f. 
 
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 V' 
 
 LV.
 
 r 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF 
 ' CAUFORNIA 
 
 SAM DjEOa 
 
 "^'
 
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 /> '^C^f^'^<^
 
 BIBLIOTHECA 
 
 SPENCERIANA; 
 
 OR 
 
 A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 
 
 OF THE BOOKS PRINTED IN 
 
 VLfft Siftmxti) Century, 
 
 AND OF MANY VALUABLE FIRST EDITIONS, 
 IN THE LIBRARY OF 
 
 GEORGE JOHN EARL SPENCER, K. G. 
 
 &C. &C. &e. 
 
 BY THE REVEREND 
 
 THOMAS FROGNALL DIBDIN. 
 
 VOL. 11. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, BY W. BULMER AND CO. 
 
 AND PUBLISHED BY LONGMAN, HURST, REES, & CO.; T. PAYNE; 
 WHITE & COCHRANE; JOHN MURRAY; AND J. & A. ARCH. 
 
 1814.
 
 
 contimielj.
 
 Ancient Classics* 
 
 216. Claudianus. De Raptu Proserpinje. 
 TVithout Date, Place, or Printer's Natne. Folio. 
 
 As there is every reason to conclude that this impression of the 
 Rape of Proserpine only, was printed before the subsequent one of 
 the Entire Works of the poet, it is here placed as an anterior article. 
 This work was formerly the cause of much surprise and discussion ; 
 as it was published under the following title: 'Claudiani Siculi 
 viri impi'imis doctissimi de Raptu Proserpinae Tragediae duae Heroicse.' 
 But Maittaire, in an unusually long and particular analysis of the 
 work, proved that the Claudianus Sicilianus was no other than Claudi- 
 anus Alexandrinus, the present author. He supposed, erroneously, 
 as Count Reviczky has properly observed, that the printer was John of 
 Westphalia ; whereas it is evident, from a comparison with their other 
 works, that the impression was executed by Ketelaer and De Leempt, 
 and was, in all probability, published near the same time with Cor- 
 nelius Gallus ; which is printed in the same type, and is concluded to 
 have been executed in 1473 : see p. 6, post. The account of Maittaire 
 is so copious and particular, that references to other authorities are 
 umiecessary, Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 383-5, edit. 1719.* This work 
 
 • Tliis account is not repeated in the reprint of the volume in 1733 ; page 753 : but 
 tlie note only is inserted. The note may be worth submitting to the reader's attentioB. 
 VOL. II. S
 
 2 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IBapt. Pros. 
 
 was introduced in the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. n°. 2676, among the 
 modern Dramatic Authors. We shall now give a bibliographical de- 
 scription of the volume. 
 
 The present copy, which is the identical one examined by Maittaire, 
 (it having been given to Lord Spencer by the late Duke of Devon- 
 shire) is appended to a translation of the ' Dicteria Plutarchi — quae 
 et additiones ad Valerium Maximum recte dici possunt,' by Franciscus 
 Philelphus (of which, in its proper place) : and to an impression of 
 Petrarch ' De Vera Sapientia :' both these tracts being printed in the 
 same type. The work of which this article treats, commences on the 
 recto of the leaf, thus : 
 
 CJaittiiani ^iculi tiri ijrrimijsf tiocttfsfimi tie raptu 
 pro^crpine €ragctiia prima Ijcroica icipit fdicif 
 3Ct0umentum. 
 ij qiiiBu^ tnumcrii tctri famulanf aucrni 
 H tmulg' infjer^, opi0' quozf tionaf auarijef 
 
 <auicqti t ortje pcrrit. qV ^tit MntiiW atiit 
 5|ntcrfii^a batii^sf. ct quo^ fumantia torqucnisf 
 €quora gurgitiJiu^ flcgcton pedu^sfttat fjanelijSf 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This Argument includes the seven following verses. Then com- 
 mences the Drama ; thus : 
 
 g)oeta. latHc^ijsf. 3^luto» 
 Cere^. Slupiter. 3llctii^. i 
 ^ tax: )^ttthi quontia tumitiajai tjcar^it in ira^sf 
 ^rriia mottuni^ ^uperi^. ^ ^oluj^ tt^ntt 
 €ottmifiii^» ^tttiWq^ txixi coitj^umcrct anno^ 
 9;mpatien^ nt^tixt tljocum* miHa^q; mariti 
 
 — ' Claudiani tres de Proserp'mse raptu libios in duas Heroicas Tragoedias, constaiites tribiis 
 Actibus singulas, vir quidam nescio quis artiliciose distribuitj Poetaeque ipsa verba integra 
 ordinemque inviolatum servavit. Libet hie lectori curioso totum opus rarum ceitc nee ubivis 
 obvium deseribere. Hunc vidi librum in lectissima illustrissimi Ducis Devonia 
 Bibliotheca, cujus adeundae copiam mihi ssepe dat Vu ille praenobiiis et perhumanus. Uid.
 
 Vkentia; 1482.] CLAUDIANUS. 3 
 
 5[ncfcbra^. net buJcc patrije? cogno^ccrc nomcn 
 %a\\\ ciumi(i5 latent fcmli nioiijeftra liaratro 
 %n tunna^ acicmq^ ruunt, contraq^ tonantcm 
 Coniurant furic. ci:inataq5 ^ontitm^ pbcijef 
 '^fjcsipfionc quaticnsf infaui^to himine pinum 
 3Crnmto.iS^ ab casftra toocat pallcntia manc^ 
 3^cnc rcluctati^ itcrum pugiiantta rcBuisf 
 ilupiffifcnt eleiticnta fiticm. penitii.sfq5 rcuul^o 
 Carcerc larati^ jiuBc^ tptania tjincU.sf 
 mitiifiefct cclcsftc iiiBar, rur^iimqj cnicntujgf 
 
 The preceding, with the exception of the seven verses following 
 those before extracted from the Argument, occupies the first page. A 
 page contains 31 lines. On (he reverse of the 16th and last leaf, the 
 work ends thus ; at bottom : 
 
 a^otiSf nisfi turliaCsfct luiba coiuffiu. <!ErpHtit. 
 
 The present is a genuine copy, with a considei-able amplitude of 
 margin. From the binding, in old red-morocco, it appears to have 
 been formerly in the Harleian Collection. 
 
 217. Claudianus. Opera Omnia. Printed hy 
 Jacob Dusensis. Vicentia. 1482. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Count Reviczky informs us that Heiiisius, in 
 composing his edition of 1650 and 1665, was not able to meet with 
 more than one copy of this edition, which he found in the library of 
 the Grand Duke of Tuscany, and that he conceives its rarity to be 
 extreme. Burman (in the preface of his edition of 1760) speaks 
 highly of its correctness, and supposes it to be taken, faithfully and 
 literally, from an ancient ms. unspoiled by the interpolations of the 
 editor : Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. p. 292. It remains to give a more 
 particular description of it than will be found in the works of preceding 
 bibliographers.
 
 4 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Claudianj 1493. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf begins the address of Barnabas 
 Celsanus to Bartholomaeus Paiellus ; filling the entire page on sign. 
 A 2 (for A 2), and concluding thus : 
 
 Perlege igitur Claudianum solu : 
 cuius uita: ut potuimus : in hue modu edidim'. Errata aiit 
 si qua inueneris ; parti m humanae imbecillitati : partim li/ 
 brariorum incuriae uelim ascribas. Vale musa^ decus. 
 
 On the reverse is a brief genealogy of the poet, terminating witix 
 some verses (quoted by St. Austin), in which the victory of Theodo- 
 sius against Eugenius, ' the impious king of the Gauls,' is described. 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf, A 3, commences the preface to 
 the Rape of Proserpine, with the poem itself. A. B. has eight leaves 
 to a signature. Then a to k in eights : 1 in six ; concluding on the 
 reverse of 1 vj, at top, thus : 
 
 Finis operum CL. Claudiani : qu£e no minus 
 eleganter q diligenter impressit laeobus Dusen 
 sis Milesimo quadrigentesimo octagesimo seeu 
 do sex. cal. lun. Vicentiae. 
 
 The Register is beneath. Copies of this very rare edition will be 
 found in the Bibi. Reviczk. p. 132 ; BibL Askev. no. 1390 ; Bibl. Pinell. 
 n°. 9436 (edit. 1790); Bibl. Creven. vol. iii. n". 4105 ; Bibliogr. In- 
 struct, vol. iii. n°. 2845 ; Panzer, Annal. Typog. vol. iii. p. 516. The 
 supposed edition of 1470, mentioned by Dempster, in his notes to 
 Corippus, is not desei-v'ing of refutation or notice. The present is 
 an exceedingly beautiful and almost uncut copy. It is bound in blue 
 morocco. 
 
 218. Claudianus. Opera. Pointed hy Angelus 
 Ugoietus. Parma. 1493. Quarto. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf is the title of the work thus, * Clavdiani 
 Opera.' On the reverse of the same leaf is the address of the printer's 
 brother, Thadaeus Ugoietus ; in which a careful collation and correc- 
 tion of preceding editions is said to have taken place before the print- 
 ing of the present impression. On the recto of the ensuing and
 
 PFithout Date.] COLUMELLA. 5 
 
 second leaf, sign, a ii, commences the first book ' In Ruffinvm.' The- 
 signatures run from a to p in eights : p q r s t having each six only. 
 On the recto of t vj we read the imprint, as follows : 
 
 Opera Claudiani diligenter emendata per Tha/ 
 daeum Vgoletum Parnienseni. laipressa autem p 
 Angel um eiiis fratrem Parmae : Anno domini 
 MCCCCLXXXXIIL Nono Kalendas Maias. 
 
 REGISTRVM. 
 
 abcdefghiklmno. omnes sunt quaterni 
 pqist. sunt terni. 
 
 On the reverse is the printer's device, with his initials A. V. in 
 white, upon a black ground. See Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. p. 293. 
 In calf binding. 
 
 219. Columella. Without Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 The Editio Princeps of this work is probably among the Scrip- 
 TOEES DE Re Rustica, 1472; for which, vide post. The present (as 
 indeed are all the separate publications of Columella, printed in the 
 Roman character, in the 15th centuiy,) is a very uncommon impres- 
 sion ; and appears to have escaped Audiffredi and Panzer. It is by no 
 means the same to which the latter refers (as being printed with the 
 types of J. de Westphalia,) in his Annal Typog. vol. i. p. 523, n°. 107. 
 It is clear, from Panzer's brief accoimt, where the authority of ' Viss.' 
 p. 57, is only inserted, that this impression had never been inspected 
 by him. AudiflFredi, Edit. Rom. p. 381, notices a very diflferent edition ; 
 and Panzer, vol. iv. p. 115, n". 366, speaks of an edition without 
 date or place, as executed in the Gothic type. It remains to describe 
 this rare volume. 
 
 On the recto of fol. 1, we read: 
 
 L ucii lunii Moderati Columelle de Cultu 
 hortorum Liber, xi. Q uem. Pub. Virgilius 
 .M.i Georgicis Posteris edendum dimisit 
 Ad eiusde Carmen Prefatio.
 
 6 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Columella; 
 
 The preface occupies nearly the first leaf. At the bottom of the reverse 
 of this leaf, and at the beginning of the top of the second, we read as 
 follows : 
 
 Hortoft" quoque te cultus Siluine docebo. 
 Atq; ea que quoda spatiis exclusus iniquis 
 Quo caiiert letas segetes 8c munera bacchi 
 Et te magna pales nee no celestia mella. 
 Virgilius nobis post se memorada rli(^t. 
 Sec. 8cc. Xcc. 
 
 In the whole, 10 leaves. At the bottom of the 10th leaf, reverse, it 
 is as follows : 
 
 .D. .FINIS. .S. 
 
 A full page contains 24 lines, or verses. There are neither signa- 
 tures, numerals, nor catchwords. From the very brief and jejune de- 
 scription of it by Maittaire, vol. i. p. 750, note 5, it is manifest that 
 he had but a slight knowledge of the existence of this impression. 
 The present is a clean copy of a beautiful little volume : bound in green 
 morocco. 
 
 220. Columella. Without Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Folio. 
 
 This impression contains the Commentary of Fortunatus. It is 
 always pleasant, when searching amidst a variety of bibliographical 
 writers for the most correct account of a rare volume, to meet with an 
 accurate reference to Fossi's£iii.M<7g/iafeec/jiana (vol. i. col. 563.) Panzer, 
 vol. iv. p. 114, n°. 365, makes this reference, as w'ell as to Maittaire, 
 vol. i. 750 ; which latter authority is sufficiently barren : but Fossi is 
 rather copious and instructive. Yet the following account may be 
 useful. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf, we have the same address or title, 
 which is mentioned as being printed on the recto of the first leaf in 
 the preceding edition, and of which the first 4 lines are before quoted. 
 On the recto of a ii, begins the text, surrounded by the commentary 
 of Fortvmatus. The prefix is as follows :
 
 rVithout Date.] CORNELIUS GALLUS. 7 
 
 IVLII pOMpONII FORTVNATI INTERpRETATIO 
 IN CARMINIBVS COLVMELLE. 
 
 The work contains signatures a and b, in sixes. The text and com- 
 mentary occupy but 10 leaves ; On the reverse of the 10th leaf 
 are the same letters as at the conclusion of the previous edition ; 
 which see. On the recto of the ensuing and last leaf (being 12 leaves 
 from the beginning,) are some elegant and interesting verses, inscribed 
 'Marcus Antonius Alterius ad Romulu Quirinum,' beginning thus: 
 
 Sepultum tibi siluium quirine 
 Et flaccum tineis satis peresum 
 Xcc. 8cc. See. 
 
 The present is a fair genuine copy of an impression held in no small 
 estimation by the curious. It is bound in russia. 
 
 221. Cornelius Gallus : sub Nomine Maxi- 
 MiANi IVithout Date, Place, or Printer s 
 Name. Folio. 
 
 A rare and not incurious volume ; and probably the earliest 
 IMPRESSION of the work under consideration. We will give a more 
 particular description of it than is to be found in either of the autho- 
 rities quoted below. On the recto of the first leaf, at top, we read 
 
 Q^arimiani ptjiiosfopfji atq^ oratoriief clanfjsfimi 
 etjica jsfuaui? ct pcriocunlia S^ncipit itlitittx* 
 
 09ulta quiti ccf^efasf fine properarc >^enect' 
 Cur ct infcfjsfo corporc tartia bcnitf 
 i^olue pcor mtj9rcra tic tali tatttct bita 
 sudors? CjEft iam rcquicsf biucrc pcna miclji 
 ^on i^um qui fucram. pijt par^ niajrtnia noisftn 
 l^oc quoquc qa ^ugCjBJt laugor tt jjorror lialjct 
 
 Sec. Sec. lie. 
 
 A full page contains 31 lines. In the whole, the volume comprehends 
 12 leaves. On the recto of the i2th, we read the following :
 
 . S ANCIENT CLASSICS. ^Without Date, 
 
 €tp\itit etfjica marimtam pljilo 
 jBfoplji at(i5 oratorio darifisfimi. 
 
 We have, next, epitaphs upon Popes Nicholas V. and Eugenius IV. ; 
 upon Laurentius de Valla, Ovid, and a ' ridiculous epigram* in 5 
 verses, not worth quoting ; although De Bure thought otherwise : 
 Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. p. 142. At the end of the last line of this 
 epigram, is the concluding word ' ffiyplicit.' Bibliographers have 
 properly assigned this production to the press of Ketelaer and De 
 Leempt. On a comparison with the edition of *De Mirabilibus Scripturce' 
 of St. Austin (noticed in vol. i. p. 188-9,) this conclusion is incontro- 
 vertible. According to an authority (Viss. p. 55), quoted by Denis, 
 Suppl. Maitt. p. 614, n°. 5377, there was a doubt whether it might 
 not have been an ancient production of the Harlem press. Panzer, 
 vol. iii. p. 548, borrows literally the whole of the account of Denis. 
 A copy was in the Pinelli coUection : Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 434, n". 
 5404. It may be necessary to add that this impression is destitute of 
 signatures, catchwords, and numerals. 
 
 Count Reviczky, in his ms. addenda, observes that Fabricius and 
 Ernesti were ignorant of this impression; which he conjectured to 
 have been printed about the year 1473. He further remarks that, in 
 the Menagiana, where there is an ' accurate and exquisite discussion' 
 concerning these elegies, and the author of them, no knowledge is 
 evinced of the present publication. This is a fair, genuine copy, bound 
 in dark red morocco. 
 
 222. Dares Phrygius. Without Date, Place, or 
 Name of Printer; hut prohahly executed at 
 Cologne hy Ulric Zel. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. I have ventured to call this impression the 
 earliest edition of the author, since it is evident that it is printed with 
 the same types and kind of paper as were used by Ulric Zel at Cologne. 
 Panzer, vol. v. p. 173, briefly notices several editions, without date or 
 place, and refers, vol. iv, p. 281, in support of one of them, to Braun's 
 Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. p. 65 ; where I should conceive the present one to 
 be described, from the number of leaves specified, and from its being 
 noticed among some opuscula of Gerson and St. Jerom, evidently the 
 production of Ulric ZeVs press— except that, a preliminary epistle.
 
 Without Date.] DARES PHRYGIUS. 9 
 
 from Cornelius Nepos to Sallust (see the ensuing impressions), is there 
 specified as preceding the text ; which is wanting in this copy. The 
 terminating verses seem to be precisely the same. Panzer assigns it, 
 gratuitously, to the press of Veldener ; but Braun is silent respecting 
 the supposed printer of it. There is no ground to conclude that 
 Veldener * executed the present volume ; which, on the contrary, is 
 clearly the production of the early Cologne press. Boni and Gamba 
 talk vaguely of a dateless edition, supposed to be the first, and exe- 
 cuted at Mentz, about the year 1470. Biblioteca Portatile, vol. ii. 
 p. 305. It remains to describe the volume before us. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, as a title to the work, we read 
 
 3Incipit jjp.9tona tcoiana Dareti^ frigtj 
 
 There are 24 lines beneath ; but a full page contains 16 lines. In 
 the whole, 22 leaves. On the recto of the 22d, at bottom, commence 
 the verses which were thought deserving, by Caxton, of forming the 
 conclusion of the English Recueil of tire Histories of Troy ; supposed 
 to have been printed by him, in 1471 ; vide post. 
 
 SDatc^ frigi' q f)uic l&clio intfuit cr btriufifij^ 
 ptijflf principci^ titiit fjanc l)p,€ftoria Htix^pXt- 
 
 oBrgama Acre bolo. fata tianaisf bata jsfolo 
 d^olo capta tiolo. capta rebacta ^t^\tx 
 
 21 similar monkish verses are on the reverse of this last leaf. In the 
 absence of signatm'es, catchwords, and numerals, and from its simila- 
 rity to the other early productions of the Cologne press, I should ap- 
 prehend this edition to have been printed by Ulric Zel not later than 
 the year 1470. The present copy is sumptuously bound in blue 
 morocco. 
 
 223. Dares Phrygius. IVithout Date, Place ^ 
 or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 We have here another, and most beautiful, copy of an early edition 
 of tliis author, pubUahed without indication of date, place, or printer's 
 name. As there are neither signatures nor catchwords, this unpres- 
 
 • A fac-simile of the type of this printer mil be found m 'the third volume of this work. 
 VOL. II. e
 
 10 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 sion was, in all probability, printed before tiie year 1472. On exa- 
 mining Panzer, and a variety of authorities, it appears to be an 
 almost unknown edition. Whatever may be its intrinsic value, con- 
 sidered in a typographical point of view it is very precious ; since it 
 exhibits a beautiful specimen of a cast of characters, apparently quite 
 new, and struck with the piincheons of an early Venetian artist : ex- 
 hibiting a mixture of the type of Hailbrun, Valdarfer, and Adam de 
 Ambergau. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read as follows : 
 
 HISTORIA DE ORIGINE 
 TROIANORVM: FOELICI 
 TER LEGE. 
 
 RIGO TROI ANO 
 
 R VM. D ARD A 
 
 NVS FVIT: qui ex lo 
 
 ue 8c electra filia atlaiitis 
 
 natus. ab italia ex response 
 
 locum commutans. per traciamsamon de 
 
 latus est : quatn samotraciam nominauit. k. 
 
 liinc ad fugiam deuenit. quam Dardania 
 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 25 lines. The volume comprehends 27 leaves. 
 On the reverse of the 27th, at bottom, the conclusion is thus printed, 
 
 De bello troiano liber explicit. 
 TELOS.- 
 
 This copy has been unluckily much cut in the binding ; but it is 
 very clean, and elegantly bound in red morocco.
 
 IFithout Date.-] DARLLS PHRYGIUS. 11 
 
 224. Dares Phrygius. TVithout Date^ Place, 
 or Printer s Name ; hut most prohahly executed 
 hy Stephen Planck. Quarto. 
 
 This third dateless edition is unquestionably printed in the charac- 
 ters of Stephen Planck, and probably about the year 1492. Those 
 who may imagine it to have been executed by Guldinbeck de Sulz (a 
 contemporaneous printer with Planck, at Rome) are deceived. The 
 text commences on the reverse of the first leaf, thus : 
 
 i^i.sftoria be originc Ctoiano2f : feUciter lege. 
 
 Beneath, commences, 
 
 <!3pij9?to!a Comelij nepoti.sf ati d^aluie^tm <Cd^ptt. 
 
 On the opposite page (sign. a. i.) commences the Trojan history. 
 A fuU page coinprehcnds 33 lines. The volume contains 14 leaves; 
 sign, a has 8 leaves, and b G. At the bottom of the 14th, reverse, 
 the conclusion is thus simply designated. 
 
 This impression exhibits a neatly arranged page, with a sufficient 
 amplitude of margin. It is bound in calf. 
 
 225. Dares Phrygius. TVithout Date, Place, 
 or Kame of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf, at top, it is as follows : 
 
 Historia de originc Troianorum. Foeliciter lege. 
 
 An epistle, similar to the one described in the account of the pre- 
 ceding edition, immediately follows. On the recto of the opposite 
 leaf, 
 
 Incipit Historia Daretis Frigii de excidio Troie 
 
 A full page has 38 lines. In the whole, 1 1 leaves. At bottom of 
 the 1 1th, reverse — 
 
 De bello Troiano Liber Explicit.
 
 12 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Aldus; 
 
 This impression is executed with a full text in each page. The 
 present copy has the margins much cut. Bound in calf. 
 
 226. Demosthenes. Gr. Printed hy Aldus. Ve- 
 nice, 1504. Folio. 
 
 Editio Originalis. The curious are well apprised of there being 
 tvoo editions of Demosthenes, printed in the same year, and nearly at 
 the same time, at the Venetian press, by Aldus. The present is called 
 the first, or original edition ; from the distinctive marks about to be 
 specified ; and to which those, desirous of a copy, will do well to attend. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf (sign, i) are the Greek and Latin titles 
 of the contents of the volume, each in 4 lines. From these the edition 
 appears to contain the 62 Orations of Demosthenes ; the annotations 
 of Libanius, the sophist, upon the same ; the life of Demosthenes by 
 Libanius ; and his life by Plutarch. Beneath, is the Aldine anchor, in 
 outline. On the reverse of this title page, at top, commences the address 
 of ' Aldvs Pivs Manvtivs Romanvs Danieli Clariopakmensi. 
 S. P. D.' This occupies 4 pages and 8 lines of the 5th. It concludes 
 with the date thus : ' Venetiis mense octob. M.D.IIII.' On the recto 
 of the following leaf, sign. 4. commences the life of Demosthenes by 
 Phitarch: which concludes on the recto of sign. 10, having 13 pages. 
 The reverse of sign. 10. is blank. On the recto of the ensuing leaf 
 (sign, aa i) we have the following title : 
 
 AHMO^GENOTS AGFOI, ATO 
 KAI EHHKONTA. 
 
 AIBANIOT rnOGESEI^, EI^ TOTS 
 ATTOTS AOrOTS. 
 
 DEMOSTHENIS ORATIONES DVA 
 ET SEXAGINTA. 
 
 LIBANII ARGVIVIENTA IN DEMOSTHE 
 NIS ORATIONES. 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the following leaf, aa ii, 
 there is a short Greek address of ' Sxjtt/wv xaprspoiJicixoc, tok <^i\ox6yoig 
 suTrguTlm: On the reverse, *niNAH, TH:$ nAPOT2H:S BIBAOT.' 
 Then follows the life of Demosthenes, &c. by Libanius, occupying 
 about 2 full pages. Then Libanius "s Argument to tlie first Oration ;
 
 Fenice; 1504.] DEMOSTHENES. 13 
 
 which latter begins on tlie recto of bb, having the page numbered at 
 toT). The pages are regularly numbered as far as 3^0 ; concluding 
 on the reverse of sign, xx viij. Then on sign. A, the pages are re- 
 numbered, and extend as far as p. 2S6. Three leaves of a table, in two 
 columns, not numbered, succeed. On the reverse of the last of these, 
 we read as follows : 
 
 Quaterniones omnes : exceptis pri/ 
 mo : 8c secundo quorum alter Quin 
 ternio : dueriiio alter. 
 
 Venetiis in «dib. Aldi. meiise 
 Nouem. M.D.IIll. 
 
 The ensuing article will shew some other typographical difference. 
 The present is a beautiful copy, bound in red morocco ; and belonged 
 to the late Mr. C. M. Cracherode. 
 
 227. Demosthenes. Gr. Printed hy Aldus. Ve- 
 nice. 1504. Folio. 
 
 Editio Sfxunda. The title is precisely the same as in the pre- 
 ceding edition ; but the device of the anchor is here, beneath, relieved 
 hy shade; whereas, in the former, it is in outline. A difference in ty- 
 pographical arrangement is also observable in the termination of the 
 life of Demosthenes, by Plutarch ; as the following comparison will 
 shew. 
 
 Edit. Originalis. Edit. Skcunda. 
 
 [isv ouv 8>)/*oo"d£v oug ome rof, ovx. 6irl^ev<re. tov [xlv oiiv 
 ^sig <roVo-»e /3/ov. 10 8ijjM.oo-^gv'oyf azTi^ii; 
 
 cov >]jtie«j av'g- <To<T<yis ^lov. h^ 
 
 xov<ra- yvMt 
 
 [i-ev. jLtev 1^ 8»j)xoy(rajtAsv. 
 
 The distribution of matter is as before : with the same number of 
 lines in each full page ; which is 46. The first Olynthic oration begins, 
 as before, at p. 1, sign, bb ; but has only 41 lines and not 43, as the iirst 
 edition ; and by the side of bb, or rather in the middle, at bottom, is
 
 14 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [jrithout Date. 
 
 ' Demosth.' which is not in the first edition. In this second edition 
 the contractions are not so numerous ; and the type, from the two 
 copies before me, appears to be more worn. At the end of p. 320 
 the same text occurs ; and at p. 1, sign. A. it is as before ; except that 
 * Demosth.' at bottom, is also added. What has been observed in the 
 preceding article, is sufficient for the present one, as to the remainder 
 of the text. The register however and colophon are different. In this 
 second the small letters of the signatures are put in roman ; in the 
 first, in italic. T he second ends thus : 
 
 Quaterniones omiies^ exceptis primo, 
 8c secundo quorum alter Quinternio^ 
 duernio alter. 
 
 Venetiis in aedib. Aldi. mense 
 Nouemb. M.D.IIII. 
 
 The foregoing, mth other variations mentioned in the Inirod. to 
 the Classics, vol. i. p. 296-8, is, I apprehend, the most minute descrip- 
 tion of these volumes which has yet been submitted to the attention 
 of the curioxis, Renouard is of opinion that this second impression is 
 less rare than the first ; but the noble Owner of these copies difiers 
 from this conclusion. In regard to relative intrinsic value, the stu- 
 dent should not hesitate in his choice of this latter — ' c'est celle que 
 le litterateur doit preferer U tous egards,' L'Imprim. des Aide ; vol. 1. 
 p. 77- The present, however, is rather an indiiferent copy of it : in 
 russia binding. 
 
 228. DicTYs Cretensis. Without Date, Places 
 or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. I venture to call this dateless edition the earliest 
 impression of the {tuthor, because it bears every mark of having been 
 executed by Ulric Zel at Cologne; and, as such, of being printed 
 before either of the editions of 1477. or 1498. This book has been 
 well and copiously described. De Bure, Bibllogr. Instruct, vol. v. 
 p. 475-9, is greatly in error, when he assimilates the type of it ' to 
 the editions published at Mentz by SchoefFer, about the year 1470 ;' 
 as Schoeffer never printed any impression of this author — and as the 
 Mentz types, used by Fust and Schoeffer, are very dissimilar from
 
 IVithout Date.] DICTYS CRETENSIS. 15 
 
 those of the present volume. De Bure's account is, in other respects, 
 curious and instructive ; and shews the present to be a very valuable 
 impression. That he means to describe the present one, seems con- 
 clusive, from his noticing the number of lines (27) which a full page 
 contains. 
 
 Meusel, in his valuable reprint of Struvius's Bibl. Historica, vol. ii. 
 pt. i. p. 78, notices De Bure's description, and apparently consents to 
 the conclusion of its being probably a Mentz edition ; from which it 
 is obvious that he had never examined it. He tells us, however, that 
 there is a fuller account of this impression (' uberior ejusdem recensio') 
 in Schwarz s Abhandlungen aus der Kirchen &;c.von D. lo.Barth. Riederer 
 (Altdorf. 1768), p. 451-473. Braun is the next bibliographer who has 
 given a particular account of it, and has censured De Bure for his 
 conclusion respecting its similarity to the ancient Mentz impressions : 
 — ' si [De Burius] de praesenti loquitur, valde hallucinatur, cum nullo 
 modo Moguntinos his typis, qui sculpti potius, quam fusi ^identur, 
 USDS fuisse, constet :' — ai'e his words: consult his Notit. Hist. Litt. 
 pt. i. p. 66-7. The idea of the present not being fmile types is, how- 
 ever, a very erroneous one. Denis has too hastily concluded that the 
 present is either a Mentz impression, or a Cologne one printed by 
 Therhoernen about the year 1470 ; Suppl. Maitt, p. 552, n". 4792. 
 According to Meusel, Therhoernen's impression has the express date of 
 1477; and Schwarz was absolutely in possession of it: Bibl. Hist. 
 vol. ii. pt. i. p. 77; where the Bibl. Swarz. pt.ii. p. 175, is referred to, 
 as containing a description of this latter edition. It now remains to 
 subjoin a brief, but accurate notice of the volume before us. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, the commencement of the prologue is 
 thus printed : 
 
 2inctptt prologue in ttoianam Dpj^totiam 
 
 There are 25 lines beneath, and a full page contains 27 lines. The 
 first book begins on the reverse of the first leaf, nearly at bottom, 
 thus: 
 
 SS^ciXi troiani iihtv jirimujsf 
 
 In the whole, theie are G8 leaves. The recto of the last leaf has 9 
 lines preceding the bottom one ; which latter is as follows : 
 
 €rpiitit Iji.sftoria troiani bpctp.^ crctcnisfiisf
 
 16 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \Without Date, 
 
 It seems hardly necessaiy to add, that there are neither signatures, 
 catchwords, nor numbers to the leaves. La Serna Santander is rather 
 brief. Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. ii. p. 370. n°. 541 ; noticing the copy 
 of it in the Gaignat collection : Cat. de Gaignat. vol. ii. n°. ^847- The 
 present copy is in very sound condition, and is superbly bound in 
 blue morocco. 
 
 229. Dio Chrysostomus. De Regno. TVithout 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Octavo. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Latinb. This small and neatly executed volume 
 is of veiy considerable rarity. It was erroneously supposed by Laire, 
 Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 132-3, to have been printed by Ulric Han; 
 but, as Audifiredi has justly remarked, the type is in- every respect 
 dissimilar ; being more elegant, and partaking rather of the Venetian 
 character. Edit. Rom. p. 31-2. Maittaire has assigned to it the date 
 of 1469, on account of the prefatory epistle of the translator, Piccolo- 
 mini (of which presently), bearing this date; and Panzer has, accor- 
 dingly, given it the first place in his ivth volume, under the year 1469. 
 But I apprehend this to be erroneous, and that the volume was not 
 printed before the year 1471. See Maittau'e's Aimed. Typog. vol. i. 
 p. 283. Audiffredi is silent respecting the supposed period of its exe- 
 cution ; observing only, that he considers it to be the ' most ancient 
 of all those printed in the xvth century.' Seemiller has a very par- 
 ticular and exact account of it ; and supposes it to have been printed 
 at Rome, either in 1468 or 1469 : an opinion which is repeated by 
 him towards the conclusion of his description. After noticing its dif- 
 ference, and superiority, to the types of Sweynheym and Pannartz, he 
 justly remarks as follows : * Papyrus firmitatem pergameni vix non 
 adaequat, estque mundissima. Atramentum est nigerrimum, ut ne 
 hodie quidem nigrediuis quidquam amisisse videatur,' Incunab. Typog. 
 Fasc. i. p. 17-19. We will now give a particular description of this 
 rare volume. 
 
 The first leaf presAits us with the address of Cardinal Piccolomini 
 to Maximilian, the son of the Emperor Frederick III. This address 
 terminates at the bottom of the reverse of the leaf, and is thus dated : 
 
 Vale. Ex urbe. kal. Ian. M. cccc. 
 Sexagesimonono.
 
 renice; 1499.] DIO CHRYSOSTOM. 17 
 
 The following is the commencement of Piccolomini's epistolary 
 address to Pope Nicolas V. on the recto of the second leaf, without 
 prefix : 
 
 NTER. OMNES. RE/ 
 
 rum scriptores Nicolae q^nte 
 Pontifex niaxime ^l iussu tiio 
 i Roman u uertutur sermone 
 nuUuni ego principi nee aptiorem 
 nee magis neccssariu puto. qua dione 
 hunc prusaensem quern ego nuper 
 iterptatus sum. Scribit eni de regno 
 idest de rebus iis qu£e ad principem 
 instituendu pertinent. 8cc. 
 
 This epistle terminates on the recto of the 3rd leaf ; beneath which, 
 after a small space, the work begins. Both these introductory pieces 
 are reprinted in the Bibl. Smith, pt. ii. p. lxxi. A full page contains 
 23 lines. On the reverse of the 70th and last leaf, the woik terminates 
 thus : 
 
 Na nobis adeo facta? sut. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 In the present copy, 58 folio is blank ; but nothing seems wanting. 
 The perpendicular water-marks denote this impression to be printed in 
 octavo, or small folio, and not in quarto ; — as preceding bibliographers 
 have described it. It has, however, very much the appearance of a Pot 
 quarto ; and AudifFredi was doubtful under which of the two forms it 
 ought to be noticed. There is a tolerably good description of the 
 volume in the Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 60 ; from which collection the 
 present large and legitimate copy was obtained. The paper is of a 
 remarkably firm texture. It is bound in red morocco ; foreign binding. 
 
 230. Dio Chrysostomus. De Ilio non capto. 
 Printed by JBernardinus T'^enelus. Venice. 1499. 
 Quarto. 
 
 This is the second impression of the Latin version by Philelphus, of 
 the work above described : the first having been printed at Cremona 
 
 VOL, II. u
 
 18 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Jenson, 
 
 in 1492, and being the first work which issued from the Cremona 
 press. Consult Panzer, vol. i. p. 351; but see La Serna Santander's 
 Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 272-3. The present impression is joined 
 to the Editio Princeps of Petronius Arbiter (for which, vide post.), 
 and commences thus : 
 
 Dion Chrysostomus Prusensis philosophus ad Ilienses : 
 Ilii captiuitatem iion fuisse aperte demonstrat 
 Franciscus Filelfus e graeco traduxit. 
 
 Petronius Arbiter Satyricus. 
 
 On the reverse begins an address of the translator to L. Aretin. On 
 the reverse of A iii, at top, begins the Latin version from the Greek 
 original A B C D E are in fours : F has five leaves. On the reverse 
 of F v, at bottom, we read the following colophon : 
 
 Laus Deo Finis. 
 
 Impressum Venetiis per Bernardinum 
 
 VenetQ De Vitalibus Anno diii 
 
 • M. ccccxcix. Die decimo/ 
 
 octauo Mensis lulii. 
 
 The present is a neat copy, in calf binding. 
 
 231. Diogenes Laertius. Latine. Printed hy 
 Jenson. Venice. 1475. Folio. 
 
 This is the first impression of the Latin version with a date sub- 
 joined ; although it is probably a subsequent production to the one 
 described in the ensuing number. Its beauty is greater than its rarity ; 
 but both these qualifications, however great, have not been able to 
 defend it from sevei'e animadversions upon its want of intrinsic worth. 
 "We will first give a bibliographical account of it, and afterwards sub- 
 join some intelligence which may not be devoid of interest. 
 
 De Bure and La Serna Santander (the latter merely copying the 
 former) have both described it in a manner sufficiently superficial. 
 Mittaielli and Rossi have been, as usual, more copious and exact : the 
 former truly observing — ' Luculentissimos characteres habet haec 
 editio ;' and the latter as justly calling it, ' egregium typographicae
 
 renice; 1475.] DIOGENES LAERTIUS. 19 
 
 elegantiae specimen." App. Seec. v. col. 137-8. Bibl. Magliabech. vol. i. 
 col. 612. On the reverse of the first leaf begins the address of Bene- 
 dictus Brognolus * ' to his generous patrons, Laurcntius Georgius and 
 Jacobus Baduarius.' On the second page of this address, we have the 
 following interesting notice of the printer, Jenson : — 
 
 Omitto g> cu niuUi sint ipressores in hac excelle 
 
 tissima in oi rei u genere ciuitate ab eo uideba Diogene Ipri 
 nieiidum esse : q. sine cotrouersia caeteris oTbus eius arti- 
 ficii niagistris niultu etia antecedit Nicolao iensone : (^ ea 
 est no mo industria : ueru etia ^bitatc religionc ac aliis 
 uirtutibus ut ad illiistiiQ uiroru 8c etia sumi pontificis 
 familiaritate ^uenorit : nee dice q intelligeba nuUQ 
 sumptu fuisse impedimento quo minus etia qcquid aliud 
 opus esset ad hac rem qoptimu paretur : ut cu reliqua 
 esset egregie parata : 8c c. 
 
 • 'BENrnicTus Brognolus siueBRUGNOi.usleniacensis(LF.GNANo)virfuitlitteris probe 
 excultus, et grammaticusajtatissuffi excellentissimus, quod interalia ingenii nionumentaPrisciani 
 ' de octopartibus orationis' libri, quos emeiidauit, testantur.' Freytag, Adpar. Litterar. vol. ii. 
 p. 795. Menage, the celebrated editor of Diogenes Laertius, observes that Julius Caesar 
 Scaliger, had been a pupil of Brognolus ; but, as Frcy tag justly remarks, the obser^•ation is 
 void of truth, llie letter of Joseph Scaliger, the son, wliich Freytag subjoins, and which 
 puts the subject beyond contradiction in favour of Freytag's inference, is so interesting upon 
 this point, that I cannot forbear inserting it in the present place : ' Cum heroum suorum 
 opus (quod prodiit Lugd. Bat. 1539, 4to.) contexens ad multum noctis lucubrasset, absolute 
 libro, jxjst caenuJam quiete corapositus, imaginattis est [pater meus] in »de Mariae antiquje 
 Veronensis, vbi sunt nionimenta gentis nostra, hominem proccrum, ac gravera sibi ob\iam 
 factum sccum expostulare, quod se inter heroas suos non collocasset. orare igitur, ut hoc 
 faceret : se Benedictum Brugnoi.um esse, domo Lf.niaco, qui patrem Benedictum ac 
 patnios llteras prinias docuisset : ipsum quoquc puerulum aliquaudo inter ulnas gestasset. 
 Venetiis se ullimum diem obiisse, ibique scpultum esse, Experreclus, somnium elegia ele- 
 gantissima expressit, quae calci heroum addita est. Ipse vero nunquam scivit, quis esset 
 Bnigiiolus ille, neque quid portcnderet somnium. Et profecto ego quoque nihil unquam 
 aliud, quam somnium credidi, donee anno 1566, cum esscm in Italia, ct M. Antonio 
 Mureto exposuissera, me halK?re in animo Venctias proficisci, ille inter alia, quae in ea urbe 
 digna cognitu sunt, refeit raonimcntum esse Benedicti Brugnoli, leniacensis, excel- 
 lentissimi asvo suo gramniatici, qui, ut ejus cpitaphium fert, et principes et proceres aevi sui 
 in Korico litteras docuerit. Id sci)ulcruni digiium esse quod studiosos antiquitatis oculos 
 moraretur. Neque tamen raagis niemuiorat Murctus somnii patris mei, quam pater meus 
 sciebat, quis esset Benedictus Brugnolus.' Freytag adds the elegy written by Juhus 
 Cajsar Scaliger, the father ; which is very elegant and interesting, but is too long for inser- 
 tion. It is singularly entitled ' Somnium non fictuni de re tamen pcnitus ignota mihi.' ibid.
 
 20 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renice; 1475. 
 
 It was not till after this extract had been made, that I discovered a 
 part of it, with the abbreviations filled up, in Mittarelli: but the pre- 
 ceding proves that I have consulted the original text. The passage 
 cannot fail to be interesting to all lovers of ancient typography. The 
 address of Brognolus terminates on the reverse of the second leaf : it 
 is dated ' Venice, August. 147.5.' On the recto of the 3d, and following 
 leaf, commences the epistle or prologue of the translator, ' Brother 
 Ambrosius' — * Traversarius, monachus Camaldulensis' — as Freytag 
 observes. On the recto of the 4th leaf is the table * secundum ordinem 
 librorum.' On the recto of the 5th, begins the Latin version of the 
 author. The reverse of fol. 182, exclusively of the preceding leaves, 
 presents us with the conclusion of tlie volume, and tiie imprint — thus: 
 
 Impressum Venetiis per Nicolaum lenson gallicum. An/ 
 no domini. M.CCCC.LXXV. die xiiii. augusti. 
 
 Finis philosophorum uita. 
 
 It has been before observed that the intrinsic worth of 1 he present 
 impression is very questionable : indeed its condemnation has been 
 pronounced by more than one acute scholar and cril ic. The translator, 
 Ambrosius, had requested Philelphus to supply Latin metrical versions 
 of the original Greek verses found in Laertius ; with which request 
 Philelphus had promised to comply, but was not good enough to keep 
 his promise ; and these versions were afterwards supplied by Brognolus. 
 Ambrosius complained heavily in consequence ; which so exasperated 
 Philelphus, that he wrote a bitter satire against him ; which may be 
 found in Freytag, vol. ii. 794 — and, in a letter to D. Acciaioli, he 
 bestows upon the translation of Ambrosius a plentiful portion of abuse 
 and ridicule. Menage followed the example of Philelphus, and shewed 
 himself not backward in attesting his ill opinion of the labours of the 
 present translator. Paulus Jovius has qualified his dispraise of the 
 version, by obsendng that Ambrosius had been too intent upon the 
 stile of the studies of the Evangelists — and that he had sufficient talents, 
 but wanted courage and inclination, for the undertaking. Huet com- 
 plains of the rudeness of his style, and of his frequent aberrations 
 from the sense of the original. Baillet, Jugemens des Savans, vol. ii. 
 pt. iii. p. 310. edit. 1725. These opinions are more briefly collected 
 by Fabricius, in his Bibl. Grcec. lib. iv. c. xix ; vol. v. p. 569 : edit. 
 Harles. Harles has adduced the still more severe criticism of Rossi ; 
 who calls the version of Ambrosius ' Incomta ac fere barbara.' The
 
 Without Date.] DIOGENES LAERTIUS. 21 
 
 reader, if he pleases, may consult the numerous authorities referred to 
 in Panzer, vol. iii. p. lOG ; but the principal ones have been already 
 detailed. The interesting epistle of Brognolus may be seen in the 
 Bibl. Smith, pt. ii ]). cxxxiv. The present is a neat, but slightly 
 stained, copy of one of the most beautiful volumes printed in the xvth 
 century. It is bound in old led morocco. 
 
 232. Diogenes Laertius. Latinc. PVithout 
 Date, Place, or Printer s Name. Folio. 
 
 The compiler of the Crevenna catalogue, Laire, Rossi, and Harles, 
 all agree in conjecturing the present impression to be more ancient 
 than the preceding one, although it is deficient in a date. The very 
 aspect of the types, and the mode of arranging them, shew, at least a 
 less skilful typographical artist ; and as blanks are left, where the 
 original Greek verses occur, without any mention or introduction of 
 translation, it is almost conclusive that it is an earlier effort of the 
 press. If the preceding impression had been known, these blanks 
 would not have appeared ; as they might have been filled up by intro- 
 ducing the version of Brognolus. Rossi speaks of the edition being 
 ' beautiful, and the types round, with an elegant form ;' but it hardly 
 merits such praise. Tliere is a sufficient degree of neatness in the 
 impression, and the types are delicate and legible : it is also printed 
 with great attention to marginal amplitude ; but the lines are too 
 closely set together. It is much scarcer than the preceding one, and 
 has escaped De Bure and La Serna Santander. Fossi is copious in 
 his description ; but the following account will not be found either 
 faithless or uninteresting. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf is an address with the following prefix : 
 
 Prestatissimo in christo patri : &: domino Oliucrio 
 carrafe Cardlnali Neapolitan© Elius Franciscus 
 March isi us perpetuatn. S. D. 
 
 This address commences by the editor's avowal, to the Cardinal, of 
 the urgent entreaties which, a few months before, he had received 
 from his friend Pomponius, ' vir apprime eruditus,' to publish a revised 
 text of the translation of his author ; which had not only become rare, 
 but was in a most corrupt state ' by the carelessness and ignorance of 
 printers.' The editor at first declined, from a consciousness of his
 
 22 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice; 1499. 
 
 inability ; but proceeded, by the efiFectual aid of Theodore Gaza, his 
 fiather ; ' qui studiosos omnis mirifice aniplectitur. studiisque ac 
 doctrina fouet. nee laboribus ullis neque senectuti parcit.' A fine 
 character of a vigorous old age ! In his translation, however, Mar- 
 chisius takes care to follow, pretty faithfully, the previous version of 
 ' Brother Ambrosius.' He thus speaks of his own enthusiasm and 
 energy in the work : — * although a fever (quartana adgravaute) had 
 admonished him to seek the recovery of his health, by a remission 
 of his studies, yet such was the pleasure he derived from the under- 
 taking, that the disease could not gain the mastery over him, so as to 
 make him desist from the attempt, till he had delivered it in a state 
 fit for the press.' 
 
 This address, from which Fossi has given a copious extract, occupies 
 2 pages and a half. Upon the conclusion of it, we have an alphabet 
 * per ordinem litterarum ;' ending on the reverse of the 2d leaf. On the 
 recto of the following leaf begins the text, withthe first 9 lines indented. 
 As far as fol. 104, inclusively, the paper is stout, and the water-marks, 
 being horizontal, denote the volume to be a quarto ; but afterwards, 
 and to the end, the paper is comparatively thin, and the water-marks 
 are perpendicular — so that it may be called a folio: a singular circum- 
 stance, which, however. Lord Spencer observes, is not of very unfrequent 
 occurrence. In the whole there are 140 leaves. On the recto of the last, 
 at bottom, without any other indication of conclusion, it is as follows : 
 
 Finis Philosophorum uita . : . 
 
 Panzer, vol. iv. p. 122, is brief in his account. Consult Bibl. Crevenn. 
 vol. iv. p. 215-217 ; Laire's Index Lihror. vol. i. p. 361 ; Bibl. MagUabech. 
 vol. i. col. 610 ; and Fabric, Bibl Graec. edit. Harles. vol. v. p. 569. 
 The present copy is elegantly bound in russia. 
 
 233. DioscoRiDEs ET NicANDER. Gr. Printed 
 hy Aldus. Venice. 1499. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the following title : (8 lines in 
 the Original.) 
 
 IlsSaxjoo Aioa-Kopi^ov avaKagfiecaa- Trepi uArjo" lurpu^a- 
 Koyoi e^. Et» Trep loj36Xcov Iv cb xai Trspl Auccovtoct Kuvog. crrj- 
 fistaxrlo- re toov virau tcLv hsdrjyixevm xa* ^spuirsia. 'Nixavdpou 
 Tou xoXoipwvJou 7r(»)jT0u ^YipictKU. |U,£Ta cr^oXluiv. ToD awTO«r
 
 Fenice; 1482.] EUCLID. 23 
 
 A Greek epigram upon Nicander, in four verses, is beneath. On 
 the reverse is the addi'ess of Aldus to Jerom Donatus, his fellow coun- 
 trj'man: this is dated M.ID. An index follows, on the recto of * ii; 
 comprehending 5 leaves. At the conclusion we have 4 lines "Ex t«jw 
 '^oulda : the reverse being blank. On the recto of sign, a begins the 
 text of Dioscorides ; the ixth book of his work ending on the reverse 
 of TT ix, with a register ; from which we learn that the signatures, 
 from a to TT, run in eights — rr, having 10 leaves ; and the tenth being 
 blank. Nicander begins on the recto of A, and ends thus, on the recto 
 of E vj — in eights : 
 
 Venetiis apud Aldum. Meiise lulio. M.ID. 
 
 According to Renouard, Dioscorides contains 129, and Nicander 38, 
 leaves. Then commence the Scholia upon the Alexipharmaca of 
 Nicander, on the recto of «, terminating on the reverse of a x : ten 
 leaves. They are printed in double columns ; having the word TEAO^ 
 at the bottom of the last column. The Scholia of this work are of 
 very rare occurrence. Renouard had not seen them when he published 
 his first two volumes of L' Imprimerie des Aide, vol, i. p. 28 ; but they 
 are briefly and correctly noticed by him in vol. iii. p. .5. Maittaire, 
 vol. i. p. 687. merely notices the existence of them. De Bure is 
 brief and superficial ; vol. ii. p. 316, n°. 1550 : being ignorant of theii- 
 existence. Seemiller properly observes that they are printed in a 
 dififerent type from that of the body of the work, Incunab. Typog. 
 Fasc. iv. p. 111-112. Laire appears to have been ignorant of them: 
 Index Libror. vol. ii. p. 248. It is not very improbable that the 
 Scholia were a posterior publication ; as they are printed with a dif- 
 ferent type — in the same form as those of Demosthenes : p. 12, ante. 
 The present is a verj* clean copy, slightly cro])t. In red morocco. 
 
 234. EucLiDEs. Elementa. Latine. Printed hi/ 
 Ratdolt. Venice. 1482. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps, Braun has not bestowed exaggerated praise 
 upon this impression, when he speaks of it in the following terms : 
 ' Editio haec elegantissima, ac oumium eruditorum sestimationem me- 
 retur,siue characterum gothicoixim nitor, slue chartae praestantia, siue 
 figurse in latcrali margine adcuratte expressae, spectentur,' &c. In a 
 note in the Introd. to the Clmsics, vol. i. p. 327. the reader may Jiave
 
 24 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ratdolt, 
 
 perused a sufficiently interesting, although brief, account of this beau- 
 tiful volume ; which, in the present place, demands a particular and 
 extended description. Bibliographers seem to have vied with each 
 other in commeudatioii of it. 
 
 We may first generally remark, that the paper is excellent both in 
 regard to substance and tone ; that the letter is rather small, but 
 neat ; the ink, of a fine glossy black ; and the capital initials are 
 blooming ones, cut in wood, and relieved by white upon a black 
 grovmd. A specimen of similar capital initials had appeard, five years 
 before, from the same ingenious printer, in the Appian of 1477: vide 
 vol. i. p. 254. The margin of this present impression is ample ; and 
 the introduction of geometrical figures in the same, very neatly exe- 
 cuted in metal, give it an air of great elegance and interest. We now 
 proceed to a more particular description. On the reverse of the first 
 leaf there is an interesting address, in 34 lines, by Ratdolt, concerning 
 the printing of the volume ; in which he tells his patro)i, INIocenicus, 
 that there were plenty of excellent works published in the city of Ve- 
 nice, but that scarcely any thing connected with mathematical studies 
 appeared : or that, what did appear, was generally frivolous and con- 
 temptible. He accounts for this, from the difficulty of illustrating pro- 
 blems by means of geometrical figures; and adds justly — ' sine quibus 
 nihil in his disciplinis fere mtelligi optinie potest.' ' Therefore he sets 
 about, with gi-eat diligence, spirit, and labour, the manufacturing of 
 his own figures.' These are placed in the margin, and are evidently 
 of metal composition ; as the neatness and distinctness of the letters, 
 introduced within the circles and squares, &c. clearly demonstrate. 
 On the recto of the second leaf the work begins, in a very handsome 
 page, decorated with a broad printed arabesque border, and mathema- 
 tical figures in the margin ; having, at top, the following lines in red : 
 
 ^reclarif^imu^ \\btt clementorum <^uclitii.sr per^sfpr 
 cacifisiimi : in artem <^tmmtxit incipxt qua foeltcifjsime : 
 
 This is printed in the large lower-case Gothic tyv^ ^i^h which the 
 entire page, and the previous address, are executed. Almost the whole 
 of the remainder of the work is printed in a smaller letter. On the 
 reverse of r vij (in eights) is the following colophon, in 4 lines : 
 
 Opuifif clemctttom cuclitii^ mcgarcn^sfi^ in geomctria 
 arte %n iU quoqj Canipant g^picacifisiaii Comcnta^
 
 renke; 1482.] EUCLID. 25 
 
 tione0 finiut. €t^iivb\i^ tattiolt 3luguj9ften!^ijGf ini^ 
 iBfafutii9f» 219 ,cccc,ijcroi» <Dctauij^. Cilcn. 3iun» Hector* 
 
 The three last words form one line in the original ; and are, there- 
 fore, printed at a considerable distance from each other. The volume 
 is without numbers to the leaves. 
 
 In the third place, we proceed to observe upon the notices of this 
 work by various bibliographers. Maittaire, Annul. Typog. vol. i. p. 434, 
 has extracted the entire address of Ratdolt ; and Braun a })art of it. 
 Notit. Hist. Litt. pt. ii. p. 93-4. In other respects, Maittaire's account 
 is brief, while Braun's is copious and interesting. Clement had seen 
 the edition, and describes it with his usual animation. He sets out, 
 however, by doubting the accuracy of Ehinger ; who, in his Cat. Bibl. 
 Augustan., 1G33, fol. col. 667, had observ'ed that this preface was 
 printed in golden letters — which Clement wholly disbelieves ; but 
 a copy of this description was in the library of Consul Smith (now in 
 his Majesty's collection,) and is mentioned in the Bibl. Smithiana, 
 p. CLXi. A similar copy is noticed in Laire's Index. Lihror. vol. ii. 
 p. 59, n°. 10. See the Bibl. Curieuse; &c. vol. viii. p. 143-4. Both 
 Clement and Braun make mention of Kaestner's description of this 
 edition, in a brochure published at Leipsic in 1750, 4to. which was 
 dedicated to Cardinal Quirini, and drew forth an interestmg reply 
 from his Eminence. It had, indeed, been before noticed by Zapf, 
 in his Augsburgs Buchdruckergeschichte, vol. i. p. IGO ; who is copious 
 in his authorities, and gives a fuU page to the description of it. 
 Nor is the account of Seemillcr to be slighted. This latter bibliogra- 
 pher is particular in his description, and does not fail to notice the 
 extreme beauty and rarity of the impression, Incunab. Typog. fasc. 11. 
 p. 108. He refers to De Bure, vol. ii. n°. 1959 ; where there is a very 
 meagre mention made of it; but where the notice of a copy in Consul 
 Smith's library, upon vellum, is perfectly correct. De Bure relies 
 upon the small catalogue of Bibl. Smithiana, p. 25, containing the 
 volumes printed only in the XVth centuiy ; where the word ' Perga- 
 mena' is in capital letters. In the large catalogue, before referred to, 
 this word is in italics; but it is, nevertheless, indicative of the copy 
 bemg printed upon vellum.* Fossi, Bibl. Magluibech. vol. i. col. C43, 
 
 • In the Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. p. 327, note, the same copy b mentioned. RJc. G. 
 Nicol, liis Majesty's bookseller, informs me tliat it is of singular beautj-, and in fine pre- 
 lervation. 
 
 VOL. II. s
 
 26 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 is particular and exact. See Panzer, vol. iii. p. 587 ; and particularly 
 Zapf s warm eulogy upon the merits of Ratdolt : Annul. Typog. August. 
 p. XXXV. &c. The present is a fine large copy, botmd in red morocco. 
 
 235. Euripides. Gr. TVithout Date, Place, or 
 Printer's Name ; hut considered to he eocecuted 
 hy Franciscus de Alopa at Florence. Quarto. 
 
 Editiq Princeps of the four following plays : Medea, Hippolytus, 
 Alcestis, and Andromache. This well-known impression, like those 
 of ApoUonius Rhodivis and Callimachus (vide vol. i. p. 252, 291-3) ha 
 printed in capital letters ; and was considered by the late Professor 
 Person, to be of such rarity and worth, that in his own edition of the 
 Medea, he made a most careful collation of the present text. The 
 Professor's words are — ' Hanc editionem, cum et rarissima est, ct im- 
 penso pretio veneat, summa cum religione, ne dicam superstitione, 
 contuli.' It is divested of Scholia, and begins, on the reverse of the 
 first leaf, A\ith the Greek alphabet, in capital letters, in one line. Be- 
 neath, we have as follows : 
 
 AI. AT. EI. ET. 01. OT. Ai. Hi. I2i. Yi. 
 
 TnO'GE^I^ MHAEI'A^ ETPini'AOT. 
 
 This hypothesis or argument occupies the first and the subsequent 
 page. The third page, or the reverse of the 2d leaf, thus presents us 
 with the opening of the Medea : 
 
 ETPiniAOT MHAEIA 
 I0'I2"cI>EA'A''PrOTS MH' TPO*0':S 
 
 AIAnTA'20AI 2KA'<I>05 
 KCAKHNE^lS AI'AN KTA 
 NE'AS iSTMnAHTA'AAS. 
 MHAE"^' NA'nAlSl OHAIOT HEREIN nOTE' 
 TMH0EI2A OErKH. MH'A'E'PETxMi22Al XE'PAS 
 A'NAPilN A"Pr:2TX2N. O'T TO' nATXPT^ONAEPA^ 
 nEAI'Ai METHA0ON. OT TAP A'N AE'SnOIN^ETMH' 
 MH'AEIA nrPFOTS TH^ E'DAETSTXIAKIAS, 
 EPilTI ©TMO'N E'KnAAFEISTA'^ONO^. 
 &c. &c. &c.
 
 Rome; 1471.] EUTROPIUS. 27 
 
 A full page contains 28 lines. The signatures run in eights to N; 
 but K is repeated, and A is erroneously printed for M. On the reverse 
 of N ii we read the following conclusion. 
 
 TEAOS ETPI 
 niAOT 
 
 AN 
 
 APOMA 
 
 X 
 
 H 
 
 % 
 
 This valuable impression has been briefly noticed by Maittaire, vol. i. 
 p. 101 ; by Fabricius, Bihl. Grcec. curd Hades, vol. ii, p. 258 ; by 
 Harles, Introd. Ling. Grcec. vol. i. p. 306 ; and by Panzer, vol. i. p. 
 434. The first two authorities had seen it ; and the latter observes of 
 the text, that it is printed ' e MS. Codice non contemnendae notae.' 
 Neither Harles nor Panzer had, evidently, any knowledge of it ; and 
 Clement seems, indirectly, to bewail his ignorance of it ; Bibl. Curieuse, 
 &c. vol. viii. p. 164, note 90. Copies were in the Mead, Askew, Gaignat, 
 and Finelli collections : see Bibl. Mead. p. 214. n°. 1991; Cat. de Gaignat, 
 vol. i. n°. 1551 ; Bibl. Askev. n°. 1534 ; and Bibl. Pinell. n°. 9058. edit. 
 1790. These references are taken from a note in the Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol. i. p. 328. In the Royal, Bodleian, and Museum collec- 
 tions, there are also copies ; but a more beautiful, or a larger copy than 
 the present one, will with difficulty be discovered. It is quite clean ; 
 having one fifth of the leaves with the fore edges uncut. Superbly 
 bound in blue morocco. 
 
 236. EuTROPius. Printed at Borne. 1471. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. On the reverse of the first leaf at top, begins 
 a table of the head of each chapter, in each book. From the first 
 to nearly the middle of the Jth page, this table is chionological : it is 
 afterwards, to the end, alphabetical. The entire table occupies 8 
 leaves, or 15 pages. On the recto of the 9th leaf, the text begins 
 thus:
 
 28 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Rome; 1471. 
 
 Incipit Eutropig historiographus : 8c 
 
 posteum Paulusdiacong : de historiis 
 
 italice prouincie ac Romanorum. 
 
 Rimus in italia (ut quibusda placet) 
 regnauit lauus. deinde Saturng. loue 
 filiueGreciafugies: inciuitatequeex 
 eius nomie Saturnia dicta e : habitauit: 
 kc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. The text comprehends 96 leaves. On the 
 reverse of the last, at bottom. 
 
 Eutropius historiographus Rome impressus 
 Anno drii. M.cccc.lxxi. die lune. xx. Mensis 
 Mai Ponti. S. in xpo pris ac diii nostri domi 
 Pauii diuina ^uidentia Pape Secundi. Anno 
 eius Septimo Explicit. 
 
 This inijjression is unquestionably the production of Laver's press ; 
 and it is the most perfect specimen of it with which I am acquainted. 
 The author of the Harleian Catalogue, vol. iii. n°. 1057> has errone- 
 ously observed, that Maittaire was ignorant of this edition; but 
 Auditfredi and Verheyk veiy confidently assert that he was well ac- 
 quainted with it. The reader will find it specified in the Annal. Typog. 
 vol. i, p. 307, along with Tekentius Varro De Ling. Lat. This first 
 edition of Eutropius was superintended by Diaconus, who has taken 
 care to represent, with scrupulous fidelity, all the errors and inter- 
 polations of his MS. Verheyk (edit, 1739, prsef. xi.) observes, that 
 Fabricius, bibl. Lat. edit. 1721, vol. i. p. 578, has praised this editio 
 pi'inceps ; on the contrary, if the reader will turn to the passage re- 
 ferred to, he will find that the ' Breviarium Eutropii in antiq. edit. 
 Ronige, 1471,' is declared to be remnrkahly interpolated : — ' mire inter- 
 polatum legitur.' The words of Fabricius are repeated by his editor 
 Ernesti, vol. iii. p. 133. See De Bure, Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. n°. 
 4840; Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. p. 86-7; Bibl. Askev. n°. 1742; Cat. de 
 la Valliere, vol. ii, n°. 4875, which latter copy was purchased by Count 
 Revickzy for 901 livres. The information contained in these latter 
 lines, will be found in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. 343-4. The 
 present is a fine copy, splendidly bound in blue morocco.
 
 mthout Date.] FLORUS. 29 
 
 237. Florus. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. It is justly observed by Fabricius, in the Bill. 
 Lat. vol. ii. p. 442 (edit, 1773), that ' it is hardly possible to specify 
 the first edition of Florus. There arc four, without dates, from which 
 the priority of either is doubtful.' It will be seen from the present, 
 and the four subsequent, articles, that a yi/lf/i dateless edition here adds 
 to theuncei-tainty of the discussion. In conformity with the opinion of 
 most bibliographers, the first place in order is assigned to the present 
 impression. It is printed in a large Roman letter, which is not very 
 unlike the type used in the Homilies of Chrysostom printed at Rome in 
 1470 (vide vol. i. p. 194-5.) The lower-case fount has, however, a 
 closer resemblance to it than some of the capital lettei's ; especially the 
 Q, V, and O : but the impression was, in all probability, executed in the 
 house allotted to the Sorbonne Seminary, and the printers were Gering, 
 Crantz, and Friburger ;* who published it between the years 1470-2. 
 
 It commencess on the reverse of the first leaf, thus : 
 
 In. L. Annei Flori Epithoma de hystoria 
 Titi Liuii/ Argumentu foeliciter incipit ; 
 
 This argument occupies 13 lines. On the recto of the ensuing leaf 
 we read 
 
 Lucii Annei Flori de tola hystoria Titi 
 Liuii Epithoma foeliciter incipit ; 
 
 Opulus Romanus a rege Romulo/ 
 
 incasare Augustu. dec. perannos 
 
 tantuoperu/pacebelloq; gessit! ut 
 
 si quis magnitudine imperii cQ an/ 
 
 nisconferat! aitate ultra putet. Itaenini late 
 
 per orbem terraru arma circuntulit ! ut qui res 
 
 Sec. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 • The reversed semicolon, so frequent in the printing of the above ancient Parisian prin- 
 ters, is almost a decisive testimony in favour oi' assigniiij; this iniprcsbion to the press of the 
 tame arti>ts,
 
 30 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 This page contains 22, but a full one, 23 lines. On the recto of 
 the 89th and last leaf, the following is the whole that is printed 
 upon it : 
 
 imperium) romulus uocaret. Sed sanctius/ 8c 
 reuerentius uisum noaien augusti. ut scilicet 
 iain turn/ du colit terras/ ipso nomine 8c titu/ 
 lo consecraretur ; 
 
 L. Annei Flori epitoma de 
 Tito Liuio/ finit liber quartus ; 
 
 Some copies have the verses, quoted in the subsequent article, sub- 
 joined to the preceding extract ; but the present copy is without them. 
 This impression is unskilfully printed, upon paper of an unusually stout 
 quality. It is of very great rarity. I have consulted De Buie, and 
 La Serna Santander, as well as the authorities referred to by Panzer, 
 vol. ii. p. 270 ; but in neither of them will be found so faithful an ac- 
 count of this impression as is the foregoing. A variety of authorities 
 upon this point may be seen in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. p. 346-7. 
 The present is a beautiful copy in red morocco : French binding. 
 
 238. Florus. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Folio. 
 
 We will first give a somewhat more particular description of this 
 ancient* impression than has hitherto appeared. It commences thus 
 on the recto of the tirst leaf : 
 
 LVCII ANNEI FLORI EPITOMATVM 
 IN TITVM LIVIVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 PROOEMIVM. 
 
 OPVLVS ROMANVS a rege 
 Romuloi C^esarem Augustumsep 
 
 • Laire, in his Spec. Hist. Typog. Bom. p. 179, note f, mentions an edition of Florus, 
 appended to the Justin of 1472, printed by Swejiiheym and Pannartz. There is no 
 sucli impression of Floms in the co,)y of Jiistb, of tliis date, in the Library here described ; 
 and it is almost certiiin that no such impression is in existence. Laire does not men- 
 tion where a copy of it is to be seen ; whicli has properly excited the suspicion and severity 
 of Audiffredi, Edit. Rum. p. 98. Eruesti and De Bui-e had the same notion, with Lau-e,
 
 Without Date.} FLORUS. 31 
 
 tingentos per annos tantum operum 
 
 pace belloq; gessit. ut si quis magni 
 
 tudincni imperii cum annis conferat : ajta 
 
 tem ultra putet. Ita enim late p orbe terras 
 
 Xcc. 8cc. See. 
 
 having a still further indentation at the 7th line below the last pre- 
 ceding one. This first page has 32, but a full page contains 33 lines. 
 On the reverse of the 58th and last leaf, it terminates thus : 
 
 scilicet iam dudum dum colit terras ipse nomine 
 k. Titulo consccrarctur ;, . FINIS;. 
 
 F lorus liabet paruo ; numerosa uolumina Liui 
 
 Codice : in Italica maximiis historia. 
 N il latet hunc : ualeat quod honore nitere latino 
 
 Vel peregrina petas scripta : uel artis opus. 
 I nde fit ut ueteres scribendi miserit usus : 
 
 Atq, nouo redeat pra;ditus officio. 
 N am quod centeno consumpta uolumine ssecla 
 
 Viderat : in totidem nascitur usq; dies .* . 
 
 In regard to the antiquity of this impression, Panzer conceives it 
 may probably be the first. He relies chiefly upon the aulhorities 
 of Bibl. Smith, p. CLXXVii, and Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 69-71. Laire, 
 in his Index Libror. vol. i. p. 133-4, draws the same conclusion upon 
 the authority of the former. Maittaire, vol. i. p. 761, leaves tliis point 
 unnoticed ; but justly observes upon the thin and faded aspect of the 
 type and printing. In regard to the printer, Laire (very erroneously) 
 says the types resemble those of Jenson : on the contrary they are 
 more like Hailbrunn's. The ' e ' is remarkable ; being apparently 
 broken at top, and resembling the same letter in the Ausonius of 
 1472 : yet in the present work the top of the • e ' is flatter and less 
 perceptible. The paper is of a coarse texture. There are neither 
 heads of chapters (as in the preceding edition), numerals, catchwords, 
 nor signatures. The Abbe MorcUi ('Bibl. Pinell. ibid.) notices with 
 
 respecting the existence of a Florus of 1472 ; but if tlie reader will take the trouble of con- 
 sulting the hitrod. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 16, and note*, he will find that such an edition 
 of Florus is, in all probability, supposititious.
 
 32 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date, 
 
 justice the amplitude of the margin. The present is a very fine large 
 copy, bound in red morocco. 
 
 239. Florus. Without Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Folio. 
 
 Coxmt Reviczky, in his ms. addenda, has very justly noticed the 
 conformity of the gothic types of this edition Avith those of the ' Fasci- 
 culus Temporum' of 1474, and the ' De Remediis Utriusque Fortunae* 
 of 1471, with the name of Arnoldus Therhurnen, subjoined, as the 
 printer. This is probably the same edition of which Gruter and 
 Duker had so high an opinion; and the antiquity of which they con- 
 ceived to be more remote than that of either of the preceding ones. 
 In the absence of all positive evidence, the reader will di'aw his own 
 conclusion. My own opinion does not induce me to assign an earlier 
 date than that of 1473 to this impression. 
 
 It is printed in two columns. On the recto of the first leaf, is the 
 following prefix, executed in red ink : 
 
 %\\ti\ anci flori cpitoma itie^^t abBre 
 utatio tt cur^e^u ac ^tatu roniano2f a 
 funtiatone brbt^ ^ romulfi tj.jsfq^ ab 
 augu^tu. ^tmt^ [4]iiBroj^incipitfeli 
 
 On the reverse of the 24th leaf, at bottom of the second column, we 
 read as follows : 
 
 <Cxp!icit hxtiy aitnet flori lifier quartu^e?* 
 Eau^ xpo betur S)ic iJtilc ^i quit! Ijalietur 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, begins the opusculum ' De Commen- 
 datione Romani Imperii,' on the top of the first column : 
 
 E^e comcntiacoc tomani imperii* 
 
 comprehending 5 leaves ; and ending at the bottom of the first column, 
 on the reverse of the last leaf, thus : 
 
 Explicit iifieir tie ametiacoe inij^ij romi.
 
 TVithout Date.-] FLORUS. 33 
 
 This edition is printed in a small barbarous Gothic type, with very 
 black ink, upon paper of a coarse brown texture. There are neither 
 signatures, catchwords, nor numbers to the leaves. The divisions of 
 the chapters are marked by heads. IVIaittaire, vol. i. p. 751, note 3, 
 describes it as * charactere magis ad Gothicura accedente.' Laire 
 calls it 'editio penitus ignota :' the copy which he describes was 
 bound with the Fasciculus of 1474 by Therhurnen. Index Libror. vol. i. 
 p. 132-3. The present sound copy is bound in dark red-stained mo- 
 rocco. 
 
 240. Florus. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This is the edition which has been justly ascribed by the Abb^ 
 Morelli, in the Bihl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 71, to the press of Corallus, at 
 Parma ; being printed in the same character with which the Catullus of 
 1473 — according to the same authority — is executed. The prefatory 
 introduction of the editor, Beroaldus, to P. M. Rubeus of Parma, 
 commencing on the reverse of the first leaf, and occupying 2 pages, 
 informs us that the work was undertaken at the express entreaty of 
 • Stephen Corallus, a skilful printer.' The reverse of the 2d leaf is 
 blank. On the recto of the 3d leaf, the text begins thus : 
 
 LVTII FLORI GESTORVM ROMA. 
 NORVM EPITHOMA INCIPIT. 
 
 Opulus romanus a rege 
 Romulo in Csesarem Au/ 
 gustum septingentos per 
 annos tantum operu pace 
 belloq; gessit : ut si qiiis 
 magnitudine ipii cu anis 
 coferat atate ultra putet: 
 
 There are 16 lines beneath. A full page has 27 lines. The last book 
 concludes on the reverse of the 80 and last leaf, thus : 
 
 . L. Floii epithomatis liber ultimus . 
 
 .: FINIS :. 
 
 VOL. Ii. F
 
 34 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fTithout Date. 
 
 A small letter is inserted in the space of the capital initial to be en- 
 larged and beautified according to the fency of the illuminator. There 
 are catchwords in the inner margin, on the reverse of every leaf ; but 
 neither signatures nor numbers to the leaves. The type is large, 
 round, and extremely legible. Morelli does not scruple to call the book 
 * longe rarissimus.' The present is a handsome copy, in dark red- 
 stained morocco. 
 
 241. Florus. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Folio. 
 
 This impression, which has the singularity of having Gothic capitals 
 occasionally prefixed to the commencement of sections, &c. seems to 
 have escaped the notice of most bibliographers : it being obviously 
 difiFerent from either of those dateless editions, in the Roman cha- 
 racter, noticed by Panzer in vol. iv. p. l.'JO-l. It begins thus, on the 
 recto of the first leaf : 
 
 ftutii Amnei flori Romane 
 historic liber primus. 
 
 <i^pulos romanus a rege Romulo in Cesare 
 
 Augustum septingentos per annos tantum 
 
 p operumpacebelloq; gessit: utsiquismagni-- 
 
 tudinem imperii cum annis coferat J etatem 
 
 ultra putet. Ita enim ubiq; per orbe^ terra^ 
 
 arma late circutulit. ut qui res eius legant | no unius populi 
 
 sed generis humani facta discant. Namtotlaboribus | peri^ 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 36 lines. The occasional introduction of Gothic 
 initials is rarely seen after the 12th leaf, and is resumed at the last leaf. 
 On the reverse of the 48th and last, nearly at top, we read as follows : 
 
 Jinis est. 
 Slucii Amnei flori. liber quartus. de Romane 
 historic uniuerse Compendio finit. 
 
 Saus Deo.
 
 Withrjut Date.-] FLORUS. 35 
 
 This edition is indifferently executed ; but the page is well set up, 
 and the margin is ample. There aie neither signatures, catchwords, 
 nor numerals ; but the binall letter is imiformly inserted in the centre 
 of the space to be filled by the illuminated large capital initial. The 
 chapters are designated in lower-case Roman type. Bound in russia. 
 
 242. Florus. Printed hij Sigismund Rot d'hitz. 
 TFithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 On the reverse of a i, is the prefatory address of P. B[e]roaldus to 
 Count P. Maria Rubeus of Parma. The history commences on the 
 opposite j)age, upon the recto of a ii. The siguatiu"es run in eights ; 
 and the work concludes on the recto of g viij, at bottom, thus : 
 
 ^cr me injru^ c^igi.sfmutiu rot tiliitj SJmpf^orei ^efeni^es 
 
 This is a pretty copy of a neatly executed volume. The types have 
 a more exact resemblance to those of Guldinbeck, than to those of 
 Planck. The capital letters are precisely Guldinbeck's. A copy 13 
 in Cat. de la Valliere, vol. iii. n". 4870 ; and in Laire's Index Libror. 
 vol. ii. p. 7. A full page contains 29 lines. In blue morocco. 
 
 243. Florus. fVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Folio. 
 
 This impression, printed in the Roman letter, and appended to an 
 edition of Justin, commences on the recto of signature h iii of the 
 same ; and terminates on the reverse of 1 v — in sixes. The opposite 
 and last leaf contains the Register. The colophon will be given in 
 the account of Justin : post.
 
 36 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fe7tice; 1500. 
 
 244. Galenus. Therapeuticorum Lib. xiv.; 
 
 ET EoRUNDEM AD GlAUCUM LiBRI II. Gr. 
 
 Printed hy Calliergus. Venice. 1500. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. On the recto of the first leaf, in the present 
 copy, the word FAAHNO^ is printed, but evidently in a modern type ; 
 forming a gratuitous addition to the volume. On the recto of the 
 subsequent leaf, at top, sign. A /3, is a small whole length figure of 
 Galen ; of which the following is a fac-simile. Such ornaments are 
 rare in classical books of an early date. 
 
 This portrait, executed in black, is in the centre of a large handsome 
 horizontally oblong ornament, printed in red ink ; and surrounded by 
 the following inscription : TAAHNOT eEPAnETTIKHS ME0O- 
 AOT AOrOS nPi2T0^. Beneath, there are 36 lines of text, with 
 a large blooming capital initial E. A full page contains 50 lines. 
 The first book ends on the reverse of A viij. On B a, recto, begins 
 the second book, preceded by the following capital initial; which
 
 Venice; 1500.] 
 
 GALEN. 
 
 37 
 
 presents us with a beautiful specimen of the elegance of the press of 
 
 CaUiergus. 
 
 The second book ends on B viij, recto. The third commences on the 
 reverse, and ends on the recto of T vij. Fourth book begins on T vij 
 rev. ending on A vj. recto. Fifth book begins A vj. rev. — ends on E v, 
 rev. Sixth book begins on E vj. recto — ends on Z A (or A iiij) recto. 
 Seventh book, Z 8 reverse — to H y recto. Eighth book, H y reverse, 
 to €) a reverse. Ninth book, /3 recto, to vij recto. Tenth, vij, 
 rev. to I vj, recto. Eleventh, I vj, reverse, to K v, recto. Twelfth, 
 K v. rev. to A iij, recto. Thirteenth book commences on A iij, rev. 
 and concludes on M a reverse. The fourteenth begins on M ^ recto, 
 ending on M ix, reverse. On M x, recto, we are presented with ano- 
 ther, similar, decoration of the author's portrait, in the middle of a 
 large ornament, printed in red, with the following title ; FAAHXOT 
 nPOC FXauK12NA, 0EPAnETTIKI2N TI2X EIC AYO, BIBAION 
 itpctiYOS. Beneath, are 35 lines of text. The first of these two 
 books ends on the recto of N vj. The second book begins on the 
 reverse of the same, and ends on the reverse of H v. The colophon, 
 on the same page, is strictly as follows : 
 'Evs7/>)<nv eTwrdoQri i) iroifOu<ra $u^\o:, avctXiuiJiacri toO syysvouj xal 8ox»- 
 fiou uvipos xvpioD XjxoXaoy ^Xu^vJ tvj xprfTog. e7r^«p;)^0VTOj Avyov 
 
 lavlriv Ss^jcoj f^vjop^ouvTOj. ovx. avsu /xsvroi 7rpovo/i.»ou. eru tm xtto t^j Xpi 
 foO ygyTjo-so)?, yjiXio^M, 7rgyT«xo<riOfa>, 7ruavs\I/j«ivoj 7r£/x7r7rj l^c^LzVwi.
 
 38 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Plato de Benedictis; 
 
 The opposite and last leaf contains a register, with the title of 
 H TX2N TETPAPAmN DANTON I0TTHC ATTHCOI<i>IAE. 
 The device of Calliergus, as at p. 264. of vol. i. is beneath. 
 
 We have here another magnificent specimen of the early Venetian 
 press, under the conduct of Calliergus. The paper is excellent, the 
 body of the text very large, but relieved by a proportionate amplitude 
 of margin ; and of such extreme rarity is the work, that, as Count 
 Reviczky has justly remarked, Fabricius and many other bibliographers 
 were entirely ignorant of it. Maittaire, vol. i. p. 720, has given the 
 colophon without any observation or comment ; and I suspect that 
 Panzer has only construed this colophon into Latin, without having 
 seen the book ; see his Annal. Typog. vol. iii. p. 479. He refers to 
 the catalogue of Count Reviczky's books, p. 8G, and to Myl. Memorab. 
 p. 184. De Bure, and his inveterate opponent, the Abbe Rive, 
 Seemiller, and Braun, appear to have been entirely ignorant of it. 
 Mr. Beloe has a brief but correct notice of it : Anecdotes of Literature^ 
 &c. vol. V. p. 65-6. The present is rather a fine copy, with the ex- 
 ception of a few soiled leaves towards the end. It is bound in calf. 
 
 245. Herodianus. Latine. Printed hy Plato de 
 Penedictis. Pologna. 1493. Folio. 
 
 There is not a more beautifully executed volume of the xvth cen- 
 tury, in the present Collection, than the one now about to be de- 
 scribed. Whether it be equal, or superior, to the impression published 
 in the ensuing month, in the same year, and at the same place, in 4to. 
 by Bazalerius de Bazaleriis, (see Maittaire, vol. i. p. 558 ; copied by 
 Clement, vol. ix. p. 436,) I have not the means of determining. This 
 is the SECOND impression of the Latin version of Herodian; the first 
 having been published at Rome, in June, in the same year. See 
 Panzer, vol, ii. p. 510.* On the reverse of the first leaf we are pre- 
 
 * Audifiredi, in his account of this Roman impression, borrows largely from Mittarelli, 
 App. Cod. MSS. S. Michael, ^c. col. 193 ; and does not seem to disjjiite the coeval exist- 
 ence of a Greek printed text ; or rather, that the copy described by Mittarelli, contained a 
 Greek text, conformable to the version of the Roman impression. Speaking of the typo- 
 graphy of this Roman edition, he observes: ' Editio est optimo charactere Romano, cujus 
 vestigium nullum in aliis Romanis editionibus me vidissc memini.' Edit. Rom. p. 325. De 
 Bure (vide supra) says it is inferior in t^'pographical beauty to the Bologna edition of Plato 
 de Benedictis ; but it is questionable whether he ever saw this latter impression.
 
 Bologna; 1493.] 
 
 HERODIAN. 
 
 89 
 
 sented with the address of Politian, the translator, to Andreas Mag- 
 nanimus; dated 9th May, 1423. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, 
 a a. ii. begins the prefatory address to Pope Innocent vni ; occupying 
 both 5i<les of the leaf. On the recto of a a. iii. begins the Latin text 
 of the history, with the prefix in capital letters, printed in red. A 
 full page contains .35 lines. On the reverse of ii. iv, (in eights) we 
 have the conclusion of the text, the imprint, the register, and the 
 device. The imprint and device are as follow : 
 
 Quod quidem opus nouuni et aureum Plato de Bene- 
 dictis accuratissime Anno Domini. M.CCCC.LXXXXIII. 
 pridie kale, septembres Bononias ij pulcherrimis his 
 Caracteribus impressit. 
 
 The epithet above applied to the types, is by no means extravagant or 
 improper. They are smaller and rounder than the Aldine Roman 
 types ; and are more agreeable to the eye. The fine strokes are few. 
 Hence there is less sharpness and snapping of the letter. The margin, 
 which has, occasionally, observations printed upon it, is ample ; 
 and the condition of this copy such, as to render it a brilliant acqui-
 
 40 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Venice; 1474. 
 
 sition to any collection. There is an account of this impression 
 in Freytag's Adpar. Litterar. vol. i. p. G69 ; and in Seemiller's Incunab. 
 Typog. Fasc. iv. p. 34. Laii-e, Index Libror. vol. ii. p. 186, briefly 
 notices it ; and refers, not quite accurately, to the Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. V. n°. 4940 ; where the Roman edition appears to have been the 
 only one seen by De Bure. The present copy is elegantly bound in 
 russia. 
 
 246. Herodotus Latine. Printed hy Jacobus 
 Eubeus. Venice. 1474. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. On the recto of the first leaf is the commence- 
 ment of the address of Benedictus Brognolus to Nicolaus Donatus ; 
 having this prefix : 
 
 Integerrimo Atq; Optimo Patricio Nicolao Donato Bene^ 
 dictus Brognolus Salutem Plurimara dicit. 
 
 This is an interesting preface. The destruction of the Alexandrian 
 library, is thus sUghtly noticed at the bottom of the first page : ' ea 
 calamitas semel ptolemaide accidit uel in omne tempus deflenda ut ad 
 septingenta millia uoluminum dum a barbaris urbs ea diripitur incensa 
 fuerint.' The address or preface terminates at the middle of the recto 
 of the 4th leaf. On the recto of the 5th leaf commences the first 
 book of the version of Herodotus, with a title in one line, lower-case. 
 There are 35 lines to a full page ; and the volume contains 259 (pencil- 
 numbered) leaves. The colophon at bottom of fol. 259, reverse, is as 
 follows : 
 
 Herodoti Halicarnassei patris historiae traductio e graico 
 in latinii habita p ui&* eruditissimu Lauretiu Valese si- 
 gularem nostris teporibus ciue romanu sub Nicolao. v. 
 sOmo potifice. Venetiis ipressii e hoc opus p lacobQ 
 Rubeu natione Gallicu. Anno dni. M.cccc.lxxiiii. Ni- 
 colao Marcello duce Ven. 
 
 There is considerable similarity, at first glance, between the types 
 of this impression and those of Jenson. I suspect, indeed, that the 
 fount of letter, both of capitals and lower-case, is precisely the same; 
 and that the superior skill of Jenson, in working his press, together
 
 Fenice; 1502.] HERODOTUS. 41 
 
 with the types being newer in the time of the latter, has produced the 
 only diflFerence in the appearance of their several productions. Laire, 
 in his Index Libror. vol. i. p. 338-9 has properly corrected De Bure, 
 vol. V. n*'. 4742, for saying the prefatory epistle of Brognolus compre- 
 hends only 3 leaves. In the Gaignat Collection there was a copy of 
 this impression upon vellum, which was sold for 203 livres. See 
 Cat. de Gaignat, vol. ii. p. 83, n°. 2857 ; and the authorities referred 
 to in Panzer, vol. iii. p. 104, n*. 167. The present is a fair sound 
 copy ; in russia binding. 
 
 247. Herodotus. Latine. Printed in the House 
 of Peter de Majcimis. Rome. 1475. Folio. 
 
 This is the second impression of the Latin version of Herodotus by 
 Laurentius Valla. It begins on fol. i. recto, \vith a table oi Memorabilia, 
 which occupies 23 leaves. On the recto of fol. 24, begins the Latin 
 text of the history, thus : 
 
 Herodoti historici Incipit. Laureiitii 
 Vail.' conuersio de Gr^co in Latinum. 
 
 A full page contains 38 lines. The reverse of the last leaf presents lu 
 with the following rerses and colophon. 
 
 Miraris : fueiim cum scriptor ionicus : unde est 
 
 g) nunc Romanus perlegor Herodotus. 
 Magna quidem merito referenda est gratia Vall^ : 
 
 Hie meam pulchre traustulit historiam. 
 Res igitur priscas : memorandaq; facta uirorum 
 
 Qui cupit ex uno noscere : nostra legat. 
 Nam ne defuerunt nostra exemplaria Romp : 
 
 Arnoldi artifices consuluere manus. 
 In quibus Andreas Aleriensis Episcopus olim : 
 
 Extremam imposuit : nee sine laude limam. 
 
 Imprpssus Romp : Indomonobilis uiri Petri de 
 
 Maximis. Anno Salutis. M. CCCC. LXXV. 
 
 Die. XX. mesis Aprilis. Seden. Syxto. HII. 
 
 Pon. Max. Anno eius Quarto. DEO LAVS. 
 YOL. II. e
 
 42 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IFenice ; 1502. 
 
 The recto of the next leaf presents us with the register. It is justly 
 observed by A udifFredi, Edit. Rom. p. 182, that the types of this impres- 
 sion have an exact resemblance to those with which Sweynhejyn and 
 Pannartz printed : except that the a is somewhat more elegant, and 
 the i is occasionally dotted. The s final and the diphthong a also vary. 
 It is supposed to have been executed by Pannartz alone, and is among 
 the latest productions * in domo Petri Maximis.' There is a good ac- 
 count of this edition in Maittaire, vol. i. p. 348, note i ; in De Bure, 
 vol. v. p. 491, n°. 4743 ; in Panzer, vol. ii. p. 455-6, and Bibl. Magliabech. 
 vol. i. col. 769 ; in each of which authorities the preceding verses are 
 extracted. Mr. Beloe has an interesting notice of ' the palace of the 
 family of Maximis,' appended to his account of this impression: 
 Anecdotes of Literature, &c. vol. iv. p. 108. The present is a fair copy, 
 in russia binding. 
 
 248. Herodotus. Greece. Printed hy Aldus. 
 Venice. 1502. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. On the recto of the first leaf we have the title 
 of the work, in Greek and Latin : the whole, 15 lines. The small anchor, 
 in shadow, is beneath ; having AL on one side, and DVS on the other. 
 The reverse of the leaf, in small italics, presents us with the address 
 of Aldus to Calphurnius, Brixianus ; in which, among other pertinent 
 remarks, the printer observes — as Renouard has correctly extracted it — 
 ' Has nouem musas Herodoti in sedibus nostris nuper impressas .... 
 eb gratiores tibi fore existunamus, quoniam multis exemplaribus 
 castigatae emittuntur ex Academia nostra in manus studiosorum. 
 Nam Clio abundat a caeteris quibus cum contulimus exemplar nostrum, 
 decern propfe chartis, quae & in ea desunt, quae a Laurentio Valla 
 translata habetur . . . ,' It will be seen, from the sequel, that Aldus 
 was accurate in this statement. 
 
 On the recto of the second leaf, sign. aaAA ii, begins the first book, 
 or the text of Clio. On the recto of the last, the registers and the 
 imprint are in Greek and Latin. The signatures run in eights, 
 except the last, £2 SS ii, which has only four leaves : the imprint is as 
 follows : 
 
 V enetiis in domo Aldi mense Septerabri. m.dii. et cum 
 priuilegio ut in caeteris.
 
 Milan; H93.J HESIOD. 43 
 
 The reverse of the last leaf has the same anchor and letters as have 
 been before described. * Tn the opinion of Wesseling this is a very 
 faithful and accurate edition ; compiled with great care, and executed 
 with considerable typographical elegance. Bergler, in the Act. Erudit. 
 An. I7I6, p. 378, ranks it with the very best productions of the 
 Aldine press ; and in point of fidelity it is greatly preferable to the 
 Medicean MS. so loudly boasted of by Gronovius.' See the Introd. to 
 the Classics, vol. i. p. 356. De Bure is unpardonably brief and negligent 
 in his account of it : Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 488, n°. 4738. The 
 leaves, 140 in number, have no numerals. The common copies of this 
 first edition are neither very rare nor veiy dear ; but the large and 
 fine paper impressions of it, similar to the one here described, are, as 
 Renouard well observes, * des morceaux extrSmement pr^cieux, quand 
 ils se rencontrent bien conserves.' L'Tmprim. des Aide; vol. i. p. 54-5. 
 The present is indeed a magnificent specimen of the Aldine press. It 
 is bound in red-morocco. 
 
 249. Hesiodus. Opera et Dies. Greece. Sup- 
 posed to have been printed at Milan, in the year 
 1493. Folio. 
 
 Editio I'rincefs. There has been so much doubt and discussion 
 concerning this impression, that it requires to be noticed before we come 
 to a bibliographical description of it. A principal cause of ditference 
 of opinion was, that the Hesiod had been bound separately from the 
 Isocrates and Theocritus of the above date ; but the commencement of 
 the text upon sign. E. 1, is alone a sufficient demonstration of its not 
 having been published in a separate form. The type exactly resembles 
 that of the Isocrates of 1493 (vide post.) and the Gr. and Lat. Psalter 
 published at Milan in 1481 : vide vol. i. p. 125. Maittaire, wlio has 
 passed over the edition in the body of his work, introduces it in the first 
 part of his ivth volume, p. 64, 98 ; and justly observes that it has 
 both signatures and a register. There is a judicious note upon it by 
 Morelli in the Bill. Pinell. vol. iL p. 302 ; but Saxius has wandered 
 strangely from the tnithin supposing it to have been printed in 1483, 
 because some one had written this date in the copy which he saw: 
 Hist. Litt. Typog. Mediol. p. dlxxix.* Count Reviczky, in the Catalogue 
 
 • Tlie observation of Saxius is as follows : ' Extat in Bibliotheca Arcliintca : deest 
 ultima pagina, scd annum, nomenque Typographi, ex alio fortasse exemplari desimipta, 
 restituit diligens calamus.' Perhaps Sxxius never saw it ; as he does not notice in what 
 language it is printed. He makes Zarotus the printer.
 
 44 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Milan; 1493. 
 
 of his Books (Bibl. Revicz. 1784, — p. 8-9.) justly infers that it was 
 printed with the Isocrates in 1493 ; although it is not uncommon to 
 possess it in a separate form. In the Crevenna Collection neither the 
 Hesiod nor the Theocritus, of tliis form, accompanied the Isocrates ; 
 Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 58, n°. 3266 : but in the catalogue of the 
 public Library at Leyden (as Harles, Fabric. Bibl. Grcec. vol. i. p. 596, 
 has properly remarked) the Isocrates of 1493, and the Theocritus and 
 Hesiod of 1493, are distinctly specified. See Bibl. Lugd. Bat. p. 251. 
 De Bure appears to have been ignorant of its existence. We may 
 now proceed to a sufficiently particular, although brief, description of 
 the present impression. 
 
 It is boTind with an edition of Theocritus of the same supposed date; 
 and begins thus, on the recto of sign. E i : the capitals being printed 
 in red. 
 
 'HCIO'AOT TOT~ ACKPAI'OY 'EPFA 
 KAF' "HMEPAI. 
 
 KAe<oucr«» 
 
 Aey7£ 8j, evvsTTsis (Ti^sTepov 'TTurep* 
 
 V[j.veiou<rat. 
 *Ov7g diu^poToi a.vlps(T 6fM0<ya(pafoi re faroiTs 
 'P»]TOJT «pg>jTO»T£. Ajoj [j.sfa.\oio eX)JTJ. 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 A full page contains 30 lines or verses. On the reverse of fol. 13, 
 the • Works' end. On the recto of the ensiling leaf the ' Days' com- 
 mence in the following manner : 
 
 'HCIO'AOT 'HME'PAI. 
 
 ^ (jLora i'sxBioQev TrsipyXa/evoj so xaroi 
 
 [lolpav 
 TIs(pgcS£fisv diiws<r(ri. rpntixuda [x-Yipos 
 
 E pfar eiroTrlsvuv. i^S*. d.[Jiup\tYjv 8aTgacr.&ai. 
 E'uT av uXi^dsn^v \uo) xpivcovTSs ufwa-iv". 
 
 Beneath, are 20 verses. This Opusculum here contains but 2 pages 
 and half. See the Theocritus under the same year, post. The present 
 is a fine copy; in blue morocco binding.
 
 Fe7iice; 1495.] HESIOD. 45 
 
 250. Hesiodus. Opera Omnia. Grsece. Printed 
 hi/ Aldus. Venice. 1495. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princkps of the Entire Works of Hesiod, and subjoined 
 to an edition of Theocritus of the same date : for which, vide post. 
 Renouard has not exhibited his usual minuteness of description, in 
 his account of this very scarce impression. Of the contents of Hesiod 
 he has not taken any particular notice ; telling us, only, that the vo- 
 lume contains 140 leaves not numbered. His account of Theocritus 
 is more satisfactory. L'Imprim. des Aide, vol. i. p. 8-9. Other biblio- 
 graphers have been more particular. Maittaire, however, must be 
 excepted ; as his description relates only to the title : Annul. Typog. vol. 
 i. p. 590-1. De Bure has been rather unusually exact; Bibliogr. 
 Instruct. \'o\. iii. p. 194-6, n°. 2480. Laire is conect, but confines himself 
 to the title; referring to De Bure : Index Libror. vol. ii. p. 205-6. Braun 
 is rather copious ; concluding with these words — ' Editio elegantissima 
 haec, ac excellentissima typo nitido admodum & praestanti expressa 
 bibliothecarum cimeliis merito adnumeratur.' Notit. Hist. Litt. pt. ii. 
 p. 274. SeemiUer is perhaps still more particular. Incunab. Typog. 
 Fasc. IV. p, 60-1. Panzer has adopted the whole of Seemiller's de- 
 scription: Annul. Typog. vol. i. p. 378, n°. 1964. It must be remem- 
 bered, that the preceding authoidties comprehend the account of 
 Theocritus, &c. as well as of Hesiod. In regard to the latter 
 author, the ensuing notice is yet more minute than either of those 
 preceding it. For Theocritus, the reader will consult the following 
 pages, in the alphabetical arrangement of the authors. 
 
 The text of Hesiod begins as follows — on the recto of «. a. 
 
 *H*:SlO'AOY ©EOrONI'A* 
 
 OTSA'flN E*X»xc«v»aSa>v ap- 
 
 ' A»SeXixcwvo5 s^oixTiv ogog /«,£- 
 farSf ^a^sovTs. 
 
 cuirx Xdlmv 
 The ' Theogony* concludes on the recto of y. c. ii. recto: 
 TE'AOS TH2 HSI'OAOY GEOrONI'AS.
 
 46 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [De Faldezoch. 
 
 Beneath which, we read the following title to the ' Shield of Her- 
 cules,' 
 
 rno'0E2i:S THS A'Sni'Ao:s 
 
 On the reverse begins the IIO'NHMA : extending to 5 pages only. 
 On y. c. iiiii rect. the Shield begins ; occupying 12 pages. On 8. d. the 
 Opera et Dies begin : the former containing 9.6 pages. On the recto 
 of e e vj. the ' Dies,' with a separate title, begin. T have compared se- 
 veral passages of the text with that of the preceding impression, and 
 find no variations : nor indeed do there appear to me to be any be- 
 tween this and the second edition of the same poetical collection printed 
 by Aldus in the same year. On the recto of s e vij we read the fol- 
 lowing conclusion : 
 
 TE'AO^ TON TOT H'SIO'AOT 
 E''Pri2N KAI' H MEPi2N. 
 
 On the reverse of the same leaf is the register to Hesiod. On the 
 recto of the opposite and last leaf, we read the imprint, thus : 
 
 ImpressumVenetiis character ib us ac studio Aldi Manucii Ro^ 
 mani cum gratia^ Sec. .M.CCCC.XCV. Mense februario. 
 
 On the reverse, are the titles of the three preceding pieces ; as speci- 
 fied by De Bure. A full page contains 30 verses. The present is a 
 fair copy ; in red-morocco binding. 
 
 251. HiERoci.ES. In Aureos Versus Pythagor^. 
 Lat. Printed hy Bartholo7neus De T^aldezoch, 
 Padua. 1474. Quarto. 
 
 First Impression, and ' very rare and sought after ;' as De Bure 
 has justly observed : although the account in the Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. ii. n°. 1251, is not so valuable as is that in the Bibl. MagUabech. 
 vol. i. col. 771-3. The Index. Libror. vol. i. p. 339, and Bibl. Creven. 
 vol. ii. n°. 1511 refer only to De Bure. I shall submit a more particu- 
 lar description of it, than is given in either of the foregoing authorities. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we are presented with the commence- 
 ment of an address to Pope Nicolas V. by the translator Aurispa ; thus:
 
 Padua; 1474.] HIEROCLES. 47 
 
 AD NICOLAVM PONTIFICEM 
 .V. AVRISPAE IN HIEROCLEM 
 PRAEFATIO. 
 
 This preface occupies the first two leaves, or 4 pages. The follow- 
 ing is aa interesting extract from the 2d and 3d pages : 
 
 Studia 
 enirn omnis generis litterarum latum 
 per haec terapora creuerut : \t per octia 
 gentos ante annos nullus tarn magnus 
 Humerus : aut scriptoru : aut transfereti 
 um fuerit. In quo non solum prjEsentes 
 tibi raaxle obligant : sed etia praeteriti 
 hoes : k futuri : praeteriti $ eoru famam 
 mori no permisisti : futuri rp unde meli 
 ores fiut : habebut. Nam prasclara qdaj 
 opa icuria 8c negligentia eo^e qui sexce 
 tis annis citra fuerut ia depdita magno 
 studio perquiri fecisti : Quippe qui di^ 
 uersos nuntios p diuersas mQdi ptes ad 
 libros perquiredos ta gr?ecos c| latinos 
 tua impensa niisisti. Ego uero q^ te sem 
 p magnifeci amaui 8c colui quiq; beni^ 
 uoletia no mercede ductus tibi i mino- 
 ribus existenti aliqua traduxi : tuoq; no 
 mini adscripsi : quum Venetiis esse tuo 
 iussu libros aliquot graecos emi inter 
 quos repperi Hieroclem sup versibo py 
 thagora^ aureis appellatis. 8cc. 
 
 On the recto of the 3d leaf begins the Latin version of tlie transla- 
 tor. On the recto of the 91st and last leaf, we have the conclusion ; 
 which in the original occupies 5 lines, thus : FINIS. LAVS DEO. 
 A^IEN. DVCE MRTVTE ET COJMITE FORTVNA. On the 
 reverse, the imprint is as follows :
 
 48 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Philip de Lignamine. 
 
 HIEROCLIS PHILOSOPHIE STO 
 
 ICI ET SANCTISSIMI IN 
 
 AVREOS VERSVS PY 
 
 THAGORAE OPV 
 
 SCVLVM PRAE 
 
 STANTISSI 
 
 MVM ET 
 
 RELI 
 
 GIO 
 
 NX 
 
 CHRISTIANAE CONSENTA- 
 
 NEVM HIC FOELICITER 
 
 COMPLETVM EST AC 
 
 IMPRESSVM. ANNO 
 
 CHRISTI .M.CCCC. 
 
 LXXIIII. PATA 
 
 VII. XV. KA 
 
 LENDAS 
 
 MA 
 
 lA. 
 
 S. 
 
 BARTHOLOMEVS DE VAL 
 
 DE ZOCCHO. F. F. 
 
 TELOS. 
 
 There are, in the corners, towards the bottom, some very rudely 
 printed signatures ; containing, according to Fossi, a — m : but these 
 appear to have been executed subsequently to the printing of the body 
 of the work — although Fossi may not have been of this opinion. 
 The edition is elegantly printed ; haAdng the character of a Venetian 
 production. The present is a fair copy, in blue morocco. 
 
 252. HoMERus. Iliados Libri aliqui. Lat. 
 Printed hy Philip de Lignmnine. Rome. 1474. 
 Folio. 
 
 This impression of a partial Latin translation of the Iliad of Homer 
 into Latin verse, by Nicholas de Valla, has been well described by 
 Audiffredi ; who takes occasion, at the end of his description, to pay a
 
 Rome; 1474.] HOMER. 49 
 
 well deserved compliment to the late Pope Pius VI., for the beautiful 
 copies of rare old books which his private library contained ; and in 
 which was a choice copy of the work now under consideration. Edit. 
 Rom. p. 161-2. The description of Audiffredi is not, however, quite 
 so particular as is the ensuing one. Laire has a brief account; subjoin- 
 ing, correctly, in a note (dd), that, in the prefatory matter of Theodore 
 (Jaza, the latter takes occasion to condole with Laelius de Valla on the 
 death of his son— the author of the version. Gaza also m*entions the 
 execution of a Latin translation of Hesiod, and of other Greek authors ; 
 which, in due time, were to be committed to the press. Spec. Hist. 
 Typog. Rom. p. 211. We now come to the present performance. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf commences the preface of Gaza, with 
 this prefix, 
 
 THEODORVS Gr^cus. Dno Lelio de valle 
 vtriusg) Iiiris doctori sacri cocistorii 8c pauperu 
 adiiocato Salutem Dicit. 
 
 The preface occupies 4 pages. At the bottom of the 4th page, it 
 is as follows : 
 
 Incipiunt aliqui libri ex Iliade Homeii 
 translati p diim Nicolau de Valle Legu 
 doctore Basilice pricipis apostoloru de 
 urbe Canoiiicu quos coplere aut emeda 
 re no potuit iprouisa morte preuentus. 
 
 The first book, in the order of the version, is the third; beginnmg 
 thus : 
 
 INCIPIT LIBER TERTIVS HOMERI 
 TRANSLATVS PER DOMINVM NI 
 COLAVM DE VALLE. 
 
 T postq eratas struxere in bella 
 
 cohortes. 
 
 Daidanide | 8c cantu strepuerunt 
 
 classica rauco. 
 
 roL. 11. H
 
 50 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IRome ; 1474. 
 
 Clamore extollunt. Qvales sub nubibus atris 
 Aerie dant signa grues | sonitu ethera tranant 
 Ociani hibernu fugiunt dum sidus ad undas 
 Et niatutine breuibus fera bella minantur 
 Pjgmeis. Taciti fuiias mauortis anhelant 
 Argolici proceres j alterna in morte parali 
 Irarum magnos uoluunt sub pectore motus 
 Turn peditu pulsu sublatus ad ethera puluis 
 8cc. Sec. kc. 
 
 The books translated are the followhig: tii (9 leaves): iv (10 
 leaves): v (16 leaves): xiii erroneously printed xiiii, (12 leaves): 
 XVIII (9 leaves and a half) : xix (half leaf, only 20 lines) : xx, xxii, 
 XXIII, each very incomplete, and containing each only 8 leaves: and 
 the XXI vth book, containing 13 leaves. To each of the books, with 
 the exception of the xiiith and xviiith, there is, subjoined, the name 
 of the translator, thus : NICOLA VS DE VALLE. At the end we 
 read, 
 
 FINIS. 
 NICOLAVS DE VALLE. 
 
 On the recto of the last leaf, it is as follows : 
 
 AD LECTOREM. 
 
 Qui legis | emenda | liuor discede | reuersus 
 In latiQ duce rae magnus Homerus erat 
 
 Romaq; certasset tecu uel Smyrna uel argos 
 Non potui postq mors iugulauit opus. vale. 
 
 Then the register, in 3 columns, immediately beneath : at bottom — 
 
 Lelius de valle in memoriam filii. 
 
 Impressus est iste Liber Rome in domo lohannia 
 Philippi delignamie messan S.D. N. familiaris Anno 
 M.cccc.LXXiiii. Prima die Mensis Februarii.
 
 I486.] HOMER. 51 
 
 There is a great peculiarity in the capital letters of this impression ; 
 they being of almost the same size as the lower-case letters. It is 
 without signatures, catchwords, and numerals. A clean genuine copy ; 
 in red-morocco binding. 
 
 253. HoMERTTS. Batrachomyomachia. Gr. 
 Printed hy JLaonicus Cretensis, 1486. Quarto. 
 
 I have before observed that this is one of the most singular and 
 scarce editions of all the works of ancient classical authors, and has 
 been usually called the Editio Princeps of this poem. It is printed 
 in red and black lines alternately. Introd. to the Classics* vol. i. p. 
 396. The reader may consult p. 127 of the preceding volume of the 
 present work ; in which there is a fac-simile of the same type, from 
 the Psalter of the same year : executed, apparently, by a brother of the 
 printer of this edition. In regard to the priority of the present, and 
 the immediately subsequent, edition of the Batrachomyomachia, it is 
 with deference that I diflfer from the learned Abbe Mo relli, by giving 
 chronological precedence to this impression of 148G ; and for reasons, 
 submitted in the ensuing article, I incline to think the latter to be of a 
 date very little earlier than 1490. It remains to give a sufficiently 
 minute, although brief, description of this very rare and curious little 
 volume. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, ii, we have the following title in 
 red and black. 
 
 "OMH'POr B^TPi^XO'MTO'M 
 kXm EN AE TICITIT^H 
 TOC TOT K2pQC 
 
 There are 24 lines beneath. The signatures run to i. ii. iii. in eights. 
 On the recto of the 23d and last leaf, we have the following colophon : 
 
 • A further short extract from the above work may not be miacceptable. ' In the Bihl. 
 Ashev. no. 1876, there was the foUowuig note [by Dr. Taylor] written in the copy wliich 
 was sold at the sale for 14/. 14s. ' This book is so extremely rare, that I never saw any 
 other copy of it, except that of Mons. de Boze, who told me he gave 650 livres for it. Mr. 
 Smith, our Consul at Venice, wrote rae word that he had purchased a copy, but that it was 
 imperfect. Lord Oxford offered Alaittaire 50 guineas for the identical copy.' The sup- 
 posed Milan impression, of the date of 1485, ia merely supposititious Sa.xius notices 
 such an impression on the information of a friend ; who had described it as being printed ia 
 red and black lines — evidently the edition here above described. See the Hist. Lit. Typog. 
 Medial, p. dlxxxi, note q.
 
 52 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [I486. 
 
 the first three lines of which occur in the one subjoined to the Psalter 
 of 148G : vide p. 127. vol. i. 
 
 Iv ovo/A«T» TT^g ay las TgjaSoj 
 Tou 'TTurpoo- xaj too yoy x«i too 
 
 dyiou TTveyjU-aroj 
 cvvQbktskt sfxou \ciOviKOv xpyjTog 
 xai TrpcuToQvTOU ^avicav. ev ers* 
 p^jXtofo) TSTpocKoa-ios-ui oyhrixo 
 
 g-CO IxTW. j«.>]Vi OtTTpiXKlui 6iX0(r)J 
 
 isuripuy sKTixev^UiV. 
 
 On the reverse of the same leaf is the register, thus : 
 
 apxoi^svos 
 iravrct 
 rpw^apTcoo 
 oySeTTOTg 
 
 i 
 fiKot 
 
 eidov yoLf 
 
 ii 
 
 (purpalov 
 Twv IXs 
 TOO 8* sIXe 
 sJvij yap 
 iii 
 
 Maittaire, vol. i. 474. is very brief. De Bure is comparatively 
 copious and exact. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 214-15. Consult also 
 Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 281. Cat. de Gaignat. vol. i. p. 397; and Bibl. 
 Reviczk. p.2,in\vhich Count Reviczky has properly corrected the error 
 of Fabricius — who supposed the edition to have been printed in capital 
 letters, and to have had MusjEUS subjoined. There is a copy in the 
 Imperial library at Paris; and copies, in this country, are in the 
 Royal and Bodleian collections ; and in those of the Duke of Devon- 
 shire, Earl of Pembroke, Sir M. M. Sykes, and the British Museum. The
 
 Without Date.'] HOMER. 53 
 
 present copy is in most desirable condition, and is bound in old red 
 morocco. 
 
 254. HoMERUS. MUOBATRACHOMYOMACHIA. Gr. 
 
 and Lat. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Quarto. 
 
 The Abb6 Morelli is the first bibliographer to whom we are indebted 
 for an account of this very barbai'ous and unconunon impression of 
 the work above noticed. He conceived — although from its rude aspect 
 it might be supposed to have been executed in the earliest period of 
 printing in Italy — that, in fact, it was not printed much before the 
 edition last described. I have before stated my diiFerence of opinion 
 from that of the very respectable authority just mentioned : nor has 
 such an opinion been hastily adopted. In the first place, the rudeness 
 — not to say tlie blurred and battered state of the types — of this im- 
 pression, is no criterion of the work having been executed ' vetus- 
 tissimis Typographiae Italicae temporibus ' (the Abbe's expression): for 
 the earliest specimens of the art of printing in Italy, are the most 
 beautiful and perfect. Numberless volumes, in this magnificent Col- 
 lection, may be mentioned as corroborative of this remark. In the 
 second place, the types — especially the Greek ones — appear to be of 
 Venetian manufacture ; and do not in the least diflfer, in character, 
 from those used by Jenson in 14/2 ; of which a fac-simile is given at 
 p. 269, of the preceding volume of this work. But these ^'enetian 
 types were used very late in the XVth century ; and some of the se- 
 parate impressions of Cicero's pieces, between the years 1490 and 
 1500, which have been described in the first volume, are evidently of the 
 same cast and condition as those in this impression : except that they 
 have not so worn and battered an appearance — a sufficiint groimd, 
 alone, for the opinion advanced in the preceding article, that this 
 work is probably of a date not earlier than 1490. In regard to the 
 Roman types, they are so coarse and barbarous, that they put all chro- 
 nological conjecture at defiance. The subject has not been entered 
 upon in his ms. memoranda by Comit Reviczky: yet this latter biblio- 
 grapher, Harles, and Panzer, seem tacitly to subscribe to the opinion 
 of Morelli. The Count, however, properly notices that De 13urc was 
 ignorant of the impression, ^^'e shall now make the reader better 
 acquainted with this extraordinary production.
 
 54 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \}Vithout Date. 
 
 It begins thus, on the recto of the first leaf : 
 
 Incipiens primum musarum cliorum ex helicone 
 Venire in nieum cor opto causa caniis 
 
 rjv viov sv ZiXxoKTiv kfioKT Ittj yovvacri ^r^KU. 
 
 Que nup in libellis meis sup genibus posui 
 8cc. See. lac. 
 
 This and every page, on the recto of the leaf, has 24 lines. The 
 reverse of every leaf contains a Latin metrical version, beginning thus 
 on the rev. of the first leaf: 
 
 Ranarum murum q; simul crudelia bella 
 
 Queq; super genibus descripsi carmina nuper 
 
 Nunc canere atque omnes homiuu uulgare p aures 
 
 Est animus : spirate dese sacrumq; mouete 
 Ex helicone chorum : uociq; inducite cantum 
 
 The interlineary, and literal, version is uniformly on the recto. On 
 the reverse of the 24th leaf the Latin version ends thus ; 
 
 H OS holes pibent horredo noie cancros 
 B icipi'es octo pedibus manibusq; carentes 
 Q ui muijK subito caudasq; pedesq; manusq; 
 M orsibus infringut : hasta; flectunt in ipsis 
 D eseruere locu mures proniq; timore 
 C orripuere fugam sub terras ibat oljmpo 
 P hoebus cu tanti cessit discordia belli 
 
 On the reverse of the 25th leaf, are the names of the different 
 ecies of frogs : at bottom, their genera are thus denoted : 
 
 Tria Sunt Ranarum Genera 
 Rubeta quai sub rubis habitat venenosa 8c buffo dicit 
 Calamintes arboribus 8c pratis uiuit. qua utut magi. 
 Et palustris quae comeditur
 
 Florence; 1488.] HOMER. 55 
 
 Ou the recto of the 26th and last leaf, the interlineary Greek and 
 Latin lines end thus : 
 
 i(T S e<puyy)V eTpoLirovlo eSue7oS»j rjAocr >)Sr) 
 
 In aut fuga couersi sut. occidit aut sol. iam 
 
 xa» •KO>^£[i.Q\) Te Aer^ /aovojj jxs^oct i^ s leAscrdij 
 
 Et belli finis solius diei expletus est 
 
 The preceding is a more full, and, I presume to think, satisfactory 
 account of this very curious impression, than has hitherto appeared. 
 Morelli has led subsequent bibliographers into error by the title of it ; 
 it being as is above noticed, and not as is that of the preceding im- 
 pression of 1486. There are neitlier signatures, numerals, nor catch- 
 words ; a circumstance, which, in the opinion of some typographical 
 antiquaries, may cause it to be numbered among books of a date 
 earlier than that which I have assigned to it. In regard to the water- 
 marks, so particularly noticed by Morelli — (and for which he refers to 
 a plate of fac-similes in Schwarz, Prim. Doc. de Orig. Typog. pt. iii. 
 p. 40,) they afford no safe grounds for any satisfactory conclusion. It 
 is necessary here to correct a gross error — committed in the Introd. to 
 tlw CUumics, vol. i. 395 — which would lead the reader to imagine that 
 the Greek types of this impression were similar to those of the Erote- 
 mata Chalcondylis of 1480, the Psalter of 1481 (vide p. 125, vol. i. of 
 this work) and the Suidas of 1499 : than which, nothing can be more 
 unlike upon comparison. Consult Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 281-3; 
 Harles, Fabric. Bibl. Grac. vol. i. p. 338 ; and Panzer's Annal. Typog. 
 vol. iv. p. 143. Maittaire is too brief and uncertain to refer to. The 
 present copy is in sound condition, and bovmd in blue morocco. It 
 was originally purchased by Count Reviczky at the Pinelli sale. 
 
 255. HoMERUs. Opera Omnia. Gr. Printed 
 by Demetrius Cretensis. Florence. 1488. Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkixceps. The celebrity of this superb, and now uncommon, 
 work is well known to the skilful in bibliography ; and a fine copy of 
 it is justly considered the boast of every classical collection. While 
 we devote the text to a minute description of the arrangement of it*
 
 56 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IFlorence ^ 1488. 
 
 contents, the reader is referred to the subjoined note,* for the eulogies 
 pronounced upon it by preceding bibliographers. Such a detail will 
 not be found altogether uninteresting. 
 
 The work commences with two prefaces : one by Bernardus Nerlius, 
 in the Latin tongue, which occupies the recto of the first leaf; the 
 
 • We may commence this little Biblioghaphico-Homehical History with the 
 testimony of Maittaire; A.D. 1719. Speaking of the previous and partial productions of 
 Greek typography, at Rome, Vemce, and Milan, Maittaire thus animatedly continues: 
 * Floreutia tamen, licet illis posterior, erubuit vinci, et id tandem produxit, quod omnes 
 quantascunque moras compensaret. Quicquld hactenus ab illis in Grceca Typographic 
 praestitiun fucrit, nihil erat nisi velitationes quaedara & praeludia seu '7rpoyv[/,vix(riJ.xr», 
 si cum illo, quod interim Florentia moliebatur, opere conferantur. Quid enim tenuis ma- 
 nipulus ad plenam messem? Quid Lascaris Grammaf/ca ad totius eruditionis Graecae et 
 Latinae fontem? Quid TiGRETisopusculuraad Homeri Iliadem ^ Odysseam? Quid Mures 
 et RatuE eorumque certammum conimentum plane fabulosum ad Trojanos et Graecos Heroas? 
 Operoso hoc et praestantissimo Homeri mter omnes Poetas principis duobus tomis compre- 
 henso orbem eruditum anno 1488 douavit Florentia; quK, dum aliae Urbes in limine & 
 initiis tantum, conatibus adhuc iramaturis, subsisterent, primo et uno sed ingenti gravique 
 molimiue ad ipsum culmen voluit pervenire, vetuitque quicquam relinqui, quo superari posset. 
 Editione ilia, si chartae solidae colorem et pompam, si nitidam characterum figuram, aequata 
 marginum intervalla, justam lineanim distantiam, totum denique unpressionis ordinem & 
 dispositionem spectes, nil certe aut antea aut postea elegantius comparuit.' Annal. Typog. 
 p. 183, edit. 1719. JNIaittaire proceeds with a curtailed abridgment of the prefaces by 
 Nerlius and Chalcondyles : both of which are extracted entire* in the Appendix to the 
 catalogue of Consul Smith's Books, p. ccxxvi-vii. edit. 1755. The whole of JMaittaire's 
 remarks afterwards appeared in the second edition of this first volume of the Annal. Typog. 
 A. D. 1733. p. 49-51. 
 
 Palmer, the next writer in succession, has an account of it, which is chiefly a translation of the 
 preceding. ' This excellent work (says he) I have seen in the curious library of Dr Mead, and 
 I dare affirm, that whoever examines the whiteness and strength of the paper, the fineness 
 of the character, the elegant disposition of the matter, the exact distance between the lines, 
 the large margin, and, in short, the whole performance, with its various ornaments, will 
 easily own it a masterpiece in that kind.' General History of Printing; A.D. 1733.4to. From 
 Palmer we proceed to De Bure ; although it is probable that a few intervening authorities 
 might be judiciously quoted. 'L'execution (says De Bure) en est magnifique, & I'on n'aepargne 
 ni soins ni depenses, poiu* la rendre egaleraent recommendable, tant a I'egard de la partie 
 du type, qu'a I'egard du papier que I'on y a employe. Bibl. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 205. Meer- 
 man has omitted to notice it. We have next the testimony of a very competent judge. 
 • NuUam hactenus editionem Florentinam mihi videre contigit hac pulchriorem : — Margines 
 ampli ; charta firma valdeque alba. Character graecus pulcherrimus est, magnitudine Silvii 
 coniinmus, hnearum intervalla justa; proportionis. Character Latinus EpistoliE Bemardi 
 Nerlii, et ipse pulcherrimus.' Audiffredi, Edit. Ital. p. 309. The splendor of this publica- 
 tion tempted Gibbon to remark, that ' the Florence Homer of 1488 displayed all the luxury 
 of the typographical art.' Decline and Fall, ^c. vol. xii. p. 138. There is no account of .-t 
 in either Brauu or Seemiller.
 
 Florence; 1488.] HOMER. 57 
 
 other by Chalcondyles, the Editor, in the Greek language— commence- 
 ing on the reverse of the same leaf. The first preface begins thus : 
 
 BERNARDVS NERLIVS PETRO MEDICAE LAVRENTII 
 FILIO. S. 
 The second has the following prefix : 
 
 This second preface occupies two pages and a quarter ; ending on 
 the reverse of the second leaf, sign. AIL On the recto of the third 
 leaf, All I, commences the biography of Homer from Herodotus; 
 having this prefix : 
 
 HPOAOTOT AAIKAPNACHOC EHHrHCIC OEPI 
 THC TOT OMHPOT rEXECIOC KAI BIOTHC. 
 
 This Life occupies 12 pages and a quarter ; ending on the recto of 
 BI. We have next, on the same page, the prefix to Plutarch's bio- 
 gitiphy of the poet : 
 
 nxVOTTAPXOT ETC TON BION TOT OMHPOT. 
 
 occupying 31 leaves; and ending on the reverse of EVII. Then, on 
 the same page : 
 
 HEPI OMHPOT AOrOC NT AmNOC 
 TOT XPTCOCTOMOT. 
 
 occupying 3 pages in the whole ; or ending on the recto of EVIHl. 
 The reverse is blank ; and the whole of the following leaf (EX) is 
 blank. Then commences a fresh set of signatures, with the 
 beginning of the first book of the Iliad, on the recto of AI. The ar- 
 argument is at top. The signatures run in eights. After Y, Z is 
 reversed. After Z begins ET : then : then p. On the reverse of 
 WVIII, the Iliad ends thus : 
 
 Aoifjiaar'iv Iv vpiafMio A'iolps(psos /3a<rVXijof. 
 cof 01 yoL^iSTSOv Tafov exlopog j7r7roS«]u,o<o. 
 
 TEAOC THC O 
 
 MHPOT 
 
 lAI 
 
 A 
 
 AOC 
 
 VOL. II. I
 
 58 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Florence; 1488. 
 
 On the recto of the opposite leaf, AAI, begins the Odyssey. The 
 signatures, as before, run in eights. The Odyssey ends on the reverse 
 of XXI thus : 
 
 TEAOC THC OMHPOT 
 
 OATCCEI 
 
 AC. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, XXII, begins the Batrachomto- 
 MACHiA, thus : 
 
 OMHPOT BATPAXOMTOMAXIA. 
 
 y(ppov £^ eAixwvof 
 
 s>SsiV hg s[j,ov tjTOp l^rsu^o 
 
 rjv" vsov h AeArojcrVv e[ji,oig 
 
 S7r)fo6va(r'i fl^xa. # 
 
 A^pVv a7r=i^j(ri>]V ttoAsju-o 
 
 xXovov spyov a.pv]og. 
 
 eu^OjU-svof fi.ep6isys(r<y"iV eg ou 
 
 cOx ?ra(r« ^ocXs<rdoii. 
 
 I have compared about an hundred verses of this text with that of the 
 preceding edition of 1486, and found such literal and punctuary varia- 
 tions as might have been expected from the corrupt state of the 
 preceding text, avowed in his preface by Chalcondj'les himself. This 
 poem, occupying 4 leaves, ends on the reverse of sign. XXV, thus :, 
 
 TEAOC THC OMHPOT 
 
 BATPAXOMT 
 
 OMA 
 
 XI 
 
 AC 
 
 The Hymns commence on the recto of the opposite leaf, and con- 
 clude the work on the reverse of sign. ETETV, thus : 
 
 TEAOC TX2N TOT 
 OMHPOT TMN 
 
 as.
 
 Florence; 1488.] HOMER. 59 
 
 Then the colophon ; as follows : 
 
 H TO'j cfx,rjpou 'jrotri&ig aTTxrroL lyruTTcwSsJcra 7r=pa; ejXr) 
 ^ev ^5jj chv dzM sv (pXajprVTj'a, av«Xa;|U,acrV jtx.fy, riv lu 
 /evciuv xai ayaSciv av^pcioVy xa» 7r=pj Xofov; lAAr^vJxo'j^ (TTroy 
 Sa/wv ^iovoiOou xa) vr^piou ravaVSoj 7ou vsp'iXiov tpXoo- 
 
 pSvllvOiV. TTOVM Ib Kx) Zs^iOTYifi 8jJjU.r]TpiOU IXBCiOKsi 
 
 Victig xpr,Tog, Imv Koymv ac'pjp'MV yupiv xa» Koyoiv eXArjvV 
 
 fco fzTpux.o<rios'u> o/oorjxorw o/Sow jW-JIvoj A?xe/i./3p»ou 
 Ivan]. 
 
 The sigaatures, with such exception as has been before noticed, run 
 in eight3#-In the latter set, the second Z of ZZ, is reversed; and after 
 ZZVIII follows ETETI. 
 
 The foregoing description of this extraordinaiy work will not be 
 considered too particular, when the rarity and worth of nt are duly 
 considered. Preceding bibliographers have been correct, but some- 
 what too concise. Yet Maittaire must be excepted ; whose account is 
 animated and elaborate, though not of equal bibliographical minuteness. 
 In regard to the splendor and magnificence of this Greek production 
 of the Florentine press, it is less necessary to dwell upon it in the 
 present place, as so much has been said relating thereto, in the copious 
 note preceding.* Suffice it, however, here to observe, that Maittaire, 
 
 • A few words may however here be said in regard to the printer and patrons of such a 
 magnificent publication. Mr. Beloe has rather a copious notice of this edition ; the mate- 
 rials of which were, in a great measure, supplied him by the manuscript remarks of the 
 late Bishop of Ely. The ' Nf.rlii brothers,' as the Bishop thought, and as Air. Beloe 
 properly concludes, had no share in the printing ; although it would be with difficulty that 
 I should adopt the reason of the fonner for this opinion — namely, ' eos vero in officinae 
 cuTds descendisse minus probabile est :'-.-as some of the most eminent and learned men 
 were engaged in ' the cares of a Minting office.' The expression ' Demetrii Cretensis 
 dexteritatem'— as Mr. Beloe rightly obscnes — ' plainly implies somewhat of mechanical 
 operation:' and Panzer, vol. v. p. 507, places Demetrius Cretensis ui his list of printers, 
 and as the artist who executed the present work. Tliat Demetrius Cretensis was a printer, 
 h evident from his preface prefixed to the Greek Grammar of Constantine Lascaris : ' Visum 
 itaque mihi est, primo Constautini Grammaticam imprimere" — Deinde — majora quoque 
 ac praestantiora, Deo volcnte, attingere.' The present work is, in all prolability, 
 among the ' Opera majora' here meditated by D. Cretensb. The reader will find this 
 preface in Sxxius's HUt. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. cccclxi ; and Bibl. Smith, pt. ii. p. clxiii. 
 It was the same printer, as the Bbhop justly supposed, who afterwards went to Alcala, and 
 assisted in the execution of the Complutensiau Polyglott, under the patronage o: Cardiji.nl
 
 60 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence j 1488. 
 
 Palmer, De Bute, and AudifFredi, are all warranted in the warmth of 
 their eulogies, by the perfection of paper and printing exhibited in 
 this extraordinary production. Yet I must be permitted to express 
 my regret that the type ('pro illo rei typographicae primordio satlucu- 
 lentus' — as Fabricius has justly remarked) had not been of equal 
 boldness with that of the early Roman and Venetian presses. It par- 
 takes of the character of the Milan press ; as the following fac-simile 
 of it, traced from the commencement of the parting of Hector and 
 Andromache, at sign. GUI. reverse — may demonstrate. 
 
 
 In regard to these Greek characters, it may not be irrelevant to 
 remark, that the Milan press appears to have furnished the Florentine 
 artists with the very types here used. Whoever examines the first 
 Greek edition of ^sop (vide vol. i. p. 221-5), the Greek Grammar of 
 Lascaris, 1476, and the first impression of Craston's Lexicon — all 
 
 Ximenes. It will follow then, that the Nerlii were the mstigators, if not the patrons — D. 
 Chalcondjles, the editor — and D. Cretensis, the printer — of the present work. How far 
 Petro de Medici (Lorenzo de Medici's eldest son) ; to whom it seems to be dedicated, 
 contributed by money, or otherwise, does not appear. The work was addressed to him, by 
 Bemaj-dus Nerlius, the year after his marriage with Alfonsina Orshii ; and the ver^- 3'ear 
 when he visited Milan, to be a spectator of the splendid nuptials of the J'ouug Duke 
 Galeazzo Sforza, with Isabella, grand-daughter of Ferdinand, king of Naples. The elegant 
 historian of the Bledici Family appears to have very slightly noticed this extraordinary 
 specunen of the Florentine press : Life of Lcn-. de Medici, vol. ii. p. 71,154 ; Edit. 1796, 4to. 
 
