all things must, And here he lies a Peck of dust." IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 47 and Ton; Inch, Span, Hal/yard, Yard, Ell, Link, Chain, Rod, Pole, Perch, Lugg, Furlong, Hal/acre, Acre, Old- acre, Hardacre, Goodacre, Overacre, Fouracre and Foweraker, Hyde, Mile. The members of. another class take their denomi- nators from the names of COLOURS. Those of Brown and Green preponderate, the former taking numerically the lead. The ordinary Brown takes a softened tint in Gentlebrown, and is elsewhere seen as Wildbrown; and plain or positive Black takes the comparative of Blacker, as White does that of Whiter, and superlative of Whitest the latter also the comparisons of Lilly- white and Snowhite. Of other colours surnaming men are Crimson, Scarlet, Red and Reddish, Pink, Maroon, Roan, Buff, Grey, Bay, Blond, Dun, Tawny, Sable. Not long ago the reverends Black Gray and Green were assistant tyers of a wedding-knot. It is not to be wondered at that Music should have had charms for Name-seekers ; so we find them deno- minated as Harmony and Melody, as Anthem, Chant, Fuge, Hymn, Carroll, Ballad, Ode, Glee; as Tune, Air, Treble, Alt, Bass, Flat, and Sharp ; they are known also as Organ and Swell, Harp, Lute, Cornet, Horn, Bugkhorn, Fife, Fiddle, Flageolett, Drum, Tabor, Tamborine, Timbrell, Whistle, Pipe, Bell; likewise as 48 ON SURNAMES Singer, Chanter, Bettringer, Drummer, Fifer, Fiddler, Harper, Hornblower, Bugkr, Piper, Whistler. The sphere of LETTERS has lent its contribution to our Namebooks in Muse and Muses, Author, Linguist, Poet, Bard, and in many other forms. If a student in name-lore were curious to compare animated Books with their titles, he may (in streets and squares, courts, terraces, and lanes all duly noted,) read-up Annals short and simple, prosy or pretentious; Novels light and heavy ; Storys dull and merry ; Plays grave and gay ; Farces which if not of enduring interest were on their first appearance screamers; Hymns ancient, middle-aged, and modern ; Odes multiform if not all muse-inspired ; regular and irregular Lines and Stray- lines; all-the-year-round Carols; Ballads, Couplets and Triplets, Dialogues, Parrodis, and Bonnemots ; Riddles, Cons, and Guesses; Hints, Tropes, Skits, Taunts, Gibes, and Trash. If the student's life be literary and his loaf dependent on his labor, he may find himself in sad and sympathetic unison with Rackwitz and Pensick. Might he not feel within the realm of Allegory in companionship with Christian, Pilgrim, Faithful, Standfast, Gofirst, Righton, Onslow, Hold- back, Newbegin, Onwin, Newbirth, Klingheart, and Evilthrift? He may learn morality from Sinnol, Lynot, IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 49 Lovegod, Hopeingod,* Dogood, Dowell, Livewett,Godsatt ; but his researches being still among humankind he must needs foregather with Spots, Blots, Specks, Stains, and Blunders. He may gather varied experiences from Memorys and Hopes, great Fears and Little/ears, bad and good Wishes and Gladwishes, sorrowing and smiling Griefs, and tearful as well as Thankful f Joys. The WEAPONS and TERMS used in WARFARE have proved a little armoury of surnames : man has laid hold of Shield and Buckler as well for designation as for defence, and " these names derived from War are generally speaking among the most ancient." J Ancient though they be in the phraseology of war, and, as they stand arrayed on the printed page, reminders of semi- barbaric ages to which society in this day would for the most part shudder to return, we do not find that modern Civilisation aided as it has been by an active and world-embracing Christianity has made weapons for man's mutilation of man to be regarded as repulsive relics of the past, nor is there any present sign that the sword is being fashioned, or is likely to be fashioned, into the pruning-hook. Indeed, to the mind that would desire to see in the refining and beautifying * Primitive form of present Hopgood. In ancient French, Esperandieu. t A Thankful Joy is not unknown in Hampshire. J Ferguson. 50 ON SURNAMES developments of Art and Science only that over which it may exult, it comes with the gloom of an eclipse to witness the never-ceasing elaboration of engines devised for human destruction, and the study never more keenly pursued than now in Christian states of how to pour "the death-bolts deadliest the thick files among."* Thus, when these pages were first written it had recently been said of English scientific achievements, that " among the remarkable events of 1871 will be recorded the production of the biggest gun"f and the launching of the most destructive war-vessel then contrived, with a sad appropriateness named the Devastation. But a later creation, the Inflexibk, has been pronounced upon authority to be still more de- structive " the most perfectly-designed ship afloat impenetrable by any existing gun, but capable of sending the Devastation to the bottom."^: In the com- pany of surnames pertaining to Warfare are Battle, Greatlattk, War, Redwar, Warriors, Rank and File, Warmen, Horsemen, Bowmen, Bannermen, Spearmen, Gunners, Conquerors, and Champions; with Scuffle, Slaughter, Carnage, Gashes, Scars, Gore, Blood, and " Never did nations learn war in the time of war as they are doing now in a time of peace," said the venerable Dr. Keith, in his day. t Of 35 tons, or in total measurement a'700-pounder. The Times. J Debate in House of Commons upon the Inflexible, Max. 15, 1878. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 51 Conquest; Cannon, Carbines, Muskets, Guns, Pistols, Sows, Arrows, Darts, Spears, Lances, Swords, Daggers, Dirks, Rapiers, Poignards, and Goads; Powder and Shot, Ball, Cartridge, Bolt, Shell, and Bullet ; Pennants, Banners, Standards, and Flags; with Sieges, Attacks, Frags, Tourneys ; Drawbridges, Dangerfields^ and Truces ; the slaughterous vocabulary not closing even at the name of Victory. The catalogue of surnames adopted from CHRISTIAN NAMES and Names not Christian is well-nigh exhaus- tive, and we may only introduce here a few of the odd-looking items which it contains in their abbre- viated and supplemented forms. Bill, Billy; Bobb,* Bobby; Ben, Bennie; Charley; Dick, Dickie; Jack, and such other variations of John, as Brownjohn, Prettyjohn t Properjohn, Goodjohn, Youngjohn, and Littlfjohn; Joe, Jose; Nick; Ted, Teddy; Tim, Toby; Tom, Tommy; Sam; Fulljames,Dulhumphry,and. Trim- nell, form quaint appellatives ; so, as applied to men, do Betty ;\ Doll, Dolly; Judy; Moll, Molly; Madge, The name of Robert rose rapidly in public favour after its in- troduction by the Normans, and as a root -stock it has now more than fifty different branches in England. t Of Betty, Moll, Pegg, Sail, and sundry other names, in coarse parlance applied to some of the softer sex, Mr. Ferguson observes, " I suppose them not to be women's names at all, but ancient men's names." 52 ON SURNAMES l, Nelly; Pegg, Peggy; Poll, Polly; Sail, Sally; Sue, Suse; Tabb. So do Betkin y Bobkin, Peterkin, Tomkin. Of names far-fetched and foreign-looking, when borne by English men and women, are Jove, Mars, Phoenix, Bacchus, Pallas, Pan, Achilles, Ajax, Hector, Venus, Psyche, Daphne, Amazon; Virgo, Aries; Mahomed, Brammah; Anakin, Pharaoh, Potiphar, Pilate, Iscariot, Beelzebub; Ccesar,* Nero. Man's need of a designation dates from Adam, among whose endowments was the divinely-inspired one of name-giving.f Apart from primitive names of pro- phetic significancy we may note the series founded on those which are known as Christian or Baptismal, and are formed by the addition of the sign of the genitive, as John's, William's, Richard's, Robert's, Peter's, &c. Beared on the same foundation are those * " Tempora mutantur." Thus The Thunderer from its birth- column proclaims at break of day, " The wife of Julius Casar of a Son," in the very capital of Britain. There are invaders and invaders: in this instance an aide-de-camp of Major Graham, not en militaire but as civil registrar, takes calm official note of the event, and male and female Britons not " whispering with white lips" in dread of coming danger with merry voices meet to greet the welcome little stranger. f One of our first father's English descendants was known as Adam that God made, and another, Adam of the Holiet. (Note* and Queries, Aug. 1875.) IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 53 .which took the convenient affix of " son" for a dis- tinction, and appear as Adamson, Abrahamson, Aaronson, Hoseason, Isaacson, Jameson, Johnson, Sa- muelson, Richardson, Robertson, Williamson, in their unshorn proportions ; and others in abbreviated forms, as Anson, Nanson, Megson, Pegson, Matson, Magson, Nelson, Benson, Kitson, Jackson, Dickson, Samson, Tomson, Bilkon, Willson. So are there Paterson, Dadson, Widdowson, Brotherson. Of like construction are those which are allied to vocations, as Smithson, Shepherdson, Parsonson, Yeomanson; and others which indicate qualities or character, as Goodson, -Grimson, Oladson, Graveson, Dulson, Merrison, Hotson, Dryson, Rawson, Crewdson, Clackson, Burlison, Bolderson, Chit- son, Shrimpson. Others are seen in the imperative form, as Upson, Fleeson, Grieveson, Armson, Hitson, Hearson; some are linked to localities, as Scotlandson, Townson, Gutterson; others to seasons, as Summerson, Winter son, Mattinson; while a considerable residuum, of names of this termination are sons of such con- founding aspects that the most astute philologists have renounced the pursuit of their pedigree in despair, as baffled children give up a hopeless puzzle. Certain surnames which have been chosen from or represent NOUNS implying NUMBER and QUANTITY have an odd look when seen with eyes cleared of the 54 ON SURNAMES film of Custom. In this company are Gang, Hoste, Crew, Herd, Race, Person, People, Gentry, Laity, Kindred, Tribe, Clan, .Brotherhood and Household, with Kingdom, Powers, and Nations : also Nil, Unitt, Cypher ; Single, Double, Pair, Twin ; Few and Few- few, Many, Manifold, Every; One, Six, Nine. Ten, Twelve, Eighteen, Forty, Sixty, Cent, Million ; Much, More, Littlemore, Muchmore, Most, and Enough. The term Enough was once used as the baptismal name of a child, at the dictation of a parent who would seem to have had babes at his desire, or perhaps beyond it, and evidently signifying his sense of having at length his quiver full of them. Worse pleasantries have invited smiles than one associated with the name of More: " The happiness of Mr. and Mrs. More is great; it will be greater when they have a little More." NATIONS and PEOPLES have their representatives among us under the surnames of Foreigner, Arabian, Bavarian, Cossack, Dane, Flambard, Fleming, German, Goth, Greek, Hessian, Hollander, Jew, Lollard, Moor, Malay, Norman, Pythian, Pole, Roman, Hhinelander, JRuss, Saxon, Switzer, Thane, Tartar, Turk; also in native Britton, Englander, Scott, Scotchman, Irishman, Welchman; and in adjectival form, as English, Irish, Cornish, Dutch, French, Welch. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 55 The names which represent him in action may suf- fice to prove that "man in his time plays many parts." Upon these names, which take the form of PARTICIPLES, learned authorities have much to say that is instruc- tive; much also that, by etymological rule, would be destructive of the fellowship in which they are brought together here. Classified however as we find them, men are seen in namebooks as Breathing, Living, and Loving, with all such passages in the latter experience as Girling, Billing, Bussing, Brooking, Panting, Burn- ing, Flaming, Winning, Yielding, Nestling, Bowering ; again as Larking, Laming, Killing ; Staring, Pulling, Pushing, Pinching, Howling, Crying, Scolding, Scoffing, Swearing, Browing; as Blessing and Banning; as Dressing, Dining, Feasting, Filling, Toping, Swilling, Spillinfj; as Daring and Fearing; Getting, Saving, Holding, Owing, Keeping; Bidding, Dealing, Selling ; Waiting, Rising, Going, Stopping, Standing, Tipping, Leaning, Bending; Walking, Strati ling, Sprawling, Wadling; as Turning and Tumbling; Batting, Bowling, Fielding ; Bookholding, Reading, Sketching, Painting, Fiddling; Spelling and Telling, Chatting and Laughing: in the more industrial occupations of Farming, Har- rowing, Weeding, Shearing, Milling, Baking, Making, Puckering, Moulding, Welding, Tinning, Patching, Twining, Weaving, Spinning, and also in the very ancient act of Warring. 56 ON SURNAMES The PARTICIPLE supplies a Name in its Past as well as in its Present form, and may be coupled in Bending and Bent; Finding, Found; Getting, Got; Hearing, Heard; Making, Made; Riding, Rode; Spelling, Spelt; Swearing, Sworn ; Trusting, Trusted; Wearing, Worn. Such other members of this family as are found in Namebooks take their place upon a future page. A little group of names compounded of VERB and ADVERB, and having their termination in " well," may have afforded a clue in some cases to the peculiarities or properties of their original owners. Of such are Fretwell, Cantwell, Chatwell, Hindcrwell, Callwell, Love well, Buswell, Pkadwell, Comcell, PrcssweU, Dun- well, Hopewell, Livewell, Meanwell, Tradewell, Friswell, Trimwell, Cardwell, Bakewell, Searchwett, Sitwell, Standwell, Waitwell, Treadicell, Motherwell, Hatchwell, Say well, Markiccll.Boxwcll, Warm well, Wearwell: and others. The name of Maydwcll might be taken to denote personal grace, like that of Handsomebody. But referring to names of this class an ancient writer* has propounded, that " sundry, comming to possesse places which were neere unto wcllcs of especial note, became after them so to be called : as Staniwell, of his * Veretegan (1634): quoted in an erudite and statistical article on Surnames, in Corn/till Magazine, April 1868. IN TAMELY GKOTTPINGS. 57 dwelling at a well so named for the stoniness thereof, and Moswett of a well^where much mosse did grow." In Directories, which at first-sight look so sterile, perhaps the last " effect " we might expect to find in them would be the emotional: can these wieldy, dreary tomes, so severely practical, contain a single ingredient akin to what is called sensational? And yet, in culling their contents we alight on a mass of Surnames formed ofYerbs in the IMPERATIVE, some of which coupled with their Christian adjunct may remind us of dramatic attitudes and the language of romance. See how these seemingly-sedate Directories may confuse if not perturb a sensitive fancy by such conflicting appeals and commands as Kiss* Melinda ! Dare, Emanuel ! Sear, Ann! Go,gay, Samuel! Obey, Richard! Ponder, Mary! Hence, Jonas! Vowe, Arabella ! Forget, Charles ! Wait, Catherine ! Swear, Tobias ! Speak, Priscilla ! Hug y John ! In columns which are chiefly studied for commercial and therefore for the very soberest of edification, how bewil- * Philologists consider Jciss to have had its origin in Old High German gis, by high authorities taken to be the same as ffistal, a hostage. The meaning of the ancient German gistal and of English kiss approximate in this that a kiss is often a pledge. From the nic-nameof Sotchfciss-wQ may jump to the conclusion (itmaybeapre- poaterous one) that the pledge had at sometime been clumsily given. 58 ON SURNAMES dering is advice given in this fashion : Clack ! Chat ! Silence f Speakman f Chatman ! Mumm ! Chataway ! Mutter! Stutter! Screech! Bawle ! Forward ! Back- ward! Jump ! Downward, Sinkwell, Float f Upwards, Soar ! Inwards, Gaze ! Standfast ! Stickman ! Walk ! WaMate! Budge! Waddle! Wander! Dally! Gad! Stop ! Tarry ! Stretch ! Gape ! Gotobed ! Rest ! Rest- all! Whish! Hush! Sleep! There are Hue and Cry and Outcry : may not these outcries following serve at the discovery of an elopement in a distracted house- hold: Wake!* Waken! Rouse! Upjohn! Rushotit ! Haste, Goodjohn ! Off! Help! Goe! Start! Startup! Speed! Shout! Rushforth ! Ride! Trotman! Poston! Gallop! Prance ! Spuraway ! Allaway ! Allpass ! Rescue ! Stopher! While Fyef Blush! Pray! Crye! Grieve! Sitgrave! look like sequent admonitions to the runaway, supposing the damsel to have been captured and seated on the stool of repentance. Then at times INTERROGATIVES cross the eye with sharp irregular flashings like the firing of skirmishers at another kind of review. Of these are How ? How- man? When? Where? Whence? Whither? Wilt? * Among ancient churchyard wit, which disported with dead men's names and delighted in epigram and antithesis, we find the following " Here sleeps Mr. Wake" IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 59 Durst? Hast? Why? Wyman? WTiybom?* and these are interspersed with EJACULATIONS, which strike us with effects pathetic and the contrary : as Heavens, Elizabeth! Jimenez, Jane! Heigho ! Alas, Icome, Igo, Farewell! Godso, Nay I Teaman, Tea. Fudge ! Tutt ! Goodby ! By -by ! Bosh ! while certain hybrids, of a half-native, half-foreign complexion, cast a curious light on the columns in which they stand : of such are Greatrex, Rexworthy, Beausire, Beauman, Bonson, Bonfellow, Morshead, Luxmore, Rainbeaux : while still more curious-looking is the little tribe of surnames made up of antagonistic compounds to wit, such English names as Haidman, Fairfoul, and Goodban, and the French name, now naturalised, of Malbon. In this class Todleben, a name in which death and life are joined, is an item of special interest, although foreign to our English category. * The heroine of a story sometime ago reported in the news- papers is nearly-enough associated with the name of Whyborn to be mentioned here. The lady who, from a public platform, had been energetically insisting upon Woman's rights, demanded sharply " Why was I born ?" Nobody presuming on so sudden a summons to attempt a solution of that debateable query, the orator again challenged her audience with " Why was Jborn P" whereupon a boor, who must have been conning the problem as though it were a riddle, exclaimed, " I gives it up!" But a veritable Mrs. Whyborn died at Hastings on the 17th of February 1875, at the age of 100 years and 5 months; and for her a raison d'etre was thus assigned by Punch : " Why bora 1 Why clearly proof to THOMS to give That one old dame could just a hundred live." 60 ON SURNAMES It may be said of these Name-Registers that, if they at first sight appear like dismal lumber-stores, by patient plodding among them they get rather to resemble old curiosity-shops, and the searcher after certain classes of cognomens finds unexpected material for joinery- work as he proceeds. See for instance how the various actors and appendages pertaining to Religious Ceremonies and to Law Procedure may be summoned from these depths and shaped into pro- grammes of remarkable unity and completeness. Take first in order a supposed religious ceremonial as for full Cathedral or ordinary Service, with Communion. We have Divine and Worship : for this we find a place in Temple, Tabernacle, Sanctuary, Church, College, and Chapett; as functionaries, a Pope, Cardinal, Bishop,* Dean, Archdeacon, Canon, Fellow, Priest, Deacon, Clerk, Reader, Singer, Verger, Sell- ringer ; with the vestments of Role, Lawn, Gown, Surplice, Hood, Cape, and Bibb; as formularies, a Service, Paternoster, Aves, Creed, Collect, Lessons, Chant, Hymn, Qospell, Anthem, and Sermon ; a Bless- ing and Amen: for communion, an Altar, Chalice, Patten, Bread, Wafer, and Wine : as auxiliaries, an * The grade of Archbishop is an exception, and is missing in the catalogue of Surnames. As if to nil the gap occasioned by this absence, the arch father of a baby "boj-JBuhop had his infant chris- tened in the name of Arch. IN FAMILY GHOHPING8. 