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AA 000 621 696 4
iBfiued October 26, 1912,
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,
BUREAU OF statistics—Circular 34.
VICTOR H. OLMSTED, Chief of Bureau.
RICE CROP OF THE UNITED STATES,
1712-1911.
COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
GEORGE K. HOLMES,
Chief of tJie Division of Production and Distribution.
WASHINQTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1912
UNIVERSny OF CALiro.T
LOS ANGELES
SEP 23 1952
LIBRARY
GOVT. PUBS. POniVJ
ADDITIONAL COPIES of this publication
-HL may be procured from the Superintend-
ent OF Documents, Government Printing
Office, Washington, D. C, at 5 cents per copy
SRLF
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EICE CROP IN THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1911.
Intelligent use of the following table depends upon observing these
explanations:
Area. — Of production, contiguous United States; of trade, contiguous United
States, and, subsequent to its annexation, Alaska; of total consumption, contiguous
United States and Alaska.
Production. — The year mentioned is that of planting, growth, and harvest. Pro-
duction data obtained from following sources: South Carolina crop, 1718, letter from
Governor Johnston, of South Carolina, January 12, 1720; 17.38, Butel-Dumont; 1768,
John Drayton, ex-governor of South Caroliim; United States crop, 1839, 1849, 1859, 1869,
1879, 1889, 1899, 1909, Census; 1841-48, estimates of the Commissioner of Patents; 1853,
estimate of the Commissioner of Agriculture; 1904-8, 1910, 1911, estimates of the
Department of Agriculture.
Estimates of the marketed production of rice by Dan Talmage's Sons Co.
1819-38, 1840, 1850-58, for the Carolinas and Georgia; 1860, for the same States and
Louisiana; 1861-63, for Louisiana only; 1864-65, for North Carolina and Louisiana;
1866-68, 1870-78, 1880-88, 1890-98, for the Carolinas, Georgia, and Louisiana; 1900-
1903; for the same States and Texas.
Production per acre. — Census estimate for 1849; Census average, 1879, 1889,
1899, 1909; Bureau of Statistics, Department of Agricultiu-e, 1904-8, 1910, 1911.
Total farm value. — Production multiplied by farm value per barrel; Census, 1899,
1909.
Farm value per barrel.— 1839, 1845, general and usual plantation price; 1846-47,
Commissioner of Patents; 1849, Census estimate; 1853, Commissioner of Agriculture;
1899, 1909, Census average; 1904-8, 1910, 1911, Bureau of Statistics, Department of
Agriculture.
Domestic exports of cleaned rice — net weight. — Exports of South Carolina:
1717-18, letter from governor of South Carolina; 1719, 1721, F. Yonge, agent of South
Carolina in London; 1724-35, Butel-Dumont; 1736-37, 1739-46, 1748-52, 1754, 1758-59,
1762-64, South Carolina Gazette quoted in Charleston Yearbook, 1880; 1738, Ander-
son's Commerce; 1747, Governor Glen's Report to the Board of Trade; 1753, 1771, 1781-
83, 1788, John Drayton; 1773, Charleston Yearbook, 1880; 1784-85, de la Roche-
foucauld Liancourt; 1786, Jedediah Morse. The data were originally taken from the
customhouse records of Charleston, S. C.
Exports of South Carolina and Georgia: 1760, 1770, South Carolina Gazette and
Jedediah Morse; 1761, South Carolina Gazette and Anderson's Commerce; 1772, John
Drayton and Jedediah Morse.
Exports from all the British Colonies in America: 1712-16, Colonial records of North
Carolina, imports into Great Britain from the British Colonies in America and here
stated as exports; 1767-69, official colonial statistics of exports of rice -from British
North America, quoted by Sheffield.
Exports from the United States: 1789-1801 including reexports, 1802-19 not in-
cluding reexports, American State Papers; 1820 and subsequently. Bureau of Statistics,
Department of Commerce and Labor. Figures for 1789 are incomplete, one quarterly
return missing from Charleston, S. C. Rice bran, meal, and polish are not included
except for 1891, when separate data are not given for these products.
Since 1899 the shipments of rice to Hawaii and Porto Rico from the United States
have been added to the domestic exports to make the data comparable with earlier
years, while the exports from those two cu.stoms districts to foreign countries liave been
subtracted from the total exports from the United States.
51507°— 12 3
4 RICE CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1911.
The years 1712-16 begin at Christmas; 1718-19, 1768-70 are calendar years and are
tabulated under 1717, 1718, 1767, 1768, 1769. All the other years begin Nov. 1, as
nearly as can be ascertained until 1789, which begins Aug. 1 (14-month year, partly
duplicating previous year); 1790-1842 begin Oct. 1 (1842 is a 9-month year); 1843
and following years begin July 1.