 It is surprising that Maittaire and Fabricius should have confounded the two Demetrii 
 •— CuALcoNDYLEs and Cretensis — * one and the same person. Of the former, see 
 Saxius's Onomast. Literar. vol. ii. p. 480 : Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. ccccxxiii, &c. No 
 mention is made of the latter, in the work liere last referred to, under the year 1499 — as a 
 note in theBii^ Smith, pt. ii. p. clxiii, had erroneously led the Bishop and Mr. Beloe to 
 conclude. Anecdotes of Literature, ^c. vol. iii. p. 301-3.
 
 Florence; 1488.] HOMER. 61 
 
 allowed to have been executed at Milan — will, in fact, discover the 
 same types (a little altered in the spacing of words and lines) with 
 which this magnificent work was printed. Even the Milan Psalter of 
 1481 (see fac-simile, vol. i. p. 125,) presents us with the same character 
 of type as is used in this Florentine Homer. There is, in this hbrary, 
 a small edition of the Erotemata of Chrysoloras, in which a ms. note, 
 prefixed, informs us that it was printed at Florence by command of 
 Lorenzo de Medici, the year before the present publication — as a trial 
 of the printer's skill. The Florentine press adopted, however, a dilfe- 
 rent set of characters in the Lucian of 1496" : the present having 
 been, in all probability, worn out by frequent use. 
 
 Concerning the intrinsic value of this impression, the reader may 
 consult the prefaces of Ernesti and Heyne. The sentiments of Harles, 
 given in the Introd, to the Classics, vol. i. p. 372, are, in fact, those of 
 Ernesti, taken from p. viii, of his preface: edit, 1759. This latter 
 critic, whose edition of Homer now sells at such an advanced price, 
 has much enriched his labours by a careful consultation of this original 
 text. There is, however, a remarkably eiToneous transposition of the 
 text in sign. O : after verse 343, lib. xiii, at bottom of sign. OH, 
 recto, the immediately following verse ' "Og tots yyi^crsisv JSwv "ttovov, 
 ou8* axayoj7o.' is not to be found till we come to the top verse on the 
 recto of OVII : then, after the bottom verse on this page * Ajx^) 
 yajjM' hrs) outoj silvoDToi xaxoj el[j,Bv,' we retuin to the recto of OHI, 
 where the first verse at top supplies the correction. After going 
 regularly through the eight following pages, from OIII recto to OVI 
 reverse, we are obliged to go back to Oil verso, for the continuation : 
 where it begins at top, properly, "Ecrxe /^e'Scov, uluvl^ aSsX^sos, avTup 
 fvajrv.' From the bottom verse, we mxist have recourse to the top one, 
 at sign. OVn, reverse, where we find it properly continued thus : 
 ' Kai Ts TToXejf sa-uaxrs, ^uaKi^a. li Kavlog aviyvcu.' From hence, to the 
 conclusion of the xiiith book, on the reverse of OVHI, the text is 
 regularly printed. I was induced to verify this extraordinary cu'cum- 
 stance, by the pencil references of Lord Spencer ; and I believe it is a 
 point which has escaped preceding bibliographers. 
 
 Some doubts have been expressed of the existence of copies of this 
 editio princeps, upon vellum; but Harles, in a note, Fabric. Bibl. Greec. 
 vol. i. p. 414, says that MagUabechi had a copy of this kind, and 
 llostgaard another ; the latter with MS. notes. The latter does not, 
 howevei-, appear as such in the Bibl. Rostgard, \\ 98. n°. 645. The
 
 62 ANCIENT CLASSICS. Florence; 1488. 
 
 former (unfortunately imperfect) is thus particularly described by 
 Fossi in the Bibl. Magliabech. vol. i. col. 797-8. ' Item aliud exemplar 
 MEMBRANACEUM cum initialibus Uteris egregie coloribus auroque pictis, 
 quarum in principe, Homeri icon adparet, & eadem pagina, quae 
 huiusraodi iconem exhibet, margines internam, superiorem, et infe- 
 riorera pariter coloribus auroque insignes ostendit, ac prsecipue Mediceae 
 gentis stemma. Plagula prima quse opisthographa esse debet, in priori 
 facie abrasa, non nisi vestigia oculis repraesentat epistolae Bernard! 
 Nerlii. Membranae huius voluminis nitidissimae sunt, & exemplum 
 optime conservatum ; sed fasciculi B, C, et folia 3, 4, 5, 6, fasciculi 
 B B manu supplentur.' Another veUum copy is also described, but 
 containing only the Odyssey, Batrachomyomachia and the Hymns. 
 Brunet tells us that he has seen the vellum copy of it in the Imperial 
 library at Paris ; Manuel du Lihraire, vol. i. p. 553. As there 
 are copies of the Lucian, printed at the same place (vide post) upon 
 the same material, it is probable that the first impression of Homer 
 would receive such an honourable mark of typographical distinction. 
 
 In regard to paper copies, almost every public and private collection 
 of eminence, in this country, possesses one. Mons. de Cotte had an 
 uncut copy of this kind, which I suspect to have originally belonged 
 to De Rossi,* and which produced the sum of 3601 livres at the sale 
 of his books in 1804. Cat. de Mons. D. C* * * n«. 871. The present 
 copy, although not uncut, may boast of an amplitude of margin, and 
 purity of condition, perhaps hardly equalled by any cut copy in exist- 
 ence. Mr. Beloe says ' it appears to be on large paper.' It is sump- 
 tuously and tastefully bound in red morocco, in the very best style of 
 Roger Paj'ne. 
 
 256. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Without Date^ 
 Place , or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Upon the fullest consideration, I incline, some- 
 what strongly, to place the present impression the first in the order 
 of those which contain the works of Horace, either collectively, or se- 
 parately published. The reasons for this conclusion are given towards 
 the close of the description. A volume of such extraordinary rarity, 
 and of such great intrinsic value, merits a very particular description. 
 
 * Audiffredi notices a copy in tlie possession of the Abbe Nicolas de Rossi, as ' exemplum 
 intonsuin :' Edit. Ital. p. 309. 
 
 I
 
 Without Date. HORACE. 63 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the following title : 
 
 QVINTI ORATII FLACCI CAR 
 MINVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 ECOENAS ATAVIS EDITE 
 REGIBVS. 
 
 O 8c praesidiuni 8c diilce dccus nieuni 
 
 Sunt quos curriculo puluere olympicQ 
 
 8cc. 8cc. k.c. 
 
 There are 18 verses beneath. On the reverse of the leaf, in the present 
 copy, there is an interesting memorandum, from vvhich we find this 
 very volume to have belonged to Gesner and Ernesti ; the latter 
 having received it as a present from the former. A full page compre- 
 hends 26" lines. At the end of the Carmen Seculare, we read as follows: 
 
 F I N I S 
 
 H oc quicunq; dedit Venusini carmen Horatii : 
 
 E t studio formis correctum effinxit in istis 
 
 V iuat. 8c aeterno sic nomine saecula uincat 
 
 O mnia : ceu nunquam numeris abolebitur auctor : 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, it commences thus : 
 
 QVINTI ORATII FLACCI EPI 
 STOLARVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 RIMA DICTE MIHI SVM 
 MA DICENDE CAMOENA 
 SPECTATVM SATIS ET DONA 
 TVM lAM RVDE QVAERIS 
 
 Mecocnas iterum antiquo me includcre ludo 
 
 Non eadem est jetas: non mens. Veianius armis. 
 
 The Epistles comprehend 30 leaves, terminating with the word 
 * FINIS,' on the recto of the 30th. On the recto of the ensuing leaf 
 begins the Art of Poetry ; with this title : 
 
 QVINTI ORATII FLACCI POETRIA
 
 64 ANCIENT CL/VSSICS. [Without Bate, 
 
 The first two versos are printed in capital letters, like the preceding 
 extract from the first epistle. This treatise contains 10 leaves. The 
 Satires follow on the recto of the ensuing leaf. The spurioxis verses, at 
 the commencement of the xth Satire, are these : 
 
 Vcili quam sis mendosus teste Catone 
 Defensore tuo peruicam qui malefactos 
 Emendare paras uersus hoc lenius ? ille 
 Est quo uir melior : longe subtilior illo 
 Qui multum puer k. loris et funibus udis 
 Exhortatus ut esset opem quis ferre poetis 
 Anfiquis posset contra fastidia nostra 
 Gramaticorum equitu doctissimus redeam illuc. 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The Satires conclude thus, on the recto of the 42nd and last leaf : 
 
 Vt nihil omnino gustaremus. uelut illis 
 Canidia afflasset. peior serpentibus aphris 
 FINIS 
 
 The foregoing'is a more complete bibliographical description of this 
 uncommon book, than any which, to my knowledge, has preceded it. 
 It now remains to notice the probable printer, and date of its execution. 
 In regard to the Printer, Maittaire has taken considerable pains, in his 
 Annul. Typog. edit. 1719, P- 72, note f, to prove that it was executed 
 by Anthony Zarotus, at Milan. The * character luculentus,' with 
 which he says it is printed, and which he thinks * deserving of praise,' 
 appears to warrant him in this conclusion. But the character or type 
 is very far from being clear or beautiful, or deserving of praise ; and 
 if the same bibliographer had had the good fortune to compare these 
 Roman types with those which have the express name of Zarotus 
 subjoined (for example, the edition of the Commentaries of Aero and 
 Porphyrio of 1474 — of which in due order), he would have found a 
 palpable difference between them, and that the latter had a juster 
 title to the epithet of ' luculentus.' Maittaire has unquestionably erred • 
 in his inference concerning the printer of this edition. The opinion 
 of Maittaire was subsci'ibed to by Orlandi, in his Orig. e Progress, delta 
 Stampa, &c. p. 101 ; and was adopted with hesitation by Saxius in his Hist.
 
 Without Date.'] HORACE. C5 
 
 Lit. Tijp. Mediol. p. dlix — ^who says — ' Ciim editio ista careat omni 
 nota loci, anni, et Typographi, non ausus fuissem illam Mediulano 
 adscribere, nisi auinmiu niihi adjecisset auctoritas Michaiilis Maittaire,' 
 &c. De Bure, who, as well as Saxius, never saw the edition, seems to 
 lean to the opinion of Maittaire — but his account is jejune in the 
 extreme. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 310-11. Gesner described it, 
 somewhat particularly, in the prefatory matter of his Horace of 1752 ; 
 but erred, as strangely as Maittaire, in supposing the types to have 
 a resemblance to those of Jeoson. They are as different from those of 
 Jenson as from those of Zarotus. The observations of Gesner will 
 be found in the Bibl. Reviczk. p. 49. The Abbe Morelli, dissenting, 
 appart. ntly, from both opinions, observed that the types were like those 
 of the Apophthegms of Plutarch, the Lucan, andFLORus, described 
 at n°'. 1347, 2746, and467G of the Bibl. Pinell. .- sec vcAi ii. p. 324-5. 
 Panzer has incorporated this remark ; Annal. Typog. vol. iv. p. 143, 
 n**. 639, and Mitscherlich has left the point just where Morelli had 
 found it. Edit. Horat. vol. i. p. lii. edit. 1800. Boni and Gamba 
 observe that the edition seems to be Uke an anterior one, of Philip de 
 Lavagna, of the date of 1469 — the four verses (see above) at the end, 
 being in the style of Bonino Mombrizio, a poet and corrector of 
 Lavagna's press. Bibliotec. Porlat. vol. ii. p. 94. There is no impres- 
 sion extant, from Lavagna's press, of the date of 1469 ; and the types 
 are absolutely different from those in the edition of 1476, with the 
 name of Lavagna subjoined, as the printer : vide pobt. The volume 
 ajipears to me to have been executed at Venice, whoever may have 
 been the printer. The e, and the semicolon, are veiy singular : the 
 horizontal line of the former, upon which the upper or inflected part 
 of the e rests, is elongated a good deal, comparatively, beyond their 
 union. The upper part of the semicolon is like a note of interroga- 
 tion placed sideways, thus". Upon a close comparison, I have no doubt 
 that the printer of the dateless edition of Florus, (see p. 30-1 ante,) and 
 of the present impression, was one of the same: the j-esent being 
 somewhat more heavily executed. The first efforts of the Venetian 
 press, in the productions of John de Spira and Jenson, 1469, 14/0, 
 are of perfect beauty and skill, in comparison with the work here de- 
 scribed.* There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. 
 
 •The ' Sermones Horatii' described by Maittaire, vol. i. 296, as being in Gothiccha- 
 
 racter, and of the date of 1470, is probably a purely supposititious edition. De Bure knew 
 
 nothing of it. It appears to be of tliis impression, that JNIitscherlich judiciously remarks— 
 
 ' De hoc libro nihil sane liquet.' Another observation of JNIitscherlich may be worth atten- 
 
 VOL. II. K
 
 66 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TVithout Date. 
 
 The intrinsic value of this edition amply compensates for its rude 
 exterior ; it being of such worth, that Gesner preferred it to every MS. 
 which he had consulted.* His Majesty possesses a copy of it, which 
 was purchased at the sale of Dr. Askew's books for 17^. Qs. 6d.; see 
 Bibl. Askev. n°. 1900. The Pinelli copy was sold for 31i. 105. The 
 present was in Count Reviczky's collection : and though soiled, is in 
 sound condition. It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 257. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. TVithout Date^ 
 Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 It is rather from courtesy to received opinion, than the result of 
 my own conviction, that the present impression stands as the second 
 of those in the list of the works of Horace. That it is exceedingly 
 rare and estimable, and of great price, is acknowledged ; but according 
 to chronological order, I doubt whether it should not have been in- 
 serted after the Ferrara edition of the Epistles and Odes, in 1474. 
 The reader has, towards the close of the preceding article, seen 
 that we are not to conclude that works, of rude execution, are of 
 anterior date to those exhibiting a more perfect specimen of typo- 
 graphy ; — on the contrary, it is often that the more beautiful books of 
 the xvth century, are the more ancient.f According to these pre- 
 mises, the impression here about to be described, which is rather 
 elegantly executed, might be dated much earlier than the year 1474 — 
 
 tion: ' Ex edd. Saec. xv. paucae admodutn, neque satis accurate a Viris doctis exploratae 
 sunt ; ut adeo, qiiaenum ex iis principes habendae sint, quaeque ex aliis descriptae sint, 
 certo definire vix possit.' Edit. Horat. vol. i. p. xliii. 
 
 * See the Introduction to the Classics, vol. i. p. 398, note *. The substance of the above 
 description will also be found there. The editors of the London edition of 1792 Lave 
 given various readings from this important text. 
 
 t Count Reviczky, in his MS . memoranda upon this edition, has made the following very 
 just remark upon the point above discussed. ' Haec eodem jure prima dici potest ac prae- 
 cedens editio, habet enim eadem antiquitatis indicia, nisi quod typis longe elegantioribqs 
 .sit exarata. At typi plus niinusve rudes et informes exigui sunt momenti ad d«finiendam 
 librorum a^tatem, suntque potius aitificii opificura, quam temporis documenta.' He then 
 goes on to illustrate this position, by noticing the rude appearance of the Roman Pliny of 
 1473 compared with the beauty of the Venetian one of 1469 — and adds, that, if the Roman 
 impression had been without'a date, we might have supposed it anterior to the ^'cnetia^ 
 edition of 1469. An hundred other examples, of a like nature, may be adduced in support 
 of this remark.
 
 Without Date.'] HORACE. 67 
 
 but there is, altogether,. throughout the arrangement of the press- 
 work, an appearance of the piinter's having availed himself of the 
 labours of his predecessors. The introduction of Titles, and the con- 
 clusion of the Satires, to say nothing of the absolute vaiiatioas of 
 text — evidently imply the revision of preceding impressions. It is 
 seldom, if ever, that first impressions afford such a termination. 
 The reader will draw his own conclusion ; and may, after all, imagine 
 that I have consulted my own prudence — and done wisely — by placing 
 this edition in its present older. 
 
 The next question is, who is the probable Printer of this edition ? 
 De Bure, in his Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 312-313, has a particular 
 notice of it, fi-om a copy which was in the Valliere collection. His 
 extracts, confined to the head pieces and conclusions of tl\e several 
 tracts, are not quite literally correct ; but he conceived the impression 
 to be similar to that of Catullus, TibuUus, and Propertius of 1472, 
 which the reader, on consulting vol. i. p. 294-6, will perceive to be 
 generally given to the press of Vindelm de Spira. Count Reviczky, m 
 hb ms. remarks, differs entirely, and with justice, from this conclusion. 
 He tliinks the volume has rather the character of the Milan press. 
 Maittaire, vol. i. p. 766, note 4, conceived the types to resemble those 
 of John de Colonia, in the edition of Catullus, TibuUus, and Piopertius 
 of 1475 (see vol. i. p. 297); but this conclusion is not happier than 
 that of De Bure. Maittaire adds, that he saw two editions of 
 Horace printed in this character ; in one of which the Epistles — in 
 the other, the Satires — concluded the volume : — * so exactly resembling 
 each other (says he), that without an attentive examination, they 
 would be thought one and the same.' But Count Reviczky justly 
 remarks, that, ' this altogether wants confirmation : the difference of 
 the arrangement of the pieces being no proof of a different impression: 
 similar variations occurring in the same editions of the early printed 
 philos()j)hical pieces of Cicero.' Maittaire thought that one of these 
 impressions was much more correct than the other. It may be worth 
 noticing, that the bottom of the capital L is comparatively short ; and 
 that the horizontal sti'oke or line to receive the top of the e, is (as it 
 were) angularly upright. 
 
 "VHicnever, and by whomsoever, printed, are perhaps secondary 
 considerations. That the present is a very rare, ancient, and estim- 
 able edition, requiring a i)articular description, must be admitted by 
 every one interested in the early impression* of this popular poet. On
 
 68 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ifVithout Bate. 
 
 the recto of the first leaf, we are presented with the commencement of 
 the Odes, as follows : 
 
 Quinti Horatii Flacci Venusini Carminum liber 
 primus ad Mecoenatem. 
 
 Eccenas Atauis edite regibus : 
 O %c prsesidium 8c dulce decus meum : 
 Sut quos curriculo puluere olympicu 
 CoUegisse iuuat metaque feruidis 
 
 E uitata rotis palmaq; nobilis 
 
 T errarum dominos euehit ad deos 
 
 H unc si nobilium turba Quiritium 
 
 C ertet ter geminis tollere honoribus : 
 
 I Hum si proprio condidit horreo : 
 
 Q uicquid de lib} cis uerritur areis 
 
 G audentem patrios findere sarculo 
 Sec. Sec. %cc. 
 
 There are 21 lines beneath. The second Ode, on the reverse of the 
 same leaf, commences thus : 
 
 Proseutice tetracolos ad Augustum. 
 i Am satis terris niuis atq; dirse 
 Grandinis misit pater : 8c rubente 
 D extera sacras iaculatus arces 
 Terr u it urbem. 
 
 The last verse of the Sapphic stanza, is not always printed thus — 
 but is generally in a straight line with the beginning of the preceding 
 verse. There are no titles to the several Odes, after the commence- 
 ment of the ivth Book. A full page has 35 lines. The Art of Poetry 
 begins on the recto of the 59th leaf, with the title in lower-case letter. 
 It contains 8 leaves. The Satires follow, with the titles in lower-case. 
 They end thus : 
 
 Quinti Horatii Flacci Venusini. 
 
 Satirarum non indiligenter correctarura. . 8c 
 Impressarum. Finis
 
 Without Date.-] HORACE. 69 
 
 The Epistles succeed ; having the title to each in lower-case letter. 
 The reverse of the last leaf presents us with the last verses of the jioct, 
 and the termination of the volume, thus : 
 
 N atales grate numeras. ignoscis araicis 
 
 L enior 8c mclior fis acccdentc senecta. 
 
 Quid te cxempta iuuat spinis de pluribus una , 
 
 V iuere si recte nescis : decede peritis. 
 
 L uxibti satis, edisti satis atq; bibisti 
 
 T empus abire tibi est ; ne potum latius aequo 
 
 Ridcat : 8c pulscet lasciua descentius aetas. 
 
 FIN IS 
 
 The present copy is in good condition, and in blue morocco binding. 
 
 258. HoRATius. Odm et Ars Poetica. Cum 
 Commentariis Acronis et Porphyrioni*. IJ^ithout 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer, Folio. 
 
 There is good reason to believe this impression to be the first of 
 those which present us with the Commentaries of Acro and Porphykio. 
 Maittaire, vol. i. p. 766, note 5 was of this opinion ; although in de- 
 scribing the type, he terms it 'neat,' as well as ancient — the first of which 
 is far from the truth. Coimt Reviczky has some very sensible obser- 
 vations in favour of the priority of this impression ; which arise ne- 
 cessarily from a perusal of the introductory pieces, or letters, prefixed 
 to the text. An extract from one of these is given by Maittaire, ibid. 
 who adds, in a note, that fiom the expression * libri omnes Horatii,' 
 it would seem that the Satires and Epistles were also printed : but 
 (he adds) these words must here be understood with reference only 
 to those books of Horace which the above Commentators illustrated 
 with ' Scholia.' These prefatory epistles require to be better made 
 known to the reader. * 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf commences the address of John 
 Aloisius * tuscanus advocatus' to Franciscus Helius Parthenopeius ; 
 concluding on the recto of the third leaf. The reply of Helius, 
 who has the additional name of Marchesinus prefixed, commences on
 
 70 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 the reverse of the third leaf, and concludes on the recto of the fourth. 
 In the former epistle, Aloisius speaks of the trouble of his correspon- 
 dent and himself, in connecting and analyzing the volumes which they 
 had consulted together — of the pleasant domestic relaxation to be af- 
 forded to Helius, by a work of this sort, after the fatigues and 
 exertions from other compositions of a literary and declamatoiy nature. 
 * A good opportunity now occurs (continues he). We may procure 
 printers who will more quickly execute 400 copies, than a scribe 
 would one copy.' Not a word is said of former impressions. Helius 
 replies, that he will do all in his power to gratify the wishes of 
 his friend — although he fears his expectations are too highly raised : 
 he will do his best : all the copies of his author that he had seen, being 
 very defective — * Acronis exemplaria defuere' — one, however, was of 
 a less exceptionable character — ' vnum habuimus, nee id quidem satis 
 emendatum, utcunque tamen sit, et libenter fecimus, et faciemus de 
 integro.' As Count Reviczky justly observes, this is not the language 
 of an editor who had inspected a previously-printed edition. It is 
 clear therefore that Helius alludes to manuscript copies of Aero and 
 Porphyrio; and that the Milan impression of 1474 was not then in 
 existence. Further ; on comparison between the present and subse- 
 quent text of these Commentators, a material variation will be found 
 both in omissions and additions : — the latter impression being much 
 fuller ; and the contractions numerous, compared with those of the 
 present one. A Greek word — * pYiTopiKoorepov — in the letter of Helius, 
 is printed in very rude characters. 
 
 It remains only to add, that the recto of the 5th leaf presents us 
 with the Life of Horace by Aero : on the reverse, there is the same by 
 Porphyrio. On the recto of the following and 6th leaf, begins the 
 first Ode, with the title in ca})ital letters. This is immediately fol- 
 lowed by the Commentaries of Aero and Porphyrio, separately printed. 
 The first verse of the 2d Ode presents us with this corrupt text : 
 
 Am satis terris niuis atq; dirp 
 Grandinis mouit pater. 8c rubente 
 Dexteras sacras iaculatus arces 
 Terruit vrbem. 
 
 The Commentary or ' Explanation' of Porphyrio, upon the Ars 
 Poetica, concludes the volume on the reverse of the 224th and last 
 leaf: 
 
 t
 
 Milan; 1474.] HORACE. 71 
 
 ClExplanatio Porphirionis In 
 artepoetica* feliciter Explicit. 
 
 AucHffredi, Edit. Horn. p. 413-4, has also given extracts ftom these 
 epistles ; and supposes the impression to have been executed at Rome, 
 in the same character with which Guldinbeck printed the * Sunima S. 
 Thomae de Articulis Fidel,' in the yeair 147G. Mr. Edwards, in a ms. 
 note inserted in this copy, thinks, with justice, that the present im- 
 pression may be anterior to this date. I have no doubt that the work 
 was printed before the year 1474. De Bure was ignorant of its 
 existence. The present is a fair copy ; in red morocco. 
 
 259. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Cum Com- 
 mcntariis Acronis et Porphyrionis. Printed 
 by Zarotns. Milan. 14/4. Quarto. 2 vols. 
 
 We now begin to stand upon firm ground in our chronological con- 
 clusions respecting the early impressions of Horace. The present is 
 pcrha])s the first printed edition with a date subjoined ; yet it i? possible 
 that the Ferrani edition, of the same date (see next article) might 
 have issued earlier from the press. The ' Opuscula HoRATii'of 1471, 
 so meagrely noticed by Laire (Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 187 note ee), 
 and from him by Audiffredi (Edit. Rom. p. 85), is, in all probability, 
 an ideal publication ; although the printing of it be assigned to Philip 
 de Lignamine.t In regard to the veiy rare volumes now under de- 
 scription, we may premise that the account of them by Maittaire 
 (Annal. Tijpog. vol. i. p. 336-9) is brief and superficial. Saxius 
 
 • Sic. 
 
 t This point yet merits particular investigation. La Sema Santander tells us that, in a 
 work entitled ' Pongie Lingua' printed in 1472, by Philip de Lignamiiie (see his Diet. 
 Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. ii. no. 403), it is said that, since the year 1470, this printer had 
 executed at Rome, Quintilian, Suetonius, the Discourses of St. Leo, and the Opuscula 
 HoRATii. He supposes that the ' Seii.mones Horatii' — of which Maittaire makes 
 inenlion as the first edition of the Satires, and of which there was a copy in Dr. Askew's 
 collection {Bill. Asker. no. 1946) — might have been this very production of P. de 
 Lignamine's press. Brunei seems to subscribe to the same opinion. But both notice this 
 latter impression as being printed in the Gothic character; a circumstance which alone 
 defeats such a conclusion — as the works attributed to Lignamine's press (see the Semiones 
 Leonis in vol. i. p. 216.) are not executed in the same character. How far an edition of 
 the Satires, announced in a doubtful manner in the Bihl. Petav. ami Maiisart, p. iii, no. 
 1290, may answer to the description, I cannot deteriuine. Bnuiet ; vol. 1. p. 563.
 
 72 ANCIENT CLASSICS. lMla7i; 1474. 
 
 appears to have seen them in the library of Consul Smith ; and gives 
 their respective colophons. Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dlxi : note u 
 and d, Clement makes mention of the second volume only, which 
 contains the Commentaries ; but in a manner the most jejune and 
 unsatisfactory ; Bibl. Curieuse, &c. vol. i. p. 4^. De Bure is equally 
 superficial with Maittaire and Clement ; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. 
 p. 314-316. The Abbd Morelli speaks briefly of both volumes: Bibl. 
 Pinell. vol. ii. n". 4.568 : iii. n°. 6300 ; and Laire and La Serna Sant- 
 ander confine their brief descriptions to the first volume ; Index Libror. 
 vol. i. p. 340 ; Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 35. Even Bininet 
 mentions the impresssion as if it contained only the first volume ; 
 Manuel du Libraire, vol. i. p. 563. The late Coimt Reviczky justly 
 complained of such imperfect accounts of so rare an edition ; which 
 were remedied by him in his ms. memoranda — but in a manner, how- 
 ever comparatively fuU with the preceding, neither so copious nor 
 so minute as is the ensuing description. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 QuINTI Horatii Flacci Venusini Carmi 
 unm* Liber Primus Ad Mecoenatem. 
 
 E coenas Atauis edite regibus : 
 O 8c praesidium 8c dulce decus meura : 
 S ut quos curriculo puluere olympicu 
 C ollegisse iuuat metaque feruidis 
 
 E uitata rotis palmaque nobilis 
 
 T errarum dominos euehit ad deos. 
 
 H uiic si nobilium turba Quiritium 
 
 C ertet ter geminis tollere honoribus : 
 
 I Hum si proprio condidit horreo 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are 22 lines beneath : a full page containing 34 lines. The 
 beginning of the Ttiird Ode is thus inaccurately printed : 
 
 Ic diua potens cypri 
 
 An ancient ms. correction has properly inserted ' te' between the 
 first two words. The Odes and Epodes end on the reverse of fol. 58, 
 
 * Sic.
 
 Milan; 1474.] HORACE. 73 
 
 without titles to them. The Art of Poetry commences on the recto of 
 fol, 60 : thus — 
 
 Quinti Oratii Flacci de Arte Poetica ad 
 Pisones Liber. 
 
 Vmano capiti ceruicem pictor equinam 
 lungere si uelit : 8c uarias iducere plQas; 
 Vndiq; collatis mbris : ut turpiter atruj 
 D esinat in piscem mulier formosa superne : 
 Xcc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are 26 lines beneath. This treatise occupies 15 pages. On 
 the recto of fol. 68 the Satires begin thus : 
 
 Quinti Horatii Flacci Sermonuni Liber 
 Primus Ad Mecoenateni. 
 SATYRA PRINA.* 
 
 Beneath, there are 28 lines. The Satires conclude on the reverse of 
 the 99th leaf, thus : 
 
 Quinti Horatii Flacci Venusini. 
 
 Satyrarum nou indiligenter correcta??. 
 %c Impressarum. Finis. 
 
 On the recto of the following and 100th leaf, the Epistles begin 
 thus : 
 
 Quinti Horatii Flacci Epistolarum 
 
 Liber Primus. 
 
 Quintus. Horatius Flaccus Mecoenati. s. 
 
 These occupy the remaining 23 leaves. On the reverse of the 123d 
 and last leaf, we have the following colophon : 
 
 F I N I S 
 
 A nno a Natali Cliristiano 1474 die 16 Martii 
 Diuo Galeaciomaria Sfortia vicecomite Insu 
 briu ligu^q; qnto Duce Feliciter Regnante : 
 
 • Sic. 
 VOL. II. L
 
 74 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [3Iila7i; 1474. 
 
 Antonius Zarothus Parmensis Cuncta Opa 
 Quinti Horatii flacci venusini no idiligenter 
 emendata. s, Carminu Libros. iiii. Epodon. 
 Carmen seculare. De Arte poetica Librum. i. 
 Sermonum libros. ii. Epistolarum libros. ii. 
 eleganter atq; fideliter Impressit :. 
 
 Quisquis haec coeraerit : nunq poenitebit. 
 
 The leaves are not numbered ; but in the present copy the numerals 
 are carefully supplied by the pencil. Brunet says there are 124 
 leaves; and that the 59th is blank: so that this copy is perfect in 
 regard to the text. 
 
 We wUl next commence the description of the second volume, con- 
 taining the Commentaries of Acro and Porphyrio. On the recto 
 of the first leaf, it begins thus : 
 
 Acronis Commentatoris Egregii In Quinti Horatii 
 Flacci Venusini Opera. Expositio Incipit. 
 
 followed by a brief Life of Horace, and an account of his Works, in 16 
 lines. Then a short account of the metre of the first Ode— 
 
 (^P]Rima ergo ode monocolos est idest catus unimebris : 
 
 A full page contains 33 lines. On the reverse of fol. 146, pencil-num- 
 bered, the Commentary ends, with the word FINIS at bottom. On 
 the recto of the following and last leaf, we have this colophon : 
 
 Acronis Viri qdoctissimi Commentaria diligenter emendata 
 In. q. Horatii Flacci Opera per Antonium Zarothum par 
 mensem Mediolani impressa M CCCC LXXIIII. Idi 
 bus sextilibus. 
 
 A ms. note, beneath, informs us that one Peter Montagnana, a 
 regular canonical monk of St. John Lateran, placed this very book in 
 the monastery of St. John Baptist deViridaria, at Padua: this is dated 
 M.cccc.Lxxviij. Since this period, it has probably known a variety 
 of fates. In the year 16|-| the first volume was purchased by the well 
 known John Bridges, at Tom's Coffee House, for 14 crowns (* aureis'): 
 
 i
 
 Ferrara; 1474.] HORACE. 75 
 
 it having been procured abroad by Dr. Sherrard. Tliis information is 
 gathered from a ms. note, in Latin, written on a leaf of vellum, at the 
 commencement of the volume, by Bridges himself — who rightly 
 observes tliat the edition has been ' seldom or never seen.' In a vellum 
 fly leaf to the second volume, there is another note by Bridges, in 
 which he tells us that ' Lord Sunderland begged his acceptance of the 
 book, as a companion to the first volume — ' Id vero (as Bridges might 
 well add) nunquan: sperare potui, nisi a Ditissimo illo Libroru 
 Domino cujus eximiae Bibliothecae abunde suppetit quicquid vel nitidu, 
 vel pictiosum vel rarum, e tot{i Europil conquirendum est:' — this is 
 dated Feb. l/^J. The two volumes were sold at Bridges's sale for 
 14/. 3s. 6d. Bridges's Classed Catalogue; p. 223. The reader may con- 
 sult the Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. p. 399, 400, for a few other 
 references. There are copies of both volumes in the Royal and 
 Bodleian libraries, and in the British Museum. The present copy 
 is in most desirable condition ;* and is well bound in red morocco. 
 
 260. HoRATius. Epistolae et Odae. Printed 
 by Carnerius Jlugustinus. Ferrara. 1474. 
 Quarto. 
 
 This edition is of yet raier occurrence than the preceding. It con- 
 tains only the Epistles and Odes, and appears to have been inspected by 
 Maittaire ; who remarks that the copy he saw wanted the Satires and 
 the Jrt of Poetry ; but, in all probability, it never comprehended 
 either — as there is every appearance of the volume being in its original 
 legitimate condition. We will minutely describe it. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, having the prefix printed in very in- 
 different capital letters, it commences thus : 
 
 QVINTI ORATIT FLACCI EPI 
 STOLARVM LIBER PRIMUS. 
 
 R ima dicte mihi suma dicede camoena 
 S pectatQ satis et donatu ia rude qupris 
 M ecoenas iteru atiquo me Icludere ludo 
 
 • I have called the volumes quaiitos, from courtesy to established usage; and although 
 Count Re\-iczky, hi his ros. memoranda, is decisive upon this point — from the supposed 
 liorizoiital water mark;- — yet these latter are so faintly marked that it b doubtful whether 
 the work be not, in its original form, a folio.
 
 76 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ferrara; 1474. 
 
 N 5 eade est ptas : no mens. Veiani9 armis 
 H erculis ad poste fixis latet abditus agio : 
 N e populu extiema totiens exoret harena. 
 E st mihi purgata ciebro qui psonet aure 
 S olue senescete mature sanus equum ne 
 P eccet ad extremu ridedus k, ilia ducat 
 Sec. Sec. Xcc. 
 
 There are 12 lines beneath : a fuU page has 26 lines. The Epistles 
 end on the recto of fol. 30 — reverse blank. On the recto of the suc- 
 ceeding leaf, the first Ode thus begins : 
 
 QVINTI ORATII FLACCI CAR. 
 MINVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 ECOENAS ATAVIS EDI. 
 TE REGIBVS 
 
 O 8c presidium k. dulce decus meu : 
 Sunt quos curriculo puluerem olympicu 
 Collegisse iuuat: metaq; feruidis 
 E uitata rotis : palmaq; nobilis 
 Terrarum dominis eueliit ad deos. 
 H unc si nobilium turba Quiritiura 
 Certet ter geminis tollere honoribus 
 « Ilium si proprio condidit horieo 
 
 Q uicquid de libycis uerritur areis. 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 Beneath, are 11 lines. The Odes have no titles; but the Carmen 
 Seculare has this prefix, and the first stanza is thus printed : 
 
 QVINTI ORACH FLACCI 
 CARMEN SECVLARE 
 
 H oebe : syluarumq; potens diana ; 
 L ucidum cpli decus o colendi
 
 Ferrara; 147 i.] HORACE. 77 
 
 S cmper k. culti : date qu^ pr^camur* 
 T emporc sacro 
 8cc. 8cc. ice. 
 
 This Ode concludes the vohime on the reverse of the 106th and last 
 leaf. Beneath the six last verses of text, we read as follows. 
 
 FINIS 
 
 F errari^ impressit rcgnatc sub hcrcule diuo 
 R egia quo gaudet nunc lianora uiro : 
 
 C arnerius pucr Aiigustinus : cui dcdit alma 
 B ernardus luccm bibliopola bonus. 
 . M . CCCC.LXXIIII: 
 
 After Maittairc, whose description of this exceedingly rare impres- 
 sion is confined only to the colophon, {Annul. Typog. vol. i. 33G, 
 note 1,) it is doubtful whether we can discover any correct traces of it 
 in future bibliographers. In France it is probal)ly unknown. De 
 Bure, La Serna Santander, and Brunet, all relying upon Maittaire. 
 Even Baruffaldi, in his Tipografia Ferrarese, 1777, 8vo. p. 60-63, ap- 
 pears to add notliing to the information of Maittaire ; although he 
 supposes, gratuitously, that the edition was executed before the pre- 
 ceding one by Zarotus. AudiflFredi, Edit. Ital. p. 232, merely quotes 
 Maittaire and Baruffaldi. t Panzer is equally sterile : Annul. Typog. 
 vol. i. p. 394 ; and Mitscherlich is obliged to content himself with 
 the authorities of his predecessors. Edit. Horut. vol. i. p. lvii. This 
 copy, which is in tender, but perfect condition, was gi\en to Lor 
 Spencer by the late Duke of Devonshire ; and is bound in blue 
 morocco. The horizontal water-marks clearly denote it to be a 
 quarto, and not octavo— as is erroneously stated in the Introd. to 
 the Classics, vol. i. p. 40O — upon the faitli of Maittaire and La Serna 
 Santander. It is probable, however, that this was the identical copy 
 seen by Maittaire. 
 
 • Sic. 
 
 t — ' e per sontcnza di questi Scrittori la edizion Ferrarese tiene il terzo posto, dopo le 
 due Mikuesi per Autoiiio Zaroto, &c. — Ma per non mover lite di precedenza saremo contenti 
 di dire, che la edizion Ferrdresc fu tra le prime' Baeuifaldi ; p. 6'2.
 
 78 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Milafi; 1476. 
 
 261. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Printed hy 
 Philip de Lavagnia. Milan. 1476. Folio. 
 
 An elegantly executed edition, and by no means of common occur- 
 rence. It has been very superficially described by Maittaire, De Bare, 
 Saxius, and Panzer; and merits a somewhat particular detail. On the 
 recto of the first leaf, the text commences thus : 
 
 QVINTI HORATII FLACCI 
 VENVSINI CARMINVM LIBER 
 PRIMVS AD MECOENATEM. 
 
 m Ecoenas Atauis edite regibus : 
 
 O 8c praesidium 8c dulce decus meum. 
 Sut quos curriculo puluere oljmpicum 
 Collegisse iuuat : maitaq; feruidis 
 
 E uitata rotis palmaque nobilis 
 
 T errarura dominos euehit ad deos. 
 
 At the end of the Carmen Seculare, on the reverse of fol. 61, it is a» 
 follows : 
 
 H aec loiiem sentire deosque cunctos 
 
 Speni bonam certamque domiim reporto 
 
 Doctus 8c phoebi chorus Dianae 
 
 Dicere laudes. 
 
 FINIS 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf begins the Ars Foetica : a full page 
 having 34 lines. There are uniformly titles to the Odes, Satires, and 
 Epistles. On the recto of the 1 24th, and last leaf, we read the following 
 colophon : 
 
 FINIS 
 
 Hoc opus Horatii eniendatissimum impressum est 
 opaSc impensis Philippi de Lauagnia Ciuis medio 
 lanensis. Anno a Natali Christiano. Mcccclxxvi. 
 die. xvi. Februarii. Amen.
 
 Venice; 147S.] HORACE. 79 
 
 This copy, formerly in Count Reviczky's collection, is in excellent 
 condition ; and bound in red morocco. 
 
 262. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Printed h\j 
 Philip Conda Petri. Venice, 1478. Folio. 
 
 We may be brief in our account of this impression, as a somewhat 
 fuller account of the succeeding one, by the same printer, is found in 
 the following article. On the recto of A z (for A 2) it begins thus : 
 
 QVINTI HORATII FLACCI 
 VENVSINI CARMINVM LIBER 
 PRIMVS AD MECOENATEM. 
 
 ECOENAS Atauis edite 
 regibus : 
 
 O Xc prassidiu &: dulce decus 
 nieum. 
 
 Sunt quos curriculo pulue^ 
 rem olympicum 
 
 Sec. 8cc. &:c. 
 
 A full page has 36 lines. On the recto of P. vj. in eights, the 
 colophon is thus : 
 
 Horatii opere finis cum magna diligentia. Impressum 
 per Philippuj conda petri in ueneciis ducate loanne 
 mozenico inclito duce Mcccclxxviii die xv septebris 
 
 The register is beneath. Bentley praised this edition, and thought 
 it was the riusx extant ; never having seen one more ancient. From 
 the conclusion of the account of the ensuing impression, it will appear 
 that the merits of the present one are extremely doubtful ; or rather 
 that it is among the most erroneous ones of the XVth century — how- 
 ever beautiful and rare it may be. Bound in foreign red morocco.
 
 80 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Femce; 1479. 
 
 263. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Printed hy 
 Philip Conda Petri. Venice. 1479. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a. 2, we read the following title 
 and commencement of the first Ode. 
 
 Q VINTI HORATII FLACCI VENVSTINI* 
 CARMINVM LIBER PRIMVS AD MECO 
 
 ENATEM 
 
 m Ecoenas Atauis edite regibus : 
 
 O Ic prjesidium Sc dulce decus meu. 
 Sut quos curriculo puluere olympicu 
 Collegisse iuuat : maetaque feruidis 
 
 E uitata rotis palmaque nobilis 
 
 T errarum dominos euehit ad deos. 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The signatures run in eights ; and the fourth leaf of every signature 
 is uniformly designated by q : the signatures have also another pecu- 
 liarity of bemg introduced at the end of the last line. The last signa- 
 ture, p, has only six leaves : the impression terminating on the recto 
 of the sixth leaf of it, thus : 
 
 FINIS.:. 
 
 Horatii opere finis cu magna diligentia. Impssu 
 Per philippuj conda petii i ueneciis ducate loae 
 mozenico iclito duce M cccc Ixxviiii die xviii 
 septembris. 
 
 The register is beneath. De Bure, Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 316, 
 says this edition differs only in the subscription, from the preceding 
 one, of the date of 1478, by the same printer. The present, by being 
 a fine copy, affords a good specimen of the press of this ingenious 
 artist. It is however quite evident — from the extract given in this 
 and the preceding article — that this latter edition is a thorough 
 
 • Sic.
 
 Caen; 1480.] HORACE. 81 
 
 reimpression of the text of the poet : a circumstance, somewhat singular; 
 and demonstrative, at least, of the popularity of Horace with the Ve- 
 netian irtudents of this period. Mitscherlich is quite clear and satis- 
 factory upon this point; and adds, moreover, that the second impres- 
 sion has faithfully propagated all the eiTors of the first. The reader 
 may see his opinion more fully stated in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. i. 
 p. 401-2. There is in this copy, on the recto of the second leaf, the 
 painted coat of arms of some Bishop or Cardinal ; with the date of 
 l.'j^l subjoined. In red morocco binding ; and apparently from the 
 Harleian Collection. 
 
 264. HoRATius. EpiSTOLiE. Printed hy Jacob 
 JJurandus and Egid'ius. Caen. 1480. Quarto. 
 
 As far as t can discover, Maittaire is the only bibliographer who has 
 made mention of this handsome and uncommon impression of the 
 Epistles of Horace. He confines liis description of it to the colophon ; 
 but it is singular that he copies the first two words of it, thus — ' Im- 
 pressum Cadomum' — and adds, 'melius fuisset Cadomi:' the reader 
 will observe, from the subjoined extract, that it is ' Cadomi' in the 
 original. Panzer merely copies ^laittaire ; not without Marchand 
 having done the snuie thing before him. Annul. Typog. vol. i. p. 26'8 ; 
 Hist, de I'Imprim. p. 73. Mitscherlich has only the barren account of 
 it given by his predecessors : Edit. Horat. vol. i. p. lxii. The French 
 bibliographers, from De Bure to Brunei, have omitted to notice it ; 
 nor had it been seen by Count Reviczky. 
 
 On the recto of sign, a i. we read as follows : 
 
 5!mi^unt cpij^tolc {joracii 
 OJpi^toIa ab mcccnatcm. 
 
 Hinia bictc mitji 
 
 jeumnia ticnitJC camcna 
 ^pcctatu .satis n bonatinn ia nitic ([mvi^ 
 flC^cccnaS itcrum nic antiquo icluticrc hitio 
 /)oii caticm f ctaflf no nirS. tocianiiis? arniisf 
 i^crnilis aD p ostein firis !atct ablJitusf agro 
 
 VOL. II. M
 
 82 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence; 1482. 
 
 ^t gopulum ejctrema toticn^? txovtt arena 
 <e^t milji purgata cteBro qui pctiSfonct mil 
 kc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 A full page has 20 lines. The titles are introduced in lower-case 
 letter : signature a has eight leaves : b and c have each eight ; irre- 
 gularly marked : d and e have also eight — but d i and e i are omitted. 
 On the recfo of the last leaf, e viij, we read the last verse only of the 
 Epistles ; and the colophon, thus : 
 
 fini^ 
 3[mprefie?um €atiomi ptt magijftrojef 3!^f«'tium 
 Hurantiajef tt ^gitiiu qui ioue %nm tiomini 
 flt^illejgfimo quatinngentciafimo octoge^imo 
 men^e giunio tiie Ijero ^txta tiu^tm mtn^i^ 
 
 This rare little volume is indeeed a very handsome production of 
 the Caen press ; and is the only book which Panzer has been enabled 
 to give an account of, as proceeding from the same, in the fifteenth 
 century. The lines are well spaced ; the letter is elegant, large, and 
 extremely legible : and the ink is of a fine black tone. This copy, which 
 was Dr. Farmer's, (^Bibl. Farmer, n°. 958,) has been unluckily cut by 
 the book-binder to the size of an octavo. It is in calf binding. 
 
 265. Opera Omnia. Cum Commentariis Chris- 
 TOPHORi Landtni. Pi'inted hy Miscominus. 
 Florence, 1482. Folio. 
 
 All critics and bibliographei's have united in their praises of this 
 exceedingly elegant and valuable impression — containing the Com- 
 mentaries of the celebrated Landino ; whose name has been recently 
 made more familiar to the public in Mr. Roscoe's biography of the 
 Medici Family. The printer has shewn himself to be worthy of the 
 poet and commentator ; for a more tasteful specimen of early typo- 
 graphy can rarely be seen. The volume has been so frequently de- 
 scribed, and is so well known, that we may be as biief as possible, 
 consistently with accuracy. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf is printed the celebrated Ode to
 
 Florence; 1482.] HORACE. 83 
 
 Horace by Politian ; so classical and interesting, that, after the 
 example of Ernesti, who has extracted it— it shall receive a literal re- 
 print in the present place : 
 
 AD HORATIVM FLACCVM ODE 
 
 DICOLOS TETRASTROPHOS 
 
 ANGELI POLITIANI. 
 
 Vatcs threicio blandior orphco ; 
 
 Seu malis fidibus sistere lubricos 
 
 Amnis/ seu tremulo ducerc pollice 
 
 Ipsis cum latebris feras. 
 Vales aolii pectinis arbiter : 
 
 Qui princeps latiam sollicitas clieljn 
 
 Ncc segnis titulos addere noxiis/ 
 
 Nigro carmine frontibus. 
 Quis te a barbarica compede uindicat ? 
 
 Quis frontis nebulam dispulit : k situ 
 
 Deterso/ leuibus restituit choris 
 
 Curata iuuenem cute ? 
 O t] nuper eras nubilus : Sc malo 
 
 Obductus senio : i| nitidos ades/ 
 
 Nunc uultus referens docta fragrantibus 
 
 Cinctus tempora floribus. 
 Talem purpureis reddere solibus 
 
 Laetum pube noua post gelidas niues 
 
 Serpentem positis exuuiis solet 
 
 Verni temperies poli. 
 Talem te choreis reddidit : k. lyrag 
 
 Landinus ueterum laudibus emulih 
 
 Qualis tu solitus tibur ad uuidum 
 
 Blandam tendere barbiton. 
 Nunc te delitiis/ nunc decet &: leui 
 Lasciuire ioco/ nunc puerilibus
 
 84 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Moreyice ; 1482. 
 
 Insertum thyasis/ ant fide garrula 
 Inter ludere uirgines ;* 
 
 The proeme of Landino's Commentary begins on the recto of the 
 ensuing and second leaf, ending on the recto of the third. A table of 
 7 pages of Horatian phrases or words, commented upon by the Editor 
 in the course of the work, follows. We have next, a kind of second 
 introduction to the Commentary ; 2 leaves : and numbered I and H in 
 the centre, at top. Towards the end of this introduction, Landino 
 
 * This Ode has been also reprinted by Mr. Roscoe ; and accompanied by so faithful 
 and elegant a translation, by the same distinguished writer, that I flatter myself its iasertioii 
 will be equally acceptable with the original. 
 
 Poet, than whom the Bard of Tlirace 
 Ne'er knew to touch a sweeter string ; 
 O whether from their deep recess, 
 The tenants of the wilds thou bring. 
 
 With all their shades; whether thy strain 
 
 Bid listening rivers cease to flow ; * 
 
 Whether with magic verse thou staiu 
 
 A lasting blot on vice's brow ; 
 
 Poet! who first the Latian lyre 
 To sweet -<Eolian numbers strung ! 
 When late repressed thy native fire. 
 When late impervious glooms o'erhung 
 
 Thy front, O say what hand di^one 
 Thy rude barbaric chains unbound. 
 And bade thee in new lustre shine, 
 Thy locks with venial roses crown'd ? 
 
 As when m spring's reviving gleam 
 The serpent quits his scaly slough. 
 Once more beneath the sunny beam. 
 In renovated youth to glow ; 
 
 To thy lov'd lyre, and choral throng. 
 Landing thus their poet brings ; 
 Such as thy Tiber heard thy song, 
 IVIidst her cool shades and gushuig springs. 
 
 Again with tales of whispered love, 
 With sprightly wit of happiest vein. 
 Through bands of vuie-crown'd youths to rove, 
 Or sport amidst the virgin train. 
 
 Lor. de Medici; vol. Edit. 1796, 4to. 
 
 i
 
 mthout Date.-] HORACE. 85 
 
 says — * Sed iam ad poetae uersus transeamus.' The ensuing leaves, to 
 the end of the Commentary, are numbered at bottom; and on the 
 recto of the Hid, the text begins thus — surrounded by illustration — ^ 
 
 ECENAS ATAVIS AEDI 
 TE REGIBVS. 
 
 —but this verse is before printed, 'MECENAS ATAVIS EDITE 
 REGIBVS:' a variation somewhat sudden, though not unusual. A 
 busy scribe or student of the xvith century has struck his pen through 
 the A of the AEDITE, m the text. On the recto of fol. cclxv, we 
 read the following conclusion and imprint : 
 
 Christophori landini florentini in. Q. Hora 
 
 tii flacci opera omnia interprctatio 
 
 num finis diuino auxilio felix. 
 
 Impressum per Antonium miscominum flo 
 
 rentice Anno salutis. M.CCCCLXXXII. 
 
 Nonis augusti. 
 
 On the reverse of this leaf, and on the recto of the following and 
 last leaf, is a table of errors. Count Reviczky has well observed, in a 
 ms. note, that this impression does not yield in beauty to books of 
 modern date. The Commentary is uniformly in a smaller Roman 
 type than the text. This copy is bound in red morocco. 
 
 266. HoRATius. De Arte Poetica. TVithout 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This impression is bound with an edition of the epigrams of Balbus; 
 and seems to be different from any of those dateless ones, mentioned 
 by Panzer, vol. i. p. 505. It begins thuii on the recto of the first leaf: 
 
 <Ouinti jjoratii f iacci Dc arte 
 poetica ab pisone^ liber Jntipit* 
 
 tlmano capiri ceniitcin pictor equinani 
 3ungere si belit : et Marias iiiDucere plumai^ 
 Ontiiq3 collati^ niemliri.s : \M turpitcr atrum 
 E e^iiiat in pi^cem nmlier foniio.sa jsuperne ;
 
 Br, ANCIENT CLASSICS. IFenice; 1495. 
 
 A full page has 31 lines. The type is close, and probably of a date 
 not earlier than 1490. On the reverse of the 8th and last leaf, we 
 read as follows : 
 
 €xpiicit (DratiuiB? tie arte ^ottita. 
 
 This copy was formerly in the possession of Crynes, a squii'e-beadle 
 of the University of Oxford ; and has his name printed at the end, in 
 small italic letters. The Bodleian library contains many rare and 
 curious volumes which once belonged to the same well known col- 
 lector. In calf binding. 
 
 267- HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Cum Commen- 
 tariis Landini. Printed hy Bernardus de 
 Tridino. V^enice. 1486. Folio. 
 
 This is one of the numerous reprints of the popular Commentary of 
 Landino ; but ' the curious (according to De Bure) are only particu- 
 larly attached to that of John de Forlivio, printed at Venice in 1483.' 
 Bihliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 318-19. On the reverse of the first leaf 
 we read Politian's Ode to Horace ; and on the recto of the ensuing 
 one, a ii, commences the introduction to Landino's Commentary. On 
 the recto of a iii begins the Life of Horace. On the reverse of a iiii 
 is the first Ode ; which, with the ensuing text of the poet, is, as before, 
 surrounded by Commentary. There are clxxviii. numbered folios. 
 At the bottom of the last, on the recto, is the following imprint, in 
 one line : 
 
 Impssu uenetiis p magistru Bernardinu de tridino 
 ex moteferrato Anno salutis . M.cccc.lxxxvi. 
 
 The register is beneath. An indifferent copy, in calf binding. 
 
 268. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Cum Commen- 
 tariis Mancinelli. Printed at T^enice. 1495. 
 Folio. 
 
 In addition to the Commentaries of Aero, Porphyrio, and Landino, 
 the present impression contains that of Antonius Mancinellvs, 
 Veliternus ; who appears to have first published his Commentary at
 
 Strasbourg; 1498.] HORACE. y; 
 
 Venice, in 1492: see Panzer, vol. iii. p. 323. n°. 1553. Like moit 
 new editors, Mancinellus commences his own labours by an indirect 
 censure of those of his predecessors. His address, on the recto of 
 the first leaf, is dated Venice, October, 1492 : he concludes it by 
 promising a more satisfactory illustration of his author than had 
 hitherto appeared. On the reverse of the first leaf, after the life of 
 Horace, we have 10 hexameter and pentameter verses of * Doinicus 
 PaUadius Soranus to the reader.* On the recto of a iii numbered 
 [fol.] I, at top, both the text and commentary begin ; and conclude 
 on the recto of G ii (second alphabet) fol. cclviii. At bottom we 
 read the imprint, thus : 
 
 Qu. Horatii opera: Venetiis Impressa. Anno sal utis 
 M.CCCCXCV. die xvi februarii. 
 
 « 
 A table of 6 pages, and a register, follow. The reader may consult 
 
 Panzer, vol. iii. p. 381. n°. 19S0 : who says, that the last leaf (wanting 
 
 in this copy) contains the letters B. F : which are probably meant 
 
 for the initials of the printer, Benedict Fontana. An indifferent copy, 
 
 in calf binding. 
 
 269. HoRATius. Opera Omnia. Cum Annota- 
 tionibus Iacobi Locheri. Printed hy Rein- 
 hardus, alias Gilrninger. Strasbourg. 1498. 
 Folio. 
 
 We have at length reached the last, and not the least interesting-, 
 article relating to the early editions of Horace in this Library. U'iiile 
 the lover of ancient design and engraving may be induced to covet this 
 volume, from these considerations alone, the scholar and critic will 
 not be indifferent to the possession of it, when he reads the ensuing 
 notices of its comparative intrinsic worth. This is the impression 
 which, in the Bibl. Harleian. vol. iii. n**. 754, is called ' one of tlie 
 greatest curiosities in the whole Harleian collection : being adorned 
 with a vast number of cuts, reckoned extremely beautiful when they 
 were done.' The reader will theiefore expect some gratifying account 
 of so extraordinary a volume. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, above a large wood-cut portrait — ■ 
 of part of which the ensuing is a fac-simUe, and which is probably
 
 68 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 1498. 
 
 intended for that of Horace — we read the following title, in large 
 lower-case Gothic type : 
 
 ^oratij flatci Wimminu 
 ^oete lirtci opera cu qut 
 
 Iiu^tiam 3llnnotatoib% 3litiagimBu^ q^ pult^tt 
 nmx0* aptiisfqj ati <0tiaru concetuief i ^tntttia^ 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the second leaf we have, at top, 
 the Epigram of Locher to his readers. Beneath, there is an oblong 
 wood-cut, entitled • fi^atfjetJta Muearum;' in the centre of which 
 Calliope is seated, crowning Horace, who kneels before her. The 
 eight other Muses stand around. Under this cut is the address of 
 Calliope to her favourite poet — beginning thus : 
 
 En ego calliope turbis comitata sororum. 
 
 Exorno vatis tempora clara mei. 
 Dignus/ \'t aonius in summo vertice lauros 
 
 EfFerat : 8c placida inunera fronte geiat f 
 Florentes hederas collo superaddite vatis 
 
 lo socie ? tantuni Sc concelcbrate virum.
 
 Strasbourg; 1489.] HORACE. S\) 
 
 Hie primus latio parios monstrauit ianibosr 
 Intulit et lyricos/ pindaricosque modos : 
 
 Carminis effictor cui nonien mascula saphus 
 Imposuit : grais non minor ille fuit. 
 
 kc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 On the reverse of the same leaf commences a Latin epistle of Locher, 
 the editor, ' Ad illustreni principem Carohim Marchionem Badensem ;' 
 having the arms of the latter spiritedly cut in wood, and indented 
 within the same. This epistle terminates on the recto of the ensuing 
 leaf, thus : ' Horatium itaque nuper a me reuisum : & formis imagini- 
 busque pulchcrrimis adornatum : cum in manii tenerem : cogitaui 
 eundcm non alteri : quam tibi prijicipi clarissimo dedicare : vt horatio 
 nostro : cuius laudes & precoma infra videbis : honorem & auctoritatem 
 faceres. ne ab ignobili vulgo penitus contaminaretur. Appone scutii 
 tuu no^tris laboribus. vt deinceps ad maiora queq; volumina alacriorea 
 flimus. Vale spes vnica. vnicumque presidium, ex friburgensiGymnasio, 
 1.4. 9. 7.' Locher kept his word with his patron ; for the ensuing year 
 he brought out Terence, adorned with many of the cuts which are 
 in the present publication. This epistle is followed by a life of Horace, 
 and a dissertation upon the metres of the poet. In the whole, 5 leaves. 
 
 The recto of the ensuing leaf, numbered I at top, presents us with 
 the commencement of the first ode : adorned by a large wood cut of 
 three whole length figures to the left — an old man with a sceptre in 
 his left hand — intended for Mecenas, being the third. To the right, 
 is the figure of the poet, crowned, with a label, on which is inscribed 
 the first verse of the first ode. To the second Ode, on fol. in, recto, is 
 prefixed a very large wood-cut, of three figures, of the dimensions of 
 the fac-simile subjoined. The middle figure is IVLIVS CESAR, with 
 a sceptre in his right hand ; his left hand upon his breast ; and a broad 
 Turkish scimitar swinging across him. This figure, detached, occurs 
 again several times in the volume. To the right, is Cassivs in the 
 attitude of presenting a dagger over the left shoulder of Caesar. The 
 wrath of Heaven, at the deed, is attested by clouds emitting fire and 
 stones above the head of Cassius. To the left of Caesar stands Brvtvs; 
 in an attitude which may remind the connoisseur in ancient paintings 
 of the ease and dignity of some of the whole-length portraits of the 
 Italian school : as the following fac-simile may prove. 
 
 VOL. il. II
 
 90 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 1489. 
 
 I 
 
 The first, and every, book of the Odes, and indeed of the entire 
 works of Horace, are filled throughout with a profusion of small 
 whole-length figures constantly repeated; of some of which the ensuing 
 are fac-simUes. These figures are occasionally the same, in character, 
 with those which appear in our own early printed books of the xvith 
 century : especially in the Shepherd's Calendar.* The collector 
 may also meet with them in the small pieces of Copland and Wyer, 
 as well as of almost every printer of the same period. The second two 
 figures are thus united in the original. 
 
 • See Typographical Antiquitiet of Great Britain; vol. ii. p. 534. edit, 1810.
 
 Strasbourg; 1498.] HORACE. 
 
 91 
 
 ^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 1 
 
 ■ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 i 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 p 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 ^nlP 
 
 ^v 
 
 %^i^^^t 
 
 ^1^ 
 
 r m
 
 i)2 
 
 ANCIKNT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 1498. 
 
 i
 
 Strasbourg ; 1498.} 
 
 HORACE. 
 
 1)3 
 
 The preceding embellishments are sufficient, I tr^^^ *° justify the 
 compliment paid to them by the compiler of the Harleian Catalogue : 
 a compliment, expressed, it must be confessed, with more zeal in the 
 cause of bibliography, than elegance or even correctness of language. 
 It is probable that, in the estimation of some collectors, I may have 
 failed to present the reader with the most interesting specimens from 
 this curious volume ; but on this score I throw myself upon his candor 
 as well as taste : being conscious of having done much, where before 
 nothing of the kind had been executed. I should mention that the 
 present copy contains, in general, but very indifferent impressions of 
 these cuts : nor must it also be concealed that the greater number 
 of them will be found in succeeding early editions of Virgil and 
 Horace. They are, however, yet interesting, as presenting us with 
 the costume of the times, and as being among the earliest eflforts to 
 illustrate the text of so popular a poet. 
 
 Between the lines of the text of Horace, there are explanatory 
 words, printed in a small Gothic type : and to the right and left are 
 the annotations ; executed in a small neat Roman letter. The text is 
 uniformly jjrinted in a comparatively large Roman type. On the re-
 
 94 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ^Strasbourg; 1498. 
 
 verse of fol. ccvii, (the centenary number, from fol. cxxxix to fol. 
 CLXiii being omitted) the text of the poet concludes; having the 
 following device and colophon (the latter printed in 5 lines) beneath: 
 
 €laboratum tmpresfsumq? est 
 ^ot elegatts. i^rnatum: splen^ 
 
 didum : comptumque Horatii Flacci Venusini. lyrici 
 Poete opus, cum vtilissimis argumetis ; ac imagini- 
 bus pulcherrimis: in celebri : libera: imperialiq; vrbe 
 Argentina, opera Sc ipensis sedulis qq; laboiib' Prouidi 
 viri lohanis Reinhardi cognometo Giiininger ciuis 
 eiusde vrbis argetinenis : qrto idus Marcij. absolutu 
 vero Anno domini M.cccc.xcviij. 
 
 Six leaves of indexes, under the two following heads, close the 
 volume: viz. i. * Directorium index Vocuni et rerura :' ' ii. Directo- 
 rium sententiarum et ad Virtutes Index.' The present copy wants 7 
 leavts at the begiiming, and the whole of the indexes : but the pre- 
 ceding description has been completed by the loan of a perfect copy 
 from my friend Mr. Douce ; who is also in possession of an equally 
 desirable copy of the Terence, by the same editor.
 
 Strasbourg; 1498.] HORACE. 96 
 
 It now remains to observe upon the intrinsic value of this edition. 
 All the previous impressions of Horace had been taken from MSS. found 
 in Italy : the present one gives us the text of a MS. found in Germany. 
 On this account Bentley valued the edition : and Ernesti thus observes 
 upon it. ' Horatius per Iacobum Locherum* Poetam laureatum et 
 Professorem in Gymnasio Friburgensi, cum argument is, scholiis, 
 glossa interlineari et iconibus ligno mira simplicitate incisis, prodiit 
 Argentorati 1498, &c. — cuius textum valde laudat Rich. Bentleius, ut 
 e MS. libro eoque bono ductum, cum Italicae editiones fere altera 
 alteram expresserit, ut ea quoque editio inter principes et ad crisin 
 utiles numeranda sit.' Bihl. Let. vol. i. p. 407- These words are in part 
 repeated by Panzer ; vol. i. p. 61. u°. 339 : and the more critical autho- 
 rity of Mitschcrlich observes — ' lacobus Locher quam [editionem] 
 
 iure inter principes referas, quandoquidem non ex Italicis exemplaribus, 
 sed e Codicibus in Germania custoditis, iisque satis probis, earn ductam 
 esse apparet.' Edit. Horat. vol. i. p. lxxii. Seemiller is brief, but 
 exact in his description: Incunab. Typog. fasc. iv. p. 101. n°. 45. 
 There was a copy of it in the Valliere collection : Cat. de la Valliere, 
 vol. ii. p. 92. n°. 2468. The present copy is an indifferent one: in 
 calf binding. 
 
 * I regret that neither Gesner, Bayle, Baillet, Fresnoy, nor Fabricius have enabled me 
 to lav any particulars of the family and life of Locher before the reader. That the 
 above editor of Horace was a man of singular taste and spirit, may be fairly inferred from 
 the nature of his publications. The work by wliich he is principally known, is, I believe, 
 the Latin translation of the Na VIS Stvltifera from the German of Sebasfian Brandt: 
 of which Panzer specifies eight Latin editions in the x^th centurj- — between the years 1496 
 and 1499. The English impressions of this work, by Pynson and Cawood, are sufl[iciently 
 known to our curious collectors. The original works of Locher are compendiously stated by 
 Bauer, in his Suppl. Bibl. Libror. Rarior. vol. ii. p. 182 ; but more carefully mentioned by 
 Panzer, in his Annal. Typog. vol. v. p. 285-6- The tk'osof them are these : Panegip-icus ad 
 Marimil. Romanor. Regem. Argent. 1497, 4to.: Theologica emphasis, 6cc. Basil, 1496, 4to. 
 Crammatica Nova. 1495, 4to. Epithoma Rhetorices graphicum in Ciceran. S[ Quititil. Basil. 
 1496, sine loco et ann. 4to. Ludicrum Drama de Sene Amatore, sine loc. 6c ami. 4to. 
 Duo Spectacula et Oratio funebris in laudem Bavar. ducis. Hedwigis. 4to. sine loc. et ann. 
 Carmen heroicum departu monstroso. Ingoktad. 1499, 4to. Carmen de Diluvia Romano, 4to. 
 sine loc. et ann. Carmen de S. Calhariiui, 1496, 4to. Rosarium coelesti* curiae et patriae 
 triumphantis. Ingolst. 1499. fol.
 
 «j6* ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Milan; 1493. 
 
 270. IsocRATES. Gr. Printed hy Henricus 
 Germanus and Sebastianus ex Pontremulo. 
 Milan. 1493. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This is one of the most beautiful and rare vo- 
 lumes of ancient Greek typography. Nor is its intrinsic excellence less 
 deserving of commendation : it being, in the opinion of Fabricius, 
 more correct than the Aldine impression of 1513. We may proceed 
 to a bibliographical description of it. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a ii, we read the commencement 
 of the author's life, taken from Plutarch, in the following manner : 
 
 a-oxpaTTia- flgoSwpou fx.h jjv vukt tov u^x^z- 
 psco(r laov (/.sroicov TroXiTcov. ^spcnrovraiT 
 \ oLvXcynoioho' xsx7t]ju,£Vou. xa< lij7roprj<ravTO<r 
 
 aTTO TOWTcov. cti(r Ku) yoprf^\(Tcn xa) vaihu 
 <rai loxia vioba. ri<Tuy yap avrca xa» aKKoi re 
 Kea-mTToa- not) AiOfji,i^<rTO(r. yjv Se xa» fiuya- 
 Tojov. odsv elj lova- auXohcr xex.a}[ji.ooiiilai inro ixpKrTO(puvowr 
 xa< (rTpaT»So(r. yjvo/xevocr Ssxa to. t^v oySorjxocr^v exT»jv 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 There are 25 lines beneath : a full page containing 35 lines. The 
 first set of signatures contains a and seven, y eight, and S ten leaves : 
 the tenth of S being blank. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, A i, we 
 have, at top, the woid ' 'Euayojsao-.' From A to A inclusively, there 
 are eight leaves to each signature : then M to V in sixes : and V Y ia 
 sixes : next, AA to CC, inclusively, in sixes. On the recto of CC six 
 the work ends ; with the register beneath : on the reverse, we read 
 the following imprint or colophon : 
 
 STsXsKloQri avv Qsco to Trapov €t§xlov \(xoxupa.TOV(T ev [is 
 
 hoXuvco diopSoii&h ju-sv OTTO AriixYiTplov Tou yoCK- 
 
 y.'i)i%\}\orj TWTTcoflsv 8e xa< (ruvreOsv otto Ipoi 
 
 X.00 lou yspfjutvou xa) (rs§a<rTiuvotj tov Ix 
 
 TrovTpsfxovKov. to ^avaXcoi^u 
 
 ■jrsTTOiYiKouriv 6j 7oD XufXTrpo 
 
 TUTOV YiyS[t.6vO(T /X=- 
 
 ZioXuvou ypu}),- 
 
 fJMTsic
 
 jWlmi; I49li ISOCRATES. 97 
 
 Beneath, is the date and printer's device ; of wliich the followiuo- 
 
 are fac-similcs : 
 
 b 
 
 6apSo)Vofjt.ouoa' o^Kuao-ccr'BiKeyTioo* ^iAiwpccij?oc 
 BapyoAof<-ouo<; poQjoyoar eTS Tu>cX'7roT-Ho*;>(piq'oij 
 
 TplTW JJUHJiOO* ICtpOUaplOUcfKoq-H TETCtpTH* 
 
 Maittaire, vol. i. p. 559, note 2 (not vol. iv. pt. ii, as Harles in his 
 Fabric. Bill. Grac. vol. ii. p. 794, has referred to him), observes that 
 Ulric Scinzenzeler used thiis device ; and Saxiiis, in liis Hist. Lit. Typog. 
 Mediol. p. Dxcii, note h, thinks that Henricus Gernianus was one and 
 the same person with Scinzenzeler : for (says he) * in a prefatory 
 epistle of Franciscus Tantius Cornigerus, prefixed to an edition of the 
 Triumphs of Petrarch, of 1494, Ulric (Scinzenzeler) is called Henry.' 
 There may be tnith in this conjecture. 
 
 Harles (ibid) has not failed to notice the error of the Abbe Rive and 
 Auger, in supposing that there was an edition of Isocrates, of the above 
 date, in an octavo form ; and De Bure, in the ' Avertissemeat' to tlie / 
 
 VOL. II. o
 
 98 ANCIENT CLASSICS. lAugsboiirg; 1470. 
 
 LaValliere Catalogue of 1783, p. xxj-xxvj has devoted several pages to 
 a trium])h over the former, in having committed so gross an error. Rive, 
 in his Chasse aux Bibliographes, 1789, observes a prudent silence upon 
 this flagrant blunder. Auger depended entirely upon Rive's communi- 
 cation — which was given in consequence of his having discovered a copy 
 cut down to the size of an octavo. This copy was in the Valliere collec- 
 tion ; and is now in the Library here described. Both this and a large 
 copy (of the usual dimension?) were purchased by Count Reviczky, and 
 are the identical ones in Lord Spencer's Collection. A ms. note, in- 
 serted in the former copy, tells us that it is kept in testimony of the 
 blunder of Rive and Auger. Lange, the last editor of Isocrafes, sub- 
 scribes to the opinion of some German bibliographer, that this is the 
 second work printed in the Greek type : an opinion equally erroneous 
 with the preceding one. De Bure, vol. iii. n®. 2343, observes that 
 there is a copy of this impression upon vellum, in the Ambrosian li- 
 brary at Milan. Saxius, who had seen this copy, notices it in his Hist. 
 Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dxcii, note h. De Bure had probably never 
 seen it — yet he suppresses the authority from whence he obtained his 
 information. Brunet, in his Manuel du Libraire, vol. i. p. 583-4, gra- 
 tuitously adds another copy or two printed in the same manner. The 
 reader may consult the Tntrod. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 1-2, for nume- 
 rous references to copies of this work in the libraries of our late 
 principal collectors. The cropt copy of this edition, in the present 
 Library, is bound in blue morocco : a fine large one, in the usual folio 
 size, is in red morocco. 
 
 271 JosEPHUs. Opera Omnia. Latine. Printed 
 hy John Schiisler. Augshourg. 14/0. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This is a magnificent volume, and merits a 
 particular description ; especially as Zapf informs us that ' the ravages 
 of time have spared very few of Schiiszler's productions. This printer 
 (continues he), who exercised his art only from the year 1470 to 1472, 
 inclusively, is distinguished rather by the elegance and selection, than 
 by the number, of his performances. Whether he died, or bade fare- 
 well to business, after the year 1472, is uncertain.' Annal Typog. 
 August, p. XX : pt. ii. p. 5. The curious must therefore be anxious to 
 become acquainted with this volume. A few bibliographical observa- 
 tions shaU be afterwards subjoined. On the recto of the first leaf, at 
 top of the first column, we read as follows ;
 
 jiugsbourg; 1470.] JOSEPHUS. 99 
 
 Sfoaeplji i)ij9ftono0pljt tjiri darif)3iimi prologivs^ 
 in lifiroi9f antiquitatum \3ijjiri iutv^it fcUcitcc. 
 
 5;stona 2^tvM 
 tiisponcntiby 
 no ^nam ncc 
 eantjem tjitieo 
 em^tieni leftubii 
 causa f5 ml ta^ 
 eri^tcre* <$ aft 
 altenitro plu^ 
 rimu nifferrtcs? 
 I^am qe quitiam 
 8^c. S^c. 8cc. 
 
 This prologue concludes at the top of the second column on the re- 
 verse of the tiist leaf. Then follow the heads of chapters, ending at 
 bottom of the first column on the second leaf. At top of the second 
 column of the same leaf, the Latin version of the History begins thus : 
 
 ^[o.sffplji anttquitatisf iiitiaicc 
 lilier primui^ incipit fdictter. 
 
 n%^, j^e0. 0u^, zenii^' 
 
 ati a^pcctum non teniret. ct profunbitate tcne^ 
 
 firi^cclaretur* $ ^piritus^ licilicjsupcrportarctui; 
 
 Xcc. 8cc, 8cc. 
 
 After the conclusion of the xxth book (' JLaus majcimo optimo' being 
 at the bottom of the last column) we read, on the recto of the follow- 
 ing leaf, at top of col. 1 : 
 
 <Bxtmt0 libri antiquitatum* qui flfunt simul 
 biginti. uer^u^ continent ^cjcaginta milia*
 
 100 ANCIENT CLASSICS, i^ugshourg ; 1470. 
 
 Then follow some verses upon the same; succeeded by Eusebius's 
 commendation of Josephus. A brief account of the seven wonders 
 of the world succeeds ; concluding with that of the Temple of Diana 
 at Ephesus, at top of the second column. Beneath, we read the first 
 colophon, thus : 
 
 3i0j^epf)i ljii9ftoriograp!|i tiri darifjefimt libri 
 antiqiiitatum numcco iJigltL per 3[oljannem 
 jBfcl^ujsfler. Ciuem,3fiugujeftens?em{imunt Micitec 
 noil ^criptorum quiliem arte* jfeb qua nostra 
 tannem tta^ tiotata t^t, iniprefsforia jfcj erarati 
 3lnno a nariuitate currente tiominica, ^ilit^ 
 je^imoquatiringetttejBfimojSeptuageiefimo . feaif bajsf 
 bcro iuiiajsr quarto* 
 
 We have, in the next place, on the recto of the ensuing leaf, the 
 commencement of the first of the seven following books ; which con- 
 clude at bottom of the first column on the reverse of the last leaf; 
 presenting us with a second colophon — thus : 
 
 Witt^u0 in io^epl[jum Belli iubaici, 
 Slubaicam guerram gentejBf. brfil* ^acra. terram 
 fine ^imul trtjBfti pro ^anguine pertiita cri^ti* 
 3(o^cp8u^ iiafte meu^ gor eDit»it autor lje6reu!9?» 
 
 Slo^epfji j)i^toriograp|)i biri clarifjsfiini* lihti 
 tit Bello iubaico ^efeptem. finiunt fcUciter* per. 3(o- 
 Jjancm ^clju'fjler ciuem ^lugu^tenjBfem imprefiefi; 
 fealentia^ >6feptem6rii8f tiecimo. 5llnno tjero a ptu 
 birginijsr ^aluti&ro. 0^iUejerimo qtiringente^gfimo 
 jBfeptuage.aimo. 
 
 HauiB? Optimo marimo* 
 
 It will appear, from this description, that the volume is divided 
 into TWO PARTS : the one containing XX Books of the Jewish ^nii- 
 quities ; the other VII Books of the fVar between the Jews and the Romans. 
 Braun says that the first part contains 201 leaves, and the second 86; 
 making 287 leaves in the whole, ' Whether the version be the an- 
 cient one of RuFiNus, Schwarz has not told us'— says Meusel : who
 
 Rome; 1475] JOSEPHUS. 101 
 
 quotes Bib]. Schwarz, pt. ii. p. 73. In regard to the type and paper, 
 too much cannot be said in commendation of them ; altliough Braun 
 has published a wretched fac-simile of the former: Tab. II. n". IV. 
 The reader may have a better notion of these types when he learns that 
 they resemble somewhat those of the Soubi acq pkess ;* (see fac-simile, 
 vol. i. p, 20.5) except that they have a broader face, and therefore 
 look much blacker and bolder. Like the same Sonbiaco letters, the a 
 and e are rather Roman than Gothic. The printer, in the above colo- 
 phons, may justly be proud of his art, so recently introduced into 
 Augsbourg-. A finer specimen of it will be rarely seen. 
 
 This edition is briefly described by ^Maittaire, vol. i. p. 299 ; but 
 more particularly by Meusel and Zapf ; and with yet greater minute- 
 ness by Braun ; who, however, too hastily adopts Meusel's conclusion 
 respecting INIaittaire's ignorance of its existence. It was unknown to 
 Gesner and Fabricius. See the Bibl. Histor. Struv. Edit. Meusel, vol. i. 
 pt. ii. p. 211-12. Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. 130-1. Laire (Index Libror. 
 vol. i. p. 223-4) refers justly to De Bure, Bibliogr. Instructive, vol. v. 
 p. 464 ; whose description is borrowed by La Serna Santander, Diet. 
 Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 51. Both these latter bibliographers unite 
 in observing that the impression is ' very rare and sought after.' 
 A fine copy of it was in the Pinelli collection, Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. n"». 
 2542. Panzer has erred in referring to Seemiller, who gives no ac- 
 count of this edition ; and he has also made a false reference to Braun : 
 Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 100. 
 
 The present is a very magnificent copy ; with many of the fore 
 edges uncut. It is bound in blue morocco. 
 
 27"2. JosEPHUs. De Bello Judaico. Latine. 
 Printed hy Pannartz. Rome. 14/5. Folio. 
 
 This impression, as the above title implies, comprehends only the 
 history of the wars between the Jews and the Romans. Laire, in his 
 Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 215, note c, has given a very brief and 
 erroneous account of it ; for which he is sharj)ly censured by AudifFredi 
 in his Edit. Rom. p. 1S8-9. The former bibliographer has also erred 
 in his Index. Libror. vol. i. p. 224, by observing that Maittaire, Annal. 
 Typog. vol. i. p. 1 13, edit. 1719, had called this the first edition : 
 
 • It is not altogether improbable that the St. Austin De Civit. Dei of 1467, prinled at 
 the Soubiaco IMoiia^tery, iii double columns, might have been the model alter which the 
 present impression was executed : see voL L p. 167-170.
 
 102 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \^Rome ; 1475. 
 
 whereas he merely gives an account of the colophon, in note e — which 
 account, in the subsequent edition of the Typographical Annals, p. 
 347, is incorporated with the text. It appears, however, that Maittaire, 
 in the edition of 1719, was ignorant of the previous impression, of the 
 AVorks of Josephus, by Schiisler ; although, in the edition of 1733, 
 (see preceding article) it is specifically noticed by him. Audiffredi is 
 unusually brief in his description of this volume; which has been 
 called by De Bure and Brunet ' very rare.* Fossi has availed himself of 
 the opinion of De Bure. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 465 : Manuel du 
 Libraire, vol. i. p. 599 : Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. Col. 18. 
 
 We now proceed to a summary description of it. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 HISTORIARVM lOSEPHI LIBRI NVME 
 RO VII. LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 INCIPIT. 
 VONIAM BELLVM quod cum po/ 
 pulo Romano gessere iudpi omnium maxi 
 mu qup nostra ptas uidit : qu^q; auditus per 
 cepimus : ciuitates cum ciuitatibusgentesue 
 Xcc. 8cc. Sec. 
 On the reverse of the last leaf but one, we read the imprint thus : 
 
 F I N I S. 
 
 IMPRESSIT CLARVS AC DILIGENSTISS. 
 ARTIFEX ARNOLDVS PANNARTZ. 
 NATIONE GERMANVS 
 IN DOMO VIRI NOBILIS 
 PETRI DE MAX. CIVIS ROMANI. ANNO 
 INCARNATI VERBL M.CCCCLXXV. 
 DIE VERO. XXV. NOVEM. 
 SEDEN. SIXTO. IIII. 
 PONT. MAX. ANNO. 
 EIVS. 
 .V. 
 PLATYNA EMENDAVIT
 
 mthout Date.] JOSEPH US. 103 
 
 The register occupies the recto of the ensuing and last leaf. A full 
 page comprehends 38 lines. 
 
 It may be worthy of notice, that the present is one of the few books 
 which were executed by Pannartz alone ; after the death of, or after 
 his separation from, his partner Sweynheym ; an event, which took 
 place in the preceding year. Nor did Pannartz long survive the sepa- 
 ration ; he himself dying in the subsequent year, 147G : on the com- 
 pletion of only the first volume of an edition of St. Jerom's Epistles, 
 in the same year. La Serna Santander tells us, that the types of 
 Pannartz, when he printed alone, ' were new and smaller' than 
 when he j)rinted jointly with Sweynheym.* But I am not able to 
 draw the same conclusion, on a careful comparison of this book with 
 some of those so frequently noticed in the preceding volume of this 
 work. There is not so broad a page of text ; but the letters are the 
 same. It remains only to add, that the present beautiful copy is 
 handsomely bomid in red morocco. 
 
 273. Joseph US. Opera Omnia. Lat. Without 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 Of equal, if not of superior, magnificence to the impression of 
 Schiisler, is the one now about to be described. There is a tolerably 
 copious and accurate account of this edition, by La Serna Santander, 
 in his Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 53. Denis, Suppl. Mait. p. 594, 
 n°. 5198, had briefly noticed it, on the authority of Caes. Suhl. p. 3 ; 
 from which Panzer was content to introduce it in his Annul. Typog. 
 vol. iv. p. 148. n". 674. The boldness of the type, and the singularity 
 of the decorations, had made it an object of attraction to preceding 
 bibliographers and collectors. Laire, in his Index Libror. vol. i p. 224, 
 thinks this impression may be the same as that which is noticed in the 
 
 • See the Diet. Biblwgr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 140, note 101. In this note Santander refers 
 to the catalogue of his own books, vol. i. no. 1715, for a description of the Perotti 
 Rudiment. Grammat. 1474, as the first book to which the name of Pannartz, alone, is 
 subjoined. It is hard to be obliged to correct an author's reference to the catalogue of his 
 own books — but this description will be found in tlie Cat. de Santander, vol. ii. :^715. Fossi 
 has made an erroneous reference to the Jirst instead of to the Jiflh volume of De Bure. 
 Panzer, vol. v. 265, inserts the above impression under the Oi'kha Omnia of Josephus. 
 Meusel is remarkably laconic and imperfect in his mention of this impression, bibt. Ilist. 
 Struv. vol. i. pt. ii. p. 212.
 
 104 ANCIENT CLASSICS. UFithout Date. 
 
 Bihlioth. Exquisitiss. Moetjens, p. 14. n". 274, ann. 1732, as being 
 • absque anni iiota, sub anno tanien 1469' — and in the Bibl. Hoym. n°. 
 3420, (continues Laire, erroneously,) there is an edition under the title 
 of ' omnium vetustissima absque anni nota' — which Laire thinks may 
 be the same as the copy in the Bibl. Rothelin, n". 3222 — there said to 
 be from the Colbert collection.* Laire subjoins a remark, which all 
 bibliographers must readily, but with pain, assent to : — ' Sola haec ob- 
 servatio de Josephi editione prima sufficienter demonstrat quotet quantis 
 tenebris involvebatur et etiam adhuc involvitur librorum scientia.* 
 
 The Rothelin copy is described as ' vetustissima editio, absque loci 
 et anni indicatione, in fol. G. P. mar. r. Exempl. de la Bibliot. de M. 
 Colbert: and on consulting the Bibl. Colbert, vol. i. p. 110, n*». 682, 
 the same edition is there specified. Braun, Notit. Hist. Lit. p. i. p. 131, 
 refers to the Diet. Typog. of Osmont, vol. i. p. 373, for an ancient, 
 dateless edition — which authority seems, on examination, to be a repeti- 
 tion only of what is said in the Bibl. Rothelin ; except that he mentions 
 50 livres to be the value of the impression ; whereas the copy of the 
 Abb^ Rothelin was sold for 100 livres. But whatever be the correct 
 conclusion from the foregoing authorities, modern bibliographers 
 may rest satisfied with the account of Santander ; who has well de- 
 scribed the impression, and who assigns it, with great probability of 
 truth, to the jjress of Lucas Brandis, circ. 1475.' A pencil observa- 
 tion by the noble Owner of this copy, in the fly leaf, is corroborative of 
 the correctness of this conclusion. Brunet seems, indirectly, to be 
 sarcastic u])on Santander's inference, in saying this impression is * rare 
 and little known ;' and adds, that he (Brunet) does not believe it * to 
 be of great price.' Manuel du Libraire, vol. i. p. 599. It seems pretty 
 certain that Brunet never saw it. But it is time to lead the reader to 
 the volume itself. 
 
 The text of this edition commences on the recto of the first leaf, 
 surrounded by a splendidly-printed border ; having arms and sup- 
 porters at bottom ; and birds and flowers at top and on the right hand 
 margin. This species of ornament is rarely found in books of a date 
 earlier than 1480; and may probably form something like a criterion 
 by which we may judge of the date of the present impression. The 
 prologue of (he editor, at top of the first column— with a decoration 
 of which the ensuing is, in part, a fac-simile — is as follows :
 
 Withmt Date.] 
 
 JOSEPH US. 
 
 105 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 in 3,o^cpl)uni 
 iD^cpljusf matjjic filig er jljccosfolimijef 
 iefarcrtioi^ ai tje.0pa^iano captiis cu tito 
 filio tin^ relict'': Ijic romani ucnicufif 
 j0feptcni \ihto0 iubaicc captiuitati^ im 
 pcratonbj T^atti filioci5 obtulit qut ct 
 bitidiotljccc publicc trabitc ^nnt et 
 oh ingenij gloria ^tatiia quo q^ romc 
 meruit ^crip^it aut ct aliojer \jiginti 
 antiquitattt libro^; ab ejcortiio muntii 
 u^q5 ati qrtuticcimum anna tionnciam 
 cc^ari^. ^it in octauo ticcimo antiqta 
 turn litiro manifc^tif^imc 3fitci pptcr 
 niagnitutiincm ^ingno2f rpm a plja- 
 risci^ intcrfectu & ioljanncni Bapti^efta 
 bcrc ppljctam fuifsc ct propter inters 
 fectioncm iacobi apli iljcrosolimam 
 birutam. .j^cribit aut be tJilo in June 
 motjum^ oBo teiuporc fuit ilje^us ^api- 
 ensf bir : i^itit uirum cum oportet bicere 
 Ctat enim mirabilium patrator opm 
 ct boctor co2f qui libcnf bcra ^u.seipiut 
 plurimo^ quoq^ ta be iubeij^ q? be gc^ 
 tibj ^ui Dabuit ^cctatorcj^ ct erebebat 
 ef^e cri^tujtf. Cuq^ inuibia nforum pn^ 
 cipu cnici cum pilat) abbirerit nicljil 
 ominu.sf qui pmum bilererut. per^cue 
 rauerunt, ^tpamit enim ei>sf tercia tiic 
 uiucRfif: mul'ta jjcc et alia mirabilia car 
 miniba propljetaif be eo baticinantiba 
 €t bisq^ Ijobie cri^tianoif gcn^sf ab Ijot 
 ^ortita bocabulum non befecit 
 
 (iJrplicit prefacio 
 
 VOL. II.
 
 lOG 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Without Date. 
 
 At top of the second column, the prologue of Josephus commences 
 beneath a large wood-cut roman capital H ; having the letters 
 * ISTORIAM,' in small Gothic capitals, similar to those in the opposite 
 page, on the right side of it. In the lower half of this large H, sits a 
 scribe, of very singular physiognomy and habit, as will appear from 
 one of the ensuing fac-similes. This prologue terminates at the bottom 
 of the first column on the recto of the second leaf, On the top of the 
 second column of the same leaf, begin the heads of the chapters. On 
 the reverse of this leaf, begins the first book of the text; having 
 an oblong wood-cut, similar to the preceding, of a figure of Christ, 
 by the side of it. There are very large running titles, printed in rude 
 capital letters ; but between the xth and the xvith books, these titles 
 are almost wholly omitted.* The beginning of the xvith book presents 
 us with the same female figure of which the reader has already had 
 a fac-simile. There are, throughout, capital initials of a variety of 
 characters ; although they are as frequently omitted as introduced. 
 The following fac-similes of some of them are faithful demonstrations 
 of the singular taste of the printer. 
 
 I 
 
 From the insertion of the Black Eagle, in one of the larger kind of 
 ♦hese capital initials, we may conjecture this volume to have been 
 
 * Since writing the above, I have seen a copy of this edition in the possession of Mr. 
 Cochrane, bookseller, who has described it, chiefly from Santander, ha his catalogue of 1813. 
 In this copy the running titles are uncoloured ; and, from their appearance, I incline to 
 tliink that they were prmted subsequently to the body of the text.
 
 Without Date.'] 
 
 JOSEPHUS. 
 
 107 
 
 printed at Lubec ; as it is known that Lucas Brandis changed his 
 residence from Mersbourg in Saxony to Lubec. The xxth book of 
 the Antiquities ends on the reverse of the 273rd leaf, col. 2, thus : 
 
 (^Xpiitit fjpjeftoria flauij 
 iOi8^epi)x tie anttqmtate. 
 
 The Jewish War immediately begins, at top of the first column, on the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf, with the following prefix : 
 
 Jlauij iojsfcplji in tejctu litnrora tie iutia 
 ico ibelio prologue inctpit 
 
 As the capital initial Q is rather an extraordinary one, the reader will 
 not be displeased with the following fac-simile of it.* 
 
 • It is curious that this group of fighting soldiers is introduced, several times, within 
 other letters, but in a less perfect and compact form : a practice by no means uncommon 
 with the early prbters — and which seems to be a conclusive denioustration that the com- 
 ponent parts were formed of wood. Indeed, there can be little doubt of alJ these capital 
 initials being wooden and not metal types.
 
 108 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [JFithout Bate, 
 
 This first page of the Jewish war is surrounded by a border similar 
 to that which has been already described, at p. 104 ante. The Lxvijth 
 and last chapter of the viith and last book of the Jewish war, termi- 
 nates with the following subscription beneath : 
 
 oBjtrpUctt fjp!8ftom flauij iojafejrfji tie iutia 
 ico fiello fclicitec 
 
 But before we close this description, we may make good our pro- 
 mise of introducing to the reader's particular attention the scribe 
 mentioned at p. 106 ante. He is the first here arranged ; accompanied 
 by another, of which this impression furnishes, comparatively, but 
 few specimens. 
 
 Although it is evident, from much of the margins being cut, that 
 the present copy is far from being in its original size, yet the lover of 
 tine ancient printing will seldom see a volume of nobler dimensions, 
 or in finer condition, than the one here described. I should conjecture, 
 from a full consideration of every particular feature observable in the 
 typography of this edition, that it is of a date not earlier than 1480 ; 
 although it be without signatures, catchwords, and numerals. Thifc 
 copy is handsomely bound in blue morocco.
 
 Venice; 11 70.] JUSTIN. 109 
 
 274. JusTiNUS. Printed hij Jenson. Venice. 
 1470. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The collector of the early pieces of the celebrated 
 printer of this Edition, need not lament the want of any other speci- 
 men of his press, if he be fortunate enough to possess the present rare 
 and very beautiful production of it. De Bure and La Serna Santander 
 have been sufficiently brief and superficial in their respective descrip- 
 tions ; or rather, the latter has only copied the former. It begins 
 thus, on the recto of the first leaf, without any prefix : 
 
 VM MVLTI EX ROMANIS 
 etiam consularis dignitatis uiri res 
 romanas graeco pegrinoq; sermoe 
 in historia cotulisset : seu aemulatoe 
 gloriae ; seu uarietate &: nouitate o> 
 peris delectatus uir priscae eloque^ 
 lac. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. The volume contains 140 leaves, accord- 
 ing to the pencil numbers of the present copy. On the recto of the 
 140th, after the two concluding lines of text, we read the following 
 colophon : 
 
 .FINIS. 
 
 Historias ueteres peregrinaq; gesta reuoluo 
 lustinus. lege me : sum trogus ipse breuis. 
 
 Me gallus ueneta lenson Nicolaus in urbe 
 Formauit : Mauro principe Christophoro. 
 
 IVSTINI HISTORICI CLARISSIMI IN 
 TROGI POMPEII HISTORIAS LIBER 
 XLIIII. FELICITER EXPLICIT. 
 
 .M.CCCC.LXX. 
 
 The titles to the several books are imiformly printed in roman 
 capitals. It is perhaps needless to add, that there are neither catchwords.
 
 no ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ulric Han, 
 
 signatures, nor numerals. To this bibliographical description of the 
 present very estimable impression, I shall add the following notice 
 from my Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 14. ' At Dr. Mead's sale, 
 (^Bibl. Mead, p. 219, n°. 1611) a copy of it was purchased for 31. 3s. i 
 at Dr. Askew's sale, Bibl. Askev. n°. 2109, for \3l. \3s. ; at the Pinelli 
 sale, Bihl. Pinell. n°. 7692, edit. 1789, for 181. 17s. 6d. ; and at Mr. 
 Paris's sale, Bibl. Paris, n"". 529, for 311. 10s. : so surprisingly has its 
 value increased. In the Bibl. Smith, p. 250-1 there are two copies of 
 this Editioprinceps ; the latter, perhaps unique, printed upon vellum :* 
 it is now in his Majesty's Library.' (Then follows the notice of the 
 present copy) ' A very beautiful one is in the Cracherode collection. 
 See too Bibl. Reviczk. Suppl. p. 10 : Bibl. Harleian, vol. i. n«>. 4736 ; 
 Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iv. n°. 5828; Bibl. Choisi deM.lj.V. n". 1011 ;t 
 Bibl. Mason, pt. ii. n°. 321,' &c. &c. This impression is usually de- 
 scribed as a Folio ; but the Bibl. Crevenn. justly informs us that the 
 horizontal water-marks clearly denote it to be a Quarto. 
 
 The present copy is clean and very large, but the paper is imiformly 
 tawny. It is bound in red-morocco. 
 
 275. JusTiNus. Printed hy Ulric Han. Without 
 Date. Folio. 
 
 This rare and valuable edition is unquestionably the production of 
 Ulric Han's press ; and is printed by him in his middle-size roman 
 type. We will first give a brief, but sufficiently particular, descrip- 
 tion of it. On the recto of the first leaf : 
 
 lustini historici politissimi Epitoma in 
 Trogi Popei historias ^emiu incipit. 
 
 Vom multi ex rornanis etia consu-. 
 laris dignitatis uiri res romanas 
 greco : pegrino sermone 1 historias 
 contulissent : sen emulationeglorie: 
 
 • It is probably unique ; as neither De Bure nor Brunet notice another. Bibliogr. 
 Instruct, vol. v. p. i!54-5 ; Manuel du Libraire, vol. i. p. 604. 
 
 t Published ui 8vo. at Lyons, 1791 j a very judicious and valuable Catalogue of Books I 
 Ibid.
 
 UlricHan.'] JUSTIN. Ill 
 
 seu uarietate: 8c nouitate operis de^ 
 lectat^ uir prisce eloquetie Trogus 
 Sec. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has .'32 lines ; and the volume contains 138 leaves, ac- 
 cording to the pencil numerals of the present copy. After the 12th 
 line of text, on the recto of the last leaf, we read this colophon : 
 
 Anser Tarpeii custos louis : unde : ^ alis 
 Constreperes : Gall*) decidit : Vltor adest. 
 
 Vdalricus Gallus : ne quem poscatur in usu 
 Edocuit pennis nil opus esse tuis. 
 
 Imprimit ille die : quantu non scribitur anno 
 Ingenio : liaud noceas : omnia uincit bonio. 
 
 Bibliographers differ about the date of this edition : Maittaire, 
 vol, i. p. 292, De Bure, Bihl. Instruct, vol. v. n°. 4330, and Ernesti, 
 Fabric. Bibl. Lat. vol. iii. p. 62, supposed it to have been printed in 1470 ; 
 Panzer, vol. ii. p. 422, in the year 1470 or 1471 ; Laire, Spec. Hist. 
 Typog. Rom. p, 134, note e, in 1469 ; and Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. p. 69, 
 in 1471. Campanus is said to have been the editor of it : if so, it was 
 probably printed before the year 1472. It appears that Campanus 
 quitted Rome on the 22d of March 1471 ; but whether he was, or was 
 not, at Rome, when Han printed the work, the colophon is no con- 
 clusive demonstration. The colophon alone, says Audiffredi, ought 
 not peremptorily to decide the question ; and fix the date of the 
 work according to the conjecture of Laire. The Bipont Editors, who 
 style this impression ' Editio Princeps,' speak of it as a rare and ele- 
 gant production ; and, till inspected by themselves, they do not suppose 
 it to have been examined by any editor of Justin. It has many read- 
 ings (say they) conformable to those of the editions of Jenson and 
 Sweynheym and Pannnarlz ; and contains many valuable and sagacious 
 ones peculiar to itself. A number of specimens are then given by 
 them, of these different readings ; which the reader will see in the 
 Bipont edition of 1S02, p. xiv-xv. The preceding observations are 
 taken from the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 14-15. 
 
 It is probable therefore that this is the second Impression of 
 Justin. The typographical execution is aot very beautiful ; the lines
 
 112 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IRome; 1472. 
 
 being, in general, rather irregular : but the present is a fair and most 
 desirable copy (although a little cropt) of an impression, which can- 
 not fail to be coveted by discerning collectors. It is bound in blue 
 morocco. 
 
 276. JusTiNUS. Printed hy Sweynheym and Pan- 
 nartz. Rome. 1472. Folio. 
 
 This is an uncommonly rare edition, of which AudifFredi never saw 
 a copy. According to the same authority, it is much scarcer than the 
 preceding or subsequent one (although De Bure says the contrary), 
 and is preferred by learned men to either. The copy of this impres- 
 sion in the Bihl. Smith, p. ccli was the only one seen by Audiffredi in 
 any catalogue. This observation is selected from the Inirod. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii. p. 15-16. It is questionable whether De Bure, Bibliogr. 
 Instruct, vol. v. n°. 4331, ever saw this impression; as he unites that 
 of Florus with it : an error which has been corrected at p. 30, ante. 
 The colophonic verses, given by this latter authority, are, I suspect, a 
 mere copy of the same from the Bibl. Smith, ibid. De Bure is evidently 
 wrong in his deduction respecting its not being so rare as the impres- 
 sions of Jenson and Ulric Han. Santander also appears to have merely 
 copied De Bure ; although he has properly corrected the error of Florus 
 being united with it. He states that Laire, Index Libror. vol. i. p. 279, 
 n°. 30, had seen three copies of this edition; each of which wanted the 
 Florus : so that the error committed by this latter bibliographer, in his 
 Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 179, note/, and of which Audiffiedi, Edit. 
 Rom. p. 98, has taken such severe notice, is amply compensated. 
 Brmiet ought to have spoken more decidedly upon this point.* His 
 notice of this Roman impression is jejune in the extreme. Manuel du 
 Libraire, vol. i. p. G04-5. 
 
 The text of this very rare edition commences on the recto of the 
 first leaf, thus ; 
 
 lustini historici politissimi Epitoma in 
 Trogi Popei historias jphemiu incipit. 
 
 • ' Gronovius, in his edition of 1760, inforras us he saw two copies of this edition, and 
 that neither of them contained Florus. See Panzer, vol. ii. p. 431 : whose account is copied 
 verbatim by the Bipont Editors. The authorities referred to by Panzer, do not justify him 
 in adding Florus to the above impression.' Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 16, note.
 
 Without Date.] JUSTIN. 113 
 
 Vom multi ex romanis etia cosularis dignitatis 
 uiri res lomanas greco : pegrinoq; sennone in 
 histories cotulissent: seuemulationeglorie: sea 
 uarietate ; &; nouitate opis delectatus uir prisce 
 eloquentie Trogus Pompeius grecas : 8c totius 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 38 lines. The XLiiiith and last book ends on 
 the reverse of the 92nd and last leaf: beneath which we have the fol- 
 lowing well known verses : 
 
 Aspicis illustris lector quicunq; libellos 
 
 Si cupis artificum nomina nosse : lege. 
 
 Aspera ridebis cognomina tcutona : forsan 
 
 Mitiget ars musis inscia uerba uirum. 
 
 Coradus suueynhtym : Arn )ldus panart^q: magistri 
 
 Rome impresseruot talia muUa simiil. 
 
 M . CCCC LXXII. 
 die xxvi. Septembris 
 
 The present copy is rather soiled, but is of tolerably fair amplitude. 
 In green morocco binding. 
 
 277- Ji^STiNUS. TVilhout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Folio. 
 
 It is difficult to assign a correct date to the present impression ; 
 although, from its having signatures, and from its general appearanc e, 
 I should suppose it to have been executed not mucli earlier than 1480. 
 It is evidently a different edition from either of those noticed m I'anzer, 
 at p. 149 and 455 of his ivth volume. 
 
 It begins thus, on the recto of the first leaf, sign, a : 
 
 IVSTINI IlISTORICI CLARISSIMI IN 
 TROGI POMPEII HISTORIAS EXOR 
 DIVM. 
 
 VOL. II. Q
 
 114 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [IFithout Date. 
 
 c VM MVLTI EX ROMANIS ETIAM 
 
 consularis dignitatis uiri res romanas graeco pe 
 regiinoq; sermone in historiam cotulissent: seu 
 a;mulatioe gloriae : seu uarietate Xc nouitate ope 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 At bottom of the same page begins the title to the first book, in 
 which the word HISTNRIAS is erroneously put for HISTORIAS. On 
 the reverse of the first leaf begins the text. A full page has 36 lines. 
 The signatures run from a to ni in eights : m having six, and n nine 
 leaves. At bottom of n ix, reverse, we read the conclusion of the 
 text thus, without any addition of imprint ; 
 
 eta 1 forma prouinciae redegit. FINIS. 
 
 There is, at the first glance, a similarity between the types of this 
 impression and those of Plato de Benedictis ; vide p. 38, ante. But 
 however neat may be the execution of the printing, it is certainly in- 
 ferior in elegance to that of the last mentioned printer. The lines 
 are, frequently, very irregular. Whether it be a production of the 
 Brescia press, I cannot satisfactorily determine ; but incline to think not. 
 The volume contains 102 leaves. A beautiful copy, in russia binding. 
 
 278. JusTiNus ET Florus. TVithout Date, Place, 
 or Name of Pfinter. 
 
 To this impression is appended the text ofFtORUs; which latter 
 has been briefly described at p. 35 ante. The text of Justin begins 
 on sign, a ii recto, and ends on h ii reverse. The page is a very full 
 one, by the lines being both numerous and long. The letter is a neat 
 Roman. There are neither numerals nor catchwords. The titles are 
 in capitals. On the reverse of h ii we read the conclusion, thus ; 
 
 lustini historiei uiri clarissimi epithomatum in Trogi 
 Pompeii historias liber .XLIIII. 8c ultimus feliciter finit. 
 
 A neat copy, in calf binding. This impression is probably not of 
 an earlier date than 1490.
 
 1470.] JUVENAL. 115 
 
 279. JuvENALis. JV'ithout Place, or Name of 
 Printer. 1470. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. It may be almost positively affirmed that 
 neither Maittaire nor Ruperti ever saw a copy of this impression. The 
 latter, from the title which he prefixes to his supposed earliest im- 
 pression — and from his concluding it to have been printed at Rome- 
 is clearly speaking of one of the following editions. Panzer seems to 
 be indebted entirely to De Bure ; v61. iii. p. 372-3. Annul. Typog. 
 vol, iv. p. 3. Both De Bure and Count Reviczky are justly of opinion 
 that this very rare volume came from the press of Vindelin de Spira. 
 
 It conmienccs thus, without any prefix, on the recto of the first leaf: 
 
 EMPER EGO AVDITOR TAN 
 
 turn nunquam ne reponam ? 
 Vexatus totiens rauci theseide codri } 
 Impue ergo mihi recitauerit ille togatas ? 
 H ic clegos inipune diem consunipserit ingens 
 T elephus ? aut sunimi plena iain margine libri : 
 S criptus : 8c in tergo nee dum finitus orestes ? 
 N Ota magis nulli donius est sua : q mihi lucus 
 M artis : 8c poliis uicinum rupibus antrum 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 In the present copy, this first page has an ancient illumination. A 
 full page contains 30 lines or verses. There are no titles to the several 
 satires. For the sake of gratifying the curious in collations of ancient 
 impressions, I subjoin the first 32 verses of the celebrated Xth Satire; 
 vnth a few unimportant Various Readings from the four subsequent 
 editions : 
 
 Mnibus in terris qup sunt a gadibus usq; 
 Auroram k. gangem : pauci dignoscere' possunt 
 V era bona : atq; illis multum diuersa remota 
 E rroris nebula, quid ratione timemus 
 
 ' ' discemere' in each of the following impressionii.
 
 116 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1470. 
 
 A lit cupimus ? quid tarn dextro pede concipis ; * ut te 
 
 C oivatus non ppniteat : uotiq; peracti ? 
 
 E uertere domos totas optantibus ipsis. 
 
 D ii' faciles nocitura toga : nocitura petuntiir 
 
 M ilitia : 8c torrcns dicendi copia miiltis 
 
 E t sua mortifera est facundia : uiribus ille 
 
 C ofisu^ periit :' admirandisq; lacerds 
 
 S ed plures niniia congesta pecunia cura 
 
 S tiaiig'ulat : 8c cuncta* exupans patrimonia census. 
 
 Q nto delphinis balnea britanica maior 
 
 T enjporibus diris igitur iussuq; neronis 
 
 L onginuni' 8c magnos senec^ prediuitis ortos 
 
 C lausit. k. egregias lateranoruni obsidet pdes 
 
 T ota cohors : larus* uenit incoenacula miles. 
 
 P auca licet portes argenti uascula puri : 
 
 N ode iter ingres us gladium cunctumq;^ timebis 
 
 E t mote ad lunam tr pidabis' arundinis umbram. 
 
 C antabit uacuus coram latrone uiator. 
 
 P rima fere uota : 8c cunctib* notissima templis 
 
 D iuitie crescant ut opes : ut maxima toto 
 
 N ostra sit archa foro ; sed nulla aconita bibnntur* 
 
 F ictiiibus : tunc ilia, cum" pocula sumes 
 
 G eniata : 8c lato setinum" ardebit in auro 
 
 ' ' conciipis :' in the following ones — with the exception of the Brescia edition. 
 
 • ' Di ' m the three following — atter the Brescia edition. 
 
 • ' pent ' in Ulric Han's edition. 
 
 * ' concta' — Brescia edition. 
 
 ' ' Longiiium :' in the edition following the Brescia. 
 
 ' ' ratus' in the edition toiluwing the Brescia. 
 
 ' ' c<-ntuinque' in all the iuilciwing ones. 
 
 ' ' trepiJah's' — in all the following ones. ' 
 
 » ' coiictis ' — Brescia edit. 
 
 * sic ior ' bibuntur.' 
 
 '" ' time' inserted before ' cum' — in each of the following editioDS : in Ulric Han's, the 
 verse concludes with ' suiuas.' 
 
 " ' scntiniun' in the three editions following the Brescia.
 
 Ulric Han.-] JUVENAL. II7 
 
 I am ne igitur laudas :* quod de sapientlbus alter 
 R idebat : qnotienss* alimine mouerat unum 
 P rotulcratq; pedem fl .bat contrarius alter ? 
 S ed facilis cuius rigidi censura cachini 
 M irandum est undc ille ocuiis suffecerit humor. 
 
 It only remains to observe, that on the recto of the 71st and last 
 leaf, we have the following colophon — after the 25th line or verse : 
 
 luuenalis Aquinaris sathirarum 
 liber ultimus foeliciter explicit 
 
 M. CCCC. LXX. 
 
 This copy of one of the rarest volumes of the ancient Classics, 
 although the margins of it are occasionally written upon, is in sound 
 condition ; and is bound in red morocco. 
 
 280. JuvENALis. Printed hy Ulric Han. Without 
 Date, or Place. Quarto. 
 
 This edition is of equal rarity with the preceding one, and may pro- 
 bably be of the same, if not of earlier, antiquity. Laire gratuitously 
 assigns the date of 1469 to it; and Ruperti, who had never setn it, 
 but wished a careful collation to be made of it, seems inclined to give 
 it chronological precedence to every other impression. Biblioyrajihers 
 have mentioned it as being printed with Persius ; but Audiffredi has 
 properly doubted the truth of this position. It is, indeed, an erro- 
 neous one; for, in the first place, if Persius had been printed with it, 
 the colophonic verses would have terminated the text of this latter 
 poet, and not of Juvenal ; whereas they are printed at the close of 
 Juvenal : and, in the second place, the Persius w hich Ulric Han did 
 print, contains titles throughout, in ca]<ital letters : \'ide post. Art. 
 ' Persius'. The present impression has no titles whatever to the several 
 Satires. 
 
 We may now give a brief, but correct, account of this uncommon 
 volume. On the recto of the first leaf, without any prefix, we read as 
 follows ; 
 
 ' ' laudes' in the Ibllowiiig ones. * Sic — lor ' quoticns.'
 
 118 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ulric Han, 
 
 Emper ergo* auditor tatum : nuij 
 
 ne reponam ? 
 
 Vexatus totiens rauci theseide 
 
 codri. 
 
 Tmpune ergo mihi recitauerit ille 
 
 togatas ? 
 Hie elegos impune diem consumpserit ingens 
 Thelephus ? aut suma plena iam margine libri 
 Scriptus : 8c intergo nee dum finitus Orestes : 
 Nota niagis nulli domus est sua : q mihi lucus 
 Martis : 8c eoliis uicinum rupibus antrum 
 Vulcani : quid agat uenti : quas torqueat umbras 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are 11 lines beneath. A full page contains 25 lines. A small 
 letter is inserted in the space where the large capital initial should be 
 introduced. On the recto of the 78th leaf, we read the conclusion of 
 the poet, and the colophon of the printer, as follows : 
 
 Signorum comitem | castroruq; era merentem. 
 Quauis iam tremulus capiat pr: hue labor equus 
 Prouehit | 8c pulchro reddit sua dona labori. 
 Ipsius certe ducis hoc referre uidetur. 
 Vt qui fortis erit sit 8c felicissimus idem. 
 Vt leti faleris omnes | 8c torquibus omnes. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 Anser Tarpei custos louis : unde g? alis 
 Constreperes : Gall*) decidit ; Y Itor adest 
 
 Vdalricus Gallus : ne quem poscant in usum 
 Edocuit pennis nil opus esse tuis. 
 
 Imprimit ille die : quantu non scribitur anno 
 Ingenio haud noceas : omnia uincit homo. 
 
 On the recto of the 79th and last leaf, is the register in 17 lines. 
 
 * Sic.
 
 Brescia; No Date.] JUVENAL. 119 
 
 The reader may consult the brief notices in Laire's Spec. Hist. Typog. 
 Rom. p. 135 ; AudiflFredi, Edit. Rom. p. 39-40; Ruperti, edit. Juvenal. 
 vol. i. p. CLXV : and Bibl. Askev. n®. 2112. Panzer is concise but cor- 
 rect: Annal. Typog. vol. ii. p. 415. The present copy has been 
 cleaned with great care by the late well known Roger Payne, and is 
 bound by the same distinguished binder, in a very tasteful manner, in 
 olive-colour morocco binding. 
 
 281. JuvENALis ET Persius. Printed at Brescia. 
 TVithout Date. Folio. 
 
 When the reader is informed, on the authority of AudifFredi, that 
 ' neither Quirini, Fabricius, Ernesti, De Bute, Morelli, Denis, nor 
 the Dictionnaire Bibliographique (1791) make mention of this edition, 
 he is prepared to believe it to be of extreme ranty. As the early 
 Brescia books are, generally, of very uncominon occurrence, there can 
 be no doubt respecting the scarcity of the present volume. It is un- 
 questionably rarer than any impression of Juvenal and Persius ; and 
 may, probably, be of equal antiquity with either of the preceding ones. 
 Nor should I perhaps be accused of much temerity, if I called it the 
 earliest production of the Brescia press. It is certainly printed in 
 the same character with which Ferrandus executed the Lucretius of 
 the supposed date of 1473 (vide post.) ; but there is a freshness and 
 elegance of typography about the present work, which are wanting in 
 the latter : the letters of the present are, comparatively, in a much 
 more perfect form.* The ensuing description of it may be acceptable 
 to the curious It begins thus, on the recto of the first leaf : 
 
 • EMPER ego auditor tantum .? 
 
 nunquam ne reponam 
 V cxatus totiens rauci Thesei/ 
 de Codri ? 
 
 I mpune ergo mihi recitauerit 
 ille togatas ? 
 H ic elegos } impuiie diem consumperit ingeiis 
 
 • The e, intended for a diphthong one, having an inverted comma beneath., is perfect iit 
 this iniitrLSbion ; but in the Lucretius of 1473 ; this inverted comma has been broken otf ; 
 and such diphthong is, I believe, no where visible in the copy of tliis latter work in the pre- 
 sent Collectiou.
 
 120 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Brescia ; No Date, 
 
 T helephus aut summi plena iam maigine libri 
 S criptus k in tergo necdum finitus Orestes ? 
 N Ota magis nulli donius est sua: (| mihi lucus 
 N artis : k. Aeolis uicinum rupibus antrum 
 V ulcani : q^d agant uenti : quas torqueat umbras 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 3^ lines. On the reverse of the 58th leaf, we read 
 the conclusion of Juvenal, thus : 
 
 Quauis ia tremulus capiat pater hue labor equus 
 P rouehit : Sc pulchro reddit sua dona labori. 
 I psius certe duels hoc referre uidetur 
 
 V t qui fortis erit sit 8c felicissimus idem. 
 
 V t l^ti phaleris omnes : Sc torquibus omnes. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, Persius begins as follows: 
 
 Auli Flacci Persii satjra prima. 
 
 Ec fonte labra prolui caballino. 
 Nee imbicipiti somniasse parnasso 
 Memini me ut repente sic poeta prodire 
 E liconiadas : pallidamque pirenem. 
 I His relinquo : quorum imagines lambunt 
 H ederp sequaces. At ipse semipaganus 
 A d sacra uatum, carmen affero nostrum : 
 Quis expediuit psitaco suum cherae : 
 kc. kc. kc, 
 
 A full page comprehends 34 lines. On the reverse of the 10th leaf 
 (forming the Gbth from the beginning of the volume,) we read thus : 
 
 R em duplica : feci ia triplex : iam mihi quarto 
 I am decies redit in rugam depinge ubi sistam. 
 I nuentus chrisippe tui finitor acerui. 
 
 ( ) : . FINIS : . ( ) . BRIXIE.^
 
 mthout Date.-] JUVENAL AND PERSIUS. 12 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The paper 
 is firm and well manufactured, and the edition appears to be printed 
 after the model of the first of 1470. It is however, as the few various 
 readings at p. 116 may denote, taken from a different MS. La Serrta 
 Santander, Ruperti, and Fournier, each make mention of the Brescia 
 edition of 1473 — ' jubente Petro de Villa ;'* but were ignorant of the 
 present one. It is briefly described by Brunet, but evidently on the 
 exclusive authority of AudifFredi ; to whom, alone. Panzer refers his 
 reader. ^ce Edit. Juvenal, 1801, vol. i. p. clxv. ; Diet. Bibliogr. 
 Choisi, vol. iii. p. 79 ; Diet. Portatif. de Bibliogr aphie, 1809, p. 286 ; 
 Manuel du Lihraire, vol. i. p. 610; Annul. Typog. vol. iv. p. 264. 
 AudifFredi, Edit. Ital. p. 199. The present beautiful copy of this very 
 rare edition is sumptuously bound in blue morocco. 
 
 282. JuvENALis ET PepvSius. Witkout Dcite, 
 Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 It is perhaps impossible to determine with accuracy the priority of 
 this or the foUowing impression. One thing is easily ascertained; 
 they are each a copy of the other : and probably, from the rude, sin- 
 gular, and strange appearance of the type of the present impression, 
 it may be an anterior production. The paper is very thin, and wretch- 
 edly manufactured. Audifl'redi, Edit. Rom. p. 414, evidently notices 
 a difiFcrentt impression of Persius; which he conjectm-es to have 
 been executed at Rome : but nothing can be advanced with certainty 
 upon the place and period of the printing of this volume. Panzer, 
 from the references in his ivth volume, p. 149, also appears to have 
 been a stranger to it. 
 
 • Wliat Ruperli says of tliis Brescia edition of 1473, may, iii all probability, apply 
 to the one above described. ' Ha;c quoqiie editio nondum a quocjuani, quod sciani, 
 conlata est. IJcscribitur quideni in Spccint. Literar. Brixiensk, pt. i. p. 1'25, sqq. sed non 
 ita, ut criticuin ejus usum inde cognoscere liceat.' The best description of the Brescia 
 edition of 1473, containuig only 60 leaves, may be found in the Catalogue Raisonn^ de 
 Creveitn. of 1775 ; vol. iii. p. 242; and not in the sale catalogue, as refeiTed to by La Sema 
 Santander. I have examined the work referreii to by Ruperti, and find the inference 
 drawn by him to be just ; but an impression of Persius alone, seems there described, at 
 p. 127. 
 
 t Notwithstanding, the edition mentioned by Auditfrcdi had also the peculiarity of having 
 occasionally Gothic capitals ; but the edition described by him has 36 lines. It must 
 therefore be a diriereut one. 
 
 VOL, II, K
 
 122 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ^Without Date. 
 
 It begins thus, on the recto of the first leaf: 
 
 lunii luuenalis aquinatis liber primus. 
 
 EMPER EGO AVDITOR= 
 
 tantum : nunq ne reponam: 
 
 s Vexatus tociens rauci theseide codri : 
 
 Impune ergo mihi recitauerit ille 
 
 togatas. 
 
 Hie elegos : impune diem consumpse" 
 
 rit iogens. 
 
 Thelephus : aut summi plena iatn margine libri 
 
 Scriptus : %c in tergo : nee dura finitus horestes. 
 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 38 lines. The Satires have no titles, and end 
 on the reverse of the 51st and last leaf, as follows: 
 
 Vt qui fortis erit sic %c felicissimus idem. 
 Vt Ipti phaleris omnes : 8c torquibus omnes. 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, the text of Persius begins as follows: 
 Auli Flacci Persii Satyra prima. 
 
 ^c fonte labra prolui caballino. 
 n Nee in bicipiti somniasse parnasso 
 
 Memini : ut repente sic poeta redirem 
 Eliconiadas : pallidamq; pirenem. 
 Illis reiinquo : quorum imagines lambunt 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 The second Satire begins thus : 
 
 ^atyra secunda. 
 
 o Curas hominu. quantu in reba inane est. 
 
 Quis leget hpc ? rain tu istd' ais? neo Iierd'e. neo ? 
 Vel duo : uel nemo, turpe 8c miserabile : quare ? 
 N^ mihi pollydamas 8c troadas labeonem 
 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc.
 
 Without Date.-] JUVENAL AND PERSIUS. 123 
 
 As before, a full page contains 38 lines. The text ends on the 
 reverse of the 9th leaf from its commencement, thus : 
 
 lam decies reddit in rugas : depinge ubi sistam 
 Inuentus crisjppe tui finitor acerui. 
 
 This may probably be the second impression of Persius. Tlie pre- 
 sent is a large, but dingy copy : bound in old red morocco. 
 
 283. JuvENALis ET Persius. TVUhout Date, 
 Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 This is the impression, the types of which, in the Cat. de la Valliere, 
 vol. ii. n°. "2523, are erroneously assimilated to those in the Decor 
 PuELLARUM printed by Jenson. A cursory glance upon the two works 
 will shew the fallacy of this conclusion. The present edition is rare, 
 elegantly executed, and was probably printed at Venice. The types are 
 clear, and appear to be new: but they differ somewhat from those of 
 the Spiras, Jenson, V'aldarfer, and S. De Colonia. 
 
 The first page presents us with the commencement of Juvenal, as 
 follows : 
 
 lunii luuenalis aquinatis liber primus. 
 
 EMPER EGO AVDITOR 
 
 tantum: nunquam ne reponam ? 
 
 V exatus totiens rauci theseide codri? 
 
 I mpune ergo mihi recitauerit illeto^ 
 
 gatas ? 
 
 H icelegos: impunediem consumpse/ 
 
 rit ingens 
 
 T Lelephus : aut summi plena iam niargine libri 
 
 S criptus : et in tergo : nee dum finitus horestes. 
 
 8cc. Sec. %cc. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. The text of Juvenal terminates on the recto 
 of fol. 61 : the reverse is blank. The Persius begins precis( ly like 
 the preceding edition, with the exception of a few literal alterations
 
 124 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \7Fithout Date. 
 
 or varieties : thus, the first verse in the second satire is printed as 
 follows — 
 
 o Curas honiiuum. w. * quantum in rebus inane est. 
 
 The second verse runs thns : 
 
 Q uis leget hpc ? min tu istd' ais ? neo Iiercul'e. nemo ? 
 
 The Persius concludes on the recto of the 11th and last leaf from 
 its commencement, thus : 
 
 I am decies redit in rugas : depinge ubi sistam 
 I nuentus crisyppe tui finitor acerui. 
 
 The reverse is blank. This, or the preceding one, I apprehend to be 
 the impression of which Ruperti thus observes : * Ex interna autem 
 indole huius editionis probabile fit, earn non a viro docto cui'atam, sed 
 a typographo e libro MSto. eoque bonae, quamvis non optiraae, notae 
 cum omnibus librariorum peccatis ductam esse, adeoque Codicis 
 scripti auctoritatem obtinere.' Edit. Juvenalis, vol. i. clxiv. As this, 
 and the immediately preceding impression, contain, as far as I have 
 had an opportunity of inspecting both, the same text, I conclude the 
 criticism of Ruperti to be applicable to either. 
 
 The present is rather an indifferent copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 284. Juvenalis et Persius. TVithout Date, 
 Place, or Name of Printer, Folio. 
 
 This is evidently a reprint of the preceding : page for page, and 
 line for line, by the same printer. The contractions are less nume- 
 rous, but the types and text are the same. The description of the 
 preceding will therefore, suffice for an account of the present one. 
 The first page of the text of Juvenal is here classically illuminated. 
 A beautiful copy ; in russia binding. 
 
 * In the preceding impression tliere is a space left for the insertion of this Greek cha- 
 racter : evidently from the printer not being in possession of any. From the u, in the 
 above impression, I am decidedly of opuiion that the edition was printed at Venice.
 
 Rome; 1474.] JUVENAL. 125 
 
 285. Sabinus. Paradoxa in Iuvenalem. Printed 
 by Sachsel and Golsch. Rome. 1474. Folio. 
 
 This very rare impression of the labours of Sabinus upon Juvenal, is 
 described in a veiy interesting manner by Audiffredi. Sabinus and 
 Caldcnnus were the rival Commentators upon the poet ; and the former 
 tells us, in his second brief epistle to Perottus, that he had stolen 
 nothing from Calderinus — but, on the contrary, that the latter had 
 probably been indebted to himself. Such as they are, he wishes his 
 ' paradoxes ' to appear. 
 
 QVin impiessoribus opus me 
 
 um comittendQ censui ut poma quae ille ex agris meis 
 surripuisset omnibus paterent See. 
 
 This is the language of his second Epistle. But- we may describe the 
 volume particularly. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the first epistle, with the fol- 
 lowing prefix : 
 
 Ad Reuercndum D. Nicolau Perottum Pot. Syponti- 
 iium p A. Sabinu Poe. Lau. paradoxa in Juuenali 
 incipiut fpliciter. 
 
 On the reverse is another (but much briefer) epistle to the same 
 character. On the recto of the 2d and following leaf, the commence- 
 ment of the commentary upon the first line of the first Satire, is thus : 
 
 Emper ego j Non possum no mirari pater op 
 time istius Cornuti quern ais negligentiam 
 qui luuenalcm uult alios dum de se loquitur 
 reprehcndente na huius hereseos pcpptores 
 np intelligendo faciunt ut nihil intellegant 
 Sc ex insanis auditores prorsus stultos faciut 
 See. Sec. Sec. 
 
 A full page contains 39 lines. On the recto of the 125th and last leaf, 
 Sabinus thus takes leave of his patron. ' Multa Keuerende domine
 
 126 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Home; 1474. 
 
 omisisse uideor quae aliis utilia forte uiderentur. In omni hac 
 luuenalis expositioe aliis superflua & cognita : Itaque cum omnibus 
 placere uix aliquis undique possit ac satisfacere ipsorum uotis: 
 ueniam mihi daudam spero qui iis morem gtrendum censui quorum 
 uota perspecta fueiut & id quod ignorabant multo ante cognituni ia 
 quibus ut erudirem haec mihi uisa sunt scribeuda. Paternitati autera 
 tuae ideo directa sunt quia tempestate nostra studiosiore diligentioreque 
 existimaui neminem quique poetarum maiestatem magis coleret & 
 intelligeret mihi nusquam uisus est. Vale.' Beneath, we read as 
 follows : 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 H Per. A.C.N. QViiinum Sabinum: Paradoxa Inluvenali. 
 Ad Nicolaum Peroctum Pontificem Sypontinum finunt. 
 
 On the reverse, at top, the imprint, in seven lines (given by AudiflFredi 
 in like number) is thus : 
 
 f[ Paradoxa h^c super diui luuenalis libro In. alma Vrbe 
 Roma Impressa sunt totius orbis terrarum Regina olim k. 
 Imperatrice arte maxima atq; ingenio dignissimorum 
 Impressorum : Georgii Sachsel de Reichenhal 8c Bartho- 
 lomei Golsch de Hohenbart Clerico;^. Anno domini Mile- 
 simo quadringentesimo septuagesimoquarto. die uero. IX. 
 Mensis Augusti. Pontificatu uero SIXTI diuina jpuiden- 
 tia papp. IIII. anno eius. III. 
 
 Sequit tabula folio;^ et que libet riga 9tinet unu qn 
 ternione. 
 
 The ' rigse,'* or gatherings, are 14 in number. Speaking of the 
 Commentaries of Calderinus and Sabinus, Ruperti remarks — • Non 
 c.'irent illi docta subtilitate, temporibus, quibus vulgati sunt, condo- 
 nanda; sed judicii sensusque elegantiam fere desideres.' Edit. Juvenal; 
 vol. i. p. CLXvii. Both Panzer and Brunet appear to have overlooked 
 this volume : indeed the typographical productions of Sachsel and 
 Golsch are rare. The present fine copy of this work is bound in red 
 morocco. Consult the Edit. Rom. p. 159-160. 
 