61 Organ and Player, a Bellows and the indispensable Blower. Out of these stores also the arrangements for legal proceedings, even to the law's extremest penalty, may in such case be so made and provided, and set forth in such order, that a criminal might be arraigned, acquitted or convicted, and conducted even to his execution. Thus they supply Circuit, Sessions, Leete, Court, Bench, Summons, Motion, Suit, Cause, Cryme, Quest ; the offence may be capital as in Murther, Killing, or Slaughter, or secondary as in Felony, Rape, Swindell, Cutting, Beating, Sacking, or Laming ; or it may take the form of Gambling or of Larking; the offenders may be an Outlaw,* Bravo, Swindler, Prig, Poacher, Scamp or Hake ; the functionaries, a Judge, Jury, Usher, Cryer, Summoner, Swearer and Sworn, Counsel (who may be surnamed PleadweU), Officer, and Police. As the case proceeds we are met with Code, Clause, Rule, Record, Maxim, Instance, Flaws, Argu- ment, Cavel, Carp, Question, Quibble, and occasionally with Barquarrel : as consequences, Maze, Muddett, Doubt, and it may be, Quash. We may halt at * Outlaw is among sundry names which have no correspondency between their ancient and modern significations; these, withPara- mour, Harlot, JIussey, Bravo, Scamp, and some others having originally been " names of great respectability." Ferguson. 62 ON SURNAMES Traverse, or go on to Law * and Justice : if Justice smile, then follow Pardon, Liberty, and Freedom ; if she frown, then Sentance, followed by Bondage, Durance, Fetters, Gyves, Stocks, a Constable, Gailor, Watchman, and Ward; and if the crime be capital, then a Sheriff, Priest, Scaffold, Rope, Gallows,^ and Ketch are forthcoming. Among sundry other law- terms which furnish names are Charters, Will, Bond, Surety, Deed, Lease, Licence, Fairtitle, Sale, Fines, Tribute, Charge, Heriot, Forfeit, Levy, Loan, and the unescapable Fee. In every other daily use save in that of its Nomen- clature the words of a language are exact descriptives of what they are intended to describe ; but as men are in each generation changing, designations which were no doubt appropriate when first applied may now entirely mis-name their present inheritors. In the ordinary use * Law in a compound form is seen with several com- plexions there is Whitelaw, Greenlaw, Erownlaw, Blacklaw ; likewise Softlaw : we meet also with Shillinglaw, which, for a luxury like law, looks at first sight like temptingly-cheap law. But the shilling which was first compounded with Law was, when coined, worth more than the twelvepence of these days it might have been an ancient equivalent of the modern six-and-eightpence. f Names often meet in partnership or in establishments in droll combinations. Lately, in Hampshire, persons of the name of Gal- &>t, Hemp, and Stretch, were members of one small household, of which the head was Gallows. IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 63 of language no one would call that black which is white or that big which is little ; but when we nowadays address our fellow-men we often use misnomers quite as inconsistent, which Custom has caused to flow unnoticed from our tongues and fall unheeded on our ears. Among such names speculation may take harmless exercise. Who knows whethe^ the living responder to the name of Graft may not be the genuine impersonation of honesty, and Morecraft of still sur- passing sincerity, and Guile of charming simplicity, and Cant of stern truthfulness, and Fibbs and Lies and Purelies be men of unquestioned veracity, and Verity be given to fibbing ? May not Mummery be a scorner of shams, and Maskery disdain two faces ? How often have Cowards proved courageous, and Trumps weak-handed and faint-hearted, and Rakes models of regularity, and Wildbores welcome guests ? Dandeys are seen no dressier and Dupes no easier deceived than other men. Bulleys have been known as mild as if nurtured up to manhood upon milk, and Bravos bashful and retiring. May not the existing Exactly be unprecise, and Caprice of an inflexible will, and Zigzag unswerving alike in gait and character? Who shall aver that Fury, Beldam,* and Hag may * According to another authority (Kennett, quoted by Dr. Charnock,) Beldam, not commonly esteemed, becomes venerable, as " a woman who has seen six generations descended from her." 64 ON SUBNAMES not be severally found in amiable guise ; and Lowthing be looked up to; and Hussey, whom no man would wed as hussey, be the true housewife which in one sense her name denotes the embodiment of virtue and thrift who might captivate even a Ccelebs ? There have been and may still be pretty Ugleys* and fascinating Frights; Wizards whose wizardry was in their winsomeness; and Witches who have brought strong men to weakness, and that oftenest in their "defiant morn of youth," by the witchery of a soft blue eye. Who knows that the present Gallantry and Flattery, and Friendship and Love, are by such names labelled faithfully, or whether these titles represent their contraries? Vice, in a midland town, is the friendly vis-a-vis of Virtue ; is not " a monster of such hideous mien" as to be hated, but a citizen of average comeliness who to be admired needs but to be known. Nay, who shall say that a social soiree of those who answer to the names of Meddle, Peddle, Moan, Fuss, Fussey, Fretwell, Bore, Fidgett, Bogy, Dunn, Pester, Pucker, Puckle, Quirk, Bother, Croak, Ghrowle, Worry, and Wherrit, would not now prove even an hilarious reunion, find them all of the clan if * The surname Ugley is derived from a locality in Ease* to which this distich clings : " Ugley Church, Ugley Steeple, Ugley Parson, Ugley People." IN FAMILY GROTJPINQS. 65 not all tuneful sons of Harmony, well met, and loth to separate till daylight should appear ? So in this age of freethought may we not, without presumptuous freethinking, question how many Angels in the most angelic of earthly forms are quite angelical, how many Saints unspotted, how many Martyrs * in the roll-call of the noble army? How is it now faring with Faith, and Hope, and Charity, and are the bearers * The fires of modern martyrdom were fondly thought to have been clean put out with Church-Kates, who then could have looked to see them re-lit in the process of National Education? Tet how appositely was that poor widow surnamed Martyr, who, being the miserable mother of unmanageable weans, was hailed before the judgment-seat at the instance of an "imprisoning Board,"t and threatened with penalties in her own person because her rebel runagates would continue in scarceness on the board-school register. The functions of the School Board, as they are brought to bear upon wastrels, are aptly described by the names of Gatchem and Teachem : whether the practice suggested by that other name of Whackum is also brought to bear upon the otherwise incorrigible, would perhaps depend upon the softness or hardness of a board. f like an antique painting, the effect of which Time has only enriched, is the picture of Shenstone's Village Schoolmistress, in contrast with the glare of modern board-schools. Here is the ancient Academy, here are the Academicians, here the presiding Minerva: " Near to this dome is found a patch of green. On which the tribe their gambols do display ; And at the door " imprisoning board" is seen Lest weakly wights of smaller size should stray, Eager, perdie ! to bask in sunny ray. The noises intermixed which thence resound Do Learning's little tenement betray ; Where sits the Dame disguised in look profound, And eyes her fairy throng, and turns her wheel around." STTRNAME9 of those exalted names lively illustrators of the car- dinal virtues? So also with Duty, Honour, Trust, Troth, Truth? " It is a joy to think the best "We may of humankind," therefore of the progeny of Makepeace let us hope it may be said, " Blessed are the peacemakers "of the Peaceables may the earth be peopled : so too may the nobler properties of Power and Pride and Pluck be always in process of development by those so designated the baser qualities of Hatred, Anger, Rancour, never, by the men thus known. Surely there is something in a name like the recommendation of a comely countenance, for are we not predisposed to shake hands with Cheery, Welcome, and Goodwill, to greet well Weal and Welfare, and rejoice with Glee, Merryment, Jest, Joy, and Heartfree ? If there be still among us bonny maidens of that winning name of Heartfree who (under certain conditions not hard to be conceived,) might e'en prefer Fetters to heart-freedom be willing, with the offering of a free heart, to brighten the house of Bondage who would not say of either consummation, " So mote it be!" Still, prepossession for the owner of a pleasing name must not prejudice the less-favoured, or what sore wrong may be inflicted upon Heartless Ellen, Scoffing Ann, Sulkie Rachel, Loud Mary, Sullen Lucy, Greedy IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 67 Hannah? Ancient saws beyond number and modern instances without end confirm assurance, that " outward shows are often least themselves," and that " things are not what they seem," as it affects this argument, that Name and Nature are often the reverse of corre- spondent : so that Freezer Emma may be found more passionful than Ardent Caroline; Damp Fanny and Dull Hester more spirituelle than Dry Lydia or Droll Elizabeth. " For simple -wiles, Praise, blame, love, kisses, tears, and smiles," Churley Martha may bear the palm from Fairy Alice, and " for human nature's daily food" Tough Rebecca prove tenderer than Tender Mary Ann. In the observance of Nature we may read sermons in stones ; in that of life we may see true love in Ivory and Alabaster, soft sympathy in Flint and Steel; and Fantoms, Ekes, Fairy s, Syrens, Idols, Images, Emblems, Types, and Mummys in solidest flesh and blood. We may come into social relationship with a Heritage, Fortune, Dower, Gift, Boon, Bounty, Bonus, Booty and Goodluck, but without enrichment; with Risk and Hazard without loss; and be mixed up with Wagers ever so heavy and Chances ever so small without either mental emotion or pecuniary concern. There may indeed be sceptics as to the interest which 68 ON SURNAMES lies dormant in Directories apart from their service as finger-posts pointing to every man's whereabouts ; but in bringing together Names whose visible features bespeak a fellowship there is a pleasure only less than that of re-assembling kinsfolk who have long been sundered in the ranks of life. Hunger and Thirst, and Dearth and Drought, as names are widely distant, while as actual conditions of existence they are all but inse- parable. Dilty divorced from Dally conveys but an imperfect idsa ; Surly when seen alone is unimpressive unite it to Burley and the two create an animated scene, with a vision of the witches in Macbeth and accompaniments of Thunder, Lightning, and Rain. One sees Hurry here, and Skurry there, and Flurry else- where ; let us introduce to them Leasure as a welcome stranger. Draicwater standing lonely is of little regard ; bring him into close contact with Doubt/ire and he may be the observed of interested observers. In the simple combination of Must, Shatt, Will, Balk will, Wouldhave, Cant, and Cannot, are compressed as in a nutshell and may be read as in a primer the rise and fall, the swelling and the subsidence of many an arrogant pretension, and the summary of bulky blue- books couched in the long-drawn logic of international diplomacy. Waste, Need, and Want, a close con- federacy as states of being, are leagues asunder in the scroll of names; so too are the fraternities of Tittle, IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 69 Tattle, Twaddell, Clack, Gossip* Gabb, and Grumble; Swear, Quarrell, Huff, Tiff, and Tantrum. Long columns of small print and many miles of land- measure divide Caste and Creed, and Eat and Cram, and Chew and Cudd; likewise Ask, Borrow, Begg, and Cadge; and Alms and Aid; and it is from many sources that we collate a Book, Page, Sentence, Line, Leaf, and Margin; Gospell and Proverbs; Grammer, Syntax, Rule, Tense, Vowel, Word; Schools, Lesson, Learning, Studdy, Scholar, Truant, Dullard, Dunce, Dolt, Gaby, Luby, and Lumpkin. Industry has children everywhere, and we may wonder if the family of Allwork are dull boys, and how such names befit their present wearers as Labour, Worke, Drudge, Sweat, and Fagg; or these others, Golighily, Doolittle, Worknot, Laggon, Rust, and Ruston; may marvel whether, " in the process of the suns," they now be merry men who aforetime were known as Cry, Grieve, Greet, Howl, Moan, Whimper, Whinney, Tears; and they of a sad visage who were at first * The term Gossip, as explained by Archbishop Trench (in " Eng- lish Past and Present "), had its origin in a middle-age belief that baptismal sponsors " contracted spiritual affinity one with another, and became sib or akin in God." What a rescue of the name from the rank of demerit to that of highest honour ! The -word " sib," in the sense of relationship, comes down to us in the Scotch proyerb, " A' Stuarts are no sib to the king;" and again in this other, per- haps more characteristically Scotch, " Its gude to be sib to siller.'' 70 ON SURNAMES. surnamed as Simper, Smirke, Winks, Wiles, Smiles, Leers and Cheers. To link together (as at this time we have much need sociably to do,) Might and Mercy; Rich and Poor; Bottom, Middle, and Top; to associate Lingo and Lore, Witt and Wisdom; to couple Gender and Sex, and after them Births and Born; to reconcile Play/air and Telfair to the company of Trickey, Shuffell, Swindell, Bilke, Dodge, and Cheater (now it may be all honorable men) ; and in these distracted days of capital-and-labour disputation to bring Fair- play, Fairmanners, and Fairservice into union with Master, Masterman, Foreman, Workman, Hiredman t Prentice and Servant; these are of the fanciful lights which lure on and beguile the brooder over lumbering and dry Directories. SURNAMES IN FAMILY GROUPINGS. 73 COMPOUNDS OF "MAN." Ackerman Barman Boatman Acreman Batman Bodman Addyman Bateman Bogman Aikman Battennan Boorman A ill n an Beachman Boothman Aleman Beadman Bootyman Allman Bearman Bonnyman Allmen Beatman Borrowman Ambleman Beauman Bowennan Ampleman Beautyman Bowman Angleman Bedman Boyman Appleman Beeman Brakeman Ashman Bellman Brayman Assman Berryman Brickman Axman Bigman Bridgeman Billman Brigman Badman Blackman Brightman Backman Blueman Brinkman Backerman 13 lank man Brockman Bandman Bleakman Brookman Bannerman Blythman Buckman Barleyman Boardman Bullman 74 COMPOUNDS OF " MAN." Butiman Coalman Dunman Burnman Coltman Bussman Cookman Earsman Butterman Corkman Eastman Cadman Cornman Cotman Edgeman Ellman Callman Couchman Carman Conrtman Fairman Cartman Casliman Cowman Creelman (Fairmayden) Farman Castleman Grossman Fatman Chapman Charman Cufman Ferryman Fettennan Chartman Darkman Fileman Chatman Cheeseman Dayman Deadman Firman Fitman Chenyman Chessman Dearman Dcnman Flashman Flatman Chesterman Dick man Flaxman Chillman Dietman Fleeman Chipman Churchman Digman Dishman Fleshman Footman (Chillmaid) Cloudman Ditchman Doleman Foreman Freedman Cloutman Coachman Dollman Doman Fortyman Freeman Coldman Dowman Frostman Coalman Coleman Downman Duckman Fryman Fullman COMPOUNDS OF "MAN. 75 Gadman Gasman Gatesman Gentleman Gettman Harryman Hatchman Hayman Hazeman Headman Holeman Holeyman Hollowman Hollyman Holtman Gillman Heaseman Homan Ginman Gladman Heathman Heaverman Honeyman Hoofman Goman Goatman Godliman Hedgeman Helpman Hellman Hopman Horniman Horseman Godman Heman Houseman Goldman Henman Howman Gooseman Goodman Henceman Henchman Hugman Huttman Greenman Herdsman Huntsman Greyman Grossman Hereman Hickman Illman Grumman Gntman Highman Hillman Ingman Inman Gutterman Hindman Irishman Hinxman Ironman Hackman Hiredman Halman Hitchman Jackaman Hardyman Hardman Hobman Hockman Jarman Jenman Hammerman Hartman Harman Hodgman Hodsman Holdman Jellyman Jollyman 76 COMPOU>T)S OF " MAN." Kidman Lowman Netherman Killman Luckman Newman Kingsman Lulman Nodderman Kingman Luffinan Notman Kinsman Lyteman Norman Kirkman Nuttman Kitchenman Maidman Knapman Maltman Oakman Marman Oldman Lackman Mashman Oman Ladyman Maryman Orman Laffmon Masterman Osman Laidman Matthewman Otherman Landsman Mawman Overman Larkman Mayman Oxman Lawman Mearman Oysterman Layman Maetman Leadman Mcrriman Packman Lealman Merry man Padman Leechman Messman Pairman Lessman Millman Pakeman Lillyman Moolman Palfryman Lingcman Monkman Passman Lipman Moorman Pattman Loadman Moreman Paxman Lockman Morsman Pearlman Longman Mossman Penkevman (Longmaid) Muddeman Pennyman Loveman Penman COMPOUNDS OF " MAN." 77 Perryman Euncieman Smithyman Pettman Eyman Snailman Pieman Snowman Pierman Sackman Spackman Pillman Sageman Spademan Pitman Salaman Sparkman Ploughman Saleman Speakman Poleman Sandeman Spearman Poorman Sandman Spelman Portman Sayman Spikeman Postman Scotchman Spillman Potman Scuffman Springman Prettyman Seaman Stackman Priestman Seedsman Stagman Priseman Sellennan Stairman Proudman Selman Starkman Pullman Shareman Steedman Putman Shawman Stedman Shearman Steelman Quarman Shipman Stickman Quarterman Shortman Stileman Quillman. Sickman Stillmuu Silliman Stockman Eeadman Sleeman Stoneman Eedman Sleetman Strangeman Eeinman Slewmau (Strangewoman) Eichman Slowman Strangleman Eickman Slyman Strongman Euddiman Smallman Studman Rugruau Smitherman Stueman 78 COMPOUNDS OF "MAN." Swearman Tupman Westerman Sweatman Twentyman Westman Sweetman Twoman Wethennan Suckman Twyman Whatman Sugarman Tynman Whenman Sunman Whiskyman IJllman Whiteman Tackman Wickman Tadman Vesterman Wideman Tallman Vileman Widenman Tallermaa Wiggman Tasman Wadman Wildman Templeman Wageman Wileman Tenneman Wagman Willman Tiddeman Wainman Wineman Tidman "Waitman Wipperman Tidyman Wakeman Wiseman Tileman Waldman Wishman Tillman "Walkman Woodman Tiltman Wallman Woolman Tireman "Wantman Workman Todman Wardman Wyman Tolman "Warman Tongman Washman Tatman Totman Watchman Yeaman Trappman Waterman Yeatman Trotman Wayman Yeoman Trueman Weightman Yonngman Tubman Welchman Youngerman Tugman Wellman Youman 79 MAN'S CONDITIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS. Babe Baby Suckling "Wean Wakeling Child Children Twin Grandchild Littiechild Fairchild* Goodchild Lovechild Bastard Bratt Son Heir Youngson Godson Boy Littleboy Tallboy Trimboy Goodboys Lad Goodlad Stripling Daughters Maiden Fairmayden Damsell Girl Yirgin Yestal Leman Lass Goodlass Lassey Wench Spinster Bachelor Swain Lover Bride Bridegroom Mate Husband Younghusband Wife Spouse Parent Father Abba Pater Papa Mother Matron Widow * The Scottish Bairn, Fairbairn^ and Goodbairn, enjoy another relation in Bairnsfather. The English paternal name is sometimes seen as Dadd and Daddy. 