LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIEORNIA SANTA BARBARA PRESENTED BY Mr. H. H. Kil iani Mama . . . have pity on him and on me Original Etching dlUustratrii ^trrluui iEiiitiint HARD CASH A MATTER-OF-FACT ROMANCE VOLUME I By CHARLES READE, D. C. L. BOSTON DANA ESTE5 & COMPANY PUBLISHERS LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNU SANTA BARBARA LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS HARD CASH Vol. I. PAGE " Mama . . . have pity on him and on me " Frontispiece Took off his hat to them 52 She shared her hymn book with him .... 129 Two BLACK men WERE FIGHTING AND STRUGGLING . 236 The men were upon him 304 Hardie got the notes and bills all in a hurry . 345 PREFACE "Hard Cash," like "The Cloister and the Hearth," is a matter-of-fact romance ; that is, a fiction built on truths ; and these truths have been gathered by long, severe, systematic labor, from -a multitude of volumes, pamphlets, journals, reports, blue-books, manuscript narratives, letters, and living people, whom 1 have sought out, examined, and cross-examined, to get at the truth on each main topic I have striven to handle. The madhouse scenes have been picked out by certain disinterested gentlemen who keep private asylums, and periodicals to puff them ; and have been met with bold denials of public facts and with timid personalities, and a little easy cant about Sensation ^ Novelists ; but in reality those passages have been written on the same system as the nautical, legal, and other scenes ; the best • This slang term is not quite accurate as applied to me. Without sensa- tion tticre can be no interest; but my plan is to mix a little character and a Httle philosopliy with the sensational element. 4 PREFACE. evidence has been ransacked ; and a large portion of this evidence I shall be happy to show at my honse to any brother writer who is disinterested, and really cares enough for truth and humanity to walk or ride a mile in pursuit of them, CHARLES READE. 6 Bolton Row, Mayf^ii December 5, 1863. CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." Private Asylums. To the Editor of the Daily Neics. Sir, — When a writer of sensation romances makes a heroine push a superfluous husband into a well, or set a house on fire, in order to get rid of disagreeable testi- mony, we smile over the highly seasoned dish, but do not think it necessary to apply the warning to ourselves, and for the future avoid sitting on the edge of a draw- well, or having any but fireproof libraries. But when we read, as in the novel " Very Hard Cash," now pub- lishing in " All the Year Round," that any man may, at any moment, be consigned to a fate which to a sane man would be worse than death, and that not by the single act of any of our Lady Audleys, or other interesting criminals, but as part of a regular organized system, in all compliance with the laws of the land — when we read this, a thrill of terror goes through the public mind. If what Mr. Charles Reade says be possible, who is safe ? Allow me, as one thoroughly conversant with the work- ing of the law of lunacy, to reassure the minds of your readers, by informing them that it is not possible. So 5 6 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE many are the checks and securities with which the legis- lature has most properly surrounded the person of an alleged lunatic; so vigilant, patient, and so zealous in the discharge of their duties are the Commissioners in Lunacy and the officially appointed visitors of asylums, that any one (not a sensation writer) imagining that these checks and securities could be evaded, these visit- ors hoodwinked in the way the author describes, would himself be a fit subject for a commission ^' de lunatlco inqulretido.^' So far from commissioners and visitors being put off with any " formula," such as the author quotes, and believing anybody rather than the patient himself, the exact contrary is the fact, and very properly so. In my own case. Earl Nelson, Viscount Folkestone, General Buckley, M.P., the Rev, Charles Grove, and Mr. Martin Coats, and in other asylums, magistrates of equal intelligence and high standing, fill the office of visitors ; and never in any case do they refuse a private interview to any patient asking it. In these interviews no interference of any doctors or attendants, or any "formula," is possible, and the visitors will listen even to the most incoherent ravings if there appears to be the slightest clew to be gathered from them to any real grievance. 1 say nothing of the terrible slander cast upon a body of professional men to which I am proud to belong. There is no redress for that. There are certain offences with which no court of law can deal ; offences against decency, good taste, and truth, which can be brought before no tribunal but that of public opinion. I would only challenge ]Mr. lieade, in conclusion, if he has the slightest grounds for any belief in the possibility of the incidents he has put in print, to state those grounds. Let him quote his case, and openly and fear- FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 7 lessly declare when and where such atrocities occurred. I do not ask for one in all points resembling that which he has published ; but one that furnishes even the slight- est excuse for such a libellous attack upon those medical men who, like myself, practise in lunacy. I am, etc., J. S. BUSHNAN, M.D. LA.VERSTOCK House Asylum, Salisbury. Private Asylums. To the Editor of the Daily News. Sir, — My attention is drawn to a letter written to you by J. S. Bushnan, ]M.D., to vent a little natural irritation on the author of " Very Hard Cash," and lull the public back into the false security from which that work is calculated to rouse them. 1 pass by his personalities in silence ; but, when he tells you, in the roundabout style of his tribe, that " Very Hard Cash " rests on no basis of fact ; that sane persons cannot possibly be incarcerated or detained under our Lunacy Acts ; that the gentlemen who pay an asylum four flying visits a year know all that passes in it the odd three hundred and sixty -one days, and are never out- witted and humbugged on the spot ; that no interference of doctors or attendants between visitor and patient, and no formulae of cant and deception are possible within the walls of a madhouse — this is to play too hard upon the credulity of the public, and the forgetfulness of the press. 1 beg to contradict all and every one of his general statements, more courteously, I trust, than he has contradicted me, but quite as seriously and positively. Dr. Bushnan knows neither the subject he is writing of, nor the man he is writing at. In matters of lunacy, 1 am not only a novelist ; I am also that humble citizen, 8 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE who, not long ago, with the aid of the press, protected a sane man who had been falsely imprisoned in a private lunatic asylum ; hindered his recapture, showed him his legal remedy, fed, clothed, and kept him for twelve months with the aid of one true-hearted friend, during all which time a great functionary, though paid many thousands a year to do what 1 was doing at my own ex- pense — justice — did all he could to defeat justice, and break the poor suitor's back and perpetuate his stigma, by tyrannically postponing, and postponing, and postpon- ing, and postponing his trial to please the defendant. At last this great procrastinator retired, and so that worst enemy of justice, "the postponement swindle," died, and by its death trial by jury rose again from the dead, even for an alleged lunatic. Well, sir, no sooner did we get him before thirteen honest men in the light of day, than this youth — whom the mad doctors had declared and still declared insane, whom two homuncules, commissioners in lunacy, had twice visited in the asylum, and conversed with, and done nothing whatever towards his liberation — stood up eight hours in the witness-box, was examined, cross-examined, badgered; yet calm, self-possessed, and so manifestly sane, that the defendant resigned the contest, and compounded the inevitable damages, giving us a verdict, the costs, fifty pounds cash, and an annuity of one hundred pounds a year. All this, says Dr. Bushnan, is impossible. I closely examined this youth as to his fellow-patients, and, as he could minutely describe the illusions of the insane ones, I find it hard to doubt his positive state- ment that two patients in that same house were perfectly sane. Of course the main event I have related made some noise ; real and alleged lunatics heard there was a Quixotic ass in this island, who would, in his unguarded FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 9 moments, give away justice at his own expense, instead of selling it for so many thousands a year and not deliv- ering the article ; and I was inundated with letters and petitions, and opened a vein of private research by which the readers of " Hard Cash " will profit, all except ])r. Bushnan, A lady called on me and asked me to get her sister out of a private asylum, assuring me she was sane, and giving me proofs. Having observed that to get out of an asylum you must first be out of it, I cud- gelled my brains, and split this prisoner in half ; I drew up a little document authorizing a certain sharp attorney to proceed in law or equity for her relief ; and sent her sister into the asylum to get it signed by the prisoner. She did sign it, and thus armed, her other self, the attorney, being outside the asylum, was listened to, though a deaf ear had always been turned to her. After a correspondence, which has served me as a model in the current number of " Hard Cash," after, in vain, sug- gesting her discharge to the parties pecuniarily inter- ested in detaining her, the board actually plucked up courage and discharged her themselves. We all saw her often after this, and were hours in her company. She was perfectly sane, as sane as I am, and much saner than some of the mad doctors are at this hour, as time will show. This case opened another vein of research, and my detective staff was swelled by a respectable ex- attendant (female), who gave me the names of two or three sane ladies, at that time in durance vilest to her knowledge. Tliree years after the supposed date of Alfred Hardie's impossible incarceration came the flagrant case of " Mathew v. Harty," some of whose delicious inci- dents have been used in " Hard Cash," and will be con- tradicted by humbugs and condemned as improbable by gulls; at least 1 venture to hope so. The defendant was 10 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE one of that immaculate class, to criticise some of whom, if I understand Dr. Bushnan aright, is to libel the whole body ; and the plaintiff was a distinguished young scholar in Dublin. Defendant enticed him into a mad- house, and there left him in a common flagged cell ; but to amuse his irrational mind, lent him what ? Peter Parley, or Dr. Littlewit's conjectures about the intellect of Hamlet ? Oh, dear no ; " Stack's Optics," " Lloyd's Mechanical Philosophy," " Brinkley's Astronomy," " Cicero de Officiis," and " Stock's Lucian." Enter the oliicial inspector ; is appealed to, admits his sanity, promises to liberate him, and with that promise dismisses the matter from his official mind, and goes his way contented. This was sworn to afterwards and not contradicted. Then comes Dr. Harty and urges him to confession in these memorable Avords, sworn to, and not contradicted ; " Your safety will consist in acknowledg- ing you are insane, and your sanity will appear by admitting your insanity." Mathew saw the hook, and declined the bait. Now there was in this asylum a boy called Hoolahan, whose young mind had not been poisoned, and whose naked eye was as yet undimmed by the spectacles of cant and prejudice. So he saw at a glance Mathew was sane, and, not being paid a thousand a year to pity him, pitied him. Hoolahan took a letter to Mathew's college chum. In that letter Mathew poured out his wrongs and his distress. But suppose it should be intercepted ! Mathew provided against this contingency ; he couched his letter in Ciceronian Latin, humbly conceiving that this language would puzzle the doctors as much as the Latin in their prescriptions would puzzle Cicero. Mr. Hall got the letter, and, not being paid to protect alleged lunatics, took the matter up in earnest, and so frightened Dr. Harty that he dis- charged Mathew at once ; and said, " Now, don't you be FIKST EDITION OP "HARD CASH." 11 induced to bother me about this trifle ; I'm an okl man, and going to die almost immediately." On this Mathew took the alarm, and served a writ on him Avithout loss of time. The cause came on, and was urged and defended with equal forensic ability. But evidence decides cases, and the plaintiff's evidence was overpowering. Then the defendant, despairing of a verdict, bethought him how he might lower the inevitable damages ; he instructed his counsel to reveal that " the young man who was now prosecuting him to the death was his own illegitimate son." At this revelation, ably and feelingly introduced by Counsellor Martly, the sensation was, of course, immense, and being in Ireland, a gallery came down just then and the coup de theatre was perfect. Many tears were shed ; the public was moved ; the plaintiff still more so. For it is not often that a man, who has passed for an orphan all his life, can plant a writ and reap a parent. '• Japhet in search of a Father " should have wandered about serving writs. The jury either saw that the relationship was irrelevant in a ques- tion so broad and civic, or else they were fathers of another stamp, and disapproved of tender