 * Strictly, a ridge : but see the Glossariam Manuale compiled from Du Fresne, Du 
 Cange, and Charpentier, vol. v. p. 732.
 
 Paris; 1498.] JUVENAL. 127 
 
 286. JuvENALis. Printed hij G. TVolff and 
 Thielmann Kerver. Paris. 1498. Quarto. 
 
 This is one of the prettiest volumes of the early Parisian press with 
 which I am acquainted. Wolff began to print in the gothic type, and 
 appears to have put forth his earliest specimen in 1489 : Kerver was 
 a distinguished printer of Missals and Rituals, and his name rarely 
 appears to any production printed in the roman character. His first 
 performance is of a date only one year earlier than the present one; 
 and it is to be regretted that we have not more impressions of valua- 
 ble works exhibiting an early Parisian type like the present ; which is 
 so nmch superior to that of Gering, Crantz, and Fribm'ger, and of so 
 very uncommon occurrence before the year 1500. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read as follows : 
 
 Decii lunii luuenalis Aquinatis 
 Satyra prima. 
 
 SEmper ego auditor tantu : nunqne repona : 
 Vexatus totiens rauci theseide codri } 
 Impune ergo mihi recitauerit ille togatas? 
 Hie elegos ? impune diem consumpserit ingens 
 See. lac. Ice. 
 
 A full page has 23 lines : widely, but not inelegantly, spaced or 
 arranged. The signature a ii is not marked, but seven leaves are 
 appropriated to a. On the recto of the eighth leaf begins b i : b to i 
 inclusively, in eights : k, six ; 1 seven. The second and fourth leaf of 
 each signature is never designated by the letter. There are running 
 titles. On the reverse of 1 vij we have the colophon, thus : 
 
 Satyras Decii lunii luuenalis nuper diligenter recogni 
 tas Parrhisiis Ipressae Opera magistri Georgii VuolfF 
 Thielmaniq; keruer finem cepere Anno salutis. Mil^ 
 lesimo/ quadringentesimo. Nonagesimooctauo. Ter 
 tio Idus Februarii. 
 
 Panzer, vol. ii. p. 323, refers only to Maittaire, vol, i. p. 663. Tlie 
 very superficial index of Chevillier prevents me from ascertaining-
 
 128 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Rome. 
 
 whether this volume be noticed in his histoiy of the Parisian press. 
 The present copy is rather soiled : bound in old red morocco. 
 
 287- Livius. Decades Tres. Printed hy Sweyn- 
 heyrn and Pannartz. Rome. Supposed to have 
 been executed in 1469. Folio. 2 vols. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The question now seem^ to be at rest respecting 
 the chronological priority of the present to the two succeeding im- 
 pressions. Even V* ithout the aid of Audiffredi's elaborate discussion, 
 it is presumed that, from the ensuing observations, the precedency of 
 the Roman edition, from the press of Sweynheym and Pannartz, 
 is satisfactorily demonstrated. Gronovius was among the earliest 
 critics who contended for the priority of the present impression ; but 
 Fabricius, B'lhl, Lat. lib. i. cap. 11, in assenting to the remark, erro- 
 neously assigned the date of 1470 to the printing of the book — but 
 for this he has been censured by Quirini, and corrected by Ernesti. 
 Maittaire, Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 283, note i, judiciously supposed the 
 edition to have been executed in 14G9 ; as Vindelin de Spira, in his 
 impression of 1470, has incorporated the whole of the prefatory epistle 
 of the Bishop of Aleria, which could not have been first printed at the 
 Venetian press : — nor does Maittaire readily believe that these two 
 impressions could have been published the same year. It would follow, 
 therefore, that the present edition was printed in the year 1469. Dra- 
 kenborch was of the same opinion. Edit. Liv. 1738. 
 
 Qvuiini is very full and satisfactory upon this point ; noticing the 
 inference of Maittaire — but contending rather for the possible priority 
 of Ulric Han's impression. He subjoins the entii'e epistle of the epi- 
 scopal editor ; which epistle may also be found, under the date of 
 Spira's impression, in the Bibl. Smithiana, Appdx. p. lxxxii. Consult 
 Quirini De Optimor. Scriptor. Edition, p. 148-160. Laire in his Spec. 
 Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 160, note n, supposed this Editio Princeps was 
 printed in 1470; but in his Index Libror. vol. i. p. 45-6, he re- 
 tracted this opinion — convinced, ' rationibus haud debilitatis' of Au- 
 difiredi, that the preceding year was more correctly the period of its 
 execution. Audiffi-edi is copious and particular : observing properly, 
 that the work is placed, in the memorable list noticed in vol. i. p. 16'0-1, 
 among the latter ones of those said to have been printed in the year
 
 Home.] LIVY. 1 29 
 
 1469. He adds, too, on the authority of the same list, that only 275 
 copies were struck off. Edit. Rom. p. 25-8. DeBure, Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. V. p. 524, is brief but exact; and La Serna Santander, Dtc^ 
 Bibliogr. Clioisi, vol. iii. p. 108, does not fail, as usual, tacitly to tran- 
 scribe the labours of his predecessors. Fossi has well obsei'ved of it ; 
 calling- it ' egregiuin typngraphicae industriae monumentum.' Bibl. 
 Magliabech. vol. ii col. 82. See also Panzer, Annal. Typog. vol. ii. 
 p. 412-13. We now proceed to describe the impression itself: which, 
 from its uniformity of arrangement, requires indeed but a summai-y 
 description. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, without any title by way of prefix, 
 commences the prefatory address of the editor, John Bishop of Aleria. 
 
 I^Fjausto ac felici solo tua Vrbem Pater Beatissirae 
 Paule. II. Venete : Pont. Maxime : Sec. 
 
 In this preface, Virgil and Pliny are thus mentioned before Livy :— 
 * quoru reliquis de eorO laudibus loco alio seruatur oratio.' &c. The 
 preface occupies two entire leaves ; ending quite at bottom of the 
 reverse of the second leaf. Then follow 20 leaves of Epitomes, or 
 Abridgments, of the several books ; including the Fiagments of books. 
 On the recto of the 23d, at top, without prefix, commences what may 
 be called the proheme of the Historian ; and, at bottom, the first four 
 lines of the text. A full page contains 46 lines. The last line of text 
 is on the recto of the last leaf, thus : 
 
 in biduu : ualitudinis causa ; &: per omnia Fora : 
 Conciliabulaq; edixerunt. 
 
 Beneath, we read the six well known verses, as at p. 113 ante : be- 
 ginning 
 
 Aspicis illustris lector quicunq; libellos 
 
 and the 7th and 8th thus : 
 
 Petrus cum fratre Francisco maximus ambo 
 Huic operi optatam contribuere domum 
 
 This impression is undoubtedly one of the noblest publications of an- 
 cient classical literature. It displays a solidity of press work, a strength 
 of paper, and an amplitude of margin, which give it a magnificent 
 
 VOL. II. a
 
 130 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iFoiice; M70. 
 
 appearance ; and which cause these volumes to be numbered among the 
 grandest books in the present Library. This copy may be said to be 
 in the purest state of preservation; and is of such dimensions, that it 
 measures 16^ inches in height, by llj in width. It is splendidly 
 bound in red morocco. 
 
 The bibliographical world are weU apprised of an unique and magni- 
 ficent copy of this first Edition, upon vellum, in the choice collection 
 of iVIr. James Edwards. It is in its original binding, with richly illu- 
 minated borders at the beginning of each of the three Decads ; and 
 from tue Arms at the bottom of the first page of the history, these 
 illuminations appear to have been done for R. Borgia, nephew of 
 Calixtus Jlld, who had been appointed by that Pope, Governor of the 
 Monastery of isoubiaco, and Vice Chancellor of the Roman See. 
 (Boigia afterwards assumed the purple under the well-known and 
 execrated name of Alexander VI.) Perhaps a more enviable treasure, 
 in the form of an ancient classical volume, does not exist. 
 
 288. Livius. Decades Tres. Printed hy Vin- 
 del'in de Sph^a. Venice. 14/0. Folio. 2 vols. 
 
 De Bure is lavish in his commendation of the extreme beauty of this 
 impression ; which io here placed as the Editio Secunda — for reasons 
 which will be assigned in the subsequent article. It is indeed a most 
 magnificent production of the early Venetian press ; but whether it 
 be rarer than the preceding impression, which De Bure intimates, is 
 very questionable. Tliere can be no doubt of its being a reprint of it. 
 The jjrtfafory address of the Bishop of Aleria begins on the recto 
 of the first leaf, without prefix, and concludes nearly at top of the 
 recto of the third leaf. It is followed by the Abridgments or ' Epito- 
 me?' of the several books of the Historian, as before, in 21 leaves: 
 ending with the number of chapters, in like manner. Then the pro- 
 henie of Livy on the recto of the 24th and following leaf. On the re- 
 verse of the same leaf, commences the text. A full page has 49 lines. 
 There are, as in the first edition, no heads to the several books. The 
 fiist volume contains 168 (pencil-numbered) leaves; ending on the 
 reverse of the last. The second volume begins with the Hid Decad 
 on the recto of the first leaf, and concludes with the IVth on the recto 
 of the 248th (pencil-numbered) leaf. On the reverse of fol. 247 t*"*
 
 Venice; 1470] LIVY. 131 
 
 text of the historian terminates ; followed by the date of thft printing, 
 and 44 hexameter and pentameter verses ; — the whole of which have 
 been copied by De Bure ; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 5'28-9 : and by Fossi 
 in the Bibl Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 83. The date, and a few only of 
 the succeeding verses, may be acceptable to the reader. 
 
 .M.CCCC.LXX. 
 
 P loderat baud multiim Liiii abs te scripta fuisse 
 
 Maxima si romp facta pari cloquio : 
 Q' seu desidiis : alio seu ciimine quouis: 
 
 Siue 8c temporibus cuncta fere occiderant: 
 Q upq; superfuerant opera : hpc tarn rara uideri : 
 
 Vt pene ipsorum copia nulla forSc: 
 Et Vindelino debebis tu quoq; foiniis 
 
 Egregie impressit has modo qui decadas : 
 
 Beneath, there are 4 verses — then, on the recto of the following 
 leaf, 32 : from which I extract these, as the more worthy of the biblio- 
 grapher's attention : 
 
 Siue eius formam : siue alia aspicias. 
 I pse banc effingit: polit banc : atq; induit ipse: 
 
 Ipse anima tanq: sensibus instituit. 
 A n natos igitur seruanti cuncta putares 
 
 Te debere : hihil hpc opera ex.mia : 
 A dde g? 8c ppulchra eflinxit: 8c optima : cunctis 
 
 Hoc etiam ut placeant: baec monumenta tua: 
 A tq; tot impressit: totum his iam possit in orbem 
 
 Diffundi atq; puum nomen in omne tuura. 
 8cc. 8cc. &CC. 
 
 How many copies of Ihis splendid edition may be supposed, from 
 these verses, to have been struck off, is a question not easily to be 
 answered ; but the inference is rather in favour of a large than a small 
 impression. His Majesty possesses the beautiful copy which is de- 
 scribed in the Bibl. Smith, p. ccLXxni ; and Mr. Knight was the
 
 1S2 ANCIENT CLASSICS, imthout Date, 
 
 possessor fltf the splendid one from the Pmelli collection : Blbl. Finell. 
 vol. ii. n°. 28^3. The late Duke de la Valliere possessed a copy of it 
 UPON VKLLUM ; which was lent him during life, to be returned, on his 
 death, to the public library at Lyons. The present copy, although 
 large, is not of e<pial beauty and condition with the preceding and 
 succeeding copies. It is bound in blue morocco. 
 
 289. Livius. Decades Trbs. Printed hy Ulric 
 Han. Home. Without Date Folio. 2 vols. 
 
 The reader has been led to require some reasons for placing this 
 impression in its present order. These are gathered chiefly from the 
 introductory address of Campanus, the editor ; and are presumed to 
 be satisfactory in favour of the present arrangement. It will be ob- 
 served that Campanus talks of erroneous impressions of his author — 
 or rather of the ignorance and carelessness of printers, as if tlie work 
 had been at least once printed. The address begins thus : ' CAMPANVS 
 Cardinali Papiensi meo salutem. Tres T. Liuii decades : tot enim su- 
 persunt librariorum inscitia magna ex parte deprauatas iussu tuo recepi 
 emendandas :' Almost the whole address (in 35 lines) is devoted to 
 an abuse of printers — thus, ' librariorum cohorti errores' — ' Nee idem 
 erunt impressorum futuri errores — Legi poterit iam a nostris Liuii 
 historia : si qualem ipsi reddidimus tale & impressores caeterique 
 effinxerint : &c. It is at least conclusive, from this last sentence, that 
 the text of the historian had been before erroneously printed — for 
 Campanus says — ' Legi poterit iani a nostris Liuii historia :* 
 
 Audiffiredi is unusually copious upon this edition ; which he places the 
 first in the list of those printed in the year 1470. The reader will drav7 
 his own conclusion respecting its appearance, or not, subsequently to 
 the impression of Vindelin de Spira. De Bure has started an opinion 
 that this present edition may have been printed at two separate times ; 
 on account of the colophonic verses with which the 1st Dccad con- 
 cludes. He supposes that the first Decad may have been printed in 
 1469, and the Hid and IVth Decads in i 470 : but, prudently, does 
 not make the least decision upon the subject. ' Sans vouloir rien de- 
 cider k cet 6gard, nous rapportons simplement ici le sentiment des uns 
 et des autres, d'autant plus que celui dcs derniers ne nous a pas paru 
 tout-a-fait destitue de probabilite, ayant trouve nous memes difFerentes 
 fois dans le commerce, des exemplaires de la premiere Decade s^par^s.
 
 Rome; 1472.] LIVY. 133 
 
 tant de I'une que de I'autre Edition, dans leurs anciennes itliures en 
 bois, et qui sembloient avoir ^t6 relies dans le temps comme dcs Ou- 
 vrages complets,et qui ne devoient avoir aucune suite.' Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. V. p. 524-6. See too Edit. Rom. p. 32-7- Fabricius, Ernesti, and 
 Maittaire supposed this edition to have been printed in 1471 ; and 
 Rossi in 1472 : but it was more probably executed in 1470 — and after 
 the preceding impression of Vindelin de Spii'a. Fossi, who has an 
 animated description of it, seems to incline to the opinion of AudiflFredi. 
 Bibl. Magliahech. vol. ii. col. 82-3. 
 
 In point of splendor, it is perhaps superior to either of the preceding; 
 and may be called the chef-d'oeuvre of Ulric Han's press : being 
 printed in his middle-size Roman type, with comparatively great re- 
 gularity, upon excellent paper ; and a full page comprehending 45 
 lines. On the reverse of the first leaf commence the * Epitomes' as 
 before ; occupying 23 leaves ; and ending with the colophonic verses 
 as extracted at p. Ill ante. Beneath these verses, we read the word 
 ' CAMPANVS.' The 24th leaf is wholly blank. On (he recto of the 
 25th begins the proheme, or introduction, of the Historian : on the 
 reverse, commences the text. To the last book of the Hid Decad, 
 forming the conclusion of the 2nd volume, are subjoined the verses as 
 before ; with the word ' Campanus' beneath. The present copy is 
 probably unparalleled for condition and size : each of the books of 
 the three Decads being illuminated by what is called ' an ancient hand.' 
 These exquisite volumes are handsomely bound in blue morocco. 
 
 290. Livius. Decades Tres. Printed hi/ Siueyii- 
 heym and Pannartz. Rome, 14/2. Folio. 
 2 vols. 
 
 Although, as Count Reviczky has remarked in his ms. memoranda, 
 there is nothing very particular to observe concerning the present im- 
 pression — which appears to be a reprint of the preceding Roman one — 
 yet it is difficult to pursue our researches relative to these magnificent 
 specimens of earlytypography,andtothe editors of then), without being 
 struck (in regard to these editions in particular) with the force and 
 justice of Quirini's remark upon the text of Maittaire. * Haud 
 magna tamen contentione deccrtandum recte monet Maittaire, si quis 
 hos, et ilium [sc. Episcop. Aleriensem] cum conterraneos, tum con- 
 temporaries affirmaverit, sed admiratione maxima dignos videri sub
 
 134 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Emiej 1472. 
 
 ipsis literarum renascentium primordiis impigros, mutuosqiie illorum 
 Typographorum conatus, qui studioruni contentione, & quasi cemula- 
 tione erecti in procurandis principum Authoi-um Editionibus, qua 
 fieri poterat, diligentia desudando, secum invicem veluti luctabantur, 
 praesertim Ronise, & Venetiis, ut abunde patet ex singulis fere hujus 
 Appendicis Articulis.' De Optimor. Scriptor. Edit. p. 149. 
 
 The text of this edition commences on the recto of the first leaf, 
 without any prefatory epistle of the editor. Unless Audiffredi (Edit. 
 Rom. p. 96.) had examined two copies, in neither of which this epistle 
 was contained — and unless all bibliographers had noticed its omission, 
 in the respective copies under their examination, — it might have been 
 supposed that the present copy was, therefore, imperfect. The text 
 begins with the following titular prefix : 
 
 Epitoma decadu quattuordecim. T. Liuii Patauini 
 Historici in centu 8c qdraginta libros distinctum. 
 V EX LIBRO PIRMO.* 
 
 •■•^This first page is elegantly illuminated in the ancient manner. The 
 E}*itoHaes comprehend 20 leaves ; having at the end, as in the first 
 edition — ' 
 
 ^^ FRESENTIS CODICIS HEC 
 ^NT CAPITA OPERVM. 
 
 On the recto of the following and 21st leaf, commences the proheme 
 of Livy, with four lines of the history, as in the first edition; and 
 having the foUowing title : 
 
 T. Liuii Patauini Historia ab Vrbe 
 condita decadis prime. Liber Primus. 
 
 A full page has 46 lines ; but the contractions are more abundant 
 than in the first impression by the same printers. The titles to the 
 books are uniformly in lower-case letter. The first volume closes 
 with the first Decad ; the second commences with the third ; present- 
 ing us, on the first page, with the same illumination and episcopal 
 coat of arms as in the preceding volume. It ends on the recto of the 
 last leaf, with six verses only; as given at p. 113 ante. Beneath we 
 read the date : 
 
 * Sic.
 
 Milan; 1478.] LIVY. 135 
 
 In domo Petri de Maximis 
 
 . M . CCCC LXXII . die. 
 
 . XVI. lulii. 
 
 The reverse is blank. A very fine copy ; but not of equal dimensions 
 with that of the Editio Princeps. In blue morocco binding. 
 
 291. Livius. Decades Tres. Printed hi/ Philip 
 Lavagnia. Milan. 1478. Folio. 
 
 ' Proxime Zaroto, anno scilicet mcccclxxiii. successit Philippus 
 Lavania Civis Mediolanensis, ([ui veluti pudori ducens totam hujus 
 artis gloriam, et literarum proventum extero homini tunc deberi ab hac 
 inclyta, atque omnium nobiliorum facultatum altrice Urbe, ingenium, 
 viresque suas novis condendis typis inipendit, tantoque characterum 
 cultu, ac papyri nitore editioues adoruauit, ut si cum primis Zaroti 
 conferantur, non tam illarum elegantiam aemulentur, qukra vincant, 
 judice quo VIS oculo etiam peiegrino, cui nvdlum ex amore patriae 
 vitium, ut mihi, fortasse obtrudi possit.' Such is the just eulogy of 
 Saxius, upon the printer of this truly beautiful and magnificent edition : 
 Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. xcvii. At p. dlxix, the impression is 
 inserted in its chronological order ; and Saxius adds, in a note (q), 
 that it is executed ' Caractere Romano, optimo.* It i^ indeed one 
 of the finest productions of the Milan press ; and appears, in its 
 typographical arrangement, to have been printed after the model of 
 Spira's edition. 
 
 On the recto of sign. A i, we read the commencement of the epistle 
 of the Bishop of Aleria, with a title in one line and a half. On A iii, 
 recto, begin the ' Epitomes ;' which extend to B xij rev. A having 10, 
 andB 1% leaves. On the recto of C i is the proheme of the historian: 
 on the reverse, commences the text. The first Decad concludes on 
 the reverse of R vj ; having ten leaves to each signature, with the ex- 
 ception of R, which has only six. The following and third Decad 
 begins on the recto of AA i ; and both this and the fourth Decad 
 runs regularly, in tens, to ZZ and ?C &:. Aftenvards we have oo in 
 eight leaves. On the reverse of the 8th leaf of this latter signature, 
 we read the following colophon, beneath the 12th and last line of the 
 text: 
 
 Opus impressum Mediolani arte 8c impensis Philippi 
 Lauagnije anno domini M.CCCC.LXXVIII.
 
 136 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Treviso; 1485. 
 
 A full page has 49 lines. The titles are in capital letters. It will 
 follow, from the preceding account of the signatures, that this volume, 
 to be perfect, should contain 416 leaves.* The present beautiful copy 
 is nearly of as ample dimensions as is that of the Editio Princeps. 
 It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 292. Livius. Decades Tres. Printed hy loannes 
 Vercellensis. Treviso. 1485. Folio. 
 
 This impression is a mere reprint, according to Seemiller, {Incunab. 
 Typog. fasc. II, p. 105,) of a preceding one of 1482, by the same 
 printer. From this latter authority, it appears that the 3d book of the 
 ivth Decad is wanting in both. The present edition commences on 
 the recto of a, with the usual epistle of the Bishop of Aleria. On the 
 recto of a ii we have, as before, ' L. Flori Epitoma Decadum Quattu- 
 ordecim. T. Liuii Patauini Historici in Centum et Quadraginta Libros 
 Distinctum :' concluding with the ' Capita Operum' on the reverse of 
 c i. Then ensues, on c ii, recto, the text of Livy. In regard to the 
 signatures, a has nine, b six, and c nine leaves : d to z are in eights : 
 then aa to 11 in eights : 11 having only six. Next, A to H in eights : 
 H, nine. On the reverse of H ix, we read the following imprint : 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 Has Titi Liuii Decades a Luca porio quadiligentissime 
 re cognitas : Taruisii loannes Vercellensis impressit 
 Anno salutis Millesimo quadringentesimo octogesimo 
 quinto. f 
 
 A register of the signatures is beneath. The page is of extraordinary 
 fullness ; displaying a mode of publication which one coxild wish to see 
 more frequently adopted in the present day. The present copy is in 
 tolerable condition, in calf-binding. 
 
 * In the second alphabet, UU and WW are omitted. 
 
 t This occupies one line and two thirds of another, in the original.
 
 Rome; M69.] LUCAN. I37 
 
 293. LucANUS. Printed hy Sweynheym and 
 Pannarlz. Rome. 1469. Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps. ' Agmen claudit editionum anni 1469, quae a 
 typographeo Conradi & Arnold! prodienint, Lucani Pharsalia : quae 
 quia ultimo loco inter editiones ejus anni referl ur, vix dubitare licet, 
 quin tempore eisdem posterior fuerit.' AudifFredi, Edit. Rom. p. 30. 
 The account of AudifFredi is, in other respects, sufficiently superficial. 
 This bibliog-rapher notices, however, that part of the prefatory letter 
 of the episcopal editor, (the Bishop of Aleria) in whicli the ignorance, 
 or envy, or avarice of collectors of manuscripts — who will not permit 
 6uch MSS. to be printed for the public good — is properly stigmatised. 
 The commencement of this epistle, on the recto of the first leaf, is as 
 follows : 
 
 Oc tempore pater beatissime Paule. 11. uenete 
 
 Poutifex maxime bona primu ualitudine ab 
 
 omnipotenti deo per castissimas tuas preces opto : ut 
 
 incredibili qucam sufficere recognoscendi oneri : prius 
 
 alieno rogatu suscepto : nuc maibus pedibusq; ut aiut ; 
 
 mea sponte ita complexo : ut nulla uidear posse diffi^ 
 
 cultate reuocari. 
 
 kc. Sec. Sec. 
 
 The epistle concludes thus — alluding to the above-mentioned parsimo- 
 nious encouragers of literature : 
 
 forsitan essemus 
 
 aliqn nonullis de laboribus liberati. sed sciant tenaces 
 
 isti : no se libros amare: sed Chartas : qbus ^ igratitudle 
 
 hoc solu recipimus : Nos tanto plus laudis merituros : 
 
 qui (jdem scimus : etiam in auarissimos charta:^ : bono:^ 
 
 librorum copie munifice liberales. Sed ia. M. Annjei 
 
 Lucani uita : deinceps poema Canorum audiamus. 
 
 A brief biography of the poet, written by Pomponius Infortunatus, 
 and comprehending 3 pages, immediately follows the preceding epistle. 
 In this Life it is observed by the biographer (as Maittaire has cor- 
 rectly noticed : Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 282, note 3), that the Bishop 
 
 VOL. II. X
 
 138 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Rome; 1469. 
 
 of Alexia undertook the revision or editorship of these ten books of 
 the Poet, at the particular entreaty of Sweynheyna and Pannartz ; 
 who, lest the Roman tongue should perish, printed books with praise- 
 worthy skill — (or ' a praise worthy invention'). On the recto of the 
 third leaf, we have the ensuing tetrastichon, which is followed by the 
 text, thus — 
 
 Ordu\?a me genuit. rapuit Nero, prelia dixi. 
 
 Que gessere pares : hinc socer. inde gener. 
 Continuo nunq direxi carmina ductu : 
 Que tractim serpant. plus mihi coma placet. 
 
 Ella per aemathios 
 plusq ciuilia campos 
 lusq; datum sceleri 
 canimus. populuq; potente 
 In sua uictrici couersum 
 uiscera dextra, 
 Cognatasq; acies : k. rupto faedere regni 
 Certatum : totis concussi uiribus orbis : 
 In commune nefas. infestisq; obuia signis 
 Signa. pares aquilas : k pila rainantia pilis. 
 
 There are 21 lines below: a full page comprehending 38 lines, or 
 verses. On the recto of the 109th and last leaf, we read the conclu- 
 sion of the text, and the imprint, as follows : 
 
 Optaret ne mori. Respexit in agmine denso 
 Scaeuam : perpetuae meritum iam nomina famai 
 Ad Campos Epidaure tuos. ubi solus apertis 
 Obsedit muris calcantem moenia Magnum. 
 
 Hoc Conradus opus suueynheym ordine miro 
 Arnoldusq; simul pannarts una acde colendi 
 Gente theotonica : romae expediere sodales. 
 . M . CCCC . LXIX.
 
 Without Date.] LUCAN. 139 
 
 On the reverse of the same leaf is a table in IG lines, including the 
 title. De Bure, vol. iii. p. 346-7, is rather brief. The Cardinal 
 Lomenie's copy was sold for 880 livres : it is described as ' Exemplar 
 elegantissimum et perfectum :' see Laire's Index Libror. vol. i. p. 74. 
 Consult Bibl. Mead. p. 231, n°. 170I : Bill. Askev. n°. 2282: Cat. de 
 la Valliere, vol. ii. 2850 : Bibl. Creven. vol. iii. n". 3982. According to 
 the authority specified in vol. i. p. 161-2, there were only 275 copies 
 of this impression struck off. Brunet tells us that, of all the editions 
 published by Sweynheym and Pannartz in 1469, the present is one of 
 the most difficvdt to meet with, Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 55-6. 
 This copy is slightly soiled, but large and perfect. In red morocco 
 binding. 
 
 294. Luc AN us. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Folio. 
 
 The Abb6 Morelli was the first bibliographer who excited the 
 curiosity of the public in regard to this rare and elegant impression, 
 by the particular (and, let me add, deceptive) account which he gave 
 of it in the Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 339. As Pinelli had not the good 
 fortune to possess the preceding edition, his librarian seems to have 
 been anxious to make amends for this deficiency, by the degree of 
 rarity and importance which he attached to the present one. Morelli's 
 eiToneous conclusion, respecting its supposed priority to that of 1 469, 
 has almost shaken the faith of Laire (Ibid); and has been admitted, 
 without a doubt or qualification, by Panzer : see the latter's Annal. 
 Ttjpog. vol. IV. p. 154-5. There can be no reasonable ground for 
 such conclusion. 
 
 The types, as Morelli justly observes, resemble those of the Florus 
 and Horace, noticed at p. 30-1 : p. 65-6, ante: but the titles to the 
 Books being in capital letters, and the absence of all direct evidence 
 in favour of any printer using these types before the year 1470, or 1472, 
 are alone sufficient to warrant us in assigning the latter of these dates, 
 at earliest, to the present impression. The Bishop of Aleria would, 
 most probably, have made mention of such previous edition— and 
 what press, using these peculiar characters, is known to have existed 
 in 1468 ? The improvement in the press-work, and the adoption of 
 printed titles, in capitals, are alone conclusive, in my own mind, of 
 the subsequency (if such a word may here be used) of this dateless 
 edition. That it is rare and ancient, and taken from a diflFerent MS. 
 ifl sufficiently clear. We will now particularly describe it :
 
 140 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date, 
 
 The first four leaves present us with five preliminary pieces, thus 
 designated : 1. The Life of the Poet ' Ex Commentario Antiquiss.' 
 2. ' Ex Dimidiato Codice Particula ad Poetse huius Vitam pertinens 
 sumpta.' 3. Two Epigrams upon Lucan, from Martial. 4. ' Geneth- 
 liacon Lucani ad Pollam Aigentariam Carissimam Poetae Uxorem ex 
 Secundo Sylvarum Papinii Stacii.' 5. A short extract from Tacitus, 
 concerning the poet. All these titles are printed in capital letters ; 
 and the last piece concludes on the recto of the 4th leaf. The reverse 
 is blank. On the recta of the 5th leaf, beneath a title in capitals, we 
 have the Tetrastichon, and the first seven verses, verbally as in the 
 preceding edition. The text follows, thus : 
 
 Vis furor o ciues ? quae tanta licentia ferri 
 Gentibus inuisis latium praibere cruore } 
 Cuq; supba foret Babylo spoliada trophaeis 
 Ausoniis : umbraq; erraret Crassus inulta. 
 
 B ella geri placuit nullos habitura triuphos. 
 
 H eu quantum terrae potuit pelagiq; parari 
 Xcc. 8cc. See. 
 
 A full page has 40 verses. On the recto of the 106th and last leaf, 
 we read the conclusion, thus — not without error. The verses following 
 it, are too singular to be omitted; and have, indeed, been copied by 
 Morelli; but not with the same strict attention to literal accuracy, 
 
 O ptare nemori respexit in agmine denso 
 S jeuam perpetuae meritum iam nomina famae 
 A d campos epidaure tuos : ubi solus apertis 
 O bsedit muris calcantem moenia magnum : . 
 
 FINIS 
 
 C um genero inuentis Caesar dignissime tantis 
 Viuis ad hue : Martis qui potes esse nepos 
 
 N amq; ubi concideras : hac laude uoluminis astra 
 Tangis : 8c ad summum notus es usq; polum. 
 
 F orraa dedit renouare manus : reperire colorera 
 Quo maneat libris pressa litura suis.
 
 Fenice; 1475.] LUCAN. 141 
 
 Q uodq; diu calcabat opus noctesq; diesq; 
 
 Dextera ; sola premat tincta tabella die. 
 I ngenii certe uires 8c munera tanti 
 
 Mirentur ueteriim qui sacra bella legent 
 S ic neq; deficiat Romani gloria regis. 
 
 Codice nee careat turba docenda nouo :. 
 
 The reverse is blank. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords. Another point may be worth submitting to the attention 
 of the curious, in regard to the present impression being printed sub- 
 sequently to the preceding one. It is, that, (as we have seen) 
 there are extracts from Martial, Statins, andTacittis: but would the 
 Editor have taken the pains to consult Manuscripts of these authors for 
 such apposite passages? — and if so, would not a discovery of such 
 MSS. have probably led to the printing of these last mentioned authors? 
 Yet no impression of them is extant, with types similar to those of 
 the present impression of Lucan. It is reasonable therefore to con- 
 clude, that the editor availed himself of the convenience of printed 
 texts of the authors here quoted; and if so, this impression could not 
 have been anterior to 1470 at earliest. 
 
 A copy of this ' very rare and early edition, not known to Fabricius, 
 Maittaire, De Bure, and other Bibliographers,' will be found in the 
 catalogue of Mr. Edwards for 1794, n°. 1037, bound in Russia leather, 
 and marked at 8/. 8s. 
 
 The present beautiful copy was in the Pinelli collection ; and its 
 large margin and fine condition are duly noticed by Morelli. It is 
 bound in red morocco. 
 
 295. Omnibonus in Lucanum. Printed at Ve- 
 nice. 1475. Folio. 
 
 This FIRST iMPEESSioN of the labours of Omnibonus Leonicenus 
 upon Lucan, which will be found in Pan/er, and Brunet, under the 
 name of the Commentator, is a very handsomely printed volume ; 
 having a good deal of the character of the Spira press. The Com- 
 mentary is accompanied only by small portions of the text. On the 
 reverse of the first leaf commences the first of the five prefixes
 
 142 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenicej 1475. 
 
 noticed in the description of the previous impression. On sign, a 3 
 recto, we read the opening of the Commentary, with this prefix. : 
 
 Omnibonus Vincentinus in Lucannum.* 
 
 There are no divisions or sections in this elaborate commentary, 
 Avhich runs, in one solid body of text, from the beginning to the end 
 of the volume. The signatures are most capriciously arranged, a. 
 b. c. have each 10 leaves : then C, with 8 : D, 6 : and d. to 1. in 8's : 
 1, to fs. — ss — St— each 10 leaves : then si with 12 leaves : t. u. x. y — 
 each 8 : then 3. and &. each S : next, aa to cc, inclusively, each 8 : dd 
 to hh, each 10 : lastly, hh. ii. and KK each 12 leaves. On the recto 
 bf KK xij we read as follows : 
 
 Egreditur phoebi subiturus templa sacerdos 
 
 Inuide ne noceas ; quid nocuisse iuuat ? 
 Graecae dulce decus linguae : famamq; latinae : 
 
 Omnibonum posset quis celebrare satis ? 
 Nam nodos omnes soluit Ciceronis : opusque 
 
 Quod sibi uult docuit Quintiliane tuum. 
 Hoc falso scripsisse ferunt iuuenilibus annis 
 
 Perlege : digna senis cognitione leges. 
 Non in Lucanum quicquam quod dignius extet 
 
 Ex hoc ni rapiant : sascula nostra dabunt. 
 Addidit autorum Coradinus nomina : nilque 
 
 Sustulit : Omniboni quo minuatur honos. 
 
 Venetiis .M.CCCC.Lxxv. xii. Kalendas Augusti. 
 Existente Venetiarura Duce Petro Mocenico. 
 
 As this is a volume of very uncommon occurrence, the reader (if in 
 possession of such a treasure) will not fail to collate it by the pre- 
 ceding description ; which is given with every possible attention to accu- 
 racy. The neatness of press-work and the amplitude of margin render 
 the present beautiful copy a most desirable acquisition to the Library. 
 Many of the fore-edges are uncut. It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 [Halle; 1472.] LUCAN. I43 
 
 296. LucANUS. Printed at Halle. 1472. (Spu- 
 rious Date. J Quarto. 
 
 It is rather extraordinary that Count Reviczky, at p, 78-9 of his Bibl. 
 Gr. et Lat. should apparently have attached some little importance to 
 an edition like the present ; which has, palpably, a spurious date sub- 
 joined. ' Optime monuit (says Panzer) CI. Martyni-Laguna in 
 Epistola ad virum inch C. G. Heyne p. xxxi. cum adsit praefatio 
 Petri Aeolici, qui anno 1496 Lipsise publice enarravit Lucani carmen, 
 in anni numero fraudem vel errorem subesse, legendum forte esse 
 .M.CCCCC.XXII. Primus, quern ego quidem novi, liber, Halae Saxon, 
 impressus, est ann. 1520.' Annul. Typog. vol. iv. p. 9. 
 
 We will briefly describe the impression, and subjoin a remark or 
 two upon its probable date. On the recto of the first leaf, towards 
 the top, we read the ' Epitauium Lucani' as at p. 138 ante. The re- 
 verse is blank. On the recto of the second leaf is the preface of 
 Eolicus, occupying both sides of it : on the recto of the third the text 
 of the poet begins thus : 
 
 ^^ %nmi Hucani Cortiulien 
 
 €na aj ematljio^ pJu^l ciiiiUa capoji 
 giuiafq; tiattt ^ttlm tamw: populuq; 50^ 
 
 Ctentem 
 
 There is a wide space between each line, and a full page contains 
 only 19 verses. The signatures run thus : A to f in sixes : Aa to Nn 
 in sixes : Nn, eight. On the recto of Nn viij are the concluding verses 
 of Sulpitius's complaint on the imperfect conclusion of the Pharsalia : 
 beneath which we read the date thus : 
 
 Immediately below which, is the device of the printer ; being two 
 shields suspended to a bough — on one of them a half moon, star, and 
 circle— on the other the town of Halle — both the back grounds, black. 
 I have no hesitation in calling the foregoing a forged date. In the 
 first place, it is seldom if ever that books of this period have a titular
 
 H4 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence; 1496. 
 
 coramencement like the present one. In the second place, the letter 
 is of that character that belongs to the close of the xvth century; 
 being sharp, and in the form of Secretary Gothic. In the third place, 
 whoever examines the Date attentively, may see that it is, in all pro- 
 bability, introduced separately, and subsequently to the printing of 
 the body of the work. The M and C are materially different ; and 
 there is a smeared bungling appearance about this line, forming the 
 date, very different from that of the geneial workmanship of the vo- 
 lume. The printer, too, would hardly have inserted his device so 
 closely beneath the line of the date. 
 
 The present copy is in very indifferent condition : in calf binding. 
 
 297- LuciANUs. Opera Omnia. Gr. Printed 
 at Florence. 1496. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. There are few volumes of ancient classical lite- 
 rature more precious to the scholar, or more interesting to the biblio- 
 grapher, than the present one. Reitzius, in the preface to the 
 celebrated critical edition of 1743, (which gave the world the united 
 editorial labours of Hemsterhusius, Gesner and Reitzius him- 
 self) has stamped the intrinsic worth of this impression by the following 
 emphatic sentence : ' Haec, etsi ab typographicis vitiis non est im- 
 munis, in vestig-iis tamen priscae lectionis servandis, tantum alias 
 praecellit, ut Codicis Manuscripti vicem praestare queat. Hanc licet 
 Solanus totam contulerit, ego tamen aeque ac reliquas, saepissime 
 inspexi, ac de novo consului.' Those who have not the Amsterdam 
 edition of 1743 (4 vols. 4to.) may consult the note in Audififi'edi's 
 Edit. Ital. p. 350-1, for the whole of Reitzius's opinion; or the Edit. 
 Bipont. of Lucian, vol. i. p. lxxix, where the preface of Reitzius is 
 inserted. 
 
 To the bibliographer this volume is of considerable interest : for it 
 betrays a table of Contents in the title-page, which is not verified — 
 namely, it proposes to contain some works of Philostratus and Calli- 
 stratus, which were never found in it ; and it exhibits a specimen of 
 Greek typography, exceedingly beautiful in itself, of which the printer is 
 unknown. We shall presently see whether theie be just grounds for 
 attributing it to the press of the JuntjE : a conclusion, which Brunet, 
 without assigning any reason, seems too hastily disposed to adopt. 
 We will first however, give a bibliographical description of the volume.
 
 Florence; 1496.] LUCIAN. 145 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, without any signature, we read the 
 list of Works ' which are contained in this Book.' This list is thus 
 designated : 
 
 TA AE ENE2TIN EN Ti2i AE QVAE HOC VOLVMINE 
 Till BIBiVmi. CONTINENTVR. 
 
 AOTKIANOT. LVCIANI OPERA. 
 
 ^tKos-parov eixovsj. Icones Philostrati. 
 
 ^i\ofpaToo veuiTspovsixovss, Philostrati iunioris Icones. 
 
 To'j aurjii Yjpcuixx. Eiusdem Heroica. 
 
 KocKKtfguTou sK<^poL<rsi5. Descriptiones Callistrati. 
 
 Tou fluTO'j Bjo< (70(p»rwv. Eiusdem uitai sophistarurn. 
 
 Beneath, there is the following Epigram : 
 
 AOTKIANOT ElS THN EAT 
 TOT BIBAON. 
 
 Aouxiavog raS* sypu^s, -nctXoua. t=, fJMpa. ts IjScoj. 
 
 fMopa yctp av$pcwroii xa» tu SojcoDvtjc <yofu. 
 OtJSev £v avdgooTTOKn 5«axp»8ov Ifi vorjjtta, 
 
 aXA' u cry 6aujU,a?=<f, Toud' STspoKTi yeXoog. 
 
 The reverse of the leaf is blank. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, 
 sign. A I, are the following titles : 
 
 AOTKIANOT 
 
 ^AMOSATE122 
 
 AIAAOrOI. 
 
 nEPI TOT ENTHNIOT. 
 
 HTOI BIOS AOT 
 
 KIANOT. 
 
 The signatures run in eights : beginning with A and B ; and recom- 
 mencing with u «. The first alphabet runs from a to w : then um to 
 XX : each in eights : xx having only seven. On the recto of xx vj, we 
 read the colophon in one line, thus : 
 
 Ev (pXiupsvllx ersj ^i\iofu) TiTpaxocjofw lvevT]xos-w Ixtw. 
 
 VOL. II. U
 
 Mb- ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence; 1496. 
 
 The foregoing epigram, and a table, are beneath : the latter has this 
 preiix : 
 
 niNAH TOT nAPONTO^ BIBAIOY. 
 
 occupying the remaining three pages ; and terminating the volume 
 on the reverse of xt \ij. The last title in the Index or Table is 
 
 EniSTOAAI KPONIKAI. 
 
 The last line and word in the volume is TEAO]^. 
 
 Thus much for a desciiption of the typographical arrangement. We 
 now renew the subjects hinted at in the opening of this article. In the 
 first place, it has been said (on the authority of INIaittaire) that the 
 title page was printed ' many years after the execution of the body of 
 the work ;' but there seem two solid objections against adopting this 
 conclusion. The one is, if the volume did not contain the works of 
 Philostratus and Callistratus, why insert them in the title ? The other 
 is, although this first leaf has no signature, and the second leaf begins 
 on AI, yet, on counting the gatherings, it is evident that there was a 
 mistake in this omission of signature ; as each signature has eight 
 leaves, and A, to be complete, must comprehend this first leaf. For 
 my own part, I conceive that the printer had, at first, intended to 
 print these works of Philostratus and Callistratus, and therefore inserted 
 their titles in the general title to the book ; but that finding, on the 
 completion of Lucian, they wouM render the volume too bulky, he had 
 abandoned his original intention, and neglected to cancel the title- 
 page. We will now, in the second place, say a few words respecting 
 the press from which this magnificent volume is supposed to have 
 issued. 
 
 Mr. Beloe has justly observed, in his Anecdotes of Literature, S^c. vol. iv. 
 p. 348, that, in my Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 54-.5, I have 
 ' omitted to give any information concerning the printer.' He him- 
 self thus continues : ' Maittaire and others have assigned it to the 
 Junta Press ; but we have two books by tliese printers at a period 
 very near, which, with respect to the type, bear no kind of resem- 
 blance to the Lucian. These books are the Zenobius of 1497 and the 
 Orpheus of 1500. There is also another objection (continues Mr. 
 Beloe), which to me seems insuperable. The Greek type used by these 
 printers in the following century, has no resemblance to the Lucian. 
 The first Greek book, after the Orpheus, from this press, bears the 
 date of 1515; and it certainly appears remarkable, that, possessing
 
 Florence ; 1 i 96 .] LUC IAN. 1 1 7 
 
 such a type, the printers should have employed it only in one book. 
 Nevertheless, it must be confessed that Bandinu?, in his his^oiy of the 
 Junta press, is very strenuous in ::ssertinj^, that the Lucian really came 
 from thence, and he uses many arguments of weight in confirmation 
 of his opinion.' Ibid. To these remarks it may be subjoined, first, 
 that the Zenobius and Orpheus are indeed executed with a very diffe- 
 rent type — they being in fact printed in the same Greek characters 
 with which the Horence Homer of 14S8 (see fac-simile p. 60, ante) 
 was printed; and exhibiting perhaps the latest specimen of this Greek 
 type, which was originally introduced at Milan in the year 147G. The 
 tjq)esof this first Lucian resemble rather those of the press of Cal- 
 liereus at Venice, although they are somewhat smaller ; and the 
 JuNT.'E certainly imitated this character in their Greek books printed 
 after the year 1515. Secondly, Mr. Beloe has been led into an error 
 by Laire (in general, a treacherous bibliographer), in observing 
 that Bandini • is strenuous in asserting that the Lucian came from 
 the Junta press.' On the contrary, this impression, as Audiffredi* has 
 justly remarked, is placed by Bandini the first in the list of the 
 * Editiones IvntinjE Dvbiae'. See the Annal. Typog. Junt. pt. ii. 
 )). 257. It may be therefore safe to conclude, that the present edition 
 of Lucian was not printed at the Junta Press. 
 
 Count Reviczky, in his ms. Memoranda, sajs that there are copies 
 of this Editio I'rinceps without the first leaf: but tins is doubtful. 
 It mav also be necessary to correct a mistake in Brunet ; who, speak- 
 ino- of the Junta impression of Philostratus, &c. 1517j says it contains 
 Luciant — but on consulting Bandini, pt. ii.p. 1*23, I find no mention 
 of Lucian. Bandini notices, as Brunet (Manuel du Libraire,vo\. ii. p. G8) 
 rightly observes, a copy of this rare book, adorned with beautiful pic- 
 tures.and printed upon fair vellum, in the Riccardi Library: see pt. ii. 
 p. 257, A VELLUM copy of it is also iii the Blenheim Library. 'Ihe 
 
 • AudilTredi, Edit. ltd. p. 351, also notices the error of Laire (Indei Libror. vol. ii. 
 p. 251) in asserting that Bandini proves tlie above impression to have been printed by 
 the Juntie, ' iiinctb argvmentis.' ' At vero si non invicto (contmues Audilfredi himself), 
 magni certe pondcris arguraento probari potest, principem banc Luciani editionem ex offi- 
 cina Juntarum minirae prodiisse Pro nobis hoc prasstitit R. P. Ant ijnoretti, institute 
 diligenti examine (nobis petentibus) super exemplari Corsiniaiio, quod ad oflkinam hbra- 
 riam Juntarum pertinuisse pro ceito habeo. En ejus verba.' Then follows tlie particular 
 account of Amoretti, written in the Italian language — but too long for quotation here. 
 
 t Bninet relies upon the \'allicre Catalogue ; but on consulting vol. ii. no. 4336 to 43-10 
 of the Cat. da la Valliere, 1 find nothing to justify the conclusion.
 
 148 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1482. 
 
 present, although upon paper, is a large and beautiful copy, and 
 sumptuously bound in green morocco. The Duke of Devonshire 
 possesses the very fine copy which belonged to the late Bishop of Ely. 
 
 298. LuciANUs. De Pr^cedentia Alexandri, 
 &c. Latine. Printed in the year 1482. Quarto. 
 
 This little tract, of four leaves only, contains a dialogue held between 
 Alexander, Annibal, and SciPio, in the presence of Minos, con- 
 cerning the precedency of each other in military fame. On the reverse 
 of the tirst leaf, we read the title and the commencement of the work; 
 the former being as follows : 
 
 opusculum de presidencia allexan 
 dri hanibalis k. scipionistraductum 
 e greco in latinum per aurispam 
 
 On the recto of the 4th and last leaf, we read the conclusion and im- 
 print. The reader may have no objection to be made acquainted 
 with the decision of the judge. 
 
 MINOS. Perioue 
 scipio 8c recte 8c ut romanii decet locutus es 
 itaq; cu disciplina militari rebusq; bellicis. aut 
 hisce equalem aut prestanciorem. sciencia. pie 
 tate uero cetcrisq; airni uiitutibus maxime hos 
 superasse te preferendum censeo. Et allexader 
 secundus sit 8c tercius uidetur hanibal : neq; hie 
 spernendus est. 
 
 Finitum est hoc opusculum 
 die secunda lanuarii. Anno 
 Mille quadiingentesimo octo 
 agesimosecundo. 
 
 A copy of this work was in the Pinelli Collection : Bihl. Pinell. 
 vol. iii. p. 290. n<». 7542, a; and it is noticed by Denis, p. 152. See 
 too Panzer, vol. iv. p. 29. The present copy, in calf binding, is 
 attached to some Opuscula of Plutarch tranlated into Latin.
 
 Brescia [1473.] LUCRETIUS. I49 
 
 299. Lucretius. Printed hy Ferandus. Brescia. 
 Without Date ; hut probably not later than 
 1473. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The extraordinary rarity and worth of this first 
 impression of the text of Lucretius, are now generally known to 
 the curious in classical literature. 1 here is perhaps r.o scarcer book 
 in this collection than the present one : nor is there another library 
 in the kingdom which contains a copy of it. It is not known to exist 
 in France ; andBrunet, without having seen it, and without referring 
 to any cabinet for a copy of it, conceives its pecuniary value to be from 
 1200 to 1500 francs ! a sum, very much indeed below its worth. 
 
 Boni and Gamba were, I believe, the first bibliographers who made 
 mention of this very uncommon book : see their Biblioteca Fortatile ; 
 pt, ii. p. 28. The account of it there is sufficiently brief ; but the 
 former, in his Lettere sui primi libri a stampa di alcune citta e terre delV 
 Italia Snperiore, Venez. 1794, p. lxxx. has given a fuller descrip- 
 tion of it ; yet not with that attention to literal accuracy which is 
 so requisite in bibliographical works. He has even committed an 
 error in copying the first word of the text. We may make one 
 other preliminaiy remark ; which is, that Auditfredi, Panzer, Harles, 
 La Serna Santander, and Brunet, all owe their several notices 
 to Boni and Gamba : see the Edit. Ital. p. 420 ; Annal. Typog. vol. iv. 
 p. 255-G, 263 ; Suppl. Notit. Lit. Rom. vol. i. p. 149 ; Diet. Bibliogr. 
 Choisi, vol. iii. p. 124 ; and Manuel du Lihraire, vol. ii. p. 71. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, the text begins thus : 
 
 T. lucretii cari de reru natura liber primus 
 
 a Enaeadu gcnitrix hominQ diuuq; uoluptas 
 
 Alma ueuus : casli subter labentia signa 
 Quae mare nauigeru quae terras frugiferetis 
 Cocelebras : p te quonia genus one animatu 
 
 Concipitur, uisitq; exortum lumina solis 
 
 Te dea te fugiunt uenti^ te nubila csAx* 
 8cc. 8cc. lac. 
 
 * The reader is presciited willi the following Various Readings in the first yi verses 
 of the first book, from the editions here subjomed. The entire text has been collated
 
 ]bO 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Brescia [1473]. 
 
 In the first three leaves, there are certain lacunae to be supplied by the 
 introduction of titles, relating to the particular subject treated of. 
 From the recto of the 4th leaf these chasms are supplied, thus : 
 
 Spotc sua multo fieri rneliora uideres. 
 
 Nihil. Ad Niliilum. Interiie 
 Hue accedit uti quaeq; in sua corpora rursum 
 Dissoluat natura iieq; ad nihilum interimat res. 
 Nam si quid mortale e eunetis paitibus effSc 
 Ex oeulis res queeq; repente erepta perir&: 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 Again — on the reverse of the same leaf. 
 
 witli these editions, at the desire and expense of the noble Owner of the above copy ; who 
 has liberally supplied the editor of the recent Gla>gow edition (1813) with these variations. 
 It is from this latter edition, that the reader is presented with the following specimen : 
 
 
 BRIXI^ 
 
 VERON-^ 
 
 VENETIIS 
 
 VENETIIS 
 
 BIPONTI 
 
 
 Ferandus 
 
 Fridenperger 
 
 T. DeRagazonibus 
 
 Aldus 
 
 
 L. 
 
 [1473] 
 
 1486. 
 
 1495. 
 
 1500. 
 
 1782. 
 
 1 
 
 aEnseadum 
 
 aEneadum 
 
 aEneadum 
 
 aEneadum 
 
 yEneadum 
 
 
 genitrix 
 
 genitrix 
 
 genitrix 
 
 genitrix 
 
 genetrls 
 
 2 
 
 caeli 
 
 caili 
 
 cieli 
 
 caeli 
 
 coeli 
 
 3 
 
 frugiferentis 
 
 frugiferentis 
 
 frugiferentis 
 
 frugiferenteis 
 
 frugiferenteiis 
 
 6 
 
 csbH 
 
 caeli 
 
 ca-li 
 
 ca-li 
 
 coeli 
 
 7 
 
 suauis 
 
 suanis 
 
 suauis 
 
 suaueis 
 
 suaveis 
 
 
 dedala 
 
 deedala 
 
 dapdala 
 
 dapdala 
 
 dffidala 
 
 8 
 
 submittit 
 
 submittit 
 
 submittit 
 
 submittit 
 
 summittit 
 
 
 aequora 
 
 equora 
 
 equora 
 
 aequora 
 
 Eequora 
 
 9 
 
 caelum 
 
 CEelum 
 
 caelum 
 
 caelum 
 
 coelum 
 
 10 
 
 simul ac 
 
 simules 
 
 sinnilas 
 
 simul ac 
 
 simul ac 
 
 
 species 
 
 speties 
 
 speties 
 
 species 
 
 ■species 
 
 11 
 
 genitabilis 
 
 genitalis 
 
 genitalis 
 
 genitabilis 
 
 genitalis 
 
 
 fauoni 
 
 fauoni 
 
 fauoni 
 
 fauonii 
 
 Favoni 
 
 13 
 
 nutum 
 
 nutum 
 
 nutum 
 
 initum 
 
 initum 
 
 
 perculse 
 
 perculse 
 
 perculse 
 
 perculsas 
 
 percussae 
 
 14 
 
 fei-e 
 
 fere 
 
 fere 
 
 feraj 
 
 i'erte 
 
 
 persiilcant 
 
 persultans 
 
 persultant 
 
 persultant 
 
 persultant 
 
 15 
 
 amnis 
 
 aranis 
 
 aranis 
 
 amneis 
 
 amneis 
 
 16 
 
 deest 
 
 deest 
 
 deest 
 
 deest 
 
 Illecebrisquetu- 
 isomnis natura 
 anmiantum 
 
 17 
 
 cupide 
 
 cupide 
 
 cupidaj 
 
 cupide 
 
 cupide 
 
 
 quocunque 
 
 quocunque 
 
 quocunque 
 
 quo quanque 
 
 quo quamque 
 
 18 
 
 niontis 
 
 montis 
 
 montis 
 
 monteis 
 
 monteis 
 
 
 rapacis 
 
 rapacis 
 
 rapacis 
 
 rapaceis 
 
 rapaceis 
 
 19 
 
 frondiferasque 
 
 frondiferasque 
 
 frondiferasque 
 
 frondiferasque 
 
 trundifei'asque 
 
 
 uirentis 
 
 uirentis 
 
 uirentis 
 
 virenteiis 
 
 virenteiis 
 
 20 
 
 inquutiens 
 
 incutiens 
 
 incutiens 
 
 incutiens 
 
 incutiens 
 
 21 
 
 secla 
 
 sajcla 
 
 saecla 1 
 
 secla 
 
 sa;cla
 
 Brescia; [1473.] LUCRETIUS. 151 
 
 Quod nequeunt oculis rei^e primordia cerui 
 Corpora. Que. Non. Videantur 
 Accipc preterea qua; corpora tute necesse est 
 Confitearc esse in rebus : nee posse uideri. 
 Principio ueriti uis uerberat incita portus 
 kc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The titles are frequently in Capitals. The second book commences thus : 
 
 SECVNDVS LIBER 
 
 s Vaue mari magno turbatibus aequora uetis 
 
 E terra magnum alterius spectare labore 
 
 No quia vexari quepia est icuda uoluptas 
 
 Sed quibus ipse malis careas quia cernere suaue est 
 
 Per campos instructa tua sine parte pericli 
 
 k.c. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The edition, referred to in the last note, renders it the less necessary 
 to su})ply Various Readings from the above, or from the ensuing 
 exti'act : 
 
 Quae Ad Inferos Dicat Ea Vite Vitia Esse 
 Atq; animaij? etiam quascuq; acherunte ^fiJdo 
 Prodita sut esse in uita sunt omnia nobis 
 Nee miser impedens magnum timSc aere saxum 
 Tantalus ut fama est cassa forniidine terpens 
 Sed magis in uita diuum metus urgSc inanis 
 Mortales casumq; timSc quem cuiq; ferat fors 
 Nee titjon uolucres ineunt acherunte iacenteni 
 Nee quid sub magno scrutentur pectore quicq 
 See. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 (Lib. 111. fol. 47* recto.) 
 
 We may close these extracts, with the following interesting subscription, 
 appended to the conclusion of the text of the poet ; on the recto of 
 the last leaf: the reverse being blank.
 
 152 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Brescia; [1473.] 
 
 TITI LVCRECII CARI FINIS 
 
 LVCRECII VnicQ meas i manus cu puenissSc 
 exeplaiv de eo iprimendo hesitaui : q^ erat difficile 
 Qico d exeplo quae librariiessetpterita negligetia ilia 
 corrigere : Ver^ ubi alteijB percj^sitQ exeplar adinue 
 nire no potui/ Hac ipsa motus difficultate unico et 
 d exeplari uolui lib^ (| niaxle ra^J coem multis facer 
 Studiosis si(jdem facilius eiit pauca loca ul' alicQ de 
 altero exeplari extricato 1' suo studio castigare Scdili^ 
 getia : q integro carere uolumine Preserti cQa fabul' 
 quae uacuas (ut inqt poeta) delectat metes remotus 
 Lucretius nr de re^ nata qstioes tractSc acutissimas 
 tato igenii acumine/ tantoq; lepore uerboijK ut ones 
 qui illii secuti poete siit : eu ita suis i descriptioibus 
 imitet 8c Virgilius pserti poeta^ priceps ut ipsis cum 
 uerbis tria iterdu k aniplius metra suscipiat 
 
 THOMA FERANDO AVCTORE 
 
 This volume contains 106 leaves, and not 104, as is inaccurately 
 stated in Boni. A full page has 36 lines. The text is about 8 inches 
 in height, by nearly 4 inches in width.* The type is a middle size 
 Roman letter ; which, like the rest of the productions of Ferandus, is 
 sufficiently inelegant, and unskilfully printed. There are neither 
 numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. As there is no book extant, 
 printed by Ferandus in a similar type, beyond the date of 1473, it is 
 presumed by Boni — and acquiesced in by other bibliographers — that 
 this edition may have been executed in the last mentioned year, at 
 latest. Panzer conjectures, on the authoi'ity of Boni, that Ferandus 
 never printed anything after the year 1473 ; when he put forth the 
 BcESCiA Statutes with this date subjoined. It will be seen, when 
 we come to describe this latter production, (in vol. iii.) that the printer 
 — who has inmiortalised himself by this impression of ltjcretius — 
 declared his inability to work longer, from want of support ; and from 
 
 • These particulars are worth stathig, in case any one should become possessed of fi'a^- 
 meots of an old Lucretius, wliich may be supposed to belong to this impression.
 
 Ferona; I486.] LUCRETIUS. 153 
 
 the poverty, and even beggary, which awaited him. Although 
 Ferandus seems to have been broken-hearted, from his ill-success in 
 business, when he printed the Brescia Statutes, yet La Scrna Santander 
 tells us that he exercised the trade of a printer again, twenty years 
 afterwards, in 149.3. He does not, however, notice the work printed 
 by him in this latter year : nor does Audiffiedi make mention of any 
 work, sub Anno 1493, executed by Ferandus: see the Edit. Ital. 
 p. 166; and Dicf. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 285-6. 
 
 Boni mentions a copy of this Editio Princeps, in the libraiy of Sign. 
 Francesco Piazzoni — ' letterato ed amatore, e ricco possessore di simili 
 rarilk' — by whose politeness the description of it in his own book was 
 given. This may save Boni from the disgrace of much inaccuracy. 
 Another copy is supposed to be in the collection of Count Angelo 
 d'Elci of Florence. It remains only to observe, that the present is a 
 fair sound copy ; in blue morocco binding. 
 
 300. Lucretius. Printed hij Paul Fridenperger. 
 Verona. 1486. Folio. 
 
 Seemiller has been rather copious in his account of this impression ; 
 which, since the discovery of the preceding edition, has sunk mate- 
 rially in price and estimation. We may unite in the eulogy of See- 
 miller, respecting the paper, type, and press- work; although, in a 
 critical point of view, there is little to commend in the volume. The 
 copious manner in which the previous article has been treated, may 
 justify us in being comparatively brief in our description of the present 
 one. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a ii, we read as follows : 
 
 T. Lucreti Cari. poetae philosophic! antiquissimi 
 de rerum natura liber primus incipit foeliciter. 
 
 Eiieadu genitrix hominu diuuq; uoluptas 
 a Alma uenus : CceU subter labentia signa 
 
 Quae mare nauigerum quae 
 terra frugiferentis 
 Concelebras : per te quoniam genus omne animantum 
 Concipitur. uisitq; exortum lumina solis. 
 
 VOL. II. X
 
 154 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iVerona; I486. 
 
 Te dea te fugiunt uenti : te nubila caeli 
 Aduentumq; tuum : tibi suauis dasdala tellus 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The heads are printed in small, or lower-case letter. On the recto 
 of in vij, in eights, we read the subscription and colophon, thus : 
 
 T. Lucreti Cari. poetae pbilosophiq; antiquissirni 
 De rerum primordia natura ad memmium 
 Liber sextus 8c ultimus explicit foeliciter. 
 
 Paulus hunc inipressit fridenperger in uerona. 
 
 Qui genitus est in Patauia alae magnce. 
 
 Ab incainatione christi : Mcccclxxxvi 
 
 Die uigesimo octauo septembris calen. octobris. 
 
 There are 26 lines beneath ; partly prose and partly verse : some 
 of them being recapitulations or heads of the leading features in the 
 philosophy of Lucretius : the last five lines have been extracted by 
 Seemiller. In regard to the expression, in the second line of the co- 
 lophon — * in Patauia alae magnae' — and the whole of the last line of 
 the same (vide infra), Seemiller thus justly observes — ' Ceterum in 
 eo facile assenserim Maittairio, Patauiam Episcopalem ciuitatem Passaii, 
 Al(B MagncE vero nomen Alemanniam designare in subscriptione supra 
 laudata : Notam vero diei et mensis, quae in eadem subscriptione oc- 
 currit, nimirum 
 
 Die uigesimo octauo septembris calen. octobris 
 
 pariter non intelligo. Forte ex typographi negligentia, omissa est 
 vox tertio Calen. (das), quamuis haec diei notatio sit infrequens. Ce- 
 terum (concludes Seemiller) editionem banc omnium prunam, et raris- 
 simam esse Bibliographi passim testantur.' Incunab. Tijpog. fasc. iii. 
 p. 57-8. Since the discovery of the previous edition, this conclusion 
 now loses the whole of its force. This impression was formerly held 
 in great estimation, and was sold for 23/. 2s. at the Pinelli sale. It 
 may be seen in the catalogue of ahxnjst every collection from that of 
 Tillotson to Pinelli : so that its rarity has always been questionable. 
 The present is a fine copy; bound in I'ed- morocco.
 
 renice; 1495.] LUCRETIUS. I55 
 
 301. Lucretius. Printed by Theodore De Raga- 
 zonibus. Venice. 1495. Quarto. 
 
 It is justly observed by Ernesti, Bibl. Lat. vol. i. p. 79, that this 
 impression ' follows the preceding one.' It is indeed a mere reprint 
 of it. On the recto of the first, a ii, we read as follows : 
 
 T. Lucreti Cari. poct^e philosophic! antiquissimi 
 de rerum uatiira liber primus incipit fcelicitcr. 
 
 Eneadu gcnitrix hominu diuuq; uoluptas 
 a Alma uenus. casli subter labentia signa 
 
 Quae mare nauigerum quas 
 terras frugiferentis 
 Concelebras : per te quoniam genus omne animantum 
 Concipitur. uisitq; exortum lumina solis. 
 8cc. Sec. Sec. 
 
 On the recto of q ix, the text of the poet ends : on the reverse is the 
 same conclusive title as at top of the preceding colophon, followed by 
 the same 26 lines. On the recto of q x, we read some verses of C. 
 Lycinius to Nicolaus Priolus ; beneath which is the following colophon : 
 
 €1 Ex foelicissima tua murani Academia 
 uirtuti la posteritati Datum. 
 FINIS. 
 €1 Impressum Venetiis per theodorum de ragazonibus 
 de asula dictum bresanii. C Anno domini. M.CCCC. 
 LXXXXV. Die. iiii. septembris. 
 Rcgistrum. 
 abcdefghiklmnopq. 
 CTuti sono quaderni excepto. q. chie quinterno. 
 
 There is nothing in the authorities referred to by Panzer, vol. iii. 
 p. 375, worth submitting to the reader's notice. The present is a 
 crept copy ; in red morocco binding.
 
 156 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Femcej 1500. 
 
 302. Lucretius. Prmted hy Aldus. Venice. 
 1500. Quarto. 
 
 It could not have been from respect to the intrinsic merit of this 
 edition, that Freytag, in his Adparat. Literar. vol. i. p. 99, was induced 
 to give so copious a description of it : yet, on account of its beauty 
 and rarity, it cannot fail of being received into the cabinets of the cu- 
 rious. The present is, indeed, a most desirable copy : — presenting us, 
 on the recto of the first leaf, vs^ith the following title, nearly in the 
 centre of the page, 
 
 T. LVCRETII CARI, LIBRI SEX NV 
 PER EMENDATI. 
 
 On the reverse we read the address of Aldus ' Alberto Pio Carporum 
 principi.' This address begins, like many others, with an abuse of the 
 incorrectness of previous impressions (the first edition, of course, ex- 
 cepted), in the following terms : ' Nam qui ante Ipressus habetur in 
 manibus, adeo est mendosus, ac mutilatus, ut paucis I locis queat in- 
 telligi.' Aldus continues thus : ' Noster uero sic emedatus, et integer 
 prodit in uulgQ, ut perpauca castigatioe indigeat.' How little the 
 result accorded with the assertion of Aldus, is well known to the 
 learned ; for this impression exhibits errors which only serve to prove 
 how very inferior the editor of it, Avancius, was to the editor of the 
 succeeding Aldine impression of 1515. Nor may it be immaterial here 
 to remark, that Maittaire, Fabricius, and De Bure, have all erred in 
 assigning to Avancius the editing of the Verona impression of 1486. 
 
 On the recto of the second leaf, sign. 2, is the address of Avancius 
 to Valerius Supercliius, terminating on the recto of sign. 3, and dated 
 March 1499. On the reverse of this leaf, is another address of Avan- 
 cius, 'bonarum litterarura studiosis, &c. :' — concluding on the reverse 
 of the 4th leaf, and followed by the contents, or arguments of the 
 several books : which latter terminate on the recto of the 6th. On 
 the reverse is some brief account of the family and life of Lucretius, 
 The text of the poet begins on the recto of the following leaf, sign. 
 a. — with the prefix in capitals :
 
 renice; 1472.] MACROBIUS. 157 
 
 Eneatlum genitrix homl^ 
 nunij diuuinque uoluptas 
 alma Vcnus^ caeli subter la 
 bentia signa 
 
 qua? mare nauigerum, quaj 
 terras frugiferenteis 
 concelebras, per le quoni 
 am genus omne animantum 
 
 concipitur^ uisit que exortura lumina Solis, 
 
 te Dea te fugiunt uentij te nubila caeli^ 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 37 lines. The signatures, a to n, are in eights (k 
 being a capital letter) ; n has only six. On the reverse of n v. the 
 poem concludes with a pompous subscription of Avancius, thus : 
 
 Finis. 
 Hieronymi Auancii Veronensis ingenio et labore. 
 
 In the centre of the recto of n vj we read as follows : 
 
 Venetiisj accuratiss. Apud Aldu^ mense Decern. M.D 
 
 Non licet sic alteri cuiqua sine multa^ in Oris Venetis. 
 
 a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. k. 1. m. n. 
 
 Quaterniones omnes. n. ternione excepto 
 
 On a reference to Renouard, there appears to be nothing to add to the 
 foregoing description : L'lmprbn. des Aide, vol. i. p. 32. The reader 
 may also consult the Introd. tu the Classics, vol. ii. p. 62. The present 
 beautiful copy is bound in blue morocco, by Roger Payne. 
 
 303. Macrobius. Opera. Printed bt/ Jenson, 
 Venice. 1472. Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps. There are few books more interesting to the 
 scholar and bibliographer, than the earliest impressions, even of frag- 
 ments, of popular works ; and it is not a little provoking to find a vo- 
 lume, like the present, which contains the first printed texts of parta
 
 158 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iFenkes 1472. 
 
 of Homer and Lucretius, described in a cold and superficial manner 
 by the most esteemed bibliographers. Mittarelli and Fossi must how- 
 ever be excepted: especially the latter. The former is brief but 
 emphatic : ' Editio (says he) turn ob chartam, cum ob characteres optima 
 et princeps. Lacunae indicant figuras, et aliquot verba Graeca, quae locum 
 implere debebant ; characteres vero Graeci, qui insunt, egregies ignantur ; 
 naiTi non omnes desunt.' ^pp. Cod. Sec. XV. Impress, col. 25G. This 
 observation is just; the Greek characters of Jenson, which are here 
 more frequent than in the Aulus Gellius of 1472 (see vol. i. p. 269), 
 make us regret that we have not an entire Greek volume from the 
 matchless press of that printer. Fossi is particular although not copious ; 
 justly praising the beauty of the paper and type. Like La Serna Sant- 
 ander and Brunet, he concludes the impression to be very rare, on 
 the authority of De Bure : Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 113-4. The 
 two former are the mere copyists of De Bure ; who is sufficiently 
 unsatisfactory, but who says that the edition is * une des plus difficiles 
 a trouver de la classe des premieres imj)ressions :' Bibl. Instruct, vol. iv. 
 p. 194-6: Diet Bibliogr Choisi, vol. iii. p. 132: Manuel du Libraire, 
 vol. ii. p. 82. Brunet is incorrect in his specification of the nuinber of 
 leaves; which are 166 (as Fossi observes), and not 116. Fabricius and 
 Ernesti were ignorant of the existence of tlie impi'ession ; and even 
 Sardini seems to depend upon preceding authorities : Storia Critica di 
 Nicolao Jenson Opera. Libr. iii. p, 24-5. Harwood, Boni, and Gamba 
 are too superficial for reference : but Count Reviczky, in his ms. me- 
 moranda has bestowed a merited castigation upon the gross blunder 
 committed by the Editors of the Bipont edition, in confidently affirm- 
 ing that the first impression of Macrobius was printed by Sweynheym 
 and Pannartz in 1468, under the editorial care of the Bishop of 
 Aleria ! — ' They contend (says the Count) that this point is settled 
 beyond controversy* — yet they are willing to admit that no such im- 
 pression is to be found in the memorable supplicatory epistle of these 
 printers!' see vol. i. p. 160-1. It remains to give a comparatively 
 fall account of this interesting volume. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the commencement of the 
 ' Somnium Scipionis,' thus : 
 
 * Count Reviczky thus mentions the probable cause of theerror. 'Error videtur fluxisse 
 ex pncfatione lo. Andreae Aleriens. Episc. &c. ad Gellium anno 1468, ubi occasione 
 hujus editionis innuit se non latina tantum GellU recognovisse sed et grieca — ' in Aulo, 
 Macrobio, Apuleio,' — &c. perquisivisse atque indagasse — ex quibus non sequitur eum 
 omnes hos Scriplores revera edidisse, &c.'
 
 Fenice; 1472.] MACROBIUS. 159 
 
 SOMNIVM SCIPIONIS EX CICERONIS 
 LIBRO DE REPVBLICA EXCERPTVM. 
 
 VM IN AFRICAM VENISSEM A MAN/ 
 
 Ho consule ad quartam legionem tribunus (iit 
 scitis) militum : nihil fuit potius : (| ut Mas/ 
 sinissam conuenirem regem familias nostrae ius/ 
 tis dc causis amicissimuin. Ad quern ut ueni ; 
 complexus me senex collachrymauit aliquato. 
 kc. 8cc. fee. 
 
 A full page contains 40 lines. The above Opusculum concludes at 
 the bottom of the recto of the 3d leaf. On the reverse commences the 
 Exposition or Commentary upon the same, by Macrobius ; which con- 
 cludes on the recto of the 47th leaf ; having the conclusion specified 
 in four lines of Roman capital letters. The reverse is blank. The 
 recto of the ensuing leaf presents us vv^ith the beginning of the 1st 
 book of the Saturnalia. The vth book contains numerous extracts 
 from Homer and Virgil. The following well-known passage is a 
 specimen of the first printed text of Homer: 
 
 voii fjicc rods (rycrjoTTpov. to fxBv ouTsroTe (pvXka. ycoii 'o^ov; 
 
 (pu(r(ret : bttsio'^ uTpuTcx, to ju^f ev opicri XeXoizjev 
 
 oud oivaQyi Xijcrst : «rept <yix.p pocl ')(a,'Ky.o(r £Xe\j/8 
 
 (pbXXa T6 y(.ct.i (pXoiov. vvv ccvts f^iv ui&cr ax^^^v 
 
 ev ■zssiXoc^yio' (popioucri ^eKxcTTroXot oits ^ZfJLigucr 
 
 ■ujpc(r Aiocr lipvocToci. o de toi fjLiya. e(r(reTcci opKo<r. 
 
 Vt sceptrum hoc (dextra sceptrum nam forte gerebat) 
 
 Nuni] fronde leui fundet uirgulta iieq; uinbram ; 
 
 Cum semel in siluis uno de stirpe recisum 
 
 Matre caret : posuitq; comas 8c bracchia ferro : 
 
 Olim arbos nunc artificis nianus a^re decoro 
 
 Inclusit : patiibusq; dedit gestare latinis. 
 
 Three leaves beyond, we have a celebrated line from Virgil thus 
 corruptly printed : 
 
 Ter conatus sibi coUo dare brachia circum :
 
 160 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Few/ce; M72. 
 
 From the ist to the vith book of the Saturnalia, the number of the 
 books, in the respective head titles, are not specified. To the^ vith 
 book, the number (sixtus) is regularly prefixed. In the beginning of 
 this book, Macrobius tells us how AiFranius avowedly stole from 
 Menander; and he defends Virgil for similar palpable thefts from 
 Homer. He adduces, also, numerous instances of the closest imitation, 
 not to say verbal copying, of Virgil from Ennius. There are many 
 lacuncE in the text of tliis vith book ; but the following parallel pas- 
 sages (as the latter presents us with the first printed text, with a date, 
 of the poet there quoted,) cannot fail to be acceptable to the curious : 
 
 At secura quies &: nescia fallere uita 
 Diues opum uariarum : at latis ocia fundis : 
 Speluncae uiuiq; lacus : at frigida tempe : 
 Mugitusq; bourn mollesq; sub arbore somni. 
 Non absunt illic saltus ac lustra ferarum : 
 Et patiens operum paruoq; assueta iuuentus. 
 
 Lucretius in . ii. 
 Si non aurea sunt iuuenum simulacra per asdes 
 Lampadas igniferas manibus retinentia dextris : 
 Lumina nocturnis epulis ut suppeditentur : 
 Nee domus argento fulgens auroq; renidens : 
 Nee citharam reboant laqueata aurataq; tempe : 
 Cum tamen inter se prostrati in gramine molli 
 Propter aquae riuum sub ramis arboris altse : 
 Nom magnis opibus iucunde corpora curat : 
 Praesertim cum tempestas arridet : k. anni 
 Tempora conspargunt uiridantis floribus herbas. 
 Non umbrae altorum nemorum non mollia possunt. 
 Prata mouere animum : non qui per saxa uolutus 
 Purior electro campum petit amnis. 
 
 Many more passages from Lucretius are printed. The vith book 
 terminates at top of the recto of the 143rd leaf. The vnth and last 
 book concludes on the reverse of the 163rd and last leaf, thus :
 
 Borne; I472.J MACROBIUS. 161 
 
 MACROBII AVRELII THEODOSII VIRI CONSV/ 
 LARIS ET ILLVSTRIS SATVRNALIORVM LIBRI IM/ 
 PRESSI VENETIIS OPERA ET IMPENSA NICOLAl 
 lENSON GALLICI. M.CCCC.LXXII. 
 
 There were copies of this first edition in the Askew, Pinelli, and 
 Crevenna collections. The present is a fair sound copy, in old red 
 morocco binding ; but, from the foregoing account, it would appear 
 to want 3 leaves. My friend Mr. Hober possesses a very fine copy, 
 which he purchased at the Roxburgh sale {Bibl. Roxburghiana, n'.6431,) 
 for a comparatively moderate sum. 
 
 304. Macrobius. Printed hy Boninus de Boninis. 
 Brescia. 1485. Folio. 
 
 The impression, although not an exact reprint of the preceding 
 Brescia edition of 1483, * contains nothing more or less than its pre- 
 cursor.' The types are the same, and the number of lines in each 
 page is the same ; but, as we are informed by AudiSredi, the width of 
 the present one being greater, the number of leaves is less ; it con- 
 taining 176, and the preceding one 190, leaves. The Greek types 
 are precisely similar; and those, in the previous impression of 14S3, 
 are the first which Audiffredi ever saw as issuing from the Brescia 
 press. Yet is this impression by no means conformable, in every par- 
 ticular, to the preceding one — ' etsi in plerisque cum antiquiore, 
 signata anno 1483, conveniat, aliam tamen omnino ab ilia esse; nee 
 suspicari licere, ne forte sola subscriptione inter se diflferant.' Edit. 
 Ital. p. 143, 147- It remains to add the commencement and colo- 
 phon. On the recto of the first leaf we read as follows : 
 
 SOMNIVM SCIPIONIS EX CICERONIS 
 LIBRO DE REPVBLICA EXCERPTVM. 
 
 VM IN APHRICAM VENISSEM A 
 
 Malio cosule ad qiiarta legioem tribunus( 
 utscitis)niilitu: nihil niihi fuitpotius: t| ut 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 VOL. II. Y
 
 162 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologna; 1474. 
 
 On the recto of A viij, at bottom, we read this colophon, 
 
 MACRO BII Aurelii Theodosii uiri cosularis 8c illustris 
 saturnalioiiB libri impressi Brixias per Boninum de Boni- 
 nis de Ragusia. M.CCCC.LXXXV. die. xv. Mail. 
 
 A register is on the reverse. The signatures riin capriciously-'— a 
 has seven : b to q, inclusively, are in sixes : r has eight — s to z, each 
 six : then Xc, o, 5?, each six : lastly, A in eight. The present is rather 
 an indifferent copy ; in calf binding. 
 
 305. Manilius et Aratus. Printed hi/ Rugerius 
 and Bertochus. Bologna. 1474. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Notwithstanding many respectable writers 
 incline to the opinion that the subsequent edition is the earliest im- 
 pression of Manilius, yet the grounds upon which that opinion is 
 formed, do not satisfy me as being solid and conclusive ; and in con- 
 formity with the opinions of Maittaire and Fossi, I assign to the 
 present impression the first printed text both of Manilius, and of the 
 version of tlie Phenomena of Aratus. That each of these authors 
 were thus printed together, at the same time, there is every reason to 
 believe. Neither De Bure, Osmont, norHarwood had seen this exceed- 
 ingly rare volume, although the former and latter both agree in giving 
 it precedency to the following. La Serna Santander seems tacitly 
 swayed by the authority of Boni and Gamba. Brunet is safe in calling 
 it the first edition with a date. We proceed to a description of it : 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, the work opens thus : 
 
 MARCI MANLII* POETAE CLARISSMI AS 
 TRONOMICON AD CAESAREM AVGVST 
 VM LIBER PRIMVS.§. 
 
 ARmine diuinas artis : 8c conscia fati 
 Sjdera diuersos holnum uariatia casus : 
 Coelestis ratiois opus : deducere mudo 
 Aggredio. primqq; nouis helicoa moue 
 Cantibus : k. uiridi nutatis uertice siluas 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 * Sic.
 
 Bologna; H74.] MANILIUS. IG3 
 
 Beueath, there are 26 lines : a full page contains 35 lines. On the 
 reverse of fol. 63 (fol. 29 being blank), the text of Manilius thus 
 concludes : 
 
 Maximus est populus summo qui culniine fertur 
 Cuius pro numcro uires iiatuia dedisset 
 Ipse suas cBther fianimas suffene nequlrct 
 Totus 8c accenso niundus flagraret oljmpo ; 
 ? FINIS? 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, is a brief account of Manilius, fol- 
 lowed by the heads of the contents of each book : the conclusion is 
 thus : 
 
 Marci manlii* niathematici libro quinto et ultimo trac 
 tatur de iniaginibus coeli et earum locis. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, at top, begin the heads of the works 
 of Aratus, thus : 
 
 ARattus* geimanici ad augustum. 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the following leaf begins the 
 Latin version of the Phenomena of Aratus, by Caesar Germanicus. 
 
 ARATHVS* GERMANICI AD AVGVSTVM 
 
 B ioue pricipium magno deduxit aratus 
 Carmis. at nob genitor tu maxius aucto 
 Te ueneio tibi sacra fero doctiq; laboris 
 Primitias. ^bat ipse deu rectorq; satorq; 
 Sec. Xcc. 8cc. 
 
 On this first page there are 16 lines or verses. Some of the pages 
 contain only 2 verses ; and on the reverse of the ISth leaf, there is 
 not a single line printed. On the reverse of the 87 th and last leaf, 
 from the beginning of the volume, we read the imprint thus : 
 
 BONONIAE BIPRESSVTSI PER ME VGONEM 
 RVGERIVM. ET DOXINVM BERTOCHVM 
 ANNO DOMIM. M. CCCCLXXIIII. DIE VIGESI 
 MA MARTIIi LAVS DEO AMENi?a. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 164 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ^Without Date. 
 
 The type of this impression is not very dissimilar to the smallest 
 roman type of Ulric Han ; especially the De Oratore of Cicero ; see 
 vol. i. p. 331-2. I am not able to refer to any authorities more 
 satisfactory than XoXheBibl. MagUabech. vol. ii. col. 143: Edit. Ital.of 
 Audiffredi, p. 28 ; where there is a reference to tlie long note (3) in 
 Maittaire's Jnnal. Typog. vol. i. p. 336 ; and where Orlandi is pro- 
 perly corrected. Panzer is unusually brief. The description of the 
 book in the Bibl. Paris, n°. 211, is, as Count Reviczky has remarked, 
 well worth consulting. The copy in the Paris collection was sold for 
 30/. 9s. The present is a large copy of this uncommon book ; which 
 has been wanting in many celebrated collections. It is in calf binding ; 
 and has a plentiful portion of ms. observations. 
 
 306. Manilius. Printed hy Regiomontanus. 
 Nuremherg. Without Date. Quarto. 
 
 In giving an account of this exceedingly rare and valuable im- 
 pression, both justice and candour require that we should, in the first 
 place, state the opinions of those respectable writers, who assign to it 
 a date anterior to that of the preceding one. Doppelmayer, in his work 
 De Norimb. Mathematicis et Jrtijicibus, 1730, p. 9, (as referred to by Er- 
 nesti and La Lande) observes that this edition was published in 1472, 
 or at latest in 1473 ; the time when, by the assistance of Bernard Walter's 
 pi'css, Regiomontanus printed Purbachius, his own Ephemerides, and 
 Calendar. Weidler, in his Hist, de V Astronom. 1741, and Bibliographia 
 Astronom. 1755, 8vo. considers it to have been printed in 1473 : but it 
 is questionable whether he ever saw it, as he describes it, in the latter 
 work, to be in a folio form. Stoeber, in the preface to his excellent 
 edition of this author. Argent. 1767, Svo. p. 9-12, is quite positive re- 
 specting the chronological priority of this impression, which he calls 
 • liber aureus.' He even criticises Fabricius for assigning to it the 
 date of 1473 ; one year later than the period in which he himself con- 
 ceives it to have been printed. Of its great intrinsic value, he is strong 
 in commendation. Count Reviczky, in his ms, addenda, does not 
 hesitate to subscribe to the opinion of Stoeber. Scheibel, notwith- 
 standing these authorities, conunences his list of astronomical publica- 
 tions with the preceding edition of 1474. La Lande, who does not 
 appear to have seen either of these editions, leaves the matter ' sub 
 judice ;' but affixes the year 1474 as the earliest period of the printing 
 of Regiomontanus. Bibliographie Astronomique , 1803, 4to. p. 9-1 1, 907-
 
 mthout Date.-] MANILIUS. 165 
 
 Thus far in regard to those writers who have more particularly 
 turned their attention to this subject of which this work treats : — and 
 it must be observed, thereupon, that the opinions pronounced by them, 
 resjjccting the date of this impression, seem chiefly conjectural. Boni 
 and Gamba afford more satisfactory intelligence. They assert, that 
 • Regiomontanus lived at Rome, as a celebrated astronomer and lite- 
 raiy cliaracter, after the middle of tlie xvth century : that he returned 
 to Nuremberg in 1470, and exercised the art of printing there : that the 
 few books, there published by him, are without date, of great rarity, 
 and are acknowledged to be anterior to 1474 — in which year he put 
 forth a small ' Avis,' or brochure, containing the list of f he books already 
 printed, and intended to be printed by him — but was then recalled 
 to Rome by Sixtus IV. to reform the Calendar; where he was after- 
 wards assassinated by the son of Theodore Gaza, in consequence of a 
 literar)' altercation.' Bibliotec. Portatile ; vol. ii. p. 129. To this it may 
 be replied, that, unless it be positively proved that in the brochure, 
 here mentioned, this very edition is specified as already executed, the 
 information is incomplete : — and where does this Avis, or brochure 
 exist? La Serna Santander repeats nearly the same matter with the 
 foregoing authors, and calls this edition ' originale, intiniment rare et 
 tr^s recherchee des curieux.' Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 222 ; 
 vol. iii. p. 140. Harwood, a little abruptly, calls this the Editio IVin- 
 ceps, and adds to it the gratuitous date of 1474. The reader will 
 draw his own conclusion : — receiving the following as a brief, but 
 correct, description of the volume itself. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf presents us with the opening of the poem, 
 thus ; having, prefixed, a large white capital letter (C) upon a black 
 groimd — veiy unusual in books of this supposed early date, 
 
 M. MANILII ASTRONOMICON. 
 
 PRIMVS 
 
 Armine diuinas artis k. co 
 scia fati 
 C Sjdera diuersos homiiiu 
 
 uariantia casus 
 Cplestis rationis opus de/ 
 ducere muudo
 
 \6G ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Naples. 
 
 Aggredior. primus q; no 
 uis helicona mouere 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 30 lines. On the reverse of the 72nd (pencil- 
 numbered) and last leaf, we have the following verses, and colophon. 
 
 Ridetur merito sciolorum insana caterua 
 Vulgo qui uatum nomina surripiunt. 
 
 Heus quicuq; uelis latia perdiscere musa 
 Sydereos nutus fallere difficiles, 
 
 Manilium sectare grauem: qui tempore diui 
 Floruit Augusti. Lector amice uale ; 
 
 Ex officina loannis de Regioraote 
 habitantis in Nuremberga oppido 
 Germanip celebratissimo 
 
 As in the preceding impression, there are neither signatures, numerals, 
 nor catchwords. The tj^pe is a small neat roman letter. The present 
 is a fair copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 307. Manilius. Printed hy Jodocus Hoensteyn. 
 Naj^les. Without Date. Quarto. 
 
 Morelli, Harwood, and Boni and Gamba, unite in acknowledging 
 the extreme rarity of this impression. ' It is little known (says the 
 second authority) to the editors of Manilius.' Count Reviczky assents 
 to this conclusion, and adds — ' Etsi de anno editionis non constet, 
 habet tamen ea antiquitatis vestigia, ut si quis ei primatum vindicare 
 contenderit, non possit redargui saltem invictis argumentis. Hinc 
 primam editionem Manilii indubie possidere volenti, hsec etiam supe- 
 riori jungenda est ;' M8. Addenda. Morelli and Denis lead us to 
 suppose it may have been printed in 1475 : but Panzer, Annal. Typog. 
 vol. iv. p. 384, mentions an edition of Horace, by the same printer, 
 said to have been executed at Naples in 1471. He quotes Giustiniani, 
 p. 65. If so (which is very doubtful), Hoensteyn may have printed 
 this work before the first named date of 1475 — the period usually 
 assigned to his earliest performance at Naples, La Serna Santander 
 has neglected to mention this rare volume.
 
 Naples.] MANILIUS. 167 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the prefix and commencement 
 of the poem as follows : 
 
 M. MANILII ASSTRONOMI 
 CON. PRIMVS. 
 
 Armine diuinas artis k. con 
 
 scia fati 
 
 Sidera diuersos Iiominum ua 
 
 riantia casus 
 
 Celestis rationis opus dedu 
 
 cere mundo 
 Aggredior. primus q; nouis helicona mouere 
 Cantibus : k. uiridi nutantis uertice siluas 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 28 lines. On the recto of fol. 78 (pencil-numbered) 
 the poem concludes, as in the first edition of 1474 ; except that, in 
 the last line, we have * sufFerte' for ' sufFerre.' Beneath, it is as follows: 
 
 M. MANILII ASTRONOMI 
 CON. FINIS. 
 
 (Here follow the verses as in the last article.) 
 
 A table ensues ; concluding on the recto of the following leaf. Then 
 the imprint, thus : 
 
 Inpressum iieapuli per. lodocum hoenstejn 
 
 Beneath, is a register. The reverse of the leaf is blank. The titles 
 to the several Books are uniformly in capital letters ; and the type 
 of the text is very clumsy. The reader may also consult Bihl. Pinell. 
 vol. ii. p. 346 ; Denis, p. 610; and Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 142. 
 The present copy, from the Pinelli collection, is rather soiled ; and 
 ii bound in blue morocco.
 
 168 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fTlthont Date, 
 
 308. Manilius. IVithout Date, Place, or Na7ne 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 In point of typograjihical elegance, this edition is much preferable 
 to eilher of the preceding ; nor should I conceive its date to be much 
 later than 1474, or 1475. On the recto of the first leaf (sign, ai — 
 though not marked) we read as follows : 
 
 Marci Manilii astronomicon liber primus incipit 
 Armine diuinas artis 8c conscia fati 
 Sjdera diuersos hominum uariantia casus: 
 Coelestis ralionis opus deducere mundo 
 Aggredior primusq; nouis helicoa mouere 
 Sec. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 28 lines. The type is full and handsome, like that 
 from the Milan, Venice, or Bologna early presses. The signatures are 
 printed in a straight line with the last line or verse ; and contain a to 
 k in eights, i being marked like 1. On the recto of k vj, it concludes 
 thus: 
 
 Marci Manilii astronomicon liber quintg 8c ultimq finit 
 
 With this impression we close the list of the early and scarce editions 
 of Manilius. Few libraries in Europe possess the four impressions 
 here specified; and few points in bibliography are attended with 
 greater doubt and difficulty in the discussion, than those connected 
 (as the reader may have perceived) with the editions here described. 
 Let us conclude with an extract from La Lande : ' 11 y a une autre 
 Edition de Manilius, in 4to, que Bentley croit plus ancienne que celle 
 de Bologne, 1474, et de Rome 1484. Maittaire, Annal. Typog. vol. i. 
 p. 753, la cite comme n'ayant point de date ni de lieu. Weidler croit 
 que c'est une contrefaction de celles de Nuremberg et de Florence ; 
 Sche.ibel ajoute, k moins qu'on ne dise que c'est tout le contraire. 
 C'est unproblfeme litt^raire'. Bibliograph. Astronom. p. 9. Well might 
 the same celebrated writer observe — in his account of the Abbe Mer- 
 cier de St. Leger — ' J'y vois combien les travaux d'un bibliographe 
 sont ^tendus et compliqu^s : c'est une classe k part, et qui est trfes-
 
 Ferrara; 1471.] MARTIAL. 16-9 
 
 peu nombreuse, parmi les gens de lettres." Idem. p. iv. note (1). It 
 remains only to observe, that the present is a very neat copy, in blue 
 morocco binding. 
 
 30.9. Martialis. Printed at Ferrara. 1471. 
 Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps ; but the ' Liber Spkctaculokum' is wanting. 
 This is one of the rarest publications of ancient classical literature. 
 De Bure, Audiflfredi, and BarufFaldi, do not appear to have ever seen it; 
 and, as well as Brunet, they only refer tbe reader to Maittaire : Annul. 
 Typog. vol. i. p. 307-8. Maittaire's account (supplied by Dr. Mead's 
 copy of tlie edition) is, it must be confessed, satisfactory as ftir as it 
 extends. A copy of it was in the I'inelli collection (Bibl. PinelL vol. ii. 
 n* 4746) ; from which collection the present one was obtained. 
 
 I have little or no hesitation in giving chronological precedence to 
 the Ferrara impression, even without the authority of Audiffredi ; who, 
 in his Edit. Rom. p. xvi. note, p. 414-1.5, assigns the date of 1472 to 
 the subsequent (and hitheito supposed earliest) edition. In the first 
 place, this impression, as is above observed, is only a partial one of the 
 works of Martial. If an anterior impression of the entire works had 
 existed, it is probable that the present woidd not have copied it in part. 
 Yet they might have been each taken from different MSS. without the 
 Ferrara printer having a knowledge of the Venetian edition : but, in 
 the second place, the editor of the ensuing impression speaks of the 
 corruption of the poet's text, as if he had been acquainted with it 
 through a different medium than that of manuscript : and as every 
 impression, succeeding (as I conceive) the ensuing one, has copied the 
 prefatory epistle of Alexandrinus, in like manner the present one, if a 
 posterior performance, would have comprehended both this epistle and 
 the * Liber Spectaculorum.' 
 
 That the Ferrara and Venetian impressions are taken from very 
 diflFerent MSS. is sufficiently palpable, on a slight perusal only of their 
 respective texts ; and it is extraordinary how Fabricius (as BarufFaldi 
 has well remarked) could have asserted the former to be a copy of the 
 latter. The text of the present is, indeed, most grossly erroneous and 
 corrupt ; and the printer, if Andreas Gallus have that honour, must 
 have been ignorant or careless in the exti'eme : for we have such 
 blunders as ' factus' for • facturus', and * secutum' for secuturuni.' 
 
 VOL. II. J
 
 170 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ferrara; 1471. 
 
 Whether an apparent MS. of Martial, in the public library at Leyden,* 
 and with the above place and date subjoined, represent similar blun- 
 ders, I cannot tell — ' il mala plura in Marziale (says Baruffaldi) fu 
 tanto, che molti ingegni anche sublimi, ed elevati, lasciando il bona 
 e il niediocria ne restaron sedotti.' Tipografia Ferrarese, p. 31. We 
 now come to a brief description of this rare and extraordinary volume. 
 On the recto of the first leaf, is the epistle of Pliny to Friscus ; having 
 this prefix : 
 
 PLINII SECVNDI EPISTOLA AD 
 CORNELIVM PRISCVM. 
 
 This epistle occupies the w hole page ; having the ten lines, which are 
 separately printed in the ensuing impression, embodied with the general 
 text ; and containing many words singularly abridged. The reverse 
 of this first leaf is blank. The prefix of Martial, concerning Cato, 
 follows, on the recto of the ensuing leaf: witlrthis title. 
 
 M. VALERII MARTIALTS EPIGRAM 
 MATON LIBER PRIMVS INCIPIT. 
 
 This prefix is most erroneously printed. The transposition of some of 
 the epigrams, and the alterations of some of the titles, clearly prove 
 the text to be printed from a difierent MS. to the one from whicn the 
 Venetian edition was executed. On the recto of the 201st and last 
 leaf, we read the following imprint : 
 
 M. VALERII MARTIALIS APOPHO 
 RETA EXPLICIT. FELICITER. LIBER 
 Xmi. FINIS. 
 
 Hie terminatur totu opus Martialis Valerii 
 Quod conliiientur in quatuordecim libris par 
 tialibus Impressum Ferrarie die secijda lulii 
 
 ANNO DOMINI. M . LXXI.f 
 
 * — ' troviamo nel Cata'ogo— (Bibl. Pub. Univ. Lug. Bat. 1716, fol. p. 267) notato un 
 Codice mano.scritto clegli Epigrarnnii di Marziale, in questi termini : ' ISIartialis M. Valerii 
 Epigraramata Feri'ariae 1471. a viro dooto conscripta.' Non e noto chi fosse il personaggio 
 dotto, die scrissc tal codice. Ma 1' occcupazion di trascriverlo di proprio pugno, pare che 
 noil potesse intra, renders! che da un Genio inchinato a favor di Marziale ; Se questo poi 
 fosse iiidizio di buono n di cattivo gusto, non e da noi, ne dell' instituto nostro il definirlo.' 
 Baruffaldi, Tipograf. Ferrar. p. 30. Baruffaldi does not supply the reference to the 
 Leyden Catalogue, as here given. 
 
 t Sic.
 
 Without Date.] MARTIAL. 171 
 
 A full page has 29 lines. The type is large but inelegant, being much 
 inferior to the production of the press of Bernardus Augustinus. 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The present 
 copy is in tender, but perfect condition, with a full margin. It is bound 
 in blue morocco. 
 
 310. Martialis. Printed hy Vindelin de Splra. 
 IVithout Date. Quarto.* 
 
 Editio Secunba ; and probably executed in the year 1472 — ac- 
 cording to the remarks submitted in the preceding article. De Bure 
 hzis briefly, but accurately, described the volume ; and justly classes it 
 among the very rare impressions of classical authors in the XVth cen- 
 tury. We may be more particular in the description of it. On the 
 reverse of the first leaf there is this prefix : 
 
 Plinii Secundi Epistola ad Corneliu priscu. 
 
 This epistle contains 31 lines, of which 10 are brief ones. On the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf we read the first Epigram, thus : 
 
 In Aniphitheatrum Caesaris. 
 
 ARBARA PYiamidu 
 sileat miracula meniphis 
 b Assiduus iactet: necbabj^ 
 
 lona labor. 
 Nee triuiae templo molles 
 
 laudentur honores 
 Dissimuletque dcum corni^ 
 bus ara frequens. 
 Acre nee in uaeuo pendentia niausolea 
 
 Laudibus immodicis cares in astra ferant. 
 Oranis e^sareo eedat labor amphilheatro. 
 Vnum pro eunetis fama loquatur opus. 
 
 On the reverse of the 179th leaf (pencil-numbered, in the present 
 copy), at bottom, we read the last lines of the poet : 
 
 • Apparently a Folio ; but the water-marks are horizontal.
 
 172 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [JRomc ; 1474. 
 
 Surgite iam uendit pueris ientacula pistor 
 Cristatp q; sonant undique lucis aues. 
 
 Then follows the letter from Georgius Alexandrinus to Angelus 
 Adrian ; the material parts of which are faithfully extracted by Mait- 
 taire, vol. i. 308, note. It is from a careful perusal of this epistle, that 
 I incline to the opinion that a previous impression of Martial had been 
 published ; and, if so, it must have been the preceding one. A life of 
 the poet follows this epistle : in the whole, 3 pages. On the reverse 
 of fol. 181, and last, at top, we read as follows : 
 
 Raphael Zouenzonius Ister. Vindelino spjresi ob 
 eius incredibilem impriniendi solertiam. D. D. 
 
 Consumatissimus ille maitialis 
 Impressus digitis uidelianis. 
 Hie est : hie lepidus facetiarum 
 Princeps : 8c salis attici : latinique. 
 Himc hunc lector emas : tibi futurum 
 Prpclarum comitem domi forisque 
 Istri consilio tui poetae. 
 
 A full page of text contains 32 lines. The reader may be pleased 
 to consult the various authorities referred to in the Introd. to the Classics, 
 vol. ii. p. 80. Fossi, as usual, is correct and particular. The present 
 is a fine copy, in red morocco binding : exhibiting one of the most 
 perfect specimens of the elegance of the Spika Press. 
 
 311. Calderinus in Martialem. Printed hy 
 Gensherg. Rome. 1474. Folio. 
 
 First impression of the Commentaries of Calderinus ; and con- 
 sidered to be much more rare and estimable than either of the 
 editions printed at Venice, in the same year : the ensuing one by I. de 
 Colonia, and the other by J. de Rubeus. It was by pure accident that 
 the present description, upon comparison, was found to be nearly 
 precisely similar to that given by Audiffredi in his Edit. Rom. p. 156 : 
 whose account, it must be confessed, is greatly superior to the one in the
 
 Rome; 1 1;^-] MARTIAL. 173 
 
 Bibl. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 369-370 ; but to which latter, exclusively, 
 Laire (Index. Lihror. vol. i. 343-4) has thought fit to refer the reader. 
 The Crevenna Catalogue, {Bill. Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 167, n\ 4084) 
 with better judgment, reminds us of Audifiredi's more perfect descrip- 
 tion of the volume. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the opening, thus : 
 
 OMITIVS calderinus lohanni francisco Lo 
 d doiiici principis iiiantuani filio SaUiteiii. non 
 fuissent tot cxemplis editi commentarii iiostii 
 kc. kc. kc. 
 
 This epistle concludes in the following manner. 
 
 Lauretii causa suscepti sunt hi commentarii Lau 
 
 rentio dicati Laurentii est Domitius uale. 
 
 .Domitius in uolunien dicatum laurentio. 
 
 Odisti uigiles liber lucernas. 
 
 Et signuni calami seuerioris. 
 
 Clarus conspicue nitore uestis 
 
 Egressiis foribus tumens uagaris. 
 
 Nee turbe metuis subire nasum. 
 
 Docto que potuit placere SjUe. 
 
 Sed currunt pueri salariorum. 
 
 Istas qui lacerent tibi lacernas. 
 
 Et tliynnis faciant nouos cucullos. 
 
 Quid demum trepidus redire tentas. 
 
 Clausa est ianua. lam liber ualebis. 
 
 This epistle concludes on the recto of the second leaf. On the 
 recto of the third, begins the epistolary address to Lorenzo de Medic 
 having the title in six lines of capital letters. This second epistle 
 comprehends 6 pages, and a part of the 7th. We have, next, a life of 
 Martial, in 2 pages, by Calderinus ; then another address to Lor. de 
 Medici, in one page. The reverse of this leaf is blank ; and the en- 
 suing leaf is wholly blank. These introductory pieces comprehend 8 
 leaves : including the blank leaf. On the recto of fol. 9 commences
 
 174 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fbrnce ; 1475. 
 
 the commentary, with the first Epigram ' Barbara Pyramidum' — 
 Like the Commentaries of this period, only a part of each verse, com- 
 mented upon, is printed. On the reverse of the last leaf but one, we 
 read the colophon (which succeeds two controversial epistles of the 
 commentator) as follows ; 
 
 Domitii calderini ueronensis commentarii in .M. Valeriu j 
 martialem. cum defensione finiunt. Impressi rome per ma 
 o-istrum lohanncm gensberg; auspicio et fauore excel lent,; 
 domiui iohannis Aloisii tuscani de mediolano aduocati co 
 cistorialis.anosalutis. M.cccc.lxxiiii. dieueromartis.xxii. 
 mensis martii sedente sixto. iiii. pontifice maximo. 
 
 On the recto of the following and last leaf, we have an epigram of 
 M. Lucidus Phosphorus (' quod est nomen academicum M. Lucii Pacini' 
 —•says Audiffredi) ; in which however there is nothing sufficiently 
 luminous to extiact. The preceding epistles of Calderinus are worth 
 perusing ; as they betray the bitter jealousy between their author and 
 Nicolaus Perottus, who, at the same time with Calderinus, gave lec- 
 tures upon Martial. Mr. Roscoe has noticed the labours of the latter 
 Commentator in his Lorenzo de Medici, vol. ii. p. 92. 
 
 The present is a very fine copy of this desirable impression ; having 
 many rough fore-edges. Jt is magnificently bound in blue morocco. 
 
 312. Calderinus in Martialem. Printed hy 
 J. de Colonia. Veyiice. 1474. Folio. 
 
 The arrangement of the matter is in this edition precisely the same 
 as in the precedmg one ; although a difference of typography, much 
 to the advantage of the present one, is immediately observable. The 
 signatures run from a to x, inclusively, in tens : then sign. 3 in 
 ten : afterwards aa in eight ; bb, six ; cc, ten ; dd, eight ; ee, ten ; 
 f f, eight ; and, lastly, gg twelve. On the recto of ^s^ xij, we read 
 the colophon, and the verses of Phosphorus. The former is thus : 
 
 Domitii calderini ueronesis cometarii i. M. Valeriu Martialq 
 cQ defesioe finiut : Impssi Venetiis opa 8c ipedio Iohannis de 
 ColoniaAgripinesi: *at Johanis mathen de Gerretze : ^ unafi^ 
 
 * Sic
 
 TVithout Date.] MAll'ilAL. 175 
 
 deliter degetes : eosde ipssores ad hoc duxerut Anno salut! M. 
 cccc.lxxiiii. M. Lucidi pliospliori Epigranima. 
 
 (Then follows the Epigram.) 
 
 The present is a beautiful copy in red morocco binding. 
 
 313. Marti ALTS. Printed bt/ 1, de Colonia. Venice. 
 1475. Folio. 
 
 There is no necessity to give a copious description of the present im- 
 pression ; since it is, in all probability, a mere reprint of the first 
 V^enetian impression, by Vindelin de Spira. On the reverse of the 
 first leaf (sign, a i,) we read the epistle of Pliny to Cornelius Priscus, 
 as before. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, a 2, we have this prefix 
 to the first epigram in the * Liber Spectaculorum :' 
 
 M. Valerii Martialis Epigramatum opus 
 In Ampliitheatrum Caesaris. 
 
 The text seems to be a mere transcript of the preceding impression, 
 and the press work is nearly in the same form. The signatures, from 
 a to r, run in tens. On the recto of r viij, the text concludes as 
 before, and the same epistle of Alexandrinus begins : on the reverse 
 of r. ix, we read the imprint, thus : 
 
 Impressum Venetiis Impensis loannis de CoIo/ 
 
 nia : sociiq; eius loannis manthen de Ghenetze:^. 
 
 . M.cccc.lxxv- 
 
 The reader may see a few catalogue-references in the Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii. p. 81. The present is an extremely beautiful, and large 
 margined, copy. It is in old red morocco (Harleian) binding. 
 
 314. Martialis. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This impression is evidently the same as that which Maittaire 
 (Annul. Tijpog. vol. i. p. 767,) briefly describes as printed * in a small 
 and neat roraan character, the register occupying the first page :' but
 
 176 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 he is erroneous in calling it a folio. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 we have a full page of register : on the reverse, is the epistle of Pliny 
 to Priscus, as before. The entire volume is a mere reprint of the 
 preceding impression — page for page, and line for line : but there are 
 some gross blunders of pagination which require to be pointed out to 
 the reader's attention* — especially as the edition is without signatures, 
 numerals, and catchwords. Thus, after fol. 29, comes fol. 70, running 
 regularly to fol. 107 ; then, instead of fol. 30, according to the text, 
 comes fol. 63, which extends to fol. 68 inclusively : we have, next, 
 folios 108, 109, and 110: afterwards, fol. 31, extending to 38 regular 
 leaves, or to fol. 69; then succeed folios 69 and 70, then fol. 110: 
 the remainder of the leaves are regularly worked ; from which we 
 find that the impression contains 187 leaves. The text of Martial 
 terminates with the word FINIS beneath. I suspect that the epistle 
 of Alexandrinus should follow ; but it is wanting in this copy. 
 
 The present is rather a large copy, but the leaves have a soiled aspect. 
 It is well bound in blue morocco. The date of 14/2 seems to be 
 gratuitously inscribed upon the back of the binding ; but I should 
 think the work was printed before the year 1474. 
 
 315. Martialis. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf we read, as in the preceding im- 
 pression, the letter of Pliny to Priscus. On the recto of the ensuing 
 Jeaf, at top, is the prefix thus: 
 
 a^. tiaakrij St^artiali^Bf (JBpigramato HiBet pm9 
 %n ^Umpjjitljcatnim Car^ari^* 
 
 This leaf should be sign, a 2, as the following one is a j. The signa- 
 tures, from a to s, are in eights : s has ten leaves. It is singular that 
 the addrees and the epigram concerning Cato, should be printed, by 
 transposition, on the reverse of s .5. The text concludes on the reverse 
 of s X. We have, afterwards, two leaves without signatures : these 
 
 • It is, however, very probable that the paginary transpositions in the present copy, ar« 
 the effect of the binder's ignorance, or want of atteation.
 
 Aldus; Venice.^ MUS^US. I77 
 
 contain a life of Martial by Calderinus. This impression is executed 
 in a small Gothic type ; and if it be the same as that which is noticed 
 by Maittaire, vol. i. p. 76'7, it would appear to have been executed by 
 Johnde Westphalia. I am however doubtful upon this point; although 
 it may be confidently asserted that Vindelin de Spira never printed 
 the edition — as Morelli would seem to indicate, iu the Bibl. Pinell. 
 vol. ii. p. 348, n*. 4748. 
 
 The present is a beautiful copy, in red morocco binding. It is ques- 
 tionable whether Panzer ever saw either of the two editions here last 
 described. 
 
 316. MuSiEUS. Gr. et Lat. Printed hy Aldus. 
 Venice. IVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. It is generally allowed that the present im- 
 pression preceded the one here subsequently described ; and the date 
 of it may probably be fixed within the year 1494. There are yet some 
 difficulties to reconcile in regard to its priority, or otherwise, to the 
 Grammar of Lascaris — published in March 1495, and by some con- 
 sidered as the earliest production of the Aldine Press. We may state 
 the chief points on each side of the question. 
 
 In the beginning of the preface to the present work, (the whole of 
 which preface may be seen extracted in Maittaire, vol. i. p. 70) Aldus 
 thus observes : 
 
 MOT2ATON Tov TraXuloTorov ttoojt^v i^^eArjcra 
 vpooifLUz^siv T«j re A!fis'OTsKsi, xai twv (TOfoov reTcr 
 BTSpoii auTJxa Si lj«.oy hlu7rcu(T0[jicV0ig &C. 
 
 Upon which Maittaire remarks, ' there can be no doubt that this 
 impression preceded the Organon of Aristotle, which was printed in 
 1495.' Orlandi is of the same opinion, and places the present work 
 in the year 1494, and as the first in the list of Aldine publications; 
 Origin, e Progress, delta Slampa, p. 56. On the other hand we are in- 
 formed by Aldus himself, in his first preface to the Grammatical 
 Institutes of Lascaris, 1495, that this latter work is to be considered 
 by the public ' quasi preeludiinn summis nostris laboribus ;' and Car- 
 dinal Quirini, in a long and erudite letter to Saxius, which is appendi-d 
 to the Notit. Hint. Lit. Tijpog. Mediol. (col. 7), contends that the ob- 
 servation of Aldus, contained in the preface of Musaeus, must be coii- 
 
 VOL. II. A a
 
 178 ANCIENT CLASSICS. lAUlus ; 
 
 sidered with reference to the appearance of that work before the entire 
 impression of Aristotle was executed ; so that this would assign the 
 date of 1498 to the Musaeus. Renouard gets rid of the question by 
 supposing that the Lascaris was in the press before the Musaeus ; but that 
 the Musaeus was ^rs</)M6Zw/iedI. He gives no bibliographical descrip- 
 tion (as far as I can discover) of the present work, in his first volume; 
 and says in the second, p. 9, ' II [Aide] ddbuta par le petit poeme de 
 Musee, qu'il publia en grec et latin, in 4to. sans date, mais indubita- 
 blement en 1494.' In his third volume no further notice is taken of 
 the work. Harles, who briefly mentions these apparent discrepancies, 
 says of Quirini's remarks — ' Enimuero argutiae mihi hae esse viden- 
 tur :' — and indeed Quirini himself seems glad to escape from such 
 niceties : ' De tot tantisque ambagibus parum et ipse sollicitus, imo 
 eas declinandas autumans, ut libero pede iter meum conficiam, &c.* 
 Fabric. Bihl. Grcec. vol. i. p. 127 : Quirin. Epist. ibid. Let us therefore, 
 from courtesy, affirm the present to be the first publication from 
 THE Aldinb Press; and as such, its value will not fail to be very 
 considerable with the curious collector. 
 
 On the i-ecto of the first leaf, we read the title as follows : 
 
 M-Ovcalov TTOOjjaaTJOV to. xoi^Yjpoo xa) Aiavdpov o Sij ku) hg 
 
 T^V f>CtilJi,aiu)V hlx\SXTOV CCllTOXs^s) lUiTiti- 
 
 Musaei opusculum de Heroiie k. 
 
 LeandrOj quod 8c in latinam 
 
 linguam ad uer^ 
 
 bum trala^ 
 
 turn 
 
 est 
 
 On the reverse, there is an admonition to the reader to supply two 
 omitted verses ; from which we gather that this leaf was printed sub- 
 sequently to the body of the text. Beneath this admonition, there is 
 an epitaph upon Musaeus, in the Greek and Latin languages. On the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf, sign. «, is the preface of Aldus, addressed 
 * Toif (TTTOuSajoij euTrpoiTlsiv :' on the reverse, are eighteen Greek verses 
 of Marcus Musurus. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, « n, com- 
 mences the text of the poet, according to the fac-simile, beneath this 
 title :
 
 Foiice.] MUS^US. 179-' 
 
 MOT^AIOY TA' KAT H'PI2^ KAr AE'ANAPON. 
 
 illE ©ioc Xf vQ/icoy i'sn/iA.ccffv^cc 
 
 This fac-siinile — while it is interesting as exhibiting the earliest 
 typographical effort of Aldus in Greek poetry, and while it may re- 
 mind the collector, of the Greek types of Oxford and Cambridge 
 about the middle of the eighteenth century — (which seem to have 
 been modelled after it) — does not, it must be owned, present us with 
 such beautiful and legible forms of Greek type, as are those used by 
 Jenson in the Aulus Gellius and Macrobius. The compliment, there- 
 fore, paid by Maittaire to Aldus, concerning the beauty of his Greek 
 typography, must be received with many grains of allowance. See 
 Annal. Typog. vol. i, p. 71. But the present is not the place to pursue 
 this subject ; and leaving the reader to open the Bibl. Vaticana of 
 Roccha, at pages 412, 41.'i, (where there is a most interesting notice 
 of Aldus) we continue the description of the present volume. 
 
 The Greek text of Musaeus, on the reverse of the 11th leaf from 
 the commencement of the volume, concludes thus ; 
 
 TE'AO^. 
 
 rrPA'<|)H E"^^ E'NETI'A^ AAOA'- 
 
 NHi KAI' AEHIO'THTI A'A- 
 
 AOY TOT *IAE'>VAH- 
 
 NOS KAr ?a- 
 
 MAI- 
 
 , OY. 
 
 ©Efli AO'- 
 
 SA.
 
 180 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Aldus ; Venice, 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, sign, b, we have the Latin version 
 of the Greek verses of Marcus Musurus, noticed as being on the re- 
 verse of the second leaf. On the reverse, commences the version of 
 the Greek poem ; which, at the 9th and 10th pages, is mterrupted by 
 some Greek and Latin verses of Antipater, above two very curious 
 wood-cuts, each page having one cut. The local scenery in these two 
 cuts is the same. Part of the one, representing Hero upon the tower 
 — and a part of the other, representing the same personage, leaping 
 from the wmdow of the tower — is strictly as follows : 
 
 In both cuts Leander is swimming across the Hellespont ; but in 
 the latter, beneath the tower, he also lies dead upon the shore. The 
 version of the poem continues on the reverse of fol. 17, and occupies 
 the ten following pages. At the end, and on the recto of the 22nd 
 and last leaf, we read the word ' finis.' The reverse is blank. It is 
 justly observed by Renouard that the roman type, in this version, is 
 much inferior in beauty to what was used by Aldus in Cardina 
 Bembo's treatise, entitled ' De ^tna.' 
 
 The present may almost be called a matchless copy of this very rare 
 and interestmg little volume. It is bound in red morocco.
 
 Alopa.-\ MUS^US. 181 
 
 317. Mus^us. Gr. LiTERis Capitalibus Im- 
 PRESSUS. Quarto. 
 
 This is the second edition of Musaeus, and is considered to be the 
 last work which issued from the press of Franciscus de Alopa, the 
 pruiter of it, towards the close of the xvth century. It commences 
 on the reverse of the last leaf of the rNr2MAI MONOSTlXOl (also 
 printed in capital letters — vide post) as follows : 
 
 MOTSAIOT TA KA0HPfl 
 
 KAI AEANAPON. 
 
 inE' 0EA' KPT4>l'i2N E'niMA'PTT^ 
 PA ArXNON E"P12'TX2N 
 KAI' NrxiON nAUTHPA ©AAA^- 
 SOnO'PON TWIENAI'-QN. 
 KAr TAMON A KATO'ENTA, TO N O'^TKrAEN A'<I>OITO:S H'f2'S. 
 KAI' 2H5T0'N KAr A BTAOX, COHi TAMOS E'NXTKOS H'POTS, 
 
 &c. &c. &t. 
 
 Beneath, there are fourteen verses ; a full page containing 29 lines 
 or verses. The poem occupies the 6 following leaves ; concluding on 
 the reverse of sign, c 11 from the beginning of the Gnomologia: a 
 and b being in eights. The two concluding verses, and the sub- 
 scription, are thus : 
 
 KAAA'HTil' 'TE'0NHKE STN0.\.\TME'Nf2i nAPAKO'ITHi. 
 'AAAH'AON A'A'nO'NANTO KAI' EN nTMA'TXli DEP O'AE'0PI2i. 
 
 T 
 
 E 
 
 A 
 
 O 
 
 S. 
 
 Roever, in the preface of his edition of Musaeus, informs us that 
 this publication is taken from a much better MS. than the preceding 
 one by Aldus ; and Harles supposes it to have been the basis of almost 
 every subsequent critical impression. Fabr. Bihl. GrcEc. vol. i. p. 127. 
 The reader may consult Maittaire, vol. i. p. 101-5, concerning the 
 labours of Alopa,- which deserve, it must be confessed, to become
 
 182 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iFenice; 1471. 
 
 better known to the public by a more interesting description of them. 
 Copies of this impression were in the Askew and Crevenna collections : 
 see Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 88. The present is a large and 
 beautiful one, in red morocco binding. 
 
 318. Nepos (Cornelius). Printed hy Jenson. 
 Venice. 1471. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps ; and published under the name of uEmilius 
 Probus. We will first particularly describe this rare and estimable 
 production of Jenson's press. On the recto of the first leaf, here illu- 
 minated by an ancient hand, we read as follows : 
 
 AEMILII PROBI VIRI CLARISSIMI DE VITA 
 EXCELLENTIVM LIBER INCIPIT FELICITER. 
 
 ON DVBITO FORE PLerosque 
 Attice q^ hoc genus scripturae leue : 8c 
 no satis dignum summorum uirorii 
 personis iudicent : cum relatu legent 
 quis rausicam docueiit Epaminuda ; 
 aut in eius uirtutibus commemorati 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are 23 lines beneath ; and a full page contains 32 lines. The 
 impression concludes on the recto of the 51st and last leaf, thus : 
 
 Sed nos tempus 
 est huius libri facere finem : 8c romanorum explicare 
 imperatores : quofacilius collatis utrorumq; factis qui 
 uiri praferendi sint possit iudicari. 
 
 PROBI AEMILII DE YIRORVM EXCELLEN. 
 TIVM VITA PER. M. NICOLAVM lENSON 
 VENETIIS OPVS FOELICITER IMPRESSVM 
 EST ANNO A CHRISTI INCARNATIONE. 
 M.CCCC.LXXI. VIII. IDVS MARTIAS,
 
 Colle; 1478.] OPPIAN. 183 
 
 Like most books of this period, there are neither numerals, signa- 
 tures, nor catchwords. In subjoining a few bibliographical observa- 
 tions, I must be permitted to avail myself of my former labours. 
 ' This is a very scarce and curious edition, and has always been trea- 
 sured in the ibraries of the learned. De Bure, Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. vi. 
 n°. 609*2, observes, that another Venetian edition, of the date of 1473, 
 has been mentioned by bibliographers ; but in the existence of which 
 he has no belief. It must be remarked that Maittaire, vol. i. p. 326, 
 and Panzer, vol. iii. p. 99, both notice this second Venetian edition ; 
 and refer to Ernesti, Bill. Lat. vol. i. p. 103 — where it is observed that 
 one Savaro made use of this very impression. Notwithstanding tliis 
 observation, which seems only cursorily made, without reference to a 
 single library — in support of the existence of this second Venetian im- 
 pression — I doubt whether such an edition exists ; particularly as I 
 have not been able to trace a vestige of it in the bibliographical works 
 and catalogues that 1 have consulted. This Editio Princeps is praised 
 by Fabricius and Maittaire, but it does not appear to have been accu- 
 rately examined till the Vulpii and Fischer very carefully collated it. 
 Edit. Bipont. Notit. Liter, p. xxv. According to Harles, it was col- 
 lated by Longolius, for his edition of 1543. For a further account of 
 it, consult the last mentioned authority.' Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. 
 p. 91-2. Sardini says the volume contains 56 leaves; but he is in 
 error. Yet he properly describes it as a Quarto. Storia Critica di 
 Nicolao Jenson ; lib. iii. p. 14. The present copy is large, but not free 
 from stain. It affords a fine specimen of the paper of the XVth 
 century. In red morocco binding. 
 
 319. Oppianus. De Piscatu. Printed by Bonus 
 Gallus. Colle. 1478. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Latine. Before we describe this volume, which 
 is of uncommon occurrence, we may correct an error of Orlandi (that 
 has crept into subsequent publications) respecting a supposed earlier 
 edition of the date of 1471. This error will be found at p. 125, and 
 p. 374 (not. p. 429, as Panzer refers to it) in the Orig. e Progress, della 
 Stampa: Sfc. but it had been noticed by a strong doubt expressed of the 
 existence of such edition by Maittaire, in vol. i. p. 319, note I ; which 
 seems to have escaped Panzer. Marchand, in his Hist, de I'Imprim. 
 p. 59, has inserted the same supposititious edition of 1471 : for which 
 he has been corrected by Panzer: vol. i. 273. Laire, Index Libror.
 
 184 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Collej 1478. 
 
 vol. 447, refers only to the Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. ii. p. 39^-3 : where the 
 description of this impression is so brief, that it is questionable whether 
 De Bure ever saw it. We now proceed to describe the volume. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf commences the dedication of the work, 
 by the translator, Lippius, to Lorenzo de Medici ; which concludes on 
 the reverse of the same leaf. Beneath, begins the poetical proheme 
 of the translator ; terminating on the reverse of the 2d leaf. The 
 Arguments of the woik are beneath; and the version commences 
 on the recto of the ensuing leaf, on sign, a j, thus : 
 
 3!iefper^aj^ ponti gcnte^ atit^q^ natantum 
 ti ^quamigcra^ almae uatiu Qtnu^ apljitriitCj^ 
 ^ntoninac canam rcnim cui fumma potEjafta.i^ : 
 <auaeq5 procdlojsfijef tjabitant ^nh fluctiBusr alti : 
 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The Version of the poem terminates on the recto of |) 2 in eights. 
 On the reverse, commence the ' Distica' of the Translator, addressed 
 to Lorenzo de jMedici. These terminate on the rev. of |>. vij. On 
 viij recto, we read the imprint : 
 
 5^l)i!ippu^ po^cu^ ati lectorrm 
 Haiirentiu^ ^lijipu^ Collcnisfi^ Mix utraque lin 
 gua ajrprime erutiitus^ Ijoc tiiuinu <0ppiam opujsi 
 tralJurJt ^^ailusf tognominc 2S>onui0i imprcf^it: 
 ut cfj^eti9^tutiioi9fi!6^ iittcrarum utriu^que intmstria 
 quantulacunque acccf^io : <iSuaproptcr quoti <0p 
 pianuni o lector latinum kgii^ utri.^quc gratias? 
 as^^ 5fi^refjefum in Co!Ic (Dppitio Sl^nicipio 
 floretino anno all paitatc€l)n^ti»2r^cccctat)m. 
 
 The register is beneath. The reverse is blank. The Gothic type 
 of this impression has, at first glance, the appearance i)f that of Kete- 
 laer; but it is smaller, and more uniform. A full page of the poem 
 contains 32 lines. The present is a beautiful copy, in blue morocco 
 foreign binding.
 
 Augshourg; 1471.] OROSIUS. J85 
 
 320. Orosius. Printed hy Schiiszler. Augshourg. 
 1471. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. We have here another fine specimen of the 
 press of Schiiszler ; who, in the preceding year, published a magnifi- 
 cent impression of the Latin version of Josephus, which has been 
 noticed at p. 98-100, ante ; and which, alone, may serve to refute the 
 opinion of Maugerard * (expressed in the Journal Encyclopedique^ De- 
 cembre 1/87), that this printer never published any thing before the year 
 1471, with his name, and the date and place affixed. In regard to the 
 volume now under consideration, we may, in the first place, affirm 
 that it was an anterior publication to the one here afterwards de- 
 scribed, notwithstanding Havercamp was of a different opinion. The 
 best bibliographers seem to be decisive upon this point. In the 
 second place, the reader will find good descriptions of this impression 
 in the Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v, p. 263, (taken from the copy in the 
 Gaignat, afterwards in the Valliere, Collection) in Seemiller Incunab. 
 Typog. fasc. i. p. 34, and in Braun's Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. p. 137 :t 
 which two latter descriptions are in many respects the same. Mait- 
 taire had noticed the volume in his Annul. Typog. vol. i. 305, and in a 
 note (7) mentions the singular computation of time observed in the 
 colophon. We proceed to a description of the volume itself; which 
 is of considerable rarity. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read * Regstrum:}: pro capitulis 
 tocius libri inquirendis :' on the reverse commence the heads of the 
 chapters in the second book, and in like manner foUow those of the 
 remaining six books : the whole terminating on the recto of the 7th 
 leaf: the reverse, blank. On the recto of the 8th leaf, the prologue 
 of the historian commences, having this prefix : 
 
 g)auli Jjorosij pre^bitcri !)i^tonooplji tii.0cipl t foncti 
 auguistim epi» bin Dii^jiam iscntti^ clonucntifaimi. 
 atiiier^u crigtiani noi^ qrulo^ prologue I lifiro^ ^cptt 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing and 9th leaf, the first book of the 
 
 • I am indebted to the nis. memoranda of Count Reviczky tor this remark, 
 t Braun has referred erroneously to the lid part of the first vohime of JNIeuseKs edition 
 of Strurius, Bibl. Hist, instead of to the 1st part of the same volume — p. 59. 
 I Sic. 
 VOL. II. n b
 
 18G ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ficenza, 
 
 History begins. On the reverse of fol. 130 (pencil-numbered) we 
 read the colophon, thus : 
 
 Si^cati pmli norosfii prc.itfliiten in jrpiani nolgf ciuerulosi 
 lihti nuo ^q?ttm fintunt fclicitcr, pec Slol^annc ^ct^n i^lct 
 florcntifaiinc \ytU^ %HQH^tc conciuc imprcfsfi, %nm 
 n gtu birgint^ ^atit ^ahitifcro. St^°. tjtiirmgctc.sftmo 
 et -sfcptiiagcsfiino p mo. €imt' iuni; nona^sf ^cptias? 
 
 On the critical authority of Havercamp, we learn, that ' this edition 
 excels all the ancient ones in intrinsic value, and is printed with great 
 accin-acy from an excellent Manuscript.' Praefat. Iklit. Orosii, 1738, 
 4to. The present is a fine large copy, with some of the fore-edges 
 uncut ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 32] . Orosius. Printed hy Herman Lichtensteyn. 
 Vicenza. TVithout Date. Folio. 
 