80 MAN'S CONDITION'S AND RELATIONSHIPS. Brother Frater Fairbrother Syster Uncle Nephew Cousin Orphan Foundling Friend Guest Host Neighbour Stranger Quaintance Akin Fellow Goodfellow Bonfellow Senior Elder Younger Major Adult Minor Male Manship Brotherhood Manhood 81 TEE SOUL AND ITS ATTRIBUTES. Soul Spirit Conscience Reason Memory Will Fancy Witt TEE BODY AND ITS MEMBERS. IN FORMS SIMPLE AND COMPOUND. Body Bodily, Goodbody, Freebody, Truebody, Hansombody, Lightbody, Slybody Frame, Flesh, Limb Blood Youngblood, Trueblood, Wildblood, Bloodgood Bone, Collarbone, Kneebone Barebone, Allbones, Fairbone, Smallbone, Pettibone, Longbones, Honeybone, Kawbone, Crackbone Marrow, Skin, Sinew, Thews, Cartledge Head Baldhead, Barehead, Halfhead, Broadhead, Goodhead, Greathead, Littlehead, Morshead, Morehead, Addlehead, Woodhead, Leather- head, Hawkhead, Lambshead, Broomhead, Weatherhead, Fairhead, Whitehead, Red- head, Greenhead, Roughead, Overhead 82 THE BODY AND ITS MEMBEES. Scull, Brain, Pate, Noddle Forehead Spreadbrow, Blackbrow, Brokenbrow Hair Lockhair, Whitehair, Yalowhaire, Waterhair, Curl, Tress, Ringlet, Whitelock, Silverlock, Blacklock, Proudlock Face Bonniface, Bonnyface, Matterface Beard Blackboard, Fairbeard, Cutbeard, "Whisker Eye, Eyes Heavyeye, Cockeye Ears Goodear, "Whitear, Earheart, Earwhisper, Earwaker, Earwiger Nose, Cheek, Jowle Lipp, Mouth, Tongue, Gum Liptrot, Liptrapp, Merrymouth Voice, Yox, Voce Coolbreath Tooth, Teeth, Spittle Toothey, Toothaker Chin Allchin, Manchin, Baldchin Neck, Bosom, Bust, Nipple, Teat, Papps, Gullet, Chest, Belly Heart Heartfree, Goodheart, Stoniheart, Stoneheart, Klingheart Lung, Liver, Kidney, Bowell, Bladder, Gall, Gut, Maw, Caul, Craw, Paunch Back Smallback, Pinchback, Thornback, Starback, Sandback Spine, Kump, Hip Arms Armstrong, Strongitharm Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Pulse Hands, Manus, Palm "Whitehand, Goodhand, Shorthand, Havenhand, Handright Fingers Goldfinger, TJnderfinger Fists Thumbs, Knuckles THE BODY A.ND ITS MEMBERS. 83 Bibb Broadrib Middle, Loins, Groin Legg Whitelegg Knee Kneebone Calf Midcalf Sides Halfsides, Heayysides, Handysides, "Whiteside, Ironsides, Silversides, Greensides, Outterside, CatcMside, Sidebother, Sidebottom Shanks Shanky, Sheepshanks, Cruickshanks Shin Foot Whitefoot, Lightfoot, Kedfoot, Brownfoot, Fairfoot, Foulfoot, Barefoot, Broadfoot, Shatterfoot, Sinfoot, Proudfoot, Cornfoot, Cornyfoot Toe Steptoe, Sillitoe, Pricktoe, Prestoe Nail Heel 84 CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, $c. [Occupations which are official and confer titles, are separately classed under the head of " Dignities, Secular and Religious."] Agent Alefounder Aleman Banker Barber Bard Boatwright Bodger Bolter Brickman Bridger Brownsmith Ambler Angler Apothecary Archer Barker Barmaid Barman Bather Bonhote Bookbinder Boor Bore Bugler Builder Bussman Butcher Arkwright Armorer Arrowsmith Bawler Beannan Beater Booser Borer Borrower Butterman Buyer Artist Ashburner Beggar Beldam Boteler Bouncer Cad Callender Ashman Asker Bellh anger Bellman Boulter Bowler Caller Callman Author Augur A-gmnn Bellringer Bigot Billman Bowmaker Bowman Boxer Canter Carpenter Carrier Babler Blinker Blower Bragger Brander Casher Caterer Backer Boarder Brazier Carter Baker Balmer Boatman Boatswain Brewer Briber Cartwright Carver CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, &c. 85 Cavalier Cotter Dolt Fifer Chaffer Couchman Dowd Filcher Chandler Courtman Draper Finer Chaunter Courtier Dresser Fisher Chapman Courter Driller Fitter Challenger Counsell Drinker Flashman Charmer Cowherd Driver Fletcher Cheat Cowman Drover . Flirt Cheater Creeper Drudge Flyer Cheesewright Crimp Drummer jFluker Chum Croaker Dullard Fluter Churchman Crocker Dunce Fogey Citizen Crone Dun Footman Clasper Cropper Dunner Fop Cleaver Croucher Dyer Foreman Climber Grumpier Forcer Clinger Cryer Earwiger Forger Clothier Cupper Forker Coachman Cutler Facer Forrester Coalman Cutter Fagg Fowler Codger Fairy Freezer Collier Damper Falconer Fretter Comer Dancer Farmer Friend Conqueror Dauber Farrier Fudger Cook Digger Faster Fuller Cookman Disher Feaster Furbisher Cooper Ditchman Felon Coper Diver Ferryman Gaffer - Corker Doctor Fiddler Gainer CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, &c. Gambler Guard Hinderer Joyner Gamester (Freeguard) Hindman Jumper Gapper Guest Hoer Gardener Guide Holder Keeper Gasman Guider Hooker Killer Gatesman Gunner Hooper Knower Gawke Hopper Gent Hackblock Hornblower Lackey Gentleman Hackwood Hornman Landlord Gilder Hammerer Horseman Landsman Girdler Harper Hosier Lauder Glazier Harrower Hoste Laugher Glover Hatter Houseman Lawman Goatman Hawker Huffer Lawyer Goer Hayman Hunter Layman Goldbeater Hayward Huntress Leadbeater Goldseller Headman Huntsman Leader Goldsmith Heaver Hurler Leaper Goody Hedgeman Husher Learner Gouger Hedger Hustler Leech Graver Heir Leechman Grazier Helper Icemonger Lender Greenhorn Henchman Ironman Lessee Grigg Hemmer Ironmonger Linguest Grinder Henman Loader Gripper Hero Jabberer Looker Greensmith Herdsman Jagger Lover Groom Hewer Jester (Goodgroom) Hider Jobber Maker CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, &c. 87 Malster Mixer Oysterman Pickman Manclark Monger Pictor Marcher Moulder Pacer Pieman Marine Mounter Packer Pilgrim Mariner Mower Page Pilot Marker Mumbler (Smallpage) Piper Marksman (Littlepage Pitman Martyr Jailer Painter Planner Mason Nailor Palfremany Plater Master Needier Palmer Player (Newmaster) Nipper Paragon Pledger Matcher Napper* Partner Plimmer Medler Nodder* Passenger Ploughman Mercer Neighbour Patriot Ploughwright (Swiftmercer) Noodle Paviour Plumber Merchant Nurse Payer Plumer Messenger Nutter Pedlar Poacher Miller Pett Poett Milksop Officer Pelter Police Milliner Ogler Penman Porter Millman Ostler Pennymaker Poser Miner Owner Pester Postman Minion Oxman Petter Pothecary * Nodder, as an occupation, may stand on the authority of an ancient ballad which describes a whole household as " nid nid noddin'." In a return made for the census of '61, an old couple, who had been put into a house to take care of it, described their occu- pation as " Sits by the fire." In midwinter, and in such a nid or nest, no doubt these two would have been often both Nodders and Nappers the male a Nodderman. 88 CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, &c. Potter Rodman Shareman Smythyman Pottman Ryman Shearer (Shoesmith) Pounder Shepherd (Brownsmith) Pouter Sacker Shiner (Whitesmith) Prater Saddler Shipman (Wildsmith) Prentice Sailor Shipwright ("Wintersmith) Priestman Salter Shirk (Sixsmith) Prigg Sapper Shoecraft Smoker Printer Sawer Shoesmith Snapper Prizeman Sawyer Shooter Soaper Puncher Sayer Shopper Sorter Purser Scambler Shouter Spademan Scamp Shoveller Speller Quarrier Scholar Shover Spender Scorer Shuffler Spicer Raker Scratcher Singer Spikeman Ranger Scriviner Sinker Spiller Ratter Scullion Sizer Spinner Readier Seaman Sketcher Spotter Reader Sedger Skinner Spyer Reaper Seedsman Skipper Stackman Renter Seer Slater Stagman Rickman SeUer Sleeper Stainer Riddler Sellerman Slinger Staker Rider Sellman Slinker Stalker Rinder Serff Sloper Stamper Ringer Servante Smiler Steedman Roadknight Sexton Smith Steelman Roarer Shambler Smithringcr Steward CALLINGS, OCCUPATIONS, CHARACTERS, &c. 89 Stickler Tatler Trimmer Washman Stickman Taverner Tripper Watchman Stockman Teacher Trotter Waterer Stoker Teller Truant Waterguard Stonehewer Templar Trumper Waterman Stoneman Tenant Truster Weaver Stoner Thatcher Turner Webber Storer Threader Tyler Welder Stower Thresher Tyro Wellman Stranger Thrower Wheeler Strider Tier Usher Wheelwright Sucker Tileman Whistler Studman Tiller Yarlet Wickman Surety Tillman Vassal! Winder Swearer Tinker Villein Winker Swindler Tinkler Winner Sweeper Tipper "Wagg Wisher Swimmer Tippler "Wainman Witch Sworder Tireman "Wain wright Wizard Sugarman Tolman Waiter Witchcraft Toner Walker Woodman Tailor Tory Wapper Woodcraft Talker Tout Warden Workman Tanner Trader Warder Writer Tapper Trainer Waredraper Wright Tapster Traveller Warm an Tarryer Tricker Warrior Yeoman Tasker Trier Washer 90 PROPERTIES, QUALITIES, Sfc. [Names which, as adjectives, are identical with COLOURS and NUMBERS, are classed under those headings.] Adult Auld Ancient August Able Ardent Arch Airey Aspey Askew Awkward Apter Allbright Allgood Allshorn Allsin Bald Blear Bentlow Blind Brisk Bright Blithe Bonney Bland Blandy Bruff Bruffy Big Bigger Broad Bulky Bandy Boney Burley Bent Buttery Bitter Bleak Bare Booky Bookless Busy Brief Bad Badder Base Blackborn Bold Bolder Blank Blabey Brittle Brassey Boosy Buzzy Blooming Broady Bentall Canny Cantey Crawley Cunning Civil Comely Clement Courtley Crude Cute Churley Churlish Curius Clever Chattey Coy - Corkey Corkish Collorick Cross PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. 91 Clear Clean Curly Childish Choice Cheap Costlow Costly Cold Chilly Colder Crisp Cosey Cheery Charie Chafey Constant Costiff Close Closer Careful Careless Craven Crouchie Curdy Casky Craney Craggey Crimp Creasy Crumby Common Cubby Dear Dearborn Delicate Divine Dry Damp Droll Dowdy Doughty Daring Doubty Dumby Decent Debonnaire Douce Downy Dark Darker Dingey Dusky Dimply Dainty Dancy Dozy Daft Dafter Dull Dully Distant Downward Dimmer Double Duplex Early Eager Easy Even Exactly Evill Earthy Eld Fatherly Friendly Faithful Firm Flighty Flippant Florick Fulsom Faint Feary Funkey Fussey Fat Fatty Full Fuller Fresh Fresher Fast Fleet Fair (Littlefair) Fairer Fairest 92 PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. Fairborn Faultless Fairless Flory Fell Frank Frankish Franker Forward Froward Frisk ey Frail Fullborn Freeborn Free Freer Fine Finer Flat Flatter Fit Fitter Frisly Final Good Goodley Goodier Goodenough Goodborn Goodall (AUgood) Godly Glad Gladdish Gladder Grumm Gay Gayer (Main gay) (Springay) Gentle Gallant Grand Grandy Gatberal Greedy Grabby Grindall Gatherless Giddy Goosey Gory Ghostey Gaunt Grimm Grimmer Gibby Gibbery Golden Glassey Gross Grosser Guttery Gristy Gracy Guily Gazey Human Hastie Heady Hott Hollow Haggard Heartless Hopeless Holy Humble Happy Hearty Hale (Littlehale) Hoar Hard (Nothard) (Everhard) (Very hard) Hardy Harder Horny Hobley High Highish Haughty Heavy Handy Hunchy Heapy Horrid Idle Innocent Instant PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. 93 Just Juster Jealous Jolly Jagged Jesty Juicy Keen Kind Kinder Knightley Knubley Lovely Loving Loveless Lorn Loyal Leal Lawless Lax Lively Leaden Like Likely J-eggy Legless Lanky Lathy Large Little Littler Lumpy Long Longer (Howlong) Light Lightbound Limber Lythe Low Lowish Lower Lowly Loose Looser Last Latter Less Lesser Lusty Lean Lame Lear Luckey Loth Learned Legal Loud Lofty Lambey Lardy Late Later Local Landless Manley Manful Manny Mortal Motley Massey Meager Modern Merry Moderate Mellow Muzzy Meek Mean Milde Marley Moist Moister Musty Mangey Moody Mooney Maudlin Muter New Newborn Newbound Novell 94 PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. Neat Nice Noble Near Nunney Northy Odd Oddy Open Offey Old Older Olden Owley Oiley Passive Patient Pleasant Peaceable Prattley Pert Peart Poor Pale Paley Paler Pensick Precious Pius Perfect Peerless Plain Pretty Prim Primmer Proud (Littleproud) Pursey Purslow Prudent Proper Parshall Petty Portley Paddy (Padmore) Pentin Patent Prime Pitchey Quaint Quick Quillish Quear Queeny Rash Reckless Ravey Roarey Rich Richer Racy Rank Rough Rockey Raggy Ragleas Raw Ripe Riper Rotton Round Ruddy Rosier Rutty Regal Royal Right Real Strange Scarce Secret Soundy Sour Sullen Sulkie Stubborn PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. 95 Schoolbred Secular Saving Sober Sadd Sadder Sage Sager SiUy Simple Shallow Spooney Steady Sterling Stable Sanguine Scaley Scrubby Sharkey Shirkey Slack Sprack Spruce Spry Slim Slight Slender Spare Small Smaller Smalley Smallbehynd Square Short Shorter Stout Straight Squat Stunt Shankey Stubbey Stubley Stubber Sturdy Sly Still Subtle Supple Safe Snugg Slow Sawney Surgy Spitty Sneezy Snivelly Swift Sharp Speedy Sudden Sweet Stern Sterner Savage Smart Shapeley Showie Skipsey Shelvey Smoothy Spacy - Sidey Slick Stiff Strong Strongitharm Stoney Stonier Sandy Shelley Savory Staley Soddy Stewey Sore Stark Starkey Swiney Seaborn Seabright Seagood Super Speciall Same Sunken True Trusty Tender Tough Tall Tubby Thick Thin Tart Tarter Thankful Tattley Tidy Tight Trickey Trite 96 PROPERTIES AND QUALITIES. Trig Trigger Trim Trimmer Tame Trist Trister Tearey Tainty Thorney Twidley Tardy Tuely Tunny Tinney Twitty Toward Tawney ^giy Upright Upwards Unknown Vague Vast Valiant Vaine Vile Vulgar _. "Warm Withered Worn Weary Wealthy Winsom Wellborn Winterborn Wild Wildish Wilder Wanton Willing Winning Wily Wry Whiskered Woolley Woollen Weedy Wise (Notwise ) Witty Wroth Weake Weakley Wirey Windless Wagless Wrigley Wadley Wooden Young Younger Youngest Zealey 97 AS ADVERBS. Brightley Brownley Blackley Bleakley Bodily Broadley Badlie Baseley Cleverley Crossley Dully Darkely Eastley Exactly Fairly Freely Flatley Gailey Gravely Grimley Greenley Greatley Gravelly Lightly Loosely Meekly Meanley Only Purely Proudley Priestly Quickly Quarterly Rightly Eashly Boughley Eipley Sadlie Slowley Softly Smartley Smoothly Speechley Sharpley Shamely Shrigley Sorely Staley Spary Truly Wisely "Weakley "Wriggley Weekly Whiteley "Woolley Yearly 98 SPIRITUAL BEINGS. God Dieu Paternostei Godhead Christ Godson Godman Seaviour Messiah Justone Ghost Essence Angel Demon Devil SPIRITUAL SPHERES, RELIGIOUS STRUCTURES, *' Heaven Paradise Hell Sanctuary Shrine Temple Fane Abbey Minster Church College Chapel Tabernacle Kirk Altar Nave Chantrey Quire Steeple Spire Vane Tower Campanile Font Pix Pew Stall Crucifix Crux Rood Bishoprick Parsonage Vicararge Nunnery Manse Churchyard 99 FOOD AND NOURISHMENTS. Feast Food I. Pottage Porridge Fish Beefe Lamb Venson Pork Tripe Marrow Pudding Tart Mince Cream Curd Eice Honey Soup Hash Meats Mutton Lambshead Poultry Bacon* Hogsmouth Giblet Egg Paste (Coldtart) Sauce Milk Wey Jams Honeycomb Fare Peasoup Gravy (Hardmeat) (Cutmutton) Veal Game Swineshead Brawn Suet (Hardegg) Pye Dumplin Batter (Sourmilk) Custard Jelly Honeybun * Bacon appears in the varied forms of Gammon, Chine, and Ham; and Sam also as Coldham, Hotham, Burningham, Fatham, Oldham, Hardham, Badham, Bonham, &c. 100 FOOD AND NOURISHMENTS. Cake* Cracknell Busk Bun (Goodbun) Smallbun Sugar Candy Toffy Tiffin Cheese BoUs Bread* Butter (Sweetbutter) Crust Crumb Muffin II. (LIQUIDS.) Water (Allwater) (Freshwater) (Goldwater) Coffee Tea Ale (Goodale) (Oldale) Beer (Goodbeer) (Eggbeer) Wine (Portwine) (Sourwine) (Lightwine) (Brightwine) (Goodwine) Champagne Claret Madeira Sherry Hock Cape Negus Punch Toddy Purl Perry Ceider Porter Stout Brandy (Brandewyne) Gin Rum (Goodrum) Sack Mead Wort * Cake is seen in the varieties of Bredcake, Bridecake, Bathcake, Longcake ; and Bread in plain and fancy sorts, as Cakelread, Whitebread, Hallowbread, Hollowbread ; there are also Dough, Batch, Greatbatch, Cumberbatch, Morebread, Sopp, and Allsop. FOOD AND NOUKISHMENTS. 101 III. (CONDIMENTS.) Salt Pepper (Peppercorn) Mustard Vinegar Oill Pickles Caper Mace Cloves Spice Ginger Curry Soy Sallade IV. (SUPPLEMENTAL. ) Segar Pipes "Weed Shagg Returns Birdseye The following phrases apply to the cuisine : Roast Fry Bake Boil Simmer Stew Mash Garnish Savory Curdle Coddle Scorch Done Underdone Raw And these have some near or distant relationship to Feast: Rout Revell Freebout Wassail Meal Dinner Dine Lunch Mess Diet Cheer Joynt Morsel Cater Carve Eat Munch Eaton Allfree Gobble 102 FOOD AND NOURISHMENTS. Cram Welfill Stuffin Sipp Drink Drain Fill Tipple Tope Drinkard Drinkdregs Swillaway Fillpot TTpfill Swigg Stopftdl Spillewyne Passmore Pickup Holdup Brew "Whybrew Drinkwater Drinkmilk Buttery Lardy Casky Cask Barrel Bottle Cork Funnel Tun Tap Vent Froth Lees 103 RAIMENT, Bagg Busby Cuff Garter Band Buskin Gauntlett (Blackband) Button Damask Gildersleeves (Redband) Diaper Gowne Bead Cap Doublet Belt Cape Hatt (Broadbelt) Capelace Ermine (Hatfull) Bibb Chaine Hood Bibby Cloak Faircloth Hose Boddyce Clogg Feather (Hosegood) Bonnet Coate * Floss (Shorthose) Boot Collar Frill (Widehose) Bracegirdle Combs Fur Braid Cope Jackett Breeks Corderoy Gaiter Buckle Cotton Garde Kilt (Hornbuckle) Cravat Garment * Coats are of the following fashions Allcoat Narrowcoat Pettycoat Topcoat Bodycoat Nethercoat Taylecoat "Waiatcoat Middlecoat Pennycoat finchsuit, Fulfitt, and Fitness may apply to Kaiment; as also Style, Mode, Wear, Wrinkle, Crease, Woof, Webb. 104 RAIMENT, &c. Lace Pelisse Scarve Tape Lawn Piece Sendal Tassell Leather (Smallpiece) Shawl Tatters Legging Plume Shirt (Tattersall) Linsey Plush Shoe Tippett Lint Pocket (Shoebottom) To well List Sittingshoe Train Livery Bag Silk Trimmings Loop Rayment Skain Tuck Remnant Slipper Tucker Mantle Ribband Sole Twist Mitten Ring (Leathersole) Tye Muff Risband Spencer Rip Stitch Vail Napkin Robe Stocking Vest Keedle Ruff Stripe Ruffle Strip "Wardrobe Overall Studd Weavings Sable Suit "Whitethread Patch Sandle Surplice "Wigg (Counterpatch) Sash Wool Patten Scarf Tag Wrapp 105 TEE "LOCAL HABITATION" AND ITS BELONGINGS. Province Shires Ridings City Freeborough Manor Village Hamlet County Town Parish Slum Alley Booth (Southcott) Eaves Angle Bridge (Eastcott) Arch ( Broadbridge) (Westcott) Fence (Archbold) (Strawbridge) (Heathcott) Fireside Buttress (Furzecott) Flue Backstall Cottage Fort Banister Camp Court Foss Barns Casement Fountain (Goodbarn) Castle Dairy Frieze Barnewall Chambers Dais Barrack Chimney Divan Gable Batten Conduit Door Gallery Beams Corner Drain Garden Bellchamber Cott Dripp Garner Bookstore (Norcott) Garret 106 HABITATIONS, Sec. (Mountgarret) Hospital Lodge Office Garrison Housef Loft Orchard Gate* Hovell Oven Glass Hatch Mansion Grill Hutt Manger Pallace Gulley Milestone Paling Gutter Ingle Mews Pannel Hall Mill Pantry (Newhall) Inns (Kingmill) Park (Hall green) (Nethennill) Parlour (Hallbower) Keep (Redmill) Pier Ham Kitchen (Ryemill) Pierpoint ("Woodham) (Tollmill) Pillar Hearth Laundry Moate Porch Hermitage Lawn Mullion Portal Home Lobby Portway * Of Gates there are Bygate Holdgate Northgato Southgate Eastgate Millgato Postgate Westgate Floodgate Newgate Springate f Of House there are many compounds as Alehouse Hallhouse Newhouse Stonehouse Backhouse Holehouse Parkhouse Southouse Brookhouse Hillhouse Porthouse Vanhouse Bellhouse Lofthouse Redhouse Wainhouse Bridgehouse Malthouse Roodhouse Waterhouse Dyehouse Mashhouse Salthouse Wheelhouse Duckhouse Mirehouse Seedhouse Whitehouse Felthouse Monkhouse Shorthouse Woodhouse Greenhouse Moorhouse Spittlehouse HABITATIONS, &c. 107 Postgate Seawall Store (Wallwork) Privey Sewers Story (Barnewall) Shed (Rosewall) Quay Sheepwash Tallet Wharf Shop Terrace Ward Rack Shutter Tier Weir Rafter SU1 Tower Well Roofe Sluce Trench Window (Woodroofe) Stable Tunnel Windmill Room Stall Woodyard Roost Stairs Wainscot Rosery Steeple Wall Yard Square 108 THE HOME AFLOAT. Sea Main "Wave Anchor Chart Harbour Middleship Clew Helm Mizen Barge Coast Hold Bark Coil Holdship Navy Beacon Commander Hoy Beam Convoy Hulk Oar Billows Cove Hull Boat Coxen Packet Boatman Craft Jibb Paddle Boatswain Creek Pitchbottom Boatright Cruise Keel Port Boom Cutter Portway Brace Leak Punt Breakers Deck Locker Brigg Luff Quay Brine Flag Luffman Bunting Fleet Lugger Ri gg Rope Cable Galley Mainprize Ruck Cargo Gig Manship Rudder Caulk Goodship Mate Channel Gun Mast Sail THE HOME AFLOAT. 