
 
 <950/ 
 
 Erhardt 
 Vocabulary of the Enguduk Iloigib
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 «. 
 
 VOCABULARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GUDUK ILOIGOB, 
 
 AS SPOKEN BY THE 
 
 [ASAI- TRIBES m EAST - AFRICA, 
 
 COMPILED BY THE 
 
 R£V» J. ERHARDT, 
 
 ;ary in the service of the church missionary society. 
 
 liildivlssburs, in Wurtemberg. 
 (-.0 111 mission by Ferdinand Riehm. 
 1857.
 
 w 
 
 ■S;;iy-\ 
 
 K.^
 
 ;./H 
 
 VOCABULARY Jf, ] 
 
 OK THE 
 
 ENGUDUK ILOIGOB, 
 
 AS SPOKEN BY THE 
 
 MASAI -TRIBES IN EAST - AFRICA, 
 
 - • ' »■' \ 
 
 \ 
 COMPILED' BY THE 
 
 REVD jr. CRHARnT^ 
 
 JUSSIO-NAHY IN THE SERVICE OF THE CHUHCH MISSIONARY SOCIETt 
 
 liiiilivigsblirS) in AYurtcmhcrg. 
 
 lr» Co in mission by Ferdinand Rich lu. 
 
 1857.
 
 u^'
 
 n. 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Being pcrmiucd by the liberality of the 
 Church Missionary Society to carry through the 
 press a Manuscript, in which Mr. Erhardt my 
 esteemed friend and colleague on the Mission 
 station at Rabbai ]Mpia in East- Africa, has de- 
 posited his researches relative to the language 
 of the Masai tribes, I have to offer a few intro- 
 ductory remarks. 
 
 I. Mr. Erhardt compiled this Vocabidary 
 during his stay on the Suaheli coast, where he 
 had ample opportunities, to converse with Na- 
 tives of various African tribes, more especially 
 with the Suaheli traders constantly proceeding 
 to the Interior of the Masai country. From 
 them he obtained much valuable information. 
 Among other matters he was informed of the 
 existence of a great inland lake, named Ukerewe, 
 being doubtless the same lake Avhich the Natives 
 
 of Zanzibar (on my first arrival in 1 84-1) had 
 
 1*
 
 mentioned to me under the names ,,Tanganika'^ 
 „NIassa"- and Siwa la ,,Uniamesi/' There is 
 undoubtedly an extensive Lake in the Interior, 
 but whether the Niassa commonly called Morawi 
 on former maps, and the lake of Uniamesi are 
 forming one connected volumen of water, is 
 still a problem, which we would vainly attempt 
 to solve on the ground of native reports. The 
 solution of this problem cannot but be given 
 and settled by a scientific European who per- 
 sonally imdertakes a journey to those inland 
 regions. We would fain hope, that the enter- 
 prise of Mr. Burton, who under the auspices 
 of the geographical Society at London has set 
 out on a journey to East -Africa, will greatly 
 contribute toward the final settling of this im- 
 portant question. In like manner we may hope, 
 that the scientific expedition, which the present 
 liberal Rider of Egypt has equipped and sent 
 up the Nile*) for the discovery of its sources, 
 will bear upon this weighty subject. 
 
 II. The nomadic and pastoral Masai tribes, 
 whose language this Vocabulary presents, rove 
 over a vast and plain tract of East- Africa. As 
 
 *) As to the sources of the Nile, I still do adhere to 
 what I have stated in my WaUuafi Vocabulary pag. 12S: ,,The 
 real sources of the Kile appear to be traceable partlj^ to the 
 water running from the snow-cai)])ed mount Kenia, and partly 
 to the woody and marsliy land of the Waniau people 2 '/a 
 or 3 " Lat. Soutli from the Equator."
 
 their bretiircn the wild Wakuafi, so the Masai 
 are in the habit of making continual inroads 
 into the territories of adjacent tribes, striking 
 terror into all the Africans around who do not 
 appertain to the Masai nation. In my Vocabu- 
 lary of the EngutukEloikob, or of the Language 
 of the|.Wakuafl Nation printed in 1854, I have 
 given a descri23tion of the AVakuafi, which ge- 
 nerally applies also to the iMasai, who have their 
 origin, language and manners in common with 
 the Wakuafi. The ]Masai call thcmselvcr ,,Orl- 
 masai," pi. Ilmasai. - Regarding the term „Wa- 
 kuafi^' compare the word ^^Oigob'^' in this Voca- 
 bulary. Whether the word j^Masai'^' has reference 
 to the Arabic ,,maza superbivit" or ,,Masaa con- 
 citavit inter homines diseordiam," or ,,masion 
 pugnax, gladio pcrcutiens vir/^ I venture not to 
 decide. The peculiar manners and customs of 
 the Masai being generally mentioned in this 
 Vocabulary, a separate description of them can 
 be dispensed with. 
 
 III. The interest which East -Africa has la- 
 tely excited in point of christian missions, of 
 commerce, and of philological science, justifies 
 the publication of any new work which may 
 present another-however defective contribution — 
 to the knowledge of East -Africa, throwing ad- 
 ditional light on the nature, condition and lan- 
 guages of her countless inland tribes. Indeed 
 both Mr. Erhardt and myself cannot but be 
 
 <• 
 
 i 
 
 I
 
 fully aware of the imperfection of our present 
 knowledge of the kikuali and kimasai languages, 
 yet wc feel sure^, that even this rudimcntal know- 
 ledge will be hailed with joy by subsequent 
 Missionaries, or by others whom duty may call 
 to those wild countries. They will doubtless be 
 grateful to the Church Missionary Society for 
 having not suffered our Manuscripts to be laid 
 up in its archires in an unprinted state. The 
 time will come when this preparatory work will 
 be turned to good account for the enlightening 
 of East- Africa. 
 
 IV. In carrying this Vocabulary through the 
 press, I avail myself of the opportunity, to pay 
 a lasting tribute of esteem and gratefulness to 
 my former colleagues Messrs. Erhardt and 
 Rcbmann. The latter continues toiling on the 
 Rabbai station, exercising his faith and love 
 among a crooked, and indifferent generatioj! 
 of heathens, whilst Mr. Erhardt's services 
 have been by the Committee transferred to 
 India. But more especially I would on this 
 occasion express my iieartfelt thanks toward the 
 Committee, which for the period of 18 years 
 has treated me with incessant kindness, regard 
 and sympathy under all difficulties, up to the 
 moment when the failure of health constrained 
 me to solicit the dissolution of my relation to 
 the society. May the Lord grant the Church 
 Missionary Society increased means and suitable
 
 < — 
 
 L lor carrying on vigorously their evangelical 
 k in foreign parts ! May He especially enable 
 11^ to bring about the contemplated chain 
 Missionary stations throughout the African 
 tinent! In a sense and spirit far dill'erenL 
 a that of the stern roman Senator (Catoj, 
 » used to close up all his speeches in 
 
 words: „hoc ego censeo, et Carthaginem 
 ; delendam/' I Avould fain have this for my 
 to, and make it ihe subject of prayer and 
 :tion with myself as well as with others: 
 c ego censeo, et Africam orientalem et occi- 
 talem infra circulum aequinoctialem MIssionum 
 jna esse conjungendam/' 
 
 Lastly 1 may add that, as concerns the or- 
 ^raphy of this Vocabulary, I have made use 
 lie standard Alphabet of Dr. Lepsius*) which 
 
 been adopted by most of the Missionary 
 ;ieties, by the Church Missionary Society es- 
 lally, which has strictly enjoined its Missiona- 
 , to put that Alphabet into practise as much 
 possible. In other respects I have left Mr. 
 lardt's orthography perfectly unaltered, though 
 lifFers somewhat from mine, as may be seen 
 
 comparing this Vocabulary with mine on 
 
 Wakuafi language. Each of us wrote an 
 
 *) Standard Alphabet for reducing unwritten languages 
 foreign graj)liic systems to a uniform orthograpliy in 
 oi)o<'in Letters by Dr. R. Lepsius. London: Seeleys, 
 ?l Street and Hannover Street. 1S55.
 
 unwritten language from hearing the sounds as 
 pronounced by the natives. Whicli of" us has 
 got the better over the other, subsequent writers 
 may decide. Perhaps my esteemed colleague has 
 greater claim to priority, than myself, notwith- 
 standing my long previous acquaintance with 
 the vulgar Arabic and several african languages 
 with which I had been familiarized during my 
 stay in Abessinia from anno 1837 — 1843. 
 fn) yivoj^isda y.evodo^oi^ Gal. 5, 26. 
 
 Kornthal in Wiirtemberg, 
 10. Dec. 1856. 
 
 The Editor 
 
 Ii« Hrapf, riiii. Dr., 
 
 Late Missionary in East-Africa.
 
 PRONUNCIATION, 
 
 Every letter has its natural sound, like in 
 German or Italian. Besides the reader may 
 observe, that according to the System of Dr. 
 Lepsius. 
 
 e stands for the German a, exg. Biir. 
 s ,, ,, ,, English sh. 
 
 n )> n M ,j "g. 
 
 cV ,, ,> a peculiar sound, mIucIi is neither 
 dsh, nor dy, but has a tendency 
 towal'd dsh or j, and toward dy 
 or y.
 
 FIRST PART: 
 
 MASAI-ENGLISH.
 
 A. 
 
 a. adv. ,,to." sign of the iniinitlve; a-sam to love. 
 
 a-iSir, to weep, corresponding with the jjUu" and 
 
 ,,o" of some of the south african idioms exg, in 
 
 Kisuaheli ku peiida, in Kimakua a tunela to loyc. 
 aba, orl. moon. 2. round, (as it were) moonshaped 
 
 vegetation Fungus, pi, ii aban. 
 abobok, eng. bark of trees, pi. ingabobogi. 
 abori, adv. down, below, under, abori orld ada under 
 
 the tree, 
 aborloi , eng. splints splinters of wood, derived, from 
 
 the verb a borl which vide, 
 abuak, eng. lamentation, wall, derived from, a-buak. 
 abudani, orl. father in law, pi. ilabudan. 
 
 abudani, eng. mother in law. pi. ingabudan. 
 abulai, orl. uncle, pi. ilabulai. my uncle, orlabulaiai. 
 abura, orl, foam, frolh. derived from a-bur. v. n. 
 aburon, orl, robber, pi. il aburok. from a-bur. v. a, 
 ada, a. contracted into ada to have, prf, adoba to have 
 
 had. 
 ada, el. (collectively) oil. (el the collective article) 
 adambo, eng. sky or heaven, pi. ing adambon. 
 ado, a, contracted ado to be long in size, 
 adoa, prep, in, adoa aji contract, adoaji in the house, 
 adodolu, en. reddish ibis. pi. in adodol. The fern, article 
 
 has thrown ofif the g. few nouns partake of this 
 
 irregularity.
 
 - 14 - 
 
 at;u, a. co>ih-act. agu, lo become, to tuiii out. pi I', ir- 
 regularly, agiagu. to have become, have turned 
 out. eagu subad it -will turn out, well, 
 agidi, adv. slowly, softly, derived, from the adj. gidi. 
 ai, pron. poss. fem. my. pi. ainai mcinc. exg. engeraiai 
 
 my chid. pi. ingeraainai my children, 
 ai, en. the same pronou. with the fem. article, the 
 mine. pi. in ainai the mine, tic SSJliUUQtW. exg. 
 enai eisu, enino edoa. the mine lives, the thine is 
 dead, 
 ai, eng. God & rain. — are identified by the Masai 
 and Wakuafi, as the firmament, & the divine being 
 is by other East-African nations under the appella- 
 tion, mungu & mulungu. *) The immediate residence 
 of this engai is supposed to be on the snow capped, 
 often by clouds obscured mountain doenyo(e)ngai 
 (mountain of God, or rain) It is situated, between 
 the 33 & 34 <> E. long, and 3 & 4 ° S. lat. One of 
 the stated prayers of the Masai runs thus: ,, engai 
 namonieaiopo ingiiruman engujida." lit. God (or rain) 
 I pray thee to have clothed the fields (with) grasi 
 (aiopo is the infin, of the past tense) These words 
 are sung i-hylhmically and pronounced under dan- 
 cing and jumping, 
 aiburugiisi, orl. kneepan. pi. ilaiburugus. 
 aina, eng. hand. pi. ingaik. 
 
 ainio, pron. what. eng. ainioejo what does he say? 
 Prefixed by the adverb. ,,b" (for) bainio what for? 
 = why? bainioisir why doest thou weep? 
 alon, orl. a youth still uncircumclsed from 5 — i2 years 
 of age pi. il aioh. 
 
 *) Wal.a means ,,lieaven"' and ,,go(l" with llie Galla 
 Edit. 
 
 I
 
 ~ i5 - 
 
 airidani, prl. shepherd, any peison tending animals. 
 pi. ilaividan derived from the verb a-irid. 
 
 airuguji, orl kidney, j)!. ii airugnj. 
 
 aiu, en. lit. the bearing or bringing to life, pro geni- 
 tress, mother, pi. in aiu. In form, tliis -word is the 
 fern, participle of the present tense -svilh the ar- 
 ticle. By this name a mother is made mention of 
 after her death. Every person's name is changed 
 after death, from the superstitious belief, that he 
 "vvould make his appearance and trouble the survi- 
 vors if called by the name he bore; to avoid all 
 unpleasantness of that kind, the names aie changed, 
 the departed not knowing -what their new appella- 
 tions are, can rest in (juiciness. The greatest insult 
 to a Masai is, to mention in his presence his de- 
 parted friends by their former name; such a one 
 he vill never let unrevenged. 
 
 aji, eng. house, or rather hut, consisting of a frame 
 ■work of -wood, covered Avith raw hides, pi. ing 
 ajijik. this house-enaji, not as it regularly ought to 
 be enagaji. 
 
 aji, adv. where & where to. ajiirlo, contracted, ajirlo, 
 Avhere doest thou go? ajiedi, contr. ajedi orl alem 
 lal? where is my knife. 
 
 aka, a. contr. aka to say. prf. adiaka to have said. 
 
 akua, el. distance, far unknown distance, exg. crlo 
 elakua-he has gone into the far = has disappeared. 
 
 akwi, s. (without article) grand father, akwilai my grand 
 father. 
 
 ala, el. room, space. 
 
 ala, orl, tooth, tusk. pi. il alan. exg. orl ala lorldome 
 tooth or tusk of the Elephant. 
 
 alase, orl. brother by birth, pi. il alasen 
 
 alau, cng. small black ant. pi. ingalau.
 
 - 16 - 
 
 ale, oil, hedge within which cows are kept over night, 
 pi. il alen. 
 
 alem. or I. large knife, & sword, pi. il alenia. 
 ill em, eng. dim. small knife, pi. ingalema. 
 
 ameu, orl. hunger. 
 
 amlak, eng. spittle. 
 
 anionioni, orl. heggar. pi. il amonok. 
 
 amonioni, eng. female heggar. pi. ing amonok. de- 
 rived, from the verh a-mon to heg. 
 
 amu, conj. because; in consequence of. The last vowel 
 (u) is always dropped when the following word 
 begins with a vowel, exg. edoa amederemaki - not 
 amu ederemaki he died in consequence of having 
 been slabbed. 
 
 an, a. (contr. an) to refuse. Imperat. 1** prs. dania. 
 2*^ endan 1" prs. plural, madan let us refuse, prf. 
 adania. 
 
 ani, a. r. p. to be refused, prf. ad aniaki. — ada- 
 nia — • isiririmi gadare. he refused the beads twice, 
 edaniaki siririmi lengniena. he was refused his 
 beads. 
 
 anaisai, eng. sister, pi. inganaisan. 
 
 anamuke, en. sandal-shoe. pi. inamuka. 
 
 anasa, eng. scttlment, a temporary dwelling place of a 
 party of Masai, comprising some 8 or 10 families, 
 pi. inganasan. 
 
 andado, en. hole (of every description) pi. inandad. 
 
 ang, eng. settlement, of but two or three families, pi. 
 ingangidi. 
 
 ang, pron. poss. fem. our. eng. ingajijik ang our houses, 
 ingera-ang contract, ingerang our children. 
 
 anga, en. cloth & dress, pi. inangan. cnanga narok 
 black cloth. 
 
 anirali, eng. cough.
 
 — 17 — 
 
 anyamare. 9. (without article) engagement ; business, 
 adan yamarl to have business, i. e. lo have to 
 do-be engaged. 
 
 apiali, eng. any mai-riageable woman, without husband- 
 widow^ or spinster, pi. ingapiaU. 
 
 apungni, en. — enapiingni ngorloil the setting of the 
 sun. West, apungni seems to be related with 
 the derived verb a-ibun, which vide. 
 
 ar, a, contracted ar. to beat, strike & kill. Imperativ 
 dara, endar; madar. prf. adara. 
 
 ara, a. to make a noise; to quarrel; to fight, prf. adara 
 ari v. p. lo be beaten, stricken, killed, prf. adaraki. 
 From this root ,,ar" are derived: a-dar. dara fit 
 idariio With this root are to be compared the 
 roots, er or $c ur. 
 
 arasi, orl. rib. pi. ilaras. 
 
 arau, orl. broom, pi. ilaraun, 
 
 ardam. card, number thirty, if with the article orl or 
 eng-ardam ord. number the thirtieth. 
 
 are, card, number, two. gadare twice. 
 
 are, eng, water. 
 
 ari, orl. year. pi. ilarin. 
 
 airibani, orl. tailor, pi. ilairiban, derived from a-rib 
 to sew. Poor Masai make it their business to go 
 about the country sewing hides together for clothing 
 and covers for huts. 
 
 aria, em. Calabash. 2*^, in size. pi. imarlan. vide odi. 
 
 arna, eng. name. pi. ingarnan. 
 
 aro, orl. shame, adorlaro. v. lo have shame i. e. to be 
 ashamed. 
 
 asagadon, orl. sorcerer, pi. ilasagadok. 
 
 asurai, orl. snake, pi. il asuran. 
 
 ase, orl. calf, and any young heifer, pi. ilaso. 
 
 asei, orl. louse, pi. ilase.
 
 — 18 - 
 
 au, conj. or. au — au or — or, naiiu an nengnie, I 
 
 or he. 
 aulo. s. (without article) a large, clear space of ground 
 
 outside of every settlement, where cows are milked, 
 auner, en. a pole used as pestle for pounding beans, 
 
 indian-corn etc. pi. inauneri. 
 awa, eng. crisp pieces of fat out which the grease had 
 
 been boiled, 
 aya, eng. paunch, pi. ingayan. 
 
 ba, adv. far. aji where & how — aji ba? how far? 
 
 ban, e s. distance, remoteness exg. eban edi ganajl? 
 lit the distance is like whereto? 
 
 baba (without article), father, pi. baban. 
 
 babid, or] hair, pi, ilbabidi. orl babid lingoniek. lit, 
 hair of the eyes. i. e. eye brow, 
 
 back, el. (collectively) Indian corn. Not planted by the 
 Masai but bought from other tribes, else known 
 and planted in East $C Central- Africa. 
 
 bager (without article) fern. & masc, sister & brother 
 in law. 
 
 bai, em. arrow, pi. imba. 
 
 bal, a,' to leave off; to let alone Imp. dabala; endabal, 
 madabal. prf. adabala, exg. nabal engnie dennaisori 
 ngisu, I let him alone if I am given cows. 
 
 bali, a. vpass. to be let alone, prf. adabalaki. 
 
 balis, em. (after birth) secundine, pi. imbalisi, 
 
 barawui, em. pi. imharawiiio. So the Wakuafi are called 
 by their brethren, the Masai. It will be observed 
 that the fern, form is used expressive of the con- 
 tempt which the Masai have for the Wakuafi. comp. 
 orl oigob. 
 
 
 i
 
 — 19 — 
 
 bargiji, em. mitlday, noon & <lay in contra-tllslinclion 
 to night. 
 
 harnodi, orl. boy from 9 to 11 years, pi. ilbarnod. 
 Boys receive tliis name -when lliey exchange the 
 company of the -women -with entering in the ranks 
 of the fighting companies, Avhich carry on the war- 
 like expeditions against other tribes, and in Nvhich 
 tliey serve as cooks & Avatei' carriers, comp. orl 
 muian. barnodi is composed of the verb a barn to 
 shave & engodi a small calabash, meaning the 
 Calabash scraper, referring probably to all the me- 
 nial services they are to perform for the ilmuran. 
 
 barn, a. to shave. Imp. dabarno; endabarn; madabarn. 
 prf. adabarno. 
 
 barni, a. v. pass, to be shaved, prf. adabarnoki. 
 
 baya, a. to reach; to come as far as. Imp. dabai; en- 
 dabai. madabai. prf. adabaye. ajidabaye? where hare 
 you reached = how far have you come. 
 
 bebedo, el. itch. 
 
 beiki, a. to stretch oneself after — in order to reach. 
 Imp. dabeikja; endabeikj; madabeikj. prf. adabeikja. 
 
 be] (bed'), a. to roast. Imp. dabejo; endabej; madabej. 
 prf. ababejo. madabej engiringo warlo; let us roast 
 the meat, & go. 
 
 beji, a. rpass. to be roasted, prf. adabejoki. 
 
 bene, orl. scrip of leather, pi. ilbenen. 
 
 benek, em. leaf & collectively foliage, pi. imbenek. 
 
 ber, a. to lie & sleep. Imp. dabero; endaber. prf. ada- 
 bero. 
 
 bei-angas, em. upper part of the arm, from the elbow 
 to the shoulder, pi. imberangasi, 
 
 here, em. spear, imberen. the chief weapon of the 
 Masai, (probably fr<im ber. lit. the instrument that 
 makes recline = kills.) 
 
 2*
 
 — 20 
 
 bei'odo. em. sleeping place, place for reclining. 
 
 beso, adv. gratuitously. 
 
 bi, a. to be strong, powerful & rough, orldungnanobi, 
 
 a rough fellow. 
 biak, a. to be avaricious — a niggard, prf. adibiaga. 
 biai, a. to twist, to turn. Imp. dibiaia; endibiai. prf. 
 adibiaiaj biaii, a. vpass. to be twisted, prf adibi- 
 aiaki. 
 bidon, em. nock. pi. imbidingi. 
 bidir, orl. wild boar. pi. ilbidiro. 
 bidlr, em. wild swine pi. imbidiro. 
 bido, em. string of a bow. pi. imbido. (made of the 
 
 sinews of animals) 
 bidu, em. the iron baib of an arrow, pi. imbidun. 
 big, a. to put — set — pour — into. Imp. dibiga. 
 endibig. prf. adibigaj dibig engai-rengima put water 
 in the fire, 
 bigi, a. ypass. to be put, set etc. prf. adibigaki. 
 bigid, orl. snail, pi. ilbigido. 
 
 bir, a. V. a & n. to enlarge — get enlarged, grow wide, 
 fat, prf. adobiro. Derivatious from this root are: 
 ibiri; birir; obiro; obiron & ibiro & idobiriso. 
 birir, em. pi. imbiriri lit, the extended, enlarged i. e. 
 
 an iron bell worn at the ancles, 
 bising, a. to cover. Imp. dibisinga; endibising. prf. 
 
 adibisinga; bisingi, a. v. pass. prf. adibisingaki. 
 bisinge, em. cover, lid. pi. imbisingen. 
 bodor, s. (without article) spontaneous growth, ada 
 bodor to have growth = to be luxuriously growing, 
 bogi, adj. & adv. all & each, orldungnani bogi each 
 man. ildungnana bogi all men. 
 laida bogi all together, 
 bogirare (from bogi & are two) lit, all two = both, 
 mabe bogirare let us both go.
 