parents who disown their offspring for twenty-four years, and then lock them up for mad, and only claim kindred in court to mitigate damages. At all events they found for Mr. Mathew, with damages one thousand pounds. All this, says Dr. Eushnan, was utterly impossible. Well, the impossibility in question disguised itself as fact, and went through the hollow form of taking place, upon the 11th, 12th, and 13th December, 1851, and the myth is recorded in the journals, and the authorized report by Elrington, jun., and W. P. Carr, barristers-at-law, is pub- lished in what may be an air bubble, but looks like a pam- phlet by M'Glashan, 50 Upper Sackville Street, Dublin, But I rely mainly on the private cases, which a large 12 COllEESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE correspondence with strangers, and searching inquiry amongst my acquaintances, have revealed to me ; unfor- tunately these are nearly al\va3's accompanied with a stipulation of secrecy ; so terrible, so ineradicable, is the stigma. " Hall v. Semple " clearly adds its mite of proof that certiticates of insanity are still given reck- lessly : but to show you how strong I am, I do not rely at all on disputable cases like Nottidge, Ruck, and Leech ; though in the two latter of these cases the press leaned strongly against the insanity of the prisoners, and surely the press is less open to prejudice in this matter than Dr. Bushnan is, who dates his confident con- jectures from a madhouse. It seems I have related in " Hard Cash " that in one asylum (not Dr. Wycherley's), when Alfred Hardie went to complain to a visitor, a keeper interfered and said, " Take care, sir, he is dan- gerous." And this 1 then and there call a formula, one out of many. " Dreamer," says Dr. Bushnan, " there are no such things as formulae in madhouses ; and no interference between patient and inspector is i^ossible, for there are none in my asylum, and therefore there can be none in any other." Oh, logic of psychological ! Mr. Drummond, in a debate on lunacy, testiiied as follows: "Now the honorable gentleman had remarked that it was very easy for persons in those establishments who had a complaint to make, to make it. Was it really so ? (Hear, hear.) He thought otherwise. He could only say that, whenever he had visited an asylum, and went up to a lunatic who had stated that he had a ground of complaint, some keeper immediately evinced an unusual interest in his personal welfare, and cau- tioned him, saying, ' Take care, sir, he is a very dan- gerous man.' (Hear.) " The length of this letter, which after all but skims the matter, arises out of the importance of the subject, and FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 13 the nature of all argument based on evidence. It takes but a few lines to make many bold assertions, and to challenge Mr. Reade to prove them false. But the Eeadian proofs cannot be so compressed. ^^ Phis negabit in una, hard iinus doctor, quam ceiitum docti in centum annis probai-erint." I conclude by begging you to find space for the following extract from a respectable journal. I have many such extracts in my London house : this one is a fair representative of the press, and of its convictions and expressions at the time when it issued. Extract. — " Here are two cases [Mrs. Turner and 'Mr. Leech] : "We have before us the particulars of a third, but we are not, unfortunately, in a condition to publish the names. Suffice it to say that an unfortunate gentleman who had been suffering from bodily disorder which finally affected his brain, but who was not mad, was incarcerated in one of those horrid dens which are called private lunatic asylums ; and there confined for months. By his own account he was treated with the greatest cruelty, strapped down to a bed with broad bands of webbing, and kept there till it was supposed he was dying. The result we will state in the sufferer's own words : * My back, from lying in one constrained posture, was a mass of ulcerated and sloughing sores ; my right hand was swollen enormously, and useless ; and two fingers of the left hand were permanently con- tracted, and the joints destroyed. I also lost several front teeth.' This poor man at last obtained his liberty, and applied to the commissioners for redress. Their letter in reply is now before us. The commissioners merely say that, although they do not in any degree impugn the integrity of the complainant's statements, they are not of opinion that inquiry would answer any good purpose. They add, however, that, ' in order to mark their opinion on the suVjject they have granted Mr. 14 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE a license provisionally for the limited period of four months only, and that the renewal will depend upon the condition and management of his establishment being entirely satisfactory in the mean time.' [As if any great criminal would not undertake to behave better or more cautiously if, after detecting him by a miracle, we Avere weak enough to bribe him to more skilful hypocrisy by the promise of impunity. — c. R.J Poor consolation this for all the misery the wretched sufferer had undergone ! Here, then, are three cases following one upon the other in rapid succession. How many remain behind of which we know nothing ? The fact would appear to be that under existing arrangements any English man or woman may without much difficulty be incarcerated in a private lunatic asylum when not deprived of reason. If actually deprived of reason when first confined, patients may be retained in duress when their cure is perfected, and they ought to be released." I am, etc., The Author of " Very Hard Cash." Magdalen Collegk, Oxford, October 23, 18G3. To this letter I hear Dr. Bushnan has replied down in the country. By this, and by his not sending me a copy, may I not infer he prefers having it all his own way in the neighborhood of his asylum to encountering me again before the nation ? The extract quoted above is, I believe, from the Times, and was accompanied by an admirable letter of three columns thus entitled : — Lunatic Asylums and the Lunacy Laws. {By a Physician.) This honest inquirers should read, and also the news- paper reports of false imprisonment and cruelty, during FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 15 the last twelve years, and the contemporaneous com. ments of the press — before deciding to overrate my imaginative powers, and underrate my sincerity, and my patient, laborious industry. In January, 1870, the editor of the Pall Mall Gazette drew attention to the fact that several lunatics had died of broken ribs in various asylums, and that the attend- ants had furnished no credible solution of the myster}'. This elicited the following letter from the author of " Hard Cash " : — How LuxATics' Ribs get Broken. To the Editor of the Pall Mall Gazette. Sir, — The Pall Mall Gazette, January 15, deals with an important question, " the treatment of lunatics," and inquires, inter alia, how Santa Xistri came to have his breast-bone and eight ribs fractured at Hanwell; and how other patients have died at the same place of simi- lar injuries; and how ^Yilliam Wilson came to have twelve ribs broken the other day at the Lancaster County Asylum. The question is grave; the more so, that, by every principle of statistics, scores of ribs must be broken, one or two at a time, and nobody the wiser, under a system Avhich rises periodically to such high figures of pulverization, and so lets in the faint light of an occasional inquest, conducted by credulity in a very atmosphere of mendacity. I have precise information, applicable to these recent cases, but not derived from them, and ask leave to relate the steps by which the truth came to me. On the 2d January, 1851, Barnes, a lunatic, died at Peckham House with an arm and four ribs broken. The people of the asylum stuck manfully together, and 16 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE agreed to know nothing about it; and justice would have been baffled entirely, but for Donnelly, an insane patient — he revealed that Hill, a keeper, had broken the man's bones. Hill was tried at the Central Criminal Court, and convicted of manslaughter on Donnelly's sole evidence, the people of the asylum maintaining an obdu- rate silence to the end. About 1858, I think, a lunatic patient died suddenly, with his breast-bone and eight ribs broken, which figures please compare with Santa Nistri's. As it had taken a keeper to break the five bones of Barnes, nobody believed that accident had broken the nine bones of Seeker — that, I think, was the victim's name ; but this time the people of the asylum had it all their own way ; they stuck manfully together, stifled truth, and baffled justice. (See the Ninth Report of the Commissioners in Lunacy, p. 25.) Late in July, 1858, there was a ball at Colney Hatch. The press were invited, and came back singing the praises of that blest retreat. What order ! What gay- ety ! What non-restraint ! O fortunatos nimium sua si bona norint Lunaticos. Next week or so Owen Swift, one of the patients in that blest retreat, died of the following injuries : breast-bone and eleven ribs broken, liver ruptured. Varney, a patient — whose evidence reads like that of a very clear-headed gentleman, if you compare it with the doctor's that follows it — deposed to this effect: Thursday at dinner-time Swift was in good health and spirits, and more voluble than Slater, one of the keepers, approved. Slater said, "Hold your noise." Swift bab- bled on. Slater threw the poor man down, and dragged him into the padded room, which room then resounded for several minutes with "a great noise of knocking and FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 17 ^ bumping about" and with the sufferer's cries of agony till these last were choked, and there Avas silence. Swift was not seen again till Saturday morning ; and then, in presence of Varney, he accused Slater to his face of hav- ing maltreated hira, and made his words good by dying that night or the very next morning. This evidence was borne out by the state of the body (fractured sternum, and eleven fractured ribs), and not rebutted by any direct, or, indeed, rational testimony. Yet the accused was set free. But the press and the country took this decision ill. A Middlesex magistrate wrote to the Times, August 21, 1860, to remonstrate, and drew attention to a previous idiotic verdict in a similar ease. And whereas the medical man of the establish- ment had assisted to clear the homicide by his own igno- rance of how bones can be broken wholesale without proportionate bruises or flesh wounds, a correspondent of the Daily Telegraph enlightened his professional /gnorance on that head, and gave the public the only adequate solution of Owen Swift's death, which had been either spoken or written up to that day. That one adequate solution was the true one. — Daily Telegraph, August 9, 1860. Time, 1862. Place, Hanwell. Matthew Geoghegan, a patient, refused to go to bed. Jones, a keeper, threw him down, and kicked him several times ; then got a stick and beat him ; then got a fire-shovel and beat him ; then jumped on his body ; then walked up and down his body ; of which various injuries the man died, not immediately, but yet so speedily that the cuts and bruises were still there to show what had killed him. Bone, a bricklayer, and eye-witness of the homicide, swore to the above facts. Linch, Bone's laborer, another eye-witness, swore to the same facts. The resident engi- neer swore that Bone and Linch were both true men. 2 18 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE Dr. Jephson had found the man Avith bruises, one of which, on his abdomen, had been caused by the heel of a boot. Per contra, a doctor was found to swear as follows: ''I swear that I tltink he died of pleuro-pneu- monia. I swear that I do7i't knoiv whether his external injuries contributed to his death." And upon this, though no pleuro-pneumonia could be shown in the mutilated body, though Bone and Linch, disinterested witnesses, deposed to plain facts, and the doctor merely delivered a wild and improbable conjec- ture, and then swore to his own ignorance on the point in doubt, if doubt there could be — yet this jury, with their eyes to confirm what their ears heard sworn, and their ears to confirm what their eyes saw written on the mangled corpse, actually delivered the following verdict : " Deceased died after receiving certain injuries from external violence ; but whether the death was occasioned by natural causes, or by such violence, there was not sufficient evidence to show." They then relieved their consciences in the drollest way. They turned round on Bone and Linch, and reprimanded them severely for not having interfered to prevent the cruelty, which they themselves were shielding in the present and fostering in the future by as direct a lie as ever twelve honest men delivered. Suppose the bricklayer and his man had replied, "Why, look ye, gentlemen; we came into the madhouse to lay bricks, not to do justice. But you came into the madhouse to do justice. We should have lost our bread if we had interfered ; but you could have afforded to play the men — and didn't." I enclose herewith the evidence of the bricklayers, and the sworn conjectures of the doctor, in re Geoghegan ; also the evidence of the doctor, and of the comparatively clear-headed lunatic, in re Swift. About this time my researches into the abuses of pri- FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 19 vate asyla (which abuses are quite distinct from the subject in hand) brought me into contact with multifarious facts, and with a higher class of evidence than the official inquirers permit themselves to hear. They rely too much on medical attendants and other servants of an asylum, whose interest it is to veil ugly truths and sprinkle hells with rose-water. I, on the contrary, ex- amined a number of ex-patients who had never been too mad to observe, and ex-attendants, male and female, who had gone into other lines of life, and could now afford to reveal the secrets of those dark places. The ex-keepers were all agreed in this — that the keepers know how to break a patient's bones without bruising the skin ; and that the doctors have been duped again and again by them. To put it in my own words, the bent knees, big bluntish bones, and clothed, can be applied with terrible force, yet not leave their mark upon the skin of the victim. The refractory patient is thrown down and the keeper walks up and down him on his knees, and even jumps on his body, knees downwards, until he is completely cowed. Should a bone or two be broken in this process, it does not much matter to the keeper: a lunatic complaining of internal injui-y is not listened to. He is a being so full of illusions that nobody believes in any unseen injury he prates about. In these words, sir, you have the key to the death of Barnes, of Seeker, if that was the man's name ; and of other victims recorded by the commissioners, of Nistri, and of William Wilson, at Lancaster. I hope this last inquiry has not been weakly abandoned. It is a very shocking thing that both brute force and traditional cunning should be employed against persons of weak understanding, and that they should be so often massacred, so seldom avenged. Something might be done if the people in Lancashire would take the matter seriously. 