uc-NR||-!|;. R M 032 M37 Prof. Max «adin HANDBOOK GREEK SYNONYMES, FROM THE FRENCH OF M. ALEX. PILLON, LIBRARIAN OF THE BIBUOTHEQUE ROYALE, AT PARIS, AND ONE OF THE EDITORS OF THE NEW EDITION OF PLANCHÉ's DICTIONNAIRE GREC-FRANÇAIS. EDITED, WITH NOTES, BY THE REV. THOMAS KEECHEVEE AENOLD, M.A. RECTOR OF LYNDON, AND LATE FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. ' LONDON: ' ' " FRANCIS & JOHN RIVINGTON, sr. Paul's church yard, and Waterloo place. 1850. y '-' LONDON : OILBEKT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS, ST. John's square. F 55 165D Mai M PREFACE. My attention was first called to Mens. Pillon's " Syno- nymes Grecs," by a highly favorable review of that work in the Jahrbiicker fiir Philologie und Pddagocjik, by Vomel, himself the principal German writer upon the subject. There may exist some difference of opinion as to the plan pursued by the Author ; since he comprehends in it all the words, whether poetical or not, that have a common or closely related meaning, not excluding even the ana^ Xeyônera. Hence, in many articles, we have a conspectus of the whole wealth of the Greek language ; and in others, a discrimination of meanings that are really in themselves quite distinct, and are sufficiently discriminated by the simple mention of the corresponding English or Latin term of each. I have no doubt, however, that the conspectus of the language, thus offered, will be itself considered a work of great interest ; and that the portion which confines itself to the distinction of terms more strictly synonymous, will be received as a valuable contribution to our works on Greek literature ; being indeed on a subject that has hitherto IV PREFACE. been discussed in no separate work in the English lan- guage, if we except the translation of Tittmann's Syno- nymes of the New Testament. The principal point on which I have differed from my Author is the, as it seems to me, undue extension he has given to the term poetical, by which he would be consi- dered by the student, if unwarned, to condemn, not unfre- quently, the use in prose of words that are found in prose writers of the best age, principally indeed by Plato and Xenophon, but sometimes by Thucydides and the Orators. The early notes which I have added to the Work are principally at the end of the volume ; but from the twenty-fourth article I have inserted them in the text, but always distinguished them from the Author's own remarks by including them within brackets [ ]. T. K. A. Weston-Super-Mare, iVi. 21, J 850. •,• The words that belong exclusively to Poetry are printed in a smaller type than the rest. HANDBOOK GREEK SYNONYMES. 1. dyaÔéç, j/, or, (fr. ayav or [ayaiiai] ciyaorôç), good, in 1 as wide sense as the English word ; well-fitted for any thing ; good or able in any capacity or respect : ùyaQoç ytwpyoc, 'nriTEvc, larpôç. Xen. Cyr. i. 5, 6. In Homer, distin- guished by some physical superiority: Boz/r àyadùç Ato-"^ ^ijfrjç. Il, ii. 565 ; good in raising the battle-cry ; i. e. brave in battle. Speaking of things, good, i. e. useful, advan- tageous, efficacious ; fertile (speaking of the soil) ; fig. good, virtuous : Ovk apu u'iôrTe, khy jxii tic aûcpptjy kuI àyadoç y, i.vcaij.Lova dvcu. Plat. AlcibA. 134. [Hence it rises from the notion of physical superiority to that of moral excel- lence (its least frequent application); th.a.t oî profitableness lying between the two. Vbmel.'\ £cr6Xos, T), 6v, poetical, used in all the significations of àyaOÔQ : brave, in opp. to jca/céç in Homer : Molpav ê' ovrivâ y), is poetic: "Og rot kralpov Imipviv ivq'ia Tt tzpuTtpov Tt. II. xxi, 96. The neuter £v has been retained in prose as an adverb. ^ B 2 . I- (1; naXôs, xa).Ti, prep. hcùHliful [278], in speaking of persons or things : Ntv^ ft ^fii auripny icai TrDp Ku\i] tic cv(Tu. Anacr, Od. 2. Fig. but never in speaking of per- sons ; of actions, beautiful, good, mostly in a moral sense ; whence, of good report, virtuous, honorable [e. g. of noble actions and their rewards] ; in which application it differs from ùyaHôç, which signifies more particularly what is use- ful, advantageous : npUKeirai to'iç viKdiriy nyadh tx*"'» ka\à ÙKoviif. Xen. Cgr. vii. 1, 7. [Cf. Note.] KaXos KàyaSôç, = KuXùç Kai àyadôç, prop, beautiful and good, uniting every advantage, physical and moral ; hence perfect \^good, emphatically] : 'A -J KaXui KÙyadÇ n-fAiVjj TrpoaiiKii, Taiira ttoie'iv. Xen. Mem, i. 6, 13. In a special sense, in the plural, o'l koXoI KÙyadoi, the gentry or nobility and gentry of a country, the upper classes or ranks, those distinguished by their birth and wealth, opti- mates : Ovêùç âv tùiv KaXtoy icàyadiôv î^iov otpbciri llepauy îre^ôç lûv. Xen. Cyr. iv. 3, 5. KpiJYvof (ô, »;), fr. Ktap and yauo»', rejoicing the heart: Biitt- mann, fr. XP''l'^*H°C '■ '" Homer and Plato, good, useful [agreeable']: Màvrt KaKÛiv oil TTciffort fioi t6 Kprjyvnv tl^nç. II. i. 106. Xciîos, fr. X""^» * Laceda3monian word, synon. with ùpyrûof:, àyaQoç, and evyeyt'iç : Ovira yvi'àÏK iïrwira x^'w't- (mr. Aristoph. Lys. 1157. XPtj; Ô (J4/o7rotoc ; Plat. Gorg. 4G4, d. By ext. used of persons : Oùt'raj yjpi]fiToi. Xen. Œcon. 9, 5. Fig., by ext., upright, rirtuous, good : Aio kcÙ tovç vîûç ni iraTipeç, Ktiv wm ailuppo- ytç, Of.iui; "'ï'o TÙiy Troyripùty àydowirioy t'ipyovaiy, loç rîfy ^ly rùy ■)^pr]tTTiLy ofÀiXiay aaKtjaiy, rijy et rw»' iroyi}p(t)y Karâ- Xvmy ovaav rfn ùfjtrfic Xen. Mcm. i. 2, 20. In Plato it is often used ironically in the sense of simple, simpleton, as in our " good, easy man :" X^j/otÔç tl, on pi iiyii iKaviy nyfii r« Uityov ovruç aKpifiiJic êuèt'iy. Phcedr, 2G4, b. ' [Biiltmnnn also mentions rpnri'c as a word with which it is pos- .••ibly ronnectcd. I'roluibly from Ktap and yiio or yifio (fapfre). a word frequently mentioned by the grammarians. There is no such word as yavu. f'bmrf.J (TTTOuSatos (ô, »/) (o-7r£u^w), prop, busy, earnest [of one(l) U'fin puts his heart into his work"), active, diligent; ace. to Plato's definition perfectly good : ^Trovêa'ioç b reXtioç àyndoç- Plat, Defin. 415. Opp. to (pavXoç, in speaking both of persons and things : Ei ^£ ce'i, Ofrjroy oira, ttjq rùty OeùiI' /), word of Ionic origin, ace. to Gregory of Corinth, fit, proper, becoming : To ^t fiérpioy kuI kuXwç £')(0»' ÈmeiKéaTarôy tpacri. Greg. Cor. 246. Tvfxjjoi' o' où fjàXa TToXXoi' ty'^ irovitaQat ctrwya àW iiruiKia TOiov, not a very large one, but one of suitable (^ moderate) size. II. xxiii. 246 : hence, fig., one who makes concessions [and all fair allowances], indulgent, condescending, benignus, clemens : "E(Tn C£ ô kwieiK^ç b ÈXciTTwriKbç Twy êa'aioou Ttoy icarà fofjoi' {disposed to yield a portion of his legal rights). Arist. Magn. Mor. ii. 1. Tov yap ÊTrieai/ fxàXiarâ (pufxey eu'cu avyyrwpoi'iKÔy. Arist. Nicom, vi. 11, 1. à|j.v|JiCi>v (Ô, r'/) (/iiLfioc), ivithout reproach, irreproachable, Homer's epilliet for Achilles and heroes : 'MtT àfxvfiova YlrfKt'niJva, after the brave son of Peleits. Od. xxiv. 18. He applies it principally to men, I)iit sometimes to things :. ' AfX(p' avTolcri 6' êiriiTa fx'iyav Kal àfivfiova rvfi(3ov xfva/xEv. Od. xxiv. 80. KcSvos, t], 01', sometimes synon. with àyaOôç or koKoç, fig. : Tlpàç 5' tnç. ^vx^ Oâfjcroç rjfTrai QioaifSï] (pùira keSvù Trpà^eiv {'=■ will prosper). Eurip. Alcest. 604. r âyai' (ayEy), al first, as nimis in Latin, much, very 2 much, very^c. Hence, by ext., and more generally, it expresses excess, too much, too, &c. : M?;^£)' ayav dcryaWe TnpaiTCTOfiÉriov tvoXiïjtmv, Khpre' jjéarjv d 'ip\ov T))y bc6v, wairep £yw. Theogn. Sent. 219. Ovk àpéaicei ci fioi to XeyvfXEVop, fJLTjSèf âyon'" ^£' yap tovç ye kuicovc ciyai' niaÉlv. Aristot. Rhet. ii. 21. Xiav, in poetry (in Homer, under the Ionic form X'lriv), much, very much, very: OiiSè Xi'rji' XwTTprj, àràp oïW (vpna TETVKTai, //. xiii. 243. OvTui TO Xiav ijaaov i-rraivS) tov |ai]8€v ayav. Eur. Hippol. 203. Subsequently used by the Attic prose writers [and tliat very fre- quently] in the same sense as ayav: Kai toi Xiav TrpoQvjuoiç ol avp^iaxoi (Tvnlitj3ov\(VKaaiv vjxiv, ùç xprj Mia(jf]vr]v aiptVTuq, TTOu'iaaaOai Tr/v tlpijvijv. Isocr. Archid. 125. B 2 4 3,4. 3. 3 à.yay(LKT€ly, to suffer, to he in pain, [e. g. in] speaking of the toothache : 'Oirep to rwi' ùcovTOipvovyruyv irùQoç jTfpi TO\)Ç vcôvraç yiyrirut, orav dprt (^vuxTi, Kfijaiç re Kni à-/uyÛKTT)aiç rrepi rh ov\a, TuvToy ^;/ iritrovdiv >/ row nrtpo- (fivi'iy àpyn^iyov ^v\ii' iiû te Kai àyayaKTt'i *."ni ynpynXt- Cirai vov(Ta rh Trrtpa. Plat. Phœdr. 251, c. Fig. to he indignant at (any thing) [jnc//r/??e or moleste ferre ; indig- iinri, to he angry, vexed, pained at, &c.] : ^ AyayaKTÎ]aaç r^ roX/ijj ni/riL)'. A't'H. Ilellen. v. 3, 3. It is found \vith a transitive signification in the prop, sense : Tti èc « (^aai . . . ùyaydKTt'iy tovç ôcàyraç, cl Xidoç tir), iv rrj Ctnfiaa- (Ti'itTEi, some authors say that in the state of stone it sets the teeth on edge in masticating it. Dioscorid. v. 84. axOetrOai (iiy^Bnc), to he laden, to he httrdcned : 'AXX* ôrt ( ;/ KoiX»/ yrjvç i'i\8ET0 to'kti ritaOai. Od. XV. 457. Fig. : [;r»;c. Justin Martyr, 275, c. dirôoToXoç, ov (n), fr. ùn-oartAXw, envoy, one sent on some important political or other mission : '() /«£»■ cif ànv- Xoç t'c r»/r yUXrirnv i/r. Ilcrod. i. 21. In the N. T. it is the special name of the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus Christ to be his companions, and afterwards to spread his doctrine among Jews and Gentiles ; hence the word apostle : Kai oTi iyiviTO îi^Upu, irpoattbwyt^at tovç ftadifràç ahrov' Kai e/cXc^afjei'Oç Ûtt' avTÛJr êwdeKU, ovç icai ÙTroffTÔXovç ùivôjiaaE. (6) Luke vi. 13. TTp€cr|3us, £wc (ô), prop, an aged person, an elder ; thence one sent, an ambassador ; but it is only used in this sense in the plural irpéo-peis, perhaps because several such persons were sent together, because interests of import- ance were entrusted to them : 'E/3ou\Eu/- ro>y, fiiKpûJy fiîy, lojooXwy ^è Ot]niiov, £7rt/>u,\\o»' avro'ic. Hcrodian iii. 9. [— KtutDi' oaa Tpii^peai irpoaiiKn. Plat. Cril. 117, d.] o-KCuâpiOf, ou (rô), diinin. : "Aîrarra ^" //uTi- dpyvpiov Kill ■)(^pvrTiuv tU (7k'£vc'tpiri 7r\i'/()»j ariy. Aristoph. Plut. 808. T€Ûxoç, coç (rô), fr. Ttv\t>), every thing fabricated, or wrought by art to shape and service, utensil, vessel, rà r£ux«Oj «HHS [especially in Horn, and Hes.] : Kat ortap tv (7) Tiv\t(rL Twr êiXénwy w i)^pû)VTO oî Mocravvoii^oi Katiâinp oi "EXXijreç tù èXaiu), and in vessels the grease of dolphins, which, &C. Xen. Anah. v. 4, 28. [Not common in prose, %v\iva rivxiu, Anab. 5, 4, 28; co à\(piT(>)v, Hell. 1, 7> H- — Also Arist. Hist. An. 9, 40.] 8. - aycw, to put in motion, urge on or forward, lead, 8 cause to go on ; to drive a horse ; guide, conduct, or lead a man ; and thence to march an army : '^H pa koX 'îmruv àywy, II. xxiii. 596. 'Eyw ce pcfCiav cat /Bpa^tTai' ôcùv (.TTi Ti/y ev^aifioyiay asw as. Xen. Mem. ii. 1, 23. This verb has sometimes the name of a thing for its subject, and is used, as (pépui, in the sense of carrying, bringing, conveying [389]. ["Ay£iv Kal (piptiv, i. e. to drive off the cattle and carry off the booty, &c. = to pillage or lay waste a country. — '■ KyEw is also used absolutely in the sense of to march ; the ace. arpuTÔy, army, being omitted. It can only be said of the general.'] dyii'eeii', a lengthened Ionic form of ciyEiv, of which it is probably the frequentative, and only found in Homer and Herodotus. It indicates an action repeated, or of common occurrence, or completed by degrees : 'Hvitc dyi- le'iç alyaç jj,yr]nTïîp£crcn èùfxoy Kara êu'ira TrîyetrQaL. Od. xxii. 198. èXaui'eii', to urge forward, particularly beasts, a horse, an army, thence, by ext., a carriage, vessel ; in Hom. to drive off cattle, as plunder : Oi; yap tvwttot i^'aç (3ovc 7j\a- aay oitci fxkv 'ittwovc. II. i. 154. It is very commonly used absolutely with an ellipse of the accusatives 'iTnrovc, ap/.m, (TTpaTov : Ot (TTTTflç }]Kavyoy Itzl X6:zi- (rQoévXÛKii ci Stvoipuiv. An. iv. 1, 15.] By ext. (as the ^ Latin ducere) to believe, to think, regard as : Ta 6rq-U C' où i'îiy -KpuiTOv })yovpai atcidy, Eur. Med. 1221. ô8t]y€Îi' {hhtiyôç), to he guide ; whence to conduct : Ai'^ou ciprf at)y x^'f» ôh}y!i, and said to be .syn. with Jytiv. Its difference seems to Cl:n^ist in .«omewliat greater strengtii of expression, and in h»vinj; the notion of fatality, trouble, and suffering associated with it: Nrr /itr Ci) yiâ\a —ùyxv KaKÔç KaKov >/y>;X«2|et. Od. xvii. 217- 'A êfiX', >/ rirti Kai ' fSapvy I'lytjXcicifi. ^poll. IViod. i. 272. ôSoûi' (ci^ôç), to put in tlie wag, to set on the tcag, to show the way, guide, conduct : Kai r/t re i\ir' vi.ii(i)y »//i7r ')(^pt](Trù)ç irovrat, i:ai rii oV iifiiioy iç v/it'aç iTirticitjjç v~t}- piTterai, as gou on your part show us the good wag, so ^'C. [ut vos nobis probam viani ostenditis. /a//.] Jlcrod. iv. 139. Ai/art/c/iaoro»' iç Ti\yi]y wcuxra dnjTovç. /Esch. Prom. 507. ■}\y€p.ovtveLv (^ijyepwv), to be guide, conductor, or chief; to guide, conduct: 'Kyw è' ùcùy >;yf//oi t î'ffw. Od. v. 2(jl. Hence to command, to be chief: AokpCjy c ijyi^iûvtvty 9. 11 'OïXJ/oc ro)(ùç A'Utç. IL ii. 527. Thucydides, Plato, and (8) Xenophou have also employed this poetic verb : *II ov coKel. troi TO f.t£i' deijj}' olur ap-^eiu re Kcti îiyefxoyeveiv 'ïït:ojU('/ca ^^ lead by the hand : Tpé- fiorra 2' avTov yèi] tpwç e-^f.ipayoiyfii. Anacr. 60, 10. Ew ■Koieiç, Ù) 'Epjj.ri, j^^Eipayiijywy. Luc. Tim. i. 30. ■7ro8if)Y€Îf (ttovç, âyeip), to direct the feet or the steps : "iQart ctvToç avTOv \(iop\ç rov êel^ayTOç fxrj dêvyaroç Eiyat Tr(ih]y(~tv. Plat. Epist. vii. 340, c. iTo8T]YeT€ii' ÇiroêrjyiTïiç), a derivative of much more modern formation : ^iXo(7o€.\.v (âyw), to collect together, to assemble, used 9 frequently of persons in Homer and the Tragic poets : T\o\\ib)v Ik iro\lu)y drjpriTopag âyèpaç àyslpaç kuÏ Kvyaç. Horn. IL ix. 540. Used of things, to amass, heap together, in Homer and Herodotus : 'O /jèy tvda -ttoXvv filoToy Kal yjpvaov kydpioy. Od. iii. 301 ; hence it comes also to sig- nify, absolutely, to make a collection, to collect for charita- ble purposes, to ask alms : "Çlairep oi ttj ^ir)Tpi àyeipoyreç. Luc. Pseudom. Fig. \_dvp6y àyeipeLv =] to animate, reani- 12 9. (9) mate : "Oç ^ly àiûjyti Tputaly Qvfxuv ùytîpai, to reanimate the courage of the Trojans. II. v. 509. dyopTcIl^ctK [àyvpTT)!:), to gather money by begging, speaking of a mendicant : 'AX\' upa o'l ruye tcépêioy ttcraro dvfju) y^piffiar àyvpTuCiiv no\\i]y IttI yaîav lôiTi. Od, xix. 284'. dOpoi^ciK (îiOponç), prop, to press close and tight, to press one against the other ; hence to assemble men together, and particularly soldiers, an army, in Thucydides and Xenophon, who very seldom use àyeipu) in this sense. As a term of military tactics, to make soldiers close their ranks ; hence, to collect those who were scattered and in disorder, to rally : 'Ilav^io»/ tlj^oi' {jQpoKj^ivoi. Xen. Ilel- len. vi. 5, 8. \\dpoi!^ii rovg luvruv Kcù avvTarTtrai, Xen. An. i. 10, 5 [where, however, it is spoken of victorious troops recalled by their commander in expectation of a fresh attack]. àyeXdi^cii' (ùyeArj), to gather together in herds, to collect in jlocks; = congregare ; used principally in the passive, to Jlock, to herd together, to live in herds, to con- gregate (intrans.), Sfc, in speaking of animals: 'AyeXul^ov- Tnt éè at Tt Çtârrai K.at al rpvyoyeç. Arist. An. viii. 12. [Also avvayf.\ûl^iiy.'\ , any animal that is fed on pastures; (ioaKijiJiara, herds of animals which pasture [^cattle, herds, flocks, with reference to their supplying food, &c.] : 'Atto /ioiTK-Tj^taVwv ydXni^Ti cat rvptp icui Koiaai. rpfOo/itrot. Xen. Mem, iv. 3, 10. "()6i T àpcfxuç h]v Trâyrtaai i^oro'taiy, II. xviii. 521. voficvfia, aroç (to), fr. vofiivtu, every animal that grazes ; prin- cipally in the plural, vofiivfiara, wv (rà), flocks and herds: EÙTrôeoic vofitvfiaaiv. yEsch. Agam. 1427- p.TJXok', ov {to), sheep, without distinction of sex ; ram, ewe : Mti'Ttit^oyTct o' trop^^u. Trap' avroOi yuJ/V' hptvereiv. IL xxiii. 147. More commonly in the plural, fiijXa, toy (ra), flock of sheep, sheep: 'Piyijcrty te utljy, vrrô re a-ioç i'lXaai fiflXa. IL iv. 279. irpôPaToc, ov (to), fr. 7rpo/3aù'w, prop, beast that moves onward to graze, and principally, a four-footed beast, cattle ; in the Attic writers, a sheep ; whence by ext., Jlock, herd; in general and more commonly in the plural, ■npô^ara, my {ra), flock of sheep, sheep : UpopaToy ^tv wç f. 77 IT oTToXv, ijy KUKwç £)('?> rov vopia aiTiwptda, Xen. Œcon. ;3, II . KTTJcoç, toc (tô), according to the Etym. M., comes from KTtivw, and signifies every animal killed for food ; others derive it with more reason from KTÛopai, KTÎaroy, a posses- sion ; pi. KTqnr), possessions, wealth, principally in cattle, whence, generally, jlocks, herds, or flocks and herds : [»>■-»'/ rta . . . 6v(Tipa TTd'vru. Her. 1, 50 ; all kinds of animals that are offered in sacrijice : aKtvotpopa tcTt'jyji, beasts of burden. Hence rà (Tt;evo'/*' ApTtpiCoç upoy pdXa âytoy. Xen, Ilellen. iii. 2, 12. 15 19. 'El' j-iiaio i-iiv upov àyioy avrôBi tïjç te KXtirovç Kcù (H) Toîi Tloaeicujvui: ajjuToy àfi'iTO. Plat. Crit. 116, c. O'iEncra KXrji'ci Ovpaç îepolo Sû/joio. II. vi. 89. "Aycoc is not found in Homer, nor in the Tragic writers ; it is rare even among the ancient prose writers. In the Septuagint uytoc is the epithet given to the Supreme Being : 'Eyw Kupioc ô Oit'jç (Tov, âyioç 'Irrpa//\. Isai. 43, 3. 'Eyw tl/J-i Kiipioç ô uytoç iv 'Iffpm'iX. Ezeh. 39, 7. It is also sometimes found for upôç, sacred, consecrated : 'H/^£pa ayta larl rw Kvpt'w Oew nuCJv. Nehem. 8, 9. [Cf. 268.] dyTOs, prop, pure ; hence holy, in the poets : Nwv juev yap Kara êijfioy eopri) ro'io OeoTo àym). Od. xxi. 257. — Chaste, the special epithet of several goddesses, as Cybele, Proserpine, and Minerva : '^.v^Errdai Èè Au ■)(doyiu}, Ajj/x//- repi 0' àyy^. Hesiod. Oper. 435. [Cf. 18.] oaios, a, oy, that which is in conformity with the Divine law, with religion, piows, reliffious ; hence, relipous, pious, holy in speaking of persons [in a lower sense, just, conscientious~\ : Aoç c' kç vrrcopeiriy v'^iKp{]jiyoio Mlfxayroc alêoiii)y /j' tXQoyra (jpoTwy ôcrîojy te Kvpr](Tai. Horn. Epigr. vi. 6. Ocriwy àyêpùty àp)(orrwj'. Plat. Epist. vii. 335. '^QÉXEiy (^ï)v Toy ôcrtoy Kal e'lKcuov [ilov. Plat. Leg. ii. 663, b. [Cf. 177. 268, and note.] 12. ayKioTpov, ov (to), fish-hook : AIeÏ yap Trept yrjaov 12 àXMfXEvoL l^QvâaGKov yvafjiiTTo'ic dyiciaTpoKny. Od. iv. 368. Afterwards it was used in a more general sense for any kind of hook [mwcms] : 'ETretor) yop tovç Èy tû ^r]fio)Ti]pi(i> davaTovfjiivovç dyKicrrpoLç tktI pEyâXoiç ol h'i/xtoi tç te T))y àyopciy dt'EtA^ror, KUPTadd' Èç tov TroTctfiov ïavpov, 'e/), fr. àpwâ^io, generally, an instrument for drawing or raising with power : an instrument \harpago~\ made of iron, with several hooks (called also Xvkoq, lupus), and used in drawing up the buckets from wells ; a kind of grappling-iron, used in sieges and sea-fights ; it was also a tool like our shovel, or rake, as far as can be conjec- tured from this verse of Euripides: ' AvayKu'uijç 'i\Ei caiotiv c2 • 16 la— i:i. J2)otfr)p^ T^ci ft àpvdyTi côftovç. Cycl. 32. [Distinguished from the abstract ipiray^ by its accent.] SyKOS, ov (6), iron barb of the arrow, in Homer; barb, hook : Aùriio c' tv ^iMiart'ipoc a'jjrjporoc fXtf»' oicrTuy' tov è' iit\ici)fii>oio vdXiy uyiK ùliiç oyKoi. II. iv. 214. Sym»^, ou (Ô), /«///] and Strabo attribute to Anacharsis : Ei/of/^iara re airrov Kiyii . . . Ti)y afttftipoXoy ayKvpay, Knt ror KepnfitiKoy Tpo\6y. Strab. vii. 209. fômî, ùty {ai}, iarse stones which served the purpose of an anchor in primitive times : 'Ev c tvvàç tpaXov, Kara. ci Kpvftyiiai icifaut . 'II. i. 436. 14. IJ àyKiûy, ùiyoç (o), the elbow: 'Opdiodùç è' âo' iir' ùyKÙ)- »oc, Ktipti\i)y inntipaç. II. X. 80. It is thus described by Galen : 'Aykijy C iariy, y rcort. OTijpii^ôfieda, (prjmy 'In-Tru- cporijt' t)Ct ^£ KO» rûy oarwi- avrov danpoy to fit'ii^oy, ov . fiipoç fiiy lari ri -foe I^n-o^pârove ftiy ùyKÛ>y, vira ^è TÙy WrriKÙiy ùX^Kpacoi' uyufini^ofiiyoy' lèiKwnpoy (= more sp'cifically) yap tiiirov toî/to to ôffTOvy tnjxus ».o\£7rat. (ialen. de usu part. ii. 2. Tô piy ovy ù^rimo f-iipoç avTÙç ô àyKÛy iany, ôy o'i ' :\di]yirioi pty wXeurpâior, u'i Acupicîç et KÛPiTO»' ùioftûi^ovai. Galcn. de Muscul. ii. 3. dyKUXT), »;c (»;), curve or bcnd of the arm, which forms the elbow on the inside : Kui tov àycôlioç ?; Knfnri'i .... ro t'lToc row àyn'ûi-oç. Ilcsych. 15. l.'i dyfcia, «ç (»/), fr. nyytvui, purity : ' Ayytin fv.Xdptiu ritv «■foe Toi^C 0£oùç hpHpTr]pÛTwy. Plat. Defin. 414, a. '.\y»»ii/ C-i/^i/c roû (TÛ/i((r<), another verbal from àyi»»!''!.;, signifyinp rather /*r j/nr»' €>/ fiHtihi, firt>inili/ : 'U rjcroi' di ai'fi0aKX( Knndvfpa Oioîç, oirtic iXvtfdv «'•■;i'?<'PiYV06Îi', to he in doubt, in uncertainty on any point or fact : Kai o n kiroiovv I'l/Afiyyoovy. Xen. Anah, ii. 5, 8. c3 18 18, 19. 18. is àyv6^ [cf. 11], pure, with reference rather to inward and essential, or moral purity ; in Homer, but only in the Odyssey, it is the epithet of Diana, Proserpine, and some other poddesses ; chaste : \pvtjùQoovoç " Apriynç dyvîi. Od. V. r2.'3. In Pindar it is the epitliet of Apollo, or of the sun, the light of which was considered as the purest of all thini^s : '/Sivu ^u» nyiiy 'AToXXu^ea, Pindar, Pyth. ix. 112. Ka6apôs, a, vr, pure, adds to the notion of àyvùç that of external and bodily purity, which was also necessary for the due performance of the ceremonies of rclijjious wor- ship : *A»' /I»; (kayiijifJc ^ rue \iio»ç (ftôvov. Plat. Leg. ix. 8(J1, e. Afi Ka()tHKiv «rai àyti/y Cifi^ittiv Ttiv yanijdilrray {pure and chaste). Plut. Qucest. Pom. i. 19. If» dyopa, ÙC (>'/), prop, place where persons assemble, public place or square ; hence, market, principally for eatables and provisions of all sorts, and, ijcnerally, for wares of small cost and at retail prices : To rùir ùviutr vXTiOoc vpùiyriç vat ri/y ivtTJj(>iay T>)y Kara Tt)y dyopây. Dem. Phil. Ml, 12. [Cf. 20.] ifLTTopiov, ov {to), emporium, particular place where wholesak- maritime traffic is conducted in a sea-port, mart, factory, exchange : Ovt ijiiropiif ^pm^cvij ovtc Kt^iya t:iKTtipiyi]. Isocr. 198, c. By ext., a commercial town, place of trade : 'K^iirôpjoi' C i)y to \(i)ptoy Kai wpfwvy avroOi oKkuCic TTvWni. Xen. An. i. 4, 6. fiaycipcioi', ov {to) {pàyeipoç), that part of the market- place at .Vthcns, where cooks were hired, according to the moaning which Pollux gives to the following verse which he has preserved out of Antiphanes : 'E*,- rwi- pnytii>ftu>y liiiciiioy ifiiidWuty tic ro5v//or, going from the cook-marktt to the ftsh-market. Antiphan. Milit. TrwXi]n]pioc, ov {rô), generally, the place or site trhcrc things arc sold : V.l ct Km dyopulotç o«\'»;(tîic t£ h."(iJ irwXr/rJ/i.ia (kiit.rifrk.'ruri'r^ftr;. AV». de f'ect. 3, 13. The place where the IluX>)ru( (certain magistrates) sat ; court (if the 11. at Atlicns. These magistrates wore commission- 20. 19 ers of public sales and taxes ; they sold for the treasury all (19) domiciled foreigners [^tVouot, resident aliens'}, who had not |)aid the tax of twelve drachms per annum, to which they were subject. It is to this custom that the following pas- sage of an advocate's speech, attributed to Demosthenes, refers ; Ao/iwj' avrog uvTo-)(€i{>la Trpoç to TrwArjrj/ptov rov fxeTOLKÎQv awij-yayey, Dem. in Aristoy. 57- Trpa-n^ptoi', ov (to), fr. Trpan'ipioc, place where things are sold, or rather that which is offered for sale ; hence, sale, market, under the Ionic form in Herodotus : 'Ej^0aÛ7-a ci Xeifiwi' ènri, 'lia (T(jji dyopij re èylrtTo kqi TrprjTïjpiov, Herod, vii. 23. kukXos, ov (o), prop, circle: KvkXoi ce kr rrj viq, ku- fxijciq. KaXovrrai kv oiq tTvnrpdaKoyTO ra àv^pâwoca. Poll. vii. 11. This use of the word kvkXoç (for slave-market) comes, according to Harpocration, from the custom of the buyers forming a circle in that particular part of the market- place where slaves were sold. 20. dyopci, âç (>/), fr. dytipur, place where assemblies are 20 held, and, by ext., the assembly itself; in the Iliad dyopd is the assembly of the people, in opp. to pouXi^, the council of the elders, chiefs : Avrhp i KrjpvKsaoi XiyvipOuyyoicn KtXtvatv Krjpva(n.iv dyopî]vCE /capTj/co/uôwiraç A^cuoiiç. Ot /JEv tKi'ipvcraov, Tol ô' iiytipovTO fxaX' wica. BowA») ce Trpwroy HiyaOvfiujy ICe yepàvThiv, II. ii. 50. At Athens dyopd was the assembly of each tribe, and EKKXifjo-ia was the general assembly of the people, which was held in the public place, or at the Pnyx, or in the theatre : Tov (rreea- vov kav fjiv >/ ftovXi) lyrecpavo'i kv rw (jovXevrripit^ àrtnreTv, kàv êè >/ ttôXiç, kr tvvi'Ki, kv tïj kt:KXr}(TÎ(^. Dem. Cor. 244, 2. Kupta èKKXifjCTia was the ordinary assembly, which was held four times in every prytany, that is, every thirty- five days ; the èKKXT)o-îa (tuykXtjtos was an extraordi- nary assembly, convoked on urgent business by the Pry- tanes or generals (orparrjyot) : HivyKXfjrov kKk-Xyjtrlaç vtto rrTparriywv yevojiévriç kol irpvTCivewv Kai povXr\ç yrwfir). Dem. 238, 2. Ace. to Pollux it was called KaraKXTjo-ia, ac (>/), when those who lived in the country were also 20 20. (20) summoned : "On icai roue f/^ "w«' àyowf KareKnXovt . Poll, viii. 1 17. ^KKXi^aia, aç (/;), in the N. T., the assembled body or covimunitij of the first Christians, the Church : Rayw ci. fjoi \iyu), 071 av ti Tltrpoc, t:ai IttI raurjj rp Ttirçxf u'ikoCo- fitjait) /jov T>)y tKKXtjaiay. Malth. 16, 18. This word is always taken metaphorically, although some commentators would explain it literally. ayupLSt <«^C (v)i iîlolic form of the same origin as àyopd, with which it is synon.; [arfpiSv. Od. iii. 31 : also vijiSv. //. xxiv. 141 ; (TTpaTiàç. Eur. Iph. A.1b^\] hi'ap, \n Homer: 'En-fc (iaaiXiia Uov, /3t/3\n/j/i6»'o»' y/Top, Kiifiti'ov tv t'lKvuv àyî'pti. II. xvi. fiCl. o^i]Yvpi9, euf ()'/), compound of âyvpiç, eusembly, in Homer : 'Otu) âà 'fiiv OîiXvfiTTÔv^i Oiwi' fii9' bfiTjyvpiv aXkuv. II. xx. 142. iranîyupis, twr, »/, prop, general assembly, great con- course of people assemhlcd to celebrate a festival or some public solemnity, such as the Olympic games, to which spectators flocked from all parts of Greece ; the ttav- aorjcaia, at Athens, which also attracted a great number of strangers ; and other festivals of this nature ; public solemnity : Ovre yap iv ■narr^yvpiai raiç Koiraiç cùùvrtç yipa TCI i'o^i^ô/Àtva, in their great public solemnities. Thvc. i. 25. dyciv, Covoç {Ô), ace. to Eustathius àyiuf was in use among the Bœotians for ayopc'i {Euslath. 13.'35, .')4); but it is only found twice in this sense in Homer, assembly collected to see or celebrate games : Aiirn T nyair, Xao'i ce doiiç èvi rijuç it:u(TToi icn^i^tnir' téxii. II. Xxiv. 1. CTÛXXoyoç, ov (ô), prop, a meeting for the purpose of talking over and settling any matter ; deliberative assembly, conference : '() cc ànf.iir()ç UKovaar if IvWôyifi ~ù>y «rr^jnnw- Tcjy vnwy Xiyti rah. Xen. Expedit. v. 7, 22. [Note.] (Tukaywyq, t/ç (>;), prop, act of convoking or assem- bling : AoKÙ»»' urac iy Ttj ^vynywyrj rnv TroXt^ou f^mXaKoc ihni, to have been slow in collecting troops for the war. Thuc. ii. 18. Among the Jews, svnagooie, in the Acts of the Apostles ; ^IIXOo»- tic OtaanXoyiKi]y, o-uv iiv >'/ avy- ayuyt) rûy 'lov^aiu)y. Act. /■fpost. 17» !• (Tuk'oSos, «V (>/), assembly, meeting : Tafiic'iuy re .^r/Xoç fiy avTo'tç, Kuî l,viocoi iç rv lipùy iyiyiovTO. Thuc, i. 96. 21. 21 dpxaipeo-i'a, oç (»/), prop, election of magistrates, hence (20) office of magistrate, the magistrates in Herod. [?] : 'ETrtàv c^£ Baguai ciyopt) StKa //^fpt'wi' ovk 'laTaral ncpi, uiic op^ai- peaii) avri^ti, nor does any magistrate sit [more probably, nor is any meeting held for the election of macjistrates. Cf. Bâhr]. Herod, vi, 58. In Demosthenes, election: 'Hç è' £v a\o^cup£i7<'aie vfiuc Xafopiav tVt roy -n-uXe^iuy tovtov KaTe'/), that feeds or dwells in the fields, rural: TijcE 8 ufxa l^vfKpUL Koîipui Aiùç alyiô^oio dypovô^oi TTutCovai. Od. vi. 106. ['O ctyçorùfinç, at Athens, the manager of the public lands. Arist. Rep. G, 8.] àypiociç, fffcra, iv, a modern Epic form, in Nicander, that which renders tvild or fierce : 'Qç S' ÔttÔt' cïy()i6iffaav VTToQXiipavTiç èirû- pTjv. Nicandr. yjlex. 30. 23. dypos, cv (ô), field, land capable of cultivation ; ager : 23 E»' ytwpy/ç Tovç K£KTr}fiivovç dypovç. Xen. Mem. iii. 9, 11. Hence country, as opp. to àarv or ttoXiç, town : Kat ÊK7r\i]iii' KciTci TE TOVÇ clypovç Kal ty rf] TrôXei è.iroiri(T£. Xen. Hellen. iv. 7, 3. à\(>>T), jjç (r;), fr. àkoâii), land under culture, in Homer: "Oç (caicà ttôW' ïgStdKiv (9u)v Oivîioç àXtxjrjv, did much harm to the lands of JEneas. II. ix. 540. apoupa, aç, »/, fr. dpùw, land under tillage, arable land; arvum : Netov êe (Tirtipeir i-i K{)v3. irtXtOpov, ou (to), quantity of land ploughed in a day, [loosely] acre, in measure : 'Enrà c' iKtaxi Tri\t9pa Triaùv. It. xxi. 407. The syncopated form -irXeOpov, ov {to), is found only as the surface- measure of a hundred Greek feet, pttthrum ; the juserutn of the Latins was, ace. to Ouintiiian (i. 10, 42), 2J0 feet in length, and of half that breadth. Te'fAci'oç, ioç {tu), fr. rf'^rw, portion or piece of land : Krji /(£!' (a i\vKini refXEioc rafjiov, ito\ov ciXXwr, Ka\oy ({tvra- Xiijr, i;a't npovprfç, u(ppa réfjoiro. IL vi. 194. Enclosure reserved and dedicated to a god ; sacred enclosure or pre- cincts : Tclpyanov i>0(i cî ol Ttfttroc pUfioc te dvîjdc. II. viii. 48. Xwpos, ov (Ô), prop, space: \iopoy f.iÈr irpÛToy hefjié- Tptov. II. iii. 315. The country, in opp. to the town: Ka'i yap iv rip X^^pto *."»« fV r^ anrii àii iy wptf a'l ewiKuipimTaTai TTOH^Etç,- ilaiy. Xen. Œcon. 5, 4. Sometimes field, in Xenophon : OyctVorc yap t\a y^ûpoy eleipyfifffiefor ihtiladat. Xen. Œcon. 20, 22. \(aplov, ov {to), dimin. of ^wpoc, piece of land : "En (iè ol piy àypovç KeKTijpévoi irnireç t^piey àv fiVfîv oirôcra C^vyr} dpKÛ fîç to \(opioy Kai ononui ipyarai. Xen. f ectig. 4, ô. In Plutarch, estate, country-seat, villa of the Romans : 'ETrai'tXôw»' 3' £«ç TO yupiov, hy /iti' f) yEif.Hi)y, ècu}fiica \a/3(J»', Oipovç ?£ yvpiùç tpyaaaf^mo^ ptrci -t^y o'lKtTwv iaditi Tov uvToy apror. Plut. Cat. Maj. 3. 24. 21 ^YX*'^*'» ^° press, squeeze tight : "Ay^e ci pir iro\v- kKTTOç Ipàç àiraXiiv viro ceipi)y. II. iii. 371. AirdYX^'''» ^^ strangle : 'O /iti- \ât ytlypoy aVa'yj^w»'. Od. xix. 230. 'Airdyi,aa6ai pt iroiriat'iç. Theocr. iii. 9. ■nv'\.y€\.v, to choice : Ovtm yap TryilayTiç £•' vfam tovç a\o- Xvf^tlJovc. Batr. 158. 'En-i(y£70 ônTiç f.n) iTvy\ayiy ittc- (TTÛpiyoç yi'iy, Xen. Anah. v. ", 15. [Cf. Mark v. 13.] diTOTTviYei»', to stifle, smother [e. g. Avith too trarm cloth- ing'] : OÏt' dfiipiii yviTai nXiiui »/ dvyayTai (piotiy, aVo- '»r»'iy£7£i' ynp dv. Xen. Cyr. viii. 2, 11. 'OO' o'vroai t-u rvy diroirr'iiai fiovXeTui. Aristoph. I'esp. 1134. Fig.: 'E^' oîç 25. 25 î'ywye ctTroirrtyofiai, at which I am choked ivith rage. Deni. (24) 403. KaTairi'tYen', to stifle [/), act of combating ; ace. to Pollux, this word is more particularly used of the contests of the stadium, and those of the Dionysia : Sejuvorepo»' tnroiç tiv dyojvlai yv^viKai, Kal dyioi'iai ^lorvmaKai. Poll. iii. 142. But the word is found in almost all writers in the more general sense of exercise, practice in particular games : Et TIC 'iTnrEvtiv ?/ TolevEiv oiêEV, î) av TraXaieiv i) ttvkteveiv tj Ti TÏjç dWrtç dywviaç. Plat. Alcih. ii. 145, C dywi'KTp.o, aroç (ré), fr, ctywit'Cojuai, verbal subst. express- ing the effect, result of the action, exercise, exhibition of ■ games, exhibition, essay \_prize-essag'\, commissio, certatio : 'EoTt pLvr}/), act of combating, of competing at games ; it is one of the words which Dionysius of Halicarnassus censures in Thucydides, as old and obsolete (Dion. Hal. (le Thuc. V. 795) : K«rà Ti)y ovt: Èloviriay -i)ç àywriatwç, vpoEXBioy Èç roy aywia, driirjae rùy i/n'oxor, since he teas not allowed to compete, he advanced into the stadium and crowned the charioteer. Thuc. v. 50. 26. 26 o.yû)v, wi'oç {<)), concourse or circle of spectators assembled at public games ; hence, the lists, the stadium, the circus, in Homer: Bt)rr]y îç ^écraoy àytôya. II. xxiii. 685. By ext., combat of the circus, games : Ol yvfiyiKoi âywyeç. Isocr. Paneg. i. Used also of theatrical contests: ^itr'a riywv tovç àywyaç Troiyaoyrai TvtpL aVarrw»' ■^optjiy Kai -^opiiaç. Plat. Leg. viii. 835, b. Sometimes combat or war: *II cokCi aoi fiiKpùç ttrca Ô irtpl rj/ç 4'^\vç tt/ooc tovç TroXt/it'oi/ç àyuty ; Xen. Mem. iii. 12, 1. âc6Xo9, ou (o), in poetry, whence by contraction aOXoç in prose, expresses the pains taken to win the prize or gain the advantage, toil, labour, pains : 'Q yvvai ! où yap irw Trayroyv irri Trtipar aiOXwv ■tlXQofitv. Oil. xxiii. 250. Tujv M\wv tCjv "HnacXfouc rô iç ti)v vûpav. Pausan. x. 18, 5. AVhcnce, principally, combat or contest in the circus: ' kvî)Ç) ntipiofiivoç î) ty à'iBXifi, /ji eat ty TroXifiifi, It. xvi. 590. 'Ev Tolç TÎjç (lovaiKiiç â^Xoiç. Isocr. Paneg. 42. £6Xoc, ov (rô), ittdXoy in poetry, prize of the combat : it is only in the plural that i6Xa = ddXoi, combats, games of the circJis : Mi/rrjo :r£pik,aXX£' aeOXa 0»7k£ [.lérrù) èy dyûyi dpinn'iefftTiv 'A^aiwi'. Od. xxiv. 58. Very seldom, and only in the Anthology, combats in war : 'A fjta fxty ftijyid^oy ' \\iXXÉoç toyn re xeipùç Evrooé'aç, ^ckÉtovç adXa Xtyu noXéi-iov. Anthol. ix. 192. Antiphil. Bi/z. âdXT)p,a, aroç (to), fr. dOXtw, prop, the toil itself, gymnas- tic exercise: "V-ipil ypn^/jnariKoO riroç aVoOffoi r»/i' ruXr/v dpxnioripay af^Xrj^cirw»' TTdiTwc (iVoç)aôorroç. Plut. Qucest. sgmpos. u. 4. In Theocritus, the implement used in any work : 'Eyyy0t F avro'iy Kelro rà roly x^ipo'ty àdXiiiinra, roi KaXadlcTtcoi. Theocr. xxi. 8. irâXt], i}ç (i/\ prop, tcrestling. Some grammarians de- rive it from ttuXt; [the wrestlers' sand or dust], because the 27. 27 wrestlers, after having rubbed themselves with oil, rolled (26) themselves in the dust ; but it is generally derived, with more reason, from TrctWw, because the two wrestlers shook each other violently, in endeavouring each to lay the other on his back : IlaXç KpaTtuyv. Pind. 01. 8, 27. iraXaiap.otrvvTj, riç (r)), epic, art of wrestling : "Oaaov Tripiyiyvô- ftiO' aXXuiv TTv^ Tt iraXaicriiOffVpy re. Od. viii. 103. TTVYfiaxiTl, r)ç (»;), epic, boxing match : Avràp à Tcvy (laxiniQ à\i- ytivi'iç GF}Ktv âtOXa. II. xxiii. 653. Uvy/iaxiTiç sv àyùaiv. Oppian, Cyn. iv, 201. iruyfAii, m (»/), prop, fist; hence, by ext., combat with fists, boxing : 'AyojvodtToîxriv afxiXXav 7rvy^?7c- Luc. ii. Jmor. 5, 403. irein-a6W, ov (to), the Pentathlum, quinquertium, the generic name given to the five exercises or contests enume- rated in the following verses of Simonides : "lo-Q/iia Kal TivOol. ùnoa<7i\tvç, àdXodérai, ri nu)do'7roir}Tt)ç avroi' iirrjiei irpog to dearpov napciftaç kv ro'ig dvcnraiaTOig. Aristoph. Pac, 734. It is plain from these passages that the paftEoïij^oi were not presidents at the games, as Ast says {Ind. Platon., voc. pape,). In Plutarch, lictor at Rome : To ^è eijaai Aarl- voi TraXai fiii' XiySpe, vïit' êè dXXtyâpe KciXodfriv' oQw o'l ts palocov-)^ot XiKTCopeiç at te pdf'icoi PctKuXa KaXovPTai cià to j(^pf}(7dai TOTE [iaKTr]plaig. Plut. Rom. 26. alCTU|jiinJTai, (t)v {o'l), a kind of magistrates, in the Odyssey, inspectors and managers of games chosen from among the people : Aîcvurij-ai ce KpiTol Èivéa ttc'ivteç drioTav h'j/Aioi, o'i tear dyiZvag ÈvirpiiaaEaKov EKaaTa. Od, viii. 258. LCf. 117.] àXuTT]ç, ov (ô), was at Elis, at the Olympic games, the same officer of police as had the name pul3èov-)(oç in the other cities of Greece. The head of these officers was called àXuTcîpxilÇ, ov (c) : 'O dXvTÛp-)(i]ç, ol/xai, ?) tùv 'EXXavociKÛJv avTiZy Eig. Luc. Hermot. 40. PpaPeurris, ov, and ppaPeu's, twc (6), the Etymologi- D 3 30 28. (27) cum Magnum derives this word [very improbably] from pcilicnc, because the judges carried a wand. Judge of the combats in the stadium, according to Pollux :"A9\wi- LriTTci- rnr teat /?pa/5£«c. Plat. Legg. xii. 949. Fig. Judge, arbiter : lioai^evTt'jy tXiaOui tijv Koytvv. Plat. Prot. 338, b. Too ciKuiov /^fja/î£V7»;ç ttmv i liKuariiç. Arist. Rhet. i. 56. àywmpxTjS, ov (ô), president or judge of the games, in Sophocles : Kat ràfid rtvy^i] fiiir uyw^ap^at riitc Qiiauva 'A^atoTç. Soph. Ajae. 569. 28 aEiSciv, an ancient form retained by the poets ; hence, by con- traciioii, q[8ei,v in Attic writers ; prop, to breathe out, to blow ; hence, to sing an air, a song: KaXôv àiiSovrtç nairjova Kovpoi 'A\aiwv, II. i. 473. Hence, with an accusative of the person, to sing, celebrate ; 'AiCovrtg ïntaOi ràv Siùç ovpaviav 'Aprtfiiv. Eur. Hippol. 53. YUpvtiv, fr. yriovç, prop, to speak loud ; hence, in lyric style, to recount, jiin<:, in Pindar under the Doric form : Et i' âtQXa yapvtv iXcfai, 0i/\o»/ j/rop. Pind. Olymp. i. 5. KcXaSetv, to resound, in Homer, speaking of the noise of waters: nap TTorapbv KiKucovra. II. xviii. 570. Hence, to make the air resound vilh cries and acclamations ; "Qç "Eicraip àyôpiv' iiri di Tpùtç KiXn^ijauv. //. viii. .">4"2. In lyric poetry, /o cf/tftra/e; Tiva diôv, riv' ijooia, rii'a c' âvfpa KtXuèifTopip ; Pind. Olymp. ii. 2: passage imi- tated by Horace : Quern virum aut lirroa lyrd vel acri Tibia sûmes cele- hrnre ? Od. i. 12, 1. ^i)^ir\Tpa Qtàv iiriKoaftoûvTiç l^aOîoiç fioXTra'iç KtXaëéiTt. Aristoph. Ran. 382. Xi^aîvciv (Xiyiiy), prop, to cry aloud with a sonorous voice: KiipV' Ktç Ô' iXiyaiior up' t)ol ^atvppti'y(piv. II. xi. C85. In the Alex- andrine poets, to sing : \pv(fky fônpiyyi Xiyaivwv. Apoll. Rhod. Argon. i. 740. Willi the name of the person, to celebrate : K«« ^ùraç t'Xi- yatvi. Km àtiSwv ivopivt. Mosch. Id. iii. 82. Xiyvpit*''*' (X'y'i'ôc)! synonymous with Xiyaivfiv, but very rare: Liicitii) : Toùç loyàraç XiyvpO^ovraç Tr)v Qfoiv^v ipSi]v. Luc. Lexi- phan. 2. ^cXirciv, fr. piXoç £iV«îi', to sing verses or hymns in honour of the gods, in chorus and with dancinsr; MeXn'ovrtf ÎKâipyov. 11. i. 474. "0:roi» TTH'TtiKoi'rn icojifiv rùir yijpyCiuv XT"' pîXirovatv iyKVKXwt, Eur. Iph. Tiiitr. 428. KaXoj; y' 6 irainv, piXirf poi Tovi' , 01 KvkXwxI/. Eur. Ci/cl. Cfi4. In Kuripides it is more frequently found in the middle, ucXTTfodai : HoXXar cV àv' ' EXXavuv àyôpovç OTOvaxàç piXirovro lU'TTdiwy TtKfiut' (jXo\oi. Eur. Androm. 1038. ^iXC^civ and |XfXit«rdai (/icXof), to chaunt, to sing, in .^schylus, to predict, because (lie oratlcs were jriven in verse: Kfii ri'f ai TiOijOi Saipwv viripj^apiiç îpiriTvwp ptXi^iiv nàOi} yoipà Oavaroipôpa ; 29. 31 JEsch. Again. 1185. "A virvç, aiVôXé, rrjva à irort raiç irayalai (?8) (itXîaSiTCii. Theocr. Id. i. 1. lioXiraÇciv (fioXTTT]) : T^v 2a>r«tpav ytvvaiioç rç (ptovy ^o\- na^tov. Aristoph. Ran. 378. vuLVCÎv, fr. v^ivoç, to sing a hymn, to celebrate in hymns : 'AttoX- Xojva vfiviwv àpyvpÔTO^ov. Horn. Hymn, in Apoll. 178. vSeîv, found only in the Alexandrine poets for q.hiv, to sing : Kai rà fiiv Sic vêkovTai. Apoll. Rh.W. 528. t{ràX\6iv (i|^aw), p.iallere, prop, to touch the string of a bow, or of an instrument of music: HtXraç 9' oaoi TràWovai, Kal ro^oJv x*P' \(/â\\ov(n vtvpâç. Eur. Bacch. 783. Hence, to play on a stringed in- strument: OÛK airrxvvy KaXàiç ovtui i|/âXXwi'; àpKeï yàp r]V (iaai- Xtvç àKpoàaOai }pn\\6vTiiiv axoXâZy. Plut. Pericl. 1. In the N. T., to sing whilst touching the chords, whilst accompanying oneself on a stringed instrument, to sing psalms : Kai Ty ovofiaTi aov »//aXw. Rom. XV. 9. 29. d8cX(f>(};, ov (6), in the epic poets àhXcpeôç and àhX(l)ai6ç, 29 from à and h\(pvç, answers exactly to uterinus ; hence, espe- cially, frater uterinus : 'A3fX(^w [xarpoç ê/c fxiâç. Eur. Iph. T. 497. In general, brother, in the wide meaning of the word, and without more special designation, Homer uses it for natural brother, brother by blood : 'O fier rùOoç v'ioç 'O'iXfjoç deîoio £(T(C£ Mt^w)', AÏavroç àStX>v (ô, rj) (àfiôç, aifia), of the same blood = cov- êangtiineus ; hence brother, sister: 'Eo/;/iov irarptpov îXirrfç iô^ov, iXtîv Ci KÙfii roi'ç àfiai- fxoi'aç loKii, consider that I too love my brothers. Eur. I ph. Taur. 1402. o~uvai)jios (Ô. »/), prop, consanguineus ; hence brother (modern): 2oi raCf, HÙV Oijptvrâ, âvijprr/aavro (Tvvaifioi CiKTva. Zosim. Aitthol. ii. 452. (ruvo^aip.uv, ovoç (o, jj), synonyme of the preceding word, and more ancient, found only in /Eschylus : "^.Ttvovaa ràv aàv ^vvo/iaipôvwv Ti Ttpiiv. Alsch. Prom. 417. ôfio-ycvcTwp, opoç (ô), fr. ôfiôç and yivoç, of the same race : 'At'tfitJKioç tl9t Spofiov vt(})'t\aç iroaiv ii,avv(Taipi ci' aiOtpoç irpàç ifi'ov ôpoytvkropa. Eur. Phœn. 1G8. yvuTiSs, yvojrt], prop, known ; hence relation, and particularly brother, sister, in Homer: Oiiêé vv rovyt yvwroi Tt yp^rai r( nvpbç XtXa'x'aKTt Gavôvra. 11. xv. 350. (TUyyovos (ô, »'/), of the same race, and, in poetry, brother: KXa'oi avyyovov, ov t\nrov iirifiacriSiov In jSpt^Of. Eur. Iph. Taur. 280. 30. 30 " Aict]ç, ov (o), (diStis, poet.) HADES oj aides, lit. the invisible, the invisible god, one of the surnames of Pluto, the god of the infernal regions : Tptiç yap r* U Kporov el^èy àti\ai ùcit:ovç l'iç Tn]\6y Tifa t:uTOpvrr(W(Tiy ty' Aicov, KHi KOfTMiw vCLjp ayayKu^ovai (piueiy. Plat. licp. ii. 3G3, d. nXouTw»', WVOÇ (Ô), Pluto, the etymology of this name is thus given by Plato : To îè UXovruyoç, rovru piy Kara r))y Tov ttXovtov Ci'taiy, ijTi i.K riiç yj/t vûrw^ïv ùittrat 6 TrXovroç tnwyufJiâ(Tdi). Plat. Cratyl. 40.3, a. 31, 32, 33 Tctprapoç, ov (o), Tartarus (regions of), which Homer (30) thus describes : "H ^iv IXwr pi\Lno iç TâpTapov j'/êpôtira rîjke p.â\\ //^i ftctOturoi' vno ^0o)'éç iarri Ijipedpov' kida aih'lpeiaî re irvXai teal ^âXKeoç ovèoç rofaov ti'epd' 'A'iêeu), 6(Jov ovpavùç Ètt ànù yuirjç. IL viii. 13 — 16. 'EpePoç, soç (rô), ace. to Bochart, cornes from the Hebrew EREB, black ; ace. to the Greeks from tpa ; E^iebus ; in Homer, the place of darkness situated between the upper world and the infernal regions. It was, so to say, the vestibule of the mansions of Pluto ; it was here that the dog Cerberus abode : 'Es 'Epéfitvç âsoi'ra cura oTuytpou 'Aidao. Il, viii. 368. Erebus has been personified by the poets; Hesiod makes Chaos his father : 'Ek: Xcuoç è' "Epej3nç t£ jiiXaLva T£ Nvl. kyii'ovro, Hesiod. Theog. 123. Ii'epoi, wi' {o'l), fr. kv and k'po, tJiose who are in or under the earth, the dead, inferi ; hence the infernal regions or hell : "Aro^ it'Épti)v 'Aiêujvsvç. II. xx. 61. i^6((>09. ov {(>), obscurity, and, specially, the darkness of the realms of Pluto, in Homer : \\icrjc 3' t'Xa^e î^6 ïdrjKa. Id. de Class. These two words are not synon. in Greek, as is manifest by the termination of each, but differ, as the abstract, injustice, and the concrete notion, an injustice {an unjust action, a wrong), 32, del and alei, adv. ever, always, used with the past, 32 present, and future: Ot aV ê^eû ahi ytiofievoi. Herod. iii. 142. èaaeî, adv. for ever, used only with the present and 34 33, 34. (32) future, ace. to Thomas Magister : 'AW i/»- n àpa II apx»7ç, kai (.(jrai tauii. Aristid. in Jov. 3. )^> continuously, constantly, without any interval or interhiption : vfily . . . «ruvej^wç fJ^xP' V'/P'^c Tuvra Trapt'xft»'. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 12. [iv)£xt; àii and all avviy^Coç are found combined.] dSiaXci'irrws, adv. (aotc't\£t7rroç), without ceasing : 'Acta- XetTrrwe iruoatv'^f.adi, N. T. 1 Thess. v. 17. TTcirroTe, adv. (râi'), evermore, at all times : Hôhtoti côç ilfùv tÙv aproy rovroy, N. T. Mark vii. 6. [late ; un- Attic] ètcooTOTc, adv. (tcaoroç), each time, every time, always : "lya tnireXoir) dynip 'ÉyeKci ÎKaXe'tTO écâorore ïttî r« Selirva. Xen. Conv. i. 14. Siafiircp^ç, through, from one end to the other, thoroughly, entirely : 'AXXo at (pi)fii CiafiTTifiiç àyXaiiîaOai. 11. x. 331. 33. 33 ScXXa, f}ç (?)), fr. âtjfii, violent wind, whirlwind: Avràp oy', wç TO irpôaQiv, ludpvaro 7aoç àtXKy. II. xii. 40. OveXXa, r]ç (>'/), fr. 9vii), furious tempest: 'Yirb ^i aripvoiai Koriij 'iarar' ànpofi'ivi], iiiari vt^oç »;£ QvtS\a. II. xxiii. 3C5. 34. 34 di^p, époç (»/ or 6) (a/j/it)» the lower air, in Homer, the air we breathe, whereas alOi^p, époç (ô), (aidio) œther, the ETHER, is the upper air, the pure air above the clouds : E(c È\('iri]y «i'a/3àc TripinifKtToy, »/ tot iv *^I^JJ f.iaKpoTnTi) ■7n(j)vv'ia ci l'iépoç aWtp' licaytv. II. xiv. 287. Hence it conies that a't'/p, in Homer, has more commonly the mean- ing of obscurity, darkness. Thus it is opp. to aîôpT), //ç (>'/), clearness, serenity of air : Ztû irartp, aXXù crû pïiaai hn VÎpoç vïaç W'^aiwy, iroirjnoy è' lùdpijy, êùç c' 6(p0a\ijo~tffiy ïcirrOai. II. xvii. 645. Aristotle gives another etymology of alOiip : Aiunep wf tTtpov Tiyoç otToç tov ttowtuv au)f.uiroç iraph yî\y Kai ■Kvp, KoX àépa Kai viiijp, ci'iOipa Trpoffujyopaffay Toy dytvTUTd) roiroy, uVo toîi Oelv aUl rti»' atdoy ^poyoy, Oifiitoi rijy ETTtoyvpJay avTtô. Arutciyôpaç f£ iiorokixp'?'"^' rjJ àvôfiuTi Tovrtf) ov Ka\û)ç. ùvofidè^ei yhn aldépu ayTi Trvpoç. Arist. de Cœlo, i. 3. 35. 35 85. doXtiTTic, oîi (ô), ATHLETE, Specially a combatant in gym- 35 nastic games, or in those of the stadium : 'AW uxrwep o'l cid\7]-n\ ov^ (irai' lliwrûiv yéi wfraL icpei-TOveç toïito civtovç £V(ppaiy£t, aX/V éVa»' Twy aVraywi'tffrôi»' i'iTTOvç, rovr avrovç dvici. Xen. Hier. 4, 6. By ext., a combatant in any games, and even in war : Kofi\Lorépaç h) -ivoç daKÎjatdûç lii Tolç TToXf/iuoTc àdXi]raiç. Plat. Pol. iii. 404, a. Fig. : 'E^ w»' Tra'jTfç ddXrjTcù twv KaXùu epyuv kyivovTO. Dem. in Aristog. 799, 16. àYwfiCTTriç, 0X1 {à), prop, a combatant, has a yet more gene- ral signification than ddXrjn'iç, which was properly only used in reference to the contests in the stadium : it was applied to all kinds of competition, even to that of the poets, who com- peted for the dramatic prizes : Oiic èKeivovç 'iyioys ETrairÔj o'ÎTii'fç dyuiriaral yevofitvoi Koi vtyiKrjKÙTEç ï']Ct) TToXXdiciç cat éùidv e-)(0)Teç ovtu) (piXoviiKovaiv &aT(. oh irpôrepav iravovrai, Trpiv dv îiTTïj'jépreç Tifv ûaKTjfnv KaraXvauttrtv. Xen. Hellen. vi. 3, 16. Fig. champion : IloAXoùc dytoyiaràç ë^STS ttjç dperïfç. ^schin. in Ctesiph. 569. à(TKT\rf]s, oil (ô), fr. dffKÉu), prop, one who exercises himself, one who practises or goes through a course of training [hence used for athlete, when there is reference to the previous training] : EÏ tic ye a/), lit. one who fights alone with another, hence gladiator in Plutarch and Lucian : Toû izarpoç dizo- Bnvoyroç dyùiya novo^d\u)r î)jj,épaiç ôXlyaiç ETroir](r£. Plut. Rom. i. 23. S6 3 -, 37. 36. 36 &B\ov, ov (ro), specially, prize at the g\'mnastic games, and, by ext., at all sorts of games: 'Aywraç ÎTroiti koi àSXa To'iç j'awat fityuXoirpnrwç icicov. Xen. Cyr. vi. 2, 3. Fig. : 'AW olctt'y w ài'Cpzç ' :\i)rivaiui, rovro KoKiLç tcflioç, VTi ravra ^iv karir «Trarra ro ywoia ùQXa rov iroXtfiov Keifxet'n iv jÀtat^. Dem. Phil. i. 41. €iro9Xov, ov (ro), prize in general: Kat iricjJTrrp' InaQXa riiaSt Xa^/3âf«( x^ovôç. Eur. Phœn. 52. Ppa^ciok, ow (ro), fr. (ipafyivc, modern, prize given by the jipalnvç in the public games : 'Oi/'è foporo'imy i7wK€ lipuiilfia rraiTft fi/iOoio. 0pp. Cijn. iv. 196. In the N. T. : Ovi: dicars, on o't èr araciui rpij^oi'riç, Ttdvrtç ^tv Tpé')(OV(Tiy, tîç ci Xa^jnlyei to l^paftûoy \ 1 Cor. ix. 24. viKr]Tf\piov, ov (rô), /jn.::e o/ vietory, or rather Me victor^s prize : ^11»' et raûra rà vtKrjrîjpia o'ia It) ilç trXridoç irptTrei, Xen. Cyr. ii. 1, 24. àpioTcîov, ov (rô), fr. âniirroç, prize of excellence, of bravery : To'iç ?è ^voaKoffiotç kcù ^eXiyovaioiç kpuTtaroic yivojjéyoïç apitrre'ia tcwKav koÎ Koiifj Ka'i lii^ ttoXXoIç, Kal o'iKE'iy driXtiav icoaav tÇ pov\o^Év(û àd, Xen. Hell. i. 2, 7. Y^pas, ooç {jô^, honorary reward: Kwi yipa lorlnv cal uBXa. Plat. Polit, vi. 503, a. Hence prize, in Pindar : 'AW Éyw llpoêôru) Tivyjbjv rù fiiv upfjari Tsdnîinnf) yipaç. Pind. Isihm.i. 18. 37. 37 atSwç, ooç (//), ace. to the grammarians, is formed from a and ùcùv, and expresses the feeling of sliame that pre- vents a person who has done a bad or disgraceful action from looking others in the face ; shame, respect for the feelings or opinions of men [hence, cither the fear of being thought ill of by another = shame : or, the fear of hurting another^s feelings = respect, reverence'^ : O'v^' tKilntrdir àià arpdTvv' i^X^ "/"P "'"'^C '^i' êioç. II. XV. 657. Ilâfft yàp drdpû)iTviaiy iniyPorioiaiv doi^o'i Tif-tf/ç ii^if.inpo't ùffi Ka'i allovç. Od. viii. 479. In writers subsequent to Homer, the sense of ai^ûç is softened. Ace. to Aristotle (Eth. Eudctn.u. 3) (ùcû>c, modesty, is the moan between dyniffxvy- 37. 37 rta, impudence, and ».-araVX»/$<ç, stupijied timidity : Auô)ç re. (."îT) A((T(TO« h' ilaiv' ij fxlv ov KaKr/, j/ è' a-)^6oç o'licwy. Eur. Hipp, t385 — 390. It is sometimes pei'soniiied : Geo»' yap où tiiv 'Araiciiay àXXà rijy Alêù) vo}iii!,uvai. Xen. Conv. 8, 35. aiayûvn], t/ç (>'/). Ace. to the definition of Aristoxe- nes and several other grammarians, alSois is the sen- timent of reverence which we feel in the presence of per- sons worthy of such feeling from their age, their virtues, or from some superiority or other ; and ai(r){6vr], r)ç (»/), shame, is the feeling natural to a man, and which his con- science calls up in him, after a bad or disgraceful action. To this distinction of the grammarians it may be added, that al(T-^vi'r] signifies also the fear of dishonour, as pudor in Latin, thus defined by Cicero : Pudor metus rerum tur- pium et ingenua quœdam timiditas dedecus fugiens laudem- que consectans. This meaning of the word may help to explain the following difficult passage in Thucydides : TloXifxiKoi T£ , . . yiyî'ôi^eda . . . on alcùç ^(jxppoavvrjç TrXe'iarov fieTt^et, ala')(yrriç êè tvil/uj^t'a, aiid ive are good soldiers, because modesty is nearly connected ivith prudence, and bravery with the fear of dishonour [it is better to con- sider aicwç and nlcrx^rr] as synonymous in this passage]. Thuc. i. 84. A((j-)(vi'r] is of date later than Homer, with whom aiêùç unites both meanings. After him the more recent poets often confounded the shades of difference in these two words, as Dion Chrysostom attests : ArjXoyôn Ti]v alêù) t'vv dvTi tï}ç aicrj^^vyrjc ovof^d^iov, wore 'iduç Ioti Tolç TTonjralç. Dion Chrysost. 13. [See 43.] aicrxurnqXia, ug (?/), disposition to the feeling of shame, timidity : 'H fxtv ouv hvvap,iQ d^j^rj Kal vXr) rov irddovc, o'lov ôpyiXoTtjç, ai€ia, aç (/;), the action of casting down the eye« from confusion or humiliation : i-o« yap tyw Kai tiriiTu tcarr]' iii] Kai ortidoç ttraofiai. II. xvi. 498. [late in prose : Plut.'j 38. 38 aifia, nroç (rô), fr. (uOu), to burn, ace. to some gram- marians, because the blood is the principle of vital heat ; hlood that flows in the veins, or from a wound : nu*,rtù ?è «T/Jwciyyfç àià TrXtvpûç rt Kcù w^ovç aifxari (poiviKoeaffcu ùrupa^or. Hom. II. xxiii. 7 16. Fig. blood, for race, famili/ : A'/^aroç t'iç àyado'tn, (i TToKdaaiTo \ùpaç aaVrowf. Jl. x\. 1G9. 4>', prop, to speak in a general or public assembig, to pronounce a panegyric upon ; to panegyrize : Aft Touç joovXofxivovç fxij fxâTi)\' (pXvapùi', àXXci Trpoi/fj-yov ri iroiùf Kal Tovç olofiét'ovç ùyadùv tl Koirov evpijKéi'di, tovç fièf âXXavç làv Trairiyvpl^Eiy. Isocr. Phil. 85, a. £Tr6v/ céXroç i) ■kovtov ?) yfiç iv Trrvyjiuc Tra^/;, é àvayvovç fuij yrw. Plat. Epist. ii. 312, d. aïvi7|xa, aroç (rô), seems a more poet, form, though it is used by Plato, whose style borrows largely from the language of the poets, ENIGMATIC speech, enigma : Ti'y}(;avfi hk -kwq alviyp,' tiibç ttoIç OiSl- TTOvç '2(piyy6ç jxaOwv. Eur. Phœn. 50. Ypt voiovtri vat avro'ic, ox!' "iptj^ ~po'/) (rrn pa, oI^tj), short and terse maxim, alluding, generally somewhat maliciously, to a custom or a fact, the mention of which would be necessary to explain it [or, at all events, the origin of it], but which is easily under- stood without this, by the application made of it : prorerb, adage : e. g. these two jjroverbs : Mf'it liovç kut' ir iSorcitrj, ox, keep to your pasture ; and 'A Kiaauç yur aytittrriipia, icy after the Authestcria [i. e. the festival of Bacchus at which ivy was worn], are applied by the Greeks to slow and stupid persons. "OOtv kui irunoijiidi tipijiTdi, wr, HXiÇ tjXikq rep- irei, Kui, 'Act to op.oiot'. Bristol. Rhet. i. 11. Theocritus uses Gij'oç for Tvapoifiin : A'ifoç dt)y Xiyerai tic, ijia Kcù ravpoc ày' vXuy. Idyl. xiv. 43. 42. 42 o-ii, u'iyôr (Ô, »/\ the common name for goat, whether he-goat or she-goat ; but the sex is almost always deter- mined by an adjective : V.'vpù)»' T; tXaipoy Kipaoy, */ uypioy aiya. II. iii. 24. Tore it at fity rovç iiiynç tovç apptvaç iêtcoit:t(Tay fit) Tr/rwertv «Trci ri/c Ki^uç. Pausan. iv. 20, 2. Tpâyos, ou (o), fr. ri wyo», he-goat, found first in the Odyssey: Ta o àpfftya Xtlne Ovprjipiy, àpytiovç re, rpci- yovç Tt. Od. ix. 239. epioç, ov {('.I, >/), young of the goat, kid, male or female, to three or four years old, ace. to the Scholiast on Theo- critus ( /(/. i. 6): 'Apyitiy >/c' ipiwy tViOz/iiot âp-a^cTitpiç. II. xxiv. 2G2. XÎfAapoç, (IV ((')), he-goat, more commonly in the fern, xîfxapos, ov (//), in Attic and Doric writers, young she- goal, a year old, which has not yet borne young : AUa ^' «;iot yfp'iç, iç rè Kanippi't à ■^if.iapoi;' y^t^âpift MiAô»' Kpf/f, tan K ù/itXijjç* Thcocr. Id. i. (j. 43,44. 41 XÎP'tupa, aQ (jj), for ai?, or, ace. to others, for ;^i'/iiapoç (»;), she- (42) goal : Kal ^I'^ajjoi Xaffiçcriv ((pnrwtvovcTi ^tfiaipaiç. U/jp. Cijn. i. 390. But the Sclioliast on Tliedciitus makes a difference between these two forms : Xi'^unpot ini Qr)\vKOv, ëwç tviavTOv, TovTiariv etuç àv TÉicwtTt Kai à/iiXj^ôùxnv à^' oi Sk référât »'; ^//iapof, ovksti ^'V^poç XéyiTca, ôAXà j^ifiaipa j) ai?. Schol. Id. i.G. C/«';«^C7a, a fabulous monster in tlie Iliad : ÏIçwtov fiiv pa XifJ-aipav àiÀaif.iaKÎT)]v iKiXtvffs 7re(pvk^tv, rj S' âp' trjv OiXov yévoç, ovë' àvOpwirujv, TpôcrQe Xéiov, ÔTTtOtv ëi dpâ- Ka»v, fiicrat] Si x^^^a^pa^ dtivôv ÙTronvtiovffa Trvpbç /iévof. IL vi. 179. Hence our word CHiMiERA. 43. aîcrxoç, eoç (t6), ace. to the etymology, something 43 that one puts away, or gets away from, Jilth of the body, dirt, nastiness ; dirt or rind of cheese, in Hippocrates : Kat Tvpoi' aiyeiov Tr-epi^éaavra tu o(/), fr. cua-yoç, a word unknown to Homer, and defined by the philosophers as éàjooç Slkuîov \l/6yov, the fear of a just blame. 1. Shame, the feeling experienced after a disgraceful or bad action : "Eotiv ovv ocftiç vpiLv olci -iva alnyyyrfv rrj ttoXel avfijSàcrav Eid tovto to ^p)j(pitTiJ.a i) x\^v- acr^oy y yéXwra, a vvv ovroç t'^/j , crvfxpljaeddui, eciy èyio aTtipayàificii; Dem, Cor. 26. 2. By ext., shame, dishonour, opprobrium, that which causes shame, confusion, &c. : 'LfJiep- CIÇ hk TréfXTrroQ i]pL,ey ala-xyyr] ndrpi^. JEsch. Pers. 779. 3. Act of dishonouring, outrage on modesty, violation of a female, stupratio : TvyaiKwv aîa^ûi^ac kciI ■^^^orjfxdrbjy cipira- ya'e. Isocr. Fanegyr. 32. alcrxporqs, rfToç (//), fr. alcrypôç, baseness, base feelings and disposition : ^Atyvufxirpiac re Kal al(Ty^p(')Ti]Toç yijiovaav T))y \pvx^))y tlhv. Plat. Gorg. .'525, a. al. 45 alxia, ac (I'/j, cause, sts. for blame, complaint, charge: Ot C£ iQui)^aL,ov, Kui Ktit)y (ilriuy ciu -»)»' Iciav tydoay tTrâyeii' fie Û7r£\a^,oa»o>' uuru. Derii. Cor. 47. KaTTjyopia, ac (»/), accusation, supposes a «rraver fact than a'lTia : Alria fitv yiip (piXioy uycpwv èffr'iy ctfÀuprayuy- TiûV Karrjyopia ^é, t-)(dp(Sjy àliKqaàyTbjy. Thuc. i. 09. alriafia, aroç {to), a verbal of rare occurrence ; in Thucy- dides and yTlschylus, subject of complaint : Kai lih rovro TU alrianu ixmpoy fevyeiy it; SToprz/c CoiniTuç fjciXaKKrOf]- vut. Thuc. V. 72. After Thucydides it is next found for ahiu, accusation, charge, in the X. T. : IloWà *.al /juptu aiTidfiura (pipoiTiç Kara ruv FlavXav à uvk jit^uo»' à~oct'tiui. Act. A post. XXV. 7. lyKXrifAa, aroç (rô), fr. tykoXtw, bill of plaint, bill of indictment [libellus acciisatorius : but I see no reason for making this meaning precede the more general one] : "tîç (fnfOL TO tyk:\i]iJ.a r>/c cïktjç ïjy vjrtp rovruy t\a-)(^ev avT

/t/\in-- TToi). Dem. 01. 1, 11.] SÎkt), t;ç (îj), action-at-laiv, hencc, cause, suit: Où^ vfiâç àirii rt'iç u'vriiç cinvoiaç Ct't ràç rt Iciuç CiKaç kui ràç tiji^o- aiu( K-piytiy. Dem. de Coron. 60. Sîu^iS, ha)ç (»'/), fr. ( lûftcety, legal prosecution : O't ci vôpoi TovTwy KfXtvovat rijy ^i(i)E,iy eJi'ui. Dem. in Ererg. 1160. 46. 46 àKTJ, T/ç (»'/', this word, the root of many derivatives, is only found in the grammarians, and never used but in some poetical compounds, such as rat'atjKi^ç (ô, >'/ [raraZ/crK. Spitziier^ ), loug-pointtd : Ei /uV Kti tfti Kt'iroç tXij Tayu- I'lKii )(aXk^. //. vii. 77. axis, ico(: (>'/), kind of dimin. of «v//, point, generally : 46. 43 01 ^£ Tl('ipOu)i' ftuaiXelç èufj.ivvioi'TO tÙç ÙKlcitç rûiv /BfXôic (46) )^apârro)T£ç uvtoi t^ai Trapad liyoyrtç. Plut. Demetr. 20. aKCdio], vç {>)), lengthened form of Ôk^, point of a javelin, spear, &c. : TvSiiSeu} d' VTrép wfiov àçxaTtpàv yXvO' àKwKi) tyxtoç, oîiô' £/3a\' avTÔv. 11. v. 16. Tliis form has been used by some modern prose writers : Aoy^'of Ct i7ç (>/), ^another derivative of cU'i/, sometimes point in the poets : 'Y^' al^aTtipaiç ytipectcri, Koi KEotuhoiv aKficiiair. Soph. Antig. 97 ô. 'bcKTyûroov o' ài^j.iciç ^uvj/v/za- fxti'. Eur. Orest. 1482. [Gf. 47.] alxfAii, J/c (»/), po/«/ of a dart, of a spear in Homer: néprjae c' cip' oorfo»' £t(TW a()(^») ^^aXi^eirf. II. iv. 460. Sometimes in Homer, Herodotus, and Xenophon for the dart or spear itself, hasta : Et^ot' .... àawilaç ktu ul-^jiaç ajjiiKpac, Xùy^ai ce Eirijcxa}' fxeyc'iXai. Herodot, vii. 77. By later writers it was sometimes used for a weapon of any kind. yXo>xÎS) ~ivoç (j;), fr. yXoiÇ, point or sharp end similar to that of the ear of corn, hence, by analogy, point or barbed-head of an arrow in Homer, according to Pollux (ii. 18) ; but in this sense it is only found in the compound rpiyXdixiv, an epithet of the arrow in the Iliad : "Ort jiiv Kparipbç ttoàç ' A^/)^i; . . . . ro tt (vt'i rpo»' aTztHuyLuuur. Polyb. vi. 22, 4. KvwSwc, oiToc (o), Tuna\cii(TTOvç, vara r£ fiiaoi' ror aî/Xô»' k-rwCo»"- raç rt7ro»;£xri\»w£u/i£)oi/ç, erTKpfwvç, Xen. de I enat. 10, 3. Metaph. the toolh for the point of the sword : Ilâiç a àiro- airûau) iriKpov rovè^ aivXov kiwCoitoç \ Soph. Aj. 1044. ^°YXT» */? ('/)> prop, iron-head of spear or dart : Ta Ik HKorTiu (.arto 7ra)'70?a7ra t^oiru ruç Xôy^Dç tv~XuTtlç raî ^vç»)i^iiç. Xen. de Venat. 10, 3. TrciYwi', w) oç (ô), prop, heard ; hence, by ext., any thing that grows or comes to a point like the beard ; plur. irûiybiviç, barbed-heads of arrows in the Scholiasts on Homer {ad Iliad, iv. 153). jEschylns applies it metaph. to a flame of fire : llt'/iTroufft ô' àrcuiuy-Eç àç.Oôiy fiéin fXoyàç fieyay nûyttiva. JEschyl. yigam. 314. oTiîpa^, uKor (ô), butt-end of the handle of the spear or dart, armed wiih iron, [an iron spike^ in the historians : To»' fiiv (]uKTi]ni(/., Tov C£ ry ari/pakt (.Tiûra^iv. Xen. Hellen. vi. 2, 10. Plutarch uses it in speaking of the end of a dart: Touroj' fiev ij to Kpâioç V7ré(pan'e ror ocdaXfior, àfwOJTt'ou arvpuKi TTntioy tic ùcptlXtr. Plut. Arist. 14. [Cf. anvpom'ip and ovpui-^oç above.] a-TupaKiov, ov (ro), diinin. of the above, which Thucy- dides uses in speaking of the iron-head of a spear [No : the iron spike of the butt-end would serve the purpose still better] : i^rupatci^ ukovtiov ùvti /3a\â>'ou yjp7]aâpivoç iç tov jjLoyXoy. Thuc. ii. 4. 47. 47 àKfAiî, >/ç (//), fr. àk//, prop, the edcje of a sword, only in the proverbial saying : 'EttI Ivpov ùk-^j/c, on the edge of a razor, found as early as Homer : Nû»- yap It) navTiatjiv nr\ ^vpuv 'laTUTUi UKfiTji; »/ f^iuXa Xvypot; ijXttipnç 'A^a«o7ç »/£ loiwini. II. X. 175. Hence, fig. ùk^Ii is used for the de- cisive moment, the crisis of a/fairs, the veri/ highest degree, the Jtowcr of man's age: IMtrpoc X(^'>>oç nK^ijç rà I'ii^oaiv tTt] yvnuKi, àyèpi èè Tti TpiâtcutTU. Plat. Pol. v. 4GI, a. oT6p,a, aroc {to), edge of a svvord, in the Septuagint and N. T. : Kal ntaoinrai oTofinri fta\nipar. Luc. 21, 24. In the ancient writers no trace is found of this meaning, but in the compound c^iaro/ior, double-edged. 48. 45 crro|j.w(ns, eioç (>'/), action of hardening the iron, and (47) tempering the edge to steel : "fio-Trep 6 ntcijooç ttv^vovtcu ttj Trepixpvl^i Kal êé^sTui Ti)y aTOfxoxnv, àvtSelç irowToy viro dep- /uôrj/roç, Kaï fxnKdKoç ytvvfxtvoç. Plut, de Adulator, ii. 73, c. Fig. (as acies, acumen, in Latin), for acuieness, address, subtlety : To aov è' àfli^Tai ^t Dp' VTrôjSXrjToy aro^a noWï]v (■Xov ffTÔfiuxTiy. Soph. Œdip. Col. 794. oTOfiajfjia, aroç (rô), effect, result of tempering the iron ; hardness given to iron by it ; "Os£t huirvpov (ncijpov TO (jTUfiw^a KciTaal^ecTac, à(j)tî\ETO ti)i' tic raWa ^(^peUiy /cut ivyaniv. Plut, Lye. 9. Fig. strength, reinforcement : ToOç àKfiai^orTaç ïri kcÙ TrpoBvnovç àyaXnftwy, ûjtnrep (TTOiiuJiKiy Tpi(T\i\iovç ytyofxiyovç, ilç Ti}v"\lir(.ipov àacpaXCjç èunépaas. Plut. Flamin. 3. 48. dKOueii/, 1. to hear, to hear with attention: To F ejuoi/ 48 kTjp a\i'VTai kv dv^û, od' vTrèp aédey «taj^e' ÙKovu). II. vi. 524. 2. to hear oneself well or ill spoken of, to have such or such a rep)ittation : Wkovilv àoiaTci liKaio(jvyr}ç népi. Herod, vi. 86. àKoud^eif and dKoud^eaoai, said to be synonymes of ÙKoveiy, are rather fréquentatives of this verb: Kai fiiv yXvKvç 'ijjipoç flpei dv/^û) aKova^oyra. Horn. Hymn. Mercur, 422. Ilpwrw yap kul canoe ÙKovâi^ecydoy kjiEio. II. iv. 343. "OaaoL tvi ^tydpoKTi yepovaioy a'idoTra ohoy ahl Triyer i/JolcFiy, ÙKovdi^eade è' àoiêoû. Od. xiii. 9. SiaKoûcik' (cta, dicovo)), to hear to the end, or to listen to with attention, peraudire : 'O èè eajKove irdyra iiciojç ocra tpovXovTO Xéyeiy. Xen. Cyr. iv. 4, 3. Hence to hear, in a special sense, to be a hearer of, or attendant upon the teaching of some master: " AXXol ri riyeg iv "LvpaKoixTuic Jjaav A/w- j'ôç TE ârTci èiuKriKooTEç. Plat. Epist. vii. 338, d. Aujkov- aiv 'AvTÎo'^tw TOI) pî]Topoç. Plut. Cic. 4. èiraKoûeii' (ett/, cikovcj), prop, to turn on one side to hear the better, to lend an ear to, to listen attentively : Kat tiraKovovdiv ii ttov TrXrjaiov (cXayyj) j) ^6ol/3oc. //. i. 4;}. ■nvvQayetrQai, fr. 7rf('0a>[?], prop, to learn by hearsay, to hear any thing said : TlevHiTo ov iraicog oXeOpor. Od. xvi. 411. wTaKoucrreî»', to hear u'ith all one's ears, to be on the listen, to be all ear, speaking of a spy or a curious person : Llç (LTCiKovaToî/yni: k'uï e'i ttwç aWwç cvrarrai nlatiâytaUai ti, ai]^aii oitv rip XpvrrâyTJ] o Ti »."a«f>ôc COKOit) tirât. Xen. Cyr. v. 3, 21. 'A\V d)rnt:ova-iLy naï iruXv- vpnyfjoyùtr ovrï)Kf.v tTri/jovX»)»' Kaifrnot ■KpuTTO^iiyr\v vit WxiXXa. Plut. Cces. 49. ^l'WTÎl^caôai, more modem form, to perceive by the ear, to give car : 'Evwriauadt rd piifiuru. fxov. Act. Apostol. ii. 14. 49. 49 ôÎKpa, f«ç (>;), feminine of the adj. tiKnor, used clliptically as a subst., the most elevated part, hiyh part ; hence, top, ridge : \\p\v yap TrôXtç j/Sf kut îÎKpijç népatTui. II. xxiv. 7-8. Later, citadel : Tore oDrw KaTeirXâyjjaay ruvç Ik KopiyUov ware ptTetrip\pctyT6 re rovc AaKtcatfioyiov^, Kat T>)y iroXty Kni rijy uKpay (fyvXctrrtiy avrolç irapicutKay. Xen. Ilellen. iv. 4, 15. aKpo^, oi; {to), the neuter of the adj. nkpor, is also and more frccjuently used clliptically as a subst., the end, in every sense, the top of u mountain : 'Wpij it Kptinrtwç iTpuaijiiiaiTo l'ûpyapoy ut:poy 'lèt]ç i/v/.»;\»;i> H- xiv. 292. 50. 41 Tleoyn^(wv rt irvpl Karnldirni repeiAra Kai irôXiç ciKoa re (49) Tsixéojy. Etir. Troad. 1296. Sometimes fig. the last, the highest degree : "Orav dt tic rJ/c àperijç elç âtcpov 'it^rjrai. Plat. Prot. 340, d. aKpis, 10Ç (v), epic and synon. with aicpn in the Odyssey, height: riy d' avT, w Ivarrjvs, ëi uKpiac tpx**"' "''^C ! ^'^- ^- 281. àKpwTTJpioK, ov (to), suTiimit of a mountain : 'Hwç re êii(paiye kcil èyéroyro èv à/cpwrTjjo/w too ovoeoç. Herodot, vii. 217. In Tliucydides and medical writers, the extremi- ties of the members of the body : Kat ei tic lie Tiiv fieyicTTiov Trcpiyii'oiTO, tmv ye. àkpWTrjpiwp àvTiXri\piç avTOV entai) lÂCiivey. lliuc. ii. 49. àKpoTifi9, r)Toç (>/), fr. ciKpoQ, an excellency of the high- est degree, a pre-eviinent good, in a figurative sense and in philosophic discussions : Aiô kutcl jiev tijv ovaiav Kal Tov \6yov Tov tL i]v elvui \iyovTa /xecrôxTjç 1(tt\v >/ àpeTï), KaTci êè TO âoKTTOv Kal TO ev àvpôrjjç. Aristot, Ethic. Nicom. 11,6. 'AKpi)Ti}ç fiif kaTL Trj êvvdfjLei Kal Ttj ttowttjti. Plut, de Virt. M. 444, d. 50. dKpoorôXioi/, ov (to), acrostolium, prop, the upper ex- 50 tremity of the gtoKoc, i. e. of the elevated and projecting curve, that formed the 'prow of the ancient vessel : the curvature and projection upwards of this poi-tion commenced [as from its base~\ from what would correspond to the prow of our modern vessels [See uffKaaTor, in this article : and the words aplustre and ÙKpoarTÔKioy, in the Diet, of An- tiqq.]. The gigantic and unusual proportions given to the whole prow, in the following passage, refer to the famous galley of Demetrivis, the description of which Athenasus has left us, and which may serve as a scale whereby to cal- culate by approximation the ordinary proportions of the ancient vessels. "Y\poç êè twc ÙKpotTToXiov TeacrapâKovTa oktÙ) Trrj^oj)'" àtrà èè TiHy irpvfxvriTiKUJv àv-)^i ^tdtn ui^tXaaroy ^xtrd y^ipaiv 't\(i)y. II, XV. 716. [See Diet, of Antiqq. s. v. aplustre, where the fig. will make the explanation here given clearer : " there was a correspondence in the general appearance and etfect between the aplustre which terminated the stern, and the àkpuiTTÛXiov which advanced towards it, proceeding from the prow." 76.] KÔpufiPoç, ov {(')), fr. kd'pa, prop, head, summit; in the plural KopufiPa, the most raised and curved part at the end of the Homeric vessel ; at either end in the Iliad : ^TiîiTUi yap vijbjy àTrot:()\ptiy uKpa K"opiiu/3o. //. ix. 241. But, according to the Etymolog. Magn., it was the ornament or beak of the prow only, which agrees with the inter- pretation of the Scholiast on Lycophron ; in this poet, in fact, this word expresses the ornaments of the prow ; hence, by ext., the prow of the vessel, in opp. to uÇiXaaro»-, which is also used poetically for the poop : " AcbXaara, Kal Kopvppa Ka\ KXt'icwy dpûyovç, Lycophr. Alex. 295. 51. 51 à.KTr\y îjç (>'/) (àyyv[.ii), rocky line of coast of consider- able extent on which the waves break : 'Eidtîiny to irpàç kffTTtpriv àicral èi'/), Ionic form, more poetic, and of the same origin as ùk-Îi: Avriç è' ijiôra fxtydXiiy vi/o^aSocffi kûXv^'H'' II- xii. 31. Sometimes, but in more modem Jioets, bank of a river : 'llioysç norapolo cat àantruy Ki'^^ei iiXaoç. ApoU. Ilhud. iv. 130. [Xen. Hcll. i. 1, 3] aîyiaXôç, uv (ô) (ayru^i, or a'iî), shore flat and sandy, beach often washed by the waves : iiv ore Kvfja -iroXvipXoi al jow OaXdaarjç ulyiaXÇ fityâX^ fipi^ETai. II. ii. 209. [77iJ/c. i. 7.] Av^i ^C (v)j ff- âyvvfii, prop, break, fracture ; in epic language KVfiaroç àyii appears lo be the compound word KVfiaru>y)) of Herodo- tus resolved, but at a later dale, by the poets. Tims the Lexicons and 52. 49 the E. D. give àyi) as synon. with cxlyiaXôç in the Ionic writers; but (51) it would seem rather to answer to our word breakers, which is used both properly of the waves themselves that break, and, improperly and loosely, the rocky part of the shore on which they break : OoXtj) S' iTTi Kviiaroc àyy TÎyyt TrôSaç. Ap. Rhod. i. 554. KUfAaTwyi^, î7c (»'/)> fr» K'î^jwa and ayi'Vfxi, according to the grammarians, the shore, because beaten by the waves ; but it is rather that portion of the shore on which the waves dash, the beach : Kal icripvKi'iior tipdvi] tni rtjc KVfj.u~ T(jjyf]ç KEifiEvox'. Herodot. ix. 100. [More correctly, KVf-ia- Twyr], Lob.^ Gis, Lvûç (»/), prop, heap of sand, sandy sea-bank (the French dune) ; hence, coast, shore, ahnost always with âXoç or OaXdacrric : B»; è' àicewv Tropa diva daXdatjïjç, IL i. 34. Sometimes alone: Qip" èy (pytciôem. /Z. xxiii. 095. [Cf. 259.] oxÔt), rjç (>'/), in general, elevation, rising groîuid, small hill ; hence, bank, steep side of a river : Flap' oj^dijaiv irorafio'io. Od. vi. 97. Sometimes used for the sea-side : 'Ev fxEv yap Xeiyuwj'tc àXoç noXio'io Trap' o^ddaç, vèprjXoi, Gd. ix. 130. irXaTajjioji', wvoç (o), (TrXaruç), in general, every flat surface, platform : hence, a broad flat rock, a flat reef of rocks on the coast, or even in the sea : 'Ep^j/c x"Pj"^0P**"' elpvarraro iriova épya Xeiu) Itti TrXorajUoJri. Horn. Hym. Merc. 128. priYfjiiv, Ivoç (Ô), fr. prfyvvjxi, abrupt and rocky line of shore, against which the waves dash and break ; breakers ; 'Ek Si Kai avroi jSaTvov tiri prjyfùvi 6a\âç tvroç 50 52, v^52) (iKorTia^aroç ov Trpotnjfirav to'iç ô/rXirniç (^within the reach of their darts). Xen. Hellen. iv. 4, 16. Sopu, aroc (to), wood or staff of a pike or dart of any kind ; by ext. the spear itself [whether used as a pike or as a spear. Lid. and Scott.