 - 21 
 
 boida, em. Coiimmnity, famiiies living logother at one 
 and the same settlement, which fight for, and defend 
 one and tlie same interest, form an t?mboida. The 
 strength of the difTercnt settlements & fractions 
 of Masai & Wakuafi lies in the unity of the emboida. 
 wherefore they sing: Eh mikisiir emboida — aniu 
 hira ngabuak. etc. Oh! let us not dissolve the Coni- 
 munily-bccause we had lamentation. When one 
 fraction is victorious over another, the Masai kill 
 all the males, but leave the females unhurt; if the 
 victors are \Yakuafi, they make prisoners of males 
 & females and sell them afterwards to the coast. 
 Only the Wakuafi, of the families of Orloigob, have 
 tasted the advantages of nefarions slave trade. 
 
 bombo, oil. a strong hedge of thorns round an encamp- 
 ment, to guard aganist sudden attacks, pi. ilbombon, 
 
 bon, em. haii- of the body. NB. not hair of the head 
 neither beard. 
 
 bon, a. to add — to increase. Imp. dobono; endobon. 
 prf. adobono: boni, vpass. to be added, prf. adobo- 
 noki. 
 
 bonga, a. vn, to bo swelled — puffed up from over 
 eating prf. adabonga. 
 
 bor, a. vn. to run over. prf. adabora. derivation borl, 
 aborloi ; ibor ; iboroi. 
 
 bore, a. vn. to be abundant, prf. aclabore. 
 
 borongo, em. a C;ilabash. pi. imborongon. comp. odi. 
 
 borl, a. to open with force, break open, cleave off. 
 Imp. doborlo ; endoborl. prf. adoborlo. Derivat. 
 aborloi. 
 
 l)6rli, a. vpass. to be opened cleft off prf. adoborloki. 
 
 bo:'owai, em. bow. pi. iraborowan. Not so much used 
 by (he iloigob as by other F-asl-Afiiian tribes.
 
 — 22 — 
 
 buaU, a-lo make a noise, lo wail, hmieiit. prf. adabuaga 
 
 (from which, eiigabuak lamentafion.) 
 buata, em. tooth-hole in front of the loAver jaw pi. 
 
 inibuat, the Masai willi many other tiibes esteem 
 
 it pretty to have one of the incisors nocked out, 
 
 for the purpose of S2)itting out. 
 biigu, a. to pour out = to empty. Imp. diibugu; endii- 
 
 bugu pif. adubugu. 
 bugimi, a, vpass. prf. adubuguyoki. 
 
 buguri, em. & oil. pi. ilimbuguido cahibash. vide odi. 
 biigus, a. to break off. Imp. dubugusa; endubugus. prf. 
 
 adubugusa. 
 bugusi, a. vpass. prf. adubugusaki. 
 bulu, a. to grow. prf. adubulua. 
 biinoa, em. floui-. 
 bur, a. to tear off. pull away-take by force, steal. Imp. 
 
 dubiiro; cndubui-. prf. aduburo derivations of which 
 
 are: abura; aburon* burd; burl; buruo. 
 biiri, a, vpass. pif. aduburoki. 
 burd, a. to pull out, especially the eye brows etc. Imp. 
 
 duburdo enduburd, prf. adubuido. 
 biirdi, a. vpass. prf. aduburdoki. orl babidi llngoniek- 
 
 ainai eduburdoki gnole. lit. the hair of my eyes 
 
 has been pulled out yesterday. 
 bui'l, a. to cut, rip open with spear or sword Imp. 
 
 duburlo enduburl prf. aduburlo. maduburl engnie. 
 
 amedi embarawui. lit let us rip him open, for he 
 
 is a Mkuafi. 
 biirli, a. vpass. to be ripped etc. prf. aduburloki. 
 buruo, em. smoke & steam — fog — cloud, pi. im- 
 
 buruon.
 
 - 23 - 
 
 d. preposition in & into ederie denguuiodo it fell into 
 llie pit. narlo denjore, I go into ■>var. 
 
 da, en. food of every description. 
 
 dabana, en. small hide of goats & sheep, pi. indahaii. 
 
 dabaS, adj. broad. 
 
 dada, adv. now. presently. 
 
 dadegenia early morn — morning. 
 
 dadua, a. to have seen, infinitive of the past tense of 
 the verb a dol. 
 
 dagurla, en. cheek, pi. indaguil. 
 
 dakuenia. form of greeting used by women, lit. laugh. 
 
 — the answer to which is: igo. vid. a kuen. 
 dam, en. (lit the taking up; the eating) receptacle, has-- 
 
 ket, bag, pi. indami. 
 dama, a. infinitive of the past tense from the verb anyia, 
 
 to eat up or swallow, edam engima the fire has 
 
 eaten — i. e. burned it. 
 damu, a. to return what had been eaten — to chew 
 
 the cud — figuratively to recollect. Imp. dadamu 
 
 — endadamu. prf. adadamua. 
 
 To dama & damu comp. rib & ribu; gen & genu, 
 damonon, en. woman in childbed, pi. indamonok. 
 dana, a. to be near; to be close at hand. prf. adadana. 
 danai, en. root, pi. indana. 
 dangnadana, en. name of a woman after she has given 
 
 birth to a child, pi. indangnadan. 
 dangule, en. lower part of the arm, from the elbow to 
 
 the wrist, pi. indangulen. 
 dap, orl. shoulder-blade, pi. il dabi. 
 dap, en. flat part, of hands & feet. pi. indabi. 
 dar, a. to make a noise, to beat — drum — thunder. 
 
 Imp.dadara; endadar; madadar.prf. adadara. derived 
 
 from. ar.
 
 — 24 - 
 
 dari, a. vpass. prf. adadaraki. 
 
 dara, time about night fall, uou dara. come in the 
 
 evening lit the lime of noise oi" the cows, sheep, 
 
 asses etc. when the males are called together to roll 
 
 trunks of trees before the entrances of the hedges 
 
 within which cows are kept over night, 
 daraseras. orl grinder, grinding tooth, pi. il daraseras. 
 daridjeki, en. (collectively) birds, pi. indaridjek. 
 dasini, en. medecine, ajnulet & sorcery, pi. indasimi. 
 dau, orl. heart & spirit, pi. ildaiin. 
 dau, a. to descend, to come down, to give birth (Ofie* 
 
 bcrfomiuen) Imp. dadaiia; endadau. prf. adadauo. 
 dauni, a. vpass. to be brought down. prf. adadauoki. 
 dauo, en. (lit Die 'l)tiebei'iJCfDmmene) pi. indauon. name 
 
 of a cow & cows after they have throAvn one calf, 
 dada, orl. tree of moderate size. pi. ilgek. not to be 
 
 confounded with the collective elgek. 
 dada, en. small tree, pole. pi. ingek. 
 dede, e. s. truth & adv. truly, 
 dede, a. to break out the kernels of indian-corn. Imp. 
 
 dededia. pif. adededia. 
 deiba, s. & adv. coming, 
 deisere, adv. to morrow, 
 de, prep. vid. d, 
 den, conj. if. den edgde narlo deisere. If it is true I go 
 
 to morrow, 
 dene, adv. there. 
 
 derege, orl. testicle pi. ilderegen. 
 derie, a. v. n. to be broken, vid. ria. 
 deroni, en. house-rat, pi. indero. 
 deya, a. to swell, prf. adedeya. 
 di, a. to be. prf. adiduo to have been, idiaji? art thou 
 
 at home? nadiaji. I am at home, edorldungnani 
 
 siibad, he is a good man.
 
 - 25 - 
 
 dia, oil. pi. ildiuin. ni. > , 
 
 dia, en. pi. iiidiuin. ieiu. ' 
 
 The dug is a much favoured animal nitli the iMas^ji 
 each child is associated -svilh one; they remove all 
 the ofTensive and keep so the child comparalively 
 clean. When the dog of a child dies, the head of 
 the little Masai is shaved in alternate stripes, which 
 is called the buiial costume of a dog. 
 
 dido, en. giil. pi. indoye. So called until they are 
 circumcised and given into marriage, which seems 
 to take place about ihe 20 \'' year. 
 
 didu, orl. needle, pi. ildidun. manufactured by Masai 
 smiths but those brought by Suaheli traders ore 
 liked better. 
 
 dilokue, en. stock, stump of a tree. pi. indllokuen. 
 
 dim, orl very large tree; trunk of a large tree. pi. 
 ildimi. 
 
 dim, en. pi. indimi. (collective) forest, woods. 
 
 diol, en. gun, musket. 
 
 doa, a. to have died, infinitive of the past, from a e 
 to die. 
 
 dodu, a. to lift off the fii-e — take away. v. n. to dis- 
 appear, vanish. Imp. dadodu; endadodu. prf. ada- 
 doduo. 
 
 dodiini, a. vpass. prf. adadoduoki. 
 
 dodudai, orl. ulcer, pi. ildoduda. 
 
 doenyo. orl. mountain — large mount, pi. ildoenyon. 
 
 dogidok, a vn. to boil engar edogidok. the water boils. 
 
 dol, a. to sec. prf. adadua. 
 
 doli, a. vpass. to be seen. prf. adaduaki, 
 
 dorlu, en. hatchet, pi. iiidorlun. derived from. or. 
 
 doki, en. thing, pi. indokitin. insokengnie endoki gidi. 
 give him a little thing; a trifle. 
 
 donie, orl. elephant, pi. ildomcn.
 
 — 26 — 
 
 domon, ten. ildungnana donion, ten men. orldomon 
 
 dungnani the tenth man. 
 don, a. to sit, to stay & live at a place. Imp. dodona; 
 
 endodon madodon. prf. adodona, madodon, madam 
 
 lomon — lit. let us sit down, let us eat stories 
 
 or news, i, e. relate stories or hear news, 
 donoda, en. lit. to live or stay together, pi. iudono- 
 
 dan. i. e. family, company, 
 dorlu, en. hatchet, pi. indorlun. 
 dorok adj. very bad, broken, spoiled 
 dorono, adj. bad 
 dorop. adj. cut off, short 
 doye, a. v. n. to fall. prf. adadoye. 
 doyo, a. to be dry, withered, orldada odoyo a withered 
 
 tree, 
 doni orl. skin, hide of larger animals, pi. ildonido. 
 doni, en. (dim.) small hide pi. indonido. 
 doruet, orl. friend, pi. ildorueda. 
 doruet, en. female fiiend pi. indorueda. 
 doso, en. wax of bees, 
 dua, en. frog. pi. induan. 
 
 dua, a. to be bitter, sour & hot. prf. adadua. 
 dubake, a. to follow, to go after. Imp. dudubake. prf. 
 
 adudubaka. 
 dude, en. gut. pi. induden. (From the root, ud.) 
 diidua, en. basket, lit the plaited, pi. induduan (from 
 
 ud.) 
 dudunio, en. heel. pi. indudiinion. (from ud.) 
 diika, en. bambus. pi. indi'ikan. 
 dulele, en. love apple, pi. indulelen. It is growing 
 
 wild, 
 diilet, orl, Calabass. pi. ilduleda. comp. odi. 
 diimu, a. to remove, take away. Imp. diidumu ; endu- 
 
 dumu. prf. adudumua.
 
 - 27 — 
 
 dumuni, a. vpass. prf. aduduniuulu. 
 
 dun, a. to cut, down, cut, otV. Imp. diulunga; ciiduduh. 
 
 prf. aduduiiira. 
 dungi, a. vpass. [>il. adiuluiigalu. 
 dungTiaiii, oil. homo. man. pi. ildungnana? 
 duiigiiana, cl. humanity, 
 duo, adv. to day. 
 dur, a. to dig, to root up. & to plant. Imp. diiduro; 
 
 endiidur. pi f. aduduro. (Derived from ur.) 
 diiri, a vpass. prf. adudurooki. 
 duru, a. (enlarged from dur, to dig up. Imp. duduru: 
 
 endudiiiu. pif. adudunio. 
 duruni, a vpass. prf. aduduruoUi. 
 durodo, orl. well & digged water ])it. pi. ildurodoii. 
 
 Other dirivations from dur are: idurj idura; idine; 
 
 idurul;. 
 durbuha, en. pi. indurbuban a snake when full grown 
 
 of the thickness of an arm and about, 5' long, is 
 
 venomous & fond of lying in sandy paths in lUsua- 
 
 Leli called bafe. 
 duret, en. a covering of leaves against rain; umbrella. 
 
 pi. indureda. 
 durodo, orl. vid under dur. 
 
 K. 
 
 e, a. to die. prf. adoa. babalai edoa my father has died. 
 
 babalai odoa my father is dead. 
 e & e, the article of the fern, gender pi. i. C.hiefly in 
 
 coimection with nouns beginning with the letters 
 
 s & r. 
 e ^ e he ^ she abridged pronoun personal 8f for the 
 
 plural they are invariably connected with the Verb, 
 ca, eng. sickness, disease, engea naibor. lit. the white
 
 — 28 - 
 
 sickness — i. e. small pox. (derived probably from 
 a e to die.) 
 
 ehl inter), heh! ha! Oh! 
 
 eibangi. orl. hill. pi. ileibangin. 
 
 eibardani, orl & eng. bride groom & bride. So the 
 party is called on the day on which the marriage 
 festivilies are kept. The agreement is made by the 
 male with the relations of the female, as to the 
 number of cows given for the female. Before they 
 come together the female is circumcised, points 
 herself with red & white and awaits her paitner 
 under her parent's roof. A few cows are killed, 
 the breast & the right hind leg are sent to the 
 chief & the respective families celebrate the event 
 in eating & drinking, from this time the female 
 is considered the sole pj'operty of him who bought 
 her. The Masai marries generally two women. 
 
 eiboni, orl. king. pi. ileibonok. The patriarchal govern- 
 ment mostly prevails among the Masai. Still diffe- 
 rent parties select & aknowledge one common 
 leader. To him it belongs, to make sorcery for 
 procuring rain, against enemies & for successful 
 expeditions of their own. If expeditions against 
 other tribes are lost three times successively by 
 a new installed king, he is pronounced unlit for his 
 task, killed & another chosen in his stead. 
 
 eigurlu, orl. breast bone, sternum, pi. ileigi'irlun. 
 
 ejare, el. lie. adelejare to be with a lie i. e. to lie. 
 
 el, the collective article, without plural, of the fem. 
 gender. Always in connection with abstract & col- 
 lective nouns. 
 
 tl, a. to anoint, to salve. Imp. igii; inpl; nia$l. prf. a 
 olie. 
 
 eli, a. vpass. prf. aelieki. '
 
 - 29 — 
 
 ele, pron. cleinon. masc. this. pi. these, gulo. ^ledung- 
 
 iiaui, this man; guUulungnana these men. 
 gkle, pron. demon, masc. that. pi. guldo, those, 
 elesadi, eng. potsherd, fragment of earthenware, jtl. 
 
 ingelisad. 
 erne, negation no & not, abridged 'me. 
 emied, five & fifth. 
 emoran, orl. shrub of a mintlike odour, pi. ilemoran. 
 
 used as perfume, 
 em, the article of the fem. gender, pi. im. before nouns 
 
 begining -with b. 
 en, the article of the fem. gender, pi. in. before nouns 
 
 begining with d. 
 en, a to bind. Imp. dena; cnden; maden. prf. adena. 
 eni, a. vpass. prf. adenaki. From which ene. s. 
 ena, pron. demon, fem. this. pi. giina these, 
 enda, pron. dem. fem. that. pi. gunda those, gundagera 
 
 those, children, 
 ende, adv. there, far off. 
 
 enduruj (d) nine, sal is also used for this number, 
 ene, adv. here, cdiene he or she is here, 
 ene, eng. strap of leather, pi. ingen. (From a en.) 
 eng. the article of the fem. gender, pi. ing. chiefly 
 
 before nouns beginning with a vowel, 
 eo. }es. (female reply.) 
 gr, r. vn. to break, er er it breaks it breaks! root of 
 
 ria & rek. 
 eroe, eng. Shortness of breath, asthma, 
 esied. eight, enesiedgorlou the S*'' day. ingorlon esicd 
 
 8 days. 
 
 G. 
 
 g. preposition, for. gainio what for = in exchange of 
 what.
 
 — 30 - 
 
 ga. pron. what, A\liat kind, gananga ena -what sort of 
 
 cloth? garldungnani oiin guduk ajl -what man passes 
 
 the door, 
 gad. times, repetition of any act. gadare, twice, gadiine 
 
 three times, 
 gada, en. s. time enagada, ihis time, edengada boilo it 
 
 is time (for) to go. 
 gadambo. s. vid. adanibo. 
 gage. conj. but. gage mad(e) embai but I have no 
 
 arrow, 
 gai, en. vid, ai. 
 g i. adj. other, another, orl gai dungnani another man. 
 
 orl dungnani orl gai the other man. engai orlon 
 
 another day. engorlon engai the other day. 
 gaina, en. rid. aina. 
 galau, en. vid. alau. 
 galem, en. vid. alem. 
 gamlak, en. vid. amlak. 
 aamomoni, en. vid, amomoni. 
 ganaisai, en. vid. anaisai. 
 ganasa, en. vid. anasa. 
 gang, en. vid. ang. 
 gapiak, en. vid. apiak. 
 
 gar, a to be of a strong bright colour, Sf roaring sound, 
 garia, orl. red ochre, usually mixed with ghee for 
 
 anointing dress 8f body, 
 gare, en. (vid. are.) lit the roaring, (water) 
 garna, en. vid. arna. 
 
 garsis, orl. title of respect. Lord, mastei'. 
 garsis, en. mistress, lady, 
 gasegase, adv. indifferently, so — so. 
 gawa, en. vid. awa. 
 gaya, en, vid. aya.
 
 - 31 — 
 
 ge, arlv. (enclitical) but, only, eduluayc nengniege, he 
 
 esca])ecl he alone or he only, 
 gca, en. vid. ea. 
 
 geber, adv. on, upon, & up. gcber aji upon the house, 
 gebu, a. to clioose, to select, pif, adegObuo. 
 gcbiini, a vpass. to be cliosen, selecicd. prf, adege- 
 
 buoUi. 
 glj. (ged') a. vn. to flow, to run. prf. adegeja. 
 geju, orl. lit, the flowing, river, pi. ilgelek. 
 geju, en. foot. pi. ingejek (feet of man,'& beast.) 
 gek, el. (collcctiv) wood, fuel, 
 gen, a. to shut, to bind fast. Jmp. dagena; endagen. 
 
 prf. adagena. 
 geni. a. vpass. to be shut & be bound, j^rf. adagenalu. 
 genu, a, v. to unloose, to open. prf. adagenua. 
 genuni, a. vpass. to be unloosed — opened, prf. age- 
 
 nuald. 
 
 gelesadi, en, vid. elesadi. 
 
 ger, a. root of. 
 
 eer, orl. pi. ili^era. niasc. i , 
 
 ^~ . . } sheep. 
 
 ger, en. pi. ingcra fcm. J 
 
 gerai, en. pi. ingera = ncug 6 & ?). child. 
 
 geredi, orl. offering for rain others being not made, 
 A sheep is slaughtered in the midst of a setllenient 
 & eaten by all persons present. Its skin is split, 
 into so many slips that each inhabitant male and 
 female, small & great, may get one for wearing on 
 the middle finger. This slip is iike the offering 
 itself called orl geredi, pi. ilgered & is worn till 
 it rains. 
 
 geri, adj. partly, coloured, enanga geri cloth of various 
 colors. 
 
 geiok, en. vid. erok.
 
 — 32 — 
 
 gewan, s. self, nanu gewan I myself; io gewan we 
 
 ourselves, 
 gewarie, s. night, enagewarie this nigh I. 
 giboroi, en. vid. iboroi. 
 
 gidau, orl. dried Casada Si Banana, pi. ilgidaun. 
 gldeyo, en. vid. ideyo. 
 giden, orl. ox pi. ilmongi. 
 gideri, en. cow. ingigu. 
 gidi, adj. little, small, 
 gidigidi, en. armpit, pi. ingidigld. (From igidigid to 
 
 ticl^le.) 
 gido, adj. great, large in size. 
 
 gidongai, en. tail. pi. ingidongo. (Derived probably 
 from a verb idong which enlarged from dong or 
 dung Avilh the meaning, to be seperate, loose. If so 
 the word would be idongai & not gidongai as the 
 g would be part of the aiticle. 
 giegu, orl. pi. ilgiegu circumcised youth, 
 gigu, orl. thorn (?) j)l. ilgiguan. 
 gijape, en. vid. ijape. 
 
 gij, (gitl) a* vn. to sjilit, to rend (comp. gej) Imp. di- 
 gija; endigij madigij ; prf. adigija. Neutral is the 
 3** person sing. & plural edigije exg. enanga-ai 
 edigije my cloth is rent edigija enanga-ai he rent, 
 my cloth, 
 giji, a. vpass. prf. adigijaUi. 
 giji. en. that which splits or divides the body into two 
 
 halves i. e. spine, backbone, pi. ingijin. 
 gijo, oi'l. tear. pi. ilgijon. orl gijo orl dada sap of 
 
 a tree, 
 gik, en. excrement, 
 gikua, oil. sugar-cane. pi. ilgikuan. 
 gila, orl adress made of skins, pi, ilgilan, 
 gilan, en. vid, ilaii.
 
 - 33 - 
 
 ^ilil, oil lia\\k. pi, iljrilili. 
 
 gima, en. vid. ima. 
 
 gimek, en. vid. iniek. 
 
 giniojino, orl. finger pi. ilgiinojik. 
 
 gimojino, en. toe. j)!. ingiiuojik. 
 
 gingobi, en. vid. ingobi. 
 
 gin, a. to peel, discover, disclose. Imp. diginia; endigiu. 
 
 prf. adiginia. 
 gini, a. vpass. prf. adiginialu. 
 
 gina, orl. pi. ilgi female breast the full extended, 
 gina, en. pi. ingi female breast the small relaxed, 
 gine, orl. pi. ilgineji. he goat, 
 gine, en. pi. indare, she goat, 
 gingnian, orl crocodile pi. ilgingniaii. 
 gingui, en. littleness, trifle, 
 gio. en. vid. io. 
 giok, en, vid. iok. 
 gir, a. vn. to be silent, prf. adigire. From which 
 
 ogirai gira, a. va. to silence. Imp. digira; madi- 
 
 gira exg, madigir engnie let us silence him. pif 
 
 adigira. 
 girari, a. vpass. to be silenced, prf. adigiraki. 
 giringo, en. (lit. the Silent one) animal meat, & llesh 
 
 pi, ingiri. 
 giringed, orl. (lit the silencing) pitfall, pi. ilgiringedi. 
 gira, en, vid. ira. 
 gisar moyok, en. vid. isarmoyok. 
 gisisi, en. vid. isisi. 
 gisoiai, orl. sweet potato, pi. ilgisoia, 
 gisomi, in. Cows passage, door for cows, composed of 
 
 ingiSu cows $C mi which from a-im to pass. 
 gisu, in. pi. Cows used collectively, 
 giyuo, en. vid. iyuo. 
 gnadun, oi'l. pi. ilgnadun lion.
 