 This is the edition which Havercamp supposed to be anterior to the 
 preceding one. Its date is probably not earlier than 1 474 ; and De 
 Bure and Panzer assign to it that of ' about 1475.' The verses, 
 forming the colophon, have rendered it interesting to bibliographers ; 
 and these may be seen, as well below, as in De Bure, vol. v. p. 264-5 ; 
 Bihl. Keviczk. p. 138-9 ; Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iv. p. 3 1 ; and Bibl. MagUabech. 
 vol. ii. col. 258-9. The impression is executed in a neat, small roman 
 letter, with a full page of text, having little space bttwcen the lines. 
 On the reverse of the first leaf is a kind of Advertisement, printed in 
 capital letters, in 16 lines ; which may be seen, in italics, in De Bure. 
 On the recto of the following leaf, begins the text of the histoiy : 
 
 PAY LI/ OROSII/ VIRI/ DOCTISSIMI. HISTORIAN 
 RVM/ INITIVM/ AD/ AVRELIVM. AVGVSTINVM. 
 
 PRAECEPTIS tuis parui beatissime pater Au 
 gustine. atquc utina ta efficaciter : quam libeter. 
 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 On the recto of the 100th and last leaf, we read the colophon above 
 alluded to :
 
 Without Date.-] OROSIUS. 187 
 
 Bartholomeus paiellus/ eques Vicentiiius in. P. Orosiuiii. 
 
 Vt ipse titulus margiiie in primo docet : 
 
 Orosio nonicn inihi est. 
 Libiariorum quicquid erroris fuit : 
 
 Exeinit Aeneas niihi. 
 Meq imprinienduni tradidit noa alteri 
 
 Herrnanne : t] soli tibi. 
 Ilermanne nonien huius artis/ 8c decus ; 
 
 Tuae q laus Colonia;. 
 Quod si situm orbis : sique nostra ad tempora 
 
 Ab orbis ipsa orig-ine 
 Quisq tuMiultus/ bellaq/ Sc casdes uelit 
 
 Cladesq nosse : me legat.* 
 
 The reverse is blank. The author of these verses was .^neas 
 VuLPES ; who, according to Fossi, resided at Vicenza, and was a cor- 
 rector of the press of many editions published there. In the Scrittori 
 Vicentim of Angiol-gabriello, vol. ii. p. cxxi-cxxviii, there is a parti- 
 cular and interesting account of this literary character. Tlie above 
 vei^os are also cited in it ; with the following reujark : ' Finuliuente 
 cant6 a dovere di ^^nea Volpe (olim Battista) il nostro Galasso,' 
 
 Nee Pater ^neas Vulpis certissima Pioles 
 Eloquio insignis praetereundus erit. 
 
 The present is a fine copy, in red morocco binding. 
 
 • These verses also appear in the edition of Leonardus Basiliensis ; but the words 
 ' L«onardus' and ' Basilea' are substituted for those of ' Hermaiums' and ' de Colonia.' 
 From a note in the Supplement to the Cat. de la Vallkre, p. 68, no. 459L', it would seem 
 that Lichtcnstein and Leonardus Basiliensis were the joint publishers of the edition ; and 
 that each substituted his name according to tlie divided portion of the impression.
 
 188 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [FYorence j 1500. 
 
 322. Orpheus et Proclus. Gr. Printed hy 
 Philip Junta. Florence. 1500. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This is one of the most elegantly printed an- 
 cient volumes of Greek poetry with which I am acquainted ; and is 
 extremely creditable, in every respect, to the early piess of the Giuntje 
 or JuNTJE.* While the typographical antiquary may tieasure it as one 
 of the latest specimens of that type with which the celebrated Florence 
 Homer of 1488 was executed (see p. 60 ante), the scholar will re- 
 joice that he is in possession of such a correct ' Editio Princeps ;' Ihe 
 text of it having called forth the praises of Gesner and Herman. It 
 must however be remembered, that the treatiseof Orpheus, relating to 
 Stones, is omitted in this edition. 
 
 This book is equally rare and beautiful. Maittaire, vol. i. p. 713, 
 note 4, is brief but correct. De Bure's description is entitled to the 
 same distinction. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 221-2. Eath authority 
 might have been more satisfactory, by having been somewhat less laconic. 
 Bandini, Juntarum Typog. pt. ii. p. 2-3, is concise, but very intelligent. f 
 He calls it, justly, ' editio rarissima.' Harles, Fabricii Bibl. Grcec. 
 vol. i. p. 149, is both laconic and meagre. | Herman, the last editor of 
 Orpheus, tells us that almost all the subsequent editions have adopted 
 the text of the present one. Gesner, in a long note upon one of the 
 verses of the Argonautics, has treated minutely of it, and was inclined 
 to think that Lascaris might have been the editor. This, however, 
 
 * The reader may be pleased by perusing an animated address to Thomas Jukta— a 
 descendant of Philip, the prhiter of the above work — from the pen of the venerable Conrad 
 Gesner. It is in the latter's Pandects, pt. i. fol. 329, and dated August, 1548. IMaittaire 
 has copied this address in his Annal. Typog. vol. iii. p. 250. Baudini, pt. i. p. 19-20, refers 
 only to Maittaire ; being apparently ignorant of the work of Gesner : a work, which has 
 been already recommended to public attention : see the Bibliomania, p. 40, note. Gesner 
 is warm in his eulogy of the typographical fame of the Junt.t, Fa mily ; and whoever reads 
 the prefix to the Juntae Priscian of 1534, as it is extracted by Bandini, pt. i. p. 31, will 
 admit that Gescer has been just as well as generous in his commendation. 
 
 t ' Exstabat (says he) olLm Florentiae in Bibliotheca Ducis Sahnati, ubi banc rarissimam 
 editionem videre mihi contigit. lUam autem possidet eruditissimus Marchio Caesar Luc- 
 chesinius Lucae m sua privata lectissima Bibliotheca. A quo exactissimam Libri recen- 
 sionem acceptam referimus.' * 
 
 t De principe editione vide Hambergerum et Gesnerum in prajfatione ad posterioris 
 editionem pag. viii. sq. Ilia quam\'is scateat mendis, tamen basis erat editionum sequen- 
 lium usque ad Stephan um,' Harles refers only to the superficial notice of it by De Bure.
 
 Florence; 1500.] 
 
 ORPHEUS. 
 
 181) 
 
 requires confirmation. See Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 101. It 
 remains to describe particularly a volume of such rarity and worth. 
 
 It has no preface ; but on the recto of the first leaf, sign, a V, the 
 text begins according to the following fac-simile : 
 
 tiKa* 
 
 ocnojv\o^ onr<x<xrouc, . 
 
 A full page has ?8 lines or verses. The Argonautics comprehend 
 25 leaves ; terminating on the reverse of AV in eights — thus : 
 
 OP<l>Ei2C, APrONAT 
 TIKA. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, AW, begins the prefix to the Hymns, 
 or an address to Musaeus, thus : 
 
 TOT ATTOT . DPOC MOYCAION. 
 
 EwTup^cof ^pui kralge 
 
 The ornament above, and the first letter (M) of the first verse, are 
 in red — as before. On the recto of A V'V, we have the beginning of 
 the Hymns themselves : 
 
 TOT ATTOT. TMNOI.
 
 190 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence; 1500. 
 
 The Hyiuns extend to tJie reverse of ^ ^ iii, ending thus : 
 
 0P<l>Er2C. 
 TM-. 
 NOI. 
 
 Next follow the Hymns o/'Proclus. 
 
 nPOKi\OT AT'KIOT TOT <I>IAOCO*OT, 
 
 T/ivoi. 
 E(j lov ^ATov 
 AufiV-srupoj voipov SoKr'iXeu XP^* 
 arjv'ii TiTccv. 
 x\tj^i <pa.ov<r IxfjCtx. ^uixpxeo; 
 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 The hymns comprehend only 3 leaves ; ending on the redo of the 
 third, with the following subscription and iniprmt : 
 
 TEAOC. 
 
 Too Qsw Soj^a. 
 
 C Anno ab incarnatione. M.ccccc. Die. xix. Septem^ 
 
 bris. Impressum Florentip impensa Philippi IQ 
 
 tp bibriopolp. Si quos eirores in hoc opere 
 
 lector iuenies. qui properates oculos 
 
 nostros subterfugerit eos pro 
 
 iudicio tuo eniedabis. 
 
 uix fieri pot ut no 
 
 tales iterueniat. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The present is a truly beautiful copy of this 
 desiiable volume ; and is of such ample dimensions, that many of the 
 leaves have rough fore-edges. It is bound in blue morocco.
 
 Bolognri; 1471.] OVID. 191 
 
 323. OviDius. Opera. Printed by Balthesar 
 Azoguidi Bologna. 1471. Fol. Bound in 3 vols. 
 
 Editio Princeps. That I am justified in liaving called this an im- 
 pression 'of extraordinaiy rarity,' (Introd. to the Classics ; vo\. ii, p. 105) 
 will be evident from the present particular description of it. De Bure 
 knew of no collection in Paris which contained it ; although, ac- 
 cording to Brunet, there is now a copy of it in the Imperial Libraiy.* 
 Audiffi'edi hud never seen it till towards the close of his Edit. Ital: for 
 at page 1-1 of this latter work, he relies entirely upon Maittaire, vol. i, 
 p. 307, note 3 ; but at page 405, he is enabled to give a comparatively 
 particular account of it, from a copy in the possession of the Canon 
 
 Devoti, which was bound in ancient binding, in one volume : 
 
 wanting however a good deal to render it perfect. From this account La 
 Serna Santander inserted his own, in the Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii, 
 p. 219-221. It will be seen that both Maittaire and Audiffredi have 
 omitted much that the reader ought to be acquainted with. Fa- 
 bricius and Ernesti were entirely ignorant of it ; and Ilarles coijies 
 De Bure, who confesses his obligations to Maittaire. Palmer has 
 repeated the error of Orlandi, who conceived that the impression con- 
 tained only the Metamorphoses. History of Printing, p. 187; Orig. e 
 Progress, p. 375. The collections of Mittarelli, Magliabechi, and the 
 Cardinal Lomenie, were without it ; and, in our own country, those of 
 Lord Oxford, Dr. Mead, and Dr. Askew. It was in the collection of 
 Lord Pembroke that Maittaire saw the copy described by him ; which 
 copy yet remains in the same curious library. We now proceed to a 
 description of the copy under consideration ; premising that, as the 
 head title to the register indicates, the whole was originally published 
 in one volume. On the recto of the first leaf, we read the following 
 prefix to the address of Puteolanus, the editor, to Franciscus Gonzanga: 
 
 * Brunei thus observes upon Its rarity : ' Aucuu exemplaire coniplet n'a encore, a raa 
 coimaissance, i-te mis en vente dans ces derniers temps.' He further remarks upon ilie 
 arrangement of the several pieces in the copy ui tlie Imjierial Library ; noticing tliat the 
 Metamorphoses contain 155 leaves, of which the reverse of the last leaf is blank : tlie Ibis 
 contams 9 leaves, of which the last concludes on the recto : the Fasti, 64 leaves j conclu(lin>^ 
 witli La us Deo: the Tristia, De Ponto, Pulei, Philomela, Medicamcn Faciei, and Xui— 
 in tlie wliole, 94 leaves. The ^Irs Amatoria and Remedium Amoris contain, together, 41 
 leaves. From this statement, it is evident that the copy b not complete ; as it wants the 
 EpistUs, Brunet also observes that these parts are not always bound in the same Oider. 
 Manuel da Libraiie, vol. ii. p. i,"25-t3.
 
 192 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IBologna; 1471. 
 
 Kaciscus Puteolanus parmensis Fracisco go 
 zag^ Cardinali Manthuano suo Sal. PI. d, 
 Poemata Publii Ouidii nasonis nup a me recogni 
 ta ipssaq; sub tuo nole edere constitui cadidissime ac 
 iucudissime priceps : Cuius sane rei mihi nulla abs te 
 gratia nullu mercedis genus jprsus exposcitur : Ve:^ 
 8cc. Ice. 8cc, 
 
 This prefatory epistle, or address, concludes on the recto of the 2d 
 leaf; followed by a life of the poet, by the same editor. The bio- 
 graphy of Ovid terminates on the reverse of the 3d leaf. After no- 
 ticing what he conceives to be the legitimate, and illegitimate, works 
 of the poet, Puteolanus continues thus, towards the conclusion : 
 
 Attribuunt ei et 
 
 alia opuscula : sed meo iudicio nijq ouidii fuere : ui 
 delicet de pulice de nuce de philomena. Insaniunt ue 
 ro qui eum dicut scripsisse de uetula : de liraaca : na 
 ea oportuit fuisse cuiusdam ifantis et ignoiatissimi : 
 8cc. 8cc. Ice. 
 
 At the close of this life, we have an important colophon — which 
 unequivocally informs us that the printer was the first who exercised 
 his art at Bologna — and hence this publication is considered to be the 
 
 EARLIEST PRODUCTION of the BOLOGNA PRESS. It is aS foUoWS : 
 
 Huius opera omnia medea exeppta k. triumpho C^ 
 saris : et libello illo pontica lingua coposito : qu^ in 
 curia tempo:^ perierunt : Balthesar Azoguidus Ci 
 uis Bononiensis honestissimo loco natus primus in 
 sua ciuitate artis impressorip iuentor 8c suma necessi 
 tudine mihi coiunctissimus ad utilitate humani ge 
 neris impressit ; 
 
 MCCCCLXXI 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing, and 4th leaf, we read the following 
 table ; which probably was, originally, tlie first leaf of the volume :
 
 Bologna; 1471.] OVID. 198 
 
 Tabula ea^ lei^ qiip sut i hoc uolumine 
 
 Epistola francisci puteolaiii ad reuereiidissimu cardi 
 
 nalem fianciscu gonzaga manthuanu. Poemata 
 
 Eiusdem uita. P. O. Nasonis. P. Ouidius 
 
 P. O. Nasonis epistola:^ liber. Hac tua. 
 
 Sapphos eiusdem. Nuni quid. 
 
 P. O. Nasonis amo^ libri tres. Qui modo. 
 
 P. O. Nasonis ad iuuentutem rhomanam d arte a 
 
 madi libri tres. Si quis. 
 
 Eiusdem de remedio amoris liber, Legerat. 
 
 P. O. Nasonis metamorphoseos libri XV In noua 
 
 Eiusdem inuectiua in ibin. Tepus. 
 
 P. O. Nasonis ad germanicura cpsarem fastorum 
 
 libri sex Tempora. 
 
 Eiusdem de tristibus libri quinq;. Parue. 
 
 Eiusdem de ponto libri quatuor. Naso 
 
 De pulice. Parue pulex. 
 
 De philomena. Dulcis. 
 
 P. O. Nasonis de medicamine faciei. Discite. 
 
 Carmen de mice. Nux. 
 
 On the recto of the 5th leaf— the Epistles begin according to the 
 ensuing fac-simile : 
 
 ANC TVA PENELOPE 
 
 lento ttbi mittit ulixes . 
 Mil mibi rcfcnbas : 
 attamen ipfc ucni . 
 Troya iacct certc danais inuifa pucllis . 
 Vixpriamus tantt : tota cp troya fuit . 
 O utmam tunc cum Ucedemona clafTcpctebat 
 Obrutus infanis effet adulter acjuis . 
 
 VOL. II. «e
 
 194 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologna; 1471. 
 
 A full page contains 39 lines. The first volume of the present copy 
 terminates with the works mentioned in the annexed subscription : 
 
 Publii Ouidii nasonis sulmonensis poetp clarissin 
 de arte amadi k. de reraedio amoris libri feliciter 
 expliciunt Deo laus. 
 
 The Metamorphoses, with which the second volume commences, are 
 preceded by six hexameter and pentameter verses. The first seven 
 verses of the poem are thus printed : 
 
 N NOVA PERT ANIMVS 
 
 mutatas dicere formas 
 
 Corpora : dii c^ptis : 
 
 nam uos mutastis 8c illas ; 
 
 Aspirate meis : 
 
 primaq; ab origine mundi 
 
 Ad mea perpetuu 
 
 deducite tempora carmen. 
 
 Ante mare Sc terras : 
 
 8c quod tegit omnia c^lum 
 
 Vnus erat toto naturp uultus in orbe ; 
 
 Quera dixere chaos : rudis indigestaque moles : 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The Metamorphoses extend to the end of the volume ; having the 
 word FINIS beneath the last verse. The third volume opens with 
 the Fasti, thus : 
 
 EMPORA CVM causis 
 latium digesta p anum ; 
 Lapsaq; sub terras: ortaq; 
 signa canam. 
 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 and ends with the Nux ; the conclusion of which is as followb :
 
 Borne; 1471.] OVID. 195 
 
 Si merui : uideorq; uoces : iponite flamp : 
 Et liceat misery dedecus esse semel. 
 
 Si nee cur urar : nee cur excidar habetis : 
 Parcite : sic cpptum perficiatis iter ; 
 
 . P. ouidii nasonis de nuce libellus explicit. 
 
 Such is the account of this exceedingly rare publication of one of 
 the most interesting works of classical antiquity. The present copy, 
 although handsomely bound in yellow morocco, and of ample dimen- 
 sions, has a few of the leaves in the first volume perfected by MS: — 
 executed, however, with singular neatness and success, in imitation 
 of the original type. There are also some few slightly- wormed 
 leaves : but the copy, even in this condition, is an inestimable biogra- 
 phical treasure. The copies in the collections of the King and the Earl 
 of Pembroke have greater imperfections. What further information, 
 relating to this edition and to the printer of it, may be obtained from 
 the Antiquities of the City of Bologna, published by Valei-io Felice 
 Azzoguidi, in 4to, 1716, I am not able to say. This latter work is 
 noticed in Sancassani's Biblioteca Volante di Cinelli Calvoli, 1734, 4to, 
 vol. i. p. 70. The author of it was probably a descendant of the 
 printer of this Editio Princeps. 
 
 324. OviDius. Opera. Printed hy Sweynheym 
 and Pannartz. Rome. 1471. Folio. Bound 
 hi 3 vols. 
 
 Editio Secunda. We will first describe the order of the arrange- 
 ment of the several pieces as they occur in this very rare impression; 
 and afterwards subjoin a few brief, but pertinent, remarks respecting 
 the time, scarcity, and value of the edition. Audiffredi describes it 
 as in two volumes ; the one containing 241, and the other 64, leaves. 
 The present copy is bound, with much judgment, in three volumes of 
 nearly equal bulk. On the reverse of the first leaf we read the prefa- 
 tory epistle of the editor, the Bishop of Aleria ; the most material 
 part of which is extracted by Maittaire and Audiflfiedi, but the whole
 
 196 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iRome; 1471. 
 
 of which will be found in the note below.* This epistle bears date, 
 thus: 
 
 Rome quintodecimo Kal. Augu. M.CCCC. 
 LXXI. Potificatiis tui cadidissimi. Anno septirao. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf commence the Metamorphoses, with 
 a prefix of 12 verses : 
 
 Propositio. 8c inuocatio. I. 
 
 N noua fert animus 
 mutatas dicere for mas 
 Corpora, dii ceptis nam 
 uos mutastis 8c illas 
 Aspirate meis. primaq; 
 ab origine mundi. 
 Ad mea perpetuii deducite tempora carmen. 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 * It is exactly thus : some of the contractions being supplied. 
 
 lo. An. Episcopi Aleriensis in Cymo Epistola. 
 
 P. Ouidium. Nasonem pater beatissime Paule. II. 
 Venete Pontifex Maxime. acerrimi poetam ingenii 
 nemo est qui maxime non admiretur. nemo qui non 
 diligat : & ut suauissimum exosculetiu". Magnum ta- 
 men eius Metamorphoseos opus, quanquam inemendatum 
 ab eo propter exsUii calamitatem relictu est : omnibus 
 illius prestat operibus. id nos per estatem presentera 
 quasi ludentes inter raaiora Ciceronis orationu opera 
 recognouimus : & parua quedam argumeta fabularum 
 principis apposuimus. Si quis fortasse diligentius ia 
 ea re uigilauit : aut plenius quicquam ab antiquis traditii 
 habet : exponat illud in publicum rogamus. Nos ipsi 
 satis artati teniporum angustiis necessitati potius pa- 
 ruimus : quara nostro desiderio. Cetera omnia Poete opera 
 quanta cura possiuuus : congregamus : ut lenissimus 
 Vates in duobus legi totus uoluminibus possit. 
 
 (Here follows the Date, as above : then the ensuing verses.) 
 
 Orba parente suo quicuq; uolumina certu* 
 His saltem uestra detur in urbe locus.
 
 Rome; 1471.] OVID. I97 
 
 A full page of the poetry contains 38 lines or verses. The Metam,' 
 orphoses, according to the pencil-numbered leaves of the present copy, 
 comprehend 177 leaves, and terminate on the recto of the last, thus: 
 
 Ore legar populi : perq; omnia secula fama 
 Siquid habent ueri uatum presagia uiuara. 
 
 FINIS 
 
 Then follow the eight verses, (' Aspicis illustris,' &c.) precisely as 
 at page 113, ante. The E/egies commence on the recto of the first 
 leaf of the second volume. These comprehend 35 leaves ; terminating 
 on the reverse of the 35th. On the recto of the 36th commences the 
 Ars Amandi, with this prefix : 
 
 P. Oiiidii. Nasoiiis de aitibus 
 amandi liber primus. 
 
 This poem comprehends 32 leaves. We have, next, the Pulex (two 
 half pages) followed by 
 
 P. Ouidii Nasonis de 
 remedio amoris. Liber. I. 
 
 Eleven leaves are filled by this poem. It is followed by the Conso- 
 latio ad Liuiam Augiistam, which occupies 6 leaves and a half, or 13 
 pages. Then commence the Epistles, on the reverse of the leaf with 
 which the preceding poem concludes ; having this prefix : 
 
 P. Ouidii Nasonis Heroides 
 Epistole. Penelopes ad Vlixe 
 uirum suum. Elegia. 
 
 These Epistles terminate the volume on the reverse of fol. 132, 
 from the beginning of it. The third volume opens with the Nux: 
 
 Quoq; magis foueas : no hoc sut edita ab ipso 
 Sed quasi de domini flinere rapta sui. 
 Quicquid in his igitur uitii rude carmen habebit : 
 Emendaturus si licuisset : eram. 
 
 5«e also Maittaire, vol. i. p. 303, note 6 : Audiffredi, Edit. Rom, p. 77.
 
 198 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IRome; 1471. 
 
 followed by the Medicamen Faciei, and Ibis. Then the Tristia, with this 
 prefix : 
 
 P. Ouidii Nasonis de tristibus Liber. 
 Ad librum suum Elegia. 
 
 This poem comprehends 79 leaves ; terminating thus, on the reverse 
 of the 79th : 
 
 Tu modo que poteras uel apte tutus amare 
 Si res est anceps ipse latenter araa. 
 
 Then immediately commence the Epistles, ex Ponto, without any 
 prefix or indication (as Audifii'edi justly remarks) — having this first 
 title : ' Ad amicos.' 
 
 These terminate on the recto of the 106th leaf from the commence- 
 ment of the volume ; and are followed, on the reverse of the same leaf, 
 by the epistle of Sappho to Phaon ; which latter comprehends 6 pages ; 
 terminating thus, on the recto of fol. 109, and having the reverse 
 blank : 
 
 O saltern misere crudeli epistola dicat 
 
 Vt mihi Leucadie fata petaiit aque. FINIT 
 
 On the recto of the 110th leaf, from the commencement of the 
 volume, the Fasti open thus : 
 
 P. Ouidii Nasois Fasto:^ 
 ad Germanicum Caesarein 
 Liber primus. Prefatio. 
 
 Erapora cum causis 
 Latium digesta per anou : 
 Lapsaq; sub terras : 
 ortaq; signa canam. 
 Excipe pacato Cesar 
 Germanice uultu 
 Hoc opus. Sc timide dirige nauis iter. 
 Sec. 8cc. See.
 
 Jtome; 1471.] OVID. I99 
 
 Each of the books has a title prefixed, with the exception of the 
 nth and last; which is without one. On the reverse of the 175tb 
 leaf, from the commencement of the volume, we read the subscription 
 to the work, thus : 
 
 Finis, vi. librorum Fastorum Ouidii 
 Ad. Ti. Cesarem Gerrnanicum Aug. 
 
 Such is the description (more particular, it is presumed, than any 
 with which the reader has been hitherto acquainted) of this uncom- 
 monly rare and valuable impression. In regard to the period of its 
 execution, Audiffredi supposes the whole to have been finished before 
 March 20th 14/2 ; the date of the celebrated epistle of the Bishop of 
 Aleria to Pope Sixtus IV, in behalf of the printers of it, and appended 
 to the Commentary of De Lyra upon the Bible. This epistle has been 
 frequently referred to in the present work,* and is of importance in 
 the conclusion here drawn ; as this impression of Ovid is noticed in it, 
 and only 275 copies of it appear, from the same document, to have 
 been printed. The chronological precedence of the foregoing im- 
 pression must, in consequence, be very trifling : and as each edition 
 was, in all probability, taken from a diflFerent MS., it will follow that 
 each may assume the rank of an Euitio Pkinceps. Laire, in his 
 
 • See the list of books contained in it, in vol. i. p. 160-1. A gross error has been com- 
 mitted in my Introd. to the Cbssics, vol. ii. p. 106, relating to this epistle. It is there said 
 that the present edition of Odd contains it ; which is now shewn to be contrary- to the fact. 
 Tlie question may be reduced to a single point. When the Bishop of Aleria wrote the 
 prefatory epistle to this impression of Ovid, Paul II. was Pope ; when the above supplica- 
 tory epistle, appended to De Lyra's commentary, was written — and in which this edition of 
 Ovid is noticed — Sixtus IV. assumed the Papacy. Paul died in 1471. This is appositelj 
 remarked by Laire, Index Libror. vol. i. p. 161-2. 
 
 What is observed by Count Reviczky, upon the Bologna and Roman editions, may be 
 worth subjoining here : — ' haic Editio [Bonon.] Operum Ovidii magni momenti ccnsenda est 
 ad complementum primarium editionura ; et quamvis paulo ante dictum sit frivolam et inanem 
 esse conjecturam illorum, qui Elegias Ovidii, editionis Romana;, (vel saltem libros Fastorum 
 ut Maittalrio visum:) non ante annum 1473 lucem vidissc collimarunt, ex eo tamen non sequitur 
 quod tomus Elegiarum non potuerit priuiis mensibus anni 1472. e prelo emitti: imoita 
 evenisse verisimlle est ex eo, quod in Epistola Metamorpbosibus prsemissa, et XV. Kal. Aug. 
 nempe anno jam declinante data, tunc primum se congregandis ceteris Poetae operibus, 
 intentimi professus sit Episcopus Aleriensis, cum contra universorum Ovidii Operum editio 
 jam anno 1471 iudubitate absoluta fuerit Bononias, manifestante id epistola Puteolani, cui 
 statim post interjectam Ovidii vitam illius anni nota subjecta est, et in qua perliibet : 
 " Poemata P. Ovidii Nasonb nuper a se recognita Impressaque sub Gonzagae Cardinal!* 
 DOQune edere se constituisse." &c. MS. Memoranda.
 
 200 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Augsbourg ; 1471. 
 
 Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 166, had made some gross blunders in his 
 account of this impression, concerning a supposed copy of it in the 
 Vatican Library. AudifFredi searched the Vatican in vain for a com- 
 plete copy of it ; nor was he furnished with sufficient materials for 
 his own description of it, till the imperfect copies in the Vatican, 
 Casanatensian, and Cassali libraries, had supplied him with the same. 
 Laire, Index Libror. vol. i. p. 161-2, does not notice AudifFredi's cor- 
 rection in the Edit. Rom. p. 77-9. Neither the Harleian, Gaignat, 
 Askew, Crevenna, nor Lomenie copies appear to have been perfect : 
 yet De Bure is correct, although not sufficiently particular, in his 
 Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n°. 2744. See too the Introd. to the Classics, 
 vol. ii. p. 105-7 : and the note, in the preceding page, connected with 
 this last reference. The present may be called a large and fine copy 
 of this desirable impression. A few leaves in the Metamorphoses, and 
 fewer in the Fasti, are inlaid. It is handsomely bound in red morocco. 
 
 325. OviDius. De Arte Amandi. De Remedio 
 Amoris. Printed hy Gunther Zainer. AugS' 
 bourg. 1471. Folio. 
 
 This is the first impression of the above pieces, separately pub- 
 lished: for although the date be that of February 1471, yet, as is 
 justly observed by the Noble Owner of this copy, ' the year was 
 reckoned to begin at the vernal equinox, or in the middle of March, 
 and therefore the preceding impression, executed in August 1471, 
 was printed six months before this edition of Zainer ; and the Bologna 
 Ovid, which has no date of the month, but only of the year, has at 
 least a probable chance of being also anterior.' Rare as is this fine 
 impression, it has been correctly, although briefly, described by several 
 bibliographers ; and Seemiller is therefore in error when he says * it 
 was unknown to the greater number of the ancient bibliographers.' 
 Incunub. Typog. fasc. i. p. 26. It had been before well described by 
 Freytag, in his Adparat. Literar. vol. i. p. 476-7 ; who, previous to 
 giving three specimens of its Various Readings from the established 
 text, observes— ' Quod ad lectionem codicis adtinet, ille, si pauca quae- 
 dam leviora exceperis, ab editionibus recentioribus raro discedit.' 
 Schelhorn had also noticed it in his Miscell. Lips. vol. xii. p. 66, as 
 supplemental information to Maittaire : see Zapfs Augsburgs Buch- 
 druckergeschichte, pt. i. p. 12. Nor has De Bure neglected to notic*
 
 Augshmirg; 1471.] OVID. 201 
 
 it ; from a copy in the Royal, and another in the Valliere Collection. 
 When he tells us—' elle est executee en caracteres gothiques, singuliers, 
 d'une fabrique assez extraordinaire'— he does not impress his reader 
 with any notion of the fine, bold, and legible appearance (as the en- 
 suing fac-simile evinces) which the volume possesses; and which 
 makes us regret that the press of the Zainers* did not put forth an im- 
 pression of the entire works of the poet. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. 
 p. 336. La Serna Santander, as usual, merely abridges the labours 
 of his predecessors. Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 228. 
 
 On Ihe recto of the first leaf we read the opening of the Ars Amandi, 
 according to this fac-simile : 
 
 PuMij oui^t^nafonisfttlmoncnfm^be 
 arte ama^vliber primus inctpit ikXiciL 
 
 5 quisibocatte jpFo ii5 nouit ania2>i 
 Q) e legat ct Iccfco tacmttic t>Dchi0 amct 
 Q: ttc cite telog? mtc8 temoc^inouetitat 
 Q rte Icttis mtma arte teg&us amoi 
 
 A full page contains 29 lines ; and the poem comprehends 42 leaves, 
 concluding on the reverse of the 42d. On the recto of the 43d, we 
 read as follows : 
 
 j9fi«9f b'tcmetiio anions lifier incipit. 
 
 The Remedium Amor is has 15 leaves. On the reverse of the 15th, 
 are the three last lines of the poem, and the colophon : the latter 
 being thus : 
 
 %ibtt puBUj na^onijef* <0iittiij 
 tic reinctiio ^UnionjSf felicit tx^ 
 plitiu '^mij^vd^u^ in. 511ii0iista 
 
 • See a fac-simile of the type of John Zainer's edition of JEsop, at p. 241 of toI. i. 
 VOL. II. D d
 
 202 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [PFithout Date. 
 
 lingcn progcnitum %\mo tini 
 ar?\fccc°tef • xtj°, fear. feBcuattj. 
 
 The present is a very fine copy of this uncommon volume ; and is so 
 large, that neaily one third of the leaves are uncut. It is bound in red 
 morocco. 
 
 326. OviDius. De Arte Amandi. De Remedio 
 Amoris. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This rare and unknown impression is evidently from the press of 
 Ulric Zel. Panzer, La Serna Santander, and Brunet * have omitted 
 to notice it ; nor do the pages of Freytag, Braxin, and Seemiller con- 
 tain any account of it. That it is, in all probability, of a date an- 
 terior to 1473 (if not to 1472), may be safely admitted. On the 
 recto of the first leaf, we read, 
 
 <©uitiij l^afoniisf dSuImonenj^M tie 
 arte amantii \ihtt jitimusf incipit ; 
 
 On comparison with the text of Sweynheym and Pannartz, I find, at 
 the 5th verse, ' Thiphis,' for ' Tiphys ;' and at the 10th, ' Phillirides' — 
 as in Zainer's impression — and not ' Philyndes' — which is a sufficient 
 testimony of the text being taken from a different MS. It contains 
 49 leaves ; ending with this subscription : 
 
 d^uibij l^afonijef .^ulmoncn^i^ jroete 
 tie arte amantit €jCjiUcit ; 
 
 * I had at first imagined this edition to be the same with that which is noticed in the 
 Catalogue des Livres da Cabinet de' M.***. Paris, 1811, 8vo. p. 121. no. 647, compiled by 
 Brunet himself; but the commencement of the Remedium Amoris (if Brunet be correct, 
 as he most probably is) proves the contrary : although the number of lines in each impres- 
 sion be similar. There is no doubt of the present edition being equally rare with the one 
 described by Brunet — and I might have prefaced the account of it with the words of 
 this distinguished bibliographer : ' Comme ce livre est de la plus grande raret^, et qu' 
 aucun Bibliographe, que je sache, n'en a fait mention, j'eu vais donner la description.'
 
 TFithout Date.'] OVID. 203 
 
 The Remedium Amoris begins on the recto of the following leaf, and 
 occupies 18 leaves : the reverse of the 18th being blank. The sub- 
 scription is thus : 
 
 SDe rcmeliio amoris (JBxplicit 5 
 
 A full page has 54 lines. This imyression is bound in a volume (which 
 contains also Opuscula of other writejs) with the following one : 
 
 327- OviDius. Trium Puellarum Liber. TVith- 
 out Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 In describing the treasures of this extraordinary Collection, I must 
 not omit to notice the present very strange, yet spurious production. 
 Critics and bibliographers have been, I believe, alike ignorant of its 
 existence. The impression under consideration is unquestionably from 
 the same press, as are the two genuine pieces of the poet just before 
 noticed. On the recto of the first leaf we read as follows : 
 
 (j^iiitiij l^afoni^ ^ulmoncn^i^ pocte 
 €nu pueHarum lihtt incipit; 
 
 ?5am forte \jia quaba nuilo comitantc 
 ^o!u^ amor mecu tjui ^olet cf^c fait 
 SDuciS itifo^ tjcr^^ facio : mctiitorq^ pudlam 
 Cxii pofjBfum tjer^u.i^ mittere quo^ facto* 
 €tct pcul tjitieo q^i tvt^ npmpf^a^ tjeniltejei 
 ^ quifiu-af ut memini longior Una fuit 
 ^tt mcbitt isfortita iocu currcBat. et omneisf 
 <Currcfiant ^iter. f^ tamnt ilia magi^ 
 
 8cc. kc. kc. 
 On the recto of the 7th and last leaf, the termination is thus : 
 
 <©uib facia rcfcra que ficimq ^k putior oli^tat 
 Slpfaq^ ne referam nostra pueUa betat
 
 204 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [IFithoiit Date. 
 
 f ini^ vtmhat m t3t2f Bene cefieferat atx m^ : 
 <!Pmma nouit amor, nouit et ip^a tenu^sf; 
 
 <0iiitiij l^afoni^ ,;&ulmonenjefi^ poete 
 
 This little tract, with the two preceding ones, is elegantly bound in 
 red morocco, I do not know of the existence of another copy of it. 
 
 328. OviDius. Metamorphoseon Libri. With- 
 out Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 We are indebted to Braun for a particular and animated descrip- 
 tion* of this extremely rare and beautiful impression of the Metamor- 
 phoses of Ovid. The same bibliographer justly observes, towards the 
 conclusion of his description, — * Hac de editione omnes bibliographicae 
 rei scriptores altum tenent silentium.' Lord Spencer has prefixed to 
 this copy a pencil memorandum, from which it appears that the type 
 resembles that of the Propertius and Tibullus of 1472, noticed by 
 Audifiredi, at p. 440-1 of his Edit. Rom. : see, also, post. It is most 
 probable that the work was not executed later than 1473. There is a 
 freshness, and an appearance of early printing about it, that justify 
 me in assigning to it the present order. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, without any prefix, quite at the top of the page, we read the 
 opening, thus : 
 
 N noua fert aius mutatas dice formas 
 Copa : dii cpptis na uos mutastis k illas 
 Aspirate meis : primaq; ab origie mudi 
 Ad inea ppetuu deducite tpra carme. 
 8cc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 This, and every page except the last, has 31 lines. There are no titles 
 to the several books; and the impression is entirely without signatures, 
 
 * See the Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. p. 109 : but the fac-simile of the type, at No. IV. of Plate 
 VIII. is very mdiiferent ; it being much thinner and sharper than the original. There is 
 something of the character of Ambergau's letter about it — but it is more delicate. The 
 press-work is at once elegant and exact.
 
 Fenice; 1474.] OVID. 205 
 
 numerals, and catchwords. On the recto of fol. 195, and last, there are 
 27 lines, concluding thus, with the following imprint : 
 
 Astra ferar nomeq; erit indelebile nostru. 
 Quaq; patSc doniitis romana potetia terris 
 Ore legar populi : p oia sccula fama 
 Si q^d habet ueri uatu psagia uiuam. 
 
 PVBLII NASONIS OVIDII PELIGNI 
 POETAE CLARISSIMI LIBER VLTL 
 MVS METAMORFOSEOS FOELICI/ 
 TER EXPLICIT 
 
 Lord Spencer has recently put into my hands a part of the correspon- 
 dence between an eminent foreign Collector, and the late Count Re- 
 viczky. The former is well known for his choice collection of Editiones 
 Principes ; and now resides at Vienna, in the eager pursuit of those bib- 
 liographical studies which have distinguished him for the last 20 years. 
 Having noticed Laire's account of the above impression of the Meta- 
 morphoses of Ovid, the Chevalier adds — • Ensuite le bon P. Laire (qui 
 est un Visionnaire sans doute) ajoute que les caracteres de cette Edition 
 sont pareils k ceux du Plaute 1472 ; pu bien Ji ceux du TorteUius de 
 Udal. Gallus et Simon de Luca, 1471. Comme les caracteres de ces 
 deux livres sont totalement differents, et les caracteres de Spire n'ont 
 rien de commun avec ceux de Rome, je ne scais pas deviner I't^dition 
 de cet Ovide, ni lea ^nigmes, ou pour mieux dire, la b^tise du P. Laire. 
 Je vous prie de me dire votre avis la-dessus. — Aprfes cela il me paroit 
 que ce seroit une grande folic que de se rapporter aux Baptemes que 
 ce charlatan Bibliographique donne k toutes les editions anonymes et 
 gothiques avec tant d'assurance, et tombant en des contradictior 
 ridicules k tous les momens.' April. 1792. 
 
 The present is a beautiful copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 329. OviDius. Opera. Printed hy Jacobus Bu- 
 be us. Venice. 14/4. 2 vols. 
 
 More beautiful, although less scarce, than the two preceding impres- 
 sions, is this first Venetian edition of the works of Ovid. As far as I 
 can discover, it appears to be a reprint of one or the other, or of both,
 
 206 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenicej 1474. 
 
 of its precursors. It remains to give a brief but accurate description 
 of it. In the copy before us, there is no prefatory jirefix ; but 
 the text of the Metamorphoses commences on the recto of the first 
 leaf, having the title of the book, and a part of the first line of the 
 text, in capital letters. The poem concludes on the reverse of the 
 141st leaf, thus : 
 
 O re legar populi : perq; omnia sascula fama 
 S iquid habent ueri uatiim prsesagia uiuam. 
 
 PVBLII OVIDII NASONIS META 
 MORPHOSEOS LIBRI QVINTI 
 DECIMI ATQVE VLTIMI 
 FINIS. 
 
 Beneath, are the same verses which are appended to the prefatory 
 epistle of the Bishop of Aleria : see the note at p. 196-7 aijte. A full 
 page contains 43 verses. The Epistles follow on the recto of the en- 
 suing leaf; comprehending 45 leaves, and including that of Sappho to 
 Phaon. On the reverse of the 45th leaf, or of the 186th from the be- 
 ginning of the volume, commences the Ars Amandi; which work ter- 
 minates the volume on the reverse of the 213th leaf: 
 
 .P. OVIDII NASONIS DE ARTE 
 AMANDI LIBRI EXPLICIVNT. 
 
 The second volume opens with the Love Elegies, having the title in 
 two lines of capital letters : followed by 
 
 Quemadmodum a Cupidine pro bellis amores 
 scribere coactus sit. 
 
 This poem, comprehending 29 leaves, is followed by the Remedium 
 Amoris; which latter occupies 9 leaves and a half. Then the De Medi- 
 camine Faciei ; 3 pages : the Nux, 4 pages and a half. We have next, 
 on the recto of the 43rd leaf, from the beginning of the Elegies, the 
 opening of the Fasti : 
 
 PVBLII OVIDII NASONIS FA 
 STORVM LIBER PRIMVS.
 
 Fenice; 1474.] OVID. 207 
 
 EMPORA CVM causis 
 latium digesta per annum : 
 Lapsaq; sub terras ; ortaq; 
 signa canam. 
 Excipe pacato caesar germanice uultu 
 Hoc opus : k. timidae dirigc nauis iter. 
 &:c. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The ' Fasti' contain 58 leaves, and are followed by the * Epistola 
 Consolatoria" (containing 6 leaves) and the Tristia ; which latter com- 
 prehend 40 leaves. Then Be Ponto, 38 leaves : Pulex, 2 leaves : the 
 reverse of the second, blank. The Ibis, having 8 leaves, terminates 
 the text of the poet. A life of the poet, in 3 pages, follows : subjoined 
 to which we read the imprint, thus : 
 
 Huius opera omnia Medea excepta : k. triumpho Cai 
 saris ; k. libello illo pontica lingua composite : quaj 
 incuria tempop? perierunt : lacobus Rubeus natione 
 gallicus honestissimo loco natus ad utilitatem uiue^ 
 tium nee non 8c posteroR impressit. 
 
 Nicolao Marcello Duce incljto Venetiarum. 
 
 M.CCCC.LXXIIII. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing and last leaf, we have the Table of 
 Contents as in Azzoguidi's edition. Some commendatory verses of 
 Calphurnius follow this table, which may be seen extracted in De 
 Bure and Panzer : and of which the following are the two last lines : 
 
 Sed dignum ; base ueneta qui gallicus urbe iacobus 
 Impressit : miras condidit artis opus. 
 
 This eulogy is just ; as the impression presents us with a specimen 
 of the early Venetian press, which, when in fine preservation, may vie 
 with the best productions of the Spiras and of John de Colonia. 'Jhe 
 large price given for the Pinelli copy of this impression, may be sup- 
 posed to justify De Bure in calling it an edition ' encore fort rare et 
 recherch^e des Curieux :' Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 332. But al- 
 though tolerably sound, the present is by no means a large or a clean
 
 208 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [mthout Date. 
 
 copy of this desirable impression.* The reader may consult the au- 
 thorities referred to in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 107- 
 Brunet, Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 22G, is very brief in his descrip- 
 tion of the edition. This copy is bound in blue morocco. 
 
 330. OviDius. Metamorphoseon Libri. TVith- 
 out Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Folio. 
 
 It is justly remarked by the Noble Owner of this copy, in the fly- 
 leaf of the same, that the types of the present impression resemble 
 those with which John de Westphalia printed the ' Repertorium Jo- 
 hannis Milis' in 1475; and of which Meerman has given a fac-simile 
 in the upper part of his viiith Plate, Orig. Typog. The surrounding 
 Commentary of the Boetius of 1487 (see vol. i. p. 286) also exhibits a 
 similar character. In regard to the date of the impression, I am loth 
 to assign it to a period before the year 1 475 ; although, from its being 
 an exact reprint of the text of the Roman edition of 1471, it may 
 probably be entitled to the distinction of a more ancient publication. 
 
 * In the Pinelli Collection, there was a duplicate of the Metamorphoses of this edition by 
 Rubeus ; which separate volume, not having the printer's name, had been erroneously 
 supposed by De Bure, to be the production of Jenson's press. The same distinguished 
 Collector of whom mention has been made at p. 205, ante,) thus wrote (Jan. 1792) to Count 
 Reviczky, upon the subject of this supposed impression of the Metamorphoses by Jenson : 
 
 ' Je crois avoir par hazard decouvert une faute presque impardonnable, ou plusieur* 
 Bibliographes sont tombes, sur la foi du redacteur du Catalogue de la Valliere, qui etant M. 
 de Bure, pouvoit aisement se tromper, parceque il est, sans doute, un des plus arrogants 
 et de moins instruits dans la Bibliographic.' (Then follows the description of it according t» 
 the Catalogue de la Valliere, vol. ii. no. 2481.) The Chevalier continues : ' Je viens d'avoir 
 cet Ovide, et particulierement le volmne des Metamorphoses qui est pr&isement tel qu'il se 
 trouve dans le Catalogue de la Valliere. Mais je me suis bientot apperf fl de la meprise. 
 Ce n'est que I'Ovide de Venise par Jacobum de Rubeis, 1474, ou souvent se trouve en 
 deficit I'Elegie in Ibin, a la fin de laquelle il y a une iettre, et apres la lettre la souscription 
 avec la date 1474. Jusqu'ici il n'y uvoit rien de singulier ; mais ce qui m'etonne c'est que 
 dans le catalogue de Pinelli, fait par I'Abb^ Morelli, qui est un fort bon Bibliographe, et 
 qui avoit sous les yeux dans la meme Collection de Pinelli I'Ovide du 1474 complet, apres 
 celui-la il a cite ce volume des Metamorphoses pour I'edition de Jenson, citee dans le cata- 
 logue de la Valliere, et qui n'existe pas a mon avis. Cependant, ce qui m'etonne davantage, 
 c'est qu'a la vente de Pinelli, a Londres, vous avez achete, dans le meme temps, I'Ovide 
 par I. de Rubeis 1474, complet — et ce volume des Metamorphoses pour I'edition de Jenson !' 
 
 1 he Chevalier is perfectly correct. Lord Spencer posses.ses this odd volume of the Me- 
 tamorjihoses, which is in finer condition than the same part in the above complete copy, 
 »nd is evidently only a duplicate of the same text by the same printer.
 
 Parma; 14770 OVID. 209 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign. a. 2, we read the prefatory epistle 
 of the Bishop of Aleria (see note, p. 196, ante) with the date of 1471 
 incorporated, and the verses subjoined, as in the note just referred to. 
 The signatures run from a to jin eights : f has six ; then aa, with six 
 leaves. On the recto of aa vj, the conclusion of the poem and of the 
 volume is thus : 
 
 0tt Icgar populi jrcrq; omnia sfccula fama 
 ^i quit fjabent tjeri tjatum pccjjagia toiuam. 
 
 fini^. 
 
 The text is set up in a narrow page, and a full page contains 36 
 lines. This impression seems to have escaped Panzer : see his Annal. 
 Typog. vol. iv. p. 170. The present is a sound copy, sumptuously 
 bound in red morocco. 
 
 331. OviDius. Opera. Printed hrj Corallus. 
 Parma. 1477- Folio. 3 vols. 
 
 Whatever may be the ' uberior notitia" concerning this edition, in 
 the CI. Lengn. Neue Nachr. ii. p. 73 — as referred to by Panzer — it is 
 certain that AfFo, in his Tipograjia Parmense, p. lxiii-v, has given 
 both a copious and correct account of it. He considers it to be a 
 reprint of the Roman and Venetian impressions of 1471 and 1474; 
 and describes the copy of it which he saw in the library of St. Mark, at 
 Florence, and which was charged with the Greek and Latin ms. notes 
 of Politian. This copy, he informs us, is mentioned by Bandini in his 
 Ragionamento istorico su le Florentine Pandette, p. lix. AfFo describes 
 the Table, as the first feature in the edition ; but our business is to 
 notice the impression in the order in which it appears before us. 
 
 The first four leaves present us with a summary of each fable in the 
 respective books of the Metamorphoses. This summary conjmences 
 on the reverse of the first leaf; and is succeeded, on the reverse of the 
 4th, with a brief account of Ovid and of his writing-, by Domitius 
 Calderinus. On the reverse of the 5th leaf is the first fable in the 
 1st Book, separately detached in prose ; which is succeeded, on the 
 recto of the 6th and ensuing leaf, by the commencement of the poem. 
 Each fable, in each book, is thus epitomised in prose, before the poe- 
 tical part begins. The first 8 leaves are without signatures. On the 
 
 VOL, II, B e
 
 210 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Parma j 1477. 
 
 recto of fol. 9 begins signature .A .i : continuing to Y, each in eights. 
 On the recto of Y vij the Metamorphoses conclude, with the word 
 FINIS beneath. On the reverse of the same leaf is a Table, or list 
 of the contents of the three volumes : 
 
 Quae impressa sunt in iis uoluminibus Ouidii 
 
 from which we learn that in the Heroical Epistles ' many verses are 
 added from an ancient MS. especially in the epistle from Paris to Helen.' 
 The remainder of the works of Ovid are specified in the usual manner. 
 The entire Table may be seen in Affo : at the bottom of it we read 
 the following imprint : 
 
 Impressum Parmas ductu 8c ipensis mei stephani 
 coralli lugdunensis. M.cccc.lxxvii. die primo 
 lullii. 
 
 The second volume commences with the Epistles before alluded to. 
 On the recto of a.a.ii. The signatures, as usual, run in eights — to r.r. 
 On the reverse of rr. iii, the Ibis terminates ; then follow, on the recto 
 of the ensuing leaf, the poetical answers to a few of the epistles by * A. 
 Sabinus, eques Ro. celeberrimus uatesque.' 
 
 ^has oes rsposioes k. alias edidit 
 
 quas no rpiut. Sec. 
 
 This opusculum occupies the five remaining leaves ; ending on the 
 recto of rr viij , 
 
 The third volume opens, on the recto of sign. A. i, with the Fasti : 
 the signatures, to V., run in eights : V. having ten leaves. On the 
 reverse of V. ix, the Epistola Consolaloria ad Liuiani, S^c. ends thus : 
 
 Est coniunx tutela hominuni : quo sospite uestra 
 Liuia funestam dedecet esse domum. 
 FINIS. 
 
 AfFo further observes : Rara molto h questa Edizione, e il de-Bure 
 non riferilla che su 1' altrui fede. Difficilmente si trova intiera,' &c. 
 p. Lxv. That De Bure is extremely brief and superficial, cannot be 
 denied : vol. iii. p. 334 : and one is surprised that so meagre an account 
 of the edition should have been aduiitted into the Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi,
 
 Parma; 1479.] OVID. 211 
 
 vol. iii. p. 223. The present copy is in russia binding ; and with the 
 exception of a few leaves at the beginning of the first volume, is in 
 sound condition. It is rather tall ; but tlie fore-edges have been too 
 much cut. 
 
 332. OviDius. Metamorphoseon Libri. Printed 
 at Parma. 1479. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of a i, we read the commencement of the poem as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 PV. OVIDII NASONIS METAMORPHO 
 SEOS LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 N NOVA PERT ANIMVS MVTA 
 tas diceie for in as 
 
 Corpora, dii coeptis (nam uos mu^ 
 tastis Sc illas) 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Ice. 
 
 The signatures, from a to x, run in eights : x has six : y, eight : z, 
 six : &, six : ??, five. On the reverse of ^ v, we read the imprint, thus: 
 
 PVBLII OVIDII NASONIS METAMOR- 
 PHOSEOS LIBER FINIT. 
 
 Impressum Parmce. M.CCCC.LXXVIIIL 
 
 The printing of this volume has been given, by Denis, to the press 
 of Andreas Portilia : — * Videtur Andr. Portiliae' — are his words ; 
 to which it will be necessary to add the remarks of AfFo— ' II 
 Denis, primo a parlarne, avendolo veduto presso un Amico suo 
 privato, soggiunge: (as before). Ma non fe a dubitarsene dopo il 
 confronto avutosene col Virgilio, cui ne' caratteri e nella forma 
 esattamente somiglia.' See Annal. Typog. Siippl. pt. i. p. 108, n°. 748: 
 Tipograjia Parmense, p. Lxviii-ix. There certainly appears no simila- 
 rity between the types of this impression and those of the Pliny of 
 1480 by Portilia : vide post. Neither Panzer, vol. ii. p. 352, nor Laire, 
 Index. Libror. vol. i. p. 463, deliver their own opinions upon the sup- 
 posed printer of it. The present is rather an indifferent copy ; in calf 
 binding, gilt leaves, red-morocco back.
 
 212 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [ricenza; 1480. 
 
 333. OviDius. Opera. Printed hy Lichtenstein. 
 Vicenza. 1480. Folio. 2 vols. 
 
 The author of the Scrittori Vicentini, vol. iii. p. xl, seems to have 
 depended entirely upon Orlandi and Fabricius in his account of this 
 very elegant but not very uncommoti impression. All that Celsanus, 
 the editor, seems to have done to it, is, a correction of the proofs as 
 they came from the press of Lichtenstein. Whether the text present 
 the 'vera lezione* of the poet, (as Angiolgabriello intimates) I cannot 
 pretend to determine ; but the Arguments of the Metamorphoses, and 
 the Life of Ovid, which are given by this latter author to Celsanus, 
 and which he says are ' maestrevolmente tessuta' — are, in fact, nothing 
 more than the same pieces by Calderinus, in the Parma impression of 
 1477. It remains to describe the impression briefly, but particularly. 
 On the recto of A commences the prefatory matter, as in the Parma 
 edition just referred to. The signatures, in the first volume, run 
 from A to V : the former having 10 leaves, and each of the intervening 
 ones S, On the reverse of V. vij, the Metamorphoses conclude thus : 
 
 .F.LN.I.S. 
 
 BARNABAS CELSANVS VICENTINVS HA- 
 BES HVMANISSIME LECTOR. OPERA. P. 
 OA^DII A NOBIS QVAM ACCVRATISSI- 
 ME POTVIMVS EMENDATA. NEC MINVS 
 DILIGENTER AB HERMANO LEVILAPI- 
 DE VICENTIAE IMPRESSA. M.CCCC.LXXX. 
 PRIDIE IDVS. AVG. FELICITER. 
 
 TsAo<r. 
 
 The second volume commences, with the Fasti, on the recto of sign. 
 a ; which has nine leaves : from a to y in eights : then 3 in eight : next, 
 aa to hh, inclusively, in eights. On the reverse of hli vij, we read 
 the following colophon : 
 
 Finis omnium libroru. P. Ouidii qui extant, eos 
 q accuralissime emendatos a Barnaba Celsano vi" 
 cetino. ipressit Hermanus Coloniesis Lichtenstein 
 Vicentiae. M.cccc.Lxxx. sex. Id. Mail. 
 Feliciter.
 
 Without Date.] OVID. 213 
 
 This impression has been noticed by the principal bibliographers, 
 and will be found in the most distinguished private and public Coi- 
 tions. The present is a beautiful copy of it ; bound in red morocco. 
 
 334. OviDius. Opuscula Qu^dam. TVithout 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, within a rudely-engraved wood-cut 
 border, we read the title-page of this inelegant, but strange and cu- 
 rious, little volume : 
 
 X^niQ Ultimo 
 wm poete lifter 
 
 )De tri£iU39f puclli^ 
 (i^uitiiu^ tic j^agaci nuncio 
 4^uibiii.^ be puitcc 
 J)ampjjilu0 tJc amore 
 <«^uiliiusf be mnnmo 
 <©uitiiu3Sf be cuculo 
 <0uibiu.sf be bentre 
 ^la amatoria mctrice aisfcripta 
 
 A rude ornament, and white shield of coat-armour, are beneath. 
 There is a very fervent amatory ' epistola perornata cuiusdam amantis 
 ad quandam puellam,' on the reverse of this title-page ; ending thus : 
 
 S'amq^ bale it\ix mca hxx mea bita quicfci^. 
 f rancifcum ct memori pectori temper ijabe. 
 
 The first three above mentioned Opuscula of Ovid, with the work 
 of Pamphilus, occupy the 16 following leaves ; but this copy appears 
 to want the remaining pieces. The type is a small close Gothic one, 
 resembling that of the Martial at p. 176, ante. This copy was for- 
 merly in the collection of Dr. George, and belonged to the library of 
 the late Earl Spencer. It is a very indiflferent one, in calf binding.
 
 214 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IFenice ; 1494. 
 
 335. OviDJus. Heroides EpisTOLiE. Cum Com- 
 MENTARiis. Printed hy JBartholomeus de Zanis 
 de Portesio. Venice. 1487- Folio. 
 
 The reverse of the first leaf presents us with the address of the 
 Commentator Volscus to Ludovicus Disedus. On the opposite page 
 commences the Epistle of Penelope to Ulysses, with the siirrounding 
 expositions of the same Commentator. The signatures, except the 
 last, run in sixes. On the recto of g (i) we read the reply of Helen 
 to Paris by Sabinus — as before alluded to at page 210. These Epistles 
 conclude on the recto of h vj, with an address to Franciscus of Aragon, 
 son of King Ferdinand. On the reverse we read an address entitled 
 • DOMITIVS [CALDERINVS] IN SAPHO OVIDII. The Epistle 
 of Sappho concludes on the recto of i vj. Then follows the Ibis, with 
 the Commentary of the same. This concludes on the recto of 1 vij : 
 
 Publii Ouidii nasonis sulmonensis poe 
 
 tse clarissimi liber in ibim felici 
 
 ter explicit. 
 
 A Life of Ovid, by Volscus, is below. On the reverse we read the 
 imprint and register. The former, in two lines, is as follows : 
 
 rmpressum Venetiis per Bartolameu de Zanis de portesio. 
 Sub Anno domini. M.cccc.lxxxvii. die uero. xxiiii. Nouem 
 bris Regnante domino Auguslino Barbadico inclito Vene 
 toru piincipe. Laus Deo. 
 
 Panzer refers only to Maittaire, vol. i. p. 484, for the existence of 
 this edition. The present copy is bound in calf with the ensuing 
 impression.
 
 Venice; 1494.] 
 
 OVID. 
 
 215 
 
 336. OviDius. De Arte Amandi. De Reme- 
 Dio Amoris. Printed hy John de Tridino. 
 Venice. 1494. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, nearly in the centre, we read the title 
 of the work, in capitals. On the reverse is the address of Bartholomeus 
 Mehula, the Commentator, ' Generoso Adolescenti Georgii Cornelii 
 Equitis.' On the recto of the ensuing leaf, sign, a ii, commences the 
 text surrounded by the commentary, as it is in every otiier page. 
 The commentary, in the head line, is thus entitled : 
 
 Bartholomei Merulae In primum Ouidii de arte 
 Amandi enarrationes : 
 
 The three books of the Art of Love terminate on the reverse of g vj, 
 in sixes : 
 
 P. OVIDII NASONIS DE ARTE 
 AMANDI FINIS. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, sign. A, commences the Remedium 
 Amoris ; presenting us with two elegant capital initials^-of the larger 
 of which the following is a fac-simile :
 
 216 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice; 1494. 
 
 The entire impression may be said to be distinguished for the ele- 
 gance of its decorations in this department of printing. The ensuing 
 are fac-similes of a few of the smaller capital initials : 
 
 • 
 
 The signatures. A, B, are in six and four : then C with four leaves. 
 The Commentary of Meioila is equally abundant in the present poem. 
 On the reverse of C iii, this latter work concludes, with the following 
 admonition, or address, of the Commentator to the fore-mentioned 
 person to whom the edition was dedicated. ' Habes Francisce Generose 
 Enarrationes nostras in Ouidium de Arte Amadi : & de Remedio 
 Amoris : quas celerius aliquato q[uam] fuerat cosiliu tuis precibus 
 emisimus : Voleba enim uti Horatii cosilio : q[uod] in arte poetica 
 docet no prsecipitanda esse editione. sed in nonum annu premanda : 
 Quare si q[ui]d desiderabitur : id tibi: & quotidiano tuo couicio 
 ascribito : Si quid uero immutatione litterar[um] syllabaruue aliq[uo]d 
 deprauatii inueneris : id non mihi : uer[um] difficili impressor[um] 
 correctioni imputato. Vale.' Beneath, we read the colophon in four 
 long lines, of which it will only be necessary to extract the latter part : 
 
 — Impressit Venetiis Vir solers 8c Industrius loannes de 
 Tridino alias Tacuinus. Anno salutis. M.cccc.lxxxxiiii. 
 Tertio Nonas Maias ; Augustino Barbadico Duce Incljto 
 ac foelicissimo. 
 
 This is followed by a petition of the printer, to the Doge and Privy 
 Council of Venice, for ten years exclusive sale of the work ; on for- 
 feiture of 10 ducats for eveiy volume printed or sold by any otlier 
 printer. It is signed by four ' Consiliarii.' Then follow, on the recto 
 of the ensuing and last leaf, some hexameter and pentameter verses 
 of Antimachus and Soranus. A register 1= beneath ; and the whole 
 is terminated by the ensuing very tasteful device of the printer ; which
 
 Venice; 1516.] 
 
 OVID. 
 
 217 
 
 the reader will observe to be essentially different from another device 
 used by the same artist : see vol. i. p. 276. 
 
 The present is a fair sound copy ; in calf binding. 
 
 337- DoNATus IN OviDii Fabulas. TVithout 
 Date, Place, or Name of Printer . 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf the text commences with this prefix : 
 
 ^<^^%€% graniatici pmtifjsimi i ouitiin fabulae 
 
 The impression contains 33 leaves. On the reverse of the 33rd 
 leaf, we read, 
 
 €quitut epilogues? proposfiti : tt ut pollicit'^ t a 
 priciMo* mubi ufq; ati^ua actatt mirablr ppe 
 tJJari :* cui^ ffbe actcrnitati uita fitii per |joc pcctuam* 
 secure promittit %m^ tico. 
 
 Count Reviczky has observed, in the fly-leaf of this copy, that 
 Muncker, and other mythological writers, as well as Fabricius and 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 ♦ Sic. 
 
 rf
 
 218 ANCICNT CLASSICS. [renice; 1516. 
 
 Ernesti, were ignorant of this impression. Being without signatures, 
 numerals, and catchword*, he conceives that it is very ancient. Lord 
 Spencer remarks that the type resembles that of John de Westphalia. 
 I should apprehend its date not to be earlier than 1478. In calf 
 binding. 
 
 338. Pausanias. Grsece. Printed in the Office of 
 Aldus. Venice. 1516. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Pausanias is an autlior of too much importance 
 to be omitted in the plan here observed of introducing the Editiones 
 Primarice ; especially as it is probable that Aldus himself superin- 
 tended the printing of this impression, although it is certain that he 
 died before the publication of it.* The title of the work, nATSANI'AlS 
 (with the Latin word beneath) is upon the recto of the first leaf, 
 with the large Aldine Anchor, in outline, beneatli. On the reverse, 
 we have a list of the different places, printed in Greek and Latin, 
 which are described by Pausanias ; then follows an interesting address, 
 or preface, f r om which we learn that Marcus Musurus was the editor 
 of the impression. The following extract from it, referred to in the 
 subsequent pages, (under the Aldine Plato of 1513) is worth the 
 reader's attention : 
 
 * Hsec autem a nobis praestari tibi potuerunt suasore adiutoreque M. 
 Musuro : quem nuper heroicarum literarum decus Venetiis propa- 
 gantem Graeciae priscis autoribus partim illustri iuuentuti enarrandis 
 non sine laude, partim emendatione castigationeque in pristinum 
 nitorem, quoad eius fieri poterat, restituendis Leo X. Pont. Opt. 
 Max. sponte sua nihil tale cogitantem admirabili consensu sacrosanc- 
 torum Cardinalium in archiepiscopalem dignitatem euexit.' 
 
 This preface is followed by a Greek address from Marcus Musurus : 
 
 MA'PKOS O' M0T20TP0S IA'Nf2 AA- 
 ^KA'PEI Ta UA'NT KAI'PEIN. 
 
 occupying each side of this second leaf. On the ensuing leaf, a a, com- 
 mences the text of the author ; the word ' Pausanias' being printed 
 
 * Aldus died in February, 1515, old style: see Reuouard's correction of his second 
 volume, in vol. iii. p. 13, of DImprim. des Aide. The notice from Moreili, concemiug th« 
 death of Aldus, as given by Renouard, is very interesting.
 
 mthout Date.-] PERSIUS. JID 
 
 at bottom of the page, on the recto of each leaf of the first four 
 leaves, in every signature. The pages are regularly numbered from 
 a a, to the reverse of f f v, in eights ; being ^8*2 pages — when the 
 text ends with the word TE'AOS beneath. On the recto of the 
 ensuing and last leaf, we read the register and imprint ; from which 
 we gather the order of the signatures, and the date, thus : 
 
 aa b/3 cy d8 ee f? g>) hS ii kx Ix mju, nv o^ po q7r r^ fj 
 Omnes sunt quaterniones pra?ter f 5 ternionem. 
 
 VENETIIS IN AEDIBUS ALDI, ET ANDREAE 
 SOCERI MENSE IVLIO. M.D.XVI. 
 
 On the reverse of this last leaf is the unshaded large anchor, as before. 
 The reader may consult the Introd. to the Classics; vol. ii. p. 113. The 
 present is a very fair and desirable copy, in old red morocco binding ; 
 having formerly belonged to De Thou. 
 
 339. Persius. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 The Ed IT 10 Princeps of this author is probably either the one or 
 the other of those impressions, containing also the text of Juvenal, 
 which are noticed at pages 119, 121, ante. The particular edition 
 under description, is the one alluded to at page 117 ante; and as 
 being unquestionably the production of Uleic Han's press. For 
 reasons there assigned, this impression is considered a different and 
 subsequent one to that of the Juvenal by the same printer. It appears 
 however to be the earliest text of the poet separately printed ; and 
 therefore anterior to that by Gering, Grant z, and Friburger, sub- 
 sequently described. On the recto of the first leaf, we read the 
 opening, thus : 
 
 FLACCI PERSII VOLTERANI SA/ 
 TYRARVM PRIMA FOELICITER 
 INCIPIT 
 
 EC FONTE LABRA PROLVI 
 CABALLING :
 
 220 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 Nee in bicipiti somniasse parnaso 
 Memini : ut repente sic poetaprodirem. 
 Heliconiadasq;: pallidamq; pirenem 
 Illis relinquo : quoru imagines lambunt 
 Hedere sequaces : ipse semipaganus 
 Ad sacra uatum carmen offero* nrm 
 Quis expediuit psitaco suum chere : 
 Picasq; docuit nra uerba conari 
 Magister artis : ingenii q; largitor 
 Venter negatas 8c artifex sequi uoces 
 Quod si dolosi spes refulserit nilmi 
 Coruos poetas : &: poetridas picas 
 Cantata * credas pegaseum melos. 
 The second Satire begins as follows : 
 
 SATYR A SECVNDA 
 
 Curas hominu. o quatG est i rebus inane 
 
 Quis leget hec ? ml tu istud ais neo hercule nemo 
 
 Vel duo uel nemo : turpe 8c miserabile : quare ? 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 25 lines. Each Satire has a title in capitals, prefixed ; 
 and a small initial letter to the first line, to be enlarged by the illumi- 
 nator. The viith and last Satire thus concludes : 
 
 lam decies redit in ruga, depinge ubi sistam 
 Inuentos Chrjsippe tui finitor acerui. 
 FINIS 
 
 In the whole, 14 leaves : without signatures, numerals, or catchwords. 
 There can be no doubt of this impression being from the press of 
 Ulric Han ; but it has been generally described by bibliographers as a 
 joint publication with the Juvenal by the same printer. This is evi- 
 dently a different Roman edition from the one described by AudifFredi 
 at p. 414, of his Edit. Rom. The present copy presents us with one 
 of the most beautiful specimens of the skill of Roger Payne's binding. 
 It is in olive-colour morocco. 
 
 * Sie.
 
 mthout Date.-] PERSIUS. 221 
 
 340. Persius. TVithout Date, Place, or Name of 
 Printer. Folio. 
 
 There can be little doubt concerning the press from which this im- 
 pression issued ; although it be divested of place, and name ofpririter. 
 Those who are conversant in the early Parisian printing, will inunedi- 
 ately perceive that it is executed in the same character with which the 
 Florus (see p. 29,) was executed ; and that Gering, Crantz, and 
 Friburger, were necessarily the printers of it. The cliaracter, as 
 Chevillier justly says, is * un caractere rond, de gros Romain.' Tiiia 
 edition was unquestionably printed ' dans la Maison de Sorbonne ;' 
 although it has escaped the researches of Chevillier : see the lists of 
 the several pieces of Gering, Crantz, and Friburger, at pp. 36, 68, 
 and 98 of L'Orig. de I'lmprimerie de Paris. The work should liave 
 been introduced in the first list, when these printers carried on their 
 business in the above-mentioned place, in the years 1470-1-2, inclu- 
 sively. Such is the scarcity of this impression, that it appears to have 
 escaped Panzer, La Serna Santander, and Brunet. 
 
 The present copy does not contain Juvenal, — but that it was origi- 
 nally printed with it, is incontestible, from a perfect copy of the text of 
 both Juvenal and Persius, in the libraiy of Magdalen College, Oxford. 
 By the kindness of Dr. Routh, the learned President of that college, 
 and with the approbation of the officers of the same, I am favoured by 
 the loan of this uncommon volume ; and it is presumed that the public 
 will not object to an accurate description of the entire impression, as 
 it came from the bands of the printer. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 we read according to the following fac-simile : 
 
 Decimi luaii luuenalts Seityu?j^ Ubccprimuf* 
 
 Materia ^ caufara fatyra^ bac infpice prima^ 
 
 EMPER ego auditor tfn.^nung^ ne repona^ 
 VexAtus totiens rauci theteide codri/ 
 Impune ergo mihi rccitauerit ille togatas.'^
 
 222 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 A full page contains 32 lines. To each Satire a title is prefixed, in the 
 letter as above. The impression of Juvenal comprehends 61 leaves. 
 On the reverse of the 61st and last leaf, we read the imprint, thus : 
 
 Decimi lunii luuenalis Aquinatis 
 Satyraium liber finit Foeliciter/ 
 
 ErharduSj D. I. luuenal' cultori. F. optat/ 
 
 Ecce parens satye?/ princeps eliconis 8c auctor.' 
 In prauos mittens tela seuera notae; 
 
 There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. The Peksius 
 immediately follows, on the recto of the ensuing leaf, thus : 
 
 Auli persii flacci in satyra^e librum prolo.* 
 gus constans metro iambico trimetro. 
 
 Ec fonte labra prolui caballino.' 
 Nee in bicipiti somniasse parnaso 
 Memini me/ ut repente sic popta ^dire 
 Aeliconiadasq; / pallidamq; pyerenem 
 Illis remitto/ quorum imagines lambunt 
 To the first Satire is prefixed this title : 
 
 Satyra prima in uanos poptas / recitatores/ 8c 
 auditores eorundem.' g) uana scribunt/ recitant/ 
 8c audiunt; 
 
 A full page, as in the Juvenal, contains 32 lines. There are neither 
 numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. On the reverse of the 11th 
 and last leaf, we read the following subscription : 
 
 A. P . F Satyra^ liber finit foeliciter. 
 
 Erhardi Tetrastichon ad germanos 
 
 librarios ingenuos. 
 Ecce tibi princeps satyro^ codice paruo 
 
 Persius/ arte noua impressus/ 8c ingenue. 
 Foelices igit alemannos ; arte magistra 
 
 Qui studia ornautes/ fertis in astra gradum /
 
 mthoid Date.-] PERSIUS. 22S 
 
 Upon the whole, it is very dubious whether this impression do not 
 contain the earliest printed text of each of the poets. The copy 
 just described, is tall and sound, with the exception of some stains, 
 which the ingenuity of a modern book-binder would easily and safely 
 remove. It is in its original binding of wood, covered with sheep-skin. 
 The copy of the Persius, in the present Collection, is large and clean ; 
 and handsomely bound in blue morocco. 
 
 341. Persius. Without Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Folio. 
 
 This rude and rare impression is given to the press of Martin Flach ; 
 who, according to La Serna Santander, ' was admitted a burgess or 
 citizen of Strasburg, in 14/2, and who printed for the first time in 
 1475.' Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 244 : see also vol. iii. p. 242-3, 
 where the Abbe Rive is properly corrected for assimilating these 
 types to those of John Zainer, of Ulm — on the authority of the 
 Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. n°. 4889 — where a fac-simile of a supposed 
 similar type, from an ancient edition of Sallust, is given. Laire, in 
 his Index Libror. vol. i. p. 165-6, is therefore wrong in subscribing to 
 the opinion of the authors of the La Valliere Catalogue. The types 
 of both the Zainers, those of the edition of Sallust here referred to, 
 and of the present impression, are of different characters. We pro- 
 ceed to a description of the volume before us. On the recto of the 
 first leaf, it commences thus : 
 
 J^erftj HiKiHii ^uli f lacci goete 
 ^atiraru : %\htt ftlkittt S^^tvi^iU 
 
 (He fonte la&ra plui caiiaUino 
 0tt inbicipxti ^omniafj^c pamasfo 
 a^cmini mc : tJt ttpmtt ^ic poeta ptiireni 
 ^deliconiatiaief i palUDam pircnem 
 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This first page, which is rather a full one, contains 27 lines, exclu- 
 sively of those of the title : there being no space between the prologue 
 and the commencement of the first Satire. The following is the whole 
 of what appears upon the i-everse of the 12th and last leaf:
 
 224 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Venice; 1482. 
 
 mem buplica : feci. Jam tnpkjc. iam miJii quarto 
 51am tiecie^ reliit in rugam. tieptnge bbi ^ijeftam 
 5jmicntu.33f cci^ijipe tui finitot acemi:. 
 
 Hitler f er^ij Eucillij %Vi\\i 
 
 f lacci f eliciter finit 
 
 <ejcplicit ignotu^gf per totum per^iujef orftem 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. Although, 
 from the lust line above extracted, we cannot draw the inference that 
 the present is the first edition of the poet, it may perhaps be 
 safely affirmed that it is of a more ancient date than that of 1475 ; 
 the period which La Serna Santander assigns as the earliest of the 
 printing of Martin Flach. The last line only proves that, to the 
 printer's knowledge, there had been no previous impression of the text 
 of the poet. There is a great appearance of antiquity in the rudeness of 
 the characters with which this volume is executed. The paper is stout 
 and excellent. The present is a fine copy ; in blue morocco binding. 
 
 342. Persius. Printed hy Renaldus de Novimagio. 
 Venice. ^ 482. Folio. 
 
 Panzer has referred to more authorities than usual, in noticing this 
 impression, which is but of secondary importance. Braun, pt. ii. 
 p. 94-5, is very particular. All that may be here required is, a brief but 
 correct notice of its commencement and conclusion. On the recto of 
 the first leaf is the proheme of Bartholomeus Fontius, the Editor, to 
 Lorenzo de Medici. On the reverse commences the text of the poet, 
 surrounded by the commentary of the same editor. On the reverse 
 of d V, we read the colophon, thus : 
 
 A. Persii Flacci Satyrarum Finis. Anno. M. 
 CCCC.LXXXIL Mesis Decebiis Die: XXIIII. Per 
 me Magistru Renaldu De Nouimagio Theuto' 
 nicu Venetiis impressum. 
 
 A short life of the printer, with the Register, are on the recto of 
 the following and last leaf. In the whole, 20 leaves. The present is 
 an inditferent copy, in calf binding.
 
 Milan.] 
 
 PERSIUS. 
 
 225 
 
 343. Persius. Cum Annotationibus Ioannis 
 Britannici, &c. Printed at Milan. Folio. 
 
 This edition is rather useful than splendid. From the last line in 
 the volume, it would appear to have been executed either by Minu- 
 tianus himself, or by some person who had worked in the office of that 
 distinguished printer. Whether his name be specified upon the scroll 
 within the subjoined fac-simile, I cannot determine. There are some 
 pretty typographical decorations in the volume, as may be ascertained 
 from the following fac-similes ; and the impression appears to have 
 stood in need only of good paper, to render it elegant as ^c\\ as 
 useful. The recto of the first leaf presents us with some small figures 
 of scribes, at desks — neatly executed — above the title of the work ; 
 which latter is in large lower-case black letter, having, beneath, 
 poetical ' Argumenta Satyrarum' by lodocus Ascensius — printed in 
 small italic letter. Subjoined, is this splendid device 
 
 VOL. 11.
 
 226 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 On the reverse is an interesting address of Ascensius, dated Lyons, 
 February, 1499; from which Panzer has (but erroneously) described the 
 edition. From this address we learn (as the subsequent pages confirm) 
 that the impression contains the labours of Britannicus, Beroaldus, and 
 Politian — * Dii boni qualium virorum prelectiones !' exclaims Ascen- 
 sius ! There are LIIII numbered folios : on the recto of the last of 
 which the index concludes, with the following subscription : 
 
 Ex libraria Minutiana 
 
 evidently meaning from the press of Minutianus :* see vol. i, p. 380, 
 concerning this printer. No other colophon is in the volume. The 
 elegant letters, above alluded to, are some of them thus : 
 
 The present is a sound copy; in calf binding. 
 
 344. Petronius Arbiter. 
 Name of Printer . 1476. 
 
 TVithout Place or 
 Quarto. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps ; at the end of the Younger Pliny's Panegyric 
 of Trajan. The reader has been already informed (Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol, ii. p. 115) that ' bibliographers had generally imagined 
 the edition of 1499 to be the first of Petronius Arbiter ; but it ap- 
 pears from the Bibl. Reviczk. p. 80, that there is an edition of this 
 writer at the end of the Panegyric of Pliny, printed at the above 
 period. See also the Edit. Bipont. of this author, p. xx, which treats 
 copiously and critically of this first impression.* Both Burman and 
 
 * Perhaps the reader may wish to have the criticism of the Bipont editors, here subjoined. 
 It is as lollows : — ' Puteolanus etiam fragmentiim Petronii adjecit, de quo is in praef. Col- 
 Jectioni, nescio au iteratae praembsa, ait' — [The uordi if Puteolanus are aboie given, and
 
 1476.] PETRONIUS ARBITER. 227 
 
 Antonius were entirely ignorant of it.' La Serna Santander has 
 omitted to mention it, even in the corrections to his third part or 
 volume ; and although Brunet refers us to Count Reviczky's catalogue 
 for the existence of this earlier impression, he is pleased to call the 
 ensuing one the ' Editio Princeps.' Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 274. 
 In describing this impression, I must necessarily insert what may be 
 supposed to belong to the Panegyric of Trajan by Pliny ; but as 
 these two works are blended together, in the present volume, tlie 
 reader will not exact a severe method of descrijjtion. In the edition 
 under consideration, it will be necessary to begin with the following 
 extract ; from the 3d page of the prefatory address of Puteolanus to 
 lacobus Antiqiiarius: — which gives at once the contents of the volume. 
 
 Additi sunt unde 
 cim alii Panaegirici no Pliniano quide pares sed tamen 
 non inelegantes aut recusandi : mira in singulis erudi 
 tio. Adieci: ut magnitudo uoluminis iusta eet: lulii agri 
 colas uitam per Corneliu Taciturn conscripta : quae me 
 ita afficit delectat tenet : ut nihil unquam pari uolupta 
 te legerim. Fragnientu Petronii arbitri postremu locum 
 tenet Sc quasi agmen claudit incuria quide tcmporum 
 macum 8c adeo mutilatii ut uix cognosci possit : eiusmo 
 di tamen ut non reiici debeat : haec tuis auspiciis in luce 
 redeunt : Debebunt tibi qui legerint : quaquam pro tuis 
 sumrais uirtutib*' omnes tibi' debent. Vale decus meu. 
 
 therefore unnecessary to repeat here"]—' Quani Plinii Panegyrici & ceteronim editioneni 
 aim Arnzenius & Schwarzius editores illius retulerint ad an. 1476, eosque etiam secuti 
 sint b. Eraestius in Bibl. Fabriciana, & Clar. Harlesius in brevi notitia literaturae romanse 
 nuper emissa, sed Saxius in Hist. Lit. Ti/pog. Medial, ex ipsa puteolani pra"f. demonstraverit 
 librura editum esse sub ipsum pubertatis annum Jo. Galeacii Ducis mediol. an. 1469 nati, 
 conjicit CI. Harlesius. ed. priorem 1476 iteratam fuisse 1482. cf. ilium in Plinii edd. p. 413, 
 & quae disputavimus in not. Plinii epp. & paneg. praemissa p. xxxix. Neque sic Maittairo 
 accedimus qui banc collectionem cum petronii satirico jam an. m.cccclxxvii prodiissc 
 refert, cf. ibid. Goldastus vero, in petronii a se curati an. 1610 prolegomenis p. 14, cora- 
 memorat exemplar mediolanense, quod prseccsserit gemianicum Lipsiense Hcnn. Buschii 
 an. 1500 & parisinum Reginald! Chalderii. Burmannus & novissinius editor C. G. 
 Antonius ignorare se profitentur, quo anno prodierit, Reviczius Comes in catal. p. 108 
 ooDJicit, illam typis Lavagnse mediol. excusam fuisse.' Edit. Bipont. Petronii. p. xx.xxi.
 
 228 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Florence; 1500. 
 
 On the recto of u ii, (the works mentioned in the address of 
 Puteolanus completing the number of the other signatures) at bottom, 
 we read the commencement of Petronius Arbitek, thus : 
 
 PETRONH ARBITRI SATYRICI FRAGMENTA 
 QVAE EXTANT. 
 VM ALIO GENERE furia^! declamatores 
 inq^uetant: q clamat : hsec uulnera pro libertate 
 kc. &:c. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. On the reverse of the 19th leaf, from its 
 commencement, the text concludes thus, with the subjoined date : 
 
 Iurisconsult9 paret non paret habento 
 
 Atq; esto quidquid Seruius k. Labeo. 
 
 Multa loquor : quid uis nummis praesentib^. opta : 
 
 Et ueniet. clausum possidet area louem. 
 
 TsKog, 
 MCCCCLXXVI. 
 
 To the foregoing description it will be necessary to add two 
 remarks ; probably of some little moment. First, the date of the 
 above imprint seems to me to be executed by diflFerent hands 
 from those which worked the body of the text. The capital letters 
 are all different from those preceding them ; and there is an appear- 
 ance of a separate, and therefore subsequent^ workmanship in the entire 
 line, as it is printed in the present copy. If so, the date is a spurious 
 one. Secondly, the text of this edition differs only in having more cou' 
 tractions than that of the ensuing one : the readings, and the punctua- 
 tion, both in the prose and poetry, being precisely the same — according 
 to the numerous passages which I have consulted. It will follow, 
 therefore, that the text is only of the same critical importance .with 
 that of the ensuing impression. Indeed the editor himself seems to 
 have been fully aware of the imperfect state of the MS. from which it 
 was printed. See post, art. Pliny Junior.
 
 1470.] PHALARIS. 229 
 
 345. Petronius Arbiter. Printed hy B. V. de 
 Vitalibus. Venice, 1499. Quarto. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the following prefix : 
 
 PETRONII ARBITRIS SATYRICl FRAGMEN/ 
 TA QVAE EXTANT. 
 
 There are 27 lines below : a full page has 30 lines. The signatures, 
 from a to e, run in fours. On the reverse of e iij, the imprint is thus : 
 
 TeAoT 
 
 Impressum Venetiis per Bernaidinum Venetum 
 
 De Vitalibus Anno domini. M.cccc.xcix. 
 
 Die. xxiii. Mensis lulii. 
 
 • This edition is very rare. According to the preface of Burman 
 it is incorrect and imperfect ; some passages however are good and 
 comijlete, and have been incorporated in the editions of subsequent 
 editors : " Ea habet multas lacunas (say the Bipont editors, p. xxi.) 
 multas vero etiam probas lectiones." It appears to have been faith- 
 fully reprinted by Tanner, and edited by Buschius, at Leipsic* Introd, 
 to the Classics, vol. i. p. 115-6. I have before observed that this edition 
 seems to be a faithful reprint of the preceding one. In calf-binding. 
 
 346. Phalaris, &c. Latine. IVithout the Name 
 of Printer. 14^0. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Latinfe. There are few points in bibliography 
 more puzzling than that of settling the exact chronology of the several 
 early impressions of the Latin version of the Epistles of Phalakis: 
 nor am I confident that I am quite correct in assigning precedency 
 to the present impression. This curious and interesting edition con- 
 tains several piecei, as the subjoined note testifies,* printed by the 
 
 • These pieces are called by Chevillier, Epistol^ Cynicje. On the recto of the leaf 
 immediately followuig the end of the Epistles of Phala kis— as above described, we read : 
 
 "Raimirii I in catalogum Mitridatls de epi' 
 stolis. M. bruti, ad Nicoiau quintu ponti = 
 £cem maximum ! prsfatio fosliciter incipit ;
 
 230 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1470. 
 
 same printer, and probably published at the same time in one volume. 
 The date of 1470 is subjoined to the prefatory epistle of one of these 
 Opuscula ; and although this may be the date of the composition of the 
 epistle, yet the printing of it may also have taken place before the ter- 
 mination of the same year ; that is, before the conclusion of the month 
 of March. The impression attributed to the press of Ulric Han may 
 
 This preface occupies 3 pages. On the 4lh page commences the proheme of Mitridas 
 upon the Epistles of Brutus : then commence on the 6th page, on the reverse of tha 
 3d leaf from the beginning, the epistles themselves ; which occupy the 14 following leaves. 
 On the recto of the 17th leaf, from the beginning, the subscription is thus : 
 
 Catalogus epl'ar[um] bruti finit foeliciter ; 
 
 On the reverse we read this poetical prefix to the Epistles of Crates, the Cynic : 
 
 Epigranmia in catalogu epl'ar[um} Gratis 
 cynici Diogenis discipuli/ 
 
 H ae tibi uirtutu stimulos, & semina laudii, 
 A tq; exepla dabut cynicae, o lector studiose. 
 P ieriis etenira studiis, multoq; redundant 
 A e loquio.' ne desidiis, dapibus ue paratis 
 I ndulgere uelis / ne ignaua & marcida luxu 
 O cia, ne torpens sonmos admittere inertes. 
 D iscere sed quantu paupertas sobria possit ; 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf commences the proheme of Atanasius Constantinopoli- 
 tanus archiensis abbas,' to the eldest son of Charles of Arragon, concerning these epistles ; 
 which, including this proheme, occupy 9 leaves : ending on the reverse of the 9th : ' Finis 
 Cynicar[um] Cratis ;' Beneath, we read the following curious verses : 
 
 Erhardi Vuindsberg Epigrama ad ger- 
 rcanos libraries egregios, michaelem, mac 
 tinum atq; udalricum ; 
 P lura licet summae dederis alemannia laiidi / 
 
 A t reor hoc mains te genxiisse nihil. 
 Q' prope diuina summa ex industiia fingis 
 
 Scribendi banc arteni, multiplicans studia. 
 F oelices igit[ur] Michael, Martineq; semper 
 
 V iuite, & Vlrice.' hoc q[uei]s opus imprimit[ur]. 
 E rhardum uestro & no dedignemini amore/ 
 C ui fido semper pectore clausi eritis ; 
 
 Next ensue the Epistles of Cardinal Bessarion ; having the Cardinal's prefatory 
 address to Fichetus^' professor! in collegio Sorbonae Parisi amico nostro carissimo,' On 
 the reverse we read the date thus : as above alluded to : 
 
 ■ Valete ex urbe die xiii de- 
 
 cembris .M.cccclxx/ 
 
 This is succeeded by the Cardinal's address—' inclylis atq; illustrissimis italiae principibus.'
 
 H70.] PHALARIS. 231 
 
 however have preceded the present one. That the first Parisian 
 Printers, Gering, Crantz, and Friburger, were the printers of all these 
 Opuscula, is sufficiently evident ; and from the character of the type, 
 this volume was in all probability not published later than the close of 
 the year 1470. On the recto of the first leaf we read the proheme of 
 the translator, F. Aretin ; having this prefix : 
 
 Francisci Aretini.' phalaridis agrigentini 
 in epistolas/ ad illustrem principem malatesta 
 nouellum de malatestis.' prohemiu incipit/ 
 
 These epistles, in the whole, occupy 29 leaves. On the reverse of the 29th leaf, at top, 
 we read a prefix, which describes a very ditferent production of the same author : 
 
 ErVSDEM ad eosdem persuasio/ 
 ex auctoritate Deraosthenis/ 
 
 Then ensues, on the reverse of the succeeding leaf, 
 
 DEMOSTHENIS ORATIO 
 
 pro ferenda ope olynthiis aduersus Philippu 
 regem Macedonnin;* 
 
 with observations at the right side, adapted to the politics of the times. In the whole, 8 leaves. 
 Next follows a summary address to the ' Italia; principes' — in 3 pages. Such is the account 
 of the contents of this curious volume ; which it was thought adviseable to introduce in the 
 present place, rather than under detached heads, among the ' Scriptores Miscellanei, 
 in the subsequent volume. It now remains to subjoin a few bibliographical memoranda. 
 
 In the Bibliogr. Instmct. vol. iv. p. 307, no. 4110, there is only a summary and unsatis- 
 fectory account of these pieces ; and from no. 4125, it would appear that the autlior was ig- 
 norant of this impression of the Epistles of Bessarion. De Bure assigns the date of 1470 to 
 the preceding works. The edition of Bessarion in the Cat. de Gaignat, vol. i. p. 614, 
 no. 2338 seems also to have been a different one. In the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. 
 p. 744, no. 4426, all the pieces of this volume, with the exception of those of Bessarion, 
 are briefly but pertinently described ; and the date of ' about 1471' is assigned to the im- 
 pression ; but the book iserroneously said to be in 8vo. In the same volume of the same cata- 
 logue, p. 56-7, no. 2339, some Opuscula of Bessarion are noticed ; yet a few of those of 
 Fichetus would appear to precede them, one of which is dated 1471. According to the 
 Bibl. Crevtnn vol. iiL p. 72-3, these Opuscula of Fichetus should be three in number ; 
 of which ' the last is the longest and most interesting; comprehending 10 pages.' IVIait- 
 taire, vol. i. p. 294-5, has availed himself of the authority of Chevillier. But we must not 
 forget the notice, by Laire, of a copy of an early impression of Bessarion's Epbtles, in 
 which was a letter of the Rector of the University of Paris, to the Cardinal, dated ' apud 
 iaiictum Mathurinum, anno 1472' — and in which thanks were given him for the seventl 
 books ordered by him for the use of the University hidsx Libror. vol. i. p. 96, no. 31. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 232 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 Below, are 19 lines ; a full page comprehends 23 lines. The im- 
 pression contains 56 leaves ; ending thus : 
 
 Epistola?! Phalaridis foelix finis ; 
 
 All these Opuseula have been mentioned by CheviUier, L'Orig. de 
 rimprim. p. 36-7; and still more distinctly by Panzer, vol. ii. p. 271. 
 This impression is executed upon paper of unusual strength and thick- 
 ness. A genuine copy, in russia binding. 
 
 347- Phalaris. Latine. Printed hy Ferandus. 
 JBrescia. TVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 This rare impression has been well noticed by Morelli and Audiffredi. 
 Panzer, vol. i. p. 261, has quoted the whole of Morelli's remark in the 
 Bihl. PineZZ. vol. ii. p. 213-4; which may indeed be worth bringing 
 forward in the present place : ' Liber longe rarissimus, ac vel prae- 
 cipuis rei Bibliographicse scriptoribus prorsus ignotus. Ab eo typo- 
 graphiam Brixiensem exordium sumpsisse si quis existimet, is hand 
 temere mea sententia faciat : character ejus namque Romanus et rudis 
 est, neque numeri, signaturae, aut custodes adsunt. Ne quis vero 
 Thomam Ferrandum Brixiensem typographum, aut bibliopolam 
 existimet, adjiciam, ejus Orationem quandam in nui)tiis Francisci 
 Gonzagii Marchionis Mantuae, et Isabellae Atestiae habitam, Saec. XV. 
 absque ulla nota impressam, me olira vidisse.' But Denis, in availing 
 himself of the authority of Morelli, is pleased, in his brief account of 
 the volume, to add — after the words ' Thoma Ferrando Auctore* — 
 ' non Typographo ;' see Suppl. Maitt. p. 638, n°. 5628 : for which 
 he has been properly corrected by Audififredi, who subjoins — >' Fer- 
 randus enim non modo hujus editionis typographus exstitit, sed et 
 alterius * longe majoris molis ; qua antiquiorem, alteriusque typo- 
 graphi nomine notatam, inter Brixianas editiones certo detegere 
 Bibliographorum nullus hactenus valuit.' Edit. Ital. p. 199. We 
 proceed to describe the volume. On the recto of the first leaf com- 
 mences the address of the translator, F. Aretin, with nearly the usual 
 prefix : 
 
 • He alludes to the Brescia Statutes, printed in 1473 ; (of which liereafter) 
 and justly adds — ' Aliarumque fortasse iiiihi ignotaruin.' Audiffredi nould have rejoiced 
 to have seen bis reniaik verified in the Lucretius — vide p. 149, ante
 
 Without Date.'] PHALARIS. 233 
 
 FRANCISCI Arrelini ad Illustrem uiru Ma/ 
 latestam nouellum Principem in Phalaridis epi 
 stolas e graeco in latinum traductas. prefatio 
 faeliciter incipit 
 
 There are 19 lines below : a full page comprehends 04 lines. On 
 the recto of the 4th leaf commences the first Epistle — ' Phalaris Ali- 
 ciboo.' Every Epistle has a title or prefix, in capital letters, with the 
 number of each subjoined in Roman numerals. On the reverse of 
 the 55th and last leaf, we read the following subscription : 
 
 FINIS 
 BRIXIAE THOMA FERRANDO AV 
 CTORE. KALENDIS SEPTEMBRIS 
 
 The present is a veiy desirable copy of this uncommon volume ; 
 and is in red morocco binding:. 
 
 348. Phalaris. Latine. TF'ithout Place, Date, 
 or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 I take this to be the edition, for an account of which Panzer, vol. ii. 
 p. 95, refers exclusively to Laire's Index Libror. vol. i. p. 168. The 
 number of lines in the first and last page (as well as in every other) 
 exactly corresponds with the account in this latter authority ; namely, 
 25 lines in each. But Laire is evidently en-oneous in assigning the 
 impression to the press of Zarotiis ; nor can I agree with the ms. ob- 
 servation of Mr. Edwards, in this copy, * that the type is probably 
 Lavagna's.' It wants the breadth and squareness of that of Zarotus, 
 and the elegance and symmetry of that of Lavagna. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, we read the prefix, thus : 
 
 FRANCISCI ARHETINI IN PHA 
 LARIDIS TYRANNI AGRIGENTI 
 NI EPISTOLAS PROEMIVM. 
 
 On the reverse of the 49th and last leaf, we read this subscription : 
 
 Qui modo notus erat nulli : penitus q; latebat. 
 Nunc Phalaris doctum protulit ecce caput. 
 
 VOL. II. H h
 
 234 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 The foregoing is one of those deceptive conclusions by which the 
 inexperienced collector may be led to imagine this impression to be 
 the FIRST extant ; but it is only one of the numerous instances of the 
 air of importance which our ancient printers appear to have assumed 
 in giving publicity to their works. I should apprehend the date of 
 this edition not to be eailier than 14*4 ; although it be without 
 signatures and catchwords. A neat copy, with marginal observations, 
 and bound in yellow morocco. 
 
 349. Phalaris. TVithout Date, Place, or Name 
 of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 It is justly observed by the noble Owner of this copy, that the tj'pe 
 of the present impression resembles that of Sixtus Reusinger, or 
 Riessinger, who printed at Naples between the years 14/0 and 1480. 
 Panzer, vol. iv. p. 384, n°. 88, notices an impression of the Epistles of 
 Phalaris, in the Italian language, by the same printer ; but seems 
 to have been ignorant of the present one in the Latin language. 
 He refers to Giustiniani's Saggio suUa Tipograjia del Regno di Napoli, 
 1793, 4to. p. 39.* Upon a full consideration of the impression, as 
 it lies open before me, I am doubtful whether, notwithstanding it is 
 here inserted as the fourth article, it be not, in reality, the riRsx 
 IMPRESSION of the Latin version of F. Aretin. The proheme of the 
 translator has no prefix ; but the first 9 lines commence according to 
 the ensuing fac-simile : 
 
 ILL^M Malatefla NoucP 
 le Princcps Iltudrls : titam 
 •mihi diccadifacultatem da' 
 xi ; utuel prcflantie tue : uel 
 pbalaridis noflri cpiftdis : 
 cjuas nuper c grcco in lati^ 
 num traduAas ; ec no mini 
 tuo ut policitus (um dicatas : mitto : raea re^ 
 rponderet oratio • Vtrum enim affeciucretur :no 
 
 * A work, which has unluckily long continued a desideratum with me ; and for the 
 preceding title of which, I am indebted to that most valuable of Peignot's publications en- 
 titled B&pertoin Bibliographique Univer$el, 1812, 8vo. p. 355.
 
 Without Date.-] PHALARIS. 235 
 
 It will be seen from this fac-simile, that the type has a resemblance 
 to the smallest type of Ulric Han, and to that with which the Maai- 
 lius of 1474 is executed : vide p. I(i2 ante. A full page has 27 lines. 
 There are no titles to the several Epistles, and the volume is entirely 
 without signatures, catchwords, and numerals. On the reverse of 
 the 47th and last leaf, it terminates thus : 
 
 Phalaridis Tyrani Agrigentini Epistole ad 
 Illustrem principe Malatesta per FranciscQ 
 Aretinura Translate feliciter Explitiunt 
 
 A sound copy, but not free from marginal disfiguring ; in elegant 
 russia binding. 
 
 350. Phalaris. Latine. JVithout Date, Place, 
 or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This edition is unquestionably from the press of Steplien Planck ; 
 and has been briefly but satisfactorily described by Audiffredi, in his 
 Edit. Rom. p. 402. The prefix to the proheme of the translator, is 
 thus : 
 
 f tanci^ci 5llr||ctim in ^^galaritiijef ticanni 
 ^Hgngcntmi epi^tola^ef J^rocmtum. 
 
 A full page has 31 lines. In the whole, 38 leaves. On the reverse of 
 the last leaf, we read the same Latin couplet as terminates the third 
 edition here described : see p. 232 ante. Beneath this, there is a 
 regbter in 10 lines. This edition is probably about the date of 1490. 
 The present is a large, but rather soiled copy, in red morocco binding. 
 Audiffredi notices a very beautiful and illuminated copy in the Casa- 
 natensian library. Few small-sized volumes of typographical anti- 
 quity have a neater aspect than those (when in fine condition) which 
 have descended to us from the press of Stephen Planck.
 
 236 ANCIENT CLASSICS, [renice ; 1498. 
 
 351. Phalaris. Apollonius. Brutus. Epis- 
 TOLJE. Grsece. Printed at Venice, 1498. 
 Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. We now reach the first Greek impression of 
 these celebrated Epistles. The well known controversy concern- 
 ing them, in our own country, between Bentley and Boyle, 
 stands recorded in almost every work of literary biography — ' contro- 
 versia (says Freytag) non sine insigni animorum acerbitate agitata :' 
 Adpar. Literar. vol. ii. p. 1268-9. But our business is with the edition 
 under description. The reader has already learnt (see vol. i. p. 227-8) 
 that this impression contains also the Greek text of ^sop ; which 
 latter has been described in the place here last referred to. Of that 
 portion of it, connected with the above authors, it remains to give a 
 particular account. On the recto of the first leaf, sign, aa, com- 
 mences the prefatory address of the editor, with the usual complaint 
 against printers and publishers : 
 
 Bartholomaeus lustinopolitanus Petro 
 
 Contareno patritio ueneto. S. 
 
 Cum omnium atq; adeo quotidianis querelis rei litterariae 
 
 calamitas deploretur, quae librariorum impressorumque in 
 
 curia in dies difFunditur latius, incredible dictUj nee minus 
 
 foedum^ nullos tam diu bona^ artium cultores extitissCj qui 
 
 sacratissiraum literarum numen ueluta profanis assererent, 
 
 &:c. See. 8cc. 
 
 This address concludes at the 7th line, on the reverse of the same 
 leaf. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, «a ii, the text of the Epistles 
 of Phalaris commences thus : 
 
 ^AAA'PIAO^ E'ni^TOAAr TTPA'N/ 
 NOT A'KPArANTI'NI2N. 
 
 4>A'AAPIS A'AKIBO'fl*. 
 
 V OAT KAej^of 6 jtAgo-OTi'vw?, ou xarYiyogeis zrotga lolg 
 
 uyvQvi 8g, Au'Cjaj euayfsXi^ofLsvo; (roi xm) daxgvoe.. <r$ 
 &c. S&c. &c.
 
 Venice; 1498.] PHALARIS. 237 
 
 Each Epistle has a Greek prefix, or title, and is numbered in Roman 
 numerals. On the reverse of eg iiij (a« /3/3 ?? and ^J having each 8 
 leaves to a signature), we read the following subscription to the 
 cxxxviiith Epistle : 
 
 TeAoj Twv <I>aXapi8of ItTis-oXoiv. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, 1^ commence the Epistles of Apol- 
 LONius, which terminate on the reverse of nn iiij — ^f having eight 
 leaves. The Epistles of Brutus have a proheme, with this prefix on 
 the recto of 60. 
 
 miopiaa'th:^, ba:siaei' migpiaao 
 
 TH Ti2 A''NEvfIi2 XA'IPEIN. 
 
 They terminate on the reverse of 66 x : when we have the following 
 subscription : 
 
 Priuilegio multa indicia uetatur, ne quis ad decern annositn 
 
 piimere possit nee aliubi imprssa uendere usquam locorum 
 
 ditionis inclyti 8c felicissimi. S. Veneti. 
 
 Ex aedibus Bartholomaei lustinopolitani^ Gabrielis Brasi/ 
 
 chellensisj loannis Bissoli^ et Benedicti Mangii carpensium. 
 
 .M.IID. xiiii. cal. lulias. 
 
 The impression of ^sop's Fables ensues : for which, vide ante. 
 Having examined Fabricii Bibl. Gr. vol. i. 671-2, cura Harles ; Saxius, 
 Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dciv; Maittaire, vol. i. p. 256; edit. 1719; 
 Laire's Index Libr or. vol. ii. p. 241; and Seemiller, Incunab. Typog. fasc. 
 iv. p. 105, — I presume to remark, that this impression is evidently the 
 production of a Venetian, and not of a Milan, press. The characters 
 resemble those of Calliergus ; and the names of the publishers appear 
 to be incorporated in the above colophon. It is a volume of extreme 
 rarity. The present is a fail' copy ; in red morocco binding.
 
 238 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renice; 1513. 
 
 352. PiNDARUS. Opera. Callimachus. Dio- 
 NYSius. Lycophron. Grsecc. Printed hy 
 Aldus. Venice. ]513. Octavo. 
 
 Editio Princeps, as well of the Works of Pindar, as of Dionysius, 
 * De Situ Orbis' and of the ' Alexandra' of Lycoph ron : the ' Hymns of 
 Callimachus having already appeared in the XVth century : see vol. i. 
 p. 293. In the Pythia and Nemea, Aldus appears to have consulted a 
 much better MS. than in the Olympia : in the Isthmia he has consulted 
 an ancient but corrupt MS. The preface of this edition is extremely 
 interesting. After giving a sketch of the war that had ravaged Italy, 
 and suspended his typographical labours, Aldus takes a view of what 
 he had already done in the cause of literature, and meditates on his 
 probable future eflforts. From a part of this, pi'eface, we learn that 
 Aldus had already exercised the art of printing twenty years — (' ad 
 labores redii, eos, quos qua durissimos, jam uiginti annos expertus' 
 &c.) — which proves that he began about the year 1493. Those who 
 have not this edition, may see the preface extracted in Maittaire, 
 vol. ii. p. 248-9.' Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 124. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read the titles of the works of the 
 respective authors contained in the edition : these titles are in Greek 
 and Latin. Beneath, is the device ; being n°. I. in Renouard's fac- 
 similes. On the reverse commences the preface, to Andreas Nava- 
 gerus, above noticed ; which comprehends 3 pages. On the following 
 leaf, sign. * iii, begins a table of Contents of the Odes of Pindar — 
 followed, on * iiii, by a brief biography of the poet. The 4 ensuing 
 leaves contain similar tables and biographies of Dionysius and Lyco- 
 phron. These preliminary pieces, including the title page, comprehend 
 8 leaves. On the recto of the following leaf, the Olympics begin thus : 
 
 niNAAPOT OATMniONIKAI. 
 lEPilNI STPAKOY^IX2i 
 KEAHTI. a. 
 
 Pifov ju-sv v^cog, 6 §£ 
 ^pv(roi aJdojasvov vug 
 « are 8<«7rgs7rej vu - 
 
 &c. &c. &c.
 
 Fenice; 1513.] PLATO. 239 
 
 A fuU pa^? has 26 lines. The pages are regularly numbered— 
 within the inner margin, upon the reverse of the leaf, and as usual 
 upon the recto.* Calliraachus commences at p. 2'27 ; Dionysius at 
 p. 271 ; and Lycophron at p. 317. At p. 373 the text of the latter 
 terminates ; and on p. 374, not numbered, we read this colophon : 
 
 Venetijs in adib. Aldi, et Atidrea Afulani 
 Soceri, Menfe lanuario m.d.xiii. 
 
 It is justly said by Renouard that ' the type of this beautiful edition 
 is larger than that which was usually employed by Aldus in his smaller 
 volumes.' The same bibliographer also observes that, from the pre- 
 fiace, it is clear that the Aldine impressions of Pindar, of the dates of 
 1510, 1511, and 1512, are entirely supposititious. L'Imprim. des Aide, 
 vol. i. p. 97-8. The present copy has not escaped the notice of Re- 
 nouard. It is printed upon vellum, in a style of peculiar delicacy 
 and beauty ; and was obtained from the Soubise Collection by the late 
 Count Reviczky,t forming one in the extraordinary suite of vellum 
 Alduses possessed by the noble Owner of it. It is bound by Herring, 
 with great taste and splendour, in olive-colour morocco, silk water- 
 tabby lining, and presei-ved m a blue morocco case. 
 
 353. Plato. Opera. Greece. Printed hy Aldus. 
 Venice. 1513. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The interesting works publii-hed in the 
 Aldine press during the above year, are a sufficient demonstration 
 of the zeal and activity with which Aldus resumed his important 
 labours, after the disturbances which had prevailed at Venice in the 
 two preceding years. Bibliographers are fond of recording the words 
 
 * It would seem that this circumstance had escaped Renouard ; as he says — ' Le texle est 
 en 374 pages chiifirees seulement du cote impair, 1, 3, 5, 7,' &c. 
 
 t It foiTued one in a lot of three, thus described in the H'M. Soubise. p. 324, no. 4702, 
 • Pindari Ol3Tnpia Pnhia, 3cc. Graece. Venet. Aldus, 1313, in 8vo. sur velin. Par. 1518, 
 in 4to. Cum Stholiis Gra;cis. Francof. 1542, in 4to. I remember to have heard Lord 
 Spencer say, that this was the book, which, during the sale of the Pinelli Librarj', Count 
 Reviczky drew out of hb pocket, and shewed him, as a tempting specimeti of his own Col- 
 lection ; afterwards purchased by his Lordship. The Count, at that time, had but on« 
 other VELLUM Aldus ; and tliat an indifferent one.
 
 240 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iVenice ; 1513. 
 
 of Aldus, prefixed to this laborious and beautiful impression : ' &si 
 opere in magno fas est obrepere somnu (non enim unius diei labor 
 hie noster, sed multorum annorum, atque interim nee mora, nee 
 requies.), sic tamen doleo, ut si possem, mutarem singula errata numo 
 aureo.' Well might the distinguished author of the Adagia* expa- 
 tiate in praise of the spirit and meritorious labours of such a printer ! 
 But we return to the volume itself. The editor of it was Marcus 
 MusuRus ; who has inserted an elegiac poem concerning Plato, which 
 is said to have so much delighted Pope Leo the Xth, that, on that ac- 
 count alone, the editor was preferred to an archbishopric. t Although 
 the critical acumen displayed in this impression has been greatly 
 excelled by that of subsequent scholars, yet is the edition entitled 
 to our attention, as a number of good MSS. and ancient publications 
 were consulted in the compilation of it. See the authorities referred 
 to in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 132. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 A'nANTA TA tot HAATflNO^. 
 
 OMNIA PLATONIS OPERA. 
 
 The large anchor, in outline, is beneath. The reverse of the leaf is 
 blank. On the recto of the following leaf, Ii, commences ' the Sup- 
 plication of Aldus to Pope Leo X. in the cause of Christianity and 
 Literature,' which concludes at bottom of I 2 recto : on the reverse, 
 we read an ' Index Librorum Platonis.' On I 3, recto, commence 
 some Greek verses of Musurus, which conclude on the reverse of I 4. 
 On I 5, is the table of Plato's Works, in Greek, more particular than 
 the preceding Latin table. Then follows the Greek biography of 
 Plato, from Diogenes Laertius ; occupying 9 leaves. Afterwards, a 
 blank leaf. Tlie text of the Dialogues commences on sign, a ; having 
 the page numbered. At page 495 we read 
 
 MEME'HENO^. H'^ E"niTA'4>IO^. 
 TA TOr AIAAOTOT npo':Si2nA. 
 
 * See the interesting extract from Froben's edition of this work of Erasmus, in Mait- 
 taire's Annal. Typog. vol. ii. p. 44-5. 
 
 t Tlie reader may consult Roscoe's Lor. de Medici, vol, ii. p. 238-9, 4to. edit, upon the 
 above subject. An extract from it is given in the Introd. to the Classics, \'A. ii. p. 132, 
 note : but he will find the circumstance mentioned by Aldus himself, in the extract from 
 the preface to Pausanias, ante, p. 218.
 
 renice; 1513.] PLATO. 241 
 
 the Dialogue terminating at p. 502, and being succeeded by a blank 
 leaf. The Politics commence with a fresh set of signatures, on A, thus : 
 
 nAA'TilNOS nOAlTEIf2N, OPIi'TH. 
 
 The pagination also recommences ; and at p. 141 the Politics con- 
 clude. At p. 142 the TimcEus begins ; and the remaining works of the 
 philosopher extend as far as p. 439 : the Epistles occupying the two 
 last pages. I subjoin the register and imprint. 
 
 1 2 a b c d e f g h i k 1 m n o p q r f t u X y z aa bb cc 
 ddeeffgghhii. ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQ 
 R S T V X Y Z AA BB CC DD EE. 
 
 Omnes quaterniones prseter 2 8c ii 8c EE duerniones. 
 
 VENETIIS IN AEDIB. ALDI, ET ANDREAE SOCERI MENSE 
 SEPTOIBRI. M.D.XIII. 
 
 On the reverse of the last leaf is the anchor, as before, in outline. 
 Renouard has not failed to notice the vellum copy of this beautiful 
 volume which is in the Medicean Library, as well as the two 
 SIMILAR copies in our own counti'y : one in the library of Westminster 
 Cathedral, wanting the life of Plato ; and the other perfect copy, now 
 in the Hunter Collection at Glasgow.* In regard to copies of it 
 upon PAPER, it wiU hardly be possible to find a larger or a more 
 beautiful one, in every respect, than that under description. It 
 was obtained from the Cabinet de M. Firmin Didot, which was sold 
 at Paris in 1810 ; and is described in the sale catalogue, n°. 106, as 
 ' exemplaire — d'une beauts et d'une conservation extraordinaires. 11 
 est encore dans sa premiere reliure.' The copy in the Cracherode 
 collection, and those in the collections of Mr. J. Raine, and Mr. Heber, 
 are also exceedingly fine ones. 
 
 • This copy was formerly iii the Harleian Collection : see Bibl. Harl. vol. i. no. 5404. 
 It was purchased, with the entire Collection, by Osborne the bookseller ; and marked iu 
 his catalogue of 1748, no. 1957, at 21l. Ur. Askew afterwards became the possessor of it; 
 and at the sale of his books in 1775, no. 2656, it was purchased by the late Dr. William 
 Hunter. I saw this copy in the Doctor's collection, before the latter was removed to 
 Glasgow J and shall not easily forget the lustre of the ink and the purity of tiie vellum '. 
 
 VOL. II.
 
 242 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice ; 1491. 
 
 354. Plato. Opera. Latine. Printed hy B. 
 de C. de Cremona, and Simon de Luero. Venice. 
 1491. Folio. 
 
 Editio Secunda. Latinfe. De Bure, vol. iii. p. 156-7, has merely 
 alluded to a supposed earlier impression of this version of Plato, exe- 
 cuted at Florence ; without venturing to decide upon the chronological 
 priority of either the Florentine or the Venetian edition. If he had 
 examined the Jmccnitates LiteraricE of Schelhorn, vol. 1. p. 89-90, he 
 would have found it most probable that the Florentine impression 
 preceded the one which we are about to describe.* It is well known 
 that Marsilius Ficinus was the first translator of Plato: — ' eminet 
 inter ea [Marsilii Ficini scripta] PJatonis editio' — are the Avords of 
 Schelliorn; whose account of the studies and works of Ficinus is well 
 deserving of the scholar's attention. Nor should the critical care and 
 correction of Marcus Musurus, in this same translation, be unno- 
 ticed. In regard to the rarity, or bibliographical value, of the pre- 
 sent impression, I am not aware that either the one or the other 
 entitles it to a more copious account than that which here ensues : 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, are the verses of ' Naldvs Nandivs 
 Florentinvs,' in praise of the work : beneath, we read the words 
 * Diuus Plato.' The proheme of Ficinus immediately commences on 
 
 * ' Quo autem anno, Ficino obstetricante, Platonis Opera, Latine reddita, publicam 
 lucem priino viderint, praecise detenninare baud possum. Quamvis eiiiin jam versare ma- 
 nibus, Bibliotheca Memmingensium publica earn mibi suppeditante, primam illam editionem 
 mihi liceat, anni taraen iudicio ea destituta est, bis tantum in fine verbis adjectis-^' Im- 
 pressum Florentie per Laurentiii Venetum.' Scbelhorn adds a strong con'oborative passage, 
 from tbe version of Plotinus, by tbe same translator, to tbis eflect : — When Pitus Miran- 
 diila first came to Florence, between the years 1480 and 1490, he immediately enquired of 
 Ficinus ' how he went on with Plato?' to which Ficinus replied — ' Plato noster— hodie 
 liminibus nostris est egressus.' Tbe entire passage, from tbe preface to the version of 
 Plotinus of 1492, may be seen in Scbelhorn. But from this passage, tbe above version of 
 Plato may have appeared in 1491. The principal question therefore is, to know at what 
 precise time Mirandula made the enquiry of Ficinus? If immediately on bis arrival at 
 ilorence, which Ficmus himself seems to intmiate,— [' me statim post primam salutationem 
 de Platonc rogat'] — and that arrival took place before the year 1490, then there can be no 
 doubt about the priority of the Florintine impression. This inference seems strengthened 
 from the very particular description of the Florentine impression by Fossi: Bibl. Magliabech. 
 vol. ii. col. 366-7 ; and Braun, Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. ii. p. 21. Seemilier, Iiwunab. Typog. 
 fcKC. iv. p. 124, refers to Sebclboru and Braun.
 
 Venice; 1472.] PLAUTUS. 243 
 
 the reverse. The three ensuing leaves comprehend the Life of I'lalo : 
 the vsrord ' VITA' being as the running title. On the recto of the 
 following leaf, sign, a, commences the Hipparchus of Plato. On 
 the reverse of HH viij, the colophon is thus : 
 
 €3[inpref!Gfum tiacnetij^ pcx Jhimontxn Hicf^at 
 tiuni tit Hucto. 13. 5llugu.0ti. 1491. 
 
 The Register, beneath, informs us that each of the three alphabets of 
 the signatures runs in eights ; with the exception of a; and of p and q 
 in the first alphabet — ® and Jf in the second — and (S<S and 1^1^ in the 
 third — a haAung only four, and each of the others ten, leaves. Two 
 leaves of chapters foUow &pl^ x. In the whole, 444 numbered leaves, 
 from the commencement of the ' Hipparchus :' which, as has been 
 shewn, is preceded by 4 leaves, not numbered. The type is a small 
 gothic one, very closely printed in two columns. The present is an 
 indiflferent copy, in calf binding. 
 
 355. Plautus. Printed hi/ John de Colonia, and 
 Vindelin de Spira. Venice. 1472. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. We will first give a more particular account of 
 this rare and magnificent impression than has hitherto appeared ; and 
 in the second place subjoin a few bibliographical notices relating to 
 it. On the recto of the first leaf we read the prefatory epistle of the 
 editor, having this prefix : 
 
 Reuerendissimo in Christo patri k. domino lacobo Zeno 
 Pontifici Patauino Georgius Alexandrinus Salutem 
 plurima dicit. 
 
 This epistle is followed by a Life of Plautus, and a list of his 
 Comedies :t in the whole, 3 leaves. A blank leaf ensues. On the 
 recto of the 5th leaf begins the * Amj)hitryo,' thus : 
 
 t In tliis list, Amphitrj'o is made to begin — ' In facieni uorsus' — in tlie text, it is as ilie 
 reader may see above. The Treviso edition has copied tliis inconsistencj-.
 
 244 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fmice; 1472. 
 
 Plauti Comici clariss. Amphitrjo. 
 Argumentum. 
 
 N faciem uersus amphitryonis iuppiter 
 Dum bellum gereret cum telebois liostibus : 
 Alcumenam uxorem cppit usurariam : 
 Mercurius forraam sosip serui gerit 
 Absentis ; his alcumena decipitur dolis : 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 The opening of the Dialogue, on the 7th leaf, is as follows : 
 
 Sosia. Mercurius. 
 
 So. q. Vi me : alter est audacior homo ? Aut qui cofideritior ? 
 luuentutis mores qui scia: qui hoc noctis solus abule? 
 Quid faciam nuc si tres uiri me in carcere copegerit ? 
 8cc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 A full page contains 41 lines. The impression terminates thus, on 
 the 243rd and last leaf: 
 
 Phr. Aeque ut re bene gesta uestra rursii bene gera 
 Amabo si quid anim.atust facere : facia : ut scia : 
 Veneris causa adplaudite. eius hpc in tutela e fabula: 
 Spectatores bene ualete. plaudite atq; exurgite. 
 
 Then follows the same sentence as that which precedes the colophon 
 m the ensuing impression ; except that the word ' iterum* is omitted, 
 and the names of the printers — * loannis de Colonia Agripinensi : 
 atq; Vindelini de Spira ' — are substituted for those of the other prin- 
 ters. The colophon is thus : 
 
 VENETIIS. M.CCCC.LXXII. Nicolao Throno Principe 
 iucundissimo 8c Duce foelicissimo. 
 
 The impression is without signatures, numerals, and catchwords. 
 The present is a large and sound copy of it, (with the exception of a 
 few of the latter leaves) in red-morocco binding.
 
 re?iicej 1472.] PLAUTUS. 245 
 
 According to the Bibl. Harleian. vol. iii. n^ 1113, the editor of this 
 impression ' deserves the highest encomiums for having divided the 
 text of Plautus into verses : the Comedies of Terence were long pub- 
 lished without any regard to the metre." The same authority, (which, 
 however, erroneously assigns the date of 1473 to the impression) 
 refers us very properly to the interesting prefatory epistle of Merula ; 
 wherein the completion of the edition is compared to the labours of 
 Hercules.* * I have lately (says Harles) obtained a copy of this 
 Editio Princeps ; and I have observed, what has not been mentioned 
 by former bibliographers, that it frequently departs from other edi- 
 tions, especially in the length of the verses ; that, in the middle of 
 some of the Comedies, there are chasms to the extent of nearly four 
 pages ; but whether this has happened from accident, or from want 
 of materials in the origmal MS., or from the intention of the editor, 
 I am unable to determine.' Many other instances of variations from 
 the edition are then mentioned by Harles. See the Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii. 138-9. A note by the late Bishop of Ely, relating to 
 a transposition of a page in the Persae and Stichus, may be worth im- 
 parting — • Quam ob causam (says the Bishop) ita evenit prorsus nescio, 
 sed pagina tota tertia Persarum ad Stichum pertinet, et illic rect^ 
 post 27 folia interposita, repetitur. Aversa hujus paginae facies in 
 Sticho alba est.' De Bure is tolerably particular in his Bibliogr. 
 Instruct, vol. iii. p. 246-7, but not free from a trifling error ; as a 
 correction of it, in the Cat. de Guignat, vol. i. p. 406, n°. 1573, de- 
 monstrates. He observes that the greater number of copies of this 
 
 • It is justly said by JNIaittaire, vol. i. p. 314, that the editor of this impression was 
 Merula ; although his christian names only are inserted in the prefix of his epistle to 
 Jacobo Zeno, Bishop of Padua. Referring the reader to the entire epistle, as it is extracted 
 in the Bibl. Smith. Ajrp. p. cxvii, and Spec. Lit. Brix. pt. i. p. 4, (the latter, from the 
 reprint of it in the Tre^^so edition of 1482), I shall here detain him only for a minute by 
 the following brief but interesting poition of it — ' .Nam Plautinje Vigmti Comoedia;, qu» ad 
 hoc aevi dumtaxat extant, latinae scilicet linguae deliciae, rerum atque verborum venustate et 
 festiva sermonis elegantia legentium animos mira voluptate afficereut, nisi pluribus in locis 
 dimidiatae haberentur ; et turn teraporum injuria, tum litteratorum negligenti arrogantia, et 
 librarionun iuscitia depravatae forent ; et sive gentium, sive naturae historia; non indigerent, 
 atque tam Graecorum tarn Romanorum prisca consuetudine et jampridem desita obscure 
 essent. Quo fit ut frequentem ac curiosum lectorem non minus sollicitura faciant et vexent, 
 quam si cupidinis sagitta ilia aurea confiius rasticani et in totuni viro perosam virgmem 
 sequeretur. Quare qui provinciam hujusmodi duram ac sane perdilhcilem coeperit, quippiam 
 ille non sohun amantis inconcessa, sed plane herculei laboris habere videtur.' In the 
 Spec. La. Bris (pref. p. iii-v) pt. i. p. 1-4, there b, occasionally, a spirited notice of the 
 author of this preface.
 
 246 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [JFithout Date. 
 
 first edition, in Paris, were imperfect, Fossi does not fail to call the 
 impression * elegantissima editio ;' Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 369 : 
 his description is brief, but exact. Freytag has spoken of the editor 
 
 « vir — inter Immanarum litterarum Professores magni nominis' — 
 
 with sufficient respect ; but seems to have been indebted to Mait- 
 
 taire and Quirini * for his knowledge of this impression. Adpar. 
 Litterar. vol. ii. p. 1334-5. Laire notices a copy of it upon vellum 
 
 « apud Canonicos Patavinos :' Index. Libror. vol. i. 284-5. The 
 
 present copy is a very magnificent one ; in dark-red stained morocco 
 binding 
 
 356. Plautina Dicta. Without Name of Prin- 
 ter, Place, or Date, Quarto. 
 
 This rare and curious little volume is on many accounts interesting 
 to the classical bibliographer. It appears never to have been seen by 
 Panzer, La Serna Santander, and Brunet, and is very briefly and ob- 
 scurely described by Maittaire. Such is its rarity, that although the 
 editor of it, Bonus Accursius Pisanus, was one of the most distin- 
 guished literary characters at Milan, in the XVth century, the book 
 seems to have entirely escaped the researches of Saxius, in his truly valu- 
 able Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol.f 1745, folio. Accursius is said by Saxius — 
 ' ad locupletandam rarioribus libris literariam Rempublicam totum se 
 contulisse ;' and whoever reads the brief but interesting prefaces of 
 the former, to a few only of his publications, (see the one prefixed to 
 the first Greek edition of ^sop, in vol. i. p. 222 of this work) will 
 observe with what care and anxiety this illustrious scholar seems to 
 have smoothed the road of learning to young people in particular : — 
 how he adapts his publications to the minds of junior students : — and 
 how he appears to have devoted nearly the whole of his time to the 
 successful cultivation of literature in the rising generation. In the 
 present volume, he tells the respectable character to whom it is dedi- 
 cated — that ' his labour may be productive of some little utility and 
 
 * After referring to Maittaire, Freytag adds — ' Vid. de Georgii Menilae in Plautum 
 meritis, eminentissimi Qurini Spec. Variae Litteraturaj Brkiensis P. i. p. 1. seq. vbi et 
 alisE editiones Piauti vetustae, insigni cura atque soliertia describuntur.' But I question 
 whether Quirini ever saw the Editio Princeps of this r.uthor. His knowledge of the 
 labours ofMerula seems to have drawn from theTrevisa xqftl^t of the Spira impression, 
 t See p. xciv, aud cols, clxi — clxviii. "^
 
 mthout Date.) PLAUTUS. 21/ 
 
 elegance in forming the minds of young people;- and not only to the 
 grand-children of his patron, but to youth in general, who were de- 
 sirous of grounding themselves in a knowledge of pure Latin ; espe- 
 cially in the composition of Epistles, and in familiar discourse'— l»it 
 this prefatory address shall speak for itself, and will be found in the 
 note below.* 'J'he volume may be called, in modern language, an 
 Abridgment OF Plautus. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf contains a register : the 3 foUowino- pa^es 
 are occupied by the subjoined preface of the Editor. On Ai, commence 
 the excerpts irom the Amphitryo, thus : 
 
 VSTAM Rem 8c faci 
 i le esse orata a uobis uolo. 
 
 Na iuste ab iustis iustus 
 
 sum orator datus. 
 Nam iniusta a iustis ipetrari no decet. 
 lusta aut ab iniustis petere insipietia e 
 
 See. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 Similar extracts, from the remaining nineteen plays, ensue. A full 
 page has 9.0 lines. The signatures, A to E, then A to H, run in 
 
 • ' Bonus Accursius pisanus uiro magnifico ac ducali Quaestori dignissimo lohanni roellio 
 salute plurima dlcit. 
 
 VcUera equide ut caeteri clues mediolaneses ita boiiarum litteraium studiis delectaretur : 
 ut te seper aniaduerti uir egregie Johannes nielti. Nam cu proxiinis diebus quaeda dicta 
 plautia attetis auribus audisses : eaque hilar! facie excepisses: facile mihi sum itelligere 
 uisus igenii tui elegautia. quo factu e : ut ipsa fere oia memoratu digna Plauti dicta ex 
 coraoediis uigiti a me collecta in unu copendium redigercm : eaq; ad le dareque tuo noie 
 elferetur in populu. Nam quo pacto quis elegater quicquam aut loquatur aut scribat Plauto 
 ignorato? qui inter latinos oes uel Ciceronis testiuionio niaxie excellit. Tuo igitur beneiicio 
 qui natura liberalissimus es 6c optius sane uir : hie mens labor iion parum utilitatis <^ irrna- 
 menti afferet iuuentuti. iton solum nepotibns tuis quos loco Jiliorum duels: sed eteteris ctiam 
 omnibus: qui tneroE latinitatis se studiosos esse coneupierint. prtTseiiim in e})istolis eomponendis 
 atque sermonefamiliari. Vt illud prius uitelligas me primum omniu inuenisse ea plautum 
 usum argutia : ut per capita uersuu argumenti norae cuiusque fabulae litteris suis expresserit 
 quod ttiam ea e ratione a me factum : quoniam quida non indoctus uulgo existimatus non 
 solum non animaduerterit : sod per sa;pe vaehementer errauerit : ut menechmi dictione 
 tris^llaba menecliini dLxerit rautata. m. iittera. i. i. &. n. Hoc igitur munusculum a me 
 nunc accipies. propedicm fortassc si per otium licuerit : maius aliquoil habiturus, ^ ale uir 
 optimoi-um omnium optime.'
 
 248 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Treviso; 1482. 
 
 eights ; and the volume terminates with extracts from the Truculentus, 
 on the reverse of H ii, thus : 
 
 Hie edepol remoratus est me. 
 Age age absolue : atq; argentu nume 
 ra : ne comites morer. 
 