109 Salvage Screw Scull Seaward Ship (Winship) Shipway Shipping Shore Skiff Skipper Stay Starboard Steer Stem Stern Swab Swell Tack Tackle Tarbottom Tow Tugg Vessel Wherry Windard Yard Yaw 110 HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER CHATTELS. Anvil Bavin Bolster Broom Ashes Bed Bolt Brush Augre Bedding (Castbolt) Bucket Awl Bell (Newbolt) Buckle Axe (Daybell) Bond (Hornbuckle) Axel (Dumbell) Book Budget Bellows (Newbook) Buffet Badge Belts (Bookstore) Bust Bagg Bench Booth Button Bale Besom Boss Bundle Ballance Bible Bottle Bunting Balls Bier (Oldenbottle) Butt Batts Biggin Bowl (Sowerbutt) Barr BiU Bowls Barrel Billett Box Cable (Leatherbarrel) Bin Brace Caddy Barrow Blades Bracket Cage (Leatherbarrow) Blanket Brad Candle Baskett Blind Brazier Cann Basnett Block Brick Cannister Bason Boate Bridle Carbon Batten Bodkin Blinker Card HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER CHATTELS, 111 Cartoon Copper Dial Furnace Coals Cork Diaper Cord Cott Doll Gass (Whiehcord) (Bodycot) Doorbar Gear Carriage (Boycott) Drawer Gimblet Cask (Cannicott) Dray Ginn Case (Littlecott) Dredge Glass Castor (Woolcot) Dresser Glue Catch Couch Goad Chain Cribb Easel Goblet Chair Coulter Ewer Goudge Challice Counter Ember Grates Chart Cover Gauge Chatell Cowl Fagots Gumm Chess Crank Fann Guard Chisell Crate Fender Clamp Crock Fetter Halter Clasp Crook File Halbert Cleaver Cruse Firebrick Hammer Clogg Crutch Filter Hammock Clout Cue Firebrass Hamper Clubbe Cullender Fishline Handle Coffin Cupp Footman Hanger Coals (Crosscup) Flagg Hardware Coke (Wisecup) Forge Harness Combe Curtain Forke Harrow (Newcomb) Cushion Frame Hassock (Smallcomb) Fuel Hatchett Coope Deli Funnel Hatch 112 HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER CHATTELS. Heater Key Machine Pannier Heaver (Keylock) Mallet Pan Hemp Kitchener Mangles Pane Hinge Kitt Manual Pannel Hives Knife Mapp Parcell Hobbs Knocker Mask Peal Hodd Matches Pegg Hoe Ladle Matras Pen Holder Lamp Matts (Penfound) Hone Lancet Mattock Pestall Hook Lash Model Pick (Newhook) Last Mortar Pickaxe Hoops Lathe Mould Pillow Horseshoe Laver Mugg Pipe Hurdle Leather Pipkin Ledger Nail Pitcher Image Lens (Horsenail) Plane Ink pen Lever (Hoofnail) Plaster Iron Link Needle Plough Lockett Nest Plugg Jacks Lock Nibb Plumb Jar (Bedlock) Plume Jugg (Silverlock) Outpin Pole Junk (Trulock) Oven Pook (Keylock) Postgate Kegg Locker Pack Pott Kennell Loom Paddle Press Kettle Lumber Pail Prong (Thoroughkettle) Pallett Pully HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER CHATTELS. 113 Pummell Scales Spike Sumpter Punch (Chinkscales) Spiles Suds Sconce Spindle Sythe Quill Screen Spoke Quilt Screw Sponge Table Scutcheon Spoon Tackle Rack Seal (Weatherspoon) Tallow Rafter Seat Squib Tally Eake Sermon Stack Tank Rattle Settle Staff Tankard Rein Shackle (Hardstaff) Tann Rickcord Shaft (Longstaff) Tap Ring Shard (Biggerstaff) Tarbox (Goldring) Share (Wagstaff) Target Rivett Shears Stage Tarr Rod Sheet Stake Tent Rope Shelf Stamp Thimble Ropeyarn Shovell Staple Tick Ruddle Shute Stay Ticket Rugg Shuttle Stick Till Sickle (Broadstick) Tilt Sack Sign Stilt Tongs (Broadsack) Sistern Stool Toole Safe Size Stove Topp Salvage Skate Stirrup Tow Satchell Skillett Strap Towell Saveall Skittles Strawmat Toy Saw Sockett String Trapp Scaffold Sofa Sucker Tray p 114 HOUSEHOLD AITD OTHER CHATTELS. Trenchard Wafer Wedge Wicket Trivett Wax (Hardwedge) Winch Trowell (Weatherwax) Weights Windlass Truck Wallett Weir Winepress Tubb Wand Wheel Windle Tube Wardrobe Whetstone Wire Twine Ware Whip Woodfork Wanner Whittle Wreath Varnish Watch Wick Wrench Vials Wattle Wicker 115 THE ILLS OF LIFE. Age Cramp Halt Ache Craze Headache Ague Crick Hiccup Anguish Cripple Hunger Asma Cutts Hitch Ayling Croup Hurt Bane Dropsie Ills Bissick Blain Faint Kicks Blight "Ffltmn Kough Boil Fever Bruise Fester Lear Bunyon Fitt Burn Flux Malady Measel Canser Gape Murrin Chap Gout Chill Gravel Pain Cold Graze Palsey Collick Gripe Pest Corns Gumboil Piles 116 THE IIXS OF LIFE. Pinches Smart Strain Pimple Stitch Spleen Tapping Quinsey Sore Tears Sours Thirst Rash Spavin Twitchings Ricketts Staggers Rott Stammers Wart Stone Wenn Scar Stumbles Whitlow Shingles Stun Worms Illman, Siekman, and Notwett are among English Names. As representing bodily conditions they are in familiar association with Physic Pill Bolus Purge Powder Plaister Salts Hartshorn Arrowroot Slopps And such mechanical appliances as Knife Lancet Splint Viala 117 LOVE: ITS COMPOUNDS AND CONSEQUENCES. Belovly Catchlove Costlove Cutlove Dearlove Freelove Fullolove Fullilove Lovego Lovegod Lovely COMPOUNDS. Lover Lvoefit Proudlove Lovelady Leverage Purslove Loveman Lovering Loveladd Lovelock Quicklove Lovechild Loveluck Lovekin Lovelace Spendlove Loveband Loveys Sweatlove Lovebond Lovesy Sweetlove Loverock Loving Lovewell Truelove Manlove Loveless Manlover Loveday Menlove "Wellbeloved Lovegrove Marklove Lovejoy Tounglove Lovegood Newlove Amour CONSEQUENCES. Caress Kiss Hymen Buss Clasp Wedd Wedlock Marry Marriage Bride Bridegroom Bridecake Caudle 118 DIGNITIES, SECULAR RELIGIOUS. King Roy Kingson Peer Marquis Count Lord Baron Knight Gentleman Chevalier Usher Judge Commander Marshal Officer Centurion Mayor Burgess Provost Bailiff Gailer SECULAR. Queen Monarch Prince Duke Earl Mister Chamberlain Mareschal Justice Governor Major Sergeant Alderman Sheriff Constable Rex Kaiser Noble Dux Margrave Countess Lady Dames Squire Sirr Herald Seneschal Counsellor Consul Cornet Cadett Don Councillor Beadle Reeve Police Guard Greatrex, Sexworthy, Milady, Tiplady^ Toplady, Half knight, Gent, and Goodsir, are variations admissible here, as may also be Huler, Title, and Sank. DIGNITARIES. 119 RELIGIOUS ORDERS. Pope Cardinal Bishop Archdeacon Priest Fellow Vicar Parson Minister Abbot Friar Singer Verger Prophet Christian Jew Churchman Phanisee Prior Pontifex Legate Dean Warden Deacon Proctor Curate Clerk Preacher Monk Nun Binger Sexton DENOMINATIONAL. Apostles Seer Gentile Pagan Baptist Pharasin 120 BE A S TS. Ape Calf Fawns (Hogmire) Asa (Duncalf) Ferret Coney Foale Jackall Badger Coon Fox Beagle Cow Kidd Bear (Cowking) Galloway Kiddy (Shebeare) (Co whom) Gelding Kine Bruin Cobb Gilley Kitten Beaver Colley Gazelle Bixh Colt Goate Leveret Boare Courser Griffin Lamb fWildboar) Cubby Lambkin Buck Curr Heifer Lambie Bull Hack Lion (Turnbull) Dam Hackney Leo Bullock Deer Hare Leopard Doe (Harefoot) Camel Dragon Hart Mare Cat Hind Mole (Pooss) Eland H6g Monkey (Pussey) ^Monser) Elephant Ewe (Fathog) (Weatherhog) Mouse Mus Mules Otter Ox Palfrey Poney Panther (Pigfat) (Farrow) Porker BEASTS. Pointer Roebuck Poodle Pupp Setter Sheep Rabbitt (Goodsheep) (Bunney) Spaniel Earn Squirrel (Goodram) Stagg Rat Stallion Reynard Steed (Reynardson) Stoat Roe Swine 121 Teg Terrier Tiger Titmouse Tupp Wean Whelp Whitehorse Wolf (Bitterwolf) The following are associate Names: Cattle Flock Fold Herd Team Studd Mane Hide Antler Horn Tuske Hudders Withers Hocke Hoof Neigh Paw Browse Tether 122 HIRES. Avis (Seacock) Fowle Kirlew (Thistlecock) Kite Bantam (Raincock) Game Batt Crane Goldfinch Lark Biffin Crake Gander Linnet Bird Crow Goose Blackbird Coote (Greygoose) Mallard (Rainbird) Cuckoo ("Wildgoose) Martin (Starbird) Cygnet Gosling Morehen (Dearbird) Grouse (Bugbird) Daw Gull Nestling Byrdie Dove Nightingale Bullfinch Drake Hawk Bustard (Mandrake) (Gatehawk) Ostrich Buzzard Duck (Goldhawk) Owles Duckling (Goshawk) Canary (Wallduck) Heathcock Parrot Capon Hen Partridge Chaffinch Eagle Heron Peacock Chicken Pheasant Cock Farefowl Jay Pigeon (Redcock) Finch Jaycock Plover BIRDS. 123 Quaile Snipe Swan Titt Sparrow Swift Raven Sparrowhawk "Woodcock Robin Starling Teal "Woodlark Rook Stork Throssle "Wren Swallow Thrush With the above may be classed such Names as Caw Croak Coo Birdwhistle Bill Crop Tallons Pinion Wing Lightwing Feathers Fairfeather Moult Stubbs Nest Roost Birdseye Crowfoot Covey Dovey Goosey 124 FISHES. Barnacle Elk Mackrell Shrimps Bream Minnow Skate Brill Fish Mullet Smelt Flounders Mussell Sole Carp Chubb Cockle Grayling Grigg Oyster Spratt Sturgeon Grill Codd Perch Tench Crab Gudgeon Pike Tortoise Gumett Cray Pilchard Trout Haddock Plaice (Backtrout) Dab Herring Turbot Dace Ray Turtle Dolphin Jack Roach Dory Whale Lamprey Salmon "Whiting Eck Ling Seal Wilks Eel Luce Shark "Winkles Connected with the name of Fish are those of CutfisJt, Claw, Shell, Tortoiseshell, Gill, fin, Finney, Roe, Scales, Summerscaks, Whalesbelly, Whalebone, and Sharkey. 125 INSECTS, Locust Bee* Chafer Fly Moth Emmett Mite Earwig Bug Tick Gentles Wevill Spider Wasp Butterfly (Bedbug) Palmer Hornett Beetle (Stemfly) Magot Ante Mote Grubb Flea Blight "Worm Roseworm Cricket * Bee appears also in the compound forms of Beebee, Blackbee, Appkbee, Maybee, Summerbee, Weatherbee, Batterbee. With the name of Bee may follow those of Hum, Buzzy, and Sting, with Pollen, Hives, Combe, Honeycomb^ and Swarm. Asp REP TIL E 8, Sfc. Blackadder Viper Boa Evett Frogg Newts There are also the moluscular Sluyy and Snail. 126 THE EARTH AND ITS CONSTITUENTS. World Land* Water Loam Sand Marie Stone f Boulder Pebble Chalk Alum Coal} Carbon Gold Tin Copper Earth Ground Sky Mould (Groundwater) Clodd Mudd Freshwater Clay Dust Gritt Grout Quarry Flint Strata Gravel Marble Slate Peat Soda Salt Seacoal Culm Coke Ore Silver Lead Pewter Chrystal Iron Brass Zinc t Stone has compounds in Boulderstone, Firmstone, Featherstone, Freestone, Blackstone, Redstone, Whitestone, Slowstone, Livingstone, Gladstone, Goldstone, Hurlstone, Humpstone, PicJcstone, Touchstone, &c. J Coal has outcomes in Ashes, Clinker, Sparks, and Smut. THE EARTH AND ITS CONSTITUENTS. 127 * The name of Land has been fertile in the generation of com- pounds, thus Badland Fairland Lakeland Sandiland Beanland Frankland Laughland Shopland Bigland Freeland Layland Shortland Birdland Goodland Leatherland Stainland Boyland Hadland Littlegoland Staniland Brick land Hasland Loveland Strickland Brightland Hayland Mainland Summerland Buckland Headland Markland Sweatland Cartland Highland Moreland Sweetland Churchland Holyland Ne-wland Waterland Cleaveland Keartland Noland Westland Cowland Kirkland Oldland Wheatland Crossland Lackland Ringland Whiteland Dryland Landlack 128 OBJECTS OF NATURE, Alp Burnside Craighead Dyke (Alpine) Burrow Creek (Thorndike) Bush Croft * (Bowditch) Bank* (Cutbush) Cutting (Grimditch) Bay (Middleditch) Beach Cave Dale* Billow Channel Dell Ebbs Bogg Chase (Fardell) Eddy Bottom Churchyard (Cowdell) Edge (Longbottom) Cliff (Lowdell) (Edgelow) ("Winter-bottom) (Nethercliff) Delves (Grandedge) Bourne (Briarcliff) Desert Bower (Hunchcliff) Denn Fall Brae Close (Dryden) (Quickfall) Brake Coast (Longden) Fallows Breach Combe (Oakden) Fell Breaker Common ( Hasleden) (Greenfell) Brim Cone (Lowden) Fenn Bridge * Cove Dingle Ferry Brink Cover Downs Field* Brook * Covert (Underdown) Flood Burn Craig (Fallowdown) (Winterflood) OBJECTS OF NATURE, &c. 129 Ford* Hollow (Pittmarsh) Pool Forest Holme (Saltmarsh) (Fishpool) Frith Holt Mead (Glasspool) (Fairholt) (Pitmead) (Horsepool) Gapp (Greenholt) Meadows Port Garden Hurst (Broadmeadow) Puddle Glasier (Dryhurst) (Cowmeadow) Glen (Broadhurst) (Oldmeadow) Quay Grainge Mines Gorge Ingle Mole Reach Grove Island Moor Ridge * (Sadgrove) Isles (Blackmoor) Rivers (Blackgrove) Mound Roads (Bell grove) Knapp Mount Rock (Hazelgrove) (Eedknapp) Mountain Rut Gully Lake* Orchard Sands Harbour Lane Sea Haven (Midlane) Paddock Seamark Headland Lawn Park Shell Heaps Lea (Bearpark) Shingle Hedge (Greenleas) Pass Shore (Hedgeland) (Miryleas) Path Slough (Rosehedge) (Yellowleas) (Redpath) Spray Height (Thorniley) Peak Spring Highway Levell Pitt (Oxspring) Hill* (Bullpitt) Strait Hillock Mainland Plain Stream Hole Marsh Pond (Coldstream) B 130 OBJECTS OF NATURE, &c. Street Tarn Valley WoodmiU (Greenstreet) Thicket Verge Waterfall (Longstreet) Torr Way* (Stoneystreet) Townsend Warren (Green way) Strand Turns "Waters * Weald Summit Wave Wells* Vale Waste Wood* Banks, Bridget, Brooks, Crofts, Dales, Fields, Fords, Hills, Lakes, Ridges, Waters, Wells, Ways, and Woods abound in com- pound forms. There are, in Bowerbank Fairbank Swithenbank Banks : Brittlebank Greenbank Tricklebank Brooksbank Maybank "Windebank Coalbank Stainbank Bridges : Bracebridge Broadbridge Farbridge Northbridgo Stanbridge Strawbridge Woodbridge Fullbridge Wallbridge Allsobrook Glazebrook Eushbrook Brooks .- Easterbrook Hosierbrook Sandbrook Washbrook Firstbrook Middlebrook Scotcbbrook Westbrook Fullbrook Northbrook Seabrook Croftt: Ashcroffc Bearcroft Cockcroft Foxcroft Hopcroft Horsecroft Longcroft Meadowcroft Moescroft Nethercroft Ravenscroft Ryecroft Thorncroft Wheatcroft OBJECTS OF NATURE, &c. Dales: 131 Archdale Brazendale Brickdale Cloverdale Dnnderdale Langdale Leatherdale Littledale Mothersdale Normandale itickdale Tindale Fields : Armfield Ashfield Barnfield Baskeyfield Bayfield Bedingfield Belfield Birchfield Blanchfield Broomfield Browfield Brownfield Brushfield Butterfield Camfield Chatfield Cornfield Crossfield Dangerfield Ditchfield Eadenfield Eaglesfield Elderfield Fairfield Fallowfield Fearfield Freshfield Greenfield Hamfield Handfield Hayfield Hearfield Heartfield Heathfield Honeyfield Huntingfield Kentfield Layfield Littlefield Longfield Merryfield Oatfleld Oldfield Overfield Peatfield Pitfield Sandfield Searchfield Setterfield Shrinkfield Sinfield Smallfield Springfield Standfield Subtblefield Slyfield Summerfield Sutterfield Tattersfield Troublefield Upfield "Wastefield Waterfield Whitefield Widowfield Woodifield Fords .- Blackford Bridgeford Darkeford Drakeford Fullford Goodford Hayford Honeyford Mockford Mudford Sandford Sandiiford Shillingford Stopford Whiteford Woodford Hills . r BowhiU Churchill ClayhiU Corkhill Fairhill Greenhill Pighills Eathill tSain thill Thornhill Underbill Uphill Woodhill Lakes : Eastlake Fishlake Goodlakc Northlake Midlake Stoneylake Timberlake Westlake Worthylake 132 OBJECTS OF NATURE, &c. Ridges : Betteridge Coleridge Goodridge Hartridge Longridge Oatridge Plumridge Ridgeway Shortridge Smallridge Waters: Allwater Atwater Broadwater Bywater Dowater Drawwater Freshwater Goldwater Grandwater Mildwater Millwaters Wells: Blackwell Greenwell Moswell Southwell "Woodwell Ways : Backway Broadway Byway Glassway Goodway Greenway Hathaway Highway Holloway Holtway Narroway Shipway Waygood Woodt: Allwood Blackwood Eastwood Hackwood Honeywood Morewood Silverwood Southwood Westwood Bigwood Boughtwood Full wood Hazlewood Littlewood Northwood Smallwood Stickwood WoodfuU Birchwood Bridgewood Greenwood Highwood Middlewood Redwood Southerwood Thinnwood Woodrow Birdwood Broad wood Grimwood Homewood Midwood Silowwood Southerwood Underwood 133 TREES, Alder Chesnut Laurel Appletree Crab Linden (Appleyard) Crabtree Ash Cork Maple Ashplant Mulberry (Ashpole) Elder Myrtle (Fiveash) Elm (Wildash) Evergreen Oak Aspen (Oakleaf) Furze (Oakestrong) Bay (Holyoak) Beech Hawthorn (Sevenoaks) Birch Hawtree (Acorn) (Birchenough) Hazel Ozier Bracken Heath Bramble Heather Palm Broom Holly Peartree (Thickbroom) Pine Box Ivy Privet (Ivyleaf) Pollard Cane Plumtree Cedar Juniper TREES, Ac. Shrubb (Blandthorn) (Hollowvi: Sycamore (Pickthorn) Shumack Thistle Walnut Tree Willows Teall (Twelvetrees) Withy Thorn (Greentree) Woodbine (Maythorn) (Roundtree) (Silver-thorn) Yew (Fairthorn) Vine To the above may be added- Timber Top Lopp Bark Tann Boot Branch Bough Boles Stump Stubb Block Billet Twig Sprig Leaf Tendril Plank Board Inchboard Deals Post Kail Pole Stake Wythe Batten Lath Eod Stick Staff Clubb Brand Faggots Bavin Chipp Spiltimber Greenleaf Sapp Gum Prickles 135 FL WER S. Aloe Fern Marigold (Kedfern) Marjoram Balm Flowers Musk Balsam (Blanchflower) Myrtle Bloom (Flowerday) Blossom (Flowerdew) Poppy Bouquet Plant Bower Garland Primrose Branchflower Gilliflower Rose* Brier Budd Gorse Gowan Rosemary Saffron Camonile Heath Snowdrop Cloves Spray Columbine Iris Tulip Daisy Jessamine Violet Dandelyon Lavender "Woodbine Eglintine Lilly Wreath Blow The following conditions apply to flower-life Droop Wane Wither Dye * Rose has varieties in Rosetftorn, Rosinbloom, Rosedear, Rosehedge, Deeprose, Ringrote, Ryperose^ Plantrose, and Pluckrost. 136 FRUITS, Almond Haws Orchard Apple Hopps (Sweetapple) Hurt Pine Peach Barbary Juniper (Peachy) Berry Pear (Greenberry) Lemon Pippin Plum Cherry Citron Codling Currant Medlar Melon Mulberry Quince (Quincey) Raisin Damson Date Nutt (Brownnutt) Rasberry (Nutty) Tamarind Fig (Pignutt) Filbert (Woodnutt) Vine Vineyard Grape Olive Ginger Orange Wallnut With these may be classed Bunch Peel Rind Core Pips Pippy Juicy Rott 137 VEGETABLES, Arrowroot Kail Parsley Pea Balm Leek Bean Lettice Kue Beet Liquorice Radish Rape Cabbage Mallow Carrot Marjoram Sage Cress Marrow Sago Charlick Minty Spinnage Morgan Sprout Garlick Moss Teasel Gerkin Mosscrop Thistle Ginger Mustard Gourd Weed Greens Nettles (Wedekind) Groundsell (Nettiefold) (Digweed) Fennell Onions Yam 138 HERBS, GRAIN, Blade (Ingrain) (Peasgood) Barley Graines Pod Barlicorn Grass (Podmore) Beans Greengrass Pollard Bran Grist Pulse Blues Burr Hay Rye ft Herbage Corn (Cornbloom) Hull Husk Sharps Straw (Corney) (Cornall) (Oldcorn) Maize Malt (Goldstraw) (Rack straw) (Smallcorn) Meal Tares Chaffy Clover Oats Vetch Farina (Oaten) Fodder Wheat Pea (Copperwheat) Grain Pease Wheaten "With the above the following may claim relationship : Seed Root Blade Samples Sheaf Pook Haycock Mowe Stack Eeek Broadrick Goodrick Truss Cropp Harvest Garner 139 THE TIMES AND SEASONS, Ages Times Term Spring' Summer Winter Midwinter Lent Lammas Easter Easterday Paschal Pentecost Middlemas Halloween Christmas Noel Yule January March April May June July August Yearly Quarterly "Weeks Weekly Middleweek Day Daily Twiceaday Hour Hours Sunday Whitsonday Monday Thursday Friday Saturday Yesterday Morrow Now Present Then Dawn Sunrise Morning Noon Eve Yigil Vesper Nox Night Halfnight Dumsday Worldsend 140 THE TIMES AND SEASONS, Ac. The words " Year " and " Month " do not appear as surnames in those forms, but they occur in the compounds of Goodyear, Longyear, Hardyear, Redycar, Feveryear, and Learmonth. Spring has alliances as in Sprinafeld : Summer in Swnmerjield and Summcrhayes ; Winter in Winterborn, Winterlourne, Winterbottom, WintirJ'ood, Winterscall, and Wintermute. So has March in Neu-march, and May in Youngmay and Mildmay the latter (according to Mr. Lower) appearing as lony ago as 1147 in the form of Mildme. Day has compound formt- in Allday, Cocka<:ay, Gogaday, Singleday, Doubleday, Fairday, Flowerday, Fcreday, Faraday, Goodday, Holiday, Eilday, JUellowday, Jolliday, Merrtjday, Heyday, Otherday, &c., and is seen with quaint baptismal prefixes, as Winter Day, Christmas Day, Lucky Day : there is also a Winter Summers. The names of Goodie and Seasongood may be added to this class. 