\ Jn the Iliad the warriors carried two of them, of which they darted one only, reserving the other for close combat : Avràp o covpt cvw KiKopvQutia \n\KÛ> ttûXXw»', ktX. IL iii. 18. [Also in prose : ùç copnroç irX^yîiv. ùç côpv aY'^'Efff^cii, to come within the range or shot of (their) darts : iVt (tthoo, tlç) ci'jpv = to the right ; opp. tn-' ù(nrîèa. cool kXûy. Thuc.^ Cf. 186. Sopdriof, ov (ro), dim. of êôpv, javelin, spear in the his- torians : O'vre yap o'l 7r7Xot tareyof rn To^tvfiara, cvpâriâ. TE ÈiaTroKÎKXaff TO liuXXo^iiiov. Thitc. iv. 34. dyKÛXir], t;c (>/), prop, strap or thong of leather attached to the middle of a dart, and used in hurling it, amen- tum : ' E(Tri ce rt Ka\ ypocrtpu) fouèç IvXor, iK -^itpoc, ovk in àyKvXrjç atpteptior. Strab. iv. 3, 196. Hence, metaph. the dart or spear itself in Euripides : 'O pèv né-povç, 6 c àyKv- Xaç, 6 et s('Ç)oç npÔKioiroy èv y^^poly t^*^»'. £ur. Orest. 1483. ^l.iard.yKu\oy, ov (ré), javelin that was hurled by help of the leather strap called àytcvXj] attached to the middle of the staff: Kcù ttow-o f^ièy tÔ^okti tcai pttrayKvXoiç èpap- vâuttjOa. Eur. Phœn. 1141. aîyai'^Tj, »;c (>/), fr. ail, according to the grammarians, a kind of dart made use of in goat-hunting ; a hunting- spear : Avrika KafinvXa ro^a Kal alyaiÉaç coXij^aiiXoi'ç t'iXôfitd' Ik rijûv. Od. ix. 156. iraXre»', où (to), fr. TrâXXeir, that which is darted, dart : Wvri ye fn)y Coparoç KaiJ.at:iyov, eTTtiCi) Kni àrrdtytç Kai CviTipopuy Lan, ra Kpayiiya Ivo TraXrà pïiXXoy tiraiyoîi^tv (instead of a spear with a long shaft [ca/iiaVdoc from Kci^a^, a long pole ; Lidd. and Scott, with Rost and others, trans- late it brittle, but incorrectly : in perticiv niodum, Lat. Trans.], tre recommend two ttuXtc'i of cornel wood). Xen. de Re Equc.str. 12, 12. [It was stronger and more portable than the copv.'] YP6ct4)os, ov (Ô), kind of dart carried by the velites or light- armed troops of the Romans, in Polybius : to if rùy ypô- 53. 51 (T^WJ/ j3é\oç tXEl T(p flU' jllA/(C£l TO ^v\oV WÇ tTTlKaV civri'^v (52) 7W ^£ TTui^ei êa/vT'jXtaloj/, rti dt Kivrpov, (rnSafiiaiov kcitci TOffovroi' £7rt XeiTToy èt,tXri\ufjiéi'oi' Kui avvwivcr^ivov wore KftT àvâyKr)v tvQéojç àwo rj/ç Trpwrrjç è^jOoXiiç /cctjUTrre cOai, vfù ^// c!i/>'a(79at rove iroXefxiovç àvrt(iâXXEii'. Polyb, vi. 22, 4. ÛCTCTos, OÙ (ô), kind of javelin or s^ear named pilum by the Romans, which the heavy-armed soldiers, or has- tati, carried. Polybius has left us a description of it : Tiù)-' h' vacrwv eltytv oi fxïv rraj^EJç, ni ^e Xeirrol. Twy ce (7T£ps(i)ri^(i)v v'l fxèv orpoyyvXot iraXaiaT laiav k^ovfTi T))y CiâfXETpoi'' ol ce TeTpciywi'oi r))v TrXevpay. Ot ye fjrjp Xeirroi CTijovi'ioiç èoÎKacTi (Tvi^/xÉTpoiç, ovç (popoïiai fiera twv -Kpoeipi}- fiéi'ojy. 'AiravTioy êe tovtmv tov i,vXov to fiiiicôç èoTiv ù)ç rpelç 7r»/^£iç. Ylpodiipuoarai c' eKcicrToiç (SéXoç aici]povv àyKtarpiOTÙv, "icrov a'^ov to jutjkoç toTç ^vXoiç. Polyb. vi. 23, 8. 53. à\T|0i]s, f'oç (ô, >/), fr. à and Xoj'Oai'w, literally, that 53 which is not hid or dissembled, true, in speaking of what is said or related, in Homer : "Ei^rop, éirel fjidX' ctj'wyaç ù\r]Qéa fivf)})aaadai. II. vi. 382. It is often opposed to 4ievci)ç, false, in Plato: Tw Trors ovv rpoTru) Sola -iptvh'jç te icaï àXt]d))ç SijuTi' (piXel ylveadcu. Phileb. 37, b. dXT]9n'os, î], 6r, 1 . legitimate, in opp, to adopted in Plato : O'iç av Trcùêeç ^>) Kntrjrol, ciXijdii'ol êè wmr. Plat. Legg. ix. 878, c. 2. Verax, truthful ; that tells or speaks what is true : 'A^' j'/c, elrrer, Sifiépaç î/^âç ài'eiXr](pa, irpCJTOv èx^èç àXi]divCi)v Xôywr îjKovaa Tvep'i èfiavroîi. Plut. Apophth. 184, e. àrpeKi^s (ô, if), fr. à and rçkoi ', according to the'Etym. Magn., that which a man is not afraid to say or avow, frank, true, certain : 'Ek 5' àf^KpoTipoCiv àr^iKiç aiji tcratva iSciXmv. IL v. 207. Biôrov ë' ciTot- KÙÇ smTtjCtîiatiç cpacri fT(pàX\tiv ttXsov r) Tipirtiv. Eur. Hippol. 261. cTeôs, ed, eôi', fr. elfxl, that which is, real : "0/), and with reduplication è-n]TU|xos (o, if) have the same meaning as £-£Ôç : "Igke 'd/Evcea TToXXà Xiyuiv irvjiOKjiv ôfio'iu, Od. xix. 203. Kftrw c ovkItl vàtTTOç èrijTviJioç. Od. iii. 241. The form eTVfXoç, though poetic, is used by Plato : Tov ?iè Xéyei}' ervfioç ' [Hardly from either tosm or rp'fx'^- Compare traho, delrecto. Pape.] F 2 52 54. (.'>3) Tty^VT] urtv rov àXrjQtiaç ^; Trraiwv èiavot^. Thecet. 160, Z).] dKpî^riç, îoç (ô, >/), fr. ukooc, prop, exact, exactly Jilting, in speaking of a suit of armour: Toû aû^a-oç fit) ^irov- roç, àWci totÈ fxty Kvprov^ivov, Tort ct ùpQovfsivov, nûç hy àKpij3t'tç dûipctKtc ùnfivTTouy ', Xen. Mem. iii. 10, 15. Fig. exact, particular, speaking of persons : E/Vojtoc ci rov 2(y.t7rtwi'oç, ù)ç ovcèy céoiro -apiov Xîay ticpipoûç .... Plut. Cat. Maj. 3. [But also exact, accurate, of things ; e. g. iTTiaTtipi], iraiûiln, re'x»'»; : oil Plat.~\ 54. 54 dXicûç, £wç (ô), fr. «\ç, prop, lie who gains his living from the sea, fisherman, in general : Kcù ùytpii'iaOtn' rù TÛv àXiéujy. Xen. Œcon. 16, 7. oxnToXicOs, ktoç (ô), found in Oppian : rvpaXfoiç ^orâicKTat gai àyKÎCTpoiai ^a(poivoiç ârpo^oçâffTaXuî'ç imèijaaro SaicaXov i^Ovy. O/)/). Cyncg. i. 57. àcnraXteuTiis, oD (ô), fr. acTTraXor, which means^sA, accord- ing to Ilcsychius, who also mentions the etymology given by Plato of a-(j.y to \irur, to draw the line {_ofJlax'\ ; fisher, and principally angler, who uses hook and spear: Roi ^»)i' IkuvU y' ifvri l^îiTr)p.u TrptLroy, irÔTEpoy ïêiû)rt]y »; riya ré^yjjy t^otra Otrtoy tlvai rvy àaTraXievrtjy. Plat, Soph. 221, c. YaYYap,euç, ewç (ô), fr. yci'yyn/iioj', round net, fsher for oi/s/ers according to Hcsychius. Ypiireûç, iwç (ù), he who uses tlie net called ypiTTOç, hence, fisherman who uses a net: Bi'Vvuç (TicoTui^trai 'OXjrtç; ô ypnnvç. Tlieocr. iii. 2oûf, to metamorphose : Tt)y ^é^eaiy nou'i êiuKo- péyi]y in-ô Atèc Kaï ciç l-)^dvy fiiranop(()ovfiéi tjv. Athen. viii. 334, c. fAtTaTTOielk, to remodel ; to aller or make an alteration in : "Oc «'■ U[)\(i)y 7/ iciûjrrjç cùrioç i) roy dt^nôy avy\v6i}yai T()ic(, T; /AeTairoit'ia)] avruy, cîriyjoç toro* Kui oi Tta'tceç Kai Ta iKtiyov. Dem. in Aristocr. 640, 3. \i€7a'/rro»' tovt' eh'ai ôpdoy Ti) ^iTurtOty TGV irpuTipoy Ktifiéyov. Plat, Crati/l. 384, d. Sometimes to retract [prop, to change an opinion which one formerly expressed for another which one now wishes to adopt] : 'A/\Xà fjEra-iOEfiai to. t'lpri^iya Eiinp 'Hea-i. Xen. Menwr. iv. 2, 18. jieGiordi'ai, in Homer, to compensate, make good, that is to say, lo replace one thing by another, as its equivalent [rather, to place it back, i. e. virtually, by an equivalent^ : 'I'.yiti Toi Taiira f.ti7aaTiifTu>, fûrci^uit yap. Od. iv. 612. Later, in the intrans. tenses, to change one's place, to remove or withdraw from ; in the trans, ones, to change the place or position of; to displace, to tran.sfer : Tijèe ynp a(p' iy iipipff Ouyt'iy ^rtVowroi koi piraff-iiyai /J«ou. Eur. Ale. 21. 5(). 55 Fig. : YlpoTTiriaTUTOç lyivtTU rijv ctj^oKoa-îciy ^tTaarrjauL (55) £tc rove rerpaKoaiovç (^= to transfer the power of the demo- cracy to the four hundred) (cat èwpûirexiEy if iKsivoiç. Xen. Hellen. ii. 3, 30. oTpe^jetv, to turn, found sometimes, as vertere in Latin, in the sense of to change, but never in writers of the classical ages of Greek literature : Kut e^ovaiay t-)(^ov/), change of form, change of opinion, 5G the act of taking up another mode of thinking or acting, variation, physical or moral ; thus Plato uses it in a philo- sophic sense in speaking of the soul : Kat ovcéttote ovêcifjirj ovèaiuù>ç àWouoffiy ovCeniav iv^i-^ETcu, Plat. Phced. 78, d. H c' kv TiS avTiZ eiêii /dsmfjoX)) Ètil t6 fiàXXoy Koi yzTOV à\Xoiti)(Tiç kariv. Aristot. Phys. v. 2. dXXoioTTjç, jjroç (>/), fr. àXXoloç, diversity, diversitas : ^QKÉiL juei' oîiv Tci vov(TïjfiaTCi ovèev àXXïjXoKTii' èoïKÉrai, Cia rrfv àXXoiÔTTfTci K"ot àtof-ioiôrriTa TÔn> roTrwr. Hipp, de Flat, 296, 19. Fig. alteration: 'O ^' av TrXtjiAfxeXjifft] n tovtui' Iktoç ÙtviÔv, y Tcpoaiôï', àXXoiôrrjraç TrajUTrot/c/Xctç kuI rôauvç (pdopciç re àxiipovç Trapé^trai, Plat. Tim, 82, b. àXXoTpicjCTiç, e(t)ç (//), action of alienating, estranging, putting away from one : Koi vavriKTjç, koX ovk yTreipwrièoç Trjç î,viijj.a-^iaz CLèoixivï]ç où)^ ôfxola y àXXorpiioaiç (the con- sequences of rejection are not alike). Thuc. i. 35. It was afterwards confounded with àXXorpiÔTrjç : 'E6tcoih:tarav tt/p ryg ^ovXfjç kç rbv Kalaapa aXXorplijjtnv, Appian, Bell, Civ. iii. 13. dXXoTpioTT]s, r]Toç (//), fig. estrangement, abalienatio : Kat I'l Tiva erépay àXXoTpiorrjTd èveldeç tu èfxol Trpoç (TÉ. Plat. Epist. iii. 318, d. Tor ce KaXXiadévriy (rwiirra T))y àXXoTpioTijTci Tov jiucxiXÉwç êlç 7/ Tpiç èTTaituiTa Trpoç avrou e'nrdr. Plut. Alex. 54. lTepoTT)s, rjToç (>;), fr. erspoç, state of difference or cha- racteristic difference, in metaphysical discussions, in opp. to TavTÔTTjç, identity : Atà rù KÙKeîrwi' iKnrépwv jieTi')(tiv hepoTriToç kul Tavrôrrjroç. Plut, de Anim. Procréât. ii. 1013, a. 56 57. (56) ^Tcpoîuais, twç ()'/), action of taking another body, an- other colour : ace. to Animonius is only to be used physi- cally, alteration of substance in Plutarch : To cuiKpirùfxevoy )'; avytcpivu^tt'ov âfia rfjç ovcriaç rij trtpoiwati Kuï tov tuttov ^eTuWÛTTtiy àirofjatrôfittoç. Plut, de Def. Oracul. ii. 430, 0. éT£poiÔT»i9, r)TOQ (»'/), fr. tTipo'ioç, State of alteration, dif- ference : O'vCt fÀijy ijjOL()Ti]ç y£ ovct enpoiÙTriç ovre ttooq avrù ovre npùç ràWa tir] ci»' aùrw. Plat, Parm. 104, a. 57 âXXoç, other, used in the case of more than two per- sons or things : INItrà ce tovto, a\Xo -pi-or ao^ut i^i'iyiru. Xen. Cyr. viii. 3, 6. Irepos, one of the two, or of two ; other, another is used in the case of two persons or things, or again, in a sen- tence composed of two propositions : uç, or a (^é, or t-epoc, or sometimes even uXXoc, is the correlative, cither expressed or understood : EJ yoo ^») oiôr Tt fitTÙ tov awfiaroc ^ir/cti- i:(tdapù)ç yvûn'ai, êveli' dunpoy, y oiilafioî) tan i^riitruadm to tictrai, »/ Te\tvT>jtTci(n. Plat. Phccd. 66, e. It is often found, and even in Homer, useçl, as aXXor, in the enumera- tion of more than two objects ; e.g. in the following pas- sage, where it stands for cevrepoç : Tun- t' triuojr Tlàinç VPX^ *■"' AXkciOooc . . . TÙy H TpiTioy "EXfioç. //. xvi. 93. Sometimes even when the precise number is given : TéVaproç Toivvv trtpoç yopoç iffrîy. Dem. in Theocr. 1327, 18. From the notion of duality, belonging essentially to êripoç, arises the impression of opposition, contrariety con- veyed by it ; and thence it is, that tTtpoç has been some- times used by euphemism in the place of Koicog- : Elcropùiy ùtç Trâyra ^tiyà KÙjntciri'vywç /îooroîç Ke'i-ai, iriidûy fièy tv, nadûv H dàrcpa. Soph. Philoct. 502. "Oo-a irwvort -l'i irôXtt yîyoi ty îj yîiy tariy àyaOà >*; dûrtpa. Dem. in Andro- tion. 597, 13. But as this signification has its source in the superstitious feelings of the ancients, ever anxious to avoid words with evil associations, from thinking them of bad omen, and likely to cause some misfortune or other, it would be in direct contradiction to this feeling to translate this word by bad or evil, as has been improperly done bv all the commentators ; the term the contrary seems the only one that answers exactly to the notion of the orij^inal. 58, 59. 57 58. aXXoç, other, has more reference to kind and species : 58 "AXAo aifJpwTTOç, âA/\o 'lirrroç. "lior' 'tp>j^ . . . ôpju»/(T7j Treêioio Biôji^Eiy opvtov ciXXo. //. xiii. G4. dXXoîos, different, other, refers more to quality : 'AX- Xo7ûç /.lot, s£7i£, (pâvqç viov, i)è ncipoidEv, Od. xvi. 181. dXXôxpioç, a, that which belongs to another, another's, others', not one's own, strange, alienus : 'Ettci àWôrpioy jSio- Tov vr]iTOLVOv ïcovaiv, Od. i. 160. 59. dXjxupoç, â (ct'XjUj/), 1. salt (adj.\ speaking of the sea: 59 'E-tpwOt ci h'la Xâpyj^êiç êeiroi' urEppoificrjas. daXûcrcrjjç àXjdvpàv vcii)p. Od. xii. 236. 2. Salt (adj.), salted, in speaking of meat, provisions : "Ov//a H xp») aweffKEvaaduL oaa ÈtTTiv àiia kcÙ ^pijuf'a ical ctX/xupâ* ravra y ho Ètti (t7t6v TE ayEi Kcù knu TrXt'KJTor hpKEl. Xen. Cyr. vi. 2, 11. âX(XTÎeiç, {(Ttra, poet, synon. of àXjuwpôç, found only in /Eschylus: 'Avà TToXvppvrov aX/fqEVTa Trôpov. ^sch. Suppl. 840. dXp,ûSir]9 (é, ?/), sait (adj.), brackish, salsuginosus, in Hip- pocrates and in Theophrastus : 'En-tt ra je iv ro'iç ctX/iw- ^£<7t y Ka\û>y ii^ir)'ip(oi' (= îi^iviâpujv, half-fresh only ; i. e. half- salted) f/ rwv Tupi-^y]pù)y aiXovpuv. Athen. iii. 118. Tapixeuôeiç, prop, salted, or pickled, embalmed. Plato uses this participle in speaking of the process followed by the Egyptians in the preservation of dead bodies : ^vfiireffuy ■yap rô acD/jci cat rapf^^tvdty, lïiantp ol iy AlyvTrru) rnptytvytV- reç àXiyov 6\oy ^irti à^ii-^^avov vtroy ^poioi'. Plat. Phcedr. 80, c. Herodotus has preserved to us a valuable detail of the course pursued by the Egyptians in embalming bodies. It appears tliat salt was one of the chief ingredients em- ployed for this purpose : Tavrn EÈ ■Koiiiaumc rapiy^evovai yi-py Kpvxpuyreç îjjjcpaç tjiêofiytcoyrn. Herodot. ii. 86. Almost every ancient nation practised the art of embalming; and it is given as a proof of the skill of the Egyptians in this art, that their mummies, and those of the Guanches, ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands, are the only ones, according to some historians of Egyptian origin, that have come down to us through a series of ages. But it may be presunu'd that the influence of climate has not been the least considerable in effecting the wonderful jjreserva- tion of these nuunmies. TÔpixoç, tor (70), ordinarily, salt or cured ^fish, salt meat : 'V.ttI ruT»; 7rû\ator«r, ov -t) rapiyoç liirtor. Aristoph. Equit. 1247. It is used by Herodotus for an embalmed body, mummy: 'On K(n ndytiot: khl Tupi\u<: iwr, citinuiy npoç Otijy t;^£( rùy ùcckto^ra riytatiat, Herodot. ix. 119. 60. 59 60. aX i-iérpa /uu\/j®aVou àXcplrov ciktijc. Od. ii. 355. Subsequently, and only in the plural, aXcpira, barley-meal : Qpt\pot'Tai ce èc fièy rùiv Kpidwv àXcpira aKtva^ô^woi, Èk êe TÙ)v Trvpùiu âXevpa. Plat. Pol. ii. 379, b. By ext., thç bread made of it : "AXipir ovk heariv kv -w dvXdicio. Aristoph. Plut. 763. â\4>i, Epic, by apocope, from aXipiTOv: 'Avinyt i' àp' aK(pi Kal vSwp ôovvai ixiS,aaav TTUiMtv y\r)x(ovi Tiptivy. Hymn. Cer. 208. akeupov, ov (to), fr. àXeveir, prop, that which comes from grinding ; hence meal of all kind of grains, and pulse ; but, ace. to some grammarians, specially flour of wheat, wheat-meal ; which is plainly its meaning in Hero- dotus, Plato, and Xenophon : ' AXsvpa. re Kal aXcpira tiroUvv Trdureç ètti /i>/''«c (tv)(^>'ovç. Herodot. vii. 119. In Homer this word is not found except under the Epic form aXeiap, aToç {to), in the plural only ; "Ej'0' apa ol fxiiXcu e'iaro . . . rrjaii' cûiêiKa Kâffai Èirtpjjùoi'TO yvi'alKeç âXai;û>y Ktù àpôlyvjy ■Kt'/), fr. âyvvfii, feminine adj. used substantively by the poets, with the ellipse of Kpi9i]: or better, ace. to Hcyne, of i.CuiSi}, barley bruised or ground ; 'Avcpi cÎk' ovk ûKnf /isyac TiXapûyioç A'iaç ôç OyTjTÔç r ût] Kal ISoi Arj^i)rtpoç àKrt)v. II. xiii. 322. Some- times with âX^iroi', coarse barley meal ; Ilaoà ë' àX^irov hnov àKTi)y. II. xi. 631. aXT]To»' (ov, t6), a form often used by Hippocrates in the sense of aXevpoy, and of the same family, iclieat-Jîour : Aicôrai . , . ù.\i]Tû>T£poi TE. Athen. iii. 115, d. Kpip.vov, ov (70), fr. kpiyu), always in the plural, Kpifjiya, grains of wheat or barley, coarsely bruised or crushed, and just passed through the sieve, cremor ; thus, ace. to Galen's explanation, Hippocrates calls Kpi^yn àX(piTov ra ùcpofXiptaTipa Tu/y àX(f)i-wy. Galen. Exeg, 9Ô, Kpl^ya àXiftirov. ovXai, wv (nt), ace. to the grammarians, Ion. and poet, for oXai, fr. llXoi,', whole, by ellipse of icpiOai, barley ; but Buttmann derives it from (iXiui, to grind, from its analogy with the Latin viola ; grains of barley whole, wiili merely the hu.sk off, and mixed witli grains of salt, which were thrown upon the altar, or behind the horns of the victims in sacri- fices. .\cc. to Eustnthius, this practice look place in commemoration of the discovery of the use of barley, the earlier food of man : 'Ertpp S' ixtv ovXàç tv Kavi({>. Od. iii. 441. oiXoxvTai, ùtv (ni), fr. oXoç and xvrôç, prop, grains of barley thrown or for throwing, differing from the preceding, ovXai, but whicn cannot signify the act itself of sprinkling the barley, as has been pre- tended : the sacred barley in the Homeric sacrifices: Airtip Inii p tvi,ayTo Ka'i ovXo\vTaç 7rpoj3aXoi'ri). //. iii. 458. By e\t. it is aUo used for the vessels themselves, or baskets which contained the sacred barley : ruiwr tV nr^tjXilra Né(Tra;p x'(pvij3d T ovXoxvraç T( icari/p- yero. Od. iii. 444. irdXt], ;;v (»/), Jinest sifted flour, flos farince, pollen, ace. 60. 61 to Eustatliius : ace. to the ancient grammarians, it was (GO) especially the finest wheat flour, but it is found several times in Hippocrates used in a more general sense: "H aiêtju {*' a peach," Pillon ; al. a pomegranate) iiliicrai, kqï ■!repiXé\pai kcù rà ïvôoi' rpifoetr kv oii u) fiéXari tvv -koKy) à\- (ptTov TTulr. Hippocr. de Mulier. Morh. ii. 667, 33. iranrdXT], -qç (Ji), reduplicated form of irclXr], and more common, /ios farince, pollen, fine meal : Ma t6v At", ov '^tvati yi i-iE, KaTairaTTOneroç yap TranrciXr] yzvi](70fjLni. Atis- loph. Nub. 262. ^vXXa jdrjicwioc kuI ai^iu avv TranrdXt] Kpi- Qitri iiriridiTi. Galen, de Remed. Parah. ii. 4. iratmraXT), t]ç (t)), used only fig., the least possible thing, the smallest thing : "Yttvov è' ôp^ ri/ç vvktoç ovëi naffndXjjv. /Irîstoph. Vesp. 91. iraiirâ\T|(i.a, utoq {to), used only fig. for that which is the finest and most subtle possible : YivKvoraTOv KtvaSog, rpipfia, ■Kanrd\r)(i' oXov {a fellow made up of subtlety). Aristoph. Av. 430. The poet, form TraXTiiJia, of a later period, is found only in Nicander: "AXXort tt aTré(>aSoç ki'i^i]ç juvXofpyÉt phywv repaaivoiç èçôjioio TraXrjpaTt. Nicandr. Alex. 551. mxûpoi', ov ijo), bran : Nûv dvnw rà irlrvpa. Theocr, ii. 33. To le Tvirvpoi' avu o^ei cpif^iil kibrjdÈv XeVpae n(j>- i(TTr)en KaraizXaaaô^tvov Oepfiôr. Dioscor. Mater. Med. ii. 107. o-€p,i8aXiç, fwç (>/), Vossius derives this word from the Phoenician semid, which is found in all the oriental lan- guages, as w^ell as at the present time in some languages based upon the Latin, which have taken it from the Latin similago. This, ace. to Coray, is the origin of the French SEMOULE. Ménage rejects this etymology ; but these changes of signification for analogous words are not uncom- mon in languages. The finest meal, fine fioiir ; flos fari- nce, Coray thinks that with the ancients ffifxleaXic was the finest wheat flour, and TratTraXjj the finest barley flour; Eiip/jrat on mf^iiêaXiç /cat •^ôp^poç î(pdoç (Vj^upà Kal Tpo(pi[xa, Galen, de Aliment, i. 6. CTiXiyi'iS, fu)ç {)]), a modern word, which Vossius properly considers to be of Hebrew origin, but formed immediately from the Latin siligo, which is scarcely probable ; it has been unskilfully confounded, as to meaning, with cnpiicaXiç \_"fine meal of the spring-wheat {siligo), finer than the aejjitêaXic, which was previously used by the Greeks." Jacobitz and Seller. So Pape, and Liddell and Scott] : 'AXX' rj fjity 62 fil, 62. (60) uf^ièuXiç 'E\\r}viK(iy re tcni TrnXaiov uyof.iù ÎTriy, rriXiyviç et où)( E\,\rjr(»:ôj' /j£»', trtpwç ce (iv~i)v oio^di,uv ovk l\*>>- Galen. de Aliment, i. 2. XÔvSpos, ov (ô), prop, grain ; hence grain or groats of spelt or wheat, alien, and by ext., the kind oî broth or por- ridge that was made of it : Kni /^i)»- Qijtvl/w y avroy 7rapé)(^u)y (irrn irpeffjouTr} ii/|i(^oa«, -^ôycpoy Xïi'j^îir, ^Xalra»' /in\aio'/i-. Aristoph. Vesp. 737. 'Ea^ Ct rt cttoiat yt\j;c tcn^icfjç ei £K(i, cicôyui ■)(^ûyCpoy îj TTTKTcli-tjy irvpiyijv (^If you teish to give him any thing to strengthen him, give him alica [or groats] or a decoction of wheat). Ifippocr. de Affection, i. 527. wfXT] Xuais or (Lfii^Xuaiç, iu)ç (»/), prop, raw, uncooked meal, the name given by Galen to barley-meal : To fxty ariTruf-iiyoy ai/rv Ka-iTrXaaa Cià Koyiaç oraicrf/c >^o.i- w/^'/C \vve(i)ç, ovrti) c 'iaOe jie KaXovyra to Kpidiyov aXtvpoy, Galen, de Compos. Medic, per Gener. iii. 711. 61. (Jl S|ia, adverb of time, at the same time: Ot c" ufia vdy- T€ç kafiapTdvei. Xen. Hellen. vi. 1, 15. Siafiaprdi'eii', prop, to miss the way, to miss reach- ing a particular point, prop. : 0« hi kcù àniQavov êiafxap- TovTiç, Tîbv kioliov. Xen. Anab. vii. 4, 13. And fig., to be deceived ov disappointed : Kai twv Ikirihayv àivuaùjy hir)}xap- TïjKOTeç. Isocr. Paneg. 26. e^afj.apTdi'ei.i', very seldom prop, to miss an aim ; to aim a blow unsuccessfully : Ilaûu' tovc IvavTÎovQ êeîjffei ovèèy (^vXaTTOjueiovc, fxi] ti ■KaiaavTEç £s<"/ £7r- lariifxivoi. àfiiporépojOi TrXrjfifuXovaiy. Xen. JMemor. iii, 4, 12. vTrep^aivtiv, to go or get over, to clear (an intervening ob- stacle. Sec), to go over to the other side : KtVXcro ?£ Tpw£(T- «Tt»' £Xts«^£i'oc cafl' oniXuy r£7x"C vT£p/7aj'»'£c»'. //. xii. 467. Fig., to transgress, violate : "Ore kÉv tic vKtoplirf Kai àfiâprr]. II. ix. 501. 'YTTfpjinyTtç rùy tùv àrayt.cuwc opor. Plat. Polit, ii. 373, d. (0£(lii') roc iziaTtiç vTTtppâc. Dem. in Epistol. 153. 63. ()3 âiiireXoç, ou (>'/), /)/oh/ of the vine, vine, the tree : Am- (TKOTTwi' )/co/itat rttc Aqfjiyinç àfnrîXovç tt imrniyovffiy ffCq. Aristoph. Pac. 1161. àfiircXoS»', û,yoç (ô), ground planted with vines, vine- yard : 'II 7r£7pa i^ilale yji)î]tn^ioy tlyni ftijcèy ainipiiv iv Tolr à^i-jTiXÙKTi' Trapcttpilrni yap T))y Tpo/), prop, blossom of the vine, poet, fntit of the vine : O'iya 0' a i^adai.iépioi' arâiieiç rvy iroXvi^apTrov ohârdnç u'laa ftôrpvv. Eur. Phœn, 236. In Dioscorides, blossom of the wild vine : Ohàidr] KaXe'iTai 6 Trjg àypiaç àfiTréXov Kapiréç, ûrar àidij. Dioscor. V, 5. olcds, âloç {{]), ace. to Hesychius, ground planted with the vine ; the vine itself in Athenasus : 'E^ ov ftorpv- ùiaa olràç i/7ro)(0ôrioi' irrvpdui' àva(ryof.iii'ri daXepw îTrrv^aro Try'iy^Ei. Ion. ap. Athen. 447. oïnf), r]ç (Ji), an old word, having the same meaning with the ancient Greeks as âfnziXoç, vine : Tovtov è' Olrevç iyét'ETO, kXiiBUq and twv c't/XTrtXw»'* ol yap TraXaiol "EXXtjveç olvaç EKfiXovv ràç àfinéXovQ. Hecatceus ap. Athen. 35. Ot ê' Irpvyuyv v'ivaç êpEirài-aç iv ■)(£p(T\v 'ij^oi'Ttg. Hesiod. Scut! 292. olroireSov, ov (to), neuter of the adjective ohÔTrecoç, used substantively, ground planted with the vine, vine- yard : To ^èy ij/j-KTv ohoTré^oio. II. ix. 579. 64. dmyKdieiv' (araycjj), to reduce to the necessity (of doing 64 any thing), to oblige, force, compel, is used only of animated beings, and principally figuratively : 'O 7ror?)p k-KifXEXovfxevoç OTTojç a)'>)p ciyadoç yeioifirjy i]vâyKuai j-ie Trarra rk '0^i]pov tin] fjaOtly. Xen. Symjyos. 3, 5. Plato uses it in a philoso- phic sense, to compel assent to certain reasoning, to convince by argument : "On ^iy roirvy dOc'ii aroy xl^vj^r), /cat 6 ap-i Xôyoç Kcii 01 aXXoL àvayicciaetay ay. Plat. Pol. X. 611, b. èlamyicâ^en', to drive away with violence, to use violence in driving away : Tijy dpylav ■KXrjyaiç èS,v TToXefiiujy et(rtv, ovo£ (ô, if), without reproach, htnce perfect, accomplished, epithet t:iven in the Iliad to heroes, .ind to Aiuiroiuathe : "Ecrup 5' ù)Ç ovK ly^ov ù^vftova rtrftiv ûkoitiv. II. vi. 374. àfikw(XT]T09 (ô, il), irreproachable : Boi^Xp YlovXvtdpiavTOÇ àfiwpiiroio iriOov ro. II. xii. 109. âfiufios 'ô, »'/), synon. of àfivputv, but more recent, in Theocritus: 'ïàv ovS' âv riç âpwfioç, kmi x 'EXévf iraçiiaioO^. Theocr. 18, 25. àfajjitipTTjToç (ô, »/), one who has not erred, offended, one who is not in the tcrony : "On pèy ruiyvy ô Xapt^rjyuoç ovre TÙ>y ava/iooD/rwi' t'lrri npoç Vfiâç oùrt rù»»' tya fxif rt 7râ0w(7t ravra t'vpi(jKOfiiyu)y, idffio. Dem. in Aristocrat. 6(il, 25. ak-eyKXtiTos (ô, »/), one ayainst whom there is no com- plaint, or, whom none can accuse: Tù>y rt ypa^tVrwr Trtpi ApTraXou ptnn rd tf^un vinpHy^itya dytyt;\i]Tov 7mroÎT]K{ T»iv iroXiv. Dcm. Epist. 2, 1470, 22. 66, 67. 67 àfcleXeyKToç (ô, //), one who is not or cannot be con- (65) victed of wrong, free from reproach : "On tov Karrjyo- pijaorra tCjv aWwr tcai iràvraç Kpivovvra avTov dvEÎ,i\(.yKTOV vKà.p-)(j.iv êû. Dem. in Aristog. 782, 3. dk'€iriTifiT)Tos (Ô, ?;), who is not or cannot be taxed, censured, or blamed, blameless : Aio êe'i ai te tCjv tTrairuv à^iov ehai èô^avra Kdfiè tî}ç aijç (piXiaç di'£T:iTifir]TOv ùvai. Dem. Erotic. 1417, 12. dfeiTiKXTjTos (ô, j;), one who is not called into judgement, or accused: 'iiç è' avrojç ÏKàcTio tCjv àWwv àp^^^oi'rtjv aVE7r<(cX/;rov avrov ovra, linfXEXilaQaL koX tÙ)v v0' avrcj) àp\6v-u)v. Xen. Cyr. ii. 1, 16. àkeirîXirnTOS (é, >/), irrépréhensible : Oï è' av ai iv To'iç teXeIoiç êiayévwi'rai dvEivi\r]irTOi, ovtol tûiv yEpairépbJV yiyvoPTai. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 15. 66. amXyiis (ô, >/), a and aXyoç, prop, vnthout pain : Ovk QQ urpojToç idTLv ovè' âvoaoç, ovc' dvaXyîjç, àfofioç hè fiivEL Kai aXviroç. Plut, de Stoic, Diet. ii. 1057, d. Fig. insen- sihle : 'AvaXyfjç fièy yàp ù dvaiêijç npoç t6 aîff^pôv. Plut, de Dysop. ii. 528, d. di'dXYt]TOç (ô, 7/), an older form than aVaXyjjç, used prop, but oftener fig., of little or no feeling, indifferent, in- sensible ; hence cruel : "^juoi dvaXyi'jrwy ckto-wv éôpojjiraç âvavcoy 'ipyov 'ArpEiêàv. Soph. Aj. 960. T^ te av-rj i^rjfiiq. dt,ibJ(7arE dfivyaadai, Koi fjii] aVaXyTjrdrepot o'l ^ta^ev- yovTEç tQv ÈTrifiovXEvadvTtûv favrjvau Thuc. iii. 40. Soo-dXyriTOs (o, j/), found only used fig., insensible, bar- barous : L^vadXytjToç yap av Ei.r]y, roidi'^E fit) ov caroi- KTEipwf ECpav. Soph. Œd. R. 12. 67. àv-djinfiCTiç, fwç (/;), action of recalling to one's own mind, gy recollection : 'Hyulv >/ uddrjaig ovk dXXo n ?) dvdfxvridiç Tvy- ydvEi ovaa. Plat. Phœdr. 72, d. ÛTTÔjjin^o'is, £wc (»/), action of recalling to the mind of another ; of reminding another : Ovkow fxin]jiriç, àXX' ûiro- ^vt]crEo}ç (pdpiJLaKoy EvpEc, Plat, Phœdr. 275, a. G8 68—70. es. 68 dcarcXXcii', to rise, in speaking of the heavenly bodies appearing in the horizon, though used of the sun only, ace. to the grammarians ; it is found however in Plato applied to the moon : 'Ai arAXorrôc r£ )/\(0u Koi ai\î]\'j]ç, cai /rpèç hvfffiùç iôi'Twy. Plat. Legg. x. 887, e. ciriTeXXet»', to rise, is said only of the other heavenly bodies, when they appear in the horizon [especially of the cosmical rising of the constellations that mark the seasons] : Tor' àarijp 'Apcroûpoc irpoXnrtjy poov 'i2«a»o7o irpGiTov irafi- '/), the [cosmicul~\ rising of a star or constella- tion : 0( Ov)tui Kcù iyiipiai olarnûxTi TTipl K.vy6ç tTriroX»;»'. Aris- tot. Hist. Anim. viii. 19. More elegantly in the plural : Kat lirtici) TTÛi' int/pynoTO Trepi ApiCTovpov iiriToXâç. Thuc. il. 78. This distinction, perhaps observed by the ancient writers, was disregarded by those that followed, as is shown by the quotation already given from Plato, and by that which follows from Aristotle, who also uses draroX»'/ of the constellations : Act» iripi 'iipiwioç aiaroX»/r /mXtora yirtrai rr}yiij.ia. Aristot. Meteorol. ii. 5, 2. According to others (Scftol. Arat. 137) drciroX»'/ is the rising of a whole constel- lation, and iniToXii that of the principal star in it, c. g. of Arctiinis in Hootes, or of the Pleiades in Taurus ; according to others, again, iiriTuXii was used of a constellation that rose directly after the rising of another. 70. 70 dfSpeîa or ài'Spîa, oç (>'/), fr. « ( >/p, answers to the meaning of fortitudo, although its formation is analo- 71. 69 gous to that of virtus in Latin ; masculine or manly (70) strength; hence, only fig., moral strength, courage, thus defined by Plato : 'Avipiu ëtiç \pv)(^f]ç cikIii^toç vtto ^6^ov. Defin. 412, a. And by Aristotle: Tlfpt ^ôf3ovc Ka\ ddppri di'êpla fxtaÙTïiç. Aristot, Ethic. N^ic. ii. 7. df8p€iÔTT)s> v'oç (?/), fr. àrêpE~ioç, prop, manhood, viri- litas, nature or character of man, courage : Où y'np lôhiç ôpâ) êtoiiéi'ovç vfiàç elç aV^pttôrr/ra, aXXà (Twrrjpiaç. Xen, Anah. vi. 5, 14. à>'8paYa0ia, aç (>/), compound of dvî]p, the formation of which is more modern : according to grammarians, dvcpela is physical strength, and dicpayadia, moral strength. But the justice of this observation may be doubted, and the passages of such authors as have used these two words suggest other differences : dicpayadia seems rather to indicate a good quality of a practical character, dis- position or conduct of a man of noble spirit, sometimes as shown particularly in war, in Xenophon, bravery, courage : Oi) ÉVe^d (prjfii -^^pijiai vvv tTnTeBijyai rifiâç àç didpayaOiav, ôiTMç TÙ)V re dyadwt' ?j apioroj' Kai ij^iaTov diruXavaiofiev. Xen. Cyr. iii. 3, 55. Sometimes, in a more extended ' sense, the disposition of a good man, virtue generally, in Xenophon and Isocrates : liai ravraç irpoii\vp.i]v tCjv j/co- rû)v vv Tag IttI toIç ïpyoïç ^rjCifxiav rifxi}v i^ovaaç, dWd rdç inl ra'ig c6L,aiç ra'tg Ci drEpayadiay yirofiÉiag. Isocr. Nicocl, 85. It has been used in the plural by more modern authors, in a sense more resembling that of dvcpa- yadripa : Et è vartpov ralg dvêpayadiaiç vTrepjjàXorro rag drifiiaç, tig ryv TrpovTrdp^aaaf Trapprjaiav dnatcadiara. Diod. Sic. i. 78. dkSpaydOTjfia, OTog {to), verbal of dvlpayaQib), and of more modern formation, courageous act, noble action, ex- ploit, great deed or achievement : 'E»' Se ralg rt/icdç tùip dyèpayad7]ijdT(i)y Sa\piX})ç '/), breath, air, wind from the bellows: ^vaai I' iv XoiiroKjiv iiiKoni irànai îipvaiav nai'Toirjy ivirpi^aroy avrni/y l^- avitiaai. II. xviii. 471. Exhalation, vapour, odour : 'F.fiTrrjç iç yaiày re Kai ovpavov ïetr' âi)r/if}. //. xiv. 174. oijpos, ov (Ô), favorable wind, triad right a-stern : Et- fictrd -' dfi(futu(t), 7r£'^\//a» ^i roi ovpoy tnrifrdei', Od, v. 167. 'AW iicnrip ir ri]i limroyCiaQai, tujç ay tic ovpoy Karurrrù)- air. Xen. Hellen. ii. 3, 31. Trt'€Ôp,a, nroç {jo), fr. vyiu), prop, breath (pufF of wind), breath (respiration) : 11 rtu/mra àrt/jnoy t^Tz'nvTOVTa. He- rodot, vii. 16. "Ean ce Tn(Vf.ia pvaiç avytj(^i)ç eVî ^vvoç dipor. Aristot. Meteor, iv. 9, 33. By ext., or rather by ellipse of dyéfiov, the wind itself, both in prose and poetry : *I1»' oΣt ^:ard irpv^yay ((Tr»/rat ro Tritura. Thuc. ii. 97. Aiiyùiy r' urj/ja iryev^droiy tkut^Kre arùoyra noyroy. Soph. Ajac. G74. irvor], >)ç (»'/), verbal of td'éoi, but more ancient than irytvyia, in use as early as Homer, and in the (loets only : To H rt ■nvoiai ^oyiovai naj'Toiwv àyéfiuiv. II. xvii. 55. The wind itself: ]larayii T ivpûa OàXaaaa, KOTrrofityt] Tryoïaïç. Theocr. Id. xxii. 1(>. [It occurs in Plat. Crat. 4iy, I), only, however, in attempting to derive a word from it; but riiu.irch uses it several times.] 72. 72 «i»^p. diipoç (à), answers to the Latin rir, and de- signates the man of the married couple, husband : 'Of 72. 71 âr^p' Ifiov ÙKvç W^tWtvç tKreii'ey, Trioaiu ce irôXii' Qtiuio (72) MvirfToç. Il- xix. 295. àKoîrqs, ov (ô), fr. à and Koirtj, one who has the same bed, bed-Je/low, husband : H fiAXa £y) a' icpofSiiat Koovov ttoIç, '6ç toi àKoirrjç. IL xv. Dl. The poet, compound irapaKOiTTiç, ov (ô), is found only in Homer: 2ù êé fioi OaXepvç TraçtaKoirrjç. II. vi. 430. YafA€Trjs, ov (ô), fr. yansw, spouse, in the Tragic writers : ^fitjv, (Il Vfii'ivai âvaÇ, fiaKÔpioç 6 yansTaç fxaKCiaia S' èyài (SaffiXitcotç \i- KTpoiç icar' 'Apyoç à ya^iovfikva. Ear. Troad. 311. This poet, word has been used by Xenophon : 'Eyw f.iiv àirfKifii^àfxrii' ixkya fpovwv ort eijOev rijc l^aiTiXsdjç Ovyarpbç à^oifiijv t'ov kfiov v'lbv yaixkrrjr. Xen. Cyr. iv. 6, 2. rùv€TTiç, ov (Ô), one who has the same bed, spouse, lover : M/j- rpbç ivvérijç a'tBiv. Eur. Electr. 803. This form, as well as the two tliat follow and their compounds, is peculiar to the Tragic writers. ivvyyrfip, tjpoç (ô), under the Doric form in iEschylus : 'E/cdora ■rrô9<() (fiiKciropi top alxi^r]svra Bovpov tvvariip' cZTroTrtfi-i/za/nej/a Xii- ■mrai /xovoCu?. J^schyl. Pers. 140—3. «•ivT]Twp, opog (Ô) : 'Hv Trâpoç Ai'p/ojç rtç ivvr]ruip Avkoç. Eur. Here. Fur. 27- Under the Doric form in the choruses : 'Eic c' îXenrov o'tKOVÇ TToàç âXXov ivvârop' . Eur. Andr. 1040. ô(i,£vv€-rr)ç, ov (ô), having the same bed, bed-fellow : 'AvSpôç t àpi. (JTOv ffoîi TV^oîia' ôfiewÊrov. Eur. Med. 953. ^€fiîs, icoç (;;), a species of camomile in Diosco- rides : Widtfiiç, o't ii XevKcitdtiJOv, ol iè xa^ia/'/ir/Xo»' .... KaXoîiffi. Dioscor. iii. 154. Poet, synon. oï àiOoç, flower, in the Anthology : " AXaoz h'," ApTt^t, tovto t:ai âr ^apirecriTt dtoxxratç tir} itt' àydifiicuiv avfi^aXa icoû^a jiaXt'iv. Anthol. Diolim. vi. 267. ât^cfiof, ov (rc), flower in general, rose in Aristophanes, according to the interpretation of the Scholiast : 'E^wk ariiparov atdtnuiy. Aristoph. Ach. 992. In Theophrastus, nigella or antlicmum, a plant : Tù>v ce Kara /«tpoç dydovy- Th>v IcLoy TO n-fpl rù àyde^oy, on .... Theoplir. H, Plant. vii. 13. âyQi], »jc in), according to Thomas Magister the Attic writers use this word for àydqmç, blossoming-time : Kai rd ^iy ciycpn r})y aydr^y ddpoay Troiùrai. Theophr. II. Plant. vii. 9. The reading urOijy has been changed by Schneider into ai'0r;)>' 't\ii rijç didtjç, wr ûr eiioici- /rraroy 7rap£)(oi rùy rôirny. Plat. Pluedr. 230, b. It is found used for dyHoc, flower, in Nicander : IloXtoto /iuovrô- yoy dpytoç aidtjy {the flower of the white polium, which destroys rats). Nicandr. Alex. 304. di^Xï), ijç (tj), flower or pappous down of some plants in Dioscorides : Et' â*.<<^ TTEoiKiipnoy àydoç irv^yuy kai iKTramrovfUtoy, ô kuXoîxTiy iyioi dyOii\t]y, Dioscor. iii. 133. àv6oti]v, tv di Opôva TToiKiX' tiraT09 (ô) and ocotov, ou (rô), fr. ârj^i, prop, breatli ; hence, fig. that which is the finest, the most delicate possible, the flower, in Latin y?05, which comes hoxn flare, its etymology being thus analogous to that of the Greek word; in Homer: Kiîje.à Te pliyôç Tt Xivoiô re XiiTTov âniTov. II. ix. G61, 74. âkGpwTToç, OV (ô), man in general, and in speaking of the 74 two sexes, as homo in Latin ; it is also found absolutely for a man whom nothing distinguishes from the common herd, an ordinary ferson. It sometimes even conveys the notion of contempt ; thus, in Xenophon, it is found in con- trast with cu'j/p : ' Aj' ce tovto ài'ci(X)(riad£ raXXa Kal aia\v- veadai jj.oi cokÛ), o'iovç »/,uI»' yiuxreade tovç iv tij x*^?^ orrag àrdpûjTTOVç' vjJÔJv êè àvèçwu ovrwv, .... Xen. An. i. 7) 4. " dfT^p, àvcpoQ (ô), man, male, husband; in the higher style of writing, it specially signifies a man who distin- guishes himself by great bravery, or such other qualities, as a man ought to possess; a brave, noble man :^i2 fiXoi àvépeg k(TT£. II. y . 529. 'Hy vvv y' eyw i.ùv ovk àyi/p, avrt) ë" àyi'ip. Soph. Antig. 491. Hence, in general, it may be translated in epic poetry, warrior : TipCJToç ci' 'Arr/Xo^oc Tpû)u)v iXtv ixyèpa icopvaTi}v. II. iv. 457- Sometimes à^>/p, as vir in Latin, is emphatic. It is often used by the Greek orators as a simple formula of politeness, or as a mode of engaging the good-will of their hearers ; thus Demosthenes often uses it, softening the mention of disagreeable truths to the Athenians, by the flattery of the appellation, as in the following passage : AvanoXov d' uyroç (phati /cat ^^ctXeTroiJ Toxi joovXeveadai, tri ttoXXw ^ciXeTrwrEpoi' vj^ùç avro ■Keiroiii- KaTE, w âyàpeç 'Adi]ya~ioi' o'l jxtv yap aXXoi ttoiteç aydoivTroi irpo TÛ)V wpayfiàrioy tlûtOciai ^pj/fffiat rw [juvXeviadai, vjieIç ce fierh TÙ TrpâyfxaTn. Dem. de Pac. 1. It is further found, thus emphatically used, even in a bad sense : 'Hv ce ne H 74 75. (74) iy nn)nrîiÇ)aiv ùn'ip, ùOtfiiana fitwc, Kr>/\vapû>y. Plat. Gorg. 489, B. So, if à)//p is used, where an honorary title might be expected ; as when Philip is called by Demosth., Mact- Iwv àrt'ip, 157> 2.3 <^S, uitÔç (o), fr. (pf]pi, syn. of ch'i'ip, man, warrior, in Homer atid the Tragic writers: 'AAXà hit' avroi'ç f/XOi TrttXnKp ^uiri îoikûç. II. xiv. 13^!. nov>)pov (pit)TÔç ï'/Covai KaKai. Eur. Ipliig. A. 387. Pporés, 0Î' (Ô, >'/), human, mortal, in Greek (as mortal in English) is used poetically as a subst. by the ellipse of the word 'man,' which is sometimes but far less commonly expressed : Ktivoiai c' àv ovrtç twv, oi vî'v 0poToi (laiv tTTixPoviot, fiaxioiro. II. i. 271. "Iv' àOavârotai <(>6wç (ptpoi t'jci fipoToiaiv. II. xix. 2. The word is also found in Plato : AtiXOwftiv Ci) Tt)v fv^ai^oviav rof Tt àvCpàç «rni tî)ç ttôXiwç iv y «)' ô TotovToç jSpoTÔç lyyivtjTai. Plat. Pol. viji. ôGG, d. £iTix66vios (ô, l'i), one who is on the earth, terrestrial, is sometimes used substantively by the poets in the plural, witli the ellipse of âv0pai7ro«, signifying /luman beings, in opp. to àOâraroi. immortals : TfvKovtrt Ô' iTri\9ot'iot(Tiv àotCt)v à^â^'aTOl \apita)vt\onny. Od. xxiv. I97. OvTirdç, i), 6v (Or>;ff/cui), subject to death, mortal ; in the poets it is sometimes used substantively, by ellipse of «ïj-flpwTroç or àn'ip: Eî Srj a(pw tvtKa 6vr]Twv tpiCaii'tTov wCi. II. i. 574. Katoi' yt Ovtirolç TO féov. Eur. Androm. 184. [In the prose writers it is found in this sense, but principally when opposed to Qioç: e. g. fiira^v tan Gtoîi r« rai OrriToï). PI, Conv. 202, E : Qibv avrbv, àvTi Ovijrov Troirjaaaa. Isocr. 21H, C] 75. 75 àrraYw^'l<^^Tjç, ov (o), antagonist, adversary in general, rival in every kind of competition : 'Eor H (\irayuyi(Trt)y yvyivu(TTiKÏiç T; f^iov(JiKT]ç »'/ thuç àywtoç trtpov Cia>cu)\vri riç l3t(f nil -rcipayiyitCTdai, Plat. Legg. xii. 955, a. àvrC^ios (i>, »';) (/3în), poet, one who employs violence, opposes with violvnre ; hence, violent, hostile : Kai yap iyiot> '.\xi\ivc ri fiaxrjaâ- ftiO' liviKo Kovptjç avTijiioic inucaiv. II. ii. 378. drrîSiKoç (ô, »'/) [êiKi]), adverse party, adversary in a law-suit : Oç i)y iiri rolç rû>y à^ricicwr Trpâyfiuaiy. De- mosth. in Theocrin. 13"J7, 24. à»TÎTraXos(", »/) (àrW, 7r('i/\»j), prop, adversary in wrestling. By cxt., enemy in war : BûXXorrtç ai/rovç i;nl rnltûoyreç fjt'iXa KiiKÙiç tTTuiovy o'l yv^yt'irtc rw»' ciirtTrc'iXwi'. Xen. Hell. iv. 2, 14, ()()w yap »/^ti' ùyrnrnXovç Trpoaioyraç otç ijfti'iç, ti utce arpuT[V(TÔi.uO/) (ruTrrw), that which beats back, gives back blow for blow, hard ; that receives and retains the impression of whatever comes into contact with it; that reproduces its shape; passively, repeated by the echo : U.ap J arovov àvTÎ- TVKOv UTTOKkavatui'. Soph. Philoct. 694. [acrtrvTrwraro»' elêoç, offering obstinate resistance, extremely hard. PI. Tim. 62, C : and dvrirvTrovç dvdpîoiïovç, stubborn, obstinate. Theœt. 156, A.] 76. avTpov, ov (to), cave, natural cavity : Kap7raA//xwç è' etc ^g at-Tpor àcpiKUfiid' ovêé f-uv iv^ov eipo^tv. Od. ix. 216. (nreoç, toç (ré), Eustiitliius and the Etym. Magn. derive this word from afSiio, on account of the darkness that reigns there, and the modern writers from ffnccui, as if it had the meaning of rupture, fissure in a mountain ; hence, o-ro/fo, cavern, specus, artificial cavity made by man, and to serve for a dwelling ; thus Homer uses it in speaking of the abodes of the nymphs and marine deities, and particularly of the grotto which was the retreat of the goddess Calypso : Tbv (5' oioi< vvjiér] TîoTvî tpVKS Ka\v\pw, ëla 9fâwv, èv c^ïaai y\a(pvpoi(yi. Od. i. 14. Further on, he describes the wonders which nature and art had brought together to embellish this grotto, and to make it a palace worthy of a goddess. It may be observed, that, in the Odyssey, in speaking of the cave of Polyphemus, the poet uses the word anéoç very rarely, but almost always avrpov. £;), feminine of a^ioç, used substantively by ellipse, estimate, valuation, worth : Ti)y èè ci) riiç /3\n/3»;ç uiiiir fire Cnr\i)i' tiTe TpnrXrjv ùte Kni TtrpaTrXuaiat', o'l KnTn\l/j](f)trT('t[.i£yoi hKaaral Tarrvi'Twy. Plat, Legg. ix. 876, d. Fig. dignity \_worth, desert'\ : To»' yop Xoyor ct'i riic àliaç TÎ}ç v^erlpaç tyyvç tirai, fij] rijç roû Xéyot-uç. Dent, de Syntax. 171, 13. à|îaKTi9, tii)ç (>';), fr. àt.i6u), action of judging worthy, dig- natio : TdXaiToy àpyvpiov etcâara) cu)pit)v Ciàui-U rfjç îtliûi- ffioç t'/i fca rîjç tç tfitv ytif^ni (on account of the honour he has done me in desiring an alliance with my family). Hero- dot, vi. 130. In Thiicydides, prr/fHs/o??, claim to a dignity, ■where it differs from aiiiof.ia, which is the dignity obtained : Kara C£ T))t' ùiltiieni', ùç tKaaruç ty rw tùto».i^i£7 ovk àno f-ttpovt; Ti) nXtloy îç rh Koiyà f/ inr' àp£7»/ç Troori^jûrfu" ovo ail Kara VErlay, ti^w»' t'£ ti àyadoy cpâerai rify iriiXiy, ùtiû)- f.inroç à(t)ay(i(f t:iKioXvrai. [This does not appear to be the meaning of the word here : = " quod autem ad icstimationem attinct," Poppo : it is opposed to y^arù f^ùy roùç yoftovç just before]. Thuc. ii. 37- 'Aiiwffic «as in later times confounded with ù£i'w/ia : 'Yfi'iy /.toyon; v-mcdzuicXiyoyrai ri/c ù^tû'aetoç ticâyTiç. Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. vi. 71. [In Th. i. 37, it is claim, demand, =: postulatum : in ii. 34, &-c., reputation, character ; ai>)p . . . ôc «»' . . . àiiùxrei irpotiicrj = dignitate. Poppo. Both these meanings are derived from that of an estimate, as made (1) by ourselves, or (2) by others, with reference to j/s.] àÇî(jp.a, nroç (rd), another verbal of àliùio, which ex- presses the dignity obtained, as in the passage quoted above from Thucydides ; hence, rank or honour, merit, considera- tion, glory : "O/iwc yap ci) irpor yt ràç «Wdr ri^^yaç kuiirtp ovTbt nparriivtrtji: â^ovi àyopEvei. Dem. in Aristocrat. 629, 21. KiîpPeiç, £w)' ipl), triangular columns in the form of pyra- mids, on which were inscribed laws of a special character, and notices of the sacrifices, public festivals, and other solemnities: rpoip^vrac kv Kvçiftiai nai khI (TD/Xatç, rà êè Kui àypacpa Ttârpia dei-iErovc edr]. Plat. Politic. 298, d. Aristophanes uses Kup^is fig. in the singular : To7c àvdpû)- TTOiQ T tivai h6ï,M .... evpsariairrjç, TzepiTpifijici êiKÔJy, Kvpf^iç. Aristoph. Nub. 447. Although the numerous instances quoted by the grammarians, obscure as they are, may prove the difference that existed between these two words, it is plain, from the following passage from Plutarch, that even in the time of Aristotle their meaning was confounded : 'I^TJ^Ùv Oè To'lÇ vÙfiOlÇ TTCKTIV tlç tKUTOV IvLClVTOVÇ 'ÉSwKE, Kul KaTtypiKpiiaav eIç L,v\it'ovç âL,o>'aç kv tvXuktîoiç ixepié-^ovaL (T-psipofiÉvovç' wv Ïti icad 'ijjiàç kv Ilpvrnre/w Aei'i^aj'a jxiKp'a CiEtrw^iTO, iccù ■npoiJï)yoptv{)r](Tav, wç 'ApidToréXrjç (prjiri, Kvp- I3eiç. Plut. Solon. 25. 79. oLirapâffKeuos (ô, >'/), one who has made no preparations, 79 used actively : 'ArrapdtTKEvoi kuI ânopoi kg tov TTÔXefxov Kudi- (T-avTo. Thuc. i. 99. diT-apao-KeuaoTos (ô, »'/), used passively, unprepared, taken unawares, surprised : llpoa-KkaovTEz ^£ aTrapcKrveuciorotc TO~iq l3apj3('ipuiç. Herodian. iii. 9. 80. àiraxâv, ace. to the grammarians, from Trctroc, path, to turn 80 away from the path, to lead astray, seduce ; but better from (iiTTd) \^palpo'\, to deceive by feigned caresses ; and thence, to deceive, cheat, to disappoint, defraud, in Homer : Ni)»' ^' £7r£t EK yEipùtv yépaç tlXero /caî fx' àTrciTr\(nv. II. ix. H 3 78 80. (80) 344. Kfà ffKOTTEly n'ç ri «x^'» *'*' cvyaruv àiptXiaOai ùira- n'l'; piuadfityoy. Plat. Polit, ix. ôTS, c. è^airaTâk', a compound of the preceding word, and more frequently used than the simple aVarar, even in Homer's time ; with the meaning of which he associates the notion of complete success. The same remark may be made of Plato and Xenophon : Kofiicf] upa i Qioç (nrXovy cat ùX»;- deç f.v Ti tpyu Kai ty \6yw, koi ovre avroQ fxtOiaraTai ovre àWovç ituKarçi. Plat. Polit, ii. 382, e. 'A^riXoyt'iro ùç it.airari]Otir]. Xeii. Ilellen. vii. 4, 39. àira4>îcrKciv, synon., poet, and Epic, of the same family as àTarày, to decfiif. cheat : OvTi ot Y\(çat(p6yua, Atùç 9vyûrt)ç, àvatpioKti. Od. XI. 217. The compound ^|a7ra(^io'Kciv associates with its simple the notion of success, to succeed in impo^im; upon another : M(p/i^piÇ{ S' tirura finùnriç vOTi'in "Horj, OTnrojç i^aTriîrpoiro Aiôç yôov aiyiôxoio. II. xiv. ICO. dX(i>iT€KÎl^€ii', to imitate the fox, to act the fox : Oi/ic ï(mv ù\io7rtt:i ^fty, ovc' àfnporinoKTi yiyyiaUai (j>i\oy, Aristoph. Vcsp. i-23;i. pouKoXeîv (/3ouc(;\oc), prop, tn tend or feed cattle; fig. to deceive by fine words, to defraud of his hope : KaVw Kcipa pit], iiriXiTrt} avroy t/ ^.airitvT), f; t:ai tKÙy \l/tvai}Tai, irûiç act ttti r'a rijç (T^^)aTlûç ; Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 9. The active xpevceiv is very rare : 'AXXà xioteuw toi rrj xti'pçt r^ îlfiiTtpç, k(ù -rj vjiQv eiç èfiè ti/yoïff. . . . /(»; \p(.viTity fit TUVTaç rUr àyadUç i\Trl(aç. Xen. Cyr. i. 5, 13. 81. 81 à.Trf]VT], Tjc (»'/). a vehicle with four wheels, waggon, to whicli horses or mules were harnessed, and which carried baggage, heavy goods, &:c., in Homer : Tlovadt fiiy >/^/oroi iXicoy r£-pfi(.ukXor à~iiyr]y, r'nç 'Ic'oToc iKnvyt Caléputy. II. xxiv. 324. In Pindar (t:r//i fj is specially the team, and by ext., the car drawn by mules, and used at the games: 'At:apayTÔrrocvç r ÙTri/iaç CtKiv "^avfuôç rt Cwpct. Find. 01. V. 6 ; and, by ext., pair, couple ; fig. marriaye-tie : 'O èè irpiaftvç vj.ifiaTva-tpiir, ('nrt'iyaç ifionripov irùOoy àftéièi'iKpv Toy all Kurîxioy. Eur. Phœn. 340. Sfitt^a, »;<; (»';), vehicle or waggon drawn by oxen. This observation of Tliomas Magister is contradicted by Eusta- thius; and, in fact, little difference is made in the Iliad between these two kinds of carriages, both having four wheels, and used for carrying heavy loads ; they were drawn indilferently, either by oxen or by mules : ()«' t^* vCiHiç iTTi-)(Qoviovç tcuaï,iv ■KOiî)';), four-horse chariot : Bjypwi'a î't TtTpaopinç iv(Ka yiKatfx'ipov yfyu(i'r;réov 6ni. Piiid. Olynip. 2, 8. 82. 82 àtroïKÎa, ac (//), fr. ukoikcç, the leaving the natural home for some other, emigration ; the term applied to the ancient Greek colonies : "Hare t:iù îç 'Iwiitu' vcTrenoy wc o'v^ «\ari/c ~>l<: 'Arr(jk»/c, ÙTTOtKtaç iE,iTrefi\l/(iy. Thucyd. i. 2. KXrjpouxi'a, etc ('/), division by lot, portion obtained by lot, allolinciit, distribution of lands made to those who were sent to the colonies ; hence, by ex t., the colonics themselves, the colonists, whom the republics of Greece settled in countries they wished to retain possession of, or 83. S3 with a view to repeople the towns wliich they had destroyed. (82) It was thus, that the Athenians, havin<>- made themselves masters of IMelos after a long siege, 416 b.c., put to the sword all who were capable of bearing arms ; an act which no political consideration can possibly justify, although. Isocrates has endeavoured to place it in a different light : 'Ytteo w>' Vp0(7>/C£t TOVÇ iv (ppoiOÙi'Taç fieydXr]}' xapLi' ixeiv TToXv f.iâ\\o}' f; ràc i^Xijpov^iuç >/ju7v oi'SiCii^^eir, àç iifJit'iç sic ràç îpi]i.i(>vfAÎi'nç rùf TroXetjr (pvXctKTjç eretca rùiv ^^wpta;)', dXX' où Cià i:\to} EL,lav èt,eTré^non£}'. Isocr. Paneg. 31. 83. âiToiKos (é, j/), prop, emigrant, the name given to the an- 83 cient Greek colonists: 'Ho-ar ck KoplrOwi L,vi.n7podvfiovfi£i'oi. fj-ctXiffra rolç 'Afnrpai^Kjjraiç, cIttoIkoiç ovai. Thucyd, ii. 80. jieroiKos ((1, >'/), domiciled foreigner , resident alien, one who, having taken up his abode in a particular city, [is allowed to settle and trade there, but] has [not] been admitted to the rights of citizenship in it. At Athens, they paid a tax {lusToiiciov) of 10 drachmae per annum, and were sub- ject to certain duties, such as carrying the sacred vessels ((TKc((j)i]) in solemn processions, whence they were called (TKa(pt](i>6poi ; their wives were obliged on the same occasions to carry vessels filled with water, whence they were also called vÉpia(f)6poi, and their daughters {(TKuiCri(p6poi) parasols for the Athenian ladies. It appears from a passage in Demosthenes, that, at least at a certain period, the fii-oiKOL were obliged to pay to the state a sixth of their property : AoûXov t\ia/, prop, without means, without device or expedient ; and by ext., embarrassed, per- plexed, uneasy, in despair, in speaking of persons : "iliioi Èyîo irio, tÉk)ov, àji^yaroç. Od. xix. 363. It is oftener, however, used passively, in speaking of things, that ivhich means cannot be found to effect, difficult or impossible to do or say: Wfilj-^aioi' orrov ^pôroy {an inconceivable length of time : i. e. one cannot say how long). Plat. Phced. 80, c. [Also of persons in the sense of difficult to deal ivith; un- manageable.~\ àSuVaros (ô, »/), fr. a and cvvapai, speaking of persons : one who has not the power to do a thing, who cannot, is not able, powerless : 'Acvraroi Eimv ÊTriixeXilç k(TE(rOai. Xen. Œcon. 12, 12 [also absolutely = disabled^, infirm. [Thus the àcvvarot are opposed to the ^waroi or cvrnpEi'oi, the able-bodied. Cf. Lys. 24, 12.] More often passively, in I 86 88. (87) speaking of things ; what cannot he done, impossible : Tijç yEwpyiKîjç TU TrXutTTo. tcrrii' àyOpili-ù) ùcviaTu rrpot ofjtrai. Xen. Œcon. 5, 18. 88. 88 àirpcTn^ç (ô, »'/), fr. « and npiiru), unbecoming, improper : 'KTri-)(a.pfioy èè tov Kuj^ucoTrowi', on rj/ç yvfcuKoç avrov irapovarjç tiiri ti Twy àirpeTrùv, È^i]iJ.iti)UE, Plut. Apophth. di-cipfxooTos (ô, îf), and rarely ài'apjiôSios (ô, »/), fr. a and iipfxà'Cui, prop, that which does not fit, which does not square, dispi'oportioned : llTTOf rw jotipn ttiI^ovulv o\ hofÀÙ-ruvriç \jdwpat:iç\ Twv àvap^ôa-i^v, rov avrov araHfiùy tj^orreç. Xen. Alcmor. iii. 10, 13. — Fig. of an unsociable character, disagreeable, difficult to deal with : Tu^oyeowr eÎ KÙrâpfio- trroç, Aristopli. Nub. 900. [See Note.] aKoafxos (Ô, »/), fr. a and KÔff/ioç, prop, without order ; fig. disorderly, lawless, disgraceful : Où^troc dntixoyTo twv dK0tTp.0TiiTwv Koi ftiaioTiiTtjjy. Plut. Crass. 15. Stottos (Ô, >/), fr. a and roTor, fig. out of place, absurd, strange .'"Aroira Xtynç Kai oùfo/iitDç T-poç aov. Xen, Afemor. ii. 3, 15. [Hence, so strange as to be unnatural : uroirny -vtdfui. Th. 2, 49.] ÛKaipos (Ô, //), fr. a and Knipôç, unseasonable, mal-à- propos, useless, empty : 0« II fiij QiXomc Cici ro i-izlirovov îicâatcecrOcti aWà iy ii^ovalç a\o/poic ^u'lyeiy, ifivaet ovroi kUklotui. Xen. Cyn. 12, 15. [Of persons = importunate, troublesome.^ ' àciici]Ç (Ô. >'/), fr. <î and (Uiôç, unbecoming, disgrncfiil, shameful: T

, >;), := âfiKr/c, when spoken of (hings ; sometimes in speaking nf persons, ugly, vile, contemptible : UpôaOïi' fiir yap Ci) fim àiiKtXioç ^ôar' th'ai, rvv ^i Oio'iaiv toiKt. Od. vi. 2-12. &cr){r]fxtav (f1, >/), fr. à and a^ïipLn, without form, shapeless, deformed ; more commonly fig. shameful, unseemly ; unbe- coming, indecent : "Orai- yrîip itcryri^ioy fitv /ji}?iy, ftr]^è cvtT\tptç i.y Tiûr yj'oi/iaiç rwr TrapôiTwr KaraXiitTijTiii. Xen. Àpol. 7. âXoyoç (('), >'/) fr. « and Xôyoc, prop, icithout reason, irra- tional : II Ct (piXorif^iia ovt iy ro'iç uXùyotç i^ujon: ifttj/vi-ai, ovr ty TTi'irriy àiUpûjiroiç. Xen. Hier. 7. Fig. unreasonable, absurd: No^tt^wr uXoyoy tlyai rovç ii hpCjy ^Xirrrarritr Ifpo- (tÎ'Xovç kaXi'iy. Xen. Ages. 11, 1. 89, 90. 87 89. apyupoç, ov (ô), fr. àpyôç, silver, the metal : XaXKoy 3' 89 iv irvpl IjciWev ciTetpéa KaaaiTipov te kol -^pvaov TijJt'iErTa K-oJ apyvpov. II. xviii. 474. dpyûpiot', ou (rô), 1. sometimes silver, as metal: 'Ekeu'o fiévTOi QJiêa OTi (cat ■)(^pv(Ti.ov orav ttoXv Trapaipaprj , avro ^Èy ÙTifiûrEpoy yiyrtTai, to èè àpyvpioi' Ti.jJiii)TEpov ttoieI. Xen. de Vectig. 4, 10. 2. More frequently silver coined, made into money, money, pectmia: 'Evraûôaoî orpartwrai i]yf)ovTO OTL ovK £ iaTi. Aristot. Eth. v. 5. vQ\Lo<5, ov (6). According to Photius and Suidas, the Dorians used vàfxoc for rofiKTiia, piece of money. An instance may be found in the Tables of Heraclea (1, 75), and it was from i'Ôjjoç that the Latins derived their num- mus, or, according to the more ancient orthography, numus. Xprjixara, ciToiy (ret), prop, things of use, goods, riches, sums of money, sometimes money : O'l hè Kal êwpoiç Kal xf'i)- fiamv livaTZEiQo^EvoC ttoXXU yap Kal ravra I'lv aùrw. Xen. Cyr. i. 5, 3. 90. àpicTKeiv (apu)), prop, to arrange, to adjust, to make 90 agree ; hence, to appease, in Homer : *A;^ IQiXu) àpiaai hàfiEvai T àiTEpEiai aTToiva. Il, ix. 120. After Homer's time, in constant use, especially in prose, and construed in a neuter sense with nominative of the thing, to be or seem suitable, appropriate, &c., to satisfy, to please: Et fxÈv i'jpEtTKÉ TL poi Twp VTÎ0 TOVTtJV pr]QÉvT(i}P, iiav^iav av i]yov. Dem. Philipp. i. 1. i2 88 91. (90) âvSdviiv (nhjv), to satisfy, I o be agreeable, to please: 'A\\' oiic 'Arfin^ y 'Aycifitfivovi i'/vcai't Ovftif. 7/. i. 24. TloWoi fi iftvûovTO, vôov C' kfi'ov OVTIÇ tale. Theocr. xxvii. 22. [Also in //rf/.] SoKcî»'. This verb was often used, principally in the aorist and perfect passive, as the usual formula in ancient decrees, declaring that it had seemed good to the legislative body to pass such and such a decree: "Efoic rolç Ili/Xciyô- patç KoX ro7ç avii^^ioiç rwv 'A/i^ikruô» w>'. Dem. de Coron. 51. coapeoreîi' {evâpeiTToç [^tv. ùpiffkw] ), a verb of modern formation, to be agreeable, to be aj)proied, to please : Ooi' iroXiTÙiy thr^çtiarti ~U yivupiva. Diod. Sic. xiv. 4. 91. 91 àperq, »;c (»'/)> fr. npu), or, according to others, from' Apjjç, in Homer, physical excellence of every kind : nocHir dpt.- Ttiv (il ii(l)(iiyu)r. II, XX. 411. H \a\vv tj û\\?;r rti'ct apt' T>)v -ov aû)f.iaTOQ. Plat. Gorg. 499, d. Hence, fig. valour in tvar, courage : 'Ec \6\ov, trda fuWiarr' dptr)) Ciadftrat ùrcpûty. II. xiii. 277. flarrtc 'ieruaiy ol Trap' it:(iyu) Uiot on 1/ TToXs^uK"») uvTo'tç ùpeTti lyrifiÛTarôy rt fjioy Kut diftdoi'û- -aroy Trapiytrai. Xen. Ilellen. vi. 1, 4. [Cf. 92.] dXKV], f/c {î/^, indicates more especially defensive strength, hence strength, valour that defends, protects, valour: 'Ap- ytloi, /ii'/JTw Ti fitdUre Oovpuoç <(Xk»iç. //. iv. 234. OÎ'a: tort /3/»j (pntaiy, ovcé Tiç aXi.»'/. //. iii. 45. Personified in the Iliad. ' 'Ei- e^'Eniciy è' '.-Wk-.'/. //. v. 740. This poet, word has been sometimes used by prose writers. Thus Xenophon uses it fig. : Oica yap Trâyraç rovç £Kt7 ày6pi>- TTovr, TrX))y tyôç' [.taWvy ^ovXtiay *; (i\Ki)y f.iefii\eTi]i:iiTaç. Xen. Ilellen. vi. 1, 4. [See example from Th. under tv\pv)(_iu.'\ ài-SpayaOîa, aç (//), fr. «rj;p and àyaOùç, the quality of a brave man, bravery : Ilcii ra rvy yjiuyoy àWiiXoiç irtpt àrcpayadiaç dyTirroiovyro. Xen. Anab. v. 2, 1 1 . àfSpcîa, at: (»'/), formed from ««i //p, on the same principle as virtus '\n Latin from vir ; but conveying witli it more of the meaning oï fortitude, courage in war. According to 91. 89 the definition of Plato : Gaptroc ■n-oXeniKÔi'' Èyicpâreia '^vyJiQ (91) TrpoQ rà ^ofiepci Kai èeiyâ.' rôX/xa vTrrjpsTiK)) /), bravery : E(' ^Cjv ' Ay^iXXevg tCjv birXuiv rwy wy Tripi Kplyeiv efieXXe i^ciprog àpiareiaç tivl. Soph. Ajac. 443. It expresses rather the action itself, the deed of bravery, in the following passage of Plutarch : Kat tcaXcug d^^y el Kcil ôià fxrjêèy âXXo, Trj yovy àXcjcrei /cat (pOop^ rrjç ttÔXeojç kwEiireiy to àyêpuyàdrjua tovto Kai Tr)y dpianiay. Plut, de Herodot. Mal. 24. cù'/), fr. àviip, F-'pic from àvSpia, but more ancient, manly vigour : 'Uropiy Triavvoi Kai KcipTti \itf>ù)r. 11. xi. 9. aYn^op^'H' 'JC ('/)i '"'■• àyi'ii'utp, more particularly, excess of courage, audacity : Toù c' ovTTo-f KvCdXipov r»/P rapj3tî oîiêi ^o/Jttrai* àyifvo- {lit) Cl piv iKTCi. 11. xii. 4Ô. Sdpaos, eoç (rô), prop, the fervour or ardour of courage ; hence, (jlowinc/ courage, boldness: "Evd' uù Tvceicr} Aio^»;^£V flu/Wuf WOi'ih] cwice fiûoç Kai Oâpaoç, II, v. '2. [Cf. 252 and note.] (jievoSt 10Ç {t6), aUhough of eastern origin, this is one of the words, the origin of which tlie Greeks, ever jealously refusing to admit any claim of superioiiiy, would fain find in their own langu;ige; tliey derive it from pLrtii'; a derivation not to be lost sight of, and, according to which the ptim.iry scni-e of the word is that of sirenglh, valour, accord- ing to ilie Greeks ; 'A\Xà TroXv TrpoOitOKi, rb 'ov /lii'oç ovSivi iÏKwi'. 11. xxii. A'i'J. Accoidiiig to the Venetian Scholia, pivoç refers to the body, and 6iip(Toç to the soul ; fiifoç is the strength whicli renders a person capable of enduring toil and danger ; Qâpaoç, the boldness which leads iiini to dare and undertake; it is in the union of these two quali- ties, that the courage of the warrior consists. [Of pro>e writers, Xen. uses this word {v~ô irpoOvpiaç Kai ptfovç, Cyr. 3, '.\, (>1 : pivoç Kai Ocipaoç, Hell, j, 1, 10), and Arist. Eth. 3,8; I'l. Tim. 70: ro roû 9iii Kai pt]K>)yopir]i>. Od. xiv. 217. ToXpa, x;c (''/), fr. r\>/»a«, is prop, that quality of the soul, whicli makes man endure, disposition to dare to do, reso- lution, hardihood, boldness, in a good sense : roXfia [consi- dered as an excess of daring ; over-boldness^ is opp. to ctiXia, timidity, and àtêpiia is the mean between these two dispositions : Ourt yap ^w» »)i' ta\oy (\°(ir>'/r, i^yrt ruXfAuy cvntfttfi]»' o\\ù) \pii(TaaO(u {^ihat Could manaye a multitude). Isocr. Ep. ad Philipp. 34. O't Tru\if.iiot n/r roA/in»- i^oirtç ilf.iùn, fu'iWoy fftoiitiOt'iaorrcn. Xen. Cyr. iii. 3, 18. tÙToXfiîa, or (//), fr. iv-oXfioç, noble dariny ■ Oyrot Opâcroç too' iarir, n'vc evToXfiia. Eurip, Med. 409. [In Pol. and Plut. ; and oUiorscs in Xenopli.] 92. 91 92. àperr\, ùç ()'/), fig. and in a philosophical sense of wide 92 extent, the quality of moral excellence, virtue, thus defined by Aristotle : "^anv iipa Sj a'oer»} éstç irpoaipeTiKt'i, kv fiEcû- TJiri ovaa rfj irpùç »//iâç wpiaf-ietr] Xôyw, h:al wc ai- 6 (j)p6vt- fjioç ôpisiie, fiEffôrriç èè êvo kukQi'. Tfjç jjev kuÔ' inrepfjoXi'iv, Tïjç êè KciT 'iWeixpii', Arist. Eth. Nicom, ii. 6. "E^»/ èè K-ctt Ttjj' ^LKuioavyriv Kcù rfji' àX\r]v Trûauy dperiiv (TOipiav tlyca' TU T£ ycîf) êiiaiid Kul Traira ôVa apeTï] TrpuTTerai KuXc'i re kcù d-yaOà tlvai. Xen. Memor. iii. 9, 5. di'Speia, uç (//), fr. cbfjp, formed by the same analogy as the Latin virtus, and sometimes coming near to its fig. meaning [Cf. 91], in a philosophical sense, moral strength, moral courage, in Plato: Ï/))' dv^peinv ti Ow/jiev ; Trurepoi' cnrXwg ovtwq elvai Trpog (pôfiouç kcù Xvirnç ^la^aj^/ji' [lôioy, J/ Kaï Trpoc iràdovç re Kcù î]Covdç ; Legg. i. G33, d. di'SpaYaOta, aç (//), quality, virtue of the good and brave man [nianly virtue^ : KaXo»' ay fioi coke'i >/ 'AyrjaiXdov dpETi) nnndetLyi-ia yeyiadui role; dy^payadiuv dcjKiiv (SovXo- fiéioiç. Xen. Agesil. 10, 2. KaXoKayaOta, nç (»'/), union of the good and the beau- tiful, moral ■perfection, virtue, opp. to kcikici in a general sense : IIAoûroç ce kukIuç /J-aXXoy ?/ KaXoKuyndiaç virjjpÉTrjç early. Isocr. ad Demon. G. àyaôéi', ov (to), neuter adj. used substantively in an ab- stract sense, tlie good, with the associated notion of the use- ful, the profitable: 'Ail fxiv ovy lirtniXero i Kiipoc oTrôre avcFKrjyoliv, ottcjç tv'^apKJTÔraToi te dtxa XôyoL èfjfiXridri- (jorrai, kui ■Kupopp.HJyTeç i\ç TdyuQor. Xen. Cyr. ii. 2, 1. KaXôk', où (tu), neuter adj. used in an abstract sense as the above, the beautiful, the good, the honorable, virtue : "Oa- TLQ ye fxijv (payepôç koTi rov fxiv ttXeovektùv Ùeï ETn^EXâfiE- vaç, Tov ce KaXov (cot tû>v (plXtjy ftij^èy lyTpEirviJLEvoç, Xen. Hellen. ii. 3, 17. Ta KoKd, fine qualities, virtues: 'O nariip jiky iaiyu tu ad KuXâ, y ôXiyu rùiy KuXûJy 'ÉXeyEy, vwoirTEvcjy cid to yutye- doç tTjij dpETÎiç T))v TTupd Tj/C Tv^^vç ÈrfljOEiciy (being afraid of a reverse of fortune on account of the greatness of your virtue). Ilimer, Orat. 23, 6. 92 93. (92) )(fir\(rT6Tr]i, Tjroc (>/), fr. XP'i'^^^t qualily of the good man, carrying; with it the accessory notion of usefulness ; good- ness : Tw Ct 'Pwfiatw ri]*' ciKaiocrinqc t:ai j^pf;<7Tor»;roc oVo- hlûiTEç ov )o(, Od, xvi. 2. Since Homer's time the word is only found in Thucydides and Xenophoii, who most frequently use it in the general sense of meal, repast ; thus it must be understood in the following passage, or at least of the first meal of the day, rather than of dinner : 'A6pôat Zè yiyôfiEyai at ifjeç u-aaai ty Xlaçtio) tt, Knt ôycot'iKoyra tTjç èfrtovrrtjç ii/krôç ùyrjydyoyro Kaï TTJ tîWi] hn^Cf "^^f' àpiffTov tjpay ijicor tlç Upot^ôyyrjaoy, Xen, Hellen. i. 1, 13. It is only later, and from the time of Athenaîus, that it is found in the sense of dinner, (See dKpâTio-|xa, aroç {jo), morning meal, breakfast, from the time of Aristotle : 'YCjv ct (pnr-ùty // fiÈy OiiXeiu t'nrô celXrjç dplafiiyr) -îiv ri vvktu 6\i]v iTrwâ^et, icnt tw^ àKoariaf^taroç wpaç, Aristot, H, Anim. vi. 8. The form àKpaTiCT|Aos, is more modem, and found only in Athcna;us : At'ytt li to irpuiii'oy t^i/3pwyita v tifiûç dt:pariaai Kolva ' [The remark given under Sôpirov will hold good of this derivation nlso.1 93. 93 (=: cœna) êùi t))v Koiywriav KuXeladai. Plut, Quœst, Conv. (93) 726, c. 8eîiri'T)(7Tos, ov (é), a form found for the first time in the Odyssey, the evening meal, svpper : 'AW ore h) êelnvr]- OTOç hju, ical tTD'jXvde /xijXa wàyrodey Cs ayjjwr. Od. xvii. 170. liustathius (1814, 39), according to the futile dis- tinction Avhich the grammarians have attempted to intro- duce in noting by a different accent the different meanings of the same word, pretends that Senri'TjaToç, means the stipper, and Cel-nvriuToç, the hour of sitpper : ^aXnlri] èvaXîyKia rtjf TTfpc Xv'^rovg a/;pô)'VT^ù£ duTn'tjaroc aVZ/XaijE TvuKJ^aacrovaay, Nicandr. Ther. 7G0. SeiiTvocruvtj, i]q {■>)), given as synon. of dtlirvov, but is rather the art of Slipping, the talent of suppingl?^, in a poet quoted by Athenseus : XaipÉ^ÔWV, -KtlVÙtVTl Xcîpqi ÔpVtOl tOtICÛç, VÎ](7T1]Ç, à\\oTÇ)io}V IV tlciôç ienrvoavvdojv {_weU versed in the art of supping out ; or, at other men's tables). Atken. iv. 5. Sopiroi', ov (ro), the evening meal, from tov côparoç Trave- adcu, to cease from the labours of the spear, because it was taken as refreshment after the labours of war : "Afxa o' 7/eX/w i^araêvvTi, rev^eaQai jut'ya eopnot'. II. xix. 208. The Scholiast on Homer, who gives these etymologies, more ingenious than true, and to which others equally improbable might be added from the grammarians, adds, that in his time apturo)', dinner, was the name of the morning meal, and IeItîvov, supper, that of the evening meal. This is con- firmed by Athenaeus, who thus enumerates the order of meals in the heroic age ; Kot lipiaToy fxiv irrri to vtto rijv id) XcifxlDciyôfxei'oy' Ce'nryov cè jjearj^lopiyoy, o //jL(£ç, où (ô), was at an ancient period, and perhaps especially among the Athenians, the name of break- fast : loy fity ovv dKpariafiiv Cianjcrricfiày IXeyoy. Alhen. i. 10. éoirepiapi, utoç (t6), evening meal, evening collation, merenda : Tpo^aîç kyj^divro ol s-aXaioi akpaTtafiari, apt'orj», k(nrtpi(TfxaTi, tii-vt^. Athen. i. 10. 94. 94 dfKelk, fr. aow, prop, to form a compacted substance sufficiently strong to resist ; thus Homer uses it in speak- ing of the cuirass or buckler, that is sufficiently strong to resist darts, arrows, S:c. : IluKtrec ci o'l ifoKtai duprj^ tôv p itpôpn yvc'iXoKTiy dpjjpora. II. XV. 529. Hence the more modern meaning of to be sufficient, to he enough or a match for, strong enough, &c. both in the Tragic and prose writers : Ko»' y^^iXàç dp^taatfii trot y ùnrXierfjty^. Soph. Aj. 1102. Ylwr »/ ToXtf dpKtan iiri roaavTTjv xapa- OKevi/y, Plat. Polit, ii. 3G9, d. ôX^lciv, fr. à\iyo} or fr. àXtii, prop, lo keep off or al a distance, to uard off: ^pd!^iv OTru)Ç SavaoTffiv à\iKnl'''«t vXtOpov Tpiîiwj'. II. xi. 120. [See Buttm. Lexil. p. 541.] 96 95. 95. 95 dpi'eîa6ai, fr. u'iinir, according to Etym. Magn., from raisin;^^ tlic hand to send away or repel, to refuse : 'II pa pv jÀoi n TTidoio, (piXov tÎkoç^ utti K£y t'iffw, »/£ t:ef àurtitruio ; //. xjv. 212. Later, to deny : 'Çlç h' où*: tKtlyoç iytwftyn r»/»' y»/''» f>v< J/cûinr' cioytfdi'tt'ai ^id T>)y ircpKpâriiny, àWà Trpoan)fio\6yi]aty. DeTii. ad Orest. 87 \, 15. àmii-eaSai (ahe'iy), not to approve, not to consent : opp. to iTrniytw; hence, to refuse, to reject: "Ei-O' avrôç /jÈv tTreir' i/yairtro \oiy6y devrai. II. xviii. 450. 'Eyirning away the head, answers to the renuere of the Latins, and is opposed to Kurayevtiv : 'Q,ç itpar tvyoiiiyri' dyéyeve ?£ IlnWftç 'A0»;r»j. //. vi. 311. Hence, not to grant [whether a request or a proposition"] : Ttp c' trepoy ^iy tCioKe Tran'ip, trepuy ê' dtiyivaiy. II, xvi. 250. 'E-£(^») f£ koi TovTO dyerevov, &c. Xeti. Cyr. i. 6, 12. àiToveûeiv, whence the Latin abnuere, seems to have been used in the same sense ; but there is no instance of it in this signification. dTTo4>âvai, to say 'no,' to answer in the negative: 'Atri- Kpv c' «Vr)^>;^i yv)n7ica /j£r oî/v aVorwiw. //. vii. 362. 'Llç ?£ Kdl raiiTd diTi(j>i]âmi, in dialogues, to answer in the negative, to say no, or // is not, there is not : Kat îyw uTroy' Ovciy cïpa ItTTiy Twy r»/c dpE-ijç fiopiwy oXXo n'toy £;ri(Tr>'/^>; ovè' otov CiKaioaityri ovc' oîoi' dyipiia uvo' vioy atixhpoavyi] oùo' oloy ûaioTtjç ; Oi'k J<;apa/ct Cjç bri OKvuir) p.t) à Ti(r(7a(pépvqç Kai 6 ^aprâftai^oç ipî]^r]v oùaav Karadéorreç (pépojffi Kai âywcrt tijv ^wooi'. Xen. Ilellen. iii. 2, 14. This peri- phrasis is generally construed with the names of towns or countries ; it is found, however, with persons (and that with reference to a naval expedition) in the following passage of Demosthenes :"Aywj' (.-at cpéptày rovç nXéovraç tïjv dâXar- rfii'. Dem. Philipp. i. 10 [so elsewhere, e. g. 'éaip{](Te(7dai c'nretXùç <ô kiri ttc/W ifiôyrjua. II. i, 161. "0(T«i rw arparû 'iirovTO (TKevocpôpoL ca^rjXot, raûroc irâcraç ciXicraç Kat àireXùv rà â^dea, drSpaç in avràç àvé- (irjcre 'nrTrci^a gtoXïiv ivecTTaXfiéyovç. Herodot. i. 80. ôiraupierKeiv, synon. with the above, used only in the Aorists : 'AW âfKpw Gvjiàv ÙTrrjvpa. II. vi. 17. aïvvaOai, rare and defective, /o iaA'e ; 'EvpvTrvXoç ë' tTrôpovffe jcaî aïi'iTo Ttvxt àir' ufiixiv. IL xi. 580. K£pai^€iv, fr. Kipaç, an Ionic verb used properly of the attack of a horned animal ; Homer, however, uses it in speaking of the lion ; hence, fig. to pillage, ravage [Ep. and Tiag. and in Hdt.,JEl., &c.]: nârpoicX' K 98 96. 96) «î trov î^t)a9a vôXtv KipdH^'ifiir à/xtjv. II. xvii. 830. Mtrà li Ivi- arpa;rni. Xen. Cyn. 1,15. UpocruXcît', a compound of the preceding, specially, to carry off any thing sacred or consecrated, to commit a sacri- legious robbery : Koi yap ToiJro Çiayepùy iyiytro Kai on ttpuirvXiirraiTtc ret OTrXa u iyio àyîdtjKa rj; WHijy^. Dem. in Eubul. 1318, 27. 97. 99 97. [Cf. 60.] âpToç, ov (6), bread of wheat, first found in the Odyssey : 97 " Aprov T ov\ov IXiijv inpiicaWéoç Èk Kavéoio ku\ Kpiaç, Od, xvii. 343. ^époi'Tai êè o'lKodey oïtov jxiv àprov, oipov êè Kapêafiov. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 8. â^ûjjios [(^u/i>7, leaven], ov (ô), with ellipse of aproç, un- leavened bread, in the Sept. and N. T. : 'A^u/ljouc 'ETred/su avrolg. Gen. 19, 3. The plural form is also found rà â^ujjia, signifying sometimes, by ext., the feast itself of unlea- vened bread among the Jews : 'Hj/ ^e Hao-xa xal rà ài^vfia fiera ^vo ijfiépag, Marc. 14, 1. ^ufxiTT]s, OV (ô), with âproç in Xenophon, leavened bread, made with leaven : Kat âproi i^vfilraL /jeyâXoL TrpotTirsTvepo- vrjiitvok i](jav ttooç to~iç Kpiaai. Xen. Anab. vii. 3, 21. aKoXos, ov (17 or o), morsel or crumb of bread, in the Odyssey : Aîrî- ^wf aKoKovç, oîiK âopaç ovck \k(3riTaç. Od, xvii. 221. Imitated by Callimachus : 'EvJ rpiôcoiai KaOiiaro aÎTil^btv ùkÔXwç re Kai «(cj3oXa XvfiaTa SaiTÔç. Callim, m Cerer. 116. âX<^iTOK, ov {to), barley, in the plural âXrpira, barley- meal, of which bread w-as made ; hence, by ext., fig. bread, for food generally : IloXAoi è' laorTai ■^^a-epoi vûv L,vfifiay(oi^ offoiç êifcaioiç ovaiv ovic rjv aXfira. Arisioph. Plut. 219. dKTi^, ^c (^)f coarse barley-meal, the barley-grain bruised (see p. 60), not the bread itself, or a piece of bread, as Eustathius says. It is in its most simple meaning that it must be understood in the Iliad ; it is only later that the poets used the word in the meaning of bread : Tpirarav èé yiy kXvu) tUiEe Kar àiuj3pnalov a-ôfiaTOç afiépav Aayua- rpoç cLKTaç hifxaç àyvov Ï(tj(£iv. Eurip. Hippol. 137. [Cf. 60.] ff6|ii8a\iTTjç, ov (6), fr. aEfxièaXiç, bread made of the finest wheat flour or meal : Toiiç aenièaXiraç irpoç la^yy '/ (^Kpôvoç), of or belonging to Saturn, of or in the age of Saturn, as old as Saturn [mostly in a mocking sarcastic sense =: old-fashioned, obsolete ; stupid or childish from age : Ïtl -ovrwv KooviKUirtpa {noiCi Koi XiyeC). PL Lys. 205, c] : 'ti p-Cjpi av, Kai Kpoviuiv oCij)v. Aristoph. Nub. 397. '^ KpuviKalc yyûnaiç ovrwç Xjj/iijTc ràe (ppéyaç âfx f""' '^yi'y'/Çi Ogygss, one of the first kings of Greece ; of or belonging to Ogi/ges, of the time of Ogyges ; the Greeks thus described whatever was of great antiquity : 2a 5', (L tÎkvov, tôû' t\i)\v9iv iràv Kpdroç ùyvyiov. Soph. Phil. 141. Apvç wyvyir]. Phocyl. Ikoç, t/, fr. h'oç, a year, of the past year; hence, past, completed : At 'ivoi àpyai. Dem. 775, 25. This word of rare occurrence was, however, familiarly used in the phrase e vr? Kal via , Dem, 1229, 7, where aaXyjrr) must be understd^TT^e oJd and new moon, ==■ the last day of the month. 