 - 34 — 
 
 gnadun, en. pi, ingn.'ulun. lioness. 
 
 gnania s. (fulano. somebody) N. N. a person whose 
 
 name is not mentioned. In the same sense the 
 
 word is used in other East-African languages, 
 gnejep, orl. tongue, pi. ilgnejeba. 
 gnejuk, adj. new. 
 gnen, adj. clever, wise^, prudent, orl dungnani gnen 
 
 a wise man. 
 gnole, adv. yesterday. 
 
 gnorion, en. pi. ingnoriok. woman ; female, 
 go, orl. pi. ilgon chest, fig. Asthma exg. ad orlgo lit, 
 
 to have a chest, i. e. to suffer in the chest. 
 g(o) prep. for. gosiririm uaja — for how many beads 
 
 gingisu namuaja for how many cows, 
 gob, en. vid. ob. 
 gobiro, en. vid. obiro. 
 gode, adv. where, gode orlalem lai, where (is) my 
 
 tnife. 
 gogo, s. (without article) old person; grey with age 
 
 elegogo — this old man. enagoyo this old woman, 
 goidoi, en. vid. oidoi. 
 goigob, en. vid. oigob. 
 gol, a. to be healthy strong, yigorous. prf. adagolo 
 
 (o)gol adj. masc, (na)gol adj. fem. strong. 
 gorloil, a. to be overbearing, wild, fanatic, 
 gorlon, en. pi. ingorlongi, i) sun. 2) day. engorloil — 
 
 nabo, one sun,= one day, as in kinika ,,Zua menga," 
 
 one sun = day. enagorloii, this day; naborloft, 
 
 once, 
 gomos, en. vid. omos. 
 goii, en. eye. pi. ingoniek. 
 gor, a. vn. to groan, snoar, grumble, v. a. to make 
 
 groan i. e. to strangle. Imp. dagoro ; endagor; 
 
 madagor, prf. adagoro
 
 — 35 — 
 
 goii, a. vpass. to be strangled prf. adagoroki. 
 
 gore, e. s. grumbling, wrath, v. adagore to be — •*"g»y 
 
 — to be wrath, 
 goroi , orl. (lit. the siiurler, grumbler) ape, monkey. 
 
 pi. ilgoi'oin. 
 gord, a. to turn, to twist, 
 gordil, a. vn. to be ci'ooked, wrenched. Derivations 
 
 iVom. gor. igor & igorigor. 
 gos, orl. head of the windpipe, pi. ilgoso. 
 gosoke, en. vid. osoke. 
 guali, en. vid. uaii. 
 gubes, en. vid. ubes. 
 gudi, adj. small in number, few. 
 guduk, en. vid. uduk. 
 gudukaji. s. house-door. (lit. mouth of the house) F'roni 
 
 eng-uduk mouth & eng-aji house, 
 gugusieki, en. fowl. hen. pi. ingugusiek. known to the 
 
 Masai only by name, 
 gujida, orl high, strong grass, pi. ilgujid. 
 gujida, en. pi. ingujid, tender grass, as eaten by cows etc. 
 giildo. pron. dem. masc. pi. those, 
 giilet, orl. bladder, pi. ilguledi. 
 gulo, pron. dem. masc. pi. these, 
 giima, orl, chib. pi. ilguman. 
 gume, orl. nose, large high — pi. ilgiimen. 
 gume, en. nose, small, flat — pi. ingumen. (diminutive form.) 
 gumbau, orl. tobacco, pi. ilgumbaun used for smoking 
 
 & snuff, 
 gumo, adj. much & many; engima gumo much fire; il- 
 
 dungnana gumo, many people, 
 gumodo, en. vid. umodo. 
 gumomoni, orl blacksmith, pi, ilgumomono. 
 gvina, pron. dem. fern. pi. these, 
 giinda, pron. dem. fem. pi. those. 
 
 3 
 
 + 
 
 •v'SS*'
 
 — 36 — 
 
 gunei, en. vid. unei. 
 
 gur, a. to turn, twist, distort, fig. to twist a persons 
 
 character, to calumniate. Imp. dagura; endagur. 
 
 prf. adagura. 
 guri, a. vpass. to be twisted, distorted, prf. adaguraki. 
 guraki, a. to stretch, extend, span. Imp. duguraki, 
 
 enduguraki. prf. adugurakie. 
 gurakini, a. vpass. to be stretched out. prf. aduguragaki. 
 gurd, a. to stir in a circular way, to mix. Trap, dugiirdo; 
 
 endugiird. prf. adugurdo. 
 gurd, a. to stir up exg. fire. Imp. dugurda, prf. adu- 
 
 gurda. 
 gurdi, a. vpass. to be stirred, prf. adugurdoki & adu- 
 
 gurdaki. 
 giirdo, orl (lit. the turner, roller.) large maggot, pi. 
 
 ilgurd. 
 guret, adj. (lit. feeling twisted or narrow at heart) 
 
 timid; orldungnani giiret a coward, 
 guru, en. small maggot & all insects without external 
 
 feet. pi. ingur. 
 gurl, a. vn. to coagulate, to curdle, 
 gurle, s. (without article) milk, enagurle this milk, 
 giirlak, orl, snot, glanders., 
 giirlak, en. urin. 
 
 gurlukua, en. sand^ dust $C earth, 
 guru, a. to be confounded, confused, put to shame. 
 
 pi'f. adugiirua. 
 gurugur, a. to thunder, but only the indistinct far away 
 
 rolling thunder, 
 guruk, orl. Antelop. (the spring bock.) pi. ilguriiki. 
 gumma, a. to stooji, to bend oneself, prf. adugiiruma^ 
 giiruma, en. field, plantations, pi. inguruman. 
 gurum, orl. bottom, foot stand; posteriors, pi. ilgurumi. 
 giirum, adv. behind, gurum aji behind the house.
 
 - 37 - 
 
 guruni iai & ai lit. my behind i. e, l)eliiiul me. 
 gurare, en. vid. uiarc & ur. 
 gui'in, en. vid. urin. 
 gurnon, en. vid. urnon. 
 
 1. 
 
 i, a. to sharpen, to whet. Imp. io; eio; maio. prf. aio. 
 
 exg. maio ilalema, deisere enjore. let us sliarpen 
 
 the swords, to morrow (is) war. 
 ii, a. vpass. to be sharpened, prf. aioki. 
 io, eng. whet-stone pi. ing-ion. 
 iaki, a. to send (aliquem aliquid) Imp. iaUi; eaki; prf. 
 
 aiaka. 
 iakini, a. vpass. to be seat. prf. aiagaki. 
 iam, a. & aiamiSo, to marry. Imp. iama; eam; maam. 
 
 prf. aiama & aiamise. 
 iami, a. vpass. to be married, prf. aiamaki. 
 iau, a. to bring. Imp. iau. 2'' prs. plural irregularly 
 
 eai'itu bring-you. prf. aiaua. 
 iauni, a. vpass. to be brought, prf. aiauaki. 
 iba, answer to the greeting subai. used by males only, 
 ibaru, a. to inquire for. Imp. imbaru, embaru; mabaru. 
 
 prf. aibarua. 
 ibariini, a. vpass. to be inquired, prf. aibaruaki. 
 ibaya, a. to send (used of persons) Imp. imbai; embai. 
 
 prf. aibayo. 
 ibciri, a. vpass. prf. aibayoki. 
 ibeligen, a. to invert, to turn upside down. Imp. ini- 
 
 beligenia ; emboligen. prf. aibeligenia. 
 ibeligeni, a. vpass. prf. aibgligeniaki. 
 ibiri, a. to Hy prf. aibirio. (From bir) 
 ibad, a. to name, call by name. Imp. imbodo. prf. ai- 
 
 bodo. 
 ibodi, a. (pass.) prf. aibodoki.
 
 — 38 - 
 
 ibor, a to be on the surface, to appear. 2) to be while. 
 
 to glitter, prl". aiboro. 
 ibora. a. vn. to whiten; to clean, prf. aiboraye. 
 iboroi, eng. scar & any mark on the skin pi. ingiboron. 
 ibek, a. to inflate, to expand by blowing, prf. aibega. 
 ibegi, a. vpass. 2)rf. aibegaki. 
 
 ibud, a. to fill up. make full. Imp. imbiida. prf, aibiida. 
 ibiidi, a. vpass. prf. aibudaki. 
 ibugo, a. to pour out, to throw away. Imp. imbugoi ; 
 
 embugoi; prf. aibugoye. 
 ibugori, a. vpass. prf. aibugoyoki. 
 ibuu, a. V. n. to go out; to leave its place or position. 
 
 prf. aibiingo. 
 ibun, a. V. a. to make a thing or person leave its place, 
 
 to pull out, — away — to take away Imp. im- 
 
 bunga. prf. aibiinga. 
 ibiingi, a. vpass. prf. aibungaki. 
 idad, a. v. to throw down. prf. aidadoyu. 
 idal, a. to warm up, warm again, prf. aidala. 
 idali, a. A'pass. prf. aidalaki. 
 idaruo, a. to spoil, destroy, prf. aidaruoye. 
 idaruori, a. vpass. prf. aidaruoyoki. 
 idaso, a. to stand upiight, straight. Imp. idaso; endaso. 
 
 prf. eidase. 
 idayu, a. to give up, to deliver Imp. indayu. 2'' prs, 
 
 pi. endailu give ye up. prf. aidayi'xo. 
 idedided, a, to dream, prf. aidcdideda. 
 ideu, o. to dare, to venture, prf. aideuo. 
 ideyo, eng. pi, ingideyon. a species of antelopes, 
 idib, a. to finish, to bring to a close. Imp. indiba; 
 endiba. prf. aidiha. 
 eidibe (v. n.) it is finished, 
 idibidib, a. to rain, to drizzle, prf. aidibidiba. 
 (dim, a. to be able; — fit for. prf. aidima.
 
 - 39 - 
 
 idobir, a & aidobiriso. lo do, to perform any thing. 
 
 prf. aidobiia & aidobirise. Derived from the past 
 
 tense, of a-bir. 
 idobiri, a. vpass. jirf, aidobii'alu. 
 idodol, a. to maUe see; — to show. prf. aidodolie comp. 
 
 a-dol. 
 idodoli, a. vpass. prf. aidodoiyoki. 
 idongai, eng. tail. pi. ingidongo. comp. a-dun. 
 idore, a (to keep clear, save) i. e. to rule, reign, prf, 
 
 aidoria from a dor & or comp. (a)idur. 
 idorio, a. to straighten, to make level, pif. aidoroye. 
 idorori, a. vpass. prf. .lidoroyoki. 
 
 idugu, a. to bathe Imp. induguo; endiiguo. prf. aiduguo. 
 iduguni, a. vpass. prf. alduguoki. comp. a-ogu. 
 idun, a. to pound, pulverize. Imp. indungo; endiingo, 
 
 prf. aidiingo. 
 idungi, a. vpass. prf. aidungohi. 
 idur, a. to make clear-or empty a place by leaving it, 
 
 i. e. to emigrate, prf. aidure. 
 idur, a. va. to drive out of the country, to banish. Imp. 
 
 indura, endura, madiira. prf. aidiira. From ur. 
 iduri, a. vpass. to be banished, prf. aiduraki. 
 idura, a. to throAV away from-or out of — Imp. indu- 
 
 rai — endurai, prf. aiduraye. 
 idurai, a vpass. prf. aidurayoki. 
 idiire, a. to frighten away — or out of — Imp. indii- 
 
 ria; enduria. prf. aidiiria. 
 idurei, a. vpass. to be frightened, prf. aiduraiaki. 
 idiiruk, a. to go in advance of; to precede; to go at 
 
 a very quick pace. prf. aidurugo. 
 idiisur, a. to mix, to mingle. Imp. indusarla; induSurla. 
 
 prf. aidusurla. 
 idusiiri, a. vpass. prf. aiduSurlaki. 
 ie, pron. perso 2'' prs. sing, thou & ihec.
 
 — 40 - 
 
 icr, a. & aierieSo. to cook, boil. Imp. deieia; endeiera. 
 
 prl. adeiera & aierise. (has a regular & irregular 
 
 foimatiou) 
 it-ri, a. vpass. prl. adeieriiki. 
 ige, eng. tooth brush, pi. ingigen. 
 igen, a. to bind together. Imp. ingeno; eiigeno. prl. 
 
 aigeno. 
 igeni, a. vpass. prf. aigenoki. Comp. a-gen. 
 igenu, a. v. to dawn. prf. aigenua. 
 igen, a. lo count to number, imp. ingena; cngena. 2)rf. 
 
 aigena. 
 igeni, a. vpass. lo be counted prf. aigenaki. 
 igidigid, a to tickle prf. aigidigido. from, engidigid, 
 
 igidigidi, a. vpass. prf. aigidigidoki. 
 igo! answer to the greeting ,,dakuenia" used only by 
 
 women, 
 ingneri, a. to breathe prf. aignenga. 
 igor, a. to make a hollow noise, to knock. Imp. ingoro; 
 
 engoro. prf. aigoro. comp. gor. 
 igorigor, a. vn. to rub. to scratch. Imp. igorigor; ego- 
 rigor, prf. aigorigors. 
 igorigori, a. ypass. prf. aigorigoroki, vid. gur. 
 iguran, a. to sing a person's shame, or folly, as done 
 
 to those who run away before a fight, or get woun- 
 ded in the back. prf. aigurana. 
 igurani, a. vpass. prf. aiguranaki. (fiom gur.) 
 igurduda, a to turn over, to roll. Imp. ingurdudai. prf. 
 
 aigurdudaye (vid. gurd.) 
 igurdudari, a. vpass. prf. aigurdudayoki. 
 ij, a. to warm oneself. Imp. doijo. endooij. madoij. 
 
 prf. adoijo. 
 ijape, eng. wind; breeze & cold. pi. ingijapen. 
 ijo, a. to absorb, to swallow. Imp. doijoi; endoijo; prf. 
 
 adoijoi. 
 ijok, a. to hiccough, prf. aijogo.
 
 — 41 — 
 
 ik, a. V. a. & n. to hang. hnp. diga; endiga. pif. atliga 
 
 edige. it hangs, 
 ikuen, eng. assembly, lil. ihu noisome, (from a kueii 
 
 to laugh.) 
 ilan, eng. perspiration, 
 lie, six. card & ord. number, 
 ilebaki, a. to ascend; go up hill & to climb. Imp. il- 
 
 ebaki; elobaki. pri". ailtjbaka. 
 ilobakini, a. vpass. pri'. ailebagaki. 
 iluk, a. to box; to beat with the list. Imp. iliign; eliigu. 
 
 prf. ailugu. 
 ilugi, a. vpass. prf. ailuguoki. 
 im, a. to pass. v. a. & n. to enter, pass, in & out, — 
 
 to hand over, pass a thing from one tp another. 
 
 Imp. ima; ema; prf. aima; imim, a. (to let pass or 
 
 slip) to loose, pif. aimina. 
 imini, a. vpass to be lost. prf. aiminaki. 
 ima, eng. fire, (used also for powder.) 
 imariii, a to raise one's eyes; to look up. 2) to fix one's 
 
 eyes upon an object for inspection. Imp. imariria; 
 
 emariria. prf. aimariria. 
 imek, eng. pus. matter. 
 
 imu, a. to satisfy, prf aimuo. (related to im) 
 indai, pron. pers. 2** prs. pluial you. abridged in the 
 
 flexion of the verb to i & en. 
 ingnian, a. & aingniangiso to trade, to barter, prf. 
 
 aingnianga & aingniangise. 
 ingniangu, a. to buy. Imp. ingniangu. prf. aingniangua. 
 ingniani, eng, sinew, pi. ingingnian. 
 ingnen, a. to rest oneself, prf. aingnengna. 
 ingningnire, eng. heat, 
 ingode, a. to stare at; to gaze vagantly. 
 ingnor, a. to look on; to keep in view. Imp. ingnoia; 
 
 prf. aingnora. 
 ingnori, a. vpass. prf. aingnoraki. From ngnor.
 
 — 42 — 
 
 ingn6ru, a. to look out for. to seek. Imp. ingnoru. prf. 
 
 aingnorua. 
 ingnoruni, a. vpass. prf. aingnorukai. 
 ingobi, eng. opening of the gut. pi. ingingob. 
 ino. pron. poss. fern, thy pi. inono exg. engainino thy 
 
 hand ingaik inono thy hands, 
 inok, a. to light a fire. Imp. irregularly inoa & enoa. 
 
 prf. ainoa. 
 inyododo, a. to rise & to go away. Imp. inyo go away 
 
 enyododo go ye away, mainyododo let us go. prf. 
 
 ainyo, 
 io, eng. whetstone pi. ingion. (From i) 
 iok, eng. ear. pi. ingia. 
 iop, a. to cover, to clothe pi'f. aiopo. 
 ipi, sixty and all numbers above it. ipi accompanied by 
 
 a snap of the fingers means something like innu- 
 merable, 
 ira, eng. a wooden dish used as plate & tray. pi. in- 
 
 giran. 
 irabirab, a. to rub softly, to press & strike one's limbs. 
 
 prf. airabiraba. 
 ii-abirabi, a. vpass. prf. airabirabaki. 
 iras, a. to find out, to discover, prf. airasa. 
 ii'aSi, a. vpass. prf. airasoki. 
 ird, eng. gums. pi. ingirdi. 
 
 irebiso, a. v. n. to slick together, to freeze, prf. airebise. 
 irid, a. to tend, to pasture animals. Imjj. irida; erida 
 
 prf. airida. From the root, rid. 
 iridi, a. vpass. prf. airidaki, 
 iris, a. to shield, to cover against, trop. to defend; to 
 
 judge. Imp. irisa; erisa. prf. airisa. 
 irisi, a. vpass. prf. airisaki. 
 iro, a to say. Imp. iroro; eroro ; maroro. prf. airoro. 
 
 maroro lomon lang dengomom oileiboni. lit. let us
 
 43 — 
 
 say our story into the face of the king = before 
 the king. 
 
 irok, a. to cough, pif. aiiogo. 
 
 iron, a. to press & squeeze & to press out. prf. aiiouia. 
 
 ironi, a. vj»ass. prf. aironiaki. 
 
 irufl, a. V. a. & n. to startle, to frighten & be frigh- 
 tened, prf. airudo. 
 
 ii'udi, a. vpass. prf. airudoki. 
 
 iruk, a. & airugiso to reply, to give answer -\vhen cal- 
 led, prf. airugo & airugiSe. 
 
 isarmojok, eng. nickname of girls, from a-sur to strive 
 for & emojok = the striving about the emojok. 
 
 isgsi, a. to Avinnow. prf. aisesia. 
 
 isigido (s. plural foim.) the first milk after a cow has 
 thrown a calf. 
 
 isilil, a. to sing, pray & dance as a combined act, in 
 honor of engai God (or Rain) Those songs and dances 
 are kept in dry seasons Avhen there is a want of 
 grass for the animals & herds, and when it actually 
 rains. As soon as it commences to rain all hands 
 great & small turn out, beginning to sing, dance 
 & jump. Either the more immediate presence of 
 the engai is thought to be in the rain, or the 
 Rain is considered the engai, as it is considered 
 direspectful toward engai to stop in a hut or under 
 a tree whilst it rains. 'I'he past tense of the verb 
 is aisililia. If the verb is at all related with esilc 
 (debt), the idea might lie in the word as if they had 
 to pay those to engai. 
 
 isisi, eng. brains; the soft mass of the brain. 
 
 isui-, a. to seperate, to devide. prf. aisura (vid. siir) 
 
 isuri, a. vpass. prf. aisuraki. 
 
 isak, a. to receive (lit be shoAvered oi' rained upon) 
 prf. aiSa (from sa) 
 
 #
 
 — 44 — 
 
 isamisam, a. to tasie. prf. aisamisama. 
 
 isamisami, a. vpass. prf. aiSamisamaki. 
 
 iserdid, a, to slip, to glide, prf. aiserdida. 
 
 isir, a. to weep. prf. aisira. 
 
 iso, a. to generate & give birth, prf. adoiiio. 
 
 iuni, a. vpass. prf. adoiuoki. (edoiuoki orl masai he is 
 
 a born Masai) The root of this vi^ord is iu) 
 iso, a. to give. Imp. insoki; enso; prf. adoise. 
 iSori, a. vpass. to be given, (without past tense) 
 isob, a. so wear cloth, & to be clothed, prf. aisoba. 
 isu, a. to be alive — ■ be well, prf. adaisu. 
 iSyu, a. v. a. & n. to heal, make well & get well. prf. 
 
 aisyuo. 
 isudo, a. to hide, conceal. Imp. isudoi; ensudoi. prf. 
 
 aisudoye. 
 iu but as root in iso & iuni as also in oiu & aiu. 
 iuk, a. to revive, (blow the fire) Imp. iiigo; eiigo. prf. 
 
 aiugo. 
 iugi, a. vpass. to be revived, prf. aiugoki. 
 iiio, a. past tense of the verb lodu which vide, 
 iyuo, eng. broth, gravy. 
 iwou, a. to intercept, collect, catch up as exg. water 
 
 running down the stem of a tree. Imp. iwoii. prf. 
 
 aiwouo. 
 iwouni, a. vpass. prf. aiwouoki. 
 
 jab, a. to wrap iu; to hide from view. Imp. dajaba; 
 
 endajab. prf. adajaba. 
 jabi. a. vpass. to be wrapped in. prf. adajabaki. y 
 
 jabo, en. (lit. the Avrapped up or hidden) penis, pi. ^ 
 
 injabok. 
 jasui', en. scabbard, sheath, pi. injasuri.
 
 - 45 - 
 
 jeda, a. to (lr;nv asunder, to extend. Imp. dcjeda; en- 
 
 dejeda. prf. adejeda. 
 jedari. a. vpass. prf. adcjcdalu. 
 
 jejo, mamma, a title for all older female relatives, 
 jeng, a. to flay; to skin. Imp. dejenga; endejeng. prf. 
 
 adejenga. 
 jengi, a. vpass. prf. adcjengaki. 
 ji, a. vpass. to be called, naji ngai? lit I am called who 
 
 or what? eji ngai what is he called? 
 jing, a. to enter; to go in. Imp. dijinga; endijing. prf. 
 
 adijinga. 
 jingi, a. vpass. adijingaki. 
 jo, a. to say or speak to. Imp. dejo; endejo; madejo. 
 
 prf. adejo. 
 oki, a. vpass. prf. adejoki. 
 
 6, en. state of being absorbed; sleep, (comp, ijo) 
 on, a. to be green, fiesh. engujida najon fresh or gren 
 
 grass, 
 ore, en. war & battle, denjore in war. 
 orlo, a. to know. Imp. dajorlo; endajolo. prf. adajorlo. 
 ou, a. to wish, will, desire, want. prf. adajouo. deni- 
 
 joii enjore uou dada if thou desirest war, come 
 
 now. 
 jouni, a. vpass, prf. adajouoki. 
 jud, a. to wipe — to clean by rubbing. Imp. diijudo; 
 
 endujud. prf. adujudo. 
 jiidi, a. vpass. prf. adujudoki. 
 