141 THE HE A VENL Y B ODIES, THE ELEMENTS, Sun (Dayking) Moon Star Morningstar Comet Element Air Ether "Weather Fairweather Foulweather Fineweather Fearweather Merryweather Starkweather Sunshine Wind Breeze Blast Gust "Wildgust Gale Storm Tempest Lull Lower Lowry Lightning Thunder Cloud Heat Shadow Shade Flood Drought Dew Mist Middlemist Fogg Haze Rain Rainy Raining Rainier Rainbow Showers Sleet Snow Snowing Flake Flee Hail Hailstone Ice Frost Freeze Thaw Ebbs Flux With Air are Goodair and Thoroughaire; with Weather besides the compounds above quoted are Weather all and Weatherit ; and with Dew are Dewy, Maydew, Merridew, Mellodew, &c. With Snow is Snowball, and like unto Mist is Hazeon. The Points of the Compass may take their places here : North Northern Northy Northeast West Western Westaway Westover East Eastern Easty Eastley* South Southern . Southey Southerley Southward Bysouth * Easterly has been used as a baptismal prefix to Sains. See Note* and Qwries, Aug. 30, 1873. 142 THE VOCABULARY OF WAR. Allies Bondage Cleave Fort Ambush Bow Conquer Foyle Armour Bowman Conqueror Fray Armoury Brakspear Conquest Arrow Brand Corps Garrison Atack Bravery Coward Gash Breach Cutts Goad Ball Brunt Gore JBandman Buckler Dagger Gun Barrack Bullet Danger Gunner Battery Dangerfield Gunnery Battle Cannon Dart (Greatbattle) Camp Dinn Hilt Batling Carbines Dirk Horseman Banner Carnage Drawbridge Hostage Bannerman Cartell Duel Belt Cartridge Lance Blades Challenge File Lancefield Blast Challenger Fence Lines Blood Champion Flagg Blow Charge Flay Maile Bolt Clash Foe March THE VOCABULARY OF WAR. 143 Musket Rescue Sling Tilt Muzzle Rocket Shotbolt Tourney Rout Spear Trigger Parrade Rowell Spearman Troup Parry Spearing Truce Pendent Saber Spearpoint Tumbrell Pennant Scar ("Winspear) Pickett Scuffle Spike Victory Pierce Shaft Spur Yizor Pillage Shakeshaft Stabb Pistol Shakespear Standard Wadd Poignard Sheath Sword War Powder Shield (Drawsword) Warcup Quarrel Shell (Longsword) Warrior Shott Warm an Rally Siege Target Warboys Bank Slaughter Tent (Redwar) flapier Slay Thrust Wield 144 MONEY, METALS, JEWELS, Farthing (Winfarthing) Halfpenny * (Alpenny) Penny * Pence Twopenny Groat Fippenny Sixpence Tenpence Shilling Florin Crown Noble f Mark Twentymark Pound Cent Shechel Dollar Ducat Thousandpound Guinea Stiver Franc Thaler (Markthaler) (Barndollar) (Cashdollar) Centlivre Tallents Cash Treasure Coin Argent Value Money Bullion Price Riches Soripp * The name of Alpenny may represent Halfpenny, clipped, or Allpenny, a coin of full weight. Penny has compounds in Penny- father, Penny maker, Pennypaeker, Pennycook, Pennymore, Gods- penny, Smallpenny, Oreatpcnny, Allpenny, Manypenny, Moneypenny, Turnpenny, Ticklepenny, Whirlpenny, Winpenny, Fourapenny. t The \ disused Noble was of the value of 6s. 8d, and the Mark of I3s.4d. The name of Mark was given in baptism to a country child in Wiltshire whose surname was Noble, that the father might not (as he said,) be without a pownd in his house. MONEY, METALS, JEWELS, &c. 145 In connection with Money seem such, names as those of Booty, Hansom, Smallprice, Cashmore, Shillingsworth, and Hallmark. Ore Gold (Sheargold) Goldstone (Threadgold) Silver Iron Brass Tin Pinchbeck Silverstone Steele (Brassey) (Tinney) Gilt (Silvertop) Copper Lead Blacktin Medal Agate Emerald Jasper Amber Garnett Jewel Pearl Diamond Gem Onyx 146 WEIGHTS, MEASURES, QUANTITIES, "Weight * Measure Ballance Pennyweight Pound Load Ton Bushel Strike Centlivre Sacks Peck Puncheon "Firkin Gallon Pottle Quart Gill Tod Truss (Peckover) Twopotts Inch Foot Span Cubitt Halfyard Yard Ell Overell Rod Pole Perch Lug Chain Furlong Hood Halfacre Acre Overacre (Hardacre) (Goodacre) (Oldacre) (Greenacre) (Whitaker) Mile (Eedmile) Quire Ream Keg Stride Cube Share Stripp Height Stack Quarters Weights and Sealet are in partnership in Macclesfield. 147 COLOURS. Amber Buffey Grizzel Saffron Argent Sandy Christal Maroon Scarlet Bay Black Cherry Crimson Orange Tawney Blackie Pink Blacker Dunn Plum Umber (Blackall) Duskey Pinkey Blanch Violet Blue Fairgray Eed Vert Bluer Reddish Blond Green Roan White Brown (Evergreen) Russet Whiter (Gentlebrown) Greener Ruddy Whitest (Wildbrown) Greenish Rose (Snowhite) (Nutbrown) Greeny Rosier (Lillywhite) (Bisbrown) Greenly Yellow Buif Grey Sable (Yalowhaire) Hue Hues Dyblu Whiteheat Brown, Green, and Bed are met with in many compound names, and Yellow once in Yellowley. 148 MUSICAL TERMS. Air Fiddler Organ Alt Flageollet Anthem Flute Peddell Fluter Pipe Ballad Fuge Piper Bass Fife Basstone Fifer Reed Bell Flat (Richbell) Bellringer Glee Sharp Swell Buglehorn Bugler Harmony Harp Tahor Carrol Harper Tamhourine Chant Horn Timbrell Chanter Hornhlower Tone Cornet Hymn Trehle Crochet Triplett Couplet Lute Trump Tune Drum Melody Drummer Music Warble Whistle Fiddle Ode Whistler 149 CHRISTIAN AND OTHER NAMES in use as Surnames. Abadam Amey Benjamin Catherine Abel Ammon Benn Cato Aber Amos Bennie Cecil Abraham A inner Bernard Charity Absalom Andrew Bertie Charles Achilles Angelo Bertram Charley Adam Ann Bertrand Charlotte Adolph Anselme Bessey Christopher Adolphus Anthony Betty Christie Adrian Arabella Biddy Clara Agar Archibald BiU Clement Agness Aiiel Billy Clemence Ajax Aries (Brownbill) Clemie Albert Arnold Blanche Colin Aldebert Arthur Boaz Constance Aldred Asher Bobb Constantino Alex Asser Bobby Cornelius Alexander Austin Bramah Crichton Alfred Bridgett Crispin Alice Baalim Cruso Allan Bacchus Cassar Cuthbert Allick Balaam Cain Amaziah Balthasar Caleb Dagobert Amazon Bartholomew Carrie Damon Ambrose Basil Castor Dan 150 CHRISTIAN AND OTHER NAMES. Daniel Elkanah Gabriel Hezekiah Daphne Ellen Gasper Hildebrand Darby Emanuel Geoffrey Hiram David Emm George Hodge Davie Enoch Gerrard Homer Davy Erasmus Gideon Hope Delia Ernest Gilbert Hosea Dick Esaias Giles Hubert (Cobbledick) Esau Grace Huby Dickie Ethel Gregory Hugh Dicksee Etty Greg Hugo Diggory Eustace Guy Humphrey Dives Eva (Dulhumphry) Doll Eve Habakuck Dolly Evelyn Hagar lago Dominic Everard Ham Ichabod Donald Ezra Hannah Isaac Douglas Hannibal Isabel Dunstan Faith Harriott Iscariot Fanny Harrold Israel Edgar Felix Harry Edmund Ferdinand Heber Jabez Edwards Fido Hector Jack Edwin Flora Henry Jacob Eldric Florence Hellen Jael Eli Francis Herbert Jago Elias Frank Herod James Elisha Fred Hesse (Fulljames) Eliza Frederick Hester Jamey CHRISTIAN AND OTHEK NAMES. 151 Jane Jonas Lawrence Matthew Jacques Joachim Lazarus Matthias Japheth Joash Leah Marcus Jasper Joel Leander Mark Jehu Joe Leo Mary Jenny Jose Leonard Mars Jeptha Joseph Levi Maude Jeremiah Jonathan Lillie Meggy Jeremie Joshua Livy Mercy Jeremy Jove Lois Michael Jerry Judah Lot Millicent Jerome Judas Louis Mogg Jerrard Jude Lucy Moll Jesse Judy Luke Molly Jess Jules Lukey Montague Job Julia Luther Mopsey Joel Julian Moses. John Julius Mabb Mosey (St. John) Macbeth Mortimer (Brownjohn) Karl Macduff Muriel (Prettyjohn) Kendrick Madge Mustapha (Properjohn) Kennick Maggy (Littlejohn) Kittie , Mahomed Nan (Youngjohn) Kitty Malcolm Nance (Goodjohn) Knox Manfred Nancy (Upjohn) Marcus Nanny (Applejohn) Laban Matilda Nathan (Johncock) Latimer (TiUy) Nell (Robjohns) Laud Matthie (Trimnell) 152 CHKISTIAN AND OTHEK NAMES. Nelly Philip Sail Theodore Nero Pilate Sally Tim Nestor Pindar Sampson Timseus Nicholas Plato Sam Timothy Nick Poll Samuel Timon Noah Polly Sarah Tobias Noe Potiphar Saul Tobin Priam Scipio Tobitt Ogg Psyche Shadrack Toby Olive Seth Tom Oliver Rachel Silas (Ticktom) Osmund Ralph Sim Tommy Oswald Randolph Simeon Thomas Ovid Raphael Solon Triton Raymond Stephen Tudor Pallas Reginald (Mountstephen) Tully Pan Richard Stuart Patience Robb Susan "Urban Paul Robert Susanna (St Paul) Robbie Susans Valentine Patrick Roderick Suse Venus Pattie Roger Sue Patty Roland Symund Walrond Pegg Rosamond Walter Peggy Rowland Tabb Wilfred Percy Rudolph Tancred Willey Peregrine Rufus Tedd William Pharaoh Ruth Teddy Phoenix Theobald Zerubbabe 153 THE "SON" AS AN OFFSHOOT. Aaron son Clementson Frederickson Abrahamson Clemson Abson Collinson Gadson Adamson Corneliuson Georgeson Allanson Cuthbertson Godson Annison Gilbertson Anson Danson Gimson Ascherson Davidson Gillson Baruchson Davison Dickson Grayson Gregson 5eison Dobinson Benson Donaldson Halson Bettison Duncanson Harrison Betson Herbertson Billison Edmondson Hewitson Brownson Edwardson Hewson Garrison Ellison Hodgson Charlson Emson Hoseason Christiansen Erickson Humphryson Christopherson Evason (Bellchristopherson) Eveson Isaacson TJ 154 THE " SON " AS AN OFFSHOOT. Jackson Marson Poison Jacobson Matthewson Jeaffreson Matthiason Richardson Jameson Mattison Robertson Jamieson Jennison Janson Matson Megson Michaelson Rogerson Robson Robinson Jemson Mollison Rolandson Jephson Jerrison Molson Rowlandson Jobson Nanson ", Salamonson Jenkinson Nelson Samson Johnson Nickson Sibson Nicolson Simson Kingson Kitson Oliverson Stephenson Stevenson Lawrenson Pattison Paulson Thomason Tomson Magson Malcolmson Pegson Peterson Pierson Timson "Watson Margetson Margerison Philipson Phipson "Williamson "Willson There are other names of this termination in the possessive, as Srotherson, Sisterson, Dadson, Paterson, Widdowson, Hanson, Oood- manson, Masterson, Swainson; others appear descriptive, as Ooodson t Eotison, Richson, Dryson,Hotson, Qreyson, Grimson, Lowson, Crewdson, Dulson, JRatcson, Rumson, Gladton, Graveson, Ckarsott, Gleeson, THE "SON" AS AN OFFSHOOT. 155 Gladson, Merrison, Newson, Greenson, Youngson, Boyson, Burlison, Bolderson, Shrimpson, Chitson ; others take the imperative form, as Hearson, Grieveson, TIpson, Arm&on, Hitson, Beatson, Breakson, Fleeson : some apply to vocations, as Parsonson, Yeomanson, Shepherdson t Serjeantson, Stewardson, Lawson, Cookson, Smithson ; others to localities, as Scotson, Scotlandson, Townson, Towerson, Waterson, Gutterson ; others to seasons, as Summerson, Winterson, Mattinson; while a host of sundries defy classification and are without apparent meaning. In this class of Names are certain in which the son gives way to the family, as Benskin Halkin Peterkin Betkin Hodgkin Sampkin Bobkin Jenkin Tomkin Watkin "Wilkin And others in which the son supplements the kindred, as Hankinson Hodgkinson Tomkinson "Watkinson "Wilkinson 156 TERMS OF NUMBER AND QUANTITY, Sec. Null Nihill Nothing One Two Six Nine Ten Twelve Eighteen Forty Sixty Cent Hundreds Million Person Unitt Ace Deuce Cipher Once Pair Brace Twin Twain Second Double Duplex Twice Trice Third Triplet Every Few Many Manifold More Much Over Muchmore Overmore Most Surpluss Rest Part Parcel Share Enough Lots Little Less Lesser Household Brotherhood Kindred Tribe Pedigree Race Clan Guild Flock Fold Troop Hoste Folk People Class Crowd Crew Band Gang Mobb Medley Muster Score Quire Gentry Laity Fellows Group Kingdom Nation States Powers Ego Mce You Our Othe 157 FROM PEOPLES. Amazon Frank JN orman Anakin French Pole Arabian Gael Pythian ftaul Bavarian Breton Britton \A CiU-L German Gipsey Goth Khinelander Eoman Buss Caffre Greek Saxon Cockney Hessian Scotlandson Cooley Hollander Scotson Cornish Scotchman Cossack Irishman Southron Irish Switzer Dane Dutch Jew Tartar Jewiss Thane Englander Turk English Lowthian Lollard "Welch Flambard Fleming Foreigner Malay Moor "Welchman "Welshman 158 FROM LOCALITIES. Acre Barnes Boston Cana Albion Barnet Botley Canterbury Alton Barnstaple Brabant Canton Allendale Bartley Bradburn Callander Amesbury Bath Bradford Calvary Anglesea Beaulieu Brading Cam Appleby Bedale Brazil Cambridge Argyle Bedford Bridgewater Cardiff Ashford Berks Brighton Carlisle Ashley Berkshire Brittain Carstairs Arundel Berlin Bristol Cashmere Auklund Berwick Brixton Castile Bewick Brompton Champagne Babell Bethel Broughton Chard Baden Bewley Bruges Cheltenham Badger Birmingham Buckingham Cheshire Bakewell Blackburn Burman Chester Baltic Blackwall Burnham Chesterfield Bampton Blandford Burslem Chichester Bangor Bohemia Burton China Banwell Bolton Bury Chiswick Barbary Bonsall Buxton Clapham FROM LOCALITIES. lOV; Clare Devonport Essex Guernsey Claremont Devonshire Exeter Guilford Clyde Dibden Exley Clydesdale Dieppe Hackney Cockayne Dollar Fareham Hague Colchester Doncaster Parley Halifax Collingbourne Dorset Farnham Hambro' Connaught Douglas Farringdon Hamilton Con way Dover Flanders Hampshire Cork Downton Florence Hampstead Cornwall Drysdale France Hampton Coventry Dudley Freshwater Hanwell Croydon Duffield Frome Harlow Cumberland Dugdale Harrow Dunbar Galilee Hastings Dalston Dunmore Galway Hebron Darbyshire Dunster Gambier Hereford Barley Durley Gath . Hermon Darwent Gaul Hesse Deal Eastham Germany Holyland Dean Eden Gideon Hitchin Dee Edenborough Gilead Hobart Denbigh Edinburgh Gillingham Holborn Denmark Edom Glasgow Holihead Derby Ely Glastonbury Holkham Darby Embley Gloster Holland Derry Enfield Greenland Hornsey Derwent Ensor Grentham Horsham Devon Erith Greenock Houghton 160 FROM LOCALITIES. Houndle Lavington Manchester Normandy Hounslow Landford Marlborough Northam Howick Landport Marsden Norway Hull Lee Matlock Norwich Humber Leeds Mayo Norwood Hungerford Leicester Mecca Norfolk Leigh Mecklenburgh Nottingham Ind Leighton Medway Ireland Leith Medwin Oldham Irwell Lewes Melbourne Olney Lincoln Milan Orleans Jerusalem Linton Milbank Oxley Jewry Litchfield Mitford Ower Jordan Littlehampton Mitcham Overton Liverpool Montgomery Oxford Keith Londesbrough Mortlake Oxon Kelso London Mullinger Kendall Lonsdale Munster Paris Kensington Lorraine Pau Kent Louth Nantes Peebles Kerry Lowthian Nassau Pembroke Kew Ludgate Nazareth Penistone Kilburn Lymington Newark Penrith Kingston Lynn Newington Peru Knightsbridge Lyons Newstead Petersfield Newport Philippi Lambeth Madeley Nice Pierrepoint Lancashire Maidenhead Niger Pinner Lancaster Madeira Nile Poland FHOM LOCALITIES. 161 Polehampton Salisbury Stepney Tee Pontefract Sandbach Stirling Teesdale Poole Sandhurst Stockbridge Tenby Portsmouth Scarborough Stockdale Teviotdale Preston Scotland Stockholm Tewkesbury Prestwich Selkirk Stockton Tideswell Putney Sevenoaks Stockwell Tilbury Severn Stoneham Titherley Radnor Seville Stonehenge Toothill Ramsay Shadwell Stratford Tottenham Ratcliffe Shanklin Stratton Tours Reading Shannon Stroud Trent Repton Sheffield Styx Trowbridge Rhodes Sherborne Sudbury Troy Rhone Shields Suffield Tunbrid Richmond Shirley Suffolk Tweed Ringwood Shrewsbury Sunderland Twyford Rochester Sicily Surrey Tyne Rome Sidney Sussex Tyre Romsey Slough Sutherland Ross Smethurst Button Ugley Rotherham Smithfield Swan wick TTpham Rouen Snowdon Swindon "Upton Roxburgh Solway Sweden Royston Somerset Sydenham Wakefield Rumsey Spalding Wallington Rutland Spain Tarbock Wallop Ryde Stafford Taunton Wales Rye Stamford Tay Walsingham T 162 FROM LOCALITIES. Waltham Wells ' Wickham Wye Walton Westmoreland Wigan "Wapping Weston Wilton Yentnor "Ware Westhury Wiltshire "Wareham Westminster Winchester Yarhorough Warrington Weymouth Windsor Yarmouth Warwick Whitby Winton Yarrow Warwickshire Whitchnrch Woodley Yarwood Washington Whitehall Woolston York Watford Whitfield Woolwich Wellington Whitney Worcester Zion Wellow Wick Worth 163 VIRTUES, VICES, ATTRIBUTES, AND CONDITIONS. Anger Courage Forecast Awe Craft Foresight All-worth (Morecraft) Freedom Allsin Friendship Alldread Danger Fright Alone Death Fury Aloof Dearth Astray Debt Gallantry Delight Grace Bliss Doubt Greed Bondage Dudgeon Grief Bounty Drought Guile Bravery Harm Faith Hatred Caprice Faithful Honour Care Fancy Hope Cheere Fear (Courthope) Charity (Littlefear) Hopeless Comfort Folly Hunger Content Force Concete (Dullforce) Joy 164 VIRTUES, VICES, ATTRIBUTES, AND CONDITIONS. Justice Pluck Vanity Power Verity Kindness Pride Vigor Prudence Vice Liberty Virtue Life Rancour Lorn Best "Want Love Eight Weal Loveless Welfare Silence Witt Memory Severance Wisdom Mercy Sleep Witcraft Might Slumber Wonder Odium Patience Solace Spite Strength Worry Worship Worth Peace Thirst Wrath PeriU Troth (Stillwrath) Pitty Trust Plenty Truth Zeal 165 NAMES REPRESENTED BY PARTICIPLES. I. ACTIVE OB PKESENT. Asking Breathing Cording Easing Ayling Breeding Corking Brewing Cowing Fabling Balling Brisling Crying Fanning Banning Brooking Culling Farming Basting Brooming Curling Fasting Bailing Browing Cutting Fearing Batting Budding Feasting Beating Bunning Daring Fiddling Bedding Burning Darking Fielding Beeching Bussing Dealing Filling Bending Dealing Finding Bidding Canning Dewing Firing Billing Casting Dining Flaming Binding Caulking Dinning Frayling Blessing Chatting Dolling Fuelling Blowing Chipping Downing Boiling Chopping Dowsing Gambling Boning Clouting Dressing Getting Bookholding Coling Dunning Gilding Bowering Codling Dusting Glading Bowling Cooling Going 166 PARTICIPLES. Girling Keeling Milling Pointing Golding Keeping Missing Puckering Gooding Killing Moiling Pulling Goring Knapping Mooring Purling Gunning Moulding Pushing Greening Jobbing Growing Jutting Nestling Reading Gribbin Netting Ridding Laming Nodding Riding Hacking Lamping Nooning Rising Hailing Lapping Nutting Rolling Handling Larking Rounding Harding Laughing Olding Rushing Harrowing Leaning Outing Harting Learning Owing Salting Hatting Lining Saving Hawking Living Painting Scoffing Heading Locking Paling Scolding Healing Lording Palling Schooling Hearing Loving Panting Scudding Hemming Parting Selling Hitching Making Patching Shipping Holding Manning Pealing Shorting Hooking Mannering Peeling Sickling Hopping Marking Penning Sketching Horning Maudling Picking Skimming Howling Mealing Pilling Snowing Hunting Meeking Pinching Spearing Hutting Messing Pitting Speeding PARTICIPLES. 