99. apxei»', prop, to commence ; hence, to be the first, to 99 command, to have authority ; it is used of all kinds of com- mand, or simply of a post, or office of authority, and gene- rally of a power exercised with a view to the public benefit and welfare [e. g. of filling a magistracy or public office'] : "Apj^fif ikajot, Kal ùxpéXifiOL rolç re àXXoiç àrdpojTTOiç Kal LavTo'iç. Xen. Memor. iv. 2, 11. Kpareîi', to be the stronger ; hence, to be the master, to have got the mastery, to master, to command, conveys the notion of a power acquired or retained by force : 'AW oo àt't)p idiXsi irepl Trâi'-wy if^/xei'ai aXXuir, trâvrujv fiey Kparieir idiXei. H. i. 288. Fig. in Plato : Etvat yap ofxo- Xoyùrai ccjcppoavrri to Koare'ty ijcorùv Kal iTTidvfiiwr. Plat. Symp. 196, c. 100. ^PX^» '7? ('/)j [beginning, hence origin, originating"] prin- 100 ciple : 'Eicoucm ce Xiyerai, on j; àp-)(_i] Twy avyaXXayfidrwv TovTiav Ikov(7ioç. Aristot. Ethic, Kicom. v. 5. ama, aç (»;), cause : 'Q.ç àpa Tract ttàvTwv avTr] opdiiv re Kal KaXCJy alria. Plat. Polit, vii. 517) c. k3 102 , ICI. 101. 101 àpXTi Vf ('/)) aulhoriti/, in general : Ovrio ci] ^i^T)y tyioye yvy et) ayuyi^a'toy tirai îijMy ôfioXuyùy Trâaay dp-^^i'iy, tcuO' Ofiov àpyj], fjLTiciii aWw ro piX-ia-oy ai^u-ilaOai T; tktiyio Ttô dpyofiiyt^ rt k'ai ôffjaTTtKO^t'rt», ty rt noXimcri Kai ïc(hiru'r) dpxô' Plat. Pol. i. 345, d. aîaofxniTeîa, aç (»'/), one of the four kinds of royal dig- nity established in primitive times, and which, according to Aristotle, were elective : Tpt'r>j c i)v altrvfiytjTiiay Trpoa- ayopivuvffiy (^avrt] è' forir a'tpeTi) Tvpayytç). Bristol. Polit. iii. 14, 14. PatriXeia, aç (>'/), 1. regal power, the dignity of king : Haï rov re *i?i\i7nrov vlùy W^vvray Cjç It:\ JDa'/), prop, power of the master over the slave, dominion, despotic or absolute power, such as that of the king of Persia : T/)»' (juaiXéioç tov ptydXov cta-jroriiay. Isocr. Archid. ST]|XOKpaTia, nc (»'/), democracy : Ka\ oyofia fièy hà to f^i)) t'c oXiyovç àW îç nXeioyaç iJKtiy Cii^ioKpUTia KiKXr}rai. T/iuc. ii. 37. SioiKTjais, itûç (//), administration, internai or domestic ; in a more special meaning, political administration : BuvXn ovy /^'î»', iûy TTwç >ifit'tç iKEiyij) ty^et^ûfitfia un ov^éy enny ÎKiTt'jCivfia làioy yvyaiKt Trpùç ^loit^ijaiy irvXtuç ; Plat. Pol. v. 455, b. Sok'ao-xeîa, tir (»'/), ruling power, which has had its origin in force, or which results from the position or force of cir- cumstances, arbitrary power or authority, in Thucydides : "On-ff) ft tort rùmnç f.ity Ka\ rÇ auxppoyiaTitTui t » airiwraro»', iyyvTiiTit) It rvpâyyov, ItjyuaTtiu JXiywi' ày^pùiy f(j^£ rà 7r()fi'y^firu. Thuc. u. G2. In a more general sense, power, ruling power: Uùiç ?//r' t^oi Tvpayiiç îi^iioy tx"*'> ^PX^I^ (iXîiïïOV K(ù Cvyaariiaç tcftv ; Soph. Œd. lî, 593. 101. 103 r\y€iL0VLa, aç (>'/), is specially used of the precedency in (1 01) dignity or supremacy, which certain cities of Greece [e. g. Sparta and Athens] exercised over all the rest at certain periods [for which the term Hegemony is beginning to be naturalized] : "Eort èè tovto ovk iXcij^^iarov npoç iiysfxoviav' irpvg yap 7ci Trpwroi' i/ o dôpidroç rvpavvic, Aris- tot. Rhetor, i. 8. oXiyapxta, aç (>/), authority or government of a small number of persons, oligarchy: 'lljTiv ^xiv yap ij nôXiç rare tTvy^ai ev cure nar okiyap-)^lay laôvo^oi' iroXirtvovaa, u'vTE Kara. èrjjxoicpaTiav. Thuc. iii. 62. iroXiTÊta, UQ (ji), constitution of a state, form of govern- ment : XpwjUida ydp TroXireii^i où i^rjXovtrr} tovç tHjv TriXaç vopovQ. Thuc. ii. 37. iroXvKotpaviTi, r]ç (>}), aulliorily of several chiefs, in war only : OÛk àyadbv TïoXvKoipavij]' lir Koioavoç taTW. II. ii. 204. TTpwT€Lov, ov {t6), first rank, primacy : Uùiç ydp itrriv l(Tov .... Ti)i' TToXii' ....)) TrpnEi(jTi']Kti TOJi' âXXwv 'EXX?'/- rwy TEwg kui to TrpujTtiov tlye. Dem. Phil. iv. 151, 8. Tupai'i'iç, îcoç (?;), sovereignty usurped over a free city. This word, whence comes our tyranny, had at first among the Greeks the meaning of sovereign power, of royalty : 'AîrooTeptlç ror Trarépa r?/Ç rvpavt icog ; Aristoph. Av. 1605. Later, Socrates, according to Xenophon, thus de- fined it : T»)i' ^EV yap EKoi'Tbjy re rùiy dydpojirwy icai Kara vôjJiovç Twy ttoXewj/ dpyijy j'jatriXtiay rjyE~tro' Ti)y es dicôyrwv re Kai /Jit) icara yô^ovg dXX' oirwg v ap^wv IjovXoito, rvpav- vicci. Xen. Mem. iv. 6, 12. 'II Tvpavyig iari ^oyap')(iii TTpùg TO (7viJ(pépoi' rù rov ^ioyupyjwyrog. Aristot, Polit. iii. 104 102. (101) 7, 5. We see from these two definitions, that in the time of Xenophon the word had been subject to modification, and a change had passed over its meaning, which was afterwards irrevocably attached to it by Aristotle ; we may even presume, that in almost all Greece, composed of free states, and cherishing the love of liberty even to fanaticism, the odious feelings we connect with the word were early attached to it ; and the use made of it by Aristophanes in the fig. sense, may tend to prove this : Tavra a'lr o'v etna Kai rvpuyiîç iariy tfi(f>aviiQ ; Aristoph. J esp. 417. rayeia, aç (ij), government or power of the rciydç, a title which the Thessalians gave to their chief, according to Xenophon : KarecTKtvdaaTO tijv rayiiay rvpairiii. vfioiay. Xen. Hellen. vi. 4, 34. 102. 102 àpy^\, !](; {Î]), office, magistracy : 'Eyw yap, to 'Adijya'wi, àXXrjy fity àn-^i]y ov^ijiiay Trwrore i)pl,a iy -rj TroXti, ifioi/- Xevaa cL Plat. Apol. 32, b. XeiToupyia, «ç (//), public and onerous charges, to which the richest citizens in the Grecian cities were subjected ; these charges were, e. g. that of chorêgus, which obliged them to furnish and entertain at their expense the chorus that was to compete in the feasts of Bacchus [Diony- sus] ; that of trierarch, which obliged them in time of war to furnish a galley and support the crew, the state fur- nishing nothing but the hull and rigging. At Athens, those upon whom these burdens fell, were chosen by lot from among the citizens whose property was rated at three talents: Kai tovtiov iyu ovce^uiy Trpûipaffiy Troirjaâfityoç, ovTE on Tpit]nap-)^Û) naf oùv â»' tyio/^jfj»' £vo Xeirovpyiaç Xtirnvpyt'iy, ovct o'l yôfioi iwaiy. Dem. in Poli/clet. 120i), 2. Liturgy, form or office of Divine ti-ors/iip, in the Septuagint and N. T. : Kui Trarra rn oKtvi] rTj<; Xtirovpylaç tÇ alfiaTi ô/Lioiùic îi^pàfTKre. llcbr. ix. 21. tAoç, ioç (to), function of a post of honour, or public oflicc, i. e. the duty or duties proper to it : Aoyt^o/itrov S" (> l\av(T/), exercise, is used as a general terra for all 103 exercises, although Ammonius and other grammarians would restrict the use of it to the art of oratory, and the dramatic art ; thus Xenophon uses it in speaking of such bodily exercises as are applicable to war : 'EyvwKortc ovy Kai avTol -avTU evdiiç Èk naiêioy npoç tov Karà yï]v vôXefioy Ti]v atjKrjffLv TToioïivTai. Xen. Hellen. vil. 1, 8. And fig. : Kat iTZLfie\i]Tiov 6wu)ç fii) àii'iCTOVffi rtjv Tijç àpsTriQ à/), the action of exercising, principally in gymnastic exercises ; hence, exercise : Tag ^£ ol6y Tivag fiEÎ^ovç yvfiyaainc fii) iXarroy i) Kara fifjya EKaaroy irotii- aQ»L 7rpo(Tra|£t. Plat. Legg. viii. 830, d. Fig. applied to the art of logic, in Aristotle : Tj)»' ck yv/dyaciay àiroèoTtoy TÙjy fièy iivaKTiKwv Trpoç rior. Aristot. Topic. 8, 5. yufjn'daioi', ov (jo), gymnastic exercise only ; in this sense good writers only use it in the plural : " Aaicei rwy Trepi to (Twfia yvfjivaaiwy /u») rà tt/joç Ti)y pwj-irjy àXXà ra Trpoç Trjv vyitiay (TV[.i(pépoyTa. Isocr. ad Demon. 14. It is found however in the singular in Plutarch : '^(jjKpâreL yvjuvatnoy 7)»' ov(c ài]C£ç i] opi^Tjcftç. Plut, de Sanit. 124, e. In this number it signifies, ordinarily, in good writers, the place of exercise itself, the gymnasium. YujjLvaoTfJLa, a-oç (jo), is only found in modern authors, object of exercise, end proposed in it ; it is found in Athe- naeus, and in Lucian applied to bodily exercises, and to exercises in rhetoric in Dionysius of Halicarnassus : Tvfx- laff/Lxarci re Kai d(TKi]}iaTa Trjg prjropiKriç. Dion. Hal. Art, Rh. ii. 1. yufit'aoTiK'q, ^c (//), fem. of yvj-iyacrriKOc, used as a subst. with ellipse oi-iyjr], the gymnastic (art) : Mtra ?>) /uou- 106 104. (103) aiKt)y yvfxyatrriKJj doEitrioL o'l reaiiai. Plat, Polit, iii. 403, c. fieX^TT), »jc (>/), is used cbiefly of exercises that require reflection, and the application of the intellectual faculties, as the study of the arts and sciences ; No^t^w fjirroi nâaav ^uCTti^ ^aHi'iffti KCÙ fjitXtrr] Trpvç ài'êpelai' av^tadai. Xen. Mem. iii. 9, 2. o-wfAttCTKia, nç (//), exercise of the body only : Kal ly «rw- fxaoKitf. TOVÇ (Tuij-iafficovyTac. Xen. Mem. iii. 9, 11. 104. 104 àam'ç, icoç (»/), great round shield, in use in ancient times. It was ordinarily made of wicker-work (of willows or osiers), covered with ox-hides, and over them with plates of metal. Sometimes it was entirely made of brass or some other metal, as that of Achilles (//. xviii. 478). It was often large enough to cover the whole man, whence the poet, epithet irocqyeKtiç, in prose, 7roô/pr/r, reaching down to the feet : Aùr<\ct c àairica fity Trpvad' l(t\ito irdyroae "iffijy, Kn\>'/)', -^^aXKtirjy, tiZ/Xaro»-, ijy apa ^aXicivç i]\a(T£v, tvTO(rOe.y ci ftotîaç pdxpe dafieidç -^pvaeioiç pd/ocoi(Ti Cirjvt- Keaiv TTtpl Kv^Xoy. II. xii. 294. SvTv|, vyoç (»/), fr. àvTi\ut, prop, pari rising out, up, or beyond another, a semicircular rod or rods of wood or metal which made the circumference (Iri'j;) of the round shield (uffTrif) ; forming a raised edge, in which the word differs from ïruç : hence, generally, rim or border of the shield, in the Iliad and the Tragic writers, where some translators have given the word the too exact signitication of shield: 'Avtv^ i] irvftiirti Oity àa-Triêoç. II. vi. 118. Poûç, o()ç (>'/), ox, and by ext., skin of the ox, or dressed hide, with which the shields were covered ; hence, the shield itself in Homer : Bôaç avaç ûv^ôa àya/ 'Pw^atK';) TratoTrXia irpùiToy f.uv 6v^)e6ç, oii to fikv irXd- TOÇ i/), shield, carried by the light-armed troops of the Romans, parma : 'H êè Trdpfit] kuI hvva/diy éj^ei ttj KaTaai^Evr], kul jj-iyidoc àpKovv Trpùç àaipâXeiav' Trepicpeptic ■yap oiiaa ti3 tr-^ixari, Tp'nvEÎov tj^ei ttiv hidfierpov. Polyb. vi. 22, 2. ireX-n], jjc (>/), fr. ttoXXw, pelta, small light shield without rim, and covered with a single skin. It was in use among the Thracians, and was introduced among the Greeks by Iphicrates, about the year b. c. 400 : Peltam pro parma fecit, a qua postea peltastœ pedites appellantur {Corn. Nep. Iph, i.). Iphicrates armed with it the troops called on this account TreX-aorat {targeteers), a body ranging between the heavy-armed infantry (oTrXIrai), and the light-armed {\LiXoi). The shape of this shield was that of a half-moon, according to Virgil : Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis {Virg. Mn. i. 494). Pollux gives it a somewhat 108 105, 106. (101) different shape: UiXti] 'A^a^orui) vaoeotcvla Kirrov rfraXw. Poll. i. 134. ^iv(is, ov (Ô and »y), flayed skin of a beast, particularly dressed ox- h irh, and by ext. in poetry, shield with coverings of leather : 'S.vv p t/3aXo»' fHVovç, aiv I' îy\ia gai fti^■l' àvcoùiu xa\Kto9moi)Kii)v. 11. iv. 447. (raKOf, COÇ (to), accordinj» to Damm, (r. , //) (airu), of or belonging to the city, citizen, one who lices in the city, lives in toicn ; used only prop., in opp. to «ypoîkoç : Aùrat ai mrovcai tytioiro reXtvriJjyroç roîi ^eifxîjyoç ufui yoL it: Aïoi utrio;»' evOvç rwy àaTVKÙty. Thuc, v. 20. Où ^ffiddq^a àypoÎKvjç , ôW itarvKo. yiiXia dXiptiv. Theocr. Id. xx. 4. àoTcîos (ô, >/), urbanus, used only fig. civil, polished by residence in the city, full of urbanity, tvitty, agreeable, entertaining : Iltùç ov^ oii-oi àtrrt'iui ur Kal tv^^^dpireç cii;ai6- repoy oi ofiâi^oitTO ^âWoc, *; àXai^ôyic ; Xen. Cyr. ii. 2, 12. doTcSs, ctffr//, one born in the town, a native of it, citizen, bourgeois, in opp. to Uroç. According to Eustathius this word was used only by the Attics : Tavra Kai ytuTtp^, Kal irptfflivTtpb) orif) hy iyTvy\dy' ritç woaç tî)ç vvktoç ef-Kpai'll^Ei. Xen. Mem, (106) iv. 3, 4. Aristotle is the first in whom the difference in meaning is to be remarked. {" Aarpov, sing., is especially the Dog-star, Sirius : e.g. Xen. Cyn. 4, 6, tov aarpov ÈTriÛVTUÇ.j TrXctfT]?, TfToç (o), and TTXai'ï)TYiç, ov (ô), prop, wandering, taken substantively with ellipse of ciaTi'ip, wandering star, PLANET : "H/Xtoç Kcù aeXyi'i] /.al Tvivre âWa âorpa iKÎKXrjy 'i)(oi'Tci TvXdi'riTeç. Plat, Tim. 38, c. [TrXavjjra, Bait.^ lipoç êè rovroiç Knl o't AlyvTrnoi (patn, Kaï tCjv irKavrjTwv kul irpoç avTOvç, Kul Trpoç rovç awXayuc yireadai avvolovç. Aristot. Meteor, i. 6. 107. dorpofofjita, aç (?/), ASTRONOMY : 'TiTnan'jfirj irEpi &(Trpo)y 107 TS (popàç Kcii èriavTÙv wpaç àarporofila huXeItcii. Plat. Conv, 188, b. do-TfoXoyia, aç (//), in Xenophon, where it is first found, this word has been improperly translated by astronomy : 'E/ce'XfUE êè kui ùaTpoXoyiaç èfnrtlpovç yiyreadni Kaï Tavrrjç ^évTOi /ifXP' "^^^ rviCTOQ Tt âpav Ka\ lurjtoç /cat tvuivTov èvi'aadui yiyi'wcTKeii'. Xen. Mem. iv. 7. Critics have en- deavoured to substitute in this passage the reading àcrrpo- vofxiu, a correction which appears useless, since the word is found also in Aristotle. It would appear then, that there existed as early as the time of Xenophon a sort of appli- cation of astronomy to the art of divination, or astrology in fact, although the word itself is not found till a later date in Greek writers, in the precise sense which it holds in modern languages, astrology : "AXXot ct àcrrpoXoyîav à\pev- êéa iiév, àv(j)/âç re Trpoirâaaç. II. ii 493. — 2. In narrations and ennmeratinns, again, once more, then arjain, after that : ^ivrtpor av ^oXv^mat nn-^^iiaaro. II. vi. 184. — 3. In dialogues, replies, and repartees [= in return ; in his turn"] ; but this use of av appears to be more frequent in the Odyssey than in the Iliad : To»' S" av TtjXi^ia'^oç ircTrvvjiiroc iirTiov Tf'vCa. Od. iv. 496. avre, compound and poet, synom. of av, and with tlie same mean- ings. Hence the Latin aiitem. It is principally used in replies, a use which belonjjs to it more particularly in the Iliad; Tov ê' avTt irpoatiiTTt 0fà yXavKwTTiç 'Aôijvij. //. i. 20C. ouôiç (or with the lonians, who rejected aspirated words, auTiç), derived from and synon. with av, and preserving be- sides the primitive sense, backward ; hence the notion of return, repetition. It answers to the inseparable particle re, in Latin and English, and is used witli verbs of motion. Thus UVTIÇ in Momer, with léiai, expresses the notion, 1. to go bach, to retrace one's steps : Tw c avnç iri])' Traph rijaç 'A-)(^uiù>v. 11. i. 347- — 2. To come again to a place where one had already been : yit) at, yipof, KoiXriaiy tyù» irai/a vr)va\ Kiyji'nj), f/ rvv ^tjdvfora, Ty varfoor avrir 'ioira. II. i. 27. "a tfi'oi, tXdtr i-zt'iXvCiç avdtç. Soph. Phil. 1190. Hence the significations, very common in prose, of anew, pr sentli/, again, on another occasion, hg-and-by : Koî iâv T£ rîit' It'trrt avdiç ^prj/ff/jrE ravra, ovtwç e'vpiiirtrt. Plat. Apol. 10. In Plato av is sometimes found joined to avdiç, and the grammarians improperly consider the one or the other redundant : "Oro»- .... Ka\ avOiç uv Xiytjre on ■yiyi wTKiov Ô ardpunroc TÙyadh vpar-tiy ovk lOiXei .... Plat. Prot. 3r)5, b. a\|/, almost always an adverb of place, prop. ; in Homer it is some- times used fig. in the sense of TraXiv : 'Axp iOiXvj àpiaai. II. x'lx. 138. •trdXi»', in a contrary manner to the preceding particles, has ])reserved its proper meaning, back, bachward, which is always the prevalent one ; it does indeed indicate also repetition, but exclusively in reference to a single fact, in which it ditfers from the preceding particles ; 109. Ill with the verbs to go, to come, to give, it also answers to (108) the Latin and English particle re, expressive of the repe- tition of the action ; hence, fig. again, anew, rursus, re : 'AXAo v«t wc idiXd) ^ô/.t£j/ai 7ra\u', tl roy â/diiiov. II. i, 116. 'FiTr£po)Ti]delc ce ttuXip virù ri/ç ju>jrpùç ^tà r/ ; Xen. Cyr. i. 3, 13. Kaî 6rav ah ttÛXlv ifKiijjv yirrjTai, evda Kai yfûy êfjXôi' (.(itiv Ôtl el irpomorépu) ctTrEtcrtv àTroTrayrjaùjueda VTTO Tov '^l/vyovc, TraXiv au TpiivzaQni Kcii wpoa^ioptir. Xen. Mem. iv. 3, 8. Tn this remarkable passage we see the two particles av and 7râ\n' used together, a combination of frequent occurrence, and which the grammarians accused of pleonasm, only because they had lost sight of the funda- mental and customary significations of these particles. This may be observed of the following passage, in which the three particles are used together by the poet, and may be rendered in French by their equivalents : AvdLç uZ TTiiXiy tiatiiii irpùç ae i^tXoç, o'vk ^X'^'' Tpo(p>iy, Soph. Phil. 940, je reviens donc encore vers toi, sans armes, sans nourriture. 109. aÔTiKO, adverb, according to Buttmann, is formed of avToc 109 and u-a, accusative of the old form Vl,, whence the Latins took their vix, vicis, in the very instant, at the instant, at the present, at the same instant, sometimes, at the same time, directly : " Afia r aWiKa kuX jj.ETEivi.LTa, Od. xiv. 403. M^ (pojjridÉpreç to avTiKa ëeirôv {not fearing the present danger). Thuc. \. 124. irapaoTiKa, adverb, compound and synon. of the above ; almost always found with the article : 'Eyw to napavTiica fief ovK È(Tio(j)p6}'£oy. Herodot. vii. 15. Trapaxp^iiAa, adverb, for Trupa to xp>7f"» immediately, instantly, at once : Où yap av h']7rov, e'iye (ppôrifioy del yeré- adai TOV f.iiXXovTa (Toxpnova taecrQai, ■Kapa")(^prif.ia II, ncppovog ail)(pp(i)v civ TIC yiroiTo ; Xen. Cyr. iii. 1, 10. aÙToPoeî {avTÔç, /3o//), adverb, literally, as quick as cry it, with a shout, at the first shout, i. e. without any serious resistance : 'Erô/Lito-ai' avTojioei av t))v irùXiv kXtiv. Thuc. ii. 81. AvTofioû av eXoi/ui to yv/ivAcriov. Luc. Gymn. 33. It is found used for avTii^a in Heliodorus. eùôu's and eûGe'wç (evdûç), adverb, directly, straightway : L 2 112 110. ( 109) 'ETTtttaV iiTTi'idf], elOvç TreiTuvTui 7//ç àOpnam'Tjç, Xen. Ci/r. iii. 1, 10. aiv|/a nnil at^ap, adverbs, formed, according to Damm, the first from the future ui/zo;, and the second from ^i^a, perfect of utrru}, imme- diately, at once, furthwitU : ' Aipap ici toi avriica £ovvai j3ov\oifitiv. i/. xxiii.593. A't\l/a êï iniaç itdj^i, //. ii. 065. [Pape suggests ac^vi/C for a'lxpa, and mentions that some refer â'»'/- ytTo TTfpt fjéaaç vvKntç, wç tsUTrtj'aiwc irpocnrlaoï. Xen. Hellen. i. 6, 20. ^|aî<^VT)9. in Homer and the more modem poets : Hvp ôpfiivov iKni(pv7)ç. II. XXI. 14. Also in the prose writers : "SofiH^ovai Ttveç âviv irapaiTKfvîiç Knl tTrintXiiaç avrôfiaroi i^ai(}>vi]ç êvvarbv Tavra irotiXy îataOai. Xen. Mem. iv. 2, G. aï^vT];, a<|>vb> and â(t>v(i>9, simple forms, which according; to the more RCJicral opinion come by syncope from àipavUiç, but which may be wiili greater probability also derived, by interchange of letters, from the old adjective «Trivoj;. at((>vi)S is found at the close of the Iphigenia in Auiis of Euripides, a part of the play which ilie critics agree in assigning to a more modern hand : Qaii/ia 5' »)i' aii'i8înr)8<^i' and al<|>nf]Sti, according to the grammarians, were j)eculiar to the Alexandrine writers : they are no where found in ancient authors. 110. 110 à4>pôs, oï) ((')), fr. à for I'tiw and pjï fuipfivpoyra l^ûv, àyd t t^pafi ùirlaatti. II. v. 599. V\tpi T wppoi: ùc()yTaQ yiyvtrai. II. xx. 168. *X*^' VC ('/)i fr. à and (^w [No. oo \v6oc, Xa'xi'»;, lanugo. Pape, I.iditell and 6'ro//], prop, uieuns a thing without consistence, and 111. 113 is used of every light object that floats and hovers about, as straw or (110) chaff, particles of water, minute drops of moisture dispersed ?bout the air, &c. It is in diis last sense, and not of the sea-foam ;is the com- mentators explain it, that we must understand the word in the fol- lowing admirable Homeric picture: Kvfia 9a\â(T/), fr. (pm]y, one who is deficient in sense, 11 1 or good sense, senseless, imprudent, imprudens, amens : Ovre yap ear' a0pu»i', ovr aoKoKoc, ovr ci\ it t) fiio y . IL xxiv. l.'iT. t)pp. to (ppûrifioç in Plato : ^v^w oh riiv pèv ^iicaiay, Ttjf ce àèiicày (jiuaiu elyai, Kai t^v pev épôyipoy, ~))y ^£ âépoya ; Plat. Soph. 247, a. â<{>paS'qs (ô, r'l), one who does not reason, senseless: T<^ vvv fivri- (TTtjowy fjity ta jSovXtjv Tt vôov te àtppadsuu. Od. ii. 282. à4>pa.S|jLcov (ô, >/), more recent form : 'Srj'iSeg âyQpwTTOi Kcil à(ppâ- ëfioviç. Hymn, in Cerer. 257. à€0'ip(dv (ô, r/), one whose head is injured, whose intellects are damaged: Eiaiv yap o'l TToideç, 6 Ô' êfnreëoç ovS' àtaicppioy. II. xx. 183. [ôàcrat, pui/ (ô, >/), one whose mind is warped, or has cjone astray [from reason or truth : hence unreasonable, foolish, &c.] : Et p)} 'yw ■Kupàippwv pcitriç ecpvy, Kcd yjuj^aç Xei- TTopéra crocpàç. Soph. Electr. 472. TTapa4>poi'ûi', oiiyToQ (ô), one who is deranged [is not him- self ; opp. IV ^porwt'] : 'Q,Q dpyaXioy irpayp iariy, a) Xeït Kaï dtoi, CuiiXoy yeiéadai irapuippoyovyToç Semro-uv, Aris- toph. Plut. 2. \_6aa Cl ycoyfig av pedvaKoyra. napâchpoyag TTOLÛ. PI. Legg. 649, d.] dj3eXTepog (o, >/), sill g , helpless : Kai yap ctr apeXrepw- rciToç eiï] TrdiTiijy dyduûjTvujy, el. Dem. Philipp, iii. 14. â|3ou\os (ô, ?/), without consideration, inconsiderate, ill- advised, rash, inconsidtus, in the Tragic writers: 'E-rrfjy è' L 3 114 111. (11 1) à/ia'prjj, KÛroç ovk tr kar àvf)p âfiovXoç obS" àroXfonç, uariç £ç ca^or TTffTw»' àkt'irai ^rjo' aVtiTjroç ttÉXei. So]^}!. Antig. 1023. [Also in prose: ài^ovXoTtpioy rùy iyavriwi- 7V)(^6v- Twv. Th. i. 120.] àXôyioToç (ô, »'/), one who does not reason, unreasoning, unreasonable, void of reason [hence heedless, rash, &'c.] : Tic ovrwç dX6yi(Troç »; riç ov~ti)ç udXioç eariy ootjç tKojy ày fiiay ^pa-^jii'iy f.QtXî}(jiuv àiciXûcat ; Dem. in IMidiam, 536, 7. àcous (ô, >;), fr. yoïiç, prop, without intelligence : N>jTÛrt' ùjç âyovy icpacir^y t\ec. II. xxi. 441. àk'aîoôrjToç (ô, »/), deprived of sense, senseless : WXXâ, Trpoç dtù>y uvTio iricaiùç et kui àyaiadijroç. Dem. de Cor. 36. àvoi^fiuv (ô, »}), fr. àvocuj, synon. of âvovç, in the Odyssey : TijXI- fiax ovc' ôirtOev kokùç laatai oi'C' àvotifi/), fr. a and votw, passively, incomprehensible : "Af^patrr i)c' dyoïjra citTXiKe Bav^arU tpya. Hom. Hymn. Mere. 80. [So Plat. Phœd. 80, b. opp. i ofjrôç.] Actively in Plato : II iv àtcpâaty ovrioç aïoi'/roiç, iHairep ol —tùceç. Plat. Gorg. 464, d. [Not only in Plato ; usually of per- sons (especially children) ; unreflecting, thoughtless, fool- ish : .ilso opp. Trpoi o»/ri(v(ic, Xen. Mem. i. 3, 9 ; and to (Twôpwy, (Tdxppoywy, Dem. \S>ili, \2. oi things : cvlai, iXiri- ctç, senseless, irrational, PI. ; ùi o>;ror, dementice est, Th. vi. 11.] àovvcTOÇ (Ô, »/), one who does not comprehend, void of iinderstavd- ing : Ov yap ToaoîiToy àavyiTOÇ iriipVK' iyû. Eur. Phœn. 1612. [Common with Thuc. in the old Att. form, àÇiJi'froi'.] ào-vvi))iwv (ô, >/), synon. of the above: Ei h' à^vvijpuiv ovtra fitj SfXV Xoyou. JEsch. Agam. 10G8. i]\i6i,<}^ {Ù, y), foolish [as suhst, a fool], vanus : 'UXidioç Bt Kai ft TIC o'ieTai Cià Toy irXovroy ptj^ey iirioTapeyoc èôlEty Ti dyaOoç ehai. Xen, Mem. iv. 1, .'). [Cf. t'/Xâç in pévaç yXi, II, xv. 128 : '^ àXào^iai, Src] p.(>)po9, pa (pad), ?), one who is carried away or blinded by liis desires ; hence, mad, fig. ; foolish : .\tytoy vrt fiui- f)ùç /iti' t'tt) £1 TIC o'iiTHi fill puUùy T(i te ù/(piXtpn «:oi rà /î\a/3fpà Ttijy TTpaypuTuy ùuyi ûtataOui. Xen. Mem. iv. 1,5. 112. 115 VTJirios (ô, )/), fr. vi] and tiniiv, one who does not spea/:, epithet of (l 1 1) naîç to designate the age of infancy, infans : JlaXë' tni (cô\7ry txova' àTa\d(ppova, viîwiov avrutç. 11. vi. 400. This epitliet is constantly found in Homer, who frequently uses it in an exclamatory way (by epiplionema), in the slighting or pitying sense which we attach to the word child, in common talk, as expressive of weak, thoughtless, childish conduct : IliiQôntvoç fivQoiciv 'AttoWwvoc .... vijirioc. II. xx. 295. VTjiruTios (Ô, 17), fr. vq and rfKvu), synon. of the same family, but especially used as a tminting name in the Iliad, as we use baby, &c. : yiTjirvTie, ri vv ro^ov tx"t' àvtfjiwXiov avrug ; II. xxi. 474. iTapi]opos (0, ?'/), name of the supernumerary horse, attached to the usual number belonging to the carriage, outrigger ; hence, fig. \_ecce71tric, perverse, foolish'] French, extravacjant: 'EtteI ovti ■Kupliopoç ovè' deaicppioi' j'/cQa ircipoç. II. xxiii. 603. Under the Doric form Trdpapos in Theo- critus : Taîid' 6 irâpapoç Tijvoç in 'tw. Xen. Anab. i. 2, 1. Hence, in general, to go, to travel, go hg land or sea : 'Eç>' iTTnov )(pv(To^U/\t»'Oii TTEiitfiyEt', wa~tp Kill uliTuç tiwQii TTopev- tadui. Xen. Cgr. i. 3, 3. iruXccp. vrpoc ma, Th. i. S ; and espe- cially as a military term, both of marching against an enemy {Èvarrlm t^^povy toIç Tltpaaiç, Xen. Cgr. vii. 1, 32) ; vfioae yjoptii' {to join battle) ; and of marching by a particular route. Sec, e. g. ku-ù y»/»', Th. ii. 45.] 114. » 114 pdXXti.k', to throw in general, speaking of every kind of projectile, or missile weapon ; aKovriXyf^iv, to hurl a dart ; Toleueic, to draw the bow, to shoot arrotvs ; (T^iyhovâv, to sling, to hurl stones with the sling. .Ml these words are found together in the following passage of Xeno- phon : Kfii ol /.itv \l/iXo\ ivOvç ît:!'paf.iotT€ç i/i^ùi n^uy, ipuX- Xvy, tTi'i^tvoy, itriptyCoi wy, \cn. llellen. ii. 4, 33. SiKctv, is found only in the second aorist ; to cast, hurl, in Pindar, and the Tragic writers: AiKuty ti'v alexia noyrov. Eiir. Oust. 9U2. 115, 116. 119 leVai, to let go, let loose, let fly, shoot: ^Ii/C£ ^' £7r'(114) 'Apye/ojcrt Koicor f3éXoç. IL i. 382. lâXXïiv, derivative and synonymous of the above, to shoot: 'H pa Kal àWov oiffTov aVô vtvpijipiv "taWiv. 11. viii. 300. KpaSaivciv, to brandish: KpaSdwv SoXixoffKiov tyxog. II. vii. 214. iraXXeic, to shake, ac/iiate ; hence, to brandish : Alràp 6 êoîios ^îni) (;£/copu9/^(£)'a -^uXkiô TraXAwr. IL iii. 18. piTireii', to cast down, fling down [in pr. and impf. pnrrdy also ; with 7io difference of meaning] : O'l fxtv pnvTovvTeç Ènvrovç, ol êè (ntay^ôiievoi. Xen. Cyr. iii. 1, 14. piTnaXfiiv, frequentative of the above, to throw, fling here and there, to overturn, to turn upside down : 'O 2' iirtypô- fievoç vfiXeVoirei' pnrrdi^wt' tcarci ciôy.u Oeovç. IL xiv. 257- [In prose, Hippocr. Plut.'] 11.5. PdXXeii/, to hit or wound with any missile or projectile ; 115 oûtSi', to wound from near, to strike by a hand-stroke. Homer establishes the meaning of both in one verse : 'Er vrjvaiv KéuTui (itftXrif-iivoi, ovrdixevoi re. IL xvi. 26. TiTpoiaKetc {rEipo}), -çro^i. tohore, pierce ; hence, generally, to wound : M»/7raiç Ïttttouç re rpw'o-jyç. //. xxiii. 341. And hy ext., to injure, hurt : Mj/ttwc oIvioOÉi'teç, 'epw (jrijaavrtc iv vfj'tf, àWi'iXovç rpiôfrï^TS. Od. xvi. 293. Tpaufi.aTi^ei»', to make a wound : 'Ei'ravOa cnroBt'ijrri^ovai rûAtç .... /cat 01 TTc'ivTEC WÇ OKTUKaleeicn rwu orpariwrw»', 01 fxiv KaraXevaQivTEç, ol êe tcaï rpav^ariadivreç, Xen. Hellen. iv. 3, 26. pXaTrreii', prop, to injure, to hurt, and sometimes, in historical narrations, implies wounding, although it should never be rendered by that word : Kat Xidovç elç rùr itotu- fior èppiirrovy, è^Krovt'TO Cs ov, oi/2' 'éfiXaiTToi' ovêév, Xen. A nab. iv. 8, 3. vvi' to'iç iiTvyj^ârovffi roiovroy, ware -Kai ràç tKtirtiJV irXeoytliag kui lyupv-ij-ac tvt:6X(i)ç vTTOfxirtiv. Plut. Pomp. 39. âxfloç, £oç (rtl), burden, with the notion of excess and difficulty attached to it, insupportable weight, prop, and more commonly fig. 'AW av-wg a^Soç ùpoûor/ç. Od. xx. 379. yô/ios, ov (Ô), that which fills, specially, freight of a vessel, cargo : Ta péyiara abrûiy Kai Trei-ui:iiT\i\îwy ra- Xf'tjTw»' yôpov EX*'* Herodot. i. 194. ôyKos, ou (ô), from the old verb ty/cw, to earn.', prop, that which is carried, considered with reference to the bulk, viass, moles: Tov-wy yap o piv oyKog iukoÔtu-oç. Xen. Cyr. vi. 2, II. adyp-a, arog {to), pack-saddle of a beast of burden : Ta aâyfia-u Twy vTro^vyiwy avfjtpopiitrayrtç kg v\poç t^ijpay. Plut. Pomp. 41. oTa9p,()ç, oïl {(')), that which weighs a thing, a weight : 'Urroy tÇ pc'ipet viii^ovaiy oi àpf^ôrroyreç TÙtv ùyappoarwv. Toy avToy aTuOf.iùy t-)(^oyTig. Xen. ISIem. iii. 10, 13. <|)6pTos, ou (ô), from opTor ayoipi. Od. xiv. 296. ^opriov, ov (ro), is a diminutive in form only, burden, load, prop, and fig. onus: 'EKÙyoy f^ul^oy / tcad" avrùy àpâpirov. Dem. in Epistol. 156. ^ôpr\p.a, arog (jo), that which is carried, any thing car- ried : OXiyov ^ily ov (popiifsari àAXo Trpuadiii-taTi ioii:a(Tiy. Xen. Memor. iii. 10, 13. 117. 117 PaCTiXeiîç, iug {v), from /îa/rttr and Xaoç, according to the giMuiniarians, stay, support of the people, or perhaps, one wlio makes the people move, go, at command ; king, by the right of succession, according to Plato's definition : RciffiXtùç iip^ioy Kara yof-iovg iiyvirifOviog. Dejin. 415, b. 117. 121 àyôç, ov (ô), sometimes civil or political head of a place, in the (117) ancient poets: 'Eyw 5i Trpôç acn\evç, is sometimes specially the archon king ; their peculiar duties are pointed out in the following passage of Demosthenes: 'AXAct ttov xP') XajSeh' cii^rjv ; .... TTciph T(ô âp-^om ; ovkovv £7ri(c\?'/pwj/ Kal ôpcpaviUv Kai tCjv TOKiwi' TÙ) ap'yovTL irpoerrÉTaicTai £7rtyu£Xf7(T0at ; âXXà J'») Af'ci TTcipà Tw joaaiXe'i' àXX' ovk kajitv yvfiyacriap^ot, ovêè àaejitiaç ovcéva ypafoj-uda' âXX' 6 TtoXkjxap'ypç f/Vâ^Ei. Dem. in Lacrit. 940, 10. aÛTOKpdTwp, opoç (é, j/), master of himself, ahsolide M 122 lis. (n't ) master, independent; plenipotentiary, when speaking of ambassadors : 'Htpidrj irpiapivriiç ilç AuKtcai^ova avro- (cpctrwp èttca-oç avTi'ic, Xen. Hellen. ii. 2, 17. In Plutarch, Lucian, and the writers of Roman history, {^Imperator^ emperor: AvroKpârwp te vko irâvTMV iKÙroç àyayopevtrai. Hcrodian. vi. 9, 9. t^ycjxcSf, ûvoç (ô), fr. ijyovfxai, leader, chief in war, officer: Avrùp tTrù KÔfffjTjdei' ufx yyspôytaatv ei:a(jTOi. II. iii. 1. Koîpavos, ov (ô), chief, invested for a time [?] with all the authority of a king, as Achilles was before the quarrel : Otnyiç îiytfiôyeç Aayaôjy Kal Kolpayoi })Tay. II, ii. 487. fiot'apxos, ov (Ô), MONARCH : 'Yno Qt'ipwroç 'AKpayav- rlicjy fiovyi'ipxov ii,e\adùç i^ 'ljÀtpr]ç. Herodot. vii. 165. ■noi\i.r\v, iyoç (ô), prop, one who tends the grazing of animals, shepherd, is often taken fig. in the Iliad, as the designation of princes, and of Agamemnon, whom even the other kings obeyed : 01 c' knayiaTriaav, -KiiQavTO te troipivi \aû)v ai;j]TrTOv\oi fyaaiXiJEc. IL ii. 85. Tupak-fos, ov (Ô), one who has obtained the crown with- out any hereditary right, usurper. This word, unknown to Homer, comes, according to some grammarians, from the Tiippipoi, a pirate people ; but it is better to consider it, as others do, analogous to Koipaynç. It is often used both in poetry and history for lyufriXEvc. It is the title given by Xenophon to Iliero, although this prince had legitimately succeeded his brother Gelo : ^iptoi î^rjç ô voiT)Tt)ç â^/vtrô TTOTE irpoç 'lÉpioya Tuy rvpayioy. Xcn. Hier. 1, 1. Very frequently it has the meaning of oxir word Tyrant, as, for instance, in the following striking passage : Ot yap TroXîrai (pvXârrovtTiy ottXoiç tovç jiaaiXElç, rovç ^È Tvpâyyovç ieyiKoy. Aristot. Polit, iii. 14, 7. [There is here no reference to personal cruelty and oppression : it is the defective title which, as naturally engendering distrust and suspicion, leads to tilt employment of mercenaries.] 118. 1 18 pâo-iç, fwc ('/)> BASE, point of stay or rest : "Oti irvOpiya ovK t^ii ovcè jn'ttTiy to vypijy tovto. Plat. Phccd. 112, b. pa6p.is, iàuç (»/), pedestal of a statue, in Pindar: 'AyciX- ^ar' In uvtCic jlnOf-iiloç tcrraoT. Ncm. v. 3. 119. 123 Pâôpoi', ov (tu), point of stay or rest, fig. base : Kot miXiv H 18) tc^eu avT))i' fiETci aruxppocTvvtjç ey ctyrw jJciOfx^ jjefsuiaai', sees her [i. e. Beauty] resting with Temperance on a pure base or pedestal. Plat. Phœdr. 254, b. ^ufjios, ov {(')) (/3ftai), pedestal in Homer : Xpva-eioi c' cipa tcovpoi kvhfx^iT(i)v tKi (iùjfjiùiy taracrap, Od. vii. 100. 0€fxAios, ov (Ô), and OefieXioc, ov {to), foundation : Ot defxéXioi TTUPToîiov Xldojy vnÔKeivrai. Thuc. i. 93. The neuter de/AiXioy is found in Xenophon; but both words occur in the plural only, in good authors ; the singular is only to be met with in the grammarians and Fathers. 6e(j.e0\ov, 01» (to), synon. of the above : Tov TOO' vtt' è/), fr. ev and 'Iffrrji-u, well-established, well- settled, solid : 'Eicroç ivaradeoQ daXc'ifxov rov p civtoq eiroui. Od. xxiii. 178. Fig. firm: 'Ey olç o^vç ajxa kuX ■Trap' ïjXiKÎay £v(TTad))ç (paiyo/JEvoç. Plut, Pomp. 4. [A term of the Epicureans ; healthy, sound in body and mind.] crraSioç, ia Çi(jTr]p,i), 1. that which remains in its place, stationary : 'EraSit] vafiivrj. 11. xiii. .314. araSia pâxt] in Thucydides, who affects poetic language. 2. that which keeps itself straight or upright, which cannot bend, stiff: Kai tot up' Au]Tr]C TTtpi fiiv (TTÎfitaaiv ttOTO 6wpj]Ka (JTOoiov. Ap. Rhod, iii. 1225. [So CTaë. xirwV.] oTaôepôç, a {'icrTrjfii), stable, stationary, stagnant ; hence, by ext. not agitated, calm, tranquil, both prop, and fig. : "QiOTTEp El, ÙÉpOÇ EvêlOV Kul (TTCldepOV TToXvç m'Ej-lOÇ KUTCippa- M 2 124 120, 121. {\19) y^k- D. Hal. de Dem. 7. Fig.: 'II c' ùotri] aradepôt' rt (kOj àrpoiroy. AnOiol. Paul. SU. 7J. ordCTifAos (Ô, »'/) (Jcnij^i), prop, staid, stationary, stag- nant, Jixed ; hence, by ext., composed, tranquil: 'Er v?uti vraai^if (in stagnant water). Xen. Œcon. 20, 11. It has also an active signification, that which stays or stops any thing: ^rciai^oc aljjaroç (having the power of staunching blood ; styptic). Hipp. 038. [Of ;)e?-50H5, it refers to bottom ; having strength and firmness to hold out. Polyb.~\ orepeôç, n, oy ("kt-tjiui), prop.^rm, hard, prop, and fig.: Tw c' Wvç iJtiTtjf, poiriç elXvfiiviJ û^ovç aujjffi ffreptrjffi. II. xvii. 493. [_Plat. : also solid, as geometrical technical term. Aristot."] 120. 120 Pe'Xos, BOÇ (ro) (/yâWoi), i/îg cfaW cas/, <^e action of casting it, any weapon that is cast or shot, both the act of hitting and the wound occasioned by it [Cf. 121]. Homer employs it to explain the sharp pangs of child-birth : 'ilg c o'df ùicirovaav iyri ^liXoç oi,v yvvuÀKa. II. xi. 269. PoXi], j}ç (»/), action of casting, throwing, cast, range of any missile weapon : Mt^pt XiOov Kai ÙKoyTÎov /3oAi;c ^X*^" prjffuy. Thuc. V. 05. P6Xoç, ov (o), cast, chiefly used of the cast of a net, of dice, and of shedding or casting the teeth in Aristotle : OvTOi yap XiyovTai. ttvai ùpaioi /îoXoi. Aristot. H, An. viii. 19. 121. 1 2 1 PeXoç, toç (rô), the generic name for every missile tcea- ^o?(, whether shot, or darted, or thrown as stones, &c. : K«i rci \^iXr] opoat iipépero, \6y\ni, Toitvpara, trcpeyôùyai, TrXe'iff-oi c' Ik rHiy j^ejpûi»' Xidoi. Xen. Anab. v. 2, 14. PAcp.vov, ov (ro), synon. of ^iXoç, only in flie plural : Oi'f* ta iifitvai tTTi "Eeropi TTticpa jikXtftva. II. xxii. 206. %6vai, koç (//), reed, of which the shaft of the arrow is made; and by ext., arrow: Ko/ piy /3a\£ jiripiy oianp hliôt' UXûadi] ^è êôyal. II. xi. r)83. 16^, oîi (ô), what is shot with the bow, arrow : Oi'k âv toi XP"'" Ofiyat ftiôç Kai rapfifç toi. II. xi. 'MIT. KTJXov, on (rô), prop, split wood of which darts or arrows were made ; hence, poet, itart, arrow : 'EvJ-ij^np ftiy àvà arparôv VX""" ^'î'^» Ototo. //. i. 5;<. [Kat'w. V.V (cal'Xoc. ] 122, 123. 125 ôïotôç, ov (ô), poet, and rare in the historians, arrow : (121) xV/y^f l3i6ç, vEvpt) êè ^éy' 'iaj(^Ev, dXro S' ôiirrùç ô^vfiéXrjç. IL iv. 125. To^eufia, aroç (rô), 1. range of the bow: 'Etteio) £(c TÔ^ev^â ye àcpii^oirro {within bow-shot). Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 23. 2. arrow : Kal àTrtK-en'ày rifaç (cai Xldoiç (cat ro^evfiacn Karérptixray, Xen. Anab. iv. 1, 7. 122. ^TJfia, aroç (rô), step : Kal to hÈv irpwrop oXiya /3///xara 122 irpoloyrec, neTtjjdXXovTO ÈttI àa-rri^a. Xen. Cyr, vii. 5, 3. ïxi'oç, £oe (rô), trace of the feet or steps, track : 'Ettei c' àipii^iTO etc \wva ttoW//)', èaKéiparo el e'it] t^i'?; àj'Qpwjrw»'. Xen. Anab. vii. 3, 42. iXi'ioi', ou (rô), dimin. in form only, of the preceding, and more poetical : 'O o' 'éireira [xer «x^''" /3au e Qeo'io. Od. ii. 406. [Removed by Kriiger from Xen. An. i. 6, 1.] crrîpos, ou (6), ^^r»?^ of the feet, or steps : Eka^^ro c tlvaL à (Trijjoç wç èi(r)(^iXiu)v 'ittitujv. Xen, An. i. 6, 1. 123. pîoç, ov {ô), related to /3to, prop, vital strength or mo- 123 tion ; hence, life, in the wide extent of the word, prop, and fig., principally used of man, and with reference to the duration of it, and what Aristotle calls Aoyitc}) ^ui), rational life ; hence, business of life, kind of life, course of life. If the grammarians are to be believed, l^iog should only be used of man ; thus Xenophon must have expressed himself improperly in applying it to animals : Ovk àvcpîjv àyadwv àXXà di]piu)y TÙûv àcrdeyecrrârioi' jjioy ^iyuou/.(£»'0»'. Xen. Ages. 9, 5. [Also living, livelihood : (3ioy ùttô tivoç Ttooi- ^ecrdaL iroie'iadai, ffvXXéyeaOai, &c.] alûv, ûiyoç (é or ?/) (fr. àei), prop. Eternity, Time, œvum ; in a more contracted sense, duration of life, exist- ence : MiyvyddSioç cé al alùjv tVXeO'. II. iv. 478. [^Xen. Arist. Lycurg-I Pioreta, aç (//), kind of life, ivay of life : 'EêÔKei cùi ravTa t:ai èyêa^orÛTT] eiyai Trpoç TÔjy TrûXeioy avrr] î] (^lOTeia. Xen, Œcon. 6, 10. Piorq, T]ç {il), synon. with jSîoe, used also [= jStorfto] by Xeno- phon : "Hv âXXoi iiaKapi(jjT(irr]v âi'ô/it^ov dvai (Siorrjv, Xen. Cyr. vii. 3, 27. M 3 126 124. (123) 3iÔTTiç, tjroç (»'/), in the Homeric hymns: ITpi/i/ KarairrA/Swv atXaç v\p69ev iç ^lôrtjra »;/itrfp»;v. Hym. vii. 10. PîoTOS, ov (6), sometimes for fSioç, life, existence : Al Kt Oâi'yç Kai fio'tpav (ivan\r)tTj/ç jSiôroio. II. iv. 170. More often, that which serves for the maintenance of life, subsistence, means of living, goods, fortune, victus: 'Evti àWôrptov /3(orov vijiroivov i!ov'/), order of life, or rule of living, principally as regards food: 'II rijy liaiTav fiov (pavXiCetç Jiç ifrroy fitr vyieirh Èadiorroç ifxov »*/ aov\ Xen. i\[em. i. fi, 5. Our word DIET, which comes from it, is used in a medical sense. t^'f], vc (»/)» means of living, subsistence, existence in the Odyssey: ^H yap at ^wi] y' 7ii' ua-tToç. Od. xiv. 96. Later, the animal life, the natural life of man and beast, and in opp. to ddyaToç, especially in the poets. (xcvos, 10Ç (to), vital strength, in Homer: 'Atto yap fiivoç liXiro XnkKÔç. II. iii. 294. »|/uxT, vc (>/), breath ; hence, vital principle, life, in Homer and in the poets: 'iîç fJ^jîc otav cuw ', to go to the assistance of another nation, to 128 126. (125) bear, succour, beyond one's own frontiers, in speaking of two nations who have made an offensive and defensive alliance together : Ilpàç 'Apytiovç Iv^^ay^iav iroie'iadat, ware rij àWj/Xwv tTri^a^îI»'. Thuc. v. 27. au|j,p,ax€Îv, to fight in company, to be in league or alliance against a common enemy, said of separate nations of the same country allied together : Wtipuaoinu rw Trc'iTrTrw, tiya- BUtv 'nmétof tcpàriaroç wv iwirtiiç, av^^ayjùv avrû. Xen, Cyr. i. 3, 13. CTUfiTToXcfxeîi', to make war with, in conjunction with others : "K-n-ti^ilay ce kcù iç TvixTrjiiar, tarir wy ttoXew»' inayyiWofxittov kui uiirûjy L,vfÀnv\tnt'iy, Thuc. vi. 88. {nT€py.a\elv, to defend, to protect with arms one unable to defend himself, to fght for the defence of any one : Nûv TTÔXtwç vTTtpfxayjÙQ. Eur. Phœn. 1258. [Late in prose. Plut.'] 126. 126 pôcTKeiv, fr. the primitives /3«w and Traw : hence, the Latin pasco, to put cattle to their browsing or eating : hence, to lead to pasture : 'O o' ofpa pèy eWiKoCaç jjuîiç l^ôtrt:' cy UEpKwrtj. II. XV. 548. PouKoXcîv, to tend cattle : 'A^pot/r/; ^iiTi]p, // ^ly vn 'Ay- X'o-;/ TtKt. fiovKoXioyTi. II. v. 313. Applied also by cata- chresis to every other kind of beast, as to horses, &c. : Too Tpia\i\iai. Irnroi eXoç Kcira (ùovtcoXéorTO. II. XX. 222. yép.£iv, to put to pasture ; hence, to feed, tend at feeding : ïlalceç fÀty ovy /(oi kXtrûw»' tr ècry^^firuiç rifÀuvai f^if/Xa. Eur, Cycl. 28. vcfi^Ociv, synoti. of vifitiy, in the passive only in Homer : Aotai i*( irtXnâStç à^iplç tKaarov xpï'<^ti«t vifÀiOovTo. IL xi. (J34. cofieucif {yi)fi£vç), to be shepherd ; hence, to tend flocks and herds : Aoiovç ii,i]puTo f-tiffOuur, ror fity IwvKoXtuiy, ray o' upyvipu ^iJ/Xa yopevtjy. Od. x. 85. TToifiaiytiy, prop, to be shepherd ; hence, to tend, take care of a flock, principally of sheep: "Oç pi re pijXa oîoç ■KoipaiyeoKty ùirtnrpoOey. Od. ix. 188. XtXeuei»', /() gire fodder, pasccre : Tovrotr yap h) Kai rove ftovç Kai tU î/7ro;vyia ^tXtvovat. Thcophr, C. PL ii. 17, 6. 127, 128. 129 Sometimes to he at pasture, pasci : 'Afpyot 'linroi ^(^iXtvovdi. (126) Nicandr. Ther. G35. XiXoCi' ixiXoç), to lead or talte to fodder : Aici yap tov ;), herb on which beasts feed, pasture : 'Ettijp 127 porârriç Kopiawvrai. Od. X. 411. Ta h" kirîjXvQE ttlora fiijXa Èk (joTavrjç àyiàvra p.tT avXia te arjKovg re. Theocr. Id. XXV. 86. Kpao-Tiç, Éwç (Ji), green fodder, farrago : 'H Ik KpaaAç XiiOTpiytiy ttoleI, orav eyKvoç y. Arist. H. A. viii. 8, 1. Xdxafo;/, ov (rô), peas, beans, and garden vegetables of all kinds : Kal rvpoy kuI ftoXjjovç Kal Xa^ai'a. Plat. Pol. ii. 372, c. iToa, ag (?"/), and poet. TToia, herb in general, grass: Trjg ëk Ttôag Ttjg iJ,)]êiKiiç i) Tt TTptnTOKOvpog (pavXî], Kai ottcv av w5top ëvaujêtg iizàyi]Tai ry Trôq,' ô^ti yap. Bristol. H. An. viii. 8, 1. XiXos, ov (o), fodder, pabulum: Ovtoi Trpo'lovrtg tKaiov Km ■)(iXov KoX tt n aXXo j^p/'/eri/xov i]v. Xen. Anab. i. 6, 1. xXoT], 77e (/;), green herb : XXôrig yeyofityrjg Ùtto tov (TTrepfxarog. Xen. Œeon. 17) 10. XopT09, ov (0), dry herb, hay ; gramen : AicpOépag âç al^oy (TKeTrdupara IwipTrXaGay yoprov Koufov. Xen. An. i. 5, 10. 128. poTpus, vog (6), grape, bunch of grapes, uva : "I va .... 128 7/ vtpiovaa Tpo(pi] avyei.Xr]Hti(ja iirl ralg olyàrdaiç avL,y tov fiÔTpvy. Theophr. C. PI. iii. 14. op.<|)a|, a/coe (»/), fr. Wjuoç, every kind of fruit not yet ripe, the grape especially in the Odyssey, green, sour grapes, verjuice : Udpoide èé r ofxtpaKÉg elaiy aydog àtpieïaai, iTepai 3' vTToirspKdi^ovffiy. Od. vii. 125. 130 129, 130. (128) pâ|, ayôç (r/), Attic, and pw|, in the Ionic, stone of every kind of fruit, acinus; grape-s/o«e, in Theophrastus : 2u/i- (iaiyei yap iv tovtu) to /îoorpûj^ior av^tadai, ciU ro fii'iirw (Tuj'tordvat ràç pdyaç. Theophr. C, Plant, iii. IG. oTauXri, j/c (»'/), grape, in general, bunch of grapes, in Homer, and in the Yni)iroriKa : 'Ei' c" tTidei (TratpvXftai f^éya ftpidovffciy ù\(i»'iv .... fiÉXnyeç è' a»à jjôrpvtç i)aay. II. xviii. 561. i)vru) yap ku\ ii trra^vXt) avriiç Trpce jopwaiy Tj^iart} Kai riKrapwCrjç ta-iy. Geopon. v. 2, 10. 129. 129 poûXcaOai, fr. ftovKî], to loish, to be luilling, said only of a being endowed with reason. It carries with it the notion of choice and of preference after deliberation. tfleXeiv, to wish, with more reference to natural instinct. It is used not only of man, but also of the irrational animal creation, and even of inanimate things. According to Buttmann, it is rather [^ovXeadai, that expresses the desire, the inclination, and èOcXeiy, the decided intention to do n thing. Tlie definition of the grammarians seems the best, and established by the use of the -words ; thus Homer applies idiXety to the water of a river : Zt'e c' vcwp' ov2' 'iOiXs Trpopttiy, dXX' tffj^tro. //. xxi. 366. The difference in the two words shows itself in the following passage, where they refer to an assembly of people : "Ort roiyw rovd' o'vrwç ix^*» "■poffZ/k.'tt Trpodvfnoç iOîXtiy ÙKoviiv twv (iovXopéyujy avupuvXtvEiv. Dent. Olynth. i. 1. OAetk', form considered more modern, and which Hermann wished to remove from the Homeric poems; it is used indifferently, as well as iOiXeiy, in Attic poetry and prose. 130. 130 PouXi^, i]ç (»'/), prop, deliberation, consultation ; hence, decision, resolution, determined tvill : Aiùç c inXiitro liovX}). II. I. Ci. PoûXT]/i.a, UTOQ {to), verbal, which rather indicates the 131. 131 result, or act of the will, the thing willed; it has been con- (130) founded with l3ov\r]enç, will : Kai to ^ev ftovXrina iravToç rofxodérov tovt Ïcttiv. Aristot. Ethic. Nie. 2, 1. Poû\T](nç, £wç (7;), will, pleasure, volition : Xp?) Kai i/je ETTÔfUioi' T;), thought, and sometimes for design, inten- tion : 'E^^éj^frai yàp tÙç ^v/jifopàç tHiv Trpay/ia'rwj' où)^ ■finaov àfiadùiç j^^iDpfjaai îj Kul tciç êiarolaç tov àvdpwTrov, Thuc. i. 140. (jicvoiVTi, ijç (r)), Epicsynon. of jSovXi], according to the Scholiast on Apollonius Ilhodius : Eî fiiv Sr) ■jrâffyaiv i^avSdvei ^ëe /levoivï]. Apoll. Rhod. i. 700. 132 132. (131) K'hSos, foc (rô), fr. /ii^fo/iai; care, but used in the plural only: 'Ev TTi'pi Ci) (3ov\ai Ti ytvuiaro fii)Stâ t' àvSpùiv ; //. ii. ;i40. lAÎÎTiç, IOC (>'/), of the same family as the above, wisdom or ability in the council ; hence, by ext., wise counsel or design ; Eî rivâ o\ pa8i], rjc (»';), synon. of PovXt], seldom found : 'AOayc'iTiov, w ^tire, (ppaCiJ riyùç iyOâê' ÏkÛvhç. Theocr. x.w. -52. 4)pa8|j.o(rûvT), ;jc ('))» design, indicating a deeper and more secret will : 'Sli.viiQovai di oIkoi Zr]vàç (ppadfioffvyçaiy. Hesiod. Oper. 243. 132. 132 PouXi], ijc (tj), council or deliberative assembli/ ; council of five hundred or senate, at Athens : '0^/w/u;».arf \Lt)ipiù- adai Kara rovç vô^ovç Kni tu 'J/ijtfiîcrfjara ra roîi hjuov tcai TTJç ftovXifç Tâ)y TreiTaKoaiujy. Dem. de Légat, 397, 16. Used also of the tribunal of the Areopagus at Athens : 'II ^£ iv 'Apf/y Tra'y^ jonvXt) ovk ek rwy ci.coKi.paaf.iiru>y t:ndi- orarat ; Xen. Mem. iii. 5, 20. PouXeîov, ov {to), fr. jjovX)'), place or hall of session of the council or senate, is only found in the life of Homer, erro- neously attributed to Herodotus : Koi linvXijç avWeyofti- ir)ç IXÔùy ini to iSovXi'iuy. J it. Homer. 12. PouXeuT^piof, ov (rô), place or hall of consultation ; hence, council-chamber, senate-house : 'Kirti fiiyroi Ka-tciu^ay ùç rô ^iTiilv Tov liovXivTijuiov Kai toîi tîjç 'Eor/ac iipov. Xen. Ilellen. vii. 4, 33. T»; ^' vtrrfpaii} àf^in Ttj >]fttp'), assembly of (yipotTiç^ ciders, senate : Kui 7r\£i') at re ytpovaiai 133, 134. 133 Km 01 &pi(TTOi afêpsç TrapciKeXevot'Tai toIç noXlraiç 6f.ioj'oe~n'. (132) Xen. Mem. iv. 4, 16. o-ûykXtjtoç, ov (})), in the writers of Roman history, the Senate as assembled for a sitting : 'Yttô te rf/ç (xvyK\î]Tov avTOKpÔLT(i)p àvuyopivBdç. Herodian. iii. 1, 2. 133. Poûç, oÔq (ô, »/), fr. /sow, jSôdvw, or, according to others, 133 formed by onomatopœia ; ox or cow ; bos, vacca ; some- times b^dl, but then the word Taûpos or apcrnv is added : 'Hi5r£ fiovQ ciyé\j](f)i juty' tE,o-)(^oç tirktro Trctrrivi' Tcivpoc' b yap re jioECftn ^EroTrptTrti àypof.iiyiiiius of Halicarnassus {Ant. R. i. 36), and in the An- thology : Tov Ktçabv êafxâXrjv Ylavi (piXwptirç. Kt;X\?ji't(f) avepv- oai'Ttç îpp(^av. Antliol. vi. 96. This form, which Valckenaer would not admit in Ainmonius, is thus restored after the authority of the best manuscripts. » 8d|JiaXis, £wc (v), and more usually SajidXT], rjç (»'/), in the poets after Homer, heifer, young cow, of age to be put to the yoke : IToXXai C av dafiâXai Kal TrôpTieç ujêùparro. Theocr. Id. i. 75- fjiocrxos, ov (Ô, rj), calf oï either sex: Kôo-juoç r^ fiaXici fjâXa, -à jooï è' à nôayoç. Theocr. Id. viii. 80. [^Hdt. Pl.~\ iropTis, loç {))), and iropiç in the Odyssey (x. 410), cow-calf, little heifer, but not so old as SafidXtj : 'Qç ci Xiwv iv l3ovcri Qopiiiv î? av\kva âï,y iropTioç i)i iSoôç. II. v. 162. irôpTal, aicoç (ô, >/), ca//" of either sex in Homer: "Qç tiç irfpl irôp- TUKi fiijTtjp TrpoJTOTOKOç. IL xvii, 4. 134. Ppaxtwv, oroç (ô), the upper part of the arm in Homer 134 and Galen, brachium : Yipvu^ov ^e lopuy^lova covpoç àicwKi] êpvdi' àrro jdvwyioy. II. xvi. 323. Trîîx"S) ïwf {to), the fore-arm, the cubitus : Tlfj)(yç êè KnXi'iraL /Jtr Kat to (tu^ttoi' fiéXoç, ogov tari jjLera^v rrjç te Kcirà KiipiTov Kui Tïjc car' ùyKùiya êiapdpojaiwç, Galen, de Us. Part. ii. [Cf. 14.] N 134 135. (134) x^^P» P"i ('/)» t^^ whole arm in Homer, Hippocrates, and Galen : T»/c oXtjc j^ftpoç etc rpla tu fjuyâXn yi^tpr] refiro- /.Ui'Tjc, TO flit' iJpa-^iwy, to êè tti/^uç, to c" àKpô^npoy o)o^n4£rat. Galen, de Us. Pari. ii. 2. à'yKa.XT), tjç (' r»;r t~irnoi' yei'nfjiiirjy, (.ireciy àraffTrninoai t\" rwy tXf'wr, rà ^£1" âi'w avTÎjç à7rorc(/i»'0»T£ç, iç c'îXXo rt rp/), Attic form of j^vjlXoç, papyrus : 'Eiraûfla tvpinKovrni 7roXX«t /(tf nXiyni, irtiXXci cÈ t^ipwrin, TroXXot (i IhliXoi (much papyrus). Xen. Anab. vii. 5, 8. In Plato, paper, book : Ilâii; oTrovhj Xa^iwy rue /5»/3Xoi/c, wç rii^iara oleic T »'/»' ùyiyiyiioffKoi'. Plat. Phtsd. 98, b. puPXiof and pi^Xîo»', ov (jo), are «riven in all the lexicons as tiie dimimuive of /30épai, wv (ot), fr. ci(po), prop, skins of beasts prepared for writing; hence, by ext., writings, volumes, books: Kot ràc [jijjXovç èi(p6épctç i^uXeovai àrro rov TrciXaiov ' Iai)'£ç, Ôtl kotÈ Èv (nrcii'Ei /3//j/\wi' t-)(^péa)i'-o êt(j)dépriin cùyeiijai te kciI oli)](7i. "Ert C£ Kcù TO Kctr' ifiè TToXXol Twt' papJDcipioy èç ToiavTaç êicpOépaç ypâfovcri. Herodot. V. 58. This passage shows that the use of skins for writing is of much more ancient origin than Pliny gives it on the authority of Varro. Varro attributes the invention of parchment to Eumenes of Pergamus, about 200 b. c. : Mox cemulatione circa biblio- thecas regum Ptolemcei et Eumenis, supprimente chartas Ptolemceo, Varro membranas Pergami tradidit repertas. {Plin. Hist. Nat. xiii. 21.) Perhaps this supposed dis- covery of parchment should be understood solely of a more elaborate preparation ; or of an entirely new process in the dressing of skins, the use of which for writing was of very ancient date. irdiTUpos, ov (o or >/), and ircxTrûpoc, ov (ro), papyrus, a species of rush, a cyperaceous plant growing in the Egyptian marshes, and which the ancient Egyptians made use of for many purposes. Of the roots they made various house- hold utensils ; of a part of the stalk, and the leaves, they made tissue- work of all kinds, sails, cordage, wicks of lamps, &C. : 'O o' ' Epwc, ^irwra èi'iaaç vwep uvy^éi'oç Trairvpu), j.iidv fiai êiaKovEÎTii}. Anacr. 4. Aa^nràca Kripo- yiTwia, a^oirio Koi XsTrTtj cr^iyyo/iÉi'Tjv Trcnrvpu). Anth, Antip. Thess. 13. But the use they made of the lower part of the stalk, in manufacturing from it the leaves of a sort of writing paper, is the most curious and important : nâTTupof yrû}pip.oç èaTi 7râ(ny, à(f i]ç ci xc'tpTrjç kutckt^êv- cii^tTcu. Dioscor. i. 116. From the Greek -Kciivvpoc comes our word paper, and the word papyrus itself is also in use, but only in archaeology, in speaking of the inscriptions on the leaves of papyrus, found in the catacombs, and in the mummy-coffins. The curious details of the process fol- N 2 136 136. (135) lowed in the preparation of the papyrus-paper have been preserved to us by Pliny, Hist. Nat. xiii. 23, 12. irepyafiT^ioi, j/C (»/)) fr. liipya^oc, li'/), hearth, Jire on the hearth : Apvôç Kop- /ioùf nXdTeiaç ier^cipuç /JîaXwj' trrt. Eur. Ci/cl. 383. Prop, it is the fire on the altar ; hence, by ext., the altar itself, domestic altar. Euripides employs it in this meaning in his tragedy of Plisthenes : Mi]\oa(payù-(. caifiôi coy tif kayiîpniç. According to others, jpio^ûç was the altar de- dicated to the gods, and ka-^^âpa that raised to a hero or demi-god. €OTia, aç (»/), domestic hearth, fire : 'Ea-li] r' 'Otvo-f/oç ùpvi^Kiyoç. Od. xiv. 159. 6v|A€Xtj, i]Ç (>'/), altar: WçioaaiTOva tftoXoy ^t^iwvpovç Otwv Ov/iiXac. Eur. Sitppl. 64. 6v(Tiacrn]pioi>, ov (ro), the part of the altar where the victim was burnt ; hence, the altar, in the O. T. and N. T.: 'Ear ovy Trpo(T]ç to êtLpùp aov kiri to Uv(Tia(rn)pioy. Matth. V. 23. 137, 138. 137 r. 137. yctYYpaii'a, i]ç (//), fr. ypa'ai, gangrene. Hippocrates 137 gives this name to the inflammation of a part of the body, in which absohite and incurable mortification has not yet taken place ; o-Xr]B£VT(M)v rwi' tt,e)(^ôpr(i))' offTÙiy iruph tm fueyédei ôr]\o)'ÔTi rrjc 7 ôVai' o(^£i jj.d-)^i)Tai iireadUi ro mjyaror'. Aristot. H. A. ix. 6. It appears that the ancients tamed them, if we may so judge from the following passage of Theocritus : At yaXiai. fiaXaicùç ^(^prjfTcoiTi Kudevcei'. Theocr. Id, xv. 28. It is this common saying (which has in eflfect the meaning of the French proverb, Ne réveillez pas le chat qui dort), that has induced some learned men to suppose that ynXéa had the signification of cat in more modern writers. [yciX. àypia or AijivKy, ferret. Ar. H, A. vi. 37, 4.] N 3 138 139. (138) aïXoupoç, ov (ô, j/), cat, feminine in Aristotle, who says, in speaking of the weasel : "Eff-t ce tcai ooviOofâyov uxnnp al aVXoi/pot. Aristot. H. A. ix. G. iKTiç, «COÇ (//), a species of weasel ; viverra : H è' "iktiç rijy I a/r Kcitcovpy'tav ojjLOiov yaXi}' khl TiOuacruy ylierai atjjucoa. Aristot, H. A. ix. G. 139. 139 Ya/xttt', to take a wife, to marry, used of the man only; Yafxeîffôat, to be married, used only of the woman. Ho- mer thus distinguishes them : Mrjrtpu r Olcnrôcao 'icor, KuXi'ii' 'EiriKiiartii', »/ /ut'ya tpyov tpelty aicptiiiai laoin, yijjuajuii'r] <ô v'te'i' à ê' ôv ira-ép' è^iyai^^aç, yrifiiv. Od. xi. 272. ya.p.l' OKTUi^aîêeKa krwv ijXiKÏav (7vi^evyyv- yat, T0VÇ c twrà Ka'i rpiaKovra. Aristot. Polit, vii. 16. (T\jvoiKit,e.iv, to mahe marry, to marry : Tijy iily kuo\ avy- oiKiffac, Trjç ?£ v'iôy fxe ti(nrouiaaç. Isocr. /Egin. 10. 140. yafitos, ov (0), marriage : 'Hy£ ëk Ka\ d/v QvyuTipu Tijy 140 ftaatXéujç, èirl ya^w. Xen. Anab. ii. 4, 8. ya/jiTjXia, aç (»/), at Athens, wedding present or victim, which the bridegroom sent to the members of his ward {(pparpui), for a sacrifice to be followed by a feast : Kai yap on i^utci tovç vôjxovç i 7raTr)p ïyri^E' /cal yuiir]\iav Tolç épciTop<7iy ela)]Vi.yKi ^efiapTvprtrai. Dem. in Theocr. 1320J 13. yajjiî]X€V|jia, aroç (rô), synon. of ydf-iog, in jEschylus ; Av(T(pi\iQ yafiijXivi-ia. yEscli. Choeph, G24. 140 141. (140) ya)iiKT], >K (»'/), conjugal state, in Aristotle : TciDra c' ftrri ceairoTtt;)! kcit yafiiKÎ) (àviuyvfÀùy yàp »/ yvyuitcôç kuI ài'èpoç ffû^fuiicj. Aristot. Polit, i. 3, "2. p.vi)/r TpuaXoç, ov (ô), fr. k^vittio, second stomach in rumi- (141) nating animais ; so called from its net-like appearance, KEKpxxpaXoç being the name of a caul or coif of net-work worn by women on the head. cXλ'os, ov (Ô), fr. £)(w, third stomach of ruminating animals : '11 yaa-i]» tî]q arpovHov {of the ostrich) cDrjpr]- /.léviiQ evpicrk'eTai Xldovç t'^ovau ovairepoLiy KUTcnruwna iv rip i-^h'd) (pvXaTTEL Kcù TztTTEt Tu) ^poi'fe». yÈil. All. xiv. 7. r\VKScrvpov, ov (6), fr. àrvco, fourth stomach of ruminating animals, when the operation of digestion is completed. Aristotle divides the digestive functions of ruminating animals into four parts : Aio tci toluvtu rwy C^mv TvXeiovç '(■)(ti. roTTOvç i:ai fiopici, KaXovrrdL Ce Tuvrn, kchXIu, koi KEKpixpaXuc, Kcii £-)(lvuç, K"ai IpvaTpof. Aristot. Part. An. iii. 14. cTTOfJiaxos, ov (ci), fr. (ttÔiici, prop, [orifice] pipe, canal ; principally in medical writers, the canal by vvliich the ali- ment passes into the stomach, the neck of the stomach, the oesophagus. It has been sometimes used by ext. for the ■whole organs of digestion, the stomach: "LvKa ovk (Krreiwç êiarlOtim toi' aTÔj.ia-^ov, KavaûjCt) Kcù àroywTepoi' avroy TToiovtra. Athen. iii. 79. 142. yciTOJi', ovoç (o), fr. yij, prop, he whose land touches that 142 of another, neighbour : Tliifxa kukoq ysiTOJi', caaov r àyadoç jiéy urtiap. Hesiod. Oper. 344-46. •yeiTooTJvoç, vvr}, neighhouring, in the Anthology : "^Qavt ftp'ifpoQ tç -TrXarii nôvrov ^tiXoç ytiToaiivriç ipTZvaov Ik KaXvjSijç. Jnthol. ix. 407. doTuyeiTwi' (6, ?/), neighhouring on the city, living in the neighbourhood of the city : Rnr' àXXrjXovç èè juàXXov wc 'ÉKaa-ai (KTTvyEÎToreç iwoXefiovi'. Thuc. i. 15. àyxiYuoç (ô, j'/), of or belonging to the neighbouring fields: "Hv KaXaoiKTii' Yliiyàç àyx'yvoi Trspivaitrai. Apoll. Rhod. i. 1223. OYX'-Tepixtov, OVOÇ (ô), bordering upon : 'AXX' ayxiTe.pyi.tjiV yaiâ p.oi, ^Kvi)t]ç Xewç .... ^vvii\ps nôXeixov. Eur. likes. 42G. eyyus, adv. with the article b, r/, = one who is near, close : 142 14-2. (142) Vovç fiey lyyvç icat àpûitraç rwy 'A0/jrajw»- iXvTrqat fiùWov ?*/ t(l>ô\lq(Jt. Thuc. iv. 11."). c(f)ôpios (ô, »/), one who is on the border, on the frontier {of) : Mtkpii fief iiriKaXiôi' avro'tç, o-«, Pwfiiiiwi' kui Ilap- Dvuiwy omc iipopwi, iç ki^aripovç iTnciHwç ti\oy. Appian. Hell. Ciiil. V. 9. p.E6ôpios (('), II), that which is on the confines, on the frontiers (of) [with ref. to the countries it separates^ : 'II ce Qvutârtr yf] fxtDopia rfjç 'Apyfi'aç (cu) Aei^wid^i/ç tariy. Thuc. ii. 27. op,opos {t'l, >y), bordering upon : Kat yjopay opopoy kuI circifiiy rti'a i^tKTtjpiyovç. Deni. 01. ii. 1. ôpLovpios ('/), that which touches on the frontiers, under the Ionic form in Herodotus: fiuaapwci èè wpoa- (ij-iovpoi tt(Ti ^vWot. Herod, iv. 173. ~iç 'ArrtKJ/C *>■■"♦ cvyupiy iraywitor 't\oy-(iç. Pint. Demosth. 17. bp.oTipp.ijiv, oyoç {û, >'/), haviny a common boundary ; situated on the frontier : M») KiyetTu) yj/c ôpm ////«tic /»»)"£ oli^eiov TvuXiruv ytiroyoi; f-n'ire opoTippuyoç. Plat. I^egy. viii. 842, e. Ô}ji<5toixoç (ô, >/), having a party-tcall : "Sèaoç ydp ycirujv ôfiô- roi^of tpéu't». yEsch. Agam. 974. âp^ûXa^, acoc (ô, i)), cullivnting the same furrows : By^iyptf I' tTrl roTffii' opwXciKtç. Àpol. Ilhod. ii. .''/) : JIupciTijpfTr', e((>r}, Tovroi-, ol irXrjaloi'. Xen. Mem. iii. (142) 13, 4. In the N. T., neighbour : 'AyaTrijcreiç top TrXrjaiov aov ù)ç (TEuvTÔi'. Matth. xix. 19. TrXricriôxwpos {(>, '/), one u'ho dwells in the country or suburbs of a town : 'EXô^/ror kuï oùxtov wpi tov aavTOv 7r/\);aio)(wpo!'. Aristoph. Vesp. 393. Thomas Magister dis- approves the use which Xenophon {Cyr. iv. 5, 13) has made of this adjective, perhaps because it specially be- longed to the 25oets. TTpo(TXwpos (Ô, J/), synon. with the above : Kat ttcutec ol TToXlrni, k'at ol Trpôery^wpoi âv^peç Kal yvvali^eç, ^iTÙ^ov rrjç £op-»7e. Xen, Anah. v. 3, 10. irpocroiKoç (ô, ?'/), prop, that which is near the house : Ilodo-- 01K0Ç ycip dt'tXaTTii X'^Pf ^^ M^*" ''""p' £Kc'iaTr]y ijjjiipuv yèv. Plat. Leyg. iv. 705, a. 143. yeXSi', fr. yow, to unfold, open, or, according to others, 143 fr. fXij, heat ; hence, prop, in the poets, in speaking of inanimate things, to spread open, to shine with light, to glitter with a soft and pleasing light: TéXciarre êè irâaa Trepï x6à)i' ^aXKoû vtto arepoTTfiç. II. xix. 362. Hence, to laugh, in general : 'Arrlyaoç Wvç yeXâaaç icie Tt]Xep,àxpio. Od. ii. 301. By ext. to laugh at, to ridicule : Kat a 2w(K-po- rrjç }iâXa trrnnvSan'ÔTi rw TrpoffoWw" TsXan, t(p}}, tir sjjoi ; Xen. Conv. 2, 17. ■yeXoiaciv, epic, synon. of the above : AfTTD'ov jxiv yap roiye ytXoî- (l)VTCÇ TtTÎ'KOVTO. Od. XX. 390. KayxaXaeiv, to laugh ivith bursts of laughter, to giggle î 'H ttou Kay- Xa^ôioci KaprjKOfiôwvnç 'A^atoî. //. iii. 43. jxciSiâi', and poet. p.eiSSi', according to some grammarians, comes fr. ^ij av^dv [no], to laugh lightly, to smile, and applies only to grave and morose persons. Homer prefers it in describing the smile that smoothed the majestic brow of Jove, or that of the fierce Ajax ; Toloç up' A'iaç wpro ttcXw- pior, jAeihàwi' ftXnervpo'iai TrpoarMwacn. II. vii. 211. [Cf. Sanscrit s-mi, and our s-mile. L. and S.'j Kay\6Zeiv, and poet. Kaxa^Eiv (xcia), x^ivco), to burst with laughhig, carhinnari : Tépiov Kaxâ^wv jutO' irkpov veaviov. /Iristoph. Ecoles. 849. 144 144. (143) craipeiv signifies ordinarily to sweep, but particularly in the pi'rtect tjtaijpîrui, to open the mouth in settinçf the teeth, to show the teeth in growling like a dog : 'E-tjc// iyruxrav vpiàç iiYpititfitt'Ovç tir à/\\iyXot;(Tf ct Ovfitp aapdâyiov fxaXa roioy. Orf. xx. 301. According to Flustathius this phrase comes iVom the convulsive movement of the lips half-opening (TTopà rô (Tt(r»jpërai rà x''^»?); of better, from ^apctô, name of ihe island of Sardinia, because in this island a herb grew, a species of wild celery, the juice of which caused a convulsive grin, followed shortly by death. aap8(i|^6i»', to laugh a sardonic laugh. This verb, derived fr. 2a(jt w (Sardinia), is only used by the grammarians. 144. 14-1 yeXoîoç, oia (is used actively and passively of men and things) ; that which provokes laugh, or at which one laughs, ridiculous [also laughable in a good sense : vid. ^arayt- \ao/3ou/nai . . . oh ti fit) -yï^-oîa f'lTTw, Tovro /i£j/ yap âv KÉpëoç eïi] . . . àWà fit) KaTa^éXacTa. Aristophanes is speaking]. ycXaoTiKoç, ?'/, one ivho can laugh, endowed with the faculty of laughing : Kai wg aydpujiroc jdey yeXacTTiKov, oyoç êè ov yeXaa-LKÔv. Lucian. Vit. Auct. 26. yeXoTOTTOios (Ô, /;), one who causes laughter, buffoon : nôppii) c ir viTTciToiç lôaly t)]v toû yeXwroiroiov QepaiTOV TTiOqicoy ircvoiuérrji'. Plat. Pol. X. 620, c. doreîoç (ô, »/), fig. one who has the refined intellect of the city, the French spirituel [Lat. urbanus. In English we sometimes render it polite, polished ; sometimes witty, pleasant, &c,, according to the context] : "ETretra ovk av TTpiaw ye TrafnroWov, wore trot Taïira slprjcrdai, Kal aVay- yEXOrjyciL Trap' 7/ eveoKifieiv l^ovXei, otl cicrEloç el ; Xen. Cyr. viii. 4, 23.' PwfJioXoxos, ov (Ô), buffoon : O èe i3(oho\6-)(^dç ijrTWv iort Tov yeXolov trat ovre tavrov ovte rwy aXXojy aVtj^OjUEioc £i yéXwTa TToujaei. Aristot. Ethic. Nic. iv. 8, 10. eoTpdireXos (o, )/), one of ready, agreeable wit and manners [easily turning to adapt himself to circumstances and persons, tv Tptir£iy'\ : Ot c t/i^teXwc Trul^oyrec eurpd- ireXoi TrpoaayopivorTai, o'lov eurpoiroi {well turned, as it were). Aristot. Eth. Nic. iv. 14, 3. [He makes evrpaTreXia = TTEiraicevfÀéri] vppiç, the mean between iJwjioXoy^ia and àypoïKÎa. From Magn. Mar. i. 31, it appears that the EvrpaTitkoc must be able to take as well as give a joke, aicù>\pai £^63 (where, however, Ev-pa-KEXia is only spoken of as unbecoming to the aged), and Isocr. vii. 49.] Xapieis, £(T«7a, graceful, pleasing, used sometimes substan- o 14G 145, 146. (144) lively, ô -^^apitiç, gentleman, man of good taste or refine- ment: Kai TOinîiTa Xîywv wv ovBiv ar {iiroi o -^apiciç, ti-ta ^ ovc" ay dKovaai. Aristot. Eth. Nic. iv. S, 10. [The subst. is \antEi'TiffiJiùç,^ 145. 145 yet-eôXia, wr (ra) (ytvîdXr]), birth-day, anniversary of the birth of one yet alive, and the festival kept on the occa- sion : Eira fi'c Toy «Wo»' )^po»'oi' Tav-t] rfj îifitnç. iJarriXéiitç ytyiBXia «Taira dvei Kai tooTcil^ei »'/ 'Aata. Plat. Alcib. i. 121, b. ycf^o'io, uv {ra), commemorative festival of the birth, a day observed with funeral solemnities after the death of a person, being the anniversary of his death, according to Ammonius ; or, according to others, the anniversary of the birth of the deceased : Ilaîc tè varpi roû-o iroiiei, kot- oTTEp ot"E\\»ji£ç rd ytytma. Iferodot. iv. 26. Afterwards these two words were confounded, and ytricria is found in the N. T. used for y£>'£0\<« {Matth. 14, 6). 146. ' 146 Y^'^°5> *°C ("")» birth, race; genus: An^in-poi yap tic yivoç yt., j^r/juaVw»' ck h) nivi]T£ç. Eur. Electr. 37. Y«»'€'/), more used in poetry, birth, generation ; an age of men : «l>«'/), origin [the coming into being ; hence, production, generally, birth ; and also race {PL Polit. 265, b) ; family (PI. Legg. 601, d) ; and generation (Id. Phœdr. 252, d)] : \iytt) ydp t:a\ Ti)y 'Ept^Biwç ye rpo^jjv Aroi yùe- aiv. Xen. Mem. iii. 5, 10. y€V€Tf\, ijc (/;), birth, nativity : Kai ydp èUaioi, Ka\ auxppo- vtKoi, KOt dt'i'puoi, Kai rd\\« t^o/.iiy ivUvç f\- ytyirfiç. Aris- tot. Eth. Nic. vi. 13 [only found in this phrase]. yerrqaic, iwç (>'/), generation, procreation, in Euripides and in Plato : 'O povaùv t ttCwç ytyràatiç Xtipwy. Eur. Iph. A. 1065. 147. 147 aî/io, aroç (rî), blood, sometimes used, as with us, for (146) race : Tavrtjc -oi yzrtî)ç re ku\ u'inaroç tv-^^ofiai ùvaL. Il, XX. 241. oÎkos, ov (ô), house, as with us, {or family ; a meaning peculiar to the Attic writers : 'A ruiy tvirarpidùiy ytyùxr' o'iKwv. Eur. Ion. 1073. p'lia, rjç (»/), root, stock ; siirps, in the poets : 'Oc aV' ivysyovç rivoç pii^rjç TrîcpvKaç. Eur. Iph. T. 610. 147. * yépwi', oj'Toç (ô), prop, adjective, old; but more used as 147 a substantive, by -ellipse, old man: Taûra de Trâvra 'icraa 'Apyft'wj' ?'/^£)' vioL >]cè yepovrec. II. ix. 36. Plural, yéç,ov- î-fç, elders, who in certain cities of Greece, as in Sparta, formed the senate, senators: XIAetoiwi' ^è icaLroTOfiovjjiérioi' VTTO Tov AvKovnyov, Trpû/rov yy Kaï jjeyiffroy »/ i^arâff-ucrtç TÙJy yep6y-wy. Plut. Lye. 5. yepatoç, â, of or belonging to an old man ; old : often used substantively, with ellipse of â»'>'/p or yvvii : UoXXU c tiTtiT cnrciytvde Kiùy ijoàff 6 yepaiôç. II. i. 35. YHpaXeoç, éa, old: HvfiPovXoi \6yov TOvSk ;uot ysvs(j6t, Uépaai, ■yrjpaX'-a TrtaTWfiaTa (old and faithful friends). JEscIitjI. Pers. I7I. Ypaûs (»/), old woman: "Ej'jot ^è TÛ)y XoyoïzoïCjy Xiyovcriy, ù)ç rijy rrjç fir]Tpoç àcsXipijy Éyrj^ey' âXXà ypavç ciy kuI ■RavTcnrafTiy i)y >/ Traêç. Xen. Cyr. viii. 5, 13. Ypaîa, aç (j;), poet, form of the preceding : Kat rbv fièv ■ypabjç TTVKinjjSkoç tjxîiaXi ■)(spffiv. Od. i. 458. PaOvY>îp(>>S (ô, »/), one who is extremely old : 'H ^advylipujç Alaioyrj. Anthol. Philipp. vi. 247. ecTxaToyTipajs (6), one who has arrived at the last stage of decrepit old age, exceedingly old : 'HASe he kul Tiêioc St'sT-toc è(j\aTQy)ipu)ç àv))p. Plut. Pomp. 64. rv^oyépiav, outoç (ô), old fool, senseless old fellow, in Aristophanes: Ti/^oyfpaiv ti. Aristoph. Nub. 900. ù[j.oY€po>v, 0VT0Ç (6), one in a green old age ; at the age that Virgil calls, by the same metaphor, cruda senectus (ASn. vi. 304) : 'Qjioyi- povra dé fiiv /), landed proprietor ; owner of some land : "Oc c' ft^" Kitiini], lÀijiviru) f.ity i i:>()v\ôutyoç roTç ytu>i.u'ipoiç, ol ce àr rù ht^aaTt'ipioy nyvyruty. Plat. Lvyy. viii. 843, b. YTTfJvos (ô, >';), one who works at the grotaul : TaTrôvoç ^ àvt)p ir'tvr)ç, ti Kai yivotro fii) àfiaOîjç, tpywv I'tto oÛk àr Svyairo vpôf; rà Koiv' àTro/SXjTTfii'. Eur. Suppt. 420. ytdnrôvo^, a more recent form of the precedinp word : ' Arraipi ftov Ttyoyroc, Co yiwiruyt, X'tTTafva. .inth. Pal. ix. T4'2. ytuT6\i.o/), from the primitive yaw, to contain, to pro- 149 duce, by contraction fr. yia, earth, in all the meanings of the word. It answers to terra and tellus in Latin. More specially, the land we dwell in ; hence, in general, country : "0(pfi ev eicù) riç y»/, tîç Efjjdoç, riveç àiépeç eyyeydacriy. Od. xiii. 233. Sometimes personified in Homer : O'laiTt è' upi'\ (.TEpov XtvKÔr, tripriv êè fxiXawav, Fj} tz Kal 'HeXiw. //. iii. 104. Yaîa, by aphseresis, aio, aç (r;), both poetic forms of y^: 'Ett' àirù- pova yaiav. 11. vii. 446. Tj/Xs (piXujv Kai narpiSoç ahjç. IL xi. 810. dypoç, ov (6), cultivated land, field, country : Où Xaijl3ci- j'EL a'lTOV iic VOX) àypoï), ov yap iTrLp.t\E~iTai wç avTW aireipr}- Tcii, )*/ ÙJÇ KOTTpog yiyrrtrai. Xen. Œcon. 20, 4. Plural, landed property, lands: Ol KSKrtjfiéroi àypovç. Xen. Mem. iii. 9, 11. apoupa, aç (»/), fr. àpôw, prop, arable land, or la7id under the plough ; arvum : sometimes, in Homer, the earth, the ground, in general : 'AXA' j/^tai irapa v^valr ETwdioi' a^^dog àpovprjç {a useless burden upon the earth). II. xviii. 104. eSos, E0Ç {to), soil or ground on which a city is founded or situated, seat or site of^ the city : 'H^tig Kal Qi'il^qc eêog iiXofj-sr eTrranvXoio. II. iv. 406. riireipos, ov (»;), Ionic, for uTreipoc, with ellipse of yi], land of a certain extent without interval of sea, continent in opposition to vr^aog, island : BacriXéùç ô Ultpaùv ov vijcxovg, àXX' ijireipop KapTTOVfXwoc, 7r\ou(7twraroç ùrdp^iriov èffrîi'. Xen. Hellen. vi. 1, 4. Sometimes simply for the land, the bordering land, even in speaking of an island ; in opp. to doKaacfu, in Homer : Et9' 6y Itt rjirtipov hâfxj] iivcpliGi cvaf.ievti.Gaiv, eire cat ev TreXc'iyei. Od. iii. 90. The geographical term"H7r£tpoç is only used, in Homer, of that part of the continent, situated opposite the islands of Ithaca and Cephalonia, of which Ulysses was king, as is plain from the following verse in the catalogue of ships : O'l -' "ll-Treipov t')(ov 7/3' àvrnrépai^ Ivépovro. II. ii. 635. Damra and, after him, Morell have been mistaken in taking o 3 150 149. (l49)*'H-e(poc for the name of a town situated on the continent, and subject to Ulysses : no ancient geographer makes mention of any such town. It was only long after Homer's time that the name of Epirus was given to all that part of the continent which extends from Tllyria to the Peloponnesus : it was anciently called Molossia and Chaonia ; its modern name is Albania. The first trace of this geographical division occurs in Pindar : Qi-tç ci Kpa- Tt'i 4>0/^i' fieoTTTOXefiOc è' 'ATrt/pw cjoTrpucr/^. Nem. iv. 82. iepôv, uv {to), neuter of Upug, prop, dri/ part, dry land of the shore: Vô-^^bti fiiya Kv^a t^oti i,tpiv i]TTiipoio. Od. v. 402. iT\pi, «c ('/), fem. OÎ lijpôç, dry, hard, taken substantively with ellipse of y>7, prop, the dry land, the land, in opp. to QtiXaarra, the sea, in the poets and in the X. T. : Koî c âi- iir\ t,rip}]r or ipuCwç ov tcnrh k6]t' ï,t]i)ây. N. T. Matth. 