 At the conclusion of each play there is generally the word Finis ; sur- 
 rounded by stars, or small letters, by way of ornament. The type is 
 large and bold ; and very different from the roman type of Gerard de 
 Leuu, both in character and size.* Maittaire, vol. i. p. 353-4, happened 
 to examine a copy of this impression which was bound with a work en- 
 titled ' Mirabilia Romce, 1475', and to which latter were subscribed, in 
 the colophon, the words G::TARVISII :: F :: (that is, Gerardus de 
 Flandria); and Panzer, in consequence, attributed the present produc- 
 tion to the same printer ; although Maittaire had in fact described this 
 latter work to be ' minore charactere.' The printer of this edition is 
 therefore not yet satisfactorily ascertained ; but the date of it may be 
 somewhere about the year 1474-6 ; as Accursius, at the close of his 
 preface, speaks of the work being a prelude ' to other greater labours.' 
 Nothing can well exceed the beautiful condition of this desirable vo- 
 lume. It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 357. Plautus. Printed hy Paul de Feraria, and 
 Dionysius de Pononia. Ireviso. 1482.f Folio. 
 
 It seems to be agreed among bibliographers that the present im- 
 pression is only a reprint of the preceding one. We shall therefore 
 be brief, but sufficiently particular, in the description of it. The first 
 
 • As may be seen in the Mercurius Trismegistus, printed by Gerard de Leuu, at 
 Treviso, in 1471 :-r-with his name' Gerardus de Lisa' subjoined. 
 
 t ' Mention is made of an edition of this date, printed at Deventer in folio. Piuizer, 
 vol. i. p. 354, refers to Maittaire, and Maittaire to Fabr. Bibl. Lot. vol. i. p. 8. I have 
 examined all the authorities referred to, and as every thuig seems to depend upon the mere 
 assertion of Fabricius, whose knowledge ot books printed in the xvth century was far from 
 being extensive, there is good reason, I think, to doubt the existence of the impression. 
 Ernesti barely states the words of Fabricius. De Bure suspects the edition, and the Bipont 
 Editors merely state the place, without any description of the book. Introd to the Classics, 
 vol. ii. p. 139, note.
 
 mthout Date.] PLAUTUS. 249 
 
 three leaves are occupied by the prefatory epistle, and the Life of Plau- 
 tus, by George Alexander Merula. On the reverse of the third leaf, is a 
 list of the several plays, with the first two or three words of the com- 
 mencement to each.* On sig. b (1) the text of Amphitryo begins : this 
 signature has 10 leaves ; but the rest, to j, have each only 8 leaves. 
 After J, follow &, 9, and K— each in 8. Then A, B, C in eights, D six, 
 E seven. On tlie reverse of E vj, we read the colophon, thus : 
 
 P lautinse uiginti Comedicc : I'lguae latinje delicias : magna 
 ex parte itei? emendatae perGeorgium Alexandrinum. De 
 cuius eruditione 8c diligentia iudicent legentes. Im- 
 pressas fuere opera : 8c iinpendio Pauli de Feraria. atq; 
 Dionvsii de Bononia. 
 
 TAR VISIT. M.CCCCLXXXII. DIE. XXI. IVNII. lOANNE MOCE 
 J^IGO PRINCIPE IVCVNDISSIMO ET DVCE FOELICISSImo 
 
 On the recto of the opposite leaf is the Register. The present is a 
 soiled copy ; in handsome red morocco foreign binding. 
 
 358. Pl AUTUS. Without Name of Printer, Place, 
 or Date. Folio. 
 
 This edition, as appears from the title, contains the united labours 
 of Hermolaus, Merula, Politian, and Beroaldus, ' with many additions.' 
 It seems to have escaped Panzer; but is noticed in the Bibl. Harleian, 
 vol. iii. n°. 827, and will be found, from the sequel, to be rather an 
 interesting acquisition to the impressions of Plautus. The title, as 
 before noticed, is on the recto of tlie first leaf, sign, a : the reverse is 
 blank. A life of Plautus by George Merula, a list of the plays, with titles 
 of discovered fragments, ensue ; occupying 3 leaves, the reverse of the 
 third being blank. On b, recto, the Amphitryo commences, surrounded 
 by commentary : the remaining plays have only marginal annotations. 
 The signatures nin in sixes, from a to g inclusively ; h and i are in 
 eights ; k, 1, m, in sixes ; n to r inclusively, in eights ; s, six ; t to z, in 
 eights ; z, &, sixes ; and o, B!, eights. Then a fresh alphabet, as 
 far as H ; of which A, F, and G, are in sixes : the remainder in eights. 
 
 * Tlie error noticed in the first line of these titles, in the preceding edition, p. 243, is 
 faithfully propagated in the present one : but that of the transposition of a page, mentioned 
 by the late Bbhop of Ely (p. 245, ante) is, as Lord Spencer remarks, here corrected. 
 VOL. II. K k
 
 250 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renke ; 149;). 
 
 On the reverse of H iij, the text concludes : after which we have 
 a subscription, in ten lines, informing us that — ' studio & 
 diligent ia Sebastiuni Ducii et Georgii Galbiati pristinam quasi 
 imaginem ipse plautus resumpsit.' It appears also, from the same 
 subscription, that the manuscript used by Merula and Politian had 
 been duly collated. No mention is made of the place, or date,* of 
 the execution of the volume. Next ensues, what is said in the Harleian 
 catalogue (Ibid) to be 'a description of a Greek play called Cottabus, 
 with a cut exhibiting a representation of it.' Both this description 
 and the cut are too interesting to be withheld from the classical anti- 
 quary ; and are accordingly here submitted to his consider'ation. 
 
 Ex graeco. 
 
 Cottabus genus ludi couiuialis tale; Erectu stabat lignu in 
 
 loco couiuii libra babes supimposita: quas facile descederet: 
 
 circa aututraq; lance librae stabat peluiscula imagunculara 
 
 habes mediam affixa: paru aute a lancibus capita imagiiculaK 
 
 distabant: ut inclinantes lances capita earu ofFenderet : 8c 
 
 sonitu redderent. Implentes igit uino os conuiuae exspuebat 
 
 in lance quae pcussa uini pondere : quod liqdum 8c latagen 
 
 uocabant : ut 8c lancis excussio i uertice feriret iraagucula : 
 
 couiuis uictor talis ee iudicabat.f 
 
 * See the note in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 139 — taken from the description 
 in tlie Harleian catalogue. I should apprehend the date of the edition to be between the 
 years 1490 and 1500. 
 
 t It may be observed that there were other modes of playing at the Cottabus,
 
 renice; 1499.] PLAUTUS. 251 
 
 A leaf only ensues ; containing, on the recto, a register of the work 
 — the reverse of it being blank. The present is the identical copy 
 which was in the Harleian collection ; and like most of the books in 
 that extraordinary library, is in fine sound condition. It is in red- 
 morocco binding. 
 
 359. Plautus. Printed hy Simon Bivilaqua. 
 Venice. 1499. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read the title of the volume, which 
 informs us that it contains the annotations of P. Valla and B. Sara- 
 CENUS. On the reverse is the address of Valla to Scaramuza 
 Trivultius. As Seemiller has properly observed, the impression is 
 divided into two parts : the first part containing the annotations of 
 Valla upon select passages, without the whole of the text : the second 
 part containing the annotations of Saracenus with the whole of the 
 text. The first part extends from A to m ; A having 10, the rest, to k, 
 8 : k, 1, and ra, 6, leaves. On aa i commences the address of Saracenus 
 to Franciscus jNIarcellus ; this signature, 6 leaves. Next, on a i, the 
 proheme of Saracenus ; and on a ii, the text of Plautus, with his com- 
 mentary. The signatures nan from a to z, &, o, re, in eights — then A 
 to E in eights : E six, and F four. On the recto of F iij, we read the 
 imprint, thus : 
 
 Injpressum Venetiis per Simonem Papiensem dictum 
 Biuilaqua: 8c summa diligetia emendatQ ut ex postremis 
 castigatioibus patebit. Anno humaitatisXpi.M.CD.XCIX. 
 XV. Klendas* Octobres. Sereniss. Augustino Barbadico 
 Venetoium Duce Imperante. 
 
 Beneath we read some verses of Palladius Soranus to Saracenus, &c. 
 which are extracted by Mittarelli, Appx. Libror. Sac. xv, col. 366-7. 
 
 besides that here described : one of these consisted in the guests dashing a part of the 
 wine out of tlieir cups upon the floor, or into a vessc! of water, and he who couJd in this way 
 occasion the sharpest and loudest sound, gained the assigned prize. The above description 
 does not convey any favourable notions of the delicacy of the convivial pastimes of the 
 Greeks : but the reader may consult Athenaeus, and the useful and popular manual of 
 Wilson's Archaological Dictionary, Art. Cottabus. 
 • Sic.
 
 252 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fbrnce; H99. 
 
 To the right, is the device of the printer, according to the following 
 fac-simile : — from which it will appear that Bevilaqua might have 
 inserted his name with a little more attention to lineal exactness. 
 
 * 
 
 On the reverse is a register, followed by errata and addenda, which 
 fill the entire page on the recto of F iv. Seemiller/cfsc. iv. p. 113, 
 and Mittarelli (ut supra) are much more satisfactory than Maittaire, 
 vol. i. p. 688 ; and Laire, Index Libror. vol. ii. p. 252. Panzer is suffi- 
 ciently particular. The copy of this edition in the public library at 
 Nuremberg, is briefly mentioned by De Murr in his Memorab. Bibl. 
 Publ Norimb. vol. ii. p. 199. The present is a large and beautiful copy 
 of this elegantly printed volume ; and is magnificently bound in red 
 morocco — foreign binding. It belonged to the library of Camus de 
 Limare.
 
 Fenice; 1469.] PLINY SENIOR. 253 
 
 360. Plautus. Printed hy Scinzenzeler. Milan. 
 1500. Folio. 
 
 This impression contains the elaborate commentary of I. Baptists 
 Pius upon Plautus ; and, as Saxius has well remarked, ' is printed in 
 a neat Roman type, without paginary numerals.* See the Hist. Lit. 
 Typog. Mediol. p. dcvi ; note (o). The title is printed in large lower- 
 case Gothic, having some verses of Sebastian Ducius beneath. On the 
 reverse is the address of P. Beroaldus to the reader ; succeeded by a 
 similar address from Pius himself: the title of the latter is in red ink. 
 Other addresses, with a table, occupy the remaining leaves of sign. AA. 
 We have next the advertisement of the Commentator, occupying a 6 ; 
 then commences, on sign, b, the Amphitryo of Plautus ; surrounded, 
 like evei*y other page, by the commentary. The signatures, from b to 
 z, &, 0, and W, run in eights : next, A to Z in eights : then aa to 
 cc in eights : cc having ten. On the reverse of cc ix, we read the 
 imprint thus : 
 
 Impressum Mediolani perMagistrum Vldericum sciuzenze 
 ler anno doniini. Mccccc. die. xviii. mensis. lanuarii. 
 
 The device of the printer, precisely like the fac-simile appended to the 
 colophon of the Isocrates of 1493, (see p. 97 ante) is immediately 
 beneath ; from which we may infer that Scinzenzeler probably executed 
 the work here last mentioned. A leaf, with the register on the recto, 
 concludes the impression. From Einesti we learn that the commen- 
 tator made some important omissions and corrections of the notes in 
 this impression, which appear in the Bologna Lucretius of 1511, and 
 the Parisian Lucretius of 1514. See Fabric. Bibl. Lat. vol. i. p. 16. 
 The present is a fine genuine copy, in old red-morocco binding. 
 
 361. Plinius Senior. Opera. Printed hi/ lohn 
 de Spira. Venice. 1469. Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps. There are few productions of ancient printing 
 more interesting than the present one ; whether we consider the 
 magnificence of its execution, the importance of the publication, or 
 the interest excited by the printer of it. Of these, in due order. 
 The reader, in vol. i. p. 323, has been informed that the present work
 
 254 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Venice; 1469. 
 
 is the second, of the three only, which are known to have issued from 
 the press of John de Spira ; and when he duly estimates its magni- 
 iicence and beauty, he can only regret that there are not numerous 
 other specimens from the same press. It was not therefore "without 
 justice that tliis publication was described, in the privilege granted by 
 the Venetian Senate to J. de Spira, as ' nobile opus — pulcherrim^ 
 literarum forma.'* Our wonder is increased, on examining this volu- 
 minous book of about 700 pages, when we learn, from the testimony of 
 the printer's brother, that it was executed within a space of time not 
 exceeding three months, t From the same authority it also appears 
 that only 100 copies of it were struck off. The collector therefore 
 will not fail to treasure it accordingly. 
 
 That this impression, at the time of its publication, must have 
 been considered a most important work, is evident, as weU fi"om the 
 nature of its contents and value of the text, J as from the presumed 
 
 • This privilege appears iii a brief and animated disquisiliou of Denis entitled, ' Suffra- 
 gium pro Icanne De Spira Primo Vaietiarum Typographo.' Vien. 1794, 8vo. The privilege 
 was copied and fon>'arded to Denis by Morelli ; with some apposite remarks by the latter. 
 The whole of Denis's brochure is rery interesting to a bibliographer ; and shall be made 
 particularly known to the public in a future work. Meantime the reader may not object 
 to see an excellent use made of it (in regard to this edition) by Lichtenberger, in his Initia 
 Typographical p. 163-4. 
 
 t From the colophon to Vindelin de Spira's edition of S. Austin, De Civitate Dei, 14T0. 
 As this latter edition is not, at present, in Lord Spencer's collection, I subjoin the poetical 
 colophon of it, by the brother of John de Spira, as it appears in Panzer and Lichtenberger. 
 
 Qui docuit Yenetos exscribi posse loannes 
 Mense fere trino centena uolumina Flint 
 Et totidem magni Ciceronis Spira libellos : 
 Coeperat Aureli, subita sub morte peremtus 
 Non potuit coeptum Venetis finire uolumen. 
 Vindelinus adest eiusdem frater : & arte 
 Non minor ; Adriacaque morabitur urbe. 
 
 M.CCCCLXX 
 
 Chevillier, L' 0>-ig. de L'Imprim. p. 73, and Meerman, Orig. Typog. vol. i. p. 15 note ng, 
 have mentioned the same circumstance. 
 
 t The Bipont editors thus obsene upon the text, from Rezzonicus : ' Vitiose expressa 
 multa, sed tamen meliora quam in aliis editionibus ; unde ad textum Plinii constituendum 
 necessaria est.' Consult also Emesti's Fabr. Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 186. Perhaps Firmin 
 Didot has presumed a little too much upon this authority, when he observes that it is an 
 edition ' tres pr^cieuse a cause des excellentes le90iis que I'on y trouve.' Cat. des Livres du 
 Cabinet de Firmin Didot ; 1810. no. 169.
 
 Fenice; 1469. PUNY SENIOR. 255 
 
 avidity of purchasers from the numerous impressions of it during the 
 fifteenth century. For want of Greek characters, the printer has 
 been obliged to supply a Greek passage by tliese barbarous words, in 
 the Roman letter, ' Xaxilipcui canece comai coe kpturae trata 
 una ciezica.' This occurs towards the close of the viith book : * but 
 in the impression of the subsequent year, the passage is as follows : 
 vaucrjxpa-njcr TKrccixsvov aOrjvuoa- ave$>jx£V. We proceed to a compendious 
 description of the volume. On the recto of the first leaf, there are, 
 at top, eleven lines of a biography of the elder Pliny by Suetonius : 
 next, Pliny's letter to Domitian, concluding on the recto of the second 
 leaf. Then ensues a table of contents of the several books in Plinv ; 
 which table comprises 17 leaves. On the recto of the succeeding 
 leaf, being the I9th from the commencement of the volume, the first 
 book of the Natural History begins thus : 
 
 VNDVM ET HOC QVOD NOMINE 
 
 alio Cplum appellari libuit ; cuius circuflexu tegunl 
 cuncta : numen esse credi par est : eternum : immensuni 
 neq; genitu: neq; inteiitu^ umq. Huius extera Idaga/ 
 
 kc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contedns 50 lines ; and the volume comprehends 352 
 leaves — according to the marked numerals of the present copy. The 
 books and chapters are w ithout titles ; and there are, of course, neither 
 signatures, catchwords, nor printed numerals. On the reverse of the 
 352nd leaf, we read the colophon, thus : 
 
 Quem modo tarn rarum cupiens uix lector haberfc: 
 Quiq; etiam fiactus pene legendus eram: 
 Restituit Venetis me nuper Spira loannes : 
 Exscripsitq; libros ^re notantc meos. 
 Fessa manus quondam moneo: Calamusq; quiescat. 
 Namq; labor studio cessit: Xc ingcnio. 
 
 .M.CCCC.LXVIIII. 
 
 • Fol. 61. rev. of text This curious passage was first noticed bv Mr. Nichols, in the 
 Appendix to the Origin of Printing ; p. 103, note g. It seems to have escaped the 
 foreign bibliographers ; unless it be in the M^moires de Littcraturt, by Sallengre, vol. i. 
 pt. ii. p. 275
 
 256 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iFenice; 1469. 
 
 I have seen the copy of this edition which belonged to the late Dr. 
 Askew* — and which Dr. Harwood has described with more zeal than 
 judgment — and I have also been gratified by the sight of those copies 
 in the possession of the King, and the Duke of Devonshire — as well 
 as of those in the Hunter and Cracherode Collections (the two latter 
 of especial size and beauty,) — but, a copy of it so clean, large, and 
 splendid, as is that now under description, is perhaps not to be found 
 in any other known collection. It was formerly in a monastic library 
 at Ratisbon, and procured there by Mr. Horn for Mr. Edwards ; from 
 the latter of whom his Lordship obtained it, at a price proportionate to 
 its extraordinary condition. The reader may form some notion of its 
 worth, from the following circumstance. At the sale of the libi-ary of 
 Camus de Limare, in 1786, at the Hotel de Bullion, (see De Bure's 
 Cat. de Livres rares, Paris, 1786, n°. 133) Count Reviczky purchased 
 an exceedingly fine copy for 3000 livres. This latter copy has been 
 recorded and extolled by Peignot, La Serna Santander, and the 
 younger De Bure : see the Curiosith Bibliographiques, p. 98. Diet. 
 Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 272 ; and Cat. des Livres du Cabinet de Firmin 
 Didot, 1810, n°. 169. From the collection of Count Reviczky it 
 necessarily came into the present one ; but his Lordship threw it out 
 in a former sale of some duplicates, it being so much inferior to the 
 one now in his possession, which is magnificently bound in dark blue 
 morocco. A fine copy of it appears to have been in the Daly Collection, 
 n°. 1128, where a testimony, in praise of the beauty of the typography, 
 is adduced from Astle's Origin of Writing, p. 220, edit. 1784. A fine 
 copy of it is also in the choice collection of Sir Mark Masterman Sykes, 
 Bart. The Bodleian, Marlborough, and Pembroke Libraries, each 
 contain a copy. 
 
 * Dr. Askew's copy was a very indifferent one, and was sold in 1805, among the dupli- 
 cates of the British Museum, (no. 813) for only 22/. The copy in the Crevenna library 
 (according to a pencil-observation of Mr. Edwards, who was present during the sale of the 
 same) was ' very fine.' Brunet says it was sold for 2530 franks, afid La Serna Santander, 
 for 2115 livres ; but I have understood that it was bought in at the sale. There is a copy 
 of it UPON VELLUM in the Imperial library at Vienna, which came from the library of the 
 ci-devant Bollandists at Antwerp, and which appears to be the same as the one noticed by 
 De Bure, vol. ii. p. 270. See the Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 272. It was, I believe, 
 (according to the information of Mr. Edwards) this very copy, and the Psalter of 1457, 
 that the Abbe Strattman (Librarian to the Emperor) said he would carry away with him — 
 one luider each arm — upon the first intimation of the arrival of the French in the neigh- 
 bourhood of Vienna ! Brunet, Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 303, informs us that there is 
 another similar copy in the Imperial library at Paris ; but 'plusieurs autres exemplaires,' 
 of the same kind, is certainly a very questionable, if not a decidedly incorrect, assertion.
 
 Rome; 1470.] PLINY SENIOR. 257 
 
 362. Plinius Senior. Opera. Printed hij Sweijn- 
 heyin and Pannartz. Rome. 1470. Folio. 
 
 Editio Secunda. It has been before observed that ' this is an 
 extremely scarce and valuable edition, and not to be found in the 
 catalogues of Folkes, Smith, Askew, Crevenna, or Pinelli.' Introd. to 
 the Classics, vol ii. p. 147. The greater part of the elaborate account 
 in Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. p. 48-52, is devoted to a refutation of certain 
 opinions advanced by Laire and Apostolo Zeno, rather than to minute 
 bibliographical intelligence respecting the volume itself. What how- 
 ever is said relating to the edition, is, as usual, correctly said. On the 
 recto of the first leaf, commences the prefatory epistle of the Bishop 
 of Aleria to Pope Paul II. From the commencement of this epistle 
 (6th line) it seems certain that the editor had no knowledge whatever 
 of the previous impression by John De Spira : for he says ' Versandi 
 erant etia atq; etia scriptores omnes Latini Graeciq; consulendiq: no 
 tantO sapietie Princepes : uerQ officinaru quoq; omniu opifices : ac 
 penita abstrusaq; I artificiis omnibus, & perscrutanda diligentissime : 
 et erueda planissime.'* He then expresses his obligations to Theodore 
 Gaza, for the assistance derived from him in the prosecution of his 
 arduous labours. This epistle is followed by brief biographies and tes- 
 timonies of the historian, from Pliny the younger, Suetonius, Tertullian, 
 and Eusebius, &c.: occupying 3 pages. The author's address to Domi- 
 tian, which appears to form the first book, has this prefix : 
 
 C Pljnius Secundus Nouocomensis. Domitiano siio salutem. 
 
 In the present copy, a fine old illumination surrounds this first page. 
 At bottom of the reverse of fol. 4, the table begins, in long lines, and 
 occupies the next 17 leaves. On the recto of fol. 22, the text of the 
 second book of Pliny commences ; — here surrounded by a still more 
 beautiful illumination : 
 
 C. Plynii Secundi naturalis historic Liber. IL 
 Vndu^ 8c hoc qd alio noie celum appellari libuit : Sec. 
 
 A full page has 46 lines. The titles to the several chapters in each 
 book, are printed in lower case letter. On the recto of the 367th and 
 
 * The entire epistle will be found in Maittaire, vol. i. 288, 9, note 2. 
 VOL, II. L 1
 
 258 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renke; 1472. 
 
 last leaf, we read the following: rather a notice than colophon ; which 
 the reader will find in the subjr)ined note,* as well as in De Bure and 
 AudifFredi. For the sake of conformity, the date is also here sub- 
 joined : 
 
 — impressum Rome in domo Petri 8c Francisci de Maximis 
 iuxta campQ flora presidetibus Magistro Corado Suueyn- 
 heym 8c Arnoldo Panaratz.f Anno dominici natalis. 
 M.CCCC.LXX. Pontificatuseiusfelicissimiacplacidissimi 
 Anno. VI. 
 
 It remains only to give the reader the novel and agreeable infor- 
 mation, that the present copy of this rare edition is printed upok 
 VELLUM ; being the very copy which Brunet has thus described : ' Un 
 pr^cieux exemplaire imprime sur velin, provenant du convent des 
 Jacobins de Veronne, est maintenant conserve a Londres, dans le riche 
 cabinet du Lord Spencer.' Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 303. It is 
 one of the finest known specimens of an ancient vellum book, printed 
 at Rome ; and as copies of this description, especially those from the 
 press of Sweynheym and Pannartz, are of exceedingly great I'arity, the 
 noble Owner of the present copy does not fail to appreciate it ac- 
 cordingly. It is sumptuously bound in purple morocco. 
 
 363. Plinius Senior. Opera. Printed hy Jenson. 
 Venice. 1 472. Folio. 
 
 More beautiful and magnificent even than either of the preceding 
 impressions, is the one now about to be described : but as it is well 
 known, and by no means of very great rarity, our description may be 
 
 * Hereneus Liigdunensis Ep[isco]pus : Item lustinus ex pliilosopho Martyr : Item cu diuo 
 Hieronymo Eusebius Cesariesis: serio posteiitatem adiurarunt: ul eorum descripturi 
 opera couferrent diligeter exemplaria. & solierti studio eraendareiit. Idem ego turn 
 iu cetei'is lihris omnibus turn maxime in Pl^-nio ut fiat : uehemenler obsecro. obtestor. 
 atq; adiuro : ne ad priora meda & tenebras inexti'icabiles tanti sudoris opus reiabat. 
 Instauratum aiiquantulu sub Romano Potifice Maximo Paulo II. Veneto. Atq; 
 impressum Rome in domo Petri & Francisci de JMaximis iuxta campii flore preside- 
 tibus Magistris Corado Suueynheym & Anioldo Panaralz.t Anno dominici natalis. 
 M.CCCC.LXX. Pontiiicatus eius felicissimi ac placidissimi Anno. VI. 
 t Sic.
 
 Fenke; 1472.] PLIXY SENIOR. 259 
 
 brief as well as accurate. On the recto of the first leaf we read this 
 title: 
 
 CAIVS PLYNIVS MARCO SVO SALVTEM. 
 
 Which epistle occupies the first page, and G lines of the ensuing one. 
 It is followed by lives and testimonies relating to the author, as in the 
 preceding impressions. The reverse of fol. 2 is blank. The Epistle 
 from the elder Pliny, as before, follows ; then ensue the heads of the 
 chapters of the several books, in 16 leaves. On fol. 20, from the 
 beginning of the volume, the text begins thus — preceded by a title in 
 capital letters : 
 
 AN Finitus sit niundus ; k an unus. Ca. i. 
 
 VxNDVM ET HOC : QVOD NOMINE 
 
 alio caclQ appellari libuit: cuius circQflexu tegut 
 
 cuncta : numen esse credi par est aeternu: irnesu : 
 
 neq; genitum : neq ; iterituru unl]. Huius extera 
 
 Sec. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has .=50 lines. The Greek passage in the vii. book, before 
 alluded to, is thus printed : vayo-ixpanjo- Tj(rajU,r'yo'j aSyjvxToT avi'Sr^xiv. 
 That the present impression has, in the main, followed its Roman 
 rather than its Venetian precursor, may be easily proved : thus, in the 
 edition of 146'9, the viiith book opens thus : 
 
 D RELIQVA ANIMALIA ET PRIMVM See. 
 
 In the present, as in the preceding, edition — the passage is as follows : 
 
 D RELIQVA TRANSEAMVS ANIMALIA: 
 
 On the recto of the last leaf of the text we read the printer's colophon, 
 thus: 
 
 CAII PLYNII SECVNDI NAT\TIALIS HISTORIAE LIBRI TRI/ 
 CESIMI SEPTIMI ET VLTIMl FINIS IMPRESSI VENETIIS 
 PER NICOLAVM lENSON GALLICVM. M.CCCC.LXXII. 
 NICOLAO TRONO INCLYTO VENETIARVM DVCE. 
 
 We have, in the last place, the Epistle of the Bishop of Alcria, ter- 
 minating on the recto of the ensuing leaf; to which is subjoined the 
 subscription as given in the note in the last page ; the date and place
 
 260 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Rome j 1473. 
 
 being here omitted. Bibliographers have not failed to describe, in 
 rather glowing language, the beauty and value of this impression; 
 which is probably, considering its bulk, the chef-d'ceuvre of the cele- 
 brated artist who executed it. According to Braun, pt. i. p. 145-6 — 
 whose authority is quoted by Rossi, Bib. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 375 — 
 the volume, to be perfect, should contain 356 leaves. Sardini, in his 
 Storia Critica di Nicolao Jenson, &c. lib. iii. p. 22, has noticed the copies 
 of this impression, upon paper, in the Colbert, Hoym, and Valliere 
 collections ; to which may be added the similar copies, as mentioned 
 by Panzer, in the Pinelli, Soubise, Mittarelli, Crevcnna, and Lomenie 
 collections : but the German bibliographer has omitted to notice the 
 copies of it which are printed upon vellum. Of this latter description, 
 are those in the Angelica and Casanatensian libraries, mentioned by 
 AudifFredi — (Edit. 7?ohk p. 49) — the one in the public library at Lyons, 
 formerly in the Valliere collection, and the same, perhaps, as that 
 in the imperial library at Paris — Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 304. A 
 fourth similar copy is in the M'Cai'thy collection ; but the first leaf of 
 it is printed upon paper. In our own country, the Harleian collection 
 contained it upon vellum ; and the libraries of his Majesty and the 
 Duke of Devonshire each possess a similar copy. The latter is of 
 extraordinary beauty. 
 
 The present'copy,* upon paper, is very large, clean, and in every 
 respect a most desirable one. It is sumptuously bound in green 
 morocco. 
 
 364. Plinius Senior. Opera. Printed hy 
 Sweynheym and Pannartz, Roine. 1473. 
 Folio. 
 
 This edition according to Ernesti {Fabr. Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 187-8) 
 is founded on the first Roman one of 1470 ; but is neither so beautiful 
 nor so accurate. It is supposed to contain upwards of two hundred 
 and seventy palpable errors, either owing to Perottus, who corrected 
 the MS., or to Brotheus, who superintended the execution of the work. 
 It was unknown to Harwood, and a copy of it is not to be found in the 
 
 * Dr. Mead's very fine (paper) copy was recently sold at Paris — in its original binding 
 in wood — a copy, of whicli Maittaire lias given so particular a description : vol. i. p. 34, 
 edit. 1719. See Brunet's Cat. des Limes rares, &c. du Cabinet de M** 1811, 8vo. no. 243.
 
 Fenice; MJG.] PLINY SENIOR. 261 
 
 collections of Mead, Smith, Askew, or Pinelli, Consult AudifFredi, 
 Edit. Rom. p. 129 ; Maittaire, vol. i. 325 ; Panzer, vol. ii. p. 437 ; and 
 Bibl. Harleian. vol. iii. n". 874 ; which latter copy ' had manuscript 
 references throughout, and Avas one of the most beautiful to be met 
 with.' The preceding information is taken from the Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii.p. 149. It remains briefly to describe the volume itself. 
 
 The first 2.5 leaves are occupied by the same preliminary matter 
 which has been described to be in the three preceding editions; but 
 the table is printed in columns, and not in long lines as in the pre- 
 ceding Roman impression. There are in the whole, according to Fossi, 
 .397 leaves: a full page containing 46 lines. On the reverse of the 
 last leaf, are the usual G verses* (see p. 113 ante) with the date sub- 
 joined, thus : 
 
 M . CCCC . LXXIII. 
 die Veneris, vii. Maii. 
 
 The present is a very fine copy ; sumptuously bound in blue morocco. 
 
 365. Plinio. Tradotto per Cristoforo Lan- 
 ding. Venice. 1476. Folio. 
 
 The learned AudifFredi seems to have been glad to embrace an 
 opportunity of doing justice both to the present impression, and 
 to its Latin precursor ; the latter of which has been just described in 
 its chronological order. In noticing a spurious edition of the 
 Italian version, of the supposed date of 1473, f he has judici- 
 ously contrived to bestow a few words upon the present genuine and 
 magnificent edition ; a beautifully illuminated copy of which, he 
 describes as having many times examined in the Casanatensian 
 library. The ensuing description will be found to be somewhat more 
 particular than that here referred to. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 we read this prefix : 
 
 • In the fifth verse, ' Aniolodos' is falsely printed for Amoldus. This has not escaped 
 the usual attention of AudirtVedi. 
 
 t Hayni, Argelati, Paitoui, Laiui, Bandini, Tiraboschi, and Wittareili, had all fallen 
 into this error, which is corrected by Audiffredi's correspondent, Conies a Turre R<;zzonici; 
 in his Disqiiisit. Pliniuu. vol. ii. p. 362. See the Edit. Rom. p. 129 and note *.
 
 262 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [retiice ; 1476. 
 
 HISTORIA NAT VR ALE DI. C. PLINIO SECONDO 
 TRADOCTA DI LINGVA LATINA IN FIORENTINA 
 PER CHRISTOPHORO LANDING FIORENTINO 
 AL SERENISSIMO FERDINANDO RE DI NAPOLT. 
 
 PROHEMIO. 
 This proheme occupies 3 leaves and a half. It is followed by the 
 usual preliminary matter, described in the account of the preceding 
 impressions ; which introductory pieces occupy 16 leaves. On the 
 recto of the following leaf, being the 21st from the beginning of the 
 volume, we read the commencement of Landino's version of the 
 Naturalist, thus : 
 
 L MONDO ET QVESTO ELQVALE PER 
 
 altro nome Anoi piacie chiamarc Cielo . elquale 
 intorno gyrando tutte lechose chuopre : E giusta 
 chosa credere die sia delta etherna k. infiiiita: Ne 
 mai generata : Ne mai da douere perire. Ricerchar 
 8cc. 8cc. k.c. 
 
 A full page has 50 lines. The titles to the chapters, as in the pre- 
 vious edition by the same printer, are uniformly printed in capital 
 letters. On the reverse of fol. 412 and last, of the text, we read this 
 imprint : 
 
 OPVS NICOLAI lANSONIS GALLICI 
 
 IMPRESSVM 
 
 ANNO SALVTIS. M. CCCCLXXVI. 
 
 VENETIIS. 
 
 Sardini, Storia Critica di Nicolao Jenson, &c. lib. iii. p. 40, notices 
 several copies of this edition upon paper, and one upon vellum ; 
 which latter was in the Valliere collection — obtained from the library 
 of Gaignat. See Cat. de Gaignai, \o\. i. n°. 1001. Cat. de la Valliere, 
 vol. i. n°. 1460, 1461. In the ValUere collection there were two 
 vellum copies, but one of them was imperfect : the imperfect one 
 selling for 360, and the perfect one for 780 livi'es ; the latter sum 
 being 10 livres less than the Gaignat copy was sold for. In the 
 M'Carthy collection, there is also a copy upon vellum ; and a similar 
 one, of extraordjnaiy size and beauty, is in the curious library of 
 Mr. Coke at Holkham. The present copy is upon paper, but in fine 
 condition. It is in russia binding.
 
 Parma; 1480] PLINY SENIOR. 263 
 
 366. Plinius Senior. Opera. Printed hij 
 Andrea Portilia. Parma. 1480. Fulio. 
 
 It was not without just reason that I. M. Paitoni, in his Catalogo 
 Ragionato, or Nuove Memorie per servire all' htoria Letteraria, vol. i. 
 p. 349, pronounced this impression to be ' in bellissimo foglio quasi 
 papale, in bellissinii caratteri romani, ottima carta, e spaziosissioie 
 margini,' &c. See AfFo's Tipogrq/ia Parmense, p. lxix-lxxi ; where 
 the account of it is rather copious and interesting. Affo says it i^ 
 inferior to the edition printed by Corallus, in 1476, after which it 
 appears to have been executed ; yet, on the authority of Rezzonicus, 
 {Disquisit. Plinian. lib. xl. p. 29G,) it is admitted that Portilia has 
 corrected some of the errors of Corallus. This impression was unknown 
 to Maittaire, Orlandi, Fabricius, and Harduin ; but all the Parma 
 impressions of 1476, 1480, and 1481, have been mentioned by Ernesti. 
 See the Introd. to the Classics ; vol. ii. p. 150. The third Parma impres- 
 sion of 1481 by Portilia, certainly differs, but probably in a trifling 
 degree, from its immediate precursor of 1480. Consult Denis, 
 Suppl. Maitt. p. 122, n°. 873. It remains to describe the edition 
 before us. 
 
 On the lecto of the first leaf we read the epistle of the younger 
 Pliny to Marcus, which is followed by Suetonius's brief biography of 
 the elder Pliny, and the younger Pliny's letter to Tacitus : next, testi- 
 monies of the elder Pliny from Tertullian and Eusebius. These prefixes 
 occupy 2 leaves ; having the reverse of the 2nd blank. Then ensues, 
 on a 4, recto, the elder Pliny's address to Vespasian ; and on a 5, the 
 table to the remaining books commences, with this prefix : 
 
 SVMMATIM HAEC INSVNT LIBRIS SINGVLIS 
 
 This table concludes on b 6 ; a having ten leaves. On c i, recto, the 
 text of the iind book begins. There are no Greek types in the passage 
 before alluded to, at the termination of the viith book ; from which it 
 is probable the Parma press was not then furnished with a fount of 
 Greek characters. A full page has 58 lines. The signatures from c to 
 z, inclusively, are in eights ; except x and y in six each : then come 
 &, and 0, each in four. Next A, on which the xxvth book begins — 
 A to M, in eights ; M, six ; N, four. On N ii recto, is the colophon ; 
 from which tlie material part is here extracted — and which is followed by
 
 264 ANCICNT CLASSICS. [1471. 
 
 some verses, that appear, on the authority of Affo, to have been copied 
 from an impression of Tortellius, in 1476. 
 
 Opera Et Impensa Andreae Portiliae Anno 
 
 Natiuitatis Domini .M. CCCC. LXXX. idibus februarii. 
 Regnante IllustrissimoPricipe loanne Galeazeo Maria Duce 
 Mediolai. 
 Then these verses : 
 
 Andreas prodesse uolens portillia multis 
 
 Gratum opus impresit plinion* aere suo. 
 Temporibus priscis hunc bibliotheca tenebat 
 Principis : 8c magni diuitis : atq; ducum. 
 Nunc emit oranis eum ciuis : quern gloria tangit : 
 
 Hunc emit argento pauper : 8c ore legit. 
 Factis aere notis debet cum diuite pauper : 
 His debet quis quis discere multa cupit. 
 Arte tua gaudere potes portillia multum : 
 Quae facit ut uiuant omnia scripta : Vale. 
 
 Andreas Aicardus.f 
 
 These verses are followed by 3 pages of rather important ' correc- 
 tions.' The present copy of this magnificent specimen of ancient 
 typography is inferior to no book in this Collection ; whether we 
 consider its dimensions, soundness, or beauty. It was in the Harleian 
 library, and is bound in red morocco. 
 
 367- Plinius Junior. Epistol^. TVithout 
 Name of Printer or Place. 1471. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This is a very elegant and uncommon impres- 
 sion. The editor of it was Ludovicus Carbo ; and as he was accustomed 
 to correct the works which issued from the press of Valdarfer, there 
 
 • Sic. 
 
 t ' L' Aicardi, come osserva il Paitoni, non e mentovato dal jNIaittaire tra gli Autori degli 
 Epigrammi posti al fine delle antiche Eilizioni, e neppur dal Mazzuchelli ; ma il diftetto 
 precede dall' aver eglmo ignorato questa prima stampa di Plinio fatta dal Portilia.' Affo ;
 
 1471.] PLL\Y JUxMOR. 265 
 
 is good reason to suppose that the present publication was put forth 
 by the same printer, at Venice, before he removed to Milan. Mait- 
 taire, vol. i. p. 302, note 5, had before made the same conjecture ; 
 which is repeated by De Bure, Bibllogr. Instruct, vol. iv. p. 311, 31^2. 
 This latter bibliographer refers his reader to the impression of Cicero's 
 Orations, in 1471, by the same editor and printer, as corroborative of 
 his conclusion. See also vol. i. p. 355-G, ante. We will describe the 
 volume somewhat particularly. On the recto of the first leat^ is the 
 prefatory epistle of Carbo ; from which a copious extract has been 
 made by Maittaire. The first two lines of it are as follow : 
 
 Lodouicus Carbo Sal. Plu. Dicit. Illustrissimo 
 
 Sc Excelletissimo Principi Borsio Duci Mutiaa; 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This epistle concludes on the reverse of the same leaf. On the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf the text of Pliny begins thus : 
 
 Caii Plinii Secundi Nouicomensis Oratoris 
 facundissimi epistolan? Liber Primus incipit. 
 C. Plinius SecQdus SecQdo suo. S. pi. dicit. 
 
 Rrequetcr hortatus es : ut epistolas si 
 
 quas paulo accuratius scripsisse : colli/ 
 
 gere : publicareq;: coUegi non seriiato 
 
 temporis ordine : neq; enl historian! 
 
 coponeba: sed lit quseq; in manus uenerat. Supest 
 
 ut nee te consilii : nee me poeniteat obsequii. Ita 
 
 eni fiet ut eas quae adhue neglectae iacet : rey^ram : 
 
 8c si quas addidero non supprimam. Vale. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. On the reverse of fol. 122 and last, we 
 read the following colophon : 
 
 Caii Plinii Secundi Nouicomensis Oratoris 
 Facundissimi Epistola?? Liber Octauus Expli. 
 
 .M.CCCC.Lxxi. 
 
 TOL. 11. Mm
 
 266 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Naples; 1476. 
 
 There is a title to each Epistle ; but the volume, as may be antici- 
 pated, is without numerals, signatures, and catchwords. The reasons, 
 just before advanced, are sufficient to warrant us in assigning this 
 publication to the press of Valdarfer ; but it would be no impeachment 
 of bibliogra'phical acuteness, if Vindelin de Spira were, by some, con- 
 sideied to be the printer of it. In elegance, regularity, and symmetry, 
 (if I may borrow the latter word,) there is probably no production from 
 the press of this last mentioned printer which exceeds, and few which 
 equal, the present one. This is the copy which was purchased by Count 
 Revizcky at the Valliere sale, for 802 livres ; having the blank spaces, 
 for the Greek passages, filled by beautiful manuscript. It is noticed 
 in the Bibl. Reviczk. p. 107 ; where, however, the authority of De Bure 
 is solely, and almost verbally, quoted. Consult also the Inirod. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii. p. 155-6. The present large and beautiful copy is 
 elegantly bound in blue morocco. 
 
 368. Plinius Junior. Epistol^. Printed hy 
 Moravus. Naples. 1476. Quarto. 
 
 Of nearly equal elegance with the preceding impression is the one 
 under description. The printer of it was quite a master in his art; 
 having rivalled the best Venetian presses, both in the Gothic and Roman 
 letter. The edition of the Bible in the above year, and printed in the 
 Gothic letter (of which an exquisite copy upon vellum, in this Collec- 
 tion, has been described in the first volume of this work, p. 35,) by 
 MoRAVUS, is probably of superior elegance to a similar impression of 
 the same work, in the sa«ie year, by Jenson ; while the present work, 
 in the Roman letter, proves that the printer of it need not yield the 
 palm of superiority to either John or Vindelin De Spika.. It remains 
 to give a brief but accurate description of it. On the recto of the first 
 leaf we read as follows : 
 
 DE PVBLICATIONE EPISTOLARVM 
 
 PLINII. LIBER PRIMVS INCIPIT. 
 
 Aius pliuius secundus septicio. s. frequeter 
 hortatus es : ut epistolas : quas paulo accura/ 
 tius scripsissem : colligerem publicaremque. 
 CoUegi no seiuato temporis ordine. Neq;
 
 1476.] PLINY JUNIOR. 2G7 
 
 enim hystoriam componebam. sed ut qua?q; in manus ue 
 nerat. Supest ut nee te consilii : nee me pteniteat obsequii 
 
 Xcc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. On the recto of the 106th and last leaf, 
 the colophon is thus : 
 
 Absolutum opus epistolarum. C. Plinii lu/ 
 nioris Neapoli. Millesimo quadringentesi 
 moseptuagesimosexto mense lulii. 
 Impressit Mathias Morauus uir singular! 1 
 genio : k, arte. Recognouit lunianus maius 
 partLenopeus rhetor publieus summa cura 
 summaq; diligentia. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The signatures run thus : a (not marked) 
 c, g, i, and m, have each ten leaves: the rest, eight leaves. Tliis 
 is a beautiful copy, in red morocco binding. 
 
 369. Pjlinius Junior. Panegyricus. TVithout 
 Place and Name of Printer. 1476. Quarto. 
 
 Supposed Editio Princeps of Pliny's Panegyric upon Trajan; to 
 which work, as well as to other Panegyrics upon various great 
 characters of antiquity, contained in the volume annexed, is an im- 
 pression of Petronius Arbiter — having, at the end of this latter, the 
 date as below. The reader, at p. 226-7, will be pleased to examine the 
 grounds upon which a conclusion has been there drawn, that this date 
 is spurious ; and consequently, that the present must be considered only 
 a ' supposed' first edition. The late Count Reviczky was not less 
 ardent in his support of the chronological piecedence of this impres- 
 sion, than he was in his commendation of its beauty ; comparing it 
 with the productions of the press of Philip de Lavagna. I have already 
 endeavoured to shew that he has erred in the first point ; and I have 
 little hesitation in opposing this his second conclusion. Whoever 
 compares the types of this edition with those of Lavagna's impres- 
 sion of Horace, in 1476, may conceive me justified in such difference 
 of opinion.
 
 268 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [mthout Date. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read this prefix : 
 
 FRANCISCVS PVTEOLANVS REVERENDO 
 
 .D. lACOBO ANTIQVARIO DVCALI SECRETA 
 
 RIO SALVTEM. 
 
 This address fills nearly 3 pages. The contents of the volume are 
 immediately afterwards specified— on the reverse of a z. From these 
 we learn that, besides the Panegyric by Pliny upon Trajan, there are 
 others, by various authors, upon Maximian, Constantine the Great, 
 Theodosius, the younger Constantine, Julian, &c. We have next an 
 oration ' pro restaurandis Scholis ;' a life of Agricola ; &c. &c. with 
 Petronius Arbiter. The Panegyric upon Trajan follows, upon a f, and 
 concludes on the recto of f 4 ; a having 6, and the other signatures 
 8, leaves. Then, the remaining Panegyrics. For the Life of Agricola, 
 consult the article Tacitus, in the ensuing pages. On the reverse 
 of y 4, we read the colophon thus : 
 
 reAoo" 
 
 M CCCC LXXVI. 
 
 A full page contains 30 lines. The present is a handsome copy in 
 red morocco binding. 
 
 370. Plinius Junior. Fpistol^ et Panegyricus. 
 IVithout Name of Printer, Place, or Date. 
 Quarto. 
 
 This is not the ancient impression* which is so particularly specified 
 by AudifFredi, in his Edit. Rom. p. 164-5, but is the same volume which 
 had belonged to Ernesti, and afterwards to Count Reviczky ; the latter 
 having very properly corrected the error of Ernesti, who had assigned 
 it to the earliest period of the art of printing. See the Bibl. Reviczk. 
 p. 107. The signatures alone are decisive of its being a posterior im- 
 pression to the first here described ; and the general appearance of the 
 volume would not justify us in affixing to it a date much eailier than 
 1480. On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a ii, we read as follows : 
 
 * The reader may consult ratlier a copious note, respecting ancient editions vdthout date 
 or place, &c. in the hitrud. to the Classics; vol. ii. p. 156.
 
 Rome; 1490.] PLINY JUNIOR. 2G9 
 
 C. PLINII SECVNDI NOVOCOMENSIS ORATO 
 RIS Epistolarum Liber Primus. 
 
 On the reverse of 1 i, in eights, the Epistles conclude : 
 
 C. Plinii Secundi Nouocomensis Oratoris Facundissi:; 
 rai Epistolarum Libri Octaui 8c Vltimi. Finis. 
 
 On the recto of 1 ii the Panegyric commences, and ends on the 
 recto of o vj in eights. On the reverse of o vj, there is a list of the 
 contents of the volume ; from which it would appear that the tract 
 *De Viris lUustribus' were contained in it, but it is not. The present 
 neat copy is in red morocco binding. 
 
 371- Plinius Junior. Epistol^. Printed hy 
 Silher. Rome, 1490. Quarto. 
 
 This impression may be summarily described. On the reverse of 
 the first leaf is an address of Pomponius Laetus to Vasinus Gamberia. 
 On the recto of a ii, the Epistles begin. The signatures run from a to 
 u in eights, with the exception of g, k, n, and q, which are in sixes. 
 On u vj, reverse, the Epistles conclude; the following imprint being 
 beneath the word F.I. N.I. S. 
 
 Impressum Jlom« per Eucharium Silber 
 alias Franck natione Alemanu : Anno do/ 
 mini. M.cccc.lxxxx. post diem, xiiii. Calen 
 darum Aprilis. 
 
 A leaf of errata, and another of the register, terminate the volume. 
 Audiffredi informs us that this edition supplies the deficiencies and 
 corrects the enors of the ancient one (of about 1474) and the Neapo- 
 litan one of 1476. The Greek passages are printed — ' Graeco carac- 
 tere, qui satis congmit cum Romano eleganti ejusdem charactere.* 
 Edit. Rom. p. 293-4. Although Eucharius Silber be an elegant 
 printer, and the Greek characters (see sign, f viii) justify the culogium 
 of Audifiredi, and although the present copy came from the Colbert 
 collection, the volume wears a very indifferent aspect, being much 
 cropped and soiled. It is in yellow morocco binding.
 
 270 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TVithout Date, 
 
 372. Plinius Junior. Epistol^. Panegyricus. 
 De Viris Illustribus. Supposed to have been 
 printed hy Antony Moretus. Venice. TVithout 
 Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is evidently the impression of which Seemiller, Incunab. Typog. 
 fasc. iii. p. 175-6, has given so particular and satisfactory an account ; 
 and which is ascribed by this bibliographer, upon the faith of the 
 colophon, (supported by the opinion of Orlandi,) to the press 
 of Antony Moretus at Venice. According to Orlandi, Moretus 
 printed the Epistles of L. Aretin, and Pliny the younger in the year 
 1495. See Orig. e Progress, della Stampa, p. 58. La Serna Santander 
 says that Moretus printed in conjunction with Jerom Alexandrinus in 
 the same year : Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 206. On the recto of 
 the first leaf we read this prefix : 
 
 C. PLINII SECVNDI NOVOCOMENISIS ORATORIS EPI 
 STOLARVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 The Epistles conclude on the reverse of i v. On the recto of i vj, the 
 Panegijric begins, ending on the recto of n vj. The signatures 
 1 and m, run in fours ; n has six, the rest eight. On the reverse 
 of n vj, we read a list of the contents of the volume- On the recto 
 of the following leaf A, commence the Lives of Illustrious Men, with 
 this title : 
 
 C. PLINII SECVNDI IVNIORIS LIBER ILLVSTRIVM VI 
 RORVM INCIPIT. 
 
 A and B have each 4 leaves ; C has six. On the recto of C vj is the 
 following subscription — above alluded to : 
 
 Maicelli Philoxeni ad Antonium Moretum Epigramma. 
 
 Omnibus haec g) nunc tarn recte impressa leguntur 
 Quod mendosa libri littera nulla uiget : 
 
 Antoni Morete fuit tua cura : laborq; 
 Namq; faues claris sedulis ingeniis. 
 
 Quisquis amat ueteres : grates tibi semper habebit : 
 Et debet studio Plynius ipse tuo.
 
 mthoui Date.-] PLINY JUNIOR. 271 
 
 Braun, Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. ii, p. 39, has been equally copious with 
 Seemiller ; and praises the typographical skill of the printer, perhaps 
 beyond its merit. Of the edition he says — « Bibliographi altum tenent 
 silentiuii), ex quo insignis eiusdera raritas elucescit.' — Seemiller thus 
 observes of it : ' Haec Plinii editio, Bibliographis, quos quidem consu- 
 lui, incognita, satis tamen adcurate facta fuisse videtur.' Tiie present 
 is an elegant copy, in russia binding. 
 
 373. Plinius Junior. Epistol^. Without Date, 
 Place, or Name of Printer ; (but ivith a spurious 
 MS. date of 1469.J Quarto. 
 
 The following is a copy of the manuscript note in this once cele- 
 brated volume ; which may unfortunately perpetuate Dr. Askew's want 
 of sufficient acumen in matters of ancient typography. ' This book 
 was purchased by Dr. Askew for 1 5 guineas of the famous antiquarian 
 Petrus Van Damme, at Amsterdam. It is thought to be spurious ; 
 but if not, is undoubtedly the first book printed in England. History 
 informs us that Frederick Corsellis was brought from Haarlem to 
 Oxford to print about the year 1460.' This copy, from the evident 
 spuriousness of the date, in MS., was purchased at the sale of Dr. 
 Askew's library for \l. 6s. : see Bibl. Askev. p. 100, n°. 2622. Meer- 
 man, Orig. Typog. vol. ii. p. 17. has a long and amusing note concern- 
 hag Van Damme (whom he calls 'homo, non vulgari vetenun librorum, 
 numismatum, iconum, ac picturarum cognitione praeditus), and George 
 Smith; (' in pingendis quibuscumque characteribus, tum antiquis turn 
 recentibus, insignis peritia') from which it would appear that the 
 latter had imposed upon the bookseller, Van Damme, in the annexed 
 subscription to the volume ; and that Van Damme acknowledged the 
 imposition to one Richard Pafraet of Deventer. If this be true, the 
 Dutch bibliopolist acted a very dishonest part in selling the volume to 
 Dr. Askew for 15 guineas.* The fraud is sufficiently manifest; the 
 character of the letter, and the colour of the ink (occasionally encir- 
 cled by red ink, to divert the attention) are both decidedly different 
 
 * This subject is more fully discussed under the article Listri Oratio, in the third 
 volume of this work ; wliich see. Meautime the reader may consult Herberf » Typog. Antiq. 
 vol. iii. p. 1393.
 
 272 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 from those in the body of the work. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 pasted on, by way of title, we read 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of A ij. 
 
 iiiier primuje? 
 ^alutcm 
 
 The signatures run — A 6, B 3, C 4, D 6, and E 4. On the reverse of 
 E iiij, at top, we read thus ; 
 
 €. ^liniUjSf 5^0mpeio f aiconi dSuo 
 dS>a!atein* 
 
 At the bottom is this spurious date, in MS. 
 
 There are clumsy capital mitials, in character like those of which fac- 
 similes are given at p. xl, of vol. i. of the Typographical Antiquities of 
 Great Britain. The date of this impression is probably later even than 
 that of 1490. It is in old red-morocco binding ; and the margins are 
 filled with very minute ms. notes. 
 
 374. Plotinus. Opera. Latine. Printed hy 
 Misco7ninus. Florence. 1492. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Latinfe. • Vere splendida est haec editio, niti- 
 dissimS. charta et perquam elegantibus typis lectoris oculos jucunde 
 adficiens, magnificentiae Mediceae monumentum, quibusvis imaginibus, 
 statuis, marmoribus illustrius, ut parum absit, quin de hac editione 
 dici posse existimem, quod de Josephi et PhUonis operibus in Gallia et 
 Germania excusis pronunciavit Michael Neander, ea scilicet scripta 
 adeo pulchris typis esse expressa, ut si angelis tales literae pingendae 
 essent, non sint picturi et eflFecturi pulchriores.' Such is the enthusiastic 
 
 * Sic.
 
 Florence; 1492.] PLOTINUS. 273 
 
 euloi^y of Schelhorn upon this beautiful production of the early Flo- 
 rentine pres3. Amcenit. Literar. vol. i. p. 97- It is the only impression 
 of Ficinus's translation of Plotinus, in the XVth century ; and, ;i3 De 
 Bure justly observes, ' copies of it are rare and sought after by the 
 cxu-ious.' Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. ii. p. 161. Miscominus the printer, 
 having, in the year 1489, published the Miscellanies of Politian, (see 
 Art. PoLiTiAV, in the third volume of this work) he appears to have 
 put forth the present volume as no unfit companion to its precursor. 
 Although Mr. Roscoe does not, as far as I can discover, notice this 
 magnificent work, yet, in speaking of the Miscellanies of Politian, he 
 observes — • This book, like all those I have seen of the same printer, is 
 most elegantly and correctly executed, and is a proof of the speedy 
 proficiency made in typography at Florence.' Lor. de Medici, vol. ii. 
 p. 73, note a. Edit. 1796, 4to. 
 
 Strauss, in his Opera Rariora in Bibl. Coll. I. Bapt. in Rebdorf, 1790, 
 4to. p. 233-4, is brief but animated : * Characteres (says he) Operis 
 sunt latini, venustissimi, quos albedo et crassities chartae extollunt ;' — 
 Nor is Braun much less energetic : ' Integrum hoc magnae molis opus 
 romano, ac pereleganti charactere nitidissime praestanti admodum 
 chartae impressum' &c. — Both Strauss and Braun refer to Schelhorn, 
 and Braun quotes a small part of the above. Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. ii. 
 p. 234. A publication of such interest deserves to be particularly 
 described. On the recto of a ii we read the prefatory address of 
 Ficinus to his patron, Lorenzo de Medici. On the recto of the ensu- 
 ing leaf, is the Life of Plotinus by his scholar Porphyrins. We have 
 next this emphatic inscription : 
 
 PLOTINVS DELITIAS ET INANEM GLORIAM 
 
 VITAMQVE CONTEMNEBAT : 
 
 OBIIT ANGINA: 
 
 APPARVIT DRACO. 
 
 Preliminary matter, concerning the life, writings, and testimonies 
 in favour, of the philosopher, follows, as far as the reverse of b i inclu- 
 sively. The first chapter of the version of the original text begins at 
 the bottom of b ii recto. On the recto of uu x, we read the ensuing 
 interesting address and colophon : 
 
 TOL. II, Nn
 
 274 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IHoreiice ; 1492. 
 
 Marsilius Ficinus Magnanimo Petro Medici. S. 
 
 CVM Idibus nouembribus in agro Caregio una cum 
 Magiio Lauieiitio Medice deambulare^ niultaque Pla- 
 tonis mysteria ultro citroq; interpretraremur : decidi forte 
 inter loquendu e sapientia in fortuna: cppiq; banc acrius 
 incusare ; gj Platoni luce afFectautij spculis iani multis 
 obstiterit. Turn ille^ noli inquit Marsili Platone nostrum 
 ifortunatu dicere ; nisi forsan me fore putes infortunatii. 
 Sermone quide tuc nostru his dictis absoluimus. Sed 
 nunq^d mortis causa deinde secutp Lauretiu liceat infor- 
 tunatu existimare ? simulq; Platonis fortuna funditus 
 corruisse? Absit: ut alum ilium minus fplice pute : quern 
 e corporis copedibus euolante^ nouo quoda applausu Iptus 
 ^ther excepit : grandiore stella i la iretiana tecta cadete : 
 mirisq; flamis ex alto p Caregianos agros triduo coruscan- 
 tibus. Sed biduo ante obitu lupiter rubete dextera sacras 
 iaculatus arcesj terruit urbe^ mox orba tato patre futura. 
 Terruit hostes : graue neqd forsan aduersus inuicta domum 
 Medica molirent. Itaq; nee Lauretius h^ros, nee h^roicus 
 Petrus Laurentii filius ob ea quae nup cotigeriitj minus 
 posthac fjelix e iudicadus : nee ppea Plato noster infor- 
 tunatus. Cuius caput hactenus salutari prorsus umbra 
 Lauri fouebat : Nuc pedes iam firmissima Petra nitunt. 
 Plotinus deniq; manibus nunc tuis apprehensuSj seniore 
 interea Platone piis humeris substinebit: teq; Duce pro- 
 ducet I lucem. 
 
 MAGNIFICO SVMPTV LAVRENTII 
 
 MEDICIS PATRIAE SERVATORIS 
 
 IMPRESSIT EX ARCHETYPO 
 
 ANTONIVS MISCOMINVS 
 
 FLORENTIAE 
 
 ANNO . M CCCC.LXXXXII. 
 
 NONIS MAIL
 
 Without Date.] PLUTARCH. 275 
 
 The register, ^vhic■h ensues, informs us that each letter of the two sets 
 of signatures contains 10 leaves ; with the exception of b and o, in the 
 first alphabet — the former of whif.h has only 8, but the latter 12, 
 leaves. Then the de\ice of the printer; for which, see Art. Politi.\n, 
 in volume the third. Tlie present is a very fine copy of this grand 
 volume; in legitimate condition, and excellently bound in red morocco. 
 Copies have been in the Gaignat, Valliere, and Lonienie collections. I 
 cannot help thinking that there may exist a copy of this beautiful book 
 (perhaps the presentation one) printed upon vellum. 
 
 3/5. Plutarchus. Vit^ Parallels. Latine. 
 IVithout Name of Printer, Place, or Date. 
 Four Parts, or Volumes, bound in 2 Vols. 
 
 Whether this, or the ensuing impression, be the Editio Peinceps, 
 Latinfe, may be matter of some discussion. The ensuing edition gene- 
 rally takes precedency ; but for reasons which strike me, on an 
 examination of the present one, I assign to it the order in which it 
 here stands. That it is a very different edition from Ulric Han's, and 
 that Schelhorn was wrong in attributing it to this latter printer, 
 AudifiFredi has satisfactorily shewn ; as Pana^er rightly observes, in his 
 Annal. Typog. vol. i. 77. See Quirini De Optimor. Scriptor. Edit. p. 56 ; 
 and the Edit. Rom. p. 37-8 of Audiffredi. Seemiller and Braun are 
 copious in their descriptions of this impression ; and each declares his 
 inability to assign to it its proper place, year, and name of printer. 
 They are also equally uncertain whether it may, or not, be coeval with 
 Ulric Han's impression. Incunah. Typog. fasc. i. p. 14^-3 ; Notit. Hist. 
 Ltf.pt. i.p.llO. Panzer inserts it among the Strasbourg publications. 
 Is Mentelin, therefore, the i)rinter of it?— as Brunet surmises. 
 WTioever may have executed it, it is a truly noble publication ; whether 
 we consider the beauty of the press work, the blackness of the ink, or 
 the strength of the paper. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read the preface to the version by 
 Campanus, beginning thus : 
 
 [CJAMPANVS Franciso Piccolominio Cardinali Senensi 
 meo Sal u tern (in one line.)
 
 276* ANCIENT CLASSICS \_JVithout Date. 
 
 This, and every full page, contains 49 lines. A list of the Lives 
 begins at the bottom of this first page, and occupies the 2nd page. 
 Next, after a general title, in 2 lines, lower-case letter, we read 
 
 Epistola Philelphi poete In vitam atq; gesta Thesei viri 
 clarissimi Incipit feliciter 
 
 On the reverse of this second leaf, begins the life itself of Theseus. 
 The first volume, or 2 parts, comprehends 273 leaves ; having 36 lines 
 on the reverse of the 273rd and last leaf. The second volume, or 3d 
 and 4th parts, comprises 238 leaves, ending with 22 lines on the recto 
 of the 238th leaf. There are neither signatures, catchwords, nor 
 numerals. The titles to the several Lives are uniformly in small roman 
 letter. This letter is short, but bold, and with a broad face : pre- 
 cisely similar to that ^vith which the Bible, described in vol. i. p. 39-40, 
 is executed ; and of which there is an engraved fac-simile. The 
 letter R particularly designates the type of this unknown printer. De 
 Bure appears to have been entirely ignorant of the impression. The 
 prebont beautiful (and in many parts uncut) copy of it, is handsomely 
 bound in blue morocco. 
 
 376. Plutarchus. YiTM Parallels. Printed 
 hy Ulric Han, Without Date. Folio. 2 Vols. 
 
 This edition has been satisfactorily described by AudifFredi ; and as 
 Campanus, the editor both of this and of the preceding one, was ac- 
 customed to employ the press of Ulric Han — and as Ulric Han is the 
 acknowledged printer of the present edition — it may, upon reconsidera- 
 tion, take the precedency ; and be entitled to the distinction of Editio 
 Princeps, Latine. Schelhorn had overlooked the characteristic verses, 
 inserted in the colophon of Ulric Han, which are to be found at the end 
 of the list or table of the Lives, on the recto of fol. 2, of the first volume. 
 These verses, beginning ' Anser Tarpeii custos' &c. may be seen at 
 p. 1 11 ante. The first volume begins with the letter of Campanus, as 
 before. A table follows, terminating on the recto of fol. 2 : the 
 reverse blank. Consult Fossi in the B'lhl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 
 383-6, for this table. A full page has 45 lines. There are no titles 
 to the respective lives; and, as in the previous impression, blank spaces 
 are left for the introduction of the Greek passages by the pen. The 
 absence of signatures, catchwords, and numerals, united with the fore-
 
 Fenice; 1478.] PLUTARCH. 
 
 277 
 
 going features of description, may justify bibliographers in assignintr 
 the date of 1470 to this edition. The first volume has 293 leaves^ 
 with 33 lines on the reverse of the last : the second volume has 299 
 leaves, having 26 lines on the recto of the last. 
 
 A very magnificent copy of it, superbly bound in red morocco, 
 appears to have been in the Crevenna Collection : see Bibl. Crevenn. 
 vol. V. p. 245, edit. 1775, where there is a good description of the im- 
 pression. The present copy is in most desirable condition ; being a 
 fit companion of the LIat, mentioned at p. 132 ante ; although of not 
 quite such stately dimensions. It is handsomely bound in red morocco. 
 
 377- Plutarchus. Yitje Parallels. Printed 
 hy Jenson. Venice. 1478. 2 vols. 
 
 Of equal magnitude of dimensions, and of superior typographical 
 skill, are the volumes now under description. The impression is not 
 very rare, nor of very great price, in the ordinary condition of it. It 
 is well known to bibliographers, and has been more particularly de- 
 scribed by Fossi and Sardini, than by De Bure and Morelli. Bibl. Ma- 
 gliabech. vol. ii. col. 386 ; Storia Critica di Nicolao Jenson, lib. iii. 
 p. 49-50. The ensuing description may suffice. On a 2, recto, we 
 have the Life of Theseus, with the prefix in capitals. A full page 
 has 50 lines. The titles to the Lives are printed in capital letters. 
 The signatures to the first volume run thus : a, 9, b, 12 ; c to y, 10 
 leaves — except n, which has only 4 : y 8 ; j and &, each 8 leaves. On the 
 recto of & 8, we have the register on the last leaf. The second volume 
 begins on A i, with the Life of Cymon. The signatures run from 
 A to Y, in 10 leaves ; except F, H, K, M, O and P, which have each 
 only 8 leaves ; Z has 8, and & 10, leaves. On & ix, reverse, we read 
 the cqlophon, thus : 
 
 Virorum illustriuni uitje ex Plutarclio graeco in 
 
 latinum uersae solertiq; curaemendat£e 
 
 foeliciter expliciut : per Nicolaum 
 
 lenson Gallicum Venetiis 
 
 ipressae. M.cccc.lxxviii. 
 
 die. ii. laiiuarii.
 
 278 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fFitho?a Date. 
 
 The register occupies the recto of & x. A very fine copy of this 
 impression also, appears to have been in the Crevenna Collection: 
 vol. V. p. 246. The present is a tall sound copy, in russia binding ; but 
 the paper seems to be of rather unusual coarseness. 
 
 378. DicTERi^ Plutarchi. Latinc. Without, 
 Date, or Places hut apparently printed hy 
 Ketelaer. Folio. 
 
 This impression of the Apophthegms of Plutarch is not included in the 
 list of those specified by Panzer at p. 365 of his Vth volume. It is 
 evidently executed by Ketelaer ; and is incorporated wdth an edition of 
 Petrarch ' de Vera Sapientia,' and the Rape of Proserpine in a dramatic 
 form. The latter has been described at the opening of the present 
 volume; and the former tract will be seen in the ensuing volume. 
 On the reverse of the first leaf is a table ; beneath which we read as 
 follows : 
 
 €^t autem i^cientia^ plutatclju^ i^it nationc grccu.i^ turn 
 pfjUo^opl)'^ tu otatot tioctif^imu.sf tlaruit teporiliUjai 
 traiani ce^^arijBf cuius? et ipjefc instructor fiiit. et qui 
 pre^entcief bicteriaS ^iue abbicionei^ ati balcrium mari- 
 mum cr plurifius ac biuer^i^sf commcntariis t Ijoc Iircue 
 cocgtt opuj^culu : aiio tiiuer^sfoq^ et qua^s^i contrario g 
 Valerius motio jjrocctiit. 3[p^^ ^nt tjaicriuie? \M^i^ romc 
 ^rincipalitcr* tieljinc crtcra2f gentium tiicta factaq^: cotra 
 tjero nojfter plutarcljus ertera:^ gentium principaliter. 
 po^tea romano2f bicta pariter ac facta memoratu bigna 
 recitat. 
 
 Next follows the address of Franciscus Philelphus, the translator. 
 On the reverse of the second leaf, begins the tract De Religione. The 
 impression contains 40 leaves ; and has neither signatures, catchwords, 
 nor numerals. On the recto of the last leaf, and just before the com- 
 mencement of the treatise of Petrarcli ' De Vera Sapientia,' we read the 
 termination, thus :
 
 Brescia; 1485.] PLUTARCH. 279 
 
 Dictcnc phitatcfji cljcroncri ati traianuni cctfarcm -tfcn 
 adbicionc^ ab balerifi mariinu f cUcitcc crplictunt» 
 
 The present is a fine genuine copy, in old red morocco binding. 
 
 379. Plutarchus. DeVirtutibus Mulierum. 
 Printed by Boninus de Boninis. Brescia. 
 1485. Quarto. 
 
 I have examined Maittaire, vol. i. p. 462, Denis, p. 204, n°. 1 579 
 and Bibl. Pinell, vol. i, n°. 13.'j3, but 1 am not aware of any thing 
 relating to this impression which requires a more particular descrip- 
 tion of it than the ensuing one — more copious than those which have 
 preceded it. On the recto of the first leaf, we read thus : 
 
 PLVTARCI* PHILOSOPHI DE VIRTVTI 
 BVS MVLIERVxM TRADVCTIO PER ALA 
 ^MNVM RANVTlNViM CIVEM FLORE/ 
 NTINVM. 
 
 The signatures run thus : a 7» b and c 8, d 10, leaves. On the 
 reverse of d x, the imprint is as follows : 
 
 Impressum Brixis per Boninum de Boninis de 
 Ragusia. M.CCCC.LXXXV. die. xxiii. Maitii. 
 
 Appended to this Opusculum, is a tract entitled : ' De Bkevibus 
 Clarorum Hominum Inter se Contentionibus.' On the recto of 
 which we read thus : 
 
 Guarinus Veroncnsis de Breuibus Clarorum 
 
 hominu Inter se Contentionibus a Plutarclio Col 
 
 lectis nuper in latinum Conuersis lacobo lauagno 
 
 lo. S. D. 
 
 This tract has 14 leaves : a in 8, and b in fi. On the reverse of b rj 
 is the imprint, exactly as before, except that the book appears to have 
 been printed on the xxix day of March. In calf binding. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 280 ANCIENT CLASSICS. irhiice ; 1509. 
 
 380. Plutarchus. Opuscula Moralia. Grsece. 
 Printed hy Aldus. Venice. 1509. Folio. 
 2 Vols. 
 
 Editio Princeps : Grsecb. As this copy is divided into two volumes, 
 it will be described accordingly. On the recto of the first leaf, we 
 read as follows: 'Plutarchi Opuscvla. lxxxxii. Index Moralium 
 omnium & eorum quae in ipsis tractantur, habetur hoc quaternione. 
 Numerus autem arithmeticus remittit lectorem ad semipagina, ubi 
 tractantur singula.' The large anchor, in outline, is beneath. On the re- 
 verse of this first leaf, is the prefatory address of Aldus to J. Antiquarius 
 Perusinus, dated as below. — Fabricius, Harles, and Renouard, have each 
 inserted the greater part of the following interesting extract from this 
 preface. • Praeterea tantam inter nos amicitiam intercedere, ut tribus, 
 aut quatuor paribus amicorum, quae antiquitas celebrat, Antiquarii, & 
 Aldi mutua beneuolentia, & summa amicitia, quartum, quintumue par 
 adiungatur. Libuit hie subiungere HendecasyUabos, quos, cum ueni 
 ad te Mediolanum lusisti extempore prae summo gaudio Aduentus 
 nostri, ut faciant et hi fidem mutui amoris nostri. 
 
 A Idus uenit en, Aldus ecce uenit, 
 
 N ostrum sinciput, occiputq; nostrum, 
 
 M el, sal, lac quoque, corculiimque solus, 
 
 G raios altera, & altera Latinos 
 
 Qui apprendendo manu, reduxit omneis 
 
 I n uerum modo limitem, superbos 
 
 V ictores superans olympiorum. 
 
 N unc o nunc luuenes ubique in Vrbe 
 F lores spargite. Vere nanque primo 
 A Idus uenit en, Aldus ecce uenit. 
 
 Sed iam Indicem eorum, quae hisce Plutarchi opusculis habentur, lege, 
 ac Vale. Venetis mense Martio. M.D.IX. 
 
 We have next a Greek index; six Greek verses of Aleander, and a 
 Greek preface by Demetrius Ducas, the editor. These preliminary 
 pieces occupy 8 leaves of sign. f. On the recto of the ensuing leat^ 
 paged 1, on sign, a, we read the text of Plutarch, with this prefix : 
 
 nAOYTAPKOT XAlPX2NEi2S nAIAi2N AFiirH^.
 
 Fenice; 1509.] PLUTARCH. 281 
 
 The first volume concludes on page 484. The second commences on 
 p, 485, on the recto of gg iii. The impression terminates on p. 1050 : 
 nEPI THS HPOAOTOT KAKOH0EIAS. The register and iiu- 
 print are as follow : 
 
 ab cd e fg hi k Imno p q r ftu xjzScaabb 
 cc dd ee f f gg hh ii kk 11 mm nn oo pp qq rr ff tt uii xx 
 yy zz aaa bbb ccc ddd eee f ff ggg hhh iii kkl'i HI mmm 
 nnn ooo ppp qqq rrr fff ttt. 
 
 Omnes quaterniones^ pra^ter ultimum tcrnionem. 
 Venetiis In a;dibus Aldi 8c Andreae Asulani Soceri. 
 mense Marti o. M.D. IX. 
 
 The large unshaded anchor is on the reverse of the following leaf. The 
 reader may consult Fabric. Bibl. Grcec. vol. iii. p. 371 ; Idem Opus, curd 
 Harks, vol. v. p. ^04-5 ; and Renouard's L'Imprim. des Aide, vol. i. 
 p. 90, vol. iii. p. 9, 10.* From the first reference, we learn that there 
 is a veiy beautiful copy of this impression upon vellum, in the 
 Imperial Library at Paris, in two volumes, with the arms of Henry II. 
 stampt upon the cover. De Bure, vol. vi. n°. 60/8, is unpardonably 
 superficial. The present co|)y, ulthoui^h rather cropt, is very clean 
 and sound. Bound in red morocco. 
 
 * It may be worth while to subjoin the intelligence from this latter volume. ' On 
 poun'oit nommer ce volume (Plutarchi Opuscuia) grand in-4, parce qu'elfectivement lea 
 vergeures du papier sont pcrpendiculaires ; raais il est tres probable qu'il aura ete imprirae 
 ■en in-fol. c'est-a-dire, par Ibrmcs de deux pages seulement, avec du papier coupe par demi- 
 feuilles. Wyttenbach, dans son edition des CEuvres morales, assure avoir rcconuu, par les 
 collations qu"il en a fait faire avec soin, que les raaiiuscrits dont s'est servi Aide sont les 
 m^mes que Ton conserve encore aujourd'hui dans la bibliotlieque dc Saint JNIarc; et dans 
 Labbe, 'Nova Bibliotheca Mamiscripta, tom. i. p. 522, on voit qu'Aniyot a eu connoissance de 
 ces memes manuscrits, et les a soigneusement confere, vers 1546, lorsqu'il s'occupoit de sa 
 traduction de Plutarque ; ce qui suffiroit pour repondre au reproche hazarde contrc lui, 
 d'avoir traduit, non sur le grec, mais sur une version latine,comme le bou abbe Gedoyn 
 a veritablement fait pour sa traduction de Pausauias.' L'Imprim. des Aide, 1812, vol. iii. 
 p. 9, 10. 
 
 VOL. II. e o
 
 282 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Romej 1473. 
 
 381. PoLYBius. Opera. Latine. Printed hy 
 Siveynheym and Pannartz. Rome. 1473. 
 Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps. Latin^, Let us first briefly, but satisfactorily, 
 describe this exceedingly rare volume. On the recto of the first leaf 
 begins the address of Perottus, the translator, to Pope Nicolas V.; 
 which address comprehends two leaves. On the recto of the 3rd leaf, 
 there is this prefix to the version : 
 
 Nicolai Perotti historiaru Polybii liber primus 
 incipit feliciter. 
 
 A full page has 38 lines. On the reverse of the 153rd and last leaf, we 
 read the colophon in six verses, (as at p. 113 ante,) to which is sub- 
 joined the date, thus : 
 
 M.CCCC. LXXIII. 
 
 die iouis ultima decembris. 
 
 Laire, in Ms Spec. Hist. Typog. Rom. p. 193 note (e,) tells us that 
 
 • this impression is to be numbered with the rarest books, and that it 
 was hardly to be found in Rome.* He observes that De Bure says, 
 
 * not a copy of it was to be found in Paris ;' but the author of the 
 Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. n°. 4851, only remarks;, that • he had never 
 yet seen a copy of it.' AudifFredi has copied the passage from Laire, 
 but not with his usual caution in examining the authority to which 
 Laire refers. Edit. Rom. p. 130-1. Yet he has detected another error 
 ill Laire's brief description. The latter had said, that a copy of this 
 edition was in the Angelica Library — Audifiredi asserts, that a copy 
 had 7iever been in that collection, as aU the ancient and recent catalo- 
 gues of the same library testify. There appears, however, from 
 Audiffredi, to be a copy in the Albani Library, and another in that of 
 the Abbe Rossi. Brunet tells us, that the Valliere copy bought 700 
 livres, and the one in the Lomenie Collection, 1380 livxes. Manuel du 
 Libraire, vol. ii. p. 325. The Colbert, Gaignat, Soubise, and Gouttard 
 Collections, as far as I can discover, never contained it. The present 
 copy 1? large and beautiful; and is sumptuously bound by the younger 
 Bozeriaii, in blue morocco, silk lining, &c. &c. with more profusion 
 than taste of ornament.
 
 Milafi; 1471.] POiMPONlUS MELA. 283 
 
 382. PoMPONius Mela. IVithout Name of 
 Printer. Milan. 1471. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. When we view this small quarto volume, of 
 only 59 leaves, we are surprised how it shouM have furnished materials 
 for a reimpression in seven large octavo volumes ; said to ' teem 
 with erudition, classical interest, and sound taste.' Such is the cha- 
 racter of Tzschukius's edition of it, in 1807. See the Classical Journal, 
 n". ix. p. 14. We may describe it rather particularly. On the recto 
 of the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 ORBIS SITVM DICERE ag 
 
 gredior inipeditu opus k. facQ 
 
 diae minime capax Constat, n. 
 
 fere gentium locoiumq; nomini 
 
 bus 8c eorum perplexo satis ordine : que per 
 
 sequi loga est magis q benigna materia: 
 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 22 lines. At the termination of the description of 
 Italy, we read 
 
 nihil hie deest 
 
 DE GALLIA 
 
 the description of which latter country begins on the recto of the 
 ensuing leaf. On the reverse of fol. 59 and last, at bottom, the 
 colophon is as follows : 
 
 POMPONII MELLAE COSMOGRA 
 PHIAE LIBER EXPLICIT: 
 
 Mediolani septimo kalendas octobres Mil/ 
 
 lessimo quadringentessimo septuagessimo 
 
 PRIMO 
 
 Although I do not observe this impression noticed in the list of 
 editions of Pomponius Mela, in Panzer's vlh vol. p. 31 1, yet, at vol. ii. 
 p. 12, it is properly described, and copies of it are mentioned as having 
 been in the Gaignat, Valliere, Pinelli, and Lomenie Collections. In
 
 284 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 regard to a supposed earlier edition than the present one, noticed by 
 Ernesti as being: in the Senate Library at Leipsic — ' octonis facta, sine 
 titulo, auctoris et libri nomine, sine prsefatione, sine loci et anni nota, 
 et in fine " Pomponii Mellae Cosmographiae liber explicit" — the reader 
 wUl presently observ'e, that this supposed earlier impression is no 
 other than the one here next described ; and that, as containing sig- 
 natures, it must almost necessarily have been printed subsequently to 
 the year 1472. Ernesti thought it executed ' in principiis artis typo- 
 graphicae:' see his Fabric. Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 76. The impression 
 under description has neither signatures, numerals, nor catchw^ords. 
 Saxius, in his Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dlix. note g, has briefly but 
 well described it ; although it may be doubtful whether the printer of 
 it was Zarotus, as he intimates — 'cum per Ulud tempus Mediolanensem 
 Typographiam solus ipse exerceret.' Yet the types of it have some 
 resemblance to those of the Horace of 1474, vide p. 71 ante,) and of 
 the Quintilian of 1476 : vide post. It remains only to add, that the 
 present is rather a ciopt, but desirable, copy of this neatly executed 
 and uncommon impression. It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 383. PoMPONius Mela. TVitliout Date, Place, 
 or Name of Printer. Quarto. 
 
 This is the impression which Ernesti considered to be ' a very early 
 specimen of the Italian press.' I conclude it to be the same edition as 
 the one described by him, from the exact conformity of the colophon 
 with that which he has specified. We may be brief, but particular, in 
 the present description of it. On the recto of the first leaf, it is thus : 
 
 RBIS SITVM DICERE ag, 
 
 gredior impeditu opus 8c fa/ 
 
 cundiae miriime capax. Costat 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 22 lines. The signatures run in the following 
 order : a has 7, and the rest, as far as h, have 8 leaves : on the reverse 
 of \\ iiij we read the colophon as given by Ernesti : 
 
 Pomponii Mellje Cosmographice liber 
 explicit.
 
 Fenicc; 1478.] POMPONIUS MELA. 285 
 
 There is much elegance in this edition. The page is well set up, the 
 type neat, and the margin ample. The date of it is probably some- 
 where about the year 1474. A very desirable copy; in russia binding. 
 
 384. PoMPONius Mela. Printed by Hailbrun. 
 Venice. 1478. Quarto. 
 
 One of the most elegantly executed volumes from the press of 
 Hailbrun. Panzer, according to the authorities quoted by him, says 
 that it is a mere reprint of Ratdolt's impression of the year 14/7 and 
 executed also at Venice. On the recto of the tirst leaf, signature a, it 
 is as follows : 
 
 Pomponij Mellp Cosmographi de 
 situ orbis liber primus. Ptooeniium.* 
 
 Rbis situ dicere aggredior 
 irapeditura opum 8c facun/ 
 dip minime capax. Costat 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The first two lines of this extract are executed very neatly in red ink : 
 a full page has 26 lines. There are marginal printed notes ; and the 
 signatures run from a to f in eights. On the reverse of f viij, we read 
 the imprint, thus : 
 
 Impressum est hoc opusculu Venetijs 
 
 per Franciscum renner de Hailbrun. 
 
 . M . CCCC . LXXVIII. 
 
 Laus Deo. 
 
 Appended to the copy of this edition, there is an impression of Diony- 
 sius, De Situ Orbis ; by the same printer, and with the same date. 
 This latter has signatures, from a to d, in eights, d, six, and ends on 
 the recto of e v. Two pages of a table follow. There are very neatly 
 printed capital initials, like those in vol. i. p. xl. of the late edition of 
 our Typographical Antiquities. The present copy, containing both the 
 works here described, is bound in calf, with a red-morocco back. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 28G ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1472. 
 
 385. Propertius. TVdhout Name of Frinter, or 
 Place. 1472. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps ; but probably subsequent * to the (supposed 
 Spira) edition of 1472, folio, in which the united works of Catullus, 
 TibuUus, and the present poet, appear : see vol. i. p. 294-7. In making 
 the reader acquainted with this very uncommon, as well as elegant, 
 impression, I am not aware that I can do it more effectually than by 
 the following description ; — and the subjoined observations of the noble 
 Owner, written in the fly leaf of this copy : from which latter, it would 
 appear that the impression was almost unknown to critics and biblio- 
 graphers. On the recto of the first leaf, we read the opening, thus : 
 
 SEXTI. AVRELII. PROPERTII. NAV 
 TAB. VMBRI. INCIPIT. LIBER. AELE 
 
 gia^ uel monobiblos Ad tullum 
 
 Inthia prima suis miseru me 
 cepit ocellis 
 
 Contactum nullis ante cupidinibus 
 Tu in costatis deiecit lumia fastus 
 Et caput impositis pressit amor pedibus. 
 Donee me docuit castas odisse puellas 
 Improbus : Sc nullo uiuere consilio : 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 * Count Reviczky, in his MS. Memoranda relating to this edition, supposes, from the 
 month of February being incorporated in the colophon, that it must have been printed 
 before the folio impression of 1472 above referred to ; but for the reasons advanced at 
 p. 200 ante, a diflferent conclusion must be drawn from the insertion of this month in the 
 colophon ; namely, that the edition was executed towards the close of the year 1472. 
 ' Propertius (continues the Count) has been justly called learned ; but why, as in this 
 impression (lib. ii. eleg. xix. v. 24), and in many ancient MSS. he is called Nauta — does 
 not easily appear. The error, however, was sufficiently palpable to Beroaldus and Scaliger. 
 Instead of the verses, as thus printed, 
 
 quamvis nee sanguine avito 
 Nobilis et quamvis Navita dives eras, 
 
 the latter part of the second verse should be 
 
 NON iTA dives eras !
 
 1472.] PROPERTIUS. 287 
 
 There is a title to each poem, and titles to the several books, printed 
 in capital letters. A full page comprehends 28 lines. On the recto 
 of the 74th (pencil-numbered) and last leaf, we read the imprint thus : 
 
 SEXTI. PROPERTII. NAVTE . AVRE/ 
 LII: POETE. INLVSTRISSIMI: LIBER 
 EXPLICIT. SVB. ANNO. DOMINI. M. 
 .CCCC.LXII. MENSIS. FEBRVARH . 
 
 The reverse is blank. ' This edition (says Lord Spencer) is supposed 
 to make part of one containing both Catullus and Tibullus ; but no 
 copy of Catullus, printed in this form and character, has, as far as 1 
 know, yet appeared : and although the edition of Tibullus in 4to, 
 without date, appears to be in the same, or nearly the same, character, 
 there are however some material differences ; particularly in the num- 
 ber of lines forming an entire page: which, in this impression, is 
 generally 28 — but in the Tibullus, only 24. Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. 
 p. 440, has a false print in his transcript of the title ; viz. 'monobilos.' 
 for ' monobiblos.' There is an edition of Ovid's Metamorphoses, 
 without date or signatures, printed in a character similar to that of 
 the present work ; w hich is exactly described by IJraun, Not. Hist. Lit. 
 pt. i. p. 109 ; but Braun is mistaken in his conjecture that it might 
 have been printed by Jenson or Zarotus ; the character being very 
 different from that used by either of these printers.' Thus far from 
 the noble Owner of this copy ; which seems at once conclusive and 
 satisfactory. The reader will find some account of the edition of 
 Ovid's Metamorphoses, here referred to, at p. 204 ante : the character 
 of which has indeed a resemblance to that of the present one, but it is 
 sharper and more delicate. Audiffredi tells us that Vulpius, Maittaire, 
 De JKa*e, and Ernesti, knew nothing of this impression : his own de- 
 scription being taken from a perfect copy of it in the Casanatcnsian 
 library. Panzer, vol. iv. p. 7-8, seems to have borrowed from Audif- 
 fredi. Consult also Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 295-(> ; Boni and 
 Gamba, Bibl. Portat. vol. ii. p. 35 ; and Biunct's Manuel du Libraire, 
 vol. ii. 346. Why Panzer, Boni, and La Serna Santander, should 
 conceive the impression was oiiginally accompanied by Catullus, does 
 not very evidently appear. The present is a sound copy, but not free 
 from marginal observations : it is bound in blue morocco.
 
 288 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \TFithout Date. 
 
 386. Propertius. Without Name of Printer, 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is a very ancient and curious impression ; and may probably be 
 the EARLIEST EDITION of Propcrtius. It has not escaped the notice of 
 bibliographers ; but the previous accounts of it do not satisfy me as 
 being sufficiently particular. In fact, the Abb^ Boni is the principal 
 writer who has described it; and the notices of it by Panzer and 
 Brunet are only repetitions of the Abbe's description. In the Bihliot. 
 Portatile, vol. ii. p. 34, this impression is mentioned as ' Edizione 
 origmale, ritrovata in Brescia. Dal i-ozzo carattere e dalla carta si 
 riconosce aflFatto simile al Lucrezio, a Phalaridis Epistolce, 4to. ed all' 
 Acerba di Cecco d' Ascoli, fol. che hanno la sottoscrizione BIXIE 
 THOAIA FERnDO Autore.' In the Primi Libri a Stampa di Jlcune 
 Cittd. e Terre delV Italia Superiore, pp. lxxviii-ix, there is another, 
 more particular, description of this impression ; and the same conclu- 
 sion is drawn from it, respecting its typographical similarity to the 
 Cecco d'Ascoli, printed by Ferandus. ' Fu da me ritrovato in Brescia, 
 e al confronto si manifesta aflfato simile all' Acerba nella qualita, del 
 carattere, e della carta, che ha la stessa marca, e nell' ineguale e rozza 
 disposizione tipografica. Ha i dittonghi ae, oe, come il Virgilio, e gli 
 altri seguenti.' But the good Abbe, who, in this latter biblio- 
 graphical work, has unfortunately given too many proofs of his falli- 
 bility, might have qualified his observations by noticing, that, although 
 in the capital letters, and in the generality of the small ones, there is 
 an undoubted similarity, yet, in the execution of the press work, there 
 is an equal dissimilarity: — and the *e' in this particular production, 
 does certainly vary from the same letter in the Lucretius, Phalaris, and 
 Cecco d' Ascoli. On a close and severe examination, we cannot pro- 
 bably assign this impression of Propertius to any other printer than 
 to Ferandus ; but, it seems evident, from the delicacy and unworn 
 aspect of the letter, and fi'om the extreme irregularity of the press- 
 work, that it was the earliest production of this celebrated Brescia 
 printer. If so, it may take priority of the one which here precedes it. 
 It remains to describe the volume before us somewhat particularly; 
 as it is ti-uly, according to Brunet, ' tr^s precieuse edition:' Manuel 
 du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 346. On the recto of the first leaf, we read as 
 follows :
 
 mthout Date.-] PRUDENTIUS. 289 
 
 MONOBIBLOS PROPERTII AV 
 RELII NAVTE AD TVLLVM 
 
 YNTHIA PRIMA SVIS ML 
 SERVM ME CEPIT OCELLIS 
 
 Contactum Dullis ante cupidinilius 
 Tu mihi cobtatis deiecit lumia fastus 
 Et caput Ipositis piessit amor pedibus 
 Donee me docuit castas odisse puellas 
 Imjpbus X 8c nullo uiuere consilio. 
 8cc. 8cc. Xcc. 
 
 A full page, with the exception of the last, has 25 lines : the last 
 containing 27 lines. The printing is most irregular and repulsive; 
 and the type, although tolerably round and large, is too delicate for 
 the uncommon substance of the paper. The titles are in capital letters. 
 In the whole, 82 leaves. The two last lines are thus : 
 
 Moribus 8c caelum patuit l sum digna meredo 
 Quoius honoratis ossa uehat a<4s FINIS 
 
 The present copy abounds with ms. annotations ; but it is sufficiently 
 large, having many rough edges at the bottom. In red morocco 
 binding. 
 
 387- Prudentius. Opera. TVUhout Name 
 of Printer, Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This I apprehend to be the impression which is 
 considered to have been executed by Richard Paffroed, at Deventer, 
 about the year 1490. Panzer refers to Denis, p. 644, n°. 5697; 
 where a copy is noticed as containing also some opuscula of Prosper 
 and Hugbaldus, and in which there was an ancient ms. note, assigning 
 the year 1495 to this edition. Denis, among other authorities, refers 
 to the Cat. Bibl. Bunav. vol. i. pt. iii. p. 2019; but the edition here 
 referred to is so vaguely and briefly described, that it is impossible to 
 know precisely what ancient impression was contained in the Bunau 
 VOL. ix. p p
 
 290 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Rome; H73. 
 
 Collection. La Serna Santander is particular and satisfactory in his 
 account of this first edition ; which he conceives was executed by 
 PafiFroed, ' about the year 1490:' see his Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. 
 p. 297. Brunet has apparently contented himself with this latter 
 authority : Manuel du Lihraire, vol. ii. p. 348.* We shall be some- 
 what yet more particular. On the recto of the first leaf, at top, we 
 read the title to the work — * 3Dpera autelii clementiis ptuUetttii' — in large 
 lower-case Gothic characters. The reverse is blank. On the recto of 
 the following leaf are some verses of Rhodolphus Langius, with a testi- 
 mony from Gennadius Massiliensis, in praise of Pinidentius. On the 
 recto a iij we read as follows : 
 
 •I^llurriij jrmbcntij Cleinentisr 3[n tJtraci^ te^tame- 
 turn Cetrasfticja que a nonulli^ cljitocJcum ^int Iji- 
 ^tonarum tituli injefcriJitttur. 
 
 Beneath are 28 lines : a full page having 3 1 lines. The signatures 
 run in sixes. On t iiij, recto, the Hymns commence ; and they conclude 
 on the recto of j ii. Then, a reply to the Oration of Symmachus, which 
 continues to the end of the volume. After j, we have z : next, from 
 A to D. On the reverse of D v, we read this particular colophon ; 
 which shews the order in which the several pieces succeed each other : 
 
 €1 5CureIii Clemen tiiSf Jprubentij #pera. 
 prubt^ lector. |)oc orbinc Slnipref^a inueiti^ 
 t^* ^rimu in btrfiq^ te^tametum ^etra^efti 
 ea. HDeintie eum quern tie biuinitate UBru 
 ^crijr^it 3Cpotfjeo^imq5 tttulauit. ^jsfieljoma 
 cilia ^equitur* ijamartigenia tjijjae recto or^ 
 tnt atitiitur ^petri ^tepftano ^uBtiitur ^ic eni 
 0rece iiiier ati martprium inuitatoriu^ in^ 
 ^crifiitur* SDiurnorum tjero jjpmnorum Ji^ 
 l»ro (qui et catjenierinon bicitur) et eo que 
 contra ^^pnimacgum itioloiatria tiefentie 
 te ^crip^it jm!c!jro et recto orbine totu op*^ 
 con^uniniatur. 
 
 * De Bure merelj' mentions tlic spurious Deventer edition of 1472, noticed hy jjlaittaire. 
 He appciirs never to have seen the above volume: Bill. Instr. vol. iii. no. 2857.
 
 fFithout Date.] PRUDENTIUS. 291 
 
 It must be observed, that there are two different sets or forms of 
 types, in the characters with which this impression is executed : that, 
 in the aljove colophon and in the general title, is sharper and squarer, 
 and has a bolder appearance : the other is more of a secretary Gothic. 
 The copy here described is a very beautiful one ; in blue morocco 
 binding. 
 
 388. Prudentius. De Inventione Novi Ignis 
 Pascalis. ff^ithout Date or Place. Quarto. 
 
 This edition appears to have escaped Panzer ; at least if we may 
 judge from the omission of its title in vol. v. p. 375. The type is a 
 secretary Gothic, similar to that of the edition of Lucan supposed 
 (erroneously) to have been printed at Halle in 1472 : see p. 143 ante. 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read the title in four lines, large lower- 
 case Gothic, thus : * IPtuBencp autelp ex lifito ijpmnotum t^^mnicum carmnx 
 De jnucntione noui iflnig paecalia. On the recto of the ensuing leaf the 
 prefix is thus : 
 
 ^pmnitum astleptaDiu; 
 Cortambicum ^^rutiencp 
 
 ^Hurelij Cantien tetra^ticu^ be l^oui igniiaf 
 pa^calijaf inuentionc. 
 
 Six leaves : on signature A. On the recto of the sixth leaf the poem 
 terminates. A full page has 19 lines. This is a beautiful copy, bound 
 up with the following tract. 
 
 389. Prudentius. Liber Hymnorum. Printed 
 hy PVintei'hurg. Vienna, IVithout Date. 
 Quarto. 
 
 Denis (Suppl. p. 644, n". 5698.) is the only bibliographer, as far as 
 I have had an opportunity of examining, who has descrilied this im- 
 pression ; which is executed with rather unusual delicacy and skill. 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a, we read the title, with 19 vei-ses
 
 292 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iricenza; 1475. 
 
 beneath from ' Cu0piniaitu0 at) Icctorcm.' On the reverse, is a prosaic 
 address from the same writer to John Gracchus Pierius, Prothonatory 
 of the Emperor Maximilian. On the recto of the ensuing leaf the text 
 of the poet begins. A full page has 24 lines. The signatures a, b, 
 and c, have each 8 leaves : d has 4. On the reverse of d iiij the 
 colophon is as follows : 
 
 € ^lurclii <CIenienti$f 5^m- 
 bcntij Catfjemerhnon finit. 
 
 3inii?rcfj0fum Wiitnnt ptt 
 
 3[ol()annem IBintecIiurg* 
 
 Few copies of ancient books exceed the present one in cleanness of 
 condition. Bound with the preceding ; in blue morocco. 
 
 390. ProLEMiEUS. Latine. Printed hy Herman 
 Levilapidensis. Vicenza. 1475. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps ; Latinfe ; but of comparatively little value, in the 
 estimation of bibliographers, on account of not having the maps, 
 which the reader will observe to constitute so material a part of the 
 value of the ensuing impression. Yet there are some curious geogra- 
 phical wood-cut embellishments, which render this edition of absolute 
 necessity to the collector. On the recto of aa z, we read an address 
 of Angelo de Scarparia to Pope Alexander V., which occupies 2 pages. 
 On aa 3, recto, a table of the chapters in the first book : on reverse of 
 the same leaf, the 1st chapter begins. The signatures are rather 
 capriciously arranged; thus, aa 10 : bb 8 : then a (1 not numbered,) 
 10 : b, c, d, e, f, g, each 8 leaves : h 10. Next, A to G, in eights : G 
 ten : on reverse of G x, the imprint is thus — preceded by a brief address 
 of Vadius and B. Picardus to the reader — (as seen in Panzei", vol. iii. 
 p. 507.) 
 
 En tibi lector Cosmographia Ptolemasi ab Hermano leuilapide 
 Coloniensi Vicenciae accuratissime impressa. Benedicto 
 Triuisano : k. Angelo Michaele praesidibus. 
 .M.CCCC. LXXV. IDI. SEPT. 
 
 Then follows, on the reverse of the ensuing, ' l^maco ^unUi 3Incipit' in 
 large lower-case Gothic type, with a wood-cut, on the opposite page.
 
 Bologna; 1462.] PIOLEMY. 293 
 
 of the arctic and antarctic poles : having small black letter beneath. 
 Other similar cuts occupy the 7 following pages. This appendix, 
 of 5 leaTes, seems to have escaped De Bure, Panzer, and Brunet. 
 The present is a fair sound copy, in russia binding. 
 
 391. PTOLEMiEus. Latine. Printed hy Dominicus 
 de Lapis. Bologna. 1462. (^Spurious Date. J 
 Folio. 
 
 De Bure, Bibl. Instruct, vol. v. p. 32-40, has taken unusual pains in 
 his description of this curious and much celebrated volume. The 
 copies in the Gaignat and Lauragaii Collections, supplied him with the 
 materials of his extended and accurate detail. But the labours of De 
 Bure relating to this edition have been eclipsed, both in respect of 
 minuteness and extension, by Bartolommeo Gamba ; who, in a small 
 quarto volume of 50 pages, has given fac-similes of the type and water 
 marks with sufficient fidelity. This brochure was published in 1796 ;* 
 and in the course of our description, we shall not fail to avail ourselves 
 of its contents. Meanwhile Heinecken had taken particular notice of 
 the volume ; and La Serna Santander seems to have stolen the materials 
 of Heinecken, with his usual dexterity and ingratitude : for the name 
 of the latter is studiously suppressed in the Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. 
 p. 250-1 ; vol. iii. 304-5. 
 
 The artifice of the date, M.CCCC.LXII., seems to be accounted for 
 from the mistake of having substituted the first T, instead of the letter 
 L, between the X and the second I : thus, it should have been, accord- 
 ing to the ancient manner of datuig, as Breitkopf affirms, 1491 : 
 (MGCCCLXLI ) De Bure concludes, that an X only is omitted ; 
 and that the date should have been MCCCCLXXII. Now it seems 
 improbable that the publication could have appeared before the year 
 1482— the date generally assigned to it — for the two following reasons. 
 Pirst, Beroaldus is said, in the preface, to have bestowed considerable 
 editorial care upon it : — but, in the year 1462, this distinguished editor 
 
 • The title is as follows : • Osservazioni su la Edizione delta Geograjia di Tolomeo fatta 
 in Bologna colla data del M.CCCC.LXII. Esposte da Bartolommeo Gamba. Bassarw. 1796, 
 4to. There are fac-similes of some of the personifications of the Winds — hut not 
 very successful ones. It is rather extraordinary that thi^ brochure of Gamba sliould have 
 «6caped Peigiiot in his Repertoire Bibliographique Unuersel, 1312, 8m'. p. iOQ-fi-
 
 291 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologna; [1462.] 
 
 was only nine years of age, he having been born in the year 1453., 
 Secondly, There is no work extant, with the name of Doniinicus de 
 Lapis subjoined as the printer of it, before the year 1476 : and if we 
 admit the age of Beroaldus, even in 1482,* to have been inadequate to 
 a performance like the present, we must then acquiesce in the reason- 
 ing of Breitkopf, (' molto valutabile anche 1' opinion' — as Gamba 
 expresses it,) and assign the* date of 1491 to the impression. Yet 
 Heinecken, (who is rather inclined to the conclusion that the work 
 was published in 1482,) admits that * the maps have indeed an ancient 
 appearance : that they are executed in a very rude manner : and from 
 the zigzag strokes which appear in them, and which the ancient gold- 
 smiths were in the habit of putting upon their silver plates, it is 
 evident that these maps were executed by some such artists as the 
 latter.' Id^e G^irale d'une Collection complette d' Estampes, p. 145-6. 
 
 The observations of Audiffredi are, as usual, deserving of attention. 
 At pp. 12, 13, of the Edit. Ital. he subscribes to the opinion of those 
 who conclude the legitimate date of the impression to be 1482 ; and a 
 long extract, from Heinecken t in particular, is adduced upon the 
 subject. In the pages of the work here referred to, De Bure is cor- 
 
 * ' II n'etoit encore qu'un enfaat fort tendre lorsqu'il fit une critique des Commentairei 
 de Servms sur Virgile, et qu'il censura tres judicieusement lesfautesde cet Auteur.' Baillet: 
 Jugemens des Savam, vol. v. pt i. p. 93-4; edit. 1725, 12mo. De La Monuoye subjoins a 
 judicious observation : he informs us that, in the edition of the Commentaries of Servius 
 here alluded to, which was printed in 1482, (and which is well described by Auditfredi in 
 his Edit. Ital. p. 51-2) Beroaldus himself explicitly states his age to be 26. But if this 
 confession were made in the year in which this edition was printed, it would be assigning 
 the date of 1456 to that of the birth of the editor : a still more forcible conclusion against 
 the genuineness of the date of the above edition of Ptolemy. On the other hand, Bian- 
 chino, the pupil of Beroaldus, who wrote the Life of his Master, fixes the birth of the latter 
 in 1453. Jugemens des Savans, vol. ii. pt.i. p. 406. This date is probably the genuine one ; 
 and if so, the confession of Beroaldus respecting his own age, must have been made two 
 or three years before the printing of the Bologna edition of Servius's Commentaiy of 1482. 
 Pope Blount, and Fabricius, are decidedly in error in affixing the birth of Beroaldus 
 to the year 1450. Cens. Celebr. Author, p. 363; Bibl. Med. et Inf. .Etat vol. v. 
 p. 851-2. 
 
 t Our late learned antiquary, Richard Gough, has devoted 102 pages of the first 
 volume o[ his BritishTopographij, to a disquisition upon the antiquity of maps relating to our 
 own counirij. lu a long preliminary note, at p. 57, the antiquity of maps in general is 
 rather fully gone into ; but it might have been no unseasonable addition to this department 
 of his researciies, if a small portion of the reader's attention had been directed to the history 
 ot the frst printed charts : as these were more likely to be accessible to the curious, than 
 MS. drawings of them, in particular cabinets. But I suspect that Gough liad no know-
 
 Bologna; [14«2.] PTOLEMY. 
 
 295 
 
 rected for a few slight errors in his description of the impression ; and 
 in the note (2) of p. 13, we are informed by Audiffredi, that the types 
 of the Ptolemy evidently resomble those in the Opiisculum of liened. 
 de Niirsia, de Consercat, Sanitatls, printed by De L;i))is, in 1477: except 
 that the latter are less perfect, and appear to have been executed 
 before the publication of the present work. At p. 35, Audiffredi 
 remarks, that there is a still closer resemblance between the i)rintinff 
 in the Refutatio Galeotti Objectorum in Libr. de Homine, of 1 4/6, by De 
 Lapis,and the present production — 'Haec autem multo evidentius quam 
 ipsius Renedicti opus, ostendunt, Ptolemaeum a Dom. Lapio cuui nota 
 anni 1462, impressum, multo infra annum 1476, dejiciendum esse, 
 cum, ut suo loco observatum est, Ptolemaeus non signaturis modo, sed 
 et registro ac duplici indice instructus fuerit.' &c. 
 
 To the opinion of Audiffredi we may subjoin that of Lanzi,* in his 
 Storia Pittorica, vol. i. p. 97-8; Bassano, 1795-6: — but not without 
 making a preliminary observation or two. First, Lanzi does not appear 
 to have ever seen the edition itself, as he refers to, and depends upon, 
 the brief extract from it given by Meerman. In the second place, he 
 is erroneous in asserting that Audiffredi concludes the edition to have 
 been executed in 1491 — as the contrary has been just shewn. Thirdly, 
 
 ledge of the above early editions of Ptolemy. The Bologna edition is wholly passed over 
 in silence by Strutt, in his preliminarj- essay in vol. i. of the Dictionary of Engravers. 
 
 Neither the Pembroke nor Marlborough libraries contained it ; nor can I find it in the 
 Harleian Catalogue. Probably the present is the first and only copy of it iu England. 
 
 * For the above extract from Lauzi, I am indebted to Mr. W. Y. Ottlev ; a gentleman 
 well known for his researches and taste in the pursuit of ancient engraxing. JMr. Ottley 
 continues the discussion in a letter, thus : 
 
 ' In addition to the extract which I send you (translated as correctly as I am able) from 
 Lanzi, I must suggest the possibilitt/ (supposing the name of Fili|)po Beroaldo in the cata- 
 logue of tlie correctors of the Bologna Ptolemy, to be the onli/ or chief argument against 
 the truth of its date) that it appears to have been no uncommon thing amongst the Italians 
 for the father and son to have the same name, and in short that the Filippo here mentioned 
 might be the father, or other relation of the more celebrated Beroaldo. — Asa case in point, 
 I must refer you to the 4th vol. of Baldinucci, ' Nntizia de" Professori del diseg^io,' Firenze, 
 1769, where (in a note) the learned Domenico Maria Manni was led to affirm that Maso 
 Finiguerra was dead in 1424, in consequence of a public document, which most probably 
 respected his father, whose name was also Maso or To.n'.nuisi>— Thus Gori, in his Tliesauru» 
 Veterum Diptijchorum, torn. iii. p. 315, calls Miso Thomae Finiguerrae filius.' 
 
 To this it may be briefly replied, that the Elder Bfroaldus, the editor of the Ptolemy, 
 w the celebrated Beroaldus. His nephew edited the first edition of the entire kuowo 
 works of Tacitus in 1515: see post.
 
 206 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologiia ; [1462.] 
 
 His reasoning respecting- the Roman impression of 1478 may be satis- 
 factorily answered by the note at p, 298 post : — and in the fourth and 
 last place, if Beroaldus was a learned man and opened a school in 1473, 
 (upon what autliority is this stated ?) it does not follow that he should 
 have been a nuracle at the age of nine years, and collated geographical 
 works for an edition of Ptolemy. But Lanzi shall speak for himself. 
 
 * It seems to me, however, beyond all doubt, that about this time 
 (1472,) the art of engraving on copper was practised, not only in 
 Mantua, where Mantegna resided, but likewise in Bologna. There is 
 to be found in the Corsini Library at Rome, and in that of the Foscarini 
 family at Venice,^ La Geografia di Tolomeo, printed at Bologna, by 
 Domenico de Lapis, Avith the date (probably requiring amendment) of 
 1462. It contains 26 maps very rudely engraved, but nevertheless, so 
 much admired by the printer, that, in his preface, he is lavish in his 
 praise of this new discovery (engraving) and compares it to the inven- 
 tion of typography not long before discovered in Germany. These are 
 his words, as cited and not contradicted by Meerman, page 251. (See 
 the passage quoted at length towards the end of this Article.) The 
 same writer, however, and other learned men, insist that the date 
 requires amendment, principally in consequence of the catalogue of the 
 reviewers of the work, amongst whom is named Filippo Beroaldo, who 
 in 1462, was only nine years of age. Hence, Meerman is of opinion 
 that we should read 1482 ; Audiffredi, and others, that it should be 
 1491 ; opinions, in which I cannot join them. For the Ptolemy having 
 been printed at Rome in 1478, with 27 excellent engravings, what 
 impudence and folly must we suppose the Bolognese printer guilty of, 
 had he exalted his edition with so many eulogiunis after another, incom- 
 parably its superior, had been published? I am therefore obliged to 
 place it earlier. I will also observe, that the engraving of 26 maps 
 with so many marks, (segni) lines, and distances, must, in that early 
 period of the art, have been a very laborious and difficult task, requir- 
 ing not a few years to accomplish ; for we know that three or four 
 years were employed, by engravers nmch more expert, in completing 
 the plates for the Roman edition. We must therefore carry back the 
 epoch of engraving amongst the Bolognese, to some years previous to 
 the publication of the book, which perhaps took place in 1472.'* 
 
 We are next, in order, to introduce a few of the observations of 
 Gamba, with which the reader has been promised to be gratified at the 
 
 * ' In 1472 Beroaldo was already a learned man, and in 1473 he opened his school.' Qu ?
 
 Bologna; 1462.] PTOLEMY. 297 
 
 opening of this description. It may suffice previously to remark, that 
 this bibliographer seems to agree with De Bure in assigning the date 
 of MCCCCLXXII., as that of the genuine one of the impression : nor 
 am I ver'j strongly persuaded that this conclusion is erroneous ; althoufh 
 I incline to the opinion that the genuine date is 1482. But Gamba 
 shall speak for himself. 
 
 • Among the most celebrated learned men who refuse to acknowledge 
 as genuine the date of the Ptolemy, announced as of 14G2, may be 
 reckoned Raidel, Card. Quirini, Meerinan, Mazzuchelli, Count Fan- 
 tuzzi, Heinecken, and Tiraboschi; and among bibliographers of the 
 first class, Maittaire, De Bure, Crevenna, Audiffredi, Panzer, and other 
 illustrious names speak of it as a false subscription — to the opiuioa 
 and authority of whom I willingly subscribe. 
 
 • J do not think that this date can by any means be plausibly 
 maintained. The age of the corrector of the work, Filippo Beroaldo, 
 who in 1462 was but 9 years old, and was beyond doubt the same 
 Beroaldo senior mentioned in the Storia Letteraria, (since, the biogra- 
 phers who illustrated the Bolognese writers, with scrupulous exactness, 
 make no mention whatever of any older Beroaldo;) the age also of 
 Girolamo Manfredi, the other corrector, who is announced in the book 
 as a most skilful astrologer, and who only in 1463 was laureat in 
 philosophy ; the geographical tables of Nicolo Doni being made about 
 the year 1468, or not much sooner, as I shall prove in its jjlace — and 
 finally, the unequivocal subscription to the works of Ovid — printed in 
 1471* — in which we read, that Baldassare Azzoguido, a citizen of 
 Bologna, first introduced the art of printing into his country : — all 
 these objections are to me so many rocks which 1 have not courage to 
 run against, nor do I feel myself strong enough to surmount them. 
 
 ' But if I agree with the beforementioned authors in acknowledging 
 that the date of the edition of Ptolemy has been altered, I cannot yet 
 subscribe to the opinion of those who (with the exception only of De 
 Bure) refer it to a much more recent epoch, and consider it to be a 
 work of the end of the 15th century: — taking from it absolutely the 
 precedence over the other Italian editions of the Grecian geographer, 
 printed at Venice in 1475, and at Rome in 1478 : so that, instead of 
 maturely examining w hether it may at least retain the honour of being 
 a first edition, and perhaps one of the most precious monuments in 
 which the art of engraving is to be seen exercised in printed works, 
 they all agree in depriving it even of this prerogative. 
 
 • See a particular descriptioa of thia rare edition at p. 191, itc. ante. 
 
 VOL. II. a q
 
 298 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologna; 1462. 
 
 * Let the reader suspend awhile his opinions, and follow my inves- 
 tigations ; in which I propose to myself, by observations on ancient 
 typography with the history of the time in which the editors of the 
 book flourished, to answer all the objections hitherto made ; — content 
 to be set right if I go astray, or to quit the field if he can succeed in 
 new discoveries that shall enlighten me : it being always fair and 
 praise-worthy to yield ingenuously to the truth, and to terminate a 
 contention in virtuous friendship. 
 
 • I present, in the first place, the very accurate description of the 
 book examined by me at leisure in Venice : — thanks to the inexpressi- 
 ble courtesy of the celebrated keeper of the Library of St. Mark, Don 
 Jacopo INIorelli ! — who procured for me, for a few days, the unique 
 copy, which is there preserved in the Casa Foscarini at the Carmelites ; 
 and was moreover pleased to assist me with his abilities in a compari- 
 son of it with the other editions of Ptolemy, the Vincentine and 
 Roman, necessary to the investigation proposed.' P. iv.-vi. 
 
 Then follows a very particular and elaborate description of the volume 
 —unnecessary to repeat here, from the ensuing equally faithful account 
 of it. This brings us therefore back again to the spot, from whence 
 we may be said to have travelled not wholly without amusement and 
 profit. 
 
 "WTienever executed, this volume is unquestionably a curiosity ; as 
 affording an illustration of the early state of the graphic arts :* but the 
 
 * Perhaps tlie most valuable Latin edition of Ptolemy is that published at Rome in 1478, 
 by BucKi>cK, a German artist—' vir apprime eruditus.' This impression was begun to be 
 executed by Sweynhevm, who appears to have taken it in hand as early as the year 1472 
 — but after tlu-ee years labour bestowed upon it, he died : A. D. 1475. The dedicatory 
 epistle of this edition has been thought to prove that Sweynheym was the inventor of the 
 PLATES — 'auimum primum ad banc doctrinam capessendam applicuit, subinde malhematicis 
 adhibitis viris, quemadmodum tabulis «neis imprimerentue, edocuit,' &c. Consult 
 the note at p, 143 of Heinecken's Idte, &c. Maittaire and De Bure have omitted to notice 
 this rare and precious edition ; at present wanting in the Spencer Collection :— but there 
 is a good account ot it in the Edit. Rom. p. 229, and a still better one in the Bibl. Crevenrt. 
 vol. V. p. 14-18 : edit. 1775. The latier part of Crevenna's description is here 
 submitted to the reader ; as it bears upon the question of the legitimacy of the date 
 of the above impi'ession. ' One may draw an argument from the preface of this 
 Roman impression of 1478 (says Crevenna), that the Bologna edition of 1462, is in 
 all probability posterior to it. First, it should seem that such a preface is better adapted 
 to a first, than to a second, impression — exhibiting similar plates. Secondly, if Sweyn- 
 heym, in this preface, be correctlj- designated as the first engraver of charts, the Bologna 
 edition, with copper plates, could not have been more ancient by 16 j'ears. And to 
 prove that the art of engraving maps upon copper was not knowii before the year in
 
 Bologna; 1462.] PTOLEMY. 299 
 
 signatures alone prevent our assigning to it an earlier date than that 
 of 1472. We will now be soniewliat particular in our description. 
 On the recto of the first leaf, at top of the first column, commence* 
 an address to Pope Alexander V ; with this prefix : 
 
 BEATISSIMO PATRl ALEXAN 
 DRO QVINTO PONT. MAX. AN 
 GELVS 
 
 Towards the bottom of the first column, speaking of some geographical 
 
 illustrations, by means of plates, the editor says : 
 
 quos 
 in pictura figere decreuerimus nedu quippe I o 
 gitudinem locorum a fixo quoda nostre habita 
 bills totius termino ductam. Quae taineii rara 
 inuentio est. 
 
 On the reverse begins the first chapter. The ensuing leaf is inaccu- 
 rately numbered A i, in the signature, instead of A 2. The signatures 
 A, B, C, run in eights : B i being incorrectly marked B z. D has only 
 four leaves. Then, a ten, b eight, c six leaves : next, E sLx. On the 
 recto of E vj, the colophon is thus : 
 
 CLAVDII PTOLAMAEI * ALEXAN 
 DRINI COSMOGRAPHIAE OCTA 
 VI ET VLTIMI LIBRl FINIS. 
 
 Hie finit Cosniographia Ptolemei impressa 
 opa dorainici de lapis ciuis Bononiesis 
 
 ANNO . M . CCCC . LXIL 
 
 MENSE IVNII. XXIII. 
 
 BONONIE 
 
 wliich this Roman impression appeared, it must be remembered that the Vicema edition of 
 1475 appeared without these charts !— and it would have been at once disadvantageous 
 and disgraceful for the printer of the Viceiiza impression to have omitted thoni, if a previous 
 publication of them had existed.* To this it may be replied that, in the original, the ante- 
 cedent, to which the words ' ad banc doctrinam capessendam' refer, is extremely doubtlul 
 if not obscure ; and that Sweynhej m's ' teaching other men how they might print with 
 copper-plates,' does not necessarily make Sweynheym himself the inventor of the art of 
 copper plate map printing. But the reader should probably consult Raidelius's CammeH(a/io 
 Critko-Utterai'ia de Plolcmm Geograiihia ejusque codicibus tarn muiiuicriptu quam typis <.t- 
 jnestii, Norimb. 173-1, 4to. cap. vii. * Sic>
 
 300 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bolog7iaj 1462. 
 
 The register is beneath : the reverse, blank. A table of the Maps fol- 
 lows, preceded by this prefix — which has been also extracted by De 
 Bare. ' Tabulas Cosmographise secundum dimensiones Ptolomei im- 
 pressas tibi quisquis es Nobilium operum studiose : non solum ob earn 
 rem commendo : quod ab excellentissima Ptolomei scientia manarunt. 
 Sed multo magis. Quia & characteres & figure tanta sunt diligentia 
 correcte ut non multo plus Ptolomeo ob mirabilem primam compo- 
 sitionem. Quam nouo correctori ob emendationem congruam debere 
 uideamur. Nam frustra suo coelesti ingenio Ptolomeus scientiam 
 mundi mundo reliquisset. Nisi preteritorum seculorum ignorantia 
 sinuil ac temeritate corruptos. Eius codices & peruersas confusasq; 
 tabularum figuras noua corrigentis industria sincera fide ad ipsius 
 aucloris dignitatem reuocasset. Et Ptolomeum non modo ceteris 
 hominibus. sed ipsi quoque Ptolomeo resfituisset. Accedit mlrifica 
 imprimendi tales tabulas ratio. Cuius inuentoris laus nihil illonim 
 laude inferior. Qui primi literarum imprimendarum artem pepere- 
 runt in admirationem sui studiosissimum quemque facillime conuertere 
 potest. Opus utrunque summa adhibita diligentia duo Astrologiae 
 peritissimi castigauerunt Hieronimus Mamfredus & Petrus bonus. 
 Nee minus curiose correxerunt summa eruditione prediti Galleottus 
 Martins & Colla montanus. Extremam emendationis manum imposuit 
 philippus b[e]roaldus qui plinii Strabonis reliquorumque id genus 
 scriptorum Geographiam cum Ptolomeo conferens. ut esset quam 
 emendatissimus elaborauit.' 
 
 The maps are (as Gamba justly observes) 26 in number. From the 
 second, the reader is presented with the opposite fac-simile of Scot- 
 land — in which a compliment seenis to be paid it, for its ' sylvan 
 honours,' that has not been rejjcated by many subsequent geographers. 
 Beneatli, will also be seen fac-similes of the zigzig strokes, forming the 
 ocean, and of the winds (taken from other maps) noticed by Heinecken 
 and Gamba. All the charts in the present copy are coloured by an 
 ancient hand ; which is probably the case •with most of the copies. 
 The volume is in sound condition, and handsomely bound in red 
 morocco. It was recently obtained from Paris, at the sale of the 
 books of Firmin Didot, in 1810, n°. 843, for an exorbitant sum. 
 
 De Murr (who is decidedly of opinion that the date of this impression should be 1482) 
 describes a fine vellum MS. of Ptolemy, of the xvth century, which is also noticed by 
 Raidelius at p. 26, 33 ; — and in which the dedication is to Pope Innocent V'— but erro- 
 neously. Memorab. BibL Pubi Noi-imb. pt. ii. p. 84.
 
 \ o 
 
 F,i, Xiini/,s /rr/n //,./f //'"',<■ I "'M,if>.\iii tin Hnj,
 
 Ulm; 1482.] 
 
 PTOLEMY. 
 
 SOI 
 
 392. Ptolem^us. Printed hy Leonard Hoi. 
 Ulm. 1482. Folio. 
 
 The reader is about to be made acquainted with one of the most 
 magnificent and interesting volumes in this Collection. It has been 
 briefly described by De Bure, but unaccountably omitted by La Serna 
 Santander. Baur, Bibl. Lihror. Rarior. vol. ii. p. 264, calls it * a very 
 rare edition,' upon the authority of Raidel (see note at p. 299 ante,) 
 Engel and Schwarz ; but the second authority {Bibl. Selectiss. p, 134,) 
 gives merely a brief title of the volume. Braun, Notit. Hist. Lit. 
 pt. ii. p. 96, is somewhat copious; and Laire, Index. Lihror. vol. ii. p. 
 63-4, is brief but interesting. Both these latter authorities notice the 
 extreme splendour of the edition, and do not fail particularly to describe 
 the veood-cut, of which the ensuing is a fac-simile : 
 
 BEATISSIMO PATRI PAVLO SE 
 CVNDO PONTIFICI MAXIMO. 
 BONIS NICOLAVS GERMANVS
 
 302 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Ulm; 1482. 
 
 The preceding is the first object* which strikes the reader, oa com- 
 mencing his perusal of this magnificent volume. The address, to which 
 it is a prefix, concludes on the recto of the second leaf, sign, a 2, with 
 a table of the contents of the first book. On the reverse commences 
 the text of Ptolemy, according to the ensuing fac-simile ; which 
 probably presents us with the earliest representation of the author : 
 
 OSMOGRA 
 pbia defigna^ 
 trix imitatio e 
 toti^ CDgniti or 
 biscubisqfe^' 
 K Ytiiuerlalitcir 
 fibiiunguntan 
 Acotogmpbfa 
 
 The work is printed in double columns, in the same elegant type as is 
 
 * ' A cut of the monk Donis, offering his version to Pope Paul II, precedes the address 
 of the former. This very copy was the one which was brought to the reigning Pontiff— 
 as appears from an ancient coeval hand writing, thus : " ce livre a et6 fait pour donner a 
 notre bon Pere." The coat of arms of SLxtus IV, stamped in gold, is upon the ancient 
 and original binding — Paul II. having died before the execution of the press-work. 
 Nothing more beautiful of its kind can be wished for.' Laire; ibid. De Murr gives us 
 rather an interesting piece of information concerning the origin of this portrait : 
 
 ' In ilia se conspiciendum praebet Pontifex Maximus, throno insidens, in capite gestans 
 diadema papale. Ante ejus genua prouolutus iacet Monachus, pomgens librum ; quae 
 certe Nicolaum Donis, monachum ordinis Benedictinorum,dedicanlem et offerentem Pontifici 
 Maximo librum, a se emendatum, indicare mihi uidentur. Ex mea igitur sententia Nicolaus 
 Donis nonnulla in uersione lacobi Angeli coiTexit, quod instituta exemplarium collatio 
 docebit : deinde tabulas geographicas, quas iam Agathodaemon ex niente Ptolemaji 
 delineauit, expressis nominibus uibium et locorum latinis, conuertit, emendauit, et Estensi 
 Ferrariae Principi obtulit ; in quibus tamen, ut ipse fatetur, " nulla in re a Ptolema?i uiten- 
 tione, licet a pictura, discessit." Ex lioc Auctoris autographo, Florentia? adseruato, et 
 nitidissime scripto, cum ars graphica in solis fere Monasteriis fuerit exculta, plura fuere 
 descripta exempla; quorum unum peruenit ad manus Leonardi Hol, ciuis et typographi 
 Vlmensis, qui istud, una cum tabulis ligiio incisis, typis imprimi curauit.' Memombil. Bibl. 
 Publ, Nmimb. pt. ii. p. 86-8. De Murr's note at p. 86 is also well worth cousultiog.
 
 vim; 1482.] 
 
 PTOLEMY. 
 
 303 
 
 given in the preceding fac-siniile ; and to each chapter is prefixed a 
 rich blooming capital, like one of the following : 
 
 The signatures are somewhat irregular : a having 10, and b, c, d, 
 e, f, and g, each 8 leaves : h has ] 1 leaves. The maps, 32 in number, 
 immediately follow ; and to each map is prefixed a table, printed within 
 a rude but rather handsome border. From the first of these maps, the 
 reader is presented with the following fac-simile ; as a companion to 
 that which is given in the description of the previous impression. It 
 represents only half, or the upper part, of the country described : 
 
 liCtncniujK 
 
 -ti'/ ^ ^ 
 
 *^^ ilHitnntm oj 
 
 Vflintcj; 
 
 aiifoUinv^t^^ 
 
 iibci^^ ^Aii 
 
 ^^ 
 
 From the bottom corners of the nxih map, he is presented with 
 another companion to nearly similar objects, given in the copper plate
 
 304 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [ZTlm ; 1482. 
 
 opposite p. 300 ante. The first of these Winds, to the left, is called 
 AFRICVS. VEL. LIBS :'— the second, ' WLTVRNVS.* EVRVS.f 
 
 On the reverse of the last map wc have the following imprint, 
 at the end of a table, followed by a memorandum concerning the 
 zodiac : 
 
 CLAVDII PTOLOMEI VIRI A 
 LEXANDRINI COSMOGRAPHIE 
 OCTAVVS ET VLTIMVS LIBER 
 EXPLICIT 
 
 OPVS DONNI NICOLAI GERMA 
 NI SECVNDVM PTOLOMEVM 
 FINIT. 
 ANNO MCCCCLXXXII. AVGV 
 
 • Sic. 
 
 t These seem to indicate wood-cutting as tlie means of operation to produce the originals 
 —and as it is, in fact, put in force to produce the present (above) effect — but how such a large 
 and intricate map, measuring nearly 21 inches in length, by 16 inches in widtli or breadth, 
 and covered with a profusion of characters, could have been executed upon one block of 
 wood, (for there seems no interruption whatever) may be somewhat difficult to account for. 
 Yet the indentation is liardly deep and sharp enough for the result of an operation by 
 means of metal.
 
 Rome; 1470.] QUINTILIAN. 305 
 
 STI VERO KALENDAS. XVII. 
 IMPRSSVM * VLME PER INGENI 
 OSVM VIRVM LEONARDVM 
 HOL PREFATI OPPIDI CIVIS... 
 
 To add to the pleasure derived from the possession of this fine copy, 
 it remains only to observe, that it is printed upon vellum, in a style of 
 uncommon beauty, and with equally unusual success. A similar copy 
 was in the Gaignat Collection, and there is another similar one in the 
 British Museum. The present copy is handsomely bound in red 
 morocco. 
 
 393. QuiNTiLiANUs. Institutiones. Printed at 
 Rome. 1470. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This rare and magnificent volume is of great 
 importance to the library of the classical collector. In a bibliographi- 
 cal point of view, it is essentially necessary ; as it has given rise to 
 considerable controversy among the ablest and most accurate writers. 
 The question to be determined concerning it, is, whether Ulric Han, 
 or Philip de Lignamine, be the printer of it ? In favour of the sup- 
 position that the former executed it, we have the united authorities of 
 Orlandi, Maittaire, Quirini, Meerman, De Bure, Ernesti, and Laire. 
 In favour of the supposition that P. de Lignamine was the printer, 
 there stands the solitary but powerful testimony of Audiffredi ; a 
 testimony, which Brunet might have examined before he attributed 
 the impression to the press of Ulric Han. 
 