167 Spelling Swadling Topping Warning Spiking Swearing Trimming Warring Spilling Sweating Trusting Watering Spinning Sweeting Tumbling Wearing Spiring Swilling Turning Weaving Sprawling Tutching Weeding Spurling Tapping Twining Welding Standing Tarring Whaling Staring Telling Tearing Wheeling Stilling Thorning Whiffing Stopping Tilling Wadling Whiting Stradling Tinkling Wailing Willing Stubbing Tinning Walling Winning Suckling Tipping Waiting Wooding Toping Walking 168 NAMES REPRESENTED JBY PARTICIPLES. II. PASSIVE Oft PAST. Been Given Spelt Bent Graven Strick Bitten Girt Stricken Blessed Smit Blest Heard Sent Born Hidden Sworn Built Held Sodden Broke Hitt Sunken Hurt Struck Caught Strode Cast Laid Shone Clad Laidlow Shutt Clipped Lent Lost Trodden Done Trusted Fallen Molten Torn Feared Made Took Found Fought Freed Prest "Weltered "Withered Rode "Writt Gott Roughened "Worn 169 COMPOUNDS OF VERB AND ADVERB TERMINATING IN WELL." Back well Bagwell Bakewell Banwell Barwell Beardwell Bed well Bidwell Boxwell Buswell Bracewell Breakwell Brookwell Callwell Cantwell Capwell Cardwell Chatwell Conwell Cordwell Coverwell Dingwell Dowell Dug well Dtmwell Eatwell Fallwell Farewell Fellwell Fretwell Friswell Fulwell Gamewell Groundwell Hackwell Hatchwell Hedgwell Hinderwell Holdwell Hopewell Hopwell Kidwell Leapingwell Ledwell Livewell Lovewell Lugwell Manwell Markwell Meanwell Mixwell Motherwell Mulwell w 170 TERMINATIONS IN " WELL.' Peckwell Sandwell Trade-well Pick-well Sangwell Treadwell Pin-well Saywell Trimwell Plead-well Searchwell Tuckwell Poppingwell Shewell Tugwell Presswell Sinkwell Tunwell SitweU Ranrwell Sortwell WaitweU Eanwell Standwell "Warmwell Bern-well Stowell "Watchingwell Ringwell Wearwell Rodwell Time-well 171 VERBS IN THE IMPERATIVE. Argue Attack Amend Ask Amass Budge Backoff Backup Bearon Banter Bicker Brag Bawle Breed Boast Buss Blush Begin Blench Bleach Burnish Bind Bound Breake Blow Bang Buffet Belch Blunder Bask Browse Bide Banish Butup Borrow Beg Bother Call Coo Cry Croake Carry Convey Cruise Chase Cutforth Cutright Cleave Carve Crush Crowd Crouch Cumber Curdle Crackle Crack Clash Chuck Check Clench Canter DaUy Delay Dodge Double Dissent Devise Distil Dye Drawwater Drink Doubtfire Digwind 172 VERBS IN THE IMPERATIVE. Dance Dare DI gg Dibble Down Dive Drown Doo Dun Drudge Drabble Eat End Espy Excell Err Fuss Flurry Funke Fidget Fast Fill Foyster Fatten Fly Flee Flutter Float Fix Fling Flay Flatten Frisk Flit Flagg Fayle Fry Frizzle Flame Flare Flush Furnish Forth Gad Gabb Gossip Giggle Greet Grieve Growl Grumble Gape Gotobed Gofirst Golightly Gaze Gush Glide Guess Go Goforth Goin (Ingo) Grow Get Gather Govern Gingle Hie Hence Haste Halt Hush Heed Hark Hear Hold Holdup Holdback Handforth Hinder Huddle Howl Help Hunt Hide Hire Hack Hug Hum Hurl Hurlstone VERBS IN THE IMPERATIVE. 173 Heap Hookaway Inskip Ingoe Import Jest Jingle-Jingle Jump Kiss Knock Kick Kindle Kill (Okill) Kilbride Kilboy Kilmaster Kilmany List Look Leap Linger Lull Let Lay Lye Lick Lash Loose Labour Lightup Mourn Moan Mowl Maunder Mock Mutter Muddle Madden Mark Markquick Marvell Mourn Mention Moulder Nabb Nestle ^Newbegin Offer Ogle Omit Obey Outwin Ponder Pardon Pray Praise Pause Please Pester Pander Peer Peep Puff Pout Play Pinch Pinchanl Pierce 174 VERBS IN THE IMPERATIVE. Perk Poke Plot Peddle Pick Pickover Pickup Pointon Pass Pay Pull Putt Prowl Pop Pounce Prance Question Quibell Quiggle Quirk Quash Quell Quarrell Race Revell Rackett Rest Rally Rouse Ride Rush Rattle Rate Rant Rave Read Reason Revere Reveal Row Rumage Rumble Reach Renew Recur Remand Reside Rapp Rip Rust Rubb Reap Roak Raffle Robb Render Register Stay Stop Saunter Shuffle Sipp Suck Swigg Swallow Say Speak Sing Shout Smite Strike Stab Slay Stripp Stretch Stare Sleep Stickle Stutter Simper Smirke Shram Scorch Shrivell Sweat Search Searchwell Shave Shaveall Sign Sully Swindle Shuffell SitweU Standback Strutt Strutton Stamp Swash Swear Screech VEKBS IN THE IMPERATIVE. 175 Swing Sting Swell Spread Stirup Start Startup Speed Sever Shatter Sweeten Shrive Show Shaft Shove Spirt Step Stand Slide Slip Strain Stray Scratchard Talk Tittle Tattle Twaddle Tarry Trot Tripp Travel Twist Thrustout Thrash Trounce Tingle Tremble Tickle Tweedle Titter Totter Topple Trundle Touch Tick Trace Troll Try Tryon Triukle Trick Trammel "Unite Vow Vent Wake Wash Worship Wish Wait Wander Wade Waddle Walk Walklate Winkup Whistle Worry Wail Wherrit Whimpei Watch Write Work Winn Winslow Workall Wear Weld Wring Wrench Wallow 176 INTERROGATIONS AND EJACULATIONS. Hast '? How ? Howman ? Howlong ? Dost? Durst? Hey? Must? Wilt? Why?. When? Whenco? Whither? "Where? Whereat? Whatman ? Whenman ? Whyman ? Lo ! Alas ! Heigho ! Heyday ! Goodnow ! Godso ! List! Hush! Whish! Pish! Nay ! Nbe ! Yea ! Fudge! Bosh! Pugh! Heugh! Fye ! Tutt ! Ahem ! Goodday! Goodeve ! Goodby! By-by ! Always And Ever Youren. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF NAME INCLUDED IN THIS COLLECTION. 179 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Aaronson Agent Allbones Alum Abadam Ages Allchin Always Abba Agness Allcoat Amass Abbey Ague Allday Amaziah Abbot Ahem Alldread Amazon Abel Aikman Allendale Ambleman Aber Ailman AUey Ambler Able Air Allfree Ambrose Abraham Airey Allgood Ambush Abrahamson Ajax Allick Amber Absalom Akin Allies Amend Abson Alabaster Ailman Amesbury Ace Alas Allmen Amey Ache Albert Allpenny Ammon Achilles Albion Allshorn Amner Ackerman Aldebert Allsin Amos Acorn Alder Allsobrook Amour Acre Alderman Allsop Ampleman Acrcman Aldred Allwater Anakin Adam Ale Allwood Anchor Adamson Alefounder Allworth Ancient Addlehead Alehouse Almond And Addyman Aleman Aloe Andrew Adolph Alex Alone Angel Adolphus Alexander Aloof Angelo Adrian Alfred Alp Anger Adult Allbright Alpine Angle Agar Alice Alt Angleman Agate Allan Altar Angler Age Allanson Alton Anglesea 180 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Anguish Armfield Attack Bad Ann Armorer Atwater Badder Annals Armour Augre Baden Annison Armoury Augur Badge Ansel me Arms August Badger Anson Armson Aukland Badham Ante Armstrong Auld Badland Anthem Arnold Austin Badlie Anthony Arrow Author B adman Antler Arrowroot Avis Bagg Anvil Arrowsmith Awe Bagwell Ape Arthur Awkward Bailiff Apostles Artist Awl Bairn Apothecary Arundel Axe Bairnsfather Apple Ascherson Axel Bake Applebee Ash Axman Baker Appleby Ashburner Ayling Bakewell Applejohn Ashcroft Balaam Appleman Asher Bald Appletree Ashes Baalim Baldchin Appleyard Ashfield Babe Baldgrave April Ashford Babell Baldhead Apter Ashley Babler Bale Arabella Ashman Baby BalkwiU Arabian Ashplant Bacchus Ball Arch Ashpole Bachelor Ballad Archbold Ask Back Ballance Archdale Asker Backer Balling Archdeacon Askew Backerman BaUs Archer Asking Backhouse Balm Archibald Asma Backman Balmer Ardent Asp Backoff Balsam Argent Aspen Backstall Balthasar Argue Aspey Backtrout Baltic Argyle Ass Backup Bampton Ariel Asser Backway Band Aries Assman Backwell Bandman Arkwright Astray Bacon Bandy ALPHABETICAL LIST. 181 Bane Barr Bavin Bedlock Bang Barrack Bawle Bedman Bangor Barrel Bawler Bedwell Banish Barrow Bay Bee Banister Bartholomew Bayfield Beebee Bank Bartley Beach Beech Banker Baruchson Beachman Beeching Banner Barwell Beacon Beef Banner-man Base Bead Beeman Banning Baseley Beadle Been Bantam Basil Beadman Beer Banter Bask Beagle Beet Banwell Baskett Beam Beetle Baptist Baskeyfield Beams Beg Barbary Basnett Bean Beggar Barber Bason Beanland Begin Bard Bass Beans Belch Bare Basstone Bear Beldam Barebone Bastard Bearcroft Belfield Barefoot Basting Beard Bell Barehead Batch Beardwell Bellchamber Barge Bateman Bearman Bellchristopher- Bark Bath Bearon Bellgrovel> on Barker Bathcake Bearpark Bellhanger Barley Bather Beaters Bellhouse Barleyman Batling Beating Bellman Barlicorn Batman Beatman Bellow Barmaid Batt Beatson Bellows Barman Batten Beaulieu Bellringer Barnacle Batter Beauman Belly Barndollar Batterbee Beautyman Belovly Barnes Batterman Beaver Belson Barnet Battery Bed Belt Barnewall Batting Bedale Belts Barnfield Battle Bedbug Bench Barns Batts Bedding Bending Barnstaple Batup Bedford Benjamin Baron Bavarian Bedingfield Benn 182 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Bennie Biggerstaff Blabey Blanket Benskin Biggin Black Blankman Benson Bigland Blackadder Blast Bent Bigman Blackall Bleach Bentall Bigot Blackband Bleak Bentlow Bigwood Blackboard Bleakley Berks Bilke Blackbee Bleakman Berkshire Bill Blackbird Blear Berlin Billet Blackborn Blench Bernard Billett Black brow Blessed Berry Billing Blackburn Blessing Berryman Billison Blacker Blest Bertie Billman Blackford Blight Bertram. Billow Blackgrove Blind Bertrand Billows Blackie Blinker Berwick Billy Blackley Bliss Besom Bin Blacklock Blithe Bessey Bind Blackman Block Bethel Binding Blackmonster Blond Betkin Birch Blackstone Blood Betson Birchenough Black tin Bloodgood Betteridge Birchfield Blackwall Bloom Bettison Birchwood Blackwell Blooming Betty Bird Blackwood Blossom Bewick Birdland Blade Blot Bewley Birdseye Blades Blow Bibb Birdwhistle Bladder Blower Bibby Birdwood Blain Blowing Bible Birmingham Blakhat Blue Bicker Births Blanch Blueman Bidding Bisbrown Blanche Bluer Biddy Bishop Blanchfield Blues Bide Bishoprick Blanchflower Blunder Bidwell Bissick Bland Blush Bier Bitch Blandford Blythman Biffin Bitten Blandthom Boa Big Bitter Blandy Board Bigger Bitterwolf Blank Boarder ALPHABETICAL LIST. 183 Boardman Bone Bosom Boy man Boare Boney Boss Boyson Boast Bonfellow Boston Brabant Boat Bonhote Boteler Brace Boate Boning Bother Bracebridge Boatman Bonnemot Botley Bracegirdle Boatright Bonnet Bottle Bracewell Boatswain Bonney Bottom Bracken Boatwright Bonniface Bough Bracket Boa/ Bonnyface Boughtwood Brad Bobb Bonnyman Boulder Bradburn Bobby Bonsall Boulderstone Bradford Bobkin Bonson Boulter Brading Boddyce Bonus Bouncer Brae Bodger Book Bound Brag Bodily Bookbinder Bounty Bragger Bodkin Bookholding Bouquet Braid Bodman Bookless Bourne Brain Body Bookstore Bow Brake Bodycoat Booky Bowditch Brakeman Bodycot Boom Bowell Brakspear Bogg Boon Bower Bramah Bogman Boor Bowerbank Bramble Bgy Boorman Bowering Bran Bohemia Booser Bowerman Branch Boil Boosy Bowhm Branchflower Boiling Boot Bowl Brand Bold Booth Bowler Brander Bolder Boothman Bowling Brandewyne Bolderson Booty Bowls Brandy Boles Bootyman Bowmaker Brass Bolster Bore Bowman Brassey Bolt Borer Box Bratt Bolter Born Boxer Brave Bolton Borrow Boxwell Bravery Bolus Borrower Boy Brawn Bond Borrowman Boycott Bray Bondage Bosh- Boyland Brayman 184 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Brazendale Bridgewater Broadwood Brunt Brazier Bridge wood Broady Brush Brazil Brief Brocknian Brushfield Breach Brier Broke Buck Bread Brigg Brokenbrow Bucket Breake Bright Brompton Buckingham Breaker Brightland Brook Buckland Breakers Brightley Brookhouse Buckle Breakson Brightman Brooking Buckler Breakwell Brighton Brookman Buckman Bream Brightwine Brooksbank Budd Breathing Brigman Brookwell Budding Bredcake BriU Broom Budge Breed Brim Broom field Budget Breeding Brine Broomhead Buff Breeks Brink Brooming Buffet Breeze Brinkman Brother Buffey Breton Brisk Brotherhood Bug Brew Brisling Brother son Bugbird Brewer Bristol Browfield Buglehorn Brewing Brittain Browing Bugler Briarcliff Brittle Brown Builder Briber Brittlehank Brownbill Built Brick Britton Brownfield Bull Brickdale Brixton Brownfoot Bulky Brickland Broad Browujohn Bullet Brickman Broadbelt Brownly Bulley Bridal Broadbridge Brownnutt Bullfinch Bride Broadfoot Brownsmith Bullion Bridecake Broadhead Brownson Bullman Bridegroom Broadhurst Browse BuUock Bridel Broadley Broughton Bullpitt Bridge Broadrib Brouse Bun Bridgeford Broadrick Bruff Bunch Bridgehouse Broadsack Bruffy Bundle Bridgeman Broadstick Bruges Bunney Bridget Broadwater Bruin Bunning Bridgett Broadway Bruise Bunting ALPHABETICAL LIST. 185 Bunyon Buxton Camomile Cargo Burgess Buyer Camp Carlisle Burley Buzzard Campanile Carman Burlison Buzzv Cana Carnaga Bur man By-by Canary Carp Burn Bygate Candle Carpenter Burnham Byrdie Candy Carol Burning Bysouth Cane Carriage Burningham Bywater Cann Carrie Burnish Byway Canning Carrier Burnmaa Cannister Garrison Burnside Cannon Carrol Burr Cabbage Cannot Carrot Burrow Cable Canny Carry Burslem Cad Canser Carstairs Burton Caddy Cant arteU Bury Cadett Canton Carter Busby Cadge Canter Cartland Bush Cadman Canterbury Cartledge Bushell Csesar Cantey Cartman Buskin Caffre Cantwell Cartoon Buss Cage Cap Cartridge Bussing Cain Cape Cartwright Bussman Cake Capelace Carve Bust Cakebread Caper Carver Bustard Caleb Capon Case Buswell Calf Caprice Casement Busy Call Capwell Cash Butcher Callander Carbines Cashdollar Butiman Callender Carbon Casher Butt Caller Card Cashman Butter Callman Cardiff Cashmere Butterfield Callwell Cardinal Cashmore Butterfly Calvary Cardwell Cask Butterman Cam Care Caskv Buttery Cambridge Careful Cast" Button Camel Careless Castbolt Buttress Cainfield Caress Caste 186 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Castile Challenger Cheater Chipping Casting Challice Check Chisell Castle Chamberlain Cheek Chiswick Castleman Chambers Cheer Chitson Castor Champagne Cheers Choice Cat Champion Cheery Chopping Catch Chance Cheese Christ Catchiside Chandler Cheeseman Christal Catchlove Channel Cheesewright Christian Cater Chant Cheltenham Christiansen Caterer Chanter Cherry Christie Catherine Chantrey Cherryman Christmas Cato Chap Cheshire Christopher Cattle Chapel Chesnut Christopherson Caudle Chapman Chess Chrystal Caught Chard Chessman Chubb Caul Charge Chest Chuck Caulk Charie Chester Chum Caulking Charity Chesterfield Church Cavalier Charles Chesterman Churchill Cave Charley Chevalier Churchland Caw Charlick Chew Churchman Cecil Charlotte Chichester Churchyard Cedar Charlson Chicken Churley Ceider Charman Child Churlish Cent Charmer Childish Cipher Centlivre Chart Children Citizen Centurion Chartman Chill Citron Chafer Chase Chillmaid City Chafey Chatell Chillman Civil Chaffer Chatfield Chilly Clack Chaffinch Chatman Chimney Clad Chaffy Chattey Chin Clamp Chain Chatting China Clan Chaine Chatwell Chine Clapham Chair Chaunter Chinkscales Clara Chalk Cheap Chipman Clare Challenge Cheat Chipp Claremont ALPHABETICAL LIST. 187 Claret Clouting Coldtart Constantine Clark Cloutman Coleman Consul Clash Clover Coleridge Content Clasp Cloverdale Colin Convey Clasper Cloves Coling Convoy Class Clubb Collar Conway Claw Clyde Collarbone Conwell Clay Clydesdale College Coo Clayhill Coachman Colley Cook Clean Coalbank Collick Cookman Clear Coalman Collier Cookson Clearson Coals Collingbourne Coolbreath Cleave Coast Collinson Cooley Cleaveland Coate Collorick Cooling Cleaver Coatman Colt Coon Clemence Cobb Coltman Coope Clement Cobbledick Columbine Cooper Clementson Cock Combe Coote Clemie Cockaday Combs Cope Clemson Cockayne Comely Coper Clench Cockcroft Comer Copper Clever Cockeye Comet Copperwheat Cleverley Cockle Comfort Cord Clew Cockney Commander Corderoy Cliff Codd Common Cording Climber Coddle Con Core Clinger Codger Concete Cork Clinker Codling Conduit Corker Clipped Coffee Cone Corkey Cloak Coffin Coney Corkhill Clodd Coil Connaught Corking Clogg Coke Conquer Corkman Close Colchester Conqueror Corn Closer Cold Conquest Cornall Clothier Colder Conscience Cornbloom Cloud Coldham Constable Cornelius Cloudman Goldman Constance Corneliuson Clout Coldstream Constant Corner 188 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Cornet Courtier Cravat Crossfield Corney Courtley Craven Crossland Cornfield Courtman Crate Crossley Cornfoot Cousin Craw Grossman Cornish Cove Crawley Crouch Cornman Coventry Cray Croucher Corns Cover Craze Crouchie Cornwall Covert Cream Croup Cornyfoot Coverwell Crease Crow Corps Covey Creasy Crowd Corpse Cow Creed Crowfoot Cosey Coward Creek Crown Cossack Cowdell Creelman Croydon Costiff Cowherd Creeper Crucifix Costlove Cowhorn Cress Crude Costlow Cowing Crew Cruikshanks Costly Cowking Crewdson Cruise Cott Cowl Cribb Crumb Cottage Cowland C rich ton Crumby Cotter Cowman Crick Grumpier Cotman Coxen Cricket Cruse Cotton Coy Crimp Crush Couch Crab Crimson Cruso Couchman Crabtree Cripple Crust Coulter Crack Crisp Crutch Councillor Crackbone Crispin Crux Counsell Crackle Croak Cry Counsellor Cracknell Croaker Cryer Count Craft Crock Crying Counter Craggey Crocker Cubby Countess Craig Crochet Cube County Craighead Croft Cubitt Couplet Crake Crone Cuckoo Courage Cram Crook Cudd Courser Cramp Crop Cue Court Crane Cropp Cuff Courter Craney Cropper Cufman Courthope Crank Cross Cullender ALPHABETICAL LIST. 189 Culling Dab Darbyshire Death Culm Dace Dare Debonnaire Cumber Dadd Daring Debt Cumberbatch Daddy Dark Decent Cumberland Dadson Darkely Deck Cunning Daft Darker Dee Cupp Dafter Darkford Deeprose Cupper Dagger Darking Deer Curate Dagobert Darkman Delay Curd Daily Darley Delf Curdle Dainty Dart Delia Curdy Dairy Darwent Delicate Curius Dais Date Delight Curl Daisy Dauber Dell Curling Dale Daughters Delves Curly Dally David Demon Curr Dalston Davidson Denbigh Currant Dam Davie Denman Curry Damask Davison Denmark Curtain Dames Davy Denn Cushion Damon Daw Derby Custard Damp Dawn Derry Cutbeard Damper Day Derwent Cutbush Damsell Daybel Desert Cute Damson Dayking Deuce Cutfish Dan , Dayman Devil Cutforth Dance Deacon Devise Cuthbert Dancer Deadman Devon Cuthbertson Dancy Deal Devonport Cutler Dandelion Dealing Devonshire Cutlove Dandy Dean Dew Cutmutton Dane Dear Dewing Cutright Danger Dearbird Dewy Cutter Dangerfield Dearborn Dial Cutting Daniel Dearing Dialogue Cutts Danson Dearlove Diamond Cygnet Daphne Dearman Diaper Darby Dearth Dibble 190 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Dibden Divine Dove Drinkmilk Dick Dobinson Dover Drinkwater Dickie Doctor Dovey Dripp Dickman Dodge Dowater Driver Dicksee Doe Dowd Droll Dickson Doggrell Dowdy Droop Dieppe Dogood DoweLL Dropsie Diet Doleman Dower Drought Dietman DoU Dowman Drover Dieu Dollar Down Drown Digg Dolling Downing Drudge Digger Dollman Downman Drum Diggory DoUy Downs Drummer Dig man Dolphin Down ton Dry Digweed Dolt Downward Dryden Digwind Doman Downy Dryhurst Dilly Dominic Dowsing Dryland Dimmer Don Dozy Drysdale Dimply Donald Drabble Dryson Dine Donaldson Dragon Ducat Dingey Doncaster Drain Duck Dingle Done Drake Duckhouse Dingwell Doo Drakeford Duckling Dining DooHttle Draper Duckman Dinn Door Draught Dudgeon Dinner Doorbar Drawbridge Dudley Dirk Dorset Drawer Duel Disher Dory Drawsword Duffield Dishman Double Drawwater Dugdale Dissent Doubleday Dray Dugwell Distant Doublet Dredge Duke Distil Doubt Dresser Dulhumphry Ditchfield Doubtfire Dressing Dull Ditchman Doubty Driller Dullard Divan Douce Drink Dullforce Dive Dough Drinkard Dully Diver Doughty Drinkdregs Dulson Dives Douglas Drinker Dumbell ALPHABETICAL LIST. 191 Dumby Earl Edinburgh Emm Dumplin Early Edmondson Emmett Dumsday Ears Edmund Emson Dun Earsman Edom End Dunbar Earth Edwards Enfield Duncalf Earthy Edwardson Englander Duncanson Earwaker Edwin English Dunce Earwhisper Eel Enoch Dunderdale Earwiger Egg Enough Dunman Easel Eggbeer Ensor Dunmore Easing Eglantine Erasmus Dunn East Ego Eric k son Dunner Eastoott Eighteen Erith Dunning Easter Eland Ermine Dunstan Easterbrook Elbow Ernest Dunster Easterday Eld Err Dunwell Eastern Elder Esaias Dupe Eastgate Elderfield Esau Duplex Eastham Eldric Espy Durley Eastlake Element Essence Dusky Eastley Elephant Essex Dust Eastman Eli Ethel Dusting Eastwood Elias Ether Dutch Easty Elisha Etty Duty Easy Eliza Eustace Dux Eat Elk Eva Dye Eaton Elkanah Evason Dyehouse Eatwell Ell Eve Dyer Eaves Ellen Evelyn Dyke Ebbs Ellison Even V Eck Ellman Ever Eddy Elm Everard Eadenfield Eden Elve Evergreen Eager Edenborough Ely Everhard Eagle Edgar Emanuel Every Eaglesfield