 K. 
 
 kiken, en. vid. eng-ikuen assembly, 
 kitikidam, twenty, engorlon enkitikidam the 20''' day. 
 kue, en. point, top. pi. inkuen. 
 
 kuen, a to laugh, (v. a. & n.) to make laugh. Imp. da- 
 kuenia, endaku-^n. prf. adakuenia.
 
 - 4t) — 
 
 Uueni, a. vpass. pif. adakueniaki. 
 
 kueni, en. (lit the laughing, tittering, noisome) bird, 
 pi. inkuen. 
 
 1, article of the mascl. gender, abridged from orl. (exg, 
 lomon the news.) & sign of the genetive case, when 
 the nomen regens is of the masc. gender, exg. 
 baba lengerai father of the child. 
 
 lai, pron. poss. masc. my. pi. lainai. 
 
 lang. pron. poss. masc. our. orlalem lang our knife & 
 ilalema lang our knives. 
 
 Igp, a (to make a downward movement) to draw down, 
 to milk. Imp. dalebo ; endalep. prf. adalebo. 
 
 lebi, a. vpass. prf. adaleboki. comp. ilebaki. 
 
 lej, a. to deceive, impose upon. Imp. dcleja; endelej; 
 madelej. prf. adeleja, 
 
 leji, a. vpass. prf. adelejaki. 
 
 leku, a. to leave alone, to spare for. Imp. delekii- en- 
 deleku. prf. adelekua. 
 
 lekuni, a. vpass. prf. adelekuaki. 
 
 lengnie, pron. poss. masc. his. pi. lengniena. 
 
 lengni, pron. poss masc. their. 
 
 lid, a. to tie a knot, to unite by binding. Imp. dilida; 
 endilid. prf. adilida. 
 
 lidi, a. vpass. prf. adilidaki. 
 
 lide, e lit. the united. Settlement of a small num- 
 ber of people who are bound by one interest, 
 pi. iliden. 
 
 lilid, a to tie or make frienship; to pay visits, prf. 
 adililida. 
 
 liki, a. to tell; to speak to. prf. adolikjo. 
 
 likini, a. vpass. to be spoken to, be told. prf. adolik 
 joki.
 
 — 47 — 
 
 liui^ni. pron. poss. inasc. your (cuer & cure) 
 
 lino. pron. poss. masc. thy. pi. linono. 
 
 lobiso, a (to give up) to vomit, prf. alobise. (The root 
 lop.) 
 
 lodu, a to come. Imp. iiou; uodu, prt. aiuo. 
 
 loduni, a. vpass. used in the formation of the Future 
 tense exg. eloduni ari. lit he Avill be come, to be 
 beaten; Sr unrb gcfommcn, gcfcf)Iagcu 511 trci-ticn = 
 i. e. he "vvill be beaten, in the Future. 
 
 luaja, a. to escape, run away. Imp. deluaj; endeluaj. 
 madeluaj — let us escape, prf. adeluaje, 
 
 luajari, a. vpass. prf. adeluajoUi. 
 
 luaja, or. a run away. pi. iluajan. 
 
 lugiinia, e head, pi, ilugunian. 
 
 lulimga, a. to be well, in contradist. to illness. 
 
 Uilunga, orl. s. the healthy. 
 
 mad, a. to drink. Imp. damada; endamad. prf. adamada. 
 
 madi, a. vpass. prf. adamadaki. 
 
 madasia, orl. pi. ilmadasian. a fragrant shrub used as 
 perfume. 
 
 inagad; a red & brown earth, a deposit of the salt 
 swamps about doenyo engai. On the East Coast of 
 Africa it is mixed with snufF. 
 
 magau, orl. hippopotamus, pi. ilmagaun. 
 
 malmali. s. (without article) wanton violence, overb 
 earingness. 
 
 man, a. to be cruel, merciless, prf. adamana. 
 
 mangadi, orl. pi. ilmangad. a name given to the im- 
 barawuio (Wakunfi) brother-tribe of the Masai. 
 They bear the most deadly hatred towards each 
 other. In its general application it signifies any per- 
 son of M-hom one has reason to be afraid of —
 
 — 48 
 
 enemy — be it from superioi-iiy of stienj:;i,li or 
 
 from supposed wilclicraft. 
 manga, orl. Cassada. pU ilmiingan. (On llic coast calle«] 
 
 manga) 
 maniara, orl, country, pi. ilmaniaran. exg. orlmanlaia 
 
 — lorlasomba — country of the Mjomba i. e. Su£- 
 heli. 
 
 rnao, il (pi. form) twins. 
 
 mai% a. to look upon — inspect for the sake of finding 
 
 fault, or show dissatisfaction, prf. adamara. Comp, 
 
 imariria. 
 marigo, orl. Banana, pi. ilmarigon. 
 marua, orl. an intoxicating liquor made of honey, 
 masambura, orl. tamarind tree. pi. ilmasamburan. Conip. 
 
 osanibura. 
 Masai, orl. pi. il Masai the name by which the Masai 
 
 call themselves in contradistinction from the Wakuafi 
 
 the common name used by both is oigob, which vid. 
 maseri, orl. a very large bug with divers colors on 
 
 its back, the great plague in East-Africa of all 
 
 four footed animals, 
 mauiio e. 
 'me, negation, not & no. exg. 'me niesam no he likes 
 
 not. 
 medene not there, mengnie, not him & not he. 
 mej, a. to lick, to lajj. Imp. damejo ; endamij. prf. ada- 
 
 mejo. 
 meji, a. vpass. prf. adamejoki. 
 melok, a. v. a. & n. to sweeten, & to be sweet, 
 men, a. to despise. Imp. demena; endaraen. prf, ade- 
 
 mena. 
 meni, a. vpass. prf. edemenaki. exg. kimen imbarawuio 
 
 — amedar gewarie gan orluwaru gnojine. We des- 
 pise (said the Masai) the Wakuali because they
 
 - 49 — 
 
 fight in the night like the hahbling tiger (i. e. llii* 
 hyaena) 
 
 menengani, orl. pi. ilnionenga. the dead ol llie masc. 
 gender menengani, e. jil. inienenga the dead of 
 the fern, gender lit the flighty or the fleeting the 
 light ones, from neneng. 
 
 meneja, not so. 
 
 mena, a. to be pregnant, prf. adamena. 
 
 menani, a. vpass. to be brought into the family way. 
 
 menie or mengnie. name of honour of the pater fami- 
 lias. mengnie on the coast signifies owner. The 
 same word occurs in Kisuaheli (muigni) in Kima- 
 liiia muenene: in Kiniamesi muene, in other dia- 
 lects mengnie. 
 
 mer, a. to intoxicate oneself, prf. adamera. 
 
 mersie, orl, spoon, pi. ilmersien. i, , 
 
 mesera, orl. pi. ilmeseran. a large tree (sometimes ex- 
 ceedingly large tree) of fi-equent occurrence in all 
 East- Africa, especially so in the plains of the Masai 
 where it forms whole forests. The wood is exceedingly 
 soft & spongy consisting of tough fibres loosely 
 connected. The coast fishermen twist their fishing 
 lines of them; as the seawater has very little effect 
 upon them. The tree bears a large calabash-like 
 fruit, containing a whitish marrow, which when 
 dissolved in water makes an agreeable acidulous 
 drink. The shell of the fruit is used as milk & 
 water jug. Traders, in the last extremity of star- 
 vation, often resort to that fruit. On the Coast the 
 tree is called Mbuyu. pi. mibuyu. & the fruit buyu. 
 pi. mabuyu. The neighbourhood of these immense 
 trees is according to native superstition the favou- 
 rite hunt of devils & spectres. 
 
 meud, orl. giraffe, pi. ilmgudi.
 
 — 50 - 
 
 mi, o. enliance, passage, gate. From the root m. & 
 
 im. 
 mid, a. v. a. & n. to finish, to empty especially of 
 
 finishing drink (aiu^flriiiken). Imp. dimida ; endimid. 
 
 prf. adimida. 
 
 adimide to be finished, vn. edimide it is finished. 
 
 comp. mad. & mod. 
 midi, a. vpass. prf, adimidaki. 
 midiki, a. (lit. to leave a person empty) to refuse or 
 
 deny a request, prf. adomidikjo. 
 midikini, a. vpass. prf. adomidikjoki. 
 mir, a. to sell. Imp. dimira; endimir. prf, adimira. 
 miri, a. vpass. prf. adimivaki. 
 misimis, a. v. n, to be dark, gewarie emisimis naleii 
 
 the night is very dark, 
 modj'^a. to hollow out. prf. adamoda. 
 moda, a. to be hollow, emply. fig, to be stupid, prf. 
 
 adomoda. 
 modi, orl. the bowl of a pipe, pi, ilmodio. 
 
 orl modi lorlgumbau. tobacco pipe, 
 modi, e, pan, pot. pi. imodio, fig. girl, esiangikai 
 
 edoiuo emodi my wife has given birth to a pan 
 
 i. e. a girl, 
 modian, e. quiver, pi, imodiani, 
 mogo, orl. wound, pi. ilmogon. 
 mojok, e. half digested food in the somach. 
 mon, a to beg. Imp. domonu; endomon. prf. adomonu. 
 monogini, a. vpass. prf. adomonogoki. 
 monir, a. to wrench, to writh. prf. adomonira. 
 moniri, a. vpass. prf. adomoniraki. 
 monit, e. entrails. 
 mor, a to abuse by calling names. Imp. damoro. prf. 
 
 ad am ore, 
 mori, a. vpass. prf. adanioroki.
 
 — 51 — 
 
 inoruo, OJ); husband & title uf honour of full ^rown 
 men. pi. ilmoruiik. 
 
 nioriinia, oil. lazoi-. pi. ilmoiuiiian. 
 
 muaja, ho>v many if in connection with tlxe masculine 
 gender, omuaja if with the fern, namuaja. 
 
 muade, orl. a forsaken settlement, or any place uliirli. 
 bears signs of former occupation. 
 
 mud, a. to go doAvn. to disappear, prf. adunuido. exg. 
 engorloil edunuido. the sun has set. 
 
 muda, a to be overtaken by the sun on the road, to 
 be late out at night, 2) to keep "watch, prf. adu- 
 miida. edumiida dengoidoi he was oveitaken bv the 
 night on the road. 
 
 inuidi, adv. long ago. 
 
 muei, a. to ail, to be poorly, prf. adamueia. 
 
 miigud, a. to make a fist. prf. adumugiida. 
 
 miima, s. oath. 
 
 mun, a to be wanton, — mischievous. Imp. dumuno; 
 endumun. prf. adumiino. 
 
 muni, a. vpass. prf. adumunoki. 
 
 mun, e. pi. imimi. (lit. the wanton) Rhinoceros. • 
 
 muniei, orl. beard, pi. ilmunien. 
 
 munian, e. salt. lui 
 
 miir, a. but as root ' 
 
 murani, orl. pi. ilnmran. collective name for all cir- 
 cumcised young men. The soldiers of the Masai. 
 From 14 to 24 years of age when they get married. 
 
 murat, a. to circumcise, prf. adumurada. It is custom 
 with the iloigob (Wakuafi & Masai) to circumcise 
 males and females, the former about their third 
 year, the latter when they are to be married. An 
 uncircumcised person is not allowed to come into 
 society, a boy cannot inherit the property of his 
 
 4*
 
 — 52 — 
 
 father, a female cannot prepare food, nor is her 
 child if she should have one, suffered to live. 
 
 muradi, a. vpass. prf adumuradaki. 
 
 musalala, orl. Banana tree. pi. ilmusalalan. 
 
 msana, adj. old in contradist. to new. 
 
 ]¥. 
 
 na, prep. with. 
 
 na, particle of the fern, gender for forming the Par- 
 ticiples of the pi'esent & past tenses. 
 
 nab, a. to carry. Imp. danaba; endanab. prf. adanaba. 
 
 nabi, a. vpass. prf. adanabaki. 
 
 nabusana, card. & ordinal number, seven, 
 
 nabari, day before yesterday. Composed of nabo, the 
 first & are, the second, lit. the first, second (be- 
 fore to day) 
 
 nabo, cardinal number, one. 2) ordinal number of the 
 fem. gender, exg. engorlon naboge but one day. 
 
 naborlon. adv. once. 
 
 nadangile, pi. nadangilen. pet name of females; but 
 used of a person's own wife; amounting to some 
 thing like my dear. In one of their favourite songs 
 they sing. 
 
 nadangilen ainai — ainio baisiri? 
 
 narlo denjore — gan babalainai. My dears — why do 
 ye weep? I go to war — like my fathers. 
 
 naderie. (participle) adj. fem. broken, spoiled. 
 
 nado, (participle) adj. fem. long in size. 
 
 nagai, adv. good, well. 
 
 nagorlon, (part.) adj. fem. headstrong, selfwilled. 
 
 naibor, (part.) adj. fem. white exg. enanga naibor 
 white cloth. 
 
 nairosi, (part.) adj. fem. heavy. 
 
 najon, (part.) adj. fem. green, fresh. 
 
 nalen, adv. very, very much. 
 
 '
 
 — 53 - 
 
 nalulunga, (part.) adj. fem. healthy, well. 
 
 namuaja, interrogation, how many. 
 
 nana, a, to be soft, fine to the touch, fig. to be faint, 
 
 feeble, 
 nanana, (part) adj. fem. soft, tender, sickly. 
 nanu, pron, pers. I. nanugewan. I myself. Abridged 
 
 when connected with verb to na. exg. na-sam 
 
 I lovo. 
 narob, (part.) adj. fem. black, 
 nasid, (part.) adj. fem. unchaste, 
 naura, a. v. a. & n. to tire <fe to be tired, prf. active; 
 
 adanaura. prf. neut. adanaiire. 
 naiirla, (part.) adj. fem. ravenous; gluttonous, 
 neidui'uja. fifty. 
 
 neja, adv. so. exg. nejada so it is. 
 neiso, e. honey, 
 nenen, a. to be light, airy; fleety. prf, anenenga root 
 
 of orl menengani. the dead, 
 nengnie, pron. pers. he & she. In connection with verb 
 
 abriged into e. 
 ngadu , a. to erect, to put into a standing position. 
 
 prf. adangaduo. 
 ngade, a. v. n. to be standing, prf. adangade. 
 ngas, a. to begin, to be the first in doing anything. 
 
 prf. adangasa. 
 nger, a. to seperate; to pull asunder. Imp. dengera. 
 
 endenger. prf. adengera. 
 ngeri, a. vpass. prf. adengeraki. 
 
 ngeru, a. to pull up, out, to root up. prf. adengerua. 
 ngeruni, a. vpass. prf. adengeruaki. 
 ngirio! he! used for calling attention, 
 ngnai, pron. interrogat. who? ngnai eledungnani? who is 
 
 that man? 
 ngningi, a. to strike, to caress-, prf. adingningnia.
 
 — 54 — 
 
 ngningiii, a. vpass. prf. aclingningniaki. 
 
 ngnoniaki, a. to whisper, prf. adongnomalti. 
 
 ngnomaluni, a. vpass. prf. adongnomagoki. 
 
 ngotii, a. V. to tallow, prf. adongoma. 
 
 ngonii, a. ypass. prf. adongomaki, 
 
 iigo)', a. to take aim. 2) to shoot the object aimed at. 
 
 Imp. dangoro endangor. prf. adangoro. 
 ngori, a. vpass. prf. adangoroki. 
 ngu, a. V. a. & n. to smell. Imp. dongu; endongu. prf. 
 
 adongua. 
 iiianga, eng. trade, (root of aingniangiso.) 
 niar], a. to cliew.'exg. tahacco. prf. adaniarla. 
 nielde, pron. dem. masc. that there, composed of ene 
 
 ^ elde. 
 niele, pron. dem. masc. this there, composed of ene 
 
 ^ ele. 
 niena, pron. dem. fem, this there, 
 nienda, pron. dem. fem. that there, 
 ninde, pron. pers. they, hi connection with the verb 
 
 abridge to e. 
 ning, a. to hear Sf to feel. Imp. doningo; endoning. 
 
 prf. adoiiingo. 
 ningni, a. vpass. prl. aduningoki. 
 nio, pron. interrogat. what? abridged from ainio. 
 nior, a. to like. Imp. daniora; endanior. pi-f. adaniora. 
 
 exg, nanior cnananga iialen. 1 like this clolh 
 
 much, 
 niori, a. vpass. to be liked, prf. adanioraki. 
 njamarl, a. to be engaged, to have to do. — 'L'his in 
 
 finitive is used in connection with the Auxiliary 
 
 verb ada to have — ^^g- Badanjamail , he has 
 
 to do. 
 njau, a. to huv. prf. adanjaua.
 
 on — 
 
 nojine, cng. the hobbling aragnojine lit. to he with 
 hobbling i. e. to liobble. 
 
 nodo, cng. mother, (she who gave birih) 
 
 norno, cng. buttei' Sf ghee. 
 
 nuk, a. to burry. prf. aduniiga. But very young chil- 
 dren are hurried with the Masai 8f generally in 
 the very hut, which the family for the time oc- 
 cupies. Grown persons are placed under trees §" 
 covered with a heap of stones, whicli are brought 
 by the friends of the deceased; the greater the 
 heap of stones the more honourable the personage 
 placed under it. 
 
 nugi, a, vpass. prf. adunugaki. 
 
 nunuk, a. to fold up, to double, prf. adununuga. 
 
 nunugi, a. vpass. prf. adununugaki. 
 
 nyia, a. to eat. Imp. dama; endama; madama (let us 
 eat) prf. adama. 
 
 nyiai, a. vpass. prf. adamaki. 
 
 nyigu, a. to approach, to go near, prf, adanyiguji. 
 
 nyu, a. to wait, for. prf. adanyua. 
 
 nyiini, a. vpass. to be waited for. prf, adanyuaki. 
 
 o. 
 
 o, article of the masc. gender, the. pi. i. 
 
 o, sign of the participles masc. iu the present Sf past 
 tenses. 
 
 o, con], and. exg. nanu oie I and thou, before the 
 vowel a the „o*' changes into w, exg. demon ware, 
 not — domon oare. ten Sf Iavo i. e. twelve, related 
 in this respect with the letter wau of the Hebrew. 
 
 6b, eng. world, pi. ingobi. 
 
 oba, adv. long ago, time out of mind. 
 
 oben, orl. (lit. the alone) owner, possessor, pi. iloben. 
 
 oben, adv. alone.
 
 — 56 — 
 
 obiio, oil. ieathcis of the osUicli (only the long ones) 
 pi. ilobiro. 
 
 obiio, eng. leather, (small ones) j''. ingobiro. 
 
 obiron, oil. plumage, feathers of any kind. pi. ilobir. 
 
 oderic, (part.) adj. niasc. broken. 
 
 odi, eng. the smallest Calabash in use among the Masai 
 of the size of half a pint, glass, pi. ingodio. 
 Calabashes are the vessels for keeping their fluids; 
 the names those vessels bear indicate the size. The 
 order they follow one after the other is: 1) engodi, 
 pi. ingodio; 2) orlordi, pi. ilordio; 3) orldiilet, pi. 
 ilduleda; 4) embugiiri, pi. imbugiirdo; 5) orlbuguri, 
 pi. ilbugiirdo; 6) emarla, pi. imarlan; 7) emborongo, 
 pi. imborongon. The latter is of such a size that 
 children crawl into them for the sake of licking. 
 (The chief milkvessel) 
 
 odoro, orl. bie, pi. ilodoro. 
 
 odorui, em. egg. only that of the ostrich, pi. imodoriii. 
 
 odua, orl. (lit. the bitter) Gall, vide dua. 
 
 ogirai, orl. (lit, the silencing, the ushering in of still- 
 ness) i. e. star. pi. ilogir. derived from gira; vid. gir. 
 
 ogol, (part.) adj. masc. strong, powerful. 
 
 ogorloii, (part.) adj. niasc. selfwilled, strongheaded. 
 
 ogu, a. to draw or fetch water. Imp. dogu; endogu. 
 prf. adogu. 
 
 oguni, a. vpass, prf. adoguoki. 
 
 oi! oh, yes. answer of males when called. 
 
 oibor, (part.) adj. masc. white, orldungnani oibor a 
 white man. 
 
 oib, orl. shadow; spectre, pi. iloib. 
 
 oiboso, orl. nail 8f claw. pi. iloibosok. 
 
 oidigo, orl. Zebra, pi. iloidigon. 
 
 oido, s. friend, brother, the common address of a 
 person.
 
 — 57 - 
 
 oido, orl. bone. pi. iloik. 
 
 oidoi, eng. way, road, path. pi. ingoidoi. 
 
 oigob, orl. pi. iloigob. the name by which the Masai 
 and VVakuafi call themselves as descendants of a 
 certain orloigob. The Masai call themselves in con- 
 tradistinction from iheWakuafi or] masai pi. ilniasai, 
 and their brethren the Wakuafi they call by con- 
 tempt, embarawui, pi. imbarawuio. The Wakuafi 
 call themselves but orloigob. The name Mkuafl Sf 
 Wakuali is known but on the coast, and is even 
 in form related to the Coast languages. Whether 
 this Mkuafl, pi. Wakuafi is a corruption of orloigob 
 or not I will not deternime. The word oiloigob 
 consists of the masculine article orl and oigob. 
 
 oigob, I presume to be a combined word of the ad- 
 jective ole ^ the noun engob; which have been con- 
 tracted into oigob. The „!'* of the adjective was 
 thrown out, Sf the terminating vowel e changed 
 into i, a change, frequently occuri'ing in this idiom. 
 The ,,en*' part of the fern, article has also been 
 left out, as it always is in nomine composito. 
 (The full uncontracted form would so be: orlole- 
 engob.) The meaning of this name of the supposed 
 progenitor of the Masai ^ Wakuafi would accor- 
 ding to this explanation, be — the masculine of 
 the world, engob = world ole, adj. = masculine 
 as regarding strength ^ gender. 
 
 oigob, eng. female Masai or Mkuafl. pi. ingoigob. 
 
 oilele, orl. lower part, of the foot, from the heel to mi 
 the toes in man and beast, pi. iloilelek. 
 
 oiriroa, orl. evil spirit, pi. iloiriroan. edorloiriroa , he 
 has an evil spirit = is mad. 
 
 oiu, orl. genitor, father, pi. iloiu (from iu lit. the ge- 
 nciating)
 
 - 58 - 
 
 ojonga, oil. fly. pi. ilojongan. 
 
 ojonga, eng. (diminutive) small fly, gnat musquito. 
 
 pi. ingojongan. 
 oirosi, (part.) adj. masc. heavy, 
 oisusu , orl. large red ant whose bite is exceedingly 
 
 painful, pi. iloisusun. 
 6j, a. to scratch, to rub. Imj). dojo; endoj. prf. adojo. 
 oji, a. vpass. prf. adojoUi. 
 ole, adj. plural lewa. masculine in strength 8f gender. 
 
 engerai ole, a male child, 
 omom, eng. face, pi. ingomomi. dengomoiu in the face, 
 
 as preposition — before, exg. dengomom orleiboni. 
 
 before the king, 
 omon, 1. news, stories, uou madam lomon. lit, come 
 
 let us eat stories, i. e. let us hear or relate news 
 
 or stories. jtliiyrci niion ';■ 
 
 omon, orl. (lit. the new on'e) str'angei-. pi. ilomon. 
 omon, eng. female stranger, pi. ingomon. 
 omos, eng. Avomb. 
 omuaja? pron. interrogat. ref. to nouns of the masc, 
 
 gender, how many? 
 on, a. to bite. Imp. donio, endon, prf. adonio. 
 oni, a. vpass. pi'f. adonioki. 
 onana, (part.) adj. masc. soft, fine, 
 oneneil, (part.) adj. masc. Hgbt fleety. 
 ongo, orl. shield, pi. ilongon. Made of the hide of the 
 
 Rhinoceros about 4 feet long Sf 1^2 feet in breadth; 
 
 Usually painted red 8f white, 
 onjorid, em. chain of brasswire. pi. imonjoridi. Those 
 
 are liked best which are spun or rolled, as for 
 
 springs. For a piece of 3 yards in length the 
 
 finest tusk of ivory can be obtained, 
 onyoa, em. liver.
 