 The points at issue may be compressed within a reasonable compass. 
 Cardinal Campanus was the editor of the work; and Ulric Han is 
 supposed to have printed whatever had received the editorial inspection 
 of the Cardinal, and was published at Rome, during his residence 
 within the city. The same printer is reported to have even teased the 
 Cardinalt by his repeated suggestions of improvement of the text ; 
 
 » Sic. 
 
 t ' Vnde cum Vuldricus quidam Gallicus tunc qui formas in Vrbem librarias nuper 
 intulisset intcrquiescere ilium assiduis emendtUionibus non pcrmitteret. Rcnique litterariam 
 ex magnis difficultatibus inopiaque ad ingeiiteni hubertatem gloriosissinio illo & diuiuo 
 opificio euocaret in ilium locatus carmen hoc edldit :' Fetvius, Vit. Campani: K(m(t, 1495 : 
 fol. 13. rect. prefixed to the works of Campanus of the same date. See the poetical 
 colophon, here alluded to, at p. Ill ante. 
 
 VOL. II. R r
 
 306 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \_Rome ; 1470. 
 
 and that, in consequence, Campanus wrote the poetical coloplion 
 which Ulric Han usually subjoined to his publications. This seems to 
 be the principal evidence in favour of Ulric Han. In support of the 
 conclusion of Audiffredi, there is much that may induce the i-eader to 
 acquiesce in his reasoning, and therefore to assign this edition to the 
 press of Lignamine. First, although Campanus did certainly super- 
 intend the publications of Ulric Han, he did not therefore devote him- 
 self exclusivehj to that vain but ingenious printer. The words of the 
 Cardinal's first biographer (which AudifFredi might have quoted with 
 advantage) are these — ' nemo in tota impressoium Hesperia ea tem- 
 pesfate opus imprimendum suscipere uelle uidebatur cui illius com- 
 mendationis epistola non praeluxisset,' Vit: Cnmpani. (fol. 13). 1495. 
 Hence we may conclude, that other printers, besides Ulric Han, were 
 in the habit of api)lying to Campanus ; and that the Cardinal himself 
 was equally in the habit of gratifying their wishes. ' Why there- 
 fore (as AudifFredi suggests) might not Campanus have assisted 
 a respectable and well bred printer, like P. de Lignamine, as well as 
 an impel tinent and obtrusive one, as U. Han appears to have been? 
 And if U. Han printed this edition, why did he not subjoin, as usual, 
 his poetical colophon ? 
 
 Secondly. There is no book printed with types similar to the pre- 
 sent in which the name of U. Han appears — but there are works (viz. 
 Suetonius, Leonis Sermones, Ambrosius de Officiis, Laurentius Valla, 
 Sixtus IV. De Sanguine Christi. Campharus, de Immortalitate Animse, 
 and the Pongie Lingua of Cavalcha, executed in this character ; and in 
 the iuo latter of which, the name of P. de Lignamine is inserted as the 
 printer. ' Which character (continues Audiffiedi) I have seen in all 
 this printer's books up to the year 1481,' &c. In the tliird and last 
 l)lace, the same learned bibliographer tells us, that, in the prefatory 
 epistle of the Pongie Lingua — which epistle S. M. de Blasis first pub- 
 lished entire in the ixth vol. of the OpuscoU di Autori Siciliani — all the 
 foregoing works are noticed by the printer to have been executed by him; 
 and he says, therein, that he has been two years resident at Rome. 
 If so, P. DE Lignamine executed this edition of Quintilian. Let the 
 leader consult the Edit. Rom. p. 46-7; but especially from p. Ill, to 
 to p. 117. W'^e now return to the volume before us. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, here not inelegantly illuminated, we 
 read as follows, without any prefix :
 
 Home; 1470.] QUINTILIAN. 307 
 
 Fflagitasti quottidiano conuitio ut libros quos ad 
 
 Marcellum meu dc institutione oratoria scripseram ; 
 
 iam eniittere inciperem. Nam ipse eos nondum opinabar 
 
 satis maturuisse : quibus componendis ut scis paulo plusq 
 
 kc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 There are 28 lines below : a full page has 35 lines. The books and 
 chapters have no prefixes, and the imj)ression is without numerals, 
 catchwords, and signatures. On the recto of the 277th leaf, wc read the 
 imprint thus — the three latter lines being fac-similes of the original : 
 
 Marci Fabii Quintiliani institutionum oratoriarum ad 
 Victorium Marcellum liber, xii. et ultimus explicit. 
 
 Ahfoluhxs Rom^ in uia pape prope fancl:umMarcum . 
 Anno falutis . M . CCCC . Lxx . die uero tertia menfis 
 Augufti. Paulo Veneto papa.ii.florentcanno eius . vi - 
 
 The reverse is blank. Then ensues the epistolary address of Campanus 
 to Cardinal Piccolomini ;* terminating on the top of the recto of the 
 second leaf. Beneath begins the index, with this prefix : 
 
 Sequuntur Rubricp totius operis per ordinem. 
 
 occupying, in the whole, 5 pages — and closing the volume on the recto 
 of the 281st and last leaf. This supplemental part contains, as De Bure 
 justly observes, 4 leaves ; but Fossi describes it more properly as the 
 introductory part. Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 432. 
 
 The reader is, in the last place, presented with a fac-simile of the 
 Greek type in this impression ; of which particular mention has been 
 made in the Inirod. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 183-4. It is taken from 
 the recto of fol, 78. 
 
 eCiSV.ojO|^ oc8vojo[^ocM4>iSvojoti ttoc/ 
 pa^ojO(^ TrccpocicoAO\)0jTOt^. 
 
 * This may be seen in the Bibl. Smith. App. p. lxxxi.
 
 308 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Rofnej 1470. 
 
 Consult the Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iii. n°. 3231 ; Bihl. Paris. n°. 168 ; Cat. 
 de Gaignat, vol. i. p. 391 ; Cat. de la Valliere, vol, ii. n°. 2333 ; Bibl. 
 Harleian, vol. i. n°. 5292 ; and Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n°. 2446. The 
 present magnificent copy, bound in red morocco, was formerly in the 
 Valliere collection ; and was purchased by Count Reviczky for 750 
 livres. 
 
 394. QuiNTiLiANUs. Institutiones. Printed hy 
 Siveynheym and Pannartz, Rome. 14/0. 
 
 Editio Secunda. This is the impression which principally induced 
 Maittaire to write his ' Dissertatio de Antiquis Quintiliani Editionibus' — 
 subjoined to the first edition of the Annal. Typog. A. D. 1719, and 
 containing 32 pages. Burman, on the authority of La Caille's wretched 
 work, entitled Histoire de L' Imprimerie, 1689, 4to. had given prece- 
 dence to a supposed earlier edition of 1468, executed by Ulric Han; 
 and had observed upon the silence or ignorance of Maittaire respecting 
 it. This called forth the dissertation abovementioned, from Maittaire ; 
 in the commencement of which the author pays an unnecessary com- 
 pliment to La Caille, whose opinion he was obliged to combat, and 
 with success. The preface of the Bishop of Aleria, in the present 
 edition, is incontestably decisive of an anterior impression: — 'propterea 
 quod ab homine ordinis nostri excellenti ante traditus erat [Quin- 
 tilianus] alteri talium opificum officinae imprimendus, cuius etiam 
 Epistolam in volumine nostro transtulimus.' See also the pertinent 
 obser\ations of Freytag, in his Adpar. Litterar. vol. iii. p. 70, 71. But 
 we may now introduce the volume itself to the reader's attention. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf is the editorial epistle of the Bishop 
 of Aleria, to Pope Paul IL: dated thus — Anno dominici natalis 
 M.CCCCLXX. Pont, uero tui Anno Septimo.'* This is immediately 
 succeeded by the epistle of Campanus, as in the preceding impression, 
 which is followed by a register, or index (as before,) of the heads of 
 the several chapters in each book. This index ends on the recto of the 
 4th leaf. The reverse of the leaf is blank. On the recto of the 5th leaf, 
 (elegantly illuminated) we read the prefix to Quintilian's proheme, thus : 
 
 This epistle is inserted entire, with much other valuable matter relating to the above 
 Impression of Quintilian, in Qulrini : De Optimor.Scriptor. Edit. p. 185, &c. aud, as Audil- 
 fredi observes, ia Capperonier's edition of the Institutions, 1725. p. xxxi.
 
 Fenice; 1471.] QUINTILIAN. 303 
 
 M. Fabius Quintilianus Victorio Marrello Salutem. 
 
 Beginning ' Efflagitasti,' &c. and having 33 lines beneath. The pro- 
 heme begins thus : 
 
 M. Fabii. Quintiliani Itistitutioiiu oratoriaru ad 
 Victorium Marcellum. Liber primus Prefatio. 
 
 Ost impetratam studiis meis quiete : quam per 
 uiginti annos erudiedis iuuenibus impendera : 
 cum a me quldam familiariter postularent : ut 
 aliquid de ratione dicedi componere : diu sum 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 38 lines ; and the volume contains, according to the 
 pencil-numerals of this copy, 238 leaves. On the reverse of the last 
 leaf, we read the six colophonic verses as at p. 113 ante, with the two 
 following subjoined : 
 
 Petrus cum fratre Francisco maximus ambo 
 Huic operi aptatam contribucre domum. 
 
 This edition is of rare occurrence : consult the various authorities 
 noticed in the Tntrod. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 184. The present may 
 be numbered among the finest copies of it in existence. It is bound 
 in blue morocco. 
 
 395. Quintilianus. Institutiones. Printed 
 by lenson. T^enice. 1471. Folio. 
 
 Of less rarity, and probably of less intrinsic value, than either of the 
 preceding impressions — but much superior in typographical elegance, 
 is the edition now under description. Leonicenus, the editor of it, does 
 not inform us what authorities he followed in its compilation ; and 
 although incorrect, it has some peculiar and good readings which have 
 been neglected by subsequent editors. Such is the opinion of Ernesti, 
 in the Fabric. Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 2G7. Spalding, the recent editor of 
 the Institutions, seems to assent to Ernesti ; Edit. 1798, pref. p. lv. 
 The collector will therefore see the necessity of securing this beautifid 
 production of the early Venetian press.
 
 310 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renice ; 1471. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf commences the address of Omnibonus 
 Leonicenus : in which is the following testimony relating to the skill 
 of the printer : — although Jenson is loosely, and incorrectly called ' the 
 inventor of the art.' — (This testimony has escaped even Sardini.) 
 
 ' Accedebat iustas preces magistii Nicolai Ienson Gallici 
 alterius (ut iiere dica) Djedali : qui librariae artis mira- 
 bilis inuentor : non ut scribantur calamo libri : sed ueluti 
 gema imprimaiitur : ac prope sigillo primus omnium 
 iiigeniose niostrauit. Vt huic uiro (^ de re litteraria tarn 
 bene meruerit : nemo sit qui non fauere sumopere debeat. 
 Idcirco n5 difficulter impetrauit : ut no hoc solum opus : 
 uerum etia utranque Ciceronis arte corrigerem.' &:c. 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf the matter continues as in the two 
 previous impressions ; but the detached heads ai'e blended together, 
 and the word ' proemium' only is prefixed to the passage which has 
 been last extracted from the edition of Sweynheyra and Pannartz. 
 There are no printed Greek passages, as in the Tortellius of the same 
 date ; and as Maittaire and Fossi observe, there is an omission of an 
 entire line in the first page of the 6th chapter of the 6th book. Like 
 the previous editions, it is without signatures, numerals, and catch- 
 words. A full page has 39 lines ; and the mode of setting up of the 
 page is in a broader and fuller form than is usual in Jenson's publica- 
 tions. On the reverse of the 209th leaf, after 21 lines of text, and 2 
 of subscription, we read this pompous colophon : 
 
 QVINTILIANVM ELOQVENTIAE FONTEM AB ERVDL 
 TISSIMO OMNI BONO LEONICENO EMEND AT VM. M. 
 NICOLAVS IENSON GALLICVS VIVENTIBVS POSTE' 
 RISQVE MIRO IMPRESSIT ARTIFICIO. 
 
 ANNIS. M.CCCCLXXI. MENSE MAII DIE. XXI. 
 DEO GRATIAS. 
 
 A blank leaf ensues. Then a table of the chapters, 2 pages and a half, 
 or 2 leaves ; rt verse of the last leaf blank. The titles to the chapters, 
 in the body of the work, are uniformly printed in small or lower-case 
 letter. De Bure notices the vellum copies of this b'-autiful volume 
 which wtxe in the Royal and Gaignat CoUections ; the latter was after-
 
 Milan; 1476.] QUTNTILTAN. 311 
 
 wards in the \'alliere, and is now in the M'Carthy Library. The 
 Harleian, Askew, Crevenna, and Pinelli Collections, each contained a 
 copy upon paper; but probably not of greater beauty and dimensions 
 than is the one here described. Many of the fore edges are rough. 
 It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 396. QuiNTiLiANus. Tnstitutiones. Printed 
 hi/ Zarotus. Milan. 1476. Folio. 
 
 Saxius and Fossi have correctly described this edition. The former 
 notices the lacunce for the insertion of the Greek jjassages, and tlie 
 latter praises ' the round and elegant type' with which it is executed. 
 Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dlxiv. note n ; Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. 
 col. 433. A brief description may suffice. On the recto of a i, it is 
 thus : 
 
 M. FABIVS QVIXTILIANVS VICTORIO MARCELLO. S. 
 
 FFLAGITASTI quottidiano coniiicio ut libros 
 
 quos ad Marcelluni mcum de institutione orato 
 
 ria scripseram : iam emittere inciperem. Nam ipse 
 
 8cc. 8cc. See. 
 
 The proheme, as usual, is below. A full page has 41 lines. The 
 signatures run from a to j, inclusively, in eights : then & and o, each 
 in eight : afterwards ^ with six leaves. On the recto of IjK vj, is the 
 imprint, thus : 
 
 Quintiliani Institutioncs Oiatorias Diligcntcr Emendatas : 
 Antonius Zarothus Parmensis Mediolani Sollcrter Inipressit 
 Anno a natali cliribtiano. l47G. 5. idus lunias Auspice 
 Christo. 
 
 According to the pen-marked numerals of the present copy, there 
 are 20G leaves. A very fair copy in red morocco.
 
 312 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date, 
 
 397- QuiNTiLiANUS. Institutiones. Without 
 Name of Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 Crevenna, in his own catalogue of his library, edit. 1775, vol. iii. 
 p. 56, had erroneously conceived, that this noble impression was exe- 
 cuted with the worn types of Jenson, either by that artist himself, or 
 by his heirs. The compiler of the subsequent catalogue, 1789, vol. iii. 
 p. 53-4, has judiciously omitted this absurd conjecture ; supposing, 
 more rationally, that the edition was printed according to the text of 
 the Venetian one of 1471. The insertion of the Letter of Leonicenus, 
 omitting the passage in which Jenson is described as the first printer, 
 is, as this latter authority observes, corroborative of such conclusion. 
 Seemiller is copious and satisfactory ; drawing the same inference — 
 * it seems to me (says he) probable enough, that, not long after the 
 publication of Jenson's edition, some Venetian printer reprinted it, 
 supplying the Greek passages.' The introduction of Leonicenus's letter 
 (with the omission of the passage just noticed,) strengthens this infe- 
 rence. But (concludes Seemiller) I do not make any positive asser- 
 tion, as I have not collated the respective impressions.' Incunab. Typog. 
 fasc. i. p. 175-6. Fossi might have availed himself of this authority, 
 in the Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 431. In the Bibl. Crevenn. edit. 
 1789, the date of 'about 1476' is assigned to the impression. We will 
 now briefly, but correctly, describe it. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf the table begins, and ends on the 
 reverse of the second. Then a leaf with the recto blank : on the 
 reverse of this 3rd leaf, is the Epistle of Leonicenus, as above described. 
 On the following leaf, a ii, the text of the author commences. A full 
 page has 39 lines. The signatures run from a to z, &, inclusively, in 
 eights : then, A six, B eight, and C six. D has only 3 leaves ; on the 
 reverse of the 3rd of which, we read the subscription, thus : 
 
 M FABII QVINTILIANI ORATORIARVM INSTI 
 TVTIONV^I LIBRI DVODECIMI ET VLTIMI FINIS. 
 
 Seemiller not inaptly describes the character as ' rotunduni, idque 
 plane nitidissimum, ut aeque nitidissimum in nullo libro hactenus de- 
 scripto me reperisse putera.' This is just praise ; for a more readable 
 and pleasant character — between that of Jenson and the larger type of 
 P. de Lignamine — is rarely seen in the productions of an ancient
 
 Jtomej 1475.] QUINTILIAN. 313 
 
 printer. If the first two leaves of the present copy (whicli are 
 clumsily mended) be excepted, it may be fairly said that a larger or 
 a finer copy of it will with difficulty be found. The edges are uncut. 
 In )"ed morocco : Harleian binding. 
 
 398. QuiNTiLiANUs. Declamationes Tres. 
 Printed bi/ Schurener. Rome. 1475. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This is an impression of the utmost rarity. It 
 is briefly described by AudiflFredi. Edit. Rom. p. 175-G, but it appears 
 to have escaped Maittaire, Burman, De Bure, Ernesti, Fossi, Laire, 
 and La Serna Santander. I question whether Panzer or Brunet ever 
 saw a copy of it ; although it is summarily noticed by each of them.* 
 The Three Declamations contained in it (as the bottom of the first 
 page indicates) are, the Gladiator, Sepulchrum Incantatum, and 
 Gemini Languentes. On the reverse of the first leaf we read as 
 follows : 
 
 Domitii Calderini Veronensis Secretarii Apl'ici. 
 Ad Anellum Arcliamonum Equitem Neapolitan urn 
 lureq; Consultum prpstantissimum a Rege Neap. 
 Legatuni ad Pont. Max. 
 
 Domitius Anello Sal't. Ex toto uolule declamationu 
 Fabii Quintiliani : quas tua uoluntate et auctoritate 
 permotus proxima pstate recognoui : h^ tres tumul' 
 tuariis opeiis edit^ fuerunt : ne quom eas hoc anno 
 profitebor: ab auditoribus desydeietur nris. Interea 
 imprimcntur alip omes accuratissime multum ut q^dem 
 spero : kc. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, it begins thus : 
 
 Incipit Gladiator 
 Casus uel Accidens. 
 Bdicare et recusare liceat pauperis et diuitis 
 
 • The Clievalicr d'Elci, in one of bis letters to the late Count Rcviczky, admits that it h 
 ' un des livres des plus rarcs, et plus difficiles a trouver.' 
 VOL. II. S S
 
 314 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice; 1481. 
 
 inimico:^ filii luuenes amici erat: filius diuitis 
 
 Cum in piiatas iiicidisset scripsit patri de re/ 
 
 demptione. Illo niorante profectus pauperis filius. cu 
 
 apud amicurapiratasnoninuenisset quia laniste ueni 
 
 erat : 
 
 Sec. See. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines ; and the volume contains only 24 leaves. 
 On the reverse of the last leaf is this colophon : 
 
 H^ Tres Declamationes Quintiliani Impresse sunt 
 Rome per Magistrum lohannem Schurener de 
 Bopardia. Domitius Calderinus Veroneii emen 
 dauit. Easq; publice professus est Anno lubilei et 
 a Natiuitate domini M CCCCLXXV. Die uero 
 Lune penultima Mensis Octobris. Sedente Sixto 
 Papa Quarto. Anno euis Quinto. 
 
 The present is rather a fine copy of this barbarously printed, but most 
 estimable, volume. It is bound in blue morocco. 
 
 399. QuiNTiLiANus. Declamationes. Printed 
 hy Lucas Venetus. Venice. 1481. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps of XIX Declamations. Neither the present nor 
 the ensuing impression of the Declamations of Quintilian is considered 
 to be rare, or particularly valuable, by De Uurc, vol. iii. p. 183 ; but 
 both will be desirable to the collector, (especially if he have such copies 
 of them as are the present) from the extreme beauty of their typogra- 
 phical execution. On the recto of the first leaf we read the addiess of 
 lacobus Grasolarius to Christofonis de Priolis : towards the conclusion 
 of which, on the reverse of the leaf, it is as follows : 
 
 *■ Id cum nostra 
 cura 8c diligentia imprimendum esset: quoniam multa eru> 
 ditione 8c acri iuditio opus erat : quod extenuitate doctri> 
 ne sentio \ in rac sit exiguum : pro suscepti muneris offitio
 
 renice; 1482.] QUINTILIAN. 315 
 
 antig^s exemplaribus iuspectis sollicitoque studio pei lectis : 
 ne quid uUa ex parte mendosQ esset Geor^io alexandrino 
 uiro doctissimo praeceptori optimo k fidelissiino corrige^ 
 dum remisimus : qui (ut omnia accurate inspicit) solita di> 
 ligentia recognouit. Prodeat igitur in lucera Quintilia^ 
 nus : Sec. 
 
 On the recto of the opposite leaf, after a brief argument, commences 
 the first declamation, with this prefix : 
 
 Pro caeco contra nouercam. 
 
 Signature a has nine leaves : b, eight : c to t are in sixes ; and t has 
 nine leaves. On the recto of t ix, the imprint is thus : 
 
 Quintiliani Summi Rhetoris k. eloquetissimi declamati 
 ones exactissime recognitas Lucas Venetus Dominici. F. 
 ingeniosus artifex diligenter impressit Venetiis anno salu 
 tis. M . CCCC . LXXXI . IIII. nonas augusti 
 
 A full page hsis 35 lines. The register is on the reverse of the last 
 leaf. The typographical execution of this volume is extremely elegant, 
 and the paper of a mellow, pleasing tint. The present is a large and 
 beautiful copy, in russia binding. 
 
 400. QuiNTiLiANUS. Declamationes. Printed 
 by Lucas Venetus. Venice, 1482. Folio. 
 
 This is a reprint of the preceding impression ; * the page being set 
 up in a wider form, and a full page containing 38 lines. The imprint 
 is on the recto of the 87th and last leaf, thus : 
 
 • It is nither singular that a shrewd bibliographer, like the Chevalier d'Eld, should at 
 first have supposed that these editions, bj Lucas Venetus, were printed, with different types. 
 He afterwards retracted thb opinion ; hut when he sa^'s ( in one of his letters to Count 
 Reviczky) that ihe edition of 1482 is ' altogether tlili'ercnt ' from its precursor of 1481, he 
 must be supposed to allude only to typographical arrangement. A* far as I can discover, 
 the text in each is precisely the same.
 
 316 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Parma; 1494. 
 
 Quintiliani Sumi Rlietoris 8c eloquentissimi declaniatoes ex/ 
 actissime recognitas Lucas Venetus Dominici. F. ingeniosus 
 artifex iteK diligenter ipressit Venetiis anno salutis. M. 
 CCCC.LXXXII. Nonis iuniis. 
 
 From the register, beneath, we learn that the signatures, from b to o, 
 inclusively, are in sixes : a having nine leaves. This is a magnificent 
 copy, both in size and condition, of an edition executed in all the luxury 
 of ancient printing. In red-morocco binding. ^ 
 
 401. QuiNTiLiANUS. Declamationes cxxxvii. 
 Printed hy Angelus Ugoletus. Parma. 1494. 
 Folio. 
 
 This edition is of some importance to the collector of early classics ; 
 since it is the first which contains CXXXVII, out of the 388 ' De- 
 clamationes Breviores,' * supposed to have been written by Quintilian. 
 Orlandi and Maittaire are certainly ' in a gross mistake" in supposing 
 that the previous impressions contained a like number of these Decla- 
 mations. Consult AfFo's valuable notice of this edition, in his Tipogrqfia 
 Parmense, p. cii, cm. On the recto of the first leaf, in the middle, is 
 the title, printed in capital letters. On the reverse is the address of 
 Thadaeus Vgoletus ' Georgio Anselmo Nepoti ;' which is rather an 
 interesting one — concluding with a notice of the errors of former im- 
 pressions — ' Correximus etiam nonnuUa librariorum uitia : temporum 
 nequaquam : niulta intacta omissimus : ne tbrte magis deprauaremus. 
 Addidimus declamationum indicem : ut curiosus lector exoptatas 
 facilius inueniat.' An index of one leaf follows : then, on sign, a, 
 begins the first declamation, entitled ' Ex Declamatione cc.lii. The 
 signatures, a to h, are in eights : h to o, in sixes : o, four. On the 
 recto of o iiij, is the following colophon : 
 
 M Fabi Quintiliani Declamatoris : Declamatio 
 nes. CXXXVL Parrnp finiut per Angelum 
 Vgoletum Parmensem : Oljmpiade quingen 
 tesinia sexagesima octaua. qui est annus a salu 
 te Christiana. M.cccc.xciiii. quinto non. lul. Re 
 
 * The number is generally supposed to be 136 ; but there are 137, as counted over. It 
 will be necessary to add, that some of these Declamations are most irregularly numbered.
 
 Without Date.-] QUINTUS CURTIUS. 317 
 
 gnante Illustrissimo loane Galeaz Mediolani 
 Duce Sexto: 8c Inclyto Ludouico Patiuo Gu 
 bernante. 
 
 On the right hand side of this colophon, is the device of the printer, 
 Andreas Ugoletus ; accor.ling to the fac-simile of it in the third volume 
 of this work, Art. ' Pindarus Thebanus.' The register, beneath, 
 shews the order of the signatures. The present is a fine copy, with 
 manyrough fore edges, in red morocco binding ; but an ancient possessor 
 of it has given too many proofs of his grammatical knowledge by a 
 profusion of ms. corrigenda. 
 
 402. Quint U3 Curtius. Printed hy JLaver. 
 Without Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Pkinceps. As the present and subsequent impressions are 
 each without dates, the exact chronological precedence of either cannot 
 perhaps be satisfactorily ascertained ; but, for reasons assigned by De 
 Bure in vol. v, p. 512, — and as Brunet commences his list of the early 
 editions of this author with the present one, — I assign to it the plac^ 
 which it here occupies ; being of opinion that it is chronologically 
 anterior to the ensuing one. On the recto of the first leaf, without 
 any prefix, the text of the historian commences thus : 
 
 NTER hec Alexander ad conducen/ 
 dum ex Peloponesso militem Cleandro cu 
 pecunia misso Ljtie pamphiliisq; rebus co 
 positis ad urbem Celenas exercitum admo/ 
 uit. Media ilia tepestate menia iterfluebat 
 Marsus amnis fabulosis greco:^ carmlbus 
 Ice. Ice. Ice. 
 
 This first page has 30 lines, but a full page contains 32 lines. The 
 impression comprehends 149 leaves. On the reverse of the 149th and 
 last leaf, we read the conclusion of the text, and the imprint, as 
 follow : 
 
 Ceteruni corpus eius a Ptolomeo cui E/ 
 gyptQ cesserat Memphim. Et inde paucis p<^ annis
 
 318 ANCIENT CLASSICS \_TFithout Date, 
 
 Alexandriam translatum est. Omnisq; raemorie Sc 
 nomini honos habetur. 
 
 Finis gestorum Alexandri magni que. Q. Curtius 
 Rufus uir Romanus litteris madauit. Et Popoui** 
 nro tepore correxit. Ac Georgius Lauer impressit. 
 
 Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. p. 387, is unusually brief, but correct. Rossi, 
 p. 66, as referred to by Panzer, vol. ii. p. 525, assigns the date of 
 1470 to the impression. A magnificent copy of this rare and estimable 
 impression was sold at the Crevenna sale for 380 florins ; but a finer 
 copy of it than the present one will with difficulty be found. It forms 
 a worthy companion to the Eutropius of 1471, by the same printer. 
 See p. 27 ante. In blue morocco binding. 
 
 403. Quint us Curtius. Printed hy Vindelin de 
 Spira. Without Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Secunda. De Bure has probably bestowed more pains than 
 were necessary in arguing against the existence of a supposed impres- 
 sion of Vindelin de Spira, with the date subjoined ; Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. V. p. 509-11. One of the reasons assigned by him for the present 
 edition being subsequent to the one printed by Laver, is, that, prefixed 
 to the poetical address of the reader to the printer, byway of colophon, 
 are the words ' reddit in lucem :' meaning, says De Bure, ' mettre de 
 nouveau sous presse, ou remettre au jour ;' — and as Laver is supposed 
 to have printed in the Eusebian monastery, at Rome, in 1470, (see 
 vol. i, p. 194-6) De Bure thought that this was a reprint of the one just 
 described. But may we not conjecture, that the expression ' reddit in 
 lucem' might have alluded to the Jirst printing of the author ? as, when 
 in a state of ms., the historian was, comparatively, in darkness, or little 
 known ? The reader shall determine tor himself. On the recto of the 
 first leaf, and, like the preceding impression, without prefix, the text 
 begins as follows : 
 
 NTER h^c Alexander ad coducedu 
 ex peloponeso niilitem Cleadro cum pe 
 cunia misso: lytic pamphilipq; rebus co/
 
 Milan; 1481.] QUINTUS CURTIUS. 319 
 
 positis : ad urbe celenas cxercitu admo/ 
 
 uit. Media ilia tempestate moenia inter 
 
 8cc. kc. Sec. 
 
 There is great elegance in the setting up of the page ; and a full one 
 contains 32 lines. On the reverse of the 153rd and last leaf, the colo- 
 phon is thus : 
 
 Loquitur lector ad Vindelinum Spircnsem 
 Artificem qui. Q. C. reddit in lucem 
 
 Vindeline meo prius hie rcdditurus in auras 
 Spiritus 8c corpus linquet inane meum. 
 Q' tua nobilitas uirtus : atq; inclita fama : 
 Pectore labatur candide amice ineo 
 
 The reader may consult numerous authorities referred to in the 
 Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 191. The present is a fine and sound 
 copy, and was purchased by Count Reviczky at the La V^aUiere sale for 
 620 livres. It is in old red morocco binding. 
 
 404. QuiNTUs CuRTius. Printed hy Zarotus 
 Milan. 1481. Folio. 
 
 Considering the editions of the alleged dates of 1474 and 1480, to 
 be supposititious, (to which latter the name of Zarotus is given as the 
 printer) I venture to call the present one the thied edition; and to 
 add, that the subsequent impressions of this author, in the XVth cen- 
 tury, are held in little estimation. Q. Curtius seems, indeed, to have 
 been no favourite with our early scholars and printers. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 Q. CVRTII DE REBVS GESTIS ALEXANDRI MA 
 GNI REGIS MACEDONVM LIBER TERTIVS. 
 
 INTER Ha?c Alexander ad conducendum ex 
 
 peloponneso militem Cleandro cum pecunia 
 
 misso : lyciae pamphiliasq; rebus compositis : 
 
 8cc. kc. kc.
 
 820 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [PFithout Date 
 
 A full page has 34 lines. The number of leaves may be gathered from 
 the order of the signatures, which is thus : a to p are in eights, a i being 
 a blank leaf : q has 4 leaves ; on the reverse of the 4th of which, we 
 have the following colophon : 
 
 Hos nouem. Q. Curtii libros de rebus gestis Alexadri Magni 
 
 Regis Macedonu quanaccuratissime recognitos impres 
 
 sit Mediolani Antonius Zarotus opa Sc inipendio 
 
 lobannis legnani. Anno domini. M. CCCC 
 
 LXXXI. die. xxvi. Martii. . 
 
 Whoever reads the particular manner in which Saxius describes this 
 edition, and the confession of his having seen two copies of it, will 
 admit that, from his comparatively superficial description of the sup- 
 posed impression of 1480, De Bure was justified in doubting of the 
 existence of the latter. Brunet has certainly not observed his usual 
 accuracy and order, in making his account of the edition of 1481, very 
 subordinate to that of the fictitious impression of 1480. Hist. Lit. 
 Typog. Mediol. p. dlxxiii. note k ; p. dlxxv. note z : Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. v. p. 514; Manuel du Libraire, vol. i. p. 313. The present is an 
 indifferent copy ; in blue morocco binding. 
 
 405. RuFUS Sextus. Printed hy Ruesinger. 
 TVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is probably the first edition of the author. Laire calls it 
 ' tentamen typographicum rude et informe ;' and supposes it to have 
 been published in 1470. Index Libror. vol. i. p. 189. It is briefly 
 described in the Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 59, n". 2650 : and some reference 
 has been made to it in the preceding volume (p. 269,) of this work. 
 We may be brief in our description. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 the text begins thus : 
 
 b REVEM: FIERI: Claementia 
 
 tua libellura praecepit : parebo li 
 
 bens praeceptis. Quippe quom de 
 
 8cc. kc. See. 
 
 A full page, without intervention of spaces, has 33 lines. The impres-
 
 mthout Date.^ RUFUS SEXTUS 321 
 
 sion contains only 12 leaved. On the recto of the 12th and last, we 
 read as follows : 
 
 Sexti Ruffi ; Viri Cousularis* Valentiano 
 Augusto de historia: Ro : Libellus finit : 
 
 SIXTVS. RVESINGER. 
 
 The present is a desirable copy, in green morocco binding'. 
 
 406. RuFiTs Sextus. Without Name of Printer, 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 Although this edition be printed in the same characters with which 
 the Aurelius Victor (described at p. 269 of the preceding volume,) is 
 executed, and although, in each work, the type resembles that with 
 which Sachsel and Golsch printed the Ammianus, and Sabinus in 
 Juvenalem, of the date of 1474, yet 1 apprehend the present edition 
 to be different from either of those described by AudiflFredi at p. 387 
 of the Edit. Rom. On the recto of the first leaf commences the address 
 of ' Angel ,'s. Tiphernas amplissimo dnoBaptiste d' Vrsinis;' conclud- 
 ing thus : 
 
 cosultu bn existirnabo, Tu uale 8c me ama. 
 
 On the reverse, at top, are the words ANGELVS TIPHERNAS. A 
 table ensues, on the recto of the second leaf : at bottom of which we 
 read as follows : 
 
 SEXTI RVFI uiri Consularis Valenti 
 ano Augusto de histora Ro. libellus Incipit 
 
 Then succeeds, on the reverse, the text as in the extract from the pre- 
 ceding impression. On the recto of the 15th and last leaf, we read 
 this imprint or subscription : 
 
 Sexti Rufi. Viri Consularis Valentiano 
 Augusto de Historia Ro. Libell*) Finit : 
 
 The reverse is blank. A ms. date of 1470 is gratuitously added in the 
 present copy ; which, although cropt, is a very fair one, and bound 
 with great neatness and skill, in green morocco. 
 
 • Sic. 
 
 VOL. II. T t
 
 322 ANCIENT CLASSICS. iTTlthout Date. 
 
 407. RuFUS Sextus. (^Supposed to he Printed hy 
 Florentius de Argentina.^ IVithout Date. 
 Quarto. 
 
 The learned Morelli, in his particular account of this elegantly 
 executed impression, is of opinion that ' it may perhaps be the first 
 EDITION ;' but such opinion appeal's to me to be rather questionable : 
 especially as the date of 1472 is assigned to it, both by Morelli and 
 Panzer, and the inipressicm of Ruesinger is probably as early as 1470. 
 Panzer refers to MUtarelU, col. 407; where, among several editions, 
 the present one appears to be designated as executed ' charactere ele- 
 [ gantissinio et unciali.' That Florentius de Argentina is the printer 
 seems quite certain ; since his name, with similar types, appears to the 
 Oiation of Romanus ' pro Brixiensibus ad Nicolaum Tronum Ducem 
 Veneliarum,' printed in 1472, and to other Opuscula. There is, at 
 first glance, a strong resemblance between these types and those of 
 Adam de Ambergau ; and most of the capital letters appear to be pre- 
 cisely similar. Morelli notices the silence of bibliographers concerning 
 this rare edition. On the recto of the fii'st leaf, we read airfoUows : 
 
 RVFFI . SEXTI VIRI . CONSVLA 
 RIS . RERVM . GESTARVM . P . R 
 . V. AVGVSTO . LIBER . INCIPIT.!. 
 
 REVEM fieri clemetia tu 
 
 a pra^cepit : parebo iibes prae 
 
 ceptis tuis quippe t^um de 
 
 kc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 22 lines. On the reverse of the 20th and last leaf, we 
 read the ensuing subscription : 
 
 Ruffi sexti uiri Consiliarius rerum 
 gestarum. P.R.V. Augusto liber fi. 
 
 Item De aedificatione Venetiarum 
 .s. FINIS .?. 
 
 From the last line of this imprint, the reader may wish to be informed 
 that the opusculum, there noticed, commences on the recto of the 13th
 
 Fenice; 1470.] SALLUST. 323 
 
 leaf, with a })refix in two lines of capital letters, immediately after the 
 subscription denoting the conclusion of Rufus Sextus. It remains 
 only to observe, that De Bure has wholly omitted the notice of this 
 author; and that Brunet is rather lax and brief in his account of 
 the rarer impressions of him. The present copy is bound in calf, with 
 an edition of Donatus in Ovidium, (mentioned at p. 217 ante,) and 
 another of Sedulius ; for which vide [)ost. 
 
 408. Sallustius. Printed hy VindeUn de Spira. 
 Venice. 14/0. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Courtesy requires that we should assign to the 
 present impression the place which it here occupies ; but it is extremely 
 doubtful whether the ensuing one, with the same date subjoined, be 
 not at least of equal antiquity. This elegantly printed volume has 
 been well described by De Biire ; although in a manner not quite so 
 particular as is the ensuing description of it. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read the opening of the History of the Conspiracy of Catiline, 
 (without any prefix) as follows : 
 
 MNIS HOMINES 
 
 Qui sese studet prpstare ceteris 
 
 animalibus stimma ope niti 
 
 decSc ne uita selentio* transeat. 
 
 ueluti pecora : qup natuia jpna 
 
 atq; uentri obedientia fiiixit. 
 
 Sed nostra omnis uis : i animo 
 
 8c corpore sita est. Animi imperio corporis seruitio 
 
 magis utimur. Alterum nobis cum diis : alteiii cu 
 
 See. See. 8cc. 
 
 A fuU page has 30 lines. On the reverse of the 23d leaf, this History 
 terminates with the foUowdng subscription : 
 
 SALVSTII LIBER FINIT PRI/ 
 
 MVS. INCIPIT SECVN/ 
 
 DVS DE BELLO IV/ 
 
 GVRTINO. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 324 ANCIENT CLASSICS, [renice ; 1470. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, the History of the Jugurthine War 
 commences thus ; — without any prefix : 
 
 ALSO. QVERITVR 
 
 De natura sua genus humanum 
 
 quod imbecilla atque eui breuis 
 
 Ice. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 As before, a full page has 30 lines. On the recto of the 47th leaf, from 
 the commencement of this latter History, we read the subjoined 
 colophon : 
 
 .E XPLICIT. M C. C. C. C. L. X.X. 
 
 Q ui cupis ignotum lugurthp noscere letum. 
 T arpeie rupis pulsus ad ima. ruit. 
 
 Q uadringenta dedit formata uolumina crispi 
 
 N unc lector uenetis spirea uindelinus 
 
 E t calamo libros audes spectare notatos 
 
 A ere magis quando littera ducta nitSc 
 
 The reverse is blank. The volimie, in the whole, contains 70 leaves. 
 In the subsequent year (1471) Vindelin de Spira put forth another 
 edition of Sallust — at present wanting in this Collection ; and from 
 the poetical colophon of which, we learn that it is more correct than 
 its precursor. In this second impression, there are the ' Invectives of 
 Sallust and Cicero' — as the ms. memoranda of the late Bishop of Ely 
 inform me. The same respectable authority fui'nishes me with the 
 following remark — ' Utramque recensenti visum est posteriorem non 
 modo meliorem et correctam magis prodiisse, sed et novis lectionibus 
 ex alio quodam Codice adauctam. Dolendum est Editiones Venetas 
 hujus temporis tarn raro epistolis prsefixis ornari, unde posteri discant, 
 quibus hominibus debeantur, et quales curse in eas impensae fuerint.' 
 The reader will find copies of this rare and desirable impression (of 
 which we leai'n, from the colophon, that only 400 copies were printed) 
 in the Bibl. Harleian, vol. iii. n°. 1087; Bibl. Mead. p. 219, n°. 1622; 
 Bibl. Askev. n°. 2998, (Dr. Mead's copy,) and Bihl. Crevenn. vol. iv. n°. 
 6207. See also Panzer, vol. iii. p. 64. The present is a sound and 
 large copy, but the leaves have a brown or soiled appearance. It is in 
 red morocco bindinir.
 
 1470.] SALLUST. 325 
 
 409. Sallustius. Without Name of Printer or 
 Place, 1470. Quarto. 
 
 The late Count Reviczky and the late Bishop of Ely each supply me, 
 from their ms. memoranda, with some materials for a description of 
 this rare and estimable edition. 'I'he Bishop is more cojiious and critical 
 than the Count ; but they both quote the observation of Havercamp, 
 that ' the impression is taken from an excellent MS.:' — and they remark 
 that the same distinguished editor of Sallust had considered it to be 
 ' the most ancient edition extant.' How Panzer, vol. v. p. 392, could 
 have failed to notice it, when copies had been in the Mead and Gai"-nat 
 Collections, is rather extraordinary. See Bill. Mead p. 2iy, n". Icel- 
 and Cat. de Gaignat, vol, ii. n°. '2900. The Gaignat copy appears to 
 have been afterwards in the llover Collection : Bibl. Rover, vol. i. p. .5.5, 
 n°. 243 : 180G. 8vo. But Maittaire had before briefly described it ; 
 and De Bure, without having seen a copy of it, had referred to the 
 description of Maittaire : Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 289, note 2; Bibliogr. 
 Instruct, vol. v. n°. 486" 1. La Serna Santander was also ignorant of its 
 existence, (referring only to Maittaire and to the Gaignat Catalogue ;) 
 and Brunet had evidently never seen it, when he is pleased to say that 
 * the impression is attributed to the press of Vindelin de Spira.' 
 Consult Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. iii. p. 327, n". 1 192 ; and Manuel du 
 Libraire, vol. ii. p. 435. It remains to describe so scarce and valuable 
 an impression, with care and particularity. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 . C. SALVSTII CIIISPI DE CONIVRA/ 
 TIONE CATILINE. PROEMIVM. 
 
 Miies homines q^ sese student prare cpte/ 
 ris animalibus suma ope niti dccet. iie uita 
 silentio transeant ueluti pecora qup natUra 
 prona atq; uentri obedientia finxit. Sed 
 omnis nostra uis in animo et corpora sita est 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This, and every full page, contains 34 lines. On the recto of the 19th 
 leaf, the Conspiracy of Catiline ends nearly midway, with only the word
 
 326 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IWithout Bate, 
 
 FINIS beneath. The reverse is blank. On the recto of the ensuing 
 leaf, the Jurgurthine War commences thus — without any prefix : 
 
 ALSO QVERITVR DE NATVra 
 
 sua genus humanuni : g? imbecilla aetas atq; pui 
 breuis forte potius q uirtute regatur. Nam con 
 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This history contains 36 leaves ; ending on the reverse of the last, with 
 the following subscription and date : 
 
 LAVS . DEO. 
 .M. CCCC. LXX. 
 
 In regard to the printer of this edition, the Bishop says — * Eundem 
 sane characterem in nuUo alio libro me vidisse niemini.' The same 
 authority calls the type : ' character roinanus non inelegans ;' and 
 notices the singular diphthong ae — the circumflex, beneath the e, being 
 inverted in the opposite direction from that as used by V. de Spira. 
 The Bishop further remarks, that the Bipont editors conjecture this- 
 impression to have been superintended by Pomponius Laetus; but 
 Count Reviczky is quite decisive against this conclusion — * Prima et 
 indubitata Pomponii Laeti editio est Romana 4to apud Eucharium 
 Silber alias Franck 1490' — are the words of the latter ; and apparently 
 with sufficient reason. That the volume was put forth at Rome, may 
 be judged from the character of the type : yet Audiffredi has failed to 
 notice it. 
 
 The intrinsic excellence of this impression must compensate for 
 the present rather indifferent copy of it ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 410. Sallustius. Printed hy Gering, Crantz, 
 and Friburger. TVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 This impression is assigned, with great appearance of truth, to the 
 press of the above-mentioned printers ; and is, with equal probability, 
 supposed to have been printed at Paris in the year 1470 — as the 
 poetical colophon or subscription, subjoined to it (and given below) 
 expressly alludes to the war of Lewis XI. against Charles Duke of 
 Burgundy, which took place at the same period. Dotteville, who i»
 
 JVithout Date.'] SALLUST. 327 
 
 remarkably minute and interesting concerning this edition, tells us 
 that ' it must be remembered that this is the second book printed in 
 France.'* But Chevillier is worth consulting, its is also De Bure ; 
 Orig. de I'Imprim. de Paris, p. 36, -44-5; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. 
 n". 4862. They each mention a copy of it upon vellum. We will 
 be particular in our description of it. On the recto of the tirst leaf, 
 the commencement is thus : 
 
 Caii Crispi Saiustii/ de Lucii 
 Catilinai coniuratione liber 
 foeliciter incipit/ 
 
 MNES homines qui sese studet 
 praestare caeteris animalibus/ siima 
 ope niti decet.' ne uitam silentio 
 
 transigant/ ueluti pecora / qup natura prona atq; 
 
 uentri obedientia finxit. Sed nostra omnis uis 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A fiill page contains 23 lines. On the recto of fol. 35, the Conspiracy 
 of Catiline concludes, with the following subscription : 
 
 C. Crispi Saiustii de coniuratione 
 Catilinae liber/ foeliciter finit/ 
 
 The reverse is blank ; and an entire blank leaf ensues. On the recto 
 of the ensuing leaf, the Jugurthine War commences, with this prefix : 
 
 Caii Crispi Saiustii/ de bello lu/ 
 gurlhse contra populum Romanum 
 liber/ foeliciter incipit/ 
 
 • Edit. Sallust. Lat. et Gall. Rqucti, 1781, 8vo. fourtli edition. The reader will be 
 pleased to remember that tliere was a subsdjuent Parisian edition of Sallust, printed about 
 the year 1478 (but without date) by Gcring aionc, and of which Beroaldus is considered to 
 have been the editor. This is particularly noticed by Dotteville ; and seems to be the same 
 as that which is described in Laire's Index Libror. vol. i. p. 180, no. 177 : and the con- 
 clusion of De Bure's article, no. 4862. This latter edition is fuller than the above out : 
 containing, probably, the ' Invectives.'
 
 328 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fFifhoiit Date. 
 
 This history contains 69 leaves. On the recto of the last leaf — being 
 tlie 105th from the beginning of the volume — after the distich upon the 
 death of Jugurtha, we read the verses alluded to at the commence- 
 ment of our description ; and which, for the reason before given, affix 
 the year 1470 as the date of the publication. 
 
 N unc parat arma uirosq; siP rex maximus orbis.' 
 
 H ostibus antiquis exitium minitans. 
 N unc igitur belle studeas gens pariseorum.' 
 
 C ui martis quondam gloria magna fuit. 
 E xemplo tibi sint nunc fortia facta uirorum.' 
 
 Q ua; digne raemorat Crispus in hoc opere. 
 A rmigerisq; tuis alemannos adnumeres.' qui 
 
 H OS pressere libros arma futura tibi/ 
 
 Brunet is sufficiently particular. Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii, p. 435-6. 
 The present is a fine sound copy, in blue morocco binding. 
 
 411. Sallustius. Printed hy Peter Ccesaris and 
 John Stoll. Without Place or Date. Quarto. 
 
 We have hitherto stood upon pretty firm ground in our chronolo- 
 gical conclusions respecting the early editions of Sallust ; but the 
 present, and the two succeeding articles, seem to baffle that care and 
 accuracy which are requisite in forming an exact opinion concei'ning 
 the dates of their impressions. All that can be done, will be to come 
 within certain degrees of probability. Nor can it be precisely deter- 
 mined which of these three numbers should have the precedence. The 
 reader will not, therefore, exercise any great degree of critical severity, 
 if he should disapprove of the present arrangement. We will first 
 describe the edition under consideration. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 Caii Crispi Salustii/ de Lucii 
 Catiline coniuratione liber 
 feliciter incipit/ 
 
 MNIS homines qui sese student 
 prestare ceteris animalibus/ summa
 
 TVithout Date.] SALLUST. 329 
 
 ope niti decet/ ne uitam sileiitio tran> 
 sigant/ uelutipecora/ que natura pro^ 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are 16 lines below : — a full page has 24 lines. On the reverse 
 of the 31st leat^ the history of the Consjnracy of Catiline concludes: 
 beneath which, after ' Finit feliciter,' we read tlie following verses : 
 
 Se quisl'l cupiat magnas res nosccre gestas 
 
 Vnde uiris uirtus maior inesse solet. 
 Nunc opus hoc crispi terse pressum sibi querat/ 
 
 Quo noua uis lucet artis/ et ingenii. 
 Discet enim prise is que gloria/ quata potestas 
 
 Romulidis fueril/ dum probitate nitent. 
 Et contra (uitiis ipsa uirtute subacta) 
 
 Itur ut in facinus. et labat omne decus; 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, the History of the Jugurthine War 
 commences : 
 
 Caii Crispi Salustii/ de bello Ju-- 
 
 gurthe contra populum romanum 
 
 liber/ feliciter incipit/ 
 
 Also querit de natura sua genus hu 
 manu / rj) imbecilla/ atq; eui breuis/ 
 forte potius/ q uirtute regatur. Na^ 
 contra reputando / neq; mains aliud 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This part of the volume contains 61 leaves ; concluding on the reverse 
 of fol. 61. Beneath, we read a distich upon the death of Jurgurtha, 
 followed by eight verses ; of which eight, the two latter only appear 
 deserving of quotation : 
 
 Abste percupit id preclara lutecia / que sic 
 Hos prope diuina perpolit arte libros/ 
 
 II. u u 
 
 VOL. II.
 
 330 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Bate. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf we read this prefix, followed by the 
 matter to which it relates : 
 
 Caii Crispi Salustii in. M. 
 Tulliutn inuectiuaincipit/ 
 
 The reply to this invective begins on the 5th page from this prefix ; 
 and three leaves beyond, commences the ' sharp invective' of Cicero 
 against Lucius Catiline — beginning ' [N]on est amplius tempus' &c. 
 The reply of Catiline follows on the 4th page from the commencement 
 of the preceding : concluding the volume on the reverse of fol. 101, 
 from the beginning, thus : 
 
 Inuectiuarum Finis/ 
 
 It is pretty certain that, with the exception of the present work, and 
 Laire's Index. Libror. vol. i. p. 179-180, this rare and curious impression 
 will be found described in no publication. Panzer, La Senaa Santander, 
 and Brunet, rely upon Laire exclusively ; who conceives the volume 
 to have been executed in 1473. This involves in it a point concern- 
 ing the printers, which it may be necessary brieflj- to state. Chevillier 
 tells us that CjEsaris and Stol printed together at Paris, and that 
 they learnt the craft of printing under Gering. The colophon of the 
 Manipulus Curatorum of 1473, proves Peter Caesaris to have been a 
 * Master of Arts,' and ' a skilful workman ;' and the colophon to the 
 Speculum Fitce Humance of Zamora, without date, (of which latter 
 Chevillier saw a copy) also proves that the above artists printed in 
 conjunction. See L'Orig. de L'Imprm. de Paris, p. 55-6. I have 
 consulted Naude's Additions a I'Histoire de Louis XI. (in the Monumenta 
 Typographica of Woifius, vol. i. p. 486 — 536,) as referred to by 
 Chevillier, but find nothing in them deserving of quotation respecting 
 the printers of this volume. La Serna Santander, in his first and third 
 volumes, is sufficiently superficial. In regard to the type, it is essentially 
 diflFerent — as the fac-siraile from the Seneca's Epistles of 1475: vide 
 post, will clearly prove — fiom that with which Gering, Crantz, and 
 Friburger were in the habit of using: see p. 221 ante. Nor do some 
 of the capital letters quite correspond with those in the subsequent fac- 
 simile here referred to ; but most of them are similar, and the lower- 
 case letter is precisely of the same character ; which is much superior 
 to that adopted by the Master of these printers. Why Caesaris and 
 Stol did not subjoin a date to the edition, is a little luiaccountable, as
 
 mthoiit Date.'] SALLUST. 331 
 
 they usually introduced dates. In the absence of positive testimony, 
 it would be hazardous to allow the present impression a more ancient 
 date than that of 1473. 
 
 This is a desirable copy, in green morocco binding. 
 
 412. Sallustius. TVithout Place or Date ; hut 
 supposed to have been executed hy Adam Rot. 
 Folio. 
 
 Maittaire is the first, and apparently the only bibliographer, who has 
 made mention of this edition; which is gratuitously assigned by him 
 to the press of one Adam Rot; or, what is equally absurd, to the 
 press of Arnold (Paimartz) of Rome — the latter inference being 
 warranted, in his opinion, by the two letters, A. R., with which the 
 volume concludes. See t\ie.Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 761, note 1. De Bure, 
 AudifiFredi, and Bnmet, rely upon Maittaire. In respect to the volume 
 being executed in the press of Adam Rot, it is extremely doubtful 
 whether any printer, of this name, ever existed but in the imagination. 
 of Maittaire — as no book has yet been discovered with such name sub- 
 joined to it. Those who confound Adam, or Adam de Ambergau, (for 
 they are one and the same person : see vol. i. p. 357-8,) with the 
 printer here designated, under the initials A. R., are unquestionably in 
 error; as the respective types of these artists are wholly dissimilar. 
 Nor is there any similarity between these types and those of Arnold 
 Pannartz. On the contrary, if we look for something like a resem- 
 blance to the present printing, it must be in the Florus, Horace, and 
 Lucan, noticed at pp. 30, 62, 139, ante: but there is no very strong 
 similarity between them — -as the present are less round, more feeble, 
 and more irregularly executed. On the recto of the first leaf, without 
 prefix, v,e read as follows ; 
 
 Mnis homines qui student sese prestare 
 
 ceteris animalibus/ suma ope niti decet. 
 
 kc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 This, and every full page, contains 34 lines. There are no titles to the 
 chapters ; and on the recto of fol. '20, the Conspiracy of Catiline concludes 
 at bottom, thus : 
 
 : In catelinam * salustius finit : 
 
 • Sic.
 
 332 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The Jurgurthine War commences on the recto 
 of the following leaf, without prefix ; and concludes thus, on the recto 
 of the 38th leaf from the beginning of it : 
 
 uirtuti sue piona esse cum gallis pro salute non gloria 
 certare. Sed postc'l bellum in numidia confectum et iu:i 
 gurtham Romam uinctum adduci nunciatum est. Ma^ 
 rius consul absens factus est et ei decreta prouitia gal 
 lia. Isq; in kalendis lanuarii magna gloria consul trium 
 phauit. Et ea tepestate spes atq; opes ciuitatis in illo si 
 te sunt. » 
 
 In lugurthara Salustius Finit Feliciter : 
 
 A.;. R. :. 
 
 In the whole, 58 leaves. The important question is, for what, or for 
 whom, do these enigmatical initial letters stand ? The present is a large 
 and beautiful copy of this exceedingly rare and precious edition ; ele- 
 gantly bound in red morocco. 
 
 413. Sallustius. TVithout Name of Printer ^ 
 Place, or Date ; hut att^^ihuted to the Press of 
 Martin Flach of Strasbourg. Folio. 
 
 This is the impression of which there will be found a tolerable fac- 
 simile of the type, in the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. iii. p. 143 ; and which 
 type the Abbe Rive had erroneously attributed to the press of John 
 Zainer of Ulm. De Bure properly confessed his ignorance of any im- 
 pression of the Zainers which bore a similitude to the present one ; 
 and if the reader will examine vol. i. p. 241, and p. 201 of the present 
 volume, (where there are fac-similes of the types of John and Gunther 
 Zainei) he will be disposed to acquiesce in the conclusion tacitly drawn 
 by De Bure, in opposition to the authority of Rive. The subjoined fac- 
 simile of the type of this very impression may also corroborate such 
 conclusion. Both Denis and Laire rest satisfied with the authority of 
 the Valliere Catalogue: see Suppl. p. 656, n''. 5818; Index Libror. 
 vol. i. p. 181. The recto of the first leaf supplies us with the com-
 
 TFithoiit Date.'] SALLUST. 333 
 
 mencement of the text, according to the ensuing fac-simile wliich 
 
 may be compared with the one just referred to. 
 
 Ca? Cx\^\ '^alullij /be Iticij Catlfi 
 Tie cotiiumtionc libctf elicit' rndpit 
 
 AVni s l^ommcs qiufcfc fl-ubcnt j)2cn:atc "cc 
 tctris amtnaltbg/fama Oj^cniti bccct* nc vita 
 filcMtio trafigat/^Jcluti pcco^a rqwc natura 
 
 A full page has 34 lines. On the reverse of the 20th leaf, the conclu- 
 sion of the Conspiracy of Catiiiue is thu!> : 
 
 €. CrijSfpi if>alujaftii tie coniuratoBc 
 <Catiline Mhtt itWdttt ffnit : ♦ 
 
 The Jugurthine War follows on the recto of the ensuing leaf, and 
 concludes on the reverse of the 60th and last leaf, from the beginning 
 of the volume, thus :* 
 
 €. CrijSfpi c^g^alujeftij tic IicHo %\\ 
 gurtjjino Mhtt fdicitcr ffnit. 
 SDc niortc 5!uffurtSe tii^ticon* 
 
 €arpeie mpijef' tru^uiaf ati inia twiu 
 
 Like each of the editions of Sallust hitherto described, the present one 
 is without signatures, numerals, and catchwords. The date both of 
 this and of the preceding edition, is extremely doubtful : probably the; 
 present one may not be later than 1472 or 1473 ; and its precursor at 
 least two years more ancient. But these are ujere conjectures — 
 which the reader is at liberty to combat, or adopt, as he thinks proper. 
 Suffice it only to say, that the six editions of the historian here described 
 will probably not be found in two other libraries in Europe. The pre- 
 sent is a very desirable copy, and is in old red morocco binding. 
 
 * There is also a fac-simile of this conclusion of the text of the Jugurthine War, in th« 
 Valliere Catalogue, but not more successful than the one before-mentioned.
 
 334 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice; 1474. 
 
 414. Sallustius. Printed hy John de Colonia, &c. 
 Venice. 1474. Folio. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf presents us with the commencement of 
 the text, without any prefix, according to the ensuing extract : 
 
 MNIS HOMINES Qui 
 
 sese studet prpstare ceteris animalibo : 
 
 siima ope niti decet ne vitam siletio 
 
 o traseat. tjeluti pecora : qup iiatura ^na 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. There are catchwords, but no signatures. 
 In regard to the type, it is evidently that which was used by Vindelin 
 de Spira ; if we except the v at the commencement of a word, and the 
 ij at the conclusion of one — which, singularly enough, are decidedly 
 Gothic characters. On the reverse of the 21st leaf, the Conspiracy of 
 Catiline, ends, with the word tsKoc. Tlie Jugurthine fVar commences 
 on the recto of the following leaf, without prefix : and concludes on the 
 reverse of fol. 63. Beneath the word FINIS, we read the following 
 colophon ; affording a pleasing testimony of the harmony and good 
 understanding with which these ancient printers carried on their 
 business. 
 
 Haec Crispi Salustjj opera q optime emendata : Vene 
 tijs fuere impressa : ductu 8c impensa. lohanis Colonic 
 agripinesis : necnon lohanis manthcn de gherretshem : 
 qui tjna fideliter uiuunt Anno a natali christi. M.cccc. 
 Ixxiijj. die. xxiij. Martjj 
 
 Next ensue, a Life of Saltiest and the Invectives of Sallust, Cicero, and 
 Catiline; but the replies of Cicero and Catiline are, in this impression, 
 much more copious than in Stol's edition ; see p. 330 ante. A brief 
 list of these oratorical opuscula wiU be found at the end of Cicero's 
 reply to Sallust. The present is a large but soiled copy, with elegant 
 illuminations in bistre. It is bound in red morocco.
 
 rnthout Date.] SALLUST. 335 
 
 415. SALLUSTiirs. Printed hy Bernardiniis Bena- 
 lius. Venwe. JVithout Date. Folio. 
 
 The recto oF the first leaf of this impression informs us that the 
 volume contains the prefitory epistle of Poiuponiui La;tus to Au^us- 
 tinus ]Maphaeus, llie history of the Conspiracy of Catiline, with the 
 Commentary of Laurentius Valla, the Declamation of Fortius Latro 
 against Catiline, the .Tugurthine War, the Various Orations of ."^allust, 
 taken from historical fragments, and the Life of Sallust. The editor 
 of the impression was Pomponius La;tus. The register, on the recto 
 of the last leaf, informs us that the signatures a, b, c, e, and f, are in 
 sixes ; and that d and g are in eights. The colophon, just above the 
 register, is thus : 
 
 Laus Omnipotenti Deo. 
 
 Impressum Venetiis per Bernaidiiuim Benalium. 
 
 The present is an indiflFerent copy, in calf binding. The date of the 
 edition seems to be quite at the close of the X\'th century ; as the 
 printer of it exercised his art chiefly at this period. 
 
 416. Sallustius. TVithout Name of Printer, 
 Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf commences the life of Sallust ; which 
 occupies about a page and a half. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, 
 a z, commences the text of the Catiline Conspiracy. On the reverse 
 of c z, begins the .Tugurthine War ; which latter terminates f)n the 
 reverse of g 4 ; witli a distich from Martial in praise of the historian. 
 On the I'ecto of the ensuing leaf, begins the Invective of Sallust 
 against Cicero. The usual Reply of Cicero terminates the volume on 
 the recto of g viij, thus : 
 
 FINIS. 
 EXPLICIT INVECTIVA. M. T. C. IN SALVSTIVM. 
 
 The signatures run in eights. There is something of the appearance 
 of the Milan press in the type of this edition. An indifferent copy, in 
 calf binding.
 
 336- ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without. Date. 
 
 417- Sedulius. TVithout Name of Printer, (hut 
 evidently hy Ketelaer^ Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Although we may not subscribe to the (ms.) 
 oi)inion of Count Reviczky, that this pubhcation appeared as early as 
 the year 1473, yet it is manifest that it is the earliest impression extant ; 
 and so scarce, that it has escaped the researches of Maittaire, Fabricius, 
 De Bare, Harles, Panzer, La Serna Santander, and Brunet. Before 
 we give a bibliographical description of this rare and curious volume, 
 it may be worth while to refer the reader to the Bibl. Med. et Inf. ^tat. 
 vol. vi. p. 438-442 ; where- Fabricius has given a careful account of the 
 writings of Sedulius, and which account has been abridged by Harles 
 in his Brevior Notit. Lit. Rom. p. 743-746. Lips. 1789, 8vo. As far 
 as T can discover, Ernesti has excluded Sedulius from his edition of the 
 Bibl. Led. of Fabricius. V/e now come to the impression before us. 
 On the recto of the first leaf, at top, it begins as follows : 
 
 %\\ note jirijef et filij ti jefpujef ^ct incipit iOfctiuU^ in iilira 
 
 p ^CjSfcljale^ qcuci5 tiapc^ coiiiua teqrijsf 
 SDignat'^ nn^g? accubitare cljori^ 
 J)one ^upercilitt ^i tt cognoaciisf arnica 
 l^on tiucra^ op^ Jjic cotiiciie? artiftci^ 
 ,^5 motJicc content"^ aubi ^olf pnia mm^t 
 
 Ice. Ice. Ice. 
 
 Detached poetical pieces — entitled Iprefacio SeUuIij, and auctor iihix in 
 lautiem mi conDitoris, ensue. At the bottom of the reverse of the second 
 leaf, we read 
 
 €rpticit ptefacio 
 
 3!ncipjut \3cr0Uief ^etiulij in Mhtxx eua0cUo2f< 
 
 2Dc enccl) tra^lato 
 "^m"^ all Ui0fq5 cjjao^ xwttiti^ ijiitacili'? enocft 
 9 Si^ulta per inumero^ ia ^e^ecula cottgit ano^e?
 
 fVithout Date.] SEDULIUS, 837 
 
 datura gtientc motiuni que ucrc crcanbi 
 Zttta tuUt gcnittt jscli mat^ mirat aticmptuni 
 
 A full page, without any break or space, (which rarely occurs) con- 
 tains 30 lines or verses. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor 
 catchwords. On the reverse of the 36th and last leaf, we read this 
 subscription : 
 
 Explicit ^ctiuUu.sf in lihm eaangcUoif 
 
 The present is a large and fine copy of this very desirable impression. 
 It is in calf binding, with green morocco back. 
 
 418. Sedulius. Without Name of Printer, 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is the impression, for evidence of the existence of a copy of which 
 both Denis and Panzer refer to the Bibl. Pinell, vol. ii. p. 370, n°. 4941. 
 On the recto of the first leaf we read a prefix, in the Gothic and Roman 
 types, informing us that the volume contains the four books of the 
 Poem upon Easter, and two of the Hymns, &c. On the reverse of the 
 first leaf we read the prologue, or preliminary address of Sedulius — 
 * sancto ac beatissimo Patri Macedonio :' this address occupies 3 ])ages 
 and a half. On the recto of the third leaf, 3 iii, commence the verses 
 as just extracted (see p. 336.) The signatures, from 3 to jF, run in 
 sixes, with the exception of dE, which has only four leaves. The im- 
 pression concludes with a * Carmen lambicum Dunetrum Monocolos 
 Tetrastrophos de Vita Christi,' &c. which is not in the previous edition. 
 The entire volume is in the Gothic letter. 
 
 With this copy is bound a fragment of Sedulius, printed in the 
 Roman letter, with 25 lines in a full page, and having marginal refer- 
 ences in print. It commences with the Institution of the Sacrament. 
 
 e Tiam festa die aderat : cu pascha solebat 
 Occidi domibo pariter cum quisq; iubet. 
 
 The present is an indifferent copy ; in calf binding. 
 
 VOL. II.
 
 338 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Op. Mor. 1475. 
 
 419. Seneca. Opera Moralia. Epistol^. 
 Printed hy Moravus. Naples. 1475. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The Moral Works and the Epistles of Seneca 
 were published by different printers, in separate publications, during 
 the same year; namely, in 1475. Count Reviczky thovight that, as 
 the edition of the Epistles by Pannartz was published in February 1475, 
 it should claim chronological precedence ; but for the reasons assigned 
 at p. 200 ante, the very opposite inference must be drawn. The 
 Parisian impression of the Epistles, of 1475, does not specify the month 
 in the colophon ; and therefore it may not be any violation of chrono- 
 logical oi'der to give precedency to the present production. The 
 rarity and worth of this first impression of the entire Moral Works 
 and Epistles of Seneca, are acknowledged to be considerable. De 
 Bure, vol. ii. p. 170, has taken rather unusual pains in his description 
 of the order of the sevei'al pieces contained in it, but he is not literally 
 exact in his extracts. The ensuing will be found equally copious and 
 somewhat more particular. In regard to the omission of the centenary 
 numbers, in the date of this and of some other copies, it has been 
 before shewn,* that this is not a singular instance of such omission. 
 We proceed to a minute and accurate description of this magnificent 
 and scarce impression. 
 
 On the recto of the fifst leaf, the treatise ' de moribus' commences, 
 with the prefix in one line and a half, lower-case letter ; this treatise 
 occupies 2 pages and a half. Then the treatise ' de formula honeste 
 uitoe,' 2 leaves. Next, ' de remediis fortuitorum,' 2 leaves, or rather 3 
 pages. The 'liber declamationum' follows; a full page of which has 
 46 lines. The Declamations terminate at the bottom of the recto of the 
 24th leaf from that upon which they begin — and this bring us to the 
 29th folio from the commencement of the volume. On the reverse of 
 this 29th leaf, begins the treatise de dementia : which occupies the 7 
 following leaves. The treatise ' de benefitiis,' has this prefix : 
 
 Lucii Annei Senecae ad Ebrutium liberalem. Incipit 
 liber primus de benefitiis. 
 
 This treatise has 40 leaves : on the reverse of the 40th, we read the 
 subscription : 
 
 • See p. 170 ante.
 
 Op. J/or.; 1475.] SENECA. 33J) 
 
 Liicii Annei Senecac De beneficiis Explicit Liber Vltinius. 
 
 Next follows the tract De Ira, 18 leaves and a half; followed by ' de 
 mundi gubernatione diuina prouidentia,' 3 leaves. Next, ' De uita beata,' 
 7 leaves and a half: succeeded by * de consolatione,' 12 leaves and a 
 half. The recto of the ensuing leaf gives us this prefix : 
 
 Lutii Annei Senecae ad Serenum incipit liber primus 
 de tranquillitate «iita\ 
 
 This treatise, and the one ' quomodo insapientem non cadit iniuria,' 
 occupy 1 1 leaves. The latter is followed by ' de breuitate uitic,' 10 
 leaves : having, on the reverse of the 10th, 
 
 Explicit liber de breuitate uitae ad Paulinum. 
 
 The ' prouerbia' immediately follow: 4 leaves. On the recto of the 
 4th of which, after ' Exj)liciunt prouerbia Senecae,' we read the colo- 
 phon and subscription as follow : 
 
 Sub domino Blasio Romero monacho Populeti phi/ 
 losopho ac theologo celebri est impressum hoc opus 
 in ciuitate Neapolis Anno domini : M. Ixxiiiii. Diuo 
 Ferdinando regnante. 
 
 Gabrielis Carchani mediolanensis in artificem carmen: 
 
 lam poene abstulerat Senecae monumeta uetusta 
 
 VIxq; erat haec uUus cui bene nota forent 
 
 Tam bona : sed docti Mathise scripta moraui 
 
 Artificis : non est passa perire manus 
 
 Huic igitur meritas grates studiosa iuucntus 
 
 Pro tam sublimi munere semper agas 
 
 The reverse of this leaf presents us with a table of the gatherings, in 
 tens, and a list of the works, which latter have been specifically detailed. 
 The Epistles of Seneca succeed ; having the coriespondence with the 
 Apostle Paul, prefixed, together with a list of the remaining Epistles. 
 The first of the regular Epistles of Seneca commences on the recto of 
 the 5th leaf from the beginning of this prefatory matter, and the Epbtles 
 end on the reverse of the 111th leaf, from the hame beginning. At 
 bottom : 
 
 Explicit liber epistolarum Senecae.
 
 340 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Op. Mor.; 1478-90. 
 
 A leaf ensues ; half of the recto of which is occupied by a register of 
 the folios. The reverse is blank. This edition exhibits the grandest 
 specimen of the Roman type of Moravus with which I am acquainted : 
 and the present copy of it is equally ample and beautiful. It is in 
 red morocco binding. 
 
 420. Seneca. Opera Moralia. Epistol^. 
 Printed hy Bernardus de Colonia. Treviso. 
 1478. Folio. 
 
 This edition seems to be only a reprint of the previous impres- 
 sion. The order of the several pieces is precisely similar. There aie 
 two sets of signatures, a to j and <J ; in eights, a marked as ten, but 
 containing only 9. Then aa and bb, each 8 leaves. On the recto of 
 bb vij, the Epistles terminate ; and a subjoined table gives an account 
 of the contents of the volume. Beneath, we read this imprint : 
 
 3 niprcCsuni €aniii^n pet 25cniartium tt Colonia 
 3tniio bomini. ^xttclxx^iiy. 
 
 A ms. note beneath, informs us that this copy is collated and complete. 
 ' Collatlonne et complet. Le Capt"' Michiels.' The type is a narrow 
 and tall Gothic letter, closely printed. Braun is rather copious res- 
 pecting this edition. His quotation from Bauer, that it is ' summae 
 raritatis, et splendidissima' is hardly worth attention. See Notit. Hist. 
 Lit. vol. i. p. 200. The present copy is in old red-morocco binding. 
 From the Crevenna Collection. 
 
 421. Seneca. Opera Moralia. Epistol^. 
 Printed hy Pernardinus de Cremona. T^enice. 
 1490. Folio. 
 
 This impression seems to be only a reprint of its precursors. We 
 may be brief therefore in our description of it. The title, ' SENECA 
 MORALIS ' is on the recto of the first leaf. A table, of 3 pages, fol- 
 lows. On a (i) the Life of Seneca, on a ii the treatise ' De Moribus, ' 
 commences. The cider of the pieces is as before. The signatures 
 run, from a to r, inclusively, in eights : s and t, are in sixes : then A 
 to H in eights. On the reverse of H vij is the colophon :
 
 Opusc. Quced.'] SENECA. 341 
 
 Impressuni Venetiis per Bernardiniim de Cremona k. 
 Simonem de Lucro. Die. v. octobris. MCCCCXC. 
 
 A table of the epistles, in 1 leaves, closes the volume. The regbter is 
 at the bottom of the reverse of the last leaf. This edition is printed 
 with a very full paij::e of text, in a neat Roman letter. The present is 
 a fair copy, in calf binding. 
 
 422. Seneca. Opuscula Qu^dam. Supposed 
 to have been jjrmted hy Ulr'ic Zel. IVithout 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 The small pieces which appear to have issued from the press of Ulric 
 Zel, are almost innumerable ; and as they are generally without dates, 
 it is impossible to assign to them a correct chronological order. The 
 present curious volume appears to have escaped Panzer : at least, it 
 would occupy more time in verifying his numerous references to the 
 detached pieces of Seneca, than the importance of the search demanded. 
 I shall therefore give a brief but particular description of the contents 
 of the present impression, which will be found to contain other works 
 besides those of Seneca. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf presents us with the commencement of 
 the work ' De Remediis Fortuitorum, ' to which is prefixed the usual 
 exoi'dium, in 7 lines. This treatise occupies 8 leaves. O the reverse 
 of the 8th, we read 
 
 fortuitorum liber explicit 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf, the treatise De Quatuor V'lrtutibus has 
 this prefix : 
 
 3lnnci lucij J>enecc tie quatuor 
 birtutiliu)9f iifier %x\tvi^it ; 
 
 It contains 5 leaves and a half. On the reverse of the 6th from its 
 commencement, we read 
 
 %\\t\\ annei ^tnttt tie moritiutf 
 %ihtt incipit
 
 842 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opusc. Quad. 
 
 A full page contains 27 lines. The treatise comprises 8 pages ; the 
 bottom of the 8th page being occupied by the epitaph of Seneca, as 
 beyond. The reverse of the leaf, where the treatise De Moribus ter- 
 minates, presents us with new matter which must be reserved for the 
 note below.* It remains here only to add, that the present is a tall 
 and most desirable copy of this rare and estimable little volume. It is 
 elegantly bound in blue morocco. 
 
 * This ' new matter ' consists — first— of Four Orations: one of ^Eschines, oue of 
 Demas, and two of Demosthenes: the latter to Alexander — beginning thus : 
 
 Ichil habet rex alexander vcl fortuna tua 
 maius q(uatn) vt possis vel natura tua melius 
 q(uam) vt veils seruare quapiurimos. Nulla est euim 
 6iC. &c. &c. 
 concluding as follows : 
 
 et gloria Pace tua loquar rex alexander nullam 
 de laudibustuisampliorem fore (quam) eani quamho 
 dieruo die cii hoc feceris consecuturus es 
 
 Explicit 
 On the reverse of the leaf upon which this oration terminates, we read 
 Epistola bernardi siluestris 
 super gubemacione reifamiliaris 
 
 full of antithesis and alliteratifm ; but abounding with good and wholesome advice. Upon 
 the conclusion of it (6 pages) we read 
 
 Quatuor sunt per rectorem familie ob 
 seruari conueniunt 
 followed by 5 leaves, abounding with maxims. On the reverse of the last leaf, being the 29th 
 from the beginning of the first of Seneca's works above-mentioned, there is a copy of verses 
 ih Praise of the City of Paiis : too curious not to find a place here. 
 Architrenius libro secundo m fine 
 in laudem ciuitatis parisiensis hec : 
 
 Exoritur tandem locus, altera regia pliebi : 
 Parisius, cirrea viris. crisea metallis. 
 Greca libris. inda studiis romana poetis 
 Artica philosophis. mudi rosa. balsam' orbis 
 Sidonis omalu sua mensis et sua putu ; 
 Diues agris fecunda mero. mansueta colonis 
 Messe ferax. inoperta rubis nemorosa racemis 
 Plena feris piscosa lacu volucrosa fluentis 
 Munda dorao fortis domino, pia regibus. aura 
 Dulcis. amena situ, bona quolibet. omne venustu 
 Omne bonum si sola bonis fortuna faueret ; 
 This volume was probably published before either of the above editions of Seneca. The 
 whole is in black letter.
 
 Epist.i 1475.] SENECA. 313 
 
 423. Seneca. Opuscula Qu^dam. Printed hy 
 Gulduiheck. Without Date. Quarto. 
 
 This copy exhibits an indifferent specimen of Guldinbeck's pres9. 
 The volume contains only 14 leaves, in which are printed the three 
 treatises De Morihus, Proverbia, and De Reinediis Fortuitorum. The 
 recto of the 14th and last leaf, presents us with the colophon thus : 
 
 3tnnci %x\m ^tnttt tic rcmctiii^ 
 fortuitorum liber crpUcit fdicitcn 
 3^er nie magi^tru 25artt)oiomeu 
 (^ui&intehtic^ult5, Hau^tieo. 
 
 An indiflferent copy : in calf binding. 
 
 424. Seneca. Epistol^. (printed hy Ccesaris 
 and Stol.^ Patois. 14^ 5. Quarto. 
 
 This is the edition of which mention has been already briefly made, 
 (see p. 330 ante) and which is justly supposed by Chevillier, and other 
 bibliographers, to have been printed by Ccesaris and Stol. There are two 
 very fair copies of it in this collection. One of these copies is not a little 
 curious, as it is the identical one which Maittaire saw,* and which he 
 has described as printed in 14/0 : see the Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 296. 
 The error is almost venial ; since some dexterous falsifier of dates has 
 scratched out the V, which stands (as the subjoined fac-simile shews) 
 at a distance from the Lxx — and contrived to introduce some red ink 
 over the place, as if it were the embellishment of an ancient illumi- 
 nator. The deception is so nearly perfect, that, after the tracing 
 of it had been made, upon the conviction of the date being genuine, 
 it was only by comparison with the other copy of 1475. where the 
 whole date stands entire, that — upon finding the two impressions so 
 literally and exactly conformable — I immediately suspected the fraud. 
 A closer examination of the part upon which the red ink had been 
 introduced, excited a degree of doubt ; which, upon exposing such part 
 to a strong li^ht, was converted into a full belief and persuasion that the 
 V had been removed, and that the genuine date was M.CCCC.Lxx.V. 
 
 * It was in the Ctiaiuicey collection, and seeias to hare been formerly in the Harleia4i. 
 The binding is foreign.
 
 344 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Epist. 1475. 
 
 Bibliographers have therefore justly exploded a Parisian edition of the 
 date of 1470. It remains to describe the volume before us. 
 
 A table of four leaves precedes the text ; which table has been 
 whoU) omitted by De Bure and Panzer. The nature of the references 
 in this table is explained at the termination of it. On the recto of 
 the fifth leaf, the Epiatles begin thus :* 
 
 LVTII ANNEI SENECE CORDV^ 
 BENSIS/ ad Lucillium epistole Feliciter In;; 
 cipiuDt ; 
 
 In hac prima epistola hortatur lucillium/ vt tepus 
 coseruet/ vtiliterq; exponat. addes ^ pauper non 
 est cui ^tuiucuq; superest/ sat est; 
 
 TA FAC MI Lucili/ vedica 
 te tibi / et tepus quod adhuc / aut 
 auferebatur/ aut surripiebatur/ 
 aut excidebat. collige et serua. 
 Persuade tibi sic esse vt scribo. 
 Quedam tepora eripiuntur no^ 
 &:c. 8cc. Xcc. 
 
 Beneath, there are 1 1 lines : a full page contains 25 lines. There are 
 neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. On the reverse of 
 fol. 202 from the beginning of the Epistles, we read the following 
 subscription : 
 
 Expliciunt Epistole Sene 
 ce ad Lucilium. 
 
 in the same line with the colophon, — of which latter, the ensuing ii 
 a fac-simile : 
 
 Jmpr^lft Panfias 
 J^nno domim MtCCGCtLss*V* 
 
 • Of the first line, tbe following is a fac-simile. 
 
 LVm OTfflei SSN8CS CORD V.
 
 Epistol<B ; 1475.] SEXECA- 345 
 
 There are 5 more leaves ; devoted to a brief life of Seneca, and to the 
 supposed correspondence between Seneca and the Apostk Paul, On 
 the recto of the fifth leaf, we read 
 
 Epitaphium Senece ; 
 
 Curay labor/ merituy supti pro munere honores. 
 
 Ite. alias posthac/ aoUicitate animas. 
 
 Me procul a vobis/ deus euocat/ illicet astris. 
 
 Rebua terrenis, hospita terra yale. 
 
 Corpus auara tamen, solemnibus accipe saxis 
 
 Xanq; animarn celo reddimus/ ossa tibi ; 
 
 De Btire b less circumstantial; voL iv. p. 310. See Bibl. Jskec. 
 n°. 2936 ; Bibl. Pans, n®. 477- Of these two copies of this impression, 
 one is in ancient moroc-co binding ; but neither =0 clean nor so tall as 
 the other — which latter is very neatly bound in blue morocco, silk 
 lining, by Bozerian, presenting us with one of the most elegant 
 knowTi specimens of the ancient Parisian printing. 
 
 425. Seneca. Epistolae. Printed hy Pannartz, 
 1475. Folio. 
 
 It is rightly observed by Audiffredi, that the type of this edition is 
 * the same small and neat character with which the Grammatica of 
 Perottus, and the Commentaries of Calderinus upon the Sylvae of 
 Statins, were executed by the same printer.' If it be among the first 
 productions of Pannartz's press, after the death of his partner, Sweyn- 
 heym, it certainly differs from the Herodotus of 1475, which has, in 
 part, a similar colophon : the type of this latter work being the usual 
 large type, and wholly different. See p. 41 ante. There is something 
 rather uncommon in the wording of the colophon, for ~o late a period 
 of printing : but Pannartz probably imitated the ancient Mentz colo- 
 phons, on commencing business upon his own accotmt. He conceived, 
 perhaps, that a certain eclat and success might attend the adoption of 
 such a measure ; and former misfortunes would teach him to make use 
 of every ingenious effort, now the weight of responsibiUty had fallen 
 exclusively upon his own shoulders. This new type is rather ' serr^' 
 than neat ; auad by some may be supposed to have a meagre aspect. 
 
 VOL. II. Y y
 
 S46 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Epistolce j 1475. 
 
 On the recto oP the first leaf, commences the correspondence between 
 Seneca and the Apostle Paul ; preceded by a brief prologue of 8 lines, 
 by St. Jerom, upon the same. On the recto of the 3rd leaf, this cor- 
 respondence terminates with the epitaph of Seneca, as in the last 
 page : beneath which epitaph we read as follows : 
 
 In isto sequenti Codice continentur epistolae moralium rer 
 um quas composuit uir eloquentissimus Lucius Anneus 
 Seneca; ad Lucilu discipulum suum peramantissimum 
 transmissae. 
 
 A table of the epistles immediately commences on the reverse of this 
 3rd leaf; comprehending 10 pages, or terminating at bottom of the 
 8th leaf from the beginning of the volume. The reverse of this 8th 
 leaf is blank. On the recto of the 9th and following leaf, we read the 
 first Epistle, and a small portion of the second. The first has this 
 prefix : 
 
 Lutii Aenei Senecae ad Lucilum : Epistola:^ liber 
 primus : Epistola prima | de colligenda 8c existenda 
 fuga teporis. Et non esse pauperem cui etia modicQ 
 satis est. 
 
 A large blank space is left for the insertion of the capital I to the first 
 epistle. A full page has 37 lines ; and each Epistle has a title prefixed 
 to it in lower case letter. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords. On the reverse of the 166th and last leaf, we read the 
 termination of the last epistle, and the colophon, thus : 
 
 Cum uisis quae homines eripiunt| optanti custodiunt. nihil 
 inueneris non dico quod mallis | sed quod uelis. Brcuem 
 tibi formulam dabo qua te metiaris | qua pfeclum esse 
 iam sentias. Tunc habebis tuu : cum intelliges infelicis- 
 simos esse felices. Vale. 
 
 F I N I S 
 
 Praesens haec epistolarum Senecas ad Lucilum 
 
 impressio In alma urbe Roma in domo nobilis 
 
 uiri Petri de maxirais non atramento ; plumali
 
 Epistolce.-] SENECA. 347 
 
 calamo : neq; stilo areo : sed artificiosa quadara 
 adinuentione imprimendi seu characterizandi 
 opus sic effigiatum est/ ad dei laudem industriaiq; 
 p magist2f, Arnoldu pannartz Alamanu est cosu 
 niatu Anno salutis. M. CCCC. LXXV. 
 Die uero Prinia Mensis Februarii : Sederi. 
 Sixto Pon. Max. Anno eius quarto. 
 
 Audiffredi, Edit. Rom. p. 181, Cat. de la Falliere, vol. ii. n". 4433, 
 Laire, Index Libror, vol. i. p. 374, are each brief. Panzer refers to 
 these authoiities as corroborative of his calling the impression the 
 FIRST of the Epistles of Seneca. The present is a beautiful and desir- 
 able copy of this very rare volume ; and is elegantly bound in blue 
 morocco. 
 
 426. Seneca. Epistolce. IVithout Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 This edition is well described by Braun, and in the Valliere Cata- 
 logue. In both places it is justly said to be printed with the same type 
 in which the Plutarch, noticed at p. 275-G ante, is executed ; and both 
 authorities agree in giving it chronological precedency to either of its 
 precursors in the present order. The letter R designates the printer 
 of it, till his name shall be found disclosed in some (hitherto unknown) 
 colophon. We may be brief but particular in our account of it. On 
 the recto of the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 Lucii Annei Scnece Cordubensis ad Lucillium epi^ 
 stole Feliciter Incipiunt. 
 
 Prima. De colligcnda %i sistenda fuga temporis. Sc 
 $ pauper non est cui quantulumcunq; superest sat est. 
 Ta fac mi Lucilli : vendica te tibi : 
 Xc tempus quod adhue : aut aufere/ 
 batur : aut surripiebatur : aut excide 
 bat. colligc In serua. Persuade sic cs
 
 348 ' ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Tragced.; 1484. 
 
 se vt tibi scribo. Quedam enim tem 
 pora eripiunt nobis : quedam subdu 
 cunt : quedam effluunt. Turpissima 
 
 Sec. 8cc. kc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines. There are no spaces between the Epistles, 
 but to each one is a prefix, in lower case letter. On the I'everse of 
 the '203rd leaf, the regular Epistles terminate : succeeded by the corres- 
 pondence between the Apostle Paul, as usual. These occupy 3 leaves ; 
 and conclude with the epitaph of Seneca, on the recto of the 3rd. 
 See Cat. de la FalUere, vol. ii. n°. 4434 ; and Notit. Hist. Lit. vol. i. 
 p. 112. Brunet, Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 470, describes it as the 
 Editio Princeps. The present i^ a most desirable copy of this un- 
 common book ; and is so large, that there are numerous rough edges 
 to the leaves. It is elegantly bound in blue morocco. 
 
 427- Seneca. Tragoedije. Printed hy Andrea 
 Gallus. (Ferrara. 1484.J Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. BaiiifFaldi, in his Tipografia Ferrarese, p. 45-8, 
 seems to have indisputably fixed the date of the printing of this edition 
 about the year 1484. His reasons are assigned below. Audiffredi, 
 (Edit. Ital. p. 341,) who appears to have never seen a copy of it, is 
 indebted to a description sent to his friend the Canon Devoti ; but 
 acquiesces in the reasoning of BarulFaldi. This reasoning is drawn, (as 
 is the conclusion from the edition of Sallust, noticed at p. 326-8 ante,) 
 from the political circumstances alluded to in the colophon ; which 
 relate to a peace established between the Venetians and Hercules Duke 
 of Ferrara, with other federated Italian princes, in the year 1484. We 
 will describe the impression particularly. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, the text is thus : 
 
 LVCII ANAEI SENECAE CORDVBENSIS: 
 
 HERCVLES FVRENS TRAGEDIA PRIMA 
 
 INCIPIT. 
 
 OROR TONANTIS (HOC 
 
 enim solum mihi 
 
 Nomen relictum est) semper 
 
 alienum iouem :
 
 TragoBd.; 1484.] SENECA. 349 
 
 Ac tenipla summi uidua de/ 
 
 serui aetlieris : 
 
 Locumq; caelo pulsa pcllici/ 
 
 bus dedi : 
 T ellus colenda est : pellices caelum tenent : 
 H inc arctos alta parte glacialis poll 
 S ublime classes sidus argolicas agit : 
 Inc. 8cc. Sec, 
 
 A full page has 34 lines. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords. What are called signatures, by Baruffaldi, AudifiFredi, 
 and Reviczky, appear to me, both in this and in other similar instances 
 of them, to have been inserted, subsequently, by the hand, in printing 
 ink; — to gratify the caprice of some former owuer of tlie copy. 
 There is nothing in the appearance of them which indicates a simul- 
 taneous operation of tlie press : in character, as well as in mechanical 
 operation, they differ wholly from the type of the text. On the 
 reverse of the 174th and last leaf, we read the following colophon 
 beneath the last chorus : 
 
 • reXoo". 
 Longa iterum Senecae tribuisti saecula : regum 
 
 Cum prerais Andrea gallice mortis opus. 
 Hercule sunt formis irapraessa uolumina rege 
 
 Victor ab adriacis cum redit ille feris : 
 
 Dismissing the erroneous and meagre notices of this very rare book 
 by Maittaire, Panzer, and the Bipont editors, we may satisfy ourselves 
 with the following decisive information from Baruffaldi ; — as above 
 referred to. ' Notisi in secondo loco essere falso che la Guerra dei 
 Viniziani con Ercole Ijuca di Ferrara accadesse del 1481, essa comincib 
 del 1482, nel mese di Maggio, e fini nell' Agosto del 1484, colla pace 
 conclusa in Bagnolo. L' antica lapide coUocata nella Torre della Chiesa 
 di S. Giorgio fuori di Ferrara parla a lettere cubitali. PACE FER- 
 RARL-\ PARTA ANNO MCCCCLXXXV. Veggasi anche il Muratori 
 negli Annali d' Italia, Tom. IX. Ivi si pub rilevare con quanta sincerity 
 r autor di que' versi scrivesse, che Ercole ritornb vincitore dei ^'iniziani. 
 La edizion dunque di Seneca dee fissarsi conformemente ai citati uersi
 
 350 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Tragoed. 
 
 non gill air anno 1481, ma all' anno 1484. Quando non voglia dirsi, 
 senza averne prove di alcuna sorte, che la stampa cominci5 del 1481, 
 e per le turbolenze insorte lesto sospesa fino al termine della guerra, 
 I'anno 1484,' p. 4G. De Bure was unacquainted with it, and no copy 
 of it is to be found in the Gaignat, Valliere, or Crevenna Collection. 
 The type is laigc, legible, and handsome. The noble Owner of the 
 present copy may congratulate himself on the possession of one of the 
 most desirable copies of rare volumes in this Collection. It is bound 
 in red morocco. 
 
 428. Seneca. Tragoediae. Printed hy Higman 
 and Hopyl. Paris. Without Date Quarto. 
 
 The present copy, beginning on sign, a iiii, is necessarily imperfect ; 
 but on consulting the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. p. 120, no. 2589, 
 we find that it wants a dedicatory epistle, which occupies the first 2 
 leaves. A prefix or argument of 12 lines, by Jerom Balbus, precedes 
 the commenceinent of the ' Hercules Furens' on a iiii recto. The text 
 of this Tragedy appears exactly conformable to that of the Ferrara 
 edition. A full page has 26 lines. There are two alphabets of signa- 
 tures : the first, from a to "}, in eights. The second A to E in eights. 
 On the recto of E v, the 10th tragedy concludes : then an address of 
 Carolus Fernandus, in 10 lines, of which the following are the most 
 material and interesting : 
 
 Te balbi meminisse decet : qui codice multo 
 Collate, hec tribuit munera tanta tibi. 
 Multaq; Yuolfgago debet gratia : cuius 
 Hec nitet artifici littera pressa manu. 
 Ite alacres igitur paucis ne parcite numis: 
 Quando potest minimo maximus auctor emi. 
 
 On the reverse, at top, is the imprint thus : 
 
 Impressu parisius in vico clauso brunelli per Io>- 
 hanne higman vuilhelmu ppositi Sc vuolfgangu ho 
 pyl socios. 
 
 The register occupies the remainder of the page, and one half of the 
 recto of the following leaf. The reverse is blank. The authority.
 
 Without Bate.'] SERENUS. 351 
 
 above referred to, informs us that ' it may be presumed that this 
 edition is anterior to the Lyons impression of 1491. The printers 
 worked in unison from the year 1484.' La Serna Santander has the 
 same information as to the period when Higman and Hopyl carried 
 on their business. Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 230-1. The present 
 copy is an indifferent one, in calf binding. 
 
 429. Serenus Sammonicus. Without Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. There is no question but that this is the impres- 
 sion which AudiSredi describes in his Edit. Rom. p. 379. The same learned 
 bibliographer is doubtful, however, whether the edition be printed at 
 Rome : ' Editio fortasse Romana est ; sed nuUo certo indicio id mihi 
 constat.' I incline to think it a production of the Milan press ; but 
 am not prepared to affirm that Zarotus was the printer of it. The 
 editor was Sulpitius Verulanus; but Rcviczky properly thinks that 
 it preceded the same editor's publication of Vitruvius, of the date ot 
 1484 : ' sane liber hie majoris vetustatis indicia prae se fert,' — are his 
 ms. observations. One feature in the impression may somewhat 
 guide us in our chronological conclusions. It is without signatures, 
 numerals, and catchwords ; but it has a register at the end. Accord- 
 ing to La Serna Santander, M. Marolles, in his Recherches sur I'origine 
 et le 'premier usage des registres, &c. affixes the year 1469 as exhibiting 
 the earliest evidence of the use of registers ; and says, that Sweynheym 
 and Pannartz used this typographical distinction at the same period. 
 But it may be asked, in what work, of this date, executed by the same 
 printers, will the introduction of the register be found ? — certainly 
 not in the Aulus Gellius, Apuleius, Caesar, Epist ad Fam, or Offices of 
 Cicero; all of the year 1469. See Supplement an Catalogue des Livres 
 de M. C. De La Serna Santander, p. 29. 
 
 We return to the volume before us. On the reverse of the first 
 leaf the prefix of the editor is as follows: 
 
 Sulpitius Verulanus ad 
 unumqueniq; lectorem : 
 
 En tibi phoebei reuirescit musa Sereni : 
 Carmine qui 8c medicEe claruit artis ope.
 
 352 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Without Bate. 
 
 Hue lege : nam disces multos depeller raorbos : 
 Et medico Ic docto saepe fuere sene. 
 
 A brief biography of the poet is beneath. On the recto of the ensuing 
 leaf, the text commences thus : 
 
 QVINTI SERENI SAMMONICI 
 LIBER 
 
 Hcebe salutiferum : quod pagimus 
 
 assere carmen. 
 
 Inuetuq; tuu jpmpto coraitare fauore 
 Tuq; potens artis : reduces qui tradeie uitas 
 Noscis : 8c in celum manes reuocare sepultos 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 25 lines. On the reverse of the 25th leaf, the text 
 terminates. 
 
 Q. SERENI SAMMONICI 
 FINIS. 
 
 Ordo foliorum. 
 
 Primu uacat Fellis uomitui Preterdicta 
 
 Desinet in Vt mihi Sine fimus 
 
 Sic lacerat 
 
 The recto of the ensuing and last leaf is occupied by * Emendanda.' 
 The present is a fair copy, in red-morocco binding.
 
 Home; H/l.] SILIUS ITALICUS. 353 
 
 430. SiLius Italic US. Printed hij Sweynheym 
 and Pannartz. Rome. 14/ 1. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. On the recto of the first leaf, at top, we read the 
 openhig of the poem, as follows : 
 
 Silii Italic! Punicorura 
 Liber primus Incipit. 
 
 Rdior arma : quibus 
 celo se gloria tollit 
 Aeneadum : patiturq; 
 ferox Oenotria iura 
 Carthago. Da musa decus 
 memorare laborum 
 Antiquas Hesperiae. qntosq; ad bella crearit : 
 Et quot Roma uiros : sacri cum perfida pacti 
 Gens Cadmea sup regno certamina mouit. 
 Ice. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 38 lines. On the reverse of the 161st and last 
 leaf, the conclusion of the poem and the colophon are thus : 
 
 Salue inuicte parens non concessure Quirino 
 Laudibus. ac raeritis non concessure Camillo. 
 Nee uero cum te memorat de stirpe deorum : 
 Prolem Tarpeii mentitur Roma tonantis. 
 
 Anno diiici Natalis. M.CCCC.LXXI. die. V. 
 mensis Aprilis. Summo Pont. Paulo. II. Veneto 
 Anno pont. vii. lo. An. Epus Alerien In Insula 
 Cyrno. recognitione absoluit diebus circiter. xv. 
 Lector beniuole uale peipetuo. 
 
 The usual eight verses, beginning ' Aspicis illustris,' and concluding 
 ' contribuere domum,' are beneath. 
 
 VOL. II. z z
 
 354 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1471. 
 
 This is not only the first editioa of Silius Italicus, but also of Cal- 
 PHURNius, and of a Latin version of the Opera et Dies of Hesiod by 
 Nicolas de Valla. The two latter pieces wiU be found elsewhere de- 
 scribed. The rarity and beauty of this first impression of Silius Italicus 
 are well known to the curious. Quirini has a good account of the 
 impression in his De Edit. Optimor. Scriptor. p. 174-6; and Crevenna 
 seems to have exulted in the possession of his own beautiful copy of it." 
 — • Celui que nous avons la satisfaction de poss^der, est trfes-complet, 
 et d'une conservation a tout dgard si parfaite et si belle qu'on puisse 
 la souhaiter.' Cat. de Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 229 ; edit. 1775. The eulogy 
 of Crevenna is noticed by Audilfredi : who adds ' no work ever pub- 
 lished by Sweynheym and Pannartz exceeds the present one in ele- 
 gance and beauty.' He informs us that there are two copies of it in 
 the Vatican, and a third in the Corsinian, library. There can be no 
 question about its rarity ; since (from the memorable list, printed in 
 the first volume of this work, at p. 160-1) it appears that only 275 
 copies of it were printed. It has been sold for a sum as high as 48/. 
 See the references in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 212. 
 
 The present copy (from the Prefond Collection*) is large, clean, 
 and beautiful. It is in old red-morocco binding. 
 
 421. Silius Italicus. (^Printed hy Laver?) 
 Without Place. 1471. Folio. 
 
 Whether this impression be rarer than the one just described, is 
 extremely questionable. Laire and De Bure are alike brief and super- 
 ficial. Crevenna, on the contrary, is so copious and particular, that 
 whoever examines his account of this impression, in the earliest Cat. 
 de Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 230-233, (1775,) will at once acknowledge the 
 obligations due to it, and confess that the present is a most important 
 acquisition to the collector of the early editions of Silius Italicus. 
 Maittaire, Drakenborch, and Ernesti, were each ignorant of it. ' M. 
 Drakenborch n'a pas connu non plus cette rare Edition sans nom 
 d'imprimeur, et nous sommes d'avis qu'elle pourroit fournir grand 
 nombre de variantes, peut-etre assez bonnes, pour une nouveUe edition 
 de ce poete.' Ibid. Crevenna furnishes various specimens of its dif- 
 ferent readings from those of the preceding impressions ; but occupies 
 
 * So the gilt letters, in the interior of the binding, infonn us; but in the Cat. de Frtfond, 
 no. 660, I see only the Parma edition of 1481 described.
 
 1471.] SILIUS ITALICUS. 355 
 
 more time than is necessary to confute the absurd and palpably 
 erroneous conjecture of De Bure — that, * from the (supposed) simila- 
 rity of types, the printers of this edition were also Sweynheym and 
 Pannartz.' There is hardly the least similarity either in the types 
 themselves, or in the mode of setting up the page : those m the present 
 edition being every way barbarous and rude in comparison with the 
 characters of the preceding one. And how (as Crcvenna asks) could 
 the same press have published two editions of Silius Italicus in two 
 successive months ? 
 
 Although Audiffredi has not favoured us with his own conjecture 
 respecting the printer of this edition, there is every reason to conclude 
 — on comparing it with the impression of Quintus Ciulius, noticed at 
 p. 317 ante — that it was executed by George Laver. Panzer had also 
 thrown out this conjecture ; although it is very questionable whether 
 he ever saw either of these editions of the date 1471. Audiffredi 
 notices six copies of this impression ; so that it is probable Brunet may 
 have been too precipitate in agreeing with De Bure and Laire, that it 
 is • rarer than the preceding one.' See Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n**. 
 2793; Spec. Hist. Typ. Rom. p. 1C5-6; Edit. Rom. p. 88; Panzer, vol. ii. 
 p. 428; Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 483. There seems to be only 
 one copy of it in Paris, and the Magliabechi Collection was without it. 
 In our own country I know but of two other copies of it, one of 
 which is in the Bodleian Library. Those who have the preceding, 
 ought, if possible, to procure the present edition. We proceed there- 
 fore to describe this rude, but rare and valuable impression. On the 
 recto of the first leaf, without any prefix, the text begins thus : 
 
 RDIOR ARMA : Qui/ 
 bus celo se gloria tollit 
 Aneadu : patiturq; ferox 
 oenotria iura 
 Carthago: da musadecus meniorarelaboru 
 Antique hesperie/ quatosq; ad bella crearit 
 &;c. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 34 lines. There are no prefixes, as in the first edition, 
 to the several books. On the reverse of fol. 180, (pencil numbered) 
 we read the conclusion of the poem; and beneath the word FINIS, a 
 brief biography of the poet — terminating thus :
 
 856 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Parma j 1481. 
 
 In 
 
 Neapolitano abstinetia cibi uita functus est : est An. 
 agens. Lxx. Opus ia Neglectu Pomponius re^ 
 coffnouit. Anno domini . Mcccclxxi. Vi. Caled. 
 Mai. Rome. 
 
 The present is a very indifferent copy ; in calf binding. 
 
 432. SiLius Italicus. Printed at Parma, 1481. 
 Folio. 
 
 This beautiful specimen of the early Parma press, is not assigned by 
 Aflb to any particular printer. The latter bibliographer, however, 
 avails himself of the authorities of Paitoni and Morelli, to stigmatise 
 • the vague manner' in which De Bure has thought proper to notice 
 it. Tipograjia Parmense, p. lxxxiv. On the recto of the first leaf, 
 sign, a ii, the first book commences thus : 
 
 SILII ITALICI PVNICORVM 
 LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 RDIOR arma : quibus caelo 
 se gloria to 11 it 
 o Aeneadum : patiturq; ferox 
 
 oenotria iura 
 Carthago, da musa decus me 
 moiare labor urn 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 36 lines. There are running titles on the rectos of the 
 leaves, sometimes printed in capital letters, and sometimes in small ; 
 sometimes there are only the Roman numerals. The signatures extend 
 from a to X : each of these having ten leaves, and the intermediate 
 ones only eight. On the reverse of x ix, we read the imprint, thus : 
 
 Silii Italici Punico^ Liber Septimusdecimus 
 
 Et Vltimus Finit. 
 Anno Dnici Natalis. M . CCCC . LXXXI . 
 
 Die uero .XVI . Mensis Nouembris. 
 PARMAE.
 
 Fenicej 1492.] SILIUS ITALICUS. 35/ 
 
 A life of the author ensues, and concludes on the recto of the following 
 and last leaf. A copy was in the Bibl. Harleian. vol. i. n°. 3936 ; Bibl. 
 Mead. p. 231, n°. 1704, (purchased by Dr. Askew) Bibl. Askev. n". 
 3011; Bibl. Smith, p. ccccxlii-iii ; Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iii. n°. 4010; 
 Bibl. Finell. vol. ii. p. 372. The present is a large and desirable copy ; 
 in dark stained red morocco binding. 
 
 233. SiLius Italicus. Cum Commentariis 
 Petri Marsi. Prhiied by Octavianus Scot. 
 Venice. 1492. Folio. 
 
 As it is always advisable to procure some of the early editions of 
 the first commentators upon classical authors, the present impression 
 (although not the earliest of those of the Commentaries of Peter 
 Marsus,) finds a place in this Collection. As usual with these impres- 
 sions, there is an abundance of text and commentary in each page. 
 The blooming capital initials are, some of them, sufficiently elegant, 
 as the ensuing fac-similes may testify : 
 
 
 ism 
 
 3^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 PIM 1 1 ^^1 
 
 t 
 
 
 1 
 
 The register, at the end of the impression, informs us, that the signa- 
 tures run from a to u ; and that each signature has 8 leaves, with the 
 exception of t and u : these two having only six each. Prefixed to 
 the register, is the imprint, in two lines and three words.
 
 358 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fenice ; 1492. 
 
 Venetiis opera ingenioq; Boneti Locatelli. Instinctu uero 
 ac sumptibus Nobilis uiri Octauiani Scoti Modoetiensis 
 Anno salutifcro incarnationis nonagesimosecundo supra 
 Millesimumac quadringentesimum quintodecimokalendas 
 iunias. 
 
 The recto of the last leaf, following that of the imprint, presents us 
 with the usual shevvy device of Octavianus Scot ; which this ' Nobilis 
 Vir' seemed always fond of introducing, and of which I have an impres- 
 sion, upon a much larger scale, printed in red ink, subjoined to an 
 edition (of 1481) of De Lyra's Commentary upon the New Testament. 
 The device in the present volume is as follows : 

 
 Fenice; U73.J SOLINUS. 359 
 
 434. SoLiNUs. Printed hy Jenson. Venice. 1473. 
 Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Whatever may be the claims of the supposed 
 Roman, Milan, and Parisian impresdions, bibliographers seem to be 
 justified in giving chronological precedence to the present one. It is 
 no less estimable from its rarity than from its great intrinsic value • as 
 it has received the warmest eulogies of Salmasius, one of the ablest 
 editors of the author. Edit. Paris, 1629 ; and Traj. ad Ren. 1689. 
 Consult Ernesti, Dibl. Lot. vol. ii. p. 241, 243-4, note t. We may be 
 brief, but sufficiently particular, in the description of it. On the recto 
 of the first leaf, we read the prefix thus : 
 
 IVLII SOLINI DE SITV ET ME/ 
 MORABILIBVS ORBIS CAPITVLA. 
 
 PRAEFATIO. CAP. I. 
 
 There are 28 lines below. The first two leaves comprehend the preface, 
 or rather a table. The third le^f is blank. On the recto of the 4th 
 leaf, the text commences as follows : 
 
 IVLII SOLINI DE SITV ORBIS TERRA, 
 RVM ET MEMORABILIBVS QVAE MVN/ 
 DI AMBITV CONTINENTVR LIBER. 
 
 PRAEFATIO. CA. I. 
 
 VM ET AVRIVM CLAExMEN/ 
 
 tia 8c optima^ artiu studiis prastare 
 te casteris sentia : idq; oppido exptus 
 de beniuolentia tua nihil teniere per/ 
 ceperi : putauiexame opusculi huius 
 tibipotissimOdare: cuiusuel Idustria 
 promptius suffragiu : uel benignitas 
 8cc. 8cc. &:c. 
 
 A full page has 33 lines. There are no signatures, catchwords, or 
 numerals. The titles to the several chapteis, lxx in number, are
 
 360 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [mthout Bate. 
 
 printed in the small Roman type. On the reverse of fol. 66, (pencil- 
 numerals) and beneath 18 lines of text, we read the ensuing colophon : 
 
 IVLII SOLINI DE SITV ORBIS ET ME, 
 MORABILIBVS QVAE MVNDI AMBITV 
 CONTINENTVR LIBER IMPRESSVS 
 VENETIIS PER NICOLAVM lENSON 
 GALLICVM . M . CCCC . LXXIII. 
 
 Laire, Audiffredi, and Sardini, have noticed the erroneous description 
 of this volume by De Bure and Ernesti, who call it a folio : whereas it 
 is a quarto. Audiffredi and Sardini mention fine copies of the impres- 
 sion, upon paper ; but it is rather surprising that the latter should 
 have been ignorant of the existence of this copy (formerly in the 
 Souhise Collection, n". 5850) which is printed upon vellum — * Rari- 
 tatem (says the late Count Reviczky, in his ms. memoranda) libri ultra 
 modum auget exemplar hoc in membranis, cui parem uspiam alibi 
 reperiatur, incertum : sane in catalogis bibliothecarum, et auctionum, 
 nullum aliud memoratur,' It remains only to refer the reader to the 
 Edit. Rom. p. 385, note (1). Bibl. Pinell.vol. i. n*'. 2199 ; Bibl. Crevenn. 
 vol. iv. n**. 5731; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 51, n°. 4204; Index 
 Libror. vol. i. p. 316 ; and Storia Critica di Nicola Jenson ; lib. iii. p. 29. 
 The present beautiful and truly precious copy is bound in red-morocco. 
 
 435. SoLiNus. Without Name of Printer, Place, 
 or Date. Octavo. 
 
 * Quod ad antiquitatem ejus attinet, cum JensoniauS. editione certare 
 omnino potest' — is the observation of Morelli, in the Bibl. Pinell. vol. i. 
 n°. 2200. Nor was the late Count Reviczky of a decidedly opposite 
 opinion: — informing us, in his ms. memoranda, that in the Italian 
 edition of Harwood, of the date of 1780, this impression was mentioned 
 before the preceding one. On consulting this reprint of Harwood, I 
 find the present impression noticed as ' edizione rarissima e scono- 
 sciuta ;' p. 224 ; but in the subsequent and best reprint of Harwood, 
 by Boni and Gamba, vol. ii. p. 164, it is observable that the ensuing 
 impression (edited by Mombritius,) takes precedency; and the Jenso- 
 nian edition of 1473, ranks, after this, as the third in order. Count 
 Reviczky, however, without being aware of this subsequent arrange-
 
 JFithout Date.] SOLINUS. 3G1 
 
 ment, has well remarked : — ' editio Bonini Mombritii, quae etiam sine 
 anni nota est, vix ad tantam antiquitatern assurgit.' Leaving therefore 
 the point of the antiquity of the present impression sub judke, we may 
 notice that Audiflfredi (Edit. Rom. p. 385, note 1,) was of opinion, that 
 the editor of this dateless edition had no knowledge of the preceding 
 one by Jenson ; and that, compared with its precursor, it is ' satis 
 mendosa — valde inferior.' The same learned bibliographer justly 
 assigns the printing of it to the press of Schurener de Bopardia, 
 at Rome ; and neither Morelli nor Boni question such conclusion. 
 Indeed, it is self-evident, on comparison with the Three Declamations 
 of Quintilian, printed by Schurener, which are noticed at p. 313 ante. 
 ]t remains to describe the volume itself; wiiich is entirely destitute of 
 signatures, numerals, and catchwords. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 CAI. lulii. Soliiii xeif, meraorabiliu col 
 lectanee. Solinus Auetino. Salute. 
 
 Vm et Aurium dementia et op 
 timarum artium studiis presta 
 re te ceteris sentiam. Idq; oppi 
 do expertus de beniuoletia tua 
 
 This proheme or preface, with a table which immediately follows, 
 occupies 4 leaves. On the recto of the 5th leaf, we read this prefix to 
 the text of the author : 
 
 De origine et teporibus urbis 
 Rome et mensibus et diebus 
 intercalaribus. Capital um 
 primum 
 
 A full page has 26 lines ; the text being set up in a narrow and not 
 inelegant form. The type is broad and legible, but not elegant. 
 According to the pencil numerals of this copy, the edition contains 
 119 leaves; ending thus, on the recto of the 119th and last leaf: 
 
 . Finis . Laus Deo. 
 
 The present is a neat copy ; in green morocco binding. 
 
 VOL. II. 3 A
 
 362 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [_TVithout Date. 
 
 436. SoLiNUS. TVithout Name of Printer, Place, 
 or Date. Octavo. 
 
 The Abbes Boiii and Garaba (the Italian editors of Harwood) are 
 somewhat strenuous and elaborate in giving clu'onological precedency 
 to the present impression ; which they conceive to have been executed 
 at Milxn, by Philip Lavagna, even as early as the year 1465. This con- 
 clusion is evidently erroneous. If the bibliographers here referred to 
 {Bihl. Portat. vol. ii. p. 164-5) had only consulted Saxius, or had been 
 better versed in the history of early printing, they would not have 
 entertained so improbable an opinion. It is admitted that this pub- 
 lication exhibits the earliest fruits of the literary labours of Mombri- 
 tius : indeed the verses, below quoted, are an incontrovertible demon- 
 stration of it. But Saxius, who had taken great pains to collect every 
 thing — * ex impressis per ea tempora codicibus epistolisque, utpote 
 minus obuiis, ad illustrandam ejusdeni [scil. Mombritii] uitam' — 
 seems decisive that the present work, and the Liber Summularum Pauli 
 Veneti (printed by Valdarfer in 1474) were the first publications from 
 the pen of Mombritius. Consult the Hist. Lit. Tijpog. Mediol. col. 
 cxLVii, p. Dcix. Denis refers to the latter page only in Saxius, and 
 to the brief and superficial account of De Bure, vol. v. n°. 4205. 
 
 But whether Saxius be correct or not in the foregoing position, it 
 seems almost conclusive that the present volume vk^as never executed 
 by Lavagna ; whose type is dissimilar — being firmer, and stouter, and 
 more proportionate — and from whose press we have nothing, to my 
 knowledge, which exhibits so (apparently) early a specimen of print- 
 ing. Neither does Valdarfer appear to have been the printer of it ; 
 but the type rather resembles that with which the Florus, Horace, and 
 Lucan (pp. 30-1, 61-6, 139, ante) are executed ; yet it is more regular. 
 This })oint therefore must still be left open to discussion. The volume 
 itself has certainly the marks of considerable antiquity upon it, and 
 may probably be of equally ancient date with either of the preceding 
 ones. We will now describe it particularly. On the recto of the first 
 leaf we read as follows : 
 
 B oninus Mobiitius reueredo I christo pri 
 8c diio Antonio Triulcio iurispontifi 
 cii doctori Clarissimo ac diui Antonii 
 comedatori optime nierito . s . d .
 
 Without Date.] SOLINUS. 363 
 
 a Ccipe primitias nostri uir sum 
 
 me laboiis 
 
 Et disces puo maxima saepe dari 
 Quid nra3 possint his expiere nouales 
 
 Frugibus . expectes iam meliora uelim . 
 
 These are succeeded by the poetical address of Mombritius ' I . C . 
 lulium Solinu, &c.' the 8th and 9th verses of which are as follow : — 
 but the whole may be seen in Saxius. 
 
 Si cupis Antoni cucta;^ ludicia re^ : 
 Parui de specula disce patente libri 
 
 The proheme of Solinus, and a table, follow these verses. In the 
 whole, 6 leaves. On the recto of the 7th leaf, is the prefix as extracted 
 in the account of the preceding edition. The page, which is narrowly 
 set up, contains 26 lines. To each chapter a title is prefixed ; but 
 there are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The text 
 concludes on the recto of the 122nd and last leaf, thus : 
 
 Ideoq; noa 
 penitus ad nuncupationem suam cogruere 
 Insularum qualitatem. 
 
 FINIS:. 
 
 The present is rather a neat copy ; in yellow morocco binding. 
 
 437- Solinus. {Printed hy Ccesaris and Stol. 
 Paris.) Without Date. Quarto. 
 
 ' Voici une edition, qui doit etre bien ancienne, mais que personne 
 n'a connue, et sur la quelle nous ne saurions rien dire. Elle est 
 en belles lettres rondes sans chiffres, signatures, ni reclames,' &c. Such 
 is the commencement of Crevenna's particular account of this elegant 
 and uncommon impression. Cat. de Crenenn. vol. v. p. 23, edit. 
 17/5, 4to. Another, nearly similar, description of it will be seen in 
 the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. iii. p. 21, n°. 4491. In this latter work, 
 reference is made to Juvigny's excellent edition of the Bibiwtheque 
 Frangoise of La Croix du Maine and Du Verdier ; vol. i. p. 351-2;
 
 364 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \_TFithout. Date. 
 
 where I find the authorities of the Bibl. Tellier, p. 234, and Prosper 
 Marchand's Diet. Hist. Typog. vol. ii. p. 267, quoted. The latter is 
 only a repetition of the immediately preceding authority ; and, in both, 
 the date of 'about 1498' is assigned to the present impression — a date, 
 which Juvigny properly corrects, by observing, that ' tout annonce 
 qu'elle est un des premiers fruits de letablissement de I'lmprimerie en 
 France vers I'an 1470.' The same writer adds, that this edition is 
 
 * very beautiful and very rare ;' and that M. de Brequigny, of the 
 
 * Academic des Belles-Lettres,' who was in possession of a copy of it, 
 furnished him with a remark, that ' if Salmasius had known of its exis- 
 tence, he might have enriched his own edition of this author with some 
 good readings.' For reasons, assigned at p. 330 ante, it should seem 
 that the date of this impression could not be anterior to that of 1473. 
 Probably it is rather that of 1475. We are now to describe it particu- 
 lai'ly. On the reverse of the first leaf, we read this interesting prefix : 
 
 Lodoicus xantonensis episcopus 
 Guillermo tardiuo aniciensi; 
 
 Lauda et mirare hec iinpressa volumina lector.' 
 Scripta quibus cedit pagina queq; manu. 
 Venduntur paruo. nee punctu aut littera defit.* 
 Vera reeognoseit tardiuus . ecce . lege; 
 
 Simon recomadoris angeriacus lodoici I 
 xantonensis episcopi secretarius Guil:; 
 lermo tardiuo aniciensi ; 
 
 Arte noua pressos si cernis mente libellos.' 
 Ingenium totiens exuperabit opus. 
 NuUus adhuc potuit huius contingere suniu. 
 Ars modo plura nequit . ars dedit ornne suu. 
 Ni vim quis faciat nullo delebitur euo .' 
 Que nitet incausto littera pulchra nimis. 
 Viuant autores operis feliciter isti. 
 Isti russangis/ tardiue vine magis; 
 
 Sic.
 
 Fenice; 1498.] SOLINUS. 365 
 
 Then 3 leaves of ' a table of the rubrics.* On the recto of the 5th 
 leaf, with apparently new letters, and similar to those of the Seneca — 
 of which there is a fac-simile at the bottom of p. 344, ante — we read : 
 
 CAII IVLII SOLINI AD AT>^ 
 VENTVM POLIIIISTOR SI^ 
 VE DE SITV ORBIS AC MVN 
 DI MIRABILIBVS LIBER; 
 
 There are 20 lines beneath. A full page contains 25 lines. The titles 
 to the chapters are in lower-case letter, and on the recto of the 108th 
 (pencil-numbered,) leaf, the text terminates thus: 
 
 as. deinde cQ raostra ilia putredine tabefacta sut.' 
 omnia infici illic tetro odore. ideoq; n5 penitus ad 
 nQcupationem sui cogruere iiisularu qualitatem ; 
 
 Caii iulii solini ad aduentu polihistor siue de 
 situ orbis ac mudi mirabiiibus liber finit; 
 
 The reverse is blank. There is good reason to believe this beautiful 
 volume to be the earliest production of the joint press of CaesarLs and 
 Stol. The present is a large and fine copy of it, in blue morocco 
 binding. 
 
 438. SoLiNUS. Printed at Venice. 1498. Quarto. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, printed in large lower-case Gothic 
 letter, we read ' ftoIinuB He ^emoialibua* ^unUi.' The text follows 
 on the reverse of this leaf, and ends on the recto of f vj ; the preceding 
 letters, or signatures, having each eight leaves. The colophon is thus : 
 
 FINIS 
 
 Venetiis anno Domini . M. CCCC. 
 LXXXXVIII. die. x. Marci. 
 
 Panzer, vol. iii- p. 444, n°. 2406, refers to several authorities ; which, 
 considering the unimportance of this impression, are hardly necessary 
 to be examined. The present is an hidifferent copy, in calf binding. 
 
 ♦ Sic.
 
 366 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Theb. 8f Achill. 
 
 439. Statius. Thebais et Achilleis. Without 
 Name of Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 Edttio Princeps, There are few points in bibliography more 
 difficult to settle with satisfaction, than that of the exact chronological 
 order of the publications of the several pieces of Statius. De Bure 
 is exceedingly brief and superficial ; and Ernesti and Panzer are not 
 only a little confused, but incorrect, Brunet is somewhat methodical 
 and satisfactory. The present impression of the Thebais and Achilleis 
 is called by Count Reviczky, in his usual style of designation, Editio 
 Primaria Princeps. The Count considered it to be more ancient than 
 an apparently similar impression in the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. 
 n°. 2544; and which impression Brunet introduces as the first 
 genuine one, in the order observed by him in the Manuel du Libraire, 
 vol. ii. 505. Whether the Valliere copy be the same as the present 
 edition, is rather doubtful : but if we may judge from extrinsic evi- 
 dence, there seems to be little or no doubt that the impression under 
 description is more ancient than the Sylvce or Achilleis, each with the 
 express date of 1472. Let us therefore be somewhat particular in the 
 description of it. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, without any particidar prefix, we read 
 a brief account of the poet, followed by an analysis of, or observations 
 upon, the Achilleis ; from which it would appear that there were, 
 originally, five books of the poem. These remarks are accompanied by 
 marginal printed memoranda ; and they occupy, in the whole, 8 leaves.* 
 A blank leaf ensues. A similar analysis, or preliminary matter, 
 relating to the Thebais, and occupying 1 1 leaves, immediately succeeds. 
 On the recto of the 20th leaf, from the beginning of the volume, after 
 a poetical prefix of 12 verses, we reid the opening of the Thebais, thus: 
 
 Raternas acies/ alternaq; regna profanis 
 Decertata odiis/ sontesq; euoluere thebas 
 Pierius menti calor incidit. unde iubetis 
 Ire/ dee "^ getis ne canam primordia dire: 
 See. 8cc. 8cc, 
 
 * Lord Spencer queries whether these marginal printed memoranda may not throw 
 Bome doubt upon the antiquity of the edition, as he does not remember to have seen such 
 before the year 1477.
 
 Without Date.'] STATIUS. 3G7 
 
 A full page has 37 lines. On the reverse of fol. 137 from its com- 
 mencement, the termination of the same poem is as follows : 
 
 Vine precor. nee tu diuinam eneyda tenta, 
 Sed longe sequere : 8c uestigia semper adora. 
 Mox tibi siquis adhuc pretendit nubila liuor/ 
 Occidet 8c meriti post me referentur Iionores. ( 
 
 In the present copy, 2 blank leaves ensue. Next follows the Achilleis, 
 without prefix, commencing thus : 
 
 Agnanimu eacide/ formidataq; tonanti 
 Progeniem/ 8c patrio uetitam succdere* celo/ 
 Diua refer, qq acta uiri multu inclita catu 
 Meonio. sed plura uacat. nos ire per omnem 
 Sic amor est/ heroa uelis. schjroq; latetem 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 36 lines. On the reverse of the IGth leaf from its 
 commencement, the poem concludes in the following manner: — 
 which the reader will compare with the conclusion of the same poem, 
 of the date of 1472 : vide post. 
 
 Gentibus atq; seuos solitus placare biformes. 
 Hac tenus annorum/ comites/ elementa raeorum/ 
 Et memini meminisse iuuat scit cetera mater. 
 
 It remains to obsei've that, in each of these poems, there are no titles, 
 or prefixes, to the several books. A blank space is left for them, as 
 well as for the introduction of the capital initial : nor are there 
 numerals, signatures, or catchwords. The type is rude and uncom- 
 mon : being a mixture of that of Sweynheym and Pannartz and 
 of Laver. The dot to the i is generally omitted. The capital Q is of 
 singular formation ; and the entire impression wears the aspect of a 
 work executed in the rudest period of the art by an vmskilful printer. 
 The text cannot boast of peculiar accuracy. The present is a large, 
 but rather soiled copy. It is elegantly bound in blue morocco. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 368 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Theh. et Achill. 
 
 440. Statius. Thebais et Achilleis. Without 
 Name of Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 It is probable that, although a few years subsequently executed, the 
 present impression is a reprint of the text of its precursor in the pre- 
 sent order. I should apprehend the date of its printing to be even two 
 or three years before that of the Sylvcz and Achilleis, with the express 
 date of 1472 subjoined. The printer is supposed by Count Reviczky to 
 have been Andrea Portilia ; but this is certainly veiy doubtful. On 
 the reverse of the first leaf, we read the 12 verses as in the preceding 
 edition. On the recto of the second leaf, the Thebais begins thus : 
 
 P. PAPINII. STATU. SVRCVLI. THEBAI. 
 DOS UBER PRIMVS INCIPIT; 
 
 RATERNAS Acies : al 
 ternaq; regna profanis 
 Decertata odiis : sontesq; 
 euoluere Thebas 
 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 There are very small blank spaces left between the several books, and 
 there is a blank space for the initial letter. A full page has 36 lines. 
 On the recto of the 139th leaf, the Thebais concludes, having beneath : 
 
 Deo gratias. 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, after 12 
 introductory verses, we read the opening of the Achilleis, thus : 
 
 P. PA. STATU ACHILLEIDOS LIBER . 1 , 
 
 AGNANIMVM Aeacidem : 
 formidatamque tonanti 
 Progenie : Xc patrio ue- 
 titani succedere cjelo 
 Sec. 8cc. Sec."
 
 Achilleis; 1472.] STATIUS. 369 
 
 On the recto of the 26th leaf, from its commencement, this latter 
 poem concludes thus : 
 
 Hactenus anno^ cornites elementa meoruni 
 
 Et memini : 8c niemisse iuuat. scit castera mater. 
 
 Aura silet. piippis currens ad litora uenit. 
 
 The reverse is blank. Lord Spencer draws a different conclusion from 
 my own, respecting the probable date of this iqipi'esbion. He con- 
 ceives it to be more ancient than the preceding one ; and that the 
 occasional various readings in the text, render' it probable that it was 
 printed from a MS. different from that of its precursor. There are 
 neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. The present is a 
 tolerably fair copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 441. Statius. Achilleis. Tf^ithout Name of 
 Printer or Place. 1472. Quarto. 
 
 Having noticed what is conceived to be an earlier impression of the 
 present poem than the one here under description, we proceed to an 
 account of what may be safely denominated the editio secunda of the 
 Achilleis. But before the description is entered upon, it may be necessary 
 to allude to a supposed contemporaneous impression, by Andreas Gallus, 
 at Ferrara, with the same date subjoined. This edition is briefly 
 mentioned by Audiffredi, in his Edit. Ital. p. 230, upon the authority of 
 AfiFo's Memorie degli Scrittori S^c. Parmigiani, vol. iii. p. 22. Audiffredi 
 himself had never seen it ; nor does Affo make any mention of it in his 
 account of a supposed Parma edition of the date of 1473 :* see his Tipo- 
 grajia Parmense, p. lv. What is yet more powerful testimony, BarufFaldi 
 passes it over in silence. Tipograjia Ferrarese, 1777, 8vo. I conclude, 
 therefore, that there is no such Ferrara edition in existence. In regard 
 to the supposed Parma edition of 1473, by Corallus, the note just 
 referred to may probably satisfy the reader of its non-entity. We now 
 return to the volume before us ; of the rarity and value of which 
 Count Reviczky speaks in warm but not disproportionate terms. On 
 the recto of the first leaf, the poem commences thus : 
 
 • This edition b noticed by Maittaire, vol. i. p. 3'29 ; and a curious colophon from it is 
 given both by Maittaire and De Bure ; vol. iii. p. 358. Atfo says,' Volie replicare anche 
 il de-Bure ; ma non senza qualche sproposito.' Tipog. Parmens. p. lv. 
 VOL. II. 3 B
 
 370 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \Achilleis ; 1472. 
 