Edge Ember Eveson Earheart Edgelow Emblem Evett Earing Edgeman Embley Evill 192 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Evilthrift Fall Fern Fitman Evyeart Fallen Ferret Fitness Ewe Fallows Ferry Fitt Ewer Famin Ferryman Fitter Exactly Fancy Fester Flag Excell Fane Fetter Flambard Exeter Fann Fetterman Flashman Exley Fantom Fever Flat Ezra Faraday Feveryear Flatley Fare Fiddler Flatman Farefowl Field Flatter Face Farina Fifer Flaxman Pacer Farman Fig Flea Fagg Farmer Filbert Fleeman Fagots Farrier Filcher Fleet Faint Fast File Fleming Fair Faster Fileman Fleshman Fairbairn Fat Fill Fletcher Fairbeard Father Fillpot Flighty Fairbone Fatherly Filter Flint Fairborn Fatman Final Flippant Fairbrother Fatty Finch Flirt Fairchild Faultless Fine Flock Faircloth Fawns Finer Flood Fairday Feared Fingers Floodgate Fairer Feary Finn Florick Fairest Feast Finney Flory Fairfeather Feaster Firebrass Floss Fairfoot Feather Firebrick Flounders Fairhead Feathers Fireside Flowerday Fairland Featherstone Finn Flowerdew Fairless Fell Firman Flowers Fairley Fellow Firmstone Flue Fairman Felon Fish Fluker Fair may den Fence Fisher Fluter Fairy Fender Fishline Flux Faithful Fenn Fists Fly Falconer Fennel Fit Flyer ALPHABETICAL LIST. 193 Foale Frater Fulfitt Galloway Fodder Free Fulham Gallows Fogey Freebody Full Gal way Fold Freeborn Fullborn Gambier Font Freeborough Fuller Gambler Food Freebout Fullilove Gambling Foot Freed Fullman Game Footman Freedman Fullolove Gamester Fop Freeguard Fulsom Game well Forcer Freeland Funkey Gammon Ford Freelove Funnel Gander Forehead Freely Fur Gang Foreigner Freeman Furbisher Gape Foreman Freer Furnace Gapp Forest Freestone Furze Gapper Forge Freezer Fussey Garde Forger Fresh Garden Forke Fresher Gardener Forker Freshwater Gabb Garland Forrester Fretter Gable Garlick Fort Friar Gabriel Garment Fortyman Friday Gad Garner Forward Friend Gadman Garnett Foss Friendly Gadson Garnish Fought Frieze Gael Garret Foulfoot Fright Gaffer Garrison. Found Frill Gailer Garter Foundling Friskey Gailey Gash Fountain Frisly Gainer Gasman Fowle Frith Gaiter Gasper Fowler Frog Gale Gass Fox Frostman Galilee Gate Frail Froth Gall Gatehawk Frame Froward Gallant Gatesman Frank Fry Gallantry Gath Franker Fryman Gallery Gather Frankish Fudger Galley Gatheral Frankland Fuel GaUon Gatherless 194 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Gauge Gideon Gladwish Gold Gaul Gift Glasgow Goldbeater Gaunt Gig Glasier Golden Gauntlett Giggle Glaspool Goldfinch Gawke Gilbert Glass Goldfinger Gay Gilbertson Glassey Goldhawk Gayer Gilder Glassway Golding Gaze Gildersleeves Glastonbury Goldman Gazelle Gilding Glazebrook Goldring Gazey Gilead Glazier Goldseller Gear Giles Glee Goldsmith Gelding Gill Gleeson Goldstone Gem Gilley Glen Goldstraw Gentry Gilliflower Glide Goldwater Geoffrey Gillingham Gloster Golightly George Gillman Glover Goman Georgeson Gillson Glue Good Gender Gilt Go Goodacre Gent Gimblet Goad Goodair Gentile Gimson Goate Goodale Gentle Gin Goatman Goodall Gentlebrown Ginger Gobble Goodbairn Gentleman Gingle Goblet Goodbarn Gentles Ginman God Goodbeer Gerkin Ginn Godhead Goodbody German Gipsey Godliman Goodborn Germany Girdler Godly Goodboya Gerrard Girl Godman Goodbun Get Girling Godsall Goodby Getting Girt Godso Goodchild Gettman Given Godson Goodday Ghost Glad Godspenny Goodear Ghostey Gladder Goer Goodenough Gibbery Gladdish Gofirst Goodeve Gibby Glading Goforth Goodfellow Gibes Gladman Gogaday Goodford Giblet Gladson Goin Goodgroom Giddy Gladstone Going Goodhand ALPHABETICAL LIST. 195 Goodhead Gossip Greatbatch Greenwell Goodheart Goth Greatbattle Greenwood Goodier Gotobed Greathead Greeny Gooding Gott Greatley Greet Goodjohn Goudge Greatpenny Greg Good lad Gouger Greatrex Gregory Goodlake Gourd Greed Gregson Goodland Gout Greedy Grentham Goodlass Govern Greek Grey Goodley Governor Green Greygoose Goodluck Gowan Greenacre Greyman Goodman Gowne Greenbank Greyson Goodmanson Grabby Greenberry Gribbin Goodnow Grace Greener Grief Goodram Gracy Greenfell Grieve Goodrich Grainge Greenfield Grieveson Goodrick Grains Greengrass Griffin Goodridge Grand Greenhead Grigg Goodrum Grandchild Greenhill Grill Goodsheep Grandedge Greenholt Grimditch Goodship Grandwater Greenhorn Grimley Goodsir Grandy Greenhouse Grimm Goodson Grape Greening Grimmer Goodway Grass Greenish Grimson Goodwill Grates Greenland Grimwood Goodwine Grave Greenleaf Grindall Goody Gravel Greenleas Grinder Goodyear Gravely Greenley Gripe Goose Gravelly Greenly Gripper Gooseman Graven Greenman Grist Goosey Graver Greenock Gristy Gore Graveson Greens Gritt Gorge Gravestone Greensides Grizzel Goring Gravy Greensmith Groat Gorse Grayling Greenson Groom Gory Grayson Greenstreet Gross Goshawk Graze Greentree Grosser Gosling Grazier Greenway Grossman 196 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Ground Gush Halfsides Hannah Groundsell Gust Halfyard Hannibal Groundwater Gut Halifax Hansombody Groundwell Gutman Halkin Hanwell Group Gutter Hall Happy Grouse Gutterman Hallbower Harbour Grout Gutterson Hallgreen Hard Grove Guttery Hallhouse Hardacre Grow Guy Hallmark Hardt-gg Growing Hallowbread Harder Growl Halloween Hardham Grubb Halman Harding Grumble Habakuck Halson Hardman Grumm Hack Halt Hardmeat Grumman Hackblock Halter Hardstaff Guard Hacking Ham Hardware Gudgeon Hackman Hambro' Hardwedge Guernsey Hackney Hamfield Hardy Guess Hackwell Hamilton Hardyear Guest Hackwood Hamlet Harclyman Guide Haddock Hammer Hare Guider Had] and Hammerer Harefoot Guild Hag Hammerman Hark Guildford Hagar Hammock Harlow Guile Haggard Hamper Harm Guily Haggis Hampshire Harm an Guinea Hague Hampstead Harmony Gull Hail Hampton Harness Gullet Hailing Handfield Harp Gulley Hailstone Handforth Harper Gully Hair Handle Harriott Gum Halbert Handling Harrison Gumboil Hale Handright Harrold Gun Half Hands Harrow Gunner Halfacre Handy Harrower Gunnery Halfhead Handysides Harrowing Gunning Halfknight Hanger Harry Gurnett Halfpenny Hankinson Harryman ALPHABETIC AX LIST. 197 Hart Hayman Heather Henman Harting Hayward Heathman Henry Hartman Hazard Heaven Herald Hartridge Haze Heaver Herbage Hartshorn Hazel Heavertuan Herbert Harvest Hazelgrove Heavy Herbertson Hasland Hazelwood Heavyeye Herd Hasleden Hazeman Heavy sides Herdsman Hassock Hazeon Heber Hereford Hast Head Hebron Hereman Haste Headache Hector Heritage Hastie Heading Hedge Hermitage Hastings Headland Hedgeland Hermon Hatch Headman Hedgeman Hero Hatchett Heady Hedger Herod Hatchman Healing Hedgwell Heron Hatchwell Heap Heed Herring Hatfull Heaps Heel Hesse Hathaway Heapy Heifer Hessian Hatred Hear Heigho Hester Hatt Heard Height Heugh Hatter Hearfield 'Heir Hewer Hatting Hearing Held Hewitson Haughty Hearse Hell Hewson Haven Hearson Hellen Hey Havenhand Heart Hellman Heyday Hawk Heartfield Helm Hezekiah Hawker Heartfree Help Hiccup Hawkhead Hearth Helper Hickman Hawking Hearthfield Helpman Hidden Haws Heartless Heman Hiddman Hawthorn Hearty Hemmer Hide Hawtree Heaseman Hemming Hider Hay Heat Hemp Hie Haycock Heater Hen High Hayfield Heath Hence Highish Hayford Heathcock Henceman Highland Hayland Heathcott Henchman Highman 198 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Highway Hodgman Holtman Hopwell High-wood Hodgson Holy Horn Hildebrand Hodsman Holyland Hornblower Hill Hoe Hol^oak Hornbuckle Hillhouse Hoer Homan Hornett Hillman Hog Home Horniman Hillock Hogmire Homer Horning Hilt Hogsflesh Homewood Hornman. Hind Hogsmouth Hone Hornsey Hinder Holborn Honour Homy Hinderer Hold Honey Horrid Hinderwell Holdback Honeybone Horsecroffc Hindman Holder Honeybun Horseman Hinge Holdgate Honeycomb Horsenail Hint Holding Honeyfield Horsepool Hinxman Holdman Honeyford Horseshoe Hip Holdship Honeyman Horsham Hiram Holdup Honeywood Hose Hire Holdwell Hood Hosea Hiredman Hole Hoof Hoseason Hitch Holehouse Hoofman Hosegood Hitchin Holeman Hoofnail Hosier Hitching Holeyman Hook Hosierbrook Hitchman Holiday Hookaway Hospital Hitson Holihead Hooker Host Hitt Holkham Hooking Hostage Hives HoUand Hooper Hotham Hoar Hollander Hoops Hott Hobart Hollow Hopcroffc Houghton Hobbs Holloway Hope Houndle Hobley Hollowbread Hopeingod Hounslow Hobman Hollowman Hopeless Hour Hock Hollowvine Hopewell House Hockman Hollway Hopgood Household Hodd Holly Hopman Houseman Hodge Hollyman Hopper Hovell Hodgkin Holme Hopping How Hodgkinson Holt Hopps Howick ALPHABETICAL LIST. 199 Howl Hurley Inns James Howling Hurlstone Inskip Jameson Howlong Hurry Instant Jamey Howman Hurst Ireland Jamieson Hoy Hurt Iris Jams Hubert Husband Irish Jane Huby Hush Irishman Janson Hudder Husher Iron January Huddle Husk Ironman Japheth Hue Hussey Ironmonger Jar Huffer Hustler Ironsides Jarman Hug Hutt Irwell Jasper Hugh Hutting Isaac Jay Hugman Huttman Isaacson Jaycock Hugo Hymen Isabel Jeaffreson Hulk Hymn Iscariot Jealous Hull Island Jehu Hum Isles JeUy Human lago Israel Jellyman Humber Ice Ivy Jemson Humble Icemonger Ivyleaf Jenkin Humphrey Ichabod Jenkinson Humphry son Idle Jenman Humpstone Idol Jabberer Jennison Hunchcliff Illman Jabez Jenny *} Hunchy Ills Jack Jephson Hundreds Image Jack all Jeptha Hunger Import Jackaman Jeremiah Hungerford Inch Jackett Jeremie Hunt Inchboard Jacks Jeremy Hunter Ind Jackson Jerome Hunting Ingle Jacob Jerrard Huntingfield Ingman Jacobson Jerrison Huntress Ingo Jacques Jerry Huntsman Ingrain Jael Jerusalem Hurdle Inkpen Jagged Jess Hurl Inman Jagger Jessamine Hurler Innocent Jago Jesse 200 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Jest Jugg Kerry Kirkman Jester Juicy Kettle Kirlew Jesty Jules Kew Kiss Jew Julia Key Kitchen Jewel Julian Keylock Kitchener Jewiss Julius Kick Kitchenman Jewry July Kicks Kite Jibb Jump Kidd Kitson Jingle-Jingle Jumper Kiddy Kitt Joachim June Kidman Kitten Joash Juniper Kidney Kitty Job Junk Kidwell Klingheart Jobber Just Kilboy Knapman Jobbing Juster Kilbride Knapp Jobson Justone Kilburn Knapping Joe Justice Kill Knee Joel Jutting Killer Kneebone John Killing Knell Johncock Killman Knife Johnson Kail Kilmany Knight Jolly Kaiser Kilmaster Knightley Jollyman Karl Kilt Knightsbridge Jonas Keartland Kind Knock Jonathan Keel Kinder Knocker Jordan Keeling Kindle Knower Jose Keen Kindness Knox Joseph Keep Kindred Knubley Joshua Keeper Kine Knuckles Jove Keeping King Kough Jowle Keg Kingdom Joy Keith Kingman Joyner Kelso Kingmill Laban Joynt Kendall Kingsman Labour Judah Kendrick Kingson Lace Judas Kennell Kingston Lackey Jude Kennick Kinsman Lackland Judge Kensington Kirk Lackman Judy Kent Kirkland Lad ALPHABETICAL LIST. 201 Ladle Large Lazarus Leers Lady Lark Lea Lees Lady man Larking Lead Legal Laffman Larkman Leadbeater Legate Lagon Lash Leaden Legg Laid Lass Leader Legging Laidlow Lassey Leadman Leggy Laidman Last Leaf Legless Laity Late Leah Leicester Lake Later Leak Leigh Lakeland Lath Leal Leighton Lamb Lathy Lealman Leith Lambeth Lathe Lean Leman Lambey Latimer Leander Lemon Lambkin Latter Leaning Lender Lambshead Laud Leap Lens Lame Lauder Leaper Lent Laming Laugher Leapingwell Leo Lammas Laughing Lear Leonard Lamp Laughland Learned Leopard Lamping Laundry Learner Less Lamprey Laurell Learning Lessee Lancashire Lavender Lease Lesser Lancaster Laver Leasure Lessman Lance Lavington Leather Let Lancefield Law Leather-barrel Lettice Lancet Lawless Leatherbarrow Levell Landford Lawman Leatherdale Lever Landlack Lawn Leatherhead Leveret Landless Lawrence Leatherland Levi Landlord Lawrenson Leathersole Levy Landport Lawson Ledger Lewes Landsman Lawyer Ledwell Liberty Lane Lax Lee License Langdale Lay Leech Lick Lanky Layfield Leechman Lies Lapping Layland Leeds Life Lardy Layman Leek Light A2 202 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Lightbody Littlechild L^rlge Lost Lightbound Littlecott Loft Lot Lightfoot Littledale Lofthouse Loth Lightly Littlefair Lofty Lots Lightning Littlefear Loins Loud Lightup Littlefield Lois Louis Lightwine Littlehale Lollard Louth. Like Littlehampton Londesbrough Love Likely Littlehead London Loveband Lilly Littlegoland Long Lovebond Lilly man Littlejohn Longbones Lovechild Lillywhite Littlepage Longbottom Loveday Limb Littleproud Longcake Lovefit Ximber Littler Longer oft Lovego Lincoln Littlewood Lonsdale Lovegod Linden Lively Longden Lovegood Lines Liver Longer Lovegrove Ling Liverpool Longfield Lovejoy Lingeman Livery Longmaid Lovekin Linger Livewell Longman Lovelace Lingo Living Longridge Lovelady Linguest Livingstone Longstaff Loveland Lining Livy Longstreet Loveless Link Lo Longsword Lovelock Linnet Load Longyear Loveluck Linsey Loader Look Lovely Lint Loadman Looker Loveman Linton Loam Loom Lover Lion Loan Loop Leverage Lipman Lobby Loose Levering Lipp Local Loosely Loverock Liptrapp Lock Looser Lovesy Liptrot Locker Lop Lovewell Liquorice Lockett Lord Loveys List Lockhair Lording Loving Litchfield Locking Lore Low Little Lockman Lorn Lowdell Littleboy Locust Lorraine Lowden ALPHABETICAL LIST. 203 Lower Lythe Mallet Mapp Lowish Mallison Marble Lowly Mallow March Lowman Mabb Malnoir Marcher Lowry Macbeth Malster Marcus Lowson Macduff Malt Mare Lowthian Mace Malthouse Mareschal Lowthing Machine Maltman Margerison Loyal Mackrell Man Margetson Luce Madden Manchester Margrave Luckey Made Manchin Marigold Luckman Madeira Manclark Marine Lucy Madeley Mandrake Mariner Ludgate Madge Mane Marjoram Luff Maggy Manfred Mark Luffman Magot Manful Marker Lug Magson Manger Marking Lugger Mahomed Mangey Markland Lugwell Maiden. Mangles Marklove Luke Maidenhead Manhood Markquick Lukey Maidman Manifold Marksman Lull Maile Manley Markthaler Lulman Main Manlove Mark well Lumber Maingay Manlover Marl Lumpy Mainland Mannering Marley Lunch Mainprize Manning Marlborough Lung Maize Manny Marman Lush Major Manor Maroon Lusty Makepeace Manse Marquis Lute Maker Manship Marriage Luther Making Mansion Marry Luton Malady Mantle Marrow Lye Malay Manual Mars Lymington Malbon Manus Marsdea Lynn Malcolm Manwell Marsh Lynot Malcolmson Many Marshal Lyons Male Manypenny M arson Lyteman . Mallard Maple Martin 204 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Martyr Mawman- Melbourne Middleship Marvel May Mcllodew Middleweek Mary Maybank Mellow Middlewood Maryman Maybee Mellowday Midlake Mash Mayden Melody Midlane Mashhouse Mayman Melon Midwinter Mashman May Memory Midwood Mask Mayor Menlove Might Maskery Maythorn Mention Milady Mason Mead Mercer Milan Massey Meadow Merchant Milbank Mast Meadowcroft Mercy Milde Master Meager Merridew Mildmay Master-man Meal Merriman Mildwater Masterson Mealing Merriment Mile Matcher Mean Merrison Milestone Matches Meanley Merry Milk Mate Meanwell Merry day Milksop Matilda Mearman Merryfield Mill Matlock Measel Merryman Miller Matras Measure Merryment Millgate Matron Meatman Merrymouth Millicent Matson Meats Merry weather Milliner Matterface Mecca Mess Milling Matthew Mecklenburgh Messenger Million Matthewman Medal Messiah Millman Matthewson Meddle Messing Millwaters Matthias Medlar Messman Mince Matthiason Medler Mews Miner Matthie Medley Michael Mines Mattinson Medway Michaelson Minion Mattison Medwin Midcalf Minister Mattock Meggy Middle Minnow Matts Megson Middlebrook Minor Maude Mee Middlecoat Minster Maunder Meek Middleditch Minty Maudlin Meeking Mid diem as Mirehouse Maw Meekly Middlemist Miryleas ALPHABETICAL LIST. 205 Missing Montgomery Mote Mumbler Mist Monument Moth Mummery Mister Moody Mother Mummy Mitcham Moon Mothersdale "Munch Mitford Mooney Motherwell Munster Mitten Moor Motley Muriel Mixer Moorhouse Mould Murrin Mixwell Mooring Moulder Sius Mizen. Moorman Moulding !klusic Moan liopsey Moult Musk Moate More Mound Musket Mobb Morebread Mount Mussell Mock Morecraft Mountain Must Mockford forehead Mounter Mustapha Mode Morehen Mountgarret Mustard Model Moreland Vlountstephen. Muster Moderate Moreman Mourn Musty Modern Morewood Mouse Muter Mogg Moist Morgan Morning Mouser Mouth Mutter Mutton Moister Morningstar Mowe Myrtle Mole Morrow Mower Muzzle Moll Mors Mowl Muzzy Moiling Morsel Much Mollison Morshead Muchmore Molly Morsman Mudd Nabb J Molson. Mort Muddle Nail Molten Mortal Muddleman Nailor Monarch. Mortar Mudford Nan Monday Mortimer Muff Nance / Money Mortlake Muffin Nancy j Moneypenny Monger Moses Mosey Mugg Mulberry Nanny Nanson Monk Moss Mules Nantes Monkey Mosscroft Mullet Napkin Monkhouse Mosscrop Mullinger Napper Monkmau Mossman Mullion Narroway Montague Most Mulwell Narrowcoat 206 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Nassau Newbound Noodle Nutty Nathan Newcomb Noon Nation Newhall Nooning Nave Newhook Norcott Oak Navy Newhouse Norfolk Oakden Nay Newington Norman Oakland Nazareth Newland Normandale Oakman Near Newlove Normandy Oakstrong Neat Newman Northam Oar Neck Newmarch Northbridge Oaten Need Newmaster Northbrook Oatfield Needle Newport Northgate Oatridge Needier Newstead Northlake Oats Negus Newts Northwood Obey Neigh Nibb Northy Odd Neighbour Nice Norway Oddy Nell Nicholas Norwich Ode Nelson Nicholson Norwood Odium, Nephew Nick Nose Offer Nero Nickson Nothard Offey Nest Niger Nothing Office Nestle Night Notman Officer Nestling Nightingale Nottingham Ogg Nestor Nihil Not well Ogle Nethercliff Nile Not wise Ogler Nethercoat Nine Novell Oiley Nethercroft Nipper Now Oill Netherman Nipple Nox Okill Nethermill No . Null Old Netting Noah Nun Old acre Nettles Noble Nunnery Oldale New Nodder Nunney Oldcorn Newark Nodderman Nurse Olden Newbegin Nodding Nutbrown Oldenbottle Newbirth Noddle Nutt Older Newbolt Noe Nutter Oldfield Newbook Noel Nutting Oldham Newborn Noland Nuttman Olding ALPHABETICAL LIST. 207 Oldland Outwin Page Parish Oldman Oven Pail Park Oldrich Over Pain Parkhouse Olive Overacre Painter Parlour Oliver Overall Painting Parrade Oliver son Overell Pair Parrodis Olney Overfield Pairman Parrot Oman Overhead Pakeman Parry Omega Overman Pale Parshall Omit Overmore Paley Parsley Once Overton Palfrey Parson One Ovid Palfryman Parsonage Onions Ower Paling Parsonson Only Owing Pallace Part Onslow Owles Pallas Parting Onwin Owley Pallett Partner Onyx Owner Palling Partridge Open Ox Palm Paschal Orange Oxford Palmer Pass Orchard Oxl ey Palsey Passenger Ore Oxman Pan Passive Organ Oxon Pander Passman Orleans Oxspring Pane Passmore Orman Oysterman Pannel Paste Orphan Ozier Pannier Patch Osman Panther Patching Osmund Panting Pate Ostler Pacer Pantry Patent Ostrich Pack Papa Pater Oswald Packer Papall Paterson Otherday Packet Papps Path Otherman Packman Paradise Patience Others Paddle Paragon Patient Otter Paddock Parcel Patrick Our Paddy Parcell Patriot Outerside Padman Pardon Patten Outing Padmore Parent Pattie Outpin Pagan Paris' . Pattison 208 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Pattman Peeling Perfect Pickthorn Patty Peep Perill Pickup Pau Peer Perry Pickwell Paul Peerless Perryman Piece Paulson Pegg Person Pieman Paunch Peggy Pert Pier Pause Pegson Peru Pierce Paviour Pelisse Pest Pieman Paw Pelter Pestall Pierpoint Paxman Pembroke Pester Pierrepoint Payer Pen Petersfield Pierson Pea Pence Peterson Pigeon Peace Pendent Pett Pigfat Peach Penfound Petter Pigg Peachy Penistone Pettibone PighiUs