 - 59 - 
 
 or, a. (to make a thing into by seperalion) 1) to ili- 
 
 yide; 2) to s>veep; to make clear. Imp. doro; eii- 
 
 dor. prf. adoro. 
 ori, a. vpass. to be divided — swept, cleared, prl. 
 
 adoroki. 
 oru, a. to divide unequally — to overreach; to deceive. 
 
 Imp. doru; endoru. pi f. adoruo. 
 onini, a. vpass. prf, adoruoki. 
 ordi, orl, pi. ilordio. Calabash, vid, odi. 
 oret, en. palate, 
 orloi'l , enc. 1) Sun. 2) day. pi. ingorlongi. exg. in- 
 
 gorlongi domon — lit, 10 suns i. e. ten days, 
 orlupi, eng. barrenness, 
 origa, orl, chair, pi, ilorigon. mostly a simple, block of 
 
 wood about 6 inches high, 
 orok, (part,) adj. masc. black, 
 oru, a. vid, or. 
 osambura, orl. tamai'ind tree. pi. ilosamburan. comp. 
 
 masambura, 
 osake, adv. always, 
 osid, (part.) adj. masc. unchaste, 
 osoke, eng, abdomen; belly, pi. ingoisua. 
 osom, card, number, foi'ty. 
 osorlai, eng. lead 8f ornaments of lead; as arm rings 
 
 etc. which the ivory traders bring from the coast, 
 osowan, orl wild buffalo, pi. ilosowani. 
 oiirla, (part.) adj. masc. giullonous, 
 
 peda, a. to crush, to press to death. Imp. depedai ; 
 
 endepedai. prf. adepedaye. 
 pedari, a. vpass, prf. adepedayoki. 
 piu, a. V. a. & n. to revive, prf, adopiuo. 
 piiini, a. vpass. prf. adopiuoki.
 
 - 60 - 
 K. 
 
 ra, a. lo quarrel, to make a noise, comp. ara. This 
 verb conjugates as roots with two & three let- 
 ters; as: nara; ira, era. pi. kiar a, irara. era. prf. 
 adara. In signification identical with ara, 
 
 ra, a. to have. Not much in use. Mostly prefixed to 
 other words for the formation of ,,verba compo- 
 sita**. exg. ara gnen. to have understanding. 
 
 ran, a. to sing & dance. These two acts are identical 
 with tlie Masai. Imp. darania; endaran. prf. adarania. 
 
 v'bata, e. joint, any juncture of the limbs on the body, 
 pi. irbatan. 
 
 r'bono, a. the act of copulation — to lie with. prf. adurbono. 
 
 r'boni, a. vpass. prf. adurbonoki. 
 
 reb, a. vn. to coagulate, prf. adereba (comp. ircbiso 
 to freeze) 
 
 red, a. vn. to be of use. prf. adareda. 
 
 rgd, a. va. to make oneself useful, to help, to assist, 
 prf. adaiedo. 
 
 redi. a. vpass. to be helped, — delivered especially 
 regarding child birth, prf. adaredoki. 
 
 redoki, a. to assist, prf. adaredoko. 
 
 redokini, a. vpass. prf. adaredogoki. 
 
 regurd, adj, clever. 
 
 rek, a. to break with force, to cleave. Imp. dargga; 
 endarek. prf. adarega. 
 
 regi, a. vpass. prf. adaregaki. 
 
 rem, a. (to spear.) to wound or kill with the spear. 
 Imp. dprgneo; enderem; maderem. prf. aderemo. 
 
 remi, a. vpass. prf, aderemoki. 
 
 rgine, o. forgetfulness. adorgine to be with forgetful- 
 ness. i. e. to be forgetful. 
 
 ria, a. v. a. & n. to fall & make fall, to throw down. 
 Imp. dgria, enderia, prf, activ.adftria. prf, neul. aderie*
 
 — 61 - 
 
 rib, a. to watch, to guard. Imp. doribo; endorib. prf. 
 
 adoribo. 
 ribi, a. vpass. prf. adoribuki. 
 
 rib, a. to sew. Imp. diril)a; endirib; prl". adirvba. 
 ribI, a. vpass. prf. adiribaki. 
 ribu, a. to undo what had been sewn, to cut up. Irnj*. 
 
 diribu endiribu. prf adiribua. 
 ribiini, a. vpass. prf, adiribuakl. 
 rid, a. to put together, to pack up. Imp. dirida; en- 
 
 dirid. prf. adirida. 
 ridi, a. vpass. prf. adiridaki. comp. a irid. 
 rik, a. to accompany one; to bring one to. prf. adorigo. 
 rigi, a. vpass. prf. adorigoki. 
 ringniinie, a. vn. to retui^n. prf. adoringnunie. 
 ris, a. to be equal in proportion, to fit into, prf, 
 
 adirisa. 
 risio, a. va. to equalize, prf. adorisio. 
 risiori, a. vpass. prf. adorisioki. 
 rlagu, a. to unbind — to loosen. Imp. darlagua; — 
 
 endarlagu. prf. adarlagua. 
 rlaguni, a. vpass. prf. adailaguaki. 
 rlan, a. to pass, over, to cross, to ferry. Imp. dar- 
 
 langa; endarlang. prf. adarlanga. 
 rlangi, a. vpass. prf. adarlangaki. 
 
 robi, s. vn. to get cold — to cool. prf. arobiu. exg. 
 dusuraa dene baerobiu, put it there for to cool. . 
 rlo, a. to go. Imp, enno go thou, prf, asomo. 
 rlud, a, to bend oneself — to wind through a narrow 
 
 opening, prf. adurliido. 
 rlud, a. polite expression for making water, prf. adur- 
 
 luda. 
 robil, a. to smell nicely, 
 roguet, e. cord, string, pi. irogugdi. 
 rongai, adj. thin, fine.
 
 - 62 — 
 
 rorei, o. speccli. 
 
 roi'O, a. to tread, to step upon. Imp. doioro. prf. ado- 
 
 roro. 
 roroi, a. vpass. prf. adororooUi. 
 rosi, a. to be heavy, 
 rod, a. to purge, prf. adoruda. 
 rodi, a. vpass. prf. adorodaki. 
 roua, a. to be hot. figuratively to be passionate, angry. 
 
 prf, adaroua. 
 ruiid, e. pi. iruadi. sleeping place, 
 rub, a. to join, to unite, prf. aduriiba. comp. r'bono. 
 rubi, a. vpass. prf. adurubalii. 
 ruk, e. hump. pi. irugi. 
 rurno, a. to push, to kick. Imp. diirumo; endurunio, 
 
 prf. adurumoe. 
 rumokini, a. vpass. to be pushed or kicked, prf. aduro- 
 
 moyoki. 
 riingurun, a. to snore, prf. adurunguriinga. 
 r'wes, a. to stumble, prf. adarVesa. 
 
 sabuk, adj. big, large. 
 
 saj, a. to halve, to cut into halves. Imp. dasaja: en- 
 
 dasaj. prf. adasaja, 
 
 saji, a. vpass. prf, adasajaki. 
 
 sal, nine. 
 
 saVmak, e. mud. slime. 
 
 samburlal, o. Julus. (insect) pi. isamburlal, 
 
 sambur, o. bag. pi. isambur. 
 
 sanda, o. masc. \ , i . . i 
 
 , , p ( lover, pi. isandan. 
 
 sanda, e. fern. ■' 
 
 sangiirigur, o. neck, hind part of the — pi. isanguri- 
 
 gur. 

 
 - 63 
 
 sar, a. to snatch away; to scramble for. Imp. dasara ; 
 endasar. prf. adasara. 
 
 sari, a. rpass. prf. adasai'aki. 
 
 sarara, adv. quickly. 
 
 sarara, o. brush- wood ; small Avood. 
 
 sarge, o. blood. 
 
 sasu, a. to fall away, to grow lean. j>rf. adasasua. 
 
 segegua. e, horn. pi. isegeguan. 
 
 sengengei, e. iron & iron wire. pi. isengen. 
 
 segerua, e. pi. isegeruan hole in the lower part of 
 the ear, in which tlie females wear a round, black 
 piece of wood. 
 
 sengira, e, market. 
 
 seied, e. poison, pi. iseiedi. 
 
 sere, s. (without article) peace, sere sere used as pain- 
 ting salatalion. 
 
 seret, e. snow, (the Avhite substance on the bight of 
 Kiliniandjaro , and Doenyo engai. which when 
 brought to the lire turns into water.) 
 
 sesen, o. body. pi. isescn. 
 
 si, adv. again, exg. darasi. beat again. 
 
 siangiki, e. pi. isiangiken. wife, (as bound by the mar- 
 riage lie) 
 
 sib, o. shoulder, pi. isibi. (if derived from the following 
 verb the meaning is: the hrm or true one.) 
 
 sib, a. to be true. Imp. disiba; endisib. prf. adisiba, 
 
 sid, a to be unchaste — to be of easy habits. 
 
 sidai, adj. good, fair & nice. 
 
 sidai, e. (lit. the fair one.) the Ostrich, pi. isidan. 
 
 sigido, e. the first milk after a cow has thrown a ealf 
 the other afterwards is called gurle. 
 
 sigiria, a. cowrie, that small shell is very much liked 
 as ornament, a handful of them pujchases a tusk 
 of ivory, pi. isigiiian.
 
 — 64 — 
 
 sigirlo, a. ass. donkey, pi. isigirion. 
 
 sigorio, e. bean. pi. isigorion. 
 
 sile, e. debt. 
 
 sina, o. troubles; pains. 
 
 singa, e. pi. isingan. the conquered; the captive if 
 
 male or female. Proper name of the Wandarobo, 
 
 tributary tribe to the Masai. 
 singeri, o fish. pi. isingerin. Not eaten by the Masai, 
 singolio, c. Song-dance, 
 sioyo, a. to go quickly, to run. Imp. dasioij; endasioij. 
 
 prf, adasioyo. 
 sirigan, o. sundried meat. The usual mode of preser- 
 ving meat, is to cut it in small stripes & to dry 
 
 in the sun. 
 siririm, o. beads, pi. isiririmi. The smallest glass — 
 
 beads are liked best, 
 sodoa, adv. gratis, 
 sogor, o. market, this word seems to be a corruption 
 
 of the word soko. used on the coast, 
 soid, o. stone, rock. pi. isoido. 
 soid, e. (dim.) small stone, pebble, 
 sororua, o. navel, pi. isororuan. 
 siibad, adv. good, well, 
 siibai. (greeting) good morning, good day etc. used 
 
 only by males. The answer to which is: iba. 
 siinia, fat. 
 sur, a. vn. to go asunder, to dissolve, prf. adasiira. 
 
 comp. isur, 
 suyai, o. brass -wive (only when about the thickness of 
 
 a finger) pi. isuyan. 
 sa, a. to rain. prf. adasa. Comp. isak. 
 sam, a. to love. Imp. dasama; endasam. prf. adasama. 
 sami, a. vpass. prf. adasamaki. 
 ser, a. to eructe. (v. n.) prf, adesgra.
 
 — 65 — 
 
 sili, a. to lot a ■Nviinl, prf. ada.siga. 
 
 silu, a. to choose; to sellect. Imp. disilu; emli.silu, 
 
 prf. adisilua; .silimi, a. vpass. pvf. adisiluaki. 
 sum, a. to ]aj down. — to put down. Imp. dusuina; 
 
 endiisuni. prl. adusuma. 
 §umi, a. vpass. prf. aduSumaUi. 
 
 c. 
 
 uali, eng. vagina, pi, ingualin. 
 
 uana, a. lo be alike, to resemble, prf. adlwana, related 
 to fana & fanana, resemble, in Kisuaheli. 
 
 uab, a. to take up, to catch up. Imp. dauaba; endauab. 
 prf. adauaba. 
 
 uabi, a. vpass. prf. adauabaki. 
 
 ubes, eng. laj^. pi. ingubesir. 
 
 iid, a. to bore, lo dig a hole. Imp. diido; endudo. pvf. 
 adudo. 
 
 lidi, a. vpass. prf. adudoki. 
 
 uda, eng. (lit. the digging) the field-rat. pi. ingudan. 
 
 lidi, eng. (instrumental) slick which is used for plan- 
 ting sugarcane, & walking stick, pi. ingiiden. 
 
 iiduk, eng. (the digged up, the open) 1) mouth; en- 
 trance. 2) language, enguduk iloigob. the language 
 of the Masai. 
 
 udiki, a. to intent, to purpose; prf. adaudikjo. 
 
 udikini, a. vpass. prf. adaudikjoki. 
 
 ugi.n, eng. knee. pi. ingun. 
 
 uguo, a. to wash. Imp. duguo; enduguo. prf. aduguo. 
 
 liigui, eng. busibodiness. 
 
 uk, a. to glimmer, to slune. prf. adauga. 
 
 ukuo, eng. coals of fire, life coals, comp. iuk. 
 
 ulabed , eng. pi. ingulaledi, A round piece of wood 
 worn in the esegurua. which vide. 
 
 lirlak, eng. vide en-gui'lak.
 
 — 66 — 
 
 ulapa, eng. scorpion, pi. ingulapan. 
 
 uniodo, eng. pit; hole; pi. ingumodon, 
 
 unei, eng. bellows, pi. ingunen. 
 
 ungwan, card. & ordinal number, four. 
 
 uni, card. & ordinal number, three. 
 
 ur, a. (past tense adiiru) as root in different words & 
 formations all imitctlng a hollow sound of digging, 
 breaking, breathing etc. 
 
 lira, a. (enlarged) the root in. 
 
 urare, eng. (lit. the digged up) i. e. grave, pi. ingiira 
 & inguraren. 
 
 The chief derivations of the root are taken from 
 the past tense exg. vid. dur; duru; durodo; idur; 
 iduia; idiire; idiiruk. 
 
 urd, em. throat, chiefly the seat of the windpipe, pi. 
 imiirdo. 
 
 urese, a. to fear. prf. aureSe. 
 
 urin, eng. grease, fat of boiled meat. 
 
 urla, a. to be gluttonous — given to over-eating one- 
 self. 
 
 urnon, eng. ashes. 
 
 uwaru, orl. jaguar, pi. iluwarak, 
 
 uwaru, orluwaru gnojine, (lit. the lame jaguar) i. e. 
 hyena. 
 
 wadan, orl. calf of the leg. j)l. ihnadan. 
 wado, (part.) instead of oado. adj. masc. long, tall, 
 weiji; e place, pi, iweiji. 
 
 wen, a. to sit, to squat down. Imp. dauena; endauen. 
 prf. adauena. 
 
 yiid, a. to wipe. Imp. diiyuda ; endiiyud. prf, aduyuda. 
 yudi, a. rpass. prf. aduyudaki.
 
 — 67 — 
 
 ya, a. to remove, to take ofl. Imp. iawa ; cwcida; ma- 
 
 weida. prf. awa. 
 yai, a. vpass. prf. awaki.
 
 A song of tlie Iflasal ivitlt a literal translation. 
 
 Exhortation to Unity. 
 Eh inikisur eniboida 
 
 Amu kira ngabuak 
 
 Denabuaya Loreren 
 Esom, edam osina 
 
 Lorlembidu, Loildidu 
 Lorlesosean Lemarla 
 
 (Response) 
 Ilasomba Lorlginei 
 
 Laidabogi rangerang 
 Eh mimudie Ilasomba 
 
 Awen, ainio indabalaie? 
 
 Erosi emarla Orldoriet 
 
 Dungai, amu mikiret. 
 
 Oh dissolve we not the 
 
 Community 
 because we would have 
 
 lamentation 
 If we but reach to Loreren. 
 Lo has come, has eaten 
 
 (us) trouble 
 of needle, of threat 
 of the brush for the le marla 
 
 To the Suahelis at Lorl- 
 ginei 
 Altogether go go go — 
 Oh do not annihilate thy- 
 self with Suahelis 
 why doest thou leave off 
 
 to sit quiet 
 heavy is (hen) the milk 
 
 calabash friend 
 (but) put it down it is of 
 no use to you. (thee) 
 Loreren the country 
 East of the Rufu. (about 
 Usambara) Orlginei the 
 country at the sea. the 
 Land of the Suahelis 
 (Ilasomba)
 
 SECOND PART: 
 
 ENGLISH -KIM'ASAI
 
 abandon, v. a. a-bal. prf adabala. — pass, a-bali. prf. 
 
 adabalaki. 
 abdomen, s. eng-osoke. pi. ingoisua. 
 able, V. to be. a-idim. prf. aidima. 
 absorb, v. aijo. prf. aidoijoi. 
 abundant, v. to be — a-bor. prf. adabora. 
 abuse, v. a. (by calling names) a-mor. prf. adamoro. 
 
 pass, a-mori. 
 accompany, v. to — one to. a-rik. prf. adorigo. pass. 
 
 a-rigi. prf. adorigoki. 
 add, V. a. a-bon. prf. adobono. pass, a-boni. prf. ado- 
 
 bonoki. 
 again, adv. si. uou si — come again, 
 ago, adv. oba. edoba =. ago it had been so. long ago ::=: 
 
 time out of remembrance muidi. 
 ah, inter j. eh! oi! 
 ail, V. n. a-muei. prf. adamueia. 
 aim, V. a. to — at, a-ngoi'. prf. adangoro. pass, a-ngori. 
 
 prf. adangoroki. 
 alike, v. n. to be — a-uana. prf. adiwana. In kisuaheli 
 
 ku-fanana. 
 alive, V. n. to be — a-isii. prf. adaisu. 
 all, adj. bogi. all men ildungnana bogi. All of us io 
 
 bogi. 
 all together laidabogi. 
 alone, adj. oben. I alone nanu oben.
 
 — 72 — 
 
 always, adv. osake. 
 
 amulet, v. en-dasim. pi. intlasinii. 
 
 and, conj. o & w. nanu oie I. & tliou, domon ware len 
 
 and two = t^^elve. 
 anger, s. e-gore. 
 
 angry, v. to be — adegore lit. to be with anger, 
 angry, v. to be a-iba. prf. aibaye. 
 angry, adj. nuisc. oroi'ia. adj. fern, naroua. 
 animal, s. cn-giringo. pi, ingiri. 
 
 anoint, v. a. a-el. prf. a-elie. pass, a-eli. prf. a-elieki. 
 another, adj. gai. the other, masc. orlgai. the other 
 
 fern, engai. 
 another man, orlgai dungnani. the other man. orldung 
 
 nani orlgai. 
 ant, s. a red one whose bit is' exceedingly painful orl- 
 
 oisusu. pi. iloisiisun. 
 ant, s. a small black ant, eng-alau. pi. ingalaun. 
 antelope, s. orl-guruk. pi. ilguruki. 
 
 antelope, s. a veiy small one eng-ideyo. pi. ingideyon. 
 ape, s. orl-goj'6i. pi. ilgoroin. 
 ape, fern, engoroi. pi. ingoroin. 
 appear, v. n. a-ibor. prf. aibora. 
 approach, v. a. a-nyigu. prf, a-dinyigua. 
 arise, v. n. a-inyododo. prf aiiiyoa. 
 arm, s. lower part of the arm, from the elbow to the 
 
 wrist endangulc. pi. indangulen. 
 arm, upper part of the — em-berangas. pi. im-beran- 
 
 gasi. 
 arm- pit. s. en-gidigidi. pi. ingidigid. 
 arrow, s. em-bai. pi. imba. 
 ascoul, V. a. a-ilebaki. prf. ailebaka. 
 ashamed, to be — ad-orl-aro. 
 ashamed, to be made. — a-guru. prf. aflugnrua. p.iss. 
 
 agnruni. 

 
 — 73 — 
 
 ashes, s. cng-ui-non. 
 
 ass, s, o-sigiiio. pi. isigiiion. 
 
 assembl)', s. eii-kikucn. 
 
 aslhma, s. eng-erok. 
 
 avaricious, to be — a-biak. prf. adibiaga, 
 
 avaiicions, adj. niasc. obiak. adj. fern, iiabiak. 
 
 axe, s. vid. hatchet. 
 
 back, s. orl-gi'iium. pi. ilguiumi. 
 
 bad, adj. dorono & clorok. 
 
 bag, s. en-diidua. pi. induduan. 
 
 bamboo, s. en-duka. pi. indiikan. 
 
 banana, s. oi'l marigo. pi. ilmarigou. 
 
 banana, tree, s. orl-nuisalala. pi. ilmusalalau. 
 
 banibh, v. a-idur. pif. aidura. 
 
 baib, s. (of an arroAv) cm-bidu. pi. imbidun. 
 
 bark, s. eng-abobok. pi. ingabobogi. 
 
 barrenness, s. eng-orli'ipi. 
 
 basket, s. en-dani. pi. in-dami. 
 
 bathe, v. a-idugu. prf. aidiiguo. 
 
 beads, s. o-siririm. pi. isiriiiini. 
 
 bean, s. o-sigoiio. pi. isigorion. 
 
 beai'd, s. orl-niuniei. pi. ilmunien. 
 
 beat, V. a. a-ar contracted ar. prf. adara. pass, a-ari. 
 
 prf. adaraki. 
 beat, the drum, a-dar. prf. adadara. 
 because, conj. ainu. 
 become, v. n. a-agu. eagu subad it comes well. 
 
 bed, s. e-riiadi. pi. iruad. consisting of a few untanned 
 hides. 
 
 bee, s. orl-odoro. [)1. ilodoro. 
 
 before, piep. dengomoni. (lit. in the face)
 
 — 74 — 
 
 beg, V. a. a-mon. prf. adanionu. pass, (iri'eg.) a mono> 
 
 gini. prf. adamonogoki. 
 beggar, s. gen. masc. orl- amomoni. pi. ilamonok. 
 beggar, s. gen. fern, eng -amomoni. pi. ing-amonok. 
 begin, v. a. a-ngas. prf. adangasa. 
 
 behind, adv. gi'iruni. gurumlai behind me. gurum lenie. 
 behind, him. gurum ennie behind her. 
 bell, s. embiririr. pi. imbiriri. 
 bellows, s. eng-unei. pi. ingunen. 
 below, adv. abori. 
 belly, s. eng-osoke. pi. ing-oisua. 
 benighted, to be = to be overtaken by the nigbt on 
 
 the road, a muda. prf. adumuda. edumuda dengoi- 
 
 doi he was benighted on the road, 
 bend, v. to bend oneself a-rliid. prf. adurliido. 
 big, adj. sabuk. 
 
 bind, V. a, a-en. prf. adcna. pass. aeni. prf. adenaki. 
 bind, fast, a-gen. prf. adagena. pass, ageni. prf. ada- 
 
 genaki. 
 bind, together, a-igen. prf. aigeno. pass, aigeni. prf. 
 
 aigenoki. 
 bind, up. = loosen, aigenu. prf. aigenua. 
 bird, s. en-kneni. pi. inkuen. (lit. the frolicksome from 
 
 a kuen to laugh ) 
 bird, (larger ones) en-darijeki. pi. in-daridjek. 
 bife, V. a. a-nn. prf. adonio. pass. aoni. prf. adonioki. 
 bitter, to be — a-dua. prf. adadua. 
 bitter, adj. masc. odua. adj. fem. nadoa. 
 black, to be — a-rok. prf. adoroga. 
 black, adj. masc. oroh. adj. fem. narok. 
 blacksmith, s. orl-gumomoni. pi. ilgumomono. 
 bladder, s. orl-gulet. pi. ilguledi, 
 blood, s. o-sarge. 
 blow, V. a-iuk. prf, aiiigo. pass, aiiigi. prf, aiugoki.
 