23, 15. oiKoufienrj, r]ç (>';), passive participle fem. of o'ikIu», taken substantively with ellipse of yij, the inhabited earth : "ila-f TOVÇ II. àïrâtTTjç Tijç o'lKovfjerric .... elç tfa rùirov àirojoXé- vetr. Plat. Ep. 4. Hence the adjective cecumcnical, of or from all the earth, universal, used of councils of the Church. irt'Sov, ov (to), fr. ttovc, tliat which is trodden underfoot, ground, land : 'ETriira TricovSi KvXtvliro \àaç. Od. xi. 597. The tragic writers use it sometimes, by periphrasis, with y»)ç or xOorôç: 'Q yïjç Upôv 7ré('î()»'. Soph. /ij. 801). Tpa4>cpd, âç (»/), feminine adjective, cow/)nr/, ^rm, taken substan- tively by the poets with ellipse of yij, terra firma, the land, in opp. to v^p^: 'E;ri rpa^tiir)»' ri icnl vypiiv. Od. xx. 98. Xtpcroç, ov (Ô, or oftener j/), in Attic, x^ppos, substantive formed from the adjective x^pcroç for o-^^epor, dry, arid, with ellipse of tÔkoç or y»/, prop, spot or land which is not cul- tivated, arid, like the shore ; hence, shore, continent, only in opp. to OiiXaatra : 'I'nv ^' iKi'>aXe i^C/t' tTri -^^^ipnov. Od. xix. 278. [in prose, Ildt. ; TheophrA xOwv, ovôç (»'/), by some said to be of tiie dialect of the island of Cyprus, tlu- fnripeiç TE fiàWoi' l'iany ol TroXÉ/xtoi /cat rrjç j^ijjpaç 6\iyr]i' TrajTfXwç elpyci^orro. Xen. Hell. v. 3, 2. 150. YTJpas, ciToç (rô), old age, last age of man, senectus : Ti]v 150 3' Eyw ov \vaii), wpii' jjiv icai yiipaç tTreto-tj'. II. i, 29. yrjpao-iç, or better ytipaccris, £wc (>/), i^e growing old, pro- gress or approach of old age, senescentia : Kal acpwaic Kcn yi'iparaiQ. Aristot. Nat. Auscult. iii. 1. 151. yXuKuç, Eia. If Lennep's derivation of this word is to be 151 admitted, that it comes fr. [it can only be related at Ittuikijç, /Elian. Far. II. xiii. 2. [So in Plato and Aristotle. See 1 and 177.] r]8os, e'la, fr. j/Cw, prop, that which gives pleasure, agree- able in a very wide sense : 'ilcîiç àt^ovaai {Xôyoç). Plat. Men. 81, d. Sometimes in a more restricted sense for yXuM'C, agreeable to the taste : Kpiirt] îj^ioç vcaruç. Xen. An. vi. 4, 3. Fig, in opp. to Xvittjooç or uXyttrof : IloXù êiH(pÉi>ti TO s-apa^ot/^a ijcv tov i\ç tuv vartpoy ■)(p6yoy t:al i/Céoç Kui XvTTijuov. Plat. Prolog. 356. TJ8v(to9 and vi)8vpios (Ô, >)), poetic forms of îj^vç, are always, in Homer, ilie epithets of sleep : WpoKoKtv^ivoç ijCv^ov virvov. Hymn. Mercur. 240. Aia ê' ovk t^t vi]Cuiioç vrrvoç. II. ii. 2. The form vt'icvfioç is one of those words which have exercised the sagacity of comnientators. The ancient Greek grammarians, who were sufficiently indifferent etymologists, have given themselves considerable trouble in explaining it. Some of them derive it from vi)cvç. Eustathius forms it from the negative particle yt), and from tvio, sleep one cannot come out of, i. e. deep sleep. He comes nearer the truth, when he says afterwards vi]Siifioç is for i'jêvfioç. It is, in fact, the same word dis- guised by the copyists, who, in many passages of Homer, have prefixed this V to the adjective ijêv^oç, deceived by the marks left of the .tolic digamma. In all the passages where vr)^v^oç is found, it may be cor- recteJ into ijCii^toc. In the lines in which the word that precedes vtjdv- fioç ends with a vowel, the digamma, which was sufficient to prevent the hiatus, being no longer expressed, the v niay be thrown back to the preceding word, and the verse quoted above, for instance, be read thus: Aia û' OVK îx^y î'iêvnoç viryoç. fjp,£po9 (ô, »'/), according to Damm, comes fr. Ifiepoç, de- sire ; according to Lenncp, fr. ///jat, to be seated or tran- quil ; tame ; hence, domestic, speaking of animals, opp. to dypinr, wild, as in Latin, mansuetus to ferns: Zwo iif^Koa »>■((( i'tyina rpiénvaa. Plat, Crit. 111, e. It is also used by ext., of trees and plants, refined by ciilliralion, cultivated ; sativus : Kat rwi' êiy^pé(i>y ro (f>v\\a ^:a^a^pi^zoyT{ç ^-fir- I'ltrdtay, ofjuiur; riuy te tij-tinioy Kul rwy àypiujy. llcrodot. viii. 1 15. Tjirios (Ô, »)), according to some, fr. iVw, to follow; according to others, with less probability, fr. »/ôi'c [prob. related to •tn-w, Ittoç, tintly. /.. and S ]; facile, indulgfut, fieiitU, good : ']ÙKvpbç Si Trari/p ùit; l'iTTioç aiti. II. xxiv. 775. Sometimes in an active sense, that whirU .toftiut, .to/tiiiiiif! •■ 'I'TT*' '^<»' f^Koç '60' tfiKUTi ;riicpôc 6'iirrôç, aî/j' tic/ii's'/'T'H"' *''■' (h'' I'l'^'" 0«()/"i».'u n'i'cùf TTÙam. It. iv. 21!!. This word is al>o founil in I'Lito, who is fonil of poetical forms of words: 'I'.rrnci) Ktxi to irylyoç t'lTritJTipov yiyoviv{lias become milder). P/iadr. 271), b. 152. 153 Xeipiôcis, t(T(Ta, like the lily, tender or tvhite as the lily; hence, deli- (15l) cate, in Homer, in speaking of the skin and the voice : A'i/c£ TÎkioarjQ fxtivai tfÀàv êôpv ixaKçôv, o toi xpô« \(ipi6evra Sâ^pti. 11. xiii. 830. (xeiXix*'*'^ (°' '')' ^''' i"^^') P''0P' stveel as honey, often, in Homer, the epithet of words and discourse: Tot di x^P^'^'''^^ ^fï'J/ i]cnrâï,ovTO, îiriaoi Tt fiiiXixîoKn. II. x. 542. Trpâoç, nçaila, according to some, fr. Trapc'i and èvç, according to others fr. xtpnw ; facile, easy, gentle, opp. to j^nÀETTÔc, and used particularly in speaking of the charac- ter : Ilfjçoç re t:al avyyrîonwv rwv àiOpwn-Li'Lôy àiuaprrjjjià- T(i)y, Isocr. ad Nic. Sometimes it comes near to the mean- ing of ijfUEpoç : Ot iTTTTOi aviXTrovovyrec àWifKuiç, ivça.ÙTipoL (TwecTTi'iKacn. Xen. Cyr. ii. 1, 14. Sometimes in speaking of the voice : Kai r»)v (pioiïjv Trpçorf'pav Troiovprai. Xen. Symp. 1, 10. irpaus, poet, is the more ancient form, it is found as early as the Homeric hymns : K\û6t ftpoTwv iiri- Kovpe, TTpTjv cara(Tr/X/3wj' aéXaç Vij/ôBtp iç jJiorrjTa îjfiETÉprji-. Hymn. Mart. 10. irpooTjnis (Ô, J/), according to Damm, is a compound of tic, like tvr]î]ç, and their opposite cnrr]ir)c. Passow, after Lennep, derives this family of words from iiriov, bridle ; prop, good for any thing or purpose : Ohckr i]aaov tov èXaiov tû \v-)^r(o fort •n-poarjréç. Herodot. ii. 94. Fig. kind, gentle : 'RttI ràç Trpotrrjvtlç i^al ÙTraXàç ùiroarpéforrEç ôfiiXiaç TU era. Pint, de Audiend. 16. X«i.poii9T)ç (ô, j;), fr. ^{/p and i]Qoç, prop, accustomed to the hand, tractable, manageable, principally in speaking of horses, mansuetus ; IIpçîoç Koi xtipoTjQijQ Ô TTÙiXoç. Xe7i. Hipp. 2, 3. Sometimes fig. speak- ing of things, supple, flexible : Ta onXa rolg awfiacriv tyivero ;^£(po7/0j) (yielding to the. body) Kal KOV(pa. Plut. Fhilop. 9. 152. YXiîeii', fr. yXa^w, to cut or engrave in the material (as 152 intaglio-work), to cut in relievo (as cameo-work), to do sculptor's work) : AaKTvXlovg yXviptir {to engrave or cut rings). Plat. Hip. Min. 368, c. YXd<}>€ii', fr. ypiiipw, by the change of p into its cognate X, to scrape, hollow, dig : IlXivpàç te kcù wj-luvç ovpij juctori- yowr, TToaal yXû(pei. Hesiod. Sent. 431. Some modem com- mentators bave attempted to establish the same difference 154 153, 154. (152) between yXâ^w and y\v(i>u), as that between scalpo and sculpo in Latin. According to Oudendorp (ad Suet. Galb. 10), yXcKptiv, as scalpere, would mean to cut, engrave, in general, speaking of some simple and coarse work; whereas yXixpiii', as sculpere, would be said of a work more highly wrought, a regular piece of sculpture. Salniasius (ad Justin. 15, 14) would have sculpere used for cutting in relievo, or sculpture in every kind of stone or metal, and scalpere for intaglio-work in precious stones only. This distinction is based upon no authority, and there is as little certainty of its existence in the Latin words as in the Greek. In fact, some ancient grammarians have not scru- pled to reject altogether the form sculpo, and every where to read scalpo in its place, 153. 153 Y^'^^^os, ov (//), lower jaw, in Herodotus : 'Eç)cu>; ce ical yiâdoç, KOt tÙ àrw r?/c ytfidov, t^ovaa ôcôyzaç fit)vivuç ùa-iov irùiTuç tovç re vcùiraç Kot tovç yopipiovç. Herod. ix. 83. Yva6|X(5s, oC (ô), j'nii', speaking of the inside : Xa/iai ci Kt irâvraç 65ôi>Taç yvaOfjiùi' t^tXaaaifii. Od. xviii. 28. yeVus, VOÇ (>;), jaic, in Homer, Aristotle, and Galen : 0>)y(t»»' XivKuy ôêùrTu ptra yr(tfx~Tri'/), generical term for the whole jaw : "En aiayôt'iç èvo, tovtuv tu irpôcrdioy yitiior, rù c' àiriadiov yérvç. Ko £7 ^È Traira rà i^wa t»)i' KÛnoOiy yùvy, n\i)y roù irorct^iiov t^^wku^tiXov' ovrotj ci r>)y uyui fÀinoç. Aristot. Hist. An. I, 11. 154. 154 YpâfAfia, aroç (rô), the written letter, the figure traced ropre.scnling the letter ; for instance, in the Greek alphabet, the mark A is the figure {ypH^}sa)oï the letter ciXm, which is the (Troi^^tior : 'EciCuokiq ypfi^i^mrn, tyù» c' iy. Dcvi. de Coron. 80. rpâfipura is used also as our word letters. 155. 155 sometimes in the sense of belles-lettres: Kal o'Iel aùroùç (154) àireipovç ypaj.niâT(i)v elvai, wore ovic tlcéiai on .... ; Plat. Apulog. 26. cTToixeîo*', ov (ro), fr. (7T0~iypç, letter of the alphabet, prop, it is the letter pronounced according to the name and place which it has in the alphabet : 'Pw to gtoi'^Ciov, Plat. Crat. 426, d, the letter pw. (rfjfia, aroç {to), mark, sign : Tlôpev o oye ai]^aTu Xvypàf ypdxpaç Iv ■wiraKi tttvktû Ovfio^dôpa iroWa. II. vi. 168. XapaKTTip, ijnoc (ô), sign traced or cut, mark, character: 'AX\' 'icioç Tiç l) TVTToç Kai fyappapiKoç tùv )^opa*cr?;oa»j', £lj»' %'ù3ii)v elç KvrôfrapyEç avvTE\nvvTU)v, tovto c EOTiv tt,(j) -n-vXûiu yv^vàaioy 'Hpa/cXt'ouç, etteI kuke'ivoq ovic y)y yi'tjaioç ir OeoIç. Plut. Themist. 1. ^uCTToç, oï) (ô), xystus ; in the ancient gymnasiums was 156 156. (155) a sort of circular gallery or causeway, set apart for races and the exercises of the athletis. Pausanias thus describes that at Olympia: IlXaVai'ot p.i.y 'viiri\a\ Ciix rOiv Iç>o^ljv ire;), the PALESTRA was that part of the gymnasium that was specially reserved for the exercises of the athletes : 'Er rnvro) ct o1 rt cpoftoi -w yvfiyaaiu) Ka.\ toIç àdKijrulç el(7iy al TruXmarpui. Pausan. v. 15, 8. 156. 156 Y^M-"**? (''» v)» prop, naked; hence, particularly in the historians, without defensive arms, without defence : 'E-< re r»;ç k't^ciXj/c ru vrrXa ù ~iç (ptooi, yûfiyoi iyiyrovTO npùç rà To^vfiurn ica't ruXXa /jAtj. Xen. Anab. iv. 3, 6. Yufin^s, T/roç (ô), form preferred by the best critics to YofAn^-nis, iiv (ti), which is found in the ancient texts ; light- armed soldier in Xenophon, not having the ôttXov (large shield) ; opp. to oKXirrji: : 'Et.rJE(Tay iroXXoi ^ly ù—X'irai iroX- Xolct yvi.iyf]Teç. Xen. Hellcn. ii. 4, 25. The word is much more restricted in its meaning in another passage of Xeno- phon, whore it is applied solely to slingers : Kai roiiç yvfi- j'»;rae Xidu)v lyety jutffroç ràf cupOtnaç. Xen. Anab. v. 2, 12. fujxvTis is synon. with yv^yôç in Lucian : Kat »;/xi- arpariLJTrjy ûXXor Kai yv^yfiraç ôpj^ijorâc. Luc, Bacch. 3. âkOTrXos and âoirXos (ô, »/), without arms: Mwpoi- yap to Koart'ty jjovXofiiyovç rà Tv/), feminine of Qï]Xvç, used sometimes abso- lutely for the individual of the feminine sex, the female : "ATraiç ce ùppirwv té. kuI driXeiwy. Plat. Legg. xi. 925, c. GtjXu, £oç (ro), neuter, in an abstract sense, the feminine, the feminine sex ; hence, the woman : 'Atto tov ^evyvvvai TO OijXv rw apptvi. Dion. Hal. Rhetor, ii. 2. 158. ywy], aïKÔç (//), woman, frequently married woman, wife : 158 158 158. (158) Mtyirrrr] yîyiirai fTu)Tr]pia, otciv yvri] TTpîiç (ircpa ^ij f'/), one having the same bed, bed-fellow : Tip Ss Kt vticijaavTi ^cXij ««rXr/ffy ûkoitiç. 11. iii. 138. irapoÎKoiTiç, iCoç (r/), compound of the precedinj; word, to which the same meaning is usually given, though the preposition prevents it from being really synonymous : IVoij/c \' o'iov (jtwrUQ txnç OaXeprji' —apâ- KoiTiv. 11. iii. 153. oXoxoç, 01» (r/), one who shares the bed, wife, legitimate or other- wise: Lii; tiiTwv à\o\oco i\y]Ç iv ;^fpffii' tOrjKiv ircilc' iov. 11. vi. 482. Ya/xc-ni, >/ç (»/), a woman married, espoused, always with yvri'i in good writers, legitimate wife, in opp. to trmpa or irdWui: ' Ex*^ c' tTricfîiai kui yvraiit, 7o7f yajxiToAc rovç fxÈv o'vrw ■)(^poj^tyovç, wart avrîpyovç t\eiy uvràç ilç rô nvvuviiiv Tovç ntKovQ. Xen. Œc 3, 10. Later, taken substantively, wife : 'ATro/Wwciar, // 'ArraXou -ov irarpôç F.vfUtovç Tov fyatTiXiuiç yaf^iEn). Polyb. xxiii. 18, 1. Sâpiap, fiproç (//), fr. Cafiûw, prop, tamed, brought under the yoke ; hence, wife, in Homer and the Tragedians: EtcofikvT) yaXoifi Avrrj- vooicao èàfiaprt. 11. iii. 122. cvKi^Tcipa, aç (^if), one who shares the bed; hence, wife: Gtow fiiv tvvr)Tnpa rTfocràJv, diov c't Ka'i ^i]Tt]p îpvç. JEschyl. Pers. 157. cvvi;, ICOÇ (t'l), synon. with the above in the tragic writers : KaKi- artjç ivviloç rifnoniçi. Eur. Iph. A. 80?. evveTiç, iSoç (»/), an Ionic form of the preceding word, in Hippo- crates and the Alexandrine poets : "H()tj ri ^vyit}, Aiôi; tvviriç. Apoll. luwd. iv. no. ôycvvis (Ô, »)), feminine in Lycophron, wife : Otpfiolç rtKÔirun' faKuvoiç XiXovfifvac irai^wv rt Ka'i Oprjvoiai ro'iç ofitin'têwi'. Lycophr. Alex. 372. (ivTjcm]. ijc ()'/), adjective, betrothed, with âXoyoç, legitimate wife, in Homer: ' ErOa ci Trnlctç KoipiLvro Hpia/toio TTopù fiviicrryç à\ô;^oi- mr. It. vi. 24(j. wjK^ciov, 01' (ro), bridal bed. The plural wp.(^cla is in one pas- STge u,--cd for I'vpiptjhy Sophocles: 'A\,\'/) (âpw), compcaiioii, tvife, in Homer: Mapva'jUïvoç (158) àdpwv h'tKa aiptrepâu)}'. II. ix. 327- (tÛÇvyos, (ô, y)), joined with ; conjux ; taken substantively in Euri- pides, companion, wife : ^A()rt juoi areveiv irâpa TOiàffô' àfiaprâvovri (Tv^vyov aéOtv; Eur. Ale. 342. A. 159. 8a|j.dÇ€iv, rare in prose [see TiOacrcreviiv below], (o tame, break in, I59 prop, and fig. : 'Ufjiiovoi' k^kre', àcyi.î]Ti]v, î]T oKyiari] SandcracrOai. II. xxiii. 655. 8a|JiaXi^£i,v, synon. of above, in Pindar and the Tragedians: EWe ytvoijxav tv aoiç dairtSoig ttùjXovq 'EvÎTaç êanaXit^ojxkva, Eur. Hippol. 231. 8a[jLvâv, another form of the above, used only fig. : Aafiv^ç d' àvQpw^ TTOJJ^ TTi'Kti'àç ^pîvaç. Theogti. 1388. di'SpaTToSî^eii', in Herodotus and Thucydides, and more commonly di'SpairoSil^eo-ôai, in later writers, to reduce men to slavery, to make a man a slave : YipûJTov fièv 'H'iûya tï)v Èttl ^rpîijiioi'i, ^h'iôcoi' t^ojTwr, TroXiopKiq, eiXoy icaï j/i'dpaTrô- cicraf. Thuc. i. 98. SouXoCi/, to reduce to slavery : Soi êè ^ouXaxrac Attù»' 7rap6'(Tx,o»'. Eut. Rlies. 410. KTjfioûi/, to fut a muzzle on a horse : Kat nei lé, oirci ây ô^aA/iw-o)' âyij, Kr}p.ovv êe't. Xen. Hijjp. 5, 3. TiGao-o-eueii', to make tame : Tlâvreç èè ridcKraevoi'TEç kcù àafiaCoi'TiQ -a ^p{i(njja tôjv ^wwv tiç re TrôXeiuor (cai elç àXXa TTuXXd (Tvrepyolç j^pûivrai. Xen. Mem. iv. 3, 10. Xetpoûi', and more often x^ipoûcrGai, prop, to handle, to manaye ; hence, fig. to reduce, by force : 'ETre[xéXe-o ou jjiùi'ui' TOI) jyla ■)(^£ipov(rdai tcvç iyapTLOVç, àXXd Kaï toîi irpaô- TTj-i npocrâyeadai. Xen. Agesil. i. 20. 160. Seî may belong to two verbs of very different significa- 160 tion, lid), to want, need, and hiu), whence the Latin liyo, v2 160 IGl. (160) to bind ; this distinction discovers itself in the different syntactical construction of ctl, it being sometimes found with the accusative, sometimes with the dative ; in the first case, as coming from ciio, to bind, it has the notion of obligation ; hence, of necessity, constraining power, duty, it is necessary [must, ought] : Ael rovç ^iv cTvot hvaf€poûi' (^(pavepôç), to make manifest, to manifest, in the N. T. : Kai (pavEpwaEL tùç povXciç twi' Kapciwt'. 1 Cor, iv. 5. 162. helv, to bind, to tie fast: Hal tov îp/Enùva ci'jaavTEç Trapa- j(j2 eieoaaiv aî/To'iç. Xen. Anab, iv. 2, 1. Seo-p.eueii', to bind with chains or bonds : Tavrct cat Kndv- p 3 162 103,164. {IQ2) ftpttr avTvt, vTi {.le èurfitvnv cot:wt', ovr tdiyey ovd' îjxl/aB' îlfjtôy. Eur. Bacch. 616. Seaficîk, later form of the above in the N. T. : Kai ici- af.u'iT() ùXvatai kuÏ nîcaiç ;/) on ol ^vXoy upoy ùXyt'i. Callim. in Cerer. 41. 164. wj I Scpfia, (iroç (to), fr. ^ipu>, generic term for every kind of jlayed skin, even that of man : Aùrùç c afiipl iroaaaiv toiç ((()âp((TK°c TTt'toXa Tffirtoy ^ippn pôcioy îv)(fiotç. Od. xiv. 24. According; to some critics this word was not admitted in 164. 163 tragedy. [Afoyua ^è Tra'vrwv XeTrroTarov àvdpunroç £J(E( (164) K'arà Xéyov tov j-ieyedovc. Aristot. iii. 9, 3.] Scpos, eoç (j'l), Ionic and poet, skin : Aéorroç cépoç t^wv in aairih X"""?? T^^^PpiKOc, Eur. Phœn. 1120. Seppis, nt)ç (>/), dried shin, which has lost its animal moisture, but not its hair, hide : npo/v-oAii^juara tt^^ èéppuç Kai cifdipag. Thuc. ii. 75. [See èifdépa below.] 8opà, âe (J]), flayed shin, not only of a beast, but also of man : Kai tijv èopàv avTOv card n Xôyiov vtto TÛiy [3a(TiXéwv <}>povpovfjiéir]y. Plut. Pelop. 21. Pupaa, 7/e (>;), ox-shin or hide : Ov/c ecprjv ■^pfjfat rùv v'iov Trepi fivptraç iraidevEiy. Xen. Apol. 29. 8i4>0€pa, aç (//), skin of a lion, or rather the generic term for the shin of every kind of beast, although Ammonius and others give it the special meaning of goat- skin. There is also reason to think, that it was the word the most in use to signify a dressed skin, from the following passage in Hero- dotus : 'ExpEWJTO êi(pdépri(n alyeirjai re Kai olér](Ti, Herodot. V. 58. [And so Kriiger explains it in the passage of Thuc. quoted under cippiç.~\ In Aristophanes, skin which shepherds wore, the French rheno : "Q>inrep 6 Trari'ip o'ov h(l)6épay èv7]fifj.éroc (with a goat-shin fastened round you'), Aristoph. Nub. 72. KÛaç, toç {to), sheep-skin with the fleece, fleece with which beds and seats were covered, in Homer : Evpwôfiri, (péoe C)) êicppov Kai Kwag eV avTu), Od. xix. 97. [In prose, Hdt.'] KoiSioc, ov {to), diminutive, subsequently more in use in the same sense : Twv he Xvkojjomtwv irpojSâTwv, rà kmciu, Kai Ta kpia Kai rU f's avrwy «/.(ctria ';), in the Attic writers, according to the gramma- rians, sheep-skin with its fleece, wool, fleece. Herodotus uses it adjec- tively with the generic substantive CtçBipa in tlie passage quoted under di^Bipa. f>iv6^. ov (j'l), 1. skin of the living man, in the Iliad: 'Q(T£ c' cnro pivov Tpr]\i\ \iQoc. II. v. 303. 2. Skin of a beast, more particularly dressed ox-hide with which shields were covered. (See '.icrn-cç.) CTKÛToç, lOQ (rô), dressed skin ; hence, cutis : Zk-ûroç li n'l tKiztai \tLpûç. Od. xiv. 34. OT€'p<}>oç, IOÇ (rô), prop, hard envelope ; hence, in the Âle.Tandrine poets, hide, skin: '^riçnpiaiv aiytioiç t^ijJVfiivai. Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1348. Xpois, wrciç (6), outer covering of the human body, skin : 'Atcpùrarov c' ho oivToc tTrt'ypai^c XP^" ipurùç, IÎ. iv. 139. [xpoii^ {Ep.), xpoid, xpoâ {/îtt.) = skin in Horn, and the poets. In Att. prose and poetry, the skin with ref. to its colour; hence, tint, complexion. XivKÎjy xpo'"»' ^X^'f* Eur. Bacch, 457.] 165. |...- Sctrixwnipi.oj', ov (jo), house of detention, prison : IloXXot Tt kot àL,t6\uyoi UyOpwTToi fjct] iv tû ceaiJ.wTi]pi<û ^aay. Thiic. vi. GO. SeCTfjLOç, ov (o), fr. cew, band, fetter, in the singular and plural [^honds = imprisonment], chains : Kal o'l ?ov\ilay KOt cia^iy (pofyuvnttoi, ovroi ^tv ovre airov ovd' vm-ov êvyavrai ruyj^ûrtu', êih tov <}>6(3oy. Xen. Ci/r. iii. 1, 14. dfayKciîoi', ov (rô), Xenophon uses this word in speaking of a prison at Thebes ; it was probably, like the French Force, tlie name specially given to a pri.wn : 'H\0t tt^ùç TU àynyica'ioy, (cai iiiri. rip (.IpfiotpvXaKi on iiytpa ayei —apa :ro\tfiàp\ov, ov tip^ai lioi. Xen. Ilellen. v. 4, 8. clpYfJi(^9, ov (Ô), detention, confinement ; hence, place of detention, prison : "Lla-tp ol ii: rû>y iipypiLv tic rà lepà ùn-o- Cicpciakotriç, Plat. Pol. vi. 495, d. clpKTiî, »/c (»'/), house of detention, state of arrest : 'AXXà 160, 1C7. 165 TOS (ô, »}), synon. of the above : AÉy', ïtteÎ ai, X«XOC ëovpiâ- Xwtov crrépt,aç àvéxti Oovçioç Alaç. Soph. Aj. 211. 5opi9i7paTOS (ô, »'/) [ivon by the spearl, conquered by the spear: Uâptëpoç x^'^i'^^oiç "EKTopoç oTrXoig (jkvXoiç ts $piiyàiv ëopiOripâ- Toiç. Èur. l'road. 576. OovptKTTjToç (ô, y)), obtained, conquered by the spear : 'Qç Kai îy(à r)]v tK Ovjxov (piXtov, ëovpiKTT]Triv Tcep tovaav. IL ix. 343 SopiXTjiTTOC (Ô, »'/), taken in war: 'OXsaai AavaaJv jSora Kai Xtiav r'jTrep copiXijnTOç ÏT îjv Xoinij. Soph. Aj. 146. 167. 8eo-iTOTif)s, ov (ô), master, in reference to the slave: Zj/ç 107 yovv ovTwç à)ç ovo ay tïç covXoç vivo ceairÔTTj ciaiTi)jJ.eyor 166 168, 169. (167) fitii'UE. Xen. Mem. i. 0, 2. Used also of the father of a family, and in the political sense, absolute master, despot : Oi/roç ^(.v yap -ù)v iy Mi'/totr Trairw»' ctaKvrrjy kuvTvy irtTToiijKti'. Xen. Cyr. i. 3, 15. Kupios, ia {lord, master), prop, and fig., used of every kind of empire and authority, as that of a father over his children, a husband over his wife : Eira toïi fjty 'EWrjcr- iroyrov êùi Hvi^nyTttoy tynpar/yc KaOétTrrjKe, kui rj/c cn'OKOfs- TTt'idQ tTic rixiv 'E\\//»'w»' kvûwç yiyoyt. Dem. de Coron, 71. oÎKoSeffTTOTTjç, ov (ô), moster of the house, father of a familii, in the N. T. ; Kat tpe'irt tû (HKoCcairu-i] ri'ig oiV/cu. Luc. xxii. 11. The feminine oimciairoiva is found in Plutarch (ii. 012, f). 168. 1C8 8i7fiio9, ov {()), with ellipse of êovXoç, slave who put into execution sentences of death, public executioner, our com- mon hangman : 'O rfjç TvôXtwç Koirùc c)i[.uoç, uyiov Trpôc rù f^nTipa ruîi înrodarvyToç .... Plat. Lvijg. ix. 872, b. STjfioKoii'oç, ov (ô), the composition of this word seems to have originated in the phrase used by Plato in the quota- tion just given ; public executioner, who had no other office than that of putting to the torture in public or private trials : Oûroç c vv ^rjjJOKolyovç tipaaicEy îXéffOni (ivrovç. Isocr. Trapez. 3G1, d. Eustathius tells us that it was used also fig. as a term of scoffing and abuse, much as the French use their word bourreau. Paaai't(rrr|9, oïi (ô), fr. f'iâaaioç, kind of arbiter or com- missioner named by mutual consent of the parties engaged in private law-suits. ^Vhen the judge h:ul condemned the slave of one of the parties to be ])ut to the torture, it was the business of the /Sacra i-torj/c to be present, take down the statements of the sutlVrcr, regulate the mode and duration of the torture, and if the slave should become useless to his master, in consequence of the injuries received by him, assess the sum to be paid his master for the loss of his services: 'V^TTEih) c ijtco^tiy Trpùc rùy ivtanrKTrt'iy. Dem. in Pcuticuct. 978, 11. 109. 1(;9 S'fiiAos, ov (0), fr. tt'w, to bind, people, considered as a body politic, and [by the same abuse of the term by which 170. 167 'the people' is used with us to signify the people exc/w- (169) sively of the upper ranks] in opp. to the words fiovXr], senate, âpj^a/, authorities, &c. : 'Ettei^») ày-iivsyKav tovç Xôyovç ïç Tt tÙç àp)(àç Kal rôr ^Tifioy, Thuc, v. 28. [See example under TrXrjOoç.'] êQvoT)Toç (ô, ?/), noised abroad ; hence, rendered famous, 170 taken in a good or bad sense : Twi^ [(f wpa ical Xafivpit^ riaj3v}']-(i)y kv ry ttÔXei. Plut. Lucull. 0. eTTiPÔTjToç (6, y{), decried, spoken ill of, of ill name, for Ills conduct: Kot |u' etti/jw-O)' Kara yti-oyac Troujanç. Anacr. lib. ii. According to other grammarians it is used in the same sense as the preceding. Trepij3ôi(]Tos (Ô, j;), renowned, famous, or ill-reported of. 168 171. (170) nfamous, notorious: ïavrrjç Toiwv rijç ovtuç ala-^pâç raî iripij)o{iTov avardatwç i>ai icaKiaç. Dem. Cor. 92. Accord- ing to some it is used equally in a good or bad sense; but it seems certain that the ancient writers most commonly used it in a bad sense. [Ilfpi/JôijroK tliai, to he talked about ; to be the common talk. Li/s.^ Plutarch employs it in a good sense. 171. 171 SidSîjfia, aroç (tu), head-band, diadem : El^f " ^al Ciâcrj^u TTcp't Tij Tidp/), or better Kirapis, which comes nearer the Hebrew and Chaldee etymology, cidaris, head-dress prin- cipally in use among the ancient Persians ; it was a head- band or turban of white and blue. This word appears to have been confounded with Tiùoa by Plutarch and Quintus Curtius (iii. 3), both of whom make it the distinguishing head-dress of the king of Persia: Atyw»' wç o'vciv 6ynr\aiv ij tcirapiç tarùiaa irepl rij KscpaXf] rovç vtt' ai/ror. Plut. Artax. 28. The Sept. translators have also used kicapiç in speaking of the head-dress of the higli-priest of the Jews. \i.lrpa, aç (»'/), fr. fiiroc, a linen band or fillet ; Herodotus gives this name to the head-dress or turban worn by the Babylonians and Assyrians : Tuç KtipaXàç fiiTptjfTiy àracto»- Tui. ILrudot. i. 11)5. avo%, ou (ô), fr. aritpd), in Homer, circle ; later, crown. It was not peculiar to royalty in ancient times as it is in modern, but was the distinctive badge of certain offices ; it was also the reward given to citizens who had rendered signal service to their country, as also the prize of the victors in public games; at festive entertainments the guests wore crowns of flowers: "On OTupaioi i cij^tnç Arjfio- aUirtjy ■)^pv àperfiç irttca. Dtm. de Coron, 17. oTCfifia, oroç (ju), more common in poetry, according to Eustathius, crown, encircled with little wreaths of wool consecrated to a god, and carried by a suppliant, such as that of Chryscs, in the Iliad : ^TtfifAur i\u>y iv ytpaiv Ikt]- /îoXow 'A;ro\\u)j Of. 7/. i. 11. 172. 1G9 ' Xsu/càr tnl rijç KtfaXfjç. Aihen. 543, f. [More commonly worn by women round the breast.^ Taicta, ac ()/), fr. Tdvtir, tissue (woven-work), long and nanovv, used for making crowns or garlands, head-bands, girdles, band, narrow band, ribband; by ext., crown, in Xenophon : O èk ^wi:pàTr]ç êitirparre tù riu'iiTurri. ju?) rai- viciç, H/\/\a ([jiXi'i^uTa irapà rwf Kpirwy yet'iaddi. Xen. Conv, 5, 9. Tiâpa, ne (>/), TiARA, cap of felt, and pointed at the top, head-dress of the great Persian lords, and of tlie king, who alone had the right of carrying the point of the cap upright : T»)»' ^tv yap fTTi TJi KefaXij ru'ipay jbaeriXtt norw £^£«T^l^' 6pdt)i' i-X^*-''' Xen. Anab. ii. 5, 23. 172. SiSacTKaXeîov ov {to), school: "Estort Trôcrt Wipcraiç irifx- 172 TTftr TOVÇ tavTwr Tralcaç etc rà KOivh rfjc ctcruoirûrjjç êica- (TfcaXela. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 15. [Also cicaaKuXtlov irnlêiov. Th. vii. 29, 5.] yup.vd(nov, ov (rô), GYMNASIUM, place more particularly set apart for bodily exercises: "^lansp tovç yéporrctç iv Tolç yvf-iycKriuic oruv pvaaol Kai yu») ijliÀç ri]v bxpii' Ojxwç (piXo- yvf^ii arr-wair. Plat. Pol. iv. 452, b. 8iaTpi/3ri, ?7c ('/)) school of philosophy, in Lucian : 'Epya- ff-j/pto yodv ÈKciXei Kal KU7n)\eia tuç tovtwv Ciarpijiàç, Luc. Nicjrin. 25. y\^y\Tr\p\.ov, ov (jo), place destined for the exercises of youth, c/i/mnasium, in Plutarch : ''Ei.EKrrtTo Ttjç 'Pw/vtjç tù ijcKTTa npoâctTtia, Kai tQv i)jJi]TT]plujv rU KaXXiffra. Plut. Pomp. 40. fieXeTTjTripioj', ov {to), study, private room for the purpose Q 170 173. (172) of study : 'Ec -ovrov Karayetoy fiiv ohocofiijirai ^fXtrj/rj/- f>ioy, Û cii ciiaûii^tTo teal Kud' î/fiâç. Plut. Dem. 7. ■n-aiSaYWYeîok, ov {to), school-room : Kai to -auayuiytloy Kopûi'. Dem. de Coron. 79. orxoXV]. I'lc (//), SCHOOL of philosophy, in Plutarch : "Q.crrE K(ù Tuvf; ipiXoiTdipovç £ »' Ttùç ffT^oXaïf ^T]TovyTaç, el rù TrciWt- adui ri)i' Kdpcmr .... Plut. Arab. "29. 173. 173 8i8d(TKaXoç, ov (ô), inaster that teaches, professor, public or private tutor, in the sciences and literature generally : Oi c' tiy TraictvOùxTi ■jraoa ro'tç crj/jotrioiç ciCuaKÛXolç. Xen. Cyr. i. 1, 15. eTTiord-niç, ov (o), master, who shows what ought to be done, who sets the example. The lessons of the afûrrva- Xoç have more to do with the pupils manner of expressing himself and reasoning ; those of the fffiororr/c with the actions and the conduct ; in general, he who directs, who gtddes, who watches over, prefect, inspector : Avrolç ttoi- fiviwy l-KT-âraiç. Soph, Ajac. 27. C^i'X ''f?f ^^ ivtuktol fity iiaiy ty ro'iç vavriKo'iç, tvrâtcrtjç c' éy To'iç yvfiviKolc àyûim TitWotrcu To'iç tTricTTÛraiç ; Xen. ]\fem. iii. H, 18. At Athens it was tlie name of the chief or president of the TlovTuieir. ■n-aiSaYcoYos, ov (o), private teacher or tutor whose duty it was to watch over the conduct of his pupil, and to form his manners. It was almost always a slave who discharged this oflice, and who never left tlie child with whose educa- tion he was entrusted : 'ETrticùy rû^^torn ol -ulctç rà Xeyo- fi(y(i iui'KÎKTtr, tvdvc l-i£y tJr' avrolç Triii^dyuiyuvç Htpinrnyrnç k(f>i(TTÙai ùyiiOûiy ày^piî/y t'rtir- rtro. J'lut. Lye. 17- Trai8oTpi'PT]s, ov (o), he who trains the child in bodily 174, 175. 171 exercises, master of the palœstra, or gymnasium : O't ireol (173) TO auifxa TraicoTplftaL te Ka\ mrpot. Plat. Gorg. 504, a. 174. SiSdcTKeii', to teach: AiCaaKovtri êè avToiiç cat Treldeadai 174 Tolç àpyovai. Xen. Cyr, i. 2, 8. Seitci'uVai, to shoiv, sometimes used for êiêâfficeif, to teach : O'iTittç ceikovai te ôpdûiç Kai ^lèà^ovai i:ai eOiffovai rciûra cpÇv. Xen. Cyr. iii. 3, 27. BrjXoût', to make known, to explain : ''O ci p.01 cokeI ÈvCe- ÉTTspoi' T/ ù)ç Èy^prji' êi]\ù>(Tai, tovto Èyù) ■KEipâcoj.ia.L tovç j.u] ElloTaç hcâL,ai. Xen. Cyr. viii. 1,1. TvaiSeuei»', to bring up, to form the mind and manners of a child, to instruct a child : Ei c Ettj TeXEvrrj tuv jitov yivo- ptvoi povKu'n.iEQâ Tij) ÈKiTpÉ\pai 7) TTCÙCUÇ Ttaicevaai 7/ XP''" puTU ciatTÙxrai, dp' à^LOwinroj' eIç TuvTa îiyrjaopEBa rôv ÙK-puTi] ; Xen. Mem. i. 5, 2. \_To bring up and instruct, (î/v-)rp£^£tl' Kul TTCUCEVELV. P^.] ■n-aiSaywY^î*') to educate a child; hence, to direct as a child : 'O ao(pi(TTi]ç tovç iraiCEvopéiovç ovrio cvvûpEvoç ttoi- caywjE'iv. Plat. Theœth. 167, c. 175. SiSômi, prop, to distribute ; hence, to give, in a very 175 wide sense, dare, prop, and fig. : Kat 6 Kûpoç Xa/jwr Ti]v Tiiv 'YcTTaanov Cet,iàp tèwKE 7W Twjjpva, 6 ^' ice'saro. Xen. Cyr. viii. 4, 26. [In Près, and Impf. often = to offer (to give). 1 Scopeik, rare in the active, and more used in the middle ScjpcIcrOai, to present, or to make a present : Tw êè 'Yp^ni/w tTTTo)' Kcù u\Xu TToWà (COI KuXà ÈcujpïjCTciTo. Xeti. Cyr, viii. 4, 24. 8wpvTTecr6au, synon. of the preceding word, in the Doric dialect: TaV rot, 'iipa, Kopvvav SdjpuTTOnai. Theocr. vii. 42. £YYT)o\iÇ€LV, to place in the hand, to deliver, to commit : Kai toi 'LivQ iyyvd^i^tv crci/Trrpôi' r' i^ëk OéfiicTTaç. II. ix. 99. èyxeipiï,eiv, to put into the hands, to commit, confide : 'Ay;/7(\f'(W EcivTOf (cat Ttju yvi'n'iKa teal rà tekpu icaï T))y cvyapiy ii'E-)(_Eipi]yt]- fxtroy ; Aristot. Eth. Nic. iv. 10. 176, 177. 173 176. Siiîyilo'i'S» f<^c {>)), narration in prose or verse, of a con- 176 siderable extent, and forming a whole : 'AW' lài' irep ên'i- yrjaiç i), tHjv yeTOj^iérijy karni, 'ir' uranrtjaQevTic kKeiriov jjéXrtov fiovXtvaujvraL irepl rwy varépwy, Aristot, lihet. iii. 16. StrJyTjfjia, oroç (rô), shorter narration, detached piece, episode, narrative, relation, limited to the relation of a single fact or matter connected with a single person, in the rhetoricians ; thus, according to Hermogenes, cn'iyncrtç might be applied to a great work, such as tlie history of Herodotus or Thucydides, and Co'/yz/^ri is a simple narra- tive, such as that of the adventures of Orion or Alcmeeon : Kot :r«/\«i' hi'iyrjffiç fitv ii IffTopia 'Hpocurov, >/ avyypcKpf) QovKvclcov' ciîjyqjjia êè to Kara 'Ap/ora, to (caret 'AA- Kjuaiwi'ci. Hermog. Frogymn. cap. 2. 177. SiKaioç, ain, in conformity with what is right, just; 177 Justus : 'Ap' 0V1', tv. Soph. Ant. 206. aï(ri|J.oç (Ô, if), proper, ^ood, just : 'AXXo êÎKriv Ttovffi Kai aïcifia tpy' avOpioTTiov. Od. xiv. 84. eiKdjg, ôroç (ô), fr. eoiKrt, reasonable : HpoicuXecràneroi yap TzoWd /cot £(/côra, ov Tvyy/iiofÀtr. Thuc. ii. 74. èiTieiKTis (ô, //), fair, moderate : Tùv Tpoizov k-meiK)]ç Kai UKaioc. Diod. Sic. i. 106. [Of persons, especially of one who gives up something of his strict right ; so TdTrieiKt] TrpôcrOei' //yoDirat Siktiç. Eur. — Of things, /flzV, reasonable : afxoXoyioLTii'i èwitiKel. Th. iii. 4. 2. Cf. 1, 155.] ïctos, fig., 1. equal, equitable ; œquus : MrjCanwc' ovte yap cÛKcuor, ovt "ktov iaTiv. Devi, de Coron. 98. 2. Im- partial : BnvXoifirjv B' or VfACic 'iaovç àicpoaraç VTvep VfiCjv (tvTÛiv yEvéadat. Dem. Proœm. 1454, 7. ôpGôç, j'/, fig. right, in the sense of just, rectus : Kara Xoyoy ouQôf. Plat. Legg. x. 890, d. q3 174 178. (177j ocrioç, la, permitted by religion, or just towards the pods : Kara Tor TTclfft I'Ofiof KaOeffriÔTa, rov (.viuvTaizoXiiiioy uaiov iivai àiivviadui. Thuc. iii. 56. [Hence also of persons, obejinsf all divine and human laws, conscientious, &c. : iai(i)v fucowi' ùpyjjy-uiy. PL Ep. vii. 335, d.] 178. I'j-g 8ÎK1], r]ç {if), fr. ^iiKûf [jacere^ prop, what the lot casts or sends to one ; portion that falls to one's lot ; lot, in Homer : A/W uvri] Ikt] larï /jporJJi', on iciv re dtnn)- aiv. Od. xi. 218. Hence, the notion of individual ri(jht : 'II yiip c/cj; Kpiaiç tov èii^aiov koÏ tov cùii^ov. Aristot. Eth, Nic. V. 10, 4. SiKaiov, ov (to), that which is just, the just, just pretension or claim; hence, 1. right; jus: 'E»' fièy oîi -poç uTrcttraç Tovç Tovrujy Xoyovr vrrajjj^ft jjoi ciKnioy. Drm. in Callicl, 1272, 10. 2. Political right : 'AW' evrv^oîxrty on tiairo- j^piirrai {projit hy) tjj v^itTipcf. pçdvf^iç. rij ovcè TÙ,y liKatwy àiriiXavuy Trnouipovpiyr). Dem. de Indue. 218, 5. [See ZiKai(ufjia.'\ SiKaiotrûio] , jjc (»/), sentiment or principle of what is just, justice : Kai >/ ^èy êiKaiotrvi j] eori Knd' yy i cii^aioç XtytTcu 7rpaKT(k.ôç Kara irpoulpemy tov ^iKnlov. Aristot. Ethic. Nic. V. 9, 17. 8iKai()rr)s, i]toç (i'/\ quality of the just man, habit of justice, which may only be apparent : "Q-airip ci rtç àya'X- Xerat £;ri Otoffel^tiq. Kiù àXrfOtic^i tccù ciKutiiTijri. \en. Anal). ii. 6, 25. SiKaîufia, nroç (rô), plea of right which one urges, just claim : A(ka(w/nnra f^ity ovy Tact ttooç vpâç 'i\n^iiy ûara. Thuc. i. 41. In the N. T., means of justification, of expiation, that which justifies : To ?£ -^^^ciptcrfin lie noXXtôy TTftpdirrtoftdTioy tic CiKoiiofia. Rom. v. Hi. [ =: senicntia ahsolutoria ; sentence of acquittal or justification. At- Kuiiopu also, hut rarely, a just action ; opposed to àct- Ktfpa. Arist. Eth. v. 7 ; who adds that (tKawirpdytifAd (see below) is more common in this sense, CiKuiiopa being rather = to irarôpOw^a tov à^«*.i//iaroc]. SiKaîuais, tioç (i'/), 1. pretension or claim to the exercise of a right : T»/»- yap avriiy ci/rurai ^oùXuaiy ij re fityian} 179. 175 Kcù t\a-)(^l(T-r] ciKaltûmç, cnro rwv ôfxoltoif irnù cIki]ç rolç (178) iréXaç ÈTTiTafTao fit IT). Thuc. i. 141. 2. Justification, in the N. T. : KfiJ iiYtf)6i] CUL rt)v cii^aiuxni' »/a'. Rotn, iv. 2.'). ZlKal.o^vpây■(]^La, aroç (tô), practice of justice, and better, act of justice, just action, in Aristotle, who thus distin- guishes it from CiKaio)' : To fièy yap êÎKatov to T

/), action- at-law, in general ; very often at 179 Athens ciKT] alone, with ellipse of 'i^ia, signified suit-at-law between private individuals, especially when opposed to ypa'/), public action ; accusation, or criminal in- 176 180. (179) dictment for a capital offence against the laws of the State. Socrates, in the Euthyphron of Plato, speaking of the accusation brought against him by Mtlitus, uses the word ypadn'i, wiiich he distinguishes from ciKt] in these terms : Où Ei'iTTov 'AOr)i'u'ioi y£, a) Ei/Wû^po»', ci/), action in claim of a right or a privi- lege [trial to decide between adverse claims ; e. g. to an inheritance ; of creditors to a confiscated estate, &c.] : "E/rrt yap o fxiv àyiov ovroai ic\)]pov aacicactu. Dem. in Leochar. 1082, 16. cyKXTjfia, aToç {to), complaint, charge, or accusation in a private matter, in a suit between private persons, applied both to the complaint or charge itself, and to the deed of declaration containing it \J.ibellus accusatoriits^ ; 'Akovete ytypaj.tjiiioy iv rJ iyt^Xtif^iari, Dem. in Aausim. 988. KaTT]Yopia, ftc (»'/), accusation, charge preferred in a matter of Stale: Tat," fJ-f-y yap ci^aç virip tCov Iciujy tycXrj^forwi' Xayj^aroi/CTt, -aç ci k:ar>;yoptaç vîrep twv riiç irôXEutç Trpa- yfiÛTuyv iroiovirai. Isocr. de Big. 603. 180. 180 SÎktuoc, ov (rô), fr. hiCE'if, to cast, net, in general; accord- ing to its etymology, it ought at first to have been used for fishing: "ilff-' l-^Ovuç ovç 6' ûXcjjîç koIXoi' iç alyinXùi- tto- XiflC tt^rofrdt 6aXâ(T(Triç fi/crww i^ipvaai' ■7roXvtt)i7Û . Od. xxii. 3S6. In Xenophon it is the net with meshes made of flax of the largest size for taking game, hunting-net, toils ; plagce : Ta Cc hiKrva TtiviTW iy ane^oic. Xen. Cgneg. 6, 9. dp.4>îpXT]OTpoi', ov (ri)), great net for fishing, casting-net or sweep-net, verriculum : Aafhly afitfiipXijarpoy ko» irtpi- liaXt'tf TE TrXfjOoç noXXoy riJiiy i-)^6vujy Ka'i tlttpixrai. Hcrodot. i. 141. âpKuç, oc (0), a smaller net than the two preceding ones, rete ; it was used in taking the boar and the hare; it was set about holes and openings of the ground, in forests, near ponds and streams : Aiwko^ti'o»' H tÙv Aayw £«C ra''c npKvç £«c to vpoaGiy TtpoiiaOu). Xen. Cyneg. 6, 10. àpireSônr], t;c (//), noose, net: Tt It îXû'povç nocâypaiç Kai ùpiricoiitiç ; A'e». Cyr. i. 0, 28. 181, 177 YayYajuio»', ov {ro), small net for taking oysters : Fa'yya/ià (180) T j'/è' i/TTo^rù 7repi//y£fç. 0pp. Hal. iii. 81. Ypt(j)os, nv {()), fishing-net [exact form and use un- known] : To))/ rd yuev ù^cpIftXrjaTpa ra êè ypl(poi tcakéorrai. Opj). Hal. iii. 80. [Related to pt'i//, ^nrôç, scirp-us. Pott.'] èi'ôSia, wy (ra), fr. iu and ôêôç, lit. road-nets, nets of the smallest size for taking game ; snares, casses : 'E/i/SaXXerw ce TCI £1 d^m etc tÙç ôcoiiç. Xen. Cyneg. 6, 9. KupTos, ov (o), sort of round basket of twisted rush, used in taking fish, bow-net, in Plato and Theocritus : 'Op- l^eial, KvpToi re, kuI ek (T-x^oivwrXajivpLrOot. Theocr. xxi. ll. Xîkoi', 01» (rô), prop, flax, and the various things made of it, as fishing-net, in Homer : Mi'ittojç, ùjç axp'tai Xirov àXôvre Tratciypov. IL v. 487. TrXeY|i.a, aroç {t6), prop, weft, twist ; hence, toils for taking game : Tiioç c' heica èoXovy vç àypîovç TvXiyjxaaL Kal opvyi-iaaL ; Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 28. TTopKos, ov (ô), sort of round net for fishing : Kvprovç c^ Kui cÎKTva Kui /3pô^oi;e K"at TrôpKovç. Plat. Sophist. 220, c. CTay^nf], 77e (^/), according to Hesychius was a kind of basket of twisted rush, used in fishing, a seine ; sagena ; according to some it was the bottom of the net, into which the fish falls when taken [more prob. large drag- net] : Ka« Tui /îôXoj' i-^6v(i}\' Tvpiaaijai nori (j)a(n Ili^Wayôpa»', elra acpelyai KiXevaui t))v aayi}vr}v. Plut. Symp, 8. LnroxT), rjç (»/), kind of round net for fishing : Etra fiirroi KopciKirovc Tcùç vTToyiùç TToXXovç tjvXXajJÔi'reç. jElian. H. Anim. xiii. 17. 181. SnrXoûs, >7, 1, double, in regard of width and height; i^\ 2. Speaking of things folded naturally or by art, folded double : 'Aficbl c una ^Xuivav irtpoviiauTO (poiriKÔtanav ctirXrjy. II. X. 134. 8(irXa| (Ô, r/), double [as consisting of two folds or layers'] : Kai ra l-itv iv xpvcfky , »/), Attic form and later, but as early as Xenoplion : Tûi»' ci \pt]nûru)v àyrl ^ir tùiv TrtiTi/korra T-«/\, >/), synon. of the preceding word, and used by Aristotle in speaking of that which is naturally double : Kal iTipoy vEvfiui' ftn-rv^^ce, ô rtVo)»'. Bristol. II. An. iii. 5. SiCTCToc, >/, that which is of the number of two, double, speaking of number ; sometimes the plural cirrao'i is used for cvo both in prose and poetry, bini : Tf/c ct irSavovo- yiKffç cirrU Xtyofiey ytiij. Plat. Soph. 222, d. 182. 182 SiaKOs, ov (Ô), DISC, a species of quoit made of a round stone, flattened and having a hole through the centre ; through this hole a leather thong was passed, which was used in throwing it: J^Kn^oitriy Tip-wTo. II. ii. 774. Discs were also made of wood and iron, as we learn from Eusta- thius. CTÔX09, ov (6), solid spherical mass of iron, or ball, thrown as the disc, but differing from it in matter, and specially in shape : Ut]\tici)ç dTjiciy aaXoy ny Trptr ^£i' p<7rra(7»:£ f-uyci adiyoc 'lltrtioyoç. II. xxiii. 820. 183. 183 SoK6Îi', to be believed, to appear, but only as regards the opinion formed, which may be cither true or false, to pass for : 'V.yfh^ûiuOn ycip, £^»j, t« riç /i/) wr àydOo^ iii/Xq- r»)c cot:ily /SoûXoiro, ri àr avrip iroirjrioy eh] ; Xen. Mem. i. 7, 1. ^aî^'caOai, to appear, said of objects, the existence of 184. 179 ■which is real, whatever be the form under which they show (183) themselves to our eyes, or the notion that we conceive of them ; or again, of a fact, of which no doubt is entertained by the party mentioning it. Thus Demosthenes in the following passage conceals the most refined irony under the word 0aij'£rat; the Athenians might be flattered by his use 0Ï (paiverai, whereas coKti would have been considered by them as an affront : Ovk àiria-Càv vfilj', ùç yé fxoi (pal- vtrat. Dem. de Coron. 3. ["With the infin. (pair. = to ap- pear to be ; with the partcp. ^ to be seen to be.] eiSecrOai, refers solely to the external and visible forms of objects : 1. lo be seen, to appear, videri, in speaking of objects which present themselves to the eyes, as the heavenly bodies, Src, in Homer and the poets ; hence, 2. to have the luolc or the appearance , to resemble : Ilapà êk yXavKÙiTTiç 'Adi]V7] tlcofiivi) KJjpi/Ki. 11. ii. 280. [Also in Hdt. ^dofia tlSopti'ov 'Apiarojvi. G, 69 ; 7> 5G]. eÏKeic, principally in the perfect, I'otKa, to resemble, in a moral and intellectual view ; sometimes to seem, in a case of conjecture or probable inference : "Eoikuc, )^' tvcaii.101 iay oloi-iéyù) T^v(p))i' kch TroXvTÉXEiay euai {you seem to think, Sec). Xen. Mem. i. 6, 10. 184. So^a, 7]ç (?/), fr. coKÉù), opinion entertained, judgement 184 passed according to the appearances of things ; in Plato it is opposed to tnicj-îmii, certain knowledge, and that which is alone certain : Tic yap av icui 'in iwiaTyjj.-n eir) x*^P'C \6yov 7£ Kcù ôpdtjç ^objQ ; Plat. Theceth. 202, d. 8ÔKT]cri.s, eojç (//), belief \_persuasion ; also expectation~\ : XaXfTToi' yap TO ^erpioiç eltteïv, kv w fioXiç kul >/ coKijaiç Tfjç àXrjdeiaç jjeliaiovrai. Thîic. ii. 35. SoKTjfia, aroç (ril) that which one believes, that which seems; hence, expectation: Ao/cr/juarwi' Èktoç i)Xdey kXirlc. Eur. Here. Fur. 771. [Also appearance in a vision, vision : êÔK. vvKTepwTzov Èvvv'^(i)v oi'tlpwy. Eur. Here. Fur. 111.] So^ao-fia, aroç (ré), effect, result of the opinion held : "^(77£ rw alrû) vtto aiTai'Tuyv Icia ^o^aff/itirt Xuvdcireiy to Koivoy àdpùov (^deipojitvoy. Thuc. i. 141. Yi'cjfiT), r)Q (>/) (ytyvwcTK-w), opinion formed upon know- ledge of the matter, and under a conviction entertained about it: Tfjç ^èy yvùjjLrjç ùel rîig avrrjç 'é-)(opai. Thuc.i. 140. 180 185. (184) oïrifia, uToc (rô), fr. r/iw, good opinion of oneself, conceit, presumption, m Plutarch: Oh'jfiUToç tTrXripovyTo Kai co^oao- (piaç. Plut. Platon. Qucest. 999, e. oÏTjcriç, e(oç (//), supposition, notion, peculiar mode of view- ing a matter, opinatio : 'Ear mp fitlyj] ijct ?'/ (hi](tiç rù àppo- viar piy tirtu avtOtToy Trf)âyfia. Plat. Plued. 92, a. 185. 185 %6ia, r]ç (//), opinion that others have of us; hence, 1. reputation in general, good or bad, according to the epi- thet used, or the context : 'Avti è' àpiTTjQ kot t6li]ç àyaSi/ç on (I'vc av rri ^vpujy Trpoç ro'iç ao'iç K(ù 'Aaavuiioy irarra irpoiXoiyro. Xen. Cyr. v. 2, 12. 2. Without epithet, good name, reputation, glory : MZ/re jj^ûy avTÙy rijç ^o;f?ç ey- Seiaripovç. Thuc. ï\. 11. S(>^a7p.a, aroç (rri), that ivhich glorifies, that in which a man glories, glory, in the Sept. : AttwKct iy ^Ciwr (TLjrtjpiay, Tip 'IrrpuiiX tic coiacrpa. Isa. 46, 13. EÙSo^îa, aç (»/), good reputation : Yj'vcolia etrrl rù vttÙ nây- TU)v aTTOvêaloy ûn-oXo^pâitirôai f; TOioïirùy ri iX*"' ^^ t(λt£c è(pUyrui */ ol ttoWvi »*/ o'i àyaOol *; o'i opôti^iot. Aristot. Rhet. i. 5. cuKXeia, ac (>'/), good reputation ; hence, glory ; poet, altliough used by Plato and Xenophon : ïô»- vni Ti]\ù[)i' iôvra i'vKXeii^ç èn-t/jf/ffor. //. viii. 28'). cû(t>T]^îa, ac (//), good report, renoten, modem : Knî rj/c tthuXciTTTOv npùç riv àt\ yjpôyoy lin^r^piaç. Plut. Consol. ad Ap. '.il. cvixoç, foç {to), that which is the. object of vows ; lience, fjlorij : Ilo- aitcâvjvi ci vtKtfv TTctaav iirtTpti\/aç ^ùXtoy Vi q\ ivxoç lêbtKaç ; U. xxi. 473. kX^os (to), fr. kXvu), that which one hears spoken of, tra- dition, poptdar report ; fama, always with a distinctive epithet in Homer : 'II/iuTf H kXÎoç oloy ÙKovof^uy, ov^é n 'icj-ity. II. ii. 486. Without any determining adjunct in the poets after Homer, and often also in prose : To rt'oi- irOa èui,a (pfoti KXioc ayt'ipctToy fhor^. Eur. Iphig. A. 5(J7. k\t}8wv, (îi'oc (>'/), report, reputation, fama : Tj c7]ra ^oï,i}Ç fi r« trXyi'ôi'Oi; (caXi}t ftdrijv ptovaifc ùi^iXif^ia yiyytrai; Soph. Œd. Cot. 2&U. 186, 187. 181 KÛSos, eoç (tÔ), fr. kvu), prop, eminence ; hence, excellence, superiorili/, (185) eminenl or orlorious advantage, and not gloiy [•'] as it is usually ren- dered: 'UpdfitOa néya Kvêoç, tiTk(pvoiitv"EKTO(>a clov. II. xxii. 393. 18G. Sopu, ciToç (rô), wood or shaft of the dart or spear ; hence, 186 by ext., javelin, longer than the uKwy, in the Iliad ; spear, used both in close fighting [as a pi]te~\, and from a distance ; spear, pike, in the historians : UpoUi copv. IL xxiii. 438. aîxp'l, '7c (>'/)) fr. à.Ki], prop, point of the iron head of the spear ; hence, by ext., in Homer, Herodotus, and the Tra- gedians, but rarely in prose, pike, spear : Aj^^/y eiafXTrfpec 7]\de. II. V. 658. cyxoS' fç {to), pike, lance, long and heavy spear, which was sometimes thrown, but only in near fight, on account of ils weight: Oi ^' ore 5j) a\t?b\' ijaav tir' àWijXoKnv làvrtç ^tjyevç pa TrpoTipoç Trpoui co\i- XÔffKiuv tyxoQ. II. V. 15. Although there is little difference in Homer, generally speaking, between dôpv and ? y^^oç, yet this latter kind of spear seems to have been longer and heavier, as may be gathered from the following verse : ''EyT(;oç é' ov^ 'iXir olov ciiivj.iovoQ AlaKiCao, j5oi6v, juÉya, cmfiapôv to fièv ov ^i'var àXXoe ' Axumv irdWtiv. li. xvi. 140. XoyXT) VÇ ('/)) the iron head of the spear, and similar weapons : ù^oov piav ^oyxH'' '^X°^' Xen. An. v. 4, 16. Spear, lance, in the Batrachomyomachy : 'H ci vv \6yyj] f.vjxi]Kr]ç [DiXôvt). Batr. 129. crapicTcra, i]ç (j/), spear used by the Macedonian infantry, in Polybius : Twr TroXei-ilwy opdttç ciraaxôi'TOJi' rhç aupia- aciç' oirep tdoç iar). ttoieIv to'iç ^ïcuceSoffiy, orai' TrapaCièwiny uiirovc .... Polyb. xviii. 9, 9. 187. SoTiKoç, ?'/ (c/^wjui), one who likes to give; inclined to jgy give, in Aristotle : Ot yap voWvl conicol yuclAXov 7/ (pL\o- Xpwaroi. Aristot. Eth. Nic. iv. 3. ficTaSoTiKoc, ?'/, prop, ready to impart, who shares what he has, or gives voluntarily : "Ert ci crd/tvciig kcù neraconkoç Twy aynQwv. Diod. Sic. i. 70. [Also, in Arist. Anal. Pr. ii. 30, 3, of the lion,! According to Ammonius, fJieraSoTiKos R 1S2 188. (187) Js properly said of the man who gives of his own accord to his friends, and €it-i8otik<>s, »';, of him who gives liberally to those that ask of him ; there is no other authority for the last adjective. 8a(j/iXiîç (Ô, >/), sometimes liberal : O'vct yvvHil\ êa\!/i\»)ç Xopf]ys, >/ {(^wpiifia), inclined to make gifts, liberal : Meya\6(pp(i)y re kui rwoiji^iariKÔc;. Dion. //. yliit. P. viii. GO. p,eyaXô8upo9 (ô, »'/), magnificent, munificent : 'i2 '/, lavish : Ilov o-rparjjyùi' ùvai ^nt) . ... km —noeriKÙf »>ai tipTraya. Xen. JSIem. iii. 1, G. 4)iXôSujpos (ô, >'/), one who loves giving, liberal, bountiful : Kai (piXunjooy Kul nXioiii^Ti}}'. Xen. ^leni. iii. 1, G. 188. 188 SouXeia, ac (»/), condition of the slave, slavery, servitude : VjI' ei^itiu) Ce TU) tcciipu), ore Tract coi'A£(a>' £7r£0£p£»' o pcip- ficipoç. Thuc. iii. 5G. SooXoaunr], »;ç (»'/), state of servitude, habitual state of the slave, slavery : ]\I»/7ror£ râic, w irorita, ^pvtjKifyùcTTpv^^or w Attif ipyoç" Aprepi, èovXoavtay rXaiijy. Pur. Phœn. 190. SouXuais, fwc (»/)i the action of enslaving, enslavement : 'KTrtiCij èutpiufity avTovç ri}v fiÈy rov ]\l»}cow 't\Opay ayiiyrac, Ti/r tî'TÛ)i IvfÀfxû^wy êuvXoiaiy iirayo^iitovç. Thuc. iii. 10. aixfJiaXuaîa, aç (»/), captivity, state or condition of one who is taken in war : Eiir£ o) nuOuty ti irpoç Tt)y ai-)(jxa- Xiiiaiity Toî) ùyaOïipaToç. Plut. Thcmist. 3]. ftptpos, ov (o), captivity, in tlie Odyssey : Eîpcpov dffavâyovffi TTÔvoy t' èxfp»v Kai 6'H^vv. Oil. viii. b'lM. 189. 183 189. SoCXos, ov (Ô), fr. cib), properly, hound [a hond-man'], en- 189 slaved, servus; hence, by ellipse, used substantively, serf, slave, in general ; applied equally to one under the autho- rity of a master, to a [despotic] king's subjects, and fig. to him whose passions are his master : Etc Êfî"* covXoç ohiaç ô ce/Tirôriiç. Menandr. Fragm. dKoXouôoç, ov (ô), a follower, attendant, man-servant : INIdi'oç ^" tTvnpevov, ter], i) icui ùkoXovOoç aoi l'iKoXovdei ; Xen. 3Iem. iii. 13, 6. ài'SpâTroSof, ov (rô), according to the derivation fr. ai'i'ip and cnroèôadai, generally, taken in war', a captive, a slave, without any notion annexed o{ service, or being in a house- hold : "£)'&£»' &p' olfii^oi'TO Kapr]K(>f.i6u>yreç 'A^ruo/, aWoi fxèu ^aXicw, aXXoi 0* a'idwvi ailrjoo), aXXoi ^' avepairoctaai. II. vii. 475. \_Th. viii., ret iwCpcnvola ircLrTci kuI doiiXa Kai ikevdcpu, all their captives, both bond and free. "] Sp.a(ç, Sfiwôç (ô), feminine Sfxwr], îjç (r/), fr. 5a/tau), prop, tamed, subjugated, taken in war, in which it differs from SoîiXoç; hence, reduced to slavery, captive, slave, male or female, in Homer and the Tra- gedians, found once only in the masculine in the Iliad : Kat oï êei^eiaç SKaara, ktïjoiv ip.r]v Cfiwâç ts. 11. xix. 3.33. cpYanqc, ov (6), labourer employed in the fields by the farmer, but who was also a slave, as is plain from the fol- lowing passage in Xenophon : Kat TrapuKEXiverrOai ce iroX- XciKiç ovcei' i]TTOv ce'i rolç epyciTaiç ror ynopyov, i) tov trrpa- TTjyuy Tolç arpaTiijiTuiç' teal iXTriêiOf Se ciyaOwy ovèèi' i]ttoi' 01 covXot TÙii' tXevBtpwt' êéovTai, àXXà (crti jdâXXoy, oirwç ^ivtiv iOéXu)(7iv. Xen. Œcon. v. 16. ôepdirwi', oJToç (ô), fr. Qepw, one who serves, in general ; and specially, in Homer, one who serves voluntarily and out of friendship, as Patroclus served Achilles : 'H/teVfpoe yfoctTTwi'. II. xvi. 244. One who attaches himself to the service of a prince, courtier, minister, servant at arms, not unlike the squire of the middle ages. Homer fig. calls warriors QipairovTic " Apr]oç. II. ii. 110. Later, OepuTrwy 1 The original has ' en parlant de personnes et de choses,' which the author cannot have intended. 184 189. (189) was used for oltctTrjc, slave, body-servant, valet : *Ui' yap Ta ftiXTiijif à dtpaTTwy Xéluç rv\T}. Aristoph. Plut. 3. XcÎTpis, t^oç (ô, >'/), fr. Xaw, to take, one who serves, a servant. According to Amnionius Xdrpic was a person, free-born, whom war or its consequences had reduced to slavery; it seems better to understand it, with Hesychius, of one who, though a free-man, submits to any kind of ser- vice voluntarily, but not without an interested motive ; and this notion prevails in many passages, principally in the poets, by whom this word was always confounded A-ith ^oîiXoç : l)(0« a ciir' tyw TruXaiay ciof-idriiiv tf-iwi- Xdrpir. Eur. Iph. A. 868. (jLoda^, aKoç, and p.ôGojt', uioç (6), a Lacedaemonian word ; a slave brought up in his master's house; verna, according to ^lian : ' Ovo^a ce i]v upa ruvro rulç rûiv et/Tropwr iraicûti' covXuiç, ovç avvtiaiizffiiToy nvroiç ol irarfpiç aviayiottov^i- rovç iv Tiûç yvfiiatriuic. yElian. V. II. xii. 43. [Mùller thinks they were brought up as l\\c\x foster-brothers,'\ Fig. in Aristophanes, impudent rascal, good-for-nothing fellow : AuipiMiy(iq(;' wc //ô9u>r tl, K(ù , /'/), sometimes by ellipse of coî/Xnç, slave born in the house of his master, verna :''iliTirtp o2^r vi'EXXt]- riç rij E,i;arri Ka't rtj Ttytirtj Kvra 'Piofiului duovaiy VKtp Twy o'li^oytywr. Plut. Qucest. Rom. 277, b. oiKOTpiij/, iftoç (tl, >/), in Attic writers, slave born and brought up in the house of his master [_verna]; NOr c\ w liiCptç AOijyalot, éHôpovç àyOptuiruvç oï>:orpipwy oi\"orp(/jf((; Tifxiiy waKip «Woi; rov noy ioiitÈ)y Xapj^droym, TTOit'inde TToXiraç. Dem. de Syntax. 173, 1(>. TTaîç, -Knth'iç (!>, tj), slave, without distinction of age, not- withstanding the j)rimary meaning of the word, from which it takes the notion of mural inferiority only, or of contempt, 190, 191. 185 frequently attached to it, man-servant, valet, French, garçon : (189) Ti) ovv ToaovTO) i]TTOv Tov Trniêoç cvvnadai ttoie'iv ttwç ijaKX]- {.livov coKii (TOI àv^pùç drai ; Xen. Mem. iii. 12, 6. uin)p€TTiç, ov (o), fr. viro and îpérrjç, prop, rower ; servant generally ; agent, creature, subaltern officer in war ; Lat. minister : "F.7rei-i\p£ èe Kai VTCTjpÉTaç cvo Èttl to aro^a rîjç «yutciç. Xen. Cyr. ii. 4, 3. 190. SpeTrdvt], ïjç (?'/) (^pÉffw), scythe : ''EvQa ë' ïpiBoi i]jnov èKsiciç ënt- 190 'H'âvaç tv \ip(jtv Ix"'^''*?' J^- '^^'i'i. 551. Spc'irai'o»', ov (rô), less ancient form, and more common in prose ; Xenophon uses it for the scythes with which the war chariots were armed in the East : ApE-rud rt (ricrjpâ ~epl To'iç àioiTi Trpoa)']pf.io(TTai. Xen. Cyr. vi. 2, l"- apTTt], i]ç (//), sickle, scythe, in Hesiod : 'AAV aoTraç re j(^i.tpaiTaéi.ieycii kuI Cfiwaç eyeipuv. Hesiod. Oper. 571. j^aYKXoK, ov {to), scythe, in the Sicilian tongue : To cpé- Traroy ol ^iKeXol ^c'lyicXoy KciXovai. Thuc. vi. 4. ^dy^Xî), Tjç (//), another form of the ahove in Nicander, a poet of Alexandria : 'Ytto i^ayicXrjdi irepiftpldovaay OTrwpr]^ keipoyTEç. Nie. Al. 180. 191. Sukajxic, £wc ()/), Homer uses it for bodily strength only: 191 riap' cv\ujj.iy. II. xiii. 787. Afterwards it was used fig., physical and moral power, ability, talent, weight, and influence of every kind ; in the singular and the plural, military force, army ; in this meaning, we use the plural word, forces : T»/v olKsinv cvya/Jiy £)(or-f ç, oXiyoi irpoç iroXXàç fjvpuiêaç. Isocr. Paneg. 24. aKKf\, ijç (»;), poet, defensive, strength, valour (i.e. strength and courage) necessary for self-defence, and for repelling an attack \_èç àXK>)y TpÉiveoQai. Th. 2, 84. Cf. 91]; by ext., succour, defence : 'Eàr yàp û/L/fîç, w t,iroi, OéXrjré j^wv à\^•^/^ ivoitla^uL. Soph. Œd. Col- 460. pia, nç (»/), seems to come from /3/oç, and signifies prop. vital strength : Ovlé 01 7]v 'ic, ovEè fiir}. Od. xviii, 3. More particularly strength in action, the using of strength ; R 3 18G 191. (191) hence, violence: "Oç o'l ypî]iinTa iroWa ti\E fth]. Od. x\. •2.3(>. cwepyeia, nç (//), fr. tytpyôç, action, operation, ifficacious action, active strength, effect, energy. The words fùvufxiç and iripyiia are opp. to each other in the following pas- sage of Aristotle : Kat -u (fiûiç irou'i rà cvrûfiet vira XP*^" /Jtara iytpytiif ^nûfiara. Aristot. H. Anim. iii. 5. cùpworîa, aç (//), vigour, strength ; robur, prop, and fig. : ^AvC^itiui' Kill vt'i]aiy, rijy fiti' alvrr^rn rira, r»)»' C tvptj- ariay \pv^f)ç TiOifitioi. Plut. Cat. Min. 44. ÏÇ, iVoç (//), prop, muscle, fibre ; hence, in poetry, mus- cular strength, vigour of the nerves : 'Ii'' àiréXtOpoy t\oyraç. II. V. 245. Icrxu's, voç [f]), is found first in the Homeric hymns and Hesiod, and seems to signify strength to hold, retain, or stop (/(Txw) : 'Iff^vç T i}ck j^ir). Hc'siod. Theog. 146. The two words are compared in meaning in the Protagoras of Plato: Ob yap rnvror th-at (0i;^i) cvycif^iiy re Kai Irr-^^vy' nWd T() f^îy, K'ot (fiîà iiriaT)ijÀr)ç yîyytadcii ri^y CvrufjLiy, »:a« «TTo /.layiuç ye tcnl cnro Ovfiov' ict^ki' ce ùtto (pvaewç Kat evrpoipiaç rùjy (Tw/Licirwr. Plat. Proiag. .'^ûl. Ammoniiis, who quotes this passage, seems to have lost sight of the fact, that the philosopher puts this definition into the mouth of a sophist, whose reasonings he is ridiculing. KapTcpia, nç (»/), fr. Kdorepôç, strength to bear, firmness, fortitude, prop, and fig., ace. to the definition of Plato : K((()7£()ia vTTOfiO})! \vm)ç eyeKa tov kciXhv' virofioyii irôyiav ëytKa riiï) kuXov. Plat. Defin. .507- Kpaxos, eoç {tu), and Epic KcipToç, strength, considered with regard to the use of it, to its elllcts, and its success ; hence tlie strength that masters, the power, swag, obtained bg strength, prop, and fig. : Tùr AvKoopyoç 'nre^yt ^o\w, ovTi Kpt'tri'i ye. II. vii. 142. [Kara dporoç, with might and main, rigorouslg, &c. ; e. g. i^evyeiy, tXctûrétr.] k(kvs, VOÇ (»/), fr. Ki'tai. rare, signifies more particiilnrly slren^tU to move: 'A\X' où yno oî tr' fjv \ç tpnefoc, ovli ri eiift'C, oï»; Trfp Trâpoç IdKiv i»'i yvafitrroiai fiiXtaau Od. xi. 3"J'2. y.ivo^. 10Ç (to), vital force : Kai pkv rùr vniXvai pivoç Kai ipai^tpa ^vTd. Jl. vi. 27. [AUo in Plat, and Xen.] 192. 187 ^wfiY], jjç (//), fr. pû}vrvf.u, physical strength, robur, in (191) general, and often fig. ; strength of soul or mind, in oppo- sition to l(r\vç. 'H fjièr rov aù^aroç la'^çyç yqpâaKEi, y êè rTiç ^v\rjç fJiiif-iT] àyfiparôç èffriy. Xen. Ages. 11, 14. crSeVoç, £oç (ro), fr. ïrrrrjiui, ace. to some grammarians, strength in action, effort ; hence, fig., moral strength, active or passive, ^/■m«es5, constancy: 'AW vv6' wç cvrarai aQéroç "EKTopnç "KjyEw. /Z. ix. 351. [Also in Att. prose; e.g. 192. 8ûo or Sûw, two: Ylapoj^rj^er ^f TrXéioy rii^ twv hvo jioi- 102 paw»'. //. X. 252. Soioi, ai, plural and dual, two, the two: Aotw 5' oil Svrafiai lêÉeiv KoafiijToot Xaàiv. II. iii. 23(j. Sio-ffoi, «(', two, in prose and verse, as bini, gemini, in Latin: Aiaain yepovroc Olclirov reaiiai. Eur. Phœn. 1259. 8i8u)xoi, two, or twins in speaking of two brothers : Ot ^' ap' 'iaur cicvjAoi. II. xxiii. 641. Ace. to a distinction more subtle than true, Aristarchus and Apollonius would have cilvfjiot used in Homer of twins joined together natu- rally, as the fabulous sons of Actor. SiS^fj-doves, wr (ol), with or without nàîSiç in Homer, twin children: 'H c' VTroKvaactfi'ivq SiSvfiaovs ytivaro TraXëe. 11. vi. 26. âp.4)w, both, used with words in the dual : 'AXKa Trideaff' iiuéu) ce lewrépu) iaroi' êfit'io. IL i. 259. dp.<{>ÔT€poi, ai, both the one and the other, both ; found only in the dual and plural, and used of two persons occupied at the same moment with one and the same thing : "lie o'i y' ifOa Km h'da vÎkvv 6\iyr] ttl X'^P^l t^'^^OJ' àj-Kpôrepoi. Il, xvii. 395. \_Both, generally, oï things as well as of men.] cKdiTepos, pa, the one and the other, each ; uterque, in addition to its being used in the singular, it differs further from àjKfoTtpui, in being used only when speaking of two persons who are acting at the same time, but not together, or who are of different or opposite interests, as two factions in a state, two armies, &c. : TaD-ct li) noD'iaaç àiu'/), one that cannot be persuaded or made to obev, disobedient, undisciplined, speaking of slaves and soldiers, in Xenophon : Tovç ci inXiraç kui tovç t7r;rf7ç, ol coKovni KaKoKnyut)i(f. TrpoKe'^piadat rùiy TroXtrwy ÙTreidetTrâ- rovç thaï TTÛiTijjy. Xen. Mem. ïù. 5, ]9. [In T//. ii. 84, 3, of a ship ; unmanageable. "j It is also used with an active meaning, one who does not persuade. àvuTrf\Koos ((', >'/), not suliject, rebellious, disobedient (to) : 'A(pi\()T()'j)oy Kdi ùftuvfToy TÛr ù~()7t\tn ru yttoç, în'VTn'iKoov rov OtioriiTov rCjy Trctn' îif^ûf. Plat. Tim. 73, a. SôaapKTOS (ô, >'/), difficult to govern : Ovcèy yap àydpw-ov cvaapKTuzepoy tv irpHoaiiy coKoûrroç. Plut. Lucul. 2. 194. 194 Sûpoc, nv (rt'i), fr. êtdtoiji, that wliich is given, gift, pre- sent in general : Ovct yap rii ^ûiixi ÈttI tÇ tuv-ov ».o»>"w tf:ù)y ovèetç Xa^/3(n'£t. Xen. Cyr. i. (i, 21. Sop,a, nroç(rô), a verbal of more recent date, that which is given, gift, which Philo the Jew thus distinguishes from cwpuy : Ainr>;j)j'/tTfiç on fjipa ^oftâruy CKi^ipoven' rh f.ùv yitp iftipurjiy ^ityiOovr nXiltity ttyittiu>y ('tjXtivcriy, d rolç reXeiotç ynpil^trai ô Btiiç' rà c tiç fJpn-^vrriToy lerrnXrai, lôv f.iiTiyjw(ny ni ivipvûç affKrjrai o'i TrooKOTrroirtf. Philon. Jud. n. 172, 15. dirôSop.a, tiroç {jv), gift received, used only when speak- ing of tiie receiver, according to Philo : Ai), action of giving, donation : Kcii ô Ocfii- 194. 189 (ttokXîjç Èi^eh'ov te èdspâirevere \piifxciTW)' êôtxei, TJiuc. i. (194) 137. Supea, ôç (>/), liberal present or gratuity, honorary recom- pense, prize, implies more importance than eiopov : thus Isocrates uses it in speaking of the prizes at the public games : TloWà^iç tBuvj.iaaa tHjv rctç TraVTjyvpsiç (Tui'ayayôi'- rujy, tcai rovç yv/^ytKovç àyûii'ciç KaTuarriaài'Twy , on rciç juev Twr (Tu)f.i(iT(i)y evt^iaç ovrut fieyâXwv ^wpEwj^ j/stwffar. Isocr. Panegyr. 1. Sup-q^a, aroç (rô), thing given : 'Eyùi yàp i% ov x^'pt tovt' tSi^âfiijv 'irap'"EiCT(>poç Swprifj.a .... Sopk. Àj. G62. 8wpo8()KY]fxa, aroç {to), act of venality, corruption, the acceptance of a bribe : AojpoèÔKrifia èè tmv àèli^ujy Tovrtav àrdpûiKwi' /cat dto'iç tj^ôpwj' roiovroy iytrero, Dem. de Cor, 10. ScopoSoKia, ar (Ji), action of corrupting, or of submitting to be corrupted by presents (i.e. bribes), venality, corruption: 'Etti cuopocoKia )(p?//ja7-a cicovç. Dem. in Steph. 1137, 3. Sols, for êôffiç, in Hesiod ; hence the Latin dos ; Aùiç àyaOf], tipiraï, ti KttKt], davàroio dôntpa. Hesiod. Oper. 354. 8ù)Tiv») (ï), r/ç (>)), Ionic, gift: Eî n irôpoiç ^eivri'iov t)t Kai àXXojç Soir]ç ëwTÎvijv. Od. ix. 268. yipas, aoç (rd), prize, honorary recompense with a view to distinction, as the double share of booty reserved for the Greek chieftains in the Iliad : Aùrào èfioi yépaç nvrl^' èroi-^ n6.(7aT. II. i. 118. eSvov, 01» (to), always in the plural, marriage presents, or dowry, \vbicli the betrothed husband made to his betrothed wife, or her father: Tijv TTore tirjXtvç yrjfiiv ibv ëià KàXXoç iirù Trope fivpia tSva. Gd. xi. 282. ^(ivtlov, ov (to), witli ellipse of Cwpov, gift of hospitality : Ot et Kai àXXi'iXoiai TTopov ^eivtj'ia KaXa. II. vi. 218. vpetT^rfiov, ov (to), fr. Trpta^vç, honorary gift or recompense : Tlpwrf-j TOI fier kfii Trpi(s(iifiov iv x^pj Qrjcroj. II. viii. 289. irpotl, iKÔç (//) [Att. TrpoîÇ], that which a man gives freely away of his own, gratuity, largess, in Homer; 'ApyaXiop yàp 'iva irpoïKcç XnpiaaaQai. Od. xiii. 15. [In post-Homeric writers, marriage portion, dowry. '\ ^f-pvf], îjç (?/), fr. (pépu), the woman's dowry, and in the poets in the plural, in general, presents : Ad^vaOt cpepvac 190 195. {104) TUfTCe, TTOÎCEC, £Ç \(pur, Kai Tij rvpûytu) /laKaplif vv^ri fore (pépayreç. Eur. Med. 95G. fin prose, Ildt.^ E. 195. 195 £YKojp.iof, ov (ro) (È»' Kdifitj), elogy. originally a composi- tion in verse in honour of a man, in which respect it dif- fered from vfii'oç : "flur' tic k^avriv kui tov v'lov tovtovi Ik tUTV^iciKTiy ùff-éox' fiovytcwfiioy, Aristoph. Nub. 1205. Later, 1. public and solemn eulogy spoken or written, set speech in prose, laudatory discourse, pancffi/ric : ^oipierrov êé Tivoç fitWorroç àyuyii'Wfft^tiv kyKUj-iiov WpaKkîovç' Ti'ç y'a\> avTÔr, t'^i;, \liyei : Plut. Apophth. Lac. ii. 217, d. 2. Subject or matter of praise : Ka< roi -pin èr it:tiri) rfj iijjLtpa wcKTiy ditipwTroiç ic£(s««' èyiciopta 0/;/3aioi icaO' vfjwy ~U kû-Wtora. Dem. de Cor. ()3. aîfos, ov (ô), praise, in the poets [and Hdt.~\ : Ov /jér roi ftéXeoç etpi'iirerai atroç. 11. xxiii. 795. iTTaifos, ov {(')), more used in prose than the simple form, praise, in general, but with reference to particular facts: nXtiarujy fiey ovy àyaOûy alriovç Kai peyiaruy tTruiywy à^iovr iiyovfiui ytyn fiaOiu rovç toJç auifjdaiy vTrep rj/C 'EWc'icoij Trpoiciyivytvauy-nç. Isocr. Paneg. 22. aïf€CTiç, tu)ç (II), action of praising, praise, in the O. and N. T. ; Ai' avToi) ovy dya(})ipuipey Ovaiay alyitriwç Ciniratroç rJ Ofw. Hebr. xiii. 15. cùXoyîa, aç (//), 1. EULOGY : K(ù ri/y tvXoyiay uf.ta, k7e (''/)) conduct, mode of life in the N. T. : 2i) le Trapr]i^o\ovdqi^àç fxov tij Cica<7if\, rjç (ti), life, conduct; mores, in the N. T. : Aeiti'iTix) tK tTjc KaXijç ûiaorpoçijjç rh tpyo. aiiTov iv —pr}. Xen. Mem. i. 2, 4. cTTirriSeufia, aroç (to), institution, national custom : Tfjç re llipaicoç y\ûiaar\Q ûaa ijcvraro kuret otjat, »:ai rwv iiriTq- civjj.àTu)v -fiç y^uipaç. Thuc. i. 138. XTJ^a, aroç (rô), will, desire, in Herodotus and the poets after Homer, among whom it is generally used for the principle of all the various sentiments which the poet wishes to call into play ; hence it has been generally rendered by animus, In-art ; it seems to approach the notion of the natural character or disposition in the following passage of Euripides: "Hciora Toi/fiav X^/x' l^v TvpavviKov. Eur. Med. 348. 4pY*i' 'Ic ('/)< '" Pindar and Theognis, inclination, instinct: riyviii- (tKwv ôoyi)v, ï/v Ttv' 'igaffroç txn. Theogn. 312. pvOp.(>s, oi; (ô\ disposition, wa;/, humour: M^ iror' iiraiyîjtTj/ç jrpii» ûv t't'j/c âfCua /), habit, with reference to the whole of a man's actions, and the result, to physical acts, and the rule of life : 11 yap avri]Qtia rov tpyov iraptlei avro'iç ~\ioy rt eltiyai. Xen. Cyneg. 12, 4. Tpoiros, ov (o), fr. TptTrut, expresses the notion of change in actions or things, and their present relative state, conscqueiit upon the change. It is the modification of the usual state, the turn which it takes under such and such circumstances; hence, fig., mode, manner of being or conducting oneself, character {and conduct): ^Kovti ci utrai niTajyoXai ycyûiaair ùç tiHor (ii'^otei» Ka'i jjioy' ij Kn\ rpviroç wt ofxâaih) to fiira- {"inWuv uvToî) Ka\ iiHoç, ùç rrXe'iirrof «ûroD eycvtrai to iOoç, no» kpaTi't fiuXtoTn knOairrofttyor, Plut, de sera \um. find. 6. 'Oaui tTtn/titoi TTpoc Tify rj;c (JtvXaKtiç (jiiiaiy iiy tlty iiXiKtac 197. 193 TE tac ^^adrfpuirn)!' crt â^CL irai rpcrw» ijdtai coi iÔEfft. Plat, (19C} Zfco- xii. 9àS. c. We applv the "word trope in rhetoric to dinereni ngures of speech, in which the words are used out of tbeir proper meaning in a metaphorical sense ; e. g. the fifi-ures catachresis. melonyniT, euphemism, are tropes. ♦«"i- 'TS v'v)' iia.tv.ral constitution : ^vf i' icairroç {uifipofur,^i.o7àv ^wns. £i*ï (jj), m-ature, natural constitution : "Ofjmor yif» rt TO c6oç T^ ©W€c" lyywc yoï. Rkti- L 11. ^(opcurr^, ^ôoç (c), fr. ■^^apatrc-w, mark irac^d oui, sign, CHARACTES, as we ose the •nrord, and most commonly fig. : H ri»' TOoriir àaEn| tjjXucovtov eixC'O^uaç ^«patrijpa Tcic : pyeitç cTTtpaXer. Is&er. ad Dem. 4. In the Sept., ■eustons: Kal Tffç à.f)\ffç cf>aTr]traç, sirdit^ xpoç Tor EXXjj» trà»' \apa- CT^M 7KIVÇ cficxjivXovç fiEràvT^ut. Maeh. ii. 4, 10. l'here are no instances of \a.aax7-kp being used fig., as our -word, for moral character. 197. ô9e. poetic olôe. adverh, from ei or ai, si, and Qe, particle 197 of motion from one place to another; hence used to express desire, if, if it fndgM or could he, tro%l-d thai : A'l&e Bio'm (w\£>C r<>vcot^€ yitXKTTO »tTxrov ip.oi, ~a\a i:ir £ cvnç cat ■■ vvtç Ef'ûiTat. IL XSÎL 41. û4>€Xo>', second aoTÎst of tie vero oa>Ei.\it>. I otre ; it is used in construction -sdth »ç, retaining its personal forms : Û Ç ta»a>£Ao»- Èy*È), ia>£À££ e-i), ^ouXei- icElroç, the particle â>' -ring understood, and signifies literally, how I ought, how :.:?:: :•.: ablest! ^ u>Qv2dj.hat I, would thai ^u 1 &c. The _-Tir„r: i:i3ns, in comparing these two words, make no dif- ierence Detween them but that of the grammatical eonstruc- tici. : i: "ouid sc-enx, however, that there is a difference of :. _ fsides. EiÔe seems to express a simple wish, a i__ . . 1 z,. entertained by one who wishes for that which has never yet existed, and never can exist. The verb Ô9>£<.X«, on the contrary, supposes the possibility of the thing, and jives greater strength and energy to the wish expressed by it. Jt is the earnest aspiration of one who, in reviewing tbe past, gives his hearers to understand, that what has taken place, either ought not to have been at all, ox to have s 194 198. 1 97) been differently. Thus Helen, accusing herself of the miseries she had occasioned, says : "iîc fJ^' 6(pi\' yuan re ore fit TrpûjTOV TiKt. ^tiTrjp, m-^^^iadai Tpcxpipovaa Kaki) àté^ow di/tWa etc opor. IL vi. 345. Homer unites the two words in one line : Aid' ocpcXeç vupa yijvair àctupuroc ivoi àirîi^utv, ijcrHcti. II. i. 415. [It is not, of course, meant that pre- sent possihiliti/ is conveyed. Cf. Xen. An. ii. 1, 4: 'A\X' w], OVÇ (»';), Attic and poet, form of the above [only in gen. sinjj., and ace. sinR. and pi.]: ©fjpôf ix^^'^'rov SiiKovç iÎkù ^ipoi'Ta TToXf^taç tTT* àcfTrièoç. JEsch. Sept. 537. eiKacr(xa, aroç (rô), likeness, image: 'Ex9pbv I'lKatTfia /Sporoîç rt Kai caiutj^idiTi Biotai. JEsch. Sept. 50'2. clKOvKrixa, aroç (to), synonyme of the preceding, likeness, portrait, in the Amliology : Tovr' tyd) to Trtoiaauv tÎKÔi'tafia rov KwfiifiSoyi- Xuiroi; trrrna'. /4nthol. Pal. FliaUec. xiii. 0, âyaXfxa, aroç (rô), fr. àyciXXw, at first a work of art of great value, from the material used and the execution of it, or perhaps also from the perfection that was aimed at in it, in order to make it worthy of being offered to the gods ; hence it was used generally of things consecrated in temples. Later, statue, but of gods and demi-gods only, and as an ideal representation, such as the Minerva of Phidias at Atl\ens : ^^»/^^ yap n) v^ioioTaroy uvToy I'lyni rolç i!