Peacock Penkeyman Pettman Pignutt Peak Penman Petty Pike Peal Pennant Pettycoat Pilate Pealing Penning Pew Pilchard Pear Penny Pewter Piles Pearl Pennycoat Pharaoh Pilgrim Pearlman Pennycook Pharasin Pill Peart Pennyfather Pharrisee Pillage Peartree Pennymaker Pheasant Pillar Pease Pennyman Philip Pilling Peasgood Pennymore Philippi Pillman Peasoup Pennypacker Philipson Pillow Peat Pennyweight Phipson Pilot Peatfield Penrith Phoenix Pimple Pebble Pensick Physic Pinch Peck Pentecost Pick Pinchard Peckwell Pentin Pickaxe Pinchback Peddell Pepper Pickett Pinchbeck Peddle Peppercorn Picking Pinches Pedigree People Prickles Pinching Pedlar Perch Pickman Pinchsuit Peebles Percy Pickover Pindar Peel Peregrine Pickstone Pine ALPHABETICAL LIST. 209 Pinion Pleadwell Poison Potter Pink Pleasant Pond Pottle Pinkey Please Ponder Pottman Pinner Pledger Poney Poultry Pinwell Plenty Pontefract Pound Pipe Plimmer Pontifex Pounder Piper Plough Poodle Pout Pipes Ploughman Pook Pouter Pipkin Ploughwright Pool Powder Pippin Plover Poole Power Pipps Pluck Poor Powers Pippy Pluckrose Poorman Praise Pish Plugg Pope Prater Pistol Plum Popoff Prattley Pitchbottom Plumb Poppingwell Pray Pitcher Plumber Poppy Preacher Pitchey Plume Porch Precious Pitfield Plumer Pork Prentice Pitman Plumridge Porker Present Pitt Plumtree Porridge Press Pitting Plush Port Presswell Pitty Poacher Portal Prest Pius Pocket Porter Prestoe Pix Pod Porthouse Preston Plaice Podmore Portley Prestwich Plain Poett Portman Pretty Plaister Poignard Portsmouth Prettyjohn Plane Pointer Portway Prettyman Plank Pointing Portwine Priam Planner Poland Poser Price Plant Pole Post Prickles Plantrose Polehampton Postgate Pricktoe Plaster Poleman Postman Pride Plater Police Pothecary Priest Plato Poll Potiphar Priestly Play Pollard Potman Priestman Player Pollen Pott Prigg Playfuir Polly Pottage Prim B 2 210 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Prime Punch Quicklove Ram Primmer Puncheon Quickly Ramsay Primrose Puncher Quill Ramwell Prince Punt Quillish Rancour Printer Pupp Quillman Randolph Prior Purelies Quilt Ranger, Priseman Purely Quince Rank Privet Purge Quincey Ransom Privey Purl Quinsey Ranwell Prizeman Purling Quire Rape Proctor Purser Quirk Raphael Prong Pursey Rapier Proper Purslove Rasberry Proper) ohn Purslow Rabbitt Rash Prophet Pushing Race Rashly Proud Pussey Rachel Rat Proudfoot Putman Rack Ratcliffe Proudley Putney Rackstraw Rathill Proudlock Pye Rackwitz Ratter Proudlove Pythian Racy Rattle Proudman Radish Raven Province Radnor Raven scroft Provost Quaile Rafter Ravey Prudence Quaint Rag Raw Prudent Quaintance Raggy Rawbone Psyche Quarrel Ragless Rawson Pucker Quarrier Rain Ray Puckering Quarry Rainbird Rayment Puckle Quart Rainbow Raymond Pudding Quarterly Raincock Reach Puddle Quarterm an Rainier Reacher Puff Quarters Raining Reader Pugh Quay Rainy Reading Pulling Quear Raisin Readman Pullman Queen Rake Real Pully Queeny Raker Ream Pulse Quick Rally Reaper Pummell Quickfall Ralph Reason ALPHABETICAL LIST. 211 Reckless Rhinelander Ring-well Roger Eed Rhodes Ringwood Rogerson Eedband Rhone Rip Roland Redcock Ribb Ripe Rolandson Reddish Ribband Riper Rolling Redfern Rice Ripley Rolls Redfoot Rich Risband Roman Redgrave Richard Rising Rome Redhead Richardson Risk Romsey Redhouse Richbell Rivers Rood Redknapp Richdale Rivett Roodhouse Redman Richer Roach Roofe Redmile Riches Roadknight Rook Redmill Richman Roads Room Redpath Richmond Roan Roost Redstone Richson Roarer Root Redwar Rickcord Roarey Rope Redwood Ricketts Roast Ropeyarn Redyear Rickman Robb Rosamond Reed Ridding Robbie Rose Reek Riddle Robe Rosedcar Reeve Riddler Robert Rosehedge Regal Rider Robertson Rosemary Reginald Ridge Robin Rosery Rein Ridgeway Robinson Rosethorn Reinman Riding Robjohns Rosewall Reinwell Ridings Robson Roseworm Remnant Rigg Rochester Rosier Renter Right Rock Rosinbloom Repton Rightly Rocket Ross Rescue Righton Rockey Rotheram Rest Rind Rod Rott Returns Rinder Rode Rotton Revell Ring Roderick Rouen Rex Ringer Rodman Rough Rexworthy Ringland Rodwell Roughened Reynard Ringlet Roe Roughead Reynardson Ringrose Roebuck Roughley 212 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Bound j Rutland Salt Savage Rounding Rutty Salter Saveall Roundtree Ryde Salthouse Saving Rout Rye Salting Savory Rowell Ryecroft Salts Saw Rowland Ryemill Salvage Sawer Rowlandson Ryman Sam Sawney Roxburgh Ryperose Same Sawyer Roy Sampkin Saxon Royal Samples Sayer Royston Saber Sampson Sayman Ruck Sable Samson Saywell Rudder Sack Samuel Scaffold Ruddiman Sacker Sanctuary Scales Ruddle Sackman Sand Scaley Ruddy Sacks Sandbach Scambler Rudolph Sadd Sandbrook Scamp Rue Sadder Sandeman Scar Rufus Saddler Sandfield Scarborough Ruff Sadgrove Sandford Scarce Ruffle Sadlie Sandhurst Scarchfield Rugg Safe Sandiford Scarf Rugman Saffron Sandiland Scarlet Ruler Sage Sandle S carve Rum Sageman Sandman Scholar Rump Sager Sands Schoolbred Rumsey Sago Sandwell Schooling Rumson Sail Sandy Scipio Runcieman Sailor Sanguine Scoffing Rushbrook Sainthill Sangwell Scolding Rushing Salaman Sap Sconce Rusk Salamonson Sapper Scorch Russ Saleman Sarah Score Russet Salisbury Sash Scorer Rust Sail Satchell Scotchbrook Ruston Sallade Saturday Scotchman Rut Sally Sauce Scotland Ruth Salmon Saul Scotlandson ALPHABETICAL LIST. 213 Scotson Seer Shall Shelley Scratchard Segar Shallow Shelvey Scratcher Selkirk Shamely Shepherd Screen Seller Shambler Shepherdson Screw Sellerman Shaukey Sherborne Scripp Selling Shanklin Sheriff X JL Scriviner Sellman Shanks Sherry Scrubby Selman Shanky Shewell Scudding Sendal Shannon Shield Scuffle Seneschal Shapeley Shields Scuffman Senior Shard Shilling Scull Sent Share Shillingford Scullion Serff Shareman Shillingsworth Scurry Scutcheon Serjeant Serjeantson Shark Sharkey Shin Shiner Sea Sermon Sharp Shingle Seaborn Servante Sharpley Shingles Seabright Seth Sharps Ship Seabrook Setter Shatter Shipman Seacoal Setterfield Shatterfoot Shipping Seacock Settle Shawl Ship way Seagood Sevenoaks Shawman Shipwright Seal Sever Sheaf Shires Seaman Severance Shearer Shirk Seamark Severn Sheargold Shirkey Searchwell Seville Shearman Shirley Seasongood Sex Shears Shirt Seat Sexton Sheath Shoe Seaviour Sewers Shebeare Shoebottom Seawall Shackle Shechell Shoecraft Seaward Shade Shed Shoesmith Second Shadow Sheep Shone Secret Shadrack Sheepshanks Shooter Secular Shadwell Sheepwash Shop Sedger Shaft Sheet Shopland Seed Shagg Sheffield Shopper Seedhouse Shakeshaft Shelf Shore Seedsman Shakespear Shell Short 214 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Shorter Sickman Sisterson Slick Shorthand Sidebother Sittingshoe Slide Shorthose Sidebottom Sitwell Slight Shorthouse Sides Silverlock Slim Shorting Sidey Silverwood Sling Shortland Sidney Six Slinger Shortman Siege Sixpence Slinker Shortridge Sign Sixsmith Slip Shotbolt Silas Sixty Slipper Shott Silence Size Sloper Shoulder Silk Sizer Slopps Shouter Sill Skain Slough Shove Silliman Skate Slow Shovell Sillitoe Sketch Slowley Shoveller Silly Sketcher Slowman Shover Silver Sketching Slowstone Show Silver-lock Skiff Sluce Showers Silversides Skillett Slugg Showie Silverstone Skimming Slum Shrewsbury Silverthorn Skin Slumber Shrigley Silvertop Skinner Sly Shrimps Sim Skipper Slybody Shrimpson Simeon Skipsey Slyman Shrine Simmer Skit Small Shrinkfield Simper Skittles Smallback Shrive Simple Skv Smallbehynd Shrubb Simson Sla'ck Smallbone Shuffell Sinew Slater Smallbridge Shuffler Sinfield Slaughter Smallbun Shumack Sinfoot Slave Smallcomb Shute Singer Slay Smallcorn Shutt Singleday Sleeman Smaller Shutter Sinker Sleep Smalley Shuttle Sinkwell Sleeper Smallfield Sibson Sinnot Sleet Smallman . Sicily Sipp Sleetman Smallpage Sickle Sirr Slender Smallpenny Sickling Sistern Slewman Smallpiece ALPHABETICAL LIST. 215 Smallprice Sober Soy Spiking Small wood Sockets Spackman Spiles Smart Soda Spacy Spiller Smartley Sodden Spademan Spillewyne Smethurst Soddy Spain Spilling Smelt Sofa Spalding Spillman Smiler Softly Span Spiltimber Smiles Solace Spaniel Spindle Smirke Sole Spare Spine Smit Solon Sparkman Spinnage Smith Solway Sparks Spinner Smitherman Somerset Sparrow Spinning Smithfield Son Sparrowhawk Spinster Smithringer Sopp Spary Spire Smithson Sore Spavin Spiring Smithyman Sorely Speakman Spirit Smoker Sorter Spear Spirt Smoothley Sortwell Spearing Spite Smoothy Soul Spearman Spittle Smut Soundy Spearpoint Spittlehouse Smythyman Soup Speciall Spitty Snail Sour Speck Spleen Snailman Sourmilk Speechley Splint Snapper Sours Speed Spoke Snare Sourwine Speeding Sponge Sneezy South Speedy Spoon Snewing Southcott Speller Spooney Snipe Southerley Spelling Spot Snivelly Southern Spelman Spotter Snow Southerwood Spelt Spouse Snowball Southey Spencer Sprack Snowdon Southgate Spender Spratt Snowdrop Southouse Spendlove Sprawling Snowhite Southron Spice Spray Snowing Southward Spicer Spread Snowman Southwell Spider Spreadbrow Snugg Southwood Spike Sprig Soaper Sowerbutt Spikeman Spring 216 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Springfield Stallion Stemfly Stockwell Springate Stamford Step Stoker Springay Stammers Stephen Stone Springman Stamp Stephenson Stoneham Sprout Stamper Stepney Stoneheart Spruce Stanbridge Steptoe Stonehenge Spry Stand Sterling Stonehewer Spur Standard Stern Stonehouse Spurling Standfast Sterner Stoneman Spyer Standfield Stevenson Stoner Square Standing Stew Stoney Squat Standwell Steward Stoneylake Squib Staniland Stewardson Stoneystreet Squire Staple Stewey Stonier Squirrel Star Stick Stoniheart St. Paul Starback Stickler Stool St. John Starbird Stickman Stopford Stabb Starboard Stickwood Stopfull Stable Staring Stiff Stopping Stack Stark Stileman Store Stackman Starkey Still Storer Staff Starkman StiUing Stork Stafford Starkweather Stillman Storm Stage Starling Stillwrath Story Stagg Start Stilt Stout Staggers Startup Sting Stove Stagman States Stirling Stowell Stain Stay Stirrup Stower Stainbank Steady Stirup Stradling Stainer Stedman Stitch Straight Stainland Steed Stiver Strain Stairman Steedman Stoat Strait Stairs Steel Stockbridge Strand Stake Steele Stockdale Strange Staker Steelman Stockholm Stranger Staley Steeple Stocking Strange man Stalker Steer Stockman Stranger oman StaU Stem Stockton Strangleman ALPHABETICAL LIST. 217 Strap Studd Sunday Sweet Strata Studman Sunderland Sweetland Stratford Stueman Sunken Sweetapple Stratton Stuffin Sunman Sweetbutter Straw Stumbles Sunrise Sweeten Strawbridge Stump Sunshine Sweeting Strawmat Stun Super Sweetlove Stray _ Stunt Supple Sweetman Strayline Sturdy Surety Swell Stream Sturgeon Surgy Swift Street Style Surplice Swiftmercer Strength Stvx Surpluss Swigg Strick Subtle Surrey Swillaway Stricken Sucker Susan Swilling Strickland Suckling Susanna Swimmer Stride Suckman Susans Swindle Strider Sudbury Suse Swindler Strike Sudden Sussex Swindon String Suds Sutherland Swine Strip Sue Sutterfield Swineshead Stripe Suet Sutton Swiney Stripling Suffield Swab Swing Stripp Suffolk Swadling Swithenbank Strode Sugar Swain Switzer Strong Sugarman Swainson Sword Strongitharm Suit Swallow Sworder Strongman Sulkie Swan Sworn Stroud Sullen Swanwick Sycamore Struck Summer Swarm Sydenham Stuart Summerbee Swearer Symund Stubb Summerfield Swearing Syren Stubber Summerhayes Swearman Syster Stubbey Summerland Sweat Sythe Stubbing Summerscales Sweatland Stubblefield Summerson Sweatlove Stubborn Summit Sweatman Tabb Stubbs Sumpter Sweden Tabernacle Stubley Sun Sweeper Table C 2 218 ALPHABETICAL LI8T. Tabor Target Telling Thistlecock Tack Tarn Tempest Thomas Tackle Tarr Templar Thomason Tackman Tarring Temple Thorn Tadman Tarry Templeman Thornback Tag Tarryer Ten Thorncroft Tailor Tart Tenant Thorndike Tainty Tarter Tenby Thorney Talk Tasker Tench Thornhill Talker Tasman Tender Thorniley Tall Tatler Tendril Thorning Tallboy Tattel Tenneman Thoroughaire Tallents Tallerman Tatters Tattersall Tenpence Tent Thoroughkettle Thousaodpound Thrash Tallet Tattersfield Term Thrasher Tallman Tattley Terrace Threader TaUons Tallow Taunt Taunton Terrier Tether Threadgold Thrice Tally Taverner Teviotdale Throssle Tamarind Tawney Tewkesbury Thrower Tambourine Tay Thaler Thrush Tame Taylecoat Thane Thrust Tancred Tea Thankful Thumbs Tank Teacher Thatcher Thunder Tankard Tann Teal Team Thaw Then Thursday Tick Tanner Tearev Theobald Ticket Tantrum Tears" Theodore Tickle Tap Tape Teasel Teat Thews Thick Ticklepenny Ticktom Tapper Tedd Thickbroom Tiddeman Tapping Teddy Thicket Tideswell Tapster Tee Thimble Tidman Tarbock Teesdale Thin Tidy Tarbottom Tarbox Teeth Teg Thinnwood Third J-iUjr Tidyman Tier Tardy Telfair Thirst Tiff Tares Teller Thistle Tiffin ALPHABETICAL LIST. 219 Tiger Titt Topple Tremble o Tight Titter Torn Trench Tilbury Tittle Torr Trenchard J Tileman Tobias Tortoise Trent Till Tobin Tortoiseshell Tress Tiller Tobitt Tory Tribe Tilling Tillman Toby Tod Totman Tottenham Trick Tricker Tilt Toddy Totter Trickey Tiltman Todman Touch Tricklebank Tim Toe Touchstone Trier Timaeus Toffy Tough Trig Timber Toll Tourney Trigger Timberlake Tollmill Tours Trim Timbrell Tolman Tout Trimboy Times Tom Tow Trimmer Timewell Tomkin Toward Trimming Timon Tomkinson Towell Trimmings Timothy Timson Tommy Tomson Tower Towerson Trimnell Trimwell Tin Ton Town Trinkle Tindale Tone Townsend Tripe Tingle Toner Townson Triplet Tinker Tongman Toy Tripp Tinkler Tongs Trace Tripper Tinkling Tongue Trader Trist Tinney Took Tradewell Trister Tinning Toole Trail Trite Tiplady Tooth Train Triton Tipper Tippett Toothey Toothill Trainer Trammel Trivett Trodden Tipping Top Trapp Troll Tipple Topcoat Trash Troop Tippler Tope Traveller Trot Tireman Toping Tray Troth Titherley Toplady Treadwel Trotman Title Topp Treble Trotter Titmouse Topping Tree Troublefield 220 ALPHABETICAL LIST. Trounce Tugg Twig Upjohn Troup Tugman Twin Upright Trout Tugwell Twine Upson Trowbridge Tulip Twining Upton Trowell Tally Twist Upwards Troy Tumbling Twitchings Urbnn Truant Tumbrell Twitty Usher Truce Tun Two Truck Tunbridge Twoman True Tune Twopenny Vague Trueblood Tunnel Twopotts Vail Truebody Tunny Twyford Vaine Truelove Tunwell Twyman Valentine Trueman Tupman Tye Valiant Trulock Tupp Tyler Valley Truly Turbot Tyne Value Trump Turk Tynman Vane Trumper Turnbull Type Vanhouse Trundle Turner Tyre Vanity Truss Turning Tyro Varlet Trust Turnpenny Varnish Trusted Turns Vassall Truster Turtle Ugley Vast Trusting Tuske Ullman Veal Tru stout Tutching Umber Vearing Trusty Tutt Uncle Venson Truth Twaddell Underdone Vent Try Twaddle Underdown Ventnor Tryon Twain Underfinger Venus Tubb Tweed Underbill Verge Tubby Tweedle Underwood Verger Tube Twelve Unite Verity Tubman Twelvetrees Unitt Vert Tuck Twentyman Unknown Veryhard Tucker Twentymark Upfield Vesper Tuckwell Twice Upfill Vessel Tudor Twiceaday Upham Vest Tuely Twidley UpbiU Vestal ALPHABETICAL LIST. 221 Vesterman Wagman . Wand Waste Vetch Wagstaff Wander Wastefield Vials Wail Wane Watch Vicar Wailing Wann Watchingwell Vicarage Wainhouse Want Watchman Vice Wainman Wantman Water Victory Wainscot Wanton Waterer Vigil Wainwright Wapper Waterfall Vigor Waistcoat Wapping Waterfield Vile Wait War Waterguard Vileman Waiter Warble Waterhair Village Waiting Warboys Waterhouse Villein Waitman Warcup Watering Vine Waitwell Ward Waterland Vineyard Wake Warden Waterman Viper Wakefield Warder Waters Violet Wakeling Wardman Waterson Virgin Wakeman Wardrobe Watford Virtue Wales Ware Watkin Vizor Walk Waredraper Watkinson Voce Walker Wareham Watson Voice Walking Warman Wattle Vow Walklate Warmer Wave Vox Walkman Warmwell Wax Vulgar Wall Warning Way Wallbridge Warren Waygood Wallduck Warring Wayman Wadd Wallett Warrington Weake Waddle Walling Warrior Weakley Wade Wallington Wart Weal Wadley Wallman Warwick Weald Wadling Wallop Warwickshire Wealthy Wadman Wallow Wash Wean Wafer Wallwork Washbrook Wear Wageman Walnut Washer Wearing Wager Walrond Washington Wearwell Wagg Walsingham Washman Weary Wagless Waltham Wassail Weather ALPHABETICAL LIST. 222 Weatherall Weltered Whelp Whiteleg "Weatherbee Wench When Whitelock "Weatherhead Wenn Whence Whitely Weatherhog West Whenman Whiteman Weatherit Westaway Where Whiter "Weatherspoon Westbrook Whereat Whiteside Weatherwax Westbury Wherrit Whitesmith Weaver Westcott Wherry Whitest Weaving Westennan Whetstone Whitestone Webber Western Whichcord Whitethread Wedd Westgate Whiffing Whitfield Wedekind Westlake Whimper Whither Wedge Westland Whinney Whiting Wedlock Westman Whip Whitlow Weed Westminster Whirlpenny Whitney Weeding Westmoreland Whish Whitsunday Weedy Weston Whisker Whitting Weekly Westover Whiskered Whittle Weeks Westwood Whiskyman Why Weight Wetherman Whistle Whybrew Weightman WevUl Whistler Why man Weir Wey Whitaker Wick Welbeloved Weymouth Whitby Wicker Welch Whale Whitchurch Wicket Welchman Whalebone White Wickham Welcome Whalesbelly Whitear Wickman Weld Whaling Whitebread Wildman Welder Wharf Whitefield Widdowson. Welding Whatman Whitefoot Widehose Welfare Wheat Whiteford Wideman Welfill Wheatcroft Whitehair Widenman . Well Wheaten Whitehall Widow Wellborn Wheatland Whitehand Widowfield Wellington Wheel Whitehead Wield Wellman Wheeler Whiteheat Wife Wellow Wheelhouse Whitehorse Wigan WeUs Wheeling Whitehouse Wigg Welshman Wheelwright Whitefand Wiggman ALPHABETICAL LIST. 223 Wild Window Wiseman Woodwell Wildash Windsor Wish Woodyard Wildblood Wine Wisher Woof "Wildboar Winegar Wishman Wool Wildbore Wineman Witch Woolcot Wildbrown Winepress Witchcraft Woollen Wilder Winfarthing Witcraft Woolley "Wildgoose Wing Wither Woolman Wildgust Wink Withered Woolston Wildish Winker Withers Woolwich Wildsmith Winkles Withy Worcester "Wile Winkup Witt Work Wileman Winn Witty Workall Wilfred Winner Wizard Workman Wilkin Winning Wolf World Wilkinson Winpenny Wonder Worldsend Wilks Winship Wood Worm Will Winslow Woodbine Worms Willey Winsom Woodbridge Worn William Winspear Woodcock Worry Williamson Winter Woodcraft Worship Willing Winterborn Wooden Wort Willman Winterbottom Woodford Worth Willows Winterbourne Woodfork Worthylake Willson Winterflood Woodfull Wouldhave Wilt Wintermute Woodham Wrapp Wilton Winterscall Woodhead Wrath Wiltshire Winter smith Woodhill Wreath Wily Winterson Woodhouse Wren Winch Winton Woodifield Wrench Winchester Wiper Wooding Wriggley Wind Wipperman Woodlark Wright Windard Wire Woodley Wrigley Windebank Wirey Woodman Wring Winder Wisdom Woodmill Wrinkle Windlass Wise Woodnutt Wrist Windle Wisecup Woodroofe Write Windmill Wisely Woodrow Writer ALPHABETICAL LIST. Writt Yard Yeoman Youngman Wroth Yarmouth Yeomanson Youngmay Wry Yarrow Yesterday Youngson Wulgar Yarwood Yew Youren Wurst Yatman York Yule Wye Yaw You Wyman Yea Youman Wythe Yeaman Young Zeal Yearly Younger Zealey Yeatman Youngerman Zerubbabel Yalowhaire Yell Youngest Zigzag Yam Yellow Younghusband Zinc Yapp Yellowleas Youngjohn Zion Yarborough Yellowley Younglove SOS" L & University of California SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which it was borrowed. UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 001 090 130 4