 — ID — 
 
 boar, s. (wild) orl-bidir. pi. ilbidiro. 
 
 body, s. osesen. pi. isesen. 
 
 boll, V. a. a-ier & aieriso. prf. adeiera & aierise. 
 
 boil, V. n. a-dogidok; engar edogidok tlie water boils. 
 
 bone, s. orl-oido. p\. iloik. 
 
 bore, V. a. a-ud. prf. adudo. pass, a-iidi. prf. adudohi. 
 
 borer, s. eng-udi. pi. ing-uden. 
 
 bolli, adj. bogirare lit. all two from bogi all & are 
 two. 
 
 bottom, s. orl-gurum. pi. ilgiirumi. 
 
 bow, s. em-borowai. pi. imborowau. 
 
 box, V. a. a-iluk. prf. ailiigu. pass, ailiigi. prf, ailugoki, 
 
 boy, s. orl-barnodi. pi. ilbarnod. lit. the calabash- 
 scraper, on these young members of the imboidan 
 lie all the menial services for the ilmuran, for 
 whom they must fetch water, fuel etc. An orlbar- 
 nodi has already joined the warriors. 
 
 boy, s. orl aion. pi. ilaiok the boy as long as he is in 
 company of the women. 
 
 brains, s. eng-isisi. 
 
 brass & brass-wire o-suyai. pi. isuyan. 
 
 break, v. n. a~er. prf. aderie. 
 
 break, v. a. a-rek. prf. adarega. pass, a-regi. prf. ada- 
 regaki. 
 
 break, v. a. to-open, a-borl. prf. adoborlo. pass, aborli. 
 
 ^ prf. adoborloki. 
 
 break, v. a. to-ofF. a-bugus. pif. adubugusa. pass, abu- 
 gusi. prf. adubugusaki. 
 
 break, v. a. to-out, exg. kernels of Indian corn, a-dede. 
 prf. adededia. 
 
 breast, s. = chest, orl-go. pi. ilgon. 
 
 breast, bone = sternum orUeigiirlu. pi. ileigiirlun. 
 
 breast, female — the large fully extended, orl-gina. 
 pi. ilgi.
 
 — 76 — 
 
 hreast, female breast dim. the small relaxed en-gina. 
 
 pi. in-gi. 
 breeze, s. eng-ijape, pi. ingijapen. 
 bride, s. eng-eibardani. pi. ingeibardan. 
 bride, groom, orl-eibardani. pi. ileibardan. 
 bring, v. a. a-iau. prf. aiaiia. Imp. iau. pi. Irregularly 
 
 cautu. iau nanu ngima bring me fire. pass, a-iauni. 
 
 prf. aiauaki. 
 bring, one to, vid. accompany, 
 broad, adj. dabas. 
 
 broken, adj. masc. oderie. adj. fem. naderie. 
 broken, y. n. to be — a-derie. 
 broom, s. orl-arau. pi. ilaraun. 
 broth, s. eng-iyuo. 
 
 brother, by addressing a person = friend oido! 
 brother, by birth orl-alase. pi. ilalasen. 
 brother, in law bager. my brother in law bagerlai. 
 brush-wood, s. o-sarara. 
 
 buffalo, s. (the wild) orl-osowan. pi. ilosowani. 
 bug, s. orl-maSeri. pi. ilmaser. 
 build, V. a. a-idobir engaji, vide make. (lit. to make a 
 
 house) 
 burn, V. a-nyia ngima. lit. the fire eats. prf. adamen- 
 
 gima. 
 burry, v. a. a-nuk. prf. aduniiga. pass, anugi. prf. adu- 
 
 nugaki. only little children are hurried and usually 
 
 in the very hut which the family for the time 
 
 occupies. Old persons are placed under large trees 
 
 and covered with a heap of stones, 
 busibodiness, s. eng-uigui. 
 but, conj. gage, 
 but, adv. ge. 
 butter, s. eng-norno.
 
 buy, V. a. a-njau. prf. adanjaua. 
 
 buy, up. a-ingniangu. prf. aingniangua. 
 
 c. 
 
 Calabash, s. Caiahaslies, being the chief vessels for fluifls. 
 
 wilh the Masai clifTer in names as they tliiTcr in 
 
 size. The smallest are of the shape of a tumbler, 
 
 the largest big enough that a child can craA\l into 
 
 one. In size the calabashes folioAV in this manner. 
 
 1) eng-odi. pi. ingodio (the smallest.) 2) orl-oidi. 
 
 pi. ilordio, 3) orl-diilet. pi. ilduleda. 4) em-btigi'iri. 
 
 2^1. imbugurdo. 5) orl-buguri. pi. ilbugurdo. 6) em- 
 
 arla. pi. imarlan. 7) em-borongo. pi. imborongon. 
 
 (the biggest in size.) (It -will be obseived that the 
 
 fern, gender is diminutive.) 
 calf, s. orl-aSe. pi. ilaso. 
 calf-of the leg. orl-^vadan. pi. ihvadan. 
 call, V. a. a-ibod. prf. aibodo. pass, aibodi. prf. aibo- 
 
 doki. 
 call, names, v. a. a-mor. prf. adamoro. pass, amoii. 
 
 prf adamoroki. 
 called, to be-aji. ejengnai who is he called = what is 
 
 his name, 
 calumniate, v. a. a-gur. prf. adagura. 
 can, V. a-idim. prf. aidima. 
 captive, s. e-singa. pi. isingan. 
 caress, v. a. a-ngningi. prf. adingningia. pass, a-ngnin- 
 
 gini. 
 carry, v. a. a-nab. prf. adanaba. pass, anabi. prf. ada- 
 
 nabaki. 
 cassada, s, orl-manga. pi. ilmangan. (In kinika also 
 
 manga) 
 catch, v. a-iwou. prf, aiwouo. catch by intercepting as 
 
 rolling water, standing phrase for collecting the
 
 urin of cows which is used for cleansing all the 
 
 milkA^essels. 
 catch, V. a. a-uab. prf. adauaba = tailing hold of. pass. 
 
 auabi. 
 chains of brasswire cm-onjorid. pi. im-onjorkli. 
 chaii', s. oi'l-origa. pi. ilorigan. 
 cheeli, s. en-dagurla. pi. inda£;url. 
 chest, s. orl-go. pi, ilgon. 
 chew, V. a-niarl. prf. adaniarla. 
 chew, V. the cud. a-damu. prf. adadamua. 
 child, s. en-gerai. pi. ingera. 
 chope, V. a. a-kuert. prf. adakuerda. 
 choose, V. a. a-gebu. prf. adegebuo. pass, a-gebiini. 
 circumcise, v. a-murat. prf. adumurada males & females 
 
 are circumcised, 
 claw, s. orl-oibuso. pi. iloibosok. 
 clean, v. a. to-by rubbing a-jud. prf. adujiido. pass. 
 
 ajudi. prf. adujudoki. 
 clear, v. a. — to-away a-or. prf. adoro. 
 cleave, v. a. a-borl. prf. adoborlo. pass, aborli. 
 clever, adj. gnen. 
 climb, V. a-ilebaki. prf. ailebaka. 
 cloth, s. en-anga. pi. inangan. 
 
 clothe, V. a. a-iop. prf. aiopo. pass, aiopi. prf. aiopoki. 
 clothed, to be — with = to wear. a-i§6b, prf. aisoba. 
 cloud, s. em-buruo. pi. imburuun. 
 club. s. orl-guma. pK il-guman. The c\ah and the spear 
 
 are the chief weapons of the Masai in the throwing 
 
 of which they are exceedingly expert, 
 coagulate, v. n. a-gurl. prf. adugiirla. 
 coal, s. eng-ukuo. pi. ingiik. 
 cold. s. eng-ijape. 
 cold, to get, — a-robi. prf. atobiu.
 
 — 79 — 
 
 collect, V. a. a-iuou. prf. aiwoiio. pass, aiwouni. prf. 
 aiuAVOuoln. 
 
 coloured, to he highly or strongly — a-gar. 
 
 come, V. a-lodu. Imp. come uoii. Come ye uodu, [jiI. 
 aiuo. pass, a-loduni. prf. aiiolu. exg. iloduni(i)ari 
 lit. thou -vvilst be come to be beaten = thou shalt 
 be beaten. 
 
 come, V. to — to the surface, a-ibor. prf. aiboro. 
 
 come, out of. v. n. a-ibuii, prf. aibungo. 
 
 come, to make a thing to come out of its place, v. a. 
 albuii. prf. aibunga. 
 
 come, to — as for as = to reach, a-baya. prf. adahaye. 
 
 common, s. aulo. a clear place round about every sett- 
 lement, which is cleared & hej)t clear by all, on 
 which the cows are milked morning and evening. 
 
 community, s. em-boida. pi. imboidan. 
 
 complete, v. a. a-idib. prf. aidiba. 
 
 conceal, v. a. a-isiido. prf. aisudoye. 
 
 confuse, v. to be made — a-guru. 
 
 consistent, v. lo get — a-gurl, prf. adagurlu. 
 
 cook, v. a. a-ier. prf. adeiera. pass, a-ieri. prf. adeie- 
 raki. 
 
 cool, V. n. a-robi. prf. a-robiu. 
 
 cord, s. e-roguet. pi, irogueti. 
 
 cough, s. eng-anirati. 
 
 cough, V. a-irok. prf. airoga. 
 
 count, V. a-igen, prf. aigena. pass, a-igeni. prf. aige- 
 naki. 
 
 country, s. orl-maniara. pi. ilmaniaran. orlmaniara lovl — 
 asomba the country of the Suaheli. 
 
 cover, V. a. (with cloth) a-iop prf. aiopo. 
 
 cover, V. a. with the vicAv of hiding a-jab. prf. adajabii. 
 
 cover, V. a. with a lid a-bising. prf. adibising;i. pass, 
 abisingi.
 
 — 80 — 
 
 cover, s. em-bisinge. pi, imbisingen. 
 
 cow, s. en-gidcn. pi. in-gisu. collectively cattle. 
 
 cow, name of a — having thrown the iirst calf cn- 
 
 dauo. pi. indauon. 
 coward, s. orldungnani guret. 
 cowry, s. o-sigiria. pi. isigirian. For a small number 
 
 of these shells the largest tusk of ivory is obtained. 
 
 They are used as ornaments, 
 crocodile, s. orl-gingnlan. pi. ilgingnian, 
 crooked, v. to be — n-gordil. prf. adogordila. 
 cruel, V. to be — a-man. prf. adamana. 
 cruel, adj. masc. oman. adj. fern, naman. 
 crush, V. a. apeda. prf. adepedaye. pass, a-pedari. prf. 
 
 adepedayoki. 
 curdle, v. n. a-gurl. prf. adagurla. 
 cut, V. a. & cut down, a-dun. prf. adudunga. pass. 
 
 adiingi. prf. adudungaki. 
 cut, V. a. to-open, a-burl. prf. aduburlo. pass, abiirli. 
 cut, V. a. to-into halves, (lit. to half.) a-saj. prf. ada- 
 
 saja, pass, asaji. 
 
 D. 
 
 dance, v. a-ran. prf. adarania. 
 
 dance, & sing (religiously) a-isilil. 
 
 dare, v. a-ideu. prf. aideiio. 
 
 dark, v. n, to be — a-misimis. 
 
 dawn, V. n. a-igenu. prf. aigenua. 
 
 day, s. eng-orion. pi. ing-crlongi. (lit. sun. as in Ki- 
 
 nika.) 
 day, to day — duo. day before yesterday — nabari. — 
 
 yesteiday gnole, 
 day, in contra lis. to night, em-bargiji. 
 day, another day. en-gaiorlon. The cthiM' day engor- 
 
 loii engai.
 
 — 81 — 
 
 dead, s. the male dead orl-inencngani. [>!. ilmenenga. 
 
 fem, emencnjjaui. lit. the llecty ones iioiu ilic verb 
 
 a-nencn. 
 dead, adj. masc. odoa. adj. fein. nadoa. 
 dear, s. (pet-name) uadangile. pi. nadangilen used but 
 
 for females, 
 debt, s. e-sile. 
 deceive, v. a. a-led'. prf. adeled'a. pass, aled'i. prf. 
 
 adelcjaki. 
 defend, v. a. a-lris. prf. airi.sa. pass, airisi. prf. airi- 
 
 saki. 
 deliver, v. a. a-idayu. prf. aidayuo. 
 deny, v. a. to — one =: take from, a-midiki. prf. 
 
 adomidikjo. pass, a-midikini. pi'f. adomidikjoki. 
 descend, v. a-daii. prf. adadaiio. 
 desire, v. a, a^jau. prf. adajaua. pass, ajauni. 
 despise, v. a. a-men. prf. adamona. pass, ameni. 
 destroy, v. a. a-idaruo. prf. aidaruoye, pass, aidaruori. 
 
 prf. ruoyoki. 
 die, V. n. a-e. prf. adoa. ie duo he dies to doy. 
 dig, V. a. a-dur. prf. adudi'iro. pass, aduri. 
 dig, V. a. to-up. a-diiru. prf. aduduriio. pass, aduruni. 
 dig, V. a. to a-hole. a-ud. prf. adudo. pass. audi, 
 disappear, v. n. a-mud. prf. adumudo. engorlon edu- 
 
 mudo the sun has set. 
 disclose, v. a. a-gin. prf. adiginia. pass, agini. prf. 
 
 adiginiaki. 
 discover, v. a. a-iras. prf. airasa. pass, airasi. 
 dish, s. Avooden — eng.ira, pi. ingiran. 
 dispex'se, v. a. a-sur. prf. adasiira. 
 distance, el-akua. the unknown far away distance. 
 
 (^Beite.) 
 distance, s. e-ban. e-baneiiiiie medigido its distance is 
 
 not great. 
 
 6
 
 - 82 - 
 
 distort!, v. a. a-gur. prf. a«]agui'a. 
 
 clivide, v. a. a-or. pif. adoro. pass. aori. 
 
 do, V. a. a-idobil", prf, aidobira. pass, aidobiri. prt'. 
 
 aidobiraki, 
 dog, s. orl-dia. pi. ildiain. 
 dog, s. fern, cn-dia. pi. indiain. 
 donkey, s. o-sigirio. pi, isigiiion. 
 door, s. engiiduk. house door gudukadji. 
 down, adv. abori. 
 
 draw, V. a-jeda. prf. adejeda. pass, a-jedari. 
 draw, water, a-6gu. prf. adogu. pass, aguni. 
 dream, v. a-idedided. prf. aldedideda. 
 dress, of cloth, en-anga. pi. inangan. 
 dress, of skins, orl-gila, pi. ilgilan. 
 drink, v. a. a-mad, prf. adamada. pass, amadi. prf. ada- 
 
 madaki. 
 drink, (out) = finish the drink, a-inid. prf. adimida. 
 
 pass, a-midi. 
 drizzle, v. a-idibidib. prf. aidibidiba. 
 dry, V. n. to be — a-doyo. prf. adadoyiio. 
 dry, adj. masc, odoyo. adj. fem. nadoyo. 
 
 E. 
 each, bogi. orlduiinani bogi each man. 
 ear, s. eng-iok. pL ing-ia. 
 earth, s. eng-urlukua, 
 earth = world, eng-6b. pi. ingobi. 
 eat, V. a. a-nyia. Imp. dama. pi. indama. prf. a-dama. 
 
 pass, anyiai. 
 egg, s. — of the ostrich, em-odorui. pi. imodoriii. 
 eight, esied. orl esied duiinani the 8*'* man. ildunnan 
 
 esied. eight men. 
 elephant, s. orl-dome. pi. ildomen. 
 elephant's tusk orl ale lorldome.
 
 — 83 — 
 
 emigrate, v. n. a-idur. prf. aifliira. 
 
 empty, v. a. a-bugu. pif. aduhugu. pass, ahugi'iiii. prf. 
 adubuguyolii. 
 
 empty, y. a. ^= finish a-mid. prf. adimida. 
 
 empty, v. ii. a~m6da. prf. adomoda. 
 
 enemy, s. orl-niangadi. pi. iimangadi. lit. the cruel from 
 a-man. 
 
 engaged, to be — ad-anjamarl. lit. to have to do. 
 
 enlarge, v. a. a-bir. prf. adoliiro. (from >vhich aidobir 
 to make or do.) 
 
 enough, adv. nagai. 
 
 enter, v. a. a-jing. prf. adijinga. pass, ajingi. prf. adi- 
 jingaki. 
 
 entrance, s. o^mi. ingisomi the gate through which 
 cows pass. 
 
 entrail, s. e-monit. 
 
 equal, to be — v. n. a-ris. prf. adirisa. 
 
 equalize, v. a. a-risio. pif. adorisio. pass, a-risiori. prf. 
 adorisioyoki. 
 
 erect, v. a. a-ngadu. prf. adangadi'io. 
 
 erect, v. n, to be — a-ngade. prf. adangade. 
 
 eruct, V. n. a-ser. prf. adesera. 
 
 escape, y. n. a-luaja. prf. aduluaja. pass, a-luajari. prf. 
 aduluajoki. exg. eduluajokio ingisu bogi. lit. we 
 were escaped all our cows, i. e. all our cows es- 
 caped us. 
 
 evening, deiba. 
 
 ewe, s. en-ger. pi. in-gera. 
 
 excrement, s. eng-ik. 
 
 extend, v. a. vid. enlarge spreading out. 
 
 extend, y. a. = stretch, a-guraki. prf. adugurakie. 
 
 eye, s. eng-on. pi. ing-oniek. 
 
 eye, brow. s. orl-babid lingoniek lit. hair of the eyes. 
 
 6*
 
 — 84 — 
 
 IP. 
 
 face, s. eng-omon. pi. ingomomi. 
 
 face, V. a. a-ingnor. prf. aifinora. 
 
 faint, V. to be — a-nana. 
 
 fair, adj. sidai. 
 
 fall, V. n. a-doye. prf. adadoye. 
 
 fall, V. a. to cause to — make fall, a-ria. prf. adgria. 
 
 fall, away, to get lean, a-sasu. prf. adasasua. 
 
 family, s. en-donoda. pi. indonodan. 
 
 far, adv. ba. how far? ajiba. 
 
 fat, s. siinia. the fat gained of the tails of sheep, and 
 used for anointing the body. 
 
 father, s. baba. our father babalan. (the father as pro- 
 vider) 
 
 father, family-father as title, menie. 
 
 father, orl-oiu. pi. iloiu. (the father as genitor) 
 
 father, in law. orl-abudani. pi. ilabudan. 
 
 fear, v. a-ureso. pass, auresori. 
 
 feather, as collective name vid. plumage. 
 
 feather, the long ones of the tail of the ostrich, orl- 
 obiro. pi. ilobiro. 
 
 feather, dim. the small of the ostrich, eng-obiro. pi, 
 ing-obiro. 
 
 feeble, to be — a-nana. 
 
 feeble, adj. masc. onana. adj. fem. nanana. 
 
 feel, V. a. a-niii. prf. adoningo. pass, aningi. prf. ado- 
 ningoki. 
 
 fell, V. a. a-dun. prf. adudunga. pass, adiingi. 
 
 ferry, v. a. a-rlah. prf. adarlanga. pass, arlangi. 
 
 fetch, water, a-ogu. prf, adogu. 
 
 few, adj. gudi. 
 
 field, s. en-giiruma. pi, inguruman. f, 
 
 fifty, neiduruja. f(
 
 fight, V. a. a-ara. prf. adava. 
 
 fin, V. a. a-ibiid. prf. iiibi'ula. pass, aihudi. 
 
 fine, adj. rongai. 
 
 finger, s. orl-gimojino. pi. il-ginjojik. 
 
 finish, V. a. a-mid. prf. adimida. cdimid endai oinyo- 
 dodo-he finished my food and got otT. 
 
 finish, a-idib. prf. aidiba ejon aidib anjamarl .li lie 
 ■will finish my -svorli. 
 
 fire, eng-ima. 
 
 first, obo. fern. nabo. the first man-orl oho dufinan 
 the first child enabo gerai. 
 
 fish, o-singeri. pi. i-singerin. (not eaten by the Masai) 
 
 fist, to make a — a-nuigud. prf. adumuguda. 
 
 five, emied. 
 
 flay, V. a. a-jen. prf. adejenga. pass, ajengi. 
 
 fleety — to be. v. n. a-nenin. prf, a-neninga (irre- 
 gular) adj. masc. oneniii. adj. fem, nanenii'i. 
 
 flesh, s. en-giringo. 
 
 flour, s. embunoa. 
 
 flow, V. n. a-gej. prf. adegeju. (River orl-geju lit. the 
 flowing) 
 
 fly, s. orl-ojonga. pi. ilojongan. 
 
 fly, V. a-ibiri. prf. aibirio. 
 
 foam, s. orl-abura. pi. ilaburan. 
 
 fog, s. em-biiruo, 
 
 foliage, s. ini-benek. 
 
 follow, V. a. a-dubakf. prf. adudubaka. 
 
 food, s. en-da. my food endaai contract, endai. 
 
 foot, s. en-geju. pi. ingejek. 
 
 foot, sole, endap. pi. indabi. 
 
 foot, lower part of — from the heel to the toes, by 
 man & beast orl-oilcle. pi. iloilelek. 
 
 for, prep, g, gosiririm for beads. gingiSu for cons, 
 
 forgetfulness. or-gine.
 