£(.\»/i o7ç TovTDiç Tolç iv ~oîç tp^toyXvtfttioiç Kiidt)^ttyoiç oï f'xn ( i(H-^6iyTiç ^ao'orrot tyCaOty ùyâXftnTa t^oJTfç dtûjy. Plat. Cuint. 215, b. It is used for the statue of a man in debased (J reck. 199. 195 àcSpiaç, ârroc (ô), fr. àvi'ip, statne of a man only, and (198) ■without restriction to any particular kind of material : E'i TiQ àvhpiâvTaç ipyoXafioirj jur) /if^aÔTjicàtç àï'èpiarroTrouly. Xen. Mem. iii. 1, 12. Ppe'ras (jo), fr. ftpôroç, representation or statue of a god under the figure of a man, in the tragedians and Aristo- phanes: WoTipa^riT iyù)-K0TLiri(7U) fipirrilaiyioviiJV', JEschyl. Sept. 94. [In late prose, Straho.'\ eïSwXo»', 01/ (rô), 1. figure, resemblance, signifies, in general, a simple appearance made to deceive : Twcukoc ticu)\ov ■)(j>v(T(.ov Tpiiriixv tv AtX^ot riiç dproKOirov rfjc Kpot- (Tov elicûra XÉyovcrii- uiai, Herodot. i. 51. 2. idol, figure representing the false gods of the heathens, in the O. and N. T.: O'lCaiJtr on ovcèv e'icwXoi' iy Koa^o), (cai otl ov^eig Qtoç erepoc d jui) eiç. 1 Cor. viii. 4. ^oai'oi', ov (jo), fr. ^£w, a figure carved in vpood ; the first word in use to denote a statue, which was afterwards ap- plied to statues of all kinds of material, and to works of art : Kai TO L,(')arov eoiKev ùç Kv-jrapiaaivov yjpvtTM orri, tw iv 'E^eVw. Xen. An. v. 3, 12. 199. ' eimi, to be, to exist, in a widely-extended sense ; used of 199 things already in existence ; yfiy/veo^ai, and, in and after Aristotle, yinaQai, from yû'w, to be born, to become ; hence to be. According to the gram- marians, it is used of things which are not yet in existence, but which may or ought to be so, thus : 'O ircûç iarai aij'/p. Teiî](Ti.Tai TO apifTTot'. It is also used, according to Eus- tathius (1724, 41), of certain objects, the production of which is instantaneous, as wind, rain, daylight, &c. ; and of others in this respect that are analogous to them, as a cry, an assembly, &c. ; and, lastly, fig. of sentiments and affec- tions, as thought, fear, &c. And this use belongs principally to certain tenses, as the perfects, yiyoa, and Epic, ytyaa, and the second aorist, èyerô^rjy, yti iaUai, to be born ; hence to be, since birth : Nfwrfoot o'iirep i^xiio iirXoTtpoi yeyâaaL ■KtxoiQaaiv te flirjcpir. II. iv. 32-3. Ace. to the grammarians, ylyiEtrdai was synonymous with elyai in Ionic writers; however, it is impossible not to recognize, in the first of these verbs, the ever present notion of birth, production, s 2 196 200. (199) especially in Homer, a notion which is still foiuul in writers of a more modern date, although the two verbs luive often been confounded. Kvpciv [and Kvptiv. See Lex."], synonyme of rvy\âvny, the Fr. se tronvrr, to chance to he, to be at some particular time : Biu^np KaQriadai T({i no32. TUYx'/rr;ç aipîtrai' tv fiiy yitp rtj, u't irnl^tç tovç iruripaç dûirrovat.' ty êè ry, ol Trnrîpeç Toiiç -rralcaç. Hcrodot. i, 87. dcoxiî, »7c ('/), fr. (iit'xd), suspension of arms, truce: Tin c tir ftùXXoy Tr()\tf.ii<)i TTiarivanuy j; ùroj^àc >*/ aTToycàç ?} «ri/i (Ji/kHf TTtpl £*p»'/r»;ç ; \en. j\fem. iv. 4, 17. dmKuxiî, >/ç (»'/), a form to which many grammarians, with reason, prefer à )OKwx»;. It is found only in Thucydides : 201. 197 Kootvdiotç /léi' ye 'ivairovCoi iavE, KepKvpaloiç êè ovêè ^t' (200) ài'((Ku)-)(^fjç TrwTTo-' iyéreade (never had so much as a truce). T/iuc. i. 40. It is one of the words which Dionysius of Halicarnassus criticizes (ad Amm. de Thuc), and considers obsolete and unintelligible. SioKwxT), VÇ (»/), interruption, cessation ; hence truce, in speaking of an epidemic : 'H rôcroç rù èevrepov è-n-iTTEaa rolç 'Aâ/ji'Mioiç, iicXi/i-ovffa jjièv ovêîpa ^pôroj' to ■7rarTc'iiTa(Tiv, èyé- vtTo ?é Tiç ofiujç èioK(i)-)(7]' Thuc. iii. 87- {_Truce in Dio Cass.l èKe\eipla, oç (J]), armistice : Toi) 3' uvtov Qipovç kv ^iKeXiq. Ha/uLapivaioLç /cai TeXwoiç eKe')(_eipia yiyyarai TrpiÔTuv Tvpoç aK\l]\ovç. Thuc. iv. 58. opKiov, ov {tô), fr. ooKoç, victim over which oaths ivere taken ; hence the Epic phr.Tse, opKia riftviiv, to sacrifice the victims, which, even in its proper sense, as tlie Latin fœdiis icere, is equivalent, in Homeric language, to to swear, or make a truce, an agreement : ^tXoTijTa Kal ojjKia TTtora rafiovTic. II. iii. 25G. cn:ov%4\, îjç (>/), fr. (nréihu), prop, libation; hence, by ext., agreement, treaty, because it was during libations, made in honour of the gods, that the oath was taken on each side to cease from hostilities. Of these ceremonies no trace is found out of the Homeric writings : S;ror^cu' t aKorfroi Kal C£L,iai, ^ç krri-n-iB^ev. II. iii. 159. In the historians, fig., truce, treaty, -peace^ [in pK]: T[apa(iâvToç tclq airovlaqjoadi- Xitoç Kui Ti(7ffa(pépvovç. Xen. Anah, iv. 1, 1. auvôrJKT], jyç (»';), convention, treaty, compact of alliance : OvK olffda, 'kr], on Kul vîiv b aoç irarijo ixpevactTO Kai ovk ÉsijytiTrtCou roc ttooc yj/iâç (rvpdijicaç ; Xen. Cyr. iii. 1, 12. 201. eKaoTTOç, each one separately, is used of each individual 201 of many, or of a great number of individuals, occupied with one thing only: KiXivuv kXîjcïjv ùç àyopi]v Kt^Xii/rKeir àvcpa îicaaTor. II. ix. 11. iras, TTÔrra, ail, in the distributive sense, used of indi- ^ [Andoc. (24, fin.) restricts the meaning of aTcovlai too much: ilpi]V7]V fi'iv yap ti, I(7ou TTOiovvrai Trpôç àXXrjXovç ôfioXoyljcravTiç irepi ù)v àv ^lai^'ipuivrai' aivovdàç Ss, orav KpaTtjcrwfft. Kara tôv TTÔXifiov, ol Kptirrovç roXç i]TTO(nv t^ iiriTaypâTwv Troioîivrai.] S 3 198 202. (201) vifhials of the same species, as the French use tout, tout homme est sujet à la mort, where the Greeks would say nàç âiU.tiûnoç, and not tuaaroc, which word only indicates a particuhirity of the individual ; whereas n-ât indicates that which is particular to the individual in common to the species in general. Thus it is found in the Iliad, in speak- ing of a swarm of wasps : Tovç c' ('iwcp irapn riç re »:(w»' àiHi}ioTroç ôliTrfç tciijffnj àtKoir^0 c' nXciuoi' ^rop t^o»'7£r, TTpôaffu) irâç ntTiTai K(ù à^'uiEi o'lai Tti^fffat, II. xvi. 264. éKciTcpos, ipn, each one of two, the one or the other, in speaking of two persons, of two towns, &c. : Où ^»/i' ovcè Twv irpu Tov TToXffiov rovTov yiyifr]/.iétu)i', «:aî cvi-affTevtrai'- Th)y il' tt^arîptf ru'ir -iroXioiy, Cti^niot' à[.iit}fioi even-. Isocr. Paner/. 22. 202. 202 ^kêî, adverb, there, in speaking of a place at a distance, or apart from tliat where one liappens to he, illic : 'Ez-tî c £«I iyii oy-o, iroXv iTrXioriKrti o JliXowièaç frnnà rùi ïlipat), Xen. Hellen. vii. 1, 34. It is plain, from this instance, that the grammarians are wrong in thinking that the use of this adverb necessarily implies motion. [It is found with verbs of motion on the same principle that £>• with the dat. is often employed instead of ilç with ace. (Gr. 1433; Jclf, §G-JÔ)]. iKilQcv, thence, from that place, speaking of a foreign country, or one we have left : No^oiai nnc ikt'iHtr i\Ltjipi- afiiiovr daftly. Eur. Heracl. 41. ^KcîOi, there, in that place, illic : Tov lih'oi' cvaTi}rov ây' £ç TrôXir, C'p' a.v tKtiQi ia't-n tvtoi-^^ivi]. Od. xvii. 10. [^Hdt. 1,1«2.] aviToOi, there, in that very same place: 'H\vOi<; te TroXi/iou! wç ûi(;>t\fç (tvrôQ' ô\kaOai\ II. iii. \2ii. aÙTOû, on the very spot ; there or here : Etiré fjot, tipr], to \\i>ftiri(, -iroripa (ittvXti ovroû fiirtor rip \t[.iiô t:ai rij ci^r] f^ii't\tf7(hti; Xen. Ci/r. iii. 1, 3. Scûpo, hither, here, of the place wliere the speaker is; witli and without motion in prose and poetry: AfOp' 'lOi, yvfitjxt tpiXij. II. iii. 130. [\Vitli verbs of rest there is a previous motion implied. See remark on £«7.] ScCtc, which, ace. to Buttmann, is the contraction of ^£Up' iir£, is only used in speaking to several persons [as a horta- 203. 199 toril particle] : Atûr' àyeT, 'Apyiir]v'E\irr]v koï Krijfiad' aj.i (202) ahrf] Cù)()jxtv 'Arpeinjaiv âytiy. II. vii. 350. ivQa, there, where, is most frequently the correlative of 'irda or iiravHct, expressed or understood : 'Exticàv H KaraarHifisi' elç tov hpôfxov, erOa irtpi-iraTov^EP, Xen. Cyr. ii. 3, 15. €>'0â8e, here, hither, in this same place, or to this same place ; that is, with or without motion, in prose and poetry : "Le ci T liQcide yÙTnç tCoirai. II. xvi. 83(). Tov h' avrov \vKâ[:)ciy-oç îkevffeTCti èrdâc 'Ocvaatvç. Od.x\v. 161. "ErOa and èiOdce are also adverbs of time, and are used for rare, then. èrraûôa, there, here, hue, with and without motion : MéWovai yc'ip cr' èrravda ■Kif.i\^(.iv, krda /.t//7ro9' 7]\iov (péyyoç Trpono-^zi. Soph. Electr. 381. . [Also of time, = then, but only with ref. to a state of thinc/s then existing. Cf. Th. i. 1 1, ovc' ifravda, ne turn quidem.'] IvTauGi, liere, in the Atlic poets: 'H fii)v vjitic y' îti p.' ivravQi HtTaTrip\petT9ov. ^ristoph. Plut. 608. èvTOViôoî, there, here, in this place, without motion, istic : 'EvtovBoT vvv rjoo Kvvaç re cvaç t' awtpvicwv. Od. xviii. 104. [Liddell and Scott, even iti their last éd., follow Elmsley and Dindoiff, in banishing this word from Attic prose. Stallbaum's note on Pliileb. 15, a, should have settled this point: cf. Kiihner, Xen. Mem. iv. 2, 13. It occurs without variation three limes in PL Apol. Soc. ; also Dem. Lept. 106. It properly zz hue, but is used with ■napûvai.'l 203. iK(x>v, oîiaa, ace. to some, from t'kw, to yield ; ace. to 203 others, from //(cn, perfect of 'itj/ui, one who acts of his own good will, or with intention, one who acts voluntarily: "Oanç eV ijfjiaTi TÔ)lt tKwv fjitdirjai /.la^eerdai. II. xiii. 234. cKouCTioç, ia (kK(i)v), voluntary, in opp. to pîaioç, forced, compulsory, and to f'lKovaioc, involuntary ; used principally of actions : Bta/ouc V ktcovaiaç irpaUiç. Plat. Pol. x. 903, c. Atyw ff iKovcrwr, o ac tic twv i'/), one who does a thing with a good will [of his own free will : ovk àvàyicri ùXX' idtXovawi. Xen. Cyr. iv. 2, 6] : 'Eyti) aoi, w Kvf>£, iStXovaioç {xpiara^ui. Xen. Cyr. vi. .3, 12. [Also of things that one does of one's own free will : e. g. ro ipifv. Cyr. v. 1, 10.] èOcXoupyôs («, >'/), in the Fathers, one who acts from his own will : AvTOKfXtva-oç kui iOiXovpyàç axovci], Phil. Jud. ii. 220, 38. aù6aîp£Tos (Ô, »'/), fr. aipiofxai, prop, what a man chooses, or may choose himself ; taken or chosen freely : "Ewç t-i avdnlptroc à^i^orf'paiç >'/ £v//3ouXm. Thuc. i. 78. Oarà-u» avdaiptTu) ÙTToByiiTKei {by a voluntary death). Xen. Hellen. vi. 2, 3G. Sometimes speaking of persons, self-chosen, self- elected : Avt)(iiperoi arpciTrjyoi. Xen. An. V. 7, 17- ovTijpovXoç fô, J/), one who is his own counsellor, who consults nobody but himselj : 'AXX' avrôl^ovXoç laO', aTrivvinui c' iyil). yEsch. Theb. 1060. auTOKAeuoTos (ô, >/) {KtXiviti), that which receives no im- pulse or command but its own : A'vroKéXevtjToç ôpfii], Greg, de Horn. aÙTOKinrjTOS (ô, >'/), fr. Kirtw, self-moved : 'AiriketTai .... ùtr uKiniToç ii îavTf]ç npoç avroKt}i]ruy. Plut, de Prim. frigid. 17. aÙTÔfxaTOs, t; (/ia'oyuat), //<«/ which moves or acts of its own movement, or spontaneously : KapTrô)- c' t/), slave freed by his master : AoûXij /lèv tàv av^^iii] covXii) i/ è\tv6tp(f> j; àncXevOiptf), itctyrtoç tov ciffirÔTov ïcTTut rîjç CovXi]ç to yeyyiofieioi'. Plat. Legg. xi. 930, d. ^ÇeXeûOepoç (o, »'/), one who has been sf/ /rcr, after having been reduced to slavery for debts, or for any other cause, ace. to the grammarians and Eustathius i^ad Odyss. 1751, 2) ; ace. to Hcsychius, the son of a freed slave. The dif- ference which existed in ancient Greek between these two words ceased to be recognized in process of time ; for the author of the compilation, preserved to us under the name of Ammonius, says that, in his time, the two words were 208, 209. 203 used indiscriminately in the same sense. Thus Dion Cas- (207) sius employs èu,t\£v6epoç for ÙTreXevdepoç : "Ira {jLi'ire KaKÛJç ùi^ovy] on HtXevdepoç avTOÎi y)pyvpo\6yr](Tei' àoTt icaJ iq rjjXt- KovTov àvaK{>>[ia. it,iKé(7dai. Dion. Cass, xxxiii. 38. d^aaiXcuTos (6, »/), not governed hy a king ; having no king : Bap/3apoi ^£ Xûoi'eç j^/Aioi àj3u(7iXiVTOL. Time. ii. 80. aÙTOKop.oç (('), ?/), one under the government of laws of his own making ; independent, speaking of a people, a state : 01 ce reXevraioL u'îêe ijicoi'Teg, icuï roùc"EAXr/i aç Trpoa- yopevovaiv avrovôfiovQ àfiéyai. Thuc. i. 140. 208. IXkoç, eoç (rô), fr. kXKvuj, rent of the flesh, wound of long 208 standing, whether from a weapon of any kind, or formed of itself, running-sore, ulcer; ulcus: "Odi fxiv Xinov eXkeï /doxOlCoira. II. ii. 723. oùXr^, fjç (?;), scar of an old wound : OùX»)i' -tjy irori jxiv (TVÇ i'lXcKTE XevKÙ ôcôi'Tt. Od. xix. 393. [Cf. Tpavfia.~\ irXirjyp, J/c (»?)> fr. irXrjcrtjw, action of striking, blow given or received from near, blow, in general ; mark, wound, or scar made by the blows, wound : AouXw ce TrXîjyat ku\ ô tov awfiaroc ak'tcrjuoc- Dem. de Cherson. 102, 20. "Ajia êè liTt^eiKvvaav tCjv vapdr]K0(p6p(ui' ràç TrXrjyhç Kcil Iv \ip(Tl KoX kv Tpu-^î]Xuiç. Xen. Cyr. ii. 3, 20. irXTJYfia, aTOç (rô), verbal from TrXrjcrcrw, blow struck : "OOev rà êtivà TrXiiynaT ijv yevdâêwv. Eur. Iph. T. 1366. Tpaû|xa, ciTOQ (rô), fr. rtrpuxr/cw, prop, hole ; hence wound, in general : "Afia êè ràç ovXàç tôjv TpavfAaroiv àiroyvuvov- fieroç ktrt^tiKvvev, Xen. Mem. iii. 4, 1. TV|X|j.a, aroq (té), fr. tÎiittw, poet.; 1. blow given or received: 'En ff£ xi>V orsponivav cpiXuiv rvfijia Tv/jfiari rlaai. jEsch. Ag. 1440. 2. Jf'ound or sore, which is tiie consequence of the blow, in later poets, and even that which has given the wound : "Offcrij^év îcrrt rô rvfxna, Kai àXtKov âvSpa èafidcfëti; Theocr. iv. 55. &T€i\r\, ijç (r/), fr. oùrow, poet., recent wound; vulnus : AvTÎKu è" tpptev a'ifia KeXaiie(jjèç il wTeiXijç. II. iv. 140. [In prose, Hippocr.; in Attic prose, Xen. An. i. 9, 6.] 209. eXirîç, icoç (>/), expectation, hope, but defined always [not 209 always'] by an epithet : Etc yf to irpodvixiav kuftaXûv arpa- 20-1 210. (209j riwraiç ovcév fioi êoicei iicavwrepoi' tirât 7) rù èvynadai èXvicaç àyaduç ffiTToiely àv6pû)Troiç. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 19. 'EXttic is also found in a bad sense in the best writers. èXirupi), j/c (>/), hope: 'EXTTwpf] toi tjrfira riXivrfiaai rûct tpya. Od.u. 2«0. irpoffSoKta, aç (>/), looking for, expectation : *\lv -oWauç ■KpoiJCoKiuç nyadûiv i^fiàXtot' \l>tvEt]7ai tiç, TiKevrùiy ovh' vTTOTiiy àXijdt'iç iXniêaç Xt'yi; ô roioûroç, ireidety Cvyarai. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 19. 210. 210 Ivavrlo^, ia {àyrioç), prop., face to face with another, op- posite to, set against: 'Ei'ujrt'ot ttiray \\^niû>y. II. xi. 214. Hence, fig., adversary, in general, and specially in war: 01 tyairioi, the enemy: Opùy v/j-Ûç Treiftupijfiiyovç rô izXfjdoc TÛiy fi'uiTtwr. Tliuc. ii. 89. àin-iiTaXos (ô, >/), adversary in wrestling, prop, and fig. ; hence enemy in war: 'AyrizaXoi f^iey yap ol ttXiîovç uxnrep ovToi ri] cvràfxei to ttXeoi' iriavyoL >/ rj; yywpy nrep^oyrai. T/iiic. ii. 89. Sr^'ioç, !^r]ÎT] (Sa'iix)), Ionic, prop, one who biirnx, fip. hot, incensed; hence, wiili or without àvifo, enemy : Kriiyac cifiov dycoa. Jl. \i. 481. 8uôc C£ roi^c îxtipovç àyâyèpuç 't\oyTeç. Isocr. Paneg. 41. TroX^fiios, /(I, enemy armed, enemy in war : Tùy pèy avp- Hnyj.oy KUTHipporovvTtç, Touç Ct iroXe^iovç OeiiUTrivoyreç. Isocr. Paneg. 41. [Also as adj., hostile (to): — propr. and impropr.] dmiTÔX£p,os and dmiroXcjiios (ô, >/), enemy in war, in the 211,212. 205 historians : Trwf.ir]v £\e rà rCJv àvTiToXijXdJv /.u; tTriKiyiaQai (210) Trpi'iyfiaTU. Herodot. vii. 236. "A hk \oyov fxakiara âs(a ») l^ttra Ttoy WBijraiwv ol L,{ji.if.in-^oi t.Kf)at,ai', j) Trpoç tovç 'A0»j- vaiovç ol àvTnro\éiJ.toi, Tovrwr idrrjaOiitrofxai. Time. iii. 90. 211. lv%ov, adverb, within, in the inside ; hence in the house =211 at home; said of whatever [is or] is going on in the place, without implying the motion of going in or out : "Eort yap 'ivhov "^aXnoç, te "^pvaoc te. II. X. 378. eicro), and poet, eaco, indicates the motion of going into or entering the place: Kat v/jftrff' j;yi7(Tar' 'A^aiaJv "IXjov tlirw. Il.i.Tl. The poets do not always observe this distinction ; and Ammonius reproaches Sophocles with having used iffw for 'ivêov : At r' ectoj artyr^ç, Trachin. 204. In Euripides: T^v r' tau) ypaîav ëônujv jurjrÉpa. Heracl. 584. [It is nsed with verbs of rest by the best prose writers: rà t'iffu) vtvo- (TijKÔTa awjxara [PL Rep. iii. 407, d) : tlam ti]v X^'^9'^ txovra zz with the hand kept within the folds of the chiton, i. e. not put furth to receive a bribe. Dem. 421. Both «ïcrw and tvToç sometimes = cilra: as intra often does, tlau) twv opsojv tlvai. Xen. ivroç toÏ) TroTafxov. Hdt. Th.^ ivTos, adverb, within, inwardly ; intus, intra ; sometimes with a case after it, and then it acts as a preposition, as in, within, in the inside of: Tei^^oç eitoç Iôpteç. 11. xii. 374. [Also itnpr., within such a time, such a degree of consan- guinity, &c. See end of the remark on t'lcrw.] evTO/) is used improperly in the sense of cele- brated, illustrious, in the Laconic apophthegms attributed to Plutarch : Ef /jd) Trparro/isj^ ^t' a ÈKE'iyoç ÙTràvriov àvdpu)nù)v T 20G 212. (212) tTricolvrepoç Kiti ivyitéimpoç f^u»'jj. Pseudo-Plut. Apophih. Lacon. 2. According to Phrynicus {Phryn- Lobeck. p. 132), iiriuiEuc was never used in this sense but by illiterate persons. [Its meaning is : expected with probability ; thought likely.^ eùSÔKifioç (o, //), prop, approved; hence esteemed, distin- guished : Vf)â/.iiJaTa TToXXct avttiKeynéfoy 5roi»/rwi' re k'cii aofiarwy Twy tvcoi:ifji(ûTÛTu>v. Xen- Mem. iv. 2, 1. eu8o|os (Ô, »'/), full of glory, famous : Kai d^ui îXevBîpai- kiù ivcoioTaTTji' TTuAt)' Ciu nay-ùç ref^i(i[.iidii. Thuc. i. 84. [Also of good repute, of a high character, generally: e.g. yeer. licit, vii. 99.] kXcivos. ''; (kX£i'w), in poets posterior to Homer; very rare in prose, famous, celebrated: AiiTÙç ùiS' iXrjXvOa 6 nàai kXhvùç OIcittovç ica- XovfJiivoç. Soph. Œd. R. 8. [»:Xtivo7ç Kai TraXaioîç àycpâcrii'. PI. So],li. 24:1, a.] kXcit^s, h ((cXét'w), publicly spoken of, famous, celebrated, distin- guished : 'A\X' ovni; £vvaTo Tpilxov irXitrùi> r' IniKovpwv Cûï,at .... IL iii. 4".l. kXvtoç, >), fr. (cXrw, what is heard spoken of, known, famous, very freijuent in Homer, in speaking both of men and things: "Of lîirùv ù /lèj' '/JXf' '""' fXurà (pvX' àyOpwirtjjv. II. xiv. .361. eÙKXcrjs (û, >'/), full of glory, famous, glorious: Tovç /laV <\yiiO()v'/), derivative of the preceding word, honorable, noble, epiilu'i 1)1 vv;irrii)rs, and of the heart, as the seat and source of courage, in the Iliad: 'AX\' cty', àînnvaov ^liyiXàov Kv^aXifioio. II. iv. 100. £mKûSr|9 {(), I/), having glorious success, flourishing : Wpoa- dî/ÀEyvç Tolç kripoiç, itriKv^éaTipn rà Trpi'iyfiura -ourwy tizoï- T/aty. Isocr. Paueg. 38. XajiTTpos, II, prop, clear, hence brilliant, splendid ; chrus, sjjeaking of things; sometimes illustrious, speaking of men : Ou yap \oyoiiTi Toy fyioy airovhi Comity Xufnrpvv irotilaOai ftCtXXiiy *i rtnr CpuifityoiC' Soph. Œd. Col, 1141. orofiaoTOs, )'/, rcnotcncd : K«t trupà iràaty àydpwiroiç ôro- fiuaTuTiirjjy. Isocr. Pancg. 4. 213,214. 207 iroXvaivos (ô, ■>)), much praised, or extolled, is ordinarily the epithet (212) of Ulysses in Homer: 'Q 'Ocvcriv TroXvaive. II. x. 544. •jro\vi3fi,vos (Ô, j'/), sung, or celebrnled in many hijmns, in the Homeric hymns : Airàp èirtiSi) TÔvSt Oeat tcoXvvjxvov tO^jtxl/ai'. Hi/mn. xxv. 7- iroXviSfivqTOS (ô, r/), often sung, or celebrated, in Pindar: 'Nifitaiov iy TTo\vvixvi]Tn) Aibç âXati. Find. Nem. ii. 8. ({>aiSi|jioç (ô, ij), illustrious ; clarus : Xwpi^aav S' vtto n ttçÔjxcixoi Kai (patCiiioç" Ektwç). II. iv. 505. èiri<|>ain^s (é, //), illustrious : "Ottwc ce iju) riç dwiarri, cat ovojj.â(Tui l3uv\of.iai tovç ÊTTi^avf orarovc uvrùiy. Xen. Ages. 3,2. 213. e^eKo, poet. elVcKa, because of, on account of, indicates 213 the design with which a thing is done, but without any close connexion with it, and in a cause in which the feel- ings of the agent are not much interested : Xepai jjev ovTui eywye fiaj(^i'i(TOf.iai t'li'tKa i:ovpT)ç. II. i. 298. àvTL : from the notion of exchange proper to this prepo- sition, which signifies, 1. in the stead of, in the place of, arises that of causality, which it often has, both in prose and verse ; 2. for, because of: 'Ar0' utov è' ÏKreivd yiv ixKovdov. Eur. Hec. 1136. irpo, forth, forward, before, as in Latin, pro ; hence for, for the defence of, principally in poetry: Ulov wpocrTiicjaç wpo 'A-)(^uitIty Tpwal fid.'^eadai. II. iv. 156. uirep, prop., above, over ; hence the notion of defence, of protection, prop, and fig., in both poetry and prose, where it is sometimes used, 1. for dvri, in the place oï for : 'H *:ai tdiXoiç âv, d> 'ETrladeieç, virèp tovtov diroQareiv ; Xen. An. vii. 4, 6. 2. On account of, in behalf of , for the sake of, for: ^uipo) 6' upi]i> tKUTÔfxjjriy jôt'sai v7r£p ^cwawy. II. i. 444. Xdpiv, in favour of, in order to please, indicates more particularly the intention of the agent, a more direct con- cern on his part, and the desire felt to do an agreeable thing or to oblige : Xapii/"EKropoc ôrpvyayroç. II. xv. 744. 214. eleoTt, it is permitted, more in the moral sense: "fiore 214 Kara ye tuvto, tUari aoi {you are permitted = you may) Xiyuv. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 9. T 2 208 215. (214) £OTi, for t^eoTt or tyean : Ovt: tan tovç Bavôvraç iç àoç fioXtïy. Eur. Ale. 1079. efcoTi, there are the means, it is possible, more as regards physical possibility, and the man's own natural powers, whether prop, or fig. : Ilûic ïii(my */ irûtç ùviarùy rovrovç uTTiuraç ... ; Dem. in Euhulid. 1306, 2. ci'i, often for 'ivEan, in prose and verse; OuV tri rJ (^(.v- yovTi TzapiXBtir. Dem. de Cor. 3. £>'8éx£Tai, it is admitted, or received, it is possible, it can be; contingit : Owe ovy ovic èpcé^trai, atixppoyiiaarra Trpo- cdty avdiç fiii y, Xuf^ii^iiveiy. Plat. Gorg. 448, a. 6ep.is eoTt, 1. it is according to the common usage, accord- ing to custom, fas est : Kai ol ucvpofiiyr) l3\i iniTâ-Toy-L i twrepoy diruQtly. Plat. Thecet. 146, c. 215. 215 ê|w, adverb, tvithout : Wfjipl ?i t' ÙKoai ifiôyeç ftoôiotriy fpei/yo/^t'i ;;t àXôc tiu. II. xvii. 265. Sometimes used as a preposition with a case following it, out of, on the outside of: FA yap yvy, tipi], trt oXtyoi tlerly oi ttu) rov toi/^/urof .... Xen'. Cyr. iii. 3, 24. IktÔç, more rare in prose, ont, without, extra : Ttlx^oç Iktùç. II. ix. 67. CKToOi, wiilioiit (on tlic part without), on the «ut&ide, with the geni- tive : Honcjv tKToQi i'r]wv. 11. xv. SJM. ?iCTO(r€, rare and Epic, out, without, with the genitive : Aôpv c' Ic^a- \ov tKToat ;^«ipoc. Od. xiv. 277- «Totrflf luul «KToflcv, oM the outside, o\\ the p.irt without, «'/'//iOH/ ; 'EicrocrOti' H jiaOiiay àpvKofitv iyyvOi ra'cipo»'. //. vii. ;{4l. BaOiitic iKToOtv nvXt'iç. Od. ix. 231). cluOck, from without, without, with and without a case : 216—218. 209 Kat TTpoç rovToiç ciWovç ï^wdei' crv[Jfxâ)(pvç KaraaKivâl^oyTai. (215) Xen. Mem. ii. 1, 14. 216. éiTiypai^Y], ijç (»'/), 1. inscription, inscription in memory 216 of the dead, in Tliucydides : Kat où orryXw)' jjiovor iv rrj olicei(f <7i]i.iauei Iniypaei]. Thuc. ii. 43. 2. Title of a book, in Polybius : "Iva /u») Trpoç Tr]v ETnypacpi'iP, àXXà irpoç rà TTpay/iora ^Xiiruiaiv. Polyh. iii. 9, 3. èmypa|ji|xa, aroç (rô), inscription in verse, in Tliucydides: Kat 7W }.iÈv kv TTJ ayopq, TrpoaoïKocon^naç vrrrtpov b crj^oç 'Adijruitjy fxiil^ov ^rJKOç toïi lowfidv i)(])ari(7£. TOViTiyçiaf.ijxa, Thuc. vi. 54. Tliese two words were at first nearly syno- nymous, but liriypafxna appears to have been always used of an inscription in verse, and what proves this is the fact, that later the word is specially applied to that kind of poetical composition of several lines, generally elegiac, the collection of which bears the name of Anthology ; this kind of poem, let it be added, has no kind of connexion whatever with our epigram. 217. cTTiGaXdfiioi/, ov (to), composition in verse, or poem in 217 celebration of a marriage, epithalamium : 'Eyw yap vp~iv £7rt0aXa/ito>' àioyiwo-o/iot. Luc. Conviv. iii. 40, 445. yaiAiiXioi', ov (jo), neuter of yafiijXuic, taken absolutely, with ellipse of <^ajj.a or avXrjida, nuptial song ; according to Pollux (^Poll. iv. 80), it was sung to two flutes, one of which was shorter than the other, as symbolic of the in- feriority of the wife to the husband. 218. èiriôufjLia, aç (^/), desire ; cupiditas : Kat ov ap i) èmOv- 218 juta ivrj linav I'lCv. Aristot. Rhet. i. 11. eXSwp {to), under the Epic form IcXSwp, in Homer, wish, vow: Tà£t fioi KprjTivov tiXëitip. II. i. 45. 9ûp,os, ov (ô), the heart, as the seat of desire and the natural appetites : niéeir, ore Qvpioç àvûyyoï. II. iv. 263. T 3 210 219. ("218) Hence, the appetite itself: Aujii/it', ovli -i dv/jvç èèiviro cairùç iiaqç. II. i. 468. XTJp.a, arof (rô), fr. Xom, prop, desire, will ; as the principle of the passions; hence, inclination, propensity : '0 S' tic to Kf pCoç \i)fi' i^iov àvtt^ivov. Eur. Ileracl. 3. [In prose, Hilt. 5, 72.] ôpc|i9, twç {{]), fr. ànéyii), appetite : 'H yùp ir-iOu/it'a rod {jcioç iffriy optstç. Aristot. Rhet. i. 11. ep|iT], î}ç (»'/), fr. ouu), motion or spring of the soul towards an object, principle of violent and heedless desire, impe- tuous movement from impulse : 'AWn aiiv -o'tç rùfioiç »/iav- tiwHt] TDiavTT] (lo^rf toïi ciifiov, i)r tivc ar oifÀUi iiWoi- uvctva aidpwTzof vTroi^i'tvai. Xen. ]\Iem, iv. 4, 2. irpoOup-ia, aç (>/), good-will : Et ri p kiruicivcriy wç av Ivraifiijy arpa-iij. izpodvpiay tppaXily. Xen. Cyr, i. G, 13. 219. 219 èiTiKi^Seioç (Ô, Î]), relative to funerals : Kat h) koi ittoX}) yé tvov 7iûr îirii:T]Ctioiç toca'iç [funeral chants), ov aritpayoi TTpénoiiy à»' ovc f.Ki'^vaoi t:vcrf.ioi. Plat. Legg. vii. 800, e. ^TrtKr|8€io»', ov (rd), poem or composition in verse, on the death of a person, and in honour of him, in Plutarch : 'O ^£ T(f Tliicâpu) TToit'iaaç rù £7r(K»/Cfior. Plut, de An. procr. 33. According to others, it was a kind of funeral oration pronounced over the dead. ^TTiracJnoç (ô, )/\ spoken at or over the tomb, and after the burial, in speaking of a discourse delivered on the occasion : A>/^/o(T/y -(Kpàç TTOn'ifrOi Kdi Xôyovç tTriru(piuvç, ey o'iç Koaptire. TU Twy àyaOù/y àyCpwy ipya. Dem. in Lcptin. 499. 0pT)k'oç, ou (ô), funeral dirge by singers customarily em- ployed for that purpose, and accompanied by the relations and friends of the deceased, not only at the time of the burial, but also at certain anniversaries of the time of mourning; a custom found as early as Homer: llHpà t' iiaav ànicovç Opiiywy tiâpj^ouf' olre OToriitaffay àot^r/v, oi pèy âf)' ïOinjyioy. II. xxiv. 721. 6pT]k'atSîa, ac (>/), funeral dirge, in general ; lamenfatio : 220, 221. 211 "ilffTTEp // Qpip'f^ia Koi 6 ÈTriKtiêeioç avXoç kv àp\ï} iràdoç (219) Kii'û Kcù ^ckovov i^ficiWei. Plut. Quœst. Conv. iii. 8. 220. èmoToXi], ijç (»/), prop, message ; hence, letter sent, 220 epistle, in the: plural as well as singular, speaking of a single letter ; epistola : "'Eiref^txpe Eè kcù InirrroX))}' tov T6y- yvXov /), tablet, so named from its shape, which was that of the letter hiXra ; hence the letter written on it : AtXroj' TE ypû(peiç riivû' i}t' irpo '^^epôjv 'in JDaarcii^eic, Eur, Iph. A. 35. TreuKT], JJÇ ()';), tablet of deal on which letters were written ; in poetry the letter itself : Kai (rcppayii^tiç Xvtiç r okigu), pilTTElÇ 7£ TviClO TTtVKYjV. Eur. Ipk. A. 39. 221. eiroç, £oç {to), verse, principally Epic or heroic verse, 221 because the lines followed without the division of strophes: 'Etti jjiEy Toit'vi' kTvCjy 7rou'/(T£i "0/x^;po^' ïyojye piiXioTa Ttdav- fioKu. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 3. fjieXoç, eoç {t6), prop, member ; hence, lyric verse, be- cause it was divided into members or strophes ; always in the plural : Eî ce rijy r]Cv(Tfiiv7]v jJLoîxrav ■Kapahi^it kv fiiXe- aiv y ï-KEair, îicovy) (rot kuI Xvtvt) kv rij TrôXei (^aaiXivatTOV avrX ronov. Plat. Pol. x. 607, a. 212 222. (221) fierpov, ov {rô), measure ; hence, by ext., the line in mea- sure, verse : Ov n rJii' fiirptov ciofxai ÙKOûffai, ovc'i fiîXoç t'i n TTfTrojjjcaç. Plat. Li/s. 205, a. oTixos, ov (a), line, answers to the Latin versus ; hence, verse in general of all poetic compositions : Mi) irXiiio -errû- ptt)v iipwticuty (Tri^ûiv. Plat. Legg. xii. 958. 222 tpyfov, ov (rô\ realization or result of the action ; hence, work, fact, effect, deed, in opposition to tiroç or Xoyor, word, talk ; res: liar >'//i7»' uiitiatjti) rur tavrov irpeai^vrepoi' tpyut Tt Kal tirtt. Plat. Legg. ix. 879, c. Aoyut yap I'lany, o'vic inyià (piXoi. Eur. Ale. 339. cpY[ia, «roc ('■"), poet, and rare, the fact, the act itself: 'Ptjfia d' ipyfidruiv xpoinwTipov jSioTivit. Pind. Nem. iv. 6. Spâp,a, aroç (rô), work, particular work which one per- forms or attends to, as business : To j^iy Toivvr rùr fiaiûr ToanvTor, tXarrov et rov è^ov cpô/^iaroç. Plat. Theceth, 150, a. iT-oiTj|i.a, nroç (rô), action, in a philosophic sense, in op- position to irâdfj/ia, passion :. Uûtra rh roinv-a rwr ti'«»- Ttwi' à\\i'i\»(ç f)eit]ç i'ire iroirjj.uiriof e'lTC nadij^idru)»- ; Plat. Pol. V. 437, b. irpaYfia, aroç (rô), thing, in the sense of event, as in the following passage of Euripides, where it is opposed to îpya, particular actions : 'AWà Trarr' i)^nv(Ta èvarv^îj, rolç irpâ- yjiaaiv TtO)i]Kn, rolç è' tpyoKTir ov. Eur. Hcl. 286. irpay^aTcia, «ç (»'/), practice or prosecution of any art or profession, business, in the sense of occupation, concern, work : Atytir on rruduvç h^piovpyôç ioTir »/ ptjrupiK}) Kal >'/ Trpayfxania avrfi'. i'nraaa Kai to Ket^aXawy liç tovto teXcvt^. Plat. Gorg. 453, a. TTpâÇiç, HOC (»'/), action, practice, speaking of the general conduct, or of the sum of actions directed to one end : Toi/c ■KXioyiKTiiv Ci]Tovtraç, tpyif KioXvtiy Kul npdiiaiy, ov\l Xôyotc êioy. Dem. Phil. ii. 66, 7. 223. 513 223. Ipis, lêoç (»/), strife, dispute, quarrel: Arj-yé/jerai o' 'ipiioç 223 KaKoi.iT]-)^cu'ov. II. ix. 2,')7. Hence, contest : Ka« 'vfji'ir êé, w ur^piç ^Tj/dÔTCii, irapairû) ôpfiâcrdai elç épir TCivrt]ç r?/Ç /iM'xvc Trpvç Tovç nenai^tvjdii'uvç ruvaêe. Xen. Cyr. ii. 3, 10. Per- sonification of Discord, in poetry : Kat "Eptg âfxorov [xe- /jav'ia. II. iv. 441. epio-fxa, aroç {to), fr. tptZo), subject of discord : Mj) roîirô ye vsïkoç OTriffffio (Toi Kai tftol jxey' îpiofia fitr' àfi(poT(.poiai ysvijrai. IL jv. 37. a|xiXXa, 7/Ç (j/), contest, struggle, principally where there are many contending, as in public games ; prop, in the poets, and oftener fig. in prose, rivalry between two par- ties, two armies, emulation : T?)»' hk rwy cj/juwv kXevdtpiav y TÛIV àyaOôjy àj'dpwv ayitiXXa, i)u inl ralç Trapà rod èiifiov ^(opta'tc Trpoç tavrovç TTOioîirTai, (pvXârTiL. Dem. in Lept. 490, 1. â|xi\XT]p.a, aroç {to), combat ; Miai(p6vopd, âe (»/), a difference between private individuals and even between two nations : Titptréojv ^iv vw ol \6- yioi ^oiriKuç airlovc /C CLCKpoprjç. Herodot. i. 1. mKos, eoç (rô), quarrel principally in words, abusive lan- guage : 'AXXà TIT] epiêaç kuI veiKta rwlv àvâyKï} veikûv dWijXoiaiv èvavTÎov ; II. xx. 107. This word is less used in prose than (j>iXoveiKla. 4>iXoi/eiKia, ac (//), prop, love of wrangling anà disputing; hence, jealousy, or, in a good sense, spirit of rivalry, emula- tion : <&tXor£tkta»' èitfiaXe irpoç àXXr']\ovç to7ç fxer avTOv uTTwç ÏKuaroi avrwp apitrroL (pairuivro. Xen, Ages. ii. 8. 214 224. 224. 224 IpxEffôai, io go, but almost always in a relative sense, so as to mark either I. the place at which the speaker is already arrived, in which case it is rendered <^eneraliy by io come: Avrap irtl^ùç kç'Wiov ei\i)\ovda. II. v. 204. Or, 2. the place to which the speaker transports himself in thought, or where the action contemplated is to take place : "Ep^o^fti, 0(/)p' 'Aj^iXt/Ï Oa«^poi'i ^iiduy ivianu). II. xi. 839. '^K€ii', to come, to be come, he present [= venisse'\, supposes the passing from the one place to the other over : Kat Îikov o( atC()iç (pépoiTtç Tt)y trriffroX/;»'. Xen. Cyr. ii. 2, 7. Tkciv, io come, to arrive : Aùràp oy' iç 'Pô^ov î$£v oKilifiivoç. II. ii. <;C7. Ikoivciv, elongated Ibrni of the preceding word, in Homer, Pindar, anil jEscliyliis: Aûràf) fyoj-yf TroXXd jSporùv iiri dart âXû^cvoç ivOdû' ÏKduw. Od. XV. 492. iKmaOai, to come, to arrive : "Zriiywy I' iKyovfiai rovace T0VÇ xdjnovr. Soph. Œd. R. 785. oi4)iK^EÎa6ai, more used than the simple 'iKii'iaQdi, espe- cially in prose, 1. to arrive: 'ETrtî ci d(plK(.To i \\v^>oç tlç Mi'i^ovç irpùç Tov KvaL,ûptip. Xen. Cyr.W. 1,2. 2. Sometimes in poetry, to cone back: 'E\wr rt Aapcdiav KXtiyijy noXiy àfÎKiT iiç TÙè' " Apyoç, Eur. Electr. 5. Kiciv, Kpic, formed by metathesis fr. iVfiv [more probably rehited to tl^i, root i], rendered sometimes by to go, to come: Twv fi'ty TTiyr!]- Kovra vîfç ctov. //. xi. 705. p.oXcXv, to come, to come back : Ka'^/iof ffioXi ravCt yâv Ti'ptoç. Eur. I'lioen. 651. The participle \io\iiiv, which is in common use in the poets, is not, properly speaking, pleonastic, as the grammarians say, even when fonnd with verbs of motion, with which it is uiiulogoiis to our [the French] use of venir with an iiifin. : 'Q rata TfKfitjaia, ^v(t- ^opov ytvoj;, opa, ftoXovaa royS', ÔttoÎ' iirr] 9poù. Soph. ^j. TJ'-. I'r. viens entendre \_come and hear (lit. see) ]. v^ccr6ai, Io come back, to return : 'AXXijXoiaiv ic'rpoi'rat oieovt'^f rUaUai. n. ii. 200. wiCTacCTÔai, elongated form of the ))receding word, in Homer, Pindar, and the Tnigic chorus: ri;\f/ui^o»/if^i«a àydirriv rov Oeoïi où/c É)^îr£ if eavrolç. Joan, V. 42. In the plural dyairai, wv (n<'), agaPjE, love- feasts, which the primitive Christians celebrated in common, the expense being borne by the rich ; a custom which was continued down to the fourth century ; when they were suppressed by the council of Laodicea. In the N. T. : OvToi ùair iv tuàq àydiraiç vij.(jjv aTriXdêeç. Jud. i. 12. cLydinjo-is, tioç (//), affection, love : 'H tov IleptfcXÉove dydi:r}aiç yevo^iivr) Trpoç 'Acnraalàp, Plut. Pericl. 24. dcnrao-)j.éç, où (ô), prop, embrace ; hence, desire to em- brace, affection, inclination, fig. in Plato, opposed to n'laog : ¥i.pivi(Tdii) ye jj.i]v iinu rHiv rci aptoTtTa elXrjcpÔTtJi' roi ii;eiywv filirei Kcd dairarTjjiû. Plat. Legg. xi. 919, e. ifjiepos, ov (Ô), fr. 'UjjiaL, inclination directed to its object by the physical need of possessing what is loved : hence, desire : liai yue yXvKvg '(fxepoc a'ipeï. II. iii. 446. TToOos, ov (ci), Socrates, in the Cratylus of Plato [Crat. 420, a), imitating the false and absurd Etymological system of the Sophists, in order to ridicule it, derives this word from nodi ; where ? and defines it as love or desire of an absent object ; but the elements of the word are to be found in Tréwoi'da, perfect of Trct'o-x^w, and make it analogous with wéiOoç : hence it signifies rather the sufi'ering or pain caused by the absence or loss of the loved object[, a yearning for it] ; hence, regret for the loss, or absence : 'A/\/\d [UE Q T£ irôOoç Qv^iov dirrfvpa, Od. xi. 201. iroGij, Fjç (?;), for ttôOoç : 'H ttot' 'Ax^^^fjoç TroOr) 'i^tTai vloi 'Axaiùiv avuiravTag. 11. i. 240. 216 226. ('2251 irofrtiTvç, voç (l'i), tenderness of parents for their children, in Appian : Oû/c àfi(po~ip ÙTc'iXavTov ii'iv fÀipiaavro ttoOtjtvv. 0pp. Cyu. ii. 009. oTcpKTtKO»', ov (rô), principle of the natural affections, disposition to love : Kai yap (ptXùrtKyni Kai (piXatcpoi teal ru (TTtpt:Tii.ùy oXtoç iy uvralç, wairtp EV(f>vt)ç X^p nffi'ction of parents for their children, paternal love, filial pith/, in the Anthology [also Plut. Mor. CG9, e, &c.] : Ti\VT] 'ïi^iof.iâxov OTOpfTjv Kai ^ijXov û"éiÇ{ Mr;CéÎ7;c, t'ikvwv tic fioçov tXco- [liviov. AntJiol. Plan. iv. 135. [Also of unnatural affections. Anthol. 5, 16G. 3, 191, &c.] 4>iXia, «c (>/) friendship : 'A\\' oyjwc ci'a rovnov Tra'rrw»' 77 tpiXla CiaCvo^iiyq awàiTTEi tovç KaXovç te i:àyat)ovç. Xen, Mem. ii. 6, 29. <^iXéTT)S, fJTOQ (»';), \. friendship, love, and very often, in Homer, 2. se.ruiXTpov, ou (to), in the plural in Euripides, amours : Ta 6twv Si (piXrpa (ppovSa Tpoi(f. Eur. Troad. 859. 4)iXoiXo<}>poo-ônr|, 7JC (/;'), kindliness, fricndli/ disposition : ST; ^£ UEyuXiiropn Qvpiv "layEiv EV (TTtjOicrai' (l>iXo(f>pocrvyr) yap afiElrwy. II. ix. 256. [Also Plat. A'en.] X«ipiç, iroç (rj), token of reciprocal affection, return (in gratitude), favour, caress of love : Oli^rpoc, aVci jjyjjariiç àXo^ov Kovpiciijç, Tqç ovTi X'^'P'*' '*^^* . • • • II" xi. 243. 226. 226 epwrac, 1. to put a question, to question, to ask for a pre- cise answer, affirmative or negative : 'AXX' ipûra, t\t»}, w KDpt, o n jiuvXei ùjç TÙXrjdrj tpoÎDToç. Xen. Cyr. iii. 1, 30. 2. To ask, request, in the sense of entreating, begging, in the N. T. : 'lie «5'' »)X0ov Trpôç civruy ol ^upapilrai I'lpwroiy avToy fu'irui nap' avTolç. Joan. iv. 40. ipia^ai, for ipù>rç.v. Eïpcat àmrôdtv ilftiv iyùi Si Kt roi KaraXi^u). Od. iii. (10. 227. 217 ipetiveiv, poet, form elongated of tponai, used also by Plutarch ; (226) Tvdtidij ^iyâOy/xi, tit] yevetjv èpeeiveiç ; //. vi. 145. (jteraWav, to cause the details of a matter to be given one after an- other [fisr' âWa], to procure information in detail upon, lo ask for par- ticulars : "H 5' IV et^afxivt] /), information asked for, the answer to which can only be given with some particulars, as when, in Homer, Hector, addressing himself to the women of Andromache, asks them : 11^ tftrj 'Ar^po^ci^jj ; II. vi. 377, and they answer him: 'AW eTri irupyov ilo-q fxiyav 'IXtou, oijyiK aKovae Ttlpeadai Tpùiaç. II. vi. 386. [Late prose ; Plui, Symp. i. 1, 5.] u 18 228. 228. -1.'8 ècrQUiv, to eat, in general; hence the Latin esse: 'En-ti CÎ ica'i inQioira nvrov kûtpaiv, dairep Koi avrol, ticiuç kui -îtoiTci. Xen. C'l/r. i. 5, 1. PiPpucTKCiv, poet, to eat with vorncity, carrying with it the notion ofa large quantity consumed, /o devour, to/east upon; vorare : ' Qcrt XiovTa, OÇ pa tc (ii/ipwKwç ^oùç îp\irai àypavXoio, Od. xxii. 403. [Hdt. 1, 119; not in Attic prose.] PpoxOît€i»', to put into the throat or gullet : Ziifu'ioy ct ri fJt) TTitttv TToXv, àWà tcai ftpo\diaui. Aristot, Probl. 27,3. eSdv, poet, and defective, and rare in prose, to eat; lience the Latin edere, prop, and fig. : 'Ecovai rt TViova fii'iXa. II. xii. 311). [iCtaOai and iSiar'iov. Pl.~\ ^pt'-TTTeaôai, iiseil of frugivorous animals, in the Iliad, to browse : Auirui' i^jtTTTÔfiiroi iXioOptirrôv Tt aiXivov. II, ii. TT'J- IJiaaaa-dai, 1. to chew: MncrJir-at yap aTravriç (A Ir rtj ywp9 Tof TTcnrvoof kat Tuy f.iev -f^vXoy KuraTrh ovat, to ^£ fiiKTriiAa £is/5t'tA\out\(7r7rov, i Ka\ ertpûtpdaX^oç, t:iù Ik toxitov Kvk\w\Ii 7rpo(Tnyop£u0£ic. JEVmn. Jar. Hist. xii. 43. fioc6c|)0aX|xos (Ô, //), one loho naturally has only one eye, as the fabulous Cyclopes, or as the Arimaspi, a people who were miners, and whom Herodotus, speaking after the legends of his time, represents as having only one eve; legends, however, in which he disavows liis belief, notwith- standing the credulity generally, though erroneously, attri- buted to him : flt/Wo/iat ci ohêè roî/ro, ô\wc fiovynipdaXuoi ârêpeç (livoiTcti. Ilerodot. m. IIC. 231. 231 cToç, loç (rô), hence the Latin vêtus; time, epoch, or fixed point of time in the Odyssey : 'AW o-t ci) troc I'jXde ■KtnnrXofiiyuiy tyiavruif. Od. i. 10. It is more comnionly used in narration for year, to mark exactly the time and determine the epoch, and particularly in speaking of the age of man : ^lir Ct, on inXivra, à[.i(pi rà TrfiTZ/kro» ra tri]. Xen. Anah. ii. 6, 10. ei'iauTÔç, ov (Ô), fr. ti tnurw or fr. tyoç ; hence, anus and annus. According to Eustathius it is synon. with ôurpi/i//, prriad, which comprehends a considerable portion of time, and the duration of wliith is not fixed, cycle : A-ncrtioyTat. ?£ XiiTTitr -^(wyiovr: r' irûr iraXniûiv iyiavrovç. Aristoph. Ran. 317. Hence a fixed period as that of a year, in the 232. 221 Iliad; 'E» »'£a ètj /5fjSaafft Aïoç [.teyciXov kviavToi, II. \\. {2'i\) 134. This word is more often found in poetry than in prose ; Plato, however, uses it more frequently than tVoç, which is more common in the historians : 'Eitavrôe Ik biTOTay ijXioç roi' eavrov TrtpiiXdi] kvkXoi'. Tim. 39, c. XvKâpaç, ai'Toç (ô), fr. Xvki], poet. : TovS' avrov XuKa/SajToe iXtv- atTai ivddô' 'Ocvffatvç. Od. xiv. Ifil. 232. cuSaiftuv (Ô, >/), happy : Qi'r]TÛ)P è' ciX/3(oe elç réXoç ovceiç 232 ovè' tv?,ain(or. Eur. Iph. A. 162. cukXtjpos («, j'/), fr. ^•X^7poc, having a happy lot, or portion, in the Anthology : Ot h^'lov, o'i c kfiàaaav ivKXupov S«Xa- fxira. Anth. Plan. iv. Antipatr. 296. evfjioipos (ô, r'i), fr. [loipa, having a happy portion : Efjuoipoi ë' tyî- vovro Kai (iKXteç ovitot' sksIvoi.. Call, in Del. 295. evTTOTiAOÇ, (Ô, »';), fr. TrérjLtoç, in the Tragedians, one of a happy for- tune, fortunate : ' Ayvà S' âravpwToç avê^ varpoç (piXov rpiTÔcirov- ôov iVTrornov alwva (plXioç trina. JEsch. Agam. 245. [In prose, Plut.l eurux^is (ci, ^) {jv^Eiv~), rare in prose, successful, one who succeeds by good fortune ; hence, \. fortunate, speak- ing of men and things: Vévow narpoç evTV)(^é(n£poç, Soph. Aj. 550. 2. prosperous, speaking of a man's lot in the world: ïlcip' tvTvy^r} aoi Trorfioy ijXdev inrEtpokdKù) toc âXyoç. Eur. Ale. 926. fjidKap, poc (ci), poet., and jxaKtipios, m, both in prose and verse, blessed, blest, happy, beatiis, speaking of men and things : Kai o fxtv iiyelro fù^ctî/iw»' ytyEi7J(Tdai on ■noXXwv i'lPX^ XP^i""'"'^''' ^ ^' ^^ irvuL^e yua/>apiwra-oe tu'ui on . . . , Xen. Cyr. viii. 3, 19. These two forms, filiKup particu- larly, in verse, were often used as appellations of honour", a usage which was continued down to the middle ages : 'Qi nciKcip 'ArpEÎêr]. II. iii. 182. It was applied to gods, and, by ext., to men who were thought to have merited by their virtues a place after death, reserved for them in Heaven, or in certain islands called jua/capwr vtjfroi : Koi rot /lev vaiovdiv àkjjctVt 6vj-i6r 'é-^omç tv fxaKctpwr injaoiai. Hesiod. Oper. 169. (xaKapirr]ç, ov {o), blessed, was more specially used in speaking of the dead by euphemism [= of blessed memory^', u 3 222 233. (232) traces of this use of it may be found as early as the Persae of yEschylus : 'Up àiei nuv ^atcapiraç \aoiuif.iu)v (yaaiXevç. Pers. 633. ÔXpioç, l'a (oA/3oç), happy, as used of happiness the most complete, with the associated notion of riches and abundance with it. Thus Solon, in Herodotus, applies it to a man in possession of a multitude of the advantages of this life very seldom found united in one individual : Et It TTpoc TOVTOiai tri reAevrtirrEi toy piov iv, ovtoç tcttioç rov av ^T)ri'iç, o/\/3(oc KiK\{ifjdui alloc iari' Trptr C av rt\iVT))ari, i-KiO'^iny, firjcè tcaXéeiy kw oXfSioy, c'lXX' fùru^^ïa, Herodot. i, 32. The word, however, is very rare in Attic prose [P/. Prot. 337, d] ; it belongs to poetry of the higher style, and Aristophanes never uses it but in his chorus, or when he is imitating the Tragic style: Haûpotç ùiÔLuin-wr âptr») Kal kÔWoç ùinjcù' oXpioç oc tovtu)v àptporépojy tXa-^iv. Theogn. 929. 233. 233 cvSciv, poet, to sleep : Oil xP') '"'avvvxtov ti;^t«v (iovXtjipôpov âycoa. II. ii. 24. KaôeûSeii'. a compound of the preceding word, and more used, particularly in prose: Ovk nïada, i'^ij, on ta6iw piv, Kal TTti'u), Kal Kudtvcw ovc iiTiovy ijcioy yvy, »/ tÛ~£ ore Triyrjç 7iy; Xen. Cyr. viii. 3, 17. Ppî^eiv, to he sunk in a deep sleep: 'Ev6' ovk av jipiXovra ïloiç ' Aya^i'tfivova tïov. II. iv. 223. SapOavciv (cépaç [Sanscrit, drai, dor-m'ire. Potl.^ ), to lie upon skins ; to po to hed, to sleep : 'AX,V tv aSt^ptfrifi /3oty raî KUiaiv oiùiv lêpaff tvi vpoSofiif). Od. XX. 143. KaTaSapOâfctf, a compound of the preceding word, and more used, both in prose and verse: "Eaaoy, w cat^iôyie, Karaiapdi'ty u /it. Arisioph. Nub. 36. cùfâ^ei»' (ivyi]), in the passive tvyâ^eadat, in the poets, to be in bed, to be lying down to sleep : Aùrà() o tr npocôfni» thvaiiero êloç'Oêvfftrivç. Od. xx. 1. lavtiv (aîiiti), prop, to breathe in sleeping; hence to sleep, to lie down, to pass the night; Toi c' âpniyiç !ktoç («I'ov. Od. xiv. 1(5. Kvucrcrciv, to sleep a deep sleep: 'H^v pâ\a Kvuiaaova' iy ôyuptiçai jrv\yciy. Od. iv. }(09. [^I'ind. Anthol. &c. : not in the .\tlic poets.] Koip,âa6ai (k£7/jn*), to repose, to go to bed, or lie down to 234, 235. 223 sleep: Atca err], acp' ov av ek nalêwv îE,éXdu)ai, (coi/iwrrat (233) {thei/ sleep) irepi rà àoj^eta. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 9. vuiné.'tjE.iv {revd)), prop, to let the head fall or hancf down, as those do who are oppressed by sleepiness, to nod {from drowsiness) ; dormitare : Kai Karaipepunei'oi mi I'vora^orrec TovTo êoKoîxn 7ra(T)(£tr, Kal àèwaTovcriv aipsiv r?)i' KtcpaXijv. Aristot. de Somn. 3. virv(5eiv (Sttvoç), Epic, to slumber: Hovç d' avre Kai virvwovTaç èytioti. 11. xxiv. 344. •v-irvueraciv, synonyme of the preceding word, in the tragedians and in Plato, lo slumber, to sleep: 'Yirvdiaaac ; om àvaarîjcni tÛxoç ; ^sch.Eum. 124. 234. €Û0u, adverb of place, straight, in a straight line, straight- 234 forward, directly opposite : Eùôù ttjç (ttociç. ^îjaov oIkeï £vdv"laTpov. Max. Tyr. S. 27. [In Attic tvQv -n-poc — , r] Evdv, se. ôêôç ; but usually with gen. ev8v 'Eféanv, &c. ; once in PL = in direct opposition to, against : tvdv tov èai- fiorlov. Theog. 129, a.] eù9ds and eùôéwç adverbs of time, at once, forthwith : Evdvç àiro MrjhKÙii'. Thuc. i. 142. Ace. to Ammonius and Phry- nichus, EvOvç and Evdéwç are only adverbs of time. How- ever, EvOvç seems anciently to have had the same meaning as Evdv. It is found in Homer and in Herodotus under the Ionic form lOus : BctJ' p Wvç Aai'aw»'. /Z. xii. 106. 'Wvç liri QEacraXirjç. Herodot. v. 64. A more recent instance would seem to show, that even in Attic writers these two ■words have been sometimes confounded ; for the use of EvOvç for Evdv in the following passage of Euripides cannot be attributed, as some critics would have it, to the necessity of the metre : EiVô/ieSa ^eaTrôrjj t))v Evdiiç" Apyovç KÙiriêav- piaç ôèôv. Hipp. 1210. 235. €iÎTTpocnf]Yopia, iXoTrpoCTT]Yopia. Most dictionaries make 235 no difference between these two words, which they trans- late by affability ; but there is a great difference between them. «tiXoTTpoarpYopia will be better rendered by affa- bility, as equality appertaining rather to the disposition and the manners ; and cùirpoo-riYopia by urbanity, politeness in expression and conversation, according to the definition 224 236. (235) which Isocrates gives of the words : Tw yut»' rpoT-w yivov (piXoirpotTi'iyopoc, rw Ct Aôyw tvirooaiiyofuiç' tan C€ (hiXo- Trpo(TT]yo()(fiç fiiv, to TTpoatpiortly thvç cnrairiLyraç' evirçoai]- yopiuQ cé, TU ro7v Xôyoïç uvtu'iç, olktiuç tiTvyvttitir. Isocr. ad Demon. 24. 236. 236 t'jpicTKei.i', of the same family as ipio) and tpeviclw, to find by search; invenire : 'AiTiXo^oç T 'A^iXiji ttôoiç Ta\vç âyyeXoç i/XOt, Toy è' evpe irpoirctpoide rtwv, II. xviii. 2. n«Xw yap kyravdn ivpiaKtTO ■)(plofia. Xen. An. iv. 4, 8. Fig. to find, to invent, to discover: Ot coKovyrEç ao(p6y n tvpriKÉyai tic tU tpyn {to have made clever discoveries in acjrictiltitre). Xen. Œcon. 20, 5. ài'cupÎCTKcn'. Although Suidas asserts that the preposition in this compound verh is simply ornamental, a cursory attention to Plato and Xenophon will be enough to prove that the preposition gives it a special force : At Kvyic rîj àfffijj Toy Xoyw ùytvpicrKovaiy. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 19. In Plato, who uses it very often fig., and always in a philo- sophical sense, in speaking of intellectual researches, this verb never fails to express, not merely the result of pro- found research, but even the discovery of things hidden, or difficult to distinguish : W^^0K(^;pvft^^iy1}y ri\yi]y ùytvoi'ii. Plat. Phccdr. 273, c. èleopiaKciv, another compound of tvpiatciD, marks the re- sult of lung researches, and principally, fig., that of medi- tation ; ot'. II. xxi. ^0. In Euripides, the only author in yyhich the word is npain found, it comes near to the signification of tvpioKtiy or rvy^Hveiv : 'I'Oorov irpiç àarùv ti\(l>àrov'eôei.v, to discover the trace ; to track ; investigare : 'Est)^) eiidftre roi' QqXvjjtopcpov t,tuoy. Eur. Bacch. 352. Qr)- pavTii^àç KVi'Ctç TToXXàç ii,l]yayer, oï toiiç TroXefxiovç i^tj^vtvow- irat, rovç irXeîarovç avrwi' idi'ipevov. Polyœn. iv. 2, 16. Kixav€iv, fr. xïw or X"*^» rather than fr. kÎw, 1. ta reach, hit: Hà liBv, r)k (Tf êovpi Kix^oofiai. 11. x. 370. 2. To meet with, come upon, find : MJj as, yf()ov, KoiXyaiv iyoj Tcapà vrjVffi Kix^iat- IL i. 26. KvpEiv [and Kvpflv, see Lexicon], to try to attain, get, &c. ; Homer uses it in speaking of the lion falling upon the prey which it prowls after, to fall upon, come upon, get hold of, attain : "Qart Xku)v ixapr} /xtyâXtf tTTÎ aûfiari Kvpaag. II. iii. 23. In the tragic writers, to ob- tain ponsession of, to have, in the same sense as rvyxàviiv, from which it seems to differ, merely in being used in verse only, whereas riiy%â- vtiv is equally used in prose : Biov ë't X(^ovoç v^âç Kvprjffai rov (pvTeiactvroç narpôç. Soph. Œd. R. 1492. T€T|i.€tv, fr. r'lfivit), to come close to a person, to meet in the way, to Jind without searching long: "EvQ' oyi Néorop' triTfii. 11. iv. 293. r\iffijxveiv , prop, to hit, reach an object aimed at, imply- ing always a degree of chance independent of the skill of the aimer ; To»' fxEv ap' 'Arp£t^»;ç .... kcTraôr Èyx^' yv^£, Kara ic\r]Têa Tvxwaç. II. V. 579. Hence, fig. to find by chance, light upon, to meet with (obtain) ; reperire : Knroifx ùlÇ TTCtpCl (Ttio TV-^lOV (piXoTïjTOÇ CLT^clarjQ tp-)(Ofiai. Od. XV. 157. 237. euxT, ^c (»/)j prayer of entreaty : Tiyug ovy éùx«c viro- 237 XajjfitiyeT evj^^eadai ro'ig ôeolç tov ^iXntivoy or 'Éaner^ey, i) TOVÇ QTjjiaiovç ; Dem. de Legat. 381, 10. «vXwXti, TiQ {r}),vow: Eïr' dp' by' tvx*»Xriç tTZifikjKpiTai iW tica- TÔnfitjç. II. i. 65. 226 238. (237) €VY|A«' «roc (to), vow, wish : Kauwv UKovaaa ivyuÛTujv. .^sch. Sept. 24«. aÏTTjatç, t;), 1. prayer: Ztùc àpâwv àXujv Vr)\r)iâcao y'cpovroç. II. xw '^^8. 2. More frequenily im/jreca^ion, especially in the plural: Tàç aàç àKoîxui/ où fitvù roiâad' àpâç. Soph. (Ed. R. 295. S^CTiç, eu)ç (>'/), demand, request, entreaty, in c^eneral : Ilo.Wftç ce Cei'ifTEic KUt ^(«f)jraç Kni, >•>) At', oTrttXàr vtto- fiiivuç. Dem. in Mid. 515, 17. iKcaia, ar (>/), fr. 'iKÎrjjç, prai/er of the suppliant, suppli^ cation : 'E-n-ii en /.ly'iTtjp irapdEi'ùiiaç tKXnrt'iy i-tidqiCE .... arpâ-tvfi l^'ùr dpytloi' 'iKtiiaiai eT<ûç. Eur. P/iœn. 91. [In prose, Plut. D. Hal.'] \iTr\, r]ç (//), this word, apparently of Ionic origin, is found first in Homer, and in Herodotus, and has been ad- mitted by Pindar and the tragic writers ; it is used only in the plural ; Toi/p 2' l-ù fv^w\;](7t Xirrjai re tO> en i ttcpûty éWiffct^o;!'. Od. xi. 34. The beautiful personification of prayers in the Iliad (ix. 502) is well known. TrpoacuxT), »/C (''/)i in the O. and N. T. prayer to God, in a very wide sense, and in speaking of the body of prayers composing the public worship of the Church : Upoaiv^i) ce ^r £».T£i »)c yiiofieyrj vttÙ r?7ç 'E«:».\i;(T/aç Trpôç rùv Qeoy î/Trtp avTuv. Act. Apost. xii. 5. z. 238. 238 t'n^os> "i* ('')» ^i"' sf'^, prop, ardent desire, desire to imi- tate tlie examples we set before us, desire to possess tlie same advantages as others; hence, in Hesiod, 1. envy: Zi/\')C c' ài6()ù)iri)iiny oO^vnoltrty ("nramy f vff»./ An^oç, Kakô- j^aoroc îifinoriitTii (rrvyipÛTniç. Hesiod. Oper. 178. 2. Jea- lousy, but in moderation, ace. to Aristotle [^emulation'} : Aio ,239. - 227 fCHi tTTuii^eç kariv b i^fjXoç ical lintiKÛ) v , to ce cpdore'ii' (paîiXoy (238) K-(ù éavXioy. Aristot. Rhet. ii. 11. l^TjXoTuiria, aç (»/), the sentiment oï jealousy, based upon hatred, and more especially Û\e jealousy of love \_rivalry~\ : Atà T)]v ^viiioXoyovf.iiy>]v irpnç' Apr) i^riXorvTriai' roû 'Hçxu'- (TTov h' 'Acbpocirt]!'. Plut. Quœst. Rom. 47. By ext., jea- lousy in those who are enga7ç, kuÏ tFjç kutci -))r TÉy^^iTjv i^i]\oTviTiHc {professional jealousy). Luc. de Calumn. 2. PacTKacia, nç (»/), malevolence in words, slander, envious, malevolent discourse ; detrectatio : M/) ^tyo Xiyt, fit) rig îlfïlf l^aaKai'la Trepirpéxl^t] tuv Xoyov rur jj-tWoi'TU Xéyecrdai. Plat. Phced. 95, b. cTTixaipeKaKia, aç ()/), malicious joy felt at the suffering or misfortunes of others : Nf'yuto-tr êè fiecrûrriç (pdovov Kat £7ri^nip£kaK7'aç* elm êè irepl Xun-»;»' Kcii îjEovïjv ràç £7rt toIq avj.iliaiiovaL toIq iréXciç yn'Ofiévaç' ô pèv yhp vefxearfriKoç XvTztiTui kiri Tolç à)'a^/we eu irpcirroveriy, 6 êè (pOovepoç vTrep- j:)âXXwy tovtov ettI nâai Xvireirai, 6 è tTri'^aipÉKaKOç to(tovtov fXXEÎnei Tov XvKtiaBai âoTi Kai -^uiptiv. Aristot. Eth. Nie, ii. 7. i'€)Jiecnç, fwç (»/) (l'éfÀù)), indignation ; a sentiment com- pared in the passage just quoted with that of envy, and which Aristotle further defines thus : Et yap èrrri t(j vEfxe- adv XuTTtlaOaL Ètti tu) (pairo/uévù) ùrftstwç evirpayelr. Rhet, il. 9. {If indicjnation consists in the vexation we feel, when a person possesses advantages which ive do not consider him to deserve.) ^Q6vor irai^tii' Trâao»' Ira ci) fiif i^ririouv mria. Herodot. i. 94. The Attic writers use it with an infinitive, in the sense of to endeavour, to strive, to wish (to do something) : Oriii l^qretç rovr' àrairtldeiy lifJ-àç, ùtç tariy ùfuiiwy Trert'u ttKovtov. Aristoph. Plut. 573. 8î^T](rdai, an Ionic verb of the same family as C'uiv, citaOai, to pursue ; hence, to search, search carefulhj, to make enquiry, get information, in Homer and Herodotus: HâvSapov àvri9ioi' Ci!^i]^ii'f) t'mov i^v. Homer uses the word specially in speaking of the diver taking shell-fish: 'Av^p li^e Tr]9ia Si ff^iv i^aiyiro nipfiov tlvai fÀauaOai nporipiii. Od. xiv. 358. 240. 229 \kare6iiv and [j.av fiaOiiv d /i»)K£r' ih]. Eur. l'hœii. 36. 0Ti.peÛ€ii/, fr. arilioç, to follow or look for footmarks ; to track, prop, and fig. : 'O èè Xéiou àel l:>aêi^ei (JvreirTpafx- juitotç rolç TToaiy, èi-ùç àivoKpvKTUv tovç vrvx^aç, 'iva fir] rp«/5Ô/.(fJ'oi r»)i' ÙKf.n)y àTra^i/jXûrw^r/, fii'iTt icaraXinwtni' tiiiro- piav Tulç ari^DivovGU'. Plut, de Solert. Anim. 10. 240. X,vy6v, ov (tÔ), seldom ^v^o; (ô), from ^evyvvai, the yoke; hence, by 240 similitude, this name was given to whatever connected or held together two things : for instance, the beam, at the two ends of which hung the scales of the balance, and, by ext., the whole balance itself. But the use of the words in these senses is later than Homer, being found for the first lime in iEschylus; 2ôf ê' tTrtTrcii' Zvybi' raXâvrov' tL S' dviv a'lQtv QvaToiai TiXtiov tarn' ; Siippl. 819. In later authors it is found for the most part in the plural ^vya: To fi'tv kÛtio p'nrov iv Toiç Çi/yoîç l3apv, to Si avoj KOV(pnv. Plat, de Just. 393, g. [In Sing. PI. {Prot. 350, b ; Tim. 63, b. Rep. 8, 550, e) ; Dem. 1461, 1?. Pseud- Aristot. Quasi. Mech., cap, 1 ; and to ï,vyôv, cap. 2, init.] j^uyooraoixos, ov (6), fr. ^vyoQ and (xraOfxoç, balance, in Plutarch : iM/yrt roj-iiCiofitv tovç iiWovç àaripaç ui(nrep èr i^vyoaradjÀOv ciucpop^ pixpnrraç, h' olç elcri yeyoï'évai towolç. Plut, de Fac. Lun. 15. ^uyoTpuTcinf] , »7ç (»/), from C^yoç and Tpvrâvr], balance, used only by lexicon-writers. 'TtKâ.tnx.y^, yoç (>;), fr. TrXôffffw, scale of the balance: STraprt'oiç ripTr]j.i'ivt)i' irXàdTiyya irpôaQtç. Aristoph. Pac. 1248. '101 vîiv nap- îaTaaOov irapà tij nXâdTiyy'. Aristoph. Rati. 1424. [In Pseud-Arist. Quast. Mech., cap. 2, it is the beam.^ oraGfjios, oïl (ô), fr. 'larrjfxi, prop, weight for the purpose of weighing anything; "Q,(7re raXarra yvm) j^^epviJTiç àXrjdrjç, ij 7f (TTud^of k^^ovcra Kai e'lpioy, àficpiç àréXKti ((ra^îfovcr', ïva ■Traïair àti^-tcc luirrOàr âpr^rai. 11. xii. 432. In later authors, it is more common in the plural neuter : Zuya fiovov ov {tantum non) icoi (rradfjd îj^tuv awaiTa èttùjXei, Dem. in Arist. 784, y. Ace. to Hesychius and Pollux, (rradixôç has also, by ext., been used for balance ; and it may be thus X 230 241. (240) rendered in the following verse of Aristophanes : ToZiroc lilt' XiytTov i\i: Tov ffradfiuv. Arhtoph. Ran. 13S1. . 241. O-ll twvT), t)ç {il), fr. ï,ùvvvni, pirdle for either sex, with this difference, however, that, when used of warriors, Çwri; signifies, in the Iliad, merely tliat part ofthe body where the girdle, called by Homer !^tx>ariip, was worn ; hence the girth, the waist: Kpci'wv ' Ayafii^iywv ôfiftara Kat KKpa\t)v l'icfXoç Ali TioTriKipavvn», 'Apt'i êî l^wrifv, artprov it UouitCciwvt. II. ii. 47f{- In the Odyssey, however, ^o/i'/j is found used for the woman's girdle [it is used of Juno's girdle ; // 14, 181] : Ilfpi fi Ça)'j');v ftâXiT l^vi KaXiir, xpvTeit}y. Oil. v. 231. Hence comes the phrase Xi'fiv c,u)vr]v,to uiiluone the f^irdle of a woman, for marrying her: Avat Ct 7rop0t)'i»/r i^ioytjv. Od. xi. 244. In modern writers Ç(J>'>; is also tised for the belt or girdle of the man, principally that in which travellers put their money: 'Lwyrfv \a\Kovc i\ovaav vvt^wofiivov CitTiiKi TO vôfiKTfia rràv. Plut. Qinest. Conv. ii. 2. [The term modern is indefinite: it occurs in PI. Hipp. Min. 3G8, c ; and (of a soldier's hclt) AVh. Jn. 4, 7, !'>•] I^ojfioi', ov {to), small girdle, and prineipally a woman's girdle, ace. to Anmionius : iMoXtç yap tvuay iy atcij-u to ;wj'(o»'. Aristoph. Lysistr. 72. I^wfia or Coîffjtjri, aro(; (ro), prop, that wliich pirds ; in some pieces of armour of the Homeric ai^e, it was the lower part of the cuirass, covering the belly and the sides of the body, as far as the thighs (see BtJjKi;) : Ovk Iv tcaipif 6iv Triiyij jJîXoç, àXXa nâpoidty flpviraro i^uxiTiip re TciyaioXoç, t)l' vTriyepdty ^w/io re, K-cii f.itTpi)y, r>;r \aXKfitc Kcifioy âyCptç. II. iv. 185. Zw/Kt, further, was the girdle or covering round the loins [subligaculum], which those who ran in the circus used anciently to wear, and which was after- 241. 231 wards ca]lecl Trfp/^wjua : Zû^a ce ol irpwrov TcapaKdl^fiaXty . (241) //. iv. 187. ^coon^p, f/poe (Ô), in the Iliad, a large girdle, which the warriors wore over the cuirass to keep the different parts of it fast, and to cover the belly and reins : Aùr>) c uvt 'idvviv otii i^ioarrfipoc 6\ijec ^(^pvaitoi avre\oy. IL iv. 132. In the Odyssey, the girdle which fastened the robe or tunic : "Oç tliTtjy, i^ioaTijoi dowç avi'itpyt "^iTwva. Od. xiv. 72, Some- times for 4wi'?; : TtKE~LV fiii' ovv A»jrw tovc uroÀcaç èiravda cv (jjaai, Xvaurrdai êè tov i^tiXTTijpa wç Ttt,oi.iivr]r. Patisan. Au. 31,1. AU the translators have improperly rendered ^w(7r{]p by halteus, sword-belt, Avhich is called rtXojuwV in Homer. Çûo-xpov, on (t6). fr. Çw'i'vi'jui, any thing that serves to gird, a girdle: 'HjLiiôyovç Kat (Ipa^av t ci 01 KCÙ tV '0\vjJ.1Ti(f TO TTtpiî^tOjJia EKVI'Tl ■n-fpipviivai, yiôiri wç àvcpôç TTSpisi^oiCTfiÉi'ov Cpajjely pii' iXvauTo Ktarov ifiâvra ttoiki- Xor. II. xiv. 214. In modern writers ttorôç is used sub- stantively with ellipse of i/iâc : Tôv tj/ç 'Hpaç ».a\Xw- ■mfffioi' £t1 TOI' Aia, n'ai rijy Trfct Toy k'torôr yo^rtm»'. Plut, de aud. Poet. 4. Hence the use of the word cestos or cestus by Latin poets of the middle ages, in the sense of ^w»'/;, girdle. Virgil has also Latinized it under the form of cestus, us, using it for the cestus of the boxer. The ancient grammarians quoted by Vossius derive the word from ccedere, whence the majority of editors have written it improperly ccestus [cœstus, Wagner]. fiÎTpa. nç (»'/), fr. fiîrnç, thread, prop, what is woven of thread or cloth of thread. In the Iliad, it is a sort of defensive band, which the warriors carried under the l^ùifia below the cuirass ; it was formed of cloth of wool, covered over with sheets of brass or iron, and reaching down upon the thighs: 'E^ipeiat ci IlaXXàç Wdiiir] reinror îç «itiira, oOi iov, ov {to), fr. aTp6T)p, whence the Latin fera ; beast, principally wild beast, in Homer, speaking of the lion and the wolf: Qi]p'oQ cuovo-ajTfc Kpa-tpoippovoc, oars Kud' vXi]v 'ip^ijTui CL opeacpi. II. X. 184. B-f]piov, ov (to), diminutive of the preceding word, but only in form, and it is used as synonymous with it in verse, and more frequently in prose; I. game, beast that is hunted: 'A/\/\' ))i' £/.(£ iKiïé^in^ç £7rt di)paj' avv rJ dt'iw, rojuiw btra av 'icw Orjola ai jaol -avra rpt'^ftv. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 5. 2. Beast, brute, in opp. to ar^puiroç : 'O ce ju?) hwâ^troç koivuji'e'iv 7} i.n]Cey ctof.ievoç IC avTi'ipKEiav, ovOev [.lépoç irôXeioç, wore ^ éijploi' 7) dtoç. Aristot. Pol. i. 2. Seldom in the diminu- X 3 234 243. (242) live sense ; Theocritus, however, uses it of the bee : "Orri yt rvrdoy drjpiov iiTi fiiXiaffu. Theocr. xix. G. KcwSaXov, ov iju) fr. Kuiiv and aXc, ace. to Eustathius, prop, sea-monster, and, by ext., used of every otlu-r kind of ferocious or dangerous beast : KrwcaV ua ii^riiiioç nuWà T()i(j)ii l'icè OûXuaaa. llesiod. Theog. 582. [Cf. 24 I. Re- lated to KLvtiv, but liaving nothing to do with d\c : it is applied to gnats, serpents, &c. in later writers in prose. PL Ax. 365, c, of trorms.] KTTJvoç, foç {to), acc. to the Etymologicum Magnum, from KTiiu), to kill, because under this name every kind of beast was comprehended that was killed for sacrifice, or for food; or better from kt/w^ui, because the principal riches of all nomad tribe consisted in beasts ; cattle, seldom in the sin- gular, and then in a collective sense : Kai o'vcèy 7)1 Xajjûy el fii) VÇ kai j:)oïiç, f/ ciXXo n k-j/i oç rù ttvo ciuirupcvyùç. Xen. Anah. V. 2, 3. More frequently in the plural, K-iina, beasts: Tact t^-t'iti] ttcuth \iAa» t) coy lrptai rf^tkvjui'çt KÛ^i' îlidii^e raîiitoy, àypioy TÉpaç. Eur. Ilipp. 1214. ii-noïfùyiov, ov {rô), fr. 4ûyoi', prop, beast under the yoke, or harnessed ; draught-beast, beast of burden : ^\oXaiay yap inowiiyTO Ti)y iropclay ttoXXci orra ra vTzoi^iiyia. Xen, Anab. iv. 1, 10. <{>opp(is, nêoç ()'/), at pasture, out at grass, in opp. to rpo- (pinr, ov, kept up in the stable [of oxen, stall-fed. Plut. A'lmil. 33] : Tiii»' è' ïmrvjy al fjiv (jjopjiàctç àyoaoi rùy aXXuyy ùppMffTTjnârdty ùai ttXi)»- irocâypaç. Aristot. Hist. An. viii. 24. H. 243. 243 T), is very frequently used by Homer for t^r;, in the third person only, with tliis diflercnce, that ?] is placed at the head of the sentence: 11, ka\ kvayiyai.y iv' ôfpvai yiiiae 244. 285 Kpoj't'w)'. II. i. 538. The three persons, 7]r, 7]ç, 7j, are (243) also of constant use in Attic prose in fomiliar conversation ; Plato uses them often in his dialogues with a demonstrative pronoun, but always after the discourse has begun : 'H koX êv> ataO' âr, ?'/ o' 6ç, Trùfrai /.u) ÙKovoiTctç', Plat. Pol. i. 327 C. In general there is a marked use of i) in animated dialogue, in interruptions, and repetitions. €aaKo>', Ionic and Attic form of ifn, implying at the same time affirmation, / declared, I affirmed ; aieham : 'AXAct fx" ï^atTKEç 'Aj^tAX/Joc Oeloio Kovpicir^v aXo^ov drjaeiy. II. xix. 297. t\r\aa., first aorist, and scarcely in use : it is found neither in Homer, nor the Attic writers. Pindar uses it, with the same notion of affirmation that tcpaaKoi' has, under the Doric form ^âiT£ : Tov i'^^^dporaToy àaé viv cwaEiv fÀopoy. Pind. Nem. i. 99. 244. ■^XîGioç (Ô, »/), fr. >;X£Ôe, foolish, stupid : Tovg yap toi 244 pa\p'/ TroXif). Xen. An. 3, 4, 12.] coi^Otjs (Ô, »/), good, simple man, simple-hearted, simple- minded : Ey>j9£ç iér] tiiai to (UETdui .... Xen. fliem. iv. 2,2. 6i]piov, ov {to), beast, animal, fig. : 'i2 cii\6raTor trv dijpior. Aristoph. Plut. 439. K£Tr4>oç, av (Ô), a sea-bird, which, according to the Scholiast on Aristoplianes, fed upon the foam of the sea, and which children easily caught with foam ; hence, fig., booby, noddy, blockhead, in Aristophanes : Où yop iroofriiKEi Tt)i' ifiavTov f^ioi TToXiv tvepyETE'ii', w K£7r<^£ ; Aristoph. Plut. 91"2. Kt'ûSaXoi', ov {to), beast, with the idea of viciousness rather than stupidity associated with it, evil, mischievous beast: 'Si Zf.G, ri ttote ■^(^ùiiaofuHn To'tcrce to'iç viwrtiAoic; Aristoph. Lys. 477. [Cf. 243.] fidraioç, oui (/ui-»;i'), vain ; hence, fig., cmjtty-headed fellow, ass, in Lucian : Ota h j^aTmoç (tcElroç èkuiei, Luc. Merc. Cond. 14. aKaiô; (ô, »'/), unknowing, awkward, unmannerly, answers exactly to the French gauche, prop, and fig. : Kyit yap où)( oÎto» ci]Trov ai^ttwç, eI^u iiyOiKn~0(: ovt' aXoyiaror, ware .... Dem. in JJœot. 996. 245. 24.') W^P*^! "C ('/)> •'^"'1 poet. ^fAop, O70C {to), fr. ijpEpoç, in llnimr, day, in opp, to niglit ; dies: 'A.Wn kviuç fity u\(i\k£ A(«c f^uyfir/jfj 'Aipoi'iiTij >//(((rc« ».(i( «iiKTtu. //. xxiii. 18(). More frequently for the civil day, the number of hour.s called a day, in the division of time: 'AW orE dt) fif/yÉc TE K(ù liftipai ÈÎ,ETE\EvyTo. Od. xi. 293. Very seldom 246. 237 the light of the day : 'Ettei ^£ iijiipa vTrefaivero. Xen. Cyrop. (245) iv. 5, 14. aviyn. tjç (>/), fr. c'uo, bright light of the sun or of a fire: 'AfKpl Sk Xa^nàç tKâfiTTtTO iiKikoç aî/yp f; Trvpôg aldofikvoio, f; rfikiov àviôvTOQ. 11. xxii. 134. lojç, eu) (f/), Ionic t]ojç, the bright light which precedes the rising of the sun, personified by the poets under the name of Aurora, whose genealogy is thus given by Hesiod: Qeia ^' ijiXioi' TE jAiyay, XcifjTrpdy T£ aeXijryjv, yijj 6' >/ tto'v- Teffcnf liri-^doi'ioKn (paeivEi ytivaTO. Theog. 371. •^Xioi, (3)1' {o'l), plural of {j\toç, suns. It is found in Eu- ripides, used for days: 'KXlovç êè [xvplovç ^oyiç êteXdojv. Eur. Helen. 660. The Latins have used soles in the same sense : Cahtando puerum memiai me condere soles. Virg. Eel. ix. 52. <^dos, £oe (rô), light of day, for the civil dnii, even in the tragic writers : Kptvfi (jiâoç to n'tWov. Eur. Phœn. 1326. <()ws, (pwTÔç {t6), contracted from (pàoç, and used in prose, light of the day, day, in opp. to night : 'ETrtt ce fwç iyiitTO. Xen. An. vi. 3, 1. <})aGo-iç, fû;ç (>/), action of giving light, of shining, in the Sept. ; lucentia : Kat è'crrwcrav eiç (pavaiv iv 7w «rrepfw/iart Tov ovpavov. Genes, i. 15. ^éyyQ, »'/), ace. to some, from vf-tai, ace. to others from I'/i^o, quiet, not making any nuise. Ace. to some grammarians it is in the neuter, taken adverbially in this passage of the Iliad : 'Wnvyioy I' apa fiiy iroXif.iov iKirtf-iTTf. t ieuBai. II. xxi. .'iOS. Opposed to Tn\vç in Plato, staid, leisurely, quiet : H ovca/joû ///'«»' »/ toi i» -ou ôXtya- ■^tiv m Ijcrij-^^iai npûEttç ty rw /xw KctWiovç eipuitjaay f; ai Tavelai te K(ii iffy^vnai. Plat. Charm. 160, d. ■qcrvxaîoç, nia, aiul T](rûx'-H''°^' ''' poctic : ' Aovy^iyiov t'ifiîoay ÔTore TiXfvrdnufuy. Piiid. Olyiiip. ii. 58. âKV|xos (ô, »'/), synonyme of the preceding word: Aiôf ô Tralç fio- ■)(Qi)tjaç TÙy ÛKV^ioy OtjKH' /îj'oroi' (iporolç. Etir. Here. fur. 68!J. àKujjiwk' (ô, »'/), fr. Kufia, that ivhich is vnthout wave or billow; hence calm, tranquil, prop, and fig.: H ycip 0â- Xaarra tvdvç akv/jujy iyiitrn. Lucian. i. 326. àKVfiavToç fô, »'/), fr. Kvpaivtt), not tossed hy waves, or as the waves nre : NT'i' c' av v^a/JaSoiç Itt' àKiipâvrotç TTwXaii' îpaani. Eur. Hipp. 2li5. Ilcnco, fi};., trani/iiil : Atà irdanc J/Xiriaç ^\niiv Kai aKVftai'roc rr]ç J'l'X'/C iriinjfua ti)v etdOitriv. Si/iies. Ep. 194, a. àp,épip,k09 (ô, »'/), fr. fitpif.tyu, without care, without trouble: "Ex««c y'tjuoy ; ovt: àfiipifiyuç ttratm. Anthol. i. 13, 3. 'Yjuâ<; àntpif^iyovç Tran'irro^uf. X. T. Matlh. xxviii. 11. In Sophocles ail the commentators [not all. lîerm. adopts ô fn) t^wy /a'pi/jiar (.fit (ppoirifa tor t'/), not npitatcd, as the sea is, (\j;., in Euripides: Kai TO (/(oortîr àactXn'TÔy Ti pivii Kai avi'i\ii cilt^ara. Eur. Bacch. 390. &Tpcfxi)9 (Ô. >)). and àrpcfiaios, aia, fr. a and Tpipw, that ithich doe» not tie mille, irhirh does tint stir, iint nuitated. 'Arpipi^ç is only found in llonicr umiiT the adverbial form àrpipaç. or àrpifia before a conso- nant : 'Arpifiaç ijoo. It. ii. 200. It i/)'?j, calm, speaking of the sea : Kfit yptlç, il) rpÎTioPEç, cuiTTondi-ieiKTaTe rffv A;j-u> kç avTt'iy, cnt yaXTji'U âiruv-a ïaru). Luc. Dial. Alar. x. Euripides uses it fig., gentle: Ilplv fxèv tlç ^éi-ovg ya\>ji'ûe i)(Tda icat (piXoïKrlpf^ujy àei. Iph, Taur. 345. eKT|Xos (ô, >'/), and Epie evKtiXoSi has probably a common origin with (xwv., which is derived from 'ixis), Ionic for t'xw, 07ie tvho acts at his own will, one who does a tiling quietly : "Eirtira Cs Kai rà è'/cryXoi veKpo{)ç àfiTTiêioi' avKî](JiTt TiQviiwTctç. II. vi. 70. Speaking of the sea, in Hesiod, tranquil : Tijuot; S' tvKpivitç avpai Kal ttÔvtoç àirr}- jiuv ivKijXoç. Hesiod. Oper. 668. cvSios (Ô, j;), fr. ev and Aiôç, genitive of Ztuc, serene, calm, speak- ing of the weatlier: 'Ek S' 'Açktoi t' i^dvriffav, "Oviov r àvà jxîaaev fSfÛTVi}, ai]p.aivoi(3a rà Trpbç irXôov tvBia ■KcLvra. Theocr. Id. xxii. 19. T]pe|i.oc (ô, )'/), and ripefjiaîoç, aia, tranquil, quiet; the first is only found in the comparative : Kai o'iye arBodJiroi ùjtjav- Tiijç i]aEj.ieaTtpoi yiyvorrai, (i-i.piaKÔ[j.troL ravrrjc rrjç ettj- dvfiiac. Xen. Cyr. vii. 5, 63. It is used also in the plural neuter, as an adverb : "E^^e i)pé]j.a. Plat. Crat. 399, e. Kai ôç ÙKovaciç iyéXatré re iipi^xa Kai cpiqm. Plat. Phced. 