 PAPINII STATU SVRSVLI ACHILLEIS 
 
 AGNANIMVM AEACIDEM FOR. 
 
 midatam que tonanti 
 
 Progeniem. k. patrio uetita succedere caelo 
 D iua refer, quaqua acta uiri multuni inclyta cantu 
 M oeonio : sed plura uacant ; nos ire per oninera 
 S ic amor est : heroa uelis : Scyro que latentem 
 D ulichia proferre tuba : nee in Hectore tracto 
 S istere . sed tota iuuenem deducere Troia. 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 24 lines. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor 
 catchwords ; and there is no break or distinction between the two 
 books. On the recto of the 24th and last leaf, the termination is as 
 follows : 
 
 H actenus armo^ coraites elemeta meow 
 
 H aec memini : %c merainisse iuuat scit caetera mater. 
 
 A ura scilSc. puppis currens ad littora uenit ; 
 
 On the reverse, in the centre, we read this colophon : 
 
 PAPINII STATU SVRSVLI 
 
 ACHILLEIDOS FINIS 
 
 M. CCCC. LXXIL 
 
 NICOLAO TRO 
 
 NO PRIN 
 
 CIPE 
 VENETIIS; 
 
 The type has a resemblance to that of Joim de Colonia. The mode of 
 printing the diphthong ae proves that it is neither Spira nor Jenson ; 
 but there is a greater appearance of the press of the latter, than of 
 the former, about it. Brunet has only a brief reference to Panzer, 
 who satisfies himself with Denis, p. 699, n°. 6233 ; in which latter 
 authority the description is brief but exact. The present is a desirable 
 copy, in red morocco binding.
 
 Silva; 1472.] STATIUS. 371 
 
 442. Statius. Thebais. TFilhout Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 There is a good account of this impression in the Cat. de la Valliere, 
 vol. ii. n°. 2545, which has been reprinted in the Introd. to4he Classics, 
 vol. ii. p. 232-3. This edition is there supposed to have been exe- 
 cuted at Milan in 1478. See too Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. n°. 4988. Mom- 
 BRITIU3 is the acknowleged editor of it. On the reverse of the first 
 leaf is a poetical address of Boninus Mombritius to Bartholomeus 
 Chalcus. On the recto of the following leaf (marked a i for a ii,*) 
 the Thebais begins ; having 34 lines in a full page. The signatures, 
 from a to s, are in eights : s has six, and t has five leaves. After 
 the conclusion of the Thebais, (similar to that of the edit. prin. ex- 
 tracted at p. 36'7 ante,) we read as follows : 
 
 Bon . Mombr . M . D . Barth . Calco . S . D . 
 
 Accipis impressam Beloueside Thebain uibe 
 O decus o uit£B spes nimis ampla meaj . 
 
 V iue memor nostri . nihilum iain quaerimus ultra: 
 Q uam Q^ sis nostri Bertholomae memor . 
 
 The reverse is blank. The present is a tall and elegant copy, in green 
 morocco binding. 
 
 443. Statius. Silv^. (^Supposed to have been 
 Printed hy Vindelin de Spira. Venice.^ 1472. 
 Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. We now commence our account of the editions 
 of the Silvce, of which the present is unquestionably the first. This 
 impression is incorporated in an edition of the joint works of Catullus, 
 TiBULLus, and Propektius ; which has been minutely described at 
 page 294-6 of the fii-st volume of this work. The proheme of Statius 
 commences on the recto of fol. 126', of the volume just referred to, in 
 the following order. 
 
 * The ne.\t two leaves are raaiked a ii and a iii, which ought to be a iii aud a iiiL
 
 S72 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [SUvcb ; 1472. 
 
 P. PAPINI STATU SVRCVLI SILVA 
 
 RVM LIBER PRIMVS. 
 
 PROHOEMIVM AD STELLAM. 
 
 IV MVLTVM QVE dubitaui 
 
 Stella iuuenis optime k, in studiis 
 
 nostris eminetissime: qua parte uo/ 
 
 d luisti : an hos libellos q^ raihi subito 
 
 8cc. See. Sec. 
 
 This proheme concludes at the 7th line, on the reverse of the leaf upon 
 which it commences. The text of the Silvce commences thus, on the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf : 
 
 In Equu Maximu Imp. Domici. 
 
 q VE SVPER IMPOSITO 
 
 moles geminata colosso 
 
 Stat latiu coplexa foru : cplone peractu 
 Fluxit opus : siculis an conformata caminis 
 EflSgies : lassum Steropera ; Brontemq; reliquit ? 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines. There is, as usual, a prose prefix to each 
 book. On the reverse of the 58th leaf from the commencement, the 
 text of the poet concludes ; to which is subjoined the following colo- 
 phon : as already printed in vol. i. p. 296. 
 
 P. Papini Statii Sjlua:^. Liber Vltimus. 
 Tabula librorum qui sunt in prpsenti uolumine. 
 Albius Tibullus elegiae Scriptor optimus. 
 Aurelius Propertius Beuanus. 
 Clarissimi poetp CatuUi Veronesis Epigrama. 
 Pub. Papinus. Statins Syluarura. 
 M.CCCC.LXXII. 
 For references to authorities, consult the pages before referred to.
 
 SilviBj 1475.] STATIUS. 373 
 
 444. St ATI us. Silv^e. Printed bij /. de Colonia. 
 Venice. 1475. Folio. 
 
 It is probably doubtful whether this, or the ensuing edition, were 
 the first published ; but as the present one is supposed to be a reprint 
 of its Venetian precursor, it is inserted in the present order. The 
 reader must however be told, that, like the preceding one, it is incor- 
 porated with an edition of C^i^tullus, Tibullus, and Propertius, of 
 the date of 1475, and is described in the first volume of this work, at 
 p. 297-8 : where also the colophon (at the conclusion of Tibullus) will 
 be found. It remains then only to give the following brief, but exact 
 account of it. On the recto of the 128th leaf, from the opening of the 
 volume, the proheme begins as before ; succeeded by the text on the 
 recto of the following leaf, thus : 
 
 In Equum Maximum Imp. Domici. 
 
 q VE SVPER IMPOSITO 
 
 moles geminata colosso 
 
 Stat latium complexa foi? : caelo ne p auras 
 F luxit opus : siculis an conformata caminis 
 E ffigies : lassum Steraepem : Brontemq; reliquit i^ 
 8cc. 'kc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines. The poem comprises 58 leaves, and is 
 without signatures, numerals, and catchwords. It terminates thus : 
 
 C ui nomen uox prima meum : ludusq; tenebo 
 R isus 8c e nostro ueniebat gaudia uultu. 
 P. Papini Statii SiluaB?. Liber Vltimus. 
 
 For authorities, see as above referred to.
 
 374 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ISilva ; 1475. 
 
 445. Statius. SiLViE : cum Commentariis 
 Calderini. Printed hy Pannartz, Rome, 
 1475. Folio. 
 
 We may begin our account of this very rare and estimable produc- 
 tion, by putting entirely out of the question a supposed impression of 
 the Works of Statius, of the same date; which Orlandi, De Bure, 
 Laire, and Panzer, have erroneously imagined to be in existence. 
 Audiffredi, and the researches of subsequent bibliographers, forbid 
 such a conclusion. This volume is amply and correctly described in 
 the Edit, Rom, p. 183-6 : but the ensuing account of jt may not be 
 unacceptable. On the reverse of the first leaf we observe a list of the 
 contents of the volume, which list is specifically given by Audiffredi. 
 This informs us that the impression comprehends, 1. The Sylvae : 
 2. The Commentaries upon them by Calderinus : 3. Commentaries 
 of the same upon the Sappho to Phaon : 4. Obscure passages of Pro- 
 pertius explained by the same : 5. Excerpts from the third book of the 
 Commentaries \ipon the Sylvae, relating chiefly to grammatical ques- 
 tions. The list is thus terminated : 
 
 Totiim opus quanti laboris fuerit ex rebus quas in eo 
 reperies : facile cognoscas : 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf is Calderinus 's prefatory address to 
 Augustinus Mapheus : 3 pages. On the reverse of the third leaf are 
 some verses, with this prefix : * Domitius Hortatur Statium Papiniura 
 ut redeat Neapolim in patria : vbi et blandietur Franciscus Aragonus 
 Regis. Ferd. F.' Beneath, are 25 verses — subscribed ' sotvkmo:' 
 The proheme of Statius commences on the recto of the following leaf, 
 followed by the Annotations of Calderinus, addressed to A. Mapheus. 
 The Greek type in this, and in other parts of the commentary, is 
 proportionably small with that of the commentary itself; but it par- 
 takes of the character of the large Greek type used by the same 
 printer. On the recto of the 6th leaf, from the beginning of the 
 volume, the text of the poem commences. Each book is followed by 
 the commentary. The text is in the usual large type ; the annotations 
 are in the small type : see p. 345 ante. A full page of the poetry has 
 35 lines. On the recto of fol. 137, we read this colophon :
 
 Silvce; 1475.] STATIUS. 375 
 
 DOMITII CALDERINI VERONENSIS 
 SECRETARII APOSTOLICI. SYLVA 
 RVM RECOGNITIO ET INTERPRE 
 TATIO : QVANTI LABORIS FVERIT 
 OPVS VIGILIARVM QVE BONORVM 
 IVDICIVM ESTO; VIRTVTI DATVM. 
 ET POSTERITATI ROMAE K. SEXTI 
 LIBVS. MCCCCLXXV. 
 
 A brief life of Statius is on the reverse. The remaining leaves are 
 devoted to the Opuscula before noticed, as described in the list on the 
 reverse of the first leaf of the volume. On the reverse of the last leaf 
 but one, we read these verses of Calderinus, and the subjoined im- 
 print : 
 
 Doniitius ad lectorem. 
 
 Sic milii peipetup coatingant murmura laudis. 
 
 Et bona post funus hora superstes eat. 
 
 Vt nostros cupio multis prodesse libellos. 
 
 Faraaq; non ullo tincta cruore placet. 
 
 Me legal inuitus nemo : non scripsimus illi. 
 
 Huic scripta est ; si quera pagina nostra iuuat. 
 
 . IMPRESSIT . 
 ROMAE AD AEDES MAXIMORVM. 
 
 ARNOLDVS PANNARTZ. 
 E GERMANIA IDIB. SEXTILIB. 
 
 ANNO A NATALI CHRISTIANO. 
 MCCCCLXXV. XYSTO. PONT. MAX. 
 
 A register occupies the recto of the ensuing and last leaf. In the 
 whole, 1G9 leaves. * Nunc (says the late Count Reviczky) de meritis 
 editionis aliquid dicturum. Editoris ipsius verba transcribemus, ex 
 quibus colligere liceat quantum ad auctoris textura emendandum, ad 
 ■sanas suspectasque lectiones discernendas, conferre possit :" " lUud 
 in primis (inquit Calderinus) reperies <i nobis obseruatum ut quotiens 
 carmen emendatione nostra secus scriptum est : quam in aliis codicibus : 
 id autem passim occuriet : in comentariis representauerimus priorera
 
 376 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1483. 
 
 scriptionem quam oog apifctpxoi ts xm KpniKoi o^eXi^o[ji,ev, et tanquam 
 falsam expungimus subiectis novae rationibiis: quas tibi in primia 
 probare cupio." A copy was in the Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. n°. 4986. The 
 present is a fair sound copy, in old red-morocco binding, with the 
 arms and cypher of prince Eugene ; being a duplicate from the 
 Imperial library at Vienna. 
 
 446. Statius. Opera. Printed hy Octavianus 
 Scotus. Venice, 1483. Folio. 
 
 This is the first edition of the works of Statius collected into one 
 volume: those impressions of the supposed dates of 1475 and 1476 
 being entirely fictitious. One source of the error of the supposed 
 edition of 1475, may have arisen from the subscription to the Silvae, 
 in the preceding edition, of the date of 1475, being literally reprinted 
 and subjoined to the text of the same poem in the present impression : 
 see the note in the Edit. Rom. p. 184. We may be brief, but particular, 
 in our account of this impression. TheThebais contains the commentary 
 of Lactantius. It commences on A ii, and ends Q vij : in eights. On 
 Q viij the Achilleis begins ; accompanied by the commentary of Fran- 
 ciscus Matakacius. On T vj, reverse, this poem ends. It is followed 
 by the commentary of Calderinus upon the Silvce ; beginning on 
 sign. a. The Silvee end on 1 iiij, in sixes ; having the date of that of 
 the Roman impression (before alluded to) subjoined : but a has 8 leaves. 
 The life of Statius is on the reverse. Then on m, rev. we have the 
 text of Ovid's Sappho to Phaon, surrounded by the commentary of 
 Calderinus. On n v, reverse, — in sixes — we read the colophon, thus : 
 
 Venetiis per Octauianu Scotu Mo 
 doetiesem. M CCCCLXXXIII. 
 Quarto nonas Decembris. 
 FINIS 
 
 A register is on the recto of the following and last leaf. The present 
 is a fair copy, in calf binding ; with a red morocco back.
 
 1494.] STATIUS. 377 
 
 447. Statius. Opera. Printed hy Jacohus de 
 Paganinis. Petiice. 1490. Folio. 
 
 This is an elegant reprint of the preceding edition. Seemiller, 
 Incunab. Typog. fuse. iv. p, 12, tells us, that there is a very accurate 
 description of it by Denis, in Garell. p. 138, &c.; but the ensuing may 
 suffice. The Thebais contains the commentary of Lactantius, the 
 Achilleis that of Mataracius, and the Sijlvee that of Calderinus. The 
 text of the poet is printed in a large round Roman type, the com- 
 mentary in a smaller one. The text of the Epistle of Sappho to Phaon 
 is also incorporated with the commentary upon it by Calderinus. The 
 signatures from a (a i blank) to p, are in eights : p has six, and q four 
 leaves. Then A (commencing with the Achilleis) to H, in eights ; 
 with the exception of B and C, which are in sLxes. From H to M, 
 inclusively, in sixes. N has five leaves. The colophon is at the bottom 
 of the register, in a corner, thus : 
 
 Impressum Venetiis Per Magistru 
 lacobum de paganinis brisiensis. 
 M. CCCCLXXXX. XXIIII. 
 
 Decembris. 
 
 FINIS 
 
 The present is a clean but cropt copy. It is in calf binding, with red 
 morocco back. 
 
 448. Statius. Opera. Printed hy B. Zanis de 
 Portesio. Venice. 1494. Folio. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf presents us with the contents of the 
 volume, thus : 
 
 Statii SylusB cum Domitii Commentariis. 
 Statii Thebais cum Lactantii Commentariis. 
 Statii Achilleis cum Maturantii Commentariis. 
 Domitii. 
 
 This title is on what should be sign, a i. The signatures from a to z, 
 are in eights : z has six : & and o eight ; and ^ nine leaves ; or ten, 
 
 VOL. II, 3 c
 
 378 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [rFithout Date. 
 
 including a blank one. On the reverse of ^ nine, we read the colophon, 
 thus : 
 
 Hoc per Bartholameum de Zanis de Portesio Veuetiis 
 impressum opus fceliciter explicit. 
 
 . M. cccc. Ixxxxiiii. Die. xv. Martii. 
 
 A brief life of Statins, and a register, are beneath. The capital initials 
 are, many of them, similar to those in the Silius Italicus, of which 
 there are fac-similes at p. 357 ante. The commentary is printed by 
 the side of the text. Panzer, vol. iii. p. 355, refers, among other 
 authorities, to the Bibl. Hoblyn, vol. i. p. 264 ; where I find this edition 
 to be the earliest one of Statins which the Hoblyn Collection contained. 
 The present is an indifferent copy, in calf binding. 
 
 449. Strabo. Latine. Printed hy Sweynheym 
 and Pannartz. Rome. Without Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The same reasons which justified Audiffredi in 
 assigning the date of 1469 to the Livy — described at p. 128 ante, 
 warranted him in affixing a similar date to the present impression. 
 The list of the printed works of Sweynheym and Pannartz, given by 
 these printers themselves, and noticed in vol. i. p. 160-1, strengthens 
 such conclusion of Audiffredi. Those therefore who will read the 
 Edit. Rom. p. 28-9, may observe with what severity, but justice, the 
 accurate author of that invaluable work comments upon the reasoning 
 of Maittaire — but more especially upoii the superficial observations of 
 De Bure, in the Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 22-3. From the list, just 
 noticed, it appears that there were only 275 copies of this magnificent 
 volume struck off: its rarity, therefore, is decisive. Whoever atten- 
 tively compares the typography of it with that of the subsequent 
 Roman edition of 1473, will readily acknowledge that the whole has 
 a neatness and freshness of appearance evidently indicative of the first 
 attempts of the press of the printers.* On the recto of the first leaf, 
 without any prefix, commences the prefatory epistle of the Bishop of 
 Aleria, thus : 
 
 * On consulting the Edit. Rom. at page 127, I find the neatness of the characters had 
 not escaped its attentive author: ' typus ija integer ac nitidus appareat, ut non sine 
 jucunditate a Bibliophilis spectari possit.'
 
 Rome; 1473.] STRABO. 37J) 
 
 [GJEog-raphia multos scripsisse nouimus Pater Beatissime 
 Paule. II. Sec. 
 
 From this preface we learn that the Latin version* is due to the labour 
 and care of Guarinus Veronensis and Gregorius Tiphernas The 
 preface is reprinted entire, with two additional epistles of Guarinus 
 Veronensis — one to Pope Nicolas V., the other to I. A. Marcellus — 
 in the Venetian editions of 1472 and 1494, and in the Treviso edition 
 of 1480. AudifFredi justly remarks thatQuirini has omitted a material 
 part of the preface in his Edit. Optim. Scriptor. p. 222-225. In this 
 edition, it concludes nearly at the bottom of the reverse of the 2nd 
 leaf: 
 
 Vale semp felicissime : scissimeq; ac placidissie potifex. 
 
 On the recto of the 3d leaf the proheme of the author commences. 
 The first section of the text begins thus : 
 
 [S} I ad philosophum alia pertineat ulla tractatio: 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 46 lines. Many Greek passages are inserted ; and on 
 the recto of the last leaf, beneath a table of the contents of the volume, 
 we read the well known poetical colophon of 8 verses. The reverse is 
 blank. See also Incunah. Typog.fasc. i. 19. The present is a tall and 
 fine copy ; but not free from stain. It is in russia binding. 
 
 450. Strabo. liatine. Printed hy Siveynheyrn 
 and Pannartz. Rome. 1473. Folio. 
 
 It is allowed that the present impression is a mere reprint of its 
 precursor; not, however, that it is an exact paginary reprint of it 
 throughout the volume — as Panzer would lead us to conclude. As no 
 bibliographer mentions a copy of it, in which the prefatory epistle of 
 the Bishop of Aleria (which is in the preceding edition) is to be found, 
 I conclude that the absence of such epistle, in the present copy does not 
 render the impression imperfect. The proheme of Strabo commences 
 thus, on the recto of the first leaf: 
 
 * ' Miniine in conteinptu habeudje sunt Gra-corum auctoruni versioncs quas laboribui 
 antiquorum typographorum debenuis. Codicuni Icctiones variantes a quibiis orta» sunt 
 frequenter servant, et interdutn loca qujedam quaj in scriptis hodie extantibus non inveniun- 
 tur, id quoJ IN Strabone accidisse dicitui".' Late Bishop of Ely; Ms. Memoranda.
 
 380 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fit. Cxs. 1470. 
 
 Vmmatim extra pbilosophiam non est : 8cc. 
 
 The following sub-title (wanting in the preceding edition,) is prefixed 
 to the first section of the work : 
 
 Strabonis Geographi Europe primus Commentarius. 
 
 The impression has, throughout, heads or prefixes to the several 
 chapters, for which spaces are left in the previous one. A full page 
 has 46 lines. On the recto of the 235th and last leaf, beneath 13 
 lines of text, we read the six colophonic verses as at p. 113 ante: 
 beneath which is the date, thus : 
 
 M. CCCC. LXX III. Die uero 
 Veneris. XII. mensis Februarii. 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The reader 
 may consult the Edit. Rom. p. 126-7 ; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 25-7 ; 
 and Panzer's Annal. Tijpog. vol. ii. p. 437, n°. 109. The present is a 
 fine large copy, with many rough fore edges. It is in old led morocco 
 binding. 
 
 451. Suetonius. De Vitis XII. Caesarum. 
 (^Printed hy Philip de Lignamine). Rome. 
 1470. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. We have here another (if not the first) mag- 
 nificent specimen' of the press of Philip de Lignamine, although his 
 name be not subjoined to the impression. The powerful reasons 
 adduced by AudiiFiedi in his description of the Editio Princeps of 
 Quintilian's Institutions — (which have been already laid before the 
 reader at p. 305-6, ante) together with a careful comparison of that 
 publication with the present one, render it almost indisputable that 
 i>oth these works issued from the press of P. de Lignaraine : — ' sunt 
 que eximia, et prima opera officinae Jo. Phil, de Lignamine' — are 
 the emphatic words of this last mentioned bibliographer. Edit. Rom. 
 p. 46. It follows, therefore, that the old school of bibliography, 
 including even Laire, were clearly in error in assigning the Quintilian 
 and the Suetonius, edited by Campanus, to the press of Ulric Han. 
 • Numquid ipsum [scil Udalricum Han] puduit eas editiones suas
 
 Home; 1470.] SUETONIUS. 381 
 
 profiteri, quae qiiamdiu vetus typographia apud mortales in honore 
 erit, tamdiu inter praestantiores semper habebuntur ? — concludes the 
 animated and indignant AudifFredi.' Well might Fossi (acceding fully 
 to the same opinion) thus commence his descripticm of tlie volume 
 before us : — ' Editione h^c vix elegantiorem reperies — elegantissimis 
 characteribus rotundis admodum conspicuis' &c. Bibl. Magliabech. 
 vol. ii. col. 0*24. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read the brief and prefatory letter 
 of Campanus to Cardinal Piccoloniini ; in which Campanus observes 
 that, ' he had read Suetonius when a boy — but of that, of which he 
 had formerly only tasted, he now enjoys an abundant draught.* No 
 notice is taken in it of any existing, or projecteil, edition. Indeed 
 this should seem very improbable ; since the. present one, although 
 printed in the same Dominical year, was put forth in the sixth year of 
 the Papacy of Paul II : and the ensuing one in the seventh year of the 
 same papacy. The epistle of Campanus, comprehending only 19 lines, 
 is printed entire (as.Audiffredi observes) in the works of Campanus 
 edited by Fernus in 1495, fol. xlv. This epistle is immediately suc- 
 ceeded by a table, referring to the folios in the volume, with the 
 following prefix : 
 
 Sequutur Rubrice libroruni p ordineni. 
 
 The table concludes on the reverse of the first leaf. The text of the 
 author commences on the recto of the ensuing leaf, thus : 
 
 Nnum agens C^sar sextudecimum Patre 
 amisit. Sequentibusq; consulibus flamendi 
 alis dcstinatus dimissa consutia qup fainilia 
 equestii sed admodum diues pr^textato 
 disponsata fuerat Coineliam Cinnp quatcr 
 consulis filiam duxit uxorem. Ex qua illi 
 8cc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor 
 catchwords. The Greek passages (in character precisely similar to 
 the fac-simile at p. 307 ante) are regularly printed. Tiie chapters 
 are uniformly destitute of titles, or heads ; and on the reverse of the 
 125th and last leaf, we read the colophon thus :
 
 382 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Fit. Cces. H70. 
 
 Cai Suetonii Tianquilli de. xii. C^sarum iiitis liber ultimiis 
 fpliciter finit. absolutus Romp in pinea regione uia pape 
 Anno a Christi natali. M. CCCC. Lxx. Sextili inese Pauli 
 autem Veneti. ii. Pont. Max. anno sexto. 
 
 This magnificent impression, which was neither in the Harleian nor 
 Pinelli Collections, is of very great rarity ; and was sold at the sale of 
 the Crevenna library for 500 florins; having brought 1340 livres at 
 the sale of the Valliere libi^ry. See the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. 
 237-8. The present is a fine large copy, although not quite free from 
 stain. It is in old red morocco binding. 
 
 452. Suetonius. De Vitis XII. Caesarum. 
 Printed by Sweynheym and Pannartz. Rome. 
 1470. Folio. 
 
 Editio Secunda. Before we describe the volume itself, it will be 
 necessary to notice two particulars relating to it ; one of which is 
 specified by Audiffredi, the other by both De Bure and Audifljedi. 
 First, this impression, although put forth subsequently to the editions 
 of Leo and Quintilian (according to the preface of its episcopal editor,) 
 is, nevertheless, noticed as a prior publication in the memorable list 
 by the printers themselves — so often referred to in this work : — ' quod 
 utrum casu, vel consilio factum fuerit, quis definire ualeat,' — savs 
 Audiffredi. In the second place, both De Bure and Audiffredi notice 
 the large ornamental capital initials, attached to side borders of a 
 similar character, with which this impression is adorned. * Hac fortasse 
 de causa, post nominatum Plinium, quo totius naturae mirabilia con- 
 tinentur, nostri typographi Suetonium ab ipsis excusura, ceu egregium 
 humanae industriae specimen, ob oculos Pontificis sistere congruum 
 esse duxerunt. 8ed haec est mera hariolatio.' Such is AudifFredi's 
 'conjecture' upon the subject: Edit. Rom. p. 65. De Bure was of 
 opinion (but erroneously) that these ornamental capitals and borders 
 were executed by means of metal. Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. v. p. 595, 
 n". 4919. I shall edeavour to prove that these ornaments were never 
 executed by Sweynheym and Pannartz. 
 
 The earliest introduction of such ornaments is, I believe, assigned 
 to Ratdolt, an ingenious printer at Venice ; whose Latin edition of
 
 Rome; H/O.] SUETONIUS. 383 
 
 Appian, of the date of 1477, exhibiting similar decorations, has been 
 described at p. 254 of the preceding volume of this work. Whether 
 the same printer made use of such ornaments before this period, I am 
 at present unable to determine: — but it is quite certain that in no 
 other publication of Sweynheym and Pannartz will such decorations be 
 found. And it is also equally certain, that there are copies of this 
 edition of Suetonius without such ornaments. His Lordship possesses 
 one of this description : a point, which is very material in the discussion 
 — and of which neither De Bure nor AudiflFredi appear to have been 
 informed. Yet more essential than either of the foregoing considera- 
 tions, is the following one. Upon a careful examination of the orna- 
 ments themselves, it is obvious that they were subsequentbj introduced, 
 and not worked with the body of the text. They are also most 
 irregularly executed ; and do not Jit the spaces which they were designed 
 to occupy. A comparison with other works, in which these decorations 
 are introduced, will shew, that the tops of the capital letters run in a 
 uniform line with the first line of the text : — here, they are above the 
 text — sometimes leaning to the left, and sometimes to the right — and 
 usually attached to the border in a very clumsy and unskilful manner. 
 I conceive, therefore, that those copies of this impression of Suetonius, 
 in which such capital initials appear, have been thus decorated by some 
 subsequent typographical artist — at least seven or eight years after 
 they had issued from the press of Sweynheym and Pannartz. It is 
 material to add, that the copy in this collection, divested of such orna- 
 ments, is lineally, verbally, and literally the same as that in which the 
 ornaments appear. We may now return to the impression itself. 
 
 The revese of the first leaf presents us with the brief address of the 
 Bishop of Aleria, in which Suetonius is called an author ' exquisitae 
 cognitionis.' The Bishop further remarks, that the printers had 
 applied to him to publish this author on their completion of Quintilian. 
 The existence of the opusculum ' De Viris illustribus,' by the same 
 writer, is acknowledged by the editor ; although a copy of it had never 
 been seen by him. The tract entitled ' De Rhetoribus et Grammaticis,' 
 is pronounced to be ' libellus dignus facile Suetonio.' This epistle has 
 only 23 lines. It is followed by the verses of Ausonius upon the author, 
 and upon his Lives of the Cesars : — terminated by the following date : 
 
 Tibi Pater Beatissime omnes uitam optat k. felicitate diu- 
 tissima Doniinici Natalis. M. CCCC. LXX. Pooti- 
 catus uero tiii. Anno VII.
 
 384 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [F^t. C<bs. 1471. 
 
 These occupy the first leafi and conclude on the recto of the second. 
 On the reverse of the second is the table, with this prefix : 
 
 Sequuntur Rubrice librorum per ordiaem. 
 
 On the recto of the third leaf, at top, it is thus : 
 
 C. Suetonii Tranquilli de duodecini 
 Cesaribus liber. C. lulii Cesaris uita. 
 
 Nnum agens Cesar sextumdecimu Patrem 
 amisit. Sequentibusq; consulibus Flamea 
 dialis destinatus dimissa cosutia que familia 
 equestri sed admodum diues pretextato di- 
 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 38 lines. The Greek passages are inserted ; and on the 
 recto of fol. 107 and last, we read the following date beneath 8 verses 
 of a poetical colophon : 
 
 . M. CCCC. LXX. 
 
 The titles to the chapters are in small, or lower-case letter. Consult 
 the authorities in the Inirod. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 238. The present 
 copy, with the ornamental capitals, is a very fine one, in red morocco 
 binding. That, without such ornaments, is an indifferent one. 
 
 453. Suetonius. De Vitis XII. Caesarum. 
 Printed hy lenson. Venice. 1471. Quarto. 
 
 Audiflfredi and Sardini correctly designate this volume as a quarto, 
 and not a folio — as De Bure has done. The account of the latter is, 
 it must be confessed, equally brief and barren. On the recto of the 
 first leaf, after five commendatory verses of Ausonius, we read as 
 follows : 
 
 CAII SVETONII TRANQVILLI DE VITA, XII. 
 CAESARVM LIBER PRIMVS DIVVS IVLIVS 
 CAESAR INCIPIT FOELICITER. 
 
 VLIVS CAESAR ANNVM AGENS 
 
 sextudecimum patrem amisit : sequentibusq;
 
 1471,1472.] SUETONIUS. 385 
 
 consulibus Bamendialis destinatus : dimissa 
 
 Cossutia quaj familia equestri sed admoduni 
 
 8cc, Sec. Xcc. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. The text is divided into sections as well as 
 into chapters ; and it terminates on the recto of the 162nd and last 
 leaf : followed by the verses of Ausonius (as in the preceding edition) 
 upon the Lives of the Caesars. On the reverse of the same leaf, 
 beneath the word FINIS, we read this quaint colophon : 
 
 H oc ego nicoleos gall us cognomine ienson 
 Impress!: mirae quis negSc artis opus ? 
 
 A t tibi dum legitur docili suetonius ore : 
 Artificis nomen fac rogo lector ames. 
 . M . CCCC . LXXI . 
 
 There are blank spaces for the insertion of the Greek passages ; which 
 may prove that the volume was published before the Tortellius of the 
 same date. This impression is executed in the usually elegant style 
 of Jenson's printing. I remember to have seen a fine copy of it — 
 * with illuminations, and the heads of the Twelve Caesars beautifully 
 carved in ivory, and inlaid on red velvet in the interior of the binding' — 
 which was sold at a public auction, in 1804, for 4il. There is pro- 
 bably a copy of this interesting volume upon vellum, in some hitherto 
 unsearched collection. The reader may consult the Edit. Rom. p. 65 ; 
 Storia Critica di Nicolao Jenson, lib. iii. p. 13 ; and Introd. to the 
 Classics, vol. ii. p. 238-9. The present is a large and rather fine copy : 
 in red-morocco binding. 
 
 454. Suetonius. De Vitis XII. Caesarum. 
 Printed hy Sweynheym and Pannartz. Rome. 
 1472. Folio. 
 
 Like Audiffredi, we may be brief in the description of this im- 
 pression. It is a complete reprint of its precursor, from the same 
 press. Like the second Roman Strabo, it seems to have been pub- 
 lished without the prefatory matter of the preceding edition ; as no 
 copy of it has yet been described which contains the preface of the 
 
 VOL. II. 3 s
 
 386- ANCIENT CLASSICS. [FeY. C(bs. 
 
 Bishop of Aleria. On the recto of the first leaf, at top, commence the 
 verses of Ausonius, as before. The reverse of this leaf presents us with 
 the table. On the recto of the second leaf, at top, commences the 
 text of the historian, which continues, precisely similar to that of the 
 foregoing impression, to the recto of the 106th and last leaf; where we 
 have six verses of colophon. Beneath is the imprint, thus : 
 
 M . CCCC . LXXII . 
 die XVII Septembris 
 
 The present is a sound copy, in green morocco binding. 
 
 455. Suetonius. Vit^ XII. Caesarum. TVithout 
 Name of Print ei^, Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is the impression which Laire properly designates as being 
 printed ' page for page, and line for line, after that of Jenson.* It was 
 probably published (as he supposes) not long after the appearance of 
 the Venetian impression of 1471. Laire calls the type ' neat and 
 round.' It has the aspect of an early Ferrara volume. There are 
 neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The same impression 
 seems to have been noticed by Maittaire, vol. i. p. 762 ; and by Rossi, 
 p. 71. as Panzer intimates. Annal, Typog. vol. iv. p. 197. Index Libror. 
 vol. i. p. 189, 190. The verses of Ausonius, in commendation of the 
 author, have this prefix : 
 
 AVSONII VERSVS. 
 
 Instead of the colophonic verses of Jenson, as given in the last page, 
 we have some tetrasticha in praise of the twelve Cesars, with the 
 following prefix ; 
 
 Tetrastica de cassaribus post Tranquillu. 
 
 having, at the termination, on the recto of the ensuing leaf from 
 which they commence, the word FINIS. Two brief biographies follow, 
 on the reverse of this leaf. Then another leaf, of which the recto 
 is blank, and the reverse contains the register. This latter (and not 
 unimportant) circumstance has escaped Laire. The present is a fair 
 copy ; in calf-binding.
 
 De Fir. Illust.] SUETONIUS. 387 
 
 456. Suetonius. De Viris Illustribus Without 
 Name of Printer, Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is a singular and rather interesting little volume. It is edited 
 by Petrus Melleus, and dedicated to Petrus Posterula ; each of them 
 residents, if not natives, of Milan ; and the latter, a Senator of the 
 same city. What is extraordinary, it exhibits the identical preface 
 which Caspar Lampugnanus prefixed to his own edition of the same 
 work, and dedicated to Boninus Mombritius. 1 he editions of Lam- 
 pugnanus and Melleus are each without a date ; and it may be doubtful, 
 therefore, which of these editors is to be taxed with plagiarism of no 
 ordinary occurrence. Saxius, as might be expected, is copious and 
 interesting: see the Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dcxiii, note o; where 
 a reference is made to a material antecedent passage, at p. dxlvii-viii, 
 note a. Saxius arranges the edition of Lampugnanus as the first ; but 
 adds that, to his knowledge, there is no other work extant with the 
 name of P. Melleus as the editor, or author, of it. ' Melleus was certainly 
 domesticated at Milan, when he dedicated this edition to Posterula 
 about the year 1480 : the latter dying about the year 1484, * honoribus 
 et sapientia clarissimus.' Panzer refers exclusively to Saxius. 
 
 The first leaf comprises the address of Melleus, as before described. 
 The second and third leaves are filled by a table. On the recto of the 
 fourth, we read the opening of the text thus : — which will remind the 
 reader of a similar commencement in the account of the editions of 
 Aurelius Victor — who is probably the genuine author of the work : see 
 Fabric. Bibl. Lat. lib, i. ch. vi., lib. ii. ch. xxiii., lib. iii. ch. ix. 
 
 SVETONIVS TRANQuILLVS 
 DE PRAECLARE GESTIS 
 ROIVTANORVM. 
 
 ROC A REX Albanoru 
 Amulium 8c Numitorem 
 filios habuit : quibus regnu 
 aonuis uicibus habendum 
 reliquit . iit alternis impe^ 
 8cc 8cc. 8cc.
 
 388 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [De Gram. 3fe. 
 
 A full page has 24 lines. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords. On the recto of the 32nd and last leaf, we read as 
 follows : 
 
 DE REBVS PRAECLARE GE 
 STIS VIRORVM ILLVSTRIVM 
 
 Romanas acies regu que illustria facta. 
 Si cupis hoc suas fac breue lector opus : 
 
 Quod breue sit quauis igetia podera reru. 
 Continet 8c ueteru fortia facta uirum. 
 
 The reverse is blank. This impression is justly attributed to the Milan 
 press, and is executed in the same type with which the Solinus, noticed 
 at p. 362 ante, is printed. A sound copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 457. Suetonius. De Grammaticis & Rheto- 
 RiBUS civARissiMis. Without Name of PrinteVy 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 There can be hardly any question but that the present elegant little 
 volume came from the ])ress of Jenson. This was the opinion of the 
 compiler of the Crevenna Collection ; {Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iv. p. 218, n°. 
 7335,) in which Sardini coincides, and assigns the date 'verso il 1471' 
 to the impression. Storia Critica di Nicolao Jenson, lib. iii. p. 20. It 
 is without signatures, numerals, and catchwords; and commences thus 
 on the recto of the first leaf : 
 
 SVETONII TRANQVILLI DE 
 GRAMMATICIS ET RETHORI 
 BVS CLARISSIMIS LIBELLVS 
 FOELICITER INCIPIT. 
 
 Rammatica Rornae ne in 
 usu quidem olim ne du in 
 g honore ullo erat. rudi. s. ac 
 
 bellicosa etiam tu ciuitate. 
 nee dum magnopere libe- 
 lee. Sec. &:c.
 
 Florencr; H78.] SUETONIUS. Sp., 
 
 A full pacro h:»s '21 lilies. On tlir ivvorsc of the i:,tl» uud lant loaf. :it 
 bottom, tlic text t« rininalcs (hiis; 
 
 be caiisis \)\\lc\' qnas mori dostinasset diu 
 flr inoiT conlioimiitis roddilis abslimiit 
 til>«». FINIS AMKN 
 
 The proacnt is rather u soiled <o|iy ; in Itlne niorooeo binding. 
 
 458. SuKTONius. Df. Claris Grammtvticis & 
 Rirr/roRiuus. Printed hij S. ./. l)v U'nmVi. 
 Florvnce. 147H. Qnar<<». 
 
 On the re<'<i» of the lirst IcmT, llw text bei:;inM thus : 
 
 c. sviyroNii . rK\N(,)\ illi . 
 i)K (.UAMiviAiK IS . i:r iniK 
 
 TOiniiVS. CLARIS. LiniOK . IN 
 CIPIT. 
 
 ^ U Ai\l\lAri('\. ROM A i<: 
 
 lie ill usu ({uidcMi oliit) iic dii in 
 iioiiore iillocnil: riuli scilicet uc 
 
 %n' . 'k.v . k.c. 
 
 This commencca on whut sh<inid In* si^n. a i. 'I"lic» »am(> «l|;fnaturp 
 reji^ularly follows: marked as tar as a vii, and eonrludiii^ tho volume 
 on tiic reverse of u xiv. — thus : 
 
 NIL. AIMPLIVS . RI.PrJM'l V K 
 
 LMPRllSSVM ILOinAIIAI-: A 
 I»VI) SAN( rVM lACOIU'M l)K 
 RlPULl . MCCCCLWVIII 
 
 The present iaabeantif\d copy, in russia Itindin;;. I'an/.er refers to 
 li»e Valliere and I'inelli CJatalof^ues. Aitunl. lypo^. v<d. i. p. KMi.
 
 SyO ANCIENT CLASSICS. 
 
 459. Symmachus. Epistol^ Familiares. TVith- 
 out Name of Printey', Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 Editio Princeps. This Impression is of considerable rarity. It was 
 unknown to bibliographers, till Morelli gave a particular and interest- 
 ing account of it, in the B'M. Pinell. vol. ii. n°. 3837. Panzer refers 
 to Denis, p. 672, n°. 5982, where the authority of fVeif is quoted. 
 Whether that and the present be the same impression, I cannot 
 determine; but it seems certain that no edition of the Epistles of 
 Symmachus was published in the XVth century — as the editor, Bar- 
 tholomeus Cynischus, from his prefatory address, appears to have put 
 forth the publication during the pontificate of Julius II.; which did 
 not take place till 1508. The very inscription or title to the present 
 edition may be thought to prove that no anterior one was in existence. 
 Yet on the authority of Juretus, (Miscell. ad Synimach. Epist. addit. 
 Edit. Paris, 1604, p. 7,) we find that this impression loses in intrinsic 
 worth what it acquires in rarity : ' immane quantum corrupta, con- 
 fusa, truncata' — are the words of Juretus. See the authority first 
 above quoted. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a, the title is thus: 
 
 SYMMACHI 
 
 SENATORIS ROMANI EPISTOLAE FA. 
 
 miliares | k. elegantissimae nunquam alias Impressae : 
 8c nouiter Per Bartholomaeum Cynischum Amerinum 
 ab inferis pene reuocatae. 
 
 Below, after a notice of what Procopius wrote concerning Symmachus, 
 we read as follows : 
 
 In Calce Epistola?? nonuUi Tractatus Vtilissimi 
 Impressi sunt. 
 
 The tracts alluded to, are these ; but in the present copy (which 
 was Pinelli's) no such tracts appear. * De Mensura Astrolabii : De 
 Statu Mundi : Mensura de Horologio : Ad inveniendum cuiuslibet rei
 
 Spira; No Date.] TACITUS. 391 
 
 altitudinem : Argumentum Quomodo niagnitudo terrae deprehedenda 
 sit: De Gnonionica Institutione, & Umbrarum discursu : Quotiens ia 
 leuca rotetur rota.' On the reverse of this first leaf is the address of 
 Bartholomaeus Cynbchus Amerinus, in 16 lines. On the recto of a 2, 
 is a poetical address from the same person, and a similar one from 
 Marcus Antonius Casanova in praise of Syramachus and of his editor 
 Cynischus. On the reverse are two more poetical addresses. Then an 
 entire blank leaf. The recto of the ensuing and 4th leaf is blank, and 
 on the reverse of it is the account of Procopius concerning the author. 
 On the recto of the 5th leaf, sign, b, commence the Epistles of Sym- 
 machus. A full page has 25 lines. There are two alphabets of sig- 
 natures ; each running in fours. The first alphabet is entire ; the 
 second extends to dd iiij ; on the recto of which we read this 
 subscription : 
 
 Epistolarum Symmachi Senatoris Romani 
 Finis. 
 
 The reverse is blank. This is rather an indififerent copy, in calf 
 binding, 
 
 460. Tacitus. Printed hy Vindelin de Spira. 
 fVithout Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps ; containing only the Six Last Books of the Annals, 
 and the first Five Books of the Histories. Jt has been the common opinion 
 of bibliographers that this very rare and valuable impression was the 
 first effort of the press of John de Spira ; but I incline to the opinion 
 of La Serna Santander, that it is, with greater probability, the earliest 
 production of the press of Vindelin de Spira — as, in one of the editions 
 of Cicero's Familiar Epistles, the former gives us to understand that 
 such edition was the ' primus labor' of his press: see vol. i. p. 321-2 : 
 also the Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi, vol. i. p. 177 ; vol. iii. p. 383. There is 
 another ground upon which such an opinion may be supported. The 
 manner of working the letter-press is different from that in the volumes 
 printed by the elder brother, John de Spira ; and the characters in 
 this volume have not that appearance of neatness and fi'eshness which 
 are observable in the acknowledged productions of J. de Spira. On 
 the other hand, it is remarked, that the catchwords, in this impression, 
 su-e no where repeated in the publications of V. de Spira ; but, for the
 
 392 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fFifhout Date. 
 
 same reason, J. de Spira himself was not the printer of the work, as 
 catchwords are not to be found in those productions to which his 
 name is subjoined. This argument, therefore, applies equally to both 
 parties. We proceed to the book itself. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf (in this copy superbly illuminated) we 
 read the following, without prefix : 
 
 AM Valerium Asiaticu bis consulem : fuisse 
 quonda adulteru eius credidit : pariterq; ortis 
 iahians quos ille a lucullo captos insigni ma^ 
 
 On the recto of fol. 151, the last of the Six Books of the Annals ends 
 at bottom, thus : ' 
 
 nauium magnitudine potiorera. 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the following leaf, the History 
 of the Manners and Customs of the Germans commences as follows : 
 
 Cornelii Taciti illustrissimi historici de situ morib' 
 8c populis Germanip libellus aureus. 
 
 g Ermania omnis a Gallis rhptiisq; 8c pannoniis: 
 Rheno: 8cDanubioflumIbus: asarmatis: dacisq; 
 
 A full page has 36 lines. On the reverse of the 8th leaf, this history 
 concludes with the word FINIS. Then a blank leaf. On the recto 
 of the ensuing one we read 
 
 Cornelii taciti equitis Romani dialogus de oratorib' claris. 
 
 This treatise contains 15 leaves. On the recto of the last leaf, we read 
 this memorable colophon : 
 
 Finis Deo laus 
 C^sareos mores scribit Cornelius, esto 
 
 Iste tibi codex : historic pater est. 
 Insigni quem laude feret gens postera : pressit 
 
 Spira premens : artis gloria prima sup.
 
 JVithout Date,] TACITUS. 393 
 
 The reverse i3 blank. Maittaire, vol. i. p. 283, note 2, has assigned 
 the date of 1468 to this impression, on the authorities of Chevillier 
 and Naudaeus. These authorities, however ingenious and respectable, 
 are not of sufficient weight to justify such a conclusion ; especially if, 
 (as it is presumed to be, before shewn to the contrary,) Vindelin de Spira 
 were the genuine printer of this edition. De Bure, Bibliogr. Instruct. 
 vol. V. p. 582, is copious and satisfactory ; except that he is a little' 
 confused concerning the priority of the present work, and that of the 
 Familiar Epistles of Cicero — both of them, in his opinion, executed by 
 J. de Spira. Seemiller is rather full and particular, noticing a few 
 discrepancies in De Bure; Incunab. Typog. fasc. i. p. 9-10. Denis 
 (whose brochure concerning John de Spira should be in the library of 
 every bibliographer) thus observes of the colophon — ' quera, an 
 Johannes etiamdum vivens, an ab ejus subita morte Wendelinus fiater 
 vulgaverit, hie quidem in medio relinquam.' What he adds, is in- 
 serted in the note belovv.* Upon the whole, I incline to believe that 
 this edition is the typographical workmanship of V. de Spira ; and, 
 as such, and being the earliest production of his press, we may conclude 
 it to have been executed quite at the commencement of the year 1470. 
 Lichtenberger is not particularly instructive. Init. Typog. p. 162. In 
 regard to the intrinsic excellence of this impression, the reader, on con- 
 sulting the authories noticed in the Introd. to the Chtssics, vo\ ii. p. 246, 
 
 * After stating the colophon, Denis continues — ' Viden/ ait, [Heinecken] ultimis hujus 
 Epigramnialis verbis dubiura fieri, an Cxceronis Epistolie, an vero Tacitus labor primus Spi- 
 rensis fuerit ? Addit, hunc nodum hactenus a nemine solvi jwtuisse. Solvam fortassis ego, 
 et quidem e poetics locutionis indole, latineeque constructionis regulis. Impressit a. 
 MCCCCLXXIII. Parmae Petrarchae Triumphos Andreas Portilia. Epigramma subjunctum 
 ita fiuit : 
 
 Haec nam dedalicus posuit portilia parm» 
 Andreas : pati'ia; gloria magna suae. 
 
 Quid censes, Lector ? An editio Petrarchae est patrue gloria magna sme, an vero Impressor 
 Portilia? Portiliam innuis, illudque, patria: gloria magna sua:, Appositum poeticum vocas, 
 ut Virgilianum illud, quod tenes a scholiis: gemiiii, duo fulmina belli, Scipiadae, (/Encid. 
 lib. vi) omisso nempe relative pro, qui est gloria magna suee; neque enim, si de Editione 
 sermo esset, latinum foret : Htec posuit Portilia gloria magna, sed gloriam magnam dici 
 oporteret. Age nunc, et Parma transgressus, Venetias Spirensem paiiter expedi. Nam 
 sive totum posterius Distichon ad ilium traxeris, quod potes, sive extrema : Pressit Spira 
 premens : artis gloria prima sua, non Taciti editionem, sed Taciti Editorem artis su<e primam 
 Venetiis nerape, gloriam pronuntiabis, ant primam, quod baud iufrequens Latinis, prima- 
 riam, excellentem, singularem interpretaberis.' Denis; Suffragium pro Jolianne de Spira 
 Primo Venetiarum Typographo, 1794, 8vo. p. SJ3-5. 
 VOL. II. 3 B
 
 394 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fVithout Date. 
 
 will find it to be equal to its extreme rarity. The present is a fine copy, 
 in old red-morocco binding ; being a duplicate from the collection of 
 Prince Eugene. 
 
 461. Tacitus. TVithout Name of Printer, Place, 
 or Date. Folio. 
 
 It would be no veiy violent impeachment of the judgment of a 
 bibliographer, if he conceived this impression to have been executed 
 at a Venetian press ; — and even if Jenson himself were deemed to be 
 the printer of it. There is a manifest similarity between the types of 
 this edition and those of the last mentioned printers ; but the residence 
 of the editor of it, Franciscus Puteolanus, at Milan, and the assertion 
 by him, that he had procured the aid of Bernardus Lanterius, ' the 
 most learned of the Milanese' — and had, in consequence, delivered it 
 ' to their printers' — render it exceedingly probable that the publica- 
 tion was executed at Milan. Count Reviczky thought that it was 
 printed in 1480. Ernesti conceived that the Life of Agricola was hei*e 
 for the FIRST TiM,i published; 'and if the edition of the Panegyric of 
 Trajan by Pliny, of the supposed date of 1476 — in which appears ano- 
 ther Life of Agricola — have a false date subjoined, (see p. 226-8 ante,) 
 such conception is sufficiently accurate ; although the Count was of a 
 different opinion. PineUi had a strange notion that the volume was 
 executed in 1495 : MS. Reviczky. Brotier had a high opinion both of 
 its rarity and of its intrinsic value ; observing — ' sumiimm debet esse 
 apud literarum amatores hujus editionis pretium, quam miror librorura 
 rariorum indagatoribus fuisse incognitam.' Prcef. Taciti. edit. 4to, 
 1771. See also Ernesti, Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 392. Panzer refers only 
 to Maittaire and Saxius ; of whom it seems pretty obvious that the 
 latter had a fuller knowledge of it than the former. See Maittaire's 
 Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 752, note 1: Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dcxii, 
 note (e.) The late Bishop of Ely thought it was executed between the 
 years 1477 and 1480, at Milan, by the same printer who put forth the 
 ' Panegyrici Veteres et Dictys Cretensis,' in 1477. He adds—' Raritate 
 vel Spirensem superat.' The contents of the volume will be seen from 
 the following description of it. 
 
 The whole of the first leaf is occupied by the address of F. Puteo- 
 lanxis to Jacobus Antiquarius. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, a i, 
 we read as follows :
 
 rVithoiif Date.] TACITUS. 395 
 
 CORNELIITACITI HISTORIAE AVGVSTAE. LI.XI. 
 ACTIONVM DIVRNALIVM. 
 
 Am Valerium Asiaticum bis consulem fuisse 
 quodam adultcB? eius credidit: pariteiq; hostis 
 Sec. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 37 lines. ITiere are head titles to the several chapters. 
 The XXIst book of the Annals ends on the reverse of x vj. On the 
 recto of z (i,) begins the Dialogue concerning the Ancient Orators, &c. 
 with this prefix : 
 
 CORNELIITACITIAEQVITISROMANIDIALOGVS 
 AN SVI SAECVLI ORATORES ANTIQVIORIBVS 
 ET QVARE CONCEDANT. 
 
 This concludes on the recto of & vij, wnth the word FINIS : the reverse 
 being blank. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, irregularly marked y, 
 the treatise concerning the Manners of the Germans has this prefix: 
 
 CORNELII TACITI ILLVSTRISSIMI HISTORICI 
 DE SITV MORIBVS ET POPVLIS GERMANIAE 
 LIBELLVS AVREVS. 
 
 ending on the reverse of y ix. On the following leaf, sign. A, the 
 Life of Jgricola commences thus : 
 
 IVLII AGRICOLAE VITA PER CORNELIVM 
 TACITu EIVS GENERVMCASTTSSIME COMPOSITA. 
 
 Larorum uirorum facta moresq; posteris tra 
 dere antiquitus usitatum : ne nostris quidem 
 temporibus : quanq icuriosa suorum aEtasomi 
 sit: quotiens magnaaliquaacnobilisuirtusui 
 &:c. ice. 8cc. 
 
 This biography, which is the editio princeps of the work, occupies 
 11 leaves ; ending on the recto of B v, with the word FINIS beneath. 
 The signatures of this edition are not a httle capricious and irregular. 
 They run thus : a has 7 leaves, exclusively of the first leaf, containing 
 . the epistle of Puteolanus : b, c, and d, have each 8 leaves : e to i,
 
 396 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Without Date. 
 
 inclusively, are in sixes. K to t (having Arabic numerals on the first 
 four leaves of each signature,) are in eights : t to z (omitting y,) have 
 each 6 leaves : then z and &, in eights : next, y with 9 leaves : lastly, 
 A, 6 — and B, 5 leaves. The date of this uncommon edition is probably 
 as early as the year 1475. The present is, upon the whole, a very fair 
 copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 462. Tacitus. Vita Agricolje. TVithout 
 Name of Printer , or Place. 1476. Quarto. 
 
 As this impression forms a part of the volume of Pliny's Panegyric of 
 Trajan, of the supposed date of 1476 — which latter has been already 
 pretty fully discussed, see p. 2'26-8 ante — it is only necessary here to 
 remark, that it begins on the reverse of signature f 4 of the volume 
 just referred to. The commencement is thus: 
 
 IVLII AGRICOLE VITA PER CORNELIVM TA 
 CITVM EIVS GENERVM CASTISSIME COM 
 
 POSITA. 
 
 LARORVM VIRORVM facta moresq; 
 
 c posteris tradere antiquitus usitatum : ne no 
 
 stris quidem temporibQ: quanqicuriosa suo 
 
 rum aetas omisit : quotiens magna aliqua ac 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. The biography comprehends 13 leaves ; ex- 
 clusively of the half leaf upon which it begins, and the recto of u ii 
 upon which it terminates. In red morocco. 
 
 463. Tacitus. Germania. Without Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This is the edition which Morelli, upon the authority of Audifiredi, 
 attributes to the press of Gensberg of Rome. Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 102. 
 Ijt is certainly the production of this printer, or of Schurenner ,• and 
 whoever examines the note of Audififredi, at p. 393, Edit. Rom., will 
 see upon what slender and doubtful evidence the distinction between
 
 Without Date.l TACITUS. 397 
 
 these printers is marked. The letter, used by each, is allowed to be 
 precisely similar ; which an examination of the volumes respectively 
 executed by these printers, in this Library, will confirm. Schurenner 
 is said to have used the oblong line, obliquely introduced, to divide his 
 final vowels ; but Gensberg never used such mark in his most dis- 
 tinguished works of the year 1474. Audiffredi admits that * segerrime 
 alter ab altero distingui possit :' p. 385, 393, note (1.) It remains 
 briefly to describe the volume. On tlie recto of the first leaf we read 
 the opening, thus : 
 
 CAI . CORNELII . TACITI . EQVITIS 
 RO . GERMANIA . INCIPIT. 
 
 ERMANIA OMNIS A GALLIS. 
 
 Rhetiisq; et Pannoniis . Rheno et 
 
 Dannubio flumiiiibus . A. Sarmatis 
 
 dacisq; mutuo metu aut montibus se 
 
 &:c. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 28 lines, and the impression comprises 16 leaves. There 
 are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. On the recto of the 
 16th and last leaf, after 8 lines of text, we read : 
 
 . Deo Gratias. 
 The present is a neat copy, in calf binding. 
 
 464. Tacitus. Germania. Supposed to be 
 Printed hy Creussner. Without Place or Date. 
 Folio. 
 
 This thin but tall volume affords a beautiful specimen of early 
 printing; the execution of it being given, Avith one consent, to 
 Frederick Creussner — who exercised the typographic art at Nuremberg 
 during the X Vth century. The type is elegant and proportionate ; 
 partaking, in character, of that of Lucas Brandis, of Koeburger, and 
 of the large Gothic type of Gering, Crantz, and Friburger. The pre- 
 sent copy of this rare volume is an extremely beautiful one ; presenting 
 us, on the recto of the first leaf, with the commencement of the text, 
 thus: 
 
 €ai. €ormUi €actti. dSquiti^ Ho* 4Betmama inctpit.
 
 398 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera j 1515. 
 
 A full page has 33 lines ; and on the recto of the 11th and last leaf — 
 in the same line with the last line of the text (being the 16th), we 
 read as follows : 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. Seemiller, 
 Incunab. Tijpog. fasc. ii. p. 151, is brief but satisfactorj' ; although I 
 cannot agree with him that the paper is ' minus firma.' The present 
 desirable copy is in russia bmding. 
 
 465. Tacitus. Opera. Printed hy S. G. de 
 Lothoringia Tullensis. Rome. 1515. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps of the first Five Books of the Annals. These 
 Books were procured through the munificence of Pope Leo X. from 
 the Abbey of Corvey, in Westphalia, at a considerable expense. The 
 editor of the impression was the Younger Beroaldus. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, nearly in the centre, we read the title and privilege, thus : 
 
 .P. CORNELII TACITI LIBRI 
 
 QVINQVE NOVITER IN 
 
 VENTI ATQVE CVM 
 
 RELIQVIS EIVS 
 
 OPERIBVS 
 
 EDITI . 
 
 Ne quis intra decennium presens opus possit 
 alicubi impune imprimere aut impressum ven:? 
 dere grauissimis edictis cautum est. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The second leaf, and half of the third, are 
 occupied by the prefatory address of the editor, to Pope Leo X. On the 
 reverse of the third leaf, is an ' Admonition to the Reader,' which is 
 worth inserting in the note below.* The first of the newly-discovered 
 Books of the Annals commences thus, on the recto of fol. 4. 
 
 • PH. BEROALDVS AD LECTOREM. 
 
 Sed Quoniam vetus Codex, vnde hunc ipsum describendum 
 atq; inuulgandum curaui, pluribus mendis scatet, aequum videtur 
 Lectorem in primo quasi operis limine consilii mei, quo in hoc
 
 Opera; 1515.] TACITUS. yyj 
 
 RBEM ROM AM A PRIN^ 
 
 cipio Reges habuere. Libertatem, k Cosu 
 
 lata. L, Brutus instituit. Dictatura ad tern:; 
 
 V pus surpebantur. Neq; TribunorQ mili^ 
 
 The folios are numbered as far as the conclusion of these First five 
 Books, which have the following subscription : 
 
 P. COR. TACITI LIBER QVINTVS 
 
 FINIT AD LAVDEM OMNIPOTENTIS 
 
 DEI ET LEONIS . X. PONT . MAX. 
 
 The corrections and annotations of Beroaldus occupy the next 3 pages. 
 On the recto of sign. O, we have the prefatory address of Puteolanus, 
 prefixed to the Xlth and following Book of the Annals ; the interven- 
 ing books never yet having been discovered. On the reverse of NN iiii, 
 the XXIst book terminates thus : 
 
 Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri. xxi. imperfecti Ic re^ 
 liquorum qui ad banc diem reperiuntur Finis. 
 
 The tracts De Moribus Germanorum, and Dialogus de Oratoribus Jntiquis, 
 &c. succeed ; the latter concluding on the reverse of QQ vj. The Bull 
 of Pope Leo X., dated November 1514, occupies the whole of the 
 following leaf; and the 'Errors of the Press,' with a register beneath, 
 are seen on the recto of the ensuing leaf: — QQ viii. The register 
 informs us that in the two sets of alphabets, the whole of the first is in 
 sixes, except A, which has eight ; and M and N, which have only four 
 and two leaves. In the second set, they are all sixes but QQ, which 
 has eight. The imprint, beneath, is as follows : 
 
 toto negotio sum vsus, adnjonere. Naq; errores qui poterat nulla 
 temeritatis nota emeudari, consultis primo nonnullis eruditis & 
 acris iudicii viris correxi. At quje loca in se maiorem in corrij 
 gendo difficultatem habere videbantur, sicut erant roliqui, ap» 
 positis interiori nuirgini stellulis quae vitiosum codicem testareu- 
 tur. Sepxjsuimus vero iibellum iu calce Quinti libri in quo per 
 DumeruiD chartarum stellulam ipsam cum suo numero tanquam ad 
 causam diceudam in iudicium vocamus. Ibi dum Lector aut du> 
 bitationem aut opiuionem nostram audiet, vel sentetiam appro:> 
 babit rneam, vel meliorem ipse afferet.
 
 400 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1515. 
 
 P. Cornelii Taciti Equitis Ro. Historiarum libri quinq; 
 nuper in Germania inuenti ac cum reliquis omnibus eius 
 operibus qu^ prius inueniebat Romp impressi p Magistrum 
 Stephanum Guillereti de Lothoringia Tullefi. dioc. Anao . 
 M. D. XV. Kl'. Martii Leonis. X. Pont. Max. anno 
 secudo. 
 
 On the reverse of this leaf we have the Papal arms of Leo, and that 
 Pontiff's offer of remuneration to those who should discover ancient 
 works not hitherto edited — thus : 
 
 
 H 
 
 P 
 
 
 «|^^^^^H| 
 
 
 ^jI^^^^ 
 
 ^i 
 
 
 K^^P 
 
 9 
 
 
 K# #^ 
 
 M 
 
 
 p/# #^ 
 
 ^P 
 
 88X5*^^ 
 
 ^^#^^ 
 
 ^y 
 
 Hg^g 
 
 B^ 
 
 i 
 
 Nomine Leonis . X. Pont. Max. pro^ 
 
 posita sunt premia non mediocria 
 
 his qui ad eum libros veteres 
 
 neq; hactenus editos 
 
 attulerint. 
 
 +
 
 mthout Date.'] TERENCE. 40 1 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf, sign. A, begins the Life of Agrkola ; 
 which concludes the volume on tiie reverse of the loth leaf from the 
 commencement of the same biography; with the word FINIS. The 
 Life contains but one signature, which has 10 leaves. It seems pro- 
 bable, from the appearance of the press- work, :ind tVom tlie colophon 
 having preceded the biography of Agricola, that the latter was printed 
 subsequently to the execution of the foregoing portions of the volume, 
 as a separate work. The reader may be plea'^cd to consult the Introd. 
 to the Classics, vol, ii. p. 247, for some intelligence relating to this 
 impression, not altogether uninteresting. The present tine copy was 
 ^ in the La Valliere Collection ; and is in red morocco binding. 
 
 466. Terentius. (^Supposed to have heen priiited 
 hy Mentelin, at Strasbourg.^ Without Date. 
 Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Twelve years ago* I remember to have expe- 
 rienced very great difficulty in ascertaining what bibliographers had 
 considered to be the first impression of this popular author; nor is 
 such difficulty entirely removed at the present period. Perhaps the 
 point can never be satisfactorily adjusted. It will, however, be 
 necessary to preface the present order of arrangement by a few 
 observations. 
 
 Various dateless editions may be said to contend for the priority. 
 Of these, we may formally notice the present one, by Mentelin .• a 
 second, by P. de Lignamine ; a third, by George Later — which two 
 latter are described in the Edit. Rom. p. 412, but not with copiousness; 
 or with the satisfaction usually derivable from the descriptions of 
 AudiflFredi: — a fourth is from the press of Gering, Crantz, and Fri- 
 burger : a fifth (the third in the present order) is executedin a rude 
 Roman type, and unlike any other with which Lord Spencer or myself 
 are acquainted : a sixth, evidently executed in the Sortensian Monastery; 
 and a seventh, recently discovered, said to be executed in the large 
 Gothic type of Fust and Schoeffer. There are unquestionably other 
 
 • Introd. to the Knowledge of Rare and Valuable Editions of the Greek and L<itin Clatsict, 
 Glocesttr, 1802, li^mo. p. 46. 
 
 VOL. II, 3 F
 
 402 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 
 
 ancient, and hitherto superficially known, impressions of Terence.* The 
 Chevalier d'Elci makes mention of fifteen dateless editions, in the 
 whole, without signatures and catchwords ; of which number he 
 describes himself (in one of his letters to his Lordship) to be in the 
 possession of twelve. 
 
 Laire has satisfactorily shewn that this first impression was 
 executed by Mentelin, at Strasbourg. His description of it, although 
 not so particular as is the present one, is copious and satisfactory 
 —concluding thus — * banc principem editionem eamque circa annum 
 1468, prodisse, affirmare vix dubito.' Index Libror. vol. i. p. 51-4. 
 The description of Laire was copied into the Diet. Bibliogr. Hist, et 
 Crit. vol. iv. p. 404, by the younger Brunet, who edited this ivth 
 volume, and who abridged the same account in his Manuel du Libraire, 
 
 * The supposed impression of 1470, is nothing more than that of Zarotus, of 1481 ; 
 some one having scratched out the last figures XI : so that the date stands M.CCCC.LXX, 
 instead of M.CCCC.LXXXI. Lord Spencer has clearly ascertained this; and made a note 
 of it in the copy of the edition which is in the library of the Earl of Pembroke. This very 
 copy has been mentioned by the old bibliographers. Palmer sa\v it, and notices the volume as 
 containing signatures ; a decisive proof against the genuine date of 1470. Hist, of Printing, 
 1733, 4to. p. 54, note 1. Meerman abruptly says ' whether tlib be true or not, let those 
 examine who are in possession of the edition.' Orig. Typog. vol. ii. p. 28, note s. Mait- 
 taire, vol. i. p. 290, has given the colophon of it, as if it were with the genuine date of 
 1470. Saxius seems to rest contented with Maittaire, and with the testimony of a uoble 
 Mend, who, during his residence in London, saw this volume in Lord Pembroke's library. 
 Hist. Lit. Typog. Medial, p. dlix, note (d). Schelhom has adopted this erroneous date j 
 and Mr. Willet seems indirectly to accede to its genuineness. Amxnitat. Literar. vol. ii. 
 p. 331 ; Archaologia, vol. xi. ' Essay on the Origiri of Printing.' 
 
 ' The Bipont editors mention an edition of Terence of the date of 1469, on the authority 
 of Westerhovius ; but no library is referred to in which such edition is stated to exist : and 
 Bishop Hare, in the preface to his edition, is of opinion that such date was written by some 
 one.' hitrod. to the Classics, 1808, vol. ii. p. 259, note. We may safely conclude that 
 editions, with such dates, are entirely supposititious. 
 
 One word more concerning another supposed early edition. In the Bibl. Petav. et 
 Mensart. 1722, no. 1297, there is an impression professed to liave been printed in 1469; 
 ■which was bought for the Earl of Sunderland for 499 florins ; but which, says Meerman, 
 ' non sine indignatione inspexi.' Orig. Typog. vol. ii. p. 243, note s. This edition is, there- 
 fore, entered erroneously into the ms. catalogue of the Blenheim Library with tiie date of 
 1469 subjoined. It seems however that these two latter editions are one and the same. Count 
 Reviczky had seen the copy in the Marlborough Collection ; and from his MS. Memoranda 
 we learn that the date is not in ms. but in print — made to imitate the characters of the 
 edition. In short, this impression is no other than the one above described to have been 
 printed in the Sohtensian Monastery— to which, as the reader will observe, no printed 
 date whatever b affixed.
 
 fFithout Date.'] TERENCE. AOi 
 
 vol. ii. p. 544. The copy described by Laire, as being in the collection 
 of the Cardinal de Lomenie, was sold at the sale of the Cardinal's 
 library for IIGO livres. This impression was wholly unknown to 
 Maittaire, De Bure, Audiffredi, and Braun. Panzer refers only to 
 Laire. We shall presently describe it with minuteness. 
 
 The edition supposed to have been executed in the Sortensian 
 Monastery, has every appearance about it of extreme antiquity, as the 
 reader will particularly remark in the ensuing account of it. It is 
 executed in the same ty})e with which the Comedies of Aretinus, of the 
 date 1478, are printed, (see fac-sin)ile of the latter, in the subsequent 
 volume of this work :) and to which the subscription of the Sortensian 
 Monastery is subjoined.* But does it hence follow that the Comedies 
 of Terence were printed in that Monastery before those of Aretinus ? I 
 answer, that the art of printing, when introduced into monasteries, 
 was introduced at an early date ; witness, the works in the Soubiaco and 
 Etisebian Monasteries, as noticed in vol. i. p. 194, 204. Yet in con- 
 formity with received opinions, and from a deference to that of the 
 Noble Owner of this copy in particular, the Sortensian edition is here 
 placed after that of the date of 1474. 
 
 The fourth and fifth impressions before noticed, will be found 
 fully described as the second and third in the present order. In regard 
 to the seventh, supposed to have 'been printed in the office of Fust 
 AND ScHOEFFER, wc may be allowed to submit the following further 
 preliminary remarks. 
 
 Brunet, in his Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 543, and in his Catalogue 
 du Cabinet de M***, p. 151, n°. 834, 1811, 8vo., describes this edition 
 as the production of Fust and Schoeffer. The volume is composed of 
 97 leaves, and has 34 and 35 lines in the fuller pages. It commences, 
 on the reverse of the first leaf, with a life of Terence, and the metrical 
 order in each comedy is strictly observed. The type, as before noticed, 
 is precisely similar to that with which the Mentz Bibles of 1462 and 
 1472 are executed. Brunet observes that the impression ' pent 6tre 
 regard^e, avec beaucoup de fondement, comme la premi»>re de ce 
 pofete.' He adds that 'a lucky chance brought it to the knowledge of 
 M. Dourches, an amateur, residing at Nancy ; who communicated it 
 to him '—and says, that ' it had escaped the researches of all bil)lio- 
 graphers.' We now reach the chief point at issue. I contend, from 
 
 • It must however be admitted that tlie comedies of Terence and of Arctin form 
 •ne volume in the Bihl. Hurl. vol. i. p. 171.
 
 404 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 
 
 tliis description, that the edition by Fust and Schoeffer is posterior to 
 four, at least, of those here noticed as preceding it. My reasons are 
 these. All tlie editions, just briefly described, are without a life of 
 Terence, and pay no attention to metrical order* This may be thought to 
 prove that there was less care, research, and regularity, in the compila- 
 tion of these editions ; and therefore there may be a probability of their 
 superior antiquity. The biography of the poet, and an attention to hia 
 metre, seem to indicate an improvement adopted by Fust and Schoeffer, 
 in consequence of the palpable inconvenince of preceding impres- 
 sions, by not having attended to such regulation. In respect to the 
 supposed year of its execution, arising from a consideration of the type, 
 we may remark, that the date of 1472 is as applicable to the Meutz 
 edition as that of 1462 ? ! t As to its intrinsic value, Brunet admits 
 that ' he has compared it with those of a modern date, and found a few 
 trifling variations only, connected with the transpositions of words or 
 verses.' He says, however, ' that the metre is, in some places, very 
 negligently observed.' Manuel du Libraire, vol. ii. p. 543-4. We now 
 return to the impression by Mentelin, here still considered as the 
 Editio Princeps. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf we are presented with the following: 
 
 Ij^uWy €ttmti} %f^ti jroete comici cometiiam lihtt 
 incipit feliciter, 
 
 ^Pfiitapljtum tcrentij 
 |5atUi0f in txtei^i^ tctti^ cartagiiii^ alte 
 iHonianiief tiuciliii^ Mixta pretia fiii 
 ^c^crip^i morc^ Ijoniinum iimcnuniq; jefcnumq; 
 <©ualitci: & ^tmi bccipiant tiomino^ 
 OSuiti nicrctrir quib kno tioli^ confingat auatu.s? 
 ^tt quicumi; icgit ^it piito tantu^ txit, 
 
 * The Abbe Rive, in his reply to some observations of Maugerard, mentions five dateless 
 editions witliout distinctions of verses; but his mode of referring to them is confused and 
 unsatisfactory. He conceives, however, that the edition mentioned in the Bibl. Hohmdorf. 
 pt. i. p. 212, no. 1376 — ' Parisiis in vico Sancti lacobi sub signo Viridis Follis' — was exe- 
 cuted by Caesaris (& Stol), and was unknown to La Caille, Maittaire, and Orlandi. La 
 Chasse aux Bibliographes, p. 9-11. 
 
 + Are the Parisian bibliographers quite accurate in their conclusions about the type ? 
 And how comes the device of the above printers to have been omitted .'
 
 mthout Date.] TERENCE. 405 
 
 Tlie argument and prologue of the Andrui ensue ; the latter conclud- 
 ing nearly half way on the reverse of this first leaf. The first scene of 
 the play commences thus : 
 
 <D^ x^tct iutro aufccte. abit. sfoafia . alieieftium 
 
 paucisf tt bolo. .^0. SDictuni puta . I^cmpc 
 
 bt curcntur rcctc (jcc. ^i, 3!mmo aliiiti. ^o, 
 
 <Bmb c^t quoti tihi mca at.sf cfficerc (joc pofj^it amp\v> 
 
 . ^i. ^iljii isftac opusf csft arte ati fjanc rem qua paro 
 
 8cc. kv. kc. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. On the recto of fol. 17, the Andria con- 
 cludes ; followed by the dramatis personae of the Eunuch, in G lines. 
 On the reverse, the prologue to this latter play commences ; and on 
 the recto of the ensuing leaf, we read two arguments to the same 
 play, succeeded by the opening of the first scene, thus : 
 
 5^l)ebria ^aniieno 
 
 mib igii facianu non cam^ ne nunc quiht ax 
 Wto accersfor i an potiusf ita me coparem non 
 perpeti meretrieum cotinneltajB? ^ €xt\u^it . reuo 
 
 kc. kc. kc. 
 
 On the reverse of fol. 35, the Eunuch concludes. It is followed by the 
 dramatis personae of the ' Hentontumeromenon.'* The recto of the 
 ensuing leaf presents us with the argument and prologue of this play ; 
 the play itself beginning thus on the reverse of it : 
 
 €remc^ !3l9enetiemuj9f 
 tiaanqiiam Jec inter no.i^ nuper noticia atimobu 
 e^t. inbe abeo quoti agrum in projtrimo jjic merca 
 
 kc. kc. kc. 
 
 The Heautontimorumenos ends on the recto of the 17th leaf from its 
 commencement, inclusively. On the reverse of this same leaf, in the 
 middle, without prefix, are the dramatis persona; of the Adelphi. The 
 recto of the following leaf presents us with the argument and prologue 
 of this latter play ; and on the reverse, at top, without prefix, we read 
 the commencement of it, thus : 
 
 • Sic.
 
 406 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 
 
 <9tax non retiiit Ijat ^im. ^cnejc 
 
 nocte a ctm ejefcftinus? ncq; 39feniulo2f quisfqua 
 qui abuor^sfum iecant ♦ pfecto fjoc tiere tiicunt 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 This play contains 16 leaves; ending on the reverse of the 16th, with 
 the prefix of the Hecyra beneath. On the recto of the following leaf 
 are the argument and prologue to the Echyra. On the reverse, the 
 play begins thus : 
 
 4tt pol quam pauco^ repcrias? mcrctricifiuis? ff^ 
 
 ttW cuentre amatoreiaf o lefira. Mzl Ijic paplji^^ 
 
 iutaliat quotienjsf iiacfjibi qua ^mttt tjti quiuijsf 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Xcc. 
 
 and terminates on the recto of the 14th leaf ensuing it, exclusively : 
 when we read the prefix to the argument, with a title, announcing the 
 commencement of the Phormio, thus : 
 
 3^ubUJ €erencij ^fftri ^ottt Comict 
 ^^jjormio 9[ncipit feliciter. 
 
 The argument and prologue follow. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, 
 the play itself opens thus : 
 
 (Beta SDauuiBf 
 5[ qm0 me queret rufujef. SDa* ^tt^to t^t tt^int 
 <Bt, <0{). at ego oBuiam conabat tihi taut. E)a* 
 %ttipt Ijein iectum t^u conueniet nuinem^ quan 
 
 8cc. kc. 8cc. 
 
 The concluding lines of it, on the reverse of the 100th and last leaf, 
 from the opening of the volume inclusively, are these : 
 
 fiat f5 \xbi t plje 
 iiria iubejc no^ter* ^IJo. 31am fjic fajco atierit ♦ ♦ ♦ 
 tdalete & jiiautitte ♦ Caliopiu^ utm^uu 
 
 5^iii €erencij ^CfFci 5^oete 
 Comici Comebiarmm \ittt f init.
 
 Without Date.] TERENCE." 41,7 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The type 
 resembles that witii wliich the Valerius IVIaximus, (vide post,) and the 
 Virgil, in the Vallitre catalogue, (vol. ii. n°. 2433, see also post,) are 
 executed. The paper is equally commendable for its colour and sub- 
 stance. This edition is inserted in the Catalogue of Mr. Edwards, 1794, 
 n". 1103, without price. 
 
 I cannot conclude this elaborate article without subjoining the 
 memorandum of the late Bishop of Ely, attached to his own copy of 
 this ' precious' edition. ' Editionis infrequentia notanda est. Praeter 
 exemplar a Lairio memoratum, quod in Museum illud 7roXu5pyXA>)7ov 
 Viri nobiiissimi Comitis Sfencer transiit, nullum ahud tunc teniporis 
 cognitum fuisse exinde apparet. Et re ver^ mihi plusquam triginta 
 annos editionum veterum notitiam undique dihgenter conquirenti, hicce 
 liber pretiosus me ante Lairium usque latuit, neque tertium exemplar 
 in hAc regione extare credo. Quod aliis classicorum, ut vocantur, 
 Auctorum editionibus in Germania sub initio artis impressis accidit, in 
 h^c abundfe conspicitur. Correctorum curas non expertae codices 
 fideliter exprimunt, et e ipsa ruditate et corruptionibus materiam 
 hominibus criticis verae lectionis eruendae in quMibet pagini abundfe 
 praebent. Operae pretium foret poetae suavissimi novam editionem ex 
 hoc ipso archetype contexere.' 
 
 The present is a clean and large copy of it, in green morocco, 
 foreign binding. What is very singular, it retains the coeval ms. note 
 of one SiGisMOND Meysterlin, the original owner of it: — which 
 note will be found decyphered in Panzer's Annal. Typog. vol. iv. p. 224, 
 n°. 409 ; as it was transmitted to Panzer by SeemiUer, who discovered 
 this identical copy, bound with the Valerius Maximus printed in the 
 same character. The note is dated 1470 ; and is written in Latin, in 
 the secretary Gothic character, with the usual contractions of the age, 
 in red ink. — It is to this efiFect: ' In the year of our Lord, 1470, / 
 bought this edition of Terence, at the Noerdlingen Fair, for one florin {orris 
 dollar). The impression of Falerius Maximus was a gratuitous addition to 
 the bargain. It is printed by the famous Adolf us de Inguilen,* whose face 
 I never saw.' 
 
 • Panzer refers us to Schoepflin's Vindici<t Typographic^, p. 99 ; where it seems that 
 Adolphus Ruschius Ing^ilaIlus was a citizen aud printer of Strasbourg, and married one of 
 Mentelin's daughters. Panzer suggests that Henry de Inguiler.who printed at Strasbourg 
 In 1483, was a son of this Adolphus.
 
 408 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Par/5; 
 
 467. Terentius. (^Printed hy Gering, CrantZy 
 and Friburger. Paris.J TVilhout Date. 
 Folio. 
 
 This uncommon impression seems to have escaped the knowledge of 
 bibliographers. Panzer notices one ancient Parisian edition, of which 
 some mention has been made in the first note at p. 404 ante. That 
 edition appears to have been printed by Caesaris and Stol, if the descrip- 
 tion of it in the Hohendorf Catalogue be correct. Denfs, p. G74, n". 
 5998, seems to depend upon this authority; and the Abbe Rive says that 
 the edition is ' d'une execution magnifique.* La Chasse aux Bibliographes, 
 p. 10. From the colophon of such edition, as stated in the Bibl. 
 Hohendorf, it is clear that it is a different impression from the present. 
 There seems to be no doubt about attributing this publication to the 
 press of Gering, Grant z, and Friburger. It is executed in the same 
 type with which the Florus, Phalaris, and Sallust (see pp. 29, 231, , 
 326,) are executed ; and therefore, in all probability, it was printed 
 between the years 14/0, and 1472. I am not however prepared to 
 assert that it was absolutely published before the year in which the 
 impression of I. de Colonia was executed. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read this prefix — followed by the epitaph upon Terence, the 
 Argument, and 13 lines of the prologue to the Andria : 
 
 Publii Terentii afri poetp comici Andria incipit foeliciter. 
 On the reverse of this leaf, line 6th, the Andria commences thus : 
 
 . Simo senex. . Sosia libertus. 
 
 Os istpc intro auferte. abite. sosia adesdu paucis te uo 
 lo. So. Dictum puta. nempe ut curentur recte hpc. Si. 
 Ice. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 32 lines. The Andria concludes on the recto of the 
 15th leaf, including that upon which it begins. The Eunuch follows, 
 and terminates on the reverse of the 30th leaf, from the first leaf of 
 the volume. Next comes the Heautontimorumenos. 
 
 Publii Terentii Afri Poptp Comici Heautontymo 
 Tumenou incipit foeliciter.
 
 Without Bate.] TERENCE. 409 
 
 Including the Argument and Prologue, this play comprehends 15 
 leaves. On the recto of the following leaf, being the 46th from the 
 commencenientof the volume, we read the Argument and Prologue to 
 the Adelphi; which play, including this leaf, occupies 14 leaves. 
 Then succeeds the Henjra, without prefix, but having the argument 
 and prologue. On the reverse of this leaf, the play begins thus : 
 
 Phjlotis meretrix Syra lena 
 
 Er pol (| paucos reperias meretricibus fidelcs eucnire 
 amatoic's syra. Vcl hie pamphilus iurabat quoties ba 
 
 8cc. 8cc, kc. 
 
 On the reverse of the 12th leaf, from its commencement, inclusively, it 
 terminates. Then ensue the Argument and the Prologue to the Phormio, 
 being the 72nd leaf of the volume. On the reverse of this leaf the 
 Phormio commences, and it concludes the volume on the reverse of the 
 86'th leaf from its beginning, inclusively : occupying of itself 15 leaves. 
 The annexed subscription are the last lines of the impression. 
 
 Publii Tcrentii Afrl Po?et£e Comici 
 ComoediaR! liber Finit Foelieiter/ 
 
 There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords ; and the 
 volume is printed upon paper of the usual stout quality of that which 
 was used by the above early Parisian printers. The present is a large, 
 sound copy, in calf binding. From the Collection of Dr. C. Chauncey. 
 
 468. Terentius. Without Name of Pr'mtery 
 Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 The present copy of this exceedingly scarce volume is unluckily im- 
 perfect ; but in regard to its antiquity, I am doubtful whether it may 
 not rank even before the Parisian impression just described. Such is 
 its rarity, it seems to have escaped the knowledge of all bibliographers, 
 including even Morelli, Audiffredi, and Panzer. In regard to the place 
 where it was printed, I strongly suspect that it was Brescia ; but Lord 
 Spencer has an inclination to attribute it to the press of Ruesinger. 
 As to the period of its execution, it will be mere conjecture to affix it ; 
 but I submit that it is not later than 1471. This copy begins thus — 
 the preceding (probably two) leaves of the Andria, having been lost : 
 
 VOL. II. 3 (1
 
 410 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Paris ; No Date. 
 
 opus est hac fama inpulsus Cremes ultro ad me ue 
 
 nit unicam gnatam suam cum dote summa filio u 
 
 xorem ut daret placuit. despondi hie nuptiis dictus 
 
 Sec. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The ensuing dialogue between Simo and Davus begins thus : 
 
 Simo dauus 
 
 On dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius 
 
 ita dauum modo timere sensi ubi nupti 
 
 as futuras esse audiuit. Sed ipse exit fo 
 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 The Andria closes thus : 
 
 Da Eo ne expectetis dum exeant hue intus despo 
 debitur intus transigetur siquid est quod restat. 
 Valete 8c plaudite ego caliopus recensui. 
 
 Errentii affri explicit andria Incipit Eunucus 
 acta ludis megalesibus uel postumio albino corneli 
 o raerula edilibus curulibus albinus turbio Lactilius 
 penestrinus greca menandri acta secunda modula 
 uit flaccus claudi tibiis duabus dextris M Valeri 
 o C Nummio lauino Consulibus. 
 
 From such a specimen, the reader will observe the extreme rudeness 
 and irregularity with which the impression is executed. The Eunuch, 
 Heautontimorumenos, Adelphi, Phormio, and Hecyra succeed the Andria, in 
 the order here described. The Phormio concludes thus : 
 
 Et uos ualete k. plaudite. Ego calliopius recesui 
 
 On the recto of the opposite leaf, fol, 107, from the beginning of the 
 volume, we read this prefix to the Hecyra : 
 
 Terretii Affri Comici Poete Phormio Explicit 
 Eiusdem Hechira Incipit feliciter. 
 
 Two Arguments and a Prologue ensue. The play itself begins on the
 
 renice; 1471.] TERENCE. 411 
 
 reverse of the 2nd leaf, including that upon which the pre6x, above 
 extracted, begins : thus — 
 
 Terrentii Affri Cominci * poete Echira. Incipit 
 Philotis raeretrix. Sira lena anus. Scena prima. 
 ErpoL q paucos repias meretricibus Fi 
 deles euenire amatores sira VeL hie 
 pamphilus quotiens iu.abat bachidi q 
 8cc. Sec. Sec. 
 
 On the recto of the 18th leaf ensuing, we read the termination, and a 
 
 subscription, thus : 
 
 prae 
 no. Par Sequor equidem plus hodie boni feci ipru 
 dens quani sciens ante hunc die unq. Et uos uale 
 tc 8c plaudite Caliopius recensui. 
 
 TERRENTII. AFFRI. COMICI. 
 POETE. ECHIRA. FELICITER. EX 
 
 PLICIT. 
 
 AMEN. 
 
 The reverse is blank. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords ; and a full page has 26 lines. This is the last of the three 
 editions noticed in the preliminary observations affixed to the Editio 
 Princeps of the author. The present copy is in very indifferent con- 
 dition; in red morocco binding. 
 
 469. Terentius. Printed hy John de Colonia. 
 Venice. 1471. Folio. 
 
 This is the earliest impression of Terence with a printed date. De 
 Bure had never seen a copy of it, but contented himself with the 
 description in the Annal. Tyipog. vol. i. 307, of Maittaire. Crevenna has 
 given a brief but exact account of it, in the first Bibl. CreveriJi. vol, iii. 
 p. 168-9, edit. 1775; and copies of it will be found in the Harleian, 
 Smith, and Pinelli Collections. See Bibl. Harleian. vol. i. n°. 3571 ; 
 Bibl. Smith, p. cccclxvii ; and Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 377- The present 
 
 • Sic.
 
 412 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [renice ; 1471. 
 
 copy is the one which was in the Collection here last referred to. 
 The first 3 pages of the first two leaves of it, are filled by a Life of 
 Terence. The reverse of the 2nd leaf is blank. The recto of the 3rd 
 leaf presents us with the epitaph upon Terence, the argument and 
 ' proheme' or prologue, of the Andria. On the reverse of this 3rd 
 leaf, the Andria begins thus : 
 
 SIMO. SOSIA. 
 
 Os istpc intro auferte : abite. Sosia 
 Adesdum paucis te uolo. So. dictum puta 
 Neriipe ut curentur recte hpc. Si. Immo aliud 
 Quid est quod tibi mea ars efficere hoc possit apli9 ? 
 Si. N ihil opus est istac arte ad banc rem quam paro 
 S ed his quas semper in te intellexi sitas 
 F ide 8c taciturnitate. So. Expecto quid uelis. 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The other Plays succeed in the usual order ; and a full page contains 
 34 lines. On the reverse of the 100th leaf, (pencil-numbered,) we 
 read the colophon thus : 
 
 Callipi calamo fuit exemplare reptum : 
 Vnde estlpressu quod legis hospes opus. 
 
 Vale uir optime Raphael louezonius ister. P. emedaui. 
 loanes Agrippinae coloniae decus impressit. Anno domini 
 nri ihesu christi. M. cccc. Ixxi. diuo Nicolao throno 
 uenetiaru duce. 
 
 Finis felix. 
 
 The present copy of this vei7 ^^^^ volume is rather a soiled one. In 
 red morocco binding.
 
 Rome; 1472.] TERENCE. 413 
 
 470. Terentius. Printed hi/ Sweijnheijm and 
 Pannartz. Rome. 1472. 
 
 Of equal, if not of greater scarcity than the preceding impression, is 
 the one now under description. Audiffredi is tlie only bibliographer 
 who gives a particular account of it ; although it were hardly worth 
 the trouble for him to notice the merely titular description of it by La 
 Caillc, in his jejune work entitled Histoire de I' Imprimerie et de la 
 Librairie, 1689, 4to. p. 17- See Edit. Rom. p. 99. This edition 
 however — while it is evidently taken from a different and more perfect 
 MS. than its precursors — and while it exhibits proofs that the printers 
 have not scrupulously followed preceding impressions — may be thought 
 to afford evidence that the inattention to metre, observable in its text, 
 is no conclusive testimony of extreme antiquiiy of publication. See 
 the arguments submitted at p. 404 ante. We proceed to a minute and 
 faithful description of it. On the recto of the first leaf is a brief 
 account of Terence, with this prefix : 
 
 Terentius Apher gencre : Ciuis 
 uero Carthaginensis fuit. 
 
 Towards the conclusion of which — speaking of the general termination 
 of the plays, ' ego Caliopius recensui ' — the editor thus observes : 
 * Recitator uero istarum fabularum non ipse extitit. Sed Caliopius 
 quidam clarissimus ac sapientissimus uir cuius ope & sustentatione : 
 ac familiaritate ipse utebatur ? Quo tali uiro recitante maiorem eius 
 fabule captarent fauorem.' &c. 
 
 A full and particular argument follows ; succeeded, on the reverse of 
 the leaf, by the epitaph upon Terence, a short argument of the Andria, 
 and the prologue to this play. Nearly in the centre of the recto of the 
 2nd and succeeding leaf, the first scene of the Andria conmiences thus : 
 
 Simo. Sosia libertus. 
 Os istec intro auferte : abite. Sosia adesdu paucis te uolo. 
 So. Dictum puta. nempe ut curent recte hec. Si. Immo 
 aliud. So. Quid est qd mea ars eflScere hoc possit aplius ? 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 38 lines; and the impression is entirely destitute of
 
 414 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IBotne j 1472. 
 
 signatures, numerals, and catchwoi'ds. The Eunuch, Heautontimorumenos, 
 Adelphi, Hecijra, and Phormio, succeed in the order here described;, 
 each of which conclude with ' Explicit,* &c. and begin with ' Incipit,* 
 &c. — whatever the play may be. On the reverse of fol. 71. and last, 
 we read the conclusion of the Phormio, thus : 
 
 ph. Me ad cenam uoca. na. pol uero uoco. ph. Eamus intro 
 hinc. Na. Fiat, sed iibi e phedria iudex noster ? Ph. lam faxo 
 aderit. Vos ualete : &: plaudite. Caliopius recensui. 
 Finis Terentii Aphricani. 
 
 The six usual colophonic verses ensue: at the bottom of which is the 
 date, thus : 
 
 M. CCCC. LXXII. die. VI. Octobiis. 
 
 The present large and clean copy of this desirable edition, is in 
 foreign calf binding, and was procured at Rome, by his Lordship's 
 eldest son, Viscount Althorp. It is one of the most genuine copies of 
 an ancient classic which I ever remember to have seen. 
 
 471. DoNATUs IN Terentium. Printed hi/ Swet/n- 
 heym and I*annart%. Home. 1472. Folio. 
 
 I consider this to be the first of the three ancient editions of the 
 Commentary of Donatus upon the Andria, Eunuch, Adelphi, Phormio, 
 and Hecyra of Terence : the Heautontimorumenos never having received 
 the annotations of Donatus, but those of Calphurnius. See Ernesti's 
 Bibl. Lat. vol. i. p. 49, &c. For reasons adduced in the subsequent 
 article, the present imj-ression is arranged in the order in which it here 
 stands. The recto of the first leaf, without any titular prefix, gives us 
 the -biography of the poet, commencing thus : 
 
 Vblius Terentius Afer Carthagine natus 
 seruiuit Rome Terentio Liicano Senatoii 
 quod ob ingeniu Sc forma non institutus mode 
 liberaliter : sed Sc mature manumissus e.Quida 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec.
 
 Fenice; 1472.] TERENCE. 415 
 
 The latter words, in the first three lines, being inserted in this copy in 
 MS., I cannot vouch for their literal accuracy ; but they are most pro- 
 bably correct. The recto of the second leaf picsents us with a few 
 Greek passages inserted ; although, as Auditfredi has observed, there 
 are many lacunce to be supplied by the Greek characters — a circum- 
 stance a little singular, as Sweynheym and Pannartz had used them as 
 early as the year 1469. It is to be observed that the plays of the 
 comedian do not accompany these commentaries. A full page has 38 
 lines. On the reverse of fol. 188 and last, beneath the following last 
 line, 
 
 uides igitiir hie coni^ultam iixoris iracundiam. 
 
 we read the usual (six) colophonic verses ; having the date below, thus: 
 
 M. CCCC. LXXII. 
 die . X. Decembris. 
 
 See the Edit. Rom. p. 101. The present is a large copy, but not free 
 from soil. It is bound in red morocco. 
 
 472. DoNATus IN Terentium. Printed by Vin- 
 delln de Spira. Venice. Without Date. Folio. 
 
 Bibliographers make mention of an edition of the Commentaries of 
 Donatus, by V. de Spira, of the date of 1470; but such edition is 
 entirely fictitious. Consult the Cat. de Gaignat. vol. i. n°. 1578, and Bibl. 
 Pinell. vol. iii. n°. G31 1. De Bure, Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n°. 2608. and 
 Boni and Gamba, with better reason, assign the date of 14/2 to this 
 impression of the Commentaries. Bibliot. Portat. vol. ii. p. 17. The 
 insertion of Greek characters is a sufficient demonstration that the 
 edition could not have been executed before the year assigned to it by 
 these latter bibliographers. Like the preceding and ensuing impres- 
 sions, the text of the poet is not incorporated in the annotations. In 
 regard to typographical elegance, it is, as AudifFredi remarks, and as 
 might necessarily be expected, much suj)erior to the previous edition 
 by Sweynheym and Pannartz. We may be brief but particular in the 
 account of it. On the recto of the first leaf, without prefix, we read as 
 follows : 
 
 VBLIVS TERENTIVS Afer Carthagine 
 natus : seruiuit Romp Tcrentio Lucano scnatori ;
 
 416 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Bate. 
 
 a quo ob ingenium %c formam no institutus mo>. 
 do liberaliter : sed &: mature manumissus. Quida 
 
 A full page has 41 lines. On the reverse of fol. 160, (pencil-numerals,) 
 the subscription is thus : 
 
 Raphael zouenzonius tergestinus poeta 
 Viiidelino fpirensi suo sal'. 
 
 Qui cupit obstrusam frugem gustasse Terenti 
 
 Donatum quprat noscere gramaticu. 
 Quem Vindelinus signis impressit ahenis 
 
 Vir bonus : k. claro preditus ingenio. 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The present 
 is a large but indifferent copy, in red morocco binding. 
 
 473. DoNATUs IN Terentium. Without Name 
 of Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 The present impression is briefly described in Laire's Index Lihror. 
 vol. i. p. 128, n°. 78 ; and is there called ' Editio ver^ princeps et 
 ignota, circa 1472.' The letter R particularly distinguishes it ; as has 
 been before observed in the description of certain editions noticed at 
 pages 275-6, and 347- Whether this letter, formed according to the 
 fac-simile in vol. i. p. 40, be the criterion of the Roman type of 
 Mentelin, it is probably difficult to determine. We proceed to the 
 volume itself. On the recto of the first leaf, without prefix, begins a 
 life of Terence thus : 
 
 VBLIVS TERENTIVS AFER 
 
 Carthagine natus : seruiuit Rome Te 
 rencio Lucano senatori. a quo ob inge 
 nium 8c formam non institutus modo 
 liberaliter : fj 8c mature manumissus. 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 35 lines. The text of the author is not printed. On 
 the recto of the 250th and last leaf (according to an ancient ms.
 
 Without Date.] TERENCE. 41 7 
 
 numeral upon the reverse of the last) the commentary of the PJiormw 
 concludes, with this distich subjoined : 
 
 Qui cupit obstrusam frugem gustasse Terenti 
 Donatum querat noscere grammaticum. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The volume is without numerals, signatures 
 and catchwords ; and was, I should apprehend, executed not later than 
 147^. The present is a large and most desirable copy of it, in red 
 morocco binding. 
 
 474. Terentius. Supposed to have been printed 
 at Venice. IVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 Morelli seems to have had an high opinion of the antiquity of this 
 edition : observing, that ' it had escaped the knowledge of the prin- 
 cipal bibliographers, and was almost wholly unknown to the editors 
 of Terence.' He places it as the first in the list of the impressions 
 of this author which were in the Pinelli Collection. But the edition 
 had before received the same mark of distinction by Paschali, in the 
 jBi6L Smith, p. cccclxvii ; where it is called ' Editio praeclara ac 
 PRiNCEPS :' see also the Bihl. Pinell. vol. ii, n°. 4993, Morelli adds, — 
 — ' haud exigua commcndatio editioni huic accedit, quam scilicet 
 Antonius Mobetus Brixiensis vir doctus curavit.' Upon which Count 
 Reviczky remarks, * An editionem ipsam curaverit Moretus, an codicem 
 tantum, ex quo ducta est, correxerit, dubitari potest, ob mendorum, 
 non tantum typographicorum, sed vel maxime orthographicorum, 
 frequentiam. Ceterum, hie ille est Antonius Moretus, immodicus 
 proprii jactator honoris, qui impudenti audacia Epistolas Campani et 
 Pomponii Lseti, ad alios scriptas, suo nomini inscriptas, publicare non 
 est veritus,' &c. MS. Memoranda. 
 
 Of Moretus, I find no account in Fabricius, Baillet, Niceron, or 
 Saxius ; but on consulting the Litteratura Brixiana, 1739, 4to. p. 54, 
 it is there observed that he was a young man in the year 1476 ; when 
 Calphurnius requested him to make a kind of abridgment of his Epistles, 
 prefixed to the Venetian impression of Terence, of the same date. 
 The author of the work here referred to, adds — ' Moretum hunc doctis 
 illius aetatis viris, non Caljjhurnio tantum, notum fuisse reperio, ac 
 valde commendatum, quippe qui et laboriosum munus Correctoris, quo 
 
 vox,, a. 3 H
 
 418 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 nullum Typographicae Art! magis necessarium, diligentissime exer- 
 cebat, et una simul singularis eruditionis laude florebat.' The infer- 
 ence to be drawn from this authority, and from the general aspect of 
 the volume about to be described, warrants us in assigning a date to 
 the edition at least not earlier than that of 1 474 ; or rather perhaps 
 1476. It is therefore more from courtesy, than from conviction, that 
 this impression stands in its present order. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, at top, we read this prefix to the 
 epitaph upon the author : 
 
 LIBER TERENTIt AFRICI COMICI 
 INCIPIT FOELICITER. 
 
 The argument and prologue foll®w. On the reverse of the same leaf 
 the Andria begins thus : 
 
 S IMO SENEX. SOSIAS COQVS 
 
 OS. Istec intro auferte abite. Sosia 
 A desdum paucis te uolo. So. dictum puta 
 N empe ut curentur recte hajc. Si. immoaliud 
 So, Q uid est. quod tibi mea ars efficere 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 The impression ends with the Hecyra, thus : 
 
 H odie boi feci imprudens : q sciens ate hunc diem. 
 O Plaudite. Calliopius recensui. 
 
 Quite at bottom, we read 
 
 ANTONIVS MORETVS ACHA 
 DEMICVS EMENDAVIT. 
 
 A Life of Termce, ' EXCERPTA EX DICTIS. D. F. PETRARCAE,' 
 comprehending the two ensuing, and last leaves, close the volume ; 
 with this subscription : 
 
 TERENTII APHRI COMICI POETAE 
 AECYRA FOELICITER FINIT.
 
 IFUhout Date.] TERENCE. 419 
 
 This Life is precisely similar to that which is prefixed to J. de Colonia's 
 edition of 1471. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catch- 
 words. The volume contains 125 leaves. The present copy, in bhie 
 morocco binding, was in the Pinelli Collection. 
 
 475. Terentius. Printed hy J. de Colonia. 
 TVithout Date. Folio. 
 
 This reprint of his first edition, by J. de Colonia, seems to have 
 escaped bibliographers. It was probably executed before the Milan 
 impression of 1474, and is therefore introduced in the present order. 
 On the reverse of the first leaf begins the Life of Terence, with this 
 prefix : 
 
 Terentjjbita excerpta de dictis. d. F. Petrarcp. 
 
 As before, it occupies 3 pages. On the recto of the third leaf, we read 
 the general title, or the order of the plays, thus : 
 
 Teretij apliri poctp comici liber T sex diuisus comoedias: 
 qua:^ pma Andiia. seciida Eunuclius. tertia Heautotume- 
 rumenon, quarta Adelphe. qulta Phormio. sexta et tjltima 
 Hecliira nucupatur. 
 
 A full page has 34 lines ; and the impression is entirely destitute of 
 numerals, signatures, and catchwords. The metre is uniformly 
 attended to. On the reverse of the 99th and last leal^ we read the 
 ensuing subscription : 
 
 Ex Eusebio de temporibus. 
 P. Terentius carthaginensis comoedia2f scriptor ob ingeniu 
 %c forma libertate donatus in Archadia moritur: qui 
 primam Andriam anteq pdilibus tjendcret C^cilio multu 
 se miranti legit. 
 
 The present is a large copy ; bound in blue morocco.
 
 420 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [1474. 
 
 476. Terentius. (^Supposed to have been printed 
 hj Valdarfer. Milmi). 1474. Folio. 
 
 Although Saxius does not pretend to assign this edition to the press 
 of Christopher Valdarfer, and moreover appears never to have himself 
 seen it, yet, on the authority of the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. p. 117, 
 n°. 2573, it may with safety be attributed to this printer. See the 
 Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. xcvii, xcviii, dlxii, note k. Tiie account 
 in the catalogue of Count Reviczky, as referred to by Panzer, is little 
 better than a repetition of what appears in the La Valliere catalogue ; 
 where we find that, from the similarity of the types of this impression 
 to those of the Orations oj Cicero, noticed at p. 355 of the first volume 
 of this work, the foregoing conclusion is sufficiently reasonable. Val- 
 darfer had, in the year 1475, left Venice, and resided entirely at Milan. 
 
 Our labours, in the arrangement of the present and of the several 
 future editions of Terence, are now of comparative ease. On the recto 
 of the first leaf begins a Life of Terence, with a prefix in two lines of 
 capital letters. This concludes with many verses in praise of the poet. 
 The last four of these are as follow ; on the recto of the 2nd leaf. 
 
 Leuibus atq ; utinam scriptis adiuncta foret uis 
 Comica : ut aequatus uirtus polleret honore 
 Cum grsecis : neq; liac despectus 1 parte iaceics 
 Vnum hoc doleo Ik: maceror tibi esse Terenti. 
 FINIS. 
 
 The reverse is blank. On the recto of the 3d leaf the prefix to the 
 argument of the Andria is in 4 lines, capital letters. The play itself 
 begins on the reverse. To each scene there are titles in capitals ; and 
 a full page contains 33 lines. The impression concludes with the 
 Hecijra, on the reverse of the 104th and last leaf, thus : 
 
 FINIS. 
 M.CCCC.LXXIIII. PRIDIE NONAS AVGVSTI. 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. Coimt 
 Reviczky has remarked that this impression is taken from a different 
 MS. to that of the date of 1471. The present is rather a soiled copy 
 of it ; in red-morocco binding.
 
 mthout Date.] TERENCE. 421 
 
 477- Terentius. (^Printed in the Sortemian 
 Monastery .^ TVilhoat Date. Folio. 
 
 There seems to be little doubt but that this is the edition which 
 Maittaire describes at p. 391, note *, of his Annul. Typog., as being 
 printed in ' character Gothicus, et valde informis' — and which has 
 been already mentioned at the end of the note, p. 402 ante. Maittaire 
 thought the date of MCCCCLXIX. ' manu adscriptum fuisse ;' but it 
 has been shewn that, although printed, such date is posterior to that of 
 the execution of the volume. Lord Spencer, who has seen this copy 
 in the Blenheim Library, informs me that the date is printed in Gothic 
 capitals, at a considerable distance, below, from the subscript ion.t 
 These Gothic numerals are probably similar to those before-mentioned 
 as being subjoined to an edition of Lucan at Halle ; vide p. 143 ante. 
 Braun, who is somewhat copious concerning this edition, does not 
 venture upon a conjecture respecting the period of its execution. He 
 is a believer in the Zarotus impression of 1470 ; but when he says that 
 bibliographers ' have observed a profound silence' respecting the pre- 
 sent edition, he forgets that this is no other than the one of which 
 Westerhovius, Maittaire, and Hare had given some description to 
 the public. Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. p. 83-4. As to the exact period of 
 the execution of it, I am disposed to think that it may be much earlier 
 than tliat of the Comedies of Aretinus, printed at the same place in the 
 year 1478 : see p. 403. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, at top, we read tliis prefix : 
 
 5^ublii Ccrcntij 311ffri poete comici commentiariu^ liBcr 
 SJncipit focliciter. 
 
 Beneath, is the epitaph of Terence, as before, and the argument to the 
 Andria. On the reverse is the prologue to the same play. On the 
 recto of the ensuing leaf, after the 4th line, the first scene commences 
 according to the ensuing fac-simile.| 
 
 t The Gennans seem rather prone to this species of Jintedating. Mr. Douce informs 
 me that, in liis travels in Germany, he found it no unusual thing for a cutler to put the date 
 of 1420 upon a sword manufactured, in the old fashion, only about 60 or 70 years ago. 
 
 X See the fac-simile in the third volume of this work, of a book avowed to have been 
 printed in the Sortensian Monastery — in types siraiilar to those of the ensuing fac-similc.
 
 422 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [TFithout Date. 
 
 %\mo Sofia 
 
 09iftccnitroapFcttc«9bttefofia -acefcfijjatt^ 
 
 cie'tcwIo-Bo^JDictuwpma ♦^Dcmpe vt cure 
 
 turrecte fcec^Si^^^mo alm^♦So♦C\^^}t)eftfcl1ct) 
 
 tibimca are cfftcctebcc poffit aniptae^'^^Bi •pibil 
 
 On the recto of the 28th leaf, the Andria terminates , and the prefix to 
 the Eunuch is printed. On the reverse of the same, is the prologue \o 
 the play. Then the arguments on the ensuing leaf: the play itself 
 beginning almost at the bottom of the reverse of this leaf. The 
 Eunuch comprehends 32 leaves, including that upon which the Andria 
 ends, and the prefix to the Heautontimorumenos is inserted. Two 
 pages and a half, of argument and prologue, precede the Heautontimo- 
 rumenos ; which play occupies the 26 etisuing leaves ; ending on the 
 recto of the 26th, thus : 
 
 mitt l^eutontumeromenon finite 
 
 The Adelphi follows ; preceded by an argument and brief prologue. 
 The play itself occupies 27 leaves. It is followed by the Hecyra; 
 having half a page of argument, and two pages and a half of prologue. 
 The play comprehends 23 leaves ; and is succeeded by the Phormio, 
 which has 2 pages of argument and prologue. Next follow the 29 
 leaves upon which the play is pi'inted ; ending quite at top of the 
 recto of the 29th, in the following manner: 
 
 l^au* Cupio. ©Ijo. ^t ab tenam Ijoca. |^au» ptjJ tjero 
 boco. ^e* €am^ itro Ijinc* €re« fiat ^eh MU t pfjetiria iu- 
 ttx m0ttt. ©8o. 3[a |)ic faro atierit. |^» tajalcte tt jilau- 
 bite* CaliopiUiSf rccen^ui* 
 
 ^ublii fZtttmiy 5CfFri ©oetc €omici 
 Comebiarum liBer ftnit*
 
 Treviso; 14770 TERENCE. 423 
 
 The reverse is blank. A full page contains only 19 lines. There arc 
 neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. The present fine copy 
 of this rare and desirable impression, is elegantly bound in green 
 morocco. 
 
 478. Terentius. Printed hy Hermanus I^evilapis 
 Colonien^is. Treviso, 1477- Folio. 
 
 With the Commentaries of Donatus and Calphurnius. Panzer 
 has borrowed the whole of Maittaire's (rather copious) description of 
 this desirable and elegantly printed edition. He refers also to the 
 copies of it which were in the Valliere, Crevenna, and Lomenic Collec- 
 tions. See Maittaire, vol. i. p. 376, note 1; Panzer, vol. iii. p. 34. 
 We may be brief but particular in our account of it. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, (A 2,) begins a Life of Terence, by Donatus, which ends 
 on the reverse of the 4th leaf, sign. A 5. It is succeeded by an illus- 
 tration of the plot of the Andria ; and the author's argument, in the 
 usual metre, follows on the recto of the ensuing leaf. This metrical 
 argument, as well as the entire text of Terence, is printed in a large 
 and elegant Roman type ; but the Life and the Commentaries, are 
 uniformly in a small, but neat and extremely legible, Roman type. 
 Indeed, if the lines of this latter type, were printed with a little more 
 attention to evenness, I hardly known where the reader could be 
 referred to a more pleasant and legible character. At the first glance 
 this small type may be supposed to be similar to that used by Pannartz, 
 (see p. 345 ante,) but it is essentially different. We proceed in our 
 description. 
 
 The reverse of the 5th leaf is blank. The recto of the 6th leaf pre- 
 sents us with the prologue of the Andria, surrounded, as is the entire 
 text of the author, by the elaborate annotations of the conmientator. 
 On the recto of the 7th leaf, the play itself immediately follows the 
 prologue, thus : 
 
 Sinio Scnex : Sosia Seruus. 
 Os istaec intro auferte. abite. sosia 
 Adesduni. paiicis te uolo. So. dictum puta 
 Nepe ut curetur recte lia^c. Si. inimo aliud. So. quid est 
 Quod tibi mea ais efficere hoc possit aniplius ?
 
 424 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ITreviso; 1477. 
 
 The Greek words introduced in the commentary are somewhat barba- 
 rous; although they partake of the character of those used at the 
 Venetian presses. The first set of signatures extends to L : A and L 
 each having 10 leaves, (including a blank leaf prefixed to A, and a 
 blank leaf at the end of L,) and the rest 8 leaves. The commentary to 
 the Adelphi commences with a fresh set of signatures, which extends 
 from a to 1, in eights : the last leaf of 1 being blank. The Heautonti- 
 morumenos, exclusively, has the commentary of Calphurnius. On the 
 reverse of 1 vij, we read the epitaph, here called ' praefatio ([uaedam,' 
 upon the author ; beneath which is the colophon, thus : 
 
 Lepidas elegantesque Terentii Comoedias cum Donati 
 interpretis commentario iuxta fidele Calphurnianae 
 castigationis exemplar : doctrinam studiumq; Calphur;; 
 nii Hieronjmo Bononio enixe commedante Hermaiius 
 Leuilapis Coloniensis probatissimus librarias artis exa-. 
 ctor summa confecit diligentia. 
 
 Taruisii Anno Christi . MCCCCLXXVII. 
 . XIV. KL. Octobres. 
 
 Below, we read some commendatory verses of Jerom Bonnonius, 
 which shall find a place in the subjoined note.* The present is a clean 
 and desirable copy, in calf binding, gilt leaves, with a red morocco 
 back. 
 
 * These verses are as follow : 
 
 Bononii Carmen. 
 Vestri summite fabulas Terenti 
 lunctum marginibus dehinc supremis 
 Donatum Latii simul poetae 
 Ambos codice quos breui coactos 
 Hermanus leuilaps Coloniensis 
 Mira Taruisii pera?git arte. 
 Donatus puto cui Terentiusque 
 Tantas reddere gratias tenentur 
 Quantas reddere utrique nos tenemur.
 
 Parma; 1481.] TERENCE. 425 
 
 479. Terentius. Printed hy Nicolas Girarde7igus. 
 Venice. 1479. Folio. 
 
 This edition also contains the commentaries of Donatus and Cal- 
 phurnius. The text is printed in a large and handsome letter, and the 
 surrounding commentary in a type of smaller dimensions, but not so 
 diminutive as is that of Hermanus Levilapis. Tlie register, on the recto 
 of the last leaf, does not quite accurately inform us of the order of the 
 signatures : which, however, nin thus — a, including a blank leaf pre- 
 fixed, has 10 leaves : b, c, and d, have each 8 leaves ; e, f, and g, each 
 6 ; h, 8 ; i, k, 1, each 6 ; m, 4 leaves ; mm, n, o, p, and q, each 8 ; r, G ; 
 s, 8 ; t, 6 ; u and x, each 8 ; y and Z, each 6 leaves ; and &, 8 leaves. 
 On the reverse of & vij, at bottom, we read the following colophon : 
 
 ImprjBssum Venetiis. per Nicolaum girardengum : recogni 
 tuq; p Magistru Fianciscu diana sub Anno Dni. M. CCCC. 
 LXXVIIII. die. XV. Decembris 
 
 The following, and last leaf, has a register on the recto of it. Panzer 
 refers to copies in the Valliere and PincUi Collections ; and also to the 
 present one, which was in the Reviczky Library. It is a sound 
 desirable copy, in old red morocco binding. 
 
 480. Terentius. Printed hy Genexius del Cerro. 
 Parma, 1481. Folio. 
 
 Neither Affo nor Panzer seems to have been acquainted with this 
 impression ; nor am I just now able to refer to any printed catalogue 
 which contains a cojty of it. Its rarity therefoi'e is considerable. The 
 recto of the first leaf, a i, presents us with the beginning of the Life 
 of Terence, from Petrarch, as usual ; which biography terminates at the 
 bottom of the reverse of the same leaf. On a 2, recto, we read the 
 epitaph or preface, the argument, and 20 lines of the prologue. On 
 the reverse, the Andria begins as usual. The impression appears to be 
 only a reprint of some one of its precursors. There ai'c signatures, 
 from a to 1, which are rather capriciously numbered : a to h, are in 
 eights and sixes alternately : h, i, and k, are each in six : then 1, 
 
 VOL. II. 3 I
 
 426 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 1496. 
 
 with only four leaves ; concluding the volume with the Hecyra, on the 
 reverse of 1 4, thus : 
 
 PVBLII TERENTII AFRI POETAE COMICI 
 ANDRIAE. FINIS. 
 
 Impressum Parmae per me Genexium del Cerro Anno Natiui-- 
 tatis Domini. M.CCCC].XXXi. pridieKl'. Augusti. Regna^ 
 telllustrissimopricipeloaneGaleazioMariaDuceMediolani. 
 
 It may be necessary to add, that this edition contains only the text of 
 the poet. With the exception of a few soiled leaves, the present is a 
 clean and desirable copy, in green morocco binding. 
 
 481. Terentius. Cum Directorio, Glossa, et 
 Comment ARiis. Printed hy Gruninger. Stras- 
 bourg. 1496. Folio. 
 
 The reader has already (at page 94) * had some intimation of the 
 existence of this very curious edition ; which was printed before the 
 Horace, so copiously described and illustrated in the foregoing pages, 
 and executed by the same typographical artist. In the present im- 
 pression the printer is called, properly, Gruninger ; in that of the 
 Horace, Gilrninger : vide ante. Prosper Marchand, in his Diet. Hist. 
 Typog. vol. i. p. 289-294, has a valuable and elaborate account of the 
 productions of Gruninger ; and places this impression as the ixth in 
 the copious list of his works. 
 
 Well might Freytag begin his excellent description of it in these 
 words — ' Editio valde infrequens, literis expressa romanis, innumera- 
 bilibus fere figuris ornata est, ligno incisis, quae if a comparatae sunt, 
 vt ad risum, commouere intuentem queant.' Adparat. Literar. vol. iii. 
 p. 590. We shall notice Mittarelli's account of it in the course of our 
 description ; but may here just observe, that, in respect to these 
 • risible figures,' the same author remarks — ' Ad omnes actus scenas- 
 que expressse sunt Comicorum figurae, ligneae quidem, sed affabre 
 compositae, quae legentium oculos ad se trahunt.' App. Libror. Scec. xv. 
 Impress, col. 442-3. 
 
 * At page 89, Locher is erroneously said to be the editor of this edition of Terence; 
 and it is there incorrectly noticed as a perfomiance subsequent to the Horace.
 
 Strasbourg; 1496.] 
 
 TERENCE. 
 
 427 
 
 The title page is equally splendid and curious. The title itself in- 
 forms us that the edition contains a Directory of Words and Sentences 
 — an Interlineary Gloss — and the Commentaries of Donatus, (juido, 
 and Ascensius. Beneath, is a large wood-cut : 9 inches |, by G in- 
 ches and I". This cut may be said to be divided into two compartments. 
 Above, beneath a splendid canopy, in the florid Gothic style, the 
 audience is represented as viewing the performance of one of the 
 plays. There may be said to be two tiers of boxes. Of the upper tiei*, 
 and with a part only of the canopy above it, the following is a fac- 
 simile :
 
 428 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; I49e. 
 
 A similar, but larger, range or tier of boxes is immediately below it. 
 Beneath, we observe what may be called either the Pit, or the Side 
 Scenes to which the actors retire. The two figures in the foreground 
 are Actors, and concerned in the conduct of the Play. 
 
 To the right of them, stand an actress and actor in the following not 
 inexpressive attitudes :
 
 Strasbourg; 1496.] TERENCE. 429 
 
 To the left, is another acting pair : beneath, we read the word THEA- 
 TR\\M. The reversq of this first leaf is blank. On the recto of the 
 ensuing leaf begins the Index of Words, which occupies 5 pages ; 
 ending at the bottom of the recto of fol. 4 ; and having the word 
 EINIS irregularly, printed for FINIS. On the reverse of this 4th 
 leaf begins the 
 
 Birectoriu atagioru 
 
 followed by the 
 
 Birectortu artis Cornice 
 
 An admonition, or Advertisement, in 43 lines, follows this latter 
 ' Directory ;' having, below it, the Epitaph of Terence as before. A 
 Life of the Comedian follows on the recto of the ensuing leaf ; having 
 a large and inelegant Gothic initial D preceding it. The Life is 
 printed, as are the text and commentaries, in the Roman type. The 
 jnterlineary version is in small and barbarous Gothic characters. On the 
 reverse of this 6th leaf, we have precisely the same wood-cut (with the 
 omission of the title) as forms the frontispiece to the volume. On 
 fol. I, and sign, b, recto, is the argument. On the reverse is a large 
 wood- cut ; presenting us with a bird's-eye view, quite to the summit 
 of it, of the characters in the play, a ship, and various houses, &c. The 
 figures, denoting these characters, are at full length, of the dimensions 
 of the ensuing fac-similes ; and they are, occasionally, connected with 
 each other, according to the parts which they have to play, by stiflF 
 straight lines drawn directly across — sometimes from nearly one ex- 
 tremity to the other — of the cut. On the recto of the following leaf, 
 we read at top 
 
 Argumpnti lucidior scd'm banc figuram declaratio 
 
 Beneath, we observe a figure of the often-quoted Calliopius ;* of 
 which I shall give the ensuing fac-simile — as well as of another figure 
 of the SAME PERSON, introduced at the end of the * Phormio .-' 
 
 • Concerning this supposed character, see the extract from the Roman impression of 
 1472, at p. 413 ante ; and particularly the note (n) in Emesti's Bibl. Lot. toI. L p. 52. 
 The Adversaria of Barthius, and the Analecta of Swartius, are particularly referred to by 
 Emesti, who is of opinion that, ' whether the name be real or fictitious, it is indicative of a 
 critic who corrected the Comedies of Terence after the ancient copie*.'
 
 430 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. IStrasbourg; 1496. 
 
 The Prologue immediately follows ; and on the recto of ' jFoIium III,* 
 we have the first specimens of the ' risible figures' noticed by Freytag. 
 The reader therefore will now be pleased to indulge me in the novel 
 plan of classing these figures ; so as to bring, immediately under the 
 eye, the various casts of characters observable in the originals. As there 
 is little of critical importance in the impression, we may relieve our- 
 selves, in this long and elaborate account of the early editions of 
 Terence, by selecting, from the present one, what Is equally curious 
 and entertaining. Nor will such an exhibition be wholly useless; 
 since it will serve to shew what were the costumes in vogue at Stras- 
 bourg during the latter part of the x\th century — and what were 
 among the very first attempts of representing dramatic characters 
 by means of the graphic art. To the curious in the History of early 
 Engraving, such representations will be considered as something 
 beyond mere decorations to the work. In the first place then, T submit 
 fac-sirailes of those figures intended to represent the lower, or menial 
 characters :
 
 Strasbourg; 1496'.] TERENCE. 
 
 431 
 
 Fol. Ill, recto; and fol. clxii. recto. Of the well known Davus, 
 we have several representations, 'Ihree of them are here subjoined :
 
 ^32 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg ; 1496. 
 
 Of the FemaU Characters, the foUowing are curious specimens :
 
 Strasbourg; 1496.] TERENCE. 
 
 433 
 
 The foregoing are taken from fol. viii, recto; fol. xiv, reverse; fol. 
 XXI, recto; fol. xxxix, reverse ; fol. xlvi, recto; and fol. lxix, reverse. 
 Most of them occur, as well as the one of which a facsimile has 
 been given at p. 91 ante, frequently in the course of the volume. We 
 have also, at fol. lxxiv, reverse, and clii, recto, (figures frequently 
 repeated) very exact representations of modern dress : the woman, 
 in the latter place, carries a Ridicule. Were it not for the number of 
 female figures already introduced I should be inclined to gratify the 
 admirer of ancient costume with these latter. Of the Men, I shall 
 now bring forward a variety of specimens ; exhibiting characters 
 of opposite casts, but many of them delineated with a spirit and truth 
 by no means common or despicable. I must however premise that, 
 there will be found numerous instances of these identical figures in the 
 Horace, of which fac-similes have been already given at p. 91-2 ante. 
 
 These are taken from folios xxxiv, reverse; xlVii reverse ; and lxii, 
 recto ; but they are repeatedly occurring in various contradictory places. 
 
 VOL. II. 3 K
 
 434 ANCIENT CLASSICS. ^Strasbourg ; 1496. 
 
 The following are of a more lively cast of character ; and are taken 
 from folios cxiii, recto; cxliiii, recto; and cl, reverse — but they are 
 also of frequent occurrence in the course of the impression. 
 
 A still more animated group is that of which the ensuing aiFords a fac- 
 simile : the figure to the right being one of the most frequent in 
 the Play (the Adelphi, fol. xcii, recto,) in which it occurs. This 
 combating group is not, however, as far as I can discover, repeated in 
 the Play. Those who are in possession of an ancient French transla- 
 tion of Terence, of the date of 1539, and entitled Le Grant Therence, 
 &.C* may observe how very much the ensuing scene is there softened 
 in the graphic representation of it. 
 
 * ' Le grant therece enfrancoys tat en Rime que en Prose Nouuellement Imprime a Paris 
 —par &uillaume de Bossozel au Chasteau rouge. M, D. xxxix.' Folio. A very curioiis 
 and interesting volume ; with which I hope to make the reader better acquainted on a 
 future occasion. Meanwhile, he may be informed that this impression contains a profusion 
 of cuts: — many of them, as in the above, frequently repeated — but having always, in the 
 background, a curtain, behind which the actors retire, or from which they occasionally peep, 
 or come forward, in a verj' striking and not uninteresting manner. Vogt and Bauer have 
 omitted this curious volume.
 
 Strasbourg; 1496.] TERENCE. 
 
 4;J5 
 
 We may contrast these by the following' sober delineations of Old Age: 
 
 v^
 
 436 
 
 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Strasbourg; 1496. 
 
 See folios iti, recto; lx, reverse; lv, recto; cix, recto; and cxliii, 
 reverse. There are yet other similar characters, which have equal, 
 and perhaps in the estimation of ether beholders, superior merit : but 
 enough has been shewn to prove that the artist ha:^ devoted no small 
 portion of attention and skill to the delineation of the more ancient 
 personages of the Drama. 
 
 Let us now conclude the whole with the representation of the 
 marriage of the Happy Couple,' Pamphilus and Philomena, exhi- 
 bited in the last large wood-cut,* prefixed to the play of the Hecyra. 
 The straight line, uniting each, is an illustration of what was said at 
 page 4^9 ante, t The figure of an old man, (in the original) to the , 
 right of Philomena, with a broad Turkish scymitar (frequently re- ! 
 peated) has great merit: — but some bounds must be placed to the 
 expenses of decoration . 
 
 * The figures in some of these great cuts are larger and more spirited than those in 
 the body of the text ; and indeed have a more than ordinary interest about them. The 
 old man, in tlie centre of the group, in the last page, is one of these figures. 
 
 t There is also another stiff black line, curving upwards from the breast of Pamphilus ; 
 but as the figure with which it communicates is not above introduced, it has been omitted. 
 It would be cnrious to ascertain, if possible, upon what species of wood these euts (mea- 
 seauring teu laches by six and a half) are executed.
 
 Strasbourg; 1496.] TERENCE. 
 
 437 
 
 Such is the copious, and it is presumed not uninteresting, illustration 
 of tliis extraordinary volume. I must add, that these fac-similes have 
 been executed with the most rigid attention to accuracy, and to wliat 
 they are professed to he. In the course of the original work, the 
 reader will observe that the impressions frequently vary in the exe- 
 cution ; being sometimes exceedingly blurred, and at other times dis- 
 tinct. The artists therefore have faithfully attended to the lines, 
 whether outer or inner ones ; and the diflFerence of effect, on compa- 
 rison between the originals and their copies, is solely attributable to 
 the superiority of modern workmanship, and to the blackness of the 
 ink with which this work is printed. 
 
 It remains to conclude the bibliographical description of this impres- 
 sion. The leaves are numbered on the rectos, with the exception of 
 the first five leaves, which have neither numerals nor signatures ; but 
 the printer will never be * avantageusement distingu^ entre les per- 
 «ionnes de sa profession,' (as Marchand is pleased to designate him,) for
 
 438 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Milan; 1493. 
 
 the accuracy of his folial numerals. Luckily, we are here assisted by 
 the signatures, which appear to run thus — b8;c8;d6;e6; 
 although the first four are marked as far as e iiij ; the same may be 
 said of f, g, h, and i — each having but 6 leaves : from i to z, inclu- 
 sively, we have also the same number of leaves to each signature — then 
 A, B, C, D, E, each with 6 leaves ; and F with 7 leaves. On the 
 reverse of F vij, we read, 
 
 Guidonis luuenalis Natione Genomani 
 epigramma : supeia causa operis suscepti 
 
 in 12 verses ; followed by 
 
 loannis Egidij Nuceriensis 
 Epigramma ad iuuenes 
 
 in 40 verses. Both these epigrams are reprinted in Mittarelli, col. 
 442-3. Beneath, we have the following imprint : 
 
 Immpressum in Imperiali ac vrbe libera Argentina Per ma;: 
 gistrum loanne Griininger accuratissime nitidissimeq; elabo 
 ratu Sc denuo reuisum atq; collectum ex diuersis commetarijs 
 Anno incarnatiois dominice Millesimo quaterq; centesimono 
 nagesimofexto. KalendariiveroNouembrium. Finitfoeliciter. 
 
 The present is a sound copy ; in calf binding. 
 
 482. Theocritus. Idyllia XVIII. Graece. 
 Supposed to have been printed at Milan, in the 
 Year 1493. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. It may be as well for the reader to turn for one 
 minute to p. 43 ante, and there read what has been said concerning 
 the Opera et Dies of Hesiod, which is subjoined to the present impres- 
 sion. He may also there correct what has been erroneously supposed to 
 be a just inference of Count Reviczky, that the Hesiod was joined to the 
 Is o CRATES of the date of 1493 : whereas it is indisputable that it forms 
 the latter part of the present pubHcation. At p. 97, ante, will be 
 found a fac-simile of the type of the text with which this impression 
 also is executed. The titles, in red capital letters, are similar, in form, to
 
 Milan; H93.] THEOCRITUS. 439 
 
 those in the Milan Psalter of 1481: see vol. i. p. l-SS. We will now 
 describe this impression particularly. On the recto of a i, the first 
 Idyllium commences thus : 
 
 ©EOKPl'TOT ©rPCIC *Hi2'AH^ 'EIA'TAAION . A . 
 