 — 86 — 
 
 forgetful — lo be — adoiyine. 
 
 formerly, adv. oba. 
 
 forest, s. en. dim. pi. indimi. 
 
 forty, osom. 
 
 four, ungwan. 
 
 fowl, s. en-gugusieki. pi. ingugusiek. Known only by 
 name probably from ibe word kuku wbich among 
 the tribes round about the Masai signifies fowl. 
 
 freeze , t. n. a-irebiso. prf. airebise,>^lit. to stick to- 
 gether. 
 
 fresh, adj. masc, ojon. adj. fem, najon. 
 
 friend, s. by addressing oneself to oido! 
 
 friend, s. orl-doruet. pi. ildorueda. 
 
 friend, female friend, en-doruet. pi, indorueda. 
 
 friendshijj, to make — v. a. a-lilid. prf. adililida. 
 
 frighten, v. a. a-idiire. prf. aidiiria. pass, aidurei. prf. 
 aidureiaki. 
 
 frog, s. en-dua. pi. induan, 
 
 fuel, s. el-gek. 
 
 fungus, s. orl-aba. pi. ilaban. 
 
 €}. 
 
 gall, s. orl-odua. 
 
 gate, s. 6-mi. 
 
 gaze, V. a. a-ngode. 
 
 generate, v. a. a-iso. prf. (irregulaily) adoiiio. pass. 
 
 aiiini. prf, adoiuoki. 
 genitor, s. oil-oiu. pi. iloiii. The name by wliich a 
 
 father goes after his death, 
 genitor, female, e-naiu. pi. inaiu. The name by which 
 
 a mother goes after her death, 
 giraffe, s. orl-meud, pi. ilmeudi, 
 girl, s, en-dido, pi. indoye, 
 give, V. a. a-iSo. prf. adoisc. pass, aisori.
 
 — 87 — 
 
 give, birth, v. a. a-dau. pi'f. adadauo. 
 
 give, lip. V. a. a-idayu. pi'f. aidayuo. aidayungik to nialu- 
 
 tlie necessai'y. 
 glide, s. n. a-iserdid. prf. aiserdida. 
 glimmer, v. n. a-uk. prf. adauga. cngim cuk abori 
 
 ngnornon the fire glimmers under the ashes, 
 gnate, s. eng ojonga. pi. ing-ojongan. 
 go, V. a-rlo. Imp, ino. go ye ensom. let us go mabe. 
 
 prf. asomo. 
 go, In advance — a-idi'iruk. prf. aiduri'iga. 
 go in, a-jcng. prf. adejt'nge. pass, ajengi. 
 
 exg. rdojengaki ngajingnie oeduburoki gurl cfinie 
 lit. he was entered his house and Avas stolen his 
 milk, 
 go, behind one i. e. follow, a-dubake. 
 goat, s. masc. orl-gine. pi. ilgineji. 
 goat, s. fern, en-ginc. pi. indare, 
 god, s. eng-ai. 
 good, adj. sidai. 
 good, adv. subad. & nagai. 
 good, good-by. sere, 
 grand-father akwi. my — akwi lai my grand fathers 
 
 akwi lainai, 
 grass, s. long & strong grass, orl-gujida. pi. il-gi'ijid. 
 grass, tender — such as cows feed on engujida, pi. 
 
 in-gujid. 
 gratuitously, beso. & sodoa. 
 grave, s. eng-urare. pi. inguraren & ingiira. 
 grease, s. eng-urin. 
 great, adj. gido. 
 green, v. to be — a-jon. 
 green, adj. masc. ojon. adj. fem. najon. 
 grinder, s. (tooth) oi 1-dara.scras. pi. ilfiarascras. 
 groan, vid. grumble.
 
 grow, V. a-bi'ilu. prf. adubulua. 
 grow, fat. a-bir. prf. adobiro. 
 grow, lean, a-sasu, prf. adasasua. 
 grumble, v. a-gor. prf. adagoro. 
 guard, V. a. a-rib. prf. adoribo. 
 gum, s. eng-ird. pi. ing-irdi. 
 gut, s. en-dude. pi. in-diiden. 
 
 hair, s. of the head ■ — orl-babld. pi. ilbabidi. 
 
 liair, s. of the body em-bon. 
 
 hand, s. eng-aina. pi. ing-aik. 
 
 hand, hollow of the — cn-dap. pi. indabi. 
 
 hand, v. to — over. a-im. prf. aima. 
 
 hang, V. a. & n. aik. prf. adiga. prf. neut. adige. 
 
 hard, adj. masc. ogol. adj. fem. nagol. 
 
 hatchet, s. en-dorlu. pi. indoilun. 
 
 have, s. a-ra. ara gnen to have undei'Standing. 
 
 have, V. a-ada. prf. adoba. edingisu to have cows = 
 
 possess. 
 haAvk, s. orl-gilid. pi. ilgilili. 
 head, s. e-lugunia. pi. ilugunian, 
 head, of the windpipe, orl-gos. pi. ilgoso. 
 heal, V. a. a-isyu. prf. aisyuo. pass, aisyuni. prf. aisyu- 
 
 oki. 
 healthy, s. orl-luliinga. 
 healthy, to be. a-luliinga. 
 
 healthy = strong to be — a-gol. prf. adagolo. 
 hear, v. a. a-nifi. prf. adoningo. 
 heart, s. orl-dau. pi. ildaun. 
 heat, s. eng-ingningnire. 
 heaven, s. eng-adambo. pi. ingadainbon. 
 heavy — to be — a-r65i. 
 heavy, adj. masc. orosi. adj. fem. naroSi.
 
 — 89 — 
 
 he, pron. neunie & ennie. 
 
 hedge, s. orl-ale. pi. ilalen. (within vvhlcli cows arc 
 
 kept, 
 hedge, s, orl-bombo. pi. ilbombon. strong — louml 
 
 every settlement, for the sake of security against, 
 
 man & beast. 
 heel, s. en-{ludunio. i>l. indudunion. 
 heh! enginiogo. 
 
 her, pron. poss. eiinie, pi. eiiniena. 
 here, ady. ene. it is here edine. it is not here mc- 
 
 dine. 
 hew, V. a. a-kuert. prf. adakuerda. pass, akuerdi. prf. 
 
 adakuerdaki. 
 hickup. to have the, — v. a-ijok. prf. aijogo. 
 hide, s. (of goats & sheep, en-dabana. pi. indaban. 
 hide, of cows, vid. skin, 
 hide, aisudo- prf. aisudoye. 
 hill, s. orl-eibangi. pi. ileibangin. 
 him, pron. neiinie & chnie. 
 hippopotamus, s. orl-magau. pi. ilmagaun. 
 his, pron. poss. lerinie. pi. lennicna. 
 hobble, V. ara-gnojine. 
 hobbling, s. eng-nojine. 
 hole, s. en-andado. pi. in-andad. 
 hole, s. in the ear e-segerua. pi. isegeruan. 
 hollow — to — out, a-mod. prf. adomodo. 
 hollow, to be — v. n. a-moda. prf. adamoda. (lig. 
 
 stupid) 
 honey, s. e-neiso. 
 horn, s. e-segegua. pi. isegeguan. 
 hot, — to be — a-roiia. prf. aduroua (fig. angry) 
 house, s. eng - aji. pi. ing-ajijik — this house en-aji 
 
 (not as it should be enangaji) 
 house, door gudukaji (contracted from eng-uduk-aji)
 
 — 90 — 
 
 how, adv. ajl. liow far ajiba. how large ajiglJo. 
 
 how many if referred to a noun of the masc. gender 
 
 omuaja. 
 how', many if referred to a noun of the fern, gender 
 
 namuaja. 
 how, many men? ildungnana omuaja & omuaj ildungnana. 
 how, many sheep? ingera namuaja? 
 hump e-ruk. pi. iriigi. 
 hundred, ipi. ipi accompanied with a snap of the fingei s 
 
 signifies all numbers beyond fifty, 
 hunger, s. orl-ameu. 
 husband, s. orl-moruo. pi. ilmoruak. 
 
 I. 
 
 I, pron. nanu. I alone, nanu oben. I myself nanugewan. 
 
 ibis, en-dadolu. pi. in-dadolun. 
 
 if, conj. den. denaibod engarna baba lengniena, edorl- 
 mangadi lai osabe. If I pronounce the name of his 
 fathers, so is he my enemy for ever. 
 
 impose — to — upon, a-ltj. pif. adeleja. 
 
 in, prep. = ev. adoa. he is in the house, ed adoaji, 
 
 in & into. prep. = fi^^ — de. 
 
 increase, v. a. a-bon. pif. adobono. 
 
 india-corn. s. el- back. 
 
 indifferently, adv. gasegase. 
 
 inquire, v. a. a-ibaru. prf. aibarua. 
 
 inspect, v. a. a-imariii. prf. aiinariria. 
 
 inspect, willi the intent to find fault, a-mar, prf. ada- 
 mara. 
 
 intend, v. a-udiki, prf. adaudikjo. 
 
 invert, v. a. a-ibeligen. prf. aibeligenia. 
 
 iron, s. e-sengengei. 
 
 itch, s. el-bebedo.
 
 — 91 — 
 
 •r. 
 
 jaguar, s. orl-uwaru. pi. IluwaraU. 
 
 join, V. a-rub. prf. aduruba. 
 
 judge, V. a. a-iri§. prf. airiSa. pass. alriSi. prf. alri- 
 
 saki. 
 julus, s. o-sambiirlal. pi. Isamburlal. 
 
 H. 
 
 keep, r. = a-ada = to have. 
 
 keep, V. to — back a-don na lit. to sit with. prf. ado- 
 
 dona-na. 
 keep, in view a-ingnor. prf. aingnora. 
 kick, V, a. a-rumo. prf. aduri'imoe. pass, arumokini. 
 kidney, s. orl-airugiiji. pi. ilairuguj. 
 kill, V. a-ar. prf. adara. 
 king, s. orl-eiboni, pi. ileibonok. 
 knee, s. eng-ugun. pi. in-guii. 
 kiiee.pan, s, orl-elburugusi. pi. ileiburugiis. 
 knife, s. orl-alem. pi. ilalcma. 
 knife, s. dim. eng-alem. pi. ing-alema. 
 knock, V. a. a-igor. prf. aigoro. 
 know, V. a-j6rlo. prf. adajorlo. 
 
 lament, v. a-buak. prf. adiibuaga. 
 
 lamentation, s. eng-iibuak. 
 
 language, s. eng-uduk. enguduk ilolgob the language of 
 
 the Masai, 
 lap, V. a. a-mej. prf. adamejo. pass. a-nieji. 
 lap, s. eng-uhes. pi. ing-ubesir. 
 laige, adj. gido & sabuk. 
 laugh, V. a-kuen. prf. adakueni;i. 
 lay, V. — eggs. vid. give birth, 
 lay, V. to — down. a-Sum — vid. put.
 
 — 92 — 
 
 lead, s. eng-osorlai. 
 
 leaf, s. em-benek. pi. imbenek, 
 
 leave, v. a-ingododo. prf. ainyo, 
 
 leave, off. a-bal. prf. adabala. pass, abali. 
 
 lick, V. vid. lap. 
 
 lid, s. em-bisinge. pi. im-bisingen. 
 
 lie, s. el-ejare. 
 
 lie, V. ad-elejare. lit. to be -svitli lie. 
 
 lie, V. = recline a-ber. prf. adabera. 
 
 light, V. a. to — a fire a-lnok. prf, ainoa. 
 
 light, to be — V. n. a-nenin. 
 
 light, adj. inasc. o-nenin. adj. fein. nanenin. 
 
 like, V. a. a-nior. prf. adaniora. pass, aniori. 
 
 like, to be — v. n. vid. resemble. 
 
 like, adv. gan. 
 
 lion, s. orl-gnadun. pi. ilgnadun. 
 
 lioness, s. en-gnadun. pi. ingnadun. 
 
 liquor, s. an intoxicating made of wild honey, orl- 
 marua. 
 
 little, adj. gidi. 
 
 littleness, eng-ingui. 
 
 live, V. to — at, a-don. prf. adodona. 
 
 liver, s. e-monyoa. pi. imonyoan. 
 
 long — to be — in size a-ado. 
 
 long, adj. masc. wado. (instead oado) adj. fern. nado. 
 
 long. ago. adv. muidi. 
 
 look, V. a. (at) a-ingnor. prf. aingnora. pass, aingnori. 
 
 look, V. a. to — about for. aingnoru. vid. seek. 
 
 look, V. a, up. a-imariri. prf. aimariria. eimariri ngor- 
 long which eneba dauena, danyu emonyoa. lit. (the 
 returning widow) she looks at the sun, at here 
 far (he has descended) sit down, wait for the 
 liver. The widow goes home and enters a settle- 
 ment, where a cow has been killed. It is near
 
 — 93 — 
 
 evening but still she is invited to sit doAvn & wait 
 for the livci*. Internal parts of animals are eaten 
 but by the aged & the females, wherefore old men 
 are also called kidney and liver eaters. 
 
 lose, V. a. a-imim. j>rf. aimina. pass, aimini. prf. aimi- 
 naki. 
 
 loosen, V. a. a-rlagu. prf, adarlagua. 
 
 louse, s. orl-asei. pi. ilaSe. 
 
 love, V. a. a-Sam. prf. adasama. pass, asami. prf. ada- 
 samaki. 
 
 love-apple, s. en-dulele. pi. in-dulelen. 
 
 lover, masc. o-sanda. fern, e-sanda. pi. isandan. 
 
 maggot, s. orl-gurdo. pi. il-gurd. 
 maggot, dim. en-giiru. pi. in-gur. 
 make, v. a. aidobir & a-idobiriso. prf. aidobira & aido- 
 
 birise. pass, a-idobiri. prf. aidobiraki. 
 male, adj. 61e. pi. lewa. engerai ole male child, ingera 
 
 lewa. m. children, 
 mamma, s. jejo. 
 
 man, s. orl-dungnani. pi. ildungnana. 
 many, adj. giimo. 
 market, s. e-sengira. & o-s6gor. the latter is but an 
 
 adoption from the w^ord soko meaning market 
 
 among some of the coast-tribes, 
 marry, v. a-iam & aianiiso. prf. aiama & aiamise. pass. 
 
 a-iami. prf. aiamaki. 
 Masai, s. orl-masai. pi. il-masai. Call themselves so in 
 
 contradis. to the Wakuafi. fem. e-masai. pi. i-masai. 
 Masai, orl-oigob. pi. iloigob. so they call themselves 
 
 as descendants of a certain orloigob who is said 
 
 to be the common father of Wakuafi and Masai.
 
 — 94 — 
 
 The word orl oigob signifies: ,,tlie masculine (mas- 
 
 lei') of the woi'ld" if composed of the words: or! 
 
 masc. article, ole adj. male or masculine & eng-ob 
 
 world, as I think it to be. 
 master, (as tille) orl-garsis. 
 matter, s. eng-imek. 
 me, pron. nanu. 
 meat, s. en-giringo. 
 medicine, s. en-dasim. pi. indasimi. 
 milk, s. gurle — The first milk after a cow has thrown 
 
 a calf e-sigido. 
 milk, s. a. a-lep. prf. adalebo. pass, alebi. prf. adale- 
 
 boUi. 
 mingle, v. a. a-idusur. prf. aidusuila. pass. aiduSuri. 
 
 prf. aidusurlaki. 
 mistress, s. en-garsis, 
 mix, V. a. — (by stirring in a circular way) a-gurd. 
 
 prf. adugi'irdo. 
 mkuafi, s. (as he calls himself) orl-oigob. pi. iloigob. 
 mkaafi, (as he is scornfully called by the Masaij em-ba- 
 
 rawui. pi. imbarawuio. 
 monkey, s. orl-goroi. pi. ilgoroin. 
 moon, s. orl-aba. 
 morning, s. dadegenia. 
 
 morrow, deisere; come to — uou deisere. 
 mother, s. jcjo. 
 
 mother, s. who gave birth eng-nodon. 
 mother, as she is called after her death e-naiu. pi. 
 
 inaiu. 
 mountain, s. orl-doenyo. pi. ildoenyon. 
 mouth, s. eng-uduk, 
 much, adv. giimo, 
 mud, s. e-salmak. 
 musket, s. en-diol. 

 
 \ 
 
 - i»5 - 
 
 my, pron. poss, iiiasc. lai. pi. laiiiai. 
 my, pron. poss. fern, ai, pi. ainai. 
 
 nail, s. oil-oiljoso. pi. iloibosoU. 
 
 name, s. cng-arna. pi. ing-arnan. 
 
 name, v. to — a-ibod. pif. aiboda. pass, albodi. prf. 
 
 aibodaki. 
 navel, s. o-surorua. pi. isororuan. 
 near, v. to be — a-dana. prf. adadana. 
 neck, s. em-biden. pi. imbidingi. 
 neck, s. bind part of the — o-sangi'irigur. 
 neck, s. fore jiart of tlie — eni-urd, vld. throat, 
 needle, s. orl-didu. pi. ildidun. 
 new, adj. gnejuk. 
 news, s. lomon. 
 nice, adj. sidai, 
 night, s. g-ewarie (the g rest of the fern, article eng. 
 
 comp. gudukaji) 
 night fall. s. dara. 
 nine, enduruj & sal. 
 no, me & erne. 
 
 noise, to make a — a-dar. prf. adadara. 
 noon, s. em-bargiji. 
 nose, s. orl-gume. pi. ilgumen. 
 
 nose, s. dim. the broad low — en-gume. pi. ingumen. 
 not, adv. m'e & eme (in the negat. verb abridged 
 
 to m) 
 now, adv. dada. 
 number, v. a-igen. prf, aigena. pass, aigeni, 
 
 o. 
 
 oath, s. muma. 
 
 ochre, s. red — orl-garia.
 
 — 96 — 
 
 offering, orl-geredi pi. ilgered. Made in distress to 
 engai. 
 
 oh! inter] . eh ! & oi! 
 
 oil, el-ada. 
 
 old, adj. in contradis. to new msana. 
 
 old, s. gogo = the hoary. 
 
 on, adv. geber. 
 
 one, nabo & obo; only one naboge (fem. adj. also card, 
 number) orldungnani obo one man. engnorion nabo 
 one woman; enabo gnorion the first woman, orlobo 
 dungnani the first man. 
 
 only, adv. ge. 
 
 open, V. a. a-igenu. prf. aigenua. ingenu gudukaji 
 open the housedoor. 
 
 or, conj. au. or-or au-au. 
 
 ostrich, s. e-sidai. pi. isidan. (lit. the fair one) 
 
 other, adj. gai. the other masc. orlgai. fem. engai. 
 
 another man orlgai dungnani. the other — orl- 
 dungnani oilgai. 
 
 our, pron. poss. masc. Ian. 
 
 our, pron. poss. fem. all. 
 
 overbearing — to be — a-gorlon. 
 
 overbearing, adj. masc. ogorloii. adj. fem. nagorlofl. 
 
 overlay, v. a. a-peda. prf. adepedaye. 
 
 over-reach, v. a. a-6ru. prf. adoruo. pass, a-orimi, 
 
 owner, s. oi^l-oben. pi. iloben. 
 
 ox, s. orl-giden. pi. ilmongi. 
 
 P. 
 
 pack, V. a. a-rid. prf. adirida. pass, a-ridi. prf. adiri- 
 
 daki. 
 palate, s. en-6ret. 
 pan, s. (3-m6di. pi. imodio. 
 party coloured, adj. geri.
 
 — 97 — 
 
 pass, V. n. a-im. pi f. aima. 
 
 pass, v« a. away, a-gik. prf. adiSiga. 
 
 passage, s. o-nii. 
 
 pasture, v. a. a-irid. prf. airida. pass, airidi. 
 
 path, s. eng-oidoi. pi. ing-oidoi. 
 
 paunch, s. eng-aya. pi. ing-ayan. 
 
 peace, s. sei-e. 
 
 peal, V. a. a-gin. prf. adiginia. 
 
 penis, s. en-jabo. pi. injabok. 
 
 perform, v. rid. do. 
 
 perfume, s. orl-emoran. pi, ilemoran. a mint-like shrub 
 used as perfume by almost all tribes in East- 
 Africa. 
 
 perspiration, s. eng-ilaii. 
 
 pestle, s. en-auner, pi. inauneri. 
 
 pipe, s. tobacco — orl-modi. pi. ilmodio. 
 
 piss, V. a. a-rlud. prf, adurliida. 
 
 pit, s. eng-umodo. pi. ing-umodon. 
 
 pit, fall, s, orl-giringed. pi. ilgiringedi. 
 
 place, s. e-weiji. pi. iweiji. 
 
 plant, V. a. a-dur. prf. aduduro. pass, adiiri. 
 
 plantation, s, en-guruma. pi. inguruman. 
 
 plumage, s. oil-obiron. pi. ilobir. 
 
 point, s. en-kue. pi. in-kuen. 
 
 point, V. a. = make a thing pointedly sharp, a-kuert. 
 
 prf. adakuerda. 
 poison, s. e-seicd. pi. iseiedi. 
 poor, vid. beggar. 
 
 poorly — to be — a-muei. prf. adamueia. 
 possess, V. vid. have, 
 posterior, s. orl-giirum. pi. ilgurumi. 
 pot, s, e-modi. pi. imodio. 
 pot, sherd, s, eng-elesadi. pi. ingelisad. . 
 pound, V. a. a-idun. prf. aidiingo. pass, aidungi.
 
 — 98 — 
 
 pour, V. a. to — into a-big. prf. adibiga. 
 
 pour, V. a. to — out = to empty a-bugu. prf. adubiigu. 
 
 pass, abugiini. 
 pour, v» a. to — out = throw away a-ibugo. prf. aibu- 
 
 goye. pass, aibugori. 
 powder, s. eng-ima. 
 precede, v. a. a-iduruU. prf. aiduruko. 
 pregnant, r. n. to be — a-mena. prf. adamena. 
 pregnant, t. pass, to be brought into family ony a-me- 
 
 nani. prf. adamenaki. 
 presently, adv. dada. 
 press, V. a. to~out, a-iron, prf. ai-i'6nia. 
 
 prudent, adj. gnen. 
 
 prudent, to be — ara gnen. 
 
 puffed, up — to be — v, n. a-bonga. prf. adabonga. 
 
 pull, V. a. a-ibiin. prf. aibunga. 
 
 pull, V. a. to — out. a-burd. prf. adaburdo. pass, 
 abiirdi. 
 
 pull, V. a. to — asunder a-ngcr. prf. adengera. 
 
 pull, V. a. to — to pieces, a-ngeru. prf. adangerua. 
 
 pulverize, vid. pound. 
 
 purge, V. a-rod. prf. adoroda. 
 
 pus, s. eng-imek. 
 
 push, V. a. a-rumo. prf. adurumoe. 
 
 put, V. a. to — down, a-sum. prf. adusuma. 
 
 put, V. a. to — together a-rid. prf, adirida. 
 
 put, V. a. to — into abig. vid. pour. 
 
 Q 
 
 quickly, adv. sarasara. 
 
 quiver, s. e- median, pi. iniodiani. 
 
 u. 
 
 rain, s. eng-ai. 
 
 rain, v. n. to — a-sa, prf. adasa. 
 