84, d. 'Ei' w [/3/w] oXiya eKcirepa kui (TfxtKpà kuI I'lpEfxala. Plat. Legg. v. 733, c. 248. TJX'H. '7c ('/)> fi"- ôx;w, sound, noise, principally reflected or repeated 248 sound; in Homer, noise of the cries of combatants, or of the tossing of waves : 'Hj^j) ô' àfKpor'ipijjv "ikit aiôkpa. II. xiii. 837- TJxos. ov (Ô), more modern form, and nsed by some prose writers: Toîoç yap Ùtt' âcTTrtêoç ïjSpax^v r/xoç. Callim. in Del. 140. TJXw, vx''>oc (>'/), form less ancient than //X'/» ^^à is more specially used of the repetition of sound reflected by a foreign body, ECHO : ni-pac ôptiaç ttuIç XéXctK àià arparov J/x*^, hicoîicra dâpvjiuv. Eut. Hec. 1099. The echo personified by the poets under the figure of a nymph of the moun- tains : Moi»)?^ 3' »/i£juo£(7(To, jf^olp' àcicciKTOç iovaa, 'lêaliov opitov cn'Tidpooç 'icf^ti' 'H-^iti. Coluth. 116. apaPos, ov (Ô), fr. apdaatx), sharp and loud sound produced by the collision of two bodies, chattering of the teeth caused by terrour, in Homer : 'Apa(3oç êi ëià arôfia yivtT àêôvTwv. IL x. 375. 2-10 248. (248) pôpPoç, ov {!)), word formed by onomatopy; Homer only uses the verb /jo/i/îtw, which expresses the noise made by a helmet of brass falling on the ground (//. xiii. 530), by a stone flying in the air. The substantive is found only in authors posterior to Homer, buzzing or humming sound, deep dull sound, murmuring of the waves : Mauo/itm»»' podiiijy iro\v)i')(_ea /i<)^/3o»' àt:ovu)y. Musce, 242. Ppofioç, ov (Ô), fr. ftpîfjiu), 1. agitated noise, roaring, crack- ling, specially used of fire, in Homer: Ovre irvpùç TÔaaoç ■ye TTÎXtL /îpo/ioc aWofiiioio, ovptoç if loliffarjç. IL xiv. 396. Homer uses the word ijoi/jtw, in speaking of waves (//. ii. 210). 2. Sound of wind instruments, in the Homeric hymns: Kot Ifiepôuç (ipôfxoç a{j\ûii\ Horn. Jli/mn. Merc. 451. 3. Sound of the wind, in Aristotle: ¥jl\T]tiiy èè Trytvfta ly yioti na-^i'i re Kcii tOTepu), .... IJnufioy *:at Trarayoy ùirtipyàauro fiîyay. Aristot. de iSIund. 4, 17. SoÛTTos, ov (Ô), word formed by onomatopy, or, ace. to others, of the same family as tv-tw, noise of a falling body, particuhirly of a fall of water : 'iîç t' vn •^diiappui vorafjoi K(tT iniafi fjtoy'iç, éç ^layàyKtiay avj.ipii\\troy ojopi^oy vèwp .... Tù)y êi T( Tri\i)(7(. cuînroy iy ovoiaiy tt;\ve. T7uif.tify. II. iv. 452. KaKoxT. m (»/), sound repeated with clatter, chattering of the teeth striking one against the other, noise of the gallop of mules, of brass struck, in Homer: Uipi uporo^otat <^aiiyii TviiXtjt, ImWofiiyt] Ka»'«j^()>' f\€. H- xvi. 105. K(ip.iros, ov (Ô), fr. roffrw, noise of two bodies striking together, as tlie tiisks of llie boar, in I lie Iliad : 'Trai Ct Tt kô^ttoç ô^oyrojv yiyerai. //. xi. 'IIT- III 'lie Odyssey, the noise of dancers' steps: 'HpxtioSiiy Ct) 'jTura TTori x^o»'' • • • • woXî'f «5' vttù KÔftiroç 6paiptt. Od. viii.3}10. KiSva^os, 01» (0), fr. kÔttto), sound of a thing when split or broken, ace. to Kiisiathiiis : KaKOC KoyaiSoç Kara vi^iaç ôpw'pct dvCpwy 6\\v- fiîywy, vtjwy Q' lifia dyyvfiiydwv. Od. x. 12*2. KpoTos, ov (Ô), fr. Kpoviii, noise made, the shock of two bodies driven one against the other; hence, principally, clapping of the hands, applauding : Kcù Kporoy ■)(^iipù)y TToXijy. Aristoph. Ran. \.û . [.Also in prose. j KTViros. 01' (Ô), fr. ri'Trro», noise of steps, in Homer: 'Yttci t'i ktvitoç tûovf ro TTocrffi»' dvlpuv. Jl. xix. 'Sit'2. 248. 241 èpVfJ.a'YSoç, où (ô). Grammarians derive tiiis word from àpvaffw, for (248) dpdaaw ; iri Moiiier, tiie noise of a river that lias overflowed its banks, and is carrying rocks along with it, and rooting up trees ; of two armies engaged, tuimdtuous noise of the mass, or ot the cries of the combat- ants ; in general, great noise, tiproar : 'Ek 5' laavro Xaôç, iri^oi 0' iTrntjsç re' ttoXvç ë' àpvixaySàç àpwpti. II. ii. 810. oToPos, 01» (ô),a word formed, ace. to the scholiast on Sophocles, from bjTÙii' fSor), but better referred to onomatopy, 7inise of waves in a storm ; ^-ortr/'w^f of tluindtr, in Hesiod, &c. : "Oto/3oç ë' ânXrjroç èpojpii. Tlieog. 709. It is also found used for the sound of instruments, in Sopho- cles: OvTt yXvKvv avXùv 6roj3ov. Soph. /!j.\22\. [Pape compares the Germ, toben. In prose, Zuc.j TraTayos, ov (ô), fr. TraTÛrrtju), I . noise of two bodies striking against each other, chattering of teeth, in Homer: ETaVayoç ci re yii er oêàirwv. II. xiii. 283. 2. Noise, in general: "Eôtor t^cj, fjorj te kuï Trarâyu) xptoifieroi. Herodot. iii. 79. iriTvXos, oD (Ô), fr. TTiTrrw, or, ace. to others, for tvitiXoç, from rvTTTw, nuise produced by a repeated or measured motion, as that of oars: Kai ixr)v vhÔq yt TvirvXoç ivr]pr\ç irâpa. Eur. Iph. T. 1050. Noise, plash of a liquid falling drop by drop, clang or clashing of arms, clatter of repeated blows. /Eschylus, by a bold and beautiful figure, uses this word to express the blows struck on the breast in sign of grief (Theb. 860); and Euripides, exaggerating the metaphor, applies it to a torrent of tears {Hippol. 14G4). [I'robably onomatop. L. and S. — Pape suggests a relationship to itriaadj or tzLtvç.^ <{>Xoîo-poç, ow (Ô), prop, noise of waters, roaring of waves, as is plain from the epithet 7Co\v(pXoi(j(ioç, whicii Homer gives to the sea {II. i. 34); hence, by ext., tumult of battle: ' AXX' àytr îk (j)Xoi(TJ3oio aaûaoptv ioQXbv kraipov. II. v. 469. «|/o(j)os, ov (Ô), 1. noise resulting from the shock of two dry bodies, more generally noise : '"H iziaovaa \p6({)oy iTrolrjcrE. Time. iii. 22. 2. Sound produced by the friction of the air, m Aristotle : O yap \p6(poç, rpl\pLç toû Ïgoi Tri'tu^arôc kariv. Aristot. Hist. An. iv. 9. [The -où î'o-w irv. relates to inseets only. Aristotle there distinguishes between (pioi'i), any soun'd produced by the throat; {fpapvyt,); êiâXEKroç, arti- culate speech; \^oôoe any noise or sound ; in the case of insects, as made in any way ; by the friction of the air inside their bodies, the friction of the long hind legs of the locust, &c.] 242 249, 250. e. 249. 219 ôaXâfiT), Tjc (»'/), anfl more commonly in the plural ôaXâ- fitti, beds, haunts, principally of fishes, and of shell-fish : Nt/ioiTfu ct 01 Ki'ipdjMH tU t)^ducin Oqpivofreç Trapu ràç OaXâfiiii' t:a\ yap kv rolç TreXûyeaiy kuI it- rolç Toiovrotç yîtop-iti ToTTOir, oioi' ar w(Ti Tpa■)^^£'lç Kui Xidwêt'iç' ir TOiov- Toiç yap TTOiovv-ai ràç OaXâfiaç. Aristot. Hist. An. viii. 4. IXcéç, où (ô), fr. f JAt'w, hole of a reptile, of a serpent : 'IXfoi', ovK fHk)]aiy. Theocr. Id. xv. 9. [And under the form tWvoc in Ken. Cyr. 5, 16, of hiding places to which hares run when frightened by dogs.] îXuoç, ov (Ô), another form of the preceding word, in Cal- limachus: 'IXvovç ijJctXoyro KtrwTraru. Callim. in Jov. 25. KoiTT), rjç (//), bed, seldom bird's nest, in Euripides : Aei- TTOvai TTTijroi Unuiuaov Koirac. Eur. Ion. 155. KoiTaîof, ov {to), bed (or nest), speaking of that of the hedge-hog : To ^i Koira'ior avrwr ôiraç tj^tt cvo, r»)r fitf vpôç toToy, T})i' ^£ -pnç jjoppûr /îXf'-oi/crar. Plut, de Solert. An. 10. ((xoXeôs, oil (ô), cave, den of a wild beast, of the bear: "Q.(nTtp dpi^Twy (j)ijj\tolç )/ j^fioTç fpcivorrwr j/ fiV)^o'iç k'»;-»!»»', Tolc TÛiy Otûiy fjeyûpoiç i; ùyaKTÔr.oiç Trpoainyreç. Plut, de Svpc7-st. 9. [Also in Aristot. it is especially the den, hole, &c. where they take their winter-sleep, ^wXoûfft.] XCiâ. âç (»';). crevice, hole, specially of serpents: 'EXiffaôfitvoç Tréoî X'Mj/. //. xxii. 95. 250. 250 6âXa(T<7a, >;c (»'/). ace. to some from iiXXof.iai, ace. to others from aXç, or adXoç, the sea, in general : 'Apyt'ioi ^fu^orrwi fV tvpta J àiro i)uXà'/), fr. liXç (ô), sait, ace. to the ninjority of Rranininrians, who consider this nieaiiiii); as the most anciriU ; hut, although ihc pro- curing salt t'roin sea-water has heen known iVom tlie remotest antiquity, it seems more natural to suppose the original meaning of the word to have been that of sea; in the Iliad and the Odyssey, as often as Bà- Xairaa, the salt-u-avf, the britiy-wave, the sea; sal: NT/a fitXatvav Ipv/Taofny itç âXn Cla%'. II. i. HI. XaÎTp.a (rû), wiili àXôç, gulf, abyss of the sea: Thv fiiv TaXOv^ioç 250. 243 TToAu'/c à\àç iç /«fya Xaïrfia pixp'. II. xix. 267. Sometimes alone in (250) the Odyssey, and later poets: 'StjuTt Oo^aiv Toiyt TmroiBÔTiç ÙKeiyatv, Xalr/ja fiiy' èKirêpôwffi. Od. vii. 35. XifjiVT], ;jç (>'/), arc. to Eustathiiis, from Xi'ai' /.tfi'tiv, to stay ever; but better, ace. to others, froin \tii3eiv: stagnant water, lake, marsh; in Homer and the tragic writers, for the sea: "Ev^ops /.itiXavi Trôvry, iTTitTTovcixij'^i ^È Xifivrj. IL xxiv. 79. oIS|jia, aroç (ro), fr. olêéw, prop., sivelling ; hence, wave, billow: 01 S' âvtfiot Trâ\iv avnç îjiav oJKÔvSt vhaOai OpijiKiov Kara ttovtov 6 c' tcTTei'tv olêfiari Ovmv. 11. xxiii. 230. TreXayoç, eoç (rô), formed from TrXcit,, prop, the surface of the sea, the more open and extended part of the sea, the main ; in the poets, the watery plain; answers to œquor, in Latin : Nû»' o' àXoç kr TrtXây£a(n Bcwr iiijJifXoçE rififjç. Od. v. 335. In prose it is used to signify a portion of the sea, a par- ticular sea : 'Piovda ^' // OûXarra (pairerai karà tciç arevô- TTjraç eitrov Oià Ti]v nepiiyovaav yfjv eiç jiiKpiv èi; j-ieyciXov avv(i-/£-ai ireXâyovç. Aristot. Meteor, ii. 1. irôrros, ov (ô), ace. to the grammarians, froin irviu) or from TTÔvoç, but it is more probable that it is of the same family as ftivdoç and jSvOoc, prop, bottom, principally of the sea, with àXoç or daXaaarjc, and sometimes alone (//. ii. 210), ffulfi abyss of the sea; hence, the deep sea, in the poets, ahum et pontus : Ovcé jxiv kcrx^v ttÔitoç àXùç TroXiijç, o TToXiac àÉKovTuç èiwtcEi. II. xxi. 59. In a geographical sense, particularly in prose, ttÔitoc is used with a local adjective, to denote a particular sea, as Uôt-oc "Aûiroc, in Pindar {Pyth. iv. 362), literally, the inhospitable sea, after- wards called, antiphrastically, nôiroç Eî/£tt»'oç, the Euxine (hospitable) Sea, now the Black Sea. Ilcii'-oe alone is found in this sense in Herodotus: 'Eoîktciv ouein'jp' re ywoi^v kui Trnoi^sLpéiyji' to tç îlôvroy, rij-teraL to Tuvpiicùy ïdtoç. Herodol. iv. 99. VYpT). î]ç (y'l), feminine of the adjective vypôç, wet, liquid, is some- times used alone l)y the poets with ellipse of the substantive for QdXacraa, in opp to ï,>]oâ, or rpaira cÙovq QnruTdv <^i;yot. Theogn. 7-7. SaîfAw»', ovoQ (o), destiny, fate, for death, in Homer: Ilâpoe TOI cai^otn cûxru). II. viii. 166. Ki^p.pôç (>'/), in the Iliad, thepersonificationof violent death, an inferior deiiy that ever accompanies the man predestined >o to die; falf, some- times for denlh itself: Kf/pa ê' iyù Ton c'l^ofiai ômrÔTt ictr ^>) Ztiç tOtXy TtXtaat. Jl. xviii. 115. fjioîpa, aç (»/), prop, part; hence, destiny personified, Parca, with the implied idea of death, in several passages in the poets : 'AWâ ê Mo7p' kcû^atrat. II. xviii. 1 U). [In prose /a (Ô), fr. o'liii, to carry, that which is borne or submitted to, iti'ttiin/, by euphemism for iti-ath : "Oç fioi KaXd top olrov dnÔTfiov •/rcùcoç îvtmriç. Jl. xxiv. 388. oXcdpos. ou (Ô), loss, di'ath : 'H r«c ' Axaiwv pi\p(i x^^P^Ç Aiôv dirb irî'itynv, Xuypov ôXiOpov. Jl. xxiv. 735. ■troTuoç, ov (Ô), (icsliuy, sometimes death, in ihc poets posterior to Hoiiier: ^ihirùrpov' Api/ç îpiKn'. J'itid. Jstlim. vi. 35. TcXconî, ^c (//), end, with and even without j^wv, end of life : A>/\oi' on iitcrmi fiot rij TtXevrij -^nrjadtti, i] p<,ifTrt} ^ùi' vno Twy rovTov iKififXtidn'Tuir KtupiTui. Xen. Àpol. i. 7. <|>8opti, ûc (»/). loss, destruction, in consequence of a scourge, such as the plague: Ovci /j' rov jJiXTiovoc êoù^uv pj) (jtol^e'iadai ^lci Opàcroç, tovt avTO £(771 irytcov if irorripà àvaia^wria. Legg. iii. 701, b. It is not till very much later, that this use of the word obtains distinctly. Thus Plutarch contrasts the two forms ddpaoq and dpdaoç : Mm yap ànupia koX dpdaoç ytpy^, Kni ddpaoç à(j>aipe'irai. Plut. Compar. Pericl. et Fab. 0apo-aXe6TT]ç, j]toç (//), daring disposition ; hence, bold- ness, in Plutarch : 'O Alfjikiciç ôpdwç Xoyi^ôfjLtvoç àr^piaç ecu dapauXeoTriroç àrdpunzoïç ov Trpoç ÔttXov kuI aaplaauç ■yjpïfair Eitai fjôtop, àWd .... Plut. JEmil. 36. 6pa(ruTT|s, 7J70C (>/), fr. dpaavç, character of boldness, of Y 3 246 253, 254. (252) assurance : Aéoi' ây £t>; tÙ fiiXiT^r ùç i/uffra that ùiat- a^viTiivç TE t:ai dnnavTTjToç ye^or-aç, ^o/3(poùç lè tlç rô ri ToXfJ^y ekatrrort Xe'yf tr f/ trâtr^tty f/ kuI cni^v aia^/jor vrtnîiy. Plat. Legy. i. 649, c. ÎTafioTTjs, r)Toç (»/), fr. (Va^ôç, character of the rash, the daring nuin ; hence, during, in a good sense : Auii.tvTT}Toç ce Kat Ttroç trn^ôrTjroç 6t,ti(iç K(ù TToakTtkJ/C irct'trai. Plat. Polit. 311, a. It may be rendered by temerity, recklessness, in the following passage of Plutarch : Kai -j/r TtXioviiiav avTov Kui rtju ira^6rr}Ta cat Ouâaoç ûpâiyrtç. Plut Nie. 2. Irafiia, aç (//), pride, presumption, in the Sept. : 'l-nfila Kapciciç aov. Jerem. xlix. 15. Xafxupia, aç (i/), fr. X«/nwp(!ç, impudence : 'Ei lot coKuvaiv ctiXiciç Ka'i i^aXciKiaç Ùttiotcitu) riOiadiii Toy rpùiroy, âr ty- yiara (pah (oyrui Xayuuo/aç Kul doacrvrrjroç. Plut, de Adulât, et Am. Discr. 25. 253. 253 ôaufidj^eiv {^dav^it), prop, to see with astonishment, to be astonished : 'lifiûç ^' kerraôrtç Bavuûi^oiuiy o'toy iTV')(i)ij. II. ii. 320. According to the grammarians, this verh used 1. with a genitive, conveys the notion of blame, reprimand, so we use admire ironically : ToD-o niy itpuiToy tidv/'fU'w MfXtVov o-w irn-i yyovç Xtytt. Xeti. Apol. 11. 2. AVith the accusative, it signifies admire, in the sense of praising : Errt fity Toiyvy inwy Troiiiati''Opi]poy tywyi fiàXiara riOuv- l^uiKd. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 2. &ricfaa^a\., to admire: llûira piy ravTn dnvpni^w iiri rip KnXXci, -iruXii et fuâXXov uyafini rvii Karnfiirpt)aayrôç aoi kui cinT('iSnyroç. Xen. Œcon. 4, 21. Oafx^civ, lo be surprisid, astonished : Qâ^fiqiXfv ?' 'A\iXn'iç. II. i. lui». ri6r]tra, pcrfi'ct «fa ilcfcclive verb, to he sliipified, someiinics in con- scuiiL'Mci' ol liiglit : Ov^ôç fiKi ly'i ari'iOtaai riOiiTrir. 0(/. xxiii. 103. 254. 2")4 ôeofAttxîa, nç (>'/), combat of the gods themselves one with anotliiT : K<ù Utopu\iuç ucraç 'Oprjpuç iztTToii^Kir. Plat, Pol. ii. 378, d. 255. 247 Oetifiaxia. or ({]), combat against a god, according to Am- (254) moniiis ; an opinion, however, which lias no other authority for it. 255. 0eôç, oïl (('), »'/), god, goddess ; Homer and the poets use 255 also the feminine did, goddess : Avtik èyù) TTfjwroe iceAo/^rj)' deov iXâfji^Eadni. II. il. 38G. In Plato, in the singular, 6 Qeoc, God, the Supreme Being : Uapà tw Qem uv-t] tarlv 7/ àkp//îiffrd-rj ceaTroreia, /cat avrr) rj UKpipeaTarrj en-torj/ju?;. Plat. Parmen. 134, d. ôeîoc, ov (ro), neuter of dfwç, prop, that ivhich is divine, the Divinity, divine Providence : IVwa/j to Otloy, on togov- Tov KCÙ TowvTov luTi, didO âjuci Tvui'Ta oo^»', Kot TvavTa àkouEii', Kcd 7ra»'7ai^oû Trapeïrai, /cat âjuia ivavTiov (.Tni-itXti- adui. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 18. àOavaToç (ô, -q), immortal ; the poets frequently use it in the plural, the word Qtoi being understood, for the immvrtal gods : Mai'wv A'tfiovi- St]ç tTritiKtXoç à9avâroi(nv. II. iv. 394. Saîp.cj»', oroç (ô), fr. è aï] ^iiyr, having knowledge, or, accord- ing to others, fr. cniu), to distribute : the supreme intel- ligence which governs the vi^orld, 1, Providence, Destiny, in Homer: Et^fk-f caifiMv âfufxe huKphrj. II. vii. 291. 2. In a more precise sense, sometimes for 6i6ç, in Homer : 'H c' OvXupTTÔj'^e flejh'jKEi ewfiar kç aiyw\oio Aioc, fxsTà laiidoiaç âWovç. II. i. 221- 3. In Plato, genius, or inter- mediate divinity between the gods and men, or a kind of guardian angel attached to each man from his birth to his death ; it is the name which he gives to love : Tt ovp av EiT} (j"Epwç ; dyrjTÔç; "H/vtora ye. 'AXAo ri fxi'iv, "Q^axep T(i irpôrepu fjera^v dtrirov Ktil àdarârov. Tt ovv ; Aaifi(i)v fxiyaç' kc-i ycip iràv to hainoinov /jetciEv eoti deuv te /cat drr^-ov. Plat. Conv. 202, c. 4. In the N. T., the evil spirit, the Devil, demon : Kat Ziappiiaaiov to. cEUfic'i, y'jXav- VETO VTTO TOX) êuifÀOVOi: EIÇ TCIÇ Èçîj^OVQ. LuC. viii. 29. Saifjiocioi', ov (jo), neuter of haifxôvioç, taken substan- tively, that -which is of the divine nature ; that which is divine, divinity ; expresses something more vague than êaif-nûi'. In a special sense, but one, in fact, equally vague, it is used by Plato and Xenophon of the genius or familiar 248 255. (255) demon, by whom Socrates professed to be inspired, and •whose voice directed all his actions : 'II yap e'ludvld p.oi fxavriKt) >'/ TOÏ) CdifÀOiuiv, tv ^iv tÛ irooaOiy ^pocw nafri Trail; ■kvkvi] at* l\v. Plat. Apol. Socrat. 31. Xenophon uses it in the sense of ô 0£Ôc, as well as Plato : Atïw ^k Trpwrny à non avruv ifi^ovfTa 7r£(jt rov caifxutivv hdXtyofifyov Trpoc 'Apiar('icr]fxoy. Xcn. Mem. i. 4, 2. In the X. T. it is the name of the false gods of the Heathen, in opp. to the true God ; sometimes devils : 'EitXôorra ci rà cai/^iôyia ÙkÙ TOÏ) àrdfJbJTTOv, eiaijXdiy e'tç tovç •)^oipovç. N. T. Luc. viii. 33. KpeiTTOJi', oroç (ô), fr. Kpâroç, prop, stronger ; hence, better. The plural, o'l KpetTxok'es, is sometimes used by the Attic writers for o'l Otoi, the gods: Tû^' oZv âr k«t aoi tic 0VT0Ç TÙv Kpitrrùvwr awinoiro. Plat. Soph. 216, b. p,âKap, apoç (ô, >)), fr. ixaKoôç, according to Aristotle, a more rea- sonable clyiTiolojçy tiian that of Eustathius, who derives tlie word from à fit} Ktipl inroKtifitvoç : one who is not subject to death ; henre, fin- mortal, in opp. to Qt>i]TÔç, and tlie epithet of the gods, in Homer and the poets: in tiie Odyssey and in Pindar it is taken substantively with ellipse of 0tot : 'AXXà KtKiadai fiiv fiaKapi^v j-iiyav uokov ôftôaaai. 0(1. X. 29y. èXvpLirios (ô, >'/), fr. 'OXvfiTzoç, Olympian, epirliet of Jupiter, Zfj'ç, whose name is sometimes understood in Homer: "Qç Ktr oi avdi ynia ^«j'oi, fJtiya yap fuv 'OXv/iTrioc îroupt ntifia Tpwoi ti cni Hpiâ/iff» fityaXijTopi roîô Tt naiaiv. 11. vi. 282. oùpavîuv, wvnç (ô, »';), fr. ovpavvç, prop, heavenly, one tctio is from heaven, or in heaven, is the epithet of (he gods in Homer, and frequently used as a substantive with ellipse of Otof : Tic vv at tou'ic' îpiKt, ^iXo»» TtKOÇ, oîipaMtûj'wv ; //. v. ',\T^. i-Kovpâvio^ (ô, l'i), fr. ovpavôç, one who is in heaven, sometimes in the pulls in the plural, ol ê7roi'pa»'ioi, the inhabitants of heaven, the gods: Tt c' i^oi t6v tTrovpitviiov /3a(TiXr)n ârraOXuv fiici]ç rf/ç iy îpuTi XajSfTv ; Jnlhol. Mcleagr. xiv. 'A. ir^oi (ol). The Dryopcs used the word Trôiroç for Biôç ; according to Kusiaihius, Trôjrci is for iironoi ; others derive it from ttÎ-ituiv and TTi'iirayoy, which would give it the meaning of miles, boni; very pro- bably it is but a word formed by onomatopy, similar to TraVni. In fact, the word has remained as an interjection, and most freiiuently ex- presses grief or indignation : 'U Triiro», 'Eyyociyait, olov ùtiriç ; 11. vii. -ibb. 256. 249 256. Oepd-irait'a, r]ç (>/), feminine of depciTrwi', woman who 256 serves, maid-servant: Al depdrraivai Xajonvcrai avrijy UTri]- yov etc T})v âojUftjuaicu'. Xen. Ci/r. vi. 4, 4. OcpdirvT), r]ç (/;), abridged and poet, form of the preceding word: Kuvpcii Ai)\tdStç, 'EKaTT]j3e\éTao OepciTTvai. Horn. Hymn. ApoU. 157. âPpa, ciç ()/), young female slave, ivaiting-maid : Tov ce KXojclov (f»)(7ai'T0ç âl^pay Trepiniveiy ïlojjnrr]taç. Plut. C césar. 10. alxfAaXwTiç, i^oç (Ji), feminine of ai-)(^ua\ti)TÔç, used some- times as a substantive, with ellipse of yvvî], taken in war, captive : 2e roi, -ov tK -ijc cù')(^^a\u)ricoç, Xiyw, Soph. Aj. 1245. dfji;hlers of their host, as a mark of distinc- tion ; thu«, in the Odyssey, Telemachiis is washed and rubbed with oil by tlie hand of the beautiful I'oiycasta herself, the youngest of Ntsior's daughters (0)), another form more peculiar to the Tragic writers : Aaùiv iv X'^PV TaaataQi, (piXai Cfiwtciç. jEschyl. Sitppl. 955. SotîXT), T]ç (»/), feminine of êovXoç, female slave : ^laôict a 7/ aXo^oi- TTon'ifff-ai, t) oye luvKriv. II. iii. 409. SpcLo-rcipa, and, under the Ionic form, Spi^orcipa, aç (»/), feminine of v^tairiio, she who serves with zeal, activity : 'ApifiiTTuXoi ë' âpa Kiëvai t'v« fityapotai irivovro riffaaptç, ai ot êùifia Kara 5(j/;(rr{ipac taai. Od. X. 348. circuirîç, iroç (»'/), fr. «Vo^ni, very rare, female attendant: Boi/JtJ rpifioofpoç 9î](Ttrai a' tTrioTrica. Lye. 1176. BuydTt]p, arpôç (//), dauc/Jiter, was sometimes used in de- based Grtek, as fille in French, to signify maid-servant, femme de chambre : Uéf^i-e ^è ralç yâjjoiç -»/ rratci Ov/nréuaç rérrapaç ô/uZ/Xtcar. Phalar. Epist. 3G0. Xârpiç, i^oç (>'/), poet, in F-uripides in the feminine, for Cov\t] : 2w S' av \af5ov(T' àyynoj', àpxnia Xârpi, jiàypaff' ïviyKt Sivpo novriaç àXéç. Eur. Htcitb. COÎi. àirâSiSs (ô, >y), and àiraiov, oi'oç (ô, if), fr. 'i—opai, one who follows, one who accompanies. Kuripides uses these two forms as feminine sub- stantives, for ';//('»k/«h/, M'omrjn, i/ai'c .• 'AW t'iô' 6rracùii> Îk fôpwv riç tpXiTat êaiepvppoîxra. Ear. /Ile. 137. Xoiptîr' ilç CÔpov<;, à-nàovtç, Kopi^tr' aiiTTji'. Eur. Troatl. 886. iraîs, iraièoç (»'/), young female slave, viaid : Kopwij; \iipo. nnoa^oTE KpiOùiy rtj iraicï roi) 'AttoWwioc. Alhen. viii. 359. Tajjiîa, aç (»'/), feminine of raftiaç, female slave who had the charge of tiie larder in the house of the ricli and great, as the ccllarist in convents, house-keeper, female steward. 27ro»' ^' uicoii) rnpii] iraptOi}Kt îpov rwi'o\ Eur. Bacch. (257) 1144. aypa, aç (»/), for the first time in the Odyssey, where it signifies game taken of all kinds, fish, &c., prei/, whatever has been taken, in general : Kcù h) ayprji' t(pintrTKoy aXij- TtvorTEç ùrâyKr], l\dvç, vpj'idâç re, flXaç 6 ri j^flpaç Ïkolto, Od. xii. 330. Hence, by ext., action, or manner of taking or pursuing wild animals ; hence, hunting, sporting, the chase in general : "Aypat riLv KpoKoieiXojy tvoXXcu kuI Trairojai. Herodot. ii. 70. à-ypEcia, aç (//), more recent form of âypa, in poetry : 'E/c 5' avr àyçtalriç ttoXXÛki voXXà Kafiùv. . . . Call. Fragm. 21. IXa4>T]PoXîa, aç (»/), stag- hunt : ^ït]S' sXa/), action of chasing game ; hence, the chase of game in Plato : Ile^wc Ce jjlÛvov Ot'ipevffiç re kuI «ypa Xonrt) to'iç Trap' //juti' àdXr]Tcûç. Legg. vii. 824. 6T)peoTiKi^, j/c ((/), feminine of drjpavriKÔç, of or belonging to the chase of game : Téx^'V GripavriKi], Plat. Soph. 223, b. Sometimes used as a substantive, with ellipse of riy^vri : Kot (TrparrjyiKijr Kal ^u^tTracrr/ç iiarLvoaovv di]pe.vTiKÎ]ç. Plat. Polit. 299, d. 6tjpoot5vt], r]ç (»;), skilfulness in the chase, art of the chase, in the Alexandrine poets : Kai at StxBoOu) 6r]po(TVV7]ç [liTÙ fiôxQov è/ibv Xixoç. Nonn. Dionys. xvi. 134. Koi^iYeo'toi/, ov (rô), management of dogs (in hunting) : hence, 1. pack of hounds with huntsmen, &c. : Auowr fiivToi XoyiieciQ Kui TO Kvi'Tjyiaioy ttû»' (rvuTréfi-^pu). Herodot. i. 36. Hence, 2. hunting with hounds : Ov h) j^aptv Kvvqyiaia koX T))v âX\r]y di^pap oi)-^ i]TT0v iniTr]Citvuv est rov >//jâ>i'ra t) Tîjç âXXrjç j/coi'j/ç. Plat. Legg. vi. 763, b. [So Xeji. and also in pi. fxu6>]Tai Kvvr)ytciu)v. Ven. 1.] KvvTjYia, ag (»'/), rnanagement of (logs ; hence, hunting with hounds, coursing : 'ïiç—vbv iK Kvvayiaç TpaTrtZa irXîjprjç. Eur. Hippol. 109. The plural has been used by more moilern prose writers : Tivîç [itv yap iv rcùç Kvvtjyiaiç tiVi ToXfj.7]poi. Poltjb. iv. 8, 9. KunriYta, wv (ja), plural neuter, in Polybius, for the preceding word : Xiipi te tUq kv toIq Kvvriyioiç KaKonadeiaç nal ToXpaç. Polyb. x. 25, 4. 252 258. (257) iwvTiXacrîa, oç (i;) (iXavriu), literally, aclion of setting or slipping ilogs to l/ie chase: Kat i icvvqXaaiqv Tt *ai tvv EtAwrwj' kyirovTO o'l twv TTdXaiiLv Miafftifiwy Tore invXw- HÉptijji' àirôyofoi, ») Kal Mtctr»; not ficX/ydr^erar ot 7r«»T£C. Thuc. i. 101, [More prob. a verbal of passive formation connected with the obsolete root of îXt jr.] ^pyoXdPos (ô, >/), one who undertakes any business or work for anotlier for a certain payment or salary, under- taker of works, contractor ; redemplor : 'EpyoXa/ioc per ?)»' roi) ùyâXf^taroc. Plut. Pericl. .'îl. cpîOos, (ô, »/), fr. tptoi', prop, one who is a wool-worker, principally in the feminine, worker in wool: Uo'iai a^' £7ro>'<((T(tr tpiOoi; Tficoc. Id. xv. 80. By ext., in the mas- culine principally, labourer who works for hire, and who is engaged for a certain time only, and for extraordinary works, day-labourer, a reaper, in Homer : 'EiWa^' £p«0oi iiptjy 6i,etuc ^p£5raKac ty jftpoîi' t^iiyreç. II. xviii. 550. K(ip, apôç (ô), Carian, inhabitant of Caria, in Asia Minor. According to iElian (Hist. An. xii. 30), the Oariaiis were the first who served as mercenaries in the wars of oilier nations, so that Carian anil mercenary 259. 253 became synonymous terms. Hence the proverb : 'Ev rw (258) Kopi Kucvrtvui'. Eur. Cycl. 6.50, " to brave the danger in a Carian's skin ;" in other words, " to expose a hired sub- stitute to danger instead of yourself ,''^ a worthless fellow, that is, whose loss is of no consequence. fAicrGios, (J), J/), fr. fiia-dôç, hireling, hired servant, one who works for wages ; sometimes used as a substantive in the N. T. : Woiriaôv /ue we tva rôjv iÀi/), prop, adjective, one who receives wages, who is hired ; chiefly in speaking of soldiers, in the historians : TiapaKoXovQovvTwv tCjv ireXTaarùiv, oi I'jirnv jdiffdoipopoL To'ic Q)]joulotç {who were in the pay of the Thehans). Xen. Hellen. v. 4, 54. ijTr6p,iCT0os (Ô, )/), fr. fxiffdûç, under engagement for wages', ' hired : 'Epya^o^at rijv yiji', VTfôfxiadoç ôfooXiJy Tiaaûpwv. Luc. Tim. iii. irei'eoTTjs, ov (Jo), Penest, labourer, the name given by the Thessalians to their peasantry, who were the descendants of an ancient people, whose history Athenœus has pre- served (vi. 18) ; they were conquered by their neighbours, who settled themselves on their lands, deprived them of all civil rights, and reduced them to the state of poor depend- ants, without, however, considering them absolute slaves ; in which respect they differed from the Helots : 'AXX' kv QtrraXia. fiera ïiponT]diu)ç c'jjjuocparjo»' KareaKeva^e, Kal rovç Treréaraç wTcXt^ei' ènl tovç êecrwÔTaç, Xen. Hell. ii. 3, 36. 259. 0iç, li'ôç (6 and ?/), fr. riOrjfii, the primitive meaning of 259 the word seems to be mass, heap : UoXiiç S' à/j^' oaTt6(piv Oiç nrèpûiy nvBoiJtiwy. Od. xii. 45. Hence, with the genitive ufjfjov, which is found sometimes expressed {Herod, iii. 26), and sometimes understood, heap or mass of sand ; and by ext. sand heaped on the shore, sand- DOWN : 'i2e h' 60' vtto ^ptKOf Boptu» àyanàXXerai j)(6i)ç O'ly' % 254 260. (2.'39j in'i :t\aiiàr O'lyu. Soph. Antig. 591. According to Kustathius, i)iç (ô) has the sense of mass, heap; whereas the form Qiv (>/), from Otino, to strike, is a different word, signifying particularly the shore of the sea. This observation is contradicted by many passages in the poets, and we may conclude from this, with all respect to the grammarians, that these two forms are but one and the same word, as is the case with many others like them, such as piç and pit-, ÙKriç and àtcriv, &c. [Cf. 51.] frtip.û)V, ùti'oç (o), fr. TÎQtjfii, heap, principally of corn, straw, stack : 'Hç é' àvifioc Ça/)ç >)ia;v Qijfiùva Tivd^n Kap8. ^^wvia, fiç (>'/), a rare synonyme of G/j^iwr, in the Sept. and the Fathers : Koirpov Orjutjvtd. Chrr/sosl. in Matth. 690. 6up.ôs, oïl {(')), Attic for OijLtiu)', in prose : 'Ear ci deoi- odùç t'((, Otofitivç avi-Ttdij ô ^rvixir, àcporepuç Kcù peXrUoy yiytTui. Theophr. Caus. PI. 4, 15. acopos, ov (Ô), heap, quantity together of corn, of grain: "Ort r' 'tcptç awpoy àfiàroi. llesiod. Opcr. 14. Hence, heap, pile, in general : Swoor j^pf/^ieirw»' é)(oira. Aristoph. Plut. 269. \_(iu)po\ airov, ^v\wy, \idu)v, ifvpiii'. Xen. Hell. iv. 1, 12.] 2(iO. 260 66ei.y, prop, in ancient times, to burn incense in honour of the gods, or a portion of tlie meat prepared for the feast before commencing it : 0{o7(7( ct Oîiaui àyâtyei WnrpoKXoy, By tTftlpoy, o c ty irvpi /JtlXXc dvif\(t'ç. II. ix. 219. It fol- lowed from this custom, whieli, according to Heync, was the origin of sacrifices, that Oiitty came to signify to slay 260. 255 the \'ictims ofFered in sacrifice, certain parts of which were ('2G0j burnt on the altar; hence, in general, to sacrifice. Gu'eaOai : according to the grammarians this middle verb specially signified to slay a victim in sacrifice, or cause it to be slain, in order to draw omens from it ; hence, to sacrifice : 'O êè Kîipoç idvero IttI tij Ttooela, Cyr. ii. 4, 13. èvaylï,eiv, to make offerings and funeral libations, espe- cially in honour of the heroes [parentare] : Tw 'OAv/ktt/w dvovai ôiç àdat'd-ù), tu) d' Irioa wç ijpw'i èyayi^ovcn. Hero- dot, ii. 44. cpSeiv, and by transposition of letters pc'^eiv, poet., prop, to do, to ac- complish, hence, to sacrifice, to slay in sacrifice: "Epèov S' 'AttÔWwu Ts\j]i(T(Taç ticaTOfijSac. II. i. 315. [Cf. Lat. /acerc, operari.'\ ôuTjTToXeîi/, to malce or offer sacrifices : K(«0' aç dvtjiro- Xoîiffi. Plat. Polit, ii. 364, e. lepeveiv, to sacrifice, in general : Avràp c fjovv icpEvaep ài'ut, cncpùjy 'Ayaj^iefirwi'. II. iî. 402. [Very rare and late in prose. Philo. 2, p. 34, 5.] Upoû^, to consecrate, to perform duly the sacred cere- monies : 'Adtjialoi AtiXiovç àvécrTrjaay iic At'jXov, iiyijadf-ie- voi, KUTcl TvaXaidv rirci alrlar, ov Kadapovç irraç itpôjadcti. Thuc. V. 1. Upoupyeîf, to perform a sacred work, or a sacrifice, seldom to sacrifice, to slay in sacrifice, in the middle voice in Plutarch : Aùrôc Trpo r/]ç ai:r]yrjc fierci roîi j-iâvTtioç 'Apt- aravcpov Ciirpiloei' itpovpyLaç rivàç cnropp{]rovç upovpyovfXE- roç. Plut. Alex. 31. KaXXiepeîi/, to offer a sacrifice of good omen, to have the victims favorable ; litare : 'ETrtt c eKuXXiepijae. Xen. Cyr. iii. 3, 11. jjnrjXoo-cjjaYeîv, to slay on the altar, or sacrifice, a sheep, or sheep : Kal fir]\oc^(pa-/tl Btolaii' tpfirjv itpà Toïç aTr]pioiç. Soph. Electr. 272. éXoKauToûi', prop, to burn the victim ivhole, to offer a holocaust : "Efiucra)' rw An, kuI wXoKavrwcray tovç ravpcvç. Xen. Cyr. viii. 3, 11. CTy (o«), trowsers or loose pantaloons of the Persians, ace. to the Scholiast on Aristophanes : El-a è' kffTTo^teada dvyyâi^oyrir tlç rovç OvXÛkovç. Aristoph. f'esp. 1082. àmlupîç, icoç (//), and principally in the plural, àm^opî- Seç, long and loose trowsers of the Persians, and of the Asiatics generally ; particularly those who dwelt in the cold countries and in the mountains : C)t cri^vrirar fiiv àia- £iiptC(iç, aKVTiir]v Cf. r»)i' uWi]y iaQT\ra <{>opiovcn. llcrodot. i. 71. [These and the ftoaKai were tighter than the dvXciKoi. L. and S.I PpdKai, wf (o(), long and loose leggings of the Gauls ; hraccce ; [hraies, Fr. ; trews, breeks, Sc. ; breeches, Ang.] : Xpwirat . . . ka'i uraivpiaiy «ç tkiîioi poâtcuç upoaayo- ptvovijiv. Diod. Sic. V. 30. irepiaKcX^St toe ('"'')> trowsers of the Lévites, in the Sept. : Ktit ntpKTKiXèç Xiidvi' tarai irri rou y^pujrùç avrov. Levit. xvi. 4. irepiCTKeXis, icoç ()/), sort of trowsers or wide drawers worn hy women : Twr ce vXeiaTwy yvrniKùiy ûr vTTociifiarn ci/f^nvaa TTf pif Xr;c, Kat \liXXia Kai 'mptaictXi^nç vni Trop(pv- puy, ».ai ^uipycipiraç, tycoy f-iivovaiy. Plut. Conj. prcec. 202. o(j2 0ijpa, or ('/). the wood work which makes the door itself; hence, 1. chaniher-f/o«r, house-door only; singular and plural, in the Iliad and the Odyssey : Oûpoi ^' tvepytiç tlai cikXIciç. Od. xvii. 209. 2. Thence, in general, oppti- ing. entry, outlet: Aûw H ri o't dvpat e'ttriy. Od. xiii. 109. According to the grammarians, the singular Hiipn must be understood only of the wood-work that closes up the door-wav, and the plural Ovoai of the opening or door- way itself, but this subtle distinction is contradicted by the usage of the words ; on the contrary, we sec 6vpat employed both in the Iliad and the Odyssey, as in the 2G2. 257 passage above, for the folds of the door. It may be (2G2) observed, however, that the Attic prose A'riters more com- monly use the singular in the phrases to knock at the door, to open or shut the door: Kô;^ac r>)i' dvpar [Xen. Hell. V, 4, 7); 'Ai'£wy/i£r>j 0ûpa (^Plat. Conv. 174, e.) : while they used the plural only, when the sentence expressed nothing more than the general notion attached to the word doors : 'Etti TrXovaiwv dvpaç lâmç (^Plat. Polit. ii. 7) ; or in the figurative sense : 'Etti tq'iç dvpaiç rj/ç 'EWâhoç ifffiiv. Xen. Anab. vi. 5, 2.3. The phrase at Qvpai j3(tin\tioç, in Xenophon (Anab. ii. 1, 6), signifies particularly the court of the king of Persia. We have pre- served this phrase in the title we give to the court of the Grand Signor, that of the Ottoman Porte. The very use ■we make of the word court, meaning thereby the king's palace, is equally remarkable. &vp£Tpov, 01» (to), poet, for 6vpa, and only in the plural: TTpu' fis Kara Tipiji'iç fiaXktiv Upidfioio [ikXaOpov alOaXifv, Trpjjcrat C£ Tcvpàç dijioio BiifiiTpa. II. ii. 415. KXeiCTidSes, wv (oJ), and KXiaidSec (a'l), shutters ; hence, the folds or leaves of a great gate : Mf-yaXat icXimdcEc (11 fiTreTTréarai iç tov Tiikoirovi'riaoy tm niparj. Herodot, ix. 9. ti-uXt], r]ç (II), Y)Yo\). fold of a gate, in Homer and Hero- dotus: Kat vAiyot' ~i Trapai^XipurTes t})v trtpTjv TrvXrji'. Herodot. iii. 156. In the plural, nuXai, the two folds ; hence, gate with double folds, or, generally, gate, in Homer, and the poets, and also in prose writers, in speak- ing of a single gate, but only of the gate of a town, or rampart, in which respect it differs from Bvpa : E'taro erjl^toyepoi'-ec En'i ^tcnifjari TrvXrjai. II. iii. 149. IIûAat àiEwy- fiii'iu >](Tn»' TÙ)v -tt^^w) . Xen. Cyr. vii. 4. 4. In Sophocles and Euripides for the house door : Tlpoç râè' ev (pvXdatTETa KXeiOpaiai />cà ^lo-^Xolai cwjuaVw»' TrûAaç. Eur. Andr. 951. In the plural iruXai, pass, defiles, which are the pass out of one country into another, and that pass in particular known also by the name of QtpnùnvXai, Thermopylœ : T»))' uîr cvy Tvdpocov TlvXaç KciXoïicri, ktù Sriva kcù Çiepj.io- TTvXciç' tan y'ap (Cal tiénpa TïXriaior vêara. Strab. ix. 186. iruXojjia, ciTuç (t6), fr. ttvXow, properly, the being closed by means of a gate ; hence, gate, in general, in the Tragic z 3 258 263. (262) writers : KaXûiç tj^ei rà ttXi'ktt Èr lî, TTv\ù>f.iain. /Esch. Sept. 801. iruXiiv, ùivoç (ô), Ionic TrrXiuîv, from vvKt), ordinarily vestibule; m ly be understood of the threshold of the pale, and by ext., gale of etilrnnce, great gale, in the poet Oppian : Pi/i^' tOoptv, ■n'vXiwfa Cta- TrrdfÀtvoç Oavâroio. Oppian. Cyn. iii. 419 Ili/Xià/v Oavàroio is a phrase analogous to that which (lomer often uses in the same sense : nûAai 'AlCao. II. xxiii. 71- The gale of Hell. aavl%, icoç (//), in the plural, crafiScç, w»' (n«), in Homer, 1. the boards of wood which form tlie folds or leaves of a- door or gate : 'Yi//^Xoj tl irûXat, aayiceç t' ini rrjç àpaowTai, fiuKpai, i'vt,nTTai, t^ivyiiirm. II. xviii. 27-'). 2. The folds or leaves themselves : Oùrè nvXriaiv ivo iiriKticXifjirac aarîcaç. IL xii. 121. The singular is only found in the Sept. 263. OQ3 0(ijpa|, «KOÇ (Û). The anatomical meaning of this word is unknown to the Homeric poems ; it is found for the first time in Hippocrates and Aristotle, for the thorax, or all that part of the body which the cuirass covers, the trunk of the man ; but the signification of it is different at dif- ferent periods. In Aristotle: To àiro aif\tior f^ixpl alcolijf Kvror, V icaXt'irai Hwpat.. Arist. Hist. .-tn. i. 7. Its extent is more limited in Galen and in medical writers of a later date : To Toivvy vizu twv irXivpùjv t'l^ope^o^ero»' f. tKitTepof, irpuaio fitv ini rà aripra re Kai rite iiovc icpuirrùfiii oç. Poil. vii. 70j. I. 265. 265 ïSioç, îa, proper and peculiar to an individual, to a spe- cies, special, private, peculiar : Upî)iiç c ijc' t^ir}, ov ci/piuç, tjy àyoptvffio. Od. iii. 82. It is more frequently opp. to icoirôç and r^tj^ôirioç, in the prose writers : Kal ru TrXoîa nâvTa, Kfù rà cqfioaiu ic(ù rh 'i?iu. Plat. Gurff. 469, e. In Attic writers it is frequently found in conjunction with the pronouns, as own in English : Uepl rù)r vpi-iptor llitûv. Dem. Legal. 439. Hence its use as a possessive pronoun in later writers, and in modern Greek : KtXivti ù 'Aitw- i'7»'0c Tu) tcio) arpnTio (.iritpajAtiy ku\ (poyiueiv tovç pcip/Japouç. Ilerodian. iv, 11,8. KiJpios, (CI, fr. Kvpoç, proper, speaking of a name : Tw Tt Kvpiu) avTuv oiufj-uTi Trpoadti'Ttc 'Apii:af6y. Ilerodian. vii. 5, 19. oIkcÎoç, tia (o'iKuç), of ox belonging to the house, domestic, is opposed to ttoKitikoç or to Koit'oc: 'Eii ri to'iç avrolç oIkeiioi' fi/ia k(Ù -rroXirtKiJjy tTri^itXiin. Thuc. ii. 40. Hence, belonging in particular to a species, to a family, while '(7«oç exprcssi's that which belongs in particular to an individual: (ViKtitWipoc yap (tùr<(7(; « ttoi-oç, "<('ior, ûW où Koiviç on- peril Tov auipuToç. Plat. Pol. vii. 535, b. 266. .,p,. Upeîok', ou (rô), thing or animal dedicated to religious uses ; hence, victim : Kal uptiioy iro\\t)r iKjidoyiay tropti^e ytyt'iiTiaOnt. Xen. Cgr. i, 4, 17. Ace. to Mœris, upùoy was the Attic term for the general word Oiif-ia. iipéy, où (rô), in the singular signifies sacred place, con- secrated spot ; very seldom sacrifice or victim : 'Oipp' ipùy 266. 261 tToi^aaanUiT 'AflZ/ij?. //. xi. 571. Ordinarily, in the plural, (266) ro Upd, in poetry and prose, 1. sacrifices, sacred ceremonies : "0, plural in the Odyssey, first-fruits : 'H pa Kai upyjiaTa Qvat 9ioîç. Od. xiv. 446. àirapxii, j/c (j/), more commonly in the yAnral, first-fruits of the produce of the earth, which were offered to the gods, and laid upon the tombs of the dead : "Oaa re >y y>; ijfiwu civiCicov wpala, Trctrroij' ctTrap^^aç STrt([>époi'Teç. Thuc. iii. 58. OvTiX'q, iig (y'l), fr. Bvu), in the Iliad, portion of the cooked meats, which were burnt in honour of the pods, before commencing the meal or feast, primitta: "O è' tv irvpl /3âX\£ Qvi]\âç. IL ix. 220. Hence victim or sacrifice, in general : ^oivia ëk x^'P crâÇét OvijXijç 'ApeoQ. Soph. Electr. 1422. ôûfia, ciTOQ (to), prop., what is burnt in honour of the gods upon the altar ; whence it was subsequently applied to every kind of victim, and, in a yet wider acceptation, of offering : Ovtoç c\ tTreiTiep irôXiç àraynâ^ei race, de^ yepéaSio bv/ua. Eur. Iph. T. 600. 6ti|j.ia(ia, aroç {to), perfume of the incense burnt upon the altars : nôXtf c' ôpoîi piv QvpiapaTUJv yipn- Soph. Œd. R. 4. [Also in PI. Rep. ii. 373, a.] 0VO9, eog (to), fr. 6vu, that which was burnt in honour of the gods, incense, perfume : 'Etti S' àyXaà pr)pia Kaieiv, aWore et) ffirovëycn Qviaai Ti ÏKâffKiaQai. Hes. Oper. 335. 6oCTia, ag (>/), sacrifice, victim : 'O fxiv ye SicvQjyc, Kai iraaag Tag dvirlag àcpùg icai iiyrjtrâfieioç TaTreiiâç, avTovg àidpiltirovç -rj 'ApTtfxièt TrapiaTr\ai. Luc. de Sacrifie, ad fin. ôXoKauTWfia, oToç (jo), fr. vXoKavTÔu), a verb found only in Xenophon, victim that was burnt whole, holocaust: Kai dvusTe ett' aiirov rà ô\oK"ai/rw^dyioi'. ov {tu), fr. crfc'i^u}, beast killed (by cutting the throat) in sacrifice ; hence victim, and particularly victim so killed, the parts cut off, or the entrails of the victim, from 2G2 2G7. (266) which the auguries were taken: Kni Xiyny èt:i\eve Tràaiv, on rd tipù «rai rd at^dyia KuXd I'lr}. Xen. Anab. i. 8, 15. XpTjcrnipioc, ov (-o) [poet, in this sense], prop, the sacri- fice or victim offered by the person who consulted the oracle : 'Ay^pCjf -ûc' îff-i a}), poet., name of llie prit-sls of lower r.ink, who burnt llie incense upon tlie altar: Où rara/JaXeic rù Kio^i, w ôvrfirôXi} ; Aristnph. I'ac. 1 1 "24. Dioiiysius of lliilicarmissns uses this nmie of the Vestals nniont; the llotnans: Aï Kn\ovvrai «to rT/i' Otàç T/»' 9iiunriv- ovrrtv' V.ciTid^tç, ainoç npùiroç iipvy tfpvaâfiiyoç 'Vwfiniotç 'Kariaç, Kai irapOivovç dirolii^aç avry 9vf)n6Xov^. Dion. II. Ant. Hum. ii. (J4. OvocKcSos (o, >';), diviner ; aruspex: *H o1 pâyrûç liai, QvookÔoi, f; 'iipi'liç. II. x.xiv. 'l'l\. 267. 263 lepoYpafji)JiaT€uç, iojç (ô), prop, sacred scribe, the name (267) given by tlie Greeks to a class of learned Egyptian priests, ■who wrote in hieroglyphic, or hierotic, characters, the history of the gods, and various theological and scientific treatises: T»)i' upciTiKi]}', >) j^^pwi'Tcu 01 npoypctfiijiaTe'ïç. Clem. Alex. Strom. V. 657. Ace. to Lixcian, their office was to explain the mysteries of religion : "Q^inrep AlyvTVTtuju ol KciXovj^iepoi ItpoypajJidaTÙç, 'Aaavpiwi' ce !/), fr. TToiio), prop, one who offers sacrifices ; used as a substantive, à lepoTToioç, master of the sacred cere- monies, was the name of ten magistrates at Athens chosen by lot ; their office was to regulate the festivals, the cere- monies, and the sacrifices, to choose the victims, and to assist at the examination which the aruspices made of the sacred entrails, in order to prevent fraud, adds the Scholiast, on the part of the diviners : 01 Xoiirol -dç noj-i.Trdc; véi-nrovcni' vfi'iy fitrd Twv hpoTroiiov. Dem. Philipp. i. 26. iepo1. Hence, consecrated, sacred : 'Upovç kutù \:ni)f^tovç. II. ii. 305. dp€'PT]Xos (ô, >'/), that which cannot or ought not to be ap])roached, inaccessible, access to which is forbidden by religion, inviolable, speaking of temples and places that served as asylums of refuge : 'Kwrt «diXw (piv^t^oç piofioç, LfTTi Kill Xtja-u'iç àlyiprjXa 7ro\\« rùty Itpu/y. Plut, de Supersl. 4. âyios, «'<« (iiytic), word unknown to Homer, and very rare 269. 265 in ancient poetry and prose ; properly, pure, with reference (268) to moral purity ; hence it seems to have been chosen by the ecclesiastical writers of the O. T. and N. T. in pre- ference to 'leoôç : 1. holy : "Ayioi yiiiadt, ini tyu) âyivç tlfu. N. T. 1 Petr. i. IG. 2. Very often, in speaking of things, holy for consecrated, sacred : 'Q,ç 7rpô/3ara âyia. Eztch. xxxvi. 38. âGiKTos («, »/), that which cannot be touched, inviolable, speaking of a consecrated place : "ABiktoç ovc oiKqrog, aï ycip ij-KpolJoi deal af' t^ovm. Soph. Œd, Col. 39. oCTios, ÎCI, that which is permitted, or rather that which is not forbidden by religion, by the divine law, which is not consecrated, speaking of things and of places, the use of which, or the approach to which, were not forbidden by religion, lawful, permitted, in opp. to lepôç, sacred, conse- crated, and in this case it is sometimes rendered by pro- fane : 'Eç oXtywomi' tTpcnvoi'TO fccà lepwy i^ul vatwv ôjuoiojç. Thuc. ii. 52. \_des choses licites et sacrées (Pillon) : of things sacred and profane (Mr. Dale). Cf. li" ov (joyuov) -w)' upùii' jiEi' -^prjjjidridv rovç Biovç, rwi' caiwi' là t))v ttoXiv àTToa-tpeï. Dem. 703, 1.] crepdo-fxios, iu, worthy of veneration, venerated : 'AcppoH- TT]y £)(otiai nciXa (Tf/3r((Tyuio)'. Plut. Amator. 19. o-ePaCTToç, }'/, august, Augustus, as the surname of the Roman emperors, in Plutarch and Greek writers of Roman history : Kataop 6 izpioTOQ iTriKXrjdelç ^ejoacTÔç. Plut. Apophth. Cces. 1. 269. ip.ârioi', ou {to), prop, upper or outer garment, often gar- 269 ment, dress, in general : 'Ijuarta r' àt'êpe'ia kcu yviaiKela. Xen. Mem. ii. 7, 5. lp.aTio-|j.ôs, où (ô), a complete dress, in Plutarch [so in Polyb. 6, 15, 4"1 : To7ç ce dvyciTpâ(ny civtov lf.LaTi(Tixov ttoXv'- rtXi] Atoi vffiov toïi rvpcivyov SuctXtac néfi-ipavroç. Pseudo- Plut. Apophth. Lac. Archid. 7. ily.a, OTOÇ {to), clothing, clothes, in general, in the plural: Ei fir} tyoj ae XajSiov àirb ft'tv (piXa i'ijxara hvcfw. 11. ii. 261. ekSup.a, UTOQ (ro), that which a man puts on, garment, in the Sept. and the N. T. : Y.ile.r Ikei ai'dpioiror ovk èi'ceêv- fiérov ivcvfxa y/ifiov. Matth. xxii. 11. A a 206 270,271. (269) €. [Th. iii. 58.] ecrôris, T)7or (Ji), fr. cyvvfii, clothing, clothes, dress ; testis: Mtrpi(^i à' (IV EffOz/ri, i:(ù Iç rùy yvy rpviroy, —pwrot AitKtCai- fjoyioi k\pîifTurro. Thuc. i. 6. [In the Od. collectively : and so still in Xen. An. 3, 1, 18, icd/i»;, y^pvaùy, icrtifjTa. — Not a sinç/le garment; though with réf. to the dress of per- sons generally we meet with the pi. as èy Uéuaatç iroXv Kai taOrirtr tpuvXûrepai teat ciairai ii/reXÉcrrepai. Xen. Cyr. 1, 3, 2.] rape. cctÔtjo-is, nor (//), garment, in the N. T. : Aî-o incptc tiré- irnjaay ctv7(ùç iv kaQi^aiaiy àa-pmrrovaatr. Luc. xxiv. 4. e(rOo9. ou (Ô), poet, form of iaOr'iç: Toi) c' ovri fitXdyreitov IttXito îaOoç. II. xxiv. 94. irepiPôXaiov, oi' {to), poet, covering, wrapping: OavUTov rdd' t;èij TTiçujiôXai ùyiififiiQa. Eur. Here. fur. 549. oToXi], >/c (>'/), fr. ariWu), accoutrement, attire : Aijfn-aTc ioïKÛraç kui to TrXiidoç Kul rue cr-oXâç. Xen. Cyr. ii. 4, 17. 270. 270 loTopiKos, ov (Ô), skilful historian : 'A\,\« ruurci fiiy ùya- t:f.iai)ui tij 'Iup« \ctpiTi, toïi ttUitw»' laTopit^wruTOV pumXiuty. Plut. Scrtor. 9. [Properly an adj. = scientific. PI. Soph, 267, e. = historical. Plut.] îoTopioYp(i4)oç, ou (ô), historian who writes the history of past times ; historian : Tig oùc ûr Oavpaaiu Tijy ùirtipiay Kai Tijy (lyyoiay r?/C i^oivijç èyyoiaç .... fp' fidXiffra eel TTopà To'iç 'i(TTonioypd€iJS, £(i>ç (Ô), contemporaneous writer or historian, •who writes the history of his own times [this limitation is probably linfounded] : 'AWù ynp Tdjy f^ùy fieydXwy rrvXetjjr, e'i Ti KuXoy iirpalay, uîraiTfç o'l avyypiKpt'iç |Ut/i»'»j)rnt. Xen. Hell. vii. 2, 1. 271. 271 iraXos, où (ô), an Italian : Oin' uZ, on "ll^ijp !> Tpdia- vôç, nW ovK 'IrdXôç, ovo' 'Ira\ju»r»jç »)i' {^not an Italian by birth, nor of a family that had afterwards settled in Italy). Dion. Cass. Ixviii. 4. 272, 273. 2C7 ÎTaXi(oTr|Ç, ov (o), an Italiot, or inhabitant of Magna (271) Grœcia (not of an original Italian family) : Kni 'IraAiwrot ïïvbayvour, Kui \njJL\l/aKr]vo\ Wvniayàour i,ivov ovra ïda- ipai' Koi TifiCoair Ïtl kul vvy. Aristot. Rhetor, ii. 23. K. 272. KaOapôs, pd, fr. KaQa'ipuv, clean, neat ; hence, pure, prop. 272 and fig. : KuQupa xpoi I'inad" tXovau. Od. xvii. 48. dKipSrjXoç (I, >/), not adulterated, in speaking of coined money, of cjood alloy : 'O ci àWarrùpLevoç i) vuf-ncfxa àvri vof-UfTfuaroc >/ t:ai rwi' ciXXwi' ^û)U)v ôriovy i) Kcù ui) l^wioi' ÙKlj-/^r]\ov Trài' ^lêôro) Kal Ee)(^É(r6(jj r'/), unmixed, pure, in speaking of wine : "AKpriTOV dûor ttotov irroç ^^(orTer. Od. ii. 341. [By no means only of wine : e. g. â(>paroç vovç, pure intellect. Xen. Cyr. 8, 7, 20 ; also impropr. pure, absolute, e. g. èXevdspia. PL &c.] ipovv {TiX€Y€n', to take fire, blaze, throw out flames of fire, speaking of a fire : To le fXiyn ÙKÛi-turov irvo. Jl. xxi. 13. [Also trans. (p\iyu)v ÙKriaiv ijXioç -^Hàia. ^sch. Pers. 364 ; also to cause to blaze up, or fire up, propr. and fig-] «^XcY^Oeiv, poet, frequentative of the preceding word: 'Hiti rrvp TOT iniaavftn'oi' ttôAii' ôv^piùi' ôpjuf^ioi' i^aiçviiç (pXiyiOn. II. xvii. 738. <}>XeYfAaîi'€ii' (^Xf'y^/a), to be infiameci, to have infiamma- tion, sptaking medically : "Oaa ci (pXtypniieiy XtytToi tov (TWfKtruç, àirù tov kûtadai te kuï (^iXiyeaOai Ciii ^oX»;»' ytyoyt irâira. Plat. Tinu 8.5, b. 4>Xo-YÎ^eiv, poet, to set on yfrc, envelop in flames: Ov^' il irvpÇopoç àartpoTTijTijÇ jSporruc avyalç fi' tlai ^Xoyi^tui'. Soph. Phil. 1196. 274. 274 KOKOc, î], deficient in such or such a physical or moral advantage ; hence, generally, it is opposed to ayaOot in all its meanings, prop, and fig. ; bad, worthless, as being useless, unfit, not good, specially in war; hence, cowardly: Kai rot iywyc oiiCtv àiKTWTfpuy rofii^w Twy ty nydpwTToiç ilyui tov TÛ>y 'iawy Toy Tt mnùy k(ù rùy àyuOùr àitoïiaOui. Xen. Cyr. ii, 2, 14. KaKoi'iOiiç ( ô, »'/), vicious in character or habits, malicious ; nialiijnus : KuKot'iOijç c' wr, Aiff^^n»/. Dcvi. de Cor. 5. KaKo\i.T\x,avo^ (ô, >'/), one who contrives or causes evil: Sàip ipitv, Kvvo^ KuKOfiti\iivov. U. vi. 344. 274. 269 KaKocouç (ô, }'/), ill-disposed, entertaining ill-ivill [ill- (274) affected; e. g. r/) TroAtt. Th. 6, 24] : "II ro^û'Ci-iQ kcikuvovv rt)y j.t]]Tfpa aoi flvfit ; Xen. ]\Iem. ii. 2, 9. KaKoirpaYfiwc («, >/), whose conduct is bad, an intriguer, a knave : Où fiivroi t-rzeiQi ye to [xi] ov f-ieyaXoTrpayfiuv re (voJ i;ai:oirnnyi.iu)t'. Xen. Hell. V. 2, 26. KaKoGpyos (o, )/), one who is a worker or eaiiser of evil : 'AXXà KOKoOpyoc /ie>' ^w^' aXXwr, eavrou ce ttoXv KciKovpyô- Tipoç. Xen, Mem. i. 5, 3. In an abstract sense, an evil-doer, a malefactor : 'H KoKovpyovç tpevrïjfTui. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 12. KaKO<})uiis (Ô, J/), o/ a« evil nature, naturally bad : ToOc ce Kara riji' \pv)(^))i' Kcucocpvelc re Kaï àyiàrovç avroi àjroKTt- rovaiv. Plat. Pol. iii. 410, a. j3Xa|3€pés, pa (/3Xc(/3r;), hurtful, in opp. to M(pi\if.ioQ : Aiywr on fiwpoç jxtv eirj ei tic o'itrai /j>) f^iaduji' til te io(pi- \if.in Knl Ta jj\a(3£pà Twy Trpayfxi'iTwv êiayt'wcrtaOai. Xen. Mem. iv. 1, 15. Xuiiecdi/, CJroç (6), destroyer : Kaî ^âXXoi' t-n-id^ifiovr-eç yyejuoiic i) ctairoTcii Trpoaayopeveirdai' kuI auTVipeç, ùXXrt /uj) \vfxi.ù)ieç ci7roKn\tiai)ai. Isocr. Paneg. 22. |jiox6T)p6s, pci {fiù^lâoç), depraved, corrupted: 'AXX' ùiovç tcÔKOvi- KciTanaidcireii' twv KaXiLv tuç fxopcpnç Tram fioyOr]- povç ovTaç Tctc \pv)(_(iç. Xen. Œcon. 6, 16. ovTiSavoç, î], good for nothing, mean, cowardly ; neqtiam : At]ij.oj36- poç /3cïy yap, toi^/\oc, fit'iropdç ti (pavKovc ùyuOo'tr ô;^/»jyôootç fiXovç oyraç. Xen, Mem. ii. G, 20. Oi// t(i(/3wX((».t jjiuTiaytipi] KcipTTo»' icijXf'iffayT'. II. i. 15G. [In prose, Ildt. yfjr, ff-pnriZ/r, tvc] Xupiaifcadai (Xû/a;), used of acts of violence, of attacks upon ])(.'rs()ns and things, to attack, to injure by words or actions: Avfiuiyofiti tj ct tÇ rtvpw, intXeyt Toct- Herodot. i. 211. llenco, to inflict evil, i. e. to harass, to worst in war: Avfitm KrOat tvv{; iroXifiiovç. Xen, Cyr. vi. 3, 24. Xwpdadai {Xwjii)), to insult, to treat injuriously, to out- 276, 277. 271 raqe :^ll yap ây, 'Arpt/^?/, yvy vcttutci Xuifti'jffcito. II. i. 232. (275) [Often in Hdt. and common in PL : J tu âêii;ov /.lèv Xw/3â- -a(, tÙ èè èiKaiov ovivr]aiv. Crit. 47, e ; XljI'^lji'tcu tovç reoùç. Prot. 318, d.] mj/xaiVeic (7r/jjua), to damage, to worst, to persecute, to /ia7'ass : Mij êi e/jiriy lôrrjTci Hocret^awr ïroai-)^i)ii)r Trri^aivEt Tpwaç. IL XV. 41. [In prose, Hdt. Pl.-Arist. Trrjixulrei rà ofifiara vypôrtjç. ProbL 31.] 276. KaXd|XT], r]ç (»'/), stubble, straw of wheat, barley, &c. ; 276 calamus, stipula : Tov êè viov ctItoi' aw rrj KaXafir] aVo/cft- jdivor. Xen. An. v. 4, 27. ^X*^' *?? C'/)) fr- " and fx*^' a"y object without consistence, any tiling light, liovering and driving ahout in the air, as cZ/o^' winnowed and set afloat in the air : 'Qf 5' âvtfioç ûxvaç (pop'iti ïtpùç kut' àXwa'ç. //. V. 499. [Cf. ] 10.] axtJpo»', ov {t6), stalk of the growing corn ; hence, in the plural, straw : 'EifXôiTfç avréiov rijr KotXt'/jr kch KadijpavTsç e/J-wnvXatri a)(upw>'. Herodot. iv. 72. Fig. du7}g : Tovç yap f-ieroÎKOVç â-)^vpa tG)V àarwr Xéyw. Aristoph. Ach. 508. [I don't know on what authority M. Pillon founds this article. The meaning usually given is chaff, husks.^ Kdp<})oç, eoç (tu), any dry and very light thing, particle of straw, chip of wood : Kcipo9 (ù, )'/), fr. fwpipîi, beautiful in face on]y, formo- stis : Kai ovTu) u'i tvfiopooi ràç df.iupuç f>aî ifiiriipuvç îiici- ^oauv. Iltrodot. i. 19G. 6ÔTrpcTrTJs(ô, »'/), fr. TrpéVw, of beautiful appearance, seldom when speaking of persons : Tvyij -i> tlàoç tvjrptTriiç. Plut. Prcec. conj. 23. eÙTrpoawTTOç (<'), »/) (TrpôfTuiTToy), I. beautiful in face, hence, in giMicral, beautiful, particularly among the Cretans, accord- ing to Aristotle : To yap tvitCfç ol Kpijrtc cvnpixrwnoy kitXoîimy. De Poet. 25, 1(5. 2. One who has a beautiful mask; hence, fig. one of beautiful appearance, specious: 'YTTd^ptynyTo tvnpôffwna. Ilerodot. vii. 1()8. KaWiirapYios (ô, »;\ prop, of licautiful clieeki, epithet of women in Iloiiicr: '\'i)ai Qiipac i'i^iK'^utvùi KaWiiràpyoç. //. vi. 298. KaXvKÛiris, u^oc (t>, »'/). of complexion like the rose, in the Homeric hyiinis : 'ïi'X'j ri Kal 'UkiijkW; Ka\vKÙ>Triç. In Cer. 420. ùpaîos, rua (wpa), that wliich is in its bloom, in all its 279—281. 273 vigour, full ripe, speaking of fruits, and fig. of the age of (278) man ; hence sometimes, i//a^ luhich has the beauty of youth, beautiful: 'iipaîoç iiov kui kciXôç. Find. 01. ix. 141. 279. Kafiïcoç, ov {o), furnace, oven, smelting furnace : Kal aV 279 niKiwy TTEpt Tctpyvpela ^r}p.oaib)y koX divo Kafiirwi' irpôcjoêoi ciy noWai yiyvoirTO. Xen. feet. 4, 49. iiTvôs, ov (Ô), kitchen stove ; hence kitchen: O yap irarrip ' £iç Tov i-Kvov £((T£/\/y\i;0£j'. Aristoph. Vesp. !39. KXipai/os, ov (Ô), and Attic Kp'\.^a.vopTli', trôç (>;), plural (t>p^k'€s, diaphragm ; prœcordia : 'AW i/DU/V i'i'9' c'lnct re (pptier tp^orat «/^'Ç»' ù^itoy k'ijt). II. xvi. 481. In the singular, in poetry, for the heart : Xapeirj èè (ppiia fiijTTjp. II. vi. 481. 282. 282 KaOfxa, aroç (to), burning heat of the sun, excessive heat : I\IéX!"£ (^^ ^""i Kuv^a ov cvyatrai ol^:t~ly ol â.y6pu)-oi. \en. An. i. 7, 6. aI8os, oil (Ô), and alOos, toç {to), heat : AWôy t i^afivyaaOat 6tov. Eur. Suppl. 208. OdXiTos, toç (ro), heat, in general : 'AXXà 4'V\i} te j^ttfiQ- yoç Kui OûXkti dittovt: idi^ei Kuprtiiily. Xen. Œc. 5, 3. O^pp.ai'o'is, HOC (»'/), the making warm or hot : ""Evrt ie ow^ // Oep^ortjc kiyrjcric, àW i/ Oiofiayatç. Aristot. Mctaph, X. 1 1. OEpfiacria, aç (//), Attic form, less ancient than the follow- ing ones, in XcMiophon : To y«p Knt'inOai kcù ày^pistadm Trapù-)^t Otpfj.aaiay ~iyà Kal vypoTijTU. Xen. An. v. 8, G. O^pfiT], ;;c (»/), fr. dipfioç, heat, prop, and fig. heat caused by fever: IIpiLrov fièy rijc A,t^aXi/c Oipfint ta^vuai. Thuc. ii. 49. Oeppi^TT);, fjroç (i/), heat, taarmth in general : Où yap IhpiAoTiiTor, oifiat, tpyoy \l^v')^Eiy, «XXa tov iyniTiov. Plat. Pol. i. 333, c. 283. 275 Qep\i(3i\r\, }jç (//), Ionic, heat of fever, in Hippocrates : 'Q^ç (282) ?'/ deof-iLoXii ài'(U)(0£Vroc roîi auj^aTOq v-ko toÎi l^pwTOç t^cXÔ?/. Hippocr. de Loc. 418. 283. Kc\€U€ii/, may be used equally, 1. of the inferior with 283 reference to the superior, to exhort, to direct by recommend- ing ; jubere : 'E/rft ce wpu »))' ol -tTaypiioi -n-paaiùrreç Xov- aaadcu uvrov (.KiXtvov. Xen. Cyr. viii. 7, 2. 2. Of the superior to the inferior, to order : Avrdp ô KrjovKEaai Xiyv- tpQôyyoïai KtXtvasv .... II. vi. -324. KcXeaOai, synonyme of KtXsvftr: 'AX\' tg /iiv MtviXaoi' èyù) kÉXo- fxai Kal di/uiya k\6iXv. Od. iii. 317- àva>YEvai., defective, in Homer, Herodotus, and the tragic writers, to order, to advise, urge: 'O S' ÏTreiTa Oiolç tv-)(iadai ài'il/yti vàcraç ê^siriç- II. vi. 240. IrréWeaGai, to command, to enjoin, to charge : ''Ev-eiXc'i- pevoç 01 (iTTO yXdxTcrrjç. Herodot. i. 123. èiriCTKiiTrTeii', to enjoin viva voce, to charge, recommend : Kal c)) vfily race È7rt(7K;//7rrw. Herodot. iii. G5. è-n-icTTeWeic, to send word or orders by letter or messen- ger, to dispatch an order or orders ; hence, more generally, to order: OV'JLfopoi -J yavc'ip^u> ÈTriartiXav. Xen. Hellen. iii. 1, 1. èiriTâacreu', to prescribe, speaking of physicians ; 'i2c TîooQhyuoç TOVÇ tTrirn^or-aç o ri ^pi] woieli' KaXoîxji. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 18. [Not peculiarly of physicians, but to order generally ; it denotes a command laid upon an inferior, race avro'iai i.wiTuï,oi'. Hdt. 1, 155; and also personally in pass, rave kiTt-â-)(Qr]aav TroielaOai, were ordered to build ships. Th. 2, 7.] TrapayYéXXeii', to transmit an order, or the word of com- mand given by the general : Kaî rJ levripo) kiciXevat ravro TovTO TTupayyeiXai. Xen. Cyr. ii. 4, 1. irpodYeii', to driie or lead forward, to cause progress to he made by others towards a point, or in any matter ; promo- vere : Tet^jMipofuvoi irporpé^^nadai jiÈr aidpojirovc ett' ôper»/i' k:pâri(TTOP yiyoyévai, irpoayayeiv ^' kn aVT)]v oi/j^ licavùr. Xen. Mem. i. 4, 1 . irpoordiTTen', to ordain, to order or direct, speaking of the 276 284, 285. (283) order established by providence, or by laws : "ETreira npocr- Ti'tTTovmr oùroTç fit) cXeVretv. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 2. TrpoTpc'iTcn', to turn in a forward direction ; hence, to urge fortcard, to lead on : 'E7r«(Tk£j/(i^£0a ct tl k<ù àXa^oveiaç àrroTpfiriijy rove avfùyraç, àpirijç tirifitXe'icrdui — potrptTTfv. Xen. Men. i. 7. 1. 284. 284 KeXû(|)os, ov (o), fr. tcaXinrrui, every kind of integument or outer covering, as bark of the tree, shell of the egg, &c. ÇAristot. Gener. An. ii. 6, 20), shell of fish, shells of nuts, and other fruits of the same kind; pod of peas, beans, Sec. : Ta ydp TrXoTct >)i' avrolç KiXixpi] capi/w»'. Luc. fer. II. ii. 38. K£Xû4)a>'o»', ov (to), according to the Scholiast on Lyco- phron, the thin skin which envelops the egg : K^Xv^â» w ffrpoptXof à)TTpaKu>f.iifj]i'. Lye. 89. IXuTpoi', ov (to), every kind of envelope, as shell of the nut or oyster, follicule, capsule, or seed vessel ; bow-case, sheath or shard of lepidopterous insects, in Aristotle : "En ^£ ra ^£1' t)^£« rûit' Trrijtwt' iXvrpoy rolç Trrtpolc. Aristot. H. An. iv. 7. 285. 285 Kcpaui'os, où (ô), thunderbolt {the lightning which strikes the earth); fulmen : To ^£ à(T7pd\l/(iy, ùia-vpuiOit, ptniioç a^pt ri/ç y/jc ciiKdtoy tctpavyôç >:aXt'i-ai. Aristot. de iMund. 4, 19. àorpaTT^, j/C ('/), fr. utrriip, lightning (the flash) ; fulgur : Kara ^£ r>/i' too licjjovç tn'prjsO' wpitjtisy rô vyivfiu kuI Xa/it//a»', à(Trp«7r») Xfytrai' '() Ô) rportpor ri/ç /Jpo»rJ/f Tpo- iirtaiv, voTtpoy ytyvptyov, Aristot. de Mund. 4, 18. 4ffT€poir>) and «rrcpoinj, r;c (')). lig/ilning (flash) : B;/ S' tfitv affrt- poTT}/ ù'dXiyKioç. //. xiii. 242. Aafiip' aiart aripowi} irarpôç Aiôf. //.xi. GO. Pporrq, »/ç (>/), the noise of thunder, thunder, clap of thunder: E«\r;9£i' ci iryivf^ta iy itott -rfij^tT re kol »or£p^ Vfjl tia»9£i' ci' ni^rou ptjyyvoy /jiniwr r(i «ruit^»/ 7r«.\//^Jora roû it'^ouc, lipofiiiy Kut Trdrayor an-f/pydcdro f.iiyay, (ipoyriiv Xcyo/ici-ur. Aristot. de Mund. 4, 17. 286. 277 iTpT) earth, in the treatise attributed to Aristotle : "E/cootoj' ^è TOVTdyv [sc. KEpavrôjy, Trprjtrri'fpbjy, TV(j)wi'i>)y'] /carao'C»;»/'"*' £'€ riji' yijy ffKrj-irToc oi/oud^erai. Aristot. de Mund. 4, 19. 286. Ke<|)aXi7, ?7e ('/)) head, [also fig. =] chief : "Oju^nra cat 286 KsfaXijy 'ii:i\oç Att, II. ii. 478. Ppeyjia, aroc (rô), the front part of the skull, from the beginning of the hair ; sinciput : Tovrov [sc. tov Kparlov'\ Be TO net' Èf.nrp6adioy, jjpéyfio. Aristot. Hist. An. i. 7. [To irepi tov È-/Ké(pu\oy 6c7Tovy. Part. An. 2, 7. 18.] Ivlov, ov (ro), the occiput, the hinder part of the head : To c' oTriadioy [sc. toîi Kpciyiov'\ h'ioy. Aristot. H. An. i. 7. Kapa and KoLpT] {to), the head, in general: 'Yipov Se icâp?; tX**- -^'• vi. 509. Kapr^vov, ov (t6). Epic, in the singular in the Homeric hymns : 'H SÉ . . . . iffffVfiîvwç wpovfftv an' dQavdroio Kap-qvov. Hymn.inMinerv. xxviii. 8. Kopcrr), Tjç ()/), in new Attic KoppTj, the two sides of the head, the part where the temples are : Tavpiay enc'iTuU x°P^~ yovvTu èirl Koppt^c. Dem. in Mid. 562, 9. For the whole head in the Alexandrine poets: YiârjGoya fxèv (pupéovcri cipijy, /ueyaXjji' èé te KÙpaijy. 0pp. Cyn. iii. 25. Kopu^r], fjç ()'/), highest point of the skull, top of the head: Méaoy c' lyiov tcu'i jipiyi-iaToc Kopv^i]. Aristot. H. An. i. 7. Hence top, summit of a mountain ; vertex : 'AKpoTurri Kopv(f>ïj TroXvcEÎpucoç OvXvfiTToiu. II. i. 499. Kpai'ioi', ov (to), that part of the head which is covered with hair, the skull, cranium: KecpaXrjç [j£y ovy fJiEprj, to jU£v Tpf)(WToy icpayioy KaXelTai. Aristot. H. An. i. 7. KpoTa•»;, v£), prop,, 1. to cry abroad, to proclaim, give public notice with the voice ; call, summon, in speaking of a herald, or public crier : Aavv k-tjpviaotrfç ùytipôrTtjy Kara rijaç. II. ii. 438. 2. To sell by proclamation, by crier s notice, or by public auction : 'ETTtKiiuvrrov ufia kcù ra xp»'y^/arft kcù to. awfiaru. Plut. Camil. 8. dTTOKTjpuTTetj', to prohibit or interdict by public notice, to disinherit, drive away : used of a father wlroni the law autho- rized to expel his son from his house, when he had reason to complain of his conduct : 'O rô^oç -ovç yoréaç ttou'i Kvpiovç ov ^ùvov diaOai rovrofia ît, àpi^^ç, àXXci Kay irâXiv iî,a\e'i\lai jiovXioyrai kuI ■àiroKifpv^ai. Dem. in Bœot. 1006, 21. ^TriKT]puTT€ii', to cousc proclamation to be made by the public crier of any public honour conferred, or penalty enacted : 'E.irsKt)pvEé -t ôç av à\iaKr)-ai t'c ro izipav iizi- êiair\î(i)f Qdiuroy r>)v C^^iav. Xen. Hell. i. 1, 1"). €iriKTjpuK€ueCT0ai, io send heralds or deputies as nego- tiators ; used of cities or armies that sent deputies to treat of peace, or of other affairs : 'ETriKijovKevovTai rip nptôru) Kai TTtidovtTi Tov àrtipuiTToy ifCovyai rd Trpdypad' avru'tc. Dem. in Zenoth. 888. KT]puK€u€if (»:»'/()vi), to he a public crier or herald, to dis- charge tiie duty or office of herald, to proclaim : Mi) ra Trap tKeitbiy upOwç ln:o—p(.n'oç, ov (Ô), basket for fruits or other things : "Ap' ovy, i(pi], Kcii Kucpii'oç Konpufôpoç kuXÔp iari ; Xeti. J\Iem. iii. 8, 6. Xdpm|, amç (>/ and ô), in Attic writers, chest, box, used of coffins, in Thucydides : AâpyaKaç Kvirapiaaivac ayovaiy âfj.at,ai . Thuc. ii. 34. rdXapos, ov (ô), basket, small basket [of wicker-work] : nXtJcroTç £1' TctXcLpoKTi (pépoy fieXirjcéa Kcip-n-ôi'. II. xviii. 568. [Cf. avKGfxivwv TctXapoç. Arist. Rhet. 3, 11. Often for cheeses, the whey running from it. Ar. Ran. 560, &c. ; and =s hen-coop. Tim. Phlias. ap. Athen. 22, d.] XTjXos, ov (//), chest or press, where clothes were kept : 289. KiGapioTTiç, oïl (ô), he who plays on ^i.e harp, harper : 289 'Rk yap Moucawv koL 'AttÔXXwioç av^ptc àoicol kaaiv etti xQoit Kai Kidapiffrai. Hymn, in Mus. xxiv. 3. KiôapuSoç, ov (ci), he who sings, accompanying himself on the harp : 'Apiova .... tovra KiQapwcov tOjv tote iovTwv ovcevoç cevTzpov. Herodot. i. 23. According to Aristoxenes, the KidapiaTïjQ used the KiQapic, the Kidapt^Sôç the icidâpa. 290. KXaieii', to weep, in speaking of a deep and openly-mani- 290 fested grief: AvTcip 'A^iXAeùç kXqu, cpiXov era'pou fXE^vi)- uivoQ. IL xxiv. 4. SaKpueii', to shed tears, denoting the physical act only: Ti-TE CECaKpvdai HarpdicXftc ij'vTE Kovprj vrjTrir] ; II. xvi. 7. •yoaciv, to lament aloud while weeping, to weep and lament, in Homer and the Tragic writers: Al fitv tri Çwôv y6ov"E/cropa. Jl. vi. 500. Opy\velv, to sing the funeral dirge called Opîji'oç, hence to weep and lament one dead : IXaua, Btwr, dpiqvEl. ae kXvtt] TïûXiç. Mosch. Id. iii. Bb 2 280 291,292. (290) ôXo4>up€a6ai, to bewail, lament, weep for : 'AXV up' lir' ovcoii i;'£ 7roAv.v/u/roy OaXâj^oio otKTp ôXofvpofÀéri). Od. iv. 718. TTCcôeîk', to be in mourning; hence sometimes, with the name of the person, to lament and weej) one dead : FaaTtpi o' o'vTTuiç tcTi vtKvy TTEvQijiTui ' A-^aiovQ. II. xix. 225. 291. 291 KKi-amv, to be a thief or robber, to rob, to steal secretly and with cunning: 'O^oXoyw KXizmiv' av è' où;^»'; Aristoph. Equit. 290. ôXaira^civ (XaTrâ^f iv), prop, to empty ; hence to pillage, to sack a town : Fi ojfftat 6' ti Kal Qiantaiy irokiv ovk dXaTrà^iiç. II. ii. 367. cvapî^civ itvapa),in the IWad, to spoil an enemy of his arms: 'EvTta TÙ UarpoKXoio fittjv tvapi^a KaTOKTOc. II. xvii. 187- ^Icvapi^civ, a rompound of the preceding word in the Iliad, and with the weamitf; of spoilitif; an enemy of his arms, often involving the notion of killing him, because in the heroic age llie conqueror did not take possession of the arms of the conquered till he had killed him, a custom which has continued .-imong civilized nations under the name of the right of war: EvpînrvXoç êi MtXaVOtov i^ti'cipt^iv. 11. vi. 3C. XtoTroSUTeik, to be a stealer of clothes, to rob, as a highway- man of any class : i\l») XwTroci/rJ/co', /") 6o)i'ir role TrXijaioy. Aristoph. Ecoles. 5G5. WpOciv, to ravage a country, a town : T(;ï ki Tâ\ ^ftvfftii irôXtç Tlpiàfioio âi'aKToç ^ipaii' vcfi' l'ifiiTfoyati' ùXolaâ Tt irtoBofiipt) Tt. II. ii. 374. (TKuXcôtik («TKÛXo»'), to take off the skin ; hence to strip or sjjoil an enemy of his armour or his clothes [but cf. PL Rep. 4G9, c. a^vXtviiy tovç reXtvriitratTaç ttXiii' ô-Xwr iiTticàr riKiiaojair, i) icaXwç tj^ei ;] : Kai rà /itV oTrXa tXa- (joy, TOVÇ ^È -^^iTÙiyaç ov^tyùç TÙ/y T7oXtTÙ)y icrt:vXtv(Tay. Xen. Ilellen. ii. 4, 12. 292. 292 kXÎio). ijc (»'/), bedstead, couch : 'AXX' (/ô; kciÎ rôi»' kXiyiôy Tovi: nùcuç in'i cairi^tûy riOtacriy. \cn. Cyr. viii. 8, IG. tùvr\, i\ç (»'/), in the Odyssey, a sort of mattress laid upon the bedstead ; and afterwards by ext. in prose [but rarely. 293. 281 PI. Polit. 272, a], all that made up the bed : "EySa 01 (292) ii^'delcai irvKivov Xé\oç, £fi(3â\eT Evrip', Kwsa Kal j^Xalvaç. Od. xxiii. 180. GdXafioç, ou (ô), bed-chamber, marriage-bed; thalamus: Ahràp £J' avTÙ ttsi'ti'ikoi'T 'érEcrav dàXafLoi. II. vi. 243. koÎtos, ov (ô), and koittj, rjç (>/), fr. Ktljxai, the first, poetic in the Odyssey, the second also in prose ; used of the bed-room, the bed, and the going to bed : Kai yixp ^rf Koiroio ra^ tirrrerai iicéoç wpr}. Od. xix. 510. 'Ettei èêÔKEE uipj] tTjç KoirrjQ Eirai. Herodot. i. 10. KpctpaTos, ov (c), small bed, in the N. T., grabatus : "Eyttpca Kui dpov rov Kpciliarôv aov. Marc, ii. 11. XeKTpof, ov {to), couch, bed ; in. the plural, nitptial couch in the Tragic writers : Kfl/xai tpi Xéicrpo). Od. xix. 516. Xe'xoç, £oç (ré), bed, principally nuptial couch or bed, in the poets : 'laroy i-jroi'^ofxévriv *rat kfxov Xi\0Q ayricidaav. II. i.3\. aKijxiroos, oêoç (6), Attic word, small and sorry bed, litter to remove the sick on : 'Eic rov erKlj-nroeoc cât^vovcri fx ilipTTovTEç 01 KopivQioi. Aristoph. Nub. 700. orpûfjia, uToç (rô), that which is laid doivn to serve as a bed; stratum : ^rpwjuara èÈ lOfji^evE ov-^ orra Trpôftara (pvEi Épia, àXX' oaa (povyava opt] te kui TrE^ia ài'irjai. Xen. Cyr. V. 2, 7. (rrpcj)xvii, îjç (»'/), fr. orpwvt'u/it, mattress or covering spread for sleeping, bedding, bed : Ov fiuroy tùç (yTpiûjii'hç fiaXciKaç. Xen. Mem- ii. 1, 30. 293. KoiXia, aç (//), fr. K0IX0Ç, 1. cavity of the abdomen, or 293 that particular part of the body which extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis, belly, abdomen : Kevr; tij k-oiX/cc tl(Tcpajj.ù)i> elç TO UpvTcii'E'ioi', Eira iruXiv ekQe'i ivXEa. Aristoph. Eq. 280. 2. Ventricle of the heart in Aristotle {^Hist. An. i. 17). yacmip, péç (>;), the region of the belly, as far as the navel, which contains the organs of digestion : Mt-à ^£ rov dwpuica, El' To'iç TrpoaQioic, yaoTJ/p. Aristot. H. An, i. 13, 1. B b 3 282 294. (293) TjTpo»', ov (rô), the lower-belly, in Xenophon : ET^oi' êè dtJouKaç Xn'oîic /xt'xP' ^^^ VTpov. Xen. Anah. iv. 7, 15. KCvccJv, Ù)voç (Ô), all that part of the htlly which is between the thorax and the groin, in Homer: "Stiarov Iç Ktviwi-a /3a\(ûv. Jl. xi. 381. Xoywi', ôi'oç (Ô and ij), lateral region of the lower belly situated under the navel, ^onA; ; 'Ynoppt^uy ce, rô fièy cic^vèç Xaywi'. Aristot. H. An. i. 1.3. Xarrâpa, aç (îi), flank ; ilia, in Homer: Ibv ci Kpiiuiv 'Ayaftéftvuiv ovra Kara Xandpiiv. Jl. vi. ^i'i. vrfiv^, VOÇ (v), belly, paunch, prop, and fig. : rvdOov re ^ovXoç, vrjSvoç y iisarifikvoç. Athen. x. 413. [In prose, /.«c.j 294. 294 KOfiT), »jç (»/), hair of the head, carefully dressed and arranged : "ETreira Irira covXog H/y KÔfirjr tx^'f i Aristoph. Av. 91 1 . P<îoTpvxoç, ov (Ô), curl, ringlet of hair : Kopac Cidcort irdvTq. lia ^oarçvxiov. Eur. Oresl. 1267. cdeipa, ar (//), fr. ttioç, hair of the head fashionably dressed, according to the grammarians; in the singular in the Tragic writers, and in the plural in Homer, in speaking of man and of the mane of horses: XpvaéijTiy iOeiptjaiy ko- fiûwyre. II. viii. 42. 0pî|, rnc^ûç (»'/), hair of fiian and beast : Aaiddç r Ik K((puXfiç ôXtau) Tpt\aç. Od, xiii. 399. irXoKafios, ov (o), fr. 7r\tf.w, ircss, braid, plait of hair : Xtpai wXoKupovç £;rX£s£ cpntiyovç. II. xiv. 1 70. irXox)iii9, ov (o), synonyme of the preceding word: II\o\';to( 6" ol Xpvai^ Ti Kai ooyi'ifMjj ia^u)fi(t fiovyoy. Ilerodot. vii. 70. Xairr], »;c (//), floating hair of the head, and more fre- quently vume of the horse, of the lion : 'Aj-npl K yaiTat Cjfioii ulaaoyTai. II, \i. 509. 294—297. 283 XaiTUfAa, nTOÇ (r6), horse-hair crest of a helmet, in iEscliylus: (294) Tpùç KaraaKtovg Xo^ovc OHti, Kpduovç xairu^i. Sept. 385. 295. Koi'iç, loç (II), dust of the earth : Tôvêe è' tacr/cei' èy kôvi 295 iicrarvffaç wpowoijréa. IL xxiv. 18. Kovia, aç { j'/), a synonyme of kôviç : Ilo^àiv è' vTTive.gQt Kovb] 'iaTar' àtipofiivij. 11. ii. 150. Koi'iopTÔs, ov (ô), dust that rises ; a cloud of dust : 'Yiro rCJv ro^tv^arwv Koi Xldujy àiro ttoXXôji' àidpî>)ivu)v jdirU Tov icoyioprov â^a (pepo^éywy. Thuc iv. 34. KOvicraXos, ov (ô), whirling- cloud of dust : "Qç tôt 'Axaiol XsvKoi vTTtpOf yiyoi'TO KoviadXt^. II. v. 503. 