Domestic exports of cleaned rice — total value. — Before 1789 export price as
quoted from the customhouse reports, or weight of exports multiplied by the Charles-
ton market price; 1789-90, 1802-19, American State Papers; 1791-95 calculated values,
based on Charleston export prices; 1820 and subsequently. Bureau of Statistics, De-
partment of Commerce and Labor.
Imports for consumption, cleaned rice — net weight. — Total Imports less reex-
ports, 1861-65; imports for consumption 1866 and subsequently. Bureau of Statistics,
Department of Commerce and Labor. Fifty-five per cent of the weight of the imported
paddy and 89 per cent of the imported uncleaned rice were counted as cleaned rice —
see Customs Decision No. 21747, Treasury Department. Since 1899 the shipments of
domestic and foreign rice from Hawaii and Porto Rico to the United States have been
added to the imports for consumption of the United States, to make the data com-
parable with previous years, while imports for consumption into those two customs
districts have been subtracted from the total for the United States.
After October 6, 1890, " Rice flour, rice meal, and broken rice which will pass through
a wire sieve known commercially as No. 1," are added. Previous to that date these
by-products were omitted.
Equivalents used. — In trade, barrel, 1717, 350 pounds; 1719-29, 400 pounds;
1730-88, 500 pounds; 1789-1864, 400 pounds; tierce, 1789-1864, 600 pounds. In pro-
duction, 1 barrel of rough rice=162 pounds=100 pounds of cleaned rice; 1 bushel of
rough rice=45 pounds; 3.6 bushels of rough rice=l barrel.
I Consumption. — No account taken of stocks at beginning and end of year. The
figures are taken from the formula of production plus net imports (imports for con-
sumption, 1866 and subsequently) minus domestic exports, and do not stand for actual
consumption for any certain year.
Consumption of cleaned rice — per capita. — The indicated per capita consump-
tion of cleaned rice, by 5-year periods, for food, brewing, and other purposes, based
upon area and population of contiguous United States and Alaska, follows: 1821-25,
0.54 pound; 1826-30 (apparent excess of exports); 1831-35, 0.72 pound; 1836^0, 1.55
pounds; 1841-45, 1.23 pounds; 1846-50, 2.51 pounds; 1851-55, 1.57 pounds; 1856-60,
1.93 pounds; 1861-65, 1.91 pounds; 1866-70, 2.32 pounds; 1871-75, 2.75 pounds; 1876-80,
3.01 pounds; 1881-85, 3.50 pounds; 1886-90, 3.79 pounds; 1891-95,4.57 pounds; 1896-
1900, 4.17 pounds; 1901-5, 5.94 pounds; 1906-10, 7.36 pounds.
Five-year averages. — The percentages of production retained for consumption
and the per capita consumption are weighted averages; yield per acre and price per
pound are means.
Gold value. — All values have been reduced to gold for 1861-78.
Authorities. — North Carolina Colonial Records, Anderson's Commerce, South Caro-
lina Gazette, American State Papers, American Husbandry, Sheffield's Observations
on the Commerce of the American States, Bureau of the Census, Commissioner of
Patents; Wm. J. Rivers, History of South Carolina; F. Yonge, agent of South Caro-
lina in London, Address to the Rt. Hon. John liOrd Carteret; Georges Marie Butel-
Dumont, Histoire et Commerce des Colonies Anglaises dans 1' Am^rique Septentrionale;
John Drayton, A View of South Carolina ; Governor Glen's Report to the Board of Trade,
1749; F. A. F. de la Rochefoucauld Liancourt, Travels through the United States;
Alexander Ilewatt, An Historical Account of South Carolina and Georgia; David
Ramsey, History of South Carolina, 1670-1808; Jedediah Morse, American Geography,
1789; W. G. Simms, History of South Carolina; De Bow, Industries of Southern and
Western States; Charleston, S. C, Yearbook, 1880; Bureau of Statistics, Department
of Commerce and Labor; Bureau of Statistics, Department of Agriculture.
RICE CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1712-1011.
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Dollars.
997,620
1,082,605
714,558
540,048
253,903
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606, 053
430, 161
399,384
554,685
1,335,953
388,952
891,509
941,940
666,028
955, 201
636, 426
1,229,509
991,228
1,305,341
1,494,984
1,472,638
1,660,976
2,606,375
2, ,384, 585
2,319,094
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45,555,000
40, 447, 400
23,098,000
36, 708, 000
40,389,000
29,813,500
27,050,500
27,073,000
27,566,000
20, 517, 000
24, 110, 500
30,805,t»0
39,217,200
17,761,000
52,341,000
48,389,000
25,942,400
30,403,300
52,341,600
43,592,300
50, 529, 500
50,921,000
53, 646, 000
68, 266, 500
67, 234, 000
75,492,300
76, 510, 700
70, 000, 000
68, 077, 500
62,538,000
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