 I
 
 — 99 — 
 
 rat, s. (of the lielil) ong-utla. [A. incj-udan. 
 
 rat, s. (house-ral) on-deroni. pi. in-dero. 
 
 ravenous, v. to be — a-urla. 
 
 ravenous, atlj. niasc, ourla. feni. naurla. 
 
 razor, s. orl-niori'inia. |:l. ilmorunlan. 
 
 reach, v. a-baya. pif. adabaye. 
 
 receptacle, s. en-dam. 
 
 receive, v. a. a-isak. prf. aisa. 
 
 lecoUect, v. a. a-damu. prf. adadamua. 
 
 refuse, v, a-an. pif. adania. niian = do not say no. 
 
 refuse, v. a. a-midiki. prf. adomidikjo. 
 
 reign, v. a. a-idore. prf. aidoria. 
 
 remove, v. a. a-diimu. prf. adudiimua. 
 
 rend, v. a. a-gij. prf. a-digija. pass, agiji. 
 
 reply, v. a. a-iriik. prf. alrugo. 
 
 resemble, v. n. a-nana. prf. a-di\vana. (kisuaheli fa- 
 
 nana) 
 rest, V. n. a-ingnen. prf. aingnengna. 
 return, v. n. a-ringniinie. prf. adoringniinie. 
 revive, v. a. & n. a-piii. prf. adopiiio. pass, apiiini. 
 
 prf. adopiuoki. 
 rhinoceros, s. e-mun. pi. imuni. 
 rib, s. orl-arasi. pi. ilaras. 
 rip, V. a. to — up a-burl. prf. aduburlo. 
 river, orUgeju. pi. ilgejek. 
 roast, V. a. a-bej. prf. adabejo. 
 robber, s. orl-aburon. pi. ilaburok. 
 rock, s. o-soid. pi. isoido. 
 room, s. el-ala. 
 root, s. en-danai. pi. indana, 
 root, V, a. to — up. a dur. prf. aduduro. 
 root, V. a. to — out altogether a-ngciu. prf. aden- 
 
 gerua. 
 rough, to be — a-bi. (morally speaking)
 
 — 100 - 
 
 rough, adj. niasc. obi. atlj, fern. nabi. 
 
 rub, V. a. a-6j. prf. adojo. 
 
 rule, vid. reign. 
 
 I'un, on. a-gej. prf. adegeja. 
 
 run, V. n, to — over a-bor. prf. adabora. 
 
 run, V. — away, vid. escape. 
 
 s. 
 
 salt, s. e-munian. (kisuaheli muniu.) 
 
 sand, s. eng-urlukua. 
 
 sandal, s. en-anamake. pi. in-amuka, 
 
 sap, s. orl-gijo lorl dada. (lit. tear of a tree.) 
 
 satisfy, v. a. & n. a-imu. prf. aimi'io. 
 
 say, V. a-ka & prf. a-diaka. In use only these two in- 
 finitives by addressing oneself to a higher one 
 exg. orleiboni aka lit. king to say = king may 
 I say. 
 
 say, V. a-jo. prf. adejo. pass. a-j6ki. prf. adejoki. orl- 
 eibon(i) ejoki adoa the king is said to have died, 
 
 scabbard, s. en-jasur. pi. injasiiri. 
 
 scar, s. eng-iboroi. pi. ing-iboron. (derived from 
 a-ibor) 
 
 scorpion, s. eng-ulupa. pi. ing-ulupan. 
 
 scramble, v. a. to — for. a-sar. prf. adasara. 
 
 scratch, v. a. a-igorigor. prf. aigorigoro. 
 
 scrip, s. orl-bene. pi. ilbenen. 
 
 scrutinize, v. a-niar. prf. adamara. 
 
 secundine, s. em-balis. pi. imbalisi. 
 
 see, V. a. a-dol. pif. adadua. pass, adoli. prf. adaduaki. 
 
 seek, V. a. a-ingnoru. prf. aingnorua. 
 
 self, s. gewan. g-probably rest of the fern, article eng. 
 
 self, willed — to be — a-gorlon. 
 
 sell, V. a. a-mir. prf. adimira, 
 
 select, V. a. a-silu. prf. adisilua.
 
 — 101 — 
 
 send. V. a. (a person) a-ihaya. prf. aibayo. 
 
 send, V. a. (of tilings) a-iaki. prf. aiaka. pass. aiaUini, 
 
 prf. aiagaUi. 
 scperate, v. a-isur. prf. .lisiira. 
 set, V. n. a-niud. prf. adumudo. edumudo ngorloii tlie 
 
 sun has set. 
 settle, to — do'svn. a-don. prf. adadona. 
 settlement, s. these vary in size as they follow upon 
 
 each other, 
 settlement, eng-anasa. pi. ing-anasan. 
 settlement, s. eng-ail. pi. ing-angidi. 
 settlement, s. e-lide. pi. iliden, 
 settlement, s. (a forsaken one) orl-muade. pi. ilmuaden. 
 
 (probably from mud) 
 seven, nabusana. 
 sew, V. a, a-rib. prf. adiriba. pass, aribi. prf. adiri- 
 
 baki. 
 shade & shadow, s. orl- oib. pi. iloib. 
 shame, s. orl-ai'o. 
 shame, v. to have — ad-orlaro. 
 shame, v. to be put to — a-guru. prf. adugurua. 
 sharpen, v. a. a-i. prf. aio. pass. aii. prf. aioki. 
 shave, v. a. a-barn. prf. adabarno, 
 sheep, s. masc. orl-ger. pi. ilgera. 
 sheep, s. fern, en-ger. pi. in-gera. 
 shepherd, s. orl-airidani. pi. ilairidan. 
 shield, s. orl-ongo. pi. ilongon. 
 shield, v. a, to — a-iris. prf. airisa. 
 shite, V. a. a-idayu ngik. prf. aidayuo ngtk. 
 shoe, s. vid. sandal. 
 
 shoot, V. a. (an arrow) a-ngor. prf, adangoro. 
 I short, adj. dorop. 
 i shoulder, s. o-sib, pi. isibi. 
 jl shoulder, blade, s. orl-dap, pi. lldabi.
 
 102 — 
 
 show, V. a. a-ldodol. prl. aidodolie. pass, aidodoli. 
 coiiip. see. 
 
 sickness, s. eng-ea. (probably from e to die $C so lit. 
 the making die) 
 
 silence, v. a, a-gira. prf. adigira. 
 
 silent, V. to be — ^-g''"- P*''* adigire. 
 
 sinew, s. eng ingniani. pi. ing-ingnian. 
 
 sing, V. a ran. prf. adarania. (sing & dance for one can 
 not be williout the other) 
 
 sing, V. a-isilil. prf. aisililia. icligious dancing & sin- 
 ging to the lionour of engai. 
 
 sing, V. to — a persons shame a-iguran. prf. aigurana. 
 
 sing-dance, s. o-singolio. pi. isingolion. 
 
 sister, s. eng-anaisai. pi. inganaisan. 
 
 sister, in law bager, my — in law bagerai. 
 
 sit, V. a-don. prf. adodona. 
 
 sit, V. a-wen. prf. adauena. 
 
 six, ile. ' 
 
 sixty, ipi. 
 
 skin, s. orl-doiai. pi. ildonido. 
 
 skin, s, dim. en-doni. pi. in-donido. 
 
 skin, V. a. a-jon. ]>rf. adejengu. 
 
 sky, s. eng-adambu. pi. ingadambon. 
 
 sleep, s. en-jo. 
 
 sleep, V. a-ber. prf. adabero. 
 
 sleeping- place, em-berodo. 
 
 slime, s. e-s;ilniak. 
 
 slip, V. a-iserdid. prf. aiSerdida. 
 
 slowly, adv. agidi, 
 
 small, adj. (in size) gidi. (in quantity) gudi. 
 
 small-pox, s. eng-ea naiber. (lit. the white dying.) 
 
 smell, V. a. (badly) a-ngu. prf, adongua. 
 
 sinell, V. (nicely) a-robil. 
 
 smoke, s. em-bi'iruo engima. (lit. cloud of the fire)
 
 — UYS — 
 
 snail, s. orl-bigid. pi. ilbigido. 
 
 snake, s. en-durbiiba. pi. indurbi'iban. a tliick short snake 
 
 called bafe in kisuaheli. 
 snake, s. orl-asuiai. pi. ilasuran. 
 snatch, x. a. vid. scramble for. 
 snoar, r. a. a-riinguruh. prf. adurungurunga. 
 snot, s. cng-urlak. 
 snow, s. e-seret. 
 so, adv. neja. so it is nejada. 
 
 soft, adj. masc. onana. feni. nanana. (kisuaheli nuinana) 
 sorcerer, s. orl-asagadon. pi, iiasagadok. - <,i .. 
 sorcery, s. em-dasim.: 
 soul, s. orl-dau. pi. ildaun. 
 sour, to be ■ — a-dua. 
 sour, adj. masc. odua, fern, nadua. 
 space, s, el-ala. . 
 
 spare, v. a. a-leku, prf; adelekua. pass, alekuni, 
 speak, V. a-iro. prf. airoro. 
 spear, s. em-bere. pi. im-beren. 
 spectre, s. oi'l-oib. pi. il-6ib, 
 speech, s. o-rorei. 
 
 spine, s. en-giji. pi. ingijin. (from agij) 
 spinster, s. (any woman without husband) eng-apiak. 
 
 pi. ing-apiak. 
 spirit, s. evil — orl-oiriroa. pi. iloiriroan. 
 spittle, s. eng-amlak. 
 
 split, V. a. & n. a-gij. prf. adigija. neut. prf, adigije, 
 spoil, V. a. a-idaruo. prf. aidaruuyc. 
 spoiled, dorok, adj. 
 spoon, s. orl-mersie. pi. ilmersien. 
 spring, V. n. a-sioyo. prf. adasioyo. 
 squat, V. a-wen. prf. adauena. 
 stand, V. n. a-idaso. prf. aidase. 
 star, s. orl-ogirai. pi. ilogir. (the ushering in of stillness.)
 
 — 104 — 
 
 slaie, V. vid. gaze. 
 
 startle, v, a. & n. a-irud. prf. airiido. 
 
 stay, at or with vid. live at. 
 
 steal, V. a. a-bur. prf. aduburo. pass, a-biiri. 
 
 steam, s. em-buruo. 
 
 stick, together to. — v. n. a-irebiso. pi^f. airebise. 
 
 stick, s. eng-udi. pi, ing-iiden. 
 
 stink, V. a-ngii. prf. adongua.' 
 
 stir, V. a. (in a circular way) a-gurd, prf, adugurdo 
 
 (umriU;ren) 
 stir, V. a. to — up, a-gurd. prf. adugiirda (aufrii()rcu) 
 stone, s. a. large one o-s6id, pi. isoido. my rock osoid- 
 
 lai. 
 stone, s. dim. a small stone e-s6id. pi, isoido my stone 
 
 esoidai, 
 stoop, V. n. a-guruma. prf. adugiiruma, 
 story, s. lomon. (1 part of the masc. article orl,) 
 straighten, v. a. a-idorio. prf. aidoroje. 
 stranger, s. orl-omon. pi. ilomon. 
 stranger, s. female — eng-omon. pi. ing-omon. 
 strangle, v. a. a-gor, prf. adagoro. (lit. to make one 
 
 groan) 
 strap, s. eng-ene. pi. ing-en. 
 stretch, v. a. a-guraki. prf. udugurakie. 
 stretch, v. oneself after a-beiki. prf. adabeikja. 
 string, s. (of the bow) em-bido. pi. im-bido. 
 stroke, vid. caress, 
 strong, to be — v. n. a-gol, 
 strong, adj. masc. ogol. fern, nagol, 
 stumble, v. a-rwes, pif. adarwesa. 
 stump, s. en-del6kue. pi. indelokuen. 
 stupid, to be — a-moda. prf. adamoda. (lil. lo be 
 
 hollow) 
 sugar-cane. s. orl-gikua. pi. ilgikuan.
 
 — 105 — 
 
 summit, s. en-kue. pi, inkuen = kibo in kijagga. NB. wliicli 
 means not snow, but summit, point, being tbe dim. 
 of mbo. Spilje. (nibo also penis) 
 
 sun, s. eng-oilon. (mbo = penis in kisuaheli) 
 
 sunder, v. a. vid. select. 
 
 s-waliow, T. a. a-ijo. pif. adoijol. 
 
 sweep, V. a. a-6r. prt. a-doro. 
 
 sweet, V. n. to be — a-melok. 
 
 sweet, potato, s. orl-gisoiai. pi. ilgisoia. 
 
 swell, V. a-deya. prf. adedoya. 
 
 swine, s. em-bidir, pi. imbidiro. 
 
 sword, s. or-alem. pi, ilalcma, 
 
 T. 
 
 tail, s. eng-idongai. pi. ingidongo. 
 
 tailor, s. orl-aribani. pi. ilariban. 
 
 take, V. a. to — away a-ya. prf. awa. 
 
 take, V. a. off tbe fire a-dodu. prf, adadodiio. 
 
 take, V. a. hold a-ibufi. prf. aibiinga. 
 
 tall, lo be — V. n. a-ado. 
 
 tall, adj. masc. wado. adj. fem. nado. 
 
 tamarind, s. orl-masambura. pi. ilmasamburan, 
 
 tamarind, tree. s. orl-osambuia. pi. ilosamburan. 
 
 taste, V. a. a-isamisam. prf. aisamisama, 
 
 tatoo, V. a. a-ngom. prf. adongoma. 
 
 tear, s. orl-gijo. pi. ilgljon. 
 
 tear, v. vid. rent. 
 
 tell, V. a-liki. prf. adolikjo. pass, alikini. 
 
 ten, domon. 
 
 tend, r. a. to — animals, airid. prf. airida. 
 
 testicle, s. orUdcrege. pi. ilderegen. 
 
 that, pron. masc. clde. pi. (those) guldo. 
 
 that, pron. fem. enda. pi. gi'inda. 
 
 the, article masc. sing, o, orl & 1. pi. il & i.
 
 106 
 
 the, article fem. sing, e, en, em, eng & g. pi. i, in, 
 
 im, & Ing. 
 the collective article el without, plural form. 
 thee, pron. pers. ie. 
 their, pron. masc. lengni. 
 their, pron. fem. engni, 
 tliem. pron. pers. niend'e. 
 thin, adj. longai. 
 tiling, s. en-doki. pi. indokilin. 
 thirty, ardum. 
 
 this, pron. masc. ele. pi. (these) gulo, 
 this, pron, fem. ena. pi. giina. 
 three, uni.' 
 
 throat, s. em-urd. pi. imurdo. 
 throw, V. a. — away a-ibugo. prf. aibugoye. 
 throw, V. a. — down, a-idad. prf. aidadoyu. 
 throw, V. a. — out of a-idura. prf. aiduraye. 
 thorn, s, orl-gigu. pi. ilgigiian. 
 thou, 2>'on. pers. ie. 
 thunder, v. to. — a-dar. prf. adadara. (the shrill 
 
 thunder) 
 thunder, v. to — a-gurugur. prf. adugurugiira. (the 
 
 rolling distant thunder) 
 thy, pron. poss. masc. lino. pi. linono. 
 thy, pron. poss. fem. ino. pi. inono. 
 tickle, V. a. a-igidigid. prf. aigidigida. 
 tie, v. a. a-lid. prf. adilida. pass, alidi. 
 time, s. en-gada. 
 
 times, adv. gad. three times gadiini. 
 tire, V. a. a-naiira. prf. adanaura. 
 tired, v. n. a-naiire. prf. adanai'ire. 
 to, adv. a. regular sign of the inlinitive. a-rlol to see. 
 
 arlo to go. 
 tobacco, s. orl-gumbau. pi. ilguml)aun.
 
 — 107 - 
 
 toe, s. en-gimojino. pi. ingimojik. 
 
 longuc, s. oil-gnc'ji'jj. pi. iIgiic'jt'W;t. 
 
 lootli, s. orl-ala. pi. ilalan. 
 
 loolh, brush, s. cng-igc. pi. ing-lgcn. Usually a piece 
 
 of a creeper ^\hich serves reniarltaMy for llie pur- 
 pose, 
 tooth, hole, em-buata. pi. im-bualan. 
 trade, s. eng-gingnianga. 
 trade, V. a. a-iiiguiaii & a-IngiiiangiSo. prf. a-ingnianga 
 
 & aiiigniangisc. 
 tread, v. to • — upon, a-ioro. prf. adoioro. pass, a-roroi. 
 tree, s. orl-d'ada, pi. ilgeh. 
 tree, s. dim. small tree, en-d'ada. pi. ingeU. 
 troubles, s. o-sina. 
 troubles, v. to have — a-nyi(a) osina. prf. adaniuslua 
 
 111. to eat & to have eaten troubles, 
 true, to be — a-sib. prf. adisiba. disib osake be always 
 
 true, 
 Irunk, s. — of a tree, when of great size orl.dim. pi. 
 
 ildimi. 
 truth, s. e-dede. 
 
 turn, out. V. n. a-ai(U. prf. aijiasu. 
 turn, a-gurd, vid. stir. 
 
 turn, repeatedly = roll, a-igurduda. prf. aigurdudaye. 
 turn, v. a. upside down, a-ibelegen. prf. aibelegenia. 
 tusk, s. vid. toolh. tusk of the elephant orl-ala lorl. 
 
 dome, 
 twenty kitikidam. 
 twice gadare. 
 twins, s. il.mao. 
 two (if ref. to a nomen niasc. ware instead of oare) 
 
 if to a fern. are. 
 I wist, V. a. a-biai. prf. adibiaja. 
 twisi, V. a, = distord a-giii'.
 
 - 108 — 
 
 IJ. 
 ulcer, s. or] dotluclal. pi. ildocluda. 
 unchaste, v. to be — a-sid. 
 unchaste, adj. masc. osid. adj. fern, uasid. 
 uncle, s. orl-abulai. pi. ilabulai. 
 uncover, v. a. a-gin. prf. adiginia. 
 under, adv. abori. 
 
 undo, V. a. exg. sewing a-ribu. prf. adiribua. 
 unite, V. a. a-lld. prf. adilida. 
 up & upon, adv. geber. 
 urin, s. in(g) gurlak. 
 
 vagina, s. eng-uali. pi. ingualin. 
 
 venture, v, a-ideu. prf. aideuo. 
 
 very, adv. nalen. 
 
 village, vid. selllement. 
 
 violence, s, malmali. 
 
 visit, V. a, a-lilida. prf. adililida. 
 
 vomit, V. a-lobiSo. prf. alobiSe. 
 
 wail, V. a-buak. prf. adabuaga. 
 
 ■\vaiHng, s. vid. lamentation. 
 
 wait, V. a. to — for a-nyii. prf. adanyua. pass, anyi'ini. 
 
 want, V. a. a-jau. prf. adiijaua. 
 
 wanton — to be. — a-miin. prf. adamuno. 
 
 war, s. en-j6re. 
 
 warm, v. to — oneself a-ij. jirf. adoijo. 
 
 warm, v. a. to — up. a.idal. pri. aidadala. 
 
 wash, V. a. a-6gu. prf. adogu. pass, aoguni. 
 
 watch, V. = to be awake, a-inuda. prf. adumuda. 
 
 watch, V. = guard a-rib. prf. adoribo.
 
 - 109 — 
 
 >vatcr, s. cng.arc. 
 
 wax, s. — of Avild bees. en.doSo. 
 
 way, s. eng-oidoi, pi. ing.oidoi. 
 
 wear, v. a. a-iSob. prf. aiSoba. 
 
 weep, V. a-isir. prf. aisira. 
 
 well, adv. sabad & nagai. 
 
 well, y. to be — a-lulunga, 
 
 well, s. — of water, crl-cluroclo, pi. ildurodon. 
 
 west, s. en-apungningoiloi'i. apungni probably related 
 with (aibung) 
 
 what, pron. interrog. ainio what do you see. ainio idol? 
 
 what — sort ga. garldungnani. what sort of man? 
 
 where, adr. aji, where do you go ajiilo? 
 
 whet, V. a, vid. sharwcn. 
 
 whetstone, eng-io. pi. ingion. 
 
 whisper, v. n. a-ngnoinaUi. prf. adongnomatl. pass, 
 a-ngnomakini. 
 
 white — to be — a-ibor. prf. aiboi'O. cnbue orldoenyo 
 ngai eibor osake the summit of doenyo ngai is al- 
 ways white, 
 
 white — to make — a-ibora. prf. aiboraye. 
 
 white, adj. masc. oibor. adj. feni. naiboi-. orldungnan(i) 
 oibor a white man, enanga naibor white cloth. 
 
 who, pron. interrog. ngnai, 
 
 why, adv. balnio. (lit. for what) 
 
 widow, s. vid. spinster. 
 
 wife, e-siangiki. pi. isiangikin. 
 
 will, V. a. vid. want. 
 
 wind, s. eng-ijape. pi. ingijapen. 
 
 winnow, v. a. a-isesi. prf. aisesia. 
 
 wipe, V. a. a-yud. prf. adiiyudo. pass, ayudi. 
 
 wise, adj. gnen. 
 
 with, prep. na. 
 
 withered — to be — a-doyo. 
 
 «:#
 
 — no 
 
 after she has given birth en- 
 
 woman, s. eng.norion, pi. Ing.norlok, 
 woman, s. name of a 
 
 dangnadana. pi. indangnadan. 
 woman, s. in childbed, en-damonon. pi. In-damonok. 
 woman, s. as wife e-siangiUi. 
 woman, s. pet name of a — nadangile. 
 womb, s. eng-omos. 
 woods, s. en-dim. pi. in-diml. 
 wood, s. = fuel el.gek. 
 world, s. eng-6b. pi. ing-obl. 
 wound, s. orl-mogo. pi. ilmogon. 
 wrap, V. a. a-jab. prf. adajaba. pass, a-jabi. 
 wrath, s. e-gore, 
 
 wrath, to be — a-roiia. prf. adaroua. 
 wrench, sa. a-monir. prf. adamonira. 
 
 year, s. orl-ari. pi. ilarin. 
 
 yes, adv. — by males. 6i. by females eo. 
 
 yesterday, adv. gnole. before — nabiiri. 
 
 you, pron. pers. indai & 'ndai. 
 
 youth, s. an uncircumcised — orl.aion. pi. ilaiok. 
 
 youth, s. an circumcised — orl-giegu. pi. ilgiegu. 
 
 Z. 
 zebra, s. oi^l-oidigo. pi. il-oidigon. 
 
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 ^
 
 £rrata. 
 
 Pag. 5» Hn. 11 from on high road ,,t]icmselves" not 
 
 tliemsclver. 
 
 Pag. 14, lin. 21 from on liigli read ,, grass" not grasi. 
 
 Pag. 21, lin. 16 from on liigh read ,, against" not aganist. 
 
 Pag. 24, lin. 9 from on highread „medicine" notmedecine. 
 
 Pag. 27, lin. 5 from on high strike after ildungnana the in- 
 terrogative sign. 
 
 Pag. 32, lin. 2 from below read „a dress" not adress, 
 
 Pag. 46, lin. 6 fiom on high read ,, genitive" not genetive. 
 
 Pag. 50, lin. 6 from heloAV read ,,\vrit]ie" not wrilh. 
 
 Pag. 65, lin. 2 from on liigh read ,, select" not sellect. 
 
 Pag. 74t lin. 12 from below read ,,enkueni" not en-kneni. 
 
 Pag. 8S, lin. 9 from below read ,, health'* not healthy. 
 
 Pag. 96, lin. 1 from below read ,, partly coloured" not 
 party coloured.
 
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