 06p<ng 1^u)^. 
 SwtV to \|/«5ue<(r/xa 
 
 Xa) UTZlTVi MTTOXS TYjVa 
 A TTOt) Talf TiatoLKTl 
 flSlikldlsTCH . aZu Is XOii TV 
 
 CugJO-Sej . jttjTa Trava to devT?gov Mkov oaroKrv^ 
 A<xa T)jvo<r eA>j xegaov Tgufov . aJoc to Aa\f;^. 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. The prefixes to the Idyllia are uniformly 
 printed in red capital letters. The signatures run thus : A has 7 leaves ; 
 B, r, and A, have each 8 leaves. On the reverse of A viij, all that 
 remains is the following : 
 
 Kcc) voQov . epfs<r^s 8e TrpcxroaZy ii.r,Ti KcSri<T^a.i . 
 Vieu[j.eQa xa,fjt,jjisi kg opQ^oVj bttuku vpaTog aoiZotr 
 Ef luvao" xeA«8i^cr>], avucry^cov eurpJ^a ZeipijV . 
 HjU-av at) viji,£vais fajx-M stt) roiSe p^apejy;5 . 
 
 TsXoa- Tou Qsoxg'iTOU 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf, E i, begins the Opera et Dies of 
 Hesiocl ; for which, see p. 43 ante. Warton and V^alcknaer, in the 
 prefaces to their respective editions of Theocritus, treat copiously of 
 the present impression. Morclli, in the Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 302, has 
 a brief but sensible memorandum upon the antiquity and rarity of this 
 edition ; which, as he properly observes, wants numerals and catchwords. 
 It was unknown to Fabricius, Maittaire, and Reiske. Consult also 
 Harles's Introd. Ling. Grcec. vol. i. p. 512; and his Fabric. Bibl. Grac. 
 vol. iii. p. 779. The supposed earlier impression, printed in the types 
 of the Greek Grammar of Lascar is, which Panzer notices in his 4th 
 vol. p. 361, seems to be an error first propagated by Bandini ; for this 
 latter bibliographer, in his Cat. Cod. Gtcec. in Bibl. Medic, vol. iii. p. 424, 
 thought the present edition was printed by the Juntae, in 1497, — as 
 he found a copy of it at the end of the Lascaris of 1480. But, in Ids
 
 440 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Aldusy 
 
 Juntar. Typog. Annal. Bandini relinquished this opinion. The foregoing 
 observations are taken from the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 272. 
 The present beautiful copy was formerly in the Pinelli Collection, and 
 was purchased at the sale of the library by Count Reviczky for 31 i. 10s. 
 It is in blue morocco binding. 
 
 483. Theocritus. Idyllia XXX. Greece. 
 Printed hy Aldus. Venice, 1495. Folio. 
 
 484. Idem Opus. Greece. Printed hy the Same. 
 Venice. 1495. Folio. 
 
 * Editio secunda : containing Thirty Eclogues of Theocritus, and 
 various Greek Opuscula* Reiske, who was in possession of a copy of this 
 work, and has described it minutely in the preface to his edition, ima- 
 gined that there were two distinct editions of the Aldine Theocritus (in 
 the same year), owing to some variations which he discovered. Warton 
 observes " There are two impressions, but it is the same edition. "f 
 The following are the important remarks of Renouard : " I have exa- 
 mined, from one end to the other, two distinct copies of this Aldine 
 edition of Theocritus, and I am well assured that there is but one 
 edition of the work; ten leaves have been reprinted, with important 
 corrections and additions ; that is to say, p. 77 to 80, and p. &5 to 
 p. 100. To distinguish the copies from each other, the earliest im- 
 pression has, on the first page of the sheet z f, two verses, of which 
 the last word is divided, so as to make the latter syllable or syllables 
 form a separate line, thus : 
 
 fx,e 
 
 eiieo 
 ng 
 
 the latter impression has each verse in one line. The back of the 
 last sheet G, in the latter impression, contains the verses on the 
 
 * — ' Catonis Romani sententiae paraeneticae distichi. Sententiae septem sapientum. De 
 Inuidia. Theognidis megarensis siculi sententiae elegiacas. Sententiae monosticlii per 
 Capita ex uariis poetis. Aurea Carmina Pythagorae. Phocylidae Poema admonitorium. 
 CarmiiiaSibyllaeerythreae de Christo lesu domino nostro. Diiferetia uocis. Hesiodi Theogonia, 
 Eiusdem scutum Herculis. Eiusdem georgicon libri duo,' 
 
 t Harles very justly remarks that these reimpressions were probably owing to some 
 emendations of the author, which Aldus discovered in obtainiug the Milan edition of 
 1493. Fabr. Bibl. Gmc. vol. iii. 780.
 
 Venet. 1495.] THEOCRITUS. 441 
 
 death of Adonis : in the earlier impression it is left blank. No doubt, 
 continues Renouard, "but the latter impression is the more valuable, 
 though the first may be rarer" — " merite trop peu r<iel pour faire 
 choisir de prdf^rence un livre moins ample et moins correct.'' The 
 preceding is also quoted in the Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 273-4. 
 But some other marks of distinction are subsequently stated. We may 
 be yet more particular. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, in both impressions, we read the Greek 
 and Latin titles ; the latter of which have been given ut length in the 
 last note : but the first few lines of the former, appertaining to the 
 present impression, are as follow : 
 
 TA' AE ENE2T EN TH» AE TH/ BI'BAI2.. 
 
 QsOKpiTOv elduWici TOUT sg-i fjuKgci 7roir]fx,aToi 
 
 TqiUXOVTOL. 
 
 Tou auTou Tsvos xa« srs^) tov psascoo' tmv jOtouxoAixoJv.* 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 Haec sunt in hoc libio 
 
 Theocriti Eclogae triginta. 
 
 Genus Theocriti &: de inuentione bucolicorum. 
 
 On the reverse of this leaf, in both impressions, is an address of Aldus 
 to his former tutor Baptista Guarinus ; a part of which may be in- 
 teresting to the reader, 
 
 Hijc uero librum tibi dicamus Piasceptor 
 Excel, turn mea in Veronenses beniuolentia (debeo enim 
 plurimum Veronesibus. Nam a Gaspare Veronensi pere- 
 gregio gramatico didici Roma; latinas litteras. a te uero 
 Ferrariae 8c latinas k. gra^cas). f 
 
 On the recto of the following leaf, in either impression, A. A ii, the 
 text of Theocritus begins thus : 
 
 ©EOKPI'TOT ©rPSiS H* i2*AH' 
 E'lAriVAION nPI2TON. 
 ©rPSiS H" 12'AH', 
 
 ♦ Sic. 
 
 t Renouard has briefly alluded to this address in his Life of the Elder Aldus, p. 8, note. 
 His description of the above editions is coiuparatively briel". 
 VOL. II. 2 L
 
 442 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Aldus; VeneU 1495. 
 
 AuTi TO 4/j9ug»(rjtx,a xai a7r» 
 
 Tucr aiTToAe ri^va 
 A'ttotj TaTf TTOLyoCKTi ju.sA«(r- 
 
 SeT«». aSu 8e xai tu 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. The termination of the xviiith Bucolic, on 
 the reverse of E. E. i, is precisely the same, in both impressions, as are 
 the four verses given in the last extract, from the Milan impression. 
 Then follows 
 
 EniTA'^IOS BI'ONOS BOTKO'AOT 
 ETPllTIKOT ErAIAAION. T. 
 
 which has 5 pages, ending on EE iii, reverse. Then 
 
 E^TPOnH E'lArAAION. T. 
 
 which ends at the bottom of the reverse of EE vj. Next, on Z. F. 
 recto, at top 
 
 KHPIOKAE'nTHS. 
 
 having 8 verses beneath : 
 
 E''niTA'4>I0S A^AIINIAO^ 
 
 which ends on the reverse of Z F. ii. As far as Z F v, both editions 
 seem precisely similar, in substance ; but on the recto of this signa- 
 ture, in the first impression, we read 
 
 MEFA'PArrNH^ H'PAKAEOTS. 
 
 MA'reg Ijaa T»(pS' wSe ^j'Aov kuto. fiojaov 
 
 in the second, it is 
 
 MErA'PATTNtf H'PAKAEOT^. 
 
 Marsg Ijxa tji^Q' wSs <piXov xara ^v[i,o\i luTfleii 
 
 After the 13th verse of the same,* the impressions wholly vary from 
 each other. This poem ends, in the first impression, on Z. F vj, 
 reverse. Beneath, we have 
 
 AIO'SKOTPOI . KOlNHi TA'AI. 
 
 On G III. recto ; 
 
 MI^IIN 4>IAE'ONTA. 
 
 * See Mr. Beloe's Anecdotes of Lit. and Scarce Books, vol. i. p. 76 : where an error in 
 my former description of these editions is properly noticed : but which error does not 
 appear in the last edition (1808) of the Introd to the Classics.
 
 TFithout. Date.] THUCYDIDES. 443 
 
 On © G nil. reverse; 
 
 H'XHMA MOTSUN IT ©EOKPI'TOY :SrPirH. 
 TX2i nANl'. 
 On the recto of the following leaf; 
 
 E'lS NEKPON A*Ai2NlN. 
 On the reverse of the same : 
 
 TENOS ©EGKPITI'TOT. 
 
 Then follow six verses of Artemidorus the Grammarian, and four 
 verses concerning the Bucolics. On the recto of the ensuing leaf 
 
 nEPr E'TPE':SEX22 Ti2N BOTKOA1KX2N. 
 
 filling the entire page, and having the reverse of the leaf blank. Tn 
 the SECOND impression, on the recto of©. G. i, we read 
 
 ©rOx^iTOu SjoVxougo*. y.oivr[ia.h lyxa>ju.«as"txov 
 
 ending on the reverse of © G. 4. Next, 
 
 ©eoxg/roy lqagy^(T hoqlh SiJjy^/xarai. 
 
 ending on the reverse of © G. vj, at bottom, with 
 
 TjAoj 
 
 Next follows, on the recto of the ensuing leaf, a Greek inscription 
 TIi< riANr, within a wood-cut cylindrical form : on the reverse of 
 which we read the Epitaph of Adonis : 
 
 E IS NEKPO N A'AnXlN. 
 
 The signatures in each, as far as EE, run in eights. EE to © G, in- 
 clusively, in sixes. The remaining works, as designated in the title, 
 immediately follow. The date of these impressions is gathered from 
 that of the Hesiod : vide p. 45 ante. Of the present copies, that of 
 the first edition is an exceedingly fine one, in green morocco binding. 
 The copy of the second edition is in the same binding, and has a 
 duplicate leaf of © G. 3. 
 
 485. Thucydides. Latine. Without Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 The compiler of the Crevenna Catalogue, vcl. iv. p. 68, conjectures 
 this edition to have been executed ' about 1496;' and De Bure says 
 •before the year 1500.' The account of the latter, in which it is called
 
 4i4 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Without Date. 
 
 ' Edition peu consideree des Savans, mais assez recherch^e des Curieux, 
 parcequ'elle est la premiere' — is rather circumstantial. Seemiller is 
 also worth consultation. Incunah. Typog.fasc. iv. p. 153. We may be 
 brief in our description of it. On the recto of the first leaf, a ii, begins 
 an interesting • proheme' of Laurentius Valla to Pope Nicolas V. This 
 proheme fiUs each side of the leaf. On the recto of the following leaf, 
 a iii, we read this prefix to the Latin version : 
 
 THVCYDIDIS HISTORIARVM PELOPONNENSIVM LIBER PRI 
 MVS. 
 
 There are 42 lines below : a full page contains 45 lines. The signa- 
 tures, from a to r, run regularly in eights ; (a blank leaf forming a i) 
 and on the recto of r v, is the following subscription : 
 
 THVCYDIDIS ATHENIENSIS HISTORICI GRAVISSIMI LIBER 
 OCTAVVS ET VLTIMVS: 
 
 FINIT. 
 LAVS D EG 
 
 On the reverse of this leaf is the address of Bartholoniaeus Parthenius 
 to Francis, ' the son of Louis Theonus.' On the recto of the ensuing 
 leaf, is the Life of Thucydides by the same Parthenius ' ex Marcellino 
 Grseco;' ending on the reverse of the same leaf. The recto of the 
 following leaf is blank ; but a register is on the reverse of it, from 
 which we learn the order of the signatures as before described. The 
 present is a large and beautiful copy of this well printed book. It is 
 in russia binding. 
 
 486. TiBULLUS. Supposed to have been printed 
 hy Florentius de jtlrgentina. Without PlacCy 
 or Date. Quarto. 
 
 Morelli has given a particular and animated description of this 
 splendidly-executed little volume. He considers it to be the first 
 separate publication of the poet, and justly observes that its rarity is 
 equal to its beauty, Bihl. Pinell. vol. ii. p. 383. The printer of it has 
 been already introducedto the notice of the reader, in an account of an 
 edition of Rufus Sextus, at page 322 ante. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read as follows :
 
 Without Date.] TIBULLUS. 445 
 
 ALBII . TIBVLI . POETAE . ILLVS 
 TRIS . LIBER . PRIMVS . ET. PRIMO 
 PRAEMIVM : QVOD . DIVITIIS : 
 ATQVE . MILICIA , SPRETIS . DELI 
 AM . AMET . ET . AMORI . VACAR 
 E . PRORS VS . VELIT . INCIPIT . FOE . 
 luitias alius fuluo sibi cogcrat auro 
 Et teneat cuiti iugera magna soli . 
 Que labor assiduq uicio terreat hoste 
 Martia cui sonos classica pulsa fuget 
 M e mea paupertas uitag traducat iaerti 
 
 D um meus assiduo luceat igiie focus . 
 I pse sera teneras maturo tepore uites 
 Rusticus : 8c facili grandia poma niauu . 
 8cc 8cc. See. 
 
 A full page has 24 ines. There are titles to the Elegies, but no spaces 
 between them; and the first word of the title is usually in capital 
 letters. The last eflFusion of the poet is entitled ' AD AMICAM.' 
 On the reverse of fol. 42, (pencil numerals) we read, 
 
 TETRASTICON dc infamia su« puella. 
 
 Beneath, is the epitaph of Tibullus in 4 verses ; and a brief account, or 
 eulogy, of him in 7 lines of prose. On the recto of the following and 
 43rd leaf, begins the Epistle of Sappho to Phaon, from Ovid, without 
 prefix. This Epistle closes the volume on the reverse of the 47th leaf, 
 thus : 
 
 I 11a fures phaoni qua scripsit epla sappho 
 
 Explict : ex gra^co transtulit. Ouidius. 
 
 There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. The present 
 is a desirable, although soiled, copy of this rare and beautiful impres- 
 sion ; which Morelli thinks was printed about the year 1472. It is in 
 blue morocco binding.
 
 446 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bologna; 1474. 
 
 487- Valerius Flaccus. Printed hy Rugerius 
 and Bertockus. Bologna, 14/4. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. ' Quaenam princeps sit editio, nondum est ex- 
 ploratum ;' says Harles, in his Brev. Not. Lit. Rom. p. 461. This point 
 will be discussed in the account of the ensuing edition. Meanwhile^ 
 in opposition to the arrangement of Panzer, the present impression is 
 here inserted as the earliest of the author. It is a book of extreme 
 rarity ; and such copies of it, as is the one under description, will never 
 fail to bring very considerable prices. This edition is printed in a small 
 and delicate Roman type, like that of the Manilius, executed by the 
 same printers : see p. 162 ante. On the recto of the first leaf, we 
 read the opening of the poem, thus : 
 
 C. VALERII FLACCI SETINI BALBI ARGO 
 NAVTICON LIBER PRIMVS INCIPIT FELI 
 CITER. 
 
 Rima deu magnis caimus freta puia nautis 
 Fatidicamq; rate scjthici quae pliasidis oras 
 Ausa sequi . mediosq; iteriuga coeita cursus 
 Rupere : flamifero tande consedit olympo 
 
 Phoebe mone . si cumcae mihi concita uatis 
 
 Stat casta gortina domo : si laurea digna 
 8cc. 8cc. Xcc. 
 
 There are 26 lines below : a full page has 36 lines. On the recto of 
 the 81st and last leaf, pencil-numbered in this copy, we read the con- 
 clusion of the poem, and the colophon, thus : 
 
 Heret . 8c hie presens pudor. hie decreta suorum 
 Cura prement . ut cunq; tamen mulcere genientem 
 Temptat . 8c ipse gemens k. tempora currere dietis 
 Mene aliquid meruisse putas : rae talia uelle? 
 
 ? FINIS ? 
 BONONIAE IMPRESSVM PER ME VGONEM
 
 Without Date.] VALERIUS FLACCUS. 4^7 
 
 RVGERIVM . ET DONINVM* BERTOCHVM 
 REGIENSES ANNO DOMINI . M . CCCC . LXX 
 mi . DIE.SEPTIMA: MADII?* LAVS DEO: 
 
 : ? AMEN? ; 
 
 There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. De Bare 
 is brief and superficial ; Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n°. 2807 : but Fossi 
 is particular and interesting in his description of this volume, which 
 he calls ' Editio princeps et eximiai raritatis.' The latter speaks of a 
 copy abundantly charged with the ms. notes of Inghiramius ; contain- 
 ing various readings and commentaries : Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. col. 
 739-740. Copies were in the Harleian, Valliere, Pinelli, and Lomenie 
 Collections. That in the La Valliere Library was sold ft)r 710 livres. 
 See Bibl. Harl, vol. i. n°. 3953; Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. n". 2519; 
 \ Bibl. Pinell. vol. ii. n°. 5059; Index Libror. vol. i. p. 335. The present 
 may be called a magnificent copy ; and is bound in red morocco. 
 
 488. Valerius Flaccus. Printed hy De Riijoli. 
 Florence. IVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 It seems i-ather extraordinary that Panzer should commence his list 
 with the present edition. The doubt expressed by Harles, whose 
 bibliographical authority is far from requiring implicit submission, 
 seems to have had an unnecessary influence with him. La Serna 
 Santander does not notice the typographical labours of De Ripoli in his 
 first volume ; but at vol. iii. p. 414, he mentions this edition, and seems 
 to dissent from those bibliographers who consider it to be the first. 
 The discovery of signatures, which (as Maittaire has properly observed) 
 are generally placed in an even hne with the last of the text, proves 
 only that, in all probability, the impression was subsequent to the 
 year 1472. I am however of opinion, from the general appearance 
 of it, that the edition must be considered of a date posterior to that 
 of the foregoing one. See Maittaire's Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 748, 
 note 3. The account of this rare and estimable impression (which has 
 escaped the knowledge of many bibliographers,) in the Introd. to the 
 Clussicn, vol. ii. p. 299, is exceedingly imperfect and unsatisfactory. I 
 proceed therefore to make amends for former negligence. 
 
 Sk.
 
 448 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {Without Bate. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, the poem commences in the following 
 manner : 
 
 C . VALERII FLACCI SETINI BALBI AR 
 GONAVTICON . LIBER PRIMVS INCI 
 PIT FELICITER. 
 
 Rima deu magnis canimus freta puia nautis 
 Fatidicaq; rate scythici quae phasidis oias 
 Ansa sequi . mediosq; iter iuga cocita cursus 
 Runipere . flamifero tandem consedit olympo 
 Phoebe mone . si cumeae mihi concita uatis 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. There are blank spaces between the books, 
 but no titles. The signatures, from a to n, run in eights. This latter 
 signature has only six leaves ; on the recto of the vjth of which, the 
 volume closes thus : 
 
 Temptat . Xc ipse gemens 8c tempora cunere dictis 
 Mene aliquid meruisse putas : me talia uelle.? 
 FINIS ? LAVS DEO , 
 
 *Ipressum florentiae apud sanctum 
 lacobum de ripoli . 
 
 AMEN. 
 
 With the exception of an unlucky worm-hole, which has entirely 
 pervaded the volume, the present is a beautiful and desirable copy. It 
 is large, and bound in green morocco. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 Without Date.] VALERIUS MAXIM US. 449 
 
 489. Valerius Maximus. Supposed to have been 
 printed hy Mentelin at Strashourg. Without 
 Date, Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The earliest bibliog:raj)her who has given a 
 detailed description of this rare and valuable impression, is Freytag ; 
 who, in his Analect. Litterar. vol. ii. p 1017, notices a ms. memo- 
 randum in the copy which he saw, affixing the date of 1470 as that of 
 the period of its execution. It will be seen, at p. 407, that something 
 like a similar date is assigned to the edition of Terence, executed by 
 the same printer. From the united opinions of bibliographers, res- 
 pecting the time when the present publication, and those of the 
 Terence and Virgil — (all executed in the same characters, and usually 
 attributed to the press of Mentelin) — appeared, it may safely be con- 
 cluded that these editions were printed rather before than after the 
 year 1470. Seemiller and Braun have been each particular ; but the 
 account of Freytag is at once copious and instructive. Neither De 
 Bure nor the Bipont editors appear to have had any knowledge res- 
 pecting this impression.* liaire, in a brief notice of it, shews us how 
 essentially it varies from the subsequent impressions. See Incunab. 
 Typog.fasc. i. p. 122 ; Notit. Hist. Lit. pt. i. p. 12 ; and Index. Libror. 
 vol. i. p. 54-5. The following description of it may be sufficiently 
 particular. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf the text commences thus : 
 
 • 'Cum Germanie Editiones antiquae, quse sine loco et typographo exierunt pkrumque e 
 Codicibus fideliter transcriptae fuisse \adentur, illud de hac Valerii Maximi qnamniaxinie 
 praedicandum censeo. Ab editoribus nondum, quod scio, liactenus tractata est, qu<»d eo 
 magis dolcnduni est, ex infinita lectionum mcs>e, quae literalos homines etiaiunura latent. 
 Harum quaedam exempla profert Freytagius. 
 
 ' Libros nota carentes omnes absque discrimine in contemptu liabere solent viri docti, 
 quorum quidem sententiis me consentientem pnrbere nolo. Pemmltis eiiim in hac recensioue 
 eorum oculis me subjecturum confido, qui onmi laudis pracoiiio ceiebrari merentur. 
 Valerhtm Maximum, Mextelianvm, hoc temporis nomino, alios auctores posthsc 
 6upp>editaturus. 
 
 • Hajc editio post librura nonum desinit, vel quia in codice nihil ulterius ropertum fuit, vil 
 consilio editoris, qui sequentia etsi in aliis editionibus conspiciuiitur, ad auctoreni parum 
 perlinere censuit.' Late Bishop of Ely: MS. Memoranda. 
 
 VOL. II, 3 M
 
 450 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Mentz; 1471. 
 
 taakrij JtH^ajrtmi factotu et tiictotum mcmorabxlium. 
 %b Zihttm cesarean %ihtt ptimu^ incipit felicitcr 
 
 Capitula ^^cimi lifiri 
 5^rimum tie religione J>ecuntitt tic ncglecta reKgioe 
 '^ewium tic omtniliUjef. (iSuartum tic protiigij^ef* <Bm 
 turn tic ^omjinjisf. d^crtum tic miracuUjSf 
 
 ^hi^ romc cjctcrarumq; gcntiu facta 
 ^imul ac tiicta mcmoratu tiigna iq aputi 
 a\w^ iathi^ titffu3^a ^unt quam tJtBrcut 
 ttt cogno^ci pofjefint ah iilujsftnfio tictta 
 auctoribuflf bcligcrc can^titui. at tiocu^ 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page contains 34 lines. The titles to the chapters are in lower- 
 case lettej ; and there are, of course, neither numerals, signatures, nor 
 catchwords. On the reverse of fol. 159, and last, there are 15 lines 
 of text : the last three lines of which are as follow : 
 
 crat quamquam pent toeing oricnti^ cuntatiim ct gen 
 cium trctiula isfufftagacionc ftiltum cajiut impcrio tic:= 
 mcntcr imminent iu^to iitijrcntii ^upjilicio cocgit. 
 
 Like all the books executed by Mentelin, whether in his small or 
 larger Gothic * type, the present volume affords a fine specimen of 
 ancient paper and ink. It is also a most desirable copy for amplitude, 
 and is beautifully bound by Walther in red-morocco. 
 
 490. Valerius Maxim us. Printed hy Schoeffer. 
 Mentz. 1471. Folio. 
 
 This impression usually takes precedence of the Venetian one by 
 Vindelin de Spira, and is accoi'dingly described in the present order ; 
 although I am not disposed to subscribe wholly to the opinions of De 
 Bure and Crevenna, which seem to have it concluded that the Mentz 
 
 * The fac-simile of the Virgil in the Valiiere copy vol. ii. p. 80, shews the type of the 
 above work and of the Terence noticed at p. 401 ante.
 
 Mejitz; 1471.] VALERIUS MAXIMUS. 451 
 
 edition preceded the Venetian one 'by some months." If it be so, how 
 comes it that this impression contains more than the ensuing one ? 
 ■ although, upon reconsideration, this may only prove that Vindelin de 
 isjiira had no knowledge of the present edition. The point of chronolo- 
 gical priority, is yet, however, fairly subjudice. 
 
 On the recto of tlie first leaf, we read as follows : 
 
 taalerij Sl^anmt Hlomane urbitf iurtflfpitir?imi ' in lihni 
 fact02f tt Dictoruin mcmocabilifi ati Cibccu ccaaccm 
 iJlibisf ^o\m extc^ ^tttaiio incipit 
 ranimq; gcntiti facta ^inuil ac Dicta 
 mcmoratu bigiia/ que apuD alioflf la- 
 tin^ tiiffuaa ^ut/ ut nuambrcuitcc to^ 
 gno^ci pofsint ' ab iUu^tribu^ electa 
 aiictoritiu.fif/ ticligerc 2^titm . ut bocu:^ 
 
 &:c. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The first two entire lines of the above, and the two last words of the 
 third line, are executed in red ink ; in a manner so skilful and pleasing, 
 that it may be questioned whether they do not defy competition in the 
 annals of modern printing. The two ensuing prefixes, one on the 
 recto, and the other on the reverse, of the first leaf, are also printed in 
 red ink ; but no more similar ones occur throughout the volume : a 
 sort of capricious distinction, which Fust and SchoefFer observed in 
 their Bible of 1462. ^^'^henever one of the books of the Historian 
 concludes on the reverse of a leaf, the ensuing book commences on the 
 recto of the following one ; leaving, in general, a considerable blank 
 space below the tei*mination of the preceding book. On the reverse 
 of fol. 186", being within 11 leaves of the conclusion of the impression, 
 the ixth book ends, according to the extract just given from Mcn- 
 telin*s edition. An idea of a xth book is thus thrown out ; and 
 excerpts from it ensue. 
 
 <!Scimuitf l|uiu?tf operisf iitier qui et uUmnij^ eet 
 
 \jel ex negligetia aut niaJiuolftia iibrario^f be 
 
 pcrijt . afibreuiator berc titulo.i^ dm tjaljeliat 
 
 integre fortafj^isf ♦ tii tie bno tfn l^oc esft tie pnoniine epi 
 
 tljoma rep^entaliat . pecimi lihti Caij titi probi . 
 
 8cc. 8cc. k.c.
 
 452 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [P'bmce; 1471. 
 
 On the reverse of the 4th following leaf, begins an alphabetical table, 
 or index, in long lines, occupying 7 leaves, and terndinating the im- 
 pression on the recto of fol. 197. from that on which the text begins. 
 Beneath this table we read the ensuing colophon printed in red : 
 
 ^tt^cn^ ma\m\ ^^arimi opusf pdarifsfimu ' in nobili 
 urBe a^ofrutina* iilticm/ tcrminatu/ anno Sr^.cccc.lm. 
 ♦ rtJiiJ ftaJetii^ iuli}^ '■ pec egcegium gctru ^ctjopfect tie 
 (^ernsffjem artisf impfiaforie mgcm ' feliciter t J^amattt 
 
 {The shields in red are beneath.) 
 
 A full page has 30 lines. Both Schwarz and Wurdtwein are brief; and 
 Crevenna is rather concise. De Bare might have been more instruc- 
 tive : he notices however the rarity and worth of the vellum copies, 
 of which the present is one — it having been formerly in the Boze, 
 Gaignat, and La Valliere Libraries. Count Reviczky bought it at the 
 sale of the latter collection for 1500 livres.* It is very fine, and bound 
 in old blue morocco. The reader may consult the Prim. Quced. Doc. 
 Typog. pt. ii. p. 28 ; Bibl. Mogunt. p. 101 ; Cat. de Crevenn. vol. v. 
 p. 174 ; and Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. vi. p. 449. 
 
 491. Valerius Maximus. Printed hy Vindelin 
 de Spira. Venice. 1471- Folio. 
 
 This is a magnificent and desirable impression. On the reverse of 
 the first leaf begins a table of the chapters of the ix Books. Each book 
 is designated by capital letters. This table terminates on the reverse 
 of the 2d leaf. On the recto of the 3d leaf, the text begins thus : 
 
 Valerii Maximi liber primus. 
 R B I S Romp exterarumq; gentium facta simul 
 ac dicta memoratu digna qup apud alios latius 
 diffusa sunt : q ut breuiter cognosci possint ab illu/ 
 tribus electa auctoribus deligere constitui ; Vt 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 A full page has 41 lines. The chapters are divided into sections, with 
 
 * A similar copy was in the Harleian Collection : Bibl, Harl. vol. i. no. 4676. vol. iii. 
 no. 3211. * Sic.
 
 JVithont Date.] VALERIUS xMAXlMUS. 453 
 
 prefixes in lower-case letter. On the recto of fol. l-i^ and last, the 
 text concludes thus, with the following colophon : 
 
 impendere supplicio coegit. FINIS EST 
 .M.CCCC.LXXI. 
 
 Impressum foimis iustoq; nitorc coruscans 
 Hoc Viiideliiius coiididit artis opus. 
 
 A fine illuminated copy of this edition is described in the Bibl. Harleian. 
 vol. iii. n°. 11 "28. Tlie present copy was purchased by Count Keviczky 
 at the Valliere sale for 902 livres, and was formerly in the collection 
 of Count Hoyni. See the authorities in the Introd. to the Classics, 
 vol. ii. p. 304. Although this is a large copy, and ruled with red 
 lines, it has too tawny an aspect; and exhibits rather a clumsily exe- 
 cuted specimen of the Spira press. Brunet says it is ' more sought 
 after than the preceding edition ;' but this is very questionable. In 
 blue morocco binding. Count Hoym's copy. 
 
 492. Valerius Maxim us. TVithout Name of 
 Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 This is an impression of such rarity, that it seems to have escaped 
 the notice of almost every bibliographer. It will not be found in the 
 works of Panzer or Brunet ; and although, as I shall presently endeavour 
 to prove, it is probably a production of the Brescia Press, it has not 
 been noticed by the author of the Litteratura Br'uiana, nor by Boni in 
 his Primi Libri a Stampa di Alcune Citta e Terre dell' Italia Superiore, 
 1794, folio. Count Reviczky has a brief description of it in his MS. 
 Memoranda, and thinks that it may be of equal antiquity with eitlier 
 of the preceding impressions. On the recto of the first leaf, we 
 read the commencement, thus : 
 
 Valerii Maxinii Liber primus 
 VRBIS Rome exteraruq; gentium facta si 
 niul ac dicta memoratu digna quae apud a/ 
 lios latius diffusa sut q ut breuiter cogno 
 sci possint ab illustribus electa autoribus 
 Sec. 8cc. Xcc. 
 Throughout the entire impression there are sections to each chapter,
 
 454 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [fVithoui Date. 
 
 as ia the $pira edition. A full page has 35 lines. On the recto of 
 fol. 148 and last, the conclusion of the text, and the commencement 
 of the table, are thus : 
 
 iusto ipedere supplicio coegit. Et Sic Est FiniS. 
 Rubrice libri primi Val. M. Da patientia. 
 De religione. Qui huili loco nati clari eu- 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This table is printed in two columns ; and ends at the bottom of the 
 reverse of the same and last leaf:* the last line of the second column 
 being as follows : 
 
 familiis iserere conati sut. 
 
 I have ventured to conjecture that this edition was executed at Brescia. 
 On a comparison with the impressions of Lucretius and Propertius 
 (especially with those of the latter,) noticed at pages 149, 288, ante, 
 we discover the same formation of letter, whether capital or small — 
 also, the same irregularity of press work, and manufacture of paper. 
 It may therefore be rationadly conjectured that the present impression 
 was executed by Ferandus at Brescia ; and if so, that it was published 
 from a different MS., and is likely to be of use to some future editor 
 of the author. There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. 
 The present is a remarkably fine copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 493. DioNYsius De Burgo In Valerium Maxi- 
 mum. Without Name of Printer, Place, or 
 Date. Folio. 
 
 This impression is of nearly equal rarity with the preceding one. 
 Neither Fabricius nor Ernesti were aware of the Commentary of D. de 
 Burgo being in print; and Ossinger (according to the excellent 
 account of this edition by Braun,) was equally ignorant of its existence. 
 Maittaire is the only bibliographer, before Braun, who notices it. 
 Laire refers the reader to Braun. Bibl. Lat. vol. ii. p. 53 ; Notit. Hist. 
 Lit. pt. i. p. 112-3; Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 751; and Lidex Libror. 
 vol. i. 126-7- The volume is executed in the Roman type, and is dis- 
 tinguished, like the Plutarch and Terence noticed at p. 416 ante, by 
 the peculiar formation of the letter R. The text of the historian does 
 
 * It is probably imperfect
 
 IFithout Date.] VEGETIUS. 455 
 
 not accompany the commentary. On the recto of the first leaf, we 
 read as follows : 
 
 Incipit epistola super declaracione Valerii Maxi/ 
 mi. Edita . a fratre djonisio de Burgo sancti sepulcri/ 
 ordinis fratrum hereniitarnm* sancti Augustini. 
 
 There are 31 lines below; but a full page contains 36 lines. At the 
 bottom of this first page, there is a ms. nufe, in red ink, of the date of 
 1480, which informs us that the copy under description once belonged 
 to the convent ' fratrum ordinis predicatorum in leubna.' On the recto 
 of fol. 2, the text commences thus : 
 
 Capl'm pmum. De religione. 
 
 Rbis ronie zc. Valerius liuic opi 
 suo piimo proheniium ponit: 1 quo 
 suu ^positum osteudes : auditores 
 beniuolos facit. Secudotractatuin 
 
 On the recto of fol. 369, and last, we read the concluding sentence at 
 bottom : 
 
 cl'm societatis humae : i q veritatis religio tue!. Ic ip 
 se de<) colit. i cuig y.de cultu sincere etna vita ^mit/ 
 tit. In secula seculorum. Amen. 
 
 Here is also another, ms. note, of the date 1475: so that the present 
 impression may have been executed towards the year 1471. This is a 
 large copy in sound and genuine condition : in old calf binding. 
 
 494. Vegetius. Supposed to have heen printed hy 
 Ketelaer. Without Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 This is considered by bibliographers to be the Editio Princeps of 
 the author ; although neither La Serna Santander nor Brunet seem to 
 be aware of the impression here next described. Diet. Bibtiogr. Choisi. 
 vol. iii. p. 430; Manuel dii Libraire, vol. ii. p. 617- This edition ha« 
 
 • Sic
 
 ^56 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {fFithoiit Date. 
 
 not escaped Meerman. In the Orig. Typog. vol. i. cvi.-viii., notice 
 is taken of several works printed in the sSime character with that of 
 the present one ; and the second fac-simile in the viith plate, vol. i., 
 presents us with the first four lines, or title, as below extracted. This 
 fac-simile may be sufficient to direct us in a knowledge of the type of 
 Ketelaer ; but it is far from being completely accurate. Meerman had 
 rather a whimsical notion, that these types were first used by the heirs 
 or successors of Laurence Coster, at Haarlem, who adopted them on 
 rejecting the ruder ones of Coster himself; and who afterwards sold 
 them to Ketelaer and De Leempt. Jansen has thought proper to 
 adopt this whimsical and, in all probability, fallacious supposition. De 
 V Invention de V Imprimerie, &c. 1809, 8vo. p. 346-7. We may further 
 premise, that the present is the edition, for an account of which Denis 
 (as quoted by Panzer) refers to Meerman. On the recto of the first 
 leaf, we read the opening thus : 
 
 flauij bebati tcnati bin inujsfmjS?. €jrttoma be re 
 militari incipit 3[n epitonia tjjtitut02f rei miiita 
 ti^ tie conietarij^ catljoisf aiigu^efti traiani atiriani 
 necno et ianie frontoni in quatuor ptejef tii^tinctu 
 
 A prose prefix, and a table of 3 leaves (including the first leaf) follow. 
 The prologue of the author is on the recto of the 4th leaf; the first 
 book begins on the reverse of the same leaf. There are prefixes to 
 each of the chapters in the several books ; but neither signatures, 
 numerals, nor catchwords. A full page has 31 lines. On the reverse 
 of fol. 55 and last, the subscription is thus : 
 
 5FIaiiij tictiati renati tjiri iJlu^^ttt^ 
 €pitoma ht re inilitari explicit felici!. 
 
 The present is a large and beautiful copy of this uncommon book, and 
 is bound in red-morocco.
 
 Without Date.] VEGETIUS. 457 
 
 495. Vegetius. Supposed to have been printed hy 
 Ccesaris and Stol. Without Place, or Date, 
 Quarto. 
 
 This impression seems to have escaped tlie notice of bibliographers, 
 as it is not mentioned by Panzer, La Serna Santander, or Brunet. It 
 may probably be anterior to the preceding one. On the recto of the 
 first leaf, it commences thus : 
 
 Flaii vegecii renati viri illustris comitis epi^ 
 ihoma institutoru rei militaris tie comentariis 
 Augusti traiani Adriani necno etiam frontini ; 
 
 An account of the contents of the four books of the author, ensues. 
 Below, is the whole of what appears, in this page, of the prologue : 
 
 PROLOGVS PRIMI LIBRI 
 INCIPIT FELICITER , 
 
 Ntiquis temporibus nios fuit bonarum 
 
 artiu studia mandare litteris/ atq; i libros 
 
 redacta offerre priucipibus. Quianeq; rectea:: 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 25 lines. On the recto of fol. 66, beneath tlie word 
 FINIS, we read this subscription. 
 
 Flaii vegecii Renati viri illustris 
 comitis epithoma Institutoru rei 
 militaris tiesinit feliciter; 
 
 Then follow tables of the chapters in the several books, upon 3 leaves 
 and a half; concluding the impi'ession at the bottom of the reverse of 
 folio 69 and last. The present copy of this very rare book is rather 
 an indifferent one ; in calf binding. 
 
 3 N
 
 458 ANCIENT CLASSICS. {fViihout Date. 
 
 496. Vegetius. Supposed to have been printed by 
 Gotz. Without Place or Date. Folio. 
 
 * Nicolas Gotz of Schletztat (according to La Serna Santander,) 
 printed a Life of Christ in 1474, folio. The same artist printed again 
 in 1478. His name never appears, after this date, in any publication.' 
 Diet. Bibliogr. Choisi. vol. i. p. 161. But neither La Serna Santander, 
 nor Lambinet, nor Jansen, appear to have had any knowledge of 
 the present edition. It has also escaped Panzer and Brunet. That it 
 is the production of a Cologne printer (and in all probability of Gotz,) 
 there can be little hesitation. It is executed in double columns, in the 
 usual type of the early Cologne artists ; and presents us with the 
 following prefix, at top of the first column, on the recto of the first 
 leaf: 
 
 f laui bcgecij tenati tjiri iHu^^^ 
 tti^ ^Tomiti^ epitljomia tti mi 
 Ittari^ Jifirinumero^tuor fclici 
 tet incipiunt ♦ et j»rimo tie quo 
 agii in bno q^ iifiro. 
 
 The contents of the four books are then briefly stated ; and what is 
 considered as the ' prologue' in Ketelaer's impression, is here made the 
 first chapter of the first book. A full page has 38 lines. There are 
 neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. On the reverse of the 
 38th and last leaf, the last lines of the xxxxviith chapter of the last 
 book are these : 
 
 iHeticebii juto qr atti^ sp\m0 
 fttqmtm tj^ujf inbcnit ^ tjet9 
 bottrina itiojeftrauctat ♦ : ♦ 
 
 The first two letters probably designate the name of the printer, Nicolas 
 Gotz ; the third, the place of his residence. The present is a beautiful 
 copy, splendidly bound in green morocco.
 
 Without Date.] MRGIL. 
 
 459 
 
 497. ViRGiLius Opera. Printed hy Sweijnheym 
 and Pannartz. Rome. IVithoat Bate. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. The order of our researches into the early im- 
 pressions of Ancient Classical Authors, has at length brought us 
 to the present very rare, and imperfectly known, edition of the larger 
 and minor poems of Virgil. Such a publication should be described 
 with accuracy and minuteness ; yet Audiffredi has, as usual, left little 
 that is material to add to his own excellent account of it. 
 
 Although the ensuing impression of the Eclogues, Georgics, and 
 Mne\d, is undoubtedly of considerable antiquity, and may probably be 
 an anterior production, yet we are certain, from the preface to the 
 present edition, that it was executed in the year 1469, and before the 
 Lucan of the same date. The Bishop of Aleria, the editor of it, speaks 
 of it as being the first poetical publication of the press of Sweyn- 
 heyra and Pannartz. As we do not therefore positively know the 
 exact period when the subsequent impression was printed, and as some 
 ancient ms. notes found in the impressions of Terence and Valerius 
 Maximus, executed in the same type, do not affix a more ancient date 
 than that of 1470 to the latter, (see pages 407", 449, ante,) we should 
 not be justified, against the express evidence above noticed, in causing 
 the ensuing to take the precedency of the present edityjn. Correct 
 reasoning therefore, as well as courtesy, may warrant us in assigning 
 the present order to these two earliest impressions of the Mantuan 
 Bard. It may further be remarked, that Quirini has a good account 
 of the first two Roman impressions of the poet— the latter of which is 
 at present wanting in this Collection — and that De Bure has been 
 rather copious and particular in his description of the present one. 
 See De Optimor. Scriptor. Edit. p. 161, &c.; Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. 
 p. 78. Ernesti had erroneously supposed the impression was executed 
 in 1466 ; and Laire had, with equal incorrectness, conceived that there 
 were three editions of the piesent date. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, we read the editorial episUe of the 
 Bishop of Aleria to Pope Paul II., commencing thus : 
 
 Loquetie fpledore: &: reiQ dignitate: locupletiore 
 Virgilio Poeta : unu fortasse Homciu Gra^ci : 
 nullum certe Latini inuenien. &:c.
 
 460 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 
 
 This preface is printed entire by Quirini. A table, on the reverse of 
 the second leaf, shews, at one view, the contents of the impression. 
 On the recto of the 3rd leaf, commences the first of the opuscula, 
 which is entitled Culex, thus : 
 
 Vsimus Octaui gracili modulante Thalia. 
 Atq; ut araneoli : tenuem formauimus orsum. 
 Lusimus : haec : propter : Culicis sint carmina dea. 
 
 The whole of these opuscula, or minor poems, occupy 12 leaves. On 
 the recto of the 15th, from the opening of the volume, the first Eclogue 
 begins thus : 
 
 Itjre tu patulae recubans 
 sub tegmine fagi : ME. 
 Siluestrem tenui musam 
 meditaris aiiena. 
 Nos patriae lines : et dulcia 
 linquimus arua. 
 Nos patria fugimus. 
 tu Tityre letus in umbra 
 Formosam resonare doces Araaryllida siluas 
 O Melibee deus nobis haec ocia fecit. TI. 
 8cc. Sec. 8cc, 
 
 A full page has 38 lines. In the second Eclogue, the verse 
 
 Nec sum adeo informis^ nuper me in littore vidi 
 
 is omitted ; as it is also in the Brescia impression of 1473. The verse 
 immediately following it, is thus printed in the present edition. 
 
 Cii placidu uentis staret mare, no ego Daphnin 
 
 The Georgics commence on the recto of the 26th leaf, thus : 
 
 Vid faciat laetas segetes : 
 quo sydere terram 
 Vertere mecenas; ulmisq; 
 adiungere uites.
 
 Without Date.] VIRGIL. 461 
 
 Conueniat : quae cura bourn : 
 quis cultus : habendo 
 Sit pecori : atq; apibus 
 
 quanta experientia pare is : 
 
 Hinc canere incipiam. uos o clarissima mundi 
 
 On the reverse of the 55th leaf, the Mneid commences, with tlie four 
 preliminary verses beginning • Ille ego." On the recto of fol. 188— it 
 concludes : 
 
 . FINIS . AENEIDOS . 
 
 On the reverse of the same leaf, we read, from Sulpitius Severus, 
 
 lusserat Hbdc rapidis aboleri carmiria flamis 
 Viigilius : phrygium qua^ cecinere ducem. 
 Tucca uetat . uarrusq; simul. Tu maxime cesar 
 Non sinis. Sc latise consulis historiEe . 
 Infelix gemino cecidit prope Pergamon igni . 
 Et pEene est alio Troia cremata rogo. 
 
 followed by 29 additional verses. On the recto of the ensuing leaf, at 
 top, the latter continue thus : 
 
 Expirent ignes . uiuat Maro : dictus ubiq;. 
 
 These detached sentences, or Epitaphs, from Palladius, Asclepiades, 
 Eusebius, Pompelianus, Maximianus, Vitalis, Basilius, Asmodianus, 
 Vovianus, Eugenius, Julianus, Hilasius, &c. (all specified in the table 
 of contents, and the latter containing the well known epitaph 'Mantua 
 me genuit,' &c.) comprehend 3^ leaves, in the whole. On the recto 
 of the 192nd and last leaf, we read the eight-versed colophon, begin- 
 ning ' Aspicis illustris,' and concluding with ' contribuere domum.' 
 
 Five leaves of the Priapeia, or Lusus Poetarum in Priapum, follow in 
 the present copy ; and indeed should be in every perfect copy : since 
 Audiffredi informs us that these are mentioned by the episcopal editor, 
 in the preface, as being containe<l in the same volume, or MS., from 
 which the legitimate poems are printed. Nor were they introduced 
 from the subsequent impression of 1471, as Audiffredi clearly proves; 
 as, in this latter impression, they are ' multo auctiora.' The existence 
 of a copy in the libraiy of Marchio de Maximis, without the Priupeia,
 
 462 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 
 
 does not necessarily prove, as Audiffredi seems to infer, that these 
 opuscula were printed subsequently to the completion of the other 
 parts of the edition ; since motives of delicacy might have induced the 
 owner of such copy to cut out these poems. It must however be 
 conceded, that the Priapeia are not noticed in the printed list of the 
 contents of the impression. See the Edit. Rom. p. 22, 24. The pre- 
 sent is a clean and very desirable copy of this exceedingly rare and 
 precious edition : — an edition, of which a copy produced 4101 livres at 
 the sale of the Valliere library. The present is very elegantly bound 
 in dark green morocco ; having a wreath of bay leaves at the end, from 
 the supposed tomb of Virgil. 
 
 498. ViRGiLius. Opera. Supposed to have been 
 printed hy Mentelin, at Strasbourg. Without 
 Date. Folio. 
 
 This is the impression, of the type of which there is a tolerably 
 correct fac-simile in the Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. n°. 2433. The de- 
 scription of it also, in the same work, is ample and faithful. The 
 curious will immediately recognise in it the same characters with which 
 the Terence and Valerius Maximus, noticed at pages 401, 449, ante, 
 were executed ; and which characters are generally attributed to the 
 presss of Mentelin at Strasbourg. In respect to the date of its exe- 
 cution, I incline to think that it is at least as ancient as the year 1470; 
 and that Panzer has, rather hastily, adopted the information of Denis, 
 in assigning to it the date of 1472 : — as the latter only observes, that 
 * In some Catalogue a ms. date of 1472 was affixed to it.' See the 
 Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 73 ; and Suppl. Maitt. p. 691, n°. 6154. Brunet 
 thinks it rather of the date of 1469 ; and observes that some connois- 
 seurs conceive it anterior to the preceding edition. Manuel du Libraire, 
 vol. ii. p. 639-40. The copy under description is the one which was in 
 the Valliere Collection, and was purchased at the sale of that library, 
 by Count Revicky, for 759 livres. We proceed to a particular decrip- 
 tion of it. On the recto of the first leaf, the Eclogues commence thus : 
 
 ^iiblij tmirgiitj fll^aroni^ %ihtt 25ucoIxcorum 
 
 3(tiretu patulerccixlian!^ ^ub tegmt 
 m Cagi <ig>i{ueieftrcm tenui mu 
 
 ^ani mctiitati^ auena 00^
 
 Without Date] VIRGIL. 463 
 
 patrie fines?* n bulcia iinquinni^ 
 ania |^o^ patriani fujjnnu^ 
 
 tu titirc Icntu^ in Mmbta 
 f ormojefam resonate tiocesf amacilUba ^ilua^^ 
 . €t . OD nicltbee Deu^ nolii^ f^ec ocia fecit 
 
 8cc. &:c. 8cc. 
 
 There are 22 lines beneath : a full page contains 32 Unes. The second 
 Eclogue has a prefix of ' Egloga secunda' only : the third, of ' Menalcas 
 Mopsus:' the fourth, neither prefix nor space: the fifth, ' IMelibeus, 
 Dameta, Palemon :' the sixth, a blank space only: the seventh, 
 ' Melibeus, Corydon, Tirsis:' the eighth, * Pocta :' (• Pastorura 
 Musam:') the ninth, ' Licias Meris :' the tenth, neither title nor 
 space. At the end of the Eclogues, being the recto of the I4th leaf 
 from the beginning, we read 
 
 ^Crgumentum ODbititj tn liiyto^ gtotQicoif, birgilij 
 <8uiti faciat letasf jefegetesf quo ^ibere ^eruct 
 ^Hgricola. bt facile tcrram proscinbet aratri^af 
 ^eniina que iacienba : mobo^. cuJtu,sq5 locorum 
 <6bocuit mef^e^ magno olini febere rebbi 
 
 ^ufilij tmirgilij itlr^aronijBf Hifjer ptiniuief <iI5eor 
 gicorum Sjiicipit f eUcitet 
 
 The Georgics begin at top, without prefix, on the reverse of the same 
 leaf; and they conclude on the reverse of the 48th leaf from the 
 beginning of the volume. Tlie recto of the 49th leaf is blank. The 
 reverse presents us with a poetical summary of the XII. Books of the 
 .(Eneid ; followed by a similar one of that of the 1st Book in particular. 
 To each Book there is a like prefix. The text of the First Book begins 
 at top of the ensuing, or 50th leaf; forming the original of the upper 
 part of the engraved fac-simile in the Valliere Catalogue. The Second 
 Book of the ^neid begins thus : 
 
 (©nticuere oifij^ intentiq^ ora tenefiat 
 3Jnbe t Joro pati tma^ ^k txt^) ali alto 
 5[nfanbu rcgia iufie^ fnouare bolore 
 €t:oianai^ \M opejef et lamtaBilc regnu
 
 4Gi ANCIENT CLASSICS. \ Opera j No Date. 
 
 In the Second Book, there is a gratuitous and unauthenticated verse, 
 preceding the 130th ; which was pointed out to me by Lord Spencer, 
 and which I find in no other ancient impression. It is thus : 
 
 j^OiSftia ^um mi^er . al) ^atm^ rejiutatu^ ati ava^ 
 
 The Fourth Book has the usual commencement, thus : 
 
 € regtna graui iam tuititi ^aucia cura 
 tmulmi^f aJit y^tni^ ♦ et ceco carpi! ijni : 
 a^uita uiri tjirtUiSf alo ♦ nirtuflfq; retutj^at 
 <Btnti^ fjono^t fjetet ifixi ptttott bult^ 
 vMerfiaqj . nee pkcitiani meinBnsf tiat cura quiete : 
 ^oisftcra pf^thta lu.i^traliat lampabe terra^ai 
 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 The Twelfth Book opens as follows : 
 
 ^rnusf tjt Ifracto^ ab'u^o itiarte latino^ 
 SDefecif^c tJitict : ^ua nuc pmifjefa tt^o^ci 
 ^t ^efignari ocuU^ bitro iplacatiilijsf artiet 
 ^Cttollitq^ animo^ : pcnoru qiiisf i aruiiBf 
 ^auciu^ tlie graui bcnantum tjulnere pectus 
 €um tiemum moiiet anna ko : gatitietq^ comatejBt 
 
 8cc. he. Ice. 
 
 and concludes, on the recto of the 207th and last leaf, according to the 
 lower part of the fac-simile in the Valliere Catalogue. The reverse of 
 this leaf is blank. The Priapeia, &c. are not contained in the im- 
 pression. The foregoing description of this exceedingly rare and 
 interesting edition, of which no account will be found in Seemiller, 
 Braun, or Fossi, is, it is presumed, more particular than any with which 
 the reader is acquainted ; and has been completed, on the supposition 
 that, if fragments of it should come into the possession of the curious, 
 a greater facility might be afforded in recognising the genuine impres- 
 sion to which such fragments belong. The present is a fair and most 
 desirable copy ; in red morocco binding.
 
 Opera; M/O.] VIRGIL. 465 
 
 499. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hy VindeUn de 
 Spira. Venice. I47O. Folio. 
 
 This rare aud truly beautiful impression was erroneously considered, 
 by the author of the Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. n°. 2G59, to be the first 
 edition. Crevenna, from the same authority, draws the same conclusion; 
 but his description of it, althoui^h much more copious and particular 
 than is that of De IJure, has received the censure of Heyne. * Nuper 
 iterum multis (are the words of the latter) de h^c editione egit 
 Crevenna, nullo cum fructu ad te, qui indolem libri et usum criticum 
 volebas resciscere.' Edit. Virgil. Load. 1793, 8vo. vol. i. p. lxxxi. Con- 
 sult also the Bibl. Crevenn. vol. iii. p. 189-192 : edit. IT/j. On the 
 recto of the first leaf, without prefix, we read as follows : 
 
 ITYRE. TV PATVLAE 
 
 recubans sub teg'inine fagi 
 Silucstrcm tenui musain 
 meditaris auena. 
 N OS patri^ fines : 8c dulcia llquimus arua. 
 N OS patriani fuffimus. tu tityre lentus i umbra 
 F ormosani resonarc doces amarjllida siluas. 
 Sec. &:c. 8cc. 
 
 The Eclogues are without titles, but spaces are left for them. The 
 beginning of the Xth and last Eclogue is thus : 
 
 Xtremum hue aretusa mihi cocede laborem 
 P auca meo gallo sed qup legat ipse lyeoris 
 C armiiia sunt disceda : negSc quis earmina gallo ? 
 
 A full page has 41 lines. The Georgics, as in the preceding edition, 
 have the four verses of Ovid prefixed. Each book of the /Eneid has 
 a poetical prefix, as in the previous Roman impression ; but no title. 
 On the reverse of fol. 161, and last, beneath the two last lines of the 
 text, we read the following rather quaint colophon : 
 
 Progenitus spira forniis monumcnta niaronis 
 H^e uindelinus seripsit apud uenctos. 
 
 VOL. II. 'i O
 
 4^6 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1470. 
 
 Laiident ergo alii polycletos parrhasiosue 
 
 Et quo suis alios id genus artifices. 
 Ingenuas quisquis musarum diligit artes 
 
 Iq primis ipsum laudibus afficiet. 
 Nee uero tantum quia multa uolumina : quantu 
 
 Q' perpulchra simul optimaq; exhibeat. 
 
 . M . CCCC . LXX. 
 
 There are neither numerals, catchwords, nor signatures. The pre- 
 ceding is a sufficiently particular account of a volume, which, although 
 of extreme rarity, has been well described by the foregoing authorities. 
 As far as I have examined the text and punctuation, they seem correct 
 and satisfactory. The typographical beauty of this edition has been a 
 general theme of admiration ; but no more praise is due to it, on this 
 head, than to other impressions by the same printer : the comparative 
 conditions of copies making nearly the whole diflFerence. But such 
 copies of this impression as are upon vellum, are in the greatest re- 
 quest, and have brought considerable sums. In the Bibl. Colbert, (A. D. 
 1728) vol. i. p. 267, n°. 3860, a similar copy brought 581 livres. At 
 the sale of Dr. Mead's Library, 1755, another similar copy was pur- 
 chased by Mr. Willock for only 181. 18s. Bibl. Mead. p. 239, n°. 42. 
 The library of Consul Smith was also enriched by a similar copy, which 
 is now in his Majesty's Collection. The copy in the Gouttard Collec- 
 tion 1780 (which is well described in the Cat. de Gouttard, n°. 648) was 
 purchased at the sale of the books of Mons. Paris de Meyzieux, the pre- 
 ceding year, for 2308 livres ; although it brought only 2270 livres at 
 the Gouttard sale. The Crevenna copy — * tr^s-complet et d'une conser- 
 vation a enchanter, joignant k la plus grande proprete et nettete une 
 marge de quatre bons pouces de largeur' — (such is the enthusiastic 
 language of its original describer) was purchased at the sale of the 
 same collection for 4150 florins, by the late Harry Quin ; who 
 bequeathed it, along with the hammer which was brandished over it, 
 to the library of Trinity College, Dublin : where both now remain — • 
 as curiosities of no ordinary occurrence or value. The late Count 
 M'Carthy had also a copy upon vellum ; but the last leaves of which 
 were soiled The present paper copy is rather large than clean ; in red 
 morocco binding. A beautiful similar copy is in the collection of the 
 late Dr. William Hunter at Glasgow ; where there is also a copy of 
 the second Roman edition, by Sweynheym and Pannartz, of the date of
 
 Ojyei-a; 1472.] VIRGIL. 467 
 
 1471. For this latter impression the reader may consult Mr. Beloe's 
 Anecdotes of Literature and Scarce Books, vol. iii. p. 224. 
 
 500. ViRGiLius. Opera. TVithout Name of 
 Printer or Place. 14/2. Folio. 
 
 This exceedingly scarce and beautiful impression has been described 
 with tolerable care by bibliographers; but neither the printer of it, 
 nor the place of its execution, are yet satisfactorily ascertained. One 
 preliminary observation — which has escaped those who have noticed 
 this impression — may be submitted ; which is, that the types of this 
 volume, and those of the first edition of Ausonius, of the same date 
 (see vol. i. p. 272, &c.), together with the mode of typogi-aphical exe- 
 cution, are precisely similar. Maittaire has erroneously attributed the 
 performance to the press of Zarotus ; and Laire has, with ec^ual im- 
 probability, designated Philip de Lavagna as the printer of it. But we 
 shall say a few words upon this subject, in the latter part of our de- 
 scription. On the reverse of the first leaf, we read an inscription in 
 capital letters ; which, as it has been extracted entire by Orlandi, 
 Maittaire, Paschali (in the Bibl. Smith, p. d), De Bure, Laire, Panzer, 
 and La Serna Santander, need only be, in part, here submitted to the 
 reader. From this inscription, it appears that the editor has carefully 
 compiled his edition from the Roman and Venetian impressions. 
 At bottom, we read 
 
 SI VIS CERTIOR FIERI: ID LEGITO 
 VALE. 
 
 B H 
 
 ANNO INCARNATIONIS DOxVII 
 NICE . M . CCCC . LXXII. 
 
 On the recto of the ensuing leaf is a table of the contents of the im- 
 pression ; from which we observe that 11 leaves, including that of the 
 table, contain a variety of poetical Opuscula, with a brief biography of 
 Virgil in prose. The reverse of the 11 th leaf— or the 12th, including 
 that of the inscription in capital letters — is blank. On the recto of the 
 13th leaf, the Eclogues begin. On the reverse of the 30th leaf, after a 
 prefix from Ovid, the second book of the Georgics commences thus :
 
 468 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1472. 
 
 ACTENVS ARVORVM CVL- 
 TVS ET SYDERA CAELI. 
 
 h Nunc te Bacche canam 
 
 nee non siluestria tecum 
 Virgulta. 8c ;p\e tardae crescentis oliuae. 
 H uc pater m Lenase. tuis hie omnia plena 
 M uneribus. tibi pampineo grauidus autumno 
 F loiet ager ; spumat plenis undemia labris. 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec. 
 
 A full page has 40 lines. On the reverse of the 52nd leaf, at bottom, 
 we read the four (supposed) Virgilian verses, beginning ' Ille ego,' &c. 
 The first book of tlie yEneid begins almost at the bottom of the recto 
 of the following leaf. The xiith book commences thus, at the bottom 
 of fol. 169, recto : 
 
 AENEYDOS LIBER DVODECIMVS. 
 
 Vrnus ut infractos 
 aduerso Marte Latinos 
 t Defecisse uidet sua 
 
 nunc.promissareposci : 
 Se signari oculis ultro 
 implacabilis ardet. 
 A ttoUitq; animos. poenorum qualis in amis 
 
 and concludes on fol. 181, recto. On the reverse, begins the Moretum. 
 On the recto of fol. 183 commence the Priapeia, which conclude on the 
 reverse of fol. 192. Next follow the Copa; Est et Non; Vir Bonus; 
 Rosae ; Culex ; Dire ; id est Carmen Execratorium . ad Battarum ,• Aetna ; 
 and Clris. Of the latter there are only 2 pages, or one leaf, in this 
 copy ; and the 8 following leaves are also wanting. The impression 
 terminates thus, with the Catalecton, on what should be the 219th and 
 last leaf of the impression : 
 
 S uperbe noctu repuditum caput 
 D atur tibi puella quam petis datur 
 
 The reverse is blank. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor 
 catchwords. ' Hanc editionem, sed rarissimam, in primis cum vulgatis
 
 Opera; 1472.] VIRGIL. 4CD 
 
 coinparari vellem,' says Hcyne ; but he was not so fortunate as to meet 
 with it. De Bure liad also never seen it ; and La Serna Santander is 
 the mere copyist of Laire. In regard to the printer of it, Hcyne sup- 
 poses that the letters, B. H. stand for Benedictus Hercules, a printer at 
 Ferrara ; but Baruffaldi docs not make mention of any such typogra- 
 phical artist. Nor will such a name be found in Panzer, or La Serna 
 Santander. Panzer does indeed notice a ' Benedictus Hectoris Libra- 
 rius ;• but he athxes the date of 14S7 as that of his earliest perform- 
 ance. It cumot therefore be either of these printers. But are we 
 quite certain that the B. H. is a genuine original impression ? and if 
 so, why are these letters much smaller and more disi)roportionate than 
 the other capital letters ? And how comes it that such letters are not 
 found in the Ausonius of 1472 — since there can be no question about 
 each of these editions being printed by the same artist? I hicline 
 therefore to think that this vei y rare, beautiful, and intrinsically valu- 
 able impression — especially from the formation of the co— was printed 
 at Venice: but by whom, i& still matter of conjecture. The reader 
 may consult Orig. e Progress, p. 428 ; Annal. Typug. vol. i. p. 3'20, 
 note 2 ; and Index Libror. vol. i. p. '291-2. The present copy, as above 
 noticed, is unluckily imperfect ; and has also several leaves supplied 
 by ms. — but in a style of great beauty and accuracy. It is otherwise 
 tall and clean. In blue morocco binding. Rossi (according to Panzer, 
 vol. ii, p. 13,) notices a copy of it upon vellum. 
 
 501. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hy Bartholo- 
 mceus Cremonensis. Venice. 14J2. Folio. 
 
 The present copy of this beautiful, and rather uncommon imj)ression, 
 is so extremely defective, that, without the aid of De liure, I am unable 
 to give a particular bibliographical account of it. One thing is certain ; 
 of which De Bure was necessarily ignorant, as he had never seen the 
 preceding impression: — one edition seems a copy of the other; but 
 which is entitled to priority, I cannot pretend to determine. In the 
 whole of what remains of the copy under description, there is an exact 
 conformity, line for line, with the previous impression. Any extract 
 from it, therefore, would be applicable to either of them ; except that 
 we may observe, in lieu of the J in the preceding one, we read the o, 
 in that of B. Cremonensis. The type, however, decidedly differs ; that 
 of the present one being less sharp and dazzling — and having the e 
 and g more in conformity with the type of Jenson.
 
 470 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1472. 
 
 De Bure tells us that 19 leaves (containing the Opuscula described 
 as being at the end of the pievious edition,) precede the commencement 
 of the text of the Eclogues : having, on the 19th, the following subscrip- 
 tion — which I shall copy, as it stands here, the last leaf in the volume : 
 
 Queni legis: impressus dum stabit I sere caracter ; 
 
 Dum non longa dies : uel fera fata prement. 
 Candida perpetuas non deerit fama Cremoriae. 
 
 Phidiacu hinc superat BartholornEeus ebur. 
 Caidite chalcographi : millesima uestra figura est 
 
 Archetjpas fingit solus at iste uotas. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 M . CCCC . LXXII . NICOLAO TRVNO, 
 
 PRINCIPE VENETIARVM REGNAN. 
 
 TE . QVAE IN HOC VO. 
 
 LVMINE CONTINEN. 
 
 TVR FOELICITER 
 
 IMPRESSA 
 
 SVNT. 
 
 After the termination of the JEneid, we read the same Opuscula of 
 which the titles are described as following the end of the ^neid in the 
 previous impression. De Bure says that these Opuscula comprehend 
 45 leaves ; and that the Xlllth Book of the ^neid comes between the 
 /Etna and the Ciris. The XII Ith Book is wanting in the copy of the 
 previous impression : and the whole of the 45 leaves are also wanting 
 in the present copy — with many others, not worth particularly noticing. 
 The reader has been already informed (Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 
 317-318,) of an exquisite copy of this edition printed upon vellum, 
 which was in the Harleian Collection, and which is minutely described 
 in the Harleian Catalogue : vol. iii. n°. 3222. Count M'Carthy had a 
 similar copy ; but 2 leaves of it were manuscript. Maittaire has a 
 good account of this edition in his Annal. Typog. vol. i. 314, note 7- 
 Sie the Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. iii. p. 284. The present copy is unbound.
 
 Opera; H72.] VIRGIL. 47 1 
 
 502. ViRGixius. Opera. Printed hij Leonard 
 Achates, Venice. 1472. Folio. 
 
 This is the impression, from which Maittaire and Cunningham have 
 exhibited various readings in their respective editions of the author. 
 De Bure had never seen a copy of it, but took his description from 
 Orlandi, p. 25, and Maittaire; Annul. Sypog. vol. i. p. 314. Heyne, 
 who had also never seen it, supposes this to be the same impression as 
 the one noticed in the Cat. de la FalUere, vol. ii. p. 83, n". 2434, of the 
 date of 1473, by the same printer: but although the subscriptions of 
 these two editions be, in substance, similar — with the exception of the 
 difference of one year — yet, according to the authority here last 
 referred to, the edition of 1473 seems to have the Catalecton subjoined ; 
 which is wanting in the present impression. Whether Achates made, 
 in other respects, a literal reprint of that edition, in the subsequent 
 year, I am not able to determine. It is certain that this impression of 
 1472 is of great rarity, and of considerable intrinsic value. We pro- 
 ceed to a description -of it. On the recto of the first leaf, after a 
 prefix of 5 lines in capital letters, the first Eclogue commences thus : 
 
 Me . Itire tu patule recubans 
 
 sub tegminc fagi 
 Siluestrem tenui musam 
 nieditaris hauena .* 
 Nos patrie fines : et dulcia 
 linquimus arua . 
 Nos patriam fugimus: tu 
 Titire lentus in umbra 
 F orniosam resonare doces Aniarillyda siluas . 
 Ti . O Melibee : Deus nobis hec otia fecit . 
 8cc. 8cc. Sec, 
 
 The several Eclogues, Georgics, and the Books of the /Eneid, terminate 
 gnd commence with a subscription and prefix, in capital letters. 
 Each Book of the ^^:neid has a poetical prefix, which is common in 
 the more ancient editions. There are neither numerals, signatures, 
 nor catchwords. On the recto of the last leaf but one, the Xllth 
 Book of the ,<Eneid terminates : 
 
 • Si«.
 
 472 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1473. 
 
 EXPLICIT . LIBER . XII . 
 
 . P . MARONIS : VIRGILII . 
 VITA . EX: SERVIO . DO NATO : 
 QVINTILIANO : AGELIO . 
 ET : RELIQVIS . 
 
 The life of the poet follows ; concluding on the recto of the last and 
 ensuing leaf. It is succeeded by 10 verses of Cornelius Gallus upon 
 the death of Virgil; with a poetical reply to the same by Octavius 
 Augustus Cesar, to whom the preceding verses are addressed. On the 
 reverse of the last leaf, following the reply, we read the ensuing 
 colophon : , 
 
 V rbs Basilea mihi iiomea est Leonardiis Achates : 
 Q ui tua compressi carraina diue Maro. 
 
 Anno christi humanati : M . cccc. Ixxii . 
 Venet , Duce Nicol . Trono. 
 
 The present is a very desirable copy of this rare and estimable edition ; 
 in green morocco binding. 
 
 503. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed at Brescia. 
 1473. Folio. 
 
 It is not the least interesting feature of this extraordinary Library, 
 that it contains so many rare and estimable productions of the early 
 Brescia Press. If the copy under description be the identical one of 
 which Denis has given an account, from the communication of a friend, 
 it is probably unique. Both Panzer and AudifFredi refer exclusively 
 to Denis, p. 32 ; where the account, is brief but correct. On a com- 
 parison with the Brescia Statutes, and the Juvenal and Persius, 
 printed at the same place, and in the same year, the present impression 
 of VirgU seems to be the first book ever printed at Brescia. But so 
 extraordinary and contradictory are frequently the researches and 
 conclusions respecting the early history of printing, and the adaptation 
 of books to printers, that we discover, on opening this volume, the 
 same types with which Gerard de Leuu printed the Mercurius Trisme- 
 gistus, at Treviso, in the year 1471: — the G and Q in the capital 
 letters, and the e, a, and m, in the smaller ones, leave no doubt as to
 
 Opera; 1473.] VIRGIL. 473 
 
 the correctness of this inference : nor is it by any means improbable 
 that Gerard de Leeu might have printed at Brescia as well as at 
 Treviso and Antwerp. The date of the impression is rather favour- 
 able to such a conclusion. If so, this edition was not executed by 
 Ferandus— unless the latter used two different founts of letters. 
 The text of this impression is w hoUy unknown ; but from those parts 
 which I have examined, it appears to be more remarkable for sin- 
 gularity than correctness. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, without any prefix, we read the com- 
 mencement of the first Eclogue, according to the following fac-simile : 
 
 It/re tu patulae recubans 
 
 fub rcgi mi ne f agi : ME ♦ 
 Sylueftrem tenui mtifam 
 meditaris aucna* 
 
 Nos patri ae fines*5{ dulcia 
 linc|uimus arua* 
 
 Nos patriam fugi"mus» 
 tu tytfrc lentus in umbra 
 r ormofam refonare doces amarylida fyluas 
 
 In the first Eclogue, the verse — ' Saepe sinistra cava praedixit ab 
 ilice cornix' — (wanting in many ancient MSS. and fii-st editions,) is 
 omitted ; as well as that of ' Nee sum adeo informis, nuper me in littore 
 vidi' — in the second Eclogue : — the latter is also wanting in the Editio 
 Princeps. In the 50th verse of this first Eclogue, we read * tempta- 
 bunt' — as in the impressions of S. and Pannartz, and Mentelin: but 
 this is only a variation of orthography. Also, in the 77th verse of the 
 same Eclogue, it is, as in the first edition of 1472, 
 
 D umosa de rupe procul pendere uidebo. 
 
 Other variations might be adduced ; but the foregoing are sufficient 
 to prove that the text of this edition is printed from a MS. probably 
 peculiar to itself. Quirini, the author of the Litteratura Bririana, was 
 wholly unacquainted both with the MS. and printed edition. We proceed 
 with the bibliographical analysis of this curious volume. The Georgia 
 begin thus, on the recto of the 12th leaf ;— having the usual prefix 
 from Ovid. 
 
 VOL. II. 3 P
 
 474 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera ; 1473. 
 
 Vid faciat laetas segetes : 
 
 quo sydere terram 
 
 Vertere mecenas : ulmisq; 
 
 adiungere uites . 
 
 Conueniat ; quae cura bourn : 
 
 quis cultus : habendo 
 
 Sit pecori : atq; apibus 
 
 quanta experientia parcis : 
 H inc cauere incipiam . uos o clarissima mundi 
 L umina labentem caclo quae ducitis annum . 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 38 verses. There are no signatures, catchwords, nor 
 numerals ; and the impression, throughout, is destitute of titles to the 
 several books. I am uncertain whether there be a small initial letter 
 at the beginning of each book ; as the square spaces designed for capital 
 initials, are, in the present copy, uniformly (and elegantly) filled up with 
 large gold letters upon an ultramarine blue ground. The Georgics 
 terminate on the recto of fol. 41 ; having, on the reverse, the poetical 
 prefixes as were noticed to be, in the same place, in the Editio Princeps. 
 On the recto of fol. 42, the Mneid commences thus : 
 
 Lie ego qui quonda gracili modulatus auena 
 
 Carmen . 8c egressus fyluis : uicina coegi 
 
 Vt quis auido parerent arua colono : 
 
 Gratum opus agricolis . 
 
 At nunc horrentia martis 
 
 Rma uirumq; cano : tioia; qui primus ab oris. 
 
 Italiam fato profugus lauinaq; uenit 
 
 Littora : multum ille k. terris iactatus k alto : 
 
 Vi superum : saeuse memorem iuuonis ob irara : 
 
 M ulta quoq; 8c bello passus: dum conderet urbem . 
 
 I nferretq; deos latio : genus unde latinum . 
 
 A Ibaniq; patres atq; altae moenia romae . 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 I
 
 Opera; 1473.] VIRGIL. 475 
 
 As before, a full page comprehends 38 lines. The Xllth Book of 
 the ^neid closes the volume on the reverse of the 173 rd and last leaf, 
 as follows : 
 
 tu ne hinc spoliis indute nicoru 
 
 E ripiere mihi ? Pallas tc hoc uulnere . Pallas 
 
 I molat . k. poenam scelerato ex sanguine summit .* 
 
 H oc dicens ferru : aduerso sub pectore condit 
 
 F eruidus : ast illi soluuntur frigore membra . 
 
 V itaq; cu gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras. 
 
 . FINIS . 
 
 Brixiae maronis opera expressa fuerc presbytero petro 
 
 uillaiubentedie uigessimo primoaprilis . M.cccclxxiii. 
 
 This precious volume was formerly in the Reviczky Collection ; and 
 a ms, note prefixed to it, by the late Count, sufficiently attests the high 
 estimation in which it w£is held by its former owner. Such a book is 
 indeed beyond all price. This copy is sound and rather tall ; but not 
 quite free from stain. In red morocco binding. 
 
 504. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hij Ulric Han 
 and Simon de Luca. Rome. 14/3. Folio. 
 
 This THIRD ROMAN IMPRESSION is of Considerable importance in 
 the list of early editions of the poet. We shall be brief but par- 
 ticular in the description of it. The recto and reverse of the first 
 leaf are filled by a table of the contents of the volume. A life of 
 Virgil occupies the 6 following leaves ; which are again succeeded by 
 14 leaves of poetical opuscula, by divers authors, as appear in the 
 first impression of 1472 : see p. 467 ante. On the recto of the 22nd 
 leaf, from the beginning, the Eclogues open thus : 
 
 P. Virgilii Maronis Bucolica. 
 Aegloga pma Iter loquu tores. 
 Meliboeus. In Tjtirus amici. ME. 
 
 Itjre tu patulp recubans 
 sub tegmine phagi : 
 
 • Sic.
 
 476 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1473. 
 
 Siluestrem tenui musam 
 meditaris auena. 
 
 8cc. 8cc. kc. 
 
 To each Eclogue a title is prefixed ; and a fall page comprehends 35 
 lines. The latter part of the iiid, and the beginning of the ivth 
 Eclogues, are, in this copy, supplied by two modern printed leaves — with 
 the contractions cut in metal — the whole bearing a tolerable resem- 
 blance to the original type. The Eclogues and Georgics comprize 45 
 leaves. The Mneid commences on the reverse of the 46th leaf: having, 
 prefixed, (on fol. 45) 
 
 Octauii August! pro Virgilii pneide uersus. 
 
 comprising 3G verses. Then follow the two usual poetical prefixes, as in 
 the Edit. Prin. The opening of the /Eneid is similar, in the collocation 
 of the verses, to that in the Brescia impression. Within 52 leaves of 
 the termination of the volume, the Xllth book concludes ; and is 
 immediately followed by the Argument to the Xlllth Book, thus : 
 
 FINIS AENEIDOS. 
 
 Tertiufdecimus Aeneidos per 
 Maffeum Vehium additus. 
 
 Vrnus ut extremo uita sub Marte jpfudit 
 Subdut se Rutuli Aenep Troiana sequetes 
 8cc. &:c. 8cc. 
 
 The book itself begins on the recto of the ensuing leaf, and compre- 
 hends 9 leaves, finishing with the last 3 verses on the recto of the 10th 
 leaf. Then ensue the various poetical opuscula (including the Ciris 
 and Priapeia) of which the titles are given in the account of the first 
 edition of the date of 1472. At the end of the 'Catalecton,' being on 
 the reverse of the 5 1st leaf, from the conclasion of the Xllth book of 
 the ^neid, we read this ostentatious colophon — in imitation of those in 
 the early Mentz publications : 
 
 FINIS 
 
 Prpsens hpc Virgilii impressio poetp 
 clarissimi in alma urbe Roma facta
 
 Opera; 1473.] VIRGIL. ,,77 
 
 est totius iiiGdi Regina 8c digiiissiiiia 
 Imperatrice qup sicut prpc^teris iir^ 
 bibus dignitate prpcst ita ingcniosis 
 uiris est leferta no atrameto plurnali 
 calamo neq; stylo preo sed artificiosa 
 quadam adinucntione impriinendi 
 seu characteriziidi opus sic effigiatu 
 est ad dei laude industripq; est con;? 
 sumatum. per Vdahicuni Galium Xc 
 Simonem de Luca. Anno domini 
 M.CCCC.LXXiii. Die uero. IIII. 
 mesis Nouembris. Pontificatu uero 
 Sixti diuina prouidetia Pape quarti 
 Anno eius Tertio. 
 
 The following and last leaf contains, on the recto, a register ; which 
 in this copy, is printed with the same types as are those leaves subse- 
 quently introduced in the Eclogues. There are neither numerals, sig- 
 natures, nor catchwords. 
 
 De Bure had rather a whimsical notion, that, if the date of this im- 
 pression had not been subjoined, we might have mistaken it ' for one 
 of the most ancient productions of the press.' He should have observed, 
 with better judgment, that the type has a strong resemblance to the 
 larger type of Philip de Lignamine ; of which latter a fac-siraile is 
 given at page 307 ante. Audiffredi has indeed something of a similar 
 remark upon the notice of De Bure ; defending, with his usual par- 
 tiality to the typographical reputation of P. de Lignamine, the 
 superiority of the latter to the present character. Yet he admits that 
 the type of this edition ' satis equalis est, unusque ex elegantioribus 
 Romanis, ab Udal. Han adhibitis ; etsi in eo artificis ingenium eluceat." 
 Edit. Rom. p. 137-8, note (1). In a more important point of view, 
 this impression is allowed by him to supply the whole, or nearly the 
 whole, of the LACutiM in the two previous Roman impressions.' It is 
 probably therefore one of the most valuable ancient editions of the 
 poet extant. The present copy of it is large, but in a very tender 
 condition : being bound in old foreign calf, with gUt edges to the 
 leaves.
 
 478 ANCIENT CLASSICS. \()pera; 1475. 
 
 505. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hy John Vurster 
 de Campidona. Modena. 1475. Folio. 
 
 We shall be particular in our account of this uncommon volume, 
 since there are probably not four scarcer editions of the poet in exist- 
 ence. The present is the first book printed at Modena, and the typo- 
 graphical execution of it does great credit to Vurster ; whose publica- 
 tions are of very considerable rarity, and are not to be met with 
 (according to La Serna Santander) bearing date after the year 1 476, 
 Panzer, in his second vol. p. 146-7, notices the extreme rarity of this 
 edition, upon the authorities of Morelli and Tiraboschi . ' Editio (says 
 he) hactenus incognita, quam detexit CI. Morellius,' &c. see also the 
 Bibliot. Modens. vol. iv. p. 368. In his fourth volume, p. 366, Panzer 
 gives a description of the arrangement of the contents of this impres- 
 sion ; apparently upon the authority of Fossi's Bibl. Magliabech. vol. ii. 
 col. 800-3. The description of it, in this latter authority, is, indeed, 
 most full and satisfactory ; and we shall not fail to avail ourselves of 
 it where needful. Fossi has proved that Boni and Gamba, from their 
 Bibliot. Portat. vol. ii. p. 83, had never seen the impression — which is 
 therefore rightly designated by them as * rara e sconosciuta edizione.' 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, the first Eclogue commences thus : 
 
 P. Virgilii Maronis Bucolicon Liber. 
 Aegloga prima dicta Tityrus. 
 Collocutores 
 Meliboeus 
 Tityrus 
 M. Ityre tu patulae recubans sub tegmie 
 
 fagi. 
 
 Siluestrera tenui musam meditaris , 
 auena. 
 Nos patriae fines : Sc dulcia linquimus arua. 
 Nos patriara fugimus. tu tityre lentus in umbra 
 Formosam resonare doces aniaryllida siluas 
 
 To each Eclogue, a prefix, arranged in a similar manner, and having 
 the word ' Collocutores,' is annexed. The Eclogues terminate on the
 
 Opera; 1475.] VIRGIL. 479 
 
 recto of fol. 13; succeeded immediately by the Georgics ; which latter 
 conclude on the recto of fol. 45. The reverse of fol. 45 is occupied by 
 the usual poetical prefixes. On the recto of fol. 46, the ^neid com- 
 mences, having the four verses, beginning « lUe ego,' prefixed. For a 
 reason, which does not strike me as being very obvious, there is, after 
 the verse ' Tantae molis erat romanam codere gentem,' the foUowing 
 division : 
 
 Capituluni primu in quo osteditur tempestas 
 quam Aeneas passus fuerit in maii siculo. 
 
 Ix e cospectu siculee telluris in altum 
 
 Vela dabant laeti 8c spumas salis sere ruebant. 
 
 Quom luno Eeternum seruaus sub pectore uulnus. 
 
 Hsec secum. Me ue incoepto desisteie uictam ? 
 
 There is no other designation of chapter (as far as I can discover) in 
 the whole of the Twelve Books of the ^neid. On the recto of fol. 190, 
 at top, we read the last line of the Xllth book. The Xlllth Book, by 
 Mafeus Vaegius Laudensis, ensues, having a poetical prefix of 12 lines. 
 The Xllltli book begins thus : 
 
 \ inus ut extremo deuictus marte pro 
 
 fudit 
 
 Effugientem animam. medioque sub 
 
 agmine uictor 
 Magnanimus stetit aeneas mauortius heros 
 Obstupuere omnes gemitumq; dedere latini. 
 
 This Xlllth book occupies 10 leaves ; beginning on the recto of fol. 
 190, and ending on the recto of fol. 199. Next follow the supposed 
 Opuscula of the author ; namely, the Copa, Moreturn, Dirce, De est et 
 rum, de Rosis, Culex, and the Priapeia ; the latter without any prefix. 
 These minor poems comprehend 21 leaves; concluding the entire 
 volume at fol. 221, recto. Subjoined to the Epigram to the Priapeia 
 (wanting in the Magliabechi copy, but transmitted toFossi byAloysius 
 Tramontanus, * vir monumentorum typographicae artis studiosissimus') 
 we read the colophon thus :
 
 480 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1475. 
 
 Mutine Impressum per Magistruni lohannem 
 Vurster de campidona. Anno. D. M. cccc.lxxiiiii. 
 die Vicesimatertia mensis lanuarii.* 
 
 There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords ; and a full 
 page contains 35 lines. This edition was wholly unknown to biblio- 
 graphers, till Morelli made the discovery of it: nor has it been 
 noticed in the London edition of Heyne's Virgil of the date of 1793. 
 La Serna Santander is unpardonably brief and unsatisfactoiy. An in- 
 spection of the present copy ])roves that the readings of this edition 
 are oftentimes remarkable for singularity rather than for correctness. 
 There are frequent ms. corrections throughout. The horizontal water- 
 marks denote the form to have been originally in 4to : as indeed Fossi 
 has so distinguished it — but Panzer supposes that it is rather ' small 
 folio.' The present copy, which, upon the whole, is in sound and 
 desirable condition, has decidedly a folio form, and is above described 
 as such. It is in russia binding. 
 
 506. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hy Jenson, 
 Venice. 1475. Folio. 
 
 Our account of the present, and of the remaining editions of the 
 entire works of Virgil, with dates, begins to be comparatively brief 
 and easy. In regard to the present impression — for his description of 
 which De Bare, almost as usual, has been indebted to Orlandi and 
 Maittaire — it may be essential to remark, upon the authority of Heyne, 
 that Fontanini is in error in observing that it contains, for the first 
 time, the small poem of the Cir'is ; as the same had before appeared in 
 the Roman impression of 1473. Panzer has not failed to incorporate 
 this observation ; noticing, also, copies of this impression in the Pinelli 
 and Lomenie Collections. Annal. Typog. vol. iii. p. 106-7- Sardini is 
 unusually superficial, Stor. Crit. di Nicolao Jenson, lib. iii. p. 37- 
 
 A life of Virgil, with a variety of poetical opuscula, comprehending 
 
 * We may correct a venial error into which the learned Fossi has fallen, respecting the 
 period of the printing of this volume. He conceives, from the above date of the month, 
 that nearly the whole of the impression was executed in the year 1474. But he seems to 
 have forgotten the ecclesiastical division of the year, as noticed at p. 200 ante. From such 
 a mode of computation, it follows that, if the year 1476 began in (the ensuing) March, 
 the whole of the impression must have been executed in 1475.
 
 Opera; 1475.] VIRGIL. 481 
 
 abridgments of the XII. Boolis of the ^neid. and epitaphs of xMacenas 
 and of Virgil, by variou= illustrious characters, &c. &c. precede the 
 first Eclogue : which latter commences with this prefix, on the recto 
 of fol. 22 (fol. 12 wanting in this copy). 
 
 P. VIRGILII MARONIS BVCOLTCA . 
 AEGLOGA PRIMA: INTERLOCVTORES 
 MELIBOEVS ET Til YRVS AMICI . ME . 
 
 The Eclogues and Georgics comprise 41 leaves. The jEneid contains 
 126 leaves. The Xlllth Book, with the minor poems before noticed, 
 
 also the /Etna, De Cantu Sirenarum, CiriSj and Catalecton, follow 
 
 comprehending 40 leaves— and concluding the impression with the 
 ensuing colophon : 
 
 P. V. MARONIS OPERA FOELICITER FINL 
 VNT VENETIIS INSIGNITA PER NICOLA 
 VM lENSON GALLIC VM.M. CCCC. LXXV. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The impression is without signatures, numerals, 
 and catchwords; having 34 lines on a full page. It is the first im- 
 pression of the poet from the press of Jenson. The present is rather 
 an indifferent copy ; in blue morocco binding, 
 
 507. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed bi/ Zarotus. 
 Milan. 1475. Folio. 
 
 It is justly observed by Panzer, that Saxius has omitted to mention 
 this edition in his list of the works printed at the Milan press during 
 the year 1475, See the Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. p. dlxii-iii. Denis 
 however has noticed it : from whose account Panzer borrows his own. 
 Annal. Typog. vol. ii, p. 20-1 . Although the present copy be imperfect, 
 the ensuing description may probably be considered sufficiently parti- 
 cular. On the recto of the fiist leaf, is the following prefix to the first 
 Eclogue : 
 
 P. Virgilii Maronis Parthenia Mantuani Bucolicoii 
 
 liber ad C. Asinium pollioneni Coiisulari diguita 
 
 te fulgentem. 
 
 Aegloga prima dicta Tityrus. 
 
 Collocutores Melibceiis. Tityrus. 
 VOL. II. 3 a
 
 482 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1475. 
 
 To each Eclogue is prefixed the word ' Collocutores,' as well as the 
 names of the characters engaged in it. The Eclogues, Georgics, and 
 Mneid, succeed in regular order; and a distinction of ' Capitulum 
 primum,' &c. (vide p. 479,) is made just before the description of the 
 tempest in the first book of the ^neid. This is not common in the 
 earlier editions. At the termination of the ^neid, we read 
 
 F inis Sunimae Virgilianae narrationis in tribus 
 operibus Bucolicis . Georgicis . Ic Aeneidse. 
 
 The minor poems succeed, beginning with the Copa. These latter 
 conclude with the Priapeia, on the recto of the last leaf. On the 
 reverse of the last leaf, we read only the following colophon : 
 
 . MEDIOLANI 
 
 A nno a Natali christiano Milesirao quadringente 
 simo septuagesimoq^nto : Octauo Kalen. sextilibus 
 P. Virgilii Maronis partheniae Opera omnia di 
 ligenter emendata: diligenter impresa sunt ab 
 Antonio Zarohto Par mens i : qui quidem Artifex 
 egregius jppediem multo maiora de se pollice?. 
 
 V OS oh felices cupitis qui plurima scire : 
 Nummorum quibus est : copia parua domi . 
 
 H actenus ille magis sapiens : cui copia maior 
 Librorum ; nunc cui promptius ingeniuni . 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords ; and a fuU 
 page contains 41 lines. When in fine condition, this impression must 
 exhibit a very elegant specimen of the printing of Zarotus ; who, it 
 must be confessed, from the above colophon, does not seem to have 
 been disposed to conceal the good opinion which he entertained of his 
 own talents from the public. Brunet, upon the authority of Maittaire, 
 describes this edition as containing 123 folios. The present copy is in 
 foreign boards. 
 
 • Sic.
 
 Opera; 1479.] VIRGIL. 
 
 483 
 
 508. ViRGiLius. Opera. Printed hy Andreas 
 Portilia. Parma. 1479. Folio. 
 
 The recto of the first leaf, sign, a z, presents us with thU prefix : 
 
 P. Virgilii Maronis Partheniaj Mantuani 
 Bucolicon Liber ad C. Asinium Pollionem 
 Consulari Dignitate Fulgentem . 
 
 Aegloga Prima dicta Tityrus . 
 
 COLLOCVTORES 
 
 Melibeus Tityrus 
 
 On the reverse of u v, we read this subscription to the jEneid .• 
 
 FINIS 
 
 Sumrna; Virgilianai 
 
 Narrationis In tribus 
 
 Operibus Buccolicis 
 
 Georgicis 8c 
 
 Aeneidae. 
 
 The minor poems, including every one before noticed, ensue : termi- 
 nating the impression on the recto of y x, thus : 
 
 Impressum parmae opera 
 
 k. impensis Andreae Portiliae Anno 
 
 domini M . CCCCLXXIX . 
 
 Quarto Idus Mail 
 
 A table of the contents of the volume immediately precedes the 
 colophon. The signatures, with the exception of x, are in tens : x 
 having eight leaves. Although the present be an indiflFerent copy of 
 this edition, the typographical execution of it seems hardly worthy of 
 the credit of Portilia's press. Orlandi and Maittaire notice this impres- 
 sion ; and Heyne contents himself with a reference to such authorities. 
 AfFo has been particular and exact. Tipografia Parmense, p. lxvii. In 
 red morocco binding.
 
 484 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Opera; 1482. 
 
 509. ViRCxiLius. Opera Printed hy Alhertus 
 de Mazalibus. Reggio. 1482. Folio. 
 
 We have here an impression by no means of ordinary occurrence ; 
 and from the omission of it by La Serna Santander and Brunet, as well 
 as by Tiraboschi, Heyne, the Bipont editors, and all the early Biblio- 
 graphers, its rarity may be supposed to be considerable. It seems, how- 
 ever, to be a reprint of some preceding edition ; and especially of the 
 one just noticed. On the recto of the first leaf, sign, a z, we read a 
 prefix to the Eclogues, precisely similar in substance to the foregoing 
 one. The Eclogues terminate^n the reverse of b 4. The Georgics, on 
 the reverse of e 3. The legitimate text of the ^neid begins on the 
 reverse of e 4, thus : 
 
 RMA VIRVMQVE 
 a CANO TROIAE QVI 
 
 PRIMVS AB ORIS 
 
 and concludes on the reverse of u 7 — with this subscription : 
 
 Aeneidos Duodecimi 8c Vltimi Libri 
 
 FINIS 
 
 The Copa, Rosce, Priopeia, Moretmn, Dirce, Est et Non, Fir bonus, Culex, 
 De Herculis Laboribus, De Littera F, De Fortuna, De Orpheo, De Vino et 
 Venere, &c. ensue — comprehending 19 leaves, and concluding the vo- 
 lume on the reverse of z 6, with a table, and colophon— the latter, thus: 
 
 Impiessa Sunt Hasc Maronis Opera Regii 
 Lepidi cura 8c Impensis Albert! De Maza/ 
 libus Rcgiensis Anno Salutis. M.CCCC. 
 LXXXII. X. Kale. Aprilis 
 
 The signatures, with the exception of z, run in eights ; and b 4 is 
 erroneously marked b 5. Panzer refers only to Denis, p. 160, for an 
 account of this rare impression. The present may be called a large 
 and beautiful copy : in red-morocco binding.
 
 Bucohca ; No Date.'] VIRGIL. 485 
 
 510. ViRGiLius. BucoLiCA. {Printed hy Ulric 
 Zel.) IVithout Place, or Bate. Quarto. 
 
 Having- concluded our account of the various impressions of the 
 ENTIRE WORKS of Virgil, in this Collection, we proceed to a description 
 of those editions which contain a few only of the pieces, more or less, 
 of the same author ; and in the order observed in this latter division 
 of the subject, such are first noticed as appear to be the more ancient 
 impressions. Accordingly, we begin with the present one, which is 
 evidently the production of the press of Ulric Zel. Morelli has simply 
 described this as ' Editio pervetusta ;' ftnd both Denis and Panzer have 
 availed themselves of such description only. There can be no doubt of 
 the impression having been executed by Zel, and probably not much 
 later than the year 1470. It is a small quarto of 17 leaves ; (as Brunet 
 properly observes, vol. ii. p. 648) having "25 lines in each page, except 
 the last. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catchwords, and 
 the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th Eclogues only, have titles prefixed. The first 
 Eclogue begins thus : 
 
 ^uWy tairgiJij St^aroni^ bucolicu 
 canticn 3?ncipit. 
 
 3itir0 til patule reciifiansf tb' w 
 gininc fagi . 
 
 j§)iluc.strcni tcnui mu^n^ imhi 
 tari^ auena . 
 
 In the VI nth Eclogue, which contains the well known repeated verses 
 of ' Incipe Menalios mecum, mea tibia, versus,' and ' Ducite ab iirbe 
 domvuu, mea carmina, ducite Daphnin,' the printer after i)Utting each 
 verse in full, when it first occurs, contents himself, afterwards, with 
 inserting only the first, or the first two words ; as ' Incipe' or ' Incipe 
 menalios, &c. The last two verses of the xth Bucolic, on the reverse 
 of the 17 th leaf, are as follows : 
 
 ^unipcri gui^ bmlira : norft i fnigi65 nhvt 
 %tt tiomu mature tjcnit ljc^pcr> itc capclle . 
 
 This copy, which was in the Pinclli Collection, and lias been since 
 superbly bound in olive-colour morocco, is rightly called by Morelli 
 ' Exemplar nitidissimum.'
 
 486 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Moretufnj No Date. 
 
 511. ViRGLLius. MoRETUM, &c. (JBy the same 
 Printer. J Without Place, or Date, Quarto. 
 
 Denis would seem to have been acquainted with this impression ; 
 and Seemiller has been so particular in his account of it, that littk 
 remains to be said by a subsequent bibliographer. Panzer has availed 
 himself more especially of the labours of the latter. Suppl. p. 691, 
 n". 6158 ; Incunab. Typog. fasc. ii. p. 146. On the recto of the first 
 leaf we read the commencement, thus : 
 
 ^uUii tjirgilij martmi^ poete optimi moretu 
 
 3ncipit ♦ 
 
 am mx pfi'ttaiGf liijr quiitq^ gegea't tjoaiar 
 Cjccuiiitorq^ bicm cantu ptiijcera't a\t$ 
 J>cimulu.tf e^igui cuUor m ru^tic^ agrt 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 This poem concludes on the reverse of the 3d leaf. It is followed by 
 the well known epitaph upon Virgil, in two lines, and a poem of 
 Alanus. The latter occupies the remainder of the volume, or 3 leaves 
 and a half. The title of it is this : 
 
 Camie ristiiicu ^lllani pfia^ ^gmejef % n5 
 miiiicrc^ ab mrtinonitt tt buteba^ef ; 
 
 The six last verses, and the subscription, are as follow : 
 
 #am trope noMitaief ♦ aDJut ptiim ^tat' 
 ^i nouif^et frigiujaf . mtih amare 
 €rgo no tjlteriu^ ♦ queisftio pteHat 
 Cu j6fe parti tegitin ratio attbat 
 €r50 nupta togini . in amore tttiat 
 4tt inupta muher . nupta antctetiat 
 
 (gjcplitit tarim ritmitum 51llam 
 
 €pitijapf|iu Pliant 
 5ll!anum tttvd^ t^ora ♦ tumulo ^epeliuit 
 <aui tiuo . qui sfepte ♦ qui totu ^ciBile ^timt.
 
 Bucolica; No Date.] VIRGIL. 4gy 
 
 The reader cannot, however, have a correct idea of this whimsical 
 • rhyming poem' from the preceding extract. In regard to the author 
 of it, Seemiller observes—* abs dubio est Alanus ab insulis, S. Bernardo 
 contemporaneus, et familiaritate conjunctus." Witli respect to the 
 date of the printing of this very rare and curious opusculura, the 
 same Bibliographer is of opinion that it may have been between the 
 years 1466 and 1471. It is entirely destitute of signatures, catch- 
 words, and numerals. In the whole, 6 leaves, with 24 lines to a full 
 page. The present is a fair copy, in red morocco binding. 
 
 512. ViRGiLius. Bucolica et Georgica. 
 (^Printed hy Gering, Crantz, and Fr'iburger.^ 
 Without Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 Although this impression be without indication of printer, there can 
 be no doubt of its having been executed by the above-mentioned 
 typographical artists. It seems to have escaped the notice of Chevillier, 
 Panzer, La Serna Santander, and Brunei. How far the text of it may 
 correspond with the impression of the Entire Works of Virgil, printed 
 in 1478, by the same printers, I am unable to pronounce. The rarity 
 of the volume before us is unquestionably very considerable. It con- 
 tains 49 leaves ; ha^'ing 32 lines upon a full page. There are neither 
 signatures, numerals, nor catchwords. The type is the larcre roman ; 
 used by the above printers, in their earliest attempts, in the ' Maison 
 de Sorbonne.' There are frequent parentheses introduced in the text; 
 as the following verses from the first Eclogue may shew : 
 
 Ille meas errare boues (ut cernis) et ipsura 
 Ludere (quee uellem) calamo permisit agresti/ 
 
 Spem gregis (ah silice in nudo) connixa reliquit. 
 Saepe malum hoc nobis (si mens non leua fuisset) 
 Sec. Xcc. Sec. 
 
 Each Eclogue, and each Book of the Georgics, has a title prefixed. 
 The latter concludes thus, on the recto of the last leaf — the reverse 
 
 being blank :
 
 488 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bucolica; No Date. 
 
 Carmina qui luri pastorum. audaxq; iuuenta 
 Titjre te patule cecini sub tegmine fagi/ 
 Finis foelix Georgicoift! Viigilii. 
 
 The present is a large and desirable copy ; elegantly bound in green 
 morocco. 
 
 513. ViRGiLius. BucoLiCA. Witkout Name of 
 Printer y Place, or Date. Quarto. 
 
 This impression is not less singular than rare. It seems to have 
 escaped the attention of bibliographers ; and a ms. note prefixed to the 
 present copy, by the noble Owner of it, informs us — that this copy 
 ' belonged to the monastery of St. George, near Inspruck, in Tyrol, 
 and was bound up with another book entitled Fior di Virtu, (the 
 latter being the same edition as is mentioned by Panzer, vol. iv. p. 
 129, n°. 511, and described in the Bihl. Crevenn.\o\. i. p. 177, n°. 805:) 
 •—In the inside was a note, in Latin, by one of the abbots ; in which 
 he says, that in 1475 he had ordered these two works to be -bound 
 together. This book must therefore have been printed at least 
 as early as the year here last mentioned.' We proceed to a particular 
 description of it. The entire impression comprises 22 leaves. It is 
 without signatures, numerals, and catchwords ; and a full page con- 
 tains 20 lines. Each Eclogue has, what may be called, an explanatory 
 title prefixed ; but so confused and corrupt appears to have been the 
 MS. from which the edition was printed, that the 65th verse of the Vth 
 Eclogue immediately follows the 9th verse of the Ilnd Eclogue. The 
 Vlth Eclogue is inserted as the Hid; and the 46th verse of the Ilnd 
 Eclogue immediately succeeds the 4th of this Vlth. The 73rd verse of 
 the Ilird Eclogue directly follows the 27th verse of the IVth : and 
 the remainder of the IVth is reserved for the conclusion of the Ilird; 
 when it follows without a space or notice. The Ilird Eclogue is again 
 introduced into the IVth, and the 30th verse of the Vth directly follows 
 the 37th of the Illrd. We have again the intermixture of the 10th 
 verse of the Ilnd Eclogue, after the 64th of the Ilird, &c. &c. Tliere 
 seems to be no accounting for such extreme confusion and irregularity. 
 The Xth Eclogue has this prefix : 
 
 ^octa be (^alli itiiefano amore 
 <CjjIoga ticcima & ultima.
 
 Bucolica; Brescia.] VIRGIL. 439 
 
 The subscription on tlie reverse of the 22n(l leaf, is as follows : 
 
 Finiuntur Bucolica Virgilii Maroniitf . 
 Scquitur Rcgiatrum 
 € Prinium bacat , P. Vicgilii Caniafjefcnt Iniafcre 
 € Quit phm Alter ttit Et cu Quale jefopoc 
 € Populuisf lungcntur Erpeciar xNc^cio quiH 
 
 From this it appears that a blank leaf preceded the first printed one ; 
 which, indeed, was almost always the case in the more ancient pub- 
 lications. The present is a beautiful copy of this extraordinary edition : 
 elegantly bound in green morocco. 
 
 514. ViRGiLius. Bucolica. Printed hy Ferandus. 
 Brescia. IVithout Date. Quarto. 
 
 Boni is the only author to whom Panzer reters tor an account or tiiis 
 excessively rare and estimable impression ; and, unfortunately, Boni 
 has almost as many errors as lines in his description of it. It is evident, 
 however, that a copy of it was before him, when he described it ; 
 although such gross carelessness is unaccountal)le. I difR-r wliolly from 
 this bibliographer in his position that the present small volume was 
 ' the earliest specimen of Ferandus's press :* — on the contrary, I 
 incline to believe it to be among the very latest productions of the 
 same press. In the first place, the character of type, here adopted, 
 is peculiar to the latter part of the XVth century ; and secondly, all 
 that Gothic rudeness and inequality, from which Boni infers that the 
 book was executed at an early period of the printer's career, is demon- 
 strative, in my humble judgment, of the frequent use of the same 
 letter. If so, this edition was printed about the year 1493, upon the 
 return of Ferandus to Brescia, and upon his resumption of his business. 
 It remains to describe the volume with minuteness. On the recto of 
 the first leaf, sign. 3, the first Eclogue begins thus : 
 
 5[tprc tu patuic rccubatf ^xih tcgitiic fa^ 
 ^xXxxt^ttt tenut muje^am nicbitart^ aucna 
 fcc. &:c. 8cc. 
 
 VOL. II. 3 R
 
 ,490 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Bucolka ; Brescia. 
 
 A full page has ^26 lines: and the letter T, or M, is only placed — 
 sometimes at the end, and sometimes at the beginning of the verse — 
 as indicative of the commencement of the singing of the respective 
 shepherds. The Eclogues succeed each other without any space or 
 prefix, till we reach the 6th Eclogue; where there is a title, in Gothic 
 capitals, similar to the preceding one. The 8th Eclogue has a space, 
 but no title, preceding it. The 9th has a title, thus : 
 
 tao tt moeri petie^ an quo uia bucit : t urtiej 
 <^ Epcitia uiui j^ucmmu^ atiucna wty^tn 
 
 kc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 The xth and last Eclogue begins on the reverse of b vij, at top, with- 
 out prefix ; and concludes on the reverse of the subsequent and last 
 leaf, (fi viij) having this colophon beneath : 
 
 %mx^ tieo . 
 93rijctae per €]^omam f ecaiUium ♦ 
 
 This • gemma tipografica' (as Boni not inaptly calls it) contains 16 
 leaves ; having the signatures a and b in eights. See the Lettere su i 
 Primi Libri a Stampa di Alcune Cittd. e Terre dell' Italia Superiorei 
 p. Lxxiv-Lxxv. The present copy, in russia binding, is in rather 
 tender condition. 
 
 515. ViRGiLius. BucoLicA. De Littera Y 
 Printed hy Damianus and Jacohus Philippus, 
 JBrescia. Quarto. 
 
 We have here another production of the early Brescia press ; which, 
 although probably of a date posterior to that of the preceding article, 
 may be considered a somewhat more important acquisition to the 
 cabinets of the curious. The frontispiece is undoubtedly a very 
 singular one. As I profess myself unable to explain it, and as it is 
 of a very singular and uncommon nature, the reader shall have the 
 power of judging for himself, by being presented with a most perfect 
 representation of it. The title above it, is as follows :
 
 491 
 
 Bucolica.] VIRGIL. 
 
 men nuperrime ejrcusum : tt biltge 
 tissimt ementiatum* 
 
 On the reverse, we read a prefix of the editor to the reader ; wliicli, witli 
 the curious httle embelli-^hnient that follows it, (similar to many of 
 the wood cuts in thj earlier publications of our own country) are thus 
 brought to our acquaintance :
 
 492 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [BucoUca; Brescia. 
 
 C^fumiijBf Cljrisftopfjonijgf Ccrjrcliusf ab Eectorem . 
 OSuae gracili batum pcincepjef motiulatusf auena c^t : 
 
 <Smentiata luficn^ carmina Jcctot erne ♦ 
 !^oc txhi €txm\\i pcrfecit cura 3^f ^^i • 
 Cuius? 5llrijSftarci)um tiertera iima refert ♦ 
 € |B. taecgiitj a^aconi^ 25ucoltca . <6cloga pcima 
 €itpni^ ♦ a^ditiocusf : i Citpm.sf amid ♦ 
 
 The 1st Eclogue begins immediately beneath ; and in the margin we ob- 
 serve two printed various readings ; namely, 'Agrestem' for 'Syluestrem' 
 — and * Protenus ' for ' Protinus.' Each Eclogue has a title prefixed ; 
 and the names of the ' Collocutores ' are designated, in the margin, by 
 their initials. The impression comprises Vl leaves, upon signature 2; 
 and a full page has 38 lines. On the reverse of the 12th and last leaf. 
 We read the conclusion of the Xth Eclogue, and the whole of * the 
 . Letter Y:' the latter beginning thus : 
 
 € ^, Wi. iilt^aromjSf be Uttera. f ♦ 
 
 L^ttera jrptfjagorae bi^crimine isccta Iiicorni : 
 i^umanac t)itae ^pecicm praefcrrc tibetut ♦ 
 
 Ice. Xcc. Sec. 
 
 At bottom, the colophon is as follows : 
 
 cgmpref^um 25rij:iae per SDamianu t ^f^coliu p&iHippu 
 fi:e9. 
 
 The present very curious and estimable little volume is also in tender 
 condition. It is in russia binding.
 
 nrgiliucentones.] VIRGIL. 493 
 
 516. ViRGILIOCENTONES VetERIS ET NoVI TeSTA- 
 
 MENTi. (Printed at Halle.) Without Date. 
 Quarto. 
 
 The beautiful condition of this curious, rather than greatly valuable 
 impression, is not exceeded by that of any other volume in the Collec- 
 tion. It may be classed in its present order, (similar to the arrange- 
 ment observed in the Plautina Dicta ; see p. 246 ante,) since it 
 contains excerpts from the works of Virgil, applicable to descriptions 
 of certain events related in the Old and New Testaments. A more 
 particular explanation will presently follow. The recto of the first leaf 
 (a j,) contains the title, as above, printed in large lower-case Gothic 
 type. An address from the editor to the reader occupies each side of 
 the ensuing leaf. Some preliminary verses * aicr0U0 ptclibanff0 ^oc 
 opusculum ' follow, on the recto of 91 ii) — having the word ♦ ©irgiliocen* 
 tonea' prefixed. These verses conclude on the reverse of 3 iiij. The 
 first extract from the poet is made to represent the Creation of the 
 World, thus : 
 
 aDpera m et tic ^^riticipio celii at terrajef capofq; liquenre^ef 
 creatione celt n ^jy^^j^j^j^q. gj^jim^^ June «9io!ij0fci5 laborc^af 
 
 %Tl^^t pater ^tatuit* tJojaf o darifjjima miinbi 
 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 17 lines. The various descriptions of the Morning are 
 extracted to represent tlie first six days of the Creation : and the text of 
 'It is not good for man to be alone,' is placed in the margin opposite these 
 verses : 
 
 taerii Ijtnc ali9 net qui^ig? et agmhie tato 
 %uhtt aHire btm je^ociuiefq^ in rcgna \jocari 
 
 kc. 8cc. k.c. 
 
 The ' Temptation of Eve' is called to the recollection of the editor, by 
 the following : 
 
 f ortimati ambo, ^i mens? non leua fui^^tt 
 Conhigi^ infantje tiocuit po^t txita^ ingeniaf
 
 494 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Servius; Fen, 147 \. 
 
 ganq^ bie^ infanbi ttau ptt flotea rura 
 (jBcccinimicu^ attox*. immen^M orBibii^ angui^ 
 Jbq^ttm in^tn^ tsxto^ ^eptena tjolumina beriSat 
 
 See. Sec. 8cc. 
 
 The dove seen over the head of our Saviour, after his baptism, is 
 thought not to be inaptly described by these lines : 
 
 f ultatq; bnba et ^uBito comota coluBa 
 SDeuolat. atq^ caput ^ug aftitit intie rej^ente 
 lUetiit iter Uquitium ^tdtte^ ncqj comouct a\a^ 
 
 The Crucifixion and Ascension are also introduced ; but the preceding 
 are sufficient to give the reader something like a correct notion of the 
 nature of this extraordinary performance. On the reverse of C bij the 
 work concludes ; having the shields, as noticed at page 143 ante, 
 beneath; and from vs^hich I have ventured to ascribe the impiession 
 to the Halle press. This beautiful copy is elegantly bound in green 
 morocco. 
 
 517. Servii CommentariiinVirgiltum. Printed 
 
 hy Valdarfer. Venice. 1471. Folio. 
 
 / 
 
 Having concluded the description of those impressions which contain 
 onlv THK TEXT of the poet, we proceed to those which have the Com- 
 mentary of Servius, accompanied only by very small portions of the 
 text. The present is, in all probability, the very earliest impression 
 extant ; and for reasons, which the reader will presently peruse, an 
 order of arrangement is here adopted different from that observed by 
 Panzer. This impression has received due notice by Maittaire, De Bure, 
 and Heyne. Consult the authorities referred to by Panzer, vol. iii. p. 
 79, n°. 59. It is the first of the two editions, of the same date, exe- 
 cuted by Valdarfer. On the recto of the first leaf, we read the com- 
 mencement of the Life of Virgil, thus : 
 
 IRGILIVS. MARO. PARENTI> 
 
 BVS. MODICIS. FVIT: ET. PR«. 
 
 &:c. kc. 8cc.
 
 Servhis ; FInr. 1471-2.] VIRGIL. 495 
 
 A full page contains 40 lines. The reverse of the 7th leaf is blank. 
 On the recto of the 8th the Commentary upon the Bucolics begins, and 
 ends on the recto of fol. 35, thus : 
 
 . FINIS. BVCOLICORVM. 
 
 The reverse is blank. The recto of the following leaf presents us with 
 the beginning of the Commentary upon the Georgics; which ends at 
 fol. 101, reverse. 
 
 . FINIS . GEORGICORVM. 
 
 The Mneid follows ; concluding on the reverse of fol. 345, and last ; 
 immediately beneath the explanation of the last verse ' Vitaque,' &c. 
 The colophon is thus : 
 
 In commune bonum mandasti plurima formis 
 
 Ratisponensis gloria Cristophore : 
 Nunc etiam docti das commentaria Serui 
 
 In quibus exponit carmina Viigiiii 
 Diuulgasq; librum qui raiior esse solebat 
 
 Vt paruo precio quisq; parare queat : 
 Hunc emite o luuenes : opera Carbonis ad unguem 
 
 Correctus uestris seruiet ingeniis : 
 
 . M . CCCC . LXXI . 
 
 The impression is without signatures, numerals, and catchwords ; and 
 spaces uniformly occur, both for titles to the several books, and for the 
 introduction of the Greek passages from Homer. The present is a 
 fine copy ; in red morocco binding. 
 
 518. Servii CoMMENTARii IN ViRGiLiuM. Printed 
 hy Bernardus and Dominicus Cenntnus, Flo' 
 rence. 1471-2. Folio. 
 
 Audifiredi has been unusually elaborate in his description of thii 
 important impression, from two copies of it which he had himself 
 examined, and from the account which Bandini had given in his 
 S'pec, Lit. Florent. Sac. XV. vol. ii. p. 190. De Bure has been entirely
 
 496 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Servius; 1471-2. 
 
 indebted to Maittaire's description in the Annal. Typog. vol. i. p. 320, 
 note * : which is far from being a superficial one. We may observe a 
 medium between these extremes. On the recto of the first leaf, with- 
 out prefix, the Commentary upon the Bucolics commences thus : 
 
 VCOLICA VT FERVNT DICTA SVNT ACV/ 
 STODIA BOVMIDEST PRECIPVA 
 
 ENIM SVNT ANIMALIA APVD RVSTICOS BO 
 ues. 8cc. 
 
 A full page has 43 lines. On the reverse of fol. 20, following the con- 
 clusion of the Commentary upon the Bucolics, we read this subscrip- 
 tion : 
 
 AD LECTOREM 
 FLORENTIAE. VII. IDVS NOVEMBRES 
 . MCCCCLXXI. 
 BERNARDVS Cennnius* aurifex omniumiudicioprajs- 
 tantissimus : 8c Dominicus eius. F. egregias indolis ado- 
 lescens : expressis ante calibe caracteribus/ ac dein/ 
 de fusis literis uolumen hoc prinium impresserunt. 
 Petrus cenninus Bernardi eiusdera. F. quanta potuit 
 cura k. diligetia emendauit ut : cernis. Florentinis in- 
 geniis nil ardui est. 
 
 The Commentaiy upon the Georgics follows ; which concludes on the 
 reverse of fol. 55— having the ensuing subscription : 
 
 SERVII HONORATI GRAMMATICI IN GEOR 
 GICA MARONIS EXPLANATIO EXPLICIT 
 
 AD LECTOREM 
 
 FLORENTIAE. V. IDVS lANVARIAS 
 
 . MCCCCLXXI . 
 
 Beneath, there is precisely the same matter as has been just extracted, 
 relating to the two printers. The Commentary upon the Mneid fol- 
 lows ; and occupies, according to AudiflFredi, 130 leaves. It is succeeded 
 by a small grammatical tract of Servius — entitled * db natuka 
 
 • Sic.
 
 Servius i No Date.'] VIRGIL. 497 
 
 Syllabaeum ;• which contains only 4 pages. This tract will not be 
 found in the other early impressions of Servius's Commentary here 
 described. At the termination of this Opusculum, a part of the pre- 
 ceding subscription is again introduced ; after which, we learn that ' no 
 pains were spared, in the examination of numerous copies, that the 
 public should be presented with the legitimate works only of the 
 Commentator.' The two last lines are as follows : 
 
 ABSOLVTVxM OPVS NONIS OCTOBRIBVS. 
 . MCCCCLXXII. FLORENTIAE. 
 
 There are neither numerals, signatures, nor catchwords ; and spaces 
 are unifonnly left foi- the insertion of the Greek passages. 
 
 It remains to observe, first, that this volume does not exhibit, as 
 Mr. Roscoe is inclined to suppose, the earliest fruits of the Florentine 
 press. Audiffredi arranges it as the third book ; and thinks that ' the 
 typographic art was flourishing at Florence in the year 1472/ Se- 
 condly, this leained bibliographer concludes that there is probably an 
 error in the second subscription of the date mcccclxxi; which, he 
 imagines, ought rather to be mcccclxxi i — but he forgot that the 
 ecclesiastical commencement of the year took place in March ; and the 
 preceding subscriptions are alone a confirmation of every thing which 
 has been before advanced upon this subject. According to the reckon- 
 ing of Audiffredi, this impression contains, m the whole, 185 leaves. 
 Edit. Ital. p. 258-260. The present is rather a desirable copy of it : 
 in Russia binding. 
 
 519. Servii Commentarii in Virgilium. TVith- 
 (mt Name of Printer, Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 The present is the seventh specimen of the type of this impression, 
 which has been already submitted to the attention of the reader. 
 Maittaire observes that the edition bears ' every mark of antiquity ;' 
 and De Bure, in the Cat. de la Falliere, vol. ii. p. 87, n". 2454, thinks, 
 with sufficient reason, that it might have been printed about the year 
 1472. It is uniformly executed in double columns, and a full page 
 contains 56 lines. There are neither signatures, numerals, nor catch- 
 words. The following extract, from the opening of the work, on the 
 
 VOL II. 3 s
 
 49S ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Servius; Ulric Han. 
 
 recto of the first leaf, affords a curious specimen of the attempt to 
 supply the want of Greek characters. I have marked the word alluded 
 to in italics: 
 
 Mauri Seruii Honorati gramatici : onie 
 tarius in bucolica Virgilii iiicipit. 
 Piologus 
 VCOLICA VT ferut di. 
 eta sunt a potobokolon. id e 
 a custodia bourn. Piecipua 
 eni sunt apud rusticos alalia 
 Sec. 8cc. kc. 
 
 Each book begins and concludes with a prefix in small or lower-case 
 letter. On the recto of fol. 158, and the last of the Commentary, about 
 a third part down the first and only column, we read the conclusion 
 thus: 
 
 adhuc habitare nature legibus poterat. Sic 
 homerus. Amen. 
 
 A copious alphabetical index, of 22 leaves, closes the impression. The 
 present may be called a fine copy, in russia binding, having rough edgci 
 at bottom. The paper is of admirable manufacture. 
 
 520. Servii CommentartiinVirgilium. Printed 
 hy Ulric Han. Rome. Without Date. Folio. 
 
 I am induced to insert this impression in its present order, from a 
 persuasion that it could not have been printed before the year 1473, 
 (if so early,) owing to the great quantity of Greek type which appears 
 throughout ; and especially towards the latter part of it. Audiflfredi, 
 notwithstanding his acknowledged aversion to the reputation of Ulric 
 Han, is compelled to admit the beauty and utility of this edition. 
 * Graecus character, (says he,) pro locis Graecis adhibitus fuit, et 
 quidem satis elegans : neque in magno foliorum numero, quae cum in 
 principio, turn in medio, ac fine voluminis, inspicere lubuit, locum 
 ullum oflFendimus, in quo is deesset.' Tins is reluctant but great
 
 No Date.] VIRGIL. 400 
 
 praise from such an authority. When, in the subjoined note, Audif- 
 fredi observes that there is no work of Ulric Han which can be com- 
 pared with this, even on the score of the Roman type — he appears to 
 make a distinction without any real difference; since it is quite manifest 
 that the type is precisely similar to that used in the Liw, PUitarch, 
 Justin, and Juvenal, before noticed. The accidental beauty of the copy 
 inspected by Audiffredi can only account for such an observation. 
 
 On the recto of the first leaf, after a title in 3 lines of capital letters, 
 we read the opening of the Commentary upon the Bucolics, thus : 
 
 VCOLICA VT FERVNT INDE 
 
 dicta a custodia bourn : idest arro tuv (3ov)co 
 Xuv. Praecipuaenim sunt animalia apud ru/ 
 
 A full page has 41 lines. There are titles throughout; but neither 
 numerals, signatures, nor catchwords. On the recto of fol 3^0 and 
 last, we read the conclusion of the Commentary upon the jilneid, and 
 the colophon, thus : 
 
 ov TTor^ov footrx XirrovocvdocoTifiTa, kxi y]^riv 
 
 Sic Homerus Laus tibi Criste lesu initiu atq; finis omniu 
 xeif.. anie 
 
 Anser Tarpeii custos louis : unde Q) alis 
 Constieperes. Gallus decidit Vltor adcst. 
 
 Vdalricus Gallus : ne quern poscant in usuni 
 Edocuit pennis nil opus esse tuis. 
 
 Imprimit ille die : quantum non scribil anno 
 In2:enio. baud noceas. omnia uincit homo. 
 
 The present is probably the same impression of which Masvicius has 
 spoken in such warm commendatory terms : see the extract in the 
 Introd. to the Classics, vol. ii. p. 316. Unluckily, this copy is rather in 
 tender condition. It is bound in red morocco.
 
 500 ANCIENT CLASSICS. [Servius ; 1475, &c. 
 
 521. ServiiCommentariiinVirgilium. Printed 
 at Milan. 1475. Folio. 
 
 This volume is rather a typographical curiosity. The singularity of 
 its having catchivords, on the reverse of a few of the leaves, which are 
 sometimes inserted at right angles, at the end of the last line, and 
 sometimes in the middle, beneath the last line — has been duly noticed 
 by Maittaireand Panzer; although Saxius, Morelli, and De Bure have 
 omitted to mention it. Nor was La Serna Santander apparently aware 
 of this singular deviation from the usual mode of printing catchwords. 
 See Annal Typog. Maitt. vol. i. p. 349, note 5 ; Hist. Lit. Typog. Mediol. 
 p. DLxii I, note (y ;) Bibl. Pinell. vol. iii. p, 118; Cat. de la Valliere, vol. ii. 
 p. 84, n°. 2435, (which copy was sold for 230 livres ;) and the vth vol. 
 or Supplement au Catalogue, &c. de M. C. de La Serna Santander, 1803, 
 p. 29, 30. Saxius makes no doubt of the book having been printed at 
 Milan, and Panzer ascribes the execution of it to Zarotus. As far as 
 I have examined it, it appears to be a faithful reprint of the edition of 
 Valdarfer, noticed at p. 494 ante. The Greek })assages from Homer 
 are uniformly omitted. The conclusion is similar to that of Valdarfer's 
 impression ; and the imprint is as follows : 
 
 Anno a Natali christian© millessimo quadrigentessimo 
 septuagessimo quinto Kalendis decebrib9 Diuo Galeacio 
 maria fFoitia uicecomite Mediolani Duce quinto flo- 
 rente hoc opus non indiligenter est impressum. 
 
 In the whole, 317 leaves. There are neither signatures nor numerals. 
 In French calf binding, gilt leaves. 
 
 522. ViTRUVius. TT^ithout Name of Printer, 
 Place, or Date. Folio. 
 
 Editio Princeps. Such is the rarity of this impression, that 
 Cardinal Quirini, in his Litteratura Brixiana, p. 122, was induced to 
 doubt its existence. Ernesti has well described iti in his Bibl. Lat. 
 Fabr. vol. i. p. 483 ; observing that Latin words are substituted 
 for those in the Greek language, and that, where many Greek
 
 No Date.-] MTRUVIUS. 
 
 501 
 
 words, or verses, appear, a space is left for their insertion in MS. 
 AudifFredi has, as usual, been exact and particular; avaihng himself 
 of the authority of Polenus, in his Exercitat. Vitruvian. p. 5-10. We 
 gather from the editor, Sulpitius, that the edition was printed at 
 Rome; and from Audiffredi it should seem that the jtrinlir wtis 
 Georgius Herolt ; and that the type resembles that with which Herolt 
 executed the ' Origen contra Celsum,' 1481, folio : see vol. i. p. 217- 
 220, for a particular description of this latter work. The date of UBG 
 is assigned by Polenus for that of the present impression. De Bure 
 appears to have been ignorant of its existence. Edit. Rom. p. 383 ; 
 Bibliogr. Instruct, vol. ii. p. 565. 
 
 On the reverse of the first leaf, we read an address of lo. Sulpitius 
 to the reader ; concluding thus : 
 
 primus hoc in stadio curro : 8c ad certaaien uia iam 
 liberalil strata reliquos Inter se excito. Vale iam : 
 Sc liuore lectio careat: Age q; ut ego cum aliis te 
 quoq; sine odio commendare possimus : . 
 
 An index follows. On the reverse of fol. 3, is an address by Sulpitius 
 to Riarius and Camenirius, concluding on the reverse of fol. 4. On 
 the recto of fol. 5, is the preface of the author, addressed to Augustus. 
 The first chapter of the work begins on the reverse. On the reverse 
 of the last leaf but one, we read the following subscription : 
 
 . L. VICTRVVII POLLIONIS DE 
 ARCHITECTVRA FINIS. 
 
 lo. Sulpitius lectori salutem. 
 
 Lector habes tandem ueneranda uolumina docti 
 
 Victruuii : quorum copia rara fuit. 
 Ha!C lege: nam disces: noua: magna: recondita: pulchra: 
 
 Et quae sint in re sjepe futura tuo. 
 Emendata uides : sed peccat littera siqua 
 
 Corrige : nemo satis lynceus esse potest. 
 
 The recto of the following and last leaf is occupied by the ' Corrigenda' 
 and register. In the whole, 96 leaves. There is but one mathema-
 
 502 ANCIENT CLASSICS. , [No Bate. 
 
 tical figure, by way of illustration, in the volume. For an account of 
 the impression of Frontinus, which is joined to it, see vol. iii. of this 
 work. The present is rather an indifferent copy ; in red morocco 
 binding. 
 
 523. Xenophon. De Vita Tyrannica. Latine. 
 Without Name of Printer, Place, or Date. 
 Quarto. 
 
 Both Denis and Panzer refer to the Bibl. Pinell. vol. i. p. 199, 
 n°. 1123, for an account of this impression — which is there thus de- 
 scribed ' Libellus ex editione perantiqua, charactere Romano, sine 
 numeris, signaturis et custodibus ; cujus pagina quaelibet lineas 
 quinque ac viginti habet.' The type is sufficiently rude ; having, in 
 some places, the same blurred appearance as the typography of the 
 Greek and Latin impression of the Muobatrachomyomachia, described 
 at page 53 ante. In the opinion of some bibliographer, it may be 
 a character between that of Laver and Schurener. The tract com- 
 mences thus, on the recto of the first leaf: 
 
 LEONARDI ARETINI AD NICOLA 
 VM NICOLI DE VITA TIRAMNICA 
 PROHEMIVM INCIPIT. 
 
 Enofontis phylosophi queda 
 libellura: quern ego ingenii ex 
 8cc. 8cc. 8cc. 
 
 On the reverse of the 2nd leaf is tlie following prefix to the version 
 itself : 
 
 XENOPHONTIS PHYLOSOPHI LI 
 BER DE VITA TIRAMNICA PER LE 
 ONARDVM TRADVCTVS INCIPIT 
 IN QVO HIERONEM TIRAMNVM 
 ET SIMONIDEM POETAM COLLO 
 QVENTES INDVCIT.
 
 No Date.] 
 
 ANCIENT CL.\SSICS. 
 
 SOS 
 
 The tract, in the whole, contains 18 leaves ; and may be considered as 
 a curious and rave specimen of ancient printing. This copy is in red 
 roorocco binding. 
 
 With this Article we conclude the second, and principal, division 
 of the Contents of the Library under description. A few Editions 
 which have unavoidably escaped notice, will be found in the Supple- 
 ment to the last volume of the work : together with others, which 
 have been acquired since this Division was committed to the press. 
 Meanwhile, those Readers who are acquainted with the more rare 
 and valuable editions of the ANXIENT CLASSICS, will be ready to 
 express their gratification at the number of them which the foregoing 
 pages supply : — a number, probably, unparallelled in any private 
 Collection in Europe.
 
 Printed by William Bulmer and Co. 
 Cleveland Row, St. James's, London.
 
 t
 
 D 000 971346