20 CORRESPONDENCE ELICITED BY THE The first thing they should do is to inquire whether the keeper who killed a stunted imbecile by internal injuries in the Lancaster Asylum, May, 1863, is still in that asj'^lum. See Public Opinion, November 19, 1863. The next step is to realize and act upon the two fol- lowing maxims : — First, it is the sure sign of a fool to accept an inade- quate solution of undeniable facts. Secondly, to advance an inadequate solution of facts so indisputable as twelve broken ribs is a sign either of guilt or guilty connivance. Honest men in Lancashire should inquire who first put forward some stupid, impudent falsehood to account for the tAvelve broken ribs of Wilson. The first liar was probably the homicide, or an accomplice. Just to prove the importance I attach to this inquiry, permit me, through your columns, to offer a reward of a hundred pounds to any person or persons who will give such evidence as may lead to the conviction of the person or persons who have killed William Wilson by kneeling on him, by walking knees downwards upon him, and jumping knees downwards upon him. It is interest that closes men's mouths in these dark places. We must employ the same instrument to open them : it is our only chance. I am, sir, yours very faithfully, Charles Reade. 2 Albert Terrace, Knigiitsbridge, January 17, 1870. FIRST EDITION OF "HARD CASH." 21 NOTICE, 1863. I REQUEST all those persons in various ranks of life — who by letter or vlvd voce have during the last five years told me of sane persons incarcerated or detained in private asylums, and of other abuses — to communicate with me by letter. I also invite fresh communications: and desii-e it to be known that this great question did not begin with me in the pages of a novel, neither shall it end there ; for, where justice and humanity are both concerned, there — Sirt sans faict ^ iBieu ticplatt HAED CASH. PROLOGUE. In a snowy villa, with a sloping lawn, just outside the great commercial seaport, Barkington, there lived a few years ago a happy family. A lady, middle-aged, but still charming, two young friends of hers, and a periodical visitor. The lady was Mrs. Dodd ; her occasional visitor was her husband ; her friends were her son Edward, aged twenty, and her daughter Julia, nineteen ; the fruit of a misalliance. Mrs. Dodd was originally Miss Fountain, a young lady well born, high-bred, and a denizen of the fashionable world. Under a strange concurrence of circumstances she coolly married the captain of an East Indiaman. The deed done, and with her eyes open, for she was not, to say, in love with him, she took a judicious line; and kept it; no hankering after Mayfair, no talking about Lord "■ This " and Lady " That," to commercial gentle- women; no amphibiousness. She accepted her place in society, reserving the right to embellish it with the graces she had gathered in a higher sphere. In her home, and in her person, she was little less elegant than a countess ; yet nothing more than a merchant-captain's wife : and she reared that commander's children, in a 23 24 HARD CASH. suburban villa, with the manners which adorn a palace. When they happen to be there. She had a bugbear : Slang. Could not endure the smart technicalities cur- rent ; their multitude did not overpower her distaste ; she called them " jargon ; " " slang " was too coarse a word for her to apply to slang : she excluded many a good ''racy idiom " along with the real offenders; and monosyllables in general ran some risk of having to show their passports. If this was pedantry, it went no further; she was open, free, and youthful with her young pupils ; and had the art to put herself on their level : often, when they were quite young, she would feign infantine ignorance, in order to hunt trite truth in couples with them, and detect, by joint experiment, that rainbows cannot, or else will not, be walked into, nor Jack-o'-lantern be gathered like a cowslip ; and that, dissect we the vocal dog — whose hair is so like a lamb's — never so skilfully, no fragment of palpable bark, no sediment of tangible squeak, remains inside him to bless the inquisitive little operator, etc. When they advanced from these elementary branches to languages, history, tapestry, and " what not," she managed still to keep by their side learning with them, not just hearing them lessons down from the top of a high tower of maternity. She never checked their curiosity ; but made herself share it ; never gave them, as so many parents do, a white-lying answer : wooed their affections with subtle though innocent art ; thawed their reserve, obtained their love, and retained their respect. Briefly, a female Ches- terfield ; her husband's lover after marriage, though not before ; and the mild monitress, the elder sister, the favorite companion and bosom friend, of both her chil- dren. They were remarkably dissimilar ; and, perhaps I may be allowed to preface the narrative of their adventures HARD CASH. 25 by a delineation ; as in country churches an individual pipes the key-note, and the tune comes raging after. Edward, then, had a great calm eye, that was always looking folk full in the face, mildly ; his countenance comely and manly, but no more ; too square for Apollo; but sufficed for John Bull. His figure it was that charmed the curious observer of male beauty. He was five feet ten ; had square shoulders, a deep chest, mascu- line flank, small foot, high instep. To crown all this, a head, overflowed by ripples of dark-brown hair, sat with heroic grace upon his solid white throat, like some glossy falcon new lighted on a Parian column. This young gentleman had decided qualities, positive and negative. He could walk up to a five-barred gate, and clear it, alighting on the other side like a fallen feather ; could row all day, and then dance all night ; could fling a cricket-ball a hundred and six yards ; had a lathe and a tool-box, and would make you in a trice a chair, a table, a doll, a nutcracker, or any other mov- able, useful, or the very reverse. And could not learn his lessons, to save his life. His sister Julia was not so easy to describe. Her figure was tall, lithe, and serpentine ; her hair the color of a horse-chestnut fresh from its pod ; her ears tiny and shell-like, her eyelashes long and silky ; her mouth small when grave, large when smiling ; her eyes pure hazel by day, and tinged with a little violet by night. But in jotting down these details, true as they are, I seem to myself to be painting fire with a little snow and saffron mixed on a marble palette. There is a beauty too spirit- ual to be chained in a string of items; and Julia's fair features were but the china vessel that brimmed over with the higher loveliness of her souL Her essential charm was, what shall I say ? Transparence. You would have said her very body thought. 2Q HARD CASH. Modesty, intelligence, and, above all, enthusiasm, shone through her, and out of her, and made her an airy, fiery, household joy. Briefly, an incarnate sunbeam. This one could leavn her lessons with unreasonable rapidity, and until Edward went to Eton, would insist upon learning his into the bargain, partly with the fond notion of coaxing him on ; as the company of a swift horse incites a slow one ; partly because she was deter- mined to share his every trouble, if she could not remove it. A little choleric, and indeed downright prone to that more generous indignation which fires at the wrongs of others. When heated with emotion, or sentiment, she lowered her voice, instead of raising it like the rest of us ; she called her mother " Lady Placid," and her brother " Sir Imperturbable." And so much for out- lines. Mrs. Dodd laid aside her personal ambition with her maiden name : but she looked high for her children. Perhaps she was all the more ambitious for them, that they had no rival aspirant in Mrs. Dodd. She educated Julia herself from first to last : but with true feminine distrust of her power to mould a lordling of creation, she sent Edward to Eton, at nine. This was slackening her tortoise ; for at Eton is no female master, to coax dry knowledge into a slow head. However, he made good progress in two branches — aquatics and cricket. After Eton came the choice of a profession. His mother recognized but four ; and these her discreet ambition speedily sifted down to two. For military heroes are shot now and then, however pacific the cent- ury ; and naval ones drowned. She would never expose her Edward to this class of accidents. Glory by all means ; glory by the pail ; but safe glory, please ; or she would none of it. Remained the church and the bar : and, within these reasonable limits, she left her dear boy HARD CASH. 27 free as air; and not even hurried; there was plenty of time to choose : he must pass through the university to either. This last essential had been settled about a twelvemonth, and the very day for his going to Oxford was at hand, when one morning Mr. Edward formally cleared his throat : it was an unusual act, and drew the ladies' eyes upon him. He followed the solemnity up by delivering calmly and ponderously a connected dis- course, which astonished them by its length and purport. "Mamma, dear, let us look the thing in the face. (This was his favorite expression, as well as habit.) I have been thinking it quietly over for the last six months. Why send me to the university ? I shall be out of place there. It will cost you a lot of money, and no good. Xow, you take a fool's advice : don't you waste your money and papa's sending a dull fellow like me to Oxford. I did bad enough at Eton. Make me an engineer, or something. If you were not so fond of me, and I of you, I'd say send me to Canada, with a pickaxe ; you know I have got no head-piece." Mrs. Dodd had sat aghast, casting Edward deprecating looks at the close of each ponderous sentence, but too polite to interrupt a soul, even a son talking nonsense. She now assured him she could afford very well to send him to Oxford, and begged leave to remind him that he was too good and too sensible to run up bills there, like the young men who did not really love their parents. "Then, as for learning, why, we must be reasonable in our turn. Do the best you can, love. We know you have no great turn for the classics ; we do not expect you to take high honors like young Mr. Hardie ; besides, that might make your head ache : he has sad headaches, his sister told Julia. But, my dear, an university educa- tion is indispensable ; do but see how the signs of it follow a gentleman through life, to say nothing of the 28 HARD CASH. valuable acquaintances and lasting friendships he makes there : even those few distinguished persons who have risen in the world without it, have openly regretted the want, and have sent their children : and that says volumes to me." "Why, Edward, it is the hall-mark of a gentleman," said Julia, eagerly. Mrs. Dodd caught a flash of her daughter: "And my silver shall never be without it," said she, warmly. She added presently, in her usual placid tone, " I beg your pardon, my dears, I ought to have said my gold." With this she kissed Edward ten- derly on the brow, and drew an embrace and a little grunt of resignation from him. " Take the dear boy and show him our purchases, love ! " said Mrs. Dodd, with a little gentle accent of half reproach, scarce perceptible to a male ear. "Oh, yes;" and Julia rose and tripped to the door. There she stood a moment, half turned, with arching neck, coloring Avith innocent pleasure. " Come, darling. Oh, you good-for-nothing thing ! " The pair found a little room hard by, paved with china, crockery, glass, baths, kettles, etc. " There, sir. Look them in the face ; and us, if you pan." "Well, you know, I had no idea you had been and bought a cart-load of things for Oxford." His eye brightened ; he whipped out a two-foot rule, and began to calculate the cubic contents. " I'll turn to and make the cases, Ju." The ladies had their way ; the cases were made and despatched ; and one morning the