296. K(ipvs, vQoç (r/), brazen helmet: Tov p t(3a\e irpùJTOç KÔpvOoç 296 (pdXov 'nnroêaaeirjç. II. vi. 9. KaraÎTu^, uyoç (>/), a sort of liffht helmet, casque, or skull- cap, in the Iliad : 'A^^t èé cl Kvrérjy KtcpaXrjcpiy idrjKtv Tavpiir]y â(paX6i' -e iccù a.XXo(j)oy ijre Kuralrvc, uÉh:Xr]Tcii, II. X. 257. Kpacos, eoç (rô), head-piece of armour, in general, and of all kinds in the historians : Kat yap tVt -à Kpdiea Xôéovç èinHecrdai Kâpiç elffi o'l Kara^iEo-rrec. Herodot. i. 171. Kvvéi], 7JÇ (t/), prop, dog-skin, of which helmets were made ; hence helmet of dcg-skin, or of any other skin, and often {Od. xviii. 378) even of brass : 'Ap.(plSi oi Kvvsr]v KicpaXycpiv tOriictv Tavpin]y. II. x. 258. [Also Hdt. In later times a broad-brimmed travelling cap or hat.1 irepiKeejjaXaîa, aç (»'/), head-piece or helmet of the Ro- mans, in Polybius ; llpôç ce tovtoiç vcctoI cvo kcù irepi- KE(pciXaict ^nXc^. Polyb. vi. 23, 8. ttiiXtiI, ?;(coç (t;), fr. TrdXXu), helmet : "Qç krépuiff' îjfivffe KÛpt] TTijXjjKt jSapvvOtv. II. viii. 307. TpvcfxiXeta, aç (r)), helmet with a crest, in the Iliad : Uspi ëè rpvipd- Xiiav àtipaç tcpari Qkro fipiapijy. II. xix. 382. 297. Koû^joç, 1], light, 1. in speaking of weight, opp. to fiapvç : 297 'H arariict) roïi fDupvrépov kcil Kovcporipov (iTuQfiuv iari. Plut. 284 298, 209. (297) Charm. IGG, b. 2. In speaking of armour, and by ext. of light-armed troops : 'A-tVrfcXt ri]y Kov(pr]v aroarùiy, tviira TOXIC 'nrirûç. xPlut. Fab. 11. àpyéi (a, i)), agile, n\mh\e, epithet of dops in Homer: 'Evvia li ff(pi KÙvtç trôSaç àpyoi 'éirovro. II. xviii. 678. Aa()>p(>9, à, light in running, or in motion generally [not only witli réf. to motion: 'EXu(ppàv etrOTira. Xen. Cyn. 6. 1 1. Tô ci afUKctir iXnijtpôy (opp. (oanî/). PI. Tim. G3, c. *E\a^pà rà ()-Xa . . KiKTTiadni. PL Legg. 1. 265, d] : Aôc ci ol InizovQ ot TOI iXatppuTaToi dûiiv. Od. iii. 370. cùpdoraKTos (ô, >;), easy to carry : Elire Ka\ tijv avrriv fiTiycivilv, iovfrav fiir]v te Kai tvliâaTaKToy. Herodot. ii. 125. ôoôç, t; {B'tw), one who runs, fleet, light of foot or in motion generally, cpitliet of warriors, and particularly of vessels, in Homer: 'O yap i/XOe Ooàç tTri vFjaç. II. i. 12. KpaiTrvôç, T], rapid: 1,ivar' tirnr' àvà âarv, ttoctî «««(wvoltrt TctTroiiJiôç. II. vi. 505. Xai\{n)pdç, 17 (nîv^a), sudden, prompt, swift: "Qç alti 'A\i\îja kix'^- ffaro K?iiu pôoio, Kai Xai\pr]pàv îôvra. II. xxi. 2G'4. raxu's, i't», quick, alert ; celer : ITpocri'rt ci aàocpovç, Kai Ta\ùç, kai aoKvovç. Xen. Cyr. ii. 1, 23. ùkvç, ùa, fleet, swift, light: IlôSaç wkvç 'Axi^Xtî'C- H- '• 58. [Late in prose. jEl. Luc.^ 298. or)8 KpaiirâXT], 7]r (>'/), drtinkenness, continued to the next day; lunce, Lat. crapula : 'Ec KpnnruXrir: tudiv Eipiiyrjç (loéhaii Tpvj^Moy. Aristoph. Ach. 277. fji^0T), r)ç ()'/), drunkenness in the day-time ; 'A»i/o yap iv êtÎKyoïç fi' vTrepir\ijaOiic }iiQi]ç KoXi'i ~ap' out», TrXaffroç wç iÎTty irarpi. Soph. Œd. R. 779. )i^9v(ris. fwf (>";), action of getting drunk: Ai\^a Te \v(Ttftc\i]ç, Kai ft'fUutrtç ^aXtTTij. Theogn. 836. 299. 290 Kpairyi], »/c (>'/), fr. Kpa^nv, cry or shout of call, cry of joy, of wail, or of alarm : Kpavy//»' tc. tvdvç iiroiovy. Xen, Cyr, iii. 1, 2. 4XaXT)T<)ç, or (Ù), war-cry : 'Qc Tpwuy âXaXrfTÙç àvà arparbv tvpiy (ijPiJnu. //. iv. 436. [Also cry of woe. It. xxi. 10.] 299. 285 |3oT], Tjç ()'/), hattle-cry to frighten the enemy : Terofiivriç (299) C£ Ttjç j3oiiç ctyua Trj tTnCpoj-iji, kKnXriL,iç te iiéiTeati' àidpil)Truiç ài'idtffi Toiavrric fxdxns- Thiic. iv. 34. [By no means con- fined to hattle-cry ; but denoting any vociferous cry or shout : ' Ett a iroîii'T a . . . [ioij. PL Legg. 9. 876, b. " A^ov- aoi fjoat TrXi'idovc. lb. 3. TOO, c. KXavjioiai xal fjoai. lb. 7. 792, a. KpirovuL ftoij kcù ov ■J^»'/^w. Th. i. 87, 2.] Ivoirrj, tjç (»'/), n'SLT-crij, plaintive cry : ^l^ev è' tç îlpid^oio, kLx^v S' ïi'07rr]v re yôov TS. 11. xxiv. IfiO. 6opu|3os, ov (ô), word of the same family as dpanç, and of the same signification, but used in prose : Gopv/Jou iikovcte cià rwr ra'.Ssw»' lâyroç. Xen. Cyr. vii. 1, 5. [Often with /io>/. IIoXX^^ (ioi] Kat dopv[j(o irpoaiKEivTO. Th. iv. 126, Qôpvjiop Kal fioi]v. PI. Tim. 70, e.] Opooç, ov (Ô), fr. Qp'iti), covfused noise of a shouting multitude, of an applauding, or inurmuring assembly: Où yap Trdvrojv i)ep ùpàç Opôoç, ovd' ïa yiypue, dWà ■yXwfftr' tpÉpiKro. 11. iv. 437. ÔpuXXoç, ov (6), and 6pûXoç, the latter more used, and considered by the grammarians as more consistent with the etymology ; words of the same family as 6p6oc and QopvJDoç ; noise of persons speaking, rumour, clamour : 'EiKs-jr- To^iÉvuiv c' aùrcJi' tzvQev j/ arrdaiç, ?/ tÎç ô dpvWoç, Ba- trachom. 135. ia-Xq, )jç (»)), C7-t/ of combatants in the Iliad: 'Qç twv piGjop'evwv ■ytviTo ia^r) re (pô^og Te. II. iv. 45fi. l-u^ixos, où (Ô), cry or song of joy ; sibilus : MoXmj t iv^p('^ re iroal anaipovTic sttovto. 11. xviii. 672. Iwq, î)ç (j/), cry or shout of call: Tov 5' al>//a mpi (pp'ivaç ffkvd' Iwi). n. X. 139. KeKpaYixa, aroç (rô), and KeKpa-yfi^s, ov (ô) [in prose, Plut.'], shout, clamour, in general : 'AX.X' iviKuJpijV KiKpajpoîi. Eur. Iph. A. 1343. T})vSe p(v diKpolç toJOovv rr/v 6tàv KeKpâypaaiv. Aristopk. Pac. 637- KcXaSos, ov (Ô), fr. ksXw, prop, cry in hunting to animate the dogs [?] ; hence, noise, in general ; O't S' ûç ovv ÈttvÔovto voXvv KsXaSov napà fSovffiv. II. xviii. 530. [In Horn, of the battle tumult or din. II. ix. 547, &c.] KXaYYHi J/C ('/)) '"'■• «cXâÇoi, shrill sound, shrill cry of certain animals, as the crane and the hog, in Homer: 'Hvts Tvtp K/Xayyj) yfpâvojr TTsXti ovpavôQi Trpô. //. iii. 3. By ext., clang or rattle of a sonorous body : AtLvi) êè KXayyi) ykvET àpyvpkoio [3iolo (the twang of his silver bow). II. i. 49. Hence the Latin clangor for the sound of the trumpet. KoXcdiis, ov (Ô), according to some fr. ksXXoj, according to others fr. KaXkui; cry of the jay, clacking of the hen, by ext., brawling, scolding, 28G 300. 301. (299) "0"« of a'l'spn'c : Et ci) apiv ïriKa ôyijTÙiv ipiôaivtrov ùct, iv H GioIcTi KoXqjùv iXavi'iTov. 11. i. 575. iXoXvyq, r)ç {if), and ôXoXvyixos, où (ô), piercing cry, cry of rejoicing, howling: Ai c' 6\o\vyy Tràaai 'AGijry x^'^P'^C àpéa\ov. IL vi. 301. The second is the most used by tlie Tragic writers: 'Efftira ai) 6\o\vyfiov itpav cvfiivf] Tratùinaov. jEsch. Sept. 2G8. 300. '^"^ KpiTrjç, oîi (6), fr. Kph'eir, one who judges ; hence, ^'ucfi/e, in a very general sense, as the judges at public games, and particularly fig. : OnÔTe ^iv Ka-aaraQiir}v rov apfiOT-ovToc KpiTT/ç. Xen. Cyr. i. 3, 14. Siai-njTris, où (ô), an arbiter chosen in a law-suit by the parties engaged in it to decide upon the question between them: 'Esffrrw avro'iç (I'lpe'icrdai, ôi- cu' liovXwyrai, èiaiTT]ri'iv. Dem. in Mid. 545. Lucian {Dial. Mort. 20) uses alter- nately of ciKUffri'ic and ciuittjtIiç for arbiter. SiaXXaKTTÎs, oïl (ô), arbiter in private or political matters : OvT£ èiaWuKTtiy ovcéya ^tûyw»'. Dem. in Ohjmp. 1167, 15. SiKatnrôXos, ou (ô), dispenser of justice: "Svv aiir'i /iiv vltç 'AxitiLv ti' xaXàftyç (pixAovai ciKacnrôXoi. 11. \. 238. SiKaoTT^ç, ov (Ô), judge \orjuror~\ named or chosen by lot to sit with otliers in a court of justice : "Lvv ti3 rv^io ovv kiuXtviv àù TOY cii:acTT})v Tt/v \pfj(f>ov rideadai. Xen. Cyr. i. 3, 14. ■>]Xia(rrriç, ov (ô), Heliast, judge who sat in the Helia:îa or criminal court, at Athens, so called from >/X«oç, because it was held in the open air [much more probably fr. àXt'iç, uXl^ofjai. Cf. à\li]v TToulaOai, S:c. Hdt.'\ : 'LI yipomç tiXiuarnl, (ppâ-epeç TjOiw/îoXov. Aristoph. Equit. 255. UTTup (îffjj^u), prop, one who knows, who is acquainted with ; hence, arbiter, in Homer: "laropa û' 'ArptiC^v ' Ayap.t^%'oya Otioynv âfi. 11. xxiii. -186. 301. 301 Kpuimw, to cover, in order to secure or hide ; hence, to hide, i)rop. and fig. : 'O li {.nv aittcii KpvKratrKt (pasiKp. II. viii. 272. KaXûirrcic, to envelop, wrap, speaking of clothes; hence, generally, to cover, rare in prose : To»' ce oKÔrot oatjt Ka- Xv^tr. II. iv. 503. KCvOfiv, to keep shut up, with the iiitciilioii of keeping secret ; 302. 287 hence, fig. to hide, to conceal: Mi) Ktïide vooj, 'Iva tlSo/xiv a/x^w. (301) //. i. ;{63. CTKeird^eii', ^ cover, speaking of a cuirass : Ta juèp ceô- fxeya aKtTvrjç rov àydpÛTTov ffiCETrà^ny. Xen. Mem. iii. JO, 9. oreyen', to cover so as to keep secure, to place in safety, speaking of defensive armour : Ovre yap ol -n-lXot tartyov TCI ToUv^ara. Thuc. iv. 34. [In this sense of resisting what seeks to penetrate, arlytiv = to be proof against ; of a vessel, it is to be ivater-tight ; absol. or to vcu>p. It is, how- ever, also =: to protect, Trvpyoi -koXiv GTiyovcjiv. Soph. Œd. Col. 15. Thuc. uses artyecrdai = to be kept secret; not to be divulged, 6, 72.] oreyâ^eiï', a sort of frequentative of the preceding word, expressing the ordinarily doing it, to cover customarily : Kat TTcivTwv Twv (pVTuiy zaTEyatJnÉvov to aiio. Xen. Œcon, 19, 13. 302. KTeti'eif, to kill, used principally of men, and less commonly 302 of animals : Et ci k' 'A\ii,avcpov Kreivy t,avQoç M.i.vi\aoç. n. iii, 284. KaraKTCti'en', a compound more used in prose than the simple verb, to put to death, to kill, in general : Où jxivToi KaTtKaLvov ye ol stt' civtCjv 'nvwelç. Xen. Cyr. vii, 1, 10. Kaiv€iv, in the Tragic writers : ïtvç (s:âTTciK, fo cut the throat, principally of beasts in sacrifice (//. ix. 4G(j); hence, in general, to sacrifice, for to kill, to slaughter, in the Tragic writers ; ^o»'eûcik', in prose, and iTt<^y€iv, poetic, to commit a murder, to assassinate, to kill or slay, particularly in war : "AiuXo»' 2' up' tirtoye jioiiy ùyaQôc .^tof.iiit rjç. II. vi. 12. Tavrrj iirtia- TTEcrôyTEç TErapayf^Uyovç iipoyEvoy. Xen. Cyr. vii. 1, 32, 303. .■Î03 kûkXoç, 01^ (6), every thing that is circular, or in that form, circle, in general, orb, circuit : KîikXoç iarï rô tic TÛir t 304. 289 £/) [spira], whatever is wound or twisted rotind, a twist; spiral fold, such as the coil of a serpent: Apfkorra 6' 5c,- Tzay^pvaov hpcpiiTwv êépaç aireipdic tawî^e. Eur. Med. 481. rpoxos, ov (ti), fr. rpéx<^, wheel of a carriage ; 'E,^a\Xo- pévbjv TÛ)v TpoyCjv. Xen. Cyr. vii. 1, 28. rpoxos, ov (Ô), race, course, revolution : Kancrflt /u») ttoX- \ovQ iTL Tp6-)^ovç àfxiXXï]Tijpaç {jXiuv reXwr. Soph. Ant. 1065. [On the difference between this and the preceding word of. Ellend. Lex. Soph.~\ 304. KuXuci;/, prop, to restrain, hold back, in order to turn 304 away; hence to hinder : Kal -i]v opyijv kmXveiv elç to psra- lj.iXr](T6j.LEvov TTooiéyaL. Xen. Mem. ii. 6, 23. pXaiTTeiv, in Homer, prop, to embarrass, entangle, stop in its progress ; "oXv '*'' i^XaipOsvTi juvpi(civ(^. //. vi. 39. C C 290 305, 306. (30 J) ilpyeiv, to hinder from coming in, or going out; hence to hold back, to stop : ^^';Xw. Xen. Mem. ii. 3, 18. 305. 305 KWTn], t;c (»/), handle or hold of the oar; hence oar: 'Epl3aXtetv «rwjrjjc- Od. ix. 489. eXdiTrj, T]ç (>/), pine; lience the oar made of it: 'E~»)i' KeKafidiaiy tï'^icTryç fXcinjatv rrovrov tXavvovTfç. II. vii. 5. 4pcTp.é9, oi" (Ô), and èpiTfiév, ov (to), poet, oar : 'Savv Ctl Trapilvai KÙçifTfiwu t7ri(TTc'iraç. Eur. llcUen. 1267. 'Tr\6.Tt\, t)ç (»';), tlie blade of the oar; palmiila ; hence, by est., in the poets, oar : Tiviç ttot' tc yf/v Ti]vSi vaiiri\(,t> TrXa'ry ; Hoph. Phil. 2*20. TapcTos, ov (Ô), Attic Tappôç, prop, hurdle ; hence, by similitude, range or rank of oars, lying along each side of the ships of the ancients: KàvTaîit)' apwfjiy 'TAXi'tcoç ytîoç aKii'pdç rcioo-J /.arj/otf. Eur. Iph. T. 1316. [77j. vii. 40.] 306. 30G Ku(t>ôs, »'/, fr. KOTZTO), prop, blunted, obtuse ; hence dumb, in Herodotus : Tû/i' ovTipoç ptr ciiçOnpTo' >)!■ yap Ci) Kuxpôç. Hcrodot. i. 34. Kw^oc has since been used for deaf, in ^schylus and Aristotle \_Pl. Xen., Sec; the prevailing Attic usage. Cf. érfôr; below]: "IUokithc v oi"> iji^ovaaç', 7/ Kwcl»') At yw ; /Ksch. Sept. 184. aK^wv, ovaa [and dual aKiovrt. See Biitlvianu'x Lexll. on the pro- hrtlili" formation of ciK'nitv, from neul., 'iKaov, of an olil ndj. related to a(ci7»'], silent, mute : ' AXK' ÙKiovaa raôr/ffo. //. i. 565. âvav8o9 (ô, l'i), fr. aîilt}, voiceless, speechless: Ai/v S' àyiui «rai âyav^oi tç àXXt'iXovç ôpouii-ro. Apoll. II. iii. 503. AvavSriTOC (ô, »';), one who is without viiice, in the medical Alexandrine jioct, Nitaiider : .\.vii]iaaav tOi]Kiy àvavôt)TÔv irip iovffav. A'ic. /Ilex. 573. 307,308. 291 aveu, an Epic Homeric form taken for an adjective by the gram- (.jOG) marians, but which the best critics [cf. Bultm. Lexil.'\ consider as an adverb; speecldess, voiceless, from astonishment or fear: Tîttt' âveu) iytvtaet ; //. ii. 323. ei'eoç and èvveôs, <'i, born dumb, deaf and dumb, in Aris- totle : "OfTOt Kuxpoi yiroiTcii e/j yeieriic Trurrfç Kcù èv£ol yii'oi'-ai. Aristot. H. An. iv. 9. [i. e. it means dumb, but, from the fact mentioned in the passage from Aristot., may imply deaf and dximb, as in Xen. An. iv. 5, 33. PL Thœt. 206, d : Ô /J»; ÈveÔç t) Ktaéoç air op^jjc- j a^jucos (Ô, >;), one who is without voice, dumb : Ta fxkv aWa iTTieiKi'ic:, âfwioç êé, Herodot. i. 85. à<|MdVT|T09 (Ô, rf). one tvlio has no voice : Ylapiaxt ^uvi/v rolç a^wvjj- ToiQ Tivd. Soph. Œd. Col. 1283. A. 307. Xayxdi'eif, to obtain by lot, to have as share, after having 307 drawn lots, to have for one's lot or portion : Tùf fiera TraWô- fiEfoç cXï/pw Xây^or èiddc eTrtaQuL. II. xxiv. 400. KXTf]poCCT0ai {t^Xîjpoc), to put ta the lot, to draw by lot, to settle by lot: KXjjooy/ut'jove è" tkenro)'. yEsch. Sept. 55. RXiipocoficii/, to be heir ; hence to have a part or share, to partake, fig. : Tavnig yap ovkIt iyw rî]ç ula^vrrjç K'X?;porojU(Zi. Dem. de Ley. 444, 13. kXtipouxciv, to have a lot of land in a foreign country, to be a colonist : Tovç reTpaKia-^iXiovg K\r]pov)(^ioi'Taç twv linro- ftoriwy XaXiciMwv ti)i' ^wpjj»'. Herodot. vi. 100. 308. XafiPâ>'€ii', to take in one's hands, to seize ; hence, in 308 general, to take, lay hold o/any thing, or a part of any thing or person : Toi- ^è -Ktaùvra voèûtv eXafte. II. iv. 463. alpclf expresses more energy and force than Xapi3dveii', to catch at or grasp, seize what is pursued ; hence to take c c 2 292 309. (308) by force, to calch or take game ; in war, to take a town, to take an enemy prisoner: "Aîprjffrov c up' l-tira iSoqv ùyadoc yieyéXaoç i^tjui' tW It. vi. 3S, aipciv, poet, àcîpciv, and aipccrdai in the middle, prop, to lift up an object to take it. to take away; hence, fig., to carry off, gain, acquire : Kai «(TTTtrov îioaro kvcoç. II. iii. S^X aïwcrOai, a syncopated form of the preceding word: At^irtpy ê' ap' aV wfiuii' ah'VTO TO^a. II. xxi. 490. Sc'xccrGai, prop, to hold out the hand in order to receive what is offered or given, to accept : Kai rw ^w^iapxjj kcicoaay Xafspàiiiv on (dovXoito' o Ce àWo fiey oiictv icty^iTO. Xen. Jn. iv. 5, 32. Spâao-eif [usually in Mid.], poet, to take by the handful, to clulcJi, See. : Kôiwç Ctcooy/Jtjoc alfiaroicjcjiir. II. xiii.393. [In prose, licit, (c. ace. Koriv, 3, 13), and I'l. Lys. 209, e : Twy ttXaJi'], Kop.i|^€cr0ai, to carry off or away ; hence to gain, to receive: "OoTic ûr vjÀÛy vartooc t\6r} rov (TT}^tiiov ro rptwpoXov où Koi.ui't7(u. Aristoph. Vesp. 090. XoL^£(r6ai, an Ionic ful Kpic form of \ap.^dytiv: riprji'Étf iv Kovi- yaiv ôéà^ XaÇoiaro ■yaiav. II. ii. 418. Angl. to bite the dust. IxdpiTTCiv, to seise, lay hold of, or hecp hold of forcibly with the liand, to tuurli with tlie hands or feet : H pa coi afttpoTenac i — 't icapir<^ x''^,'"'C tfiaoTTTty OKanj. II. xxi. 489. [Related to «pTa'^w, rapio.] ipiytcrdax,, to hold out the hand to take or receive ns well as to give: Ov naiîùç àpî^aro ifiaiSipoç "Eicrup. //. vi. 466. [In prose àp'eyitv, to reach out to. Cf. 175. And in Mid., to desire, &c.] (^cpeif, to carry atcay what has been given ; hence to receive, to obtain, speaking of soldiers' pay, of alms: ToD apiKpuî) c' tTi fitwy (pipoyra. Soph. Œd. Col. ;"). 309. 309 Xa/xTrds, âloç ()/), torch, flambeau of resinous wood : "Eyftpî ifKoyiaç Xaptrdlaç iv xcpal riydaawy. Aristoph. lian! 3A0. Xafiimip, ïjpoç (Ô), luminary, or that which gives light, in general; 1. in the Odyssey, large vessel, stand, ov yraic in which dry wood was burnt to give light to large halls, such as those in which bantyjets were hchl : Aùnia Xci/irrj/.oac rpilç tarutrav iy fiiydfwiaiy uipna ^ueiiote»'. Od, xviii. 307. 310. 2'/), candlestick, in the Scriptures : Oùcè /cat- oKiTt Aû^voi' (caJ TidédaLf avTUi' inro tÙv jiocwf, à\A' etti :•>)»' Avj^j't'a»'. Alaith. v. 15. Xux>'Loi', ov (rô), /ar^e candlestick, or chandelier, in Lu- cian : Tt'Xoc ct, 6 'AXkim'juac àrarpé^aç to Xvj^i'/o)', crKoroç jiu'ytt ki70Lr\(je. Luc. Conv. 46. Xu^i'oç, ov (ô), small and portable lamp : Tovç Xuj^vouc à-oijpéaaç. Aristopli. Plut. 668. Xuxi'oûxoç, ov (ô), lantern, among the ancient Athenians : <ï>ajj £(r vwtvOvrovç Xv^rov-^oç. Aristoph. Ach, 936. irupCTos, ov {!)), fr. irvp, in Homer, Jlre kindled on high ground, principally to serve as a signal in time of war, a signal-jire, beacon ; hence lighted torch : "Afxa ù" iitXiio Kctraêvi'TL irvpaui -e (pXeyiQovaiv ènyrpi^oi. II. xviii. 211. [So Hdt. vii. 182. iv. 9, 3.] (|>ai'oç, ov (Ô), fr. faiyo), 1. flambeau, torch: Ovêè ycip VTTO c&aroD rùf ïri éjucppovpoy 'i^taTi TropeveaOai, Xen. Lacced, 5, 7. 2. Lantern, in debased Greek. iravos, 01' (Ô), another form of the preceding word, and used more especially by lliu Tragic writers, ^a»ifcenfî< ; Kai TrtXaç âXXoç avTOv Travhv TrvpicpXiKTOv a'ipii. Eur. Ion. 195. 4)puKT6s, ov (Ô), dry wood ; hence torch for signals in v/ar : $pvKTo/ TE r']poy-u tg Tctg Qi'ifjag TroXifiioi. Thuc. iii. 22. 310. ^ XcYeif, is used of every kind of oral communication, 1 . to 3 lo say, in a very wide sense; dicere : 'AXrjdî) Xiytig. Plat. Charm, 166, a. 2. To speak, in general, to express one- self : Ovcè yap Xîyeiy olvg t djii. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 12. 3, To speak ivith art, as the orator, or eloquently : Aiytiv ai) Itivôç. Soph. Œd. R. 535. dYopeûeif (àyopct), to speak in or address an assembly, to speak in public: hence to harangue; concionari; to sag in c c 3 294 310. {310) public, or announce ptiblicli/: "A/i^i ce fidmr iZ ùcwç àyô- j)£V£, //. i. SHô. [e.g. in the I'amoixs formula: tic àyo- ptiitiy i3(jv\trai ', But also more generally: e.g. of the /ûîi)s, considered as addressing the public: »o/ioi, y^ji^ipiayLara, &c. PL Dem. al.] aYOpaccrOai, synonyme of tlie preceding word: 'Ayofji'/aaTO Kai litritirrn'. 11. i. 73- à8oXe(Txeî»', to he a prater and babbler; hence to speak at random, idlj' and carelessly : Ovkow y' rtr oifiai el-t'ty -iia rvr ùt^oviravra ovè' el K-w^iwcon-otôç en], wc ùco\ecT)(^ûi. Plat. Phœd. 70, b. avSqiv, to raise the voice, to speak and say : Kai tjv^a iiâmç àfiv- fiojv. IL. i. 92. pd^Eiv. Henry Stephens derives this verb, of Sanscrit origin, from what he gives as the more ancient form of it, and itself formed by ono- matopy, viz. /3a/3a$tii', from which he derived the French bavarder. According to its liasiern etymology, fial^nv signifies to speak, in general, although the sense of speaking lightly is perceptible in it, in the following verse : "Of \ trtpov ptv KivQti ivl (pptaiv, âWo ci /3uséi. H. ix. IllH. YHpvïi-v (ytipiiç), to raise the voice, to speak: Ov fit) Trap' ôx^V Tcice yiioian. Eur. llippol. 243. SiaXeyeo-Sai, to discourse, to converse, to discuss, used of two or more persons, to confer, to hold a parley : K«i Se- yo(pwr CiiXeyero avrolç Ci e^f.n]yiu>ç irtpl ajruycwy. Xen. Anab. iv. '2, 18. ciiT€ti', an aorist improperly attached to (payai or \iytiv to complete them, but having distinct and peculiar meanings of its own ; it denotes what follows upon a conversation, or discussion; hence to advise, to propose: "^inpia^a ttirev ly vfxiy 'Api(TTo(pÙiy. Dem. in Timocr. 703, 11. «tpeic, to say [not in this form. Ep. près, e'lptir, Att. fut. t'l'i'i', Pert". ti()rj»v«, t'uni^iai, ptfOiitTo^Kii, eppijOijy, Src], 1. in order to give an answer, to express an opinion, a wish, a determination, in the sense of cominanding or for- bidding, to Jix, to agree, to prescribe: "VAtyey on èh'iKoi av7($'i !i \i>('iy(iç ()ç f/(»»//i£roç i)y vann^uyeiy. Xen. Ilellcn. vii. 1, 28. 2. For to announce, give notice, inform: Kai tniffd/i 7tra epovyra, on (TvyyiyiaOiti uvru> ^(-j/'^oi. Xrn. An, ii. T), 1. XaXel»'. to speak or talk without choice and without order, as in the ordinary intercourse of social life; sometimes to 310. 295 chatter, to babble, to speak like an infant; loqui: Uaiêâpiov (310) 0£ w»' CiiiôruToi' KaXely è^ÔKow thai. Xen. Cyr, i. 4. 12. Opociv, to speak loud, to shout; lience to say, to speak, in the Tragic wriiers: 'Q nal, ri Opoùç; Eur. Hippol. 213. (ivOcicrôai (/ivooc), poet, to manifest, express one's tliought; hence to sinj, to sjiiuk, with the idea of reflection, or, better, of concealing nothin;;: 'ETTfi /xaV ai'wyag akr}Qta nv9)](Taa6ca. II. vi. 382. ôapî^civ (ôcip), to talk, to converse, or live in intimacy and familiarity, used of the intercourse of intimate affection or love, such as that of the husband with his wife : "001 y ôdpi^e yvvaiKi. II. vi. 516. TTK^avtrKeiv, an Epic and elongated form of T)|j.i^6iv {(prjur)), to make one's voice heard ; hence to pronounce, to promise: 'Ht Ka\ Ao^iaç i(t>r]p.i(jtv. .Xsch. Choeph. 558. (jjoeYYCfoon {}yi])y poet, to raise the voice ; hence to speak. 29G 311,312. (310) soy : 'ilç àoa éi)Ot S' Ivacia fiçoTÔivra, KTtlvaç Stfiov âvSpa. II. vi. 480. Xâ(}>ûpa, u)f (tû), spoils taken from an enemy yet alive, booty, rare in prose ; manubice : Aâtpvna ctjioy covpvTrXrj^d'. JEscli. Sept. 278. CTKÛXoi', 01/ (ro), and more commonly in the plural ctkûXo, spoils taki-n from a conquered enemy, in Sophocles and in Thucydides ; spolium : Yliptrni; te Tnoiui, ffKÏiXa t iç fiéXuÙna ah Ttif-ixl^eic. Soph. Phil. 1426. The grammarians understand it more particularly of arms, and in Euripides {Phœn. 577) it seems to be taken specially for the shield alone. atcvXcvixa, aroç (ro'),a synonyme of the preceding word in Euripides : >l>pi'ytd Tt atcvXirnara. Eur. Trocid. 18. 312. 312 XeuKos, )'/, white, in general : 'AfieXyrptrui yûXa XtvKÔr. II. iv. 43». à.pytw6/), feminine, pre- 314 cious stone : KvXir^oîxri Xidovç VTTip Tavrrjç Tfjç l-rrepe^^ovcrrjç TTÉTpaç. Xsn. Anab. iv. 7. 4. Xi0ds, âhoç (Ji), heap or shower of stones : 'Avpo/3ôXwv o £7raX^£Wj' Xidàç k'pj^Eraj. Allsch. Sept. 63. Xâas, àoç (ô), slone : Avràp virepQev irvKvolrnv Xâeacn KanuTÔps- aav. II. xxiv. 798. KpoKaXi], jjç (>;), shingle or «anc? on the sea shore : El£ov alyiaXoîai Trapo r£ KpoKaXaiç. Eur. Iph. A. 211. Trérpa, oç (//), rocTc, piece of detached rock : ''E.tcvXlvcovv -TTirpctç. Xen. Anab. iv. 2, 20. The foundation stone of a Imilding, in the N. T. : Kàyw ci aoi Xéyoj, on av et IIÉrpoç, Kui Ètti TcivTrj ry Trérpç. oiKoConîiaw p.ov Ti]v èk'icXrj- (jiar. Matth. xvi. 18. TTCTpos, ov (6), poet, and according to the grammarians, Attic, very large stone, rock; saxum : BaXwj' [.ivXaeicei TTt'-pw. II. vii. 270. [In prose PL Legg. viii. 843, a. Xen. An. vii. 7, 54.] X«p(Aa8iov, ov {to), fr. xïi'p, stone that can be held in the hand, in ilie Iliad: X£0/iacîî(>j yap j3\iJT0 irapà ffipvpov OKpiôsvTi. 11, iv, 518. XepiJias, à^oç (»/), shower of stones in ^Eschylus : Tot ^' Irr' dpfi/So- Xoiaiv IdTTTovai TvoXiraig ^fpjua'5' oKpiéecrffav. JEscJi. Sept. 278. ij/r]({>iç, "iloç ()'/), small round slone, pebble, calculus, in Homer: 'Ytto ilirt]f(^f>i, Kcù iyitoyro irâffai ai/y Kptro/joûXw. \en. Convie. V. 10. Hence, fig. the result, the rote, the ballot: '^nidvfitiaai'TOÇ rov Ci'jfxov wapà tovç lofiovç èri-ia arpurr]- yovç fit^ xLtiÇio) (iKOKruyai îrcixTnç, oùk' l'/iJtXijaEf tTrtv^ijytffai. Xen. Mem. i. 1, 18. 315. 315 Xôyoç, nv (à), 1. what is said to give an account; hence, discourse, talk, in opp. to fact : Tovç /j//re Xoyw /^u'/rc tpyw w(pt\ifj.ovç oiTaç. Xen. Mem. i. 2, 59. 2. Discourse, com- position in prose, often studied discourse, such as those delivered on public or private matters, from the place assigned to the public speaker, or in the courts of justice, and the length of which was determined by the clepsydra, oration, speech; oratio : Aoyw fxty yiip cuiyi'icrarjdai ovk ày iKayôr fiui yivoiTo to vCu)p, Dem. in Olt/n p. 11C4. alvo^, 01' (o), recital, tradition; start/, common or proverhiai sni/ins; : 'Û yepov, aïyoç p.'iv toi dpvpuiv, ov Ka-(\t^aç. Od. xiv. 508. [Cf. 195.] eiros, (.or {to), poet., word, speech, discourse : \\Tpeici], TTolôy ae Ittoç , in grammar: "Kï wi' rû rt ôyôpara koî tU pt'ipuTu (TvyriOeyTai, Plat. Crat. 425, a. 316,317. 299 pT]ais, sLjç {))), fr. pé(o, conversation, proposal, in the (315) Odyssey: AWhp Ukoveiç ^vdu)y îif.itTépu>v kuI pij/reojc ; Od. xxi. 291. [Ill prose, speech, discourse: fnKpdv pijfriy airo- reiyeiv. PI. Pol. G05, d. And narrative />-< rov 'A/j-cpiovoç. PI. Gorg, 506, c] pi^rpa, ac (>/), Doric word, action of speaking, or right of speaking, or permission to speak : 'E(c ràç fiwXàq Xa^iùv ptjTpay. Don. de Coron. 90. <|>àTiç, loç {■>)), what is said, common talk, common tradition: Eî ^j) ^driç tTVfjioç. Eur. Iph. A. I^G. 316. XoCrpoi', ov {to), poet. XoexpoK, fr. Xou£'.j', water to wash 316 ivith, or for bathing ; hence, hath : "Ofpa ttiKoito "EK-opt dipfia XoETpà fiâ')(^r)ç kKioarî^aavTi, II. xxiii. 44. 'H invl) Xovrpov àXi]dii'û>ç icci-(t)7rTEvdi]trai'. Xen. Œcon. 10, 7. Xoûrpi.oi', ov {t6), hath-water : KÙk tùv fiaXavEnov irieTat TO XovTpiop. Aristoph. Equit. 1401. XouTpû»', ù)voç (ô), hath, speaking of the place only : "OiOTE 'AXÉL,ai'êpoç ô jjaaiXevç iv rw Xovrpwyi TTvptTTWv iKÛdtvcEv. Plut. Quœst. Conv. ii. 734, b. PaXamo»', ov (-o), bath, place where the bath was, bath- room : Kal Xovaâpevoc Xnrapoç j^wpJi»' iic fiaXaviiov. Xen. Œcon. 9, 5. 317. Xupa, ac (>/), a word not known to Homer, lyre : "E^wv 317 i;éXaêov £7rrarô>ou Xvnnç. Eur. Iph. T. 1129. pdp|3iTo; (i)). and pdpPiTov, ou C'"'')i ^yre, in Anacreon : 'A (3up- ^iToç êè xopËalç tpwra jiovi'ov r/xtï. Anacr. i. 3. KiQapa, ac (»/), harp, triangular stringed instrument, but different from the modern guitar : Kai Xa/jojra ti)v Kidd- pT}y aravTa kv rolai lcu)Xloi(n. Herodot. i. 24, Ki9api9, IOC, (>)), JEoWc form of the preceding word, and the only one used by Homer, harp, lyre; cilharis : OÛk âv roi i^paiajuj; KtGapiç. II. iii. 54. Later it seems to have differed from the harp (KiOdpa), and was played without tlie accompaniment of the voice. op|j,i'Yl, jyog (?'/), lute, lyre, in Homer and Pindar: Ov fikv (p6p- fiiyyoQ TTtpiKa/WÉog j))' 1^' 'An-oXXwv. //. i. 603. X«Xvs, vog (>'/), the lyre made of the shell of the tortoise, by Mercury; testudo : Ka0' iiTTÛrovôv r dpeiav x^Xvv. Eur. Ale. 449. 300 318, 319. M. 318. 318 fxdycipos, ov (ô), head-cook, master'Cook, steward: Ktù i'ip^aro ^Èy ci) àir' ifiov v /.iclyeinoç, -i/y Trpû)TT]v irtpiocof irepiftpwr. Xen. Cyr. ii. 2, 2. âpTajjLos, ov (ô), sort of maître d'hôtel or gentleman-car- ver; he helped those at table to their several portions [al. COok'\ : Kat Ô âprafioç ojÔjuej'oc avrov ovcty trt ^tiadai ov^ou. . . . Xen. Cyr. ii. 2, 4. eScajpoc, ov < ô), fr. 'lew, taster, an officer at the court of the kings of Persia, according to Athenacus : 'Ekt'iXouv cl, (pr^ai, Kai TOVÇ —poytvffraç îctdrpovç, vti irpai'icrdior riiji' iJaaiXtwv TTpoç àff^ciXfja»'. Athen.'w. 171, b. In Athenasus's days the tciuTooc had the charge, in great houses, of the daily service of the table, he was provision steward, or a kind of gentleman-carver, a very honorable office {Athen. iv. ibid.). cXearpoc, ov (ô), fr, tXtor, 1. the officer who carried the invitations to guests admitted to the royal table ; locator : E\£C(rpo( Ce. KaXovrrai, wc aai- \iKi]v KoXovvTic -pÛTTi'Cay. Athen. iv. 171, b. 2. Accord- ing to Ammonius, cook. 6i|/oiroioç (ô, »/), he who prepares the dishes for the table, cook: Kdi n'a fiiy //Ct'wc ^"yj/C ù\lo~oiovç /jr/j^arw^t» >j. Xen. Mem. ii. 1, 30. 319. 319 K»lti» vc (»/), sort of bread, or rather of cake of barley- meal, made up with honey, salt, and water : Kal fii'iiroT avrfic [JûCny iiciu (jn'iyoi. Aristoph. Par. 3. ia\api-n]<;, ov (ô), fr. ia^mut, cake kneaded with honey and oil, ;ind done in the frying-pan, a kind of fritter, or wafcr-cakc : K<«( aKÛ'iTT]9(t), ou (ci), fr. tTTJ'oç, roll halted in the oven called (319) 'iTri'oe : Oep/ÀÙiy iTrviriov Eiadiov. Timocl. ap. Athen. iii. 109. KpiPa>'i-n]s(î)) ov {(')), bread or piece of pastry baked in the oven called Koiftarac, or country-oven : IIpo ■kolvtwv tv'Cv- HOC T£ Kul icaXwç (jjnTrj^ét'Oç o âproç Ïcttui Kpi^javirriç où/c lTrt'iTr]ç. Galen. de Antid. T. xiv. 46, 18. KoWaPos, ov (ô), small cake, a kind of roll or long bread : Boûi' àTTTjvSpdi^iC oXor, TrXaKovirag &wrct Ko\\dj3ovç. Aristoph. Ran. '509. KoXXtl, IKOÇ (Ô), bread baked under the cinders among the Thessalians : KôWtt QeacraXiKÔç aoi vTrup-)(^ÎTio, ov KciXéovin I (Cfliot Kpi^LficiTtav, 01 o' àWoi •^ôvZpivov apTov. Athen. iii. 112, b. TTcfifia, aroc {to), in the plural, pastry, pastry- vpork : OvKovv Koi 'Attikùjv 7r£jUjuaVaii' raç ^oKovaaq tirai evTriidelac; Plat. Pol. iii. 404, d. irXaKoûs, oïit'Toç (ô), a flat, round caJce ; placenta : Xai- psT, âi'Cpiç, nâv L,vréTrr]adé f^oi irXaKovvTuç 'éêecde. Aristoph. Pac. 13.55. iroirai'ov, ov (rô), a thin, flat cake, small and round, which was offered to the gods : 'Ettei Se /3wy^w irÔTvara KudtjaiwOr]. Aristoph. Plut. 659. iropafioOç, ovrroç (ô), a cake of wheat and honey ; given as a prize to him who kept himself awake till day-break on a night of revelry : *H>' c' àvaictiq. irapeXdrjc, i)nerepoc ci Trupa- fiovç. Aristoph. Eq. 277. 320. fia^oç, ov (Ô), pap or breast of man and woman, in 320 Homer: i:ievpi)v iiev jju^u TriXuaev. Il.'w. 123. fiaoTo's, 0Û (6), a lengthened form of the preceding word, and more used in prose : " ArOpio-n-oç ^ilv ovv k<ù 6 drjXvç cat 6 apprfv 'é-^Ei jjLaa-ovç. Aristot. Part. An. iv. 10, 43. The grammarians improperly apply this word to the breast of the woman only, and particularly of one giving suck, •Dd 302 321. (320) deriving it most ingeniously from fiiarùç yâXaKroç, full of milk. By]\r\, j/c (»/)i nipple or end of the breast : Toûrw»' >'/ drjXi) CKpvi'iç, Cl >/c Tolr 0;/\f(Ti 70 yctXa Cir]f)e~irai. Bristol. H. An. i. 12. koXttos, ov (o), bosoyn, lap: 11 ô' apa f.uy kijojcH cétaro ^ÔXttw. //. vi. 483. oû6ap, ciToç (rô), dug, pap of animals only : 'Ey y -6~u) r'a ovOaru riDv Trpo/Sarw»- tariy. Aristot. H, An. ii. 1. TIT0OS, tw (Ô), teat or nipple ; hence, in general, the breast of the woman : Kck', i») At', n-Oovc y' wo-n-fo >/^£7f ova: tx^'* Aristoph. Thesmoph. 040. titÔioc, ov (ro), puv (Ô, »)), tender, epithet of the infant in arms, in the Iliad: na7<5' ^7r« taWmf) f^"*"^' àTa\â(ppopa. II. vi. 400. ■ripr\v, tiva, poet, tender, prop, and fig. ; in prose Ttpd- fiMv (Ô, »'/), tender, speaking of vegetables fit for dressing (Theophr. C. Pl.iv. 13); tener : Tiptra XP''" yî'^tç icoy- rai. II. iv. 237. XauMos {!), »/ [or jj, ov, as in the example from Plat.]), prop, luoset lax, speaking of any thing woven, or of a i 322, 323. 303 thread ; so/if, speaking of the snow : "Oo-a Be ye av r»)»' ^èv (321) Hvarpo0))v ^(Civvrjr \anJoavEi. Plat, Polit. 282, e. [Also of wood, porous, &c. t,v\u fxavd kol "^uiva. 2'heoph. H. P. 5, 5, 3; offrait, j.iijXoi'. Ath. 85, 2 ; oî ^eûï, Jlahhy, adpt, ')(avyorépa, Ath. 309, b.] xX.i8av($S, /;, tender, delicate ; hence effeminate, principally in dress : X\tSav)'iç ïji3)]ç TÉp-ipiv. jEscli. Pers. 544. 'A\Kt(3ia£j]ç tv 'luivi^ xXiSavÔQ. Plut. Alcib. 23. 322. p,aW(is, ov (Ô), lock or curl of wool, long wool, fleece sufficiently long 322 to be cut : Elponôicoi S' oitç fiaWolç Kara(5ij3pi9a(n. Hesiod. Op. 232. epos, ioç (rô), poet, eipoç, ivool, in general: AiiTctp Itc' avT(^ ^\a- KÛTt] Ttrâwaro iodvecptç dpoQ txovcra. Od. iv. 135. Ipiof, ov (rô), poet, cïpioi', a length of wool ; hence, in general, and more frequently in the plural, wool for the wool-worker: "H ol AaKeCalfxoi'i. j'aterfiworjj ijaKeiv e'ipia raXa. II. iii. 388. Xdxfoç, ov (Ô), and Xdtx»'Ti, J?c (>/)> nap, down, silk, wool of animals ; laiia : Aâ^) a) aTtivùpLzroç Kat k^oi. Od. ix. 445. To)»' tcai Xff^r)] èépi^a KUTaerKioi'. Hesiod. Oper. 511. iroKos, ov (6), fr. ttEkw, jleece : 'Aoyi/T olùç eveipov ttoko). Soph. Trach. 675. 323. M'^XTj ^^ ('/)» combat, battle : Maj^aç èé aoi kcù TroXépiovç 323 àcjiaipw. Xen. Cyr. vii. 2, 8. àpT|ç, 60f (ô), Ares or Mars, the god of war, in the Iliad, sometimes ior war itself, the fight : "Iva ^vvdyuptv âpi]a. II. ii. 381. Sais, îôoç (r/), torch ; hence flame of war, combat, in the Iliad : Où yap pt'iKixQç icKS irar?)p rtàç tv ëai Xvypy. II. xiv. 739. Stjiotiis, rJTOç (r/), hostility, carnage : NDv piv iravawptcjOa paxriQ Kal StfioTrJTOç ariptpov. II. vii. 290. Stjpi,;, log (>/), quarrel, struggle, combat; certamen : O'lTtipi Trârpriç àvôpâai êvapivktaat ttôvov kuI crjpiv lOtvro. II. xvii. 158. kXiSvo;, ov (ô), tumult of the engagement, disorder, confusion : 'Ev ëè kXÔvoj' 'Apytioimv ijKt icaKÔ»'. //. xvi. 729. IxdOos, ov (ô), shock, charge: OlSa S' tiraî^ai pôGov iwirdiv ojKtiduJi'. //. vii. 240. (lûXos, ov (à), prop, fatigue, work, struggle of war; hence combat: Hug T dp' loj ptrà pwXov ; II. xviii. 188. D d 2 304 324. (323) ôiilXoç, ov (ô), crowd of combatants, sometimes engagement ; the Fr. nu'/ée ; Tr/v fiiv âp' 'Ipcc i^ovaa iroCijvifioç tÇay' ôfiLXot: 11. v. TToXcfjioç, ow (Ô), Epic TTTÔXeiJios, engagement, the drawing near for war ; lience, 1. battle, combat, war, in Homer: Tî ^' oimrrtviic iroXif^ioio yt'/), fr. 'lor/j/it, feminine adjective, with ellipse o( va^ivq, close rnmhal, pitched battle ; stataria : Olêa c' tvl craîty ô/iifj ftiXiri- aGai 'Api/j. //. vii. 241. v»' ^epwy o\a titra îVepa /itp>j îx^' ^*' "i'~'^^C. Aristot, 11. An. i. 1,2. fxepos, foc ("Ô), a fart of the body : "ErtKo icot kâXXouc rôi»' roû (7<î>juaroç ovroû fJtXùy Kcù ^tpwr. Plat. Legg. vii. 795, e. fiopio»', ou (ro), yjiVce or part of the body of animals, in Aristotle and Galen : ïwy iy toIç iiwotç fiopitoy rà fiiy ierriy ùavrOera. Aristot. Hist. An. i. 1, 1. apSpoi', ov (rô), articulation or juncture of the members of the body ; artus :" Apdpa Ii \npoc koX jipa\iuyoç Kapirûç. Aristot. li. An. i. 15, 4. yvlov, ov (to), extremity of the member», nrpvcialli/ the feet and hands ; 'Ytto rt Tpôfioç îXXajSi yvTa. It. iii. ;14. KwXoc, ov (ro), 1. the whole, distinct niember, itself com- posed of other members [fJiXr]) ; special design.ition of the arm and leg in Aristotle : KwXov ci to ^liy (tup£ic, prop, to mix up the meal icith leaven, to knead the bread ; hence to wet, imbrue, and so spoil : Aavpuo-u' t'ljiaT 'tfvpoy. IL xxiv. 162. <|>opvv£iv, to mix, to put together any how, pell-mell, with the notion of confusion, disorder, and spoiling : "Sîrôç re Kpta t' otttU (popivero. Od. xxii. 21. ^opv(T7c »/^jc (»'/), fr- ^aim, poet, the part that has fallen by lot to each person in the division of life [his allollcil portion of li/c] : 'Eirii vv roi (iiTfi /lii'uj'flrt irip, oî'Ti fidXa ^i/v. II. i. •lir» €Î|iopp.^vT], >/c (''/). participle passive feminine, taken sub- 328. 307 stantively in Plato, the part assigned ; hence, the destined (328) lot, the destiny : "On r»/»' tlfxapfxtprji' ovè' au eïç tKcpvyni. Plat. Gorg. ôl2, e. [So Dem. de Cor. 205 : tov tyiq djj.ap- (.lirrjc Kai tov avTOfxaTov Qdvarov Trept^tVft.] Ki]p, r]ç6ç (y)), fatal law, and particularly that of a violent death ; in the Iliad, deity accoitipanying warriors, resembling tcie Valkyrior of the Scandinavian mythology: 'Effrt êi Trcivréç fiâ^trvpoi ovç jxri Ktjpeg t^av Qavdroio (pépovaai. II. ii. 302. kXtjpoç, nv (o), fr. i:\aiw, any thing that served as the lot in drawing lots ; in Homer, it is a small piece of wood or stone, or a bit of earthenware, &c. thrown into a helmet, lot; sors: Ol Se KXijpoi' ècyr)iJ.{)pavTO EKarrroç kv c i-JDaXov Kvyét]. II. vii. 171. Afterwards, the notion proper to the word was lost, and it was taken fig., in prose especially, 1. for drawing by lot, election by lot; hence, 2. by ext., the result, that which has been drawn by lot, portion, and espe- cially in an inheritance ; hence, inheritance, in the Attic orators: "Ej' re rw k/\/;pw /cal èf rrj ^upoToyiif. Xen. Ath. 1, 2. But in the phrases that refer to election by lot, \pii^oç is more used in prose. See "^rjfoç. Xa^oç, eoç (rô), what has fallen to one by lot, lot: ']î,(Tti aoi jxhv TÙiv Xâ-xoç- Pind. Nem. x. 85. iraXoç, ov (ô), fr. ttc/XXw, the action of shaking or ballot- ting the lots or votes ; hence it is translated by lot in cer- tain phrases, in Herodotus [Pind.] and the Tragic writers : TlûXatç 'EJjêofjtaiç npodlararrai ttciXw Xa^ovrtf. /Esch. Sept. 118. Tre-TrpcofAeVT), rjç (?'/), feminine participle, taken absolutely with ellipse of fiolpa, lot assigned by lot ; hence, the lot, the destiny, in Herodotus and the Tragic writers : 'H Treirpu)- lifvr) è' ii-yei Ocii'e'ii' àêeXfijv rw3' èjuijv it' r/^art. Eur. Hecuh. 43. [Pseud.-Dem. 60, 23.] iriiT|X09, ov (Ô), fr. TrtVrw, prop, accident ; hence lot, almost always in speaking of death, in Homer, more generally, in the poets after him, lot, destiny : Tvdeiiç n'tv /cat rolaiv auKca Tror/iiov t^rjictv. II. iv. 396. TUXT, VÇ (»'/)' that which befalls a man, that which hap- pens, that which reaches (comes to or upon) a thing ; hence, 1. chance, in opposition to intelligence, design : Tawro ovTU) TrporoijTiKÔjç TTETTpayfxii'a ànoptiç Trôrepa rv^jjç y yvw- fiqç epya kariv ; Xen. Mem. i. 4, 9. 2. Fortune, good or 308 329, 330. (328) bad luck, according to the epithets or the context : Kat a^a Taî/ra Atyw»' kuTicÛKfwcre r;)»' Èavroîi ru^jji'. Xen. Cur. V. 4, 34. 329. 329 fAÛ9os, ou (ô), 1. fable : 'A\.V ù-E^riDc irarà roi' Ataw— ou f.ivOi)t'. Plat. Aie. i. 122, f. 2. Story of an Epic or dra- matic poem, in Aristotle: "Etrrt èè rffc fxtv irpâi.ojç 6 fiîidoç il nifiTjfTic. Aristot, de Poet. 6, 8. àTToXoyos, OK (/)), APOLOGUE : 'A/W o'v fitiToi (rot, »/»' c' lyi-j, 'AXkoou yf. ÙTrôXoyof ipû>. Plat. Pol. X. G14, a. N. 330, 330 ^'aoç, 0Û (o), fr. j-ci/eu', the part of the temple where the statue of tlie god was ; hence, in general, teviple of a god : Aiyinu yap tic tov taoy eKTiotra irpoffiiirtly avTor. Xen. Apol. 15. Syto»', ov (to), sancttiari/ of the temple at Jerusalem, often in tho plural, in the O. T. and N. T. : Mfrà ci to ctvripov KUTairiraafin at:i]\ii >/ Xtyofxit-tj ayia ây/wi . Hcbr. ix. 3. aSvTov, 01» {to), that part of the liuildinp in temples wliich it was forbidden to enter, sntirtitari/ ; adi/litni : Arràç ^' AifiUip ;ia\a nio- VOÇ iK ùcvToto >/«• ^t- V. 512. [In prose, Jlcil. and inipropriè, /*/.] àvaKTopov. ov (r<5) (âraÇ), palace of princes; hence temple, in the poets: Kai Oiùiv àvâicropa tpôvtfj Kara^ptî. Eur. Troad. 15. Upôv, où (rô), sacred enclosure, comprehending not only the temple («otic), but all its dependent parts, all the buildings appropriated to the service of the temple, the sacred woods, &'c. : Tàippov ^iv kvkXi^ Trcpi to tepoy »:ai roy ytwi' tfTKiiTrroy. Thuc. iv. 90. ^AaOpov, ou (ro), roof, sometimes in the plural in Tr.ipic writers, for thi' lioiisr, ihv ptilnce of a god, as ti-cla in Latin: 'Eyti S" 'EXivtjv 7,tiy6c ptXdOpotç irtXdaut. Eur. Orest. 1083. 331. 309 Trpocreuxiî, »7c (»/)) prayer, and, by metonymy, pZace q/'(330) frayer, oratory, in the N. T. ; proseucha (Juven. Sat. iii. 299): 'Ei,}i\6(ifxev tï,u) rijç ttÔAewç irapà Trorafxov oîi kvofxi- (e-o npoaevyij uvai. Act. Apost. xvi. 13. cnr]Koç, ov (ô), sheep-fold, space railed in, enclosure ; septum ; reserved and enclosed spot where the statue of the god was ; hence, in general, temple, in the Tragic writers : "Ij'a y£ ar)KÙç âjoaToç. Eur. Phœn. 1753. According to the grammarians, a^KÔç was especially the temple or chapel of demi-gods and heroes only. TefiCKoc, (.oq (jo), fr. TÊfxvu), prop, reserved or appropriated portion of land, the ground or land \_precincts\ belonging to a temple : "Ectti he iv rw tiixIvel tov îlptjréoç Ipoy to icaXéerai ^dvr]ç 'Acppodlrrjç. Herodot. ii. 112. According to the grammarians it was the sanctuary, or that par- ticular spot in the temple where the image of the god was placed. 331. l'aûç, aôç {ri), ship, vessel, in general, the kind and size 331 of which are determined by an epithet ; by itself it princi- pally signifies, in the poets and historians, a ship of war : TaJv fiÈf TTtvTiiKovTa véeç kIop. II. ii. 509. aKaroç, ov (ô, »y), particularly in the poets, light vessel, hark ; actuaria : 'Ard èè Xal^oç wç riç UKcirov Ooàç rivâ- L,aQ hai^wv. Eur. Orest. 335. dK(XTioi', ov {to), a diminutive of the preceding word, very small hark, small skiff, pinnace : Ki'ipvm te TrpoéTrEfx\pav avTolg kv ùi^utÎm. Thuc. i. 29. SiKpoTos, ov (//), prop, a feminine adjective, with ellipse of vavQ, Rhodian vessel with two rows of oars ; dicrotum, hirernis : 'E^iTrAEixre èè Tpialv 'EXXrjyiKolc fÀVondpojffi, kul êiKpoToiç 'icraiç 'FoèiaKoiç. Plut. Lucull. 2. ciraKTpîs, iêoç (>;), fishing -boat, or hark : 'AAkt/3ta'2?jC i^icay Ik rwi' KXa^ofxevwy avi' ttÎi'te rpi/;p£(7t Kcti ÈTruKTplêi. Xen. Hellen. i. 1, 11. ciTaKTpoKcXT]ç, TjToç (o), pirate vessel, brigantine : Tovra £te Tuv iTTUKTpoKiXriTa. ènl3tf3âi^ei. jEschin. in Timocr. 27, 9. 310 331. (331) TÎfiioXt'a, aç (»'/), taken substantively with ellipse of vaîfç, a vessel with one row and one half row of oars, and, on ac- count of its lightness, manned by pirates, ace. to the fol- lowing passage of Theophrastus : '0 cà ceiXùç roiovrôç tiç oïnç' TTÂewi', Tciç akjjaç ôXKiok', ov (ro), bark or boat towed by a large vessel : 'EtciXivat T0VÇ ravrac ro iipôXKiov Trapa/JaXe/i'. Plut. Pomp. 73. irdpaXoç, ov (>V), fr. dAç, the galley Paualus ; the sacred trireme of this name at Athens, which, with that called Sala- minia, was used for conveying tiie dewpoi to the temple of Delphi ; those vessels were kept always ready to sail upon state occasions, and were so employed, even in time of war: UpocriXniie ci irapà rwy 'Adrjyaiwy nai tt irov tiç yavç TTEpl Tt)y 'Arrikj))- tTrXtt ko» r»)i' llaoaXoi' Krù rijy ^aXapi- rUiy. Xen. Hell. vi. 2, 8. ttXoIo»', ou {to), fr. TrXt'w, vessel, transport, merchant ves- sel : K<«t irXu'iu TrXtl iy avrulç criTaywyâ. Xen. Anab. i. 7, ir,. Trpwpo, oc (»'/), prow, fore-part ; Euripides uses this word, by a beautiful metaphor, in a sense that makes it synonymous witl» ruûc : los, foe (to), hull, carcase of the vessel ; hence, in general, in poets and historians, boat, craft of any kind : 0« KopivdiOL tU aKCKpT] i^ev nv)( tiXtcor ctralovfiEPoi rwy veà)v dç Karaèvcreiat'. Time. i. 50. CTxeSîa, aç (»/), any craft made in haste, raft in Xenophon (Anah. i. 5, 10); hence, in poetry, vessel, ship, as ratis in Latin : Tctc irovroirôpovç o' Èo'^f ay(thiaç,. Eur, Hec. 107. TpiTipTjç, foç (>;), trireme, vessel of war, so called because of its three banks of rowers on each side ; or, according to others, because there were three men to each oar : AiyoiTai Kai Tpit'ipsiç Trow-ov if KnpîrOu) -îjç 'EWci^oç j'nvTrrjyrjdijvat. Thuc. i. 13. In ancient times the triremes were the ves- sels of largest size until the end of the Peloponnesian war ; after that time larger were built, having twenty banks of oars, and even more ; but how these were arranged, is a question that has never yet received a satisfactory answer. ' 332. feoç, ia, 1. young : 'H yu>))' kch vioc iaal, Èf^toç H K£ kch 332 Tratç t'irjç. IL ix. 57. 2. New, as regards time, in speaking of things ; a use of the word more peculiar to poets : Mrjêè fiévEiv olrov Ts riov. Hesiod. Oper. 672. Kaifos, {], refers rather to actions, customs; 1. recent, modern : Kol /^atva kcÙ TraXaià Trapa/), a synonyme of vioc: Tî S' tan Wipaaiç vtoxfiôv ifiiSpitiic KOKÔv ; jEich.Pers.QQl. TTpoaToç (é, >;), fr. ^«w, prop, that which has just been killed, speaking of meat; hence, by ext., speaking of flowers, fish, blood, quite fresh, quite recent, new, prop, and fig. : 1'ov 7£ yap fit) 7riJ0ff(f>aT0v CtXfaTOç ovk idiXovrriy aTrrtaQai. Aristot, H. An. iv. 8, 19. [Oï anger. Lys. p. I.'jI, 5 ; Dem. 788, couples together vtuXij^ ku\ Troôac^oroc, of a young and rigorous person, opp. to one TtTapi\tvyii\oq KaX TroXvy xpô- 333. 333 ►'€4)cXt), i]ç (//), cloudy vapour, mist, cloud ; nebula : 'J-^Ta(s«C' narpiç Atôc £»>•■ >fÇ»fXaa»»'. //. ii. 146. >'€4>os, OVÇ {j(>), dark and overspreading cloud ; nubes : 'II c It, àipoç tlç vrup vit\7]ç TrtpiTTupa TÏjç tlç uCtjjp av-/tcpirj£u)c. Aristot. Meteor, i. 9, 4. 334. 334 fdfios, ov (Ô), fr. vifiu), written law : Nô^oç ^t itrriy ajJoXoyriiAa iroXtwç KOirùr ^là ypafii.idru)>' TrpoardTTOV ttùç Xpi) npd-Ttiy tKnara. Aristot. Ret. ad Al. 2. C0OS, £oç {to), custom, usage, unwritten law : 'Opw yap iy Tolç avTo'iç yo^oiç rt icai tdtai rpto^iyovç noXv ciaéipoiraç i'lXXiiXioy. Xen. Mem. iii. 9, 1. Oepis, IOTOÇ (>;), established order or usage ; 6ép.iaTts, in Homer, ordinances, statutes, latvs : Ol rt Oipiaraç -pùç Aiôr ilpvnrai. II. i. 238. ÔcafAo's, (w (ô), fr. TiQrifxi, 1. established order, natural law, conveys the notion of an immutable order, of a law not to be changed in anything : ITapà yap rovç tùv Otùiy dtaftovç ■jTciiTfi rit Tontîi-a tn-nt. Xcn. Cyr. i. (j, 6. 2. Institution, statute; at Athens this was the name specially given to the laws of Draco {A'J. Var. Hist. viii. 10). {>y]Tpd, Ci<: (»'/), ordinance, injunction, name given to the laws of Lycurgiis at Sparta: M«a fitr ovy ruiy ptjrpwy j)r, uxTTTip itui}rat, fit) ^pj/aOot vôfÀOiç îyypn'/), intelligence : 'H ^f KaXovnevr] yvbjfjir], Kad' f/y Evyvoj/joyuç Kcii 'f^tiy (^ajj-tv yj'wju»;)', r/ tov tirieiKovç ecrrt Kpl(7iç opd)). Aristot. Eth. Nic. vi. 11. [Also opinion, judge- ment of the mind ; and purpose.~\ Sidfoia, ag (>/), intellectual faculty ; hence mind, thought, intelligence : Kat iv w TraVrec rijv hiâvoiav f-iEiovvrai. Xen, Mem. iv. 8, 1. 0ûp,os, ov (6), the heart is sometimes in Homer the seat of the intelligence ; hence mind : Avrap lyio dvfiûj voiio KUL olêa tKaara. Od, xviii. 228. vQy\\i.a., arvç {to), the result of a mental perception ; hence thought, judgement, design, in Homer and in Plato : TjjXe- /io)^', ovkItl toi (ppipeg ïi^TreèoL ovês rvrip.a. Od. xviii. 215. [Also as act of thought in Xen. Mem. iv. 3, 13 : Bùttov loy'lfxaToc vTrrjpeTny, as quick as thought.^ vor](Tis, fwç (>/), operation or perception of the mind, in- tellectual vision: 'Hytto-flai av avTOV voi]ati, dW ovK 'ôfÀfxa- div Qeu}çûv. Plat. Pol. vii. 529, b. CTove/), understanding, conception, facility of conception, intelligence, discernment ; hence prudence : Kat kyivvriaev ai'QpwTror, o irvviati re ÛTrepE^ei rwv ctWwv /.at ê'iKrjy /cat diovç roixi^ei. Plat. Menex. 237, b. ^pr\v, £j'oç (r/), prop, diaphragm, in Homer, is the seat of the intelligence, of the instinct ; hence, in the poets, and principally in the plural, <))pec€ç, mind, sense, good sense : EÙ yap h) Toêt 'icfiey iyl (ppecriy. IL ii. 301. 336. leVos, ov (6) (e^), poet, leii-ùs, !• stranger, in general : ~Qj 336 ^ùi'oi TÎvEç tare ; Od. ix. 252. 2. Guest, speaking of the E e 314 336. (33G) stranger received in hospitality in opposition to IttrocOKoc : Tov yap r£ £,£'iyoç ^ifiiiffrKtrui j/^aro Trcivra. Od. xv. 54. Used also in prose and verse of him who entertains the stranger. 8opû^€foç, nv (Ô), prisoner of war reduced to slavery, but who, attcr having paid his ransom, returned home, and was considered ever after as the (/uest and friend of his former master from having partaken of his table. He then ex- changed the name of CopvâXoj-oç for that of copvUvoc {Plut. QucEst, Grcec, 17) : Kù^ot yt irày-wi' (piXraroç luovléywy. Eur. Med. 687. lSiô|€f09, ov (Ô), host, with reference to the obligation of reciprocal entertainment between private individuals of different countries, in opp. to irpôUvoç : Kal waTrto oZy tctoiiyoïç ^pwfiiyoy rulç èictWi. /Elian, de Nat. An. ii. 6. ■iTpo^€i'09, 01» (6), proxenus, was the name of that particu- lar citizen in a city, who had been selected by those of another city to manage its affairs there, receive its ambas- sadors, and support its interests by his influence, a kind of agent resembling our consuls or residents [though the dif- ference was great, since the Jirst men of a state thought it an honour to be the TroriiEjot of other states]: Twr cî Aaki- èaifjoyîu}y Kai Trpiafiiic AOifyrjffiy trvy\at oy Ijirtç Trapà K(i,\- X«ç[ TÛ Trnoiéyu). Xen. Hellen. v. 4, 22. aXXoSairos (ô, >'/), of another country : 'Eini (xtpieriv tpf.tn •jrôXijoç tCTKE kaî àWûèa-rrûç ntp i'jjy. Il.xvi. 550. [In prose A'eH.] àXXoxpioç, ici, of or belonging to another, of another kind or species; hence, 1. strange, alien, opposed to 'ihoç and oii^t'ioç : Atyw te rà ciio, rù f.tiy u'lKt'toy Knl Ivyyeyîç, to ce àXXôrptov Kfii àdyt'ioy. Plat. Pol. v. 470, b. 2. Of another country, foreign; peregrinus : 'AXXôrptoç (puiç. Od. xviii. 218. àXXo(|)ûXoç (/), >/), of another tribe or race: Kai àWo^i'- \ovç i'lfxn liyrjffâiJtyoï. Thuc. i. 102. P/), the name given by the Greeks, first to the Medes and Persians, and afterwards to all foreign people ; hence /orc;7Hcr, one who is not a Greek: Ka\ IvyijOt] rijy ciuiTuy /je/J' OTzXwy tnon'iaayTo, uiamp o't pap/3«po«. Thuc. i. 6. 337. 315 ÈluTcpiKoç, j'/ (è'sw), from without, external, in general : (336) hence, specially, exoteric, speaking of public instruction or treatises of philosophers : Kot yap iv role klwTtpiKolç r Xéyotç èiopi^ù^eda nepi avrôjy iroWciKiç. Aristot. Pol, Î iii. 6, 5. lirrjXus, v^oQ {o, y), one who comes from other parts to settle in a country, foreigner; advena : Aljjveç fxiv cat AlQioiTEç avT6)(doi'£ç, ^oipiKeç êè /cat "K\\r)i'£ç ÈnîiXvêeç. Herod, iv. 197. ôômoç, eia, foreigner, of another race, in opposition to (HKEioç : 'AnoXtiirovrac ràç twp â.\Xu)v ^vrovffiaç kuI oiKeiwv Knl odpit(i)y. Plat. Protag. 316, c. o. 337. oSo's, OX) (>/), road, way, prop, and fig. ; via : "AXXrj 337 aviTo^wrépa bhôç. Xen. Cyr i. 6, 21. dyuia, àç (//), street of a town : T>)v avrriv 6êov avTiç ivK-iiuiraç Kar àyvidç. IL vi. 391. d|j.a^iTÔç, oïl ()'/), prop, carriage-road, high-road: Kar' à/ia^t-o»/ kacnvovTO. II. xxii. 146. \_Xen. Hell. ii. 4, 7.] àrpa-TTOç, ov (?/), Ionic and Epie, dTapiros, path, beaten ivay, and from which a man is not to turn aside : "E\(cw(t' £s optfK icaTa. iranrakotatjuv àrapTrôv, II. xvii. 743. l_Foot- path, Th. iv. 36. PL Phcedr. 66, b.] kcXeuOos, oi;(r)), act of going, step, walk [as connected with *£X£Û0aj?] ; hence road, way : "Oç k'iv roi t'inytrw ôêbv Kal pkrpa KtXevdov. Od. iv. 389. Xaupa, ac (>/), street, narrow street; angiportus : 'Hv Hoc èç Xaûpjjv. Od. xxii. 128. \_Hdt.'] o7|ji.os. OK (Ô), poet, path, way: Maicpôc êk /cat ôpdioç oï/toe trr' avri)v Kal rpjj^vç rô TrpÙTov, Hesiod. Op. 288. [In prose, PL Rep. iv. 420, b.] Tpi^oc, OD (Ô or >';), beaten road, high road: Srf/fl' at piv vpwv Tovc àpa%r]Ç)r) rpî/3ov, ai ë' tvOcic' âXXov oïpov. Eur. Oresf. 1251. [In prose, Xen. Cyr. iv. 5, 30.] E e 2 316 338. 338. 338 oSu'ni], 7}ç (»'/), poet. SuTj, t;c (n)» and ù8îs, Troc (>/), physical pain : Talc ôcvyaiç tTriTpifttt rovg àydpÛTrovç. Xen. Mem. i. 3, 12. ôXYt^ft ôvoç {I'l), poeL, moral pain : 'Eydi yap iç Tovr' t»:/3é/3ijic' «iXyrjCovoi'. Eur. Med.bi'i. [The word is very common in P/., and prin- cipally as opposed to t'lCorty. e.g. l'icovàç Kai à\yr]l6i'aç i^TroKivrraç. liep. V. 464, d. Often coupled with 6ilvr}: e.g. Phil. 42,(1. àXyijCÔviç Kai àSvvai. Also in Isocr. viii. 40.] aXYHM-*^' cToç (rô), cause, subject of pain : 07/iai fitv àpctîv «roi yf Kai TÙ a , (1 râXaç, à\yi}jxa& , Hart fir) rà rwv rrkXac arivuv. Sopli. Phil. 340. SXyos, £oc {to), physical, and more frequently moral suffering, pain, ill : 'iic ct) rove' iitKa aipiv 'Ev?//3ôXoc oXyta Ttvyti. II. i. 110. [Rare in Att. prose.] àvCa, aç (r;), sadness, distress, chagrin : M/; iror' àvîjKearov, Kvpve, Xâ/3yc ôvf»;»'. Theogn. ^^}. [Also in prose several times in Plato.] axos, 10Ç (to), moral pain, affliction : 'AXXa fioi aiviv âxoç akOiv tctatrai at k« Gàvyç. II. iv. IGD. [In prose, Xen. Cyr. vi. 1, 32.] KTjSos, £oc (to), pain at losses undergone, moral ill ; cura : Tpweaai êè K/'/ct' ((pf/irrai £\- Atoc. //. ii. 32. [Rare in prose, PL Rep. x. 605, d.] Xo-mrj, »;c (i/), moral grief, grief of mind, vexation, sadness: '\i]v dvfiuiiupoy 0ptyi \virr]y. jUsch. Agam. 103. (icXcOTjixa, aroç (rô), that which troubles, anxiety : Xvwv fitXtSi)- [lara Ovfioii. Od. xxiii. 343. pLcXcSûv, ùiroç (»'/), and (xtXcSuvr], i/f (»'/), fr. fiiXw, trouble: TlvKi- val ÈÎ ^01 àfi. TrcV6o9, £oç {to), mourning, grief, regret at a loss : Mf'ya ((. (pptai ntidoç (.^(^ovTu. Od. xxiv. 423. [In prose Hdt., /'/.] iTOk'09, 01», labour, pain, trouble, prop, and fig. : 'Arap ov Td' t;^fi notoy. Od. -\iii. 423. «^povrU, î^oç (»;), prop, thought; hence, in poetry, anxious and troubling thought: 'EXTrif duûvtt Apovri<5' a;rXij(Tro»'. Aùsch. Agam. 102. 339,340. 317 339. oiKeîoç, eîa (oîi^oç), one who makes a part of the house- 339 hold, of the family, a relation, a connexion, domestic, na- tional : "lia Kai o'iK<^ Kcil olt^éraiç Kal oiKiioiç /cot (j)iXoiç Kcxl TToXti Kal iroXiratç êvyairro KoXwç y^pîjaBai, Xen, Mem. i. 2,48. oUciaKos, /y, domestic, used of all living in the house, whether free or slaves : Et tov ohoSeanÔTTjv BteXi^eftovX èKÛXeaav, Trôtrw iiàXXov Toîiç oiKeiaKovç avrov; Matth. x. 25. oîkcus, ioç (6), in Homer, he who is of the house, of the family, friend, relation, domestic : "Ofpa 't^wyuot oiKiiag, uXo^of TE }Tr»'/ptéi' a(j>i [Dondétiv wç lovrtov cty^iaTtiov, Herodot. v. 80. At Athens, it was he who, as near-kinsman, and, in accordance with Solon's law, was obliged to marry the orphan daughter of his relation. o-uYyecrjs (o, >/) (yci'w), more distant relation, and who was not appointed to inherit ; cogiiatus : 'Efxe jxovov ov yii'waKfiç, (J KvpE, Twi' crvyyEvwv ; Xen. Cyr. i. 4. 27. 340. oÎkoç, ov (Jj), 1. house, home, abode: Ouw if ?/^£-£pw. 340 11. iii. 233. 2. All the house, and, fig., the family, race: Oç KUKci jXEv irXelara 'EXXj/rwv EipyaajJ-nL tov iifÀtTepoi' o'lKoi'. Thuc. i. 137. 3. House, and all belonging to it, possessions, properties, fortune: Ohog tî Coke'i yn'iy eIpqi; àpa OTttp oiKia ; j; Kui orra tîjç olKiaç 'e^(û tiç ekekttjto irayra TOV o'iKov ravrci iariy; Xen. Œcon. 1, 5. oÏKTjixa, aroç {to), that which serves for a dwelling, in general ; hence the different parts of a house, room or chamber, inner hall: Ta ohy'ifjiaTa UKocofxriTai ■n-pog avro Tovro EijKEyijj.iva, hnwc, hyye'ia wç avfi/ Totg fjiiX- Xovaiy kv avTo'ig 'Éatadai. Xen. Œcon. 9, 2. [Also in Attic = 2>^^son.^ oiKT]ai9, Eù)ç (>;), action of inhabiting, habitation, dwelling, residence: KaiBiffâvdrii' o'lKricnr cwctuj. Xen. Anab. vii, 2,38. E e 3 318 341. (340) oÎKia, «c (//), house, prop, so called, used, 1. of the building only : C)t».twi' -/dp ov\ vrrap-)^^ovaûn-, ùW îi KuXvijaiç irriytipitlç «5pç£ irovç ciuiTutfiéi uti'. Thuc. ii. 52. 2. House, Jiousefiold composed of masters and servants : Otua le riXeioç tt: covKwr Ka'i IXtvQipuir. Aristot. Pol. 1, 3, So^o^, 01» {'o), building ; hence house, famili/, prop, and fig.; domus : Airopnv ^pTifia cvaTv\ù>v êôftoç. Eur. Or. 70. Sûfxa, aroç (ré), building that supposes more art, palace of Rods and princes, in Homer : 'O S' air'tairvTO CijJfiaroç"EKTwp. II. vi. 390. Su, Epic abbreviation of Sùfia, and even of Ci^fiara, in Ilesiod : Naiti x9^'^^^ ^*'- Theogon. 933. éoTia, aç (»/), hearth, for house, land we live in, country, in prose and verse : VvvaiKac î\(>>v èvo, lilàç lariaç oivee . Jferodot. v. 40. Ikéyapov, ov (ro), fr. f^iéyaç, great hall of a palace, in Homer; hence, in the singular, palace, residence: Kai î(inyf»' Èk jjLtyiipoio, Od. viii. lOG. )i.ïXa6pov, ov (ro), prop, great beam which supports the roof; hence, by synecdoche, in tlie poets, the roof, meaning the palace: Wpiv fit Kara vpi}viç fiaXéiiv lïpiâ^oio fi'éXaÔpov. II. ii. 414. (rriyT], jjç (>'/), roof; hence, in the plural in poetry, and I sometimes in prose, dtvelling, tent, house, &c. : Ovic d av t I o'iKovi, (TV Te, Kptuiv, Kara ariyaç; Soph. Œd. Ii. (537. OT^-yoç, loç (rô), and tc^oç, loç (ré), roof; hence palace : TôS" t»'(Ç()/ie»'0( tJTÎyoç cipxalov. ^Esch. Pcrs. 145. Xiipwv rpaipe \i9iyi{t 'lârov' tycov riyn. Pind. Xetn. iii. 93. [Téyof :=. roof\u prose. Th. iv. 4». Xen. Hell. iv. 4, 12.J 341. 341 oîvoç, ou (ô), wine ; vinum : 'Ayopi ce Kucfirju/n /.léyoç fjtéya ûJioi; àîin. II. vi. 2G1. âKpdTo;, ov {(>), pure wine : "lOi rvr, àt:paroy lyKâfa^ôy fxoi TToXvv airovciir. Aristoph. Equit. 105. ^aKXOÇ. ov (ô), n.vcciius, god of wine: 'Ettî calra ràv diùv Koa- r-»)j)(i !■{ UcÎk^ov. Kur. Ijjh. .1. lOlil. It is only used for wine itself by later pods, and in the .anthology. |U9u, uoc (»■(}), unmixed winp, pure wine: IToXXô»' 5' Ik Kipâfiutv ^'tOu niriro rolo yt'povroç. II. i\. 4b'9. 342, 343. 319 3'42. oTT-Xov, ov (to), instrument, tool of every kind, in Homer ; 3^2 hence, in the plural oirXa, in the poets, offensive and, par- ticularly, defensive arms, such as the helmet, the cuirass: 'A/uu»'r//|Ota cnXa. Plat. Legg. xii. 944, d. In the historians, it is used principally of the great shield carried by the heavy-armed infantry or ÔTrXlrai, particularly in phrases relative to military tactics. This shield was the principal piece of armour, and the honour of the soldier was attached to the preservation of it : Eî ftovXoiPTo rà ottXci Trapaêovyai Kot (T(pàç avTovç ^Adrjvaioiç. Thuc. iv. 37» PeXoç, eoç {to), missile weapon of any kind; telum: "EXks 0' vtt' £k- (jeXeuip. II. iv. 465. ["Ehw lieXwi', out of the reach of missiles. Xen. Cyr. iii. 3, 69.] cvTea, itiiv {tcL), fr. sVvffit, arms, chiefly those that are put on, as the cuirass, armour : Tbv ê' ivp' àjKp' wfioioi ri9iJi.itvov ivTta KaXà. 11. X. 34. f T€vx«oi, ii^v {to.), tools, implements, apparatus, or equipment o any thing necessary for its purpose, e.g. of a ship, &c. ; hence arms, in general, and sometimes armowr ; 'Hi^t (.KaaTi^ 'Irtitoi àtpainoCtç Kai TToiKiXa rtvxt ÎKtiro. 11. iii. 326. [For its use in the sense ot vessel, cf. 7.] 343. * èpâv, to see, in general : "On Kal roiiç Trpe(TlivTépovQ hpùxnv 343 àva nàaar ^]jiipav (Tuxppôvwç êiàyavraç. Xen. Cyr. i. 2, 8. dôpeîi/, to regard or look at with fixed attention: Aaj3ùiy ifTOTTTpoy àdpe'i. AnacT. xi. 3. ['A0pw kch ôpQ on àhvvarov. PI. Parrnen. 144, d. Also = see, in the sense of reflect, weigh, consider; especially in imperat. in Plato: adpu, cidpn fiif . . . . , vide ; vide ne non — .] avi^a^eiv, aiiYaÇeoflai, in Homer and the poets, to distinguish, per- ceive, see clearly, recognize : Otoe iyujv 'iinrovc avydZop-ai ; //. xxiii. 458. The active is only found in Sophocles in this sense: "R vaog d^evov avyd^wv opfiov. Soph. Phil. 217. pXeircic, 1 . to see, speaking of the faculty, with which the eyes are endowed, of being struck by external objects, to 5ee, not to be blind: Kat t'iq irpoç àvd.piç ^,) fiXiirovroc àpKtcTiç ; Soph. Œd. Col. 73. Hence, 2. principally in the poets, to turn the eyes, the look towards an object [very common in PL, in Kcirw, arw loXérreip- fiXe-rrtit' eig riva. 320 343, (343) irpôç ri] ; and, fig., in prose and in verse, to look (intrans), to have aspect, to look to or towards, speaking of the direc- tion in which a thing stands : 'Ev rait tooç fitarjfxl^piav fiKtTrovtjaiç oîkiutc ('« the houses that look to the south), Xen. Mem. iii. 8, 9. ScpKCtrOai, poet, to tee clearly, lo distmgnish : ^ovov Kai (pv^av 'A;^aiù>v CtpKOfiiv(fi. It. xiv. 140. €Î8o>' {Ici'iy), second aorist, used supplementarily to the defective verb op(iy, but itself assuming, in its perfect oîSa, the figurative sense of seeing with the eyes of the mind ; to know, to be acquainted with : Tovç ce ovc" EwpuKUrac TrwVore avTor, Tovç ct kui tv tlcoTuç Ijri ovc^ av icouv. Xen. Cyr. i. 1,3. ôeâcrôai (Oia), prop., 1. to look upon games, and the dif- ferent spectacles composing tliem : Etrrw n nûr tiwSôrw»', w tiaixOTit, i/, (jvic tKttioi' tdeiôfsi]!-. Xen. Cyr. iii. 1, 41. The grammarians, without sufficient reason, would limit the use of this verb to objects of art only. deupcif, to be a Qnociùç, or go in deputation to festivals, or sacred ceremonies; hence, \.to be a spectator, to look vpon, or behold games, a review, &:c. : 'EfJfw^tj ft riv nywra KIÙ Ki/poc Xen. An. i. 2, 10. Ammonius and other gram- marians assert, that in this sense QtâaQai only should be used; 2. fig. to examine, speaking of intellectual specula- tions: '() Oeojoiivac ra £»' ro7c aXXotç ciidpioTroit: rufxifxa. Plat. Legg. xii. 952, b. Xcvcraciv, to tee, to examine : AtiaaiTt yap rôyt irdvTtç. II. i. 120. voilv, to perceive, to become aware: \v-Ik Int'i t krvrjuEi, II. xii. 393. èiriiTTcûtiv, to look mi with defiance, to lie in wait for : AXX' oi'' yap a' tOtXui ^ia\'^ltl', roiovrov iorra, \a6pi] ÔKnrrtiaaç, àW àpo/3fpù ê' ipoiaiv ôacoiç ùpixXa Trpoaii^i TrXijpijc CaKpviiiv. yEsch. Prom. 148. KacOo's, ov (il), corner or angle of the eye : KavOoi ^vo 6 {.lev npoç Tij piyi, o ci npoç rolv tcpoTCKpoiç. Aristot, II. An. i. 9, 1. <^âos, loç (tô), light, sometimes in the poets for eye, as in Latin lumen: Kvaai Sk piv Ki^aXifv rt icai âp^io ^dia KoXâ. Od. xvii. [VJ. n. 347. 347 TraiSeîa, «c (»'/') (ttuîc), instruction received by children; hence, generally, instruction, cultivation of the mind, cdu- 348. 323 cation : 'Eirel êe êuXdîov rijv iraititiay ravTïjy, r'jêr) elafjXdw (347) f(ç rovç èos, £oç {to), embryo, fœtus, little one yet in the mother's womb, speaking of animals, in the Iliad : "lirnov .... (Sp£(poç iifxiovov Kviovaav. II. xxiii. 266. Afterwards, new-born babe: Ov-t yiyrûrTKovrù ^pé(l>oç xxf otov ev nâa-^ti. Xen. Mem. ii. 2, 5. e4>r]Po9 (c, »/), young boy, youth, at Athens, of the age of seventeen ; speaking of girls, of the age of thirteen : Mt^P' ^ilv h) tL, ?) tTTTaKaiêfKa Itwv ciiro yeteàç ol Trcn^eg raîi-a rrpi'iTTOvaiv' Ik tovtov êè elç tovq è/) [in Alt. only >/], young girl of about fourteen years old: 'AXV, w reariffK, uvk idi rrjy fieipaKu fjiat'iy (TE TuvTt)y. Aristoph. Plut. 1071. peipaKiok, ov {t(i), diminutive, employed more particularly by the Attic writers, lad, youth, young wan [mostly from about fourteen to twenty-one: but Plut. Philop. 6, extends it to thirty]: Koi ^tra Ylavaaviov rtoy ri in fxtipaKiov wç pir tyef-im. Plut. Prot. 315, d. iraiSiaKT], rjç ( »/), young girl, free-born, in the Attic writers : TipoyTii re i:ai yvya'iKa tcai iraicicri^aç. Xcn. An. iv. 3, 11. Phrynichus blames the new-Attic writers for using the word in the sense of a female slave. 349. 34g -napeid, ûç (»'/), upper and prominent part of the cheek, particularly in poetry: "Epwç of ly fia\ut:a'iç -rrapua'iç rtâ- vicoç iyrv)(^i(jiiç. Soph. Ant. 783. irapTjiç, îcoç (»/), Attic irap'gç, ycoç cheek : ^on'irrcrovaa napyc' t/ià)' ai(rxvy(} vtoOaXt'i. Eur. Iph. ,-/. 187. irap-qïâs, âcoç (?;\ is only found in the Antliology. See the passage quoted below on MJ;\ov. KopoT], r/ç ()'/), Attic KoppT], prop, temple, the top of the cheek : Hi); inl KÔppaç j/Xctda. Theocr. Id. xiv. 34. p,T]Xo»', ov {to), ball of the cheeks, in the Anthology : 'Hpipa ' H »;(Ta»' iiri pijro'tç yipiiai Trarpjkai /îctffi- Xûiii. Thuc. i. 13. Trarpwos, y'n, paternal, used specially of every thiiii: which passes from the father to the children by right ol 351—353. 325 succession, prop, and fig. ; paternns : UXi/r tov Trarpw'ov (350) K\{]pov. Plat. Legg. xi. 923, d. [Hermann says : irârpiu sunt, quœ sunt patris ; irarpwa, quœ veniunt a patre ; varpiKa, qualia sunt patris {ad Med. p. 3(i2).] 351. Traueaôai, to make a pause, to rest ; hence to cease, to 35 1 stop, with the notion of discontinuing in order to resume what one was doing: Kara/ua6wv ci riva -wv Ï^wceltzvovv- Tiav, TOV f.ièv (Tcrov TTETravfjtéiov, to êè '6\pov avTU icad avTO kaQiovTa k.t.X. Xen. Mem. iii. 14, 2. [Is not the notion simply that of cessation, without ang secondary notion whatever ?] àviivai, to relax, abate, slacken : KctTOTriy tovtovc ieluKor, Kal ovK àvUaav. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 21. StaXeiTreii', to leave an interval, to discontinue : Où TrwTrore ' èiéXiTToi' /cat ^titQi' kuI ^ai'Sarwi'. Xen. Apol. Socr. 10. XTJyeii', to leave off a. thing begun, to put an end to an undertaking, having finished it, or not intending to con- tinue it : 'Eret l" 'tXrj^ay tïjç Oripaç. Xen. Cyr. ii. 4, 16. [So absol. with reference to the final cessation of progress or developement ; otuv ce Xr'iyr} r/ pajfAt). PI. Rep. 498, b. So ci/ia rw tov atMjxaTOç avQii Xijynr-i.. Conv. 183, e, and ttiç ciKfxîiç Xijyziy, of the eye-sight.~\ TeXeuTOJ', to finish, to end, to terminate transitively, or, more frequently, intransitively in speaking of the termina- tion of a space of time, or of life : Kai o ^Etjuw»' èreXevTa. Thuc. iv. 135. 352. -ireîpa, aç (>/), attempt, trial, experiment, proof confined 352 to a single particular, experience gained : Kai fxeyroi irpâr- TOVTeç TavTa, XrjtiiecrOE ufxa Kal Tra'ipav vfxCjv avTwv. Xen, Cyr. iii. 3, 18. èfiirsipia, aç (>/), experience the result of acquired and positive knowledge in general : Ov\ uTrav-a rw y??pçt tcacà irpôaetTTiy, àXX' îj ^^irrEipia £)(£t ri èùi,ai TÙiy yéwv ao(pu)Tepoy. Eur. Phœn. 540. 353. ir^ntjç, 7J-0C (ô), fr. Tréyofiai, prop, one who gains his 353 F f 326 354. (353) livelihood by his labour, poor : Tov ce névrjroç i^rjy (puhu- fÀtrov Koi Tolç epyotc irpoffi^oira. Aristoph, Plut. 553. aKTi])i./), without resources, without means : 'Opûi ya.- fcai Twr ToiovTwx' tovç TrXt/ovç ÙKÔpovç TruyrÛTraai yiyyofji- rovç. Xen. Hellen. vi. 3, 16. ^•'Seris (ô, »/), one who is without, or who has need of something ; Kal biroTe. fitv iyêet'iç e'it). Xen. Hellen. vi. 1,3. ircvixpo9, a, poor: "Qari rtv J) irapà Ttâfiirav àviifiovoç t)i iriyi- \pov. Od. iii. 348. TTTwxôs, ov (Ô), fr. TTTwaau), poet, [^very poor, indigent^ beggar, mendicant, pauper, who gets his livelihood by beg- ging : ri/; Ct) rôyci /JoXo/jpor uyeiç .... Trrw^ô»' ànTjpoi- ; Od. ^vii. 220. [M. Pillon has too hastily pronounced this word poetical. Hdt. 3 14. PL Lcc/g. 93G, c. tt-w^ôc fjLT)Oeiç rjpïv iy rij tt6\(i yiyyéodio. Thecet, 175, a. TrXoiiaioi. Kai Trrw^ot : and elsewhere, Dem. 36, 20 : ol ^ùv Ik Trrw- ^'/), action of water springing, gushing or spouting out or up from a spring: Kai Tnjywy àyapXixTtiç. Aristot. de Mund. 4, 34. Kpr\vT\, i)ç ()'/), head of a river ; hence source, speaking of tlu- water which flows from it, forming a bason or fountain- head ; hcucc a fountain, though made by man, in Thucy- dides {lliuc. ii. 15) : 'Llart. Kptjyt) fitXâyvcpoç iJTe kot aiyt- 355, 356. 327 XiTToç nirpijç êioôEpoy ')(éei ïiêojp. II. xvi. 3. [Is it not (354) spring, fountain generally ? It seems distinguished from the source of rivers, in Ar. Meteor. 113 : IlXftcrroi ical yiiyiaroL TTorafxot piovffii' fv tÛ)V fxeyiarbJi' ôpûiv. 'Ojj.oIù)ç êè icai at Kpijyai ai TrAettrrcti opzai koX tÔttolç vi^/jXoIc yeiTviUcriv' iv de Tolç Treèioiç âvtv Trora^iLv oXiyai ytyvorrai Trci/iTrav.^ Kpoui'os, où (ô), fr. péw, or perhaps fr. koovoj, jet, flow of ■water which springs or falls from the source [rushing with violence and noise. Pape] ; hence bed, channel : Kpovvcj c' 'iKUfoy KaWippôw h'Oa Eè Trr]yai coial Iwaiaaovcn 1iKaj.uiv- Ipov. II. xxii. 147. \_Strab. viii. 343.] irîSal, aKoç (»/), poet, source, spring: Mâ^^ttrSov iriêaKOç àfi' àXiyijç. II. xvi. 825. 355. ■miSdXioi', ou (ré), ail the lower part of the large oar which 355 served for a rudder in the ships of the ancients ; hence, often in the plural, ?*?/d'(/er ; Où^é ti tttjcuXl tari, râ r uXXai irjec 'ixovcrii'. Od. viii. 558. oia|, avof (Ô), tiller or helm of the rudder, and all its upper part, prop, and fig. : Olou irrjeaXiwv o'iaKoç àféfxevoç. Plat. Polit. 212, e. irXTjôpîoc, ov (jo), rudder of a raft or any other craft got up in haste ; there is no authority for the word but that of Ammonius. 356. irr]8âc, to take a leap, to leap, in general : K«î Zpafitlv 356 hk KCH jiaXfTiv Ka\ Trrilfjaai riç iKaroiTEpovQ ré^vr] yewpyiaç ■trapé^trai ; Xen. Œcon. 5, 8. fiXXeaôat, to spring forward in order to leap in any direc- tion ; salire : AùW/ca è' £^ 6-x^éu)p avv rfu^so-u' dXro ^a^Lio^e. II. iii. 29. OpwcTKCiv, to spring forth, rush, speaking of men and even of inani- mate things; to pour u'pon an enemy, to assail, assault him: 'MaKXov «Tri TpâtEcfffi 96pov. II. viii. 252. ôpxeîo-0ai, to da-nce ; tripudiare : WXkIvovç 3' "AXtov kuï Aaoèà^ai'Ta iciXevaev ^ovvix^ op-)(j](raaQai. Od. viii. 371. irai(|>âa'0'6iv, used only in the participle feminine, to dart, to rush with impetuosity : 2vi/ rij TTaKpâaaovaa ëûauvro Xaàv 'A^aKiiv. //. ii. 450. irdXXeik' and 'n'dXX€(70ai, to palpitate, throb or leap, to beat, F f 2 328 ;î57, 358. (356) speaking of the heart : 'Ev d' tfiol uvrij nruQtaai Tro.Wtrcn I'jTop. II. xxii. 451. The Tragic writers and later poet- used the active : "If' i éiXavXoç iVaWe CtXipic. Eur. El. 435. i<|)opeuç, iu)ç (ô), vessel or pot with two handles for keeping wine, in the Odyssey : OJyov ty àfji(piliii(l)Ovç tKaaroç Trapu tovtov èrijiaXXoy eiç Toy Kcicirricny. In Eubul. 1302. oTcifit'os, oi; (/) and >/\ earthen pot, jar in which wine was drawn off: 'Acri ^e Opàyov orû^iiou tCfÇxiXi/i' i^ar tay uror. Aristoph. Plut. 545. 358. :]ôS TriyLirkavai, to Jill, in gcncnû, to Jill full : U.Xi}(ià^eioc Î' o'lyoio citraç. Il, ix. 224. ^uei»', to stop up, to Jill by stopping/ up : 'II^£7c c' o(t' »)• Ttrpijfiiyu iyifiv(Ty. Xen. Hell. vi. 2, 25. 