bus came for Edward, and stopped at the gate of Albion Villa. At this sight mother and daughter both turned their heads quickly away by one independent impulse, and set a bad example. HARD CASH. 29 Apparently neither of them liad calculated on this paltry little detail ; they were game for theoretical de- partures ; to impalpable universities: and "an air-drawn bus, a bus of the mind," would not have dejected for a moment their lofty Spartan souls on glory bent; safe glory. But here was a bus of wood, and Edward going bodily away inside it. The victim kissed them, threw up his portmanteau and bag, and departed serene as Italian skies ; the victors watched the pitiless bus quite out of sight ; then went up to his bedroom, all disordered by packing, and, on the very face of it, vacant ; and sat down on his little bed intertwining and weeping. Edward was received at Exeter College, as young gen- tlemen are received at college; and nowhere else, I hope, for the credit of Christendom. They showed him a hole in the roof, and called it an "Attic;" grim pleasantry! being a puncture in the modern Athens. They inserted him ; told him what hour at the top of the morning he must be in chapel ; and left him to find out his other ills. His cases were welcomed like Christians, by the whole staircase. These undergraduates abused one another's crockery as their own : the joint stock of breakables had just dwindled very low, and Mrs. Dodd's bountiful contribution was a godsend. The new-comer soon found that his views of a learned university had been narrow. Out of place in it ? why, he could not have taken his wares to a better market ; the modern Athens, like the ancient, cultivates muscle as well as, mind. The captain of the university eleven saw a cricket-ball thrown all across the ground ; he in- stantly sent a professional bowler to find out who that Avas ; through the same ambassador the thrower was invited to play on club days ; and proving himself an infallible catch and long stop, a mighty thrower, a swift 30 HARD CASH. runner, and a steady, though not very brilliant, bat, he was, after one or two repulses, actually adopted into the ■university eleven. He communicated this ray of glory by letter to his mother and sister with genuine delight, coldly and clumsily expressed ; they replied with feigned and fluent rapture. Advancing steadily in that line of academic study, towards which his genius lay, he won a hurdle race, and sent home a little silver hurdle ; and soon after brought a pewter pot, with a Latin inscription recording the victory at "Fives" of Edward Dodd: but not too arrogantly ; for in the centre of the pot was this device, " The Lord is my illumination." The curate of Sandford, who pulled number six in the Exeter boat, left Sandford for Witney ; on this he felt he could no longer do his college justice by water, and his parish by land, nor escape the charge of pluralism, preaching at Witney and rowing at Oxford. He fluctuated, sighed, kept his Witney, and laid down his oar. Then Edward was solemnly weighed in his jersey and flannel trousers, and proving only eleven stone eight, whereas he had been ungenerously suspected of twelve stone,^ was elected to the vacant oar by acclamation. He was a picture in a boat; and oh ! well pulled, Six ! was a hearty ejaculation constantly hurled at him from the bank by many men of other colleges, and even by the more genial among the cads, as the Exeter glided at ease down the river, or shot up it in a race. He was now as much talked of in the university as any man of his college, except one. Singularly enough, that one was his townsman ; but no friend of his ; he was much Edward's senior in standing, though not in age ; and this is a barrier the junior must not step over — without direct encouragement — at Oxford. More- 1 There was at this time a prejudice against weight, which has yielded to experience. HARD CASH. 31 over, the college was a large one, and some of "the sets" very exclusive : young Hardie was Doge of a stu- dious clique, and careful to make it understood that he was a reading man who boated and cricketed to avoid the fatigue of lounging, not a boatman or cricketer who strayed into Aristotle in the intervals of perspiration. His public running since he left Harrow was as follows : the prize poem in his fourth term : the sculls in his sixth ; the Ireland scholarship in his eighth (he pulled second for it the year before) ; stroke of the Exeter in his tenth ; and reckoned sure of a first class to consummate his twofold career. To this young Apollo, crowned with variegated laurel, Edward looked up from a distance. The brilliant creat- ure never bestowed a word on him by land ; and by water only such observations as the following : " Time, Six ! " "Well pulled, Six ! " " Very well pulled, Six ! " Except, by-the-by, one race, when he swore at him like a trooper for not being quick at starting. The excite- ment of nearly being bumped by Brasenose in the first hundred yards was an excuse ; however, Hardie apolo- gized as they were dressing in the barge after the race ; but the apology was so stiff, it did not pave the way to acquaintance. Young Hardie, rising twenty-one, thought nothing human worthy of reverence but intellect. Invited to dinner, on the same d^y, with the Emperor of Russia, and Avith Voltaire, and with meek St. John, he would certainly have told the coachman to put him down at Voltaire. His quick eye detected Edward's character ; but was not attracted by it : says he, to one of his adherents, " What a good-natured spoon that Dodd is ; Phoebus, what a name ! " Edward, on the othej* hand, praised this brilliant in all his letters, and recorded his triumphs 32 HARD CASH. and such of his witty sayings as leaked through his own set, to reinvigorate mankind. This roused Julia's ire. It smouldered through three letters : but burst out when there was no letter, but Mrs. Dodd, meaning, Heaven knows, no harm, happened to say meekly, a propos of Edward t "You know, love, we cannot all be young Hardies." — " No, and thank Heaven ! " said Julia, defi- antly. "Yes, mamma," she continued, in answer to Mrs. Dodd's eyebrow, which had curved ; " your mild glance reads my soul ; I detest that boy." Mrs. Dodd smiled. "Are you sure you know what the word 'detest' means ? and what has young Mr. Hardie done, that you should bestow so violent a sentiment on him ? " "Mamma, I am Edward's sister," was the tragic reply ; then, kicking off the buskin pretty nimbly, " there ! he beats our boy at everything, and ours sits quietly down and admires him for it : oh ! how can a man let anybody or anything beat him ! I wouldn't ; without a desperate struggle." She clenched her white teeth and imagined the struggle. To be sure, she owned she had never seen this Mr. Hardie ; but, after all, it was only Jane Hardie's brother, as Edward was hers. " And would I sit down and let Jane beat me at things ? never! never ! never ! I couldn't." " Your friend to the death, dear ; was not that your expression ? " " Oh, that was a slip of the tongue, dear mamma ; I was off my guard. I generally am, by the way. But now I am on it, and propose an amendment. Now I second it. Now I carry it." " And now let me hear it." "She is my friend till death — or eclipse; and that means until she eclipses me, of course." But she added softly, and with sudden gravity, "Ah ! Jane Hardie has a fault which will always prevent her from eclipsing your humble servant iu this wicked world." HARD CASE. 33 " What is that ? " " She is too good. jNIuch." "Par exemple / " " Too religious." " Oh, that is another matter." '•'For shame, mamma! I am glad to hear it: for I scorn a life of frivolity ; but then, again, I should not like to give up everything, you- know." Mrs. Dodd looked a little staggered, too, at so vast a scheme of capitulation. But " everything " was soon explained to mean balls, concerts, dinner-parties in general, tea-parties without exposition of Scripture, races and operas, cards, charades, and whatever else amuses society without per- ceptibly sanctifying it. All these, by Julia's account, j\Iiss Hardie had renounced, and was now denouncing (with the young the latter verb treads on the very heels of the former). " And, you know, she is a district visitor." This climax delivered, Julia stopped short and awaited the result. IVIrs. Dodd heard it all with quiet disapproval and cool incredulity. She had seen so many young ladies healed of so many young enthusiasms by a wedding-ring. But, while she was searching diligently in her mine of lady- like English — mine with plenty of water in it, begging her pardon — for expressions to convey inoffensively and roundabout her conviction that Miss Hardie was a little furious simpleton, the post came and swept the subject away in a moment. Two letters ; one from Calcutta, one from Oxford. They came quietly in upon one salver, and were opened and read with pleasurable interest, but without surprise or misgiving ; and without the slightest foretaste of their grave and singular consequences. Rivers deep and broad start from such little springs. 3 34 HARD CASH. David's letter was of unusual length for him. The main topics were, first, the date and manner of his return home. His ship, a very old one, had been condemned in port : and he was to sail a tine new teak-built vessel, the Agra, as far as the Cape ; where her captain, just recovered from a severe illness, would come on board and convey her and him to England. In future, Dodd was to command one of the company's large steamers to Alexandria and back. " It is rather a come-down for a sailor, to go straight ahead like a wheelbarrow, in all weathers, with a steam-i)ot and a crew of coal-heavers. But then I shall not be parted from my sweetheart sucli long dreary spells as I have been these twenty years, my dear love : so is it for me to complain ? " The second topic was pecuniary ; the transfer of their savings from India, where interest was higher than at home, but the capital not so secure. And the third was ardent and tender expressions of affection for the wife and children he adored. These effusions of the heart had no separate place, except in my somewhat arbitrary analysis of the honest sailor's letter ; they were the under-current. Mrs. Dodd read part of it out to Julia : in fact, all but the money matter : that concerned the heads of the fam- ily more immediately ; and cash was a topic her daughter did not understand nor care about. And when Mrs. Dodd had read it with glistening eyes, she kissed it tenderly, and read it all over again to herself, and then put it into her bosom as naively as a milkmaid in love. Edward's letter was short enough, and IMrs. Dodd allowed Julia to read it to her, which she did with panting breath and glowing cheeks, and a running tire of comments. HARD CASH. 35 Dear Mamma, —I hope 3-011 and Ju are quite well-- " Ju," murmured j\Irs. Docld. plaintively. — And that there is good news about papa coming home. As for me, 1 have plenty on my hands just now : all this term 1 have been ("' training' scratched out, and another word put in: c-r — oh, I know") cramming. " Cramming, love ? " " Yes, that is the Oxfordish for studying." — For smalls. Mrs. Dodd contrived to sigh interrogatively. Julia, who understood her every accent, reminded her that "smalls" was the new word for "little go." — Cramming for smalls ; and now I am in two races at Henley, and that rather puts the snaffle on reading and goose- berry-pie (Goodness me !), and adds to my chance of being ploughed for smalls. "What does it all mean ? " inquired mamma : " 'goose- berry-pie,' and 'the snaffle,' and 'ploughed' ? " ""Well, the gooseberry-pie is really too deep for me, but ploughed is the new Oxfordish for 'plucked.' mamma ! have you forgotten that ? Plucked was vul- gar, so now they are ploughed." — For smalls ; but I hope I shall not be, to vex you and Fuss. " Heaven forbid he should be so disgraced ! But what has the cat to do with it ? " "Nothing on earth. Puss? that is me. How dare he ? Did I not forbid all these nicknames and all this Oxfordish, by proclamation, last long ? " " Last long ? " " Hem ! last protracted vacation." -— Dear mamma, sometimes I cannot help being down in the mouth (why, it is a string of pearls) to think you havo 30 HARD CASH. not got a son like Hardie. (At this unfortunate reflection it was Julia''s turn to sufi"er. She deposited the letter in her lap, and fired up. " Now, have I not a cause to hate and scorn and despise le petit Hardie ? ") "Julia!" " I mean, to dislike with propriety and gently to abominate — Mr. Hardie, junior." — Dear mamma, do come to Henley on the tenth, you and Ju. The university eights will not be there, but the head boats of the Oxford and Cambridge river will ; and the Oxford head boat is Exeter, you know ; and I pull Six. " Then I am truly sorry to hear it ; my poor boy will overtask his strength ; and how unfair of the other young gentlemen ; it seems ungenerous, unreasonable ; my poor child against so many." — And I am entered for the sculls as well, and if you and "the Impetuosity" (Vengeance!) were looking on from the bank, I do think I should be lucky this time. Henley is a long way from Barkington, but it is a pretty place ; all the ladies admire it, and like to see both the universities out and a stunning race. (Oh, well, there is an epithet. One would think thunder was going to race lightning, instead of Oxford Cambridge.) If you can come, please write, and I will get you nice lodgings ; I will not let you go to a noisy inn. Love to Julia and no end of kisses to my pretty mamma. From your afi'ectionate son, Edward Dodd. They wrote off a cordial assent, and reached Henley in time to see the dullest town in Europe ; and also to see it turn one of the gayest in an hour or two ; so impetuously came both the universities pouring into it — in all known vehicles that could go their pace — by land and water. HARD CASH. 3'/ CHAPTER I. It was a bright hot day in June. Mrs. Dodd and Julia sat half reclining, with their parasols up, in an open carriage, by the brink of the Thames at one of its loveliest bends. About a furlong up stream a silvery stone bridge, just mellowed by time, spanned the river with many fair arches. Through these the coming river peeped si:)ark- ling a long way above, then came meandering a,nd shin- ing down ; loitered cool and sombre under the dark vaults, then glistened on again crookedly to the spot where sat its two fairest visitors that day, but at that very point flung off its serpentine habits, and shot straight away in a broad stream of scintillating water a mile long, down to an island in mid-stream, — a little fairy island with old trees, and a white temple. To curl round this fairy isle the broad current parted, and both silver streams turned purple in the shade of the grove, then winded and melted from the sight. This noble and rare passage of the silvery Thames was the Henley race-course. The starting-place was down at the island, and the goal was up at a point in the river below the bridge, but above the bend where Mrs. Dodd and Julia sat, unruffled by the racing, and enjoy- ing luxuriously the glorious stream, the mellow bridge crowded with carriages, whose fair occupants stretched a broad band of bright color above the dark figures clustering on the battlements, and the green meadows opposite with the motley crowd streaming up and down. Nor was that sense, which seems especially keen and 38 HARD CASH. delicate in women, left unregaled in the general bounty of the time. The green meadows on the opposite bank, and the gardens at the back of our fair friends, flung their sweet fresh odors at their liquid benefactor gliding by ; and the sun himself seemed to burn perfumes, and the air to scatter them, over the motley, merry crowd that bright, hot, smiling, airy day in June. Thus tuned to gentle enjoyment, the fair mother and her lovely daughter leaned back in a delicious languor proper to their sex, and eyed with unflagging though demure interest, and furtive curiosity, the wealth of youth, beauty, stature, agility, gayety, and good temper, the two great universities had poured out upon those obscure banks ; all dressed in neat but easy-fitting clothes, cut in the height of the fashion, or else in jerseys white or striped, and flannel trousers, and straw hats, or cloth caps of bright and various hues, betting, strolling, laughing, chaffing, larking, and whirling stunted blud- geons at Aunt Sally. But as for the sport itself they were there to see, the centre of all these bright accessories, " the racing," my ladies did not understand it, nor try, nor care a hook- and-eye about it. But this mild dignified indifference to the main event received a shock at 2 r.M., for then the first heat for the cup came on, and Edward was in it. So then racing became all in a moment a most interest- ing pastime, — an appendage to loving. He left to join his crew. And soon after the Exeter glided down the river before their eyes, with the beloved one rowing quietly in it. His jersey revealed not only the working power of his arms, as sunburnt below the elbow as a gypsy's, and as corded above as a blacksmith's, but also the play of the great muscles across his broad and deeply indented chest. His oar entered the water smoothly, gripped it severely, then came out clean, and HARD CASH. 39 feathered clear and tunably on the ringing rowlock : the boat jumped and then glided at each neat, easy, power- ful stroke. " Oh, how beautiful and strong he is ! " cried Julia. " I had no idea." Presently the competitor for this heat came down, the Cambridge boat, rowed by a fine crew in broad-striped jerseys. "Oh, dear! " said Julia, "they are odious and strong in this boat too. I wish I was in it — with a gimlet ; he should win, poor boy." Which corkscrew staircase to honor being inaccessible, the race had to be decided by two unfeminine trifles called " speed " and " bottom." Few things in this vale of tears are more worthy a pen of fire than an English boat-race, as seen by the runners, of whom I have often been one. But this race I am bound to indicate, not describe. I mean to show how it appeared to two ladies seated on the Henley side of the Thames, nearly opposite the winning-post. These fair novices then looked all down the river, and could just discern two whitish streaks on the water, one on each side the little fairy isle, and a great black patch on the Berkshire bank. The threatening streaks were the two racing boats : the black patch was about a huudred Cambridge and Oxford men, ready to run and halloo with the boats all the way, or at least till the last puff of wind should be run plus hallooed out of their young bodies. Others less fleet and enduring, but equally clamorous, stood in knots at various distances, ripe for a shorter yell and run when the boats should come up to them. Of the natives and country visitors, those who were not nailed down by bounteous Fate ebbed and flowed up and down the bank with no settled idea, but of getting in the way as much as possible, and of getting knocked into the Thames as little as might be. 40 HARD CASH. There was a long uneasy suspense. At last a puff of smoke issued from a pistol down at the island ; two oars seemed to splash into the water from each white streak, and the black patch was moving: so were the threatening streaks. Presently was heard a faint, continuous, distant murmur, and the streaks began to get larger and larger and larger ; and the eight splash- ing oars looked four instead of two. Every head was now turned down the river. Groups hung craning over it like nodding bulrushes. Next the runners were swelled by the stragglers they picked up ; so were their voices ; and on came the splashing oars and roaring lungs. Now the colors of the racing jerseys peeped distinct. The oarsmen's heads and bodies came swinging back like one, and the oars seemed to lash the water savagely, like a connected row of swords, and the spray squirted at each vicious stroke. The boats leaped and darted side by side, and, looking at them in front, Julia could not say which was ahead. On they came nearer and nearer, with hundreds of voices vociferating, " Go it, Cam- bridge ! " " Well pulled, Oxford ! " " You are gaining, hurrah!" ''Well pulled. Trinity!" "Hurrah!" "Ox- ford ! " " Cambridge ! " " Now is your time, Hardie ; pick her up ! " " Oh, well pulled. Six ! " " Well pulled, Stroke ! " " Up, up ! lift her a bit ! " " Cambridge ! " " Oxford ! " " Hurrah ! " At this Julia turned red and pale by turns. " mamma!" said she, clasping her hands and coloring high, " would it be very wrong if I was to prai/ for Oxford to win ? " Mrs. Dodd had a monitory finger ; it was on her left hand : she raised it, and that moment, as if she had given a signal, the boats, foreshortened no longer, shot 'out to treble the length they had looked hitherto, and HARD CASH. 41 came broadside past our palpitating fair, the elastic row- ers stretched like greyhounds in a chase, darting forward at each stroke so boldly they seemed flying out of the boats, and surging back as superbly, an eightfold human wave : their nostrils all open, the lips of some pale and glutinous, their white teeth all clenched grimly, their young eyes all glowing, their supple bodies swelling, the muscles writhing beneath their jerseys, and the sinews starting on each bare brown arm ; their little shrill cox- swains shouting imperiously at the young giants, and working to and fro with them, like jockeys at a finish ; nine souls and bodies fllung whole into each magnificent effort ; water foaming and flying, rowlocks ringing, crowd running, tumbling, and howling like mad ; and Cambridge a boat's nose ahead. They had scarcely passed our two spectators, when Oxford put on a furious spurt, and got fully even with the leading boat. There was a louder roar than ever from the banl^. Cambridge spurted desperately in turn, and stole those few feet back ; and so they went fighting every inch of water. Bang ! A cannon on the bank sent its smoke over both competitors : it dispersed in a moment, and the boats were seen pulling slowly towards the bridge, Cambridge with four oars, Oxford with six, as if that gun had winged them both. The race was over. But who had won, our party could not see, and must wait to learn. A youth, adorned with a blue and yellow rosette, cried out, in the hearing of Mrs. Dodd, " I say, they are prop- erly pumped, both crews are ; " then, jumping on to a spoke of her carriage-wheel, with a slight apology, he announced that two or three were shut up in the Exeter. The exact meaning of these two verbs passive was not clear to Mrs. Dodd, but their intensity was : she flut 42 HARD CASH. tered, and wanted to go to her boy and nurse him, and turned two most imploring eyes on Julia, and Julia straightway kissed her with gentle vehemence, and offered to run and see. " What, amongst all those young gentlemen, love ? I fear that would not be proper. See, all the ladies remain apart." So they kept quiet and miserable, after the manner of females. Meantime the Cantab's quick eye had not deceived him ; in each racing-boat were two young gentlemen leaning collapsed over their oars ; and two more, who were in a cloud, and not at all clear whether they were in this world still, or in their zeal had pulled into a bet- ter. But their malady was not a rare one in racing boats, and the remedy always at hand ; it combined the rival systems: Thames was sprinkled in their faces, — Homoeopathy ; and brandy in a teaspoon trickled down their throats, — Allopathy. Youth and spirits soon did the rest ; and, the moment their eyes opened, their mouths opened, and, the moment their mouths opened, they fell a-chaffing. Mrs. Dodd's anxiety and Julia's were relieved by the appearance of Mr. Edward, in a tweed shooting-jacket, sauntering down to them, hands in his pockets, and a cigar in his mouth, placidly unconscious of their solici- tude on his account. He was received with a little guttural cry of delight. The misery they had been in about him was duly concealed from him by both, and Julia asked him warmly who had won. " Oh, Cambridge." " Cambridge ! Why, then you are beaten ? " "Rather." (Puff.) "And you can come here with that horrible calm, and cigar, owning defeat, and puffing tranquillity, Avith the same mouth. Mamma, we are beaten. Beaten, actually." HARD CASH. 43 ''Never mind," said Edward kindly, "you have seen a capital race, the closest ever known on this river, and one side or other must lose." " And if they did not quite win, they very nearly did," observed Mrs. Dodd composedly ; then, with heart- felt content, '•' He is not hurt, and that is the main thing." "Well, my Lady Placid and Mr. Imperturbable, I am glad neither of your equanimities is disturbed ; but defeat is a bitter pill to me." Julia said this in her earnest voice, and, drawing her scarf suddenly round her, so as almost to make it speak, digested her bitter pill in silence, during which process several Exeter men caught sight of Edward, and came round him, and an animated discussion took place. They began with asking him how it had happened, and, as he never spoke in a hurry, supplied him with the answers. A stretcher had broken in the Exeter. No, but the Cambridge was a much better built boat, and her bottom cleaner. The bow oar of the Exeter was ill, and not tit for work. Each of these solutions was advanced, and combated in turn, and then all together. At last the Babel lulled, and Edward was once more appealed to. " Well, I will tell you the real truth," said he, " how it happened." (Puff.) There was a pause of expectation, for the young man's tone was that of conviction, knowledge, and authority. "The Cambridge men pulled faster than we did." (Puff.) The hearers stared and then laughed. " Come, old fellows," said Edward, " never win a boat- race on dry land ! That is such a jAain thing to do: gives the other side the laugh as well as the race. I have heard a stretcher or two told, but I saw none broken. (Puff.) Their boat is the worst I ever saw : it dips every stroke. (Puff.) Their strength lies in the 44 HARD CASH. crew. It was a good race and a fair one. Cambridge got a lead and kept it. (Puff.) They beat us a yard or two at rowing ; but, hang it all ! don't let them beat us at telling the truth, not by an inch." (Puff.) "All right, old fellow!" was now the cry. One ob- served, however, that Stroke did not take the matter so coolly as Six, for he had shed a tear getting out of the boat. " Shed a fiddlestick I " squeaked a little sceptic. "No," said another, "he didn't quite shed it; his pride wouldn't let him." " So he decanted it, and put it by for supper," sug- gested Edward, and puffed. " None of your chaff. Six. He had a gulp or two, and swallowed the rest by main force." "Don't you talk; you can swallow anything, it seems." (Puff.) " Well, I believe it," said one of Hardie's own set. " Dodd doesn't know him as we do. Taff Hardie can't bear to be beat." When they were gone, Mrs. Dodd observed, "Dear me ! what if the young gentleman did cry a little, it was very excusable ; after such great exertions it was disappointing, mortifying. I pity him for one, and wish he had his mother alive and here, to dry them." ^ "Mamma, it is you for reading us," cried Edward, slapping his thigh. "Well, then, since you can feel for a fellow, Hardie xvas a good deal cut up. You know the university was in a manner beaten, and he took the blame. He never cried; that was a cracker of those fellows. But he did give one great sob, that was all, and hung his head on one side a moment. But then he fought out of it, directly, like a man, and there was an end of it, or ought to have been. Hang chatterboxes 1" • Ob where, and oh where, was her Lindley Murray gone ? HARD CASH. 45 " And what did you say to console him, Edward ? " inquired Julia, warmly. "What, me? Console my senior and my stroke ? No, thank you." At tliis thunderbolt of etiquette both ladies kept their countenances — this was their muscular feat that day — and the racing for the sculls came on : six competitors — two Cambridge, three Oxford, one London. The three heats furnished but one gootl race, a sharp contest between a Cambridge man and Hardie, ending in favor of the latter ; the Londoner walked away from his oppo- nent. Sir Imperturbable's competitor was impetuous, and ran into him in the first hundred yards, Sir I. con- senting calmly. The umpire, appealed to on the spot, decided that it was a foul, Mr. Dodd being in his own water. He walked over ^h. course, and explained the matter to his sister, who delivered her mind thus : — " Oh ! if races are to be won by going slower than the other, Ave may shine yet : only, I call it cheating, not racing." He smiled unmoved ; she gave her scarf the irony twist, and they all went to dinner. The business recom- menced with a race between a London boat and the winner of yesterday's heat, Cambridge. Here the truth of Edward's remark appeared. The Cambridge boat was too light for the men, and kept burying her nose ; the London craft, under a heavy crew, floated like a cork. The Londoners soon found out their advantage, and, overrating it, steered into their opponents' water pre- maturely, in spite of a warning voice from the bank. Cambridge saw, and cracked on for a foul ; and for about a minute it was anybody's race. But the Londoners pulled gallantly, and just scraped clear ahead. This peril escaped, they kept their backs straight, and a clear lead to the finish. Cambridge followed a few feet in 46 HARD CASH. their wake, pulling wonderfully fast to the end, but a trifle out of form, and much distressed. At this both universities looked blue, their humble aspiration being, first, to beat off all the external world, and then tackle each other for the prize. Just before Edward left his friends for "the sculls," the final heat, a note was brought to him. He ran his eye over it, and threw it open into his sister's lap. The ladies read it. Its writer had won a j)rize poem, and so now is our time to get a hint for composition : — Dear Sik, — Oxford must win something. Suppose we go in for these sculls. You are a hoi'se that can sta}^; Silcock is hot for the lead at starting, I hear • su I mean to work him out of wind ; then you can wait on us, and pick u the race. My head is not well enough to-day to win, but I am good to pump the cockney ; he is quick, but a little stale. Yours truly, Alfred Hardie. Mrs. Dodd remarked that the language was sadly figurative ; but she hoped Edward might be successful, in spite of his correspondent's style. Julia said she did not dare hope it. " The race is not always to the slowest and the dearest." This was in allusion to yesterday's " foul." The skiffs started down at the island ; and, as they were longer coming up than the eight-oars, she was in a fever for nearly ten minutes ; at last, near the opposite bank, up came the two leading skiffs struggling, both men visibly exhausted ; Silcock ahead, but his rudder overlapped by Hardie's bow ; each in his own water. "We are third," sighed Julia, and turned her head away from the river, sorrowfully ; but only for a moment, for she felt Mrs. Dodd start and press her arm ; and lo! Edward's skiff was shooting swiftly across from their side of the river. He was pulling just within him- HARD CASH. 47 self, in beautiful form, and with far more elasticity than the other two had got left. As he passed his mother and sister, his eyes seemed to strike tire, and he laid out all his powers, and went at the leading skiffs hand over head. There was a yell of astonisliment and delight from both sides of the Thames. He passed Hardie, who upon that relaxed hi" speed. In tliirty seconds more he was even with Silcock; then came a keen struggle: but the new-comer was ''the horse that could stay ; " he drew steadily ahead, and the stern of his boat was in a line with Silcock's person, when the gun fired, and a fearful roar from the bridge, the river, and the banks, announced that the favorite university had picked up the sculls in the person of Dodd of Exeter. In due course he brought the little silver sculls, and pinned them on his mother. While she and Julia were telling him how proud they were, and how happy they should be, but for their fears that he would hurt himself, beating gentlemen ever so much older than himself, came two Exeter men with wild looks hunting for him. " Dodd ! Hardie wants you directly." " Don't you go, Edward," whispered Julia ; " why should you be at Mr. Hardie's beck and call ? I never heard of such a thing. That youth will make me hate him." " Oh, I think I had better just go and see what it is about," replied Edward ; " I shall be back directly." And on this understanding he Avent off with the men. Half an hour passed ; an hour ; two hours ; and he did not return. Mrs. Dodd and Julia sat wondering what had become of him, and were looking all around, and getting uneasy, when at last they did hear something about him, but indirectly, and from an unexpected quar- ter. A tall young man in a jersey and flannel trousers, 48 HARD CASH. and a little straw hat, with a purple rosette, came away from the bustle to the more secluded part where they sat, and made eagerly for the Thames, as if he was a duck, and going in. But at the brink he flung himself into a sitting posture, and dipped his white handkerchief into the stream, then tied it viciously round his brow, doubled himself up, with his head in his hands, and rocked himself like an old woman — minus the patience, of course. Mrs. Dodd and Julia, sitting but a few paces behind him, interchanged a look of intelligence. The young gentleman was a stranger; but they had recognized a faithful old acquaintance at the bottom of his panto- mime. They discovered, too, that the afflicted one was a personage : for he had not sat tliere long when quite a little band of men came after him. Observing his semi- circularity and general condition, they hesitated a moment, and then one of them remonstrated eagerly. " For Heaven's sake, come back to the boat ! there is a crowd of all the colleges come round us ; and they all say Oxford is being sold; we had a chance for the four- oared race, and you are throwing it away." " What do I care what they all say ? '' was the answer, delivered with a kind of plaintive snarl. " But we care." " Care then ! I pity you." And he turned his back fiercely on them, and then groaned by way of half apology. Another tried him: "Come, give us a civil answer, please." "People that intrude upon a man's privacy, racked with pain, have no right to demand civility," replied the sufferer, more gently, but sullenly enough. " Do you call this privacy ? " " It was, a minute ago. Do you think I left tlie boat, and came here among the natives, for company ? and noise ? With my head splitting." HARD CASH. 49 Here Julia gave Mrs. Dodd a soft pinch, to which Mrs. Dodd replied by a smile. And so they settled who this petulant young invalid must be. "There, it is no use," observed one, sntto voce, "the bloke really has awful headaches, like a girl, and then he always shuts up this way. You will only rile him, and get the rough side of his tongue." Here, then, the conference drew towards a close. But a Wadham man, who was one of the ambassadors, inter- posed. " Stop a minute," said he. "Mr. Hardie, I have not the honor to be acquainted with you, and I am not here to annoy you, nor to be affronted by you. But the university has a ^take in this race, and the university expostulates through us : through me, if you like." " Who have I the honor ? " inquired Hardie, assuming politeness sudden and vast. " Badham, of Wadham." "Badham o' Wadham ? Hear that, ye tuneful nine! Well, Badham o' Wadham, you are no acquaintance of mine ; so you may possibly not be a fool. Let us assume by way of hypothesis that you are a man of sense, a man of reason as well as of rhyme. Then follow my logic. Hardie of Exeter is a good man in a boat when he has not got a headache. "When he has got a headache, Hardie of Exeter is not worth a straw in a boat. "Hardie of Exeter has a headache now. "JS'/-yo, the university would put the said Hardie into a race, headache and all, and reduce defeat to a certainty. "And, eryo, on the same premises, I, not being an egotist, nor an ass, have taken Hardie of Exeter and his headache out of the boat, as I should have done any other cripple. " Secondly, I have put the best man on the river into this cripple's place. 4 50 HARD CASH. " Total, I have given the university the benefit of my brains ; and the university, not having brains enough to see what it gains by the exchange, turns again and rends rae, like an animal frequently mentioned in Scripture ; but, nota bene, never once with approbation." And the afflicted rhetorician attempted a diabolical grin, but failed signally, and groaned instead, " Is this your answer to the university, sir ? " At this query, delivered in a somewhat threatening ■ tone, the invalid sat up all in a moment, like a poked lion. " Oh, if Badham o' Wadliam thinks to crush me auctoritate sua et tot'ius universltatis, Badham o' AVadham may just tell the whole university to go and be d — tl, from the chancellor down to the junior cook at Skim- mery Hall, with my compliments." " Ill-conditioned brute ! " muttered Badham of Wad- ham. " Serve you right if the university were to chuck you into the Thames." And with this comment they left him to his ill-temper. One remained; sat quietly down a little way off ; struck a sweetly aromatic lucifer ; and blew a noisome cloud, but the only one which betokens calm. As for Hardie, he held his aching head over his knees, absorbed in pain, and quite unconscious that sacred pity was poisoning the air beside him, and two pair of dove- like eyes resting on him with womanly concern. Mrs. Dodd and Julia had heard the greatest part of this colloquy. They had terribly quick ears, and noth- ing better to do with them just then. Indeed, their interest was excited. Julia went so far as to put her salts into Mrs. Dodd's hand with a little earnest look. But IVtrs. Dodd did not act upon the hint ; she had learned who the young man was ; had his very name been strange to her, she would have been more at her ease with him. Moreover, his HARD CASH. 51 rudeness to the other men repelled her a little ; above all, he had uttered a monosyllable, and a stinger; a thorn of speech not in her vocabulary, nor even in society's. Those might be his manners, even Avhen not aching. Still, it seems a feather would have turned the scale in his favor: for she whispered, "I have a great mind ; if I could but catch his eye." While feminine pity and social reserve were holding the balance so nicely, and nonsensically, about half a split straw, one of the racing four-oars went down close under the Berkshire bank. " London ! " observed Hardie's adherent. " What, are you there, old fellow ? " murmured Har- die, in a faint voice. " 'Now, that is like a friend, a real friend, to sit by me, and not make a row. Thank you ! thank you ! " Presently the Cambridge four-oar passed : it was speedily followed by the Oxford ; the last came down in mid-stream, and Hardie eyed it keenly as it passed. " There," he cried, " was I wrong ? There is a swing for you : there is a stroke. I did not know what a treas- ure I had got sitting behind me." The ladies looked, and lo ! the lauded stroke of the four-oar was their Edward. " Sing out, and tell him it is not like the sculls. He must fight for the lead, at starting, and hold it with his eyelids when he has got it." The adherent bawled this at Edward, and Edward's reply came ringing back in a clear, cheerful voice, " We mean to try all we know." " What is the odds ? " inquired the invalid faintly. "Even on London; two to one against Cambridge; three to one against us." " Take all my tin, and lay it on," sighed the sufferer. " Fork it out, then. Llallo ! eighteen pounds ? Fancy 62 HARD CASH. having eighteen pounds at the end of term ; I'll get the odds up at the bridge directly. Here's a lady offering you her smelling-bottle." Hardie rose and turned round, and sure enough there were two ladies seated in their carriage at some distance : one of whom was holding him out three pretty little things enough, — a little smile, a little blush, and a little cut-glass bottle with a gold cork. The last panegyric on Edward had turned the scale. Hardie went slowly up to the side of the carriage, and took off his hat to them with a half-bewildered air. Now that he was so near, his face showed very pale : the more so that his neck was a good deal tanned ; his eye- lids were rather swollen, and his young eyes troubled and almost filmy with the pain. The ladies saw, and their gentle bosoms were touched ; they had heard of him as a victorious young Apollo trampling on all diffi- culties of mind and body ; and they saw him wan, and worn, with feminine suffering: the contrast made him doubly interesting. Arrived at the side of the carriage, he almost started at Julia's beauty. It was sun-like, and so were her two lovely earnest eyes, beaming soft pity on him with an eloquence he had never seen in human eyes before ; for Julia's were mirrors of herself: they did nothing by halves. He looked at her and her mother, and blushed, and stood irresolute awaiting their commands. This sudden contrast to his petulance with his own sex paved the way. *' You have a sad headache, sir," said Mrs. Dodd ; " oblige me by trying my salts." He thanked her in a low voice. "And, mamma," inquired Julia, "ought he to sit in the sun ? " " Certainly not. You had better sit there, sir, and profit by our shade and our parasols." ■ ... -'M^v TOOK OFF HIS HAT TO THEM. HARD CASH. 53 '' Yes, mamma, but you know the real place where he ought to be is bed." " Oh, pray don't say that," implored the patient. But Julia continued, with unabated severit}', — "And that is where he v/ould go this minute, if I was his mamma." "Instead of his junior, and a stranger," said Mrs. Dodd, somewhat coldly, dwelling with a very slight monitory emphasis on the " stranger." Julia said nothing, but drew in perceptibly, and was dead silent ever after. " madam ! " said Hardie eagerly, " I do not dispute her authorit}', nor yours. You have a right to send me where you please, after your kindness in noticing my infernal head, and doing me the honor to speak to me, and lending me this. But if I go to bed, my head will be my master. Besides, I shall throw away what little chance I have of making your acquaintance ; and the race just coming off !" "We will not usurp authority, sir," said Mrs. Dodd quietly ; " but we know what a severe headache is, and should be glad to see you sit still in the shade, and excite yourself as little as possible." " Yes, madam," said the youth humbly, and sat down like a lamb. He glanced now and then at the island, and now and then peered up at the radiant young mute beside him. The silence continued till it was broken by — a fish out of "water. An undergraduate in spectacles came mooning along, all out of his element. It was Mr. Kennet, who used to rise at four every morning to his Plato, and walk up Shotover Hill every afternoon, wet or dry, to cool his eyes for his evening work. With what view he deviated to Henley has not yet been ascer- tained ; he was blind as a bat, and did not care a button 54 HARD CASH. about any earthly boat-race, except the one in the ^Eneid, even if he couhl have seen one. However, nearly all the men of his college went to Henley, and perhaps some branch, hitherto unexplored, of animal magnetism drew him after. At any rate, there was his body ; and his mind at Oxford and Athens, and other venerable but irrelevant cities. He brightened at sight of his doge, and asked him warmly if he had heard the news. " No ; what ? Nothing Avrong, I hope ? " " Why, two of our men are ploughed, that is all," said Kennet, affecting with Avithering irony to undervalue his intelligence. " Confound it, Kennet, how you frightened me ! I was afraid there was some screw loose with the crew." At this very instant the smoke of the pistol was seen to puff out from the island, and Hardie rose to his feet. " They are off ! " cried he to the ladies, and after first putting his palms together with a hypocritical look of apology, he laid one hand on an old barge that was drawn up ashore, and sprang like a mountain goat on to the bow, lighting on the very gunwale. The position was not tenable an instant, but he extended one foot very nimbly and boldty, and planted it on the other gun- wale ; and there he was in a moment, headache and all, in an attitude as large and inspired as the boldest gest- ure antiquity has committed to marble : he had even the advantage in stature over most of the sculptured forms of Greece. But a double opera-glass at his eye " spoiled the lot," as Mr. Punch says. I am not to repeat the particulars of a distant race coming nearer and nearer. The main features are always the same, only this time it was more exciting to our fair friends, on account of Edward's high stake in it. And then their grateful though refractory patient, an au- thority in their eyes, indeed all but a river-god, stood HARD CASH. 65 poised in air, and in excited whispers interpreted each distant and unintelligible feature down to them : — " Cambridge was off quickest. " But not much. " Anybody's race at present, madam. " If this lasts long, we may win. None of them can stay like us. " Come, the favorite is not so very dangerous. " Cambridge looks best. " I wouldn't change with either, so far. " Kow, in forty seconds more, I shall be able to pick out the winner." Julia went up this ladder of thrills to a high state of excitement ; and, indeed, they were all so tuned to racing pitch, that some metal nerve or other seemed to jar inside all three, when the piercing, grating voice of Kennet broke in suddenly with, — " How do you construe ynaTQifiaoyo; ? " The wretch had burrowed in the intellectual ruins of Greece the moment the pistol went off, and college chat ceased. Hardie raised his opera-glass, and his first im- pulse was to brain the judicious Kennet, gazing up to him for an answer, with spectacles goggling like super- natural eyes of dead sophists in the san. " How do you construe ' Hoc age,' you incongruous dog ? Hold your tongue, and mind the race. "There, I thought so. Where's your three to one, now ? The cockneys are out of this event, any way. Go on, universities, and order their suppers ! " "But which is first, sir?" asked Julia, imploringly. " Oh, which is first of all ? " " Neither. Never mind, it looks well. London is pumped ; and if Cambridge can't lead hira before this turn in the river, the race will be ours. Now, look out! By Jove, we are ahead / " 66 HARD CASH. The leading boats came on, Oxford pulling a long, lofty, sturdy stroke, that seemed as if it never could compete with the quick action of its competitor. Yet it was undeniably ahead, and gaining at every swing. Young Hardie writhed on his perch. He screeched at them across the Thames, "Well pulled, Stroke ! Well pulled all ! Splendidly pulled, Dodd ! You are walking away from them altogether. Hurrah ! Oxford forever, hurrah ! " The gun went off over the heads of the Oxford crew in advance, and even Mrs. Dodd and Julia could see the race was theirs. *' We have Avon at last," cried Julia, all on fire, " and fairly ; only think of that ! " Hardie turned round, grateful to beauty for siding with his university. "Yes, and tke fools may thank me, or rather my man Dodd. Dodd forever ! Hurrah ! " At this climax even Mrs. Dodd took a gentle share in the youthful enthusiasm that was boiling around her, and her soft eyes sparkled, and she returned the fervid pressure of her daughter's hand ; and both their faces were flushed with gratified pride and affection. " Dodd ! " broke in " the incongruous dog," with a voice just like a saw's ; " Dodd ? Ah, that's the man who is just ploughed for smalls." Ice has its thunderbolts. HARD CASH. 67 CHAPTER II. WixNixG boat-races was all very fine ; but a hundred such victories could not compensate ^[r. Kennet's female hearers for one such defeat as he had announced, — a defeat that, to their minds, carried disgrace. Their Edward plucked ! At first they were benumbed, and sat chilled, with red cheeks, bewildered between present trium})h and mortification at hand. Then the color ebbed out of their faces, and they encouraged each other feebly in whispers, " Might it not be a mistake ? " But unconscious Kennet robbed them of this timid hope. He was now in his element, knew all about it, rushed into details, and sawed away all doubt from their minds. The sum was this. Dodd's general performance was mediocre, but passable : he was plucked for his logic. Hardie said he was very sorry for it. "What does it matter ?" answered Kennet; "he is a boating man." " AVell, and I am a boating man. Why, you told me yourself, the other day, poor Dodd was anxious about it on account of his friends. And, by-the-by, that reminds me, they say he has got two pretty sisters here." Says Kennet briskly, "I'll go and tell him; I know him just to speak to." " What, doesn't he know ? " " How can he know ? " said Kennet jealously ; " the testamurs were only just out as I came away." And with this he started on his congenial errand. Hardie took two or three of his long strides, and fairly collared him. " You will do nothing of the kind." 58 HARD CASH. " What, not tell a man when he's ploughed ? That is a good joke." "No; there's time enough. Tell him after chapel to-morrow, or m chapel, if you must: but why poison his triumphal cup ? And his sisters, too, why spoil their pleasure ? Hang it all, not a word about ' ploughing ' to any living soul to-day ! " To his surprise, Rennet's face expressed no sympathy, nor even bare assent. At this Hardie lost patience, and burst out impetiK)usly, "Take care how you refuse me; take care how you thwart me in this. He is the best- natured fellow in college. It doesn't matter to you, and it does to him ; and if you do, then take my name off the list of your acquaintance, for I'll never speak a word to you again in this world ; no, not on my death-bed, by Heaven ! " The threat was extravagant; but youth's glowing cheek and eye, and imperious lip, and simple generosity, made it almost beautifi;!. Rennet whined, " Oh ! if you talk like that, there is an end to fair argument." "End it, then ; and promise me, upon your honor." '•'Why not? What bosh! There, I promise. Now, how do you construe xii//t»'07?o(crr?/c ?" The incongruous dog (" I thank thee, Taff, for teaching me that word ") put this query with the severity of an inquisitor bringing back a garrulous prisoner to the point. Hardie replied gayly, "Any way you like, now you are a good fellow again." "Come, that is evasive. My tutor says it cannot be rendered by any one English word ; no more can "Why, what on earth can he know about English? ynaTQift(t()yo; is a Cormorant; xv/uivon()taTj]Q is a Skinflint; and your tutor is a Duffer. Hush! Reep dark, now! HAKD CASH. 69 here he comes." And he went hastily to meet Edward Dodd, and by that means intercepted him on his way to the carriage. "Give me j'our hand, Dodd," he cried; "you have saved the university. You must be stroke of the eight-oar after me. Let me see more of you than I have, old fellow." "With all my heart," replied Edward, calmly, but taking the offered hand cordially, though he rather wanted to get away to his mother and sister. " We will pull together, and read together into the bargain," con- tinued Hardie. "Read together ? You and I ? What do you mean ? " "Well, you see, I am pretty well up in the higher books; what I have got to rub up is my divinity and my logic, especially my logic. Will you grind logic with me ? Say 'Yes,' for I know you will keep your word." " It is too good an offer to refuse, Hardie ; but now I look at you, 3'ou are excited, wonderfully excited, with the race, eh ? Now, just — you — wait — quietly — till next week, and then if you are so soft as to ask me in cool blood " — "Wait a week?" cried the impetuous youth. "Xo, not a minute. It is settled. There, we cram logic together next term." And he shook Edward's hand again with glistening eyes and an emotion that was quite unintelligible to Edward ; but not to the quick, sensitive spirits, who sat but fifteen yards off. "You really must excuse me just now," said Edward, and ran to the carriage, and pvit out both hands to the fair occupants. They kissed him eagerly, with little tender sighs ; and it cost them no slight effort not to cry publicly over " the beloved," " the victorious," " the ploughed." Young Hardie stood petrified. What ? these ladies 60 HARD CASH. Dodd's sisters ! Why, one of them had called the otlier mamma. Good Heavens ! all his talk in their hearing had been of Dodd; and Kennet and he between them had let out the very thing he wanted to conceal, espe- ciall}'- from Dodd's relations. He gazed at them, and turned hot to the very forehead. Then, not knowing what to do or say, and being, after all, but a clever boy, not a cool "never unready " man of the world, he slipped away, blushing. Kennet followed, goggling. Left to herself, Mrs. Dodd Avould have broken the bad news to Edward at once, and taken the line of consoling him under her own vexation : it would not have been the first time that she had played that card. But young Mr. Hardie had said it would be unkind to poison Edward's day, and it is sweet woman's nature to follow suit ; so she and Julia put bright faces on, and Edward passed a right jocund afternoon with them ; he was not allowed to surprise one of the looks they interchanged to relieve their secret mortification. But, after dinner, as the time drew near for him to go back to Oxford, INfrs. Dodd became silent and a little distraite ; and at last drew her chair away to a small table, and wrote a letter. In directing it she turned it purposely, so that Julia could catch the address : " Edward Dodd, Esq., Exeter Collcfje, Oxford^ Julia was naturally startled at first, and her eye roved almost comically to and fro the letter and its destination seated calm and unconscious of woman's beneficent wiles. But her heart soon divined the mystery ; it was to reach him the first thing in the morning, and spare him the pain of writing the news to them ; and, doubtless, so Avorded as not to leave him a day in doubt of their for- giveness and sympath}-. Julia took the missive, unobserved by the destination, and glided out of the room to get it quietly posted. HARD CASH. 61 The servant girl was waiting on the second-floor lodgers, and told her so, with a significant addition ; viz., that the post was in this street, and only a few doors off. Julia was a little surprised at her coolness, but took the hint with perfect good temper, and just put on her shawl and bonnet, and went with it herself. The post-office was not quite so near as represented ; but she was soon there, for she was eager till she had posted it ; but she came back slowly and thoughtfully ; here in the street, lighted only by the moon, and an occasional gas-light, there was no need of self-restraint, and soon her mortification be- trayed itself in her speaking countenance. And to think that her mother, on whom she doted, should have to write to her son, there present, and post the letter ! This made her eyes fill, and before she reached the door of the lodg- ing, they were brimming over. As she put her foot on the step, a timid voice addressed her in a low tone of supplication. "May I venture to speak one word to you, Miss Dodd ? one single word? " She looked up surprised ; and it was young Mr. Hardie. His tall figure was bending towards her submissively, and his face, as well as his utterance, betrayed consider- able agitation. And what led to so unusual a renco7itre between a young gentleman and lady who had never been intro- duced ? " The tender passion," says a reader of many novels. Why, yes ; the tenderest in all our nature, — Wounded vanity. Naturally proud and sensitive, and inflated by success and flattery, Alfred Hardie had been torturing himself ever since he fled Edward's female relations. He was mortified to the core. He confounded "the fools" (his favorite synonym for his acquaintance) for going and calling Dodd's mother an elder sister, and so not giving 63 HARD CASH. him a chance to divine her. And then that he, who prided himself on his discrimination, should take them for ladies of rank, or, at all events, of the highest fashion; and, climax of humiliation, that so great a man as he should go and seem to court them by praising Dodd of Exeter, by enlarging upon Dodd of Exetei*, by offering to grind logic with Dodd of Exeter. Who would believe that this was a coincidence, a mere coincidence ? They could not be expected to believe it; female vanity would not let them. He tingled, and was not far from hating the whole family ; so bitter a thing is that which I have ventured to dub "the tenderest passion." He itched to soothe his irritation by explaining to Edward. Dodd was a frank, good-hearted fellow ; he would listen to facts, and convince the ladies in turn. Hardie learned where Dodd's party lodged, and waited about the door to catch him alone. Dodd must be in college b}^ twelve, and would leave Henley before ten. He waited till he was tired of waiting; but at last the door opened. He stepped forward, and out tripped Miss Dodd. ''Confound it ! " muttered Hardie, and drew back. However, he stood and admired her graceful figure and action, her ladylike speed without bustling. Had she come back at the same pace, he would never have ventured to stop her: on such a thread do things hang; but she returned very slowlv hanging her head. Her look at him and his headache recurred to him, a look brimful of goodness. She would do as well as Edward, better perhaps. He yielded to impulse, and addressed her, but with all the trepidation of a youth defying the giant etiquette for the first time in his life. Julia was a little surprised and fluttered, but did not betray it. She had been taught self-command by example, if not by precept. "Certainly, Mr. Hardie," said she, with a modest com- HARD CASH. 63 posure a young coquette might have envied under the circumstances. Hardie had now only to explain himself; but instead of that, he stood looking at her with silent concern. The fair face she raised to him was wet with tears ; so were her eyeSj and even the glorious eyelashes were fringed with that tender spray ; and it glistened in the moonlight. This sad and pretty sight drove the vain but generous youth's calamity clean out of his head. " Why, you are crj^ng ! Miss Dodd, what is the matter ? I hope noth- ing has happened." Julia turned her head away a little fretfully, with a "No, no." But soon her natural candor and simplicity prevailed : a simplicity not without dignity. She turned round to him, and looked him in the face. "Why should I deny it to you, sir, who have been good enough to sym- pathize with us ? We are mortified, sadly mortified, at dear Edward's disgrace ; and it has cost us a struggle not to disobey you, and j-joiso^i his trhimplial cup with sad looks. And mamma had to write to him, and console him against to-morrow ; but I hope he will not feel it so severely as she does ; and I have just posted it myself, and, when I thought of our dear mamma being driven to such expedi- ents, I — oh ! " And the pure young heart, having opened itself by words, must flow a little more. " Oh ! pray, don't cry," said 3'oung Hardie, tenderly ; "don't take such a trifle to heart so. You crying makes me feel guilty for letting it happen. It shall never occur again. If I had only known, it should never have hap- pened at all." "Once is enough," sighed Julia. " Indeed you take it too much to heart ; it is only out of Oxford a plough is thought much of, especially a single one, that is so very common. You see, Miss Dodd, an university examination consists of several items; neglect 64 HARD CASH. but one, and Crichton liimself would be ploughed ; because brilliancy in your other papers is not allowed to count ; that is how the most distinguished man of our day got ploughed for smalls. I had a narrow escape, I know, for one. But, Miss Dodd, if you knew how far your brother's performance on the river outweighs a mere slip in the schools in all univ^ersity men's eyes, the dons' and all, you would not make this bright day end sadly to Oxford by crying. Why, I could find you a thousand men who would be ploughed to-morrow with glory and delight to win one such race as your brother has won two." Julia sighed again. But it sounded now half like a sigh of relief; the final sigh, with which the fair consent to be consoled. And, indeed, this improvement in the music did not escape Hardie ; he felt he was on the right tack. He enumerated fluently, and by name, many good men, besides Dean Swift, who had been ploughed, yet had cultivated the field of letters in their turn ; and, in short, he was so earnest and plausible, that something like a smile hovered about his hearer's lips, and she glanced askant at him with furtive gratitude from under her silky lashes. But it soon recurred to her that this was rather a long interview to accord to " a stranger," and under the moon ; so she said a little stiffly, " And was this what you were good enough to wish to say to me, Mr. Hardie ? " "No, Miss Dodd, to be frank, it was not. My motive in addressing you, without the right to take such a free- dom, was egotistical. I came here to clear myself. I — I was afraid you must think me a humbug, you knoAV." "I do not understand you, indeed." "Well, I feared you and Mrs. Dodd might think 1 praised Dodd so, and did what little I did for him, know- ing who you were, and wishing to curry favor with you HARD CASH. Go by all that ; and that is so underhand and paltry a Avay of going to work, I should despise myself." "O Mr. Hardie!" said the young lady, smiling, ''how- foolish ! Why, of course we knew you had no idea." " Indeed I had not ; but how could you know it ? " " Why, we saw it. Do you think we have no eyes ? ah ! and much keener ones than gentlemen have. It is mamma and I who are to blame, if anybody ; we ought to have declared ourselves ; it would have been more generous, more — manly. But we cannot all be gentle- men, you know. It was so sweet to hear Edward praised by one who did not know us : it was like stolen fruit ; and by one whom others praise ; so, if you can forgive us our slyness, there is an end of the matter." "Forgive you? you have taken a thorn out of my soul." " Then, I am so glad you summoned courage to speak to me without ceremony. Mamma would have done better though ; but, after all, do not I know her ? My mamma is all goodness and intelligence ; and be assured, sir, she does you justice ; and is quite sensible of your disinterested kindness to dear Edward." With this she was about to retire. " Ah ! But you, IVIiss Dodd ? with whom I have taken this unwarrantable libert}' ? " said Hardie, imploringly. " Me, iNIr. Hardie ? you do me the honor to require my opinion of your performances, including, of course, this self-introduction ? " Hardie hung his head ; there was a touch of satire in the lady's voice, he thought. • Her soft eyes rested demurely on him a moment ; she saw he was a little abashed. " My opinion of it all is that you have been very kind to us, in being most kind to our poor Edward. 1 never saw nor read of anything more generous, more manly. 6 66 HARD CASH. And then, so thoughtful, so considerate, so delicate ! So, instead of criticising you, as you seem to expect, his sister only blesses you, and thanks you from the very bottom of her heart." She had begun with a polite composure borrowed from mamma; but, once launched, her ardent nature got the better ; her color rose and rose, and her voice sank and sank, and the last words came almost in a whisper; and such a lovely whisper : a gurgle from the heart ; and, as she concluded, her delicate hand came sweeping out with a heaven-taught gesture of large and sovereign cor- diality, that made even the honest words and the divine tones more eloquent. It was too much ; the young man, ardent as herself, and not, in reality, half so timorous, caught fire ; and, seeing a white, eloquent hand rather near him, caught it, and pressed his warm lipB on it in mute adoration and gratitude. At this she was scared and offended. " Oh ! keep that for the Queen ! " cried she, turning scarlet, and tossing her fair head into the air, like a startled stag, and she drew her hand away quickly and decidedly, though not roughly. He stammered a lowly apology ; in the very middle of it she said quietly, *'Good-by, Mr. Hardie," and swept with a gracious little courtesy through the doorway, leaving him spellbound. And so the virginal instinct of self-defence carried her off swiftly and cleverly. But none too soon ; for, on entering the house, that external composure her two mothers, Mesdames Dodd and Nature, had taught her, fell from her like a veil, and she fluttered up the stairs to her own room with hot cheeks, and panted there like some wild thing that has been grasped at and grazed. She felt young Hardie's lips upon the palm of her hand plainly ; they seemed to linger there still ; it was like light, but live velvet. This, and the ardent look he had HARD CASH. 67 poured into her eyes, set the 3'oung creature quivering. Nobody had looked at her so before, and no young gentle- man had imprinted living velvet on her hand. She was alarmed, ashamed, and uneasy. What right had he to look at her like that ? What shadow of a right to go and kiss her hand ? He could not pretend to think she had put it out to be kissed ; ladies put forth the back of the hand for that, not the palm. The truth was, he was an impudent fellow, and she hated him now, and herself too, for being so simple as to let him talk to her; mamma would not have been so imprudent when she was a girl. She would not go down, for she felt there must be something of this kind legibly branded on her face : " Oh ! oh ! just look at this young lady ! She has been letting a young gentleman kiss the palm of her hand ; and the feel has not gone off yet ; you may see that by her cheeks." But, then, poor Edward ! she must go down. So she put a wet towel to her tell-tale cheeks, and dried them by artistic dabs, avoiding friction, and came down-stairs like a mouse, and turned the door-handle noiselessly, and glided into the sitting-room looking so transparent, conscious, and all on fire with beauty and animation, that even Edward was startled, and, in a whisper, bade his mother observe what a pretty girl she was ; " Beats all the county girls in a canter." Mrs. Dodd did look ; and, consequently, as soon as ever Edward was gone to Oxford, she said to Julia, " You are feverish, love ; you have been excited with all this. You had better go to bed." Julia complied willingly, for she wanted to be alone and think. She retired to her own room, and went the whole day over again ; and was happy and sorry, exalted and uneasy, by turns ; and ended by excusing Mr. Hardie's escapade, and throwing the blame on herself. 68 HARD CASH. She ought to have been more distant ; gentlemen were not expected, nor, indeed, much wanted, to be modest. A little assurance did not misbecome them. " Really, 1 think it sets them off,-' said she to herself. Grand total : " What vmst he think of me ? " Time gallops in reverie ; the town clock struck twelve, and with its iron tongue, remorse entered her youthful conscience. Was this obeying mamma ? Mamma had said, " Go to bed," not, " Go up-stairs and meditate upon young gentlemen." She gave an expressive shake of her fair shoulders, like a swan flapping the water off its downy wings, and so dismissed the subject from her mind. Then she said her prayers. Then she rose from her knees, and, in tones of honey, said, " Puss ! puss ! pretty puss ! " and awaited a result. Thieves and ghosts she did not believe in, yet credited cats under beds, and thought them neither " harmless " nor " necessary " there. After tenderly evoking the dreaded and chimerical quadruped, she proceeded none the less to careful re- search, especially of cupboards. The door of one resisted, and then yielded with a crack, and blew out the candle. " There now," said she. It was her only light, except her beauty. They allotted each Hebe but one candle, in that ancient burgh. " Well," she thought, "there is moonlight enough to t