359. 329 irXvjOeiv, to enlarge, increase ; hence, consequently, io be full : 'Ee^fj- (358) V7]v Tt Tr\t)9ovaav. II. xviii. 484. irXtiBxidv and vKrfBvvfiv, to be full : 'AKrai ëk vtKçwv xoipdëeç t tTrXijOvov. jEsch. Pers. 425. irXirjpoûk', to Jill up, with a view of completing the num- ber, to complete the crew or cargo of a vessel, or a body of men : XWiipovjxirov ye ixi]v tov Ikitikov. Xen. Hipparch. 1,3. 359. ttXouctioç, ill (ttXovtoç), which the grammarians derive 359 from à TToXvovaioç, rich, one who has abundance, principally of gold or silver: Ovè' el MlCov TrXouo-twrepoi eley. Plat. Pol. iii. 408, b. à((>V€io9 (Ô, J/), fr. àv€OS. a, later form in Pindar and the Tragic writers: TLal twv àcpviùiv Kal iroXvxpvffoJv i^pctvwv ^vXastf. JEsch. Pers. 3. euTTopos (6, )/), rich in resources, in means, in easy cir- cumstances : floAti' re to'iq Traaiv eviropcj-àr-qv /cat yueyt- arrji' ioK)](TafXEV. Thuc. ii. 64. Aeï yap tovq eviropovç xpt]- aifxovç ' avrovç irapiyELV to'iç TroXiraiç. Dem. in Phœnipp. 1045, 23. ÇairXovTOS (ô, ?'/), very rich; M»;5' ei î^aTrXovrovQ oï/nrai (pcpvàç Sôfioiç. Eur. Andr. 1282. KTi^fiaTiKos, >'/, rich in possessions, large landed proprietor : Ot èÈ TrXovaioi icaï Krij/jariKol 7^/\eo^'£^^a fxÈp tov rô/J-oi', ôpyrj ce Knl éiXofEiKÎi} TOV vofJodÉTT]v di 't')(6povç ej^ovreç. Plut. T. Grac. 9. [And Polyh. v. 93, 6. KTr}}iaTiKoi, divites, qui fundos hahent. Schweigh.] oXPios, ia, happy, blessed in life, with the notion of riches connected with it, rich and happy, one who lives in abun- dance : K«t yap eyw Trore oIkov iv àvQpwTroKTiv ïvaiov oXjyLOç àcbvEwv. Od. xvii. 420. irXouTa^, uKoç (6), rich man, with the associated notion of contempt, irony, or derision, a rich churl : Kav n TV)(^r] Xe'ywi' Ô nXovTut,, tvc'ivv tovt i-rraiiù). [Eupol. ap.] Athen. vi. 236, f. iroXvKTii|X(ov (Ô, >'/), poet, one ivho has large possessions, wealthy : ""Q irôXiç, di TvoXtwQ 7roXvKTT]i.ioveç âvSptç. Soph. Ant, 843. F f 3 330 360, 361. (359) TToXuxpiifiwi' (é, I/), rich in money ; hence rich., in gene- ral, speaking of a town, in Poly bins : Kvpwç ytvàfiiioç tî/ç Kap)(r;CÔroc î/nç tcovet iroXv^orj^oyeariiTT] rHiy Kara tjjv oiKOvfiirijy Eiyai TroXfwr. Polyh xviii. 18, 9. [= ttoXv- Xpiii-taroç. Luc. Fit. Auct. 12. Strah. 938.] TToXûxpûcros (ô, »/), one who has much gold : AoXu»»', Evfjn)- ceoç vloç K)invi;oç Otioio, ttuXv-^ovitoc, -rroXv^aXKOç , IL X. 315. [In prose, Xeii. Cyr. iii. 2, 25.] XpiifiaxiKos, ov (Jo), one who has money, rich : To'iç it ■)^pT]fxaTiico'iç lOEjiaiuiTiy rwy (Tv^/joXcitu)!'. Plut. Sol. 14. 360. «^^^ irXuVeic, to wash, particularly in speaking of linen or of linen-cloth ; hence, in general, to wash, but only clotlies : "Ira KXvra I'luar uyw^ai tc irornyiuy irXvytovaa -a fxoi ptpv- irwfjtya Ktlrai. Od. vi. 59. [This is not correct : r^ ukivti, Antiph, ap. Ath. iv. 170 : ro -iZy uotôy tèa((>oç ralç KÙi-iaiç. Polyh. ix. 6, 3 ; and in Xen. de Re Eq. i. 5, 7, of washing a horse's mane and tail, ovpav k(Ù yjnt-r]v.'\ KaOaipeik', to remove spots ; hence to cleanse, to purify by washing, to wash clean : 'En-tt vXvyây te Kâdtjpây te pvKa TTciyra. Od. vi. 93. Ki'a4>ciîet>', to comb or card wool in order to clean it; hence to be a carder or dresser of wool or fuller : 'O ce Kyacpivd TIC, Ù ci TtXvvti Ki)()ta. Aristoph. Plut. 166. Xoucik', to tvash, speaking of the whole body, to bathe : EJa>0à>c XovEfrOai iv^pùnç -rroraf^uno. II. vi. 508. [In Mid. with ref. to one's own person.^ fÎTTTCij' [late ; Plut. Thes. 10. Arr. Epict. i. 19, 4], or better v'd,(.\.v, to wash, speaking of the hands, which the ancients washed before sacrificing and before meals, sonic- times of the feet, and very seldom of the whole body : XtTofir MxldpEyoç 7roX(>7ç ûXoc- Od. ii. 261. (^aiSpvvciv {(paiSpôç), tocli-aiisr, make [hrisl't or] white by wasliintr, hence /o wusli : Mrjli yvyaiKiiif) \ourp(,>7 XP"'* (paifpvvtaOni àv'ipa. Hesiod. Oper. 751. 361. ;j()l TToieii', to make, in a very wide sense, supposes some pre- cise and individual thing; lience, I. to produce, to create, to be the author, to compose, to construct : 'll'. Xen. Mem. i. 2, 16. 332 362. (361) rcûxeiy, to uianufaclure, construct, make artistically, make a work of art, cloth, &c. : ET/ior* l^ovaa Ka\d, to. p avrt) Tei^e. Od. vii. 235. 362. 362 ■iroi)xiii', tVoc (ô), feeder or tender of sheep, shepherd ; used also figuratively : ^pvavrd re iroifiéva Xuùiv. II. i. 262. aiTToXoç, ov (ô), fr. a'ii and ttoXew, feeder or tender of goats, goatherd : the goatherds were reckoned the lowest'class of herdsmen, as the poorest and rudest of all ; hence atTrô- Xoç is sometimes used for a term of abuse ; thus Galatea applies it to Polypheme, although he was owner of a flock of sheep : BuXXei toi, FIoXû^a^E, rù izoi^yior à FaXartta fidXoiffiy, Cvaépojra, rùy atTrciXoi' àicpa icaXtvcra. Id, vi. 6. ^ouKoXos, ou (Ô) (ftovç KoXiii)), feeder or tender of cattle ; and poet. Poi-nis, ou (ô), cowherd. In Theocritus, the father of pastoral poetry, a great difference is observable in these classes of graziers ; the kind of hierarchy which he esta- blishes among them is sufficiently obvious in the passage where he assembles them all together at the death of Daph- nis : '\\ri)()v ro\ liwrnt, toi 7ro(/:i£i £ç, (^ttuXoi ijidoy. Id. i. 80. It is plain too from other passages that he constantly gives the first place to those that kept cattle, naturally the rich- est of the three. From this difference of condition would follow an equally great difference in their respective manners, customs, and even language. The cattle-owners were dis- ■ tinguished by their education, and the superiority of their sentiments and manners, and were the well-bred gentlemen of their order. Thus we find one of them astonished at not being able to touch the heart of Eunlka : EvyUa iè fiôva Toy /JWKvJXoi' oùc tifuXaatt. Theocr. Id. xx. 42. Hence it follows that the words /joÙkoXoc and pwri;c have a dignified sound in Greek poetry, however much otherwise it may be with the words grazier or cowherd in the present day. voficus, e'wc («)» tender, feeder, herdsman, in general : Nofitîiç WÇ TTÙjtai i^iiiXujy. Od. iv. 413. [Often in Plato.'] auPwTTiç, nv (Ô), swineherd, in the Odyssey : 'OBi cw/jara yn'u (ru/>ii;ri;c. Od. xxiv. 1 H>. [/'/. Thcwl. 174, d. Rep. ii. 373, c] 3G3— 3G5. 333 CTo4)oppôs, and, in the Odyssey, ùopPôs, ov (ô), keeper of (363) swine, swineherd : 'iic Tratca avfopjiav. II. xxi. 281. [In prose. Plut., &c.] 363. ttôXis, eujç ()/), Epic TTToXiç, tow7i, uscd either of the 363 place or the inhabitants, and of the two together ; hence city, in the political sense, state, republic : 'H yap irûXiç iToXiTÛji' 71 T7\)~]d6ç ioTLv. Avistot. Pol. Hi. 1, 2. aCTTo, awç {t6), town, but to be understood only of the place ; hence the town or capital of the country, in re- ference to the people or the land of which mention is made : ^paCi-o vvv ukkwç ke ttoKiv cat ciarv aacjaeiç. IL xvii. 144. irToXie9pov, ov (to), city, town : 'Ettj/v nroKitii^ov 'iXw/itv. IL iv. 2.31). 364. iroXiTTjc, ov (o), 1. citizen of a town, of a state: Où^, 364 vlov ré ye cirfw Cii:aio(7Vf))ç àyadot' iroXirriv ywiadai, Xen. Mem. \\\ 2, 11. 2. Fellow-citizen, a sense peculiar to the Attic writers : 'H j^pr/orôc fu'»)p TroXiraiç karlv aTrncri)' oariç y lari toiovtoc. Aristoph. Pac. 905. doToSj »'/, born in the town, native of it : 'Eicilvoe yap ttoX- Xovi^ £7rt0vju»/ràc Kal àarovç /cat^tVovc Aa/W»'. Xen. Mem. i. 2, 60. 8T)|j,o-n]s, uv (Ô), citizen, or member of a cj/j^toç, at Athens : 'ETretc?) c sic tovç êrjuôraç èt'EypcKprjç. Dem. de Cor. 78. iraTpiwTT|s, ov (ô), fr. Trarpt'ç, fellow-countryman : M»/7-£ naTpiu)TCiç àXX}']Xtjjv elyai roùç fiÉXXut'TCiç p^oi' êovXivaEiv, Plat. Legy. vi. 777, d. o-ufiTToXÎTTjç, ov (ô), fellow-citizcn : '^2 t,vi.nTo\lrai. Eur. Heracl. 826. Ace. to the grammarians this word was not used by good Attic writers, who employ the simple form only in this sense ; from this it may be inferred, that Euripides was the introducer of this neologism. 365. ■îrpÛToç, ï], first, when there is mention of more than two, 365 is opposed to Oora-oc, and besides assigning numerical 334 366. (36ô) place, indicates superiority in quality, pre-eminence, &:c. : Kai avToç irpâiroç »/y£Ïro raj^ewç. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 20. irpoTcpaîoç, aia, of or belonging to what preceded, be- longiiuj to or occurring on the day before, used only of time, ill speaking of the day or night, and often in the feminine r; -porfpain, taken absolutely with ellipse of tifiépa, the day before : 'A0' ov -rj Trpo-tpaiq. ol /3ap/3apot irpciTrijfrar vai 01 avy avro'ic. Xen. Anab. v. 4, 23. irpoTcpos, pu, first, speaking of two only, with reference to numerical order alone, and used of space or time, and opposed to vartpoc, the last or second: "Svv c' k^xio irpôrt- poç yuciX' kiriypiTO. IL X. 124. 366. 360 paStoç, ia, easy, in general, prop, and fig. : Ta ?i Ktifitta WÇ fjLi) pçcia elvni lêeli-, èirjytlTo. Xen. Cyr. viii. 4, 16. euKoXos (o, »/), prop, one not difficult (easily satisfied) as to food ; hence, fig. easy : To êi) riHy vvv t'tpr}f.iivh)y t^'V'^" I'oi' ùneÀv, ov Trrnrw»' f.vKo\iij-aror. Plat. Leqg, vi. 779. Speaking of men, of easy, affable character and manners : Ei/<>o\o(; Trpôç rovç (Tvi'iideiç. Plut. Fab. 1. cufxapi^s (ô, >'/), fr. /Ji'ipt], hand, that which is at hand or to hand, or within reach ; hence easy, prop, and speaking of things ; and, later, fig. speaking of persons : Kpôioç yap evfinpiji: Ofoç. Soph. Elcctr. 179. [Late in prose: but the adverb in PL: r»~/i' r7](jov ivfiapuic hstcofffLTjnev : Crit. 113, e, and Leyg. 4, 706, b.] eÛTrcTr|Ç (o, »'/), fr. ttitttu), easy, seems to refer more to events ; hence easy, in general, speaking of things : ITarra f)' tvTTtrfi 8to'tç. Eur. Phœn. ()89. \_tv~i7t(7ripa ocôç. PL Soph. 218, d ; and c. inf. i~^ o^tii/iat, tlaaKovaai.^ cûiTopos (", >'/), fr. irôpoç, the way or passage of which is easy, speaking of a road, prop. ; hence, prop, and fig. pos- sessing means, facilities, ^-c. for i ffecting anything : Horn 3G7— 369. , 335 riç Ètxri [_àêvç'\ rpa^s'ia Kal ^oAtTri) r) pçêia cat Eviropoç ; (3GG) Plat. Pol. i. 328, e. eùxepTJS (ô, )/), prop, easy to hand, easy to manage, manageable ; hence tractable, pliant, in character : "Opa av fxi] vvv ^liv TIC ev\£piiç Traprjç. Soph. Phil. 519. [0pp. êvnxcpvç. PI' &c. in Dem. 21, 103 = light-minded, reck- less,^ 367. pis, irog (>/), 7wse, used only of man ; in the plural, 367 nostrils : 'Odjuwj' ye fxi}v il pt) pivtç TrpocreTedriaav ri ay vp'iy oéeXoç j)v ; Xen. Mem. i. 4, 3. fiuKTTip, iipoç (ô), nostril ; hence, fig. jeering, iron}- \_Timon. ap. D. L. 2, 19 ; Luc. Prom. 1] : Kal àêvraroy \(opiç Tolç jjvKriïptTir àrairyevaai ?} tKnyeïiaai. Aristot. Hist. An. i. 11. pdp.(|>os, £oc (jà), beak of birds, in Lycophron : 'Pâpcpeai ^' àyp(ô(T(Toyr£ç èWvttwv Ovpovç. Lycophr. Alex. 598. [So Aristoph. Av. 99.] p^YXOÇ» ^''c ("^)i prop. snoMi of a hog, ace. to Athenseus (Athen. iii. 95) ; hence muzzle of beasts, beak of birds, in Aristophanes [and Aristot. H. A. 3, 1]: Xcôpet, *:a0ft, to P^YX^ç' ov piWeiy k')(pi']y. Aristoph. Av. 362. 368. adpl, Koc (>/), ^es^ of an animal alive or dead : 'Aràp 368 Tpaiwr Kopieic Kvvaç r/e' ol(i)vooç ^rjp^ Kal aâpKtaai. Il, xiv. 83. Kpéas, aroQ (jo), flesh of the killed beast, which is eaten for food ; hence meat : Ta ht Kpéa tQv àXi(TKopéyu)y ïiv Trapair\îiç. Xen. Anab. vi. 2, 2. ffofiPoXoc, t)v {to), sign agreed upon between two or more parties, mark of agreement made : 'Q,ç c' tyiu) ô 'A/3patn- rac ra ircipu rî]ç yvyaiKoç avfxfioXa. Xen. Cyr. vi. 1, 40. TCKjii^pioi', (iv {to), mark that any thing leaves behind it, and by which the fact of its having existed is indubitably shown, altliough nothing remains of the thing itself, sure sign or token, moral and certain proof in logic : 'Il/uflç it àvtipivwç CiaiTiôfJivoi, ohttf iffraov liri tqvç taoïraXf'iç kiy- ^vi'ovç ^uipovj^tr' TeKfii'ioior Ci. 7 hue. ii. 39. 370. 370 cnrifi.eîoi', ov {to), sign, used of meteoric phaenomena, such as thunder, lightning, &c. from which the ancients drew presages of the future : "On fiii', o) irai, ol ftiol 'iXtw T£ KUi tv[.tti't~iç irifiTTovai at ku\ iv /eno7ç ^i/Xov KCii ir vvpii- yioiç ari^ûoaj. Xen. Cyr, i. G, 1. [Also signal to do some- thing. Th. 3, '.), &c.] Wpaç, aToç {t(>), monster contrary to nature, miracle, and every thing which is contrary to the order of nature : accord- ing to the grammarians, sign or prodigy, appearing on the earth, and by which it was supposed the will of tlie gods was manifested : Otwi' Ttnûtaai TriBtirrnc. II. iv. 398. 371. 371 <^i-Thi V€ (»/), -tilcnce in the simple and absolute sense, referring rather to the general conduct, to the discretion, the circumspect character of the individual ; abstaining from speech, or deprivation of the power of speech, dumb- ness, reserve, circumspection : Y/itlc èè ntyiiy, w ierai, (pvXi'ttTfTtTc Eur. /ph. A. .')42. atuinî, j7c (>'/), momentarj' silence, imposed upon oneself with a view of listening to, or hearing, others speak, action of holding the tongue on any particular occasion, or to keep a secret : At'tocy' otwc fit) \ rfiç o-iwTf/ç rf/ae' àya^py'iir) KOKâ. Soph. Œd. lï. 1002. 372, 373. 337 372. crKi]vf\, îjç {II), SCENA, stage, and more particularly of that 372 part where the actor played ; hence, generally, theatre : M>/ el) ê6L,T]T£ j'//ictç pa.ci(t)ç ye ovtujç vfxàç ttots Trap' >/ju7v iâffsn' <7Kr)vàQ tc irî}^av-aç Kar àyopav Kui i;a\\i(pô)puvç vTToicpiràç e'laayayofieruvc. Plat. Legg. vii. 817. ôéarpoc, ov (ro), theatre, in general, speaking both of the place and the spectators: "Ira dopvjiridùi cià to oieaQat TO Qiarpov TcpotJCOKiar fiEyàXrjp £X^"' '^- ^^ Ipovrroc ejuov. Plat. Com. 194, a. iKpioi', OV {to), in the plural 'iKoia, beams which supported the stage ; hence theatre : "Q.(tt evOvc eIctiov-sç ('nrà crûjv h-plujv vTroîoXtTrova iifj-ac. Aristoph. Thesm. 395. [Al. the benches. Pape, L. and *?.] ^ ^^ay eîof, ov {to), the front of the stage, where the actor spojj^; pulpittim : "OirXoiç fxèv avrefpa^e ->)i' aKifi-ijf koî ^~ôpv(p6poiç TO Xoyéiov TrepiéXafier. Plut, Dem. 34. ÂKpi^as, ai'roe(ô), sort of trestle, scaffolding on which the stage was raised : E( iSwv ttiv aijv àvCptiav KOt fieya\o(pûO(Tvvt]v àvajSaivov- Toç tTTi rov OKpijSavra fiirà tùiv înroKçiTwv. Plat. Symp. 194, b. [This statement does not agree with the usual opinions or with the old authorities, who make it some structure elevated upon the stage, from which the actors spoke ; according to Hesych. ro Ik neTtwpov iXeyov. Cf. L. & S. and Diet. /Jiitiqq.] opxTJo'Tpa, UÇ (»'/), ORCHESTRE, iu the ancient theatres, a semicircular space somewhat lower than the stage, in which the chorus performed its evolutions : Apa)^/.ij;c èk TÎjç opyJ](TTpuç irpiafiivoiQ Sw/cpàroue KCiTayeXàv. Plat. Apol. 26, e. 373. ctkwXt]!, j]koq (ô), [dim. OKoyXiiKicv], worm; the lumbricus •^•j-^ or earth-worm [but, rather, the general term for worm. Cf. Arist. H. A. 5, 26 ; also worm in the intestines, Hipp.] ; "i2<7re «ticwXtjs kizi yaii] ke'ito TaÔeiç. Il, xiii. 654. IXp.ii's, j'Qoc (»/), worm of the kind called intestinal : Ta è' tTi ovTwr iv rote 4woiç, o'lov a\ KoXovfitrai eXfiLidec. Aristot. H. An. viii. 19, 3. 0pi4», Tîôç {(j), worm that eats wood [Arist. speaks of a ff(cw\)/k£OJ' called t,vXo(pd6poy'\, hence those pieces of worm- eaten wood which seals were made of, from the difficulty G s 338 374. (373) of imitating them, were called [_(T(ppayic la] dpi-zTjcecrrn l^Arist. Thesm. 427] : 01 C£ Oolinc ofioioi roiç ; t:ipa ÎTreç tcoiiv. 0(?. xxi. 395. Also one that fed on the vine, in Theophrastus {Caus. PI. iii. 22, 5). Kdfiin), r]Q {il), worm living in figs ; eruca : 'lie av-wç cè k-a'i £T( rCJv iXaiiûv at KtifXTrai Kai eipi' ùy ciWa tyyiyETai ^wa. Theophr. C. PL iii. 22. Kis, Kiûç (Ô), insect found in corn and wood, weevil {Theoph. Caus. PI. iv. 15); curculio : Kt'iyoi ov (n)ç ov^î ùç êàrrrei. Pind. Fragm. 243. Kfiv)/, Ttùç {ù or il), kind of gnat or emmet, small worvi feeding on the fig-tree ; culex : EÎ0' ol ni'Trrfç teat \Lyjytc àù -oc (TVKàç ov Karé^ovrai, Aristoph. Av. 590. /), in medicine tenia, kind of intestinal worm, the body of which is long and flat, like a piece of tape [tape-worm'\ : Knpcû^ov anipf.ia fxera ijcvôtr/iov vai ij'tynv Triyi')f.uyoy tX/Kirôac nai roirtoc eiayt». Geopon. xii. 27. »j/i]f, 7;rôç (Ô), an insect that fed on the wild fig ; Eiru ircpippayiyroç toîi ?ipf.iarnç tK-irirtrai. rovro iyKaraXnrioy i \li\v. Aristol. H. An. v. 32, 5. [The gall-wor m, L. & S.] 374. 374 orpaTciç, ov (ô), a7'm?/ encamped, in Homer : IToWai -yàfi (Vrcî / apx'/. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 9. orpaToireSoi', ov (jo), army encamped, camp, sometimes army on the march, in Thucydides : Kat qte ^Iv è-n-îoi ru Twv W6j}yaî(ov arpaTOKECov Û7^£J(wpou^'. Thîic. iii. 97. 375. aUKOf, ov (rà), cultivated Jig : UoXiiç jj-èv olvog, ttoWci ce 375 (Tvica. Xen. Cyr. vi. 2, 22. [The tree, ctu^t;.] èpii'eoi', oï) (ré), wild Jig : Kai êid aro^dTtav ttou'i fxif àTroirlTTTUv rd èpirà. Aristot. H. An. v. 32, 6. [The tree kplveôç. Obs. that Ipiveôv is accented as neut. adj. ipn'eôv, se. (TÎlICOy.'j i(T\â<5, dcoç (j/), dried fig ; carïca : Ovic av ■Kpialj.i-qv ovc 'ài' l(7-)^dcoç jxiàç. Aristoph. Pac. 1223. o\uv9oç, ov (ô), unripe fig ; grossus : ^iiraç ydp a) riXT)5, 7]Koç (ô), &fig that deceives by its size, and is taken for ripe, or near it : Tov re (pîjXrjj^^ ôpûJv olSdvovr' eW bira- -av 1] TTETru)}', iffOiu). Aristopli, Pac. 1165. 376. CTup,fiaxia, ac (>/), alliance offensive and defensive: Su^u- 370 yiay^iav avriL woLovtTai. Xen. Cyr. i. 5, 3. èirLixayJia, ag (//), defensive alliance : 'E^rt/ia^^/aj/ ce £7Ton](7avTo, rrj aXXiiXwv jJorjOe'if, idy riç ETrl KépKvpav 'irj, ?/ 'Adî/vaç j) roue TOvTUjy L,vp.nd-)(ovç. Thuc. i. 44. 377. ;), prop. /oorf; hence, grand entertainment, feast: Ilàvra AfX^iùv Xaov te Qoivr]v koKùiv. Eur. Ion. 1140. 378. .""S "TCHF'''*» """'-■ ("^)» ^'"* ^X*^» external shape, under which men or any objects present themselves to the eye accord- ing to their ordinary or existing state, exterior, mien, car- riage ; habitus: Tù ce «r^j/^ta wort coKi'iy ôpdoTÎpay -ijc (f)vafu>ç iliai. Xen. Mem. li. 1, 22, cîSoç, eoc (tv), form, figure of visible and material ol)jects, which we recognize after a known type ; and fig. of abstractions, of which we form for ourselves the abstract idea, without seeing them ; idea in Plato : Ta r»/ç (Tw(j>pu- tTvii]r e'iêfj Koi àvèpeiaç Kni iXevOtpiÙTi^Tuç. Plat. Pol. iii. 402, c. i8ca, nç (>/), prop, risible appearance ; hence fig., in Plato's system, idea or eternal and immutable form, the exemplar and archetype of objects, and not a mere abstrac- tion of them : 'Ej- rw yrwarw TtXtvrnid // ruv àyaBoîi Icta kcii itôyir ôpàadni. Plat. Pol. vii. 517, b. fjLop4>i], fjç (il), bodily form, subject to change, in opp. to IUOÇ : Kni TOV Jitct avTuv /tfrnpttXf»»' n}»' nupcpijy ilç Trtptffrepdy. /Elian, far. II. i. 13. TUTTOs, ov (Ô), figure impressed by striking ; hence, type. 379, 380. 341 prop, and fig. : EJç àp-)(fiv te kuI tvttov nvà rijç ètKaio- (378 avvqç tcivevfEvofjiEv t/i/Scjtjjjk-fVai. Plat. Pol. iv. 443, c. 379. aûfjia, a-oç (rô), bodi/ of a living animal, and even of a 379 dead one : Kat ret (rw^uara y£ ijfiîôv ovoey ^eipova e-^ete. Xen. Cyr. ii. 1, 15. 8£[jiaç {-ô), prop, the building, structure of the body ; hence the stature, figure, in Homer, and in later poets the body, in general: 'Ettei où £^£1' iari ^éptituv où Csfiaç ovSk ]ç, Od. xvi. 165. [_Th. vi. 6G ; vii. 81.] Gg3 342 381,382, (380) T0ÎX09, ou (ô), interior wall of a chamber, partition or side-wall: Toi\ov rov Irepov. II. xxiv. 598. 381. 381 T£K^'o^', ov (ro), in the plural, -tKya, children, only used of men ; Xenophon however uses it in speaking of the young of brutes : 'Er»Ô£t ^' 6ti k-at al avec, tTretcà»- 6(pdù)fTi, (tiivyovtn K"(ii TroWcù uvcrai aw nûç TtKvoiq. Xen. Cyr. iv. i, 17. »'£oi\tiai apKroi inrù rwi' at:vfÀvwt . Hist. An. vi. 18, Ô. o-KuXa^, t:oç (o), puppy, rvhelp, speaking of the dog : 'E)cdrç Tixv Ku\ aKvXctKEç rpupiotri. Theocr. Id. ii. 12. Tvrfliis, Hj l'"le one, babe, speaking of a child: 'E:ré( ^' In rvT9\ii> iorra KfiXXi^'. //. vi. 22. 382. 382 TcXos, £0(, (ro), that which is the fulfilment, accomplish- ment, and conclusion of anything ; hence end, moral end or object aimed at : Ilt'paç y'up to -é\oç irûaaiç [r£;^»o7ç]. Jristol. Pol. i. 3, 17. vv'/), poet, synonyme ofr'fpfia, bourn or limit : ' Ev vvaay ii TOI ïttttoc àpiaripôç lyxpif^p^ftTtu. IL xxiii. 'i'.VA. ir^paç, aror: {to), poet, -jreipap and irâpag, natural and positive limit, extremity, end; fig. term: Iltionra 7«ii/c. //. xiv. 200. ['E».- TTEpurw»' y/;c iXdur. Th. i. (iO.] aKoiros, ov («), mark or object aimed at, prop, and fig. : OÙÔ' («Ko»Ti'^£tr avUpwiTOV iirtTpîiroftEf v)ii7i', ùXX' £tj aKOTroy (iaWity t^ctiiffko/iEr. Xcn. Cyr. i. G, 29. T^Kfiap (ro), old poetical word synonymous wiih Kffiaç, limit, end, 383, 384. 343 ace. to Aristotle: To yap TEKfiap Kai Trîpaç ravrôv icrri Kara ti)v (382) cipx^iav yXwrrav. Aristot. Rhet. i. 2, 18. TCKiiup, (ré), Epic for réK/xap : To Si rsTparov 'iKfTO rs/c/xwp. //. xiii. 20. TcXeuTT), ?7ç (//), conclusion, completion, end of life, &c. : "Ej'fla kt TOI, MevtXae, (pârri fjwroiu rfAturi) "E^ropoç tv TraXafiTjaiy. II. vii. 104. Tcpfia, arog (t6), prop, the bourn or ffoal in the race- course round which the chariots turned, and which served as boundary mark for other exercises in the public games ; hence term : Oiada yap ev Trtpt rtp/iaô' IXto-crEjuev. //. xxiii. 309. 383. titÔt], 7;c (»/), nurse, she who suckles the child : KclO' 383 wffTTfp at Tirdai ye aiTÎi^eiç KaKÛJç. Aristoph. Equit, 716. T\.Q-f\v(\, T/e (?/), she ivho feeds, who suckles, nurse : ^ipti 3' a/Ltti Ttaica Tidiifi]. II, vi. 389. fjiaîa, aç (//), mother, nurse (Fr. bonne), appellation of affection used by Ulysses to his nurse, Euryclea : Ma7n, riri fi idéXeiç oKiaai ; Od. xix. 482. Tpo(J>ôç, oil {{)), nurse, she who took charge of the child from its weaning ; brought it up to a certain age, and remained from that time in the family : <ï>tX?j rpofoç EvpvKXein. Od. ii. 361. 384. Tpéxeii', to run, in general, in opp. to the ordinary pace : 334 ilapà rovç l^aèi^ovraç Tpi-^ovTaç ùpàadai. Xen. Cvr. ii. 4, 22. Géeif, more used in poetry [_not common in IVag. ; only I Eur. Ion. 1217 ; Suppl. 702 ; Aristopjh. Vesp. 854, Pape'], to ruïi, denotes haste and quickness, and is used of men, and of the course of vessels and the heavenly bodies : 'AA./\a TOL 'iTTTTot. lodpCiaTOL deien'. II. xxiii. 310. [Qe'iv and delv Ipofxi^ are common military terms in prose. Qtiv tic rdç Tci^tig. Xen. An. ii. 2, 14 ; sîç roîiç TroXe/i/ovc iv. 3, 29, &c. In Hdt. tov Trepi rev iravToc ?^p6p.ov Qùv, &c. ; also in PI. of horses running in the games : 'Ev 'OXvfXTria Qt6vT(t)v ïinrojy. Legg. 822, b.] 344 385. 385. 385 Tuirreiv, to strike from near, in general : Et vôfioç i]y rov covXoi' viro Tov iXevdinov TVTTTtaOai. Xen. Athen. Resj). 1,8. âXoâv, (ôXoiâ), Attic àXoâv, poet. oAoiav, prop, to thresh, beat out the ears of corn on the burn floor ; hence, lig. to beat, to strike, to kill : . "H /XT/rtp' t'lXoitjatv, r/ irarpôç yvciOov tTraraÇff. Aristoph. Ran. 149. /^ . ' -^ PdXXeic, to strike by casting something, and from a dis- tance, to hit : "11 cuvpi TVTTÙç 7/ pXîjfitioç lu. II. xi. 191. Oeîveiv, poet, to strike from near, with the liand, a whip, a sword; and very seldom from afar; IloXXà fiiv àp /iaortyi Ooy tnifiauTO Oiiruiv. Jl. xvii. 430. Koirrcii', to strike with violence, so as to break through, or cut, or break in pieces ; to strike a coin : K6\^e ci iraiTTÎ]- vai'-a Tîupiiiut'. II. xxiii. 090. Kporelv, to strike with noise one against the other, speak- ing s])ecially of the hands, to clop : HoTtpov koo-eIj' ^e'ly TÙ) xtipi, V yeXav ; Xen. Cyr. viii. 4, 12. Kpoûeic, to drive two bodies one against the other, to strike upon a hollow and sounding body, to make a noise : Tàc àairîèaç Trpoç to. cùpara t^povaay. Xen. Anah. iv. 5, 18. traicic, to strike, to beat one who is near at hand, with- out the notion of inflicting a wound : "Ort ov a(^iai yi. coKoiii nai^'tUy elyui tu ô[.iuOty TraitcrOai. Xen, Cyr. ii. 3, 14. ■nardcanv, to beat, 1. intransitively, speaking of the heart in Homer: Wâracrtn et dvfu)ç ti^àffrov. II. xxii. 370. 2. Transitively, in speaking particularly of repeated blows : IloXXan-ic ">' ohiOttç fîiat rùr 'AÔrjya'ioy CuîiXoy tTrcira^ty ûr. Xen. Athen. i. 9. TrXTJCTCTen', to strike from near with the hand, or a weapon, to give a blow, sometimes from far, in the poets ; ^Hk-iiTrrpu) H ^lETÛfptJoy i)cè Kut Mftu) irXijiiy. II. ii. 2G(). And in prose more frequently of lightning, the thunder-bolt : TliTrTti Ktpuvyùç eu: tÙ crrpnrt'uricvy ».(ii ul fiii riyeç 7rXi]yiynç. . . . àiriOn}oy. Xen. llcll. iv. 7, 7. Tpi'Peik', to tread, crush the corn. It was trodden under 386. 345 the feet of oxen, in ancient times, in order to separate the (385) grain from the chaff: 'iig è' on tic ^£Usj; /3ôac apfreiac sv^vfXETWTTOVç, Tpil^ÉfiEvai Kp'i Xevkop ivTpo^â\(j tv oKo)]]. II. XX. 496. Y. 386. utos, où (o), son, in general, and principally in genealogies, 356 where it is yet more frequently understood : KXau/xo)), prop, generation ; hence child, in the poets : 'Av^pec tv\ovTai yovàç kuttjkôovç (pvaavTeg iv côfioiç 'ixHV. Soph. Ant. 642. 70VOS, 01» (Ô), that which is begotten or begetting ; iience sou, child : ^evêôfiipoi ck ak /), child, of either sex, son or daughter : Ovcè yap iari fioi u^prjy nalç. Xen. Cyr. viii. 5, 10. TeKt'Ok, ov (to), and poet. Wkoç, toç {rû), fr. -<\tw, child, son or daughter, but only with reference to the father or mother : Aiyto^oto Atôc tîkoc. II. ii. 157. Sometimes used as an appellation of aflfection addressed to strangers : <ï>£\£ -iiivov. Od. ii. 363. 387. 387 ûiTÔ8T)p.a, (iToç (rô), sandal tied under the foot, hence shoe, in general: 'Eîrtto; Ù7r£'\t;7-£ rù àpj^oTa û-oo//naro. Xen. Anab. iv. 5, 14. àppûXri, r/ç (»/), shoe worn by peasants, sportsmen, and travellers, worn at Mycenœ, in Euripides : 'Oot'crrac Mukvj- vih' àpjivXav Tcpolpûç. Eur. Or. 1470. éfipâs, âcoç (Ji), a sort of Boeotian shoe, worn by poor and aged people in Aristophanes : 'E/^(/îà(, ii KUrai. nai Tpipn)v êppififiàyoç. Aristoph. Eccles. 850. ^pt^dn^s, ov (ti), 1. a species of Ieather-ioo< used by horse- men : Wi ifAfjUTai yétoit-o okvtovç it, oluviTEp ai Kp/;-(t£ç. Xen. de Re Eq. 12, 10. 2. A species of under-shoe or clog worn with the buskins of the Tragic actors to give them height, according to the Scholiast on Lucian {Jup. Traq. 41). Kap^arin^, 7;c (»'/), ^ leather-shoe or shoo of undressed skin : Kap/Jcinrai ■Ktnoiij^ityai it; rwr » totapru;»' f)uG)i , Xen. Anal), iv. 5, 14. KoQopvos, ov {(')), small boot or buskin laced in fiont and reaching half up the leg : Tùh y' f'u//»/»wTw irarâio) riy yyûUoy. Aristoph. Li/s. 657. It was the shoe peculiar to tlie Tragic actor, and hence tlie emblem of the Tragic drama {Ilurat. dc Art. Poet. 280, and Sat. i. 5, 64). 388. 347 KOfiirous, ocoç (ô), a sandal or li(;/ht and fashionable shoe (387) worn by young persons, but assumed by an affected old fellow, in Aristophanes [^pumpsl : Tépcjv êè ^lope'i ')(Xayica Kal Kovi-rroca ix^v. Aristoph, Eccles. 848. Kptjm'ç, ~idoç (jj), prop, sole ; hence shoe with raised sides, or small boot of the soldier ; hence the soldiers themselves in Theocritus : Havr^ KprjirHEEc. Theocr, Id. xv. 6. tréiiXov, ov (t6), sole or sandal : "Yttô noaaiv iSrirsaro KoXà TzkSiXa. II. xxiv. 340. ireptPapis, itoç (»/), shoe of the female slave, according to Pollux, but of ladies à la mode, in Aristophanes : Kat -à fivpa ya'i TTfpi/îapt'dfç. Aristoph. Lys. 47. ffdi'SaXoi', ov (to), sandal : 'Ytto Troaaiv Èdi'jtraTO (râvêaXa Kovcba. Hymn, in Mere. 83. aacSdXiov, ov (ro), a diminutive in form only, for Hero- dotus uses it for a sandal of ultra-size : "Lavlakiôv te uvtov 7re(popr)iÂévor tvpîtTKetrdni lor to jxiyaQoç êÎTrrjj^y. Herodot. ii. 91. <1). 388. (|>â(ryavov, on {to) [for (7dTT£i kavTT}v. Xen. Cyr. vii. 3, 14. [But the Eastern acinaces was always straight. Cf. Diet. Antiqq. s. v.] aop, opoc (ro), sword: "^TraaaâfiivoQ Tavvi]Kiç âop. Od. x. 439. Koms, icoç (»/), Eastern scimitar, Greek term for àavo- ci/ç [rather a short curved sword, sabre ; also the bill(J) used by the Thessalians. Eur. Electr. 837] : 'ATreKÉ/coTr-o yap KOTiici V-Ù TÛ)i' AlyvTTTitJv. Xen. Cyr. vii. 3, 8. ixdxaipa, uç (tj), species of large knife or cutlass which 348 389, 390. (388) Homer's heroes carried by the side of the sword, afterwards, short sword, cavalry sabre, in Xenophon : 'Qç ci rove iiayTÎovç /iXarrretr, ^a^a«pav fièy fiàWay i} Eios, 10Ç (ro), long sword : 'E€pei»', tu carry, in general, prop, and fig. ; ferre : Km riKui' ot â>'cp£ç (pépotTeç 7>'/r iiîia-oXiiv. Xen. Cyr, ii. 2, 7- âyeif, to conduct, convey by carriage ; hence to carry from one place to another, to bring : Nj/ec T tV- Aj//ii oto iraoiffTaaui' ohoy ayovaai. II. viii. 467. alpeif, to /a/:e up in order to remove ; hence to carry, to bring : M// juot oîi'ov cuipt. II. vi. 264. Paordl^eii', to lift a thing up and ascertain its weight, to puise or weigh ; poriare : 'ETrti /utyn t-OhOv kiiiiararrt kiù \ct TTur-ni. Od. xxi. 405. Hence to lift up and carry a heavy body, a burden : Aâay /jaord^orra TrtXiupwy afitporEpTjaii'. Od. xii. 594. [Also oTrXn, irai^ioy. Pol. ii. 24 ; xv.'26 ; r^ \epo'iy. Soph. ; ly yn'o^T). ^Jsch.^ KOfiil^EH', to carry, with the notion of care, and to the place where the person spoken of is ; hence to bring to : Unoerctii- ae.1 apa tri K(h uX\u)y ol tt, âXX»;ç iruXtwc; uvrrj KojÀiaovaiv iHy hlrai. Plat. Pol. ii. 370, e. [Kofii^taticu, Xlid., to carry off for oneself; hence to obtain, to receive ; to recover.^ rXTJvai, to bear, fig. to take upon one, to support, to endure •■ 'Eirti ouTTo» rX>;opi'iy. Xen. Cyr. i\. 1, 12. \^=: gestare ; cf. pa(rraVf«»'.] 390. 390 4>oP£Îa9ai, prop. /o bc frightened and flee : Kà/i piaaor irtlnin (jiopéoyTo ftôiç wç. II. vi. 41. Hence to dread, to fear, but always in speaking of an instantaneous and in- considerate fear: 'i'« ^17 (polnpU (i/ofitladat. Xen. Mem. i. •2. 7. 390. 349 SEiScif, to fear, used of deliberate and reasonable fear, of (390) the fear which weighs and foresees the danger present or to come: 'Evravda fiiyToi ceiuaiTec fxt) i:ai ivécpa rig neii^uy vTTtir] kiticTyjyv. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 23. SeiXaiceic, to he coivardly, to be a coward : 'AêiKÛi' Kal êeiXuivEir. Aristot. Eth. N. ii. 6, 19. 8ci|xaivciv, to he frightened, to be afraid: 'Evt vr)X KaQtiaTO ëeifiai- vovreç. IL Apoll. 404. èppcoSctf (ojôpoç \^scroturn\), Jonic dppwSeîi', properly, to hide the tail between the legs, as certain animals do when frightened [this derivation is improhahle~\ ; hence, fig. to fear: Tàç avj-Kpophc yap rwr kcikCjc Trenpa-^ÔTUJP ov tt^ttoQ' v/3pi(r' avToc ôppujêûiy TraOE'iy. Eur. Fragm. Andromed. TTTqo-creti', prop, to crouch on the ground in order not to be seen ; hence to he terrified : neirrrjiaç yap eKeiro vwo 6p6iov. Od. xxii. 362. piY^îv, to have the blood run cold, to shudder, with flight, to be ter- rified ; Tpwiç ê' ippiyt]aav, oiruiç ïôov ïxpiv. II. xii. 208. TapPeîc, to he alarmed : Qdpirei, Aupêaricrj Hpia^xe, (ppeai, firjêé ri 7Ùpj3ei. II. xxiv. 171. Tpeî»', rare in prose, to tremble with fear, prop, in Homer, and fig. in ^schylus : Ni/v êè rptu) fii) reXérrr] Kajj.\ii'nrovç 'Epij/rwc. JEsch. Sept. 790. Tpépeiv, fig. to dread, to fear : Tovrov OlSivovg irâXai Tpî[J.wv rbv âvSp' t(pivyt pt) Krâifoi. Soph. Œd. R. 94?. TeTp€p.a£v€iv, a frequentative of the preceding word, to tremble from head to foot with fear, to quake : Toûrô pt ttpuTv rtrpefiaivuv. Aristoph. Nub. 373. TpO(i€€iv, old poetic form, to tremble with fear : 'Av^pôç àpipiCTaeik', prop, to have the hair bristling, to have the hair stand on end, to shiver and shake with fear, hence, fig. to be filled with fear, to be in a state of terrour ; to shudder at, dread : 0Ï ré ere iraippiKacyi, \iord' ujg fjirjtcàoec alyeç. II. xi. 383. Hh 350 391. X. 391. 391 X^P'^^f "Ç ('/)' ^ sudden and momentary ^'oi/ to which the soul abandons itself without reserve: KaOciTrtf) v YIoûcikoç ctript'iTo ràç //coi'dc £te X"P"' » *■"' ''*'Py'"'> '''"' iixpooavyTji'. Aristot. Topic, ii. 2. Xapfxa. aroç (rô), subject of joy, that which delights, charms : AvafAtfiaiv n'tv x'^Pf^'^- •^'' •''• ^1- Xapfxo"ot -à rûiv â\\u>>' àydpû)nu)y. Thuc. ii. 38. YrjGos, loç (70), poet, word found in the Orphic hymns, and used afterwards by I'lutarch and Lucian, joy: 'EXQk, fiÛKap, aKipTtjTÔ, (jiipijjv TToXr yijOog airaaiv. Orph. Hymn. 45, 7- Y»l6o'/), poct. cheerfulness, gaiety, joy, which manifests itself at a feast: "Or' àv ivcppoaîn'i] piv t\y Kara êifftov àiravra. Od. ix. G. TJSon], >7c (>'/)) enjoyment, in general, and principally sen- sual enjoyment, bodily pleasure, voluptuous pleasure : Où yap fivtoi' Twr êid tov aûijjaroç Sitotwv tKoUTet, àWd Kaï rj/f lid Ttjjv yjpr}fid-wv. Xen. Mem. i. 5, 6. 'TjSoç, toç (rô), a synonyme of I'iSovi] : OvêÉ ri êairàç laOXîjç laairai tftoç. II. i. 570. TJSuTTâôeia, ne (//), the delicious sense of enjoyment, de- lightful feeling, voluptuous or luxurious enjoyment, in a good or a bad sense: "^EoiKt ydu // tTTif^tiXtta avrt'iç eiyui n^ia Tt iiivTTilOiui Tic kui oikov (ivï,ti(Tiç. Xen, Œcon. v. 1. 392, 393. 351 IXapô-niç, V'oç (»/), HILARITY ; hilaritas : 'H ^è t\apôr?jc (391) Kal TO evdv^iov. Plut- Ages. 2. T€p\j/is, Ewç (>/), fr. rfpTTEtv, pleasure or delight received from any agreeable pastime, amusement, entertainment, diversion : 'Çlv icad' ij^ipap y Tép\pic to XvTrrfpùi' iKir\y](Tafi. Thuc. ii. 38. T€pir èfioi -nvrojv X"P"' ^'f^'at. Xen. Cyr. i. 6, 11. floA- A'}>' X^îpi-v o'pdXu) aoL ttjç QeairyTOv yrii)pi(jEu}ç. Plat. Polit, 257, a. eùepyecrîa, aç (»)), act of kindness, benefit, important ser- vice, often a service rendered by the inferior to his superior, by the subject to his prince, the citizen to his countrv : "O0p' ùlrjç olôç TOI kv àvêpâai ^vtrjieveeaait' MtVrwp 'AXki- fiicyc eveoyeaîaç ùwotîieli'. Od. xxii. 234. €ÙepYéTif]|JLa, citoç (jo), kind and obliging act, benefit : Qsc evep-yÉTyfxa ciydoûj-rroiç ttûoç àWyXovç ovcéi' karw kiri- yjapiTÙ)T£pov y (jîtwv koI tzotwv ^aràloaiç. Xen. Cyr. viii. 2, 2. 393. XiTwi», wvoç {h), tunic of wool and without sleeves, or a 393 kind of shirt which was worn next to the skin in ancient times, and afterwards over another shorter tunic: "LTrtpyo- fieyôç pa -^^iTiitya Trepl xpo' ffiyaXofvra êvi'er. Od. xv. 60. yiTbiviov, ov (to), woman's tunic : Kai tcl cia(payy -^itw- via. Aristoph. Lys. 48. XiToji'to-Koç, OU (ô), inner tunic or shirt worn next to the skin and under the x>-tÙ>v, by the Athenians ; subucula : SviiyfXL OTi IjovXet tvv ■^iTurlijKov Xajoe'iy. Aristoph. Av. 946. Hh 2 352 394. 394. 394 x^<^î''' iriyrt aiavputç iyKiKopcvXi}piyoç. Aristoph. I'esp. 10. 395. 353 cicrûpva, y]ç (r;), woollen cloak of the people of the North, (394) in Herodotus : Qrjpia rwr rd ^epfxara Trepi ràç aiavpruç vripappdirriTai.. Herodot. iv. 109. oToXiî, j/e (t;), long robe in use in the East, in Xenophon : Kfù j/i' it^e (TToXi]v Tt)y M//^t/c>/>' liccvvTa èoïivai tivi. Xen. Cyr. i. 4, 26. [Also g. t. for attire, mode of dress, equip- ment.^ Tr\^€vva, r]ç (r/), and •n^jSecj'os, ov (o), the to(ja of the Ro- mans : Kc(i Ti'il^eyvat' k'/), and fic'vos, éof (ro), ragi, wralh : Mijvtv àeiêt, 6fâ, Yltj\iidd((A} ' A\i\?ioç. II. i. 1. [More probably h. fiaiytaBai, niftqva, than fr. fiéveiv.] ôpY^, ^c (»/), passion, anger: <^o^ov^tvoç, ^ii n yéioiro êià Ti)y ]y opy;)r on TTcurac >//iâc' Xviriiaoi. Xen. Ci/r. V. 5, 18. 6pYiXÔT7)9, T/roç (//), inclination or tendency to anger, irascibility ; iracundia : 'H Ik KOKta opyiXUTTjc. Aristot, Eth. Nic. ii. 7, 10. 396. 396 ] /jouXj/" TrpoiouvXtvft' lypntpt]. Devi, in Timocr. 703, 17. 397. 397 i|/o(^>£Î>', to make a noise or knock at the door, used of one inside, and wlio is about to go out. The doors of the Greeks opened outwards, so that a person wishing to go out, was obliged to rap from within, in order not to knock against the passers-by : Kottt-ouiti taù xpixpovai ritç avrwy Oitpuç ittTtiidey o't Trpoityai ^uXXorrtc- I^lut. Puhl. 19. [In- trans. of the door ; =: crepare.^ 398, 399. 355 Koirreii', to knock at the door, used of a person outside, (397) who wishes to come in : Tic tad' o kowtiov d/v dvpav ; Aristoph. Plut. 1097. Kpoueik, to knock at the door from the inside, in Aris- tophanes : 'O o j/(5r; d))' dvpav eTTitj^f kpoiiwr. Aristoph. Ecoles. 317, but this use of the word is considered im- proper by the grammarians. 398. i|/uxii, ^c (>/)) prop, breath of life ; hence, 1. the soul, the oqo principle of life ; in Homer, the incorporeal substance, but which, when disengaged from the body, retains the visible form of it : Al-ipa c 'ikovto /car' 'Acr(po^e\ùv Xeijj.ù)i'a, ïvQa te vaiovffi \liv)(^ai, e'iêojXa Kafiôvruyv. Od. xxiv. 14. 2. The immortal soul, in Herodotus, Plato, and Xenophon : Ovk rjaOrjtjai otl àOctraroç îjfxwv rj \pv)(fi Kai ovêÎTrore ÛTrôAXurai; Plat. Pol. X. G08, d. Oufjios, ov (o), the heart, the seat of the vital principle ; hence, sometimes in poetry, the soul, the principle of life : QvfÀOV cnroTTveiioy. II. iv. 524. iri'eûp.a, aroç (to), breath, breathing ; hence, fig. the Holy Spirit in the O. T. and N. T. : 'H àyânr] tov Beau ekke- XVTai iv Tcûç Kapciaiç {jfiwv êia UptvidciTOc àyiov tov CoOév- Toç iifùi'. Rom. v. 5. irpairtSeç, lov (aï), diaphragm ; hence, fig. mind, with the asso- ciated notion of industry, skill: Avràp iv avTt^ izoiu ëaiëaXa noWà iôviyai rpaizietaaiv. IL xviii. 482. 399. ' »J/ûxos, (.oç {to), cold, in general : 'AXXà v/'i'X'? ''^ xeifxiL- qqq VOÇ Kui daXirr] Qipovç Èdii^ei Kaprepsly. Xen. Œcon. 5, 3. Kpujjios, OÏJ (Ô), severe cold, frost : "Ev0a tovç fxev o/crw Twy fiTji'uiv à(p6pT)Toç oioç yivtTai Kpvfioç. Herodot. iv. 28. Kpvos, tog {to), poet, cold, prop, and fig. : KaKov jMf. KapSiav tl TTipiTrirrei kovoç. JEsch. Sept. 834. TTttYeTos, ov (Ô), frost, ice ; gelu : 'H /utj' yap Trnyi't] ttj ai/ri/c «ffj^vt àvTKJTTÛauaa to dapfiuv e'xEt eV avTrj, ô ce rraya- TOÇ iwnrtj^aç. Xen. Cyneg. 5, 1. 356 400. (399) Trâyoç, ov (ô), and Trdyos, loç (ro), frost in Aristotle ; hence ice ; gelu : Aià ri toû ^tt^wioc j'/rror vacppaivofitOa, Kcù kv Tolç irâyiaiv iJKiara ; Aristot. Probl. 12, 6. •tt&y^yi], Tjç (»/), hoar frost; pruina . Xfi/iwroç [^tv ovi' Trpwt ovK o^Ei avTÛiy iJray Tra'^r;; ij f/ irayETvç. Xen. Cyn. 5, 1. pîyoç, toQ (ru), cold, in reference to the sensation pro- duced by it, or the pain felt in consequence of it ; frigus : E» f.ie fJtdtit] p'tyoç Kal ka'/naroc. Od. v. 472. ['Ytto Xtfiov Ku'i piyovr. PI. Euthyph. 4, d ; piyr] tea Qà\~i]. Xen. Œc. vii. 23 ; also ague-Jit ; coldJitol'a.ieveT. liipp-'\ Q. 400. ' 400 (Spa, aç (>;), division or portion of the year or day, as season, hour: "Orar wpa j/k^ Xen. Alem. ii. 1, 2. oXw, û)voç (Ô or J/), time, the extent of which is un- limited ; hence it is used for certain periods of time, as the age or life of man, duration of existence allotted him, age (great number of years), but always in an indefinite sense; œi'um : 'Er rf ^erii raDru aliUti Trcirrt. Devi, de Coron. 27. Kaipôs, ov {ô), fixed and precise time, appointed moment, occasion, proper season : *II Kuipùç i/o; ciaXvuy r»/r orpa- Ticiy. Xen. Cyr. v. 5, 43. Xpofos, ou (o), time, in general, and the duration of which can be fixed : Taurt av irur tTroirjaaç ùkÙ noaov ^ôt'ov ; Aristoph. Av. 920. NOTES. aorxaX-ab) occurs only in the present in Horn. The form aff^aXXw is used once by him, Od. ii. 93; this form is used, not only by Hdt., who (like the Tragedians) uses both forms, but also by Xen. and Dem. : 'Ittttoc àa\âXKwv ry rçaxvTrjTi (roi) ^^aXij/ov). Xen. de Re Eq. x. 6. ' Aa^aKkuv ivi r

i/ ànoTrvi^aç, having drowned him by throwing him into a well ; and Gorg. 512, a. à7rnrriyr]{ï), he was drowned in the sea. So also Dem. 883. INDEX. Note.- -The figures denote the niimher of each article; the asterisk indicates the poetic words. à^aaïKivToç, 207 â/3si37jXof, 268 àj5i\Ttpoç, 111 à^ovkoç, 111 ûf/3pa, 256 â/3pôç, 321 *dj8porâ^fiv, 62 àyaQôv, 92 àyadôç, 1 âyaXfia, 198 âyav, 2 ctyavaicrtlv, 3 àyavaKTrjair^ 395 *(27avôc, 151 àydirai, 225 ayant), 225 àyaTfqaiç, 225 âyaaGai, 253 ayyapof, 6 ayytîov, 7 a'yyfXia, 4 ayyîXia^ôpoç, 6 âyytKfjLa, 4 ôyytXoç, 4, 5, 6 *ayyeXrj;p, 6 *âyyoç, 7 oyfiv, 8, 96, 389 âytiv Kai (p'tptiv, 96 àyeiptiv, 9 cîyfXa^ïtv, 9 àysXt], 10 âyt(T0ai, 139 *dyî]. 51 *dyi)vopit], 91 àyii/££ij', 8 ayiov, 330 dyioç, 11, 268 àyiôrriç, 15 àyiartia, 15 àyiioavvj], 15 *oyfcaX?;, 134 •ayKaXtç, 134 àyKiuTpov, 12 *âyKoiv}], 134 a'yKÎiXj;, 14, 52 ây/cypa, 13 àyKÛiv, 14 àyveia, 15 *âyvtvfia, 15 rtyi'îÇîii', 16 dyvofïv, 17 àyvôc, 11, 18 àyvÔTTiç, 15 dyopâ, 19, 20 *àyooài 22 dyportKOç, 22 dyi^iâ, 337 àyvpiç, 20 dyvpTdZ,iiv, 9 ây;;^£iv, 24 *dyj^tyt/oç, 142 àyxiaTtiiç, 339 *dyxiTepfj.(t)v, 142 dywyjj, 196 dyâij^, 20, 25, 26 *dy(Dvdpxr]ç;, 2^ dyuivia, 25 dyiôviciç, 25 dytôvidj-La, 25 dywi'tff/iôç, 25 dyiuvia-rjç, 35 dydJi'oOsTrjç, 27 ^Siiv, 28 dSt\(pôç, 29 çt^jyç, 30 dSiaXtiTTTwç, 32 dSiKsli', 62, 275 dôiKifiia, 31 ddiKia, 31 d^oXfO'xfti', 310 dêvvaroç, 87 360 INDEX. 'âfvrov, 330 •ât9\ov, 2r, •âtOXoç, 2C àfi, 32 •diiêiiv, 28 'ànKtXioç, 88 •af(ic»;c, 8JÎ •a'éi'ptu', 308 •ât\\a, 33 'diffi^pwv, m âZvfioç, 97 d^p, 34 a >?'■'»?. 71 "ôSararoç, 255 àOiip, 46' â^iKroç, 268 àeXa, 26 âOXrjfia, 26 àOXtjTÎjç, 35 àXOov, 2(;, 36 àX0oc, 26 d0p6Îv, 343 à9poi^tiv, 9 *aTa, 14'J alyavii], 52 aiyinXôf, 51 •àit;;ç, 30 *ài^mvtvç, 30 alCwç, 37 a (Cl, 32 âtctv, 48 •ai'OaXoTiv, 273 •a'tOi, K»7 aîOêiv, 273 al9lip, 34 •ai0oc (6), 282 •a70oc (rô), 282 aiOpn, 34 aîXouoof, 138 aI/ia,'3H. 146 al/irts;, 38 ai'i'tî»', 3!) a'tvimt-, 11(5 •aîi'fy^in, 40 ali'iy^oç, 40 •aîi'oi", 41, 11(5, 315 *aivvaOiit. 1)6. 308 «î£. 42 oiVdXia, 10 aiVôXoc, 362 a'iptlv, 302, 308 aîpnv, 308. 389 a'ipiadai, 308 •niaa, 328 'a'iaifioç, 177 alffvqrt'jp, 117 'ainvytviiTriç, 117 *aiav}ivî]Tai, 27, 1 17 aîiJVfjii>t]riia, lOl *aivr)câ, 109 al ate»';, 46 d».-i,.^(^;Xoc, 272 difo'âicfjc, 388 aViç, 46 «(c/irj, 46, 47 •avoir»;!.-, 72 •(ïicoiric, 158 •(î/coXoç, 97 a'icôXoi'yoc 189 àicoj'ri^tiv, 114 dcôiTio»', 52 rJKÔiTtff/ia, 52 ÛKocrftoç, 88 dvoi'dî»!!', 48 difot»dsf;0a'ôc, 53 •dX/jïoç, 353 *dX»/r;j!;. 353 âX»;roj', 60 àXijiN;, 54 *âXiî|ftv, 9 àXiVaarof, 59 nXi(T:7ao-oç, 59 *d\iTan'nr. 62 •aXic/;. 91, 191 dXXdffTiiv, 55 dXXnr-fffCae, 55 ûXXiaGai, 356 dXX6ra;roç, 336 dXXoîoc, 58 d\Xon')r»;c, 56 dXXptovy, 55 dXXoiioaiç, 66 dXXoç, 57, 58 nXXôrpioç, 58, 336 (iXXorpiôr»;c. 56 (jXXorpûiiffiç. 56 (iXXôi^t'XdÇ. 336 *àXfii)tiç, 69 361 àXnvpôç, 59 ('t\nvpwë)iç, 59 àX^iôëiiç. 59 •àXoàj', 385 *à\oàv, 385 àXôyiCTTOç, 111 âXoyov, 242 âXoyoç, 88 *àXo(ài', 385 *â\o;^0(;, 158 *uXç, 250 àXvcôt', 59 àXvrâpxtjç, 27 àXvrriç, 27 •rtX^at'i'fti', 23(j •âX0t, 0*0 âX(piTOi', (ÎO, 97 "â\(iji7, 23 aXoiTTéKi^fii', 80 àfia, Gl *à^aXôç, 321 cifia^a, 81 ôjualtrôç, 337 àiiaprâvtiv, 62 à)xi'i^tiv, 55, 113 â/JfjuTTroç, 65 â^tpi/xvoc, 247 àfiijxavoç, 87 cïfiiXXa, 2G, 223 *àfiiXX7)i.ia, 223 àfioi-peiv, G2 âfiTTt/Xiç, 63 ajliTTEXoC, 63 â^tTTtXwV, G3 *à^7rXa/C£Ïi', 62 *àfivii(ijv, 1, 65 àjivi'dv, 94, 125 à^i(pij3X7](TTpov, 180 àfKpiyvodi', 17 àiKpÎTroXoç, 256, 267 àpL(bij, 266 ÙTrarni', 80 *d7ravpicnc(iv, 96 'dnatpiaKeiv, 80 dnnQriç, 193 dwinrih', 95 dKtXavi'eiv, 94 dTTiXtvOtpoç, 207 dirrjvr], 81 âïï-Xoiç, 244 dffôyoï'oç. 38G divôSofia, 194 diroïKia, 82 âTTOlKOg, 83 dnoKÎ^pvKTOÇ, 84 dTroKi]pvTTiiVy 287 dTTÔKXrjpoç, 84 cÎTroXaiKTjç, 391 dTToXfÎTTflV, 85 I i S62 INDEX. ctTroXXt/i'ai, 302 dvôXoyoç, 32y aVoj'HJfjv, 95 àTrot'i\l/ctaOai, 86 aVoTrf/iTTéO', 85 arroirviytij', 24 aTTopof, 87, 353 aTToaoliilv, 94 droffroXoc, 6 àiroTvyx"i'ftv, 62 àwo4 «pKi'f, 180 apfia, 81 àftftc'i^m^a, 81 àji/io'wtii', 139 àpi'ilaOat, 95 "apor»;p, 148 •aj)or((f l'i-, 148 «poDiirj. 23, 149 àpizàyu, 12 âpTiîîni', 96 âpTTtc'o'i'f), 180 «oïTij, l!IO *àf>pw( lit'. 390 «î^)r«/i(ic. 318 â()roi', !(7 rtf)\', 62 «.', 108 •ai'/yd:ÉM', 343 •ai'iyd^fiTOni, 3411 •il l'y//, 245 •((/'(Y). 310 "ai'nr, 273 'itvOdifioi;, 29 *(ivOaifttiJi', 29 avOaiptnit-, 2(*3 «l'Oiç, 108 nr'()n, 71 «ùrâyytXoc, 5 •uùrt, 108 •dCrfTi/, 277 ai'-tKa, 109 nine, 108 •di'T/i/;, 71 ni'-oj3o£i, 109 •aîiro,3oiiXoc, 203 •ai.rôé»(, 202 •aîiroeaeriyvFjroç, 29 oïiroKéXti'ffroç, 203 avTOKii'i]Toç, 203 nûroKpdraip, 1 17 avrôuaToç, 20,3 nÙToi'Ofioç, 207 avroî', 202 àpaci)ç, 1 11 •d^pn'f/jwj', 1 1 1 d^po'c, 1 10 â^pwi', 11 1 n^cuvof, 306 (î\0ff, 112 •/3d:fii', 310 /S.iO/i.'t, 118 ^iaf^fiôç, 112 liâOpoi; 118 •/3aOi'yi';p(ijf, 147 /"Inij'tii', 1 1.3 •|3//ta, 130 /3oi;X;}(7(ç, 130 jiov—aiç, 348 /3or/ç, 104. 133 f^palielov, 36 l3paSivç, 27 /3pa/3£Dr/K', 27 /3|6â(cat, 261 /3pa;^i'aii/, 134 l3pa-)(^{iç, 326 iSpéyfia, 286 /3p£-ae, 198 /3p£0oç, 348 *'l3pi'Ciiv, 233 /3pôjttoc, 248 iSpoiTT}, 285 */3|uôroe, 38 *j(3oo7-()c, 75 i3pôxOi2£»'. 228 j3vj3\ior, 135 i3vi3Xoç, 135 /Syfiv, 358 ^vpcra, 164 ^nifxoXôxoç, 144 /3w;jôc, 118, 136 'ji(j)Ti)Q, 362 yayya^iivç, 54 yâyyafiov, 180 yciyypaiva, 137 *yora, 119 yaXÉa, 138 yaXîjfôç, 247 ya/xilv. 139 yiiHÙaQai, 139 yaj^itTij, 158 'yaiiÎTtiç, 72 *yani]Kiv^ia, 140 yafH]\ia, 140 y«/i)jXio)', 217 ya/zi/c)'/, 140 yajjLicFKfLV, 139 ii2 ydfioç, 140 ^yafi^ilXai, 153 yaarijp, 141, 293 yfiapôrjjç, 148 *y£ir(}(7i;i/oç, 142 yft'rwi', 142 yfXài', 143 yeXdaifioç, 144 y£Xa(T-(icôç, 144 •yfXacrrôç, 144 *y£Xota'£n', 143 yÉXoioç, 144 yfXoToç, 144 yfXairoTToiôç, 144 y£;i(^£n', 358 ysvfd, 146 »y£r£flXj;, 146 y£j'£0X£û:, 145 *y£V£0Xoi', 146 yerÉcricr, 145 yîvtaiç, 146 ytvETï], 146 y'ivvijfxn, 386 yivvqciç, 146 y£voc, 146 yÉi'fç, 153 yfpaiôç, 98, 147 yÉpaç, 36, 194 yfpoy(7(rt, 132 ykppov, 104 y£pttJi', 147 ytbjuopoç, 148 *y£aj7rôj'OÇ, 148 yEwpyôç, 148 *y£(uro'juoç, 148 y//, 149 *yr/0oç, 391 *y7]9o(Tvin], 391 *yri'tTi]ç. 148 *y?j7ro'!'Oç, 148 *y/;paXfoç, 147 yiipavcriç, 150 yijpaç, 150 yi]pa(nç, 150 *y'npvHr. 28, 310 *y^r/;ç. 148 ytyi'f(T0ai, 199 yXd(ptn>, 152 *yXii/cfpoe. 151 yX.iiiy.i)f. 151 yXÎKpiiv, 152 *yX(DX(ç, 46 364 *yvafJ^6<;, 153 yvciftoç, I ri'3 yvwfii). \:n. 1C4,335 •yoa'tiv, 2!il) yoT)Ttvtiv, 80 yôfioç, 1 Hi *yovii, 38fJ *y6voç, 386 *yoa(Vj, 147 ypdfifia, 1Ô4 ypâ/Àfiara, 'J20 ypaî'ç, 147 ypn^^. 179 •ypiTTf (/(,'. 54 7pT(/.oc, 40, 180 ypoff(poficixoç, 156 ypoff^oc, 52 'yvTii;. 23 •yi'To»', 324 yvfivciaia, 103 yi'/M-a'(Tiov, 103. 155, 172 yvfirafffia, 103 yl'Hi'arTTiKri. 103 yvi^in'iç, 156 yVfii'liTTfc, 15G yi'fji'ôç. 15(i yi'i'fdor. 157 yvi'j), 157, 158 yî'piç, ()<.-, 164 ctpptc, 164 ffT/ifii', 162 êf(Tftivti>\ 16'2 ^iafioç, 165 Sta/nuTiipiof, 165 Ctafuiiriiç, 1()6 TeffTrorfia, 101 CtmroTijç. 167 ôtîipo, 202 ^ff-rt, 202 cév«<^yn'. 308 *^i)tiv. 236 •('i/ïoc 210 *h)ioTi]i;. 323 ^»;Xtî(7y(ii. 275 ^)j\ov%'. 161, 174 dilfitoç, 168 ^ijftitKoivoç, 168 ( tiftoKiiarid, loi ('(//jik;. 169 ^ilfiÔDnj. 3(i4 "("//l'id. 131 ('r/ioç.-, 131 •i"(7;iiç. 323 (^la/Sô/jrot, 170 (^inyyfXoc, 5 (^inynr, 124 ftàctjfin, 171 (^(if>KTi,;. 196 i"(«(rn, 123 liairàaQai, 124 CiatTtjriiç, 300 fiâcoi'oç, 258, 267 ciaKovity, 48 ^laXfytffyni. 310 ^taXfiTTfii'. 351 êtaWaKTj'iç. 300 f tn/«apra'ifij', 62 •tfia/jTtpf ç, 32 Cial'IJCTTtTflÔç, 93 ficivoia. 131, 335 harptlii/, 172 Cia]yy](jiç, 176 ^iicaioi'. 178 êiKaioTTpâytjfia, 178 ^KcniOTrpayi'n, I78 diKaioç. 177 Pucainavri), 178 c'iicaiôrf;c, 178 CiKanoftit. 178 ^«ra/wrnt. 178 •^iirntrn-dXoi;. 300 CiKaffTtjç, 300 •(■(«I»', 113 ô.icjy. 45. 178, 179 ^iKf)OTf)Ç, 331 fiirri^SôXoc. û4 flKTVlVÇ. 54 «'iicn-o)'. 180 ftviKifaii;, 101 ^io«:w\;;. 200 •f.TrXrtf, 181 ^(TrXa'fftof. 181 c^t7rX«(Tiwr. 181 fc7r\,.r<;. 181 •(^ToXioô/c. 90 ^(7rrrx»/<;, 181 f«nTD;^oc, 181 365 SicKoç, 182 ^iffaoi, 192 chffoç, 181 *Si;roç, 1G6 paivfii', 3G1 5/1 a, 222 'uv, 361 pÛTtriiv, 308 pâartipa. 256 itirârt}, 190 ffai'O)', 190 '(JTiipa, 256 , 163 »;, 338 (ç, 191 fo dpà^c ëpà] *ëpc *5pc *êpi êpi *Cpt]n Cpvç, *ôv êv va fil êvt'a(7rfia, 101 ^w, 192 «^uiraXyjjroç, 66 êtKTcipKroç, 193 SvrTfteiJtjç, 210 ëvmrttOijç. 193 êvmuTria, 37 ^ww, 192 •^(5, 340 *5j;(un, 340 ëwpeâ, 194 •îwpfîi', 175 êwpHaOai, 175 *ëMp)jfta, 194 Suipill^aTiicôç, 187 êlOpJITlKÔç, 187 ê(opo^6Kt)i.ia, 194 ëwpodoKÎa, 194 ^tDpov, 194 *êwpvTTt;riç. 256 •û'oon, 31 1 tK^uOif, '2\ô tpavoç. 377 *M'a(i(^fii'. 291, 302 iKiortpiKÔç. 336 ^pnerrr/f. 229 ivcn'iij, 353 é'oiica, 183 iayà!^tatiai. 361 ifc^fYt'rti, 214 toikt. 100 ifjyafnof. 148 •;)(^u-.pt;. 177 «tVnOXi.i-, 36 ipyâ-iyc. 189 éj'f'oOfi', 211 èjrnifU'. 48 'tpyfia. 222 •t.^.»i. 211 ^TraM-el.'. 39 ^p/..XaV3..i. 258 •ti'("(»i, 21 1 êTTotrof, 196 tpy<"'- -22 •M-roî, 211 ëTra/c.it'uv. 48 't"!.?»!!'. 260. 301 tv('oi'. 21 1 ^Traicrr/n 54 'Ept^Soc. 30 ti"(^<'f(i(;, 212 iTrtiKrpiç, 331 ^jUMï'fii'. 220 tv^i'/Ki, 209 in-««:rpiik>Xj/c ;i;U ^pM^.310 i'i'ur.i. 213 intvipri^iih-. 39 •((){ TrrtffW'ii. 228 it'uu:. 306 êVr/Xi'ç 330 •m)ktWoi, 220 iyipyn'i, \'Jl l^^t^iol|Toç, \'!0 •tpjT/if')»', 305 ti'fjMK 30 iTrlypnfâiKi, 210 •t'pir/iôç, 305 îvtnrt 214 ivtypapii. 216 ^pfo'^îr. 239 •t'i'»ji'/c. 1 tTTM^ofof, 212 {(iiCoi", 25» t v6a, 202 iTrifopan'c, 46 tpii'tùi', 375 îptov, 322 (ptç, 223 'îpiiTfta, 223 tOKpOQ, 42 't^)Voc. 38C îpoç, 322 *tpvi(TGai, 94 'îpîiKnv. 94 f()X£ff0«i. 113,224 épojç, 225 tpioT^i', 220 ipwTijna, 227 (pwT)jffiç, 227 laati, 32 tadrifia, 269 taerjc. 269 (ffe/ai', 228 *£(76XÔÇ, 1 *£(T0Oe, 269 tffîrlpitrjua, 93 îffTtjtriç, 269 tan, 2i4 £(7n'a, 136, 340 iariaatç. 377 taxàpa, 136 Éff^apir/jç, 319 tff\nToyîio(jjç, 147 •t'o-o,, 211' Iraîpoç, 229 Èriôç, 53 £rtpoiôr?;ç, 56 IrEpoioCj/, 55 tTipoidjcnç, 56 ïVfpoç. 57 £rfpÔ7-/;c, 56 tTep6(pOii\[xoc, 230 trjjç, 229 tTÎjTVfiOÇ, 53 £roç, 5>3l (Tviioç. 53 éî)Op£IT7-£7l/, 90 £Î)/3aoTOKroc, 297 *tvyfia, 237 tvëainoji', 232 »£Î;(>£ii', 233 •tûôioç, 247 ivSÔKifioç, 212 tv?QÏ.ui, 185 £v^"o^of 212 tvtiCriç, 278 tirtfjytffia, 392 ft 'py£r»;/xa, 392 INDEX. (vt)6T)ç, 244 tùeUiiç, 109, 234 fî'eî', 234 ivÔVjiia, 391 fî>0i'e, 344 £i'0!iC, 109, 234 *£ÛKr/\oc, 247 iVK\(r]ç, 212 fûfcXfta, 185 iVKXtjpoç, 232 £U(coXoc, 366 fiiXoyfii', 39 evXoy ia, 195 iviiapi]ç, 366 *tvjioipoç, 232 fvfiopipoç, 278 tvvdî^tiv, 233 thvai, 13 "ivvaariip, 72 *evvâ7>ip, 72 *ivvkT)]ç, 72 *ivv'iTiç, 158 £Ïir7/, 292 *tvvr]Tiipa, 158 *evvi]Ti)p, 72 *tvvr}Twp, 72 'iïiviç, 158 tinztrriç, 366 fûîTopoç, 359. 366 *tvTroTfioç, 232 tvirptTrtjç, 278 ivirpo(Ji]yop'ta, 235 £Ùn-pô(Ta)7roç, 278 ivpiffKiiv, 236 ivpioarîa, 191 "éuC, 1 (V(TTa9r]ç, 119 tÎToX/nia, 91 firpotTreXoç, 144 ivTv\riQ. 232 tixprjfiia, 185 *iV(ppoffvvi]. 391 tvXtpvÇ' 366 îî'X'/, 237 *fi'\;oe, 185 'iv'x'^^, 237 ev\pv\ia, 91 £ÎJ«^i';;^ov, 91 t(pa(7Kov, 243 £077, 243 t(pT)l3oç, 348 t(pr}aa, 243 367 f(pô\Kiov, 331 Î0(jpioe, 142 ixticoc, 210 £X'''"C. 141 é'we, 245 z. ?ây(cX»;, 190 $ay(cXov, 190 •ÇaTrXourof, 359 ^tùyoç, 81 Çr;\oe, 238 ZrjXoTVTTÎa, 238 ^'>, 124 ZiiTtHv, 239 ^Ô0oç, 30 Çyya, 240 ^vyôi', 240 ^iiyôï, 240 ZvyocyTaOfiôr, 240 ^i^yo-purâi'jj, 240 ZviJiirîjc, 97 ^u>/',, 123 2(5/io, 241, 264 ?wi'>j, 241 ^(!)viov, 241 ^(5ov, 242 ^wpôç, 272 ^ôiff/Lta, 241 Zioarîjp, 241 ^ôicrrpoj', 241 H. »î, 243 7;/3ai(5ç, 326 riiitiTi'ipiov, 172 i'lyilnOat, 8 îiyip.ovtvuv, 8 r'iyefiovia, 101 iiyifiiov, 117 *îiyil\â^nv, 8 l'i^ovti, 391 *»/5of. 391 *i'lSt'fioç, 151 t'iôuTrâOna, 391 r'/(îi''(;, 151 7'}0£a, 196 •^/HtToç, 229 7i07;, 196 7}0oc, 196 ■qiijiv, 51 308 iJKUv, 224 »/\(fl(Tr/;(;, 300 »/\iOioç, 111, 24 J i'/Xioi, 245 'llXvaiov TTiciov, 30 'il^an, 245 I'luipa, 245 V/tfpif, (»3 i'i^ipoç, 151 I'lfiioXia, 331 •»/vopéa, 91 T/i'Kcrrpo)', 141 j/n-fjpoc, 14Î) •/)n-fpo7rf I'tii', 80 *rj~ioç, 151 "»;n-ûtiv, 277 jjné^inlciç, 247 »/j)«/ioc. 247 VÇ. 24(; i'lffOa, 24f; •r/fTi;Yo7oC, 247 •//ff/'X'^oc, 247 il3 *//X''/. 248 •//XOf, 248 »)a>£, 245 G. OnrXo^m, 249 OaXciniu 249 0«Xa^..C, 292 OaXaff'To, 250 •edXoc. •.m; e,i\T!oç, 282 •eân^HV. 253 Ofii'firoc, 251 OnraroS»', 302 0apaa\tc>rt]ç, 252 «âoffoc, 91 252 6arfi('i^tir. 253 età 1(^11, 3 43 OiciT,,,,,-. 372 0tui'. 31(4 Otrffidxici, 254 •Oni'n»'. 385 0<îoi'. 255 ei\np, 129 ei\t]fia, 130 «fXi;(7iç, 130 •Oi/iêé/Xor. 118 0t/iéXio»', 118 0é/jiXioc. 118 0f^iC. 178, 334 0i/i(C ^Tri, 214 Qifiiijreç, 3.'i4 9to^(ixia, 254 0t6ç, 255 Oîùân-aira, 256 •SépÔTri'i;, 256 ôtoÔTroj»', 189 O'ipfiavaiç, 282 Gfpfiarria. 282 0to^/;, 282 ytio/iôrr;ç. 282 eipfiioXIi. 282 06a,t.'.C. 334 0fa»péîi', 343 •er;'éiavvi], 257 0»;C," 258 On-, 259 e/f. 51, 259 •yi'/jT-ôf. 74 •001»'»;, 377 •0..(')C, 297 0.)j)u,i..ç. 299 (^j)fj(T(ic. 252 OpaaiTiiç, 252 0l.i(i'{Tj., 290 Oi>i,.oç. 219 «iiiï. 2!(4 y,.»//, 373 •«/«îftv, 310 •9()rîi'(H', 73 •»p('.Oi-. 299 fli.i'-XXoc. 299 e'fiùXoç, 299 *Opw(rceii', 356 Guyârrirt. 256 erai', 260 273, 302 OùiXXa. 33 OvtaOat. 260 •0KVX/;, 266 Ol'IJTToXtîl'. 260 •0ii>jrr()Xoç, 267 OvXaKOi. 261 Ovfia, 266 •Ovfi'fXi). 136 Qvfiia/ia. 266 0i//i''C. 91. 218, 281, 335, 395, 398 •Qî'oç, 266 "flyoffkôf)^. 267 0i;pa, 2(;2 Ot'pat, 262 Ovpi6ç, 104 'Qvptrpnv, 262 0u7 e^rrjc,' 267 Bwpoç, 251» Qwoal, 263, 264 I. •laXXfij., 114 *'iavnv, 233 •l'ax»;. 299 l'ôfa, 378 iVuîi'fi'oç, 336 ï^tot, 265 i'tvni, 1 13 (frai, 1 14 iipn, 266 itptîot', 266 'mni'tiv 260 î{p»i''i;, 2(i7 UpoyaafifKirirÇt 267 !fpo('|}r;;i;, 267 i(po/(i'>//t(ij|'. 267 ifp r, 266. 330 upoTumv- 267 i(p/.,;. 11. 268 itpoavXth'. 96 Upovv. 2(»0 upoi'py»!»', 260 tipixpàrrrjç, 2(i7 369 lOvc, 234 *'iKc{t'tu', 224 ''ÎKiir, 224 iKÉata, 237 iKuiliyOat, 224 iKpioi', 372 ÎKT-IÇ, 138 i\apèr)]ç, 391 i\ïôç, 249 «Xuôç, 249 tHÛTiov, 269, 394 itjarirTnôç. 2G9 'ifi(Ç)oç, 225 Iriov, 280 ii/(C. 38« î?, 373 "«oe, 121 îwÎTijç, 319 Ittvôç, 279 •(TTTTOl, 81 «C, 191 ïffoç, 177 IffropiKÔc, 270 loTO(jioypa0oç, 270 *"iaThip. 300 îafx«e, 375 îffxvç, 191 ÎTaXtôjrrjç, 271 IraXôç, 271 'iTajiia, 252 iTafiôriiç, 252 tria, 104 ïri'C. 104 *lvyfiàç, 299 Ixvtvtiv, 239 t^i'to»', 122 ÎXVOtTKûTTîïv, 239 *ixiî)p, 38 îi^, 373 */aj/;, 299 K. 'Kayxâî^ni', 143 *KayxaX«£iv, 143 itaciaKoç. 357 icâSoç, 357 KaBatpuv. IG ica0np6ç, 18, 272 KadtvSiiv, 233 KaOîjKii, 160 Kaiiiv, 273 *Kaij'£t)', 302 (cotj'ôç, 332 icaepôç, 400 KaKoi]Qi]ç, 274 *KaKcifiijxav(iç, 274 (caicôi'ODç, 274 Ka/coTTOft?»', 275 KaKOTTfjâynwv, 274 KaKÔç, 274 (caicoîiv, 275 /CftKODpytTj/, 275 /ca/coî'pyoç, 274 KaKO;, 286 *Kâpi]vov, 286 Kaprtpia, 191 "(ca'proc, 191 Kâp(poç, 276 *(cncr(yi'?;roe, 29 "KÛaiç, 29 K-arct x"pô(; ticfwp, 86 KarayÉXocrroe, 144 KaTaCapQâvtiv, 233 Karaîrv?, 296 KcirciKXijcria, 20 KaTciKTt'n'iiv, 302 (ca7■a7^l'(yf^J^ 24 KaT7]yopia. 45, 179 KaT{]iptia, 37 Kttù/xa, 282 Kavf^iarîZiiv, 273 *(caj^ai^£ii^, 143 *Kfap, 281 "/Cfôvôf, 1 *KSKpay/irt, 299 *K£(cpay/xôe, 299. KfKpvrpaXoç, 141 "KiXaëùi', 28 *KfXa^oç, 299 «KÉXfffeai, 283 KtXtvtiv, 283 •/c£\£i/0oe, 337 KfXj;;;, 331 KtXîxpavov, 284 KiXv(poç, 284 Ktpa'ç, 205 */c£i'tâiï', 293 Kivrpov, 46 K£TT(pOÇ, 244 */cepaiÇ£ti', 96 Ktpapoç, 165 Kfpai'rûi'Oi, 325 K£pni'i'ôç, 284 Ktpjxa, 89 K£(T7-éc, 241 *KtvQnv, 301 KKpaXi], 286 /cr;5oc, 338 kT/Xoi/, 121 KiJIXOVV, 159 */o;';p, 251, 328 *(c^p, 281 KÏJÇVKtVtlV, 287 iciipvK, 6 K1ipvTTH%', 287 Ki/iwrôc, 288 Kiy/cXiç, 165 Kiëapiç, 171 *Kt£U', 113,224 KiOâua, 317 *KiOapiç, 317 KiOapiarriç, 289 KiOap(i)S6ç, 289 *KiKXii(TKtiv, 277 *KtKi;t', 191 370 eipcoc. 303 Kiç, 373 Kiarn, 28» Ktrapiç, 171 *Kt\ûrttv. 236 •cXayy»/, 2!»9 icXaiéti', 2i»0 'kXiivoç, 212 icXtKTjâ^tC, 2(J2 •(cXtjrJç, 212 K\toç, 185 icXfrrrKV, !»fi, 21)1 *k\t]Ciûv, 185 KX/jijovo/itl»', 307 icX>j()of. 328 cX/joofiffOui, 307 lcX;;j)OD;(fîf, 307 jcXrjpulc^ia, 82 icXj;poûxoi', 83 icXi^Jarot;, 279 icXiVr;. 2!)2 KXitJtûcfç, 2(52 •kXôvoc, 323 •(cXt'éiv, 48 •icXut6c, 212 Kva(bivnv, 3G0 rvii//. 373 icrwCaXoi', 242, 244 KvuiCiof, 4K •/cr(J(Ta«ii'. 233 KÔOopi'oc. 387 (co.X.a, 141, 2!>3 ifoi/ulirOai, 233 Koipfii/ot;, 1 17 KOiraXov, 24!) roir»;, 24!», 292 •icoîroç. 2!)2 Ko\naTi)iuov. Kiô eôXXa/J./ç, 319 icôXXi^, :{19 KÔXn-ot, 3_'(» •/foX(^0(.-. 2!I9 icô/ijj. 2!»4 KOfiiZui'jit, 38!» ico/uiéff«.n. 8. 113,308 •kÔ/ittoj;, 248 •KÔrcifioç, 248 •jcoi'ia, 295 roi'ioproc, 295 «torjTToi/Ci 387 icôi'iC, 2!»5 'Koi'iaaXoç, 295 roTTic, 388 KÔTTTIIV, 385, 397 icôp;;, 348 Kôpoç, 348, 38fi rôpp;j, 28G, 349 KÔpat], 28«;, 349 copupiSa, 50 KopvfÀfSoç, 50 •eôpDf, 296 Kopvcpâ/3aroc, 292 *Kpadaivtiv, 114 *KpaCir}, 281 KiiairrdXt], 298 "(rpainrôf, 2!»7 Kpariov, 286 (cpai'Of, 296 (cpacrnc, 127 (cpnrtïr, 99 Kpa'rot;, l!»l Kpav/t), 299 rpêaç, 368 «cpn-rovéç, 255 «cptirrwv, 255 •(cp»;yiioç, l Kpiivt], ;{ô4 fP'/îTi'c, 387 Kpijiaririjc, 319 »:pi/3(«i'oç, 279 Kflipi'OV, (iO KplTl'lÇ, 300 "vpoKa'X»;. 314 Kpoi'i/côc. 98 (Cpoi'jdc, 98 KpôraÇoç, 286 (cportî»', 385 Kpôroç, 248 «fpoîijii', 385, 397 rpotii'i'pi;, 354 «rpi'/KJi-, 3!»9 •«i.i'',.(.-, 3!)!» KpVTTTtlV, 301 ifr»i)'*ir, 302 KTiififiTiKi'iç, ;{5!» «criji'ij, 10 jcrT/ioc, 10.242 •«rri'Tuc, 248 Kvfiipvriaiç, 101 Kvfitrov, 14 •ri'f a'Xi/ioc, 212 •(Ct'toç, 185 •icvt'pôç 212 KKicài', 325 ri'icXoc. 19, 104, 303 KVftaTwyri, 51 •kvvÎii, 296 icfX'/jytiTjo»^, 257 "ci'j'j/yi'o, 257 KVfiiyta, 257 •curj/Xairîa, 257 /cvvôffapyfç, 155 Kvpliiiç, 78 Kvpjiiç, 78 •icvpéir. 199, 236 /Cl/pin tic«:X»j(Tia, 20 Kvpioç, 1(»7, 265 (ci^prôi;, 180 cùac 164 KioCtov, 1(J4 icùiXoi', 324 «rwXi'iji»', 304 KWTÏ1), 3(15 irwçiôi,-, 306 A. •Xà«c. 314 Xay\(iifii', 307 Xayc/i', 2î)3 •Xa^taO.ii, 308 •Xaicr/;ïo»'. 104 •Xalr/irt, 250 •Xaii//;;0(iv. 297 XaXMr.'310 Xn/i/Jai'fir. 308 Xafijzai;, 309 Xap;rp('.i, 212 Xa/jn-ri/ji, 309 Xafivpiii, 252 Xoôc, 169 •Xh-.I).". "-DS X(jV»'<'Ï, 288 •Xurpiç;. 1 !», 256 Xavpa, 337 XaÇicjxi, 31 1 Xoipvpaywyttv, !»6 Xn\;oi'o>', I 27 Xrtx'»;. 322 Xax»oc, 322 'Xâxoç, 328 Xsyiir, 277, 310 XeijXanlv, 9(î Xfi'a, 311 *\(ipiôtiç, 151 XiiTovpyia, 102 XeiTovpyôç, 2G7 XÉicrpo»', 292 Xsnl3oç. 331 \£?(e, 315 Xiirrôç, 32G Xtuicôc, 312 *\£i;ff(T£ti/, 343 Xsxoç. 292 X^yfti', 351 Xtjt^tceai, 96 •Xj;{ç, 311 *Xr;/ta, 91. 19G, 21{ XyffTiVtii', 90 "Xi'ai/, 2 XifSavoc, 313 XtjSafwréç, 313 •Xiyai'i'tti', 28 *X(yupi^f(l', 28 Xiôac. 314 XiQoç, 314 •\(>i/;î, 250 Xîvov, 180 Xirij, 237 Xoyflov, 372 Xôyoç, 315 ^^yX*?' 46 186 *\oeTÇ)6v, 316 XoïJftj/, 360 Xourptov, 316 XoïJT-pov, 316 Xovrpdv, 316 'XvOpov, 38 •Ai;Kâ/3ac, 231 Xûicftov, 155 XvfiaiveffOat, 275 Xvfxiwv. 274 Xi^TT»?, 338 Xûpa, 317 XwxJ^ia, 309 Xvxfîov, 309 Vûxvoç, 309 Xvx Xu '\Vovxoç, 309 ^u)ftà(7i)at, '210 moSvTtîv, 291 M. /jayftptîov, 19 nâytipoQ. 318 Hciyoç, 267 /ia^a, 319 ^a^ôe, 320 fiala, 383 *ixau(j9ai, 239 '/lÛKao, 232, 255 /.laKcipioç, 232 jiaKapirTjç. 232 paXaKÔç, 321 VaX0aKÔe, 321 •/xaWôc, 322 *Hdp7rTtiv, 308 paaàaQat, 228 *Hai7Ttvtiv, 239 /icrffréç, 320 ficiTaioç, 244 *lxaTtvnv, 239 pâxcitpa, 388 fiaxT).' 26, 323 *;unî/;af/pat, 71 ^(tyaXôcîwpoe, 187 pkyapov, 340 ^lée/y, 298 uiOiarâvai, 55 /itSôpiof, 142 *AJf0J^.341 •^éSifCTtC, 298 *lx(iSàv, 143 ptiSiàv, 143 */<£iXii(to(;, 151 IxiipdKiov, 348 l-tiipa^, 348 V^XaQpo»/, 330, 340 *HfXtSt]pa, 338 *lxiXtêwi', 338 *p(\têwvT], 338 HiXiT)], 103 peXiri]TT]piov, 172 */if\i^étv, 28 */iéXi'^érT0at. 28 ^ÉXoç, 221, 324 *M£X7r£ij', 28 *lxtvoLvr]. 131 V^i'oc, 91, 123,191, 395 *pÉpipva, 338 /tspoc, 324, 328 p-tcdy KvXov, 52 yUfrajSaXXfji', 55 p(Ta3dX\i(r6ai, 21 UtTaSoTiKoc, 187 peraXX^i', 226 p.iTap.opr/5oe, 131 *j.LI]\oQvTV)Ç, 267 /tT/Xoi', 10, 349 *Hi]\oa]aTt}, 158 *juoy£Îj', 361 /iô0aÇ, 189 *p69oç, 323 /(ô^iuv, 189 /toîpa, 251. 328 'fioXtlv, ! 13, 224 *f.ioXTrdî^fiv, 28 fiovapx'ia, 101 /(ôj/n/oxoc. 1 17 {.lovapâxoç, 35 (lovôfQaXpoç, 230 fiopiov, 324 */iôpof, 251, 328 /top^/j, 378, 379 fiôaxoç, 133 /toYÔ/jpôç, 274 *pveiiff9ni. 310 juî)0oc, 315, 329 pVKTÎjp, 307 jKi;o7rapwi', 331 V^Xoç, 323 /iwpôç, 111. 372 N. •vdicij, 164 *vdKOç. 104 vaôç, 330 vavç, 331 vtaXiiç, 332 Véapéf, 332 7't/3pôf, 205 'i/'riaOai, 224 l'tïicnc, 223 *vn6ç. 2'.i *vtfii9tii', I2li j'É/iéii', 120, 175 "«'{/itffàj', 3 j'f/jéffi^éff'^rti, 3 vifieaiç. '2'Mi vtôç, 23 vîoç, 332 l'toffcrôi;, 381 *J'£OXM'''!."' "i-i'- vê^sX»;. 333 vf^oç, 333 "v»)f w^iof, 151 •t-f/^i'C. 293 vj;^fpr/;ç;. ô3 •k/ttio';, 1 1 1 •»'>;7ri'ri(>(\ 1 1 1 •ri^ar, 3'(>() i'iKf/r»jj)j()»', 30 •fiVrttr, 300 j't'iTfftffOat, 224 l'Ofîi', ;'i43 ratifia, 131, 33 "> rôf/ffif, 33'i vofuvnv, 120 vôfiivfia. 10 rofitiiç, 3(i2 l'ÔftKTftll, }!!) i'('./«)<;, f!H. 33* •)'.')()f, 33.5 j'orc, 33."» •)'u/i0tT(i, 1 40 l'VfKpivup, 13!> 'i'Vfi(pivfia, 140 'rvfKpiv-tjfHov, 140 'yiM •j'îi«T(Tii, 3)12 •»'l'/(Tffét»', 1 15 vvffrd^d)', 233 •Cecvtioi/, 194 •ftîvoç, 3:«> £évoc, 330 £(pôv. 149 S';pâ, 149 Si0oc, 388 ^oavo»», 198 ÎÛXov, 103 ÇuoTÔç, 155 O. •5ap, 158 •ôapi^MV, 310 ôyictroç, 12 ûyKoç, 12, 1 10 ôctvéïf, 1 13 àlijytïv, 8 oôotffoptîj', 113 ôôéf, 337 ô^cDi', 8 ôêvpt], 338 •5Joc, 380 ùOi't'toç, 330 oï«$, 355 ««■în, 343 'olêfia, 250 ■ou;,, 104 o't ii/Aa, 184 oû;3 olv6ni(ov, 03 oîvoç, 341 *ôï(Tr()<;, 121 •oîrof, 251 o'ixiaUai, 113 •oï;^;j'é(r, 1 13 oluii'ôç, 345 ôicpi/jaç, 372 ÔX/Jioç, 232. 359 •ôXf^poç, 251 •ôXé(cfii',302 àXiyapxia, 101 ôXiyoi;, .320 oXctir, 331 ôWvvai, 302 ôXoca iTof'»', 200 ô\oKavTu)fta, 200 ôXoicni»rw(T(ç, 200 ♦ÔXoXi/y/,, 299 'ôXoXvyfioç, 299 ôXo^i'ipffftfai, 290 •ôXi'i^Trioj;, 255 ôXvvOoç, 37Ô •ij/iai/ioç, 29 •ô/ioi'^w»', 29 'ôfitvfirtiç, 72 •o^£i;>'(i-, IJ8 *ô^iiyvpiç, 20 •o^r/yfpi^tcrt^ai, 9 "(l^iXoç, 323 ô/ii^X»/, 333 vpfia, 340 (j/ioya^ioj;, 72 •ô/xoy£i'ërwp, 29 o^opov. 142 vfio-fpfnop, 142 •ô/iôroixoCj 142 ôiiov, 01 *ô/uii''pioç, 142 ."/l'/xi^, 128 •o^wXaJ, 142 (^)>(i^â^(ii', 277 (>i'0/4a']Ç, 54 *6piitt]l36\oç, 54 *ôp»'£ov, 345 ôpviç, 345 èppwêeïv, 390 ♦ôpu/iay^ôç, 248 ôp;(fî(T0a£, 350 ôpxficrrpa. 372 offjov, 178 offtoe, 11, 177, 268 •ôffffe, 346 •ô(T(T£(r0a(, 343 •ôrojSor. 248 oû0ap, 320 *ov\ai, 60 oùX^, 208 *ov\oxvTat, 60 *ovpav'nDi>, 255 ovpia\oç, 46 oSpoç, 71 oûrài', 1 15 *ovri5av6ç, 274 ow 0âvat, 95 oil ^â(TK£!V, 95 ô^ïXov, 197 è;ç. 158 *7rapâicotriç, 72 irapaKpoviiv, 80 îrapaXoyi'Çfff^ai, 80 TTÔpaXoç, 331 *7rapapoc, 1 1 1 TrapavriKii, 109 TTapaippovùii', 111 Trapâ^pwv, 1 11 TTapaxprina, 109 Trapstô, 349 TTÛptlTTl, 214 Traptxtiv, 161, 175 irapîx^GQoi, 161 'wapri'iâç, 349 •n-ap^jîc, 349 7rap»;opoc, 111 'irapijç, 349 irâpfii}, 104 Tvapotixia, 41 Tràc, 201 •7ra(77râXj;, 60 Trârayoç, 248 7rarâ(T(7tiv, 385 7rar££(T0at, 228 ■Kartiv, 113 TrarptKÔi;, 350 nârpioç, 350 Trarpttôrjjc 364 Trarpyoç, 350 Ttaviadai, 351 TrâxvT], 399 TTÉ^lXoi^, 387 *TrÉSov, 149 TTÙpa, 352 *7r£rpap, 382 •TTéTpae, 382 TTêXayot;, 250 *irk\t9pov, 23 •ttÉXéiv, 113, 199 ttjXt/j, 104 Tréfifia, 319 irffnrtiv, 8 *nh'£(jOai, 361 7rtvi(TTt]ç, 258 irkvrjç, 353 irtvdtiv, 290 7r£)'0o(,-, 338 *7r£i'ij^p()(,', 353 TTêlTOyAo)', 26 TTêTrXov, 394 TTÉTrXof, 394 Trtirpu)IÀÎvt], 328 TTspaç, 382 TTtpyafitvf], 135 *7ripetiv, 291 TTfpi/Sapic, 387 ■!ripi[36t]roç, 170 *7r£pij3ô\n(oi', 269 TTipiî^io/ia, 241 nepiZùaTpa, 241 7r£piK£0aXai'a, 296 'nipi.KTiTrjç, 142 •TTfoocrîwv, 142 *n-£p4va(6r>;f, 142 •TripnraTHi', 1 13 •n'fpt(TK£X£ç, 261 TrfpiffKêXi'f, 261 Kk 376 INDEX. aTpî(pni', 5.) arnôipioi', 171, 241 arçiùina, 21)2 arpwftvrj, "292 arvpÛKioj', 46 ffn'ipaÇ, 4B av^ôaia, 10 avi3u)Tf]ç, 3fi2 *iTvyyafioç, 72 ffvyyji'jjç, 339 (TÛyyoï'oç, 29 avyypaipixiç, 270 crû-yicXrjroi', 132 (Tv^f f/j'i'i'ai, 139 avl^iv^iç, 140 •(TvÇuyoç, 158 •(TÛ^vÇ, 72 avKov, 375 (TirXçi', 96 avXk'iynv, 9 (TÎiWoyoç, 20 ffti/i/?i/3aîtiv, 9 avfil3o\ov, 369 cvfÀfiaxi^v, 125 av^p.a\ia, 376 (TV/lTToXf^tt»', 125 (Tv/iTToXirTjç, 3fJ4 ffu^n-ocrio»', 377 (Tyi^a'yttv, 9 ouvaywy»;', 20 •ffiîrai^Joi'. 29 avvicpiov, 20 Tifvéffii;, 335 "(rvKDi'trr/c, 72 avvi\wç, 32 wn, 378 (TXoXfj, 172 ffùifia, 379 awitarrxia, 103 (Twpdf, 259 ayei'a, 101 aii'i'a, 171, 241, 373 a'Xai'rov, 240 T. rayei'a, 101 Taii'in, 171, ra'Xai'rov, 240 TaXapoç, 288 rapid, •2.")6 TavaT)Ki)ç, 46 Ta:r£ii'dc, 326 rap/3é7i'. 390 rapt\f û(>fic, 59 -apixnpôç, 59 ra'ptxoc, 59 rappôç, 305 Tapffo'c, 305 Tâprapoç, 30 raùpoç, 133 raYi'c, 297 'riyoç, 340 •r£»>;rra, 253 TéOptn-Tror, 81 réi^iov, 380 rti'xof, 380 'r'iKpap, 382 r£(c/ujp(o»', 369 'rtKpuip, 382 rfKJor, 381, 386 'riKoç. 386 rfXti'rât-, 3."»l TfXtur»/, 251, 382 rtX;;, 102 réXoc, 102,382 Tipivoç. 23, 330 rtoô^jtii)', 3'Jl Tf'paç, 242, 370 r«p»jv. 321 réppa, 382 •rfpTTwXr;', 391 ripxptç, 391 *TfTpnv, 236 •rérpaoj)i«, 81 •r*rp£/i(iivM«', 390 rfi''XMi', 361 rti'xi'Ci 7 •rf^poT')', 273 rrjjhvva. 394 rr;/3f»')oc, 394 Tiâna, 171 ri0n', 199, 2.36 •r 171/1 a. 208 ri''T(>c. 378 riinT£(»', .385 rt'paj'i'ù;, 101 ri'paffoç, 117 •ri»re0 •vlt'iv, 28 INDEX. 377 (top Kara %£tpô(,, 86 v'iôç, 386 vS< 'vfit'jvaioç, 140 •ù/ii'£Îv, 28 vfivoç, 195 iiiraKovtir, 48 viravTq.v, 236 i;7râpxf'»'> 199 lITTfp, 213 vTTtp^aivHv, 62 wjTfp^axfî^J', 125 iiinjpiTTjç, 189 •i'Tri/ôfii', 233 *vTn>wa(jiiv, 233 V7rndt]iia, 387 vvoî^vyioi', 242 vnôfiiaGoç, 258 inô^vijcTiç, 67 VTZ0\ii, 180 *va'nivi], 323 vaaôç, 52 'ÎKpop^ôç, 362 ^ayfîf, 228 *(paiëinnç, 212 *(paiêpvv(iv, 360 çiah'fii', ICI (paivtnOai, 183 tpâvai, 310 ^avfpoîii', 161 ^aroç, 309 *^âoe, 245, 346 (pâpoç, 394 (pâffyavov, 388 ^â(7(C£t»', 310 (pariZiiv, 310 *0ârtç, 315 ^avXoç, 274 (pavaiQ, 245 •^«■yyoe, 245 ^éva/ci^fu', 80 ^IpEii/, 308, 389 (pepvi], 194 ^r]Xt]^, 375 *(pr)Xovv, 80 *(pr}HtZtiv, 310 0>7p, 242 ^ekyyiaGai, 310 *éeiveiv, 302 ^eôvoç, 238 (pGopâ, 251 ^iXia, 225 (piXôSwpoç, 187 0(Xov((Kta, 223 0t\o7rpo(Tj;yopîa, 235 VitXoe, 229 0t\o) X^ffiç, 00 ^p>;(rrôrjjc, 92 4'>}'P<'Ç> 314 •w/ioyiptui', 147 ^^pôvoç, 400 ;//iXôç, 156 djfùaOat, 21 ;^pwç, IG'4 i/'o^fîi', 397 <î5pn, 400 j^wpa, 149 i/zô^oç. 248 wpaîoc, 278 Xoipfîv, 1 13 '/'l'X''/. 1-3, 398 à;ra«:oi'(Tré(v, 48 X^ptov, 23 '/'''X^'Ci 399. wrtiX;;', 208 Xtôpoç, 23 (ô^cXof, 197 THE END. GiLBEitT & RiviNOTON, Priutera, St. John's Square, London. THE FOLLOWING SCHOOL BOOKS (By the Rev. T. K. ARNOLD) PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. RIVINGTON, ST. Paul's church yard, and waterlog place, pall mall. There are Keys to those works only to which f is prefixed. [Works that are bracketed together may be studied at or about the same stage of a pupil's progress.] LATIN. Edition. 1. t Henry's First Latin Book 8 ft Second Latin Book, and Practical Grammar 4 a It First Verse Book 4 \ Companion to the First Verse Book, containing additional Exercises 1 fHistoriœ Antiquse Epitome' 4 t A Second Verse Book 2 (being Mr. Rapier's Introduction, 3.x carefuUj' revised) 2 j Eclogoe Ovidianœ 7 I Practical Introduction to Latin Prose Composition, Part I. ... 8 {t Cornelius Nepos, with Critical Questions and Imitative Exercises 2 ViRGILIl ^Ilneis, lib. I — VI 1 Eclogœ Horatianœ. Pars I. (Carmina) 2 EclogcE Horatianae. Pars II. (Sermones) 1 Practical Introduction to Latin Prose Composition [continued). t Practical Introduction to Latin Verse Composition 2 Selections from Cicero, with English Notes. Part I. (Orations) 1 Part II. (Epistles) 1 Eclog.î: Historic^; or. Selections from the Roman Histo- 5..^ rians 1 Virgil (continued). Eclogae Horatianae, I. {continued). t Practical Introduction to Latin Prose Composition, Part II. . 2 Practical Introduction to Latin Verse Composition {continued). Handbook of Roman Antiquities 1 t Longer Latin Exercises, Part 1 1 • Part II. (in the press.) iGrotefend's Materials for Translation into Latin 2 t Ellisian Exercises (adapted to the Practical Introduction, Part I.) 3 1 g^° Ellisian Exercises at any time in 3 or 4, for pupils who require more practice. They may precede, accompanij, 0Ï follow the " Practical Introduction." GREEK. 1. Practical Introduction to Greek Accidence 4 2. t Greek Prose Composition 7 ■ Greek Construing Pt. II. {in the press.) Greek Grammar (intended as a sufficient Grammar of reference for the higher forms) 2 Elemeiitarv Greek Grammar 1 t The First Greek Book 1 The Olynthiac Orations of Demosthenes, with copious Notes and Grammatical References 1 Handbook of Grecian Antiquities 1 ' An Atlas to this Work is just published, price 7s. 6d. 2 This Work is published by Messrs. Longman & Co., the original publishers of Mr. Rapier's work. REV. T. K. ARNOLD'S WORKS {conlinued). Edition. Copious and Critical English-Latin Lexicon, founded on the German-Latin Dictionary of Georges [by the Rev. T. K. Arnold and the Rev. J. E. Riddle) 1 " A very slight inspection of it will show that ic aims at a far hiîher standard of accuracy and completeness than any of ils English predecessors." — Extract from Preface. English Grammar for Classical Schools 4 Spelling Turned Etymology 1 + The First German Book 2 German Reading Book 1 t The First French Book .*. 1 First Classical Atlas (just published) 1 THEOLOGICAL. The Christoloot op the Old Testamknt. and Commentary on the Messianic Predictions of the Prophets. By Professor Hcngstenberg. Abridged from the Translation by Dr. Reuel Keith 1 'The Churchman's Companion, containing a great variety of Essays and Papers, some original, but mostly selected, and chiefly on Religious subjects 1 Short Helps to Daily Devotion, selected and arranged for every Day in the Year 1 HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES. Handbook ok Roman Antiqiities 1 Handbook of Grecian Antiocities 1 Handbook of Ancient Geography and History, Part I. 1 Handbook op Medi.eval Geography and Histort, Part II 1 25«. 0lication in Parsing, 'is. Gd. GOSl'KI, E.XTRACTS loT^YOUNG CHILDREN. 3*. By the liiv. C. Arnold. BOY'S ARITHMETIC, Parti. 3s. (JJ. f Ditto, Part II. 3*. G' of California Berkeley RETURN TO the circulation desk of any University of California Library or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY Bldg. 400, Richmond Field Station University of California Richnnond, CA 94804-4698 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS • 2-month loans may be renewed by calling (510)642-6753 • 1-year loans may be recharged by bringing books to NRLF • Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date. DUE AS STAMPED BELOW NOV 01 2001 